The major growth driver for the global active calcium silicate market is the recent recovery in the construction industry after the economic recession. Increasing spending on the residential and commercial construction projects have positively influenced the global active calcium silicate market. The increasing demand for the passive fire protection and acoustic insulation are expected to spur the application of active calcium silicate in the future. Regulatory standards implemented by various regulatory bodies such as OSHA and NIOSH demand addition of extra safety features to the building structures and are expected to augment the active calcium silicate market. Active calcium silicate are mainly used in the building walls, blast furnaces, electric arc furnaces and oil refineries. Thus, the growing high temperature insulation application scope in the steel, glass and petrochemical industries propel the market of active calcium silicates. In addition to this, the introduction of products that ...

INTRODUCTION:. This study aimed to evaluate the push-out bond strength of NeoMTA Plus (NMTA), EndoSequence root repair material fast set putty (ERRMF), biodentine (BD), and ProRoot white mineral trioxide aggregate (PMTA) when used as perforation repair materials after exposure to 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) during the early setting phase.. METHODS:. Horizontal midroot sections were prepared from single-rooted human teeth. Sections (n = 144) were randomly divided into four groups: PMTA, BD, NMTA, and ERRMF. Materials were condensed and allowed to set for 10 minutes. The groups were further divided into two subgroups. The NaOCl group included specimens that were immersed in 2.5% NaOCl for 30 minutes, and the control group included specimens on which a wet cotton pellet was placed over the test material. After 48 hours, the highest force applied to the materials at the time of dislodgement was recorded. Slices were then examined under a digital microscope to evaluate the nature of the bond ...

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This contribution presents a new approach to rapid and low-temperature plasma-chemical crystallization of perovskite films. Chlorine-incorporated perovskite (MAPbI(3-x)Cl(x)) films were exposed to diffuse atmospheric hydrogen (H-2) plasma immediately after their deposition. Several types of surface characterization techniques were used to investigate the effect of the H-2 plasma on the surface of the perovskite films. Since the H-2 plasma was generated at a low temperature (,= 70 degrees C), there was no considerable damage to the plasma-treated perovskite films-although the morphology and chemistry changed significantly. H-2 plasma had a range of effects on the surface of the perovskite films: (1) changes in the chemical composition of the perovskite surface without removal of lead; (2) modification of the optoelectrical band structure; (3) crystallization of the perovskite film; and (4) the grain of the surface became highly ordered. The results presented demonstrate that H-2 plasma is a rapid ...

18/8/2020· @article{osti_22220834, title = {Kinetics of calcium sulfoaluminate formation from tricalcium aluminate, calcium sulfate and calcium oxide}, author = {Li, Xuerun and Zhang, Yu and Shen, Xiaodong and Wang, Qianqian and Pan, Zhigang}, abstractNote = {The formation kinetics of tricalcium aluminate (C{sub 3}A) and calcium sulfate yielding calcium sulfoaluminate (C{sub 4}A{sub 3}$) and … ...

Interaction between salts (NaCl, CsCl) and calcium silicate hydrates (C-S-H). Application of (super 29)Si homonuclear and (super 1)H-(super 29)Si heteronuclear NMR correlation to structural studies of calcium silicate hydrates

The present invention relates to a regenerative material in the connective tissues (such as bone, dentin or pulp) regeneration field. More precisely, the present invention relates to a connective tissue regenerative material, preferably a bone, dentin or pulp regenerative material, comprising: - a porous polymer matrix having interconnected pores; and - non-hydrated calcium silicate particles; wherein: said polymer matrix is anhydrous; said non-hydrated calcium silicate particles have a dso granulometry, preferably ranging from 0.05 iim to less than the average diameter size of the pores of the matrix; and said non-hydrated calcium silicate particles being coated on the inside walls of the pores of the matrix. The present invention also relates to method for preparing said connective tissue regenerative material. The present invention also concerns uses of said regenerative materials, such as for example in the dental field; especially, for providing regenerative materials with improved

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Congratulations! You have found the Portland cement Forum on Forum Jar. This forum is a place where people who are interested in Portland cement come together and discuss about Portland cement. Please use the message board below to post anything related to Portland cement . If you are interested in other similar forums, please check out the Related Forums section on the right. If you like this forum, please dont forget to tell your friends about Forum Jar ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - In vitro evaluation of dentin tubule occlusion for novel calcium lactate phosphate (CLP) paste. AU - Yang, Jen Chang. AU - Hu, Hsin Tai. AU - Lee, Sheng Yang. AU - Hsieh, Sung Chih. AU - Huang, Pei Chi. AU - Ma, Chen Feng. AU - Ji, Dian Yu. AU - Chang, Liang Yu. AU - Teng, Nai Chia. PY - 2017. Y1 - 2017. N2 - Introduction: The objective of this in vitro study is to evaluate the effective and long-term occlusion of dentinal tubules using a novel calcium lactate phosphate (CLP) based desensitizing agent. Methods: Dentin disks (n = 9) were pre-etched using 1 M lactic acid for 30 s and individually treated with Colgate® Pro-Relief™ paste, CLP paste, and double distilled water (ddH2O) by a rubber-cupped handpiece. Dentin disks were analyzed under optical micrographs for pre-treatment, directly after treatment, and 14 days post-treatment. One-way ANOVA and post-hoc Tukeys test were used to determine whether there were any statistically significant differences in dentinal tubule ...

During the administration of general anaesthesia, the gases expired by a patient, which contain carbon dioxide, are passed through an anaesthetic machine breathing circuit filled with soda lime granules.[1] Medical-grade soda lime includes an indicating dye that changes color when the soda lime reaches its carbon dioxide absorbing capacity. To ensure that a soda lime canister (CO2 absorber) is functioning properly, it should not be used if the indicating dye is activated. Standard anaesthesia machines typically contain up to 2 kg of soda lime granules. Lithium hydroxide (LiOH) is the alkali hydroxide with the lowest molecular weight (24 g/mol; Li: 7 g/mol) and is therefore used as CO2 absorbent in space flights since the Apollo program to spare weight at launch. During Apollo 13 flight, the crew sheltered in the lunar module started suffering from high CO2 levels and had to adapt spare absorbent cartridges from the Apollo capsule to the LEM system. Recent generation of CO2 absorbents have been ...

The manufacturing technique involves adding a small amount of indium to a titanium oxide electron transport layer. According to the research, published in the journal Advanced Energy Materials, indium-doping improves both the conductivity of the transport layer and the band alignment at the perovskite interface compared to pure titanium oxide.. The prospect of adding a few additional processing steps at the end of a silicon cell production line to make perovskite cells is very exciting and could boost solar efficiency from 25 per cent to 30 per cent, said Dr Tom White from the ANU Research School of Engineering.. Perovskite cells are good at converting visible light into electricity, while conventional silicon cells perform better with infrared light. Hybrid cells that use a combination of both materials have the potential to significantly improve the overall efficiency of solar technology.. By combining these two cells, the perovskite cell and the silicon cell, we are able to make much ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Unveiling the Nanoparticle-Seeded Catalytic Nucleation Kinetics of Perovskite Solar Cells by Time-Resolved GIXS. AU - Lin, Chung Yao. AU - Li, Shao Sian. AU - Chang, Je Wei. AU - Chia, Hao Chung. AU - Hsiao, Yu Yun. AU - Su, Chun Jen. AU - Lian, Bing Jun. AU - Wen, Cheng Yen. AU - Huang, Shao Ku. AU - Wu, Wei Ru. AU - Wang, Di Yan. AU - Su, An Chung. AU - Chen, Chun Wei. AU - Jeng, U. Ser. PY - 2019/1/1. Y1 - 2019/1/1. N2 - Recently, a new seeding growth approach for perovskite thin films is reported to significantly enhance the device performance of perovskite solar cells. This work unveils the intermediate structures and the corresponding growth kinetics during conversion to perovskite crystal thin films assisted by seeding PbS nanocrystals (NCs), using time-resolved grazing-incidence X-ray scattering. Through analyses of time-resolved crystal formation kinetics obtained from synchrotron X-rays with a fast subsecond probing time resolution, an important catalytic role of the ...

NeoMTA Plus is a stainproof, tricalcium silicate-based bioactive cement that can be used universally for vital pulp and other endodontic indications in primary and permanent teeth. NeoMTA Plus is a bioceramic cement that triggers the healing process. With NeoMTA Plus, general dentists, pediatric dentists, and endodontists now have a superior and reasonably priced bioceramic. Dentists praise the multi-use NeoMTA Plus because it mixes more smoothly, is easier to dispense and the unique gel enables more stable placement, washout resistance and faster clinical setting.. New, stain-free light color:. Ideal for pediatric dentistry-wont discolor ...

It has been noted that, in tropical conditions, it was not necessary to heat the molasses in order to obtain a good block when 10 percent of calcium oxide was used as a gelling agent. This observation is of primary importance when blocks are manufactured in a unit separate from the sugar factory as was the case in Senegal.. The cold process involves a horizontal paddle mixer, with double axes, which is used to mix, in the following order of introduction, molasses (50 percent), urea (10 percent), salt (5 percent), calcium oxide (10 percent) and bran (25 percent). The mixture is then poured into moulds (plastic masons pails or a frame made of four boards 2.5 m x 0.2 m). After about 15 hours, blocks may be removed from the mould and they may be transported by truck after 2 days.. Calcium oxide may be replaced by cement, but when cement is used it is important to mix it previously with about 40 percent of its weight in water, and common salt to be included in the block. This ensures its binding ...

Calcium Silicate Definition - Calcium silicate is a chemical compound composed of calcium and silica with the chemical formula Ca2SiO4 that is...

This study evaluates the biological properties of a new pulp capping material developed from Portland cement. This study was conducted on 48 teeth in 4 dogs (12 teeth/dog). The dogs were classified into two equal groups (n=24 teeth) according to the evaluation period including: group A (3 weeks) and group B (3 months). Each group was further subdivided into three equal subgroups (n=8 teeth) according to the capping material including: subgroup 1: mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), subgroup2: Portland cement+10% calcium hydroxide+20% bismuth oxide (Port Cal) and subgroup 3: Portland cement+bismuth oxide. After general anesthesia, a class V buccal cavity was prepared coronal to the gingival margin. After pulp exposure and hemostasis,the capping materials and glass ionomer filling were placed on the exposure sites. All histopathological findings, inflammatory cell count and dentin bridge formation were recorded. Data were analyzed statistically. After 3 months, the histopathological picture of the ...

Certain perovskite compounds are candidates for better and cheaper solar cells. Their crystal lattice is formed by organic methylammonium cations (MA+) surrounded by heavy metal atoms (lead or tin) and atoms like iodine. The best perovskite solar cells today are realized with lead. In just 10 years of research, the efficiency of these solar cells in the laboratory has been increased from 4 percent (2009) to over 25 percent (2019). However, lead is toxic and must not enter the food chain. On the other hand, very little lead is needed for a solar module: a square meter perovskite solar module contains only 0.8 grams of lead, which is very little compared to other technical sources of lead (e.g., in batteries).. Now, a team led by Prof. Antonio Abate at the Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin has designed a study to investigate this risk. They cooperated with plant scientists from the Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, China, where the experiments were carried out, and with a group from the ...

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0048]The calcium salt, calcium oxide, calcium silicate, and calcium phosphate compounds include a powder consisting of particles which are hydrophilic and which set in the presence of different kinds of water base solutions. The fact that water is principal for hardening reaction offers a significant advantage over many of other commonly used endodontic filling materials by allowing the cement to set in the wet environment of the body. Generally, the solutions can be divided in numerous groups based on the mechanism by which the solutions accelerate the cement setting reactions and its final properties and products. Mixing the cement with distil or deionize water is the beginning phase of the complex reactions which results a colloidal gel yields a product that self-sets at the ambient or body temperatures to some stable substances such as calcium silicate hydrate and hydroxyapatite. The use of certain calcium and phosphate precursor cement slurry compositions results in a cement which forms the ...

This section has a crossreference ( See Adverse Reactions) Excessive dosage of calcium acetate induces hypercalcemia; therefore, early in the treatment during dosage adjustment serum calcium should be determined twice weekly. Should hypercalcemia develop, the dosage should be reduced or the treatment discontinued immediately depending on the severity of hypercalcemia. Calcium acetate should not be given to patients on digitalis, because hypercalcemia may precipitate cardiac arrhythmias. Calcium acetate therapy should always be started at low dose and should not be increased without careful monitoring of serum calcium. An estimate of daily calcium intake should be made initially and the intake adjusted as needed. Serum phosphorus should also be determined periodically.. The patients should be informed about compliance with dosage instructions, adherence to instructions about diet and avoidance of the use of nonprescription antacids. Patients should be informed about the symptoms of hypercalcemia ...

Each 100ml contains : Carbohydrate 12gm + Glucose 1.35mg + Sodium Citrate 290mg + Potassium Chloride 150mg + Sodium Chloride 260mg + Vitamin C 40mg + Magnesium Sulphate 100mg + Calcium Lactate...

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Limestone  Limestone is a rock that is made mainly of calcium carbonate, CaCO 3  Some types of limestone were formed from the remains of tiny animals and plants that lived in the seas millions of years ago  When it is heated, it breaks down to form calcium oxide and carbon dioxide  Calcium oxide reacts with water to produce calcium hydroxide  Limestone and its products have many uses, including being used to make mortar, cement, concrete and glass

In Texas, Rice University researchers developed packed, micron-scale calcium silicate spheres that could lead to stronger and greener concrete, the worlds most-used synthetic material. Many have been looking for biobased alternatives to concrete, but these spheres could help mitigate the energy-intensive techniques now used to make cement, the most common binder in concrete.. The researchers formed the spheres in a solution around nanoscale seeds of a common detergent-like surfactant. The spheres can be prompted to self-assemble into solids that are stronger, harder, more elastic and more durable than ubiquitous Portland cement. The spheres are also suitable for bone-tissue engineering, insulation, ceramic and composite applications as well as cement. ...

Everything you need to know about Portland Cement, Raw Materials, Composition and Necessity of Proportioning. This is an Ultimate Guide to Portland Cement.

Limestone is mainly calcium carbonate, CaCO3, which when heated breaks down to form calcium oxide and carbon dioxide. Calcium oxide reacts with water to produce calcium hydroxide. Limestone and its products have many uses, including being used to make cement, mortar and concrete.. ...

325 Journal of Oral Science, Vol. 49, No. 4, , 2007 Case Report Endodontic treatment with MTA apical plugs: a case report Pari Ghaziani 1), Navid Aghasizadeh 2) and Mahshid Sheikh-Nezami 1) 1) Department

Solar cells made with films mimicking the structure of the mineral perovskite are the focus of worldwide research. But only now have researchers at Case Western Reserve University directly shown the films bear a key property allowing them to efficiently convert sunlight into electricity.. Identifying that attribute could lead to more efficient solar panels.. Electrons generated when light strikes the film are unrestricted by grain boundaries - the edges of crystalline subunits within the film - and travel long distances without deteriorating, the researchers showed. That means electric charge carriers that become trapped and decay in other materials are instead available to be drawn off as current.. The scientists directly measured the distance traveled-called diffusion length - for the first time by using the technique called spatially scanned photocurrent imaging microscopy. Diffusion length within a well-oriented perovskite film measured up to 20 micrometers.. The findings, published in the ...

Perovskite photodetectors (PPDs), which combine the advantages of perovskite semiconductor materials with superior optical and electronic properties and solution-processed manufacturing, have emerged as a new class of revolutionary optoelectronic devices with potential for various practical applications. Enc Recent Review Articles 2019 Journal of Materials Chemistry C HOT Papers International Year of the Periodic Table : From Pb and Sn Perovskites to the Next Generation

The vast majority of perovskite solar cell research has focused on organic-inorganic lead trihalide perovskites. Herein, we present working inorganic CsPbI3 perovskite solar cells for the first time. CsPbI3 normally resides in a yellow non-perovskite phase at room temperature, but by careful processing contr 2015 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Most Accessed Manuscripts

Researchers from the University of Bath and Imperial College London have shown in a new report how the careful selection of layers within perovskite can prevent against degradation, potentially paving the way for the development of high-performance solar cells.. The report, which was published in the journal Nature Communications, aimed to show how to increase the longevity of tin-based perovskites, to help develop the material without lead. Although lead is less reactive to ambient conditions, solar manufacturers are increasingly trying to work with less toxic materials to create solar systems that are both safe and stable.. As the report notes, the widespread commercial scale up of lead perovskite solar cells raises concerns in relation to potential health and environmental hazards that their Pb content may cause.. The researchers found that perovskites using tin instead of lead degrade to tin iodide, and then when this is exposed to moisture and oxygen, forms iodine, causing more tin iodide ...

EPFL scientists have produced a data-driven proposal for standardizing the measurements of perovskite solar cell stability and degradation. Published in Nature Energy, the work aims to create consensus in the field and overcome one of the major hurdles on the way to commercializing perovskite photovoltaics.

Realizing higher efficiencies during the last year, perovskite solar cells have become more and more commercially viable.. ISRA VISION provides automated optical inspection for every production step of perovskite tandem solar cells. Our systems reliably monitor texturing, coating, screen printing, and final sorting. With the Central Recipe Tool, you simplify your multiline management, and parallel line ramp-ups become fast and efficient ...

Fly ash or flue ash also known as pulverised fuel ash in the United Kingdom or coal combustion residuals (CCRs) is a coal combustion product that is composed of the particulates (fine particles of burned fuel) that are driven out of coal-fired boilers together with the flue gases.Ash that falls to the bottom of the boiler s combustion chamber (commonly called a firebox) is called bottom ash.. Chat Online ...

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The Amazing Acid Resistance of Potassium Silicate Concrete. You may not even notice potassium silicate concretes most amazing performance feat. Properly mixed and applied, you wont notice any sign of weakening after it is exposed to some of the strongest acids for days, weeks, or months on end. Unlike Portland Cement based concrete, potassium silicate based polymer concrete is resistant to immersion in all concentrations of nitric, hydrochloric, phosphoric acids, and sulfuric acids, including oleum. And with compressive strengths hovering around 4,000 psi, with appropriate design, it can be used for structural applications such as footings and foundations in acid-contaminated brownfield sites. What makes potassium silicate concrete resistant to acid? Lets first examine why Portland Cement based concrete is not resistant to acid. Portland Cement, the binder that holds the aggregate in concrete together is an alkaline material that reacts with acid. This reaction between the Portland Cement ...

A lime kiln is a kiln used for the calcination of limestone (calcium carbonate) to produce the form of lime called quicklime (calcium oxide). The chemical equation for this reaction is CaCO3 + heat → CaO + CO2 This reaction takes place at 900 °C (1650 °F; at which temperature the partial pressure of CO2 is 1 atmosphere), but a temperature around 1000 °C (1800 °F; at which temperature the partial pressure of CO2 is 3.8 atmospheres) is usually used to make the reaction proceed quickly. Excessive temperature is avoided because it produces unreactive, dead-burned lime. Slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) can be formed by mixing water with quicklime. Because it is so readily made by heating limestone, lime must have been known from the earliest times, and all the early civilizations used it in building mortars and as a stabilizer in mud renders and floors. Knowledge of its value in agriculture is also ancient, but agricultural use only became widely possible when the use of coal made it cheap in ...

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What is Calcium Acetate? Calcium acetate is a calcium salt that has many unique uses ranging from a dietary supplement to a food stabilizer commonly used in candy. It can be made by soaking calcium carbonate (which can be found in eggshells or limestone) in vinegar and commonly forms into white crystals. Calcium Acetat

Gypsum vs Lime. Gypsum is a mineral that is composed of calcium sulphate. It occurs in nature as flattened and often its crystals will be twinned with transparent cleavable masses known as selenite. At times it may occur as a silky, fibrous form known as spar or other times it may be granular. The occurrence of gypsum called alabaster is a very fine grained variety that is used in all sorts of ornamental work. Gypsum can also occur in an opaque, flower-like form containing some sand grains embedded within. The natural crystals of gypsum in the selenite form are some of the largest known in nature.. The term Lime is a general term for calcium containing inorganic materials predominantly containing carbonates, oxides and hydroxides. However, in strict terms, Lime is calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide. Lime was originally used as building mortar and has ability to adhere to surfaces. Many lime products are widely used for building purposes and in agriculture as chemical feedstock. Calcium carbonate ...

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Chronic periapical lesions in necrotic teeth with open apex are difficult to manage. The situation becomes more complex if the tooth has a fracture line. This case report describes the management of a traumatised tooth that had already undergone unsuccessful endodontic treatment with a large periapical lesion and open apex along with a fracture line in the root. An attempt was made to save the tooth by using mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) cement for orthograde filling, retrograde filling and also for sealing of the fracture line. Moreover, the bone defect was filled with autogenous bone harvested from the external oblique ridge. MTA, a bioactive tricalcium silicate cement, has been used in treating complex endodontic cases as it shows promising potential by inducing the biological mechanisms necessary for repair of involved teeth. A 1-year follow-up showed progressive healing as evident by radiographs and lack of any clinical signs and symptoms. ...

The purpose of this in vitro study is to compare the antimicrobial effect and pH of two calcium silicate cements Mineral trioxide aggregate high plasticity (Angelus PR, Brazil) and iRoot BP Plus (BioCeramix Inc., Vancouver, BC, Canada) and new bioactive restorative resin composite restorative material (ACTIVA, MA, Pulpdent, USA) against aerobic bacteria, strictly anaerobic bacteria and a yeast by using an agar diffusion test. The materials were tested immediately after manipulation and were applied to the agar plates. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) 5.25% was used as a positive control group. The dry filter paper acted as a negative control group for this study. The size of the inhibition zone for each material was measured after 12, 24 and 48 h. At the time of pH measurement; materials were prepared, crushed then dispersed in distilled water. The one-way Anova test revealed that iRoot BP Plus significantly showed superior antimicrobial efficacy compared to MTA-HP against the following species;

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Calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) is made by mixing calcium hydroxide (portlandite), silica and water at two calcium oxide to silica (C/S) ratios, using nanosilica and silica fume. We investigate how silica particle size influences the rate and extent of formation of C-S-H at room temperature by isothermal calorimetry, thermal analysis, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Rate of reaction increases as silica particle size decreases, and is five times greater with nanosilica than with silica fume. Final composition depends only on initial C/S ratio. Compositions at 28 days are estimated from thermogravimetric and X-ray diffraction data. There is a weak maximum in the reaction rate of nanosilica pastes about 20-30 h after mixing. The overall kinetics are well described by a simple exponential (first-order) reaction model. The early-time reaction rate around the rate maximum is described by an Avrami model.. ...

Using poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) as hole conductor, a series of inverted planar CH3NH3PbI3−xClx perovskite solar cells (PSCs) were fabricated based on perovskite annealed by an improved time-temperature dependent (TTD) procedure in a flowing nitrogen atmosphere for different time. Only after an optimum annealing time, an optimized power conversion efficiency of 14.36% could be achieved. To understand their performance dependence on annealing time, an in situ real-time synchrotron-based grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) was used to monitor a step-by-step gradual structure transformation from distinct mainly organic-inorganic hybrid materials into highly ordered CH3NH3PbI3 crystal during annealing. However, a re-crystallization process of perovskite crystal was observed for the first time during such an annealing procedure, which helps to enhance the perovskite crystallization and preferential orientations. The present GIXRD findings could well explain

Excellent treatment outcomes occurred in molar teeth with irreversible pulpitis undergoing pulpotomy with MTA and CEM biomaterial

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Calcium hydroxide, traditionally called slaked lime, hydrated lime, slack lime, or pickling lime, is a chemical compound with the chemical formula Ca(OH)2. It is a colourless crystal or white powder, and is obtained when calcium oxide (called lime or quicklime) is mixed, or slaked with water. It can also be precipitated by mixing an aqueous solution of calcium chloride and an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide. The name of the natural, mineral form is portlandite. It is a relatively rare mineral, known from some volcanic, plutonic, and metamorphic rocks. It has also been known to arise in burning coal dumps.. When heated to 512 °C, the partial pressure of water in equilibrium with calcium hydroxide reaches 101 kPa and decomposes into calcium oxide and water.[1]. A suspension of fine calcium hydroxide particles in water is called milk of lime. The solution is called lime water and is a medium strength base that reacts violently with acids and attacks many metals in presence of water. It ...

Based on numerical results from density-functional perturbation theory calculations, we show that the magnetic spin transition in Fe2+-rich MgSiO3 perovskite can be identified as changes in the powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern and the vibrational spectra. In particular theory predicts how the symmetry breaking and the volume reduction associated with the spin transition affects both structural and vibrational properties. The XRD measurements of (Mg0.5Fe0.5)SiO3 perovskite indeed demonstrated that the new diffraction peaks and the peak broadening formed during the spin transition can be explained by the associated symmetry breaking. We also show computationally that certain vibrational peaks exhibit a shift at the transition; the Grüneisen parameters of certain modes are affected by the transition, thus bearing on the thermodynamical properties. Raman and/or infrared measurements before and after the spin transition could identify these changes. ...

There is disclosed a bone substitute material for medical use which satisfies all the requirements of (1) no histotoxicity, (2) osteoconductivity, (3) bone replacement capability, and (4) mechanical strength necessary for a bone reconstruction operation. The bone substitute material for medical use is predominantly composed of carbonate apatite and produced through the formation of carbonate apatite by contacting a block of calcium compound with a phosphate-containing solution, wherein the calcium compound block contains substantially no powders, and at least one of said calcium compound block and said phosphate solution contains a carbonate group, without any sintering. The block of calcium compound is preferably one prepared using an artificially synthesized calcium compound, most preferably a foamed calcium compound.

Mixed halide Perovskite solar cells are commonly produced by depositing PbCl2 and CH3NH3I from a common solvent followed by thermal annealing, which in an up-scaled manufacturing process is likely to take place under ambient conditions. However, it has been reported that, similar to the effects of thermal annealing, ambient humidity also affects the crystallisation behaviour and subsequent growth of the Perovskite films. This implies that both of these factors must be accounted for in solar cell production. In this work, we report for the first time the correlation between the annealing time, relative humidity and device performance for inverted, mixed halide CH3NH3PbI(3-x)Clx Perovskite solar cells with active area ≈1 cm2. We find a trade-off between ambient humidity and the required annealing time to produce efficient solar cells, with low humidities needing longer annealing times and vice-versa. At around 20% RH, device performance depends relatively weakly on annealing time, but at higher ...

The present work was initiated to study the synthesis and properties of lanthanum gallate based oxides as intermediate temperature electrolyte for solid oxide fuel cells. The wet chemical method, polymer complexing route, was used to prepare the precursor powders. To further investigate the polymer complexing method, it was also applied to the preparation of lanthanum aluminate based oxides.. Single perovskite phase La0.8Sr0.2Ga0.83Mg0.17O2.815 can be prepared by the polymer complexing method using PVA as complexing agent. The thermal decomposition of the precursor powder undergoes three stages. While complete decomposition of the precursor is obtained at 1000°C. Further investigation of LaGaO3 doped with various amounts Sr or/and Mg was conducted. Three secondary phases were identified by X-ray diffraction, e.g. LaSrGaO4, LaSrGa3O7 and La4Ga2O9. The relative amount of these secondary phases depends on the doping compositions. Sr doping produced more Sr rich secondary phases with increasing ...

The Portland Cement Company site is 71 acres of land near 1000 South Redwood Road in Salt Lake City. The site is situated in a mixed commercial and industrial area bordered by agricultural land.. Between 1963 and 1983, approximately 500,000 cubic yards of cement kiln dust (CKD) were collected from the Portland Cement Plant in Salt Lake City and deposited as fill material at the site. CKD contains several heavy metals, including arsenic, lead, chromium, and cadmium.. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) placed the site on the Superfund National Priorities List (NPL) in June 1986. Documents: ...

FORAGE CROPS Chemical composition and fermentative losses of sugar cane ensilage with different Brix degrees, with or without calcium oxide1 1 Partially funded by Fapemig/INCT de Ciência Animal. Correspondig author: [email protected] Felipe Antunes MagalhãesI; Sebastião de Campos Valadares FilhoII; Gustavo Chamon de Castro MenezesI; Marcelo Grossi MachadoIII; Diego ZanettiIV; Douglas dos Santos PinaV; Odilon Gomes PereiraII; Mário Fonseca PaulinoII IPrograma de Mestrado em Zootecnia UFV IIDepartamento de Zootecnia UFV. Membro do INCT Ciência Animal IIICurso de graduação em Zootecnia UFV. Bolsista de IC da Fapemig IVCurso de graduação em Zootecnia UFV. Bolsista de IC do INCT Ciência Animal VInstituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais UFMT. ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of sugar cane ensilage with different Brix degrees, with or without the addition of 0.5% of calcium oxide (lime) on the chemical composition and fermentation losses of silages. A ...

Global Fused Calcium Aluminate Cement Market Research Report 2017 Global Fused Calcium Aluminate Cement Market Research Report 2017 Fused Calcium Aluminate Cement Report by Material, Application, - Market research report and industry analysis - 10776608

Samples of calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) are prepared using either silica fume (SF) or nano-silica (NS) at different calcium to silicate ratio (0.81 molar and 2.4 molar). Experiments are thermal analysis, such as heat of hydration, calorimetry, Raman, X-Ray analysis (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Results are organised in MS Excel files and workbooks. Samples are denoted according the acronyms above reported for each technique used ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Doped Perovskite Oxide, PrMnO3, as a New Cathode for Solid‐Oxide Fuel Cells that Decreases the Operating Temperature. AU - Ishiham, Tatsumi. AU - Kudo, Takanari. AU - Matsuda, Hideaki. AU - Takita, Yusaku. PY - 1994/1/1. Y1 - 1994/1/1. N2 - Cathodic overpotentials of Ln0.6Sr0.4MnO3 (Ln is La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Yb, and Y) were studied for a new cathode for solid‐oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) with low overpotentials in a relatively‐low‐temperature region. Cathodic overpotentials strongly depended on the rare‐earth cations in the A sites of the perovskite oxide. In particular, overpotentials of a Sr‐doped PrMnO3 cathode maintained low values despite decreased operating temperature. Consequently, almost the same power density of a SOFC with Ln0.6Sr0.4MnO3 cathode was obtained at about 100 K lower operating temperature by using Sr‐doped PrMnO3 as the cathode.. AB - Cathodic overpotentials of Ln0.6Sr0.4MnO3 (Ln is La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Yb, and Y) were studied for a new cathode for ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Utilizing MVAD method to optimize crystallization and nanostructured surface of the perovskite film: Toward electroluminescent and ultraviolet photodetective bifunctional optoelectronics. AU - Zhou, Dianli. AU - Zheng, Yifan. AU - Wang, Xiaolin. AU - Guo, Hao. AU - Yu, Junsheng. N1 - KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2020-10-01 Acknowledgements: This work was supported by the financial support from National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2018YFB0407100-02), National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Grant Nos. 61421002, 61675041 & 51703019), the China Scholarship Council (Grant No. 201706070043). D. Zhou also appreciates Prof. Osman M. Bakr at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) for his helpful suggestion and discussion for this work.. PY - 2019/1/30. Y1 - 2019/1/30. N2 - Metal-halide perovskite of MAPbBr3, by exhibiting several remarkable optoproperties such as tunable energy bandgap, high absorption coefficients, high color purity, ...

About this substance This section provides an overview of the calculated volume at which the substance is manufactured or imported to the European Economic Area (EU28 + Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway). Additionally, if available, information on the use of the substance and how consumers and workers are likely to be exposed to it can also be displayed here.. The use information is displayed per substance life cycle stage (consumer use, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites or in manufacturing). The information is aggregated from the data coming from REACH substance registrations provided by industry.. For a detailed overview on identified uses and environmental releases, please consult the registered substance factsheet.. Use descriptors are adapted from ECHA guidance to improve readability and may not correspond textually to descriptor codes described in Chapter R.12: Use Descriptor system of ECHA Guidance on information ...

We sell Yttrium Aluminate nano powders, Yttrium Aluminate nanopowders, Yttrium Aluminate nanoparticles, nanoscale materials, nanopowder, nanoparticles, Carbon

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Publications » Use of optimal mixture-process designs and response surface models to study properties of calcium silicate units ...

Global and Chinese Calcium Acetate Industry, 2016 Market Research Report The Global and Chinese Calcium Acetate Industry, 2016 Market Research Report is a professional and - Market research report and industry analysis - 9992821

Other forms include true lime (calcium oxide), and slaked, builders, or hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide).True lime is highly caustic making handling for gardeners not worth the trouble.Hydrated lime is sometimes sold to home gardeners, but it has more neutralizing power than limestone meaning you should apply about two-thirds the.

The report generally describes white mineral oil, examines its uses, production methods, patents. White Mineral Oil market situation is overviewed;

For the TEM specimen preparation, a small aliquot of the C-S-H dispersion was transferred on a copper formvar/carbon grid in argon atmosphere by blotting with a filter paper. The C-S-H crystals were pestled, dispersed in absolute ethanol, and blotted onto a TEM grid. The TEM used was a Zeiss Libra 120, which operates with a 120-kV LaB6 emitter with Koehler illumination and a resolution of 0.34 nm.. For cryo-TEM, an aliquot of the colloidal solution was spread on a lacey carbon grid by blotting with a filter paper. The resulting thin film was vitrified by quickly plunging the grid into liquid ethane at its freezing point. Specimens were examined at temperatures around 90 K. Collected images were processed with a background subtraction routine, and where appropriate, a smoothing filter was applied to reduce noise. The measurements were performed at the University of Bayreuth with a Zeiss EM922 EF microscope, operated at 200 kV, and equipped with a Gatan CT3500 cryo-transfer holder. Images were ...

ASTM C452 accelerated sulfate resistance tests were performed using 10 ASTM Type V portland cements mixed with sufficient gypsum to obtain 7% sulfur trioxide co

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Using ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) under different alkaline conditions, we studied the mechanisms and extents of Cr(VI) reduction and sorption and compared them to reactions with Portland cement (PC). We also investigated the effects of mixing PC/GGBS ratios on Cr(VI) dissolution after carbonating the substrates. We observed a complete sorption and reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) in a GGBS-in-Ca(OH)2 solution (pH > ~12.5) after 10 h, whereas in distilled water (pH = ~11.5) GGBS exhibited only marginal sorption and reduction (20%). Cr reactions with dissolved ions in supernatants derived from GGBS indicated that the anions dissolved from GGBS act as a reducing agent for Cr(VI) in a Ca(OH)2 solution. Soft X-ray absorption microscopy identified a partial reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) on the GGBS surface. The carbonation of pure PC paste substantially increased the amount of dissolved Cr(VI) in a solution phase whereas a 5 wt % replacement of PC with GGBS significantly reduced the amount

Applied Materials and Electronics Engineering: Porosity and Permeability Analysis of Sludge Stabilised with Fly Coal Ash and Portland Cement

In 2019, Import of Portland Cement, White or White Artificially Coloured to Ecuador was 2433567 US Dollars. Discover more data with NationMaster!

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The results of a NIOSH investigation at a portland cement manufacturing plant (SIC-3241), carried out at the request of the local labor union and in accordance with the Health Hazard Evaluation (HHE) program, were reported. The HHE request pertained to the water blasting of the preheat tower, carried out by two kiln assistants on each of four rotating shifts. A total of 34 wet bulb globe temperatu

Perovskite (PS) solar cells have emerged as a promising technology for low-cost and efficient photovoltaics. However, the main limiting factors are related to their low long-term stability. The loss of performance of these devices is commonly attributed to degradation of the PS itself. In order to further explore the origins of such limited stability, we have developed UV-vis spectroscopy studies that clearly demonstrate that PS layers remain unalterable under the working conditions. On the contrary, significant variations in the absorption spectra of the Spiro-OMeTAD layer (Spiro), a commonly used hole transporting material (HTM), indicate that the loss of performance over the irradiation time are attributed to the degradation of Spiro. UV-vis measurements evidence a photo-induced oxidation of Spiro, both under air and inert atmosphere. This photo-oxidation is accelerated by the commonly employed additives of the Spiro (LiTFSI and tBP), as well as by the interfacial contact with the electron ...

If you have a question about this talk, please contact Ian Farnan.. Joint with Materials Sciences. There is renewed interest in the properties of hetero- and homophase boundaries in the perovskite oxide SrTiO3 because of this materials possible application in all-oxide electronics, as a high-k dielectric, and in resistive-switching devices. In this talk I focus on the interplay between point defects and interfaces (grain boundaries and surfaces) in acceptor-doped SrTiO3. Experimental results obtained for various symmetrical low-angle [001] tilt grain boundaries are presented. The results are examined within a thermodynamic framework that allows the properties of grain boundaries in acceptor-doped SrTiO3 to be predicted. The aim is to derive relationships between the crystallographic structure of an interface and its transport properties. The second part of the talk concerns non-uniform defect distributions at the (100) surface of SrTiO3. A method for probing such non-uniform defect ...

Perovskite solar cells are named after the structure of the material used to make them. Cells made with these materials have seen a dramatic efficiency improvement over the past few years. Combine that with a potentially much cheaper manufacturing process, and perovskites are becoming very attractive to the commercial market very quickly.. However, there are environmental and economical issues that we need to overcome before perovskite solar cells can be ready for the market, said Dong Hoe Kim, a researcher at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in Golden, Colorado. He was part of the collaborative effort with a Korean group that published a paper on perovskite solar cells this spring in the journal Nature Communications.. Despite the potential advantages of perovskite solar cells, their relatively shorter lifespan is a significant hindrance, although researchers are working to extend that as well. There is, however, a way to get around the problem-effective recycling.. FTO (fluorine ...

Solar cells based on perovskite compounds could soon make electricity generation from sunlight even more efficient and cheaper. The laboratory efficiency of these perovskite solar cells already exceeds that of the well-known silicon solar cells. An international team led by Stefan Weber from the Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research (MPI-P) in Mainz has found microscopic structures in perovskite crystals that can guide the charge transport in the solar cell. Clever alignment of these electron highways could make perovskite solar cells even more powerful. ...

Search and download thousands of Swedish university dissertations (essays). Full text. Free. Dissertation: A theoretical study of proton dynamics in perovskite structured oxides.

Page contains details about 4-tert-butylpyridine/bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide lithium salt-doped BTPA-TCNE-based perovskite solar cell . It has composition images, properties, Characterization methods, synthesis, applications and reference articles : nano.nature.com

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Researchers at Brown University have developed a new method for making solar cells from perovskite - a faster, more straightforward method that can produce flexible, high-efficiency, thinner cells.

a. White powder or colorless crystals; CaCO3 . One of the most stable, common, and widely dispersed of materials. It occurs in nature as aragonite, calcite, chalk, limestone, lithographic stone, marble, marl, and travertine. Referred to as whiting, it has many uses in ceramics to introduce calcium oxide (CaO). Also used as a separator in glass firing. CCD, 2; Lee; Kinney b. Calcium carbonate (molecular weight, 100.09) crystallizes in two crystal systems: hexagonal rhombohedral or hexagonal as calcite, and orthorhombic as aragonite. Hexagonal calcium carbonate (calcite) is colorless, white, yellowish, or rarely pale gray, red, green, blue, or violet; sp gr, 2.710 (at 18 degrees C); Mohs hardness, 3; melting point, 1,339 degrees C (at 1,025 atm); decomposes at 898.6 degrees C; and soluble in water, in acids, and in ammonium chloride solution. Orthorhombic calcium carbonate (aragonite) is colorless, white, yellow, reddish, bluish, or black; sp gr, 2.93, ranging from 2.85 to 2.94; Mohs hardness, 3.5 to 4.0

U.S. Rep. Chellie Pingree will be joining Landesman when he takes a walking tour of Rockland and meets with artists and community leaders today.. Theyll come to Portland tonight and meet with more artists and community leaders at the Portland Stage Company. On Thursday, theyll take a walk through Portlands Arts District before viewing a play written by Portland police officers and hear poetry written by city employees.. ...