article{52e1c761-60b9-47e4-a452-0c3f8d93536e, abstract = {Aims/hypothesis Islet autoantibodies, in addition to elevated blood glucose, define type 1 diabetes. These autoantibodies are detectable for a variable period of time before diabetes onset. Thus, the occurrence of islet autoantibodies is associated with the beginning of the disease process. The age at, and order in, which autoantibodies appear may be associated with different genetic backgrounds or environmental exposures, or both. Methods Infants with HLA-DR high-risk genotypes (DR3/4, DR4/4, DR4/8 and DR3/3) were enrolled and prospectively followed with standardised autoantibody assessments quarterly throughout the first 4 years of life and then semi-annually thereafter. Results Autoantibodies appeared in 549/8,503 (6.5%) children during 34,091 person-years of follow-up. Autoantibodies at 3 (0.1%) and 6 (0.2%) months of age were rare. Of the 549, 43.7% had islet autoantibodies to insulin (IAA) only, 37.7% had glutamic acid decarboxylase ...
Background/Purpose: Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a leading cause of disease-related death in SSc patients. Some studies suggest that the timing of PF development differs between patients with different autoantibodies. We set out to assess a large single-center SSc cohort, focusing on the timing of clinically significant PF (csPF), and to compare this within subgroups with different disease-specific autoantibodies, in particular ACA, anti-Scl-70 and anti-RNA polymerase antibody (ARA). Methods: Patients with confirmed SSc and information on autoantibodies were included. PF was confirmed on high-resolution CT and defined as clinically significant based on at least one of the following: FVC,70%; a drop in FVC,15%; DLCO,70% with no pulmonary hypertension (PH) present; or a drop in DLCO,15% with no PH. Only subjects who had first available lung function test result within the first 3 years from onset were included. 1-Kaplan-Meier (1-KM) estimation was used to calculate cumulative incidence of csPF. To ...
OBJECTIVE As data on the predictive characteristics of diabetes-associated autoantibodies for type 1 diabetes in the general population are scarce, we assessed the predictive performance of islet cell autoantibodies (ICAs) in combination with autoantibodies against insulin (IAAs), autoantibodies against GAD, and/or islet antigen 2 for type 1 diabetes in children with HLA-defined disease predisposition recruited from the general population.. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We observed 7,410 children from birth (median 9.2 years) for β-cell autoimmunity and diabetes. If a child developed ICA positivity or diabetes, the three other antibodies were measured in all samples available from that individual. Persistent autoantibody positivity was defined as continued positivity in at least two sequential samples including the last available sample.. RESULTS Pre-diabetic ICA positivity was observed in 1,173 subjects (15.8%), 155 of whom developed type 1 diabetes. With ICA screening, 86% of 180 progressors ...
ANAs have been known to be present in BC sera for several decades [25] but their significance remains unknown [24]. This is likely because autoantibodies are part of the normal immune response, and sera from healthy subjects exhibit a plethora of autoantibodies not related to cancer [30-32]. The application of genomics and proteomics to biomarker discovery allowed the identification of multiple autoantibodies in BC sera recognizing TAAs [3-10]. These studies strongly suggested the possibility that autoantibodies in cancer sera were potentially useful biomarkers for the early diagnosis of BC. The seminal work establishing the role of autoantibodies as diagnostic biomarkers in the rheumatic ADs [16-20] suggested the hypothesis that the model epitomized by the rheumatic ADs is highly relevant to explain the plethora of autoantibodies detected in cancer sera. Importantly, PBC as an organ-specific autoimmune disease is characterized by a set of autoantibodies with mitochondrial specificity with ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Investigation of myositis and scleroderma specific autoantibodies in patients with lung cancer. AU - Betteridge, Zoe E. AU - Priest, Lynsey. AU - Cooper, Robert G. AU - McHugh, Neil J. AU - Blackhall, Fiona. AU - Lamb, Janine A. PY - 2018/8/9. Y1 - 2018/8/9. N2 - BACKGROUND: The close temporal association between onset of some connective tissue diseases and cancer suggests a paraneoplastic association. Adult patients with scleroderma with anti-RNA polymerase III autoantibodies and adult patients with dermatomyositis with anti-transcriptional intermediary factor 1 (anti-TIF1) or anti-nuclear matrix protein 2 (anti-NXP2) autoantibodies have a significantly increased risk of developing cancer. Autoantibodies may serve as biomarkers for early detection of cancer and also could be relevant for prediction of responses to immune therapies. We aimed to test whether myositis and scleroderma specific or associated autoantibodies are detectable in individuals with lung cancer.METHODS: Serum ...
We have observed striking associations of islet autoantibodies with HLA alleles and haplotypes. Because levels of autoantibodies reduce after diagnosis of disease (26), there will be an increased false-negative rate for IA-2A and GADA compared with at time of diagnosis. A faster decline in GADA and/or IA-2A positivity in the younger onset case subjects, which we had limited power to detect, may be possible. However, we have adjusted for diabetes duration in our analyses, so the genetic associations we report were not attributable to decline in autoantibody levels (Supplementary Data). Although the false-negative rate reduces the power of our study to detect genetic associations, it does not affect the significant associations obtained. We cannot comment on genetic associations with autoantibody positivity prediagnosis since we only measured autoantibodies at a single time point at or after diagnosis. Some case subjects will have been transiently positive for autoantibodies. However, we were ...
Abstract OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS: The aim of this prospective study is to evaluate the possible association between Ménières disease (MD) and autoantibodies. METHODS: Fifty-five patients with definite MD (51 unilateral and 4 bilateral) were matched with 55 patients with unilateral vestibular paresis without cochlear involvement and 55 healthy subjects. Blood samples were collected from all study subjects for the determination of serum TSH, free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, anti-TSH receptor antibody, antithyroperoxidase antibody, antithyroglobulin antibody and of antibodies to non-organ-specific antigens, namely antinuclear antibodies, antibodies to extractable nuclear antigens and antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies. RESULTS: Thirty-three subjects (60%) of the MD group had 1 or more elevated serum autoantibody levels, both organ and non-organ specific; 16 patients (29.1%) with unilateral vestibular paresis had 1 or more elevated serum autoantibody levels, while 13 healthy subjects ...
Idiotypic cross-reactions were evaluated in 60 polynucleotide-binding monoclonal lupus autoantibodies produced by human-human hybridomas that were derived from seven unrelated patients with SLE. Three antiidiotype reagents were prepared by immunization of rabbits or a mouse with monoclonal autoantibodies from two patients. Binding of the three reagents to their corresponding idiotypes was inhibited by one or more polynucleotides, an indication that the antiidiotypes reacted with the variable regions of the autoantibodies. Each antiidiotype appeared to detect a different idiotypic determinant. Of the 60 monoclonal autoantibodies tested, 40 reacted in one or more competitive immunoassays; 15 reacted with one antiidiotype, 10 reacted with two antiidiotypes and 15 reacted with three antiidiotypes. A monoclonal antiidiotype reagent cross-reacted with autoantibodies from six of the seven patients. The idiotypic cross-reactions of immunoglobulins from unrelated patients suggest that the autoantibodies ...
Gerard-Gonzalez A, Gitelman SE, Cheng P, Dubose SN, Miller KM, Olson BA, Redondo MJ, Steck AK, Beck RW. Comparison of autoantibody-positive and autoantibody-negative pediatric participants enrolled in the T1D Exchange clinic registry (1). J Diabetes. , June, 2013; 5(2):216-23 ...
Fibrillarin, a component of the U3 RNP particle, is a target for the spontaneously arising autoantibodies in human scleroderma and a monoclonal autoantibody (72B9) derived from the autoimmune mouse strain (NZB x NZW) F1. Autoantibodies against fibrillarin can also be induced in H-2s mice by treatment with mercuric chloride (HgCl2). The objective of this study was to compare the spontaneously occurring anti-fibrillarin autoantibody response with the autoantibody response induced by HgCl2 treatment. Immunofluorescence microscopy on human HEp2, mouse 3T3, and Xenopus XIK-2 cells, immunoblotting with use of nuclear extract from human MOLT-4, mouse 3T3, and Xenopus XIK-2 cells, and immunoprecipitation with use of in vitro translation products of RNA transcripts from yeast fibrillarin cDNA were used in this analysis. Both spontaneous and induced autoantibodies displayed common reactivity in that, irrespective of the antigenic source, they gave the same nucleolar immunofluorescence pattern and a ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - A Novel Autoantibody to Plasminogen and Its Characterization in Heymann Nephritis. AU - Makker, Sudesh P. PY - 1994/7. Y1 - 1994/7. N2 - Heymann nephritis (HN) of rat is an experimental model of human membranous glomerulonephropathy (MGN). It is generally accepted that the glomerular lesion of HN results from the binding of antibodies (autoantibodies in active HN and heterologous antibodies in passive HN) to gp330, a receptor of the low-density lipoprotein receptor superfamily located on the glomerular epithelial cell. We have previously shown that plasminogen (plg) is a ligand for gp330. This report shows that in addition to antibodies to receptor, gp330, novel autoantibodies (Aab) to ligand, plg, also develop in the course of HN and accumulate selectively and in parallel with gp330 antibodies in the glomeruli of both active and passive HN. Aab to plg are present in serum and in immunoglobulin G (IgG) eluted from glomeruli of diseased animals with the concentration severalfold ...
The present study has three important findings. First, one-third of patients with active TB had elevated serum autoantibodies. The prevalences of their autoantibodies, especially anticardiolipin IgG and anti-Scl-70, were significantly higher than those of the general population.10 Second, consistent with previous studies,1-4 the presence of autoantibodies neither altered the clinical manifestations and radiographic findings of active TB nor changed the risk of developing adverse events during anti-TB treatment. Third, the elevated autoantibody levels returned to normal limits simply by anti-TB treatment and not by immunosuppressive therapy. These findings suggest that increased serum autoantibodies during active TB may not be diagnostic of autoimmune diseases. Clinical correlation and follow-up are still necessary.. Autoantibodies come from a break in self-tolerance whereby fragments of mixed self-antigens and pathogen antigens may induce immune response, as in a mode of epitope spread and ...
Looking for islet autoantibodies? Find out information about islet autoantibodies. city , capital of Ica region, SW Peru, on the Pan-American Highway Pan-American Highway, system of roads, c.16,000 mi long, linking the nations of the... Explanation of islet autoantibodies
TY - JOUR. T1 - The relevance of antigen binding to the pathogenicity of lupus autoantibodies. AU - Madaio, Michael P.. PY - 2012/7/2. Y1 - 2012/7/2. N2 - Although lupus autoantibodies provide diagnostic value, discordance between serum levels and nephritis poses mechanistic questions. Krishnan and co-workers report that only those that crossreact with basement membrane components produce immune deposits. Thus, other glomerular binding properties probably define where deposits form. Thereafter, Fc-and complement-mediated events influence disease expression. Clearly other factors determine the ultimate phenotype; however, the findings provide insights into the variable disease patterns in lupus nephritis.. AB - Although lupus autoantibodies provide diagnostic value, discordance between serum levels and nephritis poses mechanistic questions. Krishnan and co-workers report that only those that crossreact with basement membrane components produce immune deposits. Thus, other glomerular binding ...
Abstract: : Purpose:Glaucoma is worldwide one of the leading causes of blindness. There is evidence that an autoimmune mechanism is involved in a subset of glaucoma patients. The aim of this study was to analyze the autoantibody repertoires in sera of glaucoma patients and healthy subjects. Methods:A total of 100 patients were divided into four groups: healthy volunteers without any ocular disorders (n=25), patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG, n=25), ocular hypertension (OHT, n=25), and normal tension glaucoma (NTG, n=25). All groups were matched for age and gender. The sera of patients were testest against western blots of retinal antigens. The autoantibody patterns were digitized and subsequently analyzed by multivariate statistical techniques and artificial neural networks. Results:All patients showed different, complex staining patterns of autoantibodies against retinal antigens. The number of peaks was increased in sera of POAG patients compared to all other groups. Including ...
Combinations of beta cell specific autoantibodies at diagnosis of diabetesin young adults reflects different courses of beta cell damage. ...
Acetyl Choline Receptor Autoantibodies Blood - View Normal Values, Test Results, Procedure to conduct & Prices for Acetyl Choline Receptor Autoantibodies Blood | Practo
In systemic sclerosis (SSc), autoantibodies provide the most accurate tool to predict the disease subset and pattern of organ involvement. Scleroderma autoantibodies target nucleic acids or DNA/RNA-binding proteins, thus SSc immune complexes (ICs) can embed nucleic acids. Our working hypothesis envisaged that ICs containing scleroderma-specific autoantibodies might elicit proinflammatory and profibrotic effects in skin fibroblasts. Fibroblasts were isolated from skin biopsies obtained from healthy subjects and patients with diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc). ICs were purified by polyethylene-glycol precipitation from sera of SSc patients bearing different autoantibodies. ICs from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and primary anti-phospholipid syndrome (PAPS) and from normal healthy subjects (NHS) were used as controls. After incubation with ICs, fibroblasts were evaluated for ICAM-1 expression, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)
Aims. A new perspective on autoantibodies as pivotal players in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) has recently emerged. Our key objective was to examine whether increased levels of autoantibodies against the β-cell autoantigens glutamic acid decarboxylase (isoform 65) (GADA) and insulinoma associated antigen-2A (IA-2A) mirrored the 3.4% annual increase in incidence of T1D. Methods. From the Danish Childhood Diabetes Register, we randomly selected 500 patients and 500 siblings for GADA and IA-2A analysis (1997 through 2005). Blood samples were taken within three months after onset. A robust log-normal regression model was used. Nine hundred children and adolescents had complete records and were included in the analysis. Cochran-Armitage test for trend was used to evaluate changes in prevalence of autoantibody positivity by period. Results. No significant changes in levels of GADA and IA-2A were found over our 9-year study period. No trends in autoantibody positivity-in either patients or ...
Sputum and serum autoantibody profiles and their clinical correlation patterns in COPD patients with and without eosinophilic airway inflammation
Insulin Autoantibodies to insulin (IAA) can predict risk of type-1 diabetes or confirm a diagnosis of type-1 diabetes. IAA are most common in children with or at risk for type-1 diabetes.. GAD, GAD65 Autoantibodies to GAD (GADA), like IAA, are also predictive of risk for type-1 diabetes. GAD autoantibodies are present in the majority of adult patients with autoimmune diabetes.. IA-2 Autoantibodies against IA-2 (IA2-A) are the second most common autoantibody in type-1 diabetes. GAD and IA-2 autoantibodies are the most common in type-2 diabetes that also has an autoimmune component.. For children, the number of autoantibodies present is a better predictor of disease risk than the presence of any single antibody.. ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Autoantibodies, autoimmunity and cancer (review). AU - Tomer, Yaron. AU - Sherer, Yaniv. AU - Shoenfeld, Yehuda. PY - 1998/5/7. Y1 - 1998/5/7. N2 - There is a strong association between neoplasms and autoimmune diseases. Numerous autoimmune phenomena have been reported in malignancies and conversely: malignant tumors are diagnosed in increasing frequency in autoimmune conditions. We review the most common autoimmune diseases and autoantibodies found in malignancies, discuss the therapeutic role of these autoantibodies in cancer, and summarize the current knowledge on malignant transformation in autoimmunity.. AB - There is a strong association between neoplasms and autoimmune diseases. Numerous autoimmune phenomena have been reported in malignancies and conversely: malignant tumors are diagnosed in increasing frequency in autoimmune conditions. We review the most common autoimmune diseases and autoantibodies found in malignancies, discuss the therapeutic role of these ...
Background: FSGS is a histopathological lesion that has a 40-80% risk of recurrence o in the transplanted (tx) kidney, with increased risk of graft loss. Recent studies in recurrent FSGS (rFSGS) suggest potential roles for circulating factors such as suPAR and CD40 auto-antibody (autoAb) but the interaction of these factors and their synergy with intern αvβ3, a downstream pathway for podocyte injury, is unknown.. Methods: CD40 autoAb isolated from rFSGS (CD40autoAB/rFSGS), non-recurrent FSGS (CD40autoAb/nrFSGS) and non-FSGS patients (CD40autoAb/non-FSGS) were injected (i.v.) into C57BL/6 mice every other day for a total of 6 doses. Six hours after the last dose of CD40autoABs, recombinant human suPAR protein was given i.v. at 5 [mu]g/ml to all mice in order to analyze any additive effect of suPAR on CD40autoAb/rFSGS induced proteinuria. Urine was collected before and every day after the first injection of CD40autoAb to analyze urinary albumin and creatinine. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) was ...
Autoimmune diseases are characterized by the presence of multiple autoantibodies that react with components of nuclear, cytoplasmic, or surface origin (for review see Nakamura and Tan, 1992; Fritzler, 1997). In clinical medicine, autoantibodies have been used to establish diagnosis, estimate prognosis, follow the progression of a specific autoimmune disease, and, finally, increase our knowledge of the pathophysiology of autoimmunity. In cell biology, autoantibodies have been extremely useful as probes for the identification of novel proteins and isolation of their corresponding genes. Human autoimmune sera have been particularly useful in the study of the eukaryotic nucleus where they have identified a wide range of nuclear antigens, including both single- and double-stranded DNA, RNA, histones, small nuclear RNA-binding proteins, transcription factors, nuclear lamins, heterochromatin-associated proteins, topoisomerase I and II, and centromere proteins (Tan, 1989, 1991; Earnshaw and Rattner, ...
Jay M. Sosenko, Jay S. Skyler, Jerry P. Palmer, Jeffrey P. Krischer, Liping Yu, Jeffrey Mahon, Craig A. Beam, David C. Boulware, Lisa Rafkin, Desmond Schatz, George Eisenbarth, the Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet and the Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1 Study Groups ...
About 60%-90% of type I (insulin-dependent) diabetics have antibody against islet cell cytoplasmic glycoprotein (islet cell autoantibody) at the time of diagnosis, and many of those initially without this antibody develop it later. This antibody disappears within 2 years after appearance in 85%-90% of type I diabetics. It has also been reported in about 20% of type II diabetics and about 10% of gestational diabetics at time of diagnosis. About 30%-50% of children have autoantibody against insulin (antiinsulin antibody) at time of diagnosis before beginning insulin therapy and some (much less than formerly) develop it after using therapeutic insulin. Some patients have autoantibodies against beta cell surface antigen (beta cell antibodies). Over 95% of type I patients possess the human lymphocyte antigen (HLA) DR3 or DR4. However, at present these autoantibodies and HLAs are not being widely used in clinical medicine or in diagnosis.. ...
Synonyms for autoantibody in Free Thesaurus. Antonyms for autoantibody. 2 words related to autoantibody: rheumatoid factor, antibody. What are synonyms for autoantibody?
Our private blood test profile for Autoantibody Profile II in London tests for Thyroid peroxidase antibodies, Islet Cell antibodies, Adrenal antibodies and more. It has a guaranteed turnaround time of 3 working days.
We performed a nested case-control analysis within the Finnish Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention Study birth cohort, carrying HLA-conferred susceptibility to type 1 diabetes (n = 7782). Serum total fatty acid composition was analysed by gas chromatography in 240 infants with islet autoimmunity and 480 control infants at the age of 3 and 6 months. Islet autoimmunity was defined as repeated positivity for islet cell autoantibodies in combination with at least one of three selected autoantibodies. In addition, a subset of 43 infants with primary insulin autoimmunity (i.e. those with insulin autoantibodies as the first autoantibody with no concomitant other autoantibodies) and a control group (n = 86) were analysed. A third endpoint was primary GAD autoimmunity defined as GAD autoantibody appearing as the first antibody without other concomitant autoantibodies (22 infants with GAD autoimmunity; 42 infants in control group). Conditional logistic regression was applied, considering multiple ...
TRAb was measured by a 2° generation method. The Fig. 4 shows the results of TRAb measurements in patients with various newly diagnosed thyroid disorders and in healthy controls. The horizontal dotted line indicates the distinction between the values of TRAb positive and negative (cut-off 1.0 IU / L). It can be seen as patients with Graves disease have almost all of a value above the cut-off while the healthy controls, as well as patients with non-toxic goitre, are all negative TRAb (except one). In patients with autoimmune hypothyroidism, characterized by the presence of thyroglobulin autoantibody (TgAb) and thyroperoxidase autoantibody (TPOAb), there is a low percentage of TRAb (probably type blockers). In summary this study shows an excellent specificity of the method with the ability to discriminate between patients with GD from healthy ones ...
TY - ABST. T1 - OX40 and OX40L are highly associated with Autoantibody Formation in early Rheumatoid Arthritis, and predict Flare after Anti-TNF Discontinuation. AU - Laustsen, Julie Kristine. AU - Rasmussen, Tue Kruse. AU - Stengaard-Pedersen, Kristian. AU - Hetland, Merete Lund. AU - Hørslev-Petersen, Kim. AU - Hvid, Malene. AU - Deleuran, Bent Winding. PY - 2013/6. Y1 - 2013/6. M3 - Conference abstract for conference. ER - ...
Humans and animals with lupus produce autoantibodies that can cause inflammation, as well as damage cells and organs of ones own body. In particular, antibodies to double-stranded DNA contribute to organ damage. Researchers have long investigated the possibility of blocking the actions of lupus-related autoantibodies to reduce the extent of such damage. Typically, such research is first tested in animals to ensure efficacy and safety before being conducted in humans. Researchers at The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research have created a new experimental molecule to test its ability to inhibit lupus-related autoantibody attachment to ds-DNA isolated from mice, as well as to components of kidneys extracted from mice, and to living brain cells of mice. The results of these studies provide hope for the development of more specific, less toxic therapies for lupus. However, more animal research is needed before this molecule can be tested in living humans with lupus ...
Autoantibodies to GAD65 (GAD65Ab) are prominent in type 1 diabetes. These autoantibodies may be present both years before and after the clinical diagnosis of type 1 diabetes and are widely used as a marker for the disease. Recently it has been demonstrated that progression to type 1 diabetes is accompanied by GAD65Ab epitope maturation. Here we examine whether autoantibody maturation processes also progress after the clinical diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. Antibody reactivity to GAD65, GAD67 and GAD65/67 fusion proteins was measured by radioimmunoassays in 62 children with type 1 diabetes. Samples were taken at diagnosis and five years later. While the overall GAD65Ab level declined over time, the epitope pattern was remarkably stable with no significant changes in binding pattern. Loss of GAD65Ab-positivity was associated with significantly lower GAD65Ab indices at diagnosis compared to patients sera that remained GAD65Ab-positive. The decrease in GAD65Ab levels did not correlate to ...
Autoimmunization definition, antibody production by an organism in response to and against any of its own tissues, cells, or cell components. See more.
TY - JOUR. T1 - Slowly progressing type 1 diabetes: persistence of islet cell autoantibodies is related to glibenclamide treatment. AU - Cabrera-Rode, E.. AU - Perich, P.. AU - Diaz-Horta, O.. AU - Tiberti, C.. AU - Molina, G.. AU - Arranz, C.. AU - Martin, J.M.. AU - Licea, M.. AU - De Leiva, A.D.. AU - Puig-Domingo, M.. AU - Dimario, U.. PY - 2002/1/1. Y1 - 2002/1/1. M3 - Article. SP - 469. EP - 474. JO - Autoimmunity. JF - Autoimmunity. SN - 0891-6934. ER - ...
Studies described here show that multiple cancer-specific autoantibodies are present in the sera of patients with breast cancer collected distant from diagnosis or at the time of diagnosis and the combination of autoantibodies can significantly discriminate patients with cancer from controls. We further show that a fraction of these autoantibodies are present in prediagnostic sera and is potentially useful for early detection.. Because of the limited availability of prediagnostic sera, the standard approach for biomarker discovery is to use samples from symptomatic patients and often from patients with advanced disease (19). Established cancer may behave differently from preclinical disease, so it remains unknown whether markers identified from patients with established disease can also apply to samples collected at earlier time points, at the time of diagnosis or even before diagnosis. Investigations in ovarian cancer have shown that none of the biomarker panels that were discovered in ...
Objective. RA patients develop autoantibodies against a spectrum of antigens but their clinical significance is unclear. Using the phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) approach, we examined the association between autoantibodies and clinical subphenotypes of RA. Methods. This study was conducted using a validated electronic medical record (EMR) RA cohort from 2 tertiary care centers. Using a published multiplex bead assay, we measured 36 autoantibodies targeting epitopes implicated in RA. We extracted all ICD-9 codes for each subject and grouped them using a published method into disease categories (PheWAS codes). We tested for the association of each autoantibody grouped by targeted protein with PheWAS codes. For significant associations (false discovery rate [FDR] ≤0.1), we reviewed 50 medical records of subjects with each PheWAS code to determine the positive predictive value (PPV). Results. We studied 1006 RA subjects, mean age 61.0 years (SD 12.9) and 79.0% female. There were 3,568 ...
Preeclampsia is a serious pathologic complication during pregnancy but its pathogenesis remains unclear. We recently demonstrated that production of auto-antibody against angio-tensin (AGN) II type I receptor (AT1-AA) causes hypertension in experimental animals. Current study determined whether AT1-AA is present in pregnant women and if so, to investigate its potential role in the development of preeclampsia. Blood samples were collected from 35 pregnant women (preeclampsia=18, control=17) and AT1-AA was detected. To determine the potential mechanisms by which AT1-AA may contribute to the development of preeclampsia, vasoconstrictive effects of purified AT1-AA was determined in isolated rat arteriae cerebri media and its pro-apoptotic and cytotoxic effect was determined in cultured HUVEC. Compared with the normal pregnant women (week 37 to 39), sera levels of AT1-AA were markedly increased in preeclamptic patients (0.27±0.03 μmol/L vs. 0.023±0.017 μmol/L, P,0.01). In isolated resistant ...
An autoantibody is an antibody (a type of protein) produced by the immune system that is directed against one or more of the individuals own proteins. Many autoimmune diseases (notably lupus erythematosus) are caused by such autoantibodies. Antibodies are produced by B cells in two ways: (i) randomly, and (ii) in response to a foreign protein or substance within the body. Initially, one B cell produces one specific kind of antibody. In either case, the B cell is allowed to proliferate or is killed off through a process called clonal deletion. Normally, the immune system is able to recognize and ignore the bodys own healthy proteins, cells, and tissues, and to not overreact to non-threatening substances in the environment, such as foods. Sometimes, the immune system ceases to recognize one or more of the bodys normal constituents as self, leading to production of pathological autoantibodies. These autoantibodies attack the bodys own healthy cells, tissues, and/or organs, causing ...
Methods SeroTag utilizes over 7,000 human proteins as antigen collection in bead-based suspension arrays (Luminex FlexMap 3D) to allow for high throughput serum sample processing with high accuracy, followed by standard and advanced data mining procedures. We screened over 4,000 serum samples from patients with autoimmune diseases such as SLE (n= ,500), SSc (n= ,250), RA (n= ,500), and healthy individuals (n= ,350) to confirm known and to discover novel autoantibodies. Recombinant antigens were covalently coupled to magnetic, color coaded beads and serum samples were incubated with 20 multiplex bead mixes each representing hundreds of antigens. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed to reveal significant antigens and to define correlation of antigens with clinical parameters and amongst themselves. ...
Acharacteristic of systemic autoimmune diseases is the production of high-titer autoantibodies (autoAbs)1 to a variety of self-constituents (1). These autoAbs are important diagnostic markers of disease, and their patterns are specific for particular autoimmune diseases (1). They are also important because autoAbs can be pathogenic under certain circumstances (2)(3)(4). The pathogenic consequences of activated autoreactive B cells are not limited to autoAb production, as B cells also promote T cell activation (5).. Thus, it has been of great interest to understand the origins of autoreactive B cells in autoimmune animals and, conversely, how they are controlled in normal animals. It is possible that intrinsic B cell defects (6)(7)(8) leading to B cell hyperactivity (9)(10) account for the production of autoAbs. In this view, autoAbs are the result of nonspecific B cell activation. On the other hand, an early clue to an important role of autoantigen (autoAg) in the genesis of such B cells in ...
The present study analyzed the clinical, radiographic, and immunologic features of a series of 71 RA patients along a 9-year interval. As a group, there was progressive deterioration in functional capacity and in joint structure. The serum levels of APF and anti-CCP antibodies tended to remain stable while serum levels of rheumatoid factor increased along the 9-year interval. There was no consistent association of autoantibody status at baseline with rate of joint destruction along the 9-year interval. The outcome measure for evaluation of disease severity was the rate of joint destruction as measured by the progression in Sharp index. Therefore, we calculated the difference in Sharp index between the end and the beginning of the study for each patient and tested the correlation of this parameter with the autoantibody status at the beginning of the study. No statistically significant correlation between the baseline autoantibody status and the rate of joint destruction was observed. When a ...
The current study, led by PD Dr. Harald Prüss of Charités Department of Neurology with Experimental Neurology on Campus Charité Mitte and the DZNEs Berlin site, focused on an autoantibody that targets a specific protein on the surface of brain cells. This molecule, known as NMDA receptor, is essential for the interconnection of neurons and normal brain development. The NMDA receptor antibody is a relatively common autoantibody. Data from blood donations suggest that up to one percent of the general population may carry this particular autoantibody in their blood. The reasons for this are largely unclear, notes PD Dr. Prüss. If this autoantibody reaches the brain, serious inflammations can arise. However, most carriers are free of such symptoms because the blood-brain barrier - a filtering tissue that surrounds the brains blood vessels - is usually hardly penetrable for antibodies. Unless this barrier is damaged or, as with an embryo in early pregnancy, not yet fully developed ...
Results miRNA profiling revealed 10 miRNAs to be differentially expressed between the groups; 2 in pSS vs HC, 7 in nSS vs HC and 1 in both pSS and nSS vs HC. One miRNA was excluded from further analysis after technical validation by single TaqMan microRNA Assay. The other 9 miRNAs were measured in the validation cohort. Surprisingly, 2 miRNAs were validated to be increased in the nSS group as compared to HC (snRNA-U6 and miR-661). Using the data from both cohorts combined, the levels of snRNA-U6 and miR-661 was associated with serum Ig and C4 in the nSS group, but also in the pSS group. This prompted us to investigate miRNA expression in subgroups of pSS patients. snRNA-U6 and miR-661 levels are significantly increased compared to HC in pSS patients negative for autoantibodies. In autoantibody positive pSS patients, levels of snRNA-U6 and miR-661 are comparable to those found in HC and both miRNAs are significantly increased in autoantibody negative patients as compared to autoantibody positive ...
Results of a new study led by Johns Hopkins researchers offer new evidence for a strong link between angiotensin receptor autoantibodies and increased risk of frailty.
phdthesis{a3c3a368-ef87-45b1-b612-22823f11b3ea, abstract = {Type 1 diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood and adolescence with an increasing incidence worldwide. It is an autoimmune disease with many autoimmune markers, where the zinc transporter 8 autoantibody (ZnT8A) is the most recent autoantibody discovered. The most important genetic susceptibility towards type 1 diabetes is found within the HLA-region on chromosome 6. We showed that all three ZnT8A are common among children and adolescents at type 1 diabetes diagnosis and that 3.4% of the children in Sweden displayed only ZnT8A at diagnosis. Only 7% of the Swedish children were autoantibody negative at diagnosis. Additionally, 0.3% of type 1 diabetes patients in Sweden had an isolated positivity for the islet cell cytoplasm autoantibodies (ICA). This is an autoantibody with an unspecified reaction pattern to most of the other antigens involved in autoantibody formation in type 1 diabetes. The fact that children ...
Assessment of autoantibody responses in cancer patients, 978-3-639-85018-5, Cancer insistently remains among the leading causes of death worldwide, and identification of novel biomarkers that could aid in early diagnosis of this disease is of great importance. Circulating antibodies found in cancer patients blood have been described to have promising biomarker qualities. This work describes approaches that were successfully applied to identify novel antigens eliciting antibody formation in several types of cancer. One of the approaches, T7 phage-display SEREX approach that was elaborated within this study, resulted in the identification of 1064 antigens, which were further used for the development of an antigen microarray. This high-throughput platform enabled systematic comparison of antibody responses in cancer patients and healthy controls, and the results revealed that signatures of autoantibody responses holds great promise to be used for cancer diagnostics. Apart from the experimental part, the
RayBio® Lung Cancer IgG AutoAntibody Array G1 contains 30 human proteins for simultaneous detection of human IgG autoantibodies associated with lung cancer.
TY - JOUR. T1 - The reliability of immunoassays to detect autoantibodies in patients with myositis is dependent on autoantibody specificity. AU - Tansley, Sarah L. AU - Li, Danyang. AU - Betteridge, Zoe E. AU - McHugh, Neil J. N1 - © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Rheumatology.. PY - 2020/8/1. Y1 - 2020/8/1. N2 - OBJECTIVES: In order to address the reliability of commercial assays to identify myositis-specific and -associated autoantibodies, we aimed to compare the results of two commercial immunoassays with the results obtained by protein immunoprecipitation.METHODS: Autoantibody status was determined using radio-labelled protein immunoprecipitation for patients referred to our laboratory for myositis autoantibody characterization. For each autoantibody of interest, the sera from 25 different patients were analysed by line blot (Euroline Myositis Antigen Profile 4, EuroImmun, Lübeck, Germany) and dot blot (D-Tek BlueDiver, ...
Title: Synthetic Peptides: The Future of Patient Management in Systemic Rheumatic Diseases?. VOLUME: 14 ISSUE: 26. Author(s):Kai Kessenbrock, Reinout Raijmakers, Marvin J. Fritzler and Michael Mahler. Affiliation:Dr. Fooke Laboratorien GmbH,Mainstr.85, 41469 Neuss, Germany.. Keywords:Peptide, autoantibody, SLE, dsDNA, Systemic rheumatic disease. Abstract: Since the first description of self-reactive antibodies in systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases, many autoantigens have been identified as useful diagnostic biomarkers in clinical immunology. Among the autoantigens, double-stranded desoxoribonucleic acid (dsDNA), the Smith antigen (Sm), topoisomerase-I (topo-I), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and others were described as hallmark targets of systemic autoimmune diseases. The detection of the corresponding autoantibodies can be performed with a variety of immunoassays based on native antigens, recombinant proteins or synthetic peptides. As discussed in this review, synthetic ...
Looking for online definition of epiphenomena in the Medical Dictionary? epiphenomena explanation free. What is epiphenomena? Meaning of epiphenomena medical term. What does epiphenomena mean?
TY - JOUR. T1 - T cell abnormalities in NZB mice occur independently of autoantibody production. AU - Taurog, J. D.. AU - Raveche, E. S.. AU - Smathers, P. A.. AU - Glimcher, L. H.. AU - Huston, D. P.. AU - Hansen, C. T.. AU - Steinberg, A. D.. PY - 1981/5/15. Y1 - 1981/5/15. N2 - By means of a series of crosses and backcrosses, ZB.CBA/N mice were prepared bearing largely NZB autosomal genes, but having X chromosomes derived only from CBA/N mice. The CBA/N X chromosome carries a gene, xid, that is associated with the lack of a B cell subset necessary for most of the spontaneous autoantibody production by NZB mice. These ZB.CBA/N mice failed to develop autoantibodies to T cells, erythrocytes, or DNA. The availability of mice that were mostly NZB, but which failed to make autoantibodies, especially anti-T cell antibodies, allowed us to study possible T cell regulatory defects in NZB mice in the absence of either antibodies reactive with such T cells or other autoantibodies. We found that such mice ...
We investigated the specificities and characteristics of anti-cytoskeleton antibodies in 13 anti-smooth muscle antibody (ASMA)-positive patients with chronic liver disease C (CLD-C), and compared them with those in 7 ASMA-positive patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), and 6 ASMA-positive patients with chronic liver disease B (CLD-B). Anti-microfilaments (anti-MF) were found not only in 6/7 AIH patients (85.7%), but also in 8/13 CLD-C patients (61.5%) with a relatively high incidence, when compared with 1/6 CLD-B patients (16.7%), while, there was no significant difference in the incidence of anti-intermediate filaments (anti-IMF), especially anti-IMF IgM, among these patient groups. Among the patients with CLD-C, the mean levels of serum gammaglobulin and IgG in the anti-MF-positive patients were 2.46 +/- 1.03 g/dl and 3277 +/- 1089 mg/dl, respectively, which were higher than those in the anti-MF-negative patients (1.60 +/- 0.53 g/dl, 2245 +/- 610 mg/dl) and those in the patients with CLD-B ...
In the present study, we give the first detailed work-up of patients with IgM autoantibodies against neurofascin-155. Whereas IgG autoantibodies to neurofascin-155 have been reported in several studies and are supposed to cause a distinct clinical phenotype,2 17 18 IgM neurofascin-155 autoantibodies have so far only been described in a few patients and some of them also tested positive for IgG anti-neurofascin.4 7 Autoantibodies were detectable by ELISA and were confirmed by preabsorption experiments and by Western blot in four patients, but not by binding assays with neurofascin-155 transfected HEK293 cells or murine teased fibres. Most likely, the latter methods were not sensitive enough to detect the low titres of autoantibodies as indicated by a higher sensitivity of ELISA when comparing with cell based binding assays using serum of a patients with high titres of anti-neurofascin-155 IgG.. C1q deposition was not detectable by CBA although IgM antibodies are supposed to bind complement. ...
OBJECTIVE: A major feature of type 1 diabetes is the appearance of islet autoantibodies before diagnosis. However, although the genetics of type 1 diabetes is advanced, the genetics of islet autoantibodies needs further investigation. The primary susceptibility loci in type 1 diabetes, the HLA class I and II genes, are believed to determine the specificity and magnitude of the autoimmune response to islet antigens. We investigated the association of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (GADA) and insulinoma-associated antigen-2 autoantibodies (IA-2A) with the HLA region. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Associations of GADA and IA-2A with HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQB1, HLA-B, HLA-C, HLA-A, MICA, and 3,779 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were analyzed in 2,531 childhood-onset case subjects (median time since diagnosis 5 years). All analyses were adjusted for age-at-diagnosis and duration of diabetes. RESULTS: GADA and IA-2A were associated with an older age-at-diagnosis (P | 10(-19)). For GADA, the primary
Previously, we have demonstrated that the IFN-I signaling molecules, IRF9 and STAT1, were required for the production of IgG autoantibodies in the pristane model and for the high expression levels of TLR7 and TLR9 following treatment with IFN-I in B cells [32]. Here, we describe the autoantibody profile and TLR-dependent B-cell response in SLE mice genetically deficient in the IFNAR2 chain of the IFNAR. Autoantibody profiling using autoantigen microarrays in combination with conventional techniques to confirm the array results revealed that, similar to the phenotype for IRF9-/- mice, pristane-treated IFNAR2-/- mice specifically lacked IgG autoantibodies directed against all of the major targets in the pristane model. These targets included components of the RNA-associated complexes Sm/RNP and RiboP as well as the DNA-associated autoantigens ssDNA and histones. B cells from IFNAR2-/- mice exhibited defects in the expression of TLR7 as well as in responses to TLR7 agonists in the absence of ...
Stiff-person syndrome is the prototype of a central nervous system disorder with autoantibodies targeting presynaptic antigens. Patients with paraneoplastic stiff-person syndrome may harbour autoantibodies to the BAR (Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs) domain protein amphiphysin, which target its SH3 domain. These patients have neurophysiological signs of compromised central inhibition and respond to symptomatic treatment with medication enhancing GABAergic transmission. High frequency neurotransmission as observed in tonic GABAergic interneurons relies on fast exocytosis of neurotransmitters based on compensatory endocytosis. As amphiphysin is involved in clathrin-mediated endocytosis, patient autoantibodies are supposed to interfere with this function, leading to disinhibition by reduction of GABAergic neurotransmission. We here investigated the effects of human anti-amphiphysin autoantibodies on structural components of presynaptic boutons ex vivo and in vitro using electron microscopy and super-resolution ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Autoantibody levels in myositis patients correlate with clinical response during B cell depletion with rituximab. AU - Aggarwal, Rohit. AU - Oddis, Chester V.. AU - Goudeau, Danielle. AU - Koontz, Diane. AU - Qi, Zengbiao. AU - Reed, Ann M.. AU - Ascherman, Dana P.. AU - Levesque, Marc C.. N1 - Funding Information: Grant: R01, National institute of Health/NIAMS AR061298-01; (PI: Chester V. Oddis) 10/2010-09/2014.. PY - 2016/6/1. Y1 - 2016/6/1. N2 - Objectives. To determine the longitudinal trends in serum levels of four myositis-associated autoantibodies: anti-Jo-1, -transcription intermediary factor 1 α (TIF1-α), -signal recognition particle (SRP) and -Mi-2, after B cell depletion with rituximab, and to determine the longitudinal association of these autoantibody levels with disease activity as measured by myositis core-set measures (CSMs). Methods. Treatment-resistant adult and pediatric myositis subjects (n = 200) received rituximab in the 44- week Rituximab in Myositis ...
Objective To identify the epitopes recognized by autoantibodies targeting platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRα) in systemic sclerosis (SSc) and develop novel assays for detection of serum anti-PDGFRα autoantibodies. Methods Epstein-Barr virus-immortalized B cells from 1 patient with SSc (designated PAM) were screened for expression of IgG binding to PDGFRα and induction of reactive oxygen species in fibroblasts. The variable regions of anti-PDGFRα IgG were cloned into an IgG expression vector to generate distinct recombinant human monoclonal autoantibodies (mAb), which were characterized by binding and functional assays. The epitopes of anti-PDGFRα recombinant human mAb were defined by molecular docking, surface plasmon resonance binding assays, screening of a conformational peptide library spanning the PDGFRα extracellular domains, and expression analyses of alanine-scanned PDGFRα mutants. Direct or competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were established to detect ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Enolase autoantibodies and retinal function in multiple sclerosis patients. AU - Forooghian, Farzin. AU - Adamus, Grazyna. AU - Sproule, Melanie. AU - Westall, Carol. AU - OConnor, Paul. PY - 2007/8. Y1 - 2007/8. N2 - Background: Electroretinographic (ERG) abnormalities have been reported in multiple sclerosis (MS), as well as the presence of circulating antiretinal antibodies. We and others have reported cases of impaired vision and diminished ERGs in MS patients with α-enolase autoantibodies. Anti-enolase antibodies have been implicated in autoimmune retinopathy. We performed this study to further explore the relationship between antiretinal antibodies and ERG changes in patients with MS. Methods: Patients with clinically definite MS and normal visual acuity were recruited for this study, along with healthy controls. All patients and controls had ERG testing done according to ISCEV standards. Patient and control sera were analyzed for the presence of antiretinal antibodies ...
AIMS: Children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) risk and islet autoantibodies are recruited to a secondary prevention study. The aims were to determine metabolic control in relation to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genetic risk and islet autoantibodies in prepubertal children.. METHODS: In 47 healthy children with GADA and at least one additional islet autoantibody, intravenous glucose tolerance test (IvGTT) and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were performed 8-65 d apart. Hemoglobin A1c, plasma glucose as well as serum insulin and C-peptide were determined at fasting and during IvGTT and OGTT.. RESULTS: All children aged median 5.1 (4.0-9.2) yr had autoantibodies to two to six of the beta-cell antigens GAD65, insulin, IA-2, and the three amino acid position 325 variants of the ZnT8 transporter. In total, 20/47 children showed impaired glucose metabolism. Decreased (≤ 30 μU/mL insulin) first-phase insulin response (FPIR) was found in 14/20 children while 11/20 had impaired glucose tolerance in ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Genetic ancestry, serum interferon- αactivity, and autoantibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus. AU - Ko, Kichul. AU - Franek, Beverly S.. AU - Marion, Miranda. AU - Kaufman, Kenneth M.. AU - Langefeld, Carl D.. AU - Harley, John B.. AU - Niewold, Timothy B.. PY - 2012/6. Y1 - 2012/6. N2 - Objective. To investigate and refine the relationships among systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and related autoantibodies, interferon-α (IFN-α), and various ancestral backgrounds. Methods. We investigated quantitatively defined genetic ancestry through principal component analysis in place of self-reported ancestry. Results. African ancestry was found to be associated with presence of anti-RNP antibody (p = 0.0026), and anti-RNP was correlated with high levels of IFN-α (p = 2.8 × 10 -5). Conclusion. Our data support a model in which African ancestry increases the likelihood of SLE-associated autoantibody formation, which subsequently results in higher levels of serum IFN-α. The Journal ...
Phenomena of autoimmunity are frequent among psychiatric patients, but we dont know yet if they should be considered primary and linked to the pathophisiology of the disorder, or aspecific and associated to a general immune system activation. Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration (PCD) represents a well known model of specific autoimmunity. In order to better understand the abovementioned issues, we used this condition to compare a set of immune dysfunctions found in a group of psychiatric patients. For this reason we tested sera from 48 psychiatric patients (24 schizophrenics, 17 bipolars and 7 obsessive-compulsive), 22 PCD patients and 52 healthy controls for the presence of anti-Purkinje autoantibodies and of some natural autoantibodies (ANAs, AMAs, APCAs, ASMAs). Psychopatological status of the psychiatric patients was assessed with BPRS, SANS, SAPS, HAM-D, CGI-S. In the psychiatric group anti-Purkinje autoantibodies were identified in 11/48 (22,9%) patients, while they were present in ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Autoantibodies to oxidized ldl in hyperlotdemic patients treated with hmg-coa reductase inhibitors. AU - Bui, M. N.. AU - Caulfield, M. T.. AU - Katz, P.. AU - Cannon, R. O.. AU - Rackley, C. E.. PY - 1996/1/1. Y1 - 1996/1/1. N2 - Recent studies demonstrated that HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors slowed the progression and reduced the number of coronary events. Plaque stabilization has been proposed as an early beneficial mechanism. Nonisotopic ELISA technique was used to measure ox-LDL autoantibodies titers in 11 patients with hyperlipidemia LDL , IgG and IgM autoantibodies titers were measured at baseline and at 4 months after treatment with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. Baseline 4 months 12 months ofpauents 11 11 6 LDL(mg/dl) 173 ±37 138 ±28 128 ±15 Autoantibodies to ox-LDL,OD) IgG 0.138±0.076 0.154 + 0.087 0.180 + 0.071 IgM 0024 ±0.019 0.053± 0.044 p-valuc, 0.05 vs. baseline by paired Student t-test OD: optical density Six of the 11 patients had a 12-month follow-up with a ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - An Lck-cre transgene accelerates autoantibody production and lupus development in (NZB × NZW)F1 mice. AU - Nelson, R. K.. AU - Gould, K. A.. PY - 2016/2/1. Y1 - 2016/2/1. N2 - Lupus is an autoimmune disease characterized by the development of antinuclear autoantibodies and immune complex-mediated tissue damage. T cells in lupus patients appear to undergo apoptosis at an increased rate, and this enhanced T cell apoptosis has been postulated to contribute to lupus pathogenesis by increasing autoantigen load. However, there is no direct evidence to support this hypothesis. In this study, we show that an Lck-cre transgene, which increases T cell apoptosis as a result of T cell-specific expression of cre recombinase, accelerates the development of autoantibodies and nephritis in lupus-prone (NZB × NZW)F1 mice. Although the enhanced T cell apoptosis in Lck-cre transgenic mice resulted in an overall decrease in the relative abundance of splenic CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, the proportion of ...
Phagocytosis of opsonized target cells has been recognized for a long time as a major pathogenic mechanism for IgG autoantibody-mediated autoimmune blood diseases such as thrombocytopenia and anemia. Indeed, IgG receptors such as FcγRIII and FcγRIV are potent mediators of phagocytosis of immune complexes involving IgG Abs of the appropriate isotype. The mechanisms responsible for the pathogenicity of IgM autoantibodies are not as well elucidated. Trapping in the spleen and liver of RBCs agglutinated by IgM anti-erythrocyte autoantibodies may account for IgM-mediated anemia (13, 26). Complement-mediated lysis of IgM-opsonized red cells or platelets (31) is another mechanism that might lead to anemia or thrombocytopenia, respectively, although rarely.. Because IgM receptors remained unknown for a long time, it was not so easy to explain IgM-mediated autoimmune thrombocytopenia, although complement fixation on IgM might also potentially activate phagocytosis involving complement receptors ...
Anti-Nuclear Antibodies HEp-2 (ANA-HEp-2), HEp-2 Cells; Anti-nDNA Antibodies (nDNA), Crithidia Luciliae; Anti-Endomysium Antibodies (AEA), Monkey Esophagus; Anti-Thyroid Antibodies (ATA), Monkey Thyroid; Autoantibodies RL/RK/RS, Rat Liver/Kidney/Stomach; Autoantibodies MsL/MsK/MsS Mouse Liver/Kidney/Stomach; Autoantibodies RL/RKm/RS Rat Liver / Kidney (with medulla/Stomach); Anti-Smooth Muscle Antibodies (ASMA) RatStomach; Anti-Gliadin Antibodies (AGA) Rat Kidney; Anti-Mitochondrial Antibodies (AMA) Rat Kidney; Autoantibodies RK/RS Rat Kidney / Stomach; Autoantibodies MsK/MsS Mouse Kidney / Stomach; Anti-Nuclear Antibodies RL (ANA-RL) Rat Liver. Cells Slides Boxes: ANA-HEp-2 Anti-nDNA Antibodies (nDNA ...
This paper presents a systematic analysis of the relevance of antigastric autoantibodies in H pylori gastritis. We and others have previously shown that autoantibodies against gastric epitopes occur in about 50% of H pylori infected patients with upper gastrointestinal complaints. We have described two different in situ binding sites for these autoantibodies, one at the luminal membrane of the foveolar epithelium, the other at canalicular structures within parietal cells; the latter showed the highest correlation with H pylori infection.17 18This high prevalence of antigastric autoreactivity was confirmed in this study. Furthermore, according to our data, this type of autoantibody is correlated with histological and clinical manifestations of H pylori infection. Thus, the occurrence of anticanalicular autoantibodies correlates with the severity of body gastritis, and atrophic changes of the gastric mucosa, as well as with elevated basal serum gastrin concentrations and a decreased pepsinogen ...
A blog post discussing preliminary research hinting that for some with schizophrenia, the presence of folate receptor autoantibodies might perturb folate levels and use of folinic acid may positively affect symptoms
A method based on histidine ligand affinity chromatography has been utilized for the separation of DNA hydrolyzing autoantibodies from sera of patients suffering from systemic lupus erythematosus and primary antiphospholipid syndrome using the gel, histidyl-aminohexyl-sepharose. The separation of autoantibodies was carried out under mild chromatographic conditions. Human IgG subclass distribution in the different fractions separated on the column was studied by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The purified DNA hydrolyzing autoantibodies were shown to hydrolyze plasmid DNA. ...
Methods for identifying biomarkers, autoantibody signatures, and stratifying subject groups using peptide arrays - diagram, schematic, and image 20 ...
Autoantibody testing - Thyroid autoantibodies, specifically antithyroglobulin (anti-Tg) and antimicrosomal or antithyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibodies, and/or adrenal autoantibodies may be present... more
PURPOSE: Potentially pathogenic autoantibodies are found increasingly in adults with seizure disorders, including focal seizures and those of unknown cause. In this study, we investigated a cohort of children with new-onset seizures to see whether there were autoantibodies and the relationship to any specific seizure or epilepsy type. METHODS: We prospectively recruited 114 children (2 months to 16 years) with new-onset seizures presenting between September 2009 and November 2011, as well as 65 controls. Patients were clinically assessed and classified according to the new International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) organization of seizures and epilepsies classification system. Sera were tested for autoantibodies to a range of antigens, blind to the clinical and classification details. KEY FINDINGS: Eleven (9.7%) of 114 patients were positive for one or more autoantibodies compared to 3 of 65 controls (4.6%, p = ns). Patients had antibodies to the voltage-gated potassium channel (VGKC) complex (n = 4),
The anti-smooth muscle antibody (ASMA) test is used to diagnose autoimmune hepatitis and distinguish it from other causes of liver damage. Learn about the test and what its results mean.
Purpose: : Melanoma-associated retinopathy (MAR), induced by cutaneous or uveal melanomas, results from the cross-reaction of tumor-directed autoantibodies with retinal antigens, which destroy retinal tissue. MAR ultrastructural descriptions and autoantibody localization are lacking. We present for the first time ocular ultrastructure and the retinal targets of the autoantibodies of MAR. Methods: : A pair of autopsied eyes of an 80 year-old male with metastatic cutaneous melanoma and positive retinal autoantibodies was examined with histopathology including transmission electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry (Calbindin, calcium binding proteins; PKCalpha, protein kinas C; and TRPM1, a mGluR6-coupled cation channel in ON bipolar cells) using avidin-biotin-complex immunohistochemistry. Results: : The outer plexiform layer (OPL) was the most affected retinal tissue in both eyes; it showed thinning and atrophy, which extended to both the outer (ONL) and inner (INL) nuclear layers, resulting ...
We report on a serum autoantibody associated with cerebellar ataxia. performed to rule out a broad panel of previously described paraneoplastic and non-paraneoplastic anti-neural autoantibodies. The characteristic binding pattern as well as double staining experiments suggested inositol 1 4 5 receptor type 1 (ITPR1) as the target antigen. Verification of the antigen included specific neutralization of the tissue reaction following preadsorption with ITPR1 (but not ARHGAP26) and a dot-blot assay with purified ITPR1 protein. By contrast anti-ARHGAP26-positive sera did not bind to ITPR1. In a parallel approach a combination of histoimmunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry also identified ITPR1 as the target antigen. Finally a recombinant cell-based immunofluorescence assay using HEK293 cells expressing ITPR1 and ARHGAP26 respectively confirmed the identification of ITPR1. Mutations of ITPR1 have previously been implicated in spinocerebellar ataxia with and without cognitive decline. Our findings ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Definition of human autoimmunity - autoantibodies versus autoimmune disease. AU - Lleo, Ana. AU - Invernizzi, Pietro. AU - Gao, Bin. AU - Podda, Mauro. AU - Gershwin, M. Eric. PY - 2010/3. Y1 - 2010/3. N2 - The critical function of the immune system is to discriminate self from non-self. Tolerance against self-antigens is a highly regulated process and, in order to maintain it, the immune system must be able to distinguish self-reactive lymphocytes as they develop. The presence of autoantibodies is the consequence of breakdown of tolerance and, although they are an important serological feature of autoimmune diseases, their presence is not exclusive of these conditions. Antibodies against self-antigens are also found in cancer, during massive tissue damage and even in healthy subjects. Natural autoantibodies provide immediate protection against infection and also prevent inflammation by facilitating the clearance of oxidized lipids, oxidized proteins, and apoptotic cells; their ...
The manufacturers scope encompasses the clinical effectiveness and cost effectiveness of belimumab plus Standard of Care (SoC) relative to SoC alone, for the treatment of adults with active auto-antibody positive Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and also for a subgroup of these patients who exhibit signs of high disease activity. According to the manufacturers scope and submission the population of greatest interest is the sub-group with high disease activity called the Target population. No subgroup is specified in the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) scope. The Target population is a subgroup of the proposed licensed population; a decision on the manufacturers license application is awaited.. ...
Clinical trial for Immune Mediated Necrotizing Myopathy , Monotherapy IVIG Gamunex-C for HMG-CoA Reductase Auto-Antibody Positive Necrotizing Myopathy Treatment (The MIGHT Trial)
Prevalence of Positive Diabetes-Associated Autoantibodies among Type 2 Diabetes and Related Metabolic and Inflammatory Differences in a Sample of the Bulgarian Population. . Biblioteca virtual para leer y descargar libros, documentos, trabajos y tesis universitarias en PDF. Material universiario, documentación y tareas realizadas por universitarios en nuestra biblioteca. Para descargar gratis y para leer online.
An ENA (Extractable Nuclear Antigen Antibodies) panel detects the presence of one or more specific autoantibodies in the blood. Autoantibodies are produced when a persons immune system mistakenly targets and attacks the bodys own tissues. This attack can cause inflammation, tissue damage, and other signs and symptoms that are associated with an autoimmune disorder.. ENA are a subset of antinuclear antibodies (ANA), antibodies directed against proteins found in the nucleus of cells. Certain autoimmune disorders are characteristically associated with the presence of one or more extractable nuclear antigen antibodies. This association can be used to help diagnose an autoimmune disorder and to distinguish between disorders.. The ENA panel is typically a group of 6-10 autoantibody tests. The number of tests offered will depend on the laboratory and the needs of the doctors and patients it serves. ENA panel tests, and other less common ENA tests, may be able to be ordered separately depending on the ...
Objective: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease with varied morbidity and mortality. We assessed clinical presentations, autoantibody specificities and therapeutic interventions in Native American (NA) patients with SLE. Methods: Patients with SLE meeting 1997 American College of Rheumatology classification criteria (n=3148) were enrolled between 1992 and 2010 in the multiethnic, cross-sectional Lupus Family Registry and Repository. Clinical, demographic and therapeutic information were extracted from medical records using a standardised form and formalised training. Autoantibodies were assessed by indirect immunofluorescence (antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and antidouble-stranded DNA), precipitin (ENA) and ELISA (IgG and IgM anticardiolipins). Results: NA patients met SLE classification at a younger age (29.89±12.3 years) than European Americans (EA; 32.02±12.87, P=0.0157) and a similar age to African-Americans (AAs) and Hispanics (HIS). More NA patients had ...
The exosome complex is the target of autoantibodies in patients suffering from various autoimmune diseases. These autoantibodies are mainly found in people that suffer from the PM/Scl overlap syndrome, an autoimmune disease in which patients have symptoms from both scleroderma and either polymyositis or dermatomyositis.[40] Autoantibodies can be detected in the serum of patients by a variety of assays. In the past, the most commonly used methods were double immunodiffusion using calf thymus extracts, immunofluorescence on HEp-2 cells or immunoprecipitation from human cell extracts. In immunoprecipitation assays with sera from anti-exosome positive sera, a distinctive set of proteins is precipitated. Already years before the exosome complex was identified, this pattern was termed the PM/Scl complex.[41] Immunofluorescence using sera from these patients usually shows a typical staining of the nucleolus of cells, which sparked the suggestion that the antigen recognized by autoantibodies might be ...
Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune blistering skin disease. Autoantibodies to BP180 and BP230 can be detected by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) on
Autoantibodies to diverse antigens escape regulation in systemic lupus erythematosus under the influence of a multitude of predisposing genes. NZB mice based on Docosanol absence of serum transgenic anti-laminin autoantibodies and failure to Docosanol recover spontaneous anti-laminin monoclonal antibodies. Four- to six-fold depletion of splenic B cells in transgenic mice of these strains as well as in MRL/lpr transgenic mice and reduced frequency of HBEGF IgM+ bone marrow B cells suggest that central deletion is usually grossly intact. Nonetheless the four strains demonstrate unique transgenic B cell phenotypes including endotoxin-stimulated production of anti-laminin antibodies by B cells from transgenic NZB mice and in vitro hyperproliferation of both endotoxin- and BCR-stimulated B cells from transgenic BXSB mice which are shown to have an enrichment of CD21-high marginal zone cells. Rare anti-laminin transgenic B cells spontaneously escape tolerance in MRL/lpr mice. Further study of the ...
No marker except repeated fasting glucose determinations has proven useful to ascertain prospectively which women with gestational diabetes mellitus will remain euglycemic by diet modification or will require insulin therapy. We screened 183 black women with gestational diabetes mellitus to determine if the presence of islet cell, mitochondrial, nuclear, DNA, parietal cell, smooth muscle, thyroid microsomal, thyroid thyroglobulin autoantibodies, or rheumatoid factor predicted the need for insulin therapy to maintain euglycemia in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. One hundred forty-two women maintained normal fasting plasma glucose levels with dietary modifications and 41 required institution of split-dose insulin therapy. We found no significant differences in the prevalence of these autoantibodies in black women with Class GB versus Class A1 diabetes mellitus. We conclude that screening for autoantibodies in women with gestational diabetes mellitus is not useful in determining which ...
The single nucleotide polymorphism 1858C, T in the PTPN22 gene is associated with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in several populations. Earlier reports have suggested that the association may be modified by human leukocyte antigen (HLA), as well as by islet autoantibodies. In a large case-control study of Swedish incident T1D patients and controls, 0-34 years of age, we tested whether the odds ratio (OR) measure of association was dependent on HLA or autoantibodies against the islet autoantigens glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 kDa autoantibodies (GADA), insulin, islet antigen-2, or islet cell. The association between the carrier status of 1858C, T allele in PTPN22 (PTPN22(CT + TT)) and T1D was modified by HLA. In addition, in GADA-positive T1D, the OR was 2.83 (2.00, 3.99), whereas in GADA-negative T1D, the OR was 1.41 (0.98, 2.04) (P for comparison = 0.007). The OR of association between PTPN22(CT + TT) and GADA-positive T1D declined with increasing HLA-risk category from 6.12 to 1.54 (P = 0.003); no ...
Analysis of the expressed Ab repertoire in nonautoimmune BALB/c mice immunized with a peptide surrogate for dsDNA reveals several interesting features. Autoantibodies derived from peptide-immunized mice share several structural similarities with anti-dsDNA Abs from mice with spontaneous lupus, including gene family usage, pairing of particular VH and VL gene segments, and generation of arginines in VHCDR3. This would support the hypothesis that peptide Ags alone, without nucleic acid, are sufficient to induce an anti-dsDNA Ab response. Furthermore, the structural similarity between induced and spontaneous anti-dsDNA Abs as well as the isolation of an Ab closely resembling the anti-dsDNA Ab used to derive the peptide from a phage display library confirm that peptides can indeed be molecular mimics of dsDNA.. In spontaneous murine SLE, pathogenic autoantibodies are primarily of the IgM and IgG isotypes, and the IgG Abs are clonally related to the IgM Abs. The multiple features of structural ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Antinuclear antibodies. T2 - Clinical applications. AU - Wanchu, A.. PY - 2000/12/1. Y1 - 2000/12/1. N2 - One of the common serological hallmarks of autoimmune disorders is the presence of various autoantibodies in the sera of patients affected by these disorders. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) detection is often needed to aid the diagnosis in several autoimmune disorders. In view of the different methodologies available for their detection, it becomes essential to understand the advantages and pitfalls of each procedure. This brief review discusses some methodological aspects of ANA detection and the clinical relevance of the presence of some of the autoantibodies found in the sera of patients with autoimmune disorders.. AB - One of the common serological hallmarks of autoimmune disorders is the presence of various autoantibodies in the sera of patients affected by these disorders. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) detection is often needed to aid the diagnosis in several autoimmune ...
Serum autoantibodies found by radioimmunoassay in 27 of 52 patients with the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LES) bound specifically to a soluble omega-conotoxin binding component of a voltage-gated Ca2+ channel (VGCC) complex extracted from small
OBJECTIVE Peripheral blood cells (PBMCs) from some patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) express an interferon-alpha (IFNalpha) signature. The aim of this study was to determine whether SSc patient sera could induce IFNalpha and whether IFNalpha induction was associated with specific autoantibodies and/or clinical features of the disease. METHODS SSc sera containing autoantibodies against either topoisomerase I (anti-topo I; n = 12), nucleolar protein (ANoA; n = 12), or centromeric protein (ACA; n = 13) were cultured with a HeLa nuclear extract and normal PBMCs. In some experiments, different cell extracts or inhibitors of plasmacytoid dendritic cell (DC) activation, Fcgamma receptor II (FcgammaRII), endocytosis, or nucleases were used. IFNalpha was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Topo I-containing sera induced significantly higher levels of IFNalpha as compared with all other groups. IFNalpha induction was inhibited by anti-blood dendritic cell antigen 2 (90%), anti-CD32 (76
Technology Insight: hematopoietic stem cell (HSCs) transplantation for systemic rheumatic disease. Transplantation of HSCs for the treatment of autoimmune di...
We used the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to investigate autoantibodies against the gangliosides GM1, GD1a, GD1b, GT1b, GD2, and GQ1b, in sera from 16 patients with Fishers syndrome. We found high anti-GQlb antibody titers, mainly those of the IgG class, in the sera of 13 of these patients. The titers decreased with the clinical course of the illness. Moreover, anti-GQlb antibody-positive patients had more severe ataxia of cerebellar type than the antibody-negative patients.. ...
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Autoantibodies to transglutaminase 2 (TG2) are hallmarks of celiac disease. To address B cell tolerance and autoantibody formation to TG2, we generated immunoglobulin knock-in (Ig KI) mice that express a prototypical celiac patient-derived anti-TG2 B cell receptor equally reactive to human and mouse TG2. We studied B cell development in the presence/absence of autoantigen by crossing the Ig KI mice to Tgm2 -/- mice. Autoreactive B cells in Tgm2 +/+ mice were indistinguishable from their naive counterparts in Tgm2 -/- mice with no signs of clonal deletion, receptor editing, or B cell anergy. The autoreactive B cells appeared ignorant to their antigen, and they produced autoantibodies when provided T cell help. The findings lend credence to a model of celiac disease where gluten-reactive T cells provide help to autoreactive TG2-specific B cells by involvement of gluten-TG2 complexes, and they outline a general mechanism of autoimmunity with autoantibodies being produced by ignorant B cells on provision of
Autoantibodies to transglutaminase 2 (TG2) are hallmarks of celiac disease. To address B cell tolerance and autoantibody formation to TG2, we generated immunoglobulin knock-in (Ig KI) mice that express a prototypical celiac patient-derived anti-TG2 B cell receptor equally reactive to human and mouse TG2. We studied B cell development in the presence/absence of autoantigen by crossing the Ig KI mice to Tgm2−/− mice. Autoreactive B cells in Tgm2+/+ mice were indistinguishable from their naive counterparts in Tgm2−/− mice with no signs of clonal deletion, receptor editing, or B cell anergy. The autoreactive B cells appeared ignorant to their antigen, and they produced autoantibodies when provided T cell help. The findings lend credence to a model of celiac disease where gluten-reactive T cells provide help to autoreactive TG2-specific B cells by involvement of gluten-TG2 complexes, and they outline a general mechanism of autoimmunity with autoantibodies being produced by ignorant B cells on ...