Phase Ib Trial of Intratumoral Injection of a Recombinant Canarypox Virus Encoding Human B7.1 (ALVAC-hB7.1) [ALVAC CEA] or a Combination of ALVAC-hB7.1 and a Recombinant Canarypox Virus Encoding Human Interleukin 12 (ALVAC-hIL-12) in Patients With Surgically Incurable Melanoma ...

In this thesis, two different vaccines were evaluated as adjuvant therapy for patients with colorectal cancer. The ability of the two candidate vaccines to generate antigen-specific cellular and humoral responses, respectively, was studied. The effectiveness of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as a cytokine adjuvant to augment the immune response was also examined.. The first vaccination strategy involved immunization with the recombinant tumor-associated protein, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Recombinant CEA was administered at 4 different dose levels 7 times during one year. Peripheral blood samples were regularly analyzed during 36 months. This vaccination regimen induced a strong immunoglobulin 1 (IgG1) and IgG4 response, a moderate IgG2 response and a weak IgG3 response against CEA. GM-CSF markedly augmented the effect on IgG1 and IgG4 as well as the T cell response. In contrast, dose of rCEA had no or modest effect on induced immune responses. The response gradually ...

One of the earliest observations in the HIV epidemic was the demonstration of HIV infection at mucosal surfaces of cells in the genital tract. These data suggest that priming of immune defenses of viral infected cells may be an important component in the strategy of developing an effective HIV vaccine. Direct immunization of relevant mucosal surfaces with a vectored vaccine may stimulate mucosal immunity. The ALVAC-HIV vCP205 immunogen is constructed from a live recombinant canarypox vector that has a good safety profile in volunteers and should allow mucosal induction of immunity.. This randomized, double-blind trial evaluates the safety of and immune response to vaccination with ALVAC-HIV vCP205 given at 0, 1, 3, and 6 months. Patients are randomly assigned to 1 of 7 drug administration routes as follows:. Group A: Intramuscular Group B: Oral Group C: Intranasal Group D: Intrarectal Group E: Intravaginal Group F: Intranasal/intramuscular Group G: Intrarectal/intramuscular Twelve patients are ...

Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV can be caused either by perinatal transmission of HIV or by breastfeeding, a common practice in poorer regions of the world. HIV preventive vaccines are currently under investigation as potential solutions to worldwide MTCT of HIV. This study will evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of an HIV-1 vaccine, ALVAC-HIV vCP1521, in infants born to HIV-1 infected mothers in Uganda. The vaccine is a preparation of a live attenuated recombinant canarypox virus, encoding HIV clades B and E envelope proteins. This study will be conducted at Mulago Hospital in Uganda.. Mothers will enroll in this study during their third trimesters of pregnancy. During screening, mothers will undergo medical history assessment, a physical exam, and blood collection. After delivery and prior to infant enrollment, mothers will have another physical exam; mothers and their infants will be accompanied home by a home visitor who will document contact information.. Infants will be ...

The shock-and-kill method combines latency reversal agents such as histone deacetylase inhibitors and toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists to induce HIV-1 transcription followed by ART, therapeutic vaccines, and/or broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) to decrease the latent reservoir. This process of reac-tivation is then followed by immunomodulation with agents such as therapeutic vaccines and/or bNAbs. The aim of therapeutic vaccines (such as the modi-fied vaccinia Ankara B and the recombinant canarypox virus) is to elicit an antigenic immune response to suppress viral replication in the absence ofART. Broadly neutralizing antibodies (such as VRC01 and 3BNC117) induce hostimmunity by targeting specific epitopes of HIV.. I am are also working on emerging strategies and evolving science regarding genetic modification have unlocked new approaches for HIV cure research. These approaches include using CRISPR and CAR T-cell technology. CRISPR enables DNA cleavage to occur prior to proviral ...

Viral vectors derived from different virus families, including poxvirus (canarypox virus vector ALVAC) and adenovirus (human Ad5 vector), have been widely used in vaccine development for a range of human diseases including HIV/AIDS. Less is known about the mechanisms underlying the host innate response to these vectors. Increasing evidence from clinical vaccine trials testing different viral vectors has suggested the importance of understanding basic elements of host-viral vector interactions. In this study, we investigated the innate interactions of APCs with two commonly used HIV vaccine vectors, ALVAC and Ad5, and identified AIM2 as an innate sensor for ALVAC, triggering strong inflammasome activation in both human and mouse APCs ...

موقعي كه زخم آبله در حنجره ايجاد مي شود، نفس كشيدن پرنده مشكل مي‌گردد. اغلب نفس نفس مي زند. اين حالت همزمان با ورود ويروس در خون ايجاد مي شود ولي اگر شدت ويروس و يا مقدار آن زياد باشد پرنده تلف مي‌گردد.. ترکیبات:. -ویال A (ویال جهت درمان موضعی):. Chloramphenicol…………… 4g. Excipient q.s. ………………100ml. -ویال B (ویال جهت درمان خوراکی):. Chloramphenicol…………….. 5,4g. Excipient q.s. ………………100ml. حیوانات هدف:. قناری، فنچ، طوطی، کبوتر و سایر پرندگان زینتی. میزان مصرف:. - تجویز در آب آشامیدنی ( ویال B) :. درمان می بایست در اولین زمان ممکن و از زمانی که احتمال بروز این بیماری وجود دارد، آغاز گردد.. میزان ...

IL-12 gene therapy may induce antitumor effects and potentially avoid the systemic toxicity associated with IL-12 protein immunotherapy (5, 27, 46-48). Prior studies have tested direct transfer of IL-12 cDNA into tumor, either using certain tumor cells engineered in vitro to release IL-12 (3, 30, 48) or using direct intratumoral injection of an adenovirus expressing IL-12 DNA (34) or a Canarypox virus expressing IL-12 vector (49). In addition, particle-mediated transfer of IL-12 cDNA was effectively used to treat murine tumors (2, 5, 28). All of these methods could inhibit tumor growth and induce antitumor immunity. Direct intratumoral injection of IL-12 cDNA, either naked or in complex with a liposome formulation, may provide an alternative, simpler, and safer gene transfer method compared with localized or systemic viral gene vector therapy. Liposomes have been used previously as a delivery agent incorporating nonviral plasmid vectors encoding other cytokine genes, including IL-2 and IL-4, to ...

Then the Thai government did an amazing thing: it acknowledged the importance of HIV, identified the source and instituted a prevention program, enforcing condom use in brothels. The impact was dramatic. Rates of infection declined precipitously and prevalence in sentinel populations fell. The epidemic was changing before a vaccine could be brought to the field. As incidence dropped, the trial had to become larger and compromises had to be introduced.. Initial plans called for optimizing both cellular and humoral HIV-specific responses using a prime-boost approach: a single prime (ALVAC-HIV, a CRF01-specific canarypox vaccine) was to be tested with three different boosts (subunit vaccines) in phase II trials from which the best regimen would be chosen for the Phase III trial. Shortly before the Phase II trials were complete, two of the manufacturers withdrew their products. The ALVAC-HIV + AIDSVAX B/E combination, the only regimen remaining, passed immunogenicity criteria for advancement to ...

Advanced ovarian cancer has the highest mortality rate among patients with cancers of the female reproductive system in the United States. Existing therapies fo...

Sanofi Pasteur announced the results of a Phase 3 trial with its HIV prime vaccine, ALVAC HIV (recombinant canarypox vCP1521) in combination with the booster AidsVax B/E (recombinant gp120 vaccine, from VaxGen).

A number of immune-based therapies continues to be developed to be able to boost or induce protective Compact disc8+ T cell responses to be able to control HIV replication. [10]. Sadly, these fresh vaccines and therapies usually do not deliver the expected success yet. For example, Autran et al. reported considerably elevated viral lots in chronically contaminated patients set alongside the placebo group after discontinuation of therapy pursuing immunization with vCP1452, the HIV-recombinant canarypox vaccine (ALVAC-HIV) [11]. Incredibly, individuals receiving more dosages from the vaccine rapidly required treatment resumption more. Analysis of the results immensely important how the vaccine didnt elicit protecting HIV-specific Compact disc8+ T cell reactions [12]. Moreover, primarily induction of triggered Compact disc4+ T cell reactions was proven in vaccines, which increased target cell availability and rendered patients even more vunerable to Volasertib distributor disease progression ...

Recommended Readings. Dhodapkar MV; Sznol M; Wang D, et al. 2010. Early development of CDX-1401, a novel vaccine targeting NY-ESO-1 to the dendritic cel receptor DEC-205. Journal of Immunotherapy. 33(8):895-896 Request Article from Markus Library. Wanialla CN; Faul EJ; Gomme EA, et al. 2010. Dendritic cells infected by recombinant rabies virus vaccine vector expressing HIV-1 Gag are immunogenic even in the presence of vector-specific immunity. Vaccine. 29(1):130-140. Fiorentini S; Giagulli C; Caccuri F, et al. 2010. HIV-1 matrix protein p17: a candidate antigen for therapeutic vaccines against AIDS. Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 128(3):433-444 Request Article from Markus Library.. De Groot A; Buhlmann J; Weber C, et al. 2010. De-Tolerization of anti-DEC-205 for HIV vaccine delivery. (abstract only) AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses. 26(10):A135-A136. Ahlers, JD; and IM Belyakov. 2009. Strategies for optimizing targeting and delivery of mucosal HIV vaccines. European Journal of Immunology. ...

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The inability of current HIV vaccine regimens to generate a broad neutralizing antibody response against primary isolates leaves a major gap in our vaccine armamentarium. There is broad consensus that generation of such antibodies at high titer in vaccinated individuals in combination with vectors that elicit strong cellular immune responses is desirable. Immunogens that recreate the native, trimeric envelope glycoprotein structure on a lipid membrane have the potential to avoid generating undesirable antibodies directed against epitopes on gp120 that are not exposed on native virions. Whether antibodies raised by such membrane-bound primary isolate Env complexes can elicit strong neutralizing antibody responses remains to be determined.. The primary goal of this study was to define the ability of Gag-Env pseudovirions to generate antibodies capable of neutralizing primary HIV-1 isolates. Pseudovirions represent one means of presenting the Env glycoprotein complex in its native form. One of the ...

A chemiluminescence study showed that hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) DNA amplicons are capable of induced radiation when exposed to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) that range from...

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Clortermine (Voranil) was developed by Ciba in the 1960s[1] and is an anorectic drug of the amphetamine class.[2] It is the 2-chloro analogue of the better known appetite suppressant phentermine, and is the 2-chloro positional isomer of chlorphentermine. Clortermine produces very low rates of self-administration in animals similarly to chlorphentermine,[3] and as a result it likely does not act on dopamine. Instead, it may act as a serotonin and/or norepinephrine releasing agent.[citation needed] ...

Download the PDF version here. WHO WE ARE AND WHAT WE BELIEVE IN. We, 60 activists, advocates, and representatives from youth-led, youth-serving, and youth-allied organisations from diverse social movements in Asia and the Pacific region, came together in Bangkok to call for sustainable solutions to eradicate poverty and promote prosperity in the region through an intersectional analysis and participatory approach. A multidimensional perspective on poverty necessitates addressing not only economic concerns, but also environmental sustainability, as well as social dimensions-such as youth leadership and empowerment, gender equality, health, education, freedom from violence, right to information and technology, and human rights, including of young people and women who are poor, people of diverse sexual orientation and gender identities and expressions, people with all forms of disability, people living with and affected by HIV, ethnic minorities and indigenous peoples, people living in remote, ...