Article Evaluation of benzene exposure in adults and urinary s-phenylmercapturic acid in children living in Adelaide, South Australia. Abstract: Benzene Exposure was evaluated in adults and children living in Adelaide, South Australia by measuring be...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Environmental and lifestyle factors affect benzene uptake biomonitoring of residents near a petrochemical plant. AU - Fustinoni, Silvia. AU - Campo, Laura. AU - Satta, Giannina. AU - Campagna, Marcello. AU - Ibba, Antonio. AU - Tocco, Maria Giuseppina. AU - Atzeri, Sergio. AU - Avataneo, Giuseppe. AU - Flore, Costantino. AU - Meloni, Michele. AU - Bertazzi, Pier Alberto. AU - Cocco, Pierluigi. PY - 2012/2. Y1 - 2012/2. N2 - Background: We monitored urinary benzene excretion to examine factors affecting benzene uptake in a sample of the general population living near a petrochemical plant. Methods: Our study population included 143 subjects: 33 petrochemical plant workers (W) with low level occupational benzene exposure; 30 residents in a small town 2. km from the plant (2kmR); 26 residents in a second small town located 2 to 4. km from the plant (4kmR); and 54 urban residents 25. km from the plant (25kmR). Exposure to benzene was evaluated by personal air sampling during one ...

US refiners are in the process of planning and executing capital projects to comply with the new MSAT (Mobile Source Air Toxics) II regulations that become effective January 1, 2011. These new rules will restrict the annual average benzene level in the gasoline sold in U.S. except California to 0.62 vol%. California has similar restrictions on gasoline benzene content. Of the various refinery streams that are blended into gasoline 70 ? 85% of the benzene is contributed by reformate from catalytic reforming and 10-25% by FCC gasoline. Most MSAT II compliance strategies focus on reducing benzene in reformate. The benzene content in reformate can be changed by either removing compounds in the reformer feed that form benzene in the reforming reaction or by removing benzene from reformate by hydrotreating or solvent extraction. Removal of benzene from FCC gasoline is less straight forward. The relationship of feed properties and reaction process conditions to the production of various compounds in a ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Mass spectra and photoelectron spectroscopy of negatively charged benzene clusters, (benzene)n- (n=53-124). AU - Mitsui, Masaaki. AU - Nakajima, Atsushi. AU - Kaya, Koji. AU - Even, Uzi. PY - 2001/10/1. Y1 - 2001/10/1. N2 - The threshold size and photoelectron study of neat negatively charged benzene clusters was carried out using a high-temperature and high-pressure valve to generate cold, large, negatively charged benzene clusters. It was found that there is an abrupt onset of formation of the (benzene)n- clusters occurring at size n=53, and the cluster distribution extended to above n,160. Benzene clusters smaller than the threshold size were also observed. Photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the VDES of (benzene)n- with n = 53-124 fell within 0.4-0.6 eV.. AB - The threshold size and photoelectron study of neat negatively charged benzene clusters was carried out using a high-temperature and high-pressure valve to generate cold, large, negatively charged benzene clusters. ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Adsorption of cyclohexane and benzene on ordered Sn/Pt(111) surface alloys. AU - Xu, C.. AU - Tsai, Y. L.. AU - Koel, B. E.. PY - 1994. Y1 - 1994. N2 - Cyclohexane conversion to benzene over bimetallic Pt catalysts is an important prototypical reaction for fundamental studies of selective catalytic dehydrogenation catalysis. We have studied the adsorption and dehydrogenation of cyclohexane and benzene on Pt(111) and two ordered Sn/Pt(111) surface alloys using temperature-programmed desorption (TPD). Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (HREELS), and sticking coefficient measurements. Vapor-depositing Sn on the Pt(111) surface and annealing gives a (2 × 2) or (√ 3 × √ 3)R30° LEED pattern, producing well-defined surfaces identified as the (111) face of Pt3Sn and a substitutional alloy of composition Pt2Sn. Cyclohexane adsorbed onto all three surfaces at 100-155 K with an initial sticking coefficient of unity. Precursor mediated ...

Results: A total of 79 (47.88%) workers agreed to participate in the study. Seventeen atmospheric samples were usable and 79 urinary assays at the end of the shift were carried out. The average benzene concentration for all sites was 10 times lower than the regulatory average exposure value (1 ppm=3.25 mg/m3):average: 0.122pp, median: 0.053ppm and range: 0.019-1.448 ppm. All 79 urinary assays of trans, trans-muconic acid were below the biological exposure index (,500 µg/g creatinine) with an average of 37.34 µg/g creatinine, a median of 30 µg/g creatinine, and an extent from 10 to 150 µg/g creatinine. ...

Attached garages are known to be associated with indoor air volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This study looked at indoor exposure to VOCs presumably from evaporative emissions of gasoline. Alaskan gasoline contains 5% benzene making benzene a marker for gasoline exposure. A survey of randomly chosen houses with attached garages was done in Anchorage Alaska to determine the exposure and assess respiratory health. Householders were asked to complete a health survey for each person and a household survey. They monitored indoor air in their primary living space for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes for one week using passive organic vapor monitoring badges. Benzene levels in homes ranged from undetectable to 58 parts per billion. The median benzene level in 509 homes tested was 2.96 ppb. Elevated benzene levels in the home were strongly associated with small engines and gasoline stored in the garage. High concentrations of benzene in gasoline increase indoor air levels of benzene in residences

Title:No Correlation between Blood Benzene Levels and Luteinizing Hormone Plasma Values in Outdoor Workers. VOLUME: 19 ISSUE: 8. Author(s):Francesco Tomei, Maria V. Rosati, Giovanna Lorusso, Lidia Ricci, Felice M. Damato, Tiziana Caciari, Roberto Giubilati, Teodorico Casale, Bendetta Pimpinella, Stefania Marchione, Nadia Nardone, Natale Mario di Luca, Francesco Massoni, Vincenza Anzelmo, Roberto Massimi, Gianfranco Tomei, Pasquale Ricci, Carmina Sacco and Serafino Ricci*. Affiliation:Spin off Sipro, Via Stimigliano 5, 00199 Rome, Department of Anatomy, Histology, Medical-Legal and the Orthopedics, Specialty Scool of Occupational Medicine, Unit of Occupational Medicine, University of Rome Sapienza, Viale Regina Elena 336, 00161 Rome, Department of Anatomy, Histology, Medical-Legal and the Orthopedics, Specialty Scool of Occupational Medicine, Unit of Occupational Medicine, University of Rome Sapienza, Viale Regina Elena 336, 00161 Rome, Department of Anatomy, Histology, Legal Medicine and ...

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The mechanism of benzene C−H bond activation by [Ir(μ-acac-O,O,C^3)(acac-O,O)(OAc)]_2 (4) and [Ir(μ-acac-O,O,C^3)(acac-O,O)(TFA)]_2 (5) complexes (acac = acetylacetonato, OAc = acetate, and TFA = trifluoroacetate) was studied experimentally and theoretically. Hydrogen−deuterium (H/D) exchange between benzene and CD_(3)COOD solvent catalyzed by 4 (ΔH^‡ = 28.3 ± 1.1 kcal/mol, ΔS^‡ = 3.9 ± 3.0 cal K^(−1) mol^(−1)) results in a monotonic increase of all benzene isotopologues, suggesting that once benzene coordinates to the iridium center, there are multiple H/D exchange events prior to benzene dissociation. B3LYP density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that this benzene isotopologue pattern is due to a rate-determining step that involves acetate ligand dissociation and benzene coordination, which is then followed by heterolytic C−H bond cleavage to generate an iridium-phenyl intermediate. A synthesized iridium-phenyl intermediate was also shown to be competent for H/D ...

Benzene is a widely used chemical produced mainly from petroleum and coal tar (13). It is one of the top 20 chemicals in the United States in terms of production volume, is listed in at least 57% of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Superfund sites (http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/tfacts3.html ), and is considered a priority pollutant by the Environmental Protection Agency (http://www.envirobrowser.com/pollute_q.jsp ). Long-term benzene exposure affects bone marrow and can cause anemia and leukemia (16, 30); therefore, benzene should be removed from contaminated sites. Monooxygenases may be used to hydroxylate and remove benzene, but since phenol, the monohydroxylated product, is also listed as a priority pollutant, double hydroxylation of benzene to catechol is more efficient for combining bioremediation and biocatalysis.. Catechols are important intermediates for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, flavors, polymerization inhibitors, and antioxidants (10, 11). Currently, catechol is ...

Benzene (also known as benzol) is an organic chemical compound used to make a variety of other materials. Benzene can be found in plastic, rubber, lubricant, drugs, and pesticides.. Because it is a carcinogen, benzene can be quite toxic. It’s difficult to avoid exposure, since we can come in contact with benzene through cigarette smoke, gasoline, or automobile exhaust. Once a person is exposed, it can cause damage to the liver, kidneys, lungs, heart, brain, and even DNA. It’s also known to cause cancer and affect fertility.. The maximum permissible level of benzene for water set by the United States Environmental Protection Agency is 0.005mg per liter. While the EPA requires that all accidental spills into the environment over 10lbs be reported, they can’t prevent them.. Refrigerator water filters that can remove benzene include:. ...

Define Benzene derivatives. Benzene derivatives synonyms, Benzene derivatives pronunciation, Benzene derivatives translation, English dictionary definition of Benzene derivatives. n. A colorless, flammable, toxic, liquid aromatic hydrocarbon, C6H6, derived from petroleum and used in or to manufacture a wide variety of chemical...

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Selbyville, Delaware. The report Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid Market Analysis and forecast 2025 maintains enhanced dynamics and is overshadowed by a top player across the globe. The research report provides Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid Market analysis and information corresponding to market segments such as geographies, product type, application, and end-use industry. Experts use the most recent Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid Market research techniques and tools to assemble widespread and precise marketing research reports. A detailed outline about Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid market size and share were combined in this report which gives a comprehensive analysis of different verticals of businesses.. The ratio of shares and breakdowns are defined using verified primary sources. The Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid Market forecast report could be a collection of first-hand info, qualitative and quantitative assessment by Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid industry ...

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However, it is already too late for many, and because benzene exposure related diseases can have a long latency period of several decades in some cases some people may be unaware that they have been affected.. It is important to seek both medical and legal assistance in the event that you think you may have been affected by exposure to this chemical.. An experienced Benzene lawyer can provide the necessary tools and support to put together a strong case and get as much compensation as possible for Benzene related injury.. Both those affected and the family of those that may have passed away due to the effects of exposure may be eligible to claim, and this can be determined by contacting a suitably qualified and experienced lawyer.. An experienced Benzene lawyer will have established links with groups and organizations that will enable you to get support and assistance as well as claim compensation for your injuries.. By going through a trained Benzene lawyer you can avoid many of the pitfalls ...

The United States National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), the United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) have all recognized that Benzene is a carcinogen and have set permissible exposure limits in various workplace and environmental settings. Your employer has an obligation to protect you from both dermal (skin) and inhalation exposure to Benzene. The law imposes an obligation on your employer to provide you with a safe place to work. If your employer failed to provide you with the proper safety equipment when working around Benzene, then you may have a claim against your employer for failing to provide you with a safe place to work.. In addition, depending upon when your exposure took place, the manufacturers of the Benzene may be liable for damages. Investigation into your work history and exposure history to Benzene is a critical component in determining whether you have a claim ...

Enviro-Mich message from Pam Ortner ,[email protected], ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Please see attached flyer. I will be traveling to Sarnia to meet at an occupational health clinic for a presentation on Benzene. There was a recent large spill of Benzene at the plant there, and the managers have threatened workers not to talk about what happened, not even to the occupational health clinic. Workers are fearful of the effects of Benzene and afraid of losing their jobs. They are in contract negotiations with plant and are getting ready to strike. Dr. Peter Infante is with OSHA. At the presentation will be workers, members of a breast cancer coaltion, occupational health nurses, industrial hygienists and docs. If you are interested in hearing the presentation, I can drive several folks with me; Al Cholger with P.A.C.E. International is planning on attending and could drive as well. We could meet at SEMCOSH if you like. If you are interested in a ...

Dec 18, 1989 · Looking at Table 1 one notes that the maximum 8-hour TWA airborne benzene concentration in which a full facepiece respirator with organic vapor cartridges may be used is 50 ppm. Since the 8-hour TWA PEL for benzene is 1 ppm, the protection factor for that respirator is 50, i.e., 50 ppm divided by 1 ppm. Benzene also has a 15-minute STEL of 5 ppm ...

Benzene and toluene mixing ratios were measured in the indoor air of homes with attached garages for several seasons using a thermal desorption GC-FID sampling and analysis protocol (EPA T0-17). Benzene in the living area of these homes ranged from 1--72 ppbv and toluene ranged 3--111 ppbv. The garage levels of benzene ranged from 8--304 pbbv and the toluene levels ranged from 14--591 ppbv. Numerous experiments and a model support the hypothesis of a single source of toluene and benzene. Source strength estimate calculations supported the hypothesis that gasoline in the attached garage is the primary source of these compounds in living area air. They also showed that the home with the air-to-air heat exchangers and forced ventilation had less transport of aromatics than an unventilated home. Perturbation experiments showed that a metal gas can filled with gasoline in the garage and an indoor window open were important factors for benzene and toluene levels in the living areas of the homes. For ...

The FDA currently recommends a limit of two ppm (part per million) for liquid hand sanitizer, but does not have recommendations for others such as sprays.. For its analysis, Valisure sampled 260 bottles from 168 brands sold at various big box stores, supermarkets pharmacies and online retailers across the country.. Of the liquid and non-liquid products tested, 44 batches or 17 percent, had detectable levels of benzene.. A total of 21 bottles, or eight percent of the supply, contained levels of benzene above two parts per million. An eight-ounce bottle of hand sanitizer made by company artnaturals had the highest level of benzene at 16 parts per million.. Test results by the online pharmacy were verified by Yale Universitys Chemical and Biophysical Instrumentation Center and Boston Analytics, a private laboratory.. All of the products with the highest levels of benzene began selling their products in either April or May 2020, according to FDA records, when mainstays were disappearing off of ...

benzene nucleus n : a closed chain of 6 carbon atoms with hydrogen atoms attached [syn: {benzene formula}, {benzene ring}, {Kekule formula}] dictd_www.dict.org_gcide Benzene nucleus Benzene \Benzene\, n. [From {Benzoin}.] (Chem.) A volatile, very inflammable liquid, {C6H6}, contained in the naphtha produced by the destructive distillation of coal, from which it is separated by fractional distillation. The name is so

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Advanced report on Ethyl Benzene Market Added by DataIntelo.com, offers details on current and future growth trends pertaining to the business besides information on myriad regions across the geographical landscape of the Ethyl Benzene Market. The report also expands on comprehensive details regarding the supply and demand analysis, participation by major industry players and market share growth statistics of the business sphere. Download Free Sample Copy of Ethyl Benzene Market Report: https://dataintelo.com/request-sample/?reportId=87066 This research report on Ethyl Benzene Market entails an exhaustive analysis of this business space, along with a succinct overview of its various market segments. The study sums up the market scenario offering a basic overview of the Ethyl Benzene Market with respect to its present position and the industry size, based on revenue and volume. The research also highlights important insights pertaining to the regional ambit of the market as well as the key ...

Los Angeles, United State - The report is a brilliant presentation of critical dynamics, regional growth, competition, and other important aspects of the global Ethyl Benzene Market. It provides accurate market figures and statistics including CAGR, revenue, volume, consumption, production, market shares, price, and gross margin. Each regional market studied in the report is carefully analyzed to explore key opportunities and business prospects they are expected to offer in the near future. The authors of the report profile some of the leading names of the global Ethyl Benzene market on the basis of various factors. This equips players with crucial information and data to improve their business tactics and ensure a strong foothold in the global Ethyl Benzene market.. All of the segments shed light upon in the report are examined for their future growth in the global Ethyl Benzene market. The report also shows their current growth in the global Ethyl Benzene market so that players could cash in ...

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Phil Dennis and Sandra Dworatzek of SiREM will present a platform presentation Advances in Anaerobic Bioremediation of Benzene at Smart Remediation 2019 Toronto and Ottawa events, respectively. The presentation covers advances in our ability to implement anaerobic bioremediation for benzene and other BTEX compounds. These processes have great potential for cost-effective bioremediation of gasoline contamination and at other BTEX sites. The research has been performed under a Genomic Applications Partnership Program grant (Genome Canada) in collaboration with University of Toronto and Federated Cooperatives.. SiREM is a Bronze Sponsor at the Toronto and Ottawa events. The Toronto event will be held January 24th at Lionhead Golf Club and Conference Centre in Brampton and the Ottawa event on February 7th at the Ottawa Conference and Event Centre.. Contact Smart Remediation to Register. ...

Air testing over one of the nations biggest natural gas fields revealed two sites with extremely high levels of cancer-causing benzene and 19 more with

Certain trades put workers at particularly high risk for developing certain benzene-related diseases. Painters, mechanics and workers in the printing industry are at high risk for significant, chronic benzene exposure. But workers have also been exposed in many other industries as well, such as workers in the rubber and plastics industries, machinists, railroad workers, ship & shipyard workers, and refinery workers. Any job that puts workers in regular contact with materials that contain benzene puts those workers at risk for exposure to benzene-particularly because of the chemicals high rate of evaporation. Materials containing benzene may include lubricants, pesticides, detergents, and dyes. If benzene exposure is a risk in your workplace, please take precautions to protect yourself from the effects of this toxic chemical. Even if you dont feel those effects now, you could suffer a devastating disease later in life because of these exposures. ...

Large-scale separation of substances present at low concentrations is readily performed by adsorption in packed beds that requires recurring energy-intensive regeneration of the adsorbent. The present work uses numerical simulations previously developed for industrial-scale packed-bed benzene sorption on activated carbon with temperature-swing regeneration by steam to investigate the influence of steam properties and regeneration strategy on total energy performance and breakthrough behaviour. It is shown that using saturated steam lowers both the steam mass and energy consumption during regeneration of a fixed amount of benzene, whereas using superheated steam returns the bed to a more fresh-like state after each regeneration stage. The most promising variation tried implies a 19% reduction in the energy consumption. Furthermore, the importance of accounting for the real industrial cycling conditions in the optimization of packed-bed adsorbers is highlighted. It is shown that the participation of

Description: Benzene occurs naturally in crude oil. Benzene is a component of petroleum products including diesel fuel and gasoline. Benzene cases have resulted in a wide range of verdicts and settlements. For your information, contact Benzene Lawyers today ...

Ni catalysts supported on Nano porous catalysts were prepared by the impregnation method and tested for vapor phase hydrogenation of benzene. The textural and physico-chemical properties of Ni catalysts were characterized by the X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope and N2 adsorption-desorption analysis. The catalytic evaluation revealed that the best selectivity to benzene (| 84%) and high stability with the low coke deposition (| 1.1%) are related to Ni/Folded Sheets Mesoporous Materials-No. 16. The kinetics of benzene hydrogenation has been examined as a function of benzene and hydrogen pressures at various temperatures. Two kinetic models based on power law and Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanisms were developed for the reaction and compared with the obtained experimental data. The apparent kinetic parameters were estimated using the multiple regression analysis. Both these models present the good results.

TY - JOUR. T1 - Comparative investigation of benzene steam reforming over spinel supported Rh and Ir catalysts. AU - Mei, Donghai. AU - Lebarbier, Vanessa M.. AU - Rousseau, Roger. AU - Glezakou, Vassiliki Alexandra. AU - Albrecht, Karl O.. AU - Kovarik, Libor. AU - Flake, Matt. AU - Dagle, Robert A.. PY - 2013. Y1 - 2013. N2 - In a combined experimental and first-principles density functional theory (DFT) study, benzene steam reforming (BSR) over MgAl2O 4-supported Rh and Ir catalysts was investigated. Experimentally, it has been found that both highly dispersed Rh and Ir clusters (1-2 nm) on the spinel (e.g., MgAl2O4) support are stable during the BSR in the temperature range of 700-850 C. Compared to the Ir/MgAl2O 4 catalyst, the Rh/MgAl2O4 catalyst is more active with higher benzene turnover frequency and conversion. At steam conditions with the molar steam-to-carbon ratio ,12, the benzene conversion is only a weak function of the H2O concentration in the feed. This suggests that the initial ...

The word benzene derives historically from gum benzoin, sometimes called benjamin (i.e., benzoin resin), an aromatic resin known to European pharmacists and perfumers since the fifteenth century as a product of southeast Asia. Benzoin is itself a corruption of the Arabic expression luban jawi, or frankincense of Java. An acidic material was derived from benzoin by sublimation, and named flowers of benzoin, or benzoic acid. The hydrocarbon derived from benzoic acid thus acquired the name benzin, benzol, or benzene.[1] Benzene has been the subject of many studies by scientists ranging from Michael Faraday to Linus Pauling. Faraday first isolated benzene in 1825 from the oily residue derived from the production of illuminating gas, giving it the name bicarburet of hydrogen.[2][3] In 1833, Eilhard Mitscherlich produced it via the distillation of benzoic acid (from gum benzoin) and lime. Mitscherlich gave the compound the name benzin.[4] In 1836 the French chemist Auguste Laurent named ...

Incorporated as Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) in 2016 Benzene Media LLP kicks off its business in primarily government and Corporate Sector later expand its business for everyone. Located in North West Delhi, Benzene Media LLP is providing world class printing service and digital marketing solution to all its customer since its inception. Providing a range of printing solution such as Flex Printing, Vinyl Printing, Sunboard Printing, Oneway Vision Printing, Banner Printing, Hoarding Printing, Poster printing, Pamphlets printing, Visiting Card printing, T-Shirt Printing, Cap Printing, Key Chain Printing, Bag and carry bag printing, Benzene Media LLP always keep its clients satisfied by providing them best quality printing at most cost effective prices. In indoor and outdoor signage, Benzene Media LLP provides Glow Sign Board Printing, Light Board Printing, Letter Cutting Printing, Cut outs printing, Selfie Cutout Printing, ACP Board printing, PVC Stickers Printing, LED Board Printing, ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - A simple, rapid and mild one pot synthesis of benzene ring acylated and demethylated analogues of harmine under solvent-free conditions. AU - Begum, Sabira. AU - Ali, Syed Nawazish. AU - Farhat, AU - Hassan, Syed Imran. AU - Siddiqui, Bina S.. PY - 2008/8. Y1 - 2008/8. N2 - A simple, rapid, solvent-free, room temperature one pot synthesis of benzene ring acylated and demethylated analogues of harmine using acyl halides/acid anhydrides and AlCl3 has been developed. Eight different acyl halides/acid anhydrides were used in the synthesis. The resulting mixture of products was separated by column chromatography to afford 10- and 12-monoacyl analogues, along with 10,12-diacyl-11-hydroxy products. In five cases the corresponding 10-acyl-11-hydroxy analogues were also obtained. Yields from the eight syntheses (29 products in total) were in the 6-34% range and all compounds were fully characterized.. AB - A simple, rapid, solvent-free, room temperature one pot synthesis of benzene ring ...

REGULATION 9 TOXIC AIR CONTAMINANTS CONTENTS PART 1.0 GENERAL 1.1 PURPOSE 1.2 APPLICABILITY 1.3 THROUGHPUT DETERMINATION 1.4 EXEMPTIONS PART 2.0 DEFINITIONS 2.1 ARB CERTIFIED VAPOR RECOVERY SYSTEM 2.2 PHASE I VAPOR RECOVERY SYSTEM 2.3 PHASE II VAPOR RECOVERY SYSTEM 2.4 GASOLINE DISPENSING FACILITY 2.5 EXISTING GASOLINE DISPENSING FACILITY 2.6 MODIFIED GASOLINE DISPENSING FACILITY 2.7 NEW GASOLINE DISPENSING FACILITY 2.8 GASOLINE 2.9 THROUGHPUT 2.10 LEAK FREE 2.11 VAPOR TIGHT PART 3.0 STANDARDS 3.1 TRANSFER REQUIREMENTS 3.2 EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE 3.3 PROHIBITION OF USE 3.4 POSTING OF OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS PART 4.0 ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS 4.1 COMPLIANCE SCHEDULE PART 1.0 GENERAL 1.1 Purpose To comply with Health and Safety Code Section 93101, by reducing benzene emissions from gasoline dispensing facilities. 1.2 Applicability 1.2.1 This rule shall apply to any new or modified gasoline dispensing facility, or to any existing gasoline dispensing facility with an annual throughput of 480,000 ...

A series of silica supported Mn-Ce composite oxides with different Mn/Ce molar ratios were obtained by a simple and environment-friendly oxalate route. The physical and chemical properties were characterized by TG, BET, SEM, TEM, XPS and TPR analysis. All catalysts showed excellent activity towards deep oxidation of benzene. The effects of Mn/Ce ratio, calcination temperature on the structure and catalytic activity of catalysts were investigated. Catalyst from nitrate precursor was also characterized to compare the influence of different precursors. The 6Mn4Ce sample from oxalate route sintered at 400 A degrees C showed the maximum reaction rate of 0.50 mmol gcat(-1)h(-1); T90 of the catalyst is 216 A degrees C. The catalytic activity is related to surface area, pore size distribution, surface elemental species, particle size distribution and low temperature reducibility which may derived from synergistic effect between manganese and cerium oxide. Compared with nitrate precursors, catalyst from ...

MnOx nanoparticles were synthesized by spray pyrolysis, with and without citric acid assistance. The prepared MnOx particles were calcined between 600 and 1000°C and characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and temperature-programmed reduction. The use of citric acid made it possible to reduce the particle size and increase the surface area of the MnOx particles. The highest surface area and reduction activity were achieved with citric acid. As a result, the MnOx nanoparticles prepared with citric acid and calcined at 600°C showed the highest catalytic activity for the oxidation of benzene using ozone ...

BATON ROUGE, La. -- A Louisiana benzene plaintiff whose lawsuit was dismissed has filed an appeal with the 5th Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals, in which he will contest the lower courts finding that the plaintiffs reliance on an MSDS report on benzene and an informational paper on vinyl chloride was insufficient to meet the burden of either general or specific causation. The appeal was filed with the 5th Circuit in January; on Feb. 14, the electronic record on appeal was requested from the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Louisiana, according to the appellate courts online docket. ...

Firm Shareholders James L. Ware and Wes Sprague won a summary judgment in a benzene case in a traditionally difficult venue for defendants, Beaumont, Jefferson County, Texas. The plaintiff was a long time welder who worked for a leading contractor in several refineries and rubber manufacturing facilities in Jefferson County, Harris County, and Galveston County. The allegations were that the welder helped wash tools in benzene on a daily basis leading to his development of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) leaving him unable to work and in need of lifetime medical care. The plaintiffs deposition as to the firm client varied from the initial testimony of exposure which were identical as to each premise. At most the testimony supported there being a residue of liquid inside pipes on occasion which the plaintiff asked his helper to dry with rags before he welded them. In addition to the contradictions in liability evidence, the plaintiffs condition of MDS was refuted and his symptoms may have been ...

The availability and low cost of shale gas has boosted its use as fuel and as a raw material to produce value-added compounds. Benzene is one of the chemicals that can be obtained from methane, and represents one of the most important compounds in the petrochemical industry. It can be synthesized via direct methane aromatization (DMA) or via indirect aromatization (using oxidative coupling of methane). DMA is a direct-conversion process, while indirect aromatization involves several stages. In this work, an economic, energy-saving, and environmental assessment for the production of benzene from shale gas using DMA as a reaction path is presented. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to observe the effect of the operating conditions on the profitability of the process. The results show that production of benzene using shale gas as feedstock can be accomplished with a high return on investment.

TY - JOUR. T1 - Catalytic transformation of methyl benzenes over zeolite catalysts. AU - Al-Khattaf, S.. AU - Akhtar, M. N.. AU - Odedairo, T.. AU - Aitani, A.. AU - Tukur, N. M.. AU - Kubů, M.. AU - Musilová-Pavlačková, Z.. AU - Čejka, J.. N1 - KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2020-10-01 Acknowledged KAUST grant number(s): K-C1-019-12 Acknowledgements: This publication was supported by Award No. K-C1-019-12 made by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST). The support of King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM) is also highly appreciated. The work of M.K. was supported by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic (203/08/H032). This publication acknowledges KAUST support, but has no KAUST affiliated authors.. PY - 2011/2. Y1 - 2011/2. N2 - Catalytic transformation of three methyl benzenes (toluene, m-xylene, and 1,2,4-trimethyl benzene) has been investigated over ZSM-5, TNU-9, mordenite and SSZ-33 catalysts in a novel riser simulator at different operating ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Conversion of methane to benzene over Mo2C and Mo2C/ZSM-5 catalysts. AU - Solymosi, F.. AU - Szöke, A.. AU - Cserényi, J.. PY - 1996/6. Y1 - 1996/6. N2 - The activation and dehydrogenation of CH4 on Mo2C and Mo2C/ZSM-5 have been investigated under non-oxidizing conditions. Unsupported Mo2C exhibited very little activity towards methane decomposition at 973 K. The main reaction pathway was the decomposition of methane to give hydrogen and carbon with a trace amount of ethane. Mixing Mo2C with ZSM-5 support somewhat enhanced its catalytic activity, but did not change the products of the reaction. A dramatic change in the product formation occurred on partially oxidized Mo2C/ZSM-5 catalyst; besides some hydrocarbons benzene was produced with a selectivity of 70-80% at a conversion of 5-7%. Carburization of highly dispersed MoO3 on ZSM-5 also led to a very active catalyst: the conversion of methane at the steady state was 5-6% and the selectivity of benzene formation was 85% ...

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The question is addressed of whether the triruthenium cluster cation [Ru-3(mu(2)-H)(3)(eta(6)C(6)H(6))(eta(6)-C6Me6)(2)(mu(3)-O)](+), 1, is a supramolecular, outer-sphere benzene hydrogenation catalyst or is 1 a precatalyst to well-known Ru(0)(n) catalysis of benzene hydrogenation. This question of "is it homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysis?" is especially important in the present case since if 1 is a supramolecular, homogeneous catalyst as postulated in the literature that is, if 1 can in fact accomplish catalysis of reactions as difficult as benzene reduction with no inner-sphere, d-orbital-mediated ligand dissociation, oxidative addition, migratory insertion, or reductive elimination-then that finding holds promise of rewriting the rules of organometallic-based catalysis. The identity of the true catalyst derived from 1 is, therefore, addressed by a collaborative effort between research groups at the Universite de Neuchatel and Colorado State University. The methodology employed is that