Looking for online definition of Brooke-Fordyce trichoepithelioma in the Medical Dictionary? Brooke-Fordyce trichoepithelioma explanation free. What is Brooke-Fordyce trichoepithelioma? Meaning of Brooke-Fordyce trichoepithelioma medical term. What does Brooke-Fordyce trichoepithelioma mean?

Protein modification by the conjugation of ubiquitin moieties-ubiquitination-plays a major part in many biological processes, including cell cycle and apoptosis1. The enzymes that mediate ubiquitin-conjugation have been well-studied, but much less is known about the ubiquitin-specific proteases that mediate de-ubiquitination of cellular substrates2,3. To study this gene family, we designed a collection of RNA interference vectors to suppress 50 human de-ubiquitinating enzymes, and used these vectors to identify de-ubiquitinating enzymes in cancer-relevant pathways. We report here that inhibition of one of these enzymes, the familial cylindromatosis tumour suppressor gene (CYLD)4, having no known function, enhances activation of the transcription factor NF-κB. We show that CYLD binds to the NEMO (also known as IKKγ) component of the IκB kinase (IKK) complex, and appears to regulate its activity through de-ubiquitination of TRAF2, as TRAF2 ubiquitination can be modulated by CYLD. Inhibition of CYLD

The mechanism by which Wnt receptors transduce signals to activate downstream beta-catenin-mediated target gene transcription remains incompletely understood but involves Frizzled (Fz) receptor-mediated plasma membrane recruitment and activation of the cytoplasmic effector Dishevelled (Dvl). Here, we identify the deubiquitinating enzyme CYLD, the familial cylindromatosis tumor suppressor gene, as a negative regulator of proximal events in Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. Depletion of CYLD from cultured cells markedly enhances Wnt-induced accumulation of beta-catenin and target gene activation. Moreover, we demonstrate hyperactive Wnt signaling in human cylindroma skin tumors that arise from mutations in CYLD. At the molecular level, CYLD interacts with and regulates K63-linked ubiquitination of Dvl. Enhanced ubiquitination of the polymerization-prone DIX domain in CYLD-deficient cells positively links to the signaling activity of Dvl. Together, our results argue that loss of CYLD instigates tumor growth in

The Role of Bcl-2, CD10 and CD34 Expression in Differentiation between Basal Cell Carcinoma and Trichoepithelioma. . Biblioteca virtual para leer y descargar libros, documentos, trabajos y tesis universitarias en PDF. Material universiario, documentación y tareas realizadas por universitarios en nuestra biblioteca. Para descargar gratis y para leer online.

Patterns form with the break of homogeneity and lead to the emergence of new structure or arrangement. There are different physiological and pathological mechanisms that lead to the formation of patterns. Here, we first introduce the basics of pattern formation and their possible biological basis. We then discuss different categories of skin patterns and their potential underlying molecular mechanisms. Some patterns, such as the lines of Blaschko and Naevus, are based on cell lineage and genetic mosaicism. Other patterns, such as regionally specific skin appendages, can be set by distinct combinatorial molecular codes, which in turn may be set by morphogenetic gradients. There are also some patterns, such as the arrangement of hair follicles (hair whorls) and fingerprints, which involve genetics as well as stochastic epigenetic events based on physiochemical principles. Many appendage primordia are laid out in developmental waves. In the adult, some patterns, such as those involving cycling hair ...

Like other skin appendages, the embryonic mammary gland develops via extensive epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. Early stages in embryonic mammary development strikingly resemble analogous steps in

A type 1 excludes note is a pure excludes. It means not coded here. A type 1 excludes note indicates that the code excluded should never be used at the same time as L60-L75. A type 1 excludes note is for used for when two conditions cannot occur together, such as a congenital form versus an acquired form of the same condition ...

Dermatology is a specialty that deals with all illnesses that occur in any part of the skin, spinous mucosal membrane, finger and toe nails, hair and other skin appendages. The Department of Dermatology treats and provides assistance to patients through comprehensive research in various top-notch fields such as immunology, genetics and molecular biology as well as basic medicine. ...

Looking for online definition of desmoplastic trichoepithelioma in the Medical Dictionary? desmoplastic trichoepithelioma explanation free. What is desmoplastic trichoepithelioma? Meaning of desmoplastic trichoepithelioma medical term. What does desmoplastic trichoepithelioma mean?

To the Editor:. Misago et al1 have recently published 6 cases of infundibular (follicular) and 2 examples of infundibulocystic squamous cell carcinoma and have redefined the original criteria for both follicular squamous cell carcinoma and infundibulocystic squamous cell carcinoma.2,3 They propose that the term infundibular squamous cell carcinoma was synonymous with follicular squamous cell carcinoma, and infundibulocystic carcinoma was a distinctive tumor sharing features with microcystic adnexal carcinoma.. In the initial description of 16 examples of follicular squamous cell carcinoma by Diaz-Cascajo et al,2 these squamous cell carcinomas arose in follicles and formed nodular tumors that replaced the follicles but did not demonstrate follicular differentiation even when the tumor infiltrated the surrounding tissue. From a clinical perspective, follicular squamous cell carcinomas in the original study were described as dermal nodules that did not resemble keratoacanthoma and were diagnosed as ...

Less Common Skin Cancers. Merkel Cell Carcinoma is a rare and aggressive form of skin cancer. It arises from Merkel cells in the lower part of the epidermis. Merkel cells are similar to nerve cells and give the skin touch sensation. Treatment involves a team approach from physicians with significant experience with the disease.. Atypical Fibroxanthoma is thought to arise from the dermis, which is deeper than the epidermis, the source of most other skin cancers. It classically appears on the face or scalp as a reddish, sometimes glistening plaque (broad, raised area on the skin).. Microcystic Adnexal Carcinoma is thought to be derived from cells that produce the adnexal structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands in the skin. It classically occurs on the face. It may have a deceivingly benign appearance and may be mistaken for a common melanocytic nevus (mole ...

Microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) is a low-grade malignant tumor of the skin. Histologically, this tumor shows a biphasic pattern, with cords and nests of basaloid cells, as well as keratin horn cysts. This biphasic histological appearance has been interpreted by some authors as a sign of double eccrine and folliculosebaceous-apocrine differentiation, whereas some other authors defend a solely eccrine differentiation. In this context, sebaceous differentiation in MAC would support the first option. However, there are only 3 cases of MAC with sebaceous differentiation in the literature, and all of them were reported before adipophilin was available, which in the appropriate context (eg, testing clear cells for sebaceous vs eccrine differentiation) is very useful ...

Skin appendages (or adnexa) are skin-associated structures that serve a particular function including sensation, contractility, lubrication and heat loss. In humans, some of the more common skin appendages are hairs (sensation, heat loss, filter for breathing, protection), arrector pilli (smooth muscles that pull hairs straight), sebaceous glands (secrete sebum onto hair follicle, which oils the hair), sweat glands (can be sweat secreted with strong odour (apocrine) or with a faint odour (eccrine)) and nails (protection). Skin appendages are derived from the skin, and are usually adjacent to it. Types of Appendages include hair, glands, and nails. Sweat Glands are distributed all over the body except nipples and outer genitals. Although the nipples do have the mammary glands, these are known as modified sweat glands. Sebaceous Glands are typically found in the opening shaft of hair. They are not on the palms of the hands or the soles of the feet. These glands secret an antibacterial moisture ...

Hum Pathol. 2009 Oct;40(10):1499-503. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2009.02.015. Epub 2009 May 19. Case Reports; Research Support, Non-U.S. Govt

CYLD is a deubiquitination enzyme that regulates different cellular processes, such as cell proliferation and cell survival. Mutation and loss of heterozygosity of the CYLD gene causes development of cylindromatosis, a benign tumour originating from the skin. Our study shows that CYLD expression is dramatically downregulated in basal cell carcinoma (BCC), the most common cancer in humans. Reduced CYLD expression in basal cell carcinoma was mediated by GLI1-dependent activation of the transcriptional repressor Snail. Inhibition of GLI1 restored the CYLD expression-mediated Snail signaling pathway, and caused a significant delay in the G1 to S phase transition, as well as proliferation. Our data suggest that GLI1-mediated suppression of CYLD has a significant role in basal cell carcinoma progression. Oncogene (2011) 30, 4523-4530; doi: 10.1038/onc.2011.163; published online 16 May ...

Lin, C.M and Jiang, T.X. and Baker, Ruth E. and Maini, P. K. and Widelitz, R. B. and Chunong, C.M. (2009) Spots & stripes: pleomorphic patterning of stem cells via p-ERK-depenendent cell chemotaxis shown by feather morphogenesis & mathematical simulation. Developmental Biology, 334 (2). pp. 369-382. Lin, C. and Jiang, T. and Baker, Ruth E. and Maini, P. K. and Hughes, M. and Widelitz, R. B. and Chuong, C. (2008) Periodic patterning stem cells and induction of skin appendages: p-ERK-dependent mesenchymal condensation is coupled with Turing mechanism to convert stripes to spots. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 128 (S1). S156. Widelitz, R. B. and Baker, Ruth E. and Plikus, M. V. and Lin, C. and Maini, P. K. and Paus, R. and Chuong, C. M. (2006) Distinct mechanisms underlie pattern formation in the skin and skin appendages. Birth Defects Research (Part C),, 78 (3). pp. 280-291. ...

Allergy bumps in eyes - I have little white bumps under my eyes, have allergies, I take medicine but what can I do to make the white bumps go away? White bumps. It is unclear from your description whether these are not normal skin appendages. You can try warm compresses for 10 minutes at a time. Otherwise best seen in person.

Background: Skin Adnexal Tumours (SATs ) are large and divergent group of tumours which are classified based on their appendageal differentiation into eccrine,follicular,sebaceous and apocrine.They pose daunting diagnostic challenges to both clinicians and pathologists alike.This study aims to evaluate the histopathological charecterestics of skin adnexal neoplasms and correlate with their clinical profile.Methods : This is a retrospective study of skin adnexal tumours (28 cases) diagnosed on histopathological examination over a period of two years .( January 2014 to December 2015 ).Results: Skin adnexal tumours are uncommon lesions with an incidence of 0.27%.These tumours were common in the 51 to 60 age group and showed a female preponderance. Head and neck region particularly the scalp was commonly involved. Benign tumours were more common (78.6% ) than the malignant ones (21.4%). .Sweat gland tumours constituted the largest group (61%) followed by hair follicle tumours (21%)and sebaceous ...

Mature cystic teratoma (MCT) of the ovary is a common benign adnaexal tumour in females. The most common malignant transformation is squamous cell car..

This study aims to evaluate a new ointment to treat an inherited skin tumour condition called cylindromatosis. Patients from families with this condition carry an error in their DNA (CYLD mutation) that results in the development of multiple skin tumours on the face, scalp and trunk. These tumours are disfiguring, can be painful, and may ulcerate and bleed. Surgery is the only available treatment, and up to 1 in 4 patients with this condition undergo removal of their entire scalp to manage this condition. We have recently discovered an abnormal signal in the tumour cells called TRK. This signal is recognised to give tumour cells the ability to survive, and in laboratory tests blocking it with drugs called TRK inhibitors results in the tumour cells dying. We propose a study of an ointment form of TRK inhibitor as a means to reduce tumour growth in these patients. We have partnered with a drug company (Creabilis) who have already produced this ointment (called CT327) for trials in skin conditions. ...

Drosophila CYLD protein: ortholog of the human cylindromatosis tumor suppressor protein; involved in a broad range of functions associated with fat homeostasis and host defence; RefSeq NM_164909.1; NP_723554.1

Sushi and ramen are widely available in SG, but head to Japan itself and youll find unagi soaked in green tea, rice-stuffed squid, grilled miso, and more!

We describe the anatomy of the scalp, epidemiology of scalp tumors, theories of field cancerization and field therapy, photodynamic therapy, excisional surgical techniques and reconstruction, lymphoscintigraphy, chemoprevention, as well as details relating to atypical fibroxanthoma, Brooke-Spiegler syndrome, nevus sebaceus, cutaneous lymphoma, and metastatic disease ...

Growing evidence in clinical studies suggests that ubiquitin systems are greatly related to the progression of atherosclerosis, particularly in relation to inflammation and cell proliferation. However, there were few reports referred to molecular mechanisms of vascular remodeling related to ubiquitin systems. NF-κB is an important transcriptional factor which plays central roles in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Thus, in this study, we focused on CYLD which is a NF-κB-related deubiquitinating enzyme and may be a therapeutic target of tumor in cancer research. From Northern blot and immunohistology, CYLD was endogenously expressed in vascular endothelial cells (EC) and smooth muscle cells (VSMC). Interestingly, the treatment of TNF-α significantly increased CYLD expression in EC and VSMC. CYLD was markedly induced in the neointima of the balloon-injured carotid arteries, and was also present in atherosclerotic lesions from human carotid arteries. Thus, the expression of CYLD could be ...

aka Mature cystic teratoma Contains tissue from all 3 germ cell layers hence have all kinds of tissue - fat, hair, skin, teeth, cartilage, etc 10% bilateral Complications: torsion haemorrhage malignant degeneration - rare

A mature cystic teratoma of the ovary is called a dermoid cyst. This patient presented with a palpable lump per abdomen. The initial ultrasound scan showed the characteristic sonographic features of an ovarian dermoid cyst. CT abdomen was done la...

The skin is the largest organ of the human body, comprising approximately 17% of the body weight. An average adult would have a skin total surface area of around 1.7 square meters. The thickness of the skin varies depending on the site where it resides, ranging from 3mm to 6mm. The skin is the most visible and exposed organ of the body, and hence it is the first line of defense of the body against the harsh environment.. The structure of the skin comprises of three main layers, namely the epidermis, the dermis and the hypodermis. There are also skin appendages that play their own respective roles in the skin. Each make-up of each layer will be described below.. EPIDERMIS. The epidermis is the most dynamic layer among all the layers of the skin. Despite being the thinnest layer, it is actually the most important layer among all. The epidermis consists of 5 sub-layers, that will be listed below:. (a) Stratum germinativum (basal cell layer) - This is the deepest layer composed of keratinocytes. ...

A group of hereditary disorders involving tissues and structures derived from the embryonic ectoderm. They are characterized by the presence of abnormalities at birth and involvement of both the epidermis and skin appendages. They are generally nonprogressive and diffuse. Various forms exist, including anhidrotic and hidrotic dysplasias, FOCAL DERMAL HYPOPLASIA, and aplasia cutis congenita.. ...

A trichilemmal cyst, also known as a wen, pilar cyst or isthmus-catagen cyst, is a common cyst that forms from a hair follicle. They are most often found on the scalp. The cysts are smooth, mobile and filled with keratin, a protein component found in hair, nails, skin, and horns. They are, however, clinically and histologically distinct from Trichilemmal Horns[clarification needed], which are much more rare and not limited to the scalp. Trichilemmal cysts may run in families and they may or may not be inflamed and tender, often depending on whether they have ruptured. Rarely, these cysts may grow more extensively and form rapidly multiplying trichilemmal tumors, also called proliferating trichilemmal cysts, which are benign but may grow aggressively at the cyst site. Very rarely, trichilemmal cysts can become cancerous.[unreliable source?] Trichilemmal cysts are derived from the outer root sheath of the hair follicle. Their origin is unknown, but it has been suggested that they are produced by ...

Results: MCT comprised 230 (57.6%) out of total 399 cases of ovarian neoplasms. The age range of the patients was 8-74 years. The sizes of the tumors ranged from 2.5-20cm. 12% of the cases were bilateral. Ischemic modifications, presumably due to torsion, were noted in 10% of the cases, mostly in tumors larger than 10cm. None of the tumors of less than 5cm presented with signs of torsion. Malignant transformation was present in seven (3%) cases and was seen especially in older patients and in larger tumors. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common malignant tumor seen in five cases. One case was a mixed germ cell tumor with components of MCT and yolk sac tumor. ...

Discussion Mature cystic teratoma (dermoid cysts), accounts for approximately 25% of all ovarian tumors. They are unilateral in 88% of the cases and present with symptoms related to the mass lesion. They contain a varied mixture of ectodermal, mesodermal and endodermal structures distributed in an organized fashion.[1] The first description of pneumatosis cystoides-like appearance in a mature cystic teratoma was given by Maudsley and Zakhour in a 29 year old primigravida in 1988.[2] Subsequently, two case studies with 13 and 7 cases respectively have been reported.[34] These multicystic structures have been variably called as sieve-like areas and Pneumatosis cystoides-like appearances by various authors.[234] The multicystic structures can occur in any age group, but they are generally found in tumors from older patients.[5] Maudsley and Zakhour suggested these cysts to be gas cysts, as on routine staining and immunohistochemistry neither cyst contents, nor endothelial lining were identified.[2] ...

FUNCTION: This gene encodes a protein that is a member of the ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase subfamily of the deubiquitinating enzyme family. Members of this family catalyze the removal of ubiquitin from a substrate or another ubiquitin molecule and thereby play important roles in regulating signaling pathways, recycling ubiquitin and regulating protein stability. This protein removes ubiquitin from K-63-linked ubiquitin chains from proteins involved in NF-kappaB signaling and thus acts as a negative regulator of this pathway. In humans mutations in this gene have been associated with cylindromatosis, an autosomal dominant predisposition to tumors of skin appendages. In mouse deficiency of this gene impairs thymocyte development and increases susceptibility to skin and colon tumors. A pseudogene of this gene has been identified on chromosome 1. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants that encode different protein isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2013 ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Mediastinal cystic teratoma. AU - Margaritora, Stefano. AU - Porziella, Venanzio. AU - Cesario, Alfredo. AU - Granone, Pierluigi. AU - Galetta, Domenico. PY - 2004. Y1 - 2004. N2 - Not available. AB - Not available. KW - mediastinum. KW - teratoma. KW - mediastinum. KW - teratoma. UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10807/5587. M3 - Article. SP - 34. EP - 34. JO - ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY. JF - ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY. SN - 0003-4975. ER - ...

Read Melanoma arising in an ovarian cystic teratoma: a systematic review of presentation, treatment, and outcomes, Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics on DeepDyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips.

The most common pathogen involved in small animal surgical site infections today is Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. The overall carrier rate of this methicillin-resistant pathogen is approximately 4.4%, with a 14 times higher infection rate in part due to its ability to develop a biofilm. This pathogen and others are found in the normal commensal organisms of the canine skin appendages. Typical skin infection rates for most elective surgical procedures run approximately 3 - 5%, though are much higher in TPLO surgeries, reported up to 21 - 28%, becoming a more difficult problem to combat.. ...

Genetic wildlife monitoring is increasingly carried out on the basis of non-invasively collected samples, whereby the most commonly used DNA sources are skin appendages (hairs, feathers) and faeces....

Dutch researcher Sebastian Nijman has discovered new genes which are i...Patients with the very rare genetic condition cylindromatosis develop ...People with this disease have a mutated form of the protein CYLD. Nijm...An important implication of this research is that inhibition of the NF...Fanconi anaemia ...,Function,of,new,cancer,genes,discovered,biological,biology news articles,biology news today,latest biology news,current biology news,biology newsletters

Austin Texas dermatologists Dr. Miriam Hanson and Dr. Adam Mamelak discuss the appearance, health implications and treatment of a Pilar Cyst in the skin.

The D part of Claritin-D stands for decongestant. The decongestant is psuedoephedrine which is available without a prescription, but kept behind the pharmacy counter. It is what the Meth-heads use to cook meth. That is most likely why it flagged positive on the drug test. If he is on any other meds (prescription/non-prescription) the body may not eliminate the meds as quickly/efficiently and it starts to accumulate in the bloodstream. NA$CAR is putting these guys in the position of being fearful of taking ANY meds! What does Jeff Gordon take for his back? What do any of them take for a cold? If someone is taking medication under doctors supervision, with a legal prescription, for legitimate health ailments the substance abuse policy is waived. Brian France wouldnt know a metabolic pathway from a hole in his behind. The NA$CAR doctor is probably nothing more than another yes man. I hope Jeremy is being straight with us. It has exposed a huge flaw in what shouldve been a positive ...

If you wish to reuse any or all of this article please use the link below which will take you to the Copyright Clearance Centers RightsLink service. You will be able to get a quick price and instant permission to reuse the content in many different ways.. ...

Full Text - CYLD is a deubiquitinating enzyme known for its role as a tumor suppressor whose mutation leads to skin appendages tumors and other cancers. In this manuscript we report that the tumor suppressor CYLD, similarly to other renowned tumor suppressor genes, protects from premature aging and cancer. We have generated transgenic mice expressing the mutant CYLDC/S protein, lacking its deubiquitinase function, under the control of the keratin 5 promoter, the K5-CYLDC/S mice. These mice express the transgene in different organs, including those considered to be more susceptible to aging, such as skin and thymus. Our results show that K5-CYLDC/S mice exhibit epidermal, hair follicle, and sebaceous gland alterations; and, importantly, they show signs of premature aging from an early age. Typically, 3-month-old K5-CYLDC/S mice exhibit a phenotype characterized by alopecia and kyphosis, and, the histological examination reveals that transgenic mice show signs

cyld displays a dominant genetic linkage to multiple types of cutaneous adnexal tumors that often develop in bulky clusters in the head, neck, trunk, and pubic areas (10, 37). Although predominantly benign (10), these tumors are painful and disfiguring, can undergo malignant transformation with metastasis over time, and eventually lead to mortality (38-41). Thus, the malignant features of the tumors developed on K14-CYLDm transgenic mice are in line with the clinical manifestations seen in patients. Our transgenic tumor models allowed us to define JNK/AP1 signaling cascade as a key regulator in CYLDm-driven epidermal malignancy.. Cyld loss of function is not only relevant to cutaneous adnexal tumors but also to many other cancers including SCC (22,42). It is worth noting that cyld−/− mice are sensitive to chemically induced carcinogenesis, but the tumors developed on these mice are not more malignant than those of WT mice (22). We predict that the differential tumor growth phenotypes ...

Compagno J, Oertel JE. Microcystic adenomas of the pancreas (glycogen-rich cystadenomas): a clinicopathologic study of 34 cases. Am J Clin Pathol. 1978 Mar; 69(3):289-98.. ...

clear cell hidradenoma breast Malignant clear cell hidradenoma is a rare oncologic entity and has only rarely been reported to occur in the breast. The rarity of the tumor, inconsistent nomenclature and histologic similarities with other tumors creates a diagnostic challenge [2, 4. clear cell hidradenoma breast Clear cell hidradenoma (CCH) is an uncommon skin adnexal tumor arising from eccrine glands. Although several kind of skin adnexal tumors arise in the breast tissue, CCH of the breast is an extremely rare entity. Failure to identify its

Timings, Address, Fee And Complete Details Of PMDC Verified Cancer Specialist / Oncologists For Treatment For Adnexal Tumors In Pakistan. Book Appointment Or Consult Online. Phone: 042-32...

A dermoid cyst is a cystic teratoma is an enclosed tumor with components of tissues or organs that resembles a variation of all 3 germ layers.

The epidermis and dermis are separated by the basement membrane zone. Anchoring fibrils connect these two layers. The dermis consists of a superficial thin layer called the papillary dermis and a deep, dense layer called the reticular dermis. The primary cell of the dermis is the fibroblast that produces the collagen, elastic fibers, and ground substance that compose the bulk of the dermis. Inflammatory cells migrate through the ground substance beneath the dermis, a large plexus of arterioles and venules called the subdermal plexus. This plexus further branches into superficial smaller vessels called the papillary plexus. The skin appendages, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, and hair follicles all lie within the dermis. ...

Purpose: The hypermetabolic nature of cancer cells, especially their increased reliance on aerobic glycolysis which has been associated with more aggressive phenotype, is considered metabolic hallmarks of cancer cells including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells. However, its precise mechanisms remain unknown. Cylindromatosis (CYLD) is recognized as a tumor suppressor gene whereas little is available about its impact on cancer progression. Our unpublished data showed that lower CYLD expression was associated with poor prognosis in OSCC patients. The objective of our study was to address specific contributions of CYLD to the signature metabolic features of OSCC cells.. Materials and methods: We determined the level of glucose consumption as well as lactate production to evaluate the effects of CYLD knockdown by siRNA on aerobic glycolysis in human OSCC cell lines. In addition, we measured extracellular acidification and oxygen consumption rates in OSCC cells by using XF Extracellular Flux ...

Teratomas are germ cell tumors commonly composed of multiple cell types derived from one or more of the 3 germ layers. Inconsistent nomenclature often confuses discussions of various subtypes of teratomas.