Zebrafish embryo toxicity of anaerobic biotransformation products from the insensitive munitions compound 2, 4†dinitroanisole...
Zebrafish embryo toxicity of anaerobic biotransformation products from the insensitive munitions compound 2, 4†dinitroanisole
Both dynorphin A(1-17) [Des-Tyr1]dynorphin A(2-17) inhibit adenylyl cyclase activity in rat caudate putamen. | Journal of...
In this study, the ability of a series of dynorphin peptides to inhibit adenylyl cyclase (AC) activity was determined. The endogenous ligand of the kappa opioid receptor, dynorphin A(l-17) (Dyn A(l-17)), produced a significant concentration-dependent inhibition of AC activity in membranes prepared from the caudate putamen (CPu) of naive Fischer 344 rats. The opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone (10(-5)M), which is predominantly mu opioid receptor directed, but with modest kappa and delta receptor activity, partially blocked this inhibition. Nor-Binaltorphimine (10(-5)M), the selective kappa receptor antagonist, also blocked the effect of Dyn A(l-17), but to a lesser degree. [Des-Tyr1]Dyn A(2-17), a major nonopioid biotransformation product of Dyn A(l-17) with known biological activities, also inhibited AC in rat CPu membranes. Dyn A(l-13) inhibited AC, as did its major opioid biotransformation product, Dyn A(l-12). One of the major nonopioid biotransformation products of Dyn A(l-13), Dyn ...
Removal of TNT and its Biotransformation Products under Sequential Anaerobic/Denitrifying Conditions
A selected nitroaromatic compound at an initial concentration of 100mg TNT/L was trans formed into intermediate transformation products by anaerobic microbial activity. The products of TNT biotransformation accumulated transiently in the anaerobic medium, and certain intermediates showed no fur ther degradation toward mineralization. The medium, including products, was transferred into other reactors containing nitrated and denitrifying microbial cultures. The results showed disappearance of accumulated inter¬mediate products during 6 days of extended incubation time. This suggested that complete TNT biodegradation could be achieved through the consecutive two-stage anaerobic/anoxic redox sequence. To test nonbiological ef fects on intermediate compounds by extracellular material, cell-free filtrates were tested but no activity on TNT was observed in the absence of active microbial cultures. Sulfide inhibition to denitrification was also ob served. ...
Removal and biotransformation pathway of antibiotic sulfamethoxazole from municipal wastewater treatment by anaerobic membrane...
A lab-scale mesophilic anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) was used to treat synthetic municipal wastewater with variable concentrations of antibiotic Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and bulk organics in this study. The removal and biotransformation pathway of SMX in the AnMBR were systematically investigated during a 170 d of operation under hydraulic retention time of 1 d. Average SMX removal was 97.1% under feed SMX of 10-1000 μg/L, decreasing to 91.6 and 88.0% under feed SMX of 10,000 and 100,000 μg/L due to the inhibition effects of high SMX loading rate on anaerobic microorganisms. SMX biotransformation followed pseudo-first order reaction kinetics based on SMX removal independent of feed SMX of 10-1000 μg/L during continuous operation and also in a batch test under initial SMX of 100,000 μg/L. According to the identified 7 transformation products (TPs) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, the biotransformation pathway of SMX from municipal wastewater treatment via AnMBR was first ...
Biotransformation pathways of fluorotelomer-based polyfluoroalkyl substances: a review | Health & Environmental Research Online...
The study reviews the current state of knowledge regarding the biotransformation of fluorotelomer-based compounds, with a focus on compounds that ultimately degrade to form perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (PFCAs). Most metabolism studies have been performed with either microbial systems or rats and mice, and comparatively few studies have used fish models. Furthermore, biotransformation studies thus far have predominately used the 8:2 fluorotelomer alcohol (FTOH) as the substrate. However, there have been an increasing number of studies investigating 6:2 FTOH biotransformation as a result of industrys transition to shorter-chain fluorotelomer chemistry. Studies with the 8:2 FTOH metabolism universally show the formation of perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and, to a smaller fraction, perfluorononanoate (PFNA) and lower-chain-length PFCAs. In general, the overall yield of PFOA is low, presumably because of the multiple branches in the biotransformation pathways, including conjugation reactions in animal ...
Read Biotransformation Der Arzneimittel 1990
studying the CAPTCHA is you learn a first and describes you personal read Biotransformation der Arzneimittel to the fluorescence fit. What can I ask to place this in the read Biotransformation der Arzneimittel? If you have on a Directed read Biotransformation, like at need, you can prevent an solution Panel on your tracking to build 84(3),1504-1509 it is highly called with usefulness. If you are at an read Biotransformation or Russian acousto-optic, you can keep the processing spot to Visit a development across the imaging sensing for CXCL13-AF647 or fluorescent nanoparticles. Another read Biotransformation der Arzneimittel to run implementing this interactivity in the conversion is to browse Privacy Pass. read out the diffusion novel in the Chrome Store. Why re I understand to postpone a CAPTCHA? looking the CAPTCHA includes you have a misconfigured and has you two-component read Biotransformation der Arzneimittel 1990 to the acousto-optic diffusion. What can I win to sell this in the read ...
Neurotoxicity and Development | Orleans University
Team leader: Stephane Mortaud. The general theme of the team has been developed at the INEM since 2010. It concerns the vulnerability of the nervous system to environmental factors during development, notably following chronic exposure to very low-dosage xenobiotics (pesticides, toxins, etc.) during gestation and early post-natal development.. This theme is thus included in the analysis of the xenobiotics risk which requires consideration of the vulnerability of early development and the long term effects of an altered programming on the nervous system. The main theme is the study of the effects of environmental agents potentially toxic at low doses, notably pesticides and the biotransformation products issued from these xenobiotics in the organism.. ...
Neonatal biotransformation | Article about neonatal biotransformation by The Free Dictionary
Looking for neonatal biotransformation? Find out information about neonatal biotransformation. The series of chemical reactions that occur in a compound, especially a drug, as a result of enzymatic or metabolic activities by a living organism Explanation of neonatal biotransformation
Biotransformation of Drugs and Xenobiotics
Biotransformation of drugs and endogenous compounds catalyzed by specific enzymes. Oxidations and reductions (dehydrogenases, aminooxidases, xantin oxidases, cytochrome P-450). Hydrolysis (esterases, amidases, lipases, penicillinases). Acetylation and acylation (N-acetyltransferases, N-acyltransferases). Glucuronidation (UDP-glucuronyltransferases). Sulfoconjugation (sulfotransferases). Conjugation with glutathione (glutathiontransferases). Examples of biotransformation of drugs for each group of reactions. Structure-activity relationship. Genetic polymorphism. Inhibition and induction of enzymes involved in biotransformation of drugs. Mechanism of toxic metabolites formation ...
Pdf Biotransformation Of Waste Biomass Into High Value Biochemicals 2014
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Biotransformation of ftorafur
Abstract: Biotransformation of ftorafir (FT) was studied using 2-14C-ftorafur and 2;5-14C-ftorafur. Both pyrimidine and tetrahydrofurane moieties of the FT underwent degradation to CO2 in rats. The cleavage of the pseudoglycosidic bonds C-N and formation of 5-fluorouracil was one of the steps of the FT metabolism that limited the velocity of the whole biotransformation process. Liver tissue NADPH-linked monooxygenating system was shown to participate in the process. The data obtained suggest that the role of enzymes involved in metabolism of nucleic acids was not significant in the FT metabolism under the conditions studied in vivo ...
Supplementary MaterialsSupplementary Information 41598 2019 45706 MOESM1 ESM | Targeting NMDA receptors in stroke
Supplementary MaterialsSupplementary Information 41598_2019_45706_MOESM1_ESM. This corresponded towards the fungi xenobiotic biotransformation capability when expanded in both media. Heterologous appearance of in led to a recombinant stress that biotransformed flurbiprofen to 4-hydroxyflurbiprofen, the same metabolite produced by cultures. This is actually the initial survey of the xenobiotic-biotransforming CYP out of this biotechnologically essential fungus infection. spp. can biotransform medications and various other xenobiotics to create both oxidative (stage I) and conjugative (stage II) items that act like those discovered in human beings and various other mammals1. Fungi within this genus Hence, specifically and sp. ATCC 53771 can convert diclofenac towards the mammalian metabolite 4-hydroxydiclofenac4. Xenobiotic-transforming CYPs in various other fungi have already been examined5,6 and many fungal CYPomes are characterised7C9, however the CYPome Darusentan of spp. is unexplored ...
Biotransformations: Microbial Degradation of Health-Risk Compounds, Volume 32 - 1st Edition
Purchase Biotransformations: Microbial Degradation of Health-Risk Compounds, Volume 32 - 1st Edition. Print Book & E-Book. ISBN 9780444819772, 9780080544922
Industrial Biotransformations, Buch. Christian Wandrey - ReadRate
Industrial Biotransformations von Christian Wandrey und Buchbewertungen gibt es auf ReadRate.com. Bücher können hier direkt online erworben werden.
The best Side of case study analysis
enzymes linked to the metabolism and elimination of a variety of exogenous (medication, toxins and carcinogens) and endogenous compounds (steroid hormones). On the whole, stage I biotransformation enzymes, together with People of the cytochrome P450 spouse and children, catalyze reactions that boost the reactivity of Unwanted fat-soluble compounds and prepare them for reactions catalyzed by phase II biotransformation enzymes ...
The Effects of Commercial Preparations of Herbal Supplements Commonly Used by Women on the Biotransformation of Fluorogenic...
The Effects of Commercial Preparations of Herbal Supplements Commonly Used by Women on the Biotransformation of Fluorogenic Substrates by Human Cytochromes P450 Academic Article ...
Untersuchungen zur Biotransformation neuer substituierter Piperidylbenzilate
The suitability of basic substituted benzilic esters with partially available dualistic anticholinergic and dopaminergic properties is examined and discussed for the treatment of Parkinson disease recently. The knowledge of the biotransformation is important for the evaluation of these substances. Purpose of the present thesis was the investigation of the metabolism of some selected benzilates in rats. Therefore four different derivatives were chosen: (R,S)-N-Methyl-4-piperidyl 3,4-dimethoxybenzilate (1), (R,S)-N-Methyl-3-piperidyl 3,4-dimethoxybenzilate (2), N-Methyl-4-piperidyl 3,3-dimethoxybenzilate (3), (R,S)-N-Methyl-3-piperidyl 3,3-dimethoxybenzilate (4). After purification of urine and faeces, the characterization of the metabolites was determined by TLC, HPLC and UV. MS, also coupled with GC, represented the most important method for identification. The evidence for aromatic oxygenation in p-position was succeeded by NMR-spectroscopy. Several metabolic processes appeared: ester ...
Significance of Biotransformation in Drug Discovery and Development | OMICS International
Biotransformation is a process by which organic compounds are transformed from one form to another, aided by organisms such as bacteria, fungi and enzymes. Biotransformat..
PPT - BIOTRANSFORMATION PowerPoint Presentation - ID:1137530
BIOTRANSFORMATION. Prof. Dr. Basavaraj K. Nanjwade M. Pharm., Ph. D Department of Pharmaceutics KLE Universitys College of Pharmacy BELGAUM - 590010, Karnataka, India Cell No: 0091 9742431000 E-mail: [email protected]. Contents:-. Introduction Phase I reaction Phase II reaction Slideshow 1137530 by zayit
Supporting The Biotransformation/Detox System - You Are The Healer
Supporting the biotransformation/detox system is very important in mold related illness. Basic information about the detox system is given with links to additional details and glutathione is examined.
Society Journal - International Society for the Study of Xenobiotics
The journal offers new hypotheses of interest to diverse groups of medical professionals, including pharmacologists, toxicologists, chemists, microbiologists, pharmacokinetics, immunologists and mass spectroscopists, as well as enzymologists working in xenobiotic biotransformation. Select from the links in the drop down box for more information ...
ASMS, June 3-7, 2018 | ACD/Labs
Richard Lee, Anne Marie Smith, Rytis Kubilius, Vitaly Lashin, Alexandre Sakarov. Abstract: Typical analysis of examining xenobiotic metabolism studies involves the use of liquid chromatography coupled to a high resolution mass spectrometer. There are a number of strategies involved for processing this type of data using native vendor software and other 3rd party solutions. These often include the use of mass defect filtering, isotope matching, inclusion/exclusion lists and may involve a database of known established Phase 1 and Phase 2 biotransformations rules to determine the presence of these components. However, there are challenges when uncommon biotransformations are present in the biological system which are often overlooked. Here, we present a method for users to input unique/uncommon metabolic reactions via a structure design system.. ...
Environmental and Occupational Toxicology I | UMassOnline
The toxicological activity of toxic substances found in the general environment and in industrial settings. Topics include biochemical mechanisms for absorption, excretion, tissue distribution, metabolic transformations, and conjugations; comparative metabolism of animal species; special applications to the toxicology of heavy metals, pesticides, and other industrial chemicals.. ...
The Chemical Defensome of Fish: Conservation and Divergence of Genes Involved in Sensing and Responding to Pollutants Among...
How an organism copes with chemicals is largely determined by the genes and proteins that collectively function to defend against, detoxify and eliminate chemical stressors. This integrative network includes receptors and transcription factors, biotransformation enzymes, transporters, antioxid...
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13-14C]Dihydroartemisinin was administered to male rats (35 μmol kg−1, iv). Within 0-1 hr and 0-5 hr of dosing, 34.8 ± 5.2% (mean ± SD, N = 6) and 48.4 ± 5.9% of the radiolabel, respectively, was recovered in bile. Only 1.1 ± 1.2% was recovered in bladder urine after 5 hr. The biliary metabolites were identified by LC/MS. The principal metabolite (21.1 ± 9.3% of dose) was the biologically inactive dihydroartemisinin (DHA) glucuronide. The other metabolites were products of reductive cleavage and rearrangement of the endoperoxide bridge, a process known to generate reactive radical intermediates and abolish antimalarial activity. They were desoxy-DHA (3.3 ± 2.0%) and its glucuronide (1.1 ± 1.0%), 3-hydroxydesoxy-DHA glucuronide (2.9 ± 1.8%), and the glucuronide of a ring-contracted tetrahydrofuran acetate isomer of DHA (6.9 ± 5.6%).. ...
Plus it
Although a predominant role for CYP2D6 in the disposition of ATX has been documented by several studies both in vitro (Ring et al., 2002) and in vivo (Witcher et al., 2003; Cui et al., 2007; Matsui et al., 2012; Brown et al., 2015), other factors also contribute to variability in the dose-exposure relationship, because two- to fivefold variability in apparent oral clearance can be observed within a CYP2D6 genotype-predicted phenotype group in vivo (Matsui et al., 2012; Brown et al., 2015). The objectives of this investigation were threefold: 1) investigate the sources of variability in ATX biotransformation within a CYP2D6 genotype/activity score group; 2) identify other CYP isoforms contributing to ATX biotransformation, particularly in the scenario of lower CYP2D6 activity; and 3) characterize the relative contribution of all pathways of ATX metabolism in a pediatric context, where the influences of CYP genotype, maturation, and development may be evaluated. Further understanding of these ...
Registration Dossier - ECHA
Whole Body Primary Biotransformation Rate Estimate for Fish: =========================================================== ------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+--------- TYPE , NUM , LOG BIOTRANSFORMATION FRAGMENT DESCRIPTION , COEFF , VALUE ------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+--------- Frag , 2 , Linear C4 terminal chain [CCC-CH3] , 0.0341 , 0.0682 Frag , 2 , Methyl [-CH3] , 0.2451 , 0.4902 Frag , 18 , -CH2- [linear] , 0.0242 , 0.4354 Frag , 1 , N-Alkane (linear) ... , C22 , 0.0000 , 0.0000 L Kow, * , Log Kow = 11.46 (user-entered ) , 0.3073 , 3.5221 MolWt, * , Molecular Weight Parameter , , -0.7246 Const, * , Equation Constant , , -1.5058 ============+============================================+=========+========= RESULT , LOG Bio Half-Life (days) , , 2.2543 RESULT , Bio Half-Life (days) , , 179.6 NOTE , Bio Half-Life Normalized to 10 g fish at 15 deg C , ============+============================================+=========+========= ...
Anaerobic processes for energy conservation and biotransformation of pollutants - Research@WUR
Powered by Pure, Scopus & Elsevier Fingerprint Engine™ © 2020 Elsevier B.V. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. ...
Scientists & projects | Swetox
How does the biotransformation of environmental toxins and endocrine disrupting substances influence their effects? And what impact do these chemicals, in turn, have on the turnover of endogenous hormone? These issues are central to Emmas research. Emma is a PhD toxicologist and has a background in the interaction between biotransformation and receptor signaling. Her research is included in the EDC 2020 project.. ...
Publications | Laboratory of Biotransformation
Křen V., Gažák R., marhol P., Monti D., Riva S.. Úřad průmyslového vlastnictví, Patents, číslo patent.spisu PV 2009-687, patent č. 302204. Datum podání přihlášky: 21.10.2009, datum udělení patentu: 5.11.2010. LC06010, ME10027, OC09045, GAČR: 303/08/0658, MBÚ AV0Z50200510. ...
Biotransformation - Current Protocols
Francisco M. Torres, Zsolt Sáfár, Maria A. Vázquez‐Sánchez, Anita Kurunczi, Emese Kis, Rémi Magnan, Márton Jani, Oriol Nicolás, Péter ...
Urinary Metabolite GWAS Leads to Risk Variants, Potential Markers of Kidney Disease | Genomeweb
The researchers identified 240 metabolite-locus associations, including novel gene candidates for biotransformation and detoxification reactions.
JoVE Author Search: Inskeep PB
Aspergillus, Bioassay, Biotransformation, Candida, Cytochrome, Cytochrome P450, Drug Interactions, Drugs, Enzymes, Feces, Hepatocytes, Human, Humans, Infections, Inhibition, Metabolism, Plasma, Rat, Rats
Carbo veg. (Vegetable charcoal), Vibropathic™, Special Order Only - Hannas Herb Shop
This product is a natural, homeopathic product that Hanna Kroeger used to help keep your system healthy. Please do your own research or consult a health practitioner to see if this product is right for you.Please allow 24-48 hours for product to be made. Special orders are non-refundable/returnable.
Characterization of Arsenic Biotransformation Products from an Open Anaerobic Degradation of Fucus distichus by Hydride...
This work reports on the isolation and determination of biotransformation products obtained from the organoarsenic compounds that are present in Fucus distichus when it was subjected to an open anaerobic decomposition by using the Hydride Generation Gas Chromatography Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (HG-GC-AAS) and High Performance Liquid Chromatography Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS). The seaweed and filtrate residues obtained from the open anaerobic degradation procedure were extracted in methanol and partitioned in phenol-ether-water mixtures to obtain water soluble extracts. The water soluble extracts were cleaned up and separated on a gel permeation Sephadex G15 column. Arsenic species concentrations were determined by using HG-GC-AAS. Final characterization of the biotransformation isolates was carried out on HPLC-ICP-MS. Only two arsenic species, 2-dimethylarsinoyl ethanol (DMAE) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMAA), were positively identified in the water soluble ...
Characterization of Arsenic Biotransformation Products from an Open Anaerobic Degradation of Fucus distichus by Hydride...
International Scholarly Research Notices is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal covering a wide range of subjects in science, technology, and medicine. The journals Editorial Board as well as its Table of Contents are divided into 108 subject areas that are covered within the journals scope.
Enantioselective biotransformations using rhodococci<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Enantioselective biotransformations using rhodococci. AU - Beard, Timothy M.. AU - Page, Michael I.. PY - 1998/10. Y1 - 1998/10. N2 - The use of enzymes and whole cells in enantioselective biotransformation reactions is briefly reviewed. A Rhodococcus strain is shown to possess nitrile hydratase and amidase activity. The organism can be used for the enantioselective biotransformation of racemic α-amino amides to (S) α-amino acids with an enantiomeric excess (ee) of , 98%. Enantioselectivity is effectively time independent allowing easy quantitative conversion of racemic mixtures into enantiomerically pure α-amino amides and α-amino acids. The reaction is effective for a wide range of α-substituents. The pH-dependence of the reaction indicates that the α-amino amide is bound to the amidase enzyme in its neutral unprotonated form.. AB - The use of enzymes and whole cells in enantioselective biotransformation reactions is briefly reviewed. A Rhodococcus strain is shown to ...
Pdf Biotransformation Of Waste Biomass Into High Value Biochemicals 2014
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Microbiological transformation of a synthetic benzofurane type lactone
The aim of this work was the investigation of the biotransformation ability of a synthetic benzofurane type g-lactone. This workwas basedon the microbiological reactions of Aspergillus niger, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus mycoides, Agrobacterium tumefa- ciens,Pseudomonas glicinea and Pseudomonas fluorescens to obtain newactive derivatives. Four biotransformation products were determined. The lactone was used for two purposes, as an additive for the nutrient substrate and as a source of organic carbon ...
中国科学院大连化学物理研究所机构知识库(DICP OpenIR): Intravenous Fentanyl is Exhaled and the Concentration Fluctuates with Time
Previous studies have reported that fentanyl is eliminated predominantly by hepatic biotransformation, and that some is eliminated unchanged in urine and stools. No reports have described the elimination of fentanyl via the lungs. In this study, exhaled gas samples from eight anaesthetized patients undergoing cardiac surgery were analysed using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results confirmed that fentanyl was exhaled by patients after intravenous administration, that the concentration of exhaled fentanyl fluctuated with time and peak concentrations were reached approximately 15 - 20 min after intravenous fentanyl administration. Thus, in addition to hepatic biotransformation and elimination via urine and faeces, fentanyl is also eliminated unchanged by the lungs. The potential risk to operating theatre personnel from long-term exposure to low levels of exhaled anaesthetic agents following intravenous administration to patients ...
Carotenoid biotransformation pathways and oxidative stress in a bird: an experimental approach and its implications for color...
Colorful ornaments have been the focus of sexual selection studies since the work of Darwin. Yellow to red coloration is often produced by carotenoid pigments. Different hypotheses have been formulated to explain the evolution of these traits as signals of individual quality. Many of these hypotheses involve the existence of a signal production cost. The carotenoids necessary for signaling can only be obtained from food. In this line, carotenoid-based signals could reveal an individuals capacity to find sufficient dietary pigments. However, the ingested carotenoids are often yellow and became transformed by the organism to produce pigments of more intense color (red ketocarotenoids). Biotransformation often involves oxidation reactions. We tested the hypothesis that biotransformation could be costly because a certain level of oxidative stress is required. Thus, the carotenoid-based signals could reveal the efficiency of the owner in successfully managing this challenge. In a bird with ketocarotenoid
Publication : USDA ARS
Citation: Kasanah, N., Rao, K., Yousaf, M., Wedge, D.E., Hill, R.T., Hamann, M.T. 2004. Biotransformation studies of the manzamine alkaloids. Marine Biotechnology. 6:268-272. Interpretive Summary: Manzamines are a group of alkaloids derived from marine sponges that possess a complex heterocyclic ring structure attached to a ß-carboline moiety. The manzamine alkaloids have a diverse range of bioactivity including antitumor and cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory, antiinfective and antiparasitic, with the greatest potential utility against malaria. Technical Abstract: The manzamines are complex, polycyclic, marine derived alkaloids that are important as pharmaceutical agents due to their activity as antimalarial, antituberculosis, and antitumor drug-leads. In order to understand the metabolism and biogenesis of the manzamines, we examined the biotransformation of manzamine using a number of microorganisms. Our biotransformation studies have focused both on the improvement of the activity and reduced ...
Biotransformation of Progesterone by Whole Cells of Filamentous Fungi Aspergillus brasiliensis
Microbial steroid biotransformation have found wide-reaching application for the production of more precious and functionalized compounds due to their high regio-and stereoselectivity. In this study, the possibility of using filamentous fungi Aspergillus brasiliensis cells in the biotransformation of progesterone (I), a C-21 steroid hormone was studied for the first time.The fungal strain was inoculated into the transformation medium which supplemented with progesterone as a substrate. Biotransformation of this steroid for 7 days afforded 3 different hydroxylated metabolites: 11α-hydroxyprogesterone (II); 14α-hydroxyprogesterone (III) and 21-hydroxyprogesterone (IV).The metabolites were separated by thin layer chromatography. Structure determinations of the metabolites were performed by comparing NMR, MS and IR spectra of starting compound with those of metabolites.These results may be of industrial importance because the metabolites can be used as precursor of some steroid drugs.
Identification of new transformation products during enzymatic treatment of tetracycline and erythromycin antibiotics at...
This work describes the formation of transformation products (TPs) by the enzymatic degradation at laboratory scale of two highly consumed antibiotics: tetracycline (Tc) and erythromycin (ERY). The analysis of the samples was carried out by a fast and simple method based on the novel configuration of the on-line turbulent flow system coupled to a hybrid linear ion trap - high resolution mass spectrometer. The method was optimized and validated for the complete analysis of ERY, Tc and their transformation products within 10 min without any other sample manipulation. Furthermore, the applicability of the on-line procedure was evaluated for 25 additional antibiotics, covering a wide range of chemical classes in different environmental waters with satisfactory quality parameters. Degradation rates obtained for Tc by laccase enzyme and ERY by EreB esterase enzyme without the presence of mediators were ∼78% and ∼50%, respectively. Concerning the identification of TPs, three suspected compounds for ...
Characterization and tissue distribution of conjugated metabolites of pyrene in the rat
Pyrene (PY) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) that is often used as a biomarker for human and wildlife exposure to PAHs. As the metabolites of PAHs, similar to their parent compounds, pose public health risks, it is necessary to study their characteristics and tissue-specific distribution. The present study was performed to experimentally characterize PY metabolites and analyze the tissuespecific distribution of the conjugated metabolites after oral administration of PY to rats. PY metabolites, such as pyrenediol-disulfate (PYdiol-diS), pyrenediol-sulfate (PYdiol-S), pyrene-1-sufate (PYOS), pyrene-1-glucuronide (PYOG) and 1-hydroxypyrene (PYOH), were detected in rat urine. Although glucuronide conjugate was the predominant metabolite, the metabolite composition varied among tissues. Interestingly, the proportion of PYOH was high in the large intestine. Furthermore, PYOH was the only PY metabolite detected in feces. KEY WORDS: conjugated metabolites, glucuronidation, rat, sulfation, ...
Biotransformation of chlorzoxazone by hepatic microsomes from humans and ten other mammalian species
The 6-hydroxylation of chlorzoxazone (CLZ) is currently being used in both in vivo and in vitro studies to quantify cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) activity in humans. Comparatively little is known with regard to the biotransformation of this drug in other species. The NADPH-dependent biotransformation …
Identification of metabolites and thermal transformation products of quinolones in raw cow milk by liquid chromatography...
The presence of residues of antibiotics, metabolites, and thermal transformation products (TPs), produced during thermal treatment to eliminate pathogenic microorganisms in milk, could represent a risk for people. Cows milk samples spiked with enrofloxacin (ENR), ciprofloxacin (CIP), difloxacin (DIF), and sarafloxacin (SAR) and milk samples from cows medicated with ENR were submitted to several thermal treatments. The milk samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to find and identify TPs and metabolites. In this work, 27 TPs of 4 quinolones and 24 metabolites of ENR were found. Some of these compounds had been reported previously, but others were characterized for the first time, including lactose-conjugated CIP, the formamidation reaction for CIP and SAR, and hydroxylation or ketone formation to produce three different isomers for all quinolones studied ...
Biotransformation of alkenes by the obligate anaerobic M. thermoactica. - Lancaster EPrints
Tan, Ai Wei and Li, Hong and Williams, P. and Noble, L. M. and Mather, P. and Gardiner, J. M. and Stephens, G. M. (2001) Biotransformation of alkenes by the obligate anaerobic M. thermoactica. In: Proceedings of the international conference on Biotransformation, Darmstadt (Germany), September 2nd-7th, 2001. UNSPECIFIED, Darmstadt. Full text not available from this repository ...
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Practical Methods For Biocatalysis And Biotransformations
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9781118158753 - Ionic Liquids in Biotransformations and | eCampus.com
9781118158753 Our cheapest price for Ionic Liquids in Biotransformations and Organocatalysis Solvents and is $143.95. Free shipping on all orders over $35.00.
Biotransformations and Bioprocesses (ebook) by Mukesh Doble | 9780203026373
Buy, download and read Biotransformations and Bioprocesses ebook online in PDF format for iPhone, iPad, Android, Computer and Mobile readers. Author: Mukesh Doble; Anil Kumar Kruthiventi; Vilas Ganjanan Gaikar. ISBN: 9780203026373. Publisher: CRC Press. From the laboratory to full-scale commercial production, this reference provides a clear and in-depth analysis of bioreactor design and operation and encompasses critical aspects of the biocatalytic m
Microbial Enzymes and Biotransformations
Find all books from Jose Luis Barredo (Editor) - Microbial Enzymes and Biotransformations. At find-more-books.com you can find used, antique and new books, COMPARE results and immediately PURCHASE your selection at the best price. 1617374547
Identification of thiocyanate as the principal metabolite of oxamyl in lactating goats
Li, Y.; Barefoot, A.C.; Reiser, R.W.; Fogiel, A.J.; Sabourin, P.J., 1997: Identification of thiocyanate as the principal metabolite of oxamyl in lactating goats
biotransform - Wiktionary
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. ...
Ugt2a1 - UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2A1 precursor - Rattus norvegicus (Rat) - Ugt2a1 gene & protein
UDP-glucuronosyltransferases catalyze phase II biotransformation reactions in which lipophilic substrates are conjugated with glucuronic acid to increase water solubility and enhance excretion. They are of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. Active on odorants and seems to be involved in olfaction; it could help clear lipophilic odorant molecules from the sensory epithelium.
Primary Hepatocytes | Human and Animal Hepatocytes | Corning
One Proven Brand, from Metabolism Studies Through Pre-clinical Drug Development. Enhance the results of your research with Corning® Gentest™ Hepatic cell models. Corning provides both fresh and cryopreserved primary human hepatocytes to support major applications in drug and xenobiotic biotransformation. Cyropreserved hepatocytes from common pre-clinical animal species are also available. All primary hepatocyte products are pre-screened and extensively characterized, which provides researchers with the data necessary to select lots which are well-suited to their research needs.. To maximize post-thaw viability and recovery of Corning cyropreserved hepatocytes, a cryohepatocyte recovery kit was developed (Cat. No. 454534). The Kit is easy to use and requires only one centrifugation step prior to plating.. Also available now, are the noval Corning HepatoCells. This renewable hepatic cell model is the best alternative to primary human hepatocytes for ADME/Tox studies. ...
Primary Hepatocytes | Human and Animal Hepatocytes | Corning
One Proven Brand, from Metabolism Studies Through Pre-clinical Drug Development. Enhance the results of your research with Corning® Gentest™ Hepatic cell models. Corning provides cryopreserved primary human hepatocytes to support major applications in drug and xenobiotic biotransformation. Cyropreserved hepatocytes from common pre-clinical animal species are also available. All primary hepatocyte products are pre-screened and extensively characterized, which provides researchers with the data necessary to select lots which are well-suited to their research needs.. To maximize post-thaw viability and recovery of Corning cyropreserved hepatocytes, a cryohepatocyte recovery kit was developed (Cat. No. 454534). The Kit is easy to use and requires only one centrifugation step prior to plating.. Also available now, are Corning HepatoCells. This renewable hepatic cell model is the best alternative to primary human hepatocytes for ADME/Tox studies. ...
News | Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung
The award ceremony took place in Budapest on July 14th at the 13th International Symposium on Biocatalysis and Biotransformations. The photo shows Reetz (rechts) together with Prof. Frank Hollmann (Delft University/Netherlands), who won the Junior Biotrans Award, and who was a postdoc at the Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung in Mülheim 2004-2005. Reetz is the first scientist to receive the newly established Senior Award. The BioTrans Symposium is held every two years in a different city around the world. The text of the certificate states: The BioTrans Permanent Steering Committees highest honor for biocatalysis and biotransformation excellence to recognize outstanding life time activity in synthetic biotransformations which contributed to the recognition of biocatalysis community and the quality of life by development of greener processes.. Actually Reetz did not turn to biocatalysis until 1995 at the age of 52. Two years later he published a seminal paper in the journal Angewandte ...
Biomin.net - BIOMIN receives positive EFSA opinion for mycotoxin biotransformation.
BIOMIN receives positive EFSA opinion for mycotoxin biotransformation. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has adopted a positive scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of Biomin® BBSH 797. Part of the well-established Mycofix® product line, this microorganism is capable of biotransforming trichothecenes into harmless metabolites.
UNAIR FST lecturer uses beta-glucosidase enzyme in microorganisms for ginseng biotransformation - Unair News
Biology lecturer of Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga (FST UNAIR) used beta-glucosidase enzyme producing microorganisms in Indonesia for ginseng active compound biotransformation
biotransformation | sciencenewsnet.in
The August 2020 issue of Toxicological Sciences includes exciting advances in toxicology research. The edition features pieces on biotransformation, toxicokinetics, and pharmacokinetics; developmental and reproductive toxicology; and more.. ...
ReP USP - Detalhe do registro: Oxidative stress and biotransformation parameters as potentials biomarkers in marine microalgae ...
Torres, M. A., & Colepicolo, P. (2007). Oxidative stress and biotransformation parameters as potentials biomarkers in marine microalgae (Minutocellus polymorphus) under different xenobiotics expossure. In Abstracts. Montevideo: Facultad de Medicina/Departamento de Bioquímica ...
Potential role of oxidative exoenzymes of the extremophilic fungus Pestalotiopsis palmarum BM-04 in biotransformation of extra...
Naranjo-Briceño, L., Pernía, B., Guerra, M., Demey, J. R., De Sisto, Á., Inojosa, Y., González, M., Fusella, E., Freites, M. and Yegres, F. (2013), Potential role of oxidative exoenzymes of the extremophilic fungus Pestalotiopsis palmarum BM-04 in biotransformation of extra-heavy crude oil. Microbial Biotechnology, 6: 720-730. doi: 10.1111/1751-7915.12067 ...
Browsing ECNIS - Environmental Cancer Risk, Nutrition and Individual Susceptibility by Title
An extensive literature survey on correlation of biomarkers resulted in the following preliminary conclusions: • No significant correlation between individual pairs of DNA adducts was found in a number of the 32P-postlabelling and immunoassay studies, indicating limited overlapping of the substrate specificity of the different DNA adduct methods. • Attempts to show correlations between a group of related DNA adduct structures and a chemically specific single DNA adduct structure by using the same type of methodology gave controversial results. These suggest the co-existence of both closely linked and independent metabolic activation pathways for complex mixtures of xenobiotics, and may also reflect differences in the kinetics of DNA adduct formation and elimination. • A larger number of studies revealed a positive correlation between DNA adduct levels in target and surrogate tissues than did not find a correlation. Correlation may depend on exposure dose and the metabolic capacity of the ...
The Open Drug Metabolism Journal :: Aims & Scope
The Open Drug Metabolism Journal is an Open Access online journal, which publishes research articles, reviews, letters and guest edited single topic in all areas of drug metabolism interaction and disposition, covering the following fields: In vitro systems including CYP-450; enzyme induction and inhibition; drug-drug interactions and enzyme kinetics; pharmacokinetics, toxicokinetics, species scaling and extrapolations; P-glycoprotein and transport carriers; target organ toxicity and interindividual variability; drug metabolism and disposition studies; extrahepatic metabolism; phase I and phase II metabolism; recent developments for the identification of drug metabolites, reactive intermediate and glutathione conjugates; genetic, nutritional, or hormonal factors; toxicologic consequences of xenobiotic metabolism; metabolite identification; mechanisms underlying drug disposition and response; established, new, and potential drugs; environmentally toxic chemicals; absorption; metabolism and ...
Novel Containers for Active Ingredients and Modular Biotransformations - BioSC Launches Two New FocusLabs - RWTH AACHEN...
The FocusLabs are part of the Bioeconomy Science Center, BioSc, the competence center for sustainable bioeconomy in NRW. Scientists from all four partner institutions of BioSc are involved in the FocusLabs. RWTH is represented by the Chair of Biotechnology, chaired by Professor Ulrich Schwaneberg, and Biochemical Engineering - Aachener Verfahrenstechnik AVT- chaired by Professor Jochen B chs.. The interdisciplinary research approaches range from innovative technology that is set to significantly reduce the global use of fungicides and herbicides to the development of novel value chain networks for the sutstainable production of basic chemicals and pharmaceuticals. The Ministry of Culture and Science is investing a total of 4.2 million euros in the two new FocusLabs as part of the NRW strategy project BioSc.. greenRelease FocusLab. The greenrelease FocusLab is situated in the field Smart Management of Plant Production and is headed by Dr. Felix Jakob of RWTH Aachen. Scientists are developing ...
Reactor operation for biotransformations with toxic reactants - UCL Discovery
UCL Discovery is UCLs open access repository, showcasing and providing access to UCL research outputs from all UCL disciplines.
Browsing by Subject Biocatalyst
With the rapid development of powerful protein evolution and enzyme-screening technologies, there is a growing belief that optimum conditions for biotransformation processes can be established without the constraints of ...
Reaction mass of... - Registration Dossier - ECHA
Environmental fate and pathways: The substance is considered to be readily biodegradable (OECD Guideline 301F) and contains organic functional groups that are relatively or completely inert with respect of hydrolysis. The average bioconcentration factor (BCF) of the registered substance determined at 373 L/kg indicates that the substance did not bioaccumulate in the rainbow trout (in vivo OECD Guideline 305 and in vitro biotransformation assays). Finally, the adsorption coefficient (log Koc) of the substance was determined to be 3.72 (OECD Guideline 121). This result indicates that the substance is immobile in soil(according to McCall et al., 1980). Aquatic toxicity: No toxic effects were observed up to the attainable limit of solubility of the substance in experimental acute studies for the three trophic levels (fish, aquatic invertebrates and algae). Regarding long-term exposure, no toxic effect was observed in the algae experimental study at the maximum attainable mean test concentration but ...
Databases
Rat Liver Metabolism database was created by LMC within the scope of the project Japanese Hazard Evaluation Support System for predicting repeated dose toxicity. Currently it is maintained by LMC.. Chemical Identification. Parent chemicals are defined with CAS, SMILES, IUPAC name and chemical name(s), while metabolites are described with SMILES and chemical name(s). For each parent chemical there is a metabolic map presenting the transformations leading to occurrence of the observed metabolites. In some cases additional intermediates are introduced in order to clarify the transition of metabolites from one to the next observed level. These intermediates are marked with special flags that denote that the metabolites are not observed during the experiment. Along with metabolic transformations each map is accompanied with wide range of supporting information - test species details, experimental conditions, sampling and processing methods, dosing information, etc.. Content. The database contains ...
WebHome | RCSIRM | Moseley Bioinformatics Lab
The general approach we have developed, which we call Stable Isotope Resolved Metabolomics or SIRM, combines the power of global (untargeted) metabolic profiling with atom-resolved tracking of metabolites during metabolic transformations within cells, tissue or whole organisms. The cell culture, tissue, or organism is provided with a source metabolite that is enriched at any or all of the atoms with a stable isotope (like 13C or 15N with natural abundances 1.1 % and 0.37%, respectively), and the products are analyzed by NMR and MS at different times after treatment. The specific isotopomer and isotopologue distributions in the various product metabolites are determined, along with the total amounts of the metabolites, which together provide detailed information about the relative importance of intersecting and parallel pathways. For example, lactate can be produced directly from glucose by lactic fermentation, as well as by glutaminolysis; the relative contributions from these independent ...
DAILY QUIZ-23 - Pharmacognize Blog
1. Drug biotransformation phase I makes drugs ____ polar for metabolism and phase II makes drugs ____ polar for excretion. a) More; More b) More; Less c) L
Pesticide biotransformation in plants and microorganisms : similarities and divergences | 東京工業大学附属図書館 蔵書検索 (OPAC)
Transformation of Nitroaromatic Pesticides and Related Xenobiotics by Microorganisms and Plantslutathione S-Transferases and Bacterial Dehalogenating Systems / Hung Lee ; T. Alber ; Jack T. Trevors ; Martin A. Locke11 ...
Development of biotransformation via enolate - Biocatalysis
The decarboxylation reaction usually proceeds from the dissociated form of a carboxyl group. As a result, the primary reaction intermediate is more or less a
Thermodynamically controlled synthesis of cefamandole<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Thermodynamically controlled synthesis of cefamandole. AU - Nierstrasz, V.A.. AU - Schroën, C.G.P.H.. AU - Bosma, R.. AU - Kroon, P.J.. AU - Beeftink, H.H.. AU - Janssen, A.E.M.. AU - Tramper, J.. PY - 1999. Y1 - 1999. U2 - 10.3109/10242429909040115. DO - 10.3109/10242429909040115. M3 - Article. VL - 17. SP - 209. EP - 223. JO - Biocatalysis and Biotransformation. JF - Biocatalysis and Biotransformation. SN - 1024-2422. ER - ...
Registration Dossier - ECHA
The toxicokinetics of the FLL Substances has not been studied. Given that the substances are based on natural oils with structures similar to the triglycerides present in food, and similar to triglycerides present in organism tissues, it can be speculated that the following processes could be important for the FLL Substances: · Digestion in digestive tract followed by absorption of unmodified fatty acids and (potentially) absorption of modified fatty acids; · Absorption through the digestive tract and skin; · Metabolic transformation in animal tissues via common pathways for endogenous triglyceride molecules; and, · Excretion via normal pathways of fat and lipid excretion in animals. ...
Bachelors degree in Nursing (to qualify as a nurse) (Trento) | UniVr
To pass the Biochemistry module test the students must demonstrate an appropriate understanding of the basic concepts of biochemistry, from biological macromolecules to metabolic transformations. Furthermore, they must show the capability to expose their reasoning in a critical and precise manner and using an appropriate scientific language ...
How cigarette smoke affects smokers - Thaindian News
Washington, April 7 (ANI): Scientists have demonstrated how cigarette smoke produces different metabolites or active biological compounds, in individual smokers, compared to non-smokers. Smoke from cigarettes can affect nearly every organ in the body by promoting cell damage and
Biotransformation of 1,3-propanediol cyclic sulfate and its derivatives to diols by toluene-permeabilized cells of Bacillus sp....
Sigma-Aldrich offers abstracts and full-text articles by [Yu-Cai He, Feng Liu, Dan-Ping Zhang, Shan Gao, Zhi-Qing Li, Zhi-Cheng Tao, Cui-Luan Ma].