Comparative Animal Behavior meets the need for a student friendly and comprehensive text in the rapidly expanding field of animal behavior. It achieves a good balance between recent, hot research and classic studies of animal behavior, in an organized and engaging manner. Comparative Animal Behavior surpasses other texts in its coverage of the rapidly developing area of evolutionary psychology and differs from standard texts in its organizational approach which is designed to draw students into the material in a way that no other animal behavior textbook does. Brief, rather than extensive, discussions of history are presented throughout the text to hold students interest. The amount of material integrating psychological and biological approaches surpasses the competition. Comparative Animal Behavior also responds to recent shifts in research and theoretical interests by providing current information in the areas of animal learning and cognition, parasitism, and mutualism. Maier describes his book as a
Burnett, Stephanie, Sebastian, Catherine, Cohen Kadosh, Kathrin and Blakemore, Sarah-Jayne (2011) The social brain in adolescence: Evidence from functional magnetic resonance imaging and behavioural studies ...
Mardikar, B.R., A.L. Moholkar and G.V. Joglekar (1973) A report on the behavioural studies in albino mice with berberine sulphate. [Publication] Full text not available from this repository ...
Abnormal versus Normal Behavior,what are the criteria for abnormal behavior.A classification scheme of normal behavior must be developed, and normative data
Dive into the research topics of Time course of the antipsychotic effect and the underlying behavioral mechanisms. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...
Year 2005 the Swedish Armed Forces Dog Instruction Centre, SAFDIC, started a breeding program of German Shepherds in Sollefte . Every year the SAFDIC is expected to deliver at least 50 dogs with the right temperament either to be trained to become a military dog or a breeding dog and there is a need for about 70 police dogs. The dogs that are bred at the kennel of the SAFDIC are raised by volunteers (also called puppy raisers) from the age of eight weeks until they do a standardised behaviour test the behavioural test, at an age of 15 to 18 month. During the time of the stay at the puppy raisers there are three available meetings for the puppy raisers with consultants (which are working for the SAFDIC) to get information from the SAFDIC. If a dog passes the behavioural test they will either be trained by the Swedish Armed Forces for 8-10 months or become a part of the breeding program. The behavioural tests are conducted at five different places; spread across Sweden, with the same test leader ...
Animal Behavior Assignment Help Online, Animal Behavior Project and homework Help Get the Scoop on Animal Behavior Before Youre Too Late Virtually all kinds of behavior performed by means of an animal might be the topic of study. Freque
Innate Behavior: Reflexes, Kineses and Taxes - Video & Lesson … Innate behaviors (article) , Animal behavior , Khan Academy Some organisms perform innate kinesis, undirected change in movement, and taxis, directed change in movement, behaviors in response to stimuli. Fixed action patterns consist of a series of actions triggered by a key stimulus. Innate … ...
This book contains a wide range of information of huge complexity on rat behavior. The book has three objectives. The first objective is to present an introduction of rat behavior. In choosing the rat as the subject species, the book has made the assumption that this species will remain, as it has in the past, the primary subject used the laboratory investigations of behavior. The second objective is to describe the organization and complexity of rat behavior. The major theme emerging from many lines of research on rat behavior is that understanding the rules of behavioral organization will be central in understanding the structural basis of behavior. The third objective is to update, as much as is possible, previous compendiums of rat behavior. Behavioral neuroscience continues to be a diverse field of research in which there remain many competing experimental methods and hypotheses. The behavioral descriptions in this book are closely tied to the laboratory methods from which they were derived, thus
This book contains a wide range of information of huge complexity on rat behavior. The book has three objectives. The first objective is to present an introduction of rat behavior. In choosing the rat as the subject species, the book has made the assumption that this species will remain, as it has in the past, the primary subject used the laboratory investigations of behavior. The second objective is to describe the organization and complexity of rat behavior. The major theme emerging from many lines of research on rat behavior is that understanding the rules of behavioral organization will be central in understanding the structural basis of behavior. The third objective is to update, as much as is possible, previous compendiums of rat behavior. Behavioral neuroscience continues to be a diverse field of research in which there remain many competing experimental methods and hypotheses. The behavioral descriptions in this book are closely tied to the laboratory methods from which they were derived, thus
Behavioral interactions such as dominance are critical components of animal social lives, competitive abilities, and resulting distribution patterns with c
animal behavior - What Is Behavior? - Simply defined, animal behavior is anything an animal does-its feeding habits, its reproductive actions, the way it rears its young, and a host of other activities. Behavior is always an organized action. It is the whole animals adjustment to changes inside its body or in its surroundings.The group activities of animals are an important aspect of animal behavior. Bees, for example, communicate with each other about food, and birds may flock during migratory flights.…
This course represents a capstone requirement and experiential learning opportunity; it teaches students the ways and means of exploring animal behaviour and understanding the intricacies of animal interactions with and within their natural environment. Conducted initially in a wildlife sanctuary in Sabah, Malaysia, and currently at two field sites in South Africa, this course exposes students to research-in-making with hands-on participation in field studies of animal behaviour and behavioural ecology. It teaches students how to build a conceptual framework for investigating animal behaviour and how to put this framework into a practice of collecting, processing, and analysing data. ...
There is a growing amount of research demonstrating that adequate quality and quantity of sleep is closely related to improved health and behavioral outcomes in children. Getting enough sleep makes children healthier and parents happier. The American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends behavioral treatment for insomnia in children. Behavioral methods are quite effective. According to a recent review of behavioral methods to treat insomnia (SLEEP, Vol. 29, No. 10, 2006), more than 80 percent of children … Read More. ...
The Small Animal Behavior Core (SABC) at Augusta University is a state-of-the art facility designed to serve as a time-efficient and cost-effective service for researchers in need of behavioral analyses in small animals (specifically, mice and rats). The Core provides expertise in all aspects related to the design and implementation of behavioral experiments as well as data analysis and interpretation. The core is fully equipped to accommodate a full battery of behavioral tests relevant to learning and memory, sensory gating, place/fear conditioning, motor function, nociception, and anxiety-related behaviors, etc. We ask that whenever possible, all clients acknowledge the Small Animal Behavior Core in published manuscripts ...
The Animal Behavior Center is pleased to present the 4th annual Animal Training, Behavior and Health Seminar. The October event features hands-on workshops and lectures from industry leaders on the science of Applied Behavior Analysis, training, nutrition, health and enrichment. Additionally, we will be offering tours of the facility. Zoo professionals, veterinarians and companion animal lovers alike will find benefit from this educational event. When we know better, we do better! The seminar features industry professionals and the presentation of live education animals inside the centers unique facility-a 10,000 sq. ft. former greenhouse, converted into a free-flight animal enrichment and educational center. Attendees will learn about some of the animal behavior, training and health issues that can present during the life of the animal through hands-on workshops, lectures from industry leaders and tours of the facility. Speaker bios can be found here: ...
Help a local zoo design better enrichment programs for the animals that live there. Learn how great apes think by talking to one with a 3,000-word English vocabulary. Publish research on how birds learn and perceive their environment. Conduct primate conservation research with your seminar class in Uganda. These are just a few of the experiences you can have as part of the Comparative Animal Behavior concentration at Drake University.. You will study the science behind animal behavior, looking not just at how animals behave but why they behave as they do. Topics of study include evolution, neuroscience, psychology, and much more.. Youll be able to engage in significant experiential learning with multiple species. Some of these experiences and internships are made possible through local resources including Drakes existing laboratories; the range of animal species at Des Moines Blank Park Zoo; Iowas naturally diverse farm animal and wildlife populations; and the Ape Cognition & Conservation ...
This course, which is prescribed for level 1 students and optional for level 2 students, is studied entirely online and covers topics relating to careers and employability, equality and diversity and health, safety and wellbeing. During the course you will learn about the Aberdeen Graduate Attributes, how they are relevant to you and the opportunities available to develop your skills and attributes alongside your University studies. You will also gain an understanding of equality and diversity and health, safety and wellbeing issues. Successful completion of this course will be recorded on your Enhanced Transcript as Achieved (non-completion will be recorded as Not Achieved). The course takes approximately 3 hours to complete and can be taken in one sitting, or spread across a number of weeks and it will be available to you throughout the academic year.This course, which is prescribed for level 1 students and optional for level 2 students and above, is studied entirely online and covers ...
There might be a role of the motivation in what obtain individuals attention, importance, confidence or satisfaction in an individual situation. Also, it is possible that there is a role of the motivation in what heightens Individual Behavior will, the nature of his goals, eagerness for success or fail, furthermore what is considered suitable identification for gaining achievement. As this kind of motivation is not static, it might change as some other motivation adapt to the Individual circumstance.. Many studies have been conducted on Individual behavior to learn during the past decades. There is also a growing body of experimental proposals on Individual behaviors into the UAE society. However, none of these studies specifically addressed any culturally different variables that might affect such individuals motivation or its change as an Individual becomes familiarized to the social environment. Further, most previous studies on local individual behaviors were conducted in Western higher ...
Starring Jim Wiliams and Mike Finland, Animal Behavior is the story of Tugger and Ripper. Two seemingly normal house cats. But Tugger has a plan. Hes in love with his owners girlfriend. And to get her love he can only find one solutions. World domination. And it starts at home. He ropes his kitten brother Ripper into doing away with their owner Jon by hatching traps, and pranks that may cause his demise. Once Jons gone they can live with his girlfriend and then take over the world from there. But nothing goes as planned and the world just isnt ready for two cats to run it! If youre a fan of Looney Tunes and The Muppets then Elmwood Productions Animal Behavior is right up your alley! ...
Buy, download and read Animal Behavior Desk Reference ebook online in PDF format for iPhone, iPad, Android, Computer and Mobile readers. Author: Edward M. Barrows. ISBN: 9781420039474. Publisher: CRC Press. Revised and updated, containing over 5,000 entries, with over 1,100 more entries than in the previous edition, Animal Behavior Desk Reference, Second Edition: A Dictionary of Behavior, Ecology, and Ev
Find helpful learner reviews, feedback, and ratings for Animal Behaviour and Welfare from The University of Edinburgh. Read stories and highlights from Coursera learners who completed Animal Behaviour and Welfare and wanted to share their experience. This course was very informative and interesting! I enjoyed the lectures as well as the instructors ...
Find helpful learner reviews, feedback, and ratings for Animal Behaviour and Welfare from The University of Edinburgh. Read stories and highlights from Coursera learners who completed Animal Behaviour and Welfare and wanted to share their experience. This course was very informative and interesting! I enjoyed the lectures as well as the instructors ...
Build your Life Science Libraries with books about animals behavior. Titles in the Animal Behavior Collection:* Title Author Almost Gone Steve Jenkins Amazing Dolphins Sarah Thomson Animal Dads Steve Jenkins Animals in Flight Steve Jenkins Animals on the Go Jessica Brett Big Tracks, Little Tracks Millicent E. Selsam
WE ARE DEDICATED to helping others experience the same joy we share with our own pets. CattleDog Publishing takes scientific principles of animal behavior and creates practical applications that are easy to understand and accessible for everyday use. Our understanding and knowledge, and thus our training and teaching techniques, are always evolving. They allow us to create unique educational materials to empower both pet-care professionals and pet owners. Our insight into the animals point of view and awareness of how all our interactions affect them allows us and our pets to have fun and enjoy life together every day.. ...
Animal Behavior Desk Reference: A Dictionary of Animal Behavior, Ecology, and Evolution. By Edward M. Burrows and published by Taylor & Francis in 2011, this is the Third Edition. This volume is located in the Cary Veterinary Medical Library under call number QL 750.3 .B37 2011.. ...
The GABAA receptor mediates fast, inhibitory signaling, and cortical expression of the α1 subunit increases during postnatal development. Certain pathological stimuli such as stressors or prenatal cocaine exposure can interfere with this process, but causal relationships between GABAA α1 deficiency and complex behavioral outcomes remain unconfirmed. We chronically reduced GABAA α1 expression selectively in the medial prefrontal cortex (prelimbic subregion) of mice using viral-mediated gene silencing of Gabra1. Adolescent-onset Gabra1 knockdown delayed the acquisition of a cocaine-reinforced instrumental response but spared cocaine seeking in extinction and in a cue-induced reinstatement procedure. To determine whether response acquisition deficits could be associated with impairments in action-outcome associative learning and memory, we next assessed behavioral sensitivity to instrumental contingency degradation. In this case, the predictive relationship between familiar actions and their ...
The GABAA receptor mediates fast, inhibitory signaling, and cortical expression of the α1 subunit increases during postnatal development. Certain pathological stimuli such as stressors or prenatal cocaine exposure can interfere with this process, but causal relationships between GABAA α1 deficiency and complex behavioral outcomes remain unconfirmed. We chronically reduced GABAA α1 expression selectively in the medial prefrontal cortex (prelimbic subregion) of mice using viral-mediated gene silencing of Gabra1. Adolescent-onset Gabra1 knockdown delayed the acquisition of a cocaine-reinforced instrumental response but spared cocaine seeking in extinction and in a cue-induced reinstatement procedure. To determine whether response acquisition deficits could be associated with impairments in action-outcome associative learning and memory, we next assessed behavioral sensitivity to instrumental contingency degradation. In this case, the predictive relationship between familiar actions and their ...
INPROCEEDINGS {31908, author={R. Jesus and M. Antunes and D.G. Gomes and R. Aguiar}, doi={10.5220/0006373804190423}, booktitle={INSTICC Int. Conf. on Internet of Things and Big Data IoTBD}, title={Extracting Knowledge from Stream Behavioural Patterns}, year={2017}, month={April}, volume={}, pages ...
The process of diagnosing mental illness is generally finding the way in which the sufferer has deviated from what is considered to be normal behaviour. The cure is then manipulating the sufferers symptoms in such a way that they return to compliance of, perceived, normal behaviour, or at least appear to. Normal behaviour is, in…
Using detailed individual-based tracking of free-swimming stickleback shoals, we found that groups changed their behaviour considerably depending on the environment. In an open context without food or cover, groups tended to move at a moderate speed, had high alignment and were relatively cohesive. The addition of food led groups to move more slowly while becoming less cohesive and less aligned. Finally, an environment with both food and plant cover resulted in often only subsets of fish to emerge that were generally more cohesive and well aligned. However, adapting the statistical framework used in the animal personality literature [37,38] to investigate consistent behavioural differences at the level of the group, we demonstrate that groups had consistent behavioural differences that persisted not only within but also across different contexts: some groups were consistently faster, more cohesive, more aligned and/or exhibited clearer leadership structure than other groups. These differences ...
Morphological screening of mouse brains with known behavioural deficits can give great insight into the relationship between brain regions and their behaviour. Oxytocin- and CD38-deficient mice have previously been shown to have behavioural phenotypes, such as restrictions in social memory, social interactions, and maternal behaviour. CD38 is reported as an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) candidate gene and these behavioural phenotypes may be linked to ASD. To address whether these behavioural phenotypes relate to brain pathology and neuronal morphology, here we investigate the morphological changes in the CD38-deficient mice brains, with focus on the pathology and neuronal morphology of the cortex and hippocampus, using Nissl staining, immunohistochemistry, and Golgi staining ...
The core validates all assays; allows for testing of pharmacological or other manipulations to study disease models; incorporates necropsy endpoints to behavioral assays as needed; and provides guidance on interpretation and analysis of data. Investigators can use the facility to look at a variety of sensory, motor, and cognitive indicators, which can signal differences in the underlying physiology of the animal model. The facility also has the ability to execute behavioral studies requested via a fee-for-service or via collaborative efforts, provide behavioral training and advise in behavioral experimental design and questions. In addition to providing behavioral assays, the core helps train graduate students and postdoctoral researchers on the implementation of sound experimental design for behavioral studies and to use specific equipment ...
The present work defends the idea that grammatical categories are not intrinsic to mergeable items, taking as a departure point Lennebergs (1967, 1975) claim that syntactic objects are definable only contextually. It is argued that there are four different strands of inquiry that are of interest when one seeks to build an evolutionarily plausible theory of labels and operation Label: (i) linguistic constraints on adjacent elements of the same type such as Repetition/Identity Avoidance ([*XX]), (ii) data that flout these constraints ([XX]), (iii) disorders that raise questions as to whether the locus of impairment is a categorial feature per se, and (iv) operation Label as a candidate for human uniqueness. After discussing categorial identity through these perspectives, this work first traces the origins and manifestations of Identity Avoidance in language and other domains of human cognition, with emphasis on attention orienting. Second, it proposes a new processing principle, the Novel ...
The American Humane Association has created a new Animal Training and Behavior Committee, enlisting the help of representatives of major national organizations and key opinion leaders in the field of animal behavior and training. The committee hopes to gather a consensus among animal trainers and behavior specialists about the most effective reward-based training methods.. In this era of TV dog training, science and common sense often go out the window, says committee member Marjie Alonso, president of the International Association of Animal Behavior Consultants. Everything we say will be provable. We can say, here are the studies to back it up.. Recent scientific research has dispelled many conventional ideas about animal behavior, and the committee hopes to spread this knowledge to the general public through projects like expanding the American Humane Animal Behavior Resources Institute Online, a valuable resource for animal professionals and pet owners.. Dogs and humans equally benefit ...
SS information coding and behavioral activity. (A) Schematic illustrations of good (upper left panel) and poor (upper right panel) SS information coding associa
This module takes an evolutionary approach to the study of animal behaviour, with the aim of stimulating a questioning approach to the observation of the natural world. We will observe spectacular, subtle or sometimes surprising behaviours to investigate how animals across a range of taxa increase their chances of survival and reproduction. We will also consider the role of the environment and genes in shaping behaviour, and investigate how social interactions affect individual behavioural decisions. Using practical studies on shore crabs and guppies, we will conduct our own research on animal behaviour, and this will be underpinned by theory which will be introduced in lectures. The module aims to enable students to learn key concepts in behavioural research, and to provide a foundation for developing their own specialist interest in the third year module Advances in Animal Behaviour (BNS-3004). By the end of the module, we would expect students to be able to:- o Explain how evolutionary ...
This module takes an evolutionary approach to the study of animal behaviour, with the aim of stimulating a questioning approach to the observation of the natural world. We will observe spectacular, subtle or sometimes surprising behaviours to investigate how animals across a range of taxa increase their chances of survival and reproduction. We will also consider the role of the environment and genes in shaping behaviour, and investigate how social interactions affect individual behavioural decisions. Using practical studies on shore crabs and guppies, we will conduct our own research on animal behaviour, and this will be underpinned by theory which will be introduced in lectures. The module aims to enable students to learn key concepts in behavioural research, and to provide a foundation for developing their own specialist interest in the third year module Advances in Animal Behaviour (BNS-3004). By the end of the module, we would expect students to be able to:- o Explain how evolutionary ...
Abstract Understanding collective action in biological processes is a central challenge, essential for achieving progress in a variety of fields ranging from the organization and evolution of neural decision-making circuits, to the coordinated communication among cells, or animals, to the dynamics of information exchange among sophisticated organisms, and the emergence of complex societies. Consequently the study of collective behavior naturally spans scales, from how neural circuits control individual behavior, to the analogous issue of determining the structure and function of the communication network among organisms that gives rise to emergent group, and population-level, behavior. Insights and paradigms from the study of collective behavior help reveal unifying principles, as well as important differences, across scales of biological organization.. We seek PhD candidates for both experimental and theoretical projects investigating collective behavior in invertebrates (e.g. ants, locusts) or ...
Given the choice, no animal would choose to live an unnatural life of captivity, regardless of the kindness of the treatment and no animal would choose a life that allows none of their natural behaviour. Certainly animals would not choose to be taken from their families to be obliged to amuse us. Circus animals spend months travelling in small, bare cages. The stress of continued confinement as well as the transportation result in long term suffering and a lack of appropriate social interaction, reduction in time spent foraging and the restricted freedom to perform natural behaviours represent stressors for captive animals. A natural environments cannot be recreated in a circuses due to the traveling, with inadequate acommodation and exercise areas and forced movement, handling by humans,, noise along with the confinement results in both short-term as well as long-term behavioural and psychological effects. ...
A new cell culture platform allows researchers to observe never-before-seen behaviors of live cancer cells under the microscope, leading to explanations of long-known cancer characteristics.
b. Behavioral Phenotyping Core - Co-Directors: Laura Ranum and Mark Thomas Overview and Significance: Necessity of Core: Over the past few years, the need for a...
TY - GEN. T1 - Probabilistic Analysis of Temporal and Sequential Aspects of Activities of Daily Living for Abnormal Behaviour Detection. AU - Konios, Alexandros. AU - Garcia-Constantino, Matias. AU - Christopoulos, Stavros. AU - Mustafa, Mustafa. AU - Ekerete, Idongesit. AU - Shewell, Colin. AU - Nugent, Chris. AU - Morrison, Gareth. N1 - Conference code: 16. PY - 2020/4/9. Y1 - 2020/4/9. N2 - This paper presents a probabilistic approach for the identification of abnormal behaviour in Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) from dense sensor data collected from 30 participants. The ADLs considered are related to preparing and drinking (i) tea, and (ii) coffee. Abnormal behaviour identified in the context of these activities can be an indicator of a progressive health problem or the occurrence of a hazardous incident.The approach presented considers the temporal and sequential aspects of the actions that are part of each ADL and that vary between participants.The average and standard deviation for the ...
TY - GEN. T1 - Probabilistic Analysis of Abnormal Behaviour Detection in Activities of Daily Living. AU - Garcia-Constantino, Matias. AU - Konios, Alexandros. AU - Ekerete, Idongesit. AU - Christopoulos, Stavros. AU - Shewell, Colin. AU - Nugent, CD. AU - Morrison, Gareth. PY - 2019/3/1. Y1 - 2019/3/1. N2 - This paper presents a probabilistic approach for the identification of abnormal behaviour in Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) from sensor data collected from 30 participants. The ADLs considered are: (i) preparing and drinking tea, and (ii) preparing and drinking coffee. Abnormal behaviour identified in the context of these activities can be an indicator of a progressive health problem or the occurrence of a hazardous incident. The approach presented considers the temporal aspect of the sequences of actions that are part of each ADL and that vary between participants. The average and standard deviation for the durations of each action were calculated to define an average time and a range in ...
A review of ethical concepts related to our use of animals and their welfare. Discussion of problems in the definition of welfare and the design of welfare assessment schemes. Evaluation of the relative roles of behavioural and physiological measurements in the assessment of welfare, including the links between behavioural and physiological measures used in the assessment of stress and pain. Human-animal interactions and their effects on animal performance. Learning theory and its applications in the training of animals and the correction of behavioural problems. Preference tests and their design and interpretation. `Natural behaviour?, changes in behavior during domestication and their relationship to trainability and welfare. Temperament tests and their applications. Genetic selection for behavioural traits. Abnormal behaviours and their treatment. ...
A review of ethical concepts related to our use of animals and their welfare. Discussion of problems in the definition of welfare and the design of welfare assessment schemes. Evaluation of the relative roles of behavioural and physiological measurements in the assessment of welfare, including the links between behavioural and physiological measures used in the assessment of stress and pain. Human-animal interactions and their effects on animal performance. Learning theory and its applications in the training of animals and the correction of behavioural problems. Preference tests and their design and interpretation. `Natural behaviour?, changes in behavior during domestication and their relationship to trainability and welfare. Temperament tests and their applications. Genetic selection for behavioural traits. Abnormal behaviours and their treatment. ...
Enriching your pets daily life starts with supporting natural behaviors such as exploring, playing, hiding, and chewing. Oxbow Enriched Life is designed with these natural behaviors in mind and is constructed from 100% pet-safe materials, allowing you to nurture your pets mind and body is safe and fun ways every day.
Oxbow Crazy ShakersEnriching your pets daily life starts with supporting natural behaviors suchas exploring, playing, hiding, and chewing. Oxbow enriched life is designedwith these natural behaviors in mind and is constructed from 100% pet-saf...
Women live longer than men almost anywhere in the world. The question is whether this is due primarily to behavioural differences and social factors, or whether biological factors also play a role. To better understand the female survival advantage, Zarulli et al. (2018) investigated the survival of men and women in seven populations under extreme conditions due to famines, epidemics and slavery. They found that even when mortality was very high, women lived longer on average than men. Most of the female advantage was due to differences among infants with baby girls being able to survive harsh conditions better than baby boys. Behavioural differences are unlikely to play a crucial role at this age and social factors may be neutral or favour male survival. Thus, the results of the biodemographic research of Zarulli et al. add another piece to the puzzle of gender differences in survival by suggesting that although the female survival advantage is influenced by socially and environmentally ...
Reviews the book, Animal Behavior: An Evolutionary Approach (4th ed.) by John Alcock (1989). Alcock has restructured the arrangement of chapters (e.g., chapters on categories of behavior and on evolutionary history appear in different positions than previously). There are now separate chapters on parental care, sexual selection and mating behavior, and mating systems. Sets of discussion questions have been added at the end of each chapter. Throughout the book Alcock has made a more sustained effort to distinguish between proximate and ultimate questions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved) ...