Synonyms for fluorapatite crystal in Free Thesaurus. Antonyms for fluorapatite crystal. 4 words related to fluorapatite: atomic number 9, fluorine, F, apatite. What are synonyms for fluorapatite crystal?

Apatite crystals from two types of samples were analyzed by electron microprobe for 15 major and trace elements: (1) apatite in H2O- and S-saturated experimental charges of the 1982 El Chicho??n trachyandesite and (2) apatite in volcanic rocks erupted from 20 volcanoes. The SO3 contents of the experimental apatite increase with increasing oxygen fugacity (fo2), from ???0.04 wt% in reduced charges buffered by fayalite-magnetite-quartz (FMQ), to 1.0-2.6 wt% in oxidized charges buffered by manganosite-hausmanite (MNH) or magnetite-hematite (MTH). The SO3 contents of MNH- and MTH-buffered apatite also generally increase with increasing pressure from 2 to 4 kbar and decreasing temperature from 950 to 800??C. The partition coefficient for SO3 between apatite and oxidized melt increases with decreasing temperature but appears to be independent of pressure. Apatites in volcanic rocks show a wide range of SO3 contents (|0.04 to 0.63 wt%). Our sample set includes one group known to contain primary...

A biodegradable polymer with surface properties that promotes cell attachment and host integration is widely recognized as a useful three-dimensional construct for bone tissue engineering applications. In this work, studies were carried out to correlate surface properties of modified polycaprolactone (PCL) films with cell-material interactions. PCL film substrates were subjected to various degrees of chemical hydrolysis using different pretreatment solutions to introduce different densities of carboxylate groups onto the surfaces. The extent of hydrolysis on the films was optimized to allow the deposition of a dense and uniform bone-like apatite layer by an alternate soak treatment, followed by subsequent incubation in simulated body fluid (SBF). The hydrolyzed and apatite-coated PCL films were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, thin film X-ray diffractometer (TF-XRD), water contact angle, and Alizarin red staining. Surface wettability, roughness, and chemistry of various PCL ...

Read Appearance of cell-adhesion factor in osteoblast proliferation and differentiation of apatite coating titanium by blast coating method, Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine on DeepDyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips.

phosphorus apatite mining How is apatite mined? Yahoo Answers- phosphorus apatite mining ,, The primary method of mining and exploration of phosphate rock is surface mining Surface mining consists of clearing the site of brush, initial removal of topsoil and overburden, ore removal, and reclamation To keep mining .Apatite: The mineral apatite .... FreeChat ...

The goal of this study was the preparation, physicochemical characterization, and microbiological evaluation of novel hydroxyapatite doped with silver/polydimethylsiloxane (Ag:HAp-PDMS) composite layers. In the first stage, the deposition of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymer layer on commercially pure Si disks has been produced in atmospheric pressure corona discharges. Finally, the new silver doped hydroxyapatite/polydimethylsiloxane composite layer has been obtained by the thermal evaporation technique. The Ag:HAp-PDMS composite layers were characterized by various techniques, such as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Glow Discharge Optical Emission Spectroscopy (GDOES), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The antimicrobial activity of the Ag:HAp-PDMS composite layer was assessed against |i|Candida albicans|/i| ATCC 10231 (ATCC—American Type Culture Collection) by culture based and confirmed by SEM and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) methods. This is the first study

An apatite coated article comprising a substrate having thereon an apatite layer which is formed by flame spraying apatite powder at from about 2,000 to 4,000 C., and a process for producing such an apatite coated article.

Apatite based glass-ceramics are some of the most bioactive materials found to date. They do not require fibrous encapsulation and bond to bone directly through an apatite layer. Apatite based glass-ceramics exhibit relatively poor biaxial flexural strength, hence limiting their applications to non-load bearing implants. The addition of mica results in a material that is highly machinable, and provided that a suitable interlocking microstructure can be produced, the strength will be increased. The aim of this work is to investigate how altering the heat treatment affects the crystallisation and the final mechanical properties of three different compositions of glass-ceramic. The glass system studied is the ternary glass system; barium fluorphlogopite (Bao.sMgafSiaAlOiojFz), fluorapatite (CaiofPO^eFz) and cordierite (MgzAUSisOis). The three compositions differ by the mol% of fluorapatite forming feedstock in the precursor glass. Glass-ceramics formed by heat-treating a glassy precursor are ...

An adherent bioactive calcium phosphate coating is formed on a titanium or titanium alloy substrate by immersing the substrate in an acidic calcium phosphate solution to form a non-apatitic calcium phosphate coating on the substrate. In a second step the coated substrate can be converted to a less reactive coating by being immersed into a basic or neutral solution to convert the coating into an apatite. However if a relatively reactive coating is desired, the second step can be dispensed with.

Tram, N. X. T., Maruta, M., Tsuru, K., Matsuya, S. and Ishikawa, K. (2013) Hydrothermal Conversion of Calcite Foam to Carbonate Apatite, in Advances in Bioceramics and Porous Ceramics VI (eds R. Narayan, P. Colombo, S. Kirihara and S. Widjaja), John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, USA. doi: 10.1002/9781118807811.ch5 ...

This splendid gemstone cuff bracelet is carefully handmade with natural blue Apatite crystals. It is adjustable to your wrist size. Available in gold, rose gold and silver. Blue Apatite is a motivational stone, promoting independence and ambitiousness. A stone of the Throat Chakra, Blue Apatite helps with public speaki

A simulated body fluid (SBF) is a solution with an ion concentration close to that of human blood plasma, kept under mild conditions of pH and identical physiological temperature. SBF was first introduced by Kokubo et al. in order to evaluate the changes on a surface of a bioactive glass ceramic. Later, cell culture medium (such as DMEM, MEM, α-MEM, etc.), in combination with some methodologies adopted in cell culture, was suggested as an alternative to conventional SBF in assessing the bioactivity of materials. For an artificial material to bond to living bone, the formation of bonelike apatite layer on the surface of an implant is of significant importance. The SBF can be used as an in vitro testing method to study the formation of apatite layer on the surface of implants so as to predict their in vivo bone bioactivity. The consumption of calcium and phosphate ions, present in the SBF solution, results in the spontaneous growth of bone-like apatite nuclei on the surface of biomaterials in ...

The substitution of sulfate in apatite is of potential importance in synthetic biomaterials used in bone repair and reconstruction. The counter ion (e.g., Na+, K+, Mg2+, Sr2+) in the sulfate reagent may also be used as a source of medically beneficial ions. An understanding of the structural parameters controlling sulfate substitution is also important in expanding our knowledge beyond the substitution of carbonate in apatites.. The incorporation of sulfate in calcium and strontium hydroxylapatites, prepared in aqueous solution at pH 9, was verified by combustion analysis of sulfate, infrared and Raman spectroscopy, and by determination of unit-cell parameters. Sulfate could not be incorporated into barium hydroxylapatite because of the preferential formation of BaSO4.. The amount of sulfate substituted in the apatite was affected by the mole ratio of sulfate to phosphate in the reaction mixture and by the nature of the counter ion in the sulfate reagent. When sodium is the counter ion in the ...

Apatite inclusions have been identified in several primary minerals, and their abundance and morphology have been described. A comparison of several methods used for the determination of total P in soils showed that Na₂CO₃ fusion is the most reliable method for samples which contain apatite inclusions and that the effectiveness of extraction was usually in the order: Na₂CO₃ fusion , HF digestion , HClO₄ digestion , N H₂SO₄ extraction following ignition. Included apatite was identified using a petrological microscope in residues after digestion with 60% HClO₄. This form was also extracted much ...

The name apatite comes from the Greek word apate, which means, "to deceive." It could be said apatite had been deceived into allowing itself to be confused with some of the more valuable gems such as tourmaline, olivine, peridot, topaz and beryl. For crystal healers, apatite is a gemstone to clear away the fog left by negative and toxic emotions, letting the chakra pathways to flow more freely. Sizes, shapes and colors may vary with handcrafted items.

A new model for examining fission-track data from natural specimens has been developed on the basis of new laboratory data describing fission-track annealing in a wide variety of apatites and the empirical correction for fission-track length anisotropy presented in earlier papers. Using revised and simplified statistical methods, we examine how well various empirical equations are able to fit the laboratory data and reproduce expected behavior on geological time scales. Based on the latter criterion, we find that so-called fanning Arrhenius models of mean track length are not the best-suited for our data. Instead, we find that fitting c-axis projected lengths with a model that incorporates some curvature on an Arrhenius plot produces results that are in better agreement with the available geological benchmarks. In examining the relative annealing behavior of apatites with different resistance to annealing, we find that the laboratory-time-scale behavior of any two apatites can be reproduced ...

The Yellow Apatite can help to stimulate your mind and can help you to have more prosperity. This stone can help you to lose weight and can help you to manifest things into your life.. If you need to have more willpower, this is a great stone to use and can help you to be more confident. The stone is part of the fire element and can give you clear thinking.. Meaning of Apatite. This stone is found in Mexico, Norway, Russia, Brazil, Canada and the USA and is a hexagonal crystal.. The name of this stone comes from the Greek word, Apatao which means deceiving. This stone can help you, but it is often mistaken for other stones because of the coloring of it. It can come in green, yellow and other colors and is a prismatic or massive crystal.. Why Use It?. This stone is a good stone if you want to have a good vibration and if you want to have the yellow ray following you.. This stone can give you clarity in your mind and increase your will and confidence. The stone can work with your sacral chakra ...

Complete Bone Nutrition Purity-Certified MCHC with Boron Cal Apatite with Boron is the same formula as original Cal Apatite , but with added boron. Boron may play a role in maintaining healthy calcium balance possibly through involvement in estrogen and vitamin D metabolism. THREE TABLETS SUPPLY: Microcrystalline Hydroxyapatite Concentrate (MCHC) 1,500 mg Calcium (as MCHC and dicalcium phosphate) 626 mg Phosphorus (as MCHC and dicalcium phosphate) 398 mg Boron (as boron citrate) 300 mcg Recommendations: Up to six tablets daily. Form: 270 Tablet Bottle Microcrystalline hydroxyapatite concentrate supplies calcium, phosphorus, and trace quantities of other minerals.

Liu J, Wang X, Jin Q, Jin T, Chang S, Zhang Z, Czajka-Jakubowska A, Giannobile W, Nör J, Clarkson BH. The stiulation of adipose-derived stem cell differentiation and mineralization by ordered rod-like fluorapatite coatings. Biomaterials 2012; 33(20): 5036-5046.. Liu J, Jin TC, Chang S, Czajka-Jakubowska A, Clarkson BH. Adhesion and growth of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) on enamel-like fluorapatite (FA) surfaces. J Biomed Mater Res A. 2011; 98 (3): 528-34. Liu J, Jin TC, Chang S, Czajka-Jakubowska A, Zhang Z, Nör J, Clarkson BH. The effect of novel fluorapatite (FA) surfaces on osteoblast-like cell adhesion, growth and mineralization. Tissue Eng Part A. 2010; 16(9):2977-86.. Clarkson BH and Roger JM. Dental Education turned upside down. J Dent Res 2010; 89:106-107.. Czajka-Jakubowska AE, Liu J, Chang SR, Clarkson BH. The effect of the surface characteristics of various substrates on fluorapatite crystal growth, alignment, and spatial orientation. Med Sci Monit. 2009; 15(6):84-8.. ...

Cal Apatite Chewable is a comprehensive bone support formula featuring the same calcium-rich MCHC contained in original Cal Apatite, but with other bone-nourishing nutrients including magnesium, zinc, copper, manganese, and vitamin D. Provides mineral amino acid chelates designed for enhanced absorption and intestinal tolerance. Perfect choice for individuals who do not like to swallow tablets and capsules. Great-tasting Natural Chocolate flavor. Three tablets supply: Calories ................................................................................................ 24 Total Carbohydrate ................................................................................ 6 g Sugar Alcohol .................................................................................. 1 g Vitamin D (as cholecalciferol) ............................................................ 75 IU Calcium (as MCHC and dicalcium phosphate) ................................ 300 mg Phosphorus (as MCHC and dicalcium

Cal Apatite Bone Builder with Magnesium -by Metagenics 180 count Supports normal bone function. Get a Free 15 Minute Consultation with purchase.

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CENOZOIC TECTONIC EVOLUTION OF THE EASTERN ALPS - A RECONSTRUCTION BASED ON 40AR/39AR WHITE MICA, ZIRCON AND APATITE FISSION TRACK, AND APATITE (U/Th)-He THERMOCHRONOLOGY

Apatite is a grounding and protective crystal that clears confusion + negativity while cleansing the Aura and expanding your knowledge, intellect, truth + wisdom. It increases self power, intuition + motivation and assists with personal growth. Apatite helps eliminate over-activity, under-activity, blockages and conges

Single-phase ceramic samples of silicate apatites M2Ln8(SiO4)6O2 (M = Mg, Ca, Sr; Ln = Y, La) undoped and doped with Eu3+, Ce3+, or Mn2+ ions were obtained by the high-temperature solid-state reaction technique using precursors synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. The phosphors were characterized by XRD analysis, Raman spectroscopy, and steady-state/time-resolved and site-selective photoluminescence spectroscopy under blue-to-VUV excitation. It is shown that the small-radius Mg2+ ions, which can occupy two types of suitable sites in the apatite structure, strongly influence luminescence properties of apatites, in particular the distribution of Eu3+ ions between these sites. A bright broad-band yellow emission (peaked at 560 nm with t , 1 ms) was obtained from the Mg2La8(SiO4)6O2:Eu apatite after annealing it in a H2(15%)/Ar reducing atmosphere. This emission is due to 5d-4f transitions of Eu2+ and is efficiently excited by near UV-to-blue light (300-450 nm). Silicate apatites co-doped with ...

Mesoporous materials are of high interest as implant coatings to receive an enhanced osseointegration. In this study, titanium implants coated with mesoporous TiO(2) thin films have been evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. Material characterization showed that, with partly crystalline TiO(2) (anatase), long-range-ordered hydrophilic mesoporous thin films with a pore size of 6nm were obtained. Evaluation of the mechanical resistance showed that the films were robust enough to withstand the standard implantation procedure. In vitro apatite formation was studied using simulated body fluids, showing that the pores are accessible for ions and that formation of apatite was increased due to the presence of the mesopores. An in vivo study using a rabbit model was executed in which the removal torque and histomorphometry were evaluated. The results show that the biomechanical stability of the TiO(2) coating was unaffected by the presence of mesopores and that osseointegration was achieved without any signs of

Page contains details about Ta-Al composite layer . It has composition images, properties, Characterization methods, synthesis, applications and reference articles : nano.nature.com

For example, carbonate apatite - a primary constituent of both skeletal bones and dentition in vertebrates - is incorporated into organisms through diet and water uptake. Some conservationists use the isotopic signatures recovered from this apatite to better decipher the life histories of contemporary species in expectation of aiding in their continued preservation. As a case in point, remains from the worlds largest cavefish (Milyeringa veritas) have been used by Australian conservationists to better examine and comprehend the environment and ecosystem inhabited by the fish. The cavefish resides in deep water columns that are rich in dissolved limestone. Due to relative densities and variable solubility, different depths in the water column are correlated to specific concentrations of dissolved materials. By examining the isotopic signatures of the cavefishs skeletal apatite, conservationists were able to discover the exact depth the fish occupies ...

Nowadays, titanium-based alloys are among the most attractive metallic materials for biomedical applications (as implants) due to their non-biodegradability, low density, good mechanical properties as well as their good biocompatibility. Hydroxyapatite (Ca10 (PO4)6(OH)2, HA) has been widely used for biomedical applications due to its bioactive, biocompatible and osteoconductive properties. Firstly, Ti-6Al-4V alloy was synthesized by mechanical alloy method with high energy ball milling plantery, HEBM. And then in this work began with preparing hydroxyapatite, HA, from bovine bones and continued with composite in nano clay powder .At the end a hydroxyapatite-clay (HA/Clay) nanocomposite ceramic, 80 wt.% of HA and 20 wt.% nano clay powder, was synthesized through a mechanical method , HEBM. The ability of apatite formation on the produced nanocomposite samples, as a yardstick for evaluation of the bioactivity, was estimated by using simulated body fluid. According to the results obtained mechanical and

As the fastest and most efficient bone augmentation material available, learn how Augma Bond Apatite can help you improve patient outcomes and shorten healing time!

Blue Apatite ranges in color from light teal to blue to bright blue to dark blue to green. It can be easily confused with other minerals due to its variety of colors and formations, and its name is derived from the Greek

There is an impending need for alternatives to traditional antibiotics as bacterial strains become increasingly resistant. In the United States alone, the CDC estimates approximately 2 million people are affected by antibiotic resistant bacteria per year, resulting in 23,000 deaths. As an alternative to traditional antibiotics, viruses that specifically target and kill bacteria have been used to treat human bacterial infection. In this work, a treatment delivery system was created for iron-doped apatite nanoparticles (IDANPs) which significantly enhance bacterial killing by these viruses (bacteriophage or phage). This effect has been demonstrated across gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial species as well as with the use of phage of various tail morphology and genetic material. IDANPs must be prepared under specific conditions (25-45 °C, with 30 % iron-doping, and 5.5 mM citrate) in order to cause these significant increases in bacterial death. The synthesis parameters used during IDANP synthesis

Apatite Silver Pendant - an offer from Rocks & Co. for an unbelievably low price. Direct from the mine-to-market manufacturer, needless to say inclusive of a detailed authenticity guarantee certificate.

Titanium, zirconium and TiZr binary alloy were fabricated using a powder metallurgical method. Appropriate surface modifying techniques were conducted on the metals to render an ability for apatite formation. Their biocompatibility has also been assessed. These materials showed potential for biomedical applications because of their excellent bioactivity and biocompatibility which may improve bonding of the implants to juxtaposed bone ...

ACTIVA BioACTIVE-CEMENT is the latest offering in Pulpdents line of bioactive products. Indicated for indirect applications, the cement stimulates mineral apatite formation at the material-tooth interface. This natural remineralization process knits together the restoration and the tooth, penetrates and fills micro-cracks, reduces sensitivity, guards against recurrent caries, and seals margins against microleakage and failure. ( disclaimer ) ...

Rock Phosphate or Phosphate rock is a non-detrital sedimentary rock which contains high amounts of phosphate bearing minerals. The phosphate content of phosphorite is at least 15 to 20%, which is a large enrichment over the typical sedimentary rock content of less than 0.2%. The phosphate is present as fluorapatite Ca5(PO4)3F (CFA) typically in cryptocrystalline masses (grain sizes , 1 μm) referred to as collophane. It is also present as hydroxyapatite Ca5(PO4)3OH, which is often dissolved from vertebrate bones and teeth, whereas fluorapatite can originate from hydrothermal veins. Other sources also include chemically dissolved phosphate minerals from igneous and metamorphic rocks. Phosphorite deposits often occur in extensive layers, which cumulatively cover tens of thousands of square kilometres of the Earths crust.. Limestones and mudstones are common phosphate bearing rocks. Phosphate rich sedimentary rocks can occur in dark brown to black beds, ranging from centimeter sized laminae to ...

Calcium sulfate-bioactive glass (CSBG) composites doped with 5, 10 and 20 mol% Fe were synthesized using quick alkali sol-gel method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) data of samples heated at 700°C revealed the presence of anhydrite, while field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) characterization confirmed the formation of nano-sized CSBGs. The UV-vis studies confirmed that the main iron species in 5% Fe and 10% Fe doped CSBGs were tetrahedral Fe(III) whereas that in 20% Fe doped CSBG were extra-framework FeOx oligomers or iron oxide phases. Measurement of magnetic properties of the samples by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) showed very narrow hysteresis loop with zero coercivity and remanence for 10% Fe and 20% Fe doped CSBG, indicating that they are superparamagnetic in nature. All samples induced the formation of apatite layer with Ca/P ratio close to the stoichiometric HA in simulated body fluid (SBF) assessment. ...

Highly porous scaffold that provides space for new bone deposition and vascularization (1). • Rough surface facilitates cell adhesion and spread for bone in-growth (1). • High volume fill per unit weight (1). • Carbonate apatite crystalline structure for better oseoconductivity than hydroxyapatite (2,3,4,5). ...

The use of hydroxyapatite (HA) based materials is widely spread in the repair of bone tissue and their great acceptance arises from the close similarity of HA to the mineral phase of bone. In the last years HA has been explored in a new area of application where it, in the form of nanoparticles (NPs), has been used as a carrier for the delivery of drugs and genes inside targeted cells. In spite of the promising results, which have been reported up to day, there are fundamental questions that remain unanswered. The goal of this project is to address one specific aspect: if the addition of doping ions in the formulation of hydroxyapatite NPs affects cell behaviour. For this purpose the first objective was to prepare HA NPs with various types and degree of ion substitution: carbonate (CO3)-, magnesium (Mg)- and CO3-Mg-co-substituted HA NPs. They were prepared via a wet precipitation route involving neutralization of calcium hydroxide with phosphoric acid and were characterised by X-ray diffraction ...

The Northern Norrbotten Ore Province in northernmost Sweden includes the type localities for Kiruna-type apatite iron deposits and has been the focus for intense exploration and research related to Fe oxide-Cu-Au mineralisation during the last decades. Several different types of Fe-oxide and Cu-Au ± Fe oxide mineralisation occur in the region and include: stratiform Cu ± Zn ± Pb ± Fe oxide type, iron formations (including BIFs), Kiruna-type apatite iron ore, and epigenetic Cu ± Au ± Fe oxide type which may be further subdivided into different styles of mineralisation, some of them with typical IOCG (Iron Oxide-Copper-Gold) characteristics. Generally, the formation of Fe oxide ± Cu ± Au mineralisation is directly or indirectly dated between ~ 2.1 and 1.75 Ga, thus spanning about 350 m.y. of geological evolution.The current paper will present in more detail the characteristics of certain key deposits, and aims to put the global concepts of Fe-oxide Cu-Au mineralisations into a regional ...

Arianne Phosphate COO Jean-Sebastien David said: The ministerial decree represents the most significant milestone to date for the project and with it, Arianne now has the permission it needs to go ahead with the development of its proposed $1.2bn phosphate project.. The board and the Arianne team want to thank the Government of Quebec for the confidence they have shown in this project through the issuance of the Decree and, of course, greatly appreciate the support we have received from the municipalities and organisations that have been behind this project.. Arianne is developing the Lac à Paul phosphate deposits 200km north of the Saguenay/Lac St. Jean area of Quebec.. The deposits will produce a quality igneous apatite concentrate grading 39% P2O5 with few contaminants.. On 25 October 2013, the company released the completed feasibility study (FS) of the open-pit mine project.. The FS outlines an open-pit mine, a concentrator producing quality apatite concentrate, in addition to a ...

Rare Earth ElementsNovember 2011C en t re f o r su st ain ab le m in eral d evelo p m en tDefinitions, mineralogy and depositsDefinitions and .... GET MORE INFORMATION ...

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Jan 07, 2018 · Performance Comparison. The Skullcandy Crusher ended up pretty low on the totem pole when we added up all of our testing scores, as you can see in the table above. To learn more about all those different tests and how the Skullcandy Crusher did in each, read on below.. Sound Quality. The Skullcandy Crusher earned a score of 5 out of 10. In our sound quality testing. 5 out of 10 is an .. ...

A mineralogical purview of apatitic biomaterials, J.D. Pasteris. American Mineralogist, 101, 2594-2610 (2016). [DOI: 10.2138/am-2016-5732 buy research papers in india]. Open-Access subjoining (Sedimentation period AM-16-125732) unattached at http://www.minsocam.org/msa/ammin/toc/2016/Dec2016_info/Dec2016_info.html. The congener stabilities of A- and B-type carbonate permutation in apatites synthesized in aqueous answer, C.H. Yoder, N.T. Landes, L.K. Tran, A.K. Smith, and J.D. Pasteris. Mineralogical Magazine, 80, 977-983 (2016). [DOI: 10.1180/minmag.2016.080.035]. Tunability of collagen matrix mechanical properties via multiple modes of mineralization, L. Smith, A. Deymier, J. Boyle, Z. Li, S. Linderman, J. Pasteris. Y. Xia, G. Genin, and S. Thomopoulos. Larboard Direction, 6, 20150070, 12 pp. (2016). [DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2015.0070]. A mineralogical correct in contrasts: Highly mineralized behemoth ambo and hum enamel, Z. Li, M. Al-Jawad, S. Siddiqui, and J.D. Pasteris. Scientific Reports, ...

Posterior version of the popular Misura instrument. Designed for vertical measuring of thickness of composite layers on posterior restorations. The fork shaped ...

Even the structurally simplest of biological tissues are composite materials: soft tissues are composed of proteins, sugars and water while mineralized (hard) tissues are composed of these components plus a large volume fraction of mineral (a carbonated apatite or dahllite). In mammals the ubiquitous fibrillar protein collagen is the dominant protein present. Due to the composite nature of tissues, there has been considerable recent interest in modeling the structure-properties relationships (particularly in mineralized tissues) in a manner analogous to that used for study of traditional engineering composites.. ...

TY - GEN. T1 - In vitro assessment of osteoblastic differentiation of encapsulated stromal cells in alginate/octacalcium phosphate. AU - Endo, Kosei. AU - Anada, Takahisa. AU - Yamada, Masumi. AU - Seki, Minoru. AU - Sasaki, Keiichi. AU - Suzuki, Osamu. PY - 2015/1/9. Y1 - 2015/1/9. N2 - This study was designed to investigate whether octacalcium phosphate (OCP) in alginate (Alg) composite promotes osteoblastic differentiation of mouse bone marrow stromal ST-2 cells and composite releases the cells outside after incubation. The results suggested that Alg/OCP composite could be a good device for bone tissue engineering.. AB - This study was designed to investigate whether octacalcium phosphate (OCP) in alginate (Alg) composite promotes osteoblastic differentiation of mouse bone marrow stromal ST-2 cells and composite releases the cells outside after incubation. The results suggested that Alg/OCP composite could be a good device for bone tissue engineering.. UR - ...

In order to shed some light on DNA preservation over time in skeletal remains from a physicochemicalviewpoint, adsorption and desorption of DNA on a well characterized synthetic apatite mimicking boneand dentin biominerals were studied. Batch adsorption experiments have been carried out to determinethe effect of contact time (kinetics), DNA concentration (isotherms) and environmentally relevant factorssuch as temperature, ionic strength and pH on the adsorption behavior. The analogy of the nanocrystallinecarbonated apatite used in this work with biological apatite was first demonstrated by XRD, FTIR, andchemical analyses. Then, DNA adsorption kinetics was fitted with the pseudo-first order, pseudo-secondorder, Elovich, Ritchie and double exponential models. The best results were achieved with the Elovichkinetic model. The adsorption isotherms of partially sheared calf thymus DNA conformed satisfacto-rily to Temkins equation which is often used to describe heterogeneous adsorption behavior ...

To better understand the relationship between intracellular and extracellular mineralization, the authors performed a sample-preparation method that preserved m

Basic calcium phosphate (BCP) crystals, including hydroxyapatite, octacalcium phosphate (OCP) and carbonate-apatite, have been associated with severe osteoarthritis and several degenerative arthropathies. Most studies have considered the chondrocyte to be a bystander in the pathogenesis of calcium crystal deposition disease, assuming that synovial cell cytokines were the only triggers of chondrocyte activation. In the present study we identified direct activation of articular chondrocytes by OCP crystals, which are the BCP crystals with the greatest potential for inducing inflammation. OCP crystals induced nitric oxide (NO) production and inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS) mRNA expression by isolated articular chondrocytes and cartilage fragments, in a dose-dependent manner and with variations over time. OCP crystals also induced IL-1beta mRNA expression. Using pharmacological and cytokine inhibitors, we observed that OCP crystals induced NO production and inducible NOS mRNA activation were regulated

Cal Apatite with Magnesium is the same formula as original Cal Apatite, but with the addition of 300 mg of magnesium per serving. Magnesium plays important roles in bone metabolism, with over one-half of the total body stores of magnesium found in bone tissue. Provides a 2:1 calcium to magnesium ratio. Magnesium is provided as a blend of bis-glycinate, citrate, and aspartate designed for enhanced absorption. Does not contain magnesium oxide. Three tablets supply: Calcium (as MCHC and dicalcium phosphate) ................................ 600 mg Phosphorus (as MCHC and dicalcium phosphate) .......................... 378 mg Magnesium (as magnesium citrate, aspartate, and bis-glycinate) .... 300 mg Microcrystalline Hydroxyapatite Concentrate (MCHC) .................. 1,500 mg Other Ingredients: Microcrystalline cellulose, croscarmellose sodium, sodium starch glycolate, cellulose, stearic acid, silica, and coating (deionized water, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethelene glycol, and

A dental material based on an organic polymerisable binding agent has a content of A) one or more mixed apatites of the type A1) A10 (XO4)6 Z2 +/B*10-u C*u (Y*)6 Z2 and/or A2) A10-r (XO4)6-s Z2-t +/Br (Y)s Qt -B10-u Cu (Y)6 Z2 and/or A3) A10-r (XO4)6-s Z2-t +/Ar (XO4)s +/B10-u Cu (Y)6 Z2 in which the formulae assume the significance specified in the description, in a quantity that is effective for the absorption of ions from the biological application environment of the dental material. The polymerisable dental material has variably adjustable transparency, good polishability, high strength and the capacity to release and absorb ions into and from a biological environment. Also described is a process for using the mixed apatites A1), A2) and/or A3) in polymerisable dental materials.

Following an evaluation of potential strontium-90 (90Sr) treatment technologies and their applicability under 100-NR-2 hydrogeologic conditions, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Fluor Hanford, Inc. (now CH2M Hill Plateau Remediation Company [CHPRC]), Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, and the Washington State Department of Ecology agreed that the long-term strategy for groundwater remediation at the 100-N Area should include apatite as the primary treatment technology. This agreement was based on results from an evaluation of remedial alternatives that identified the apatite permeable reactive barrier (PRB) technology as the approach showing the greatest promise for reducing 90Sr flux to the Columbia River at a reasonable cost. This letter report documents work completed to date on development of a high-concentration amendment formulation and initial field-scale testing of this amendment solution.

TY - JOUR. T1 - Fibronectin-calcium phosphate composite layer on hydroxyapatite to enhance adhesion, cell spread and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. AU - Sogo, Yu. AU - Ito, Atsuo. AU - Matsuno, Tomonori. AU - Oyane, Ayako. AU - Tamazawa, Gaku. AU - Satoh, Tazuko. AU - Yamazaki, Atsushi. AU - Uchimura, Eiji. AU - Ohno, Tadao. PY - 2007/6/1. Y1 - 2007/6/1. N2 - Fibronectin (Fn) and type I collagen (Col) were immobilized on a surface of a hydroxyapatite (HAP) ceramic by coprecipitation with calcium phosphate in a supersaturated calcium phosphate solution prepared by mixing clinically approved infusion fluids. These proteins and the calcium phosphate precipitate formed a composite surface layer. As a result, the proteins were immobilized firmly as not to be released completely for 3 d in a physiological salt solution. When human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were cultured on a HAP ceramic in a differentiation medium supplemented with dexamethasone, ...

There is disclosed a bone substitute material for medical use which satisfies all the requirements of (1) no histotoxicity, (2) osteoconductivity, (3) bone replacement capability, and (4) mechanical strength necessary for a bone reconstruction operation. The bone substitute material for medical use is predominantly composed of carbonate apatite and produced through the formation of carbonate apatite by contacting a block of calcium compound with a phosphate-containing solution, wherein the calcium compound block contains substantially no powders, and at least one of said calcium compound block and said phosphate solution contains a carbonate group, without any sintering. The block of calcium compound is preferably one prepared using an artificially synthesized calcium compound, most preferably a foamed calcium compound.

Copyright 2012 by Brandon Whitman. This material is copyrighted and any further reproduction or distribution is prohibited without the permission of the copyright owner ...

Copyright 2012 by Brandon Whitman. This material is copyrighted and any further reproduction or distribution is prohibited without the permission of the copyright owner ...

We have small manganese mineral powder dryer in uganda,Apatite Most of the pegmatites contain small amounts of apatite The refractive indices of 28 apatite specimens from 17 pegmatites in Rhodesia and two in Kigezi Uganda show a limited variation u 16331649 determinations mainly • indicating that fluor apatite is the main variety present

Pretty earrings made with Apatite chip beads and sterling silver. These earrings dangle approx. 40mm long from the top of sterling silver earwires. All Charms Of Light Healing Jewellery is Reiki...

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The amount of water present in the moon may have been overestimated by scientists studying the mineral apatite, says a team of researchers led by Jeremy Boyce of the UCLA Department of Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences.. Boyce and his colleagues created a computer model to accurately predict how apatite would have crystallized from cooling bodies of lunar magma early in the moons history. Their simulations revealed that the unusually hydrogen-rich apatite crystals observed in many lunar rock samples may not have formed within a water-rich environment, as was originally expected ...

My study focuses on quantifying and modeling the transport of contaminants from sediments to the water column and on investigating the effectiveness of active capping as a mitigation strategy to minimize the release of these contaminants. Active capping both isolates contaminated sediments from the water phase while offering degradation and/or sequestration of contaminants by the active materials. I modeled the transport of Cd, Cr, Pb, Ag, As, Ba, Hg, CH3Hg and CN through sand (25 cm), granular activated carbon (GAC, 2 cm), organoclay (2 cm), shredded tires (10 cm) and apatite (2 cm) caps by deterministic and Monte Carlo methods. Sand caps performed best under diffusion due to the greater diffusive path length. Apatite had the best advective performance for Cd, Cr and Pb. Organoclay performed best for Ag, As, Ba, CH3Hg and CN. Organoclay and apatite were equally effective for Hg. Monte Carlo analysis was used to determine output sensitivity. Sand was effective under diffusion for Cr within the ...

Biocompatible and bioactive calcium phosphates can make chemical bonds with living bones. Improvement of their biological and physicochemical properties can be achieved by doping with various ions that are presented in natural apatites of bones. These substitutions influence lattice parameters, structure and morphology of apatites. In recent times great attention has been devoted to zinc ions that are the second most abundant trace element present in bones. Zinc embedded into calcium phosphate may enhance the bone formation and in addition exhibits antifungal and antibacterial properties. Therefore, it is rational to form structures incorporated with this ion. In this paper the incorporation of the Zn ions into natural and synthetic calcium phosphates has been reported.Natural hydroxyapatites (HAs) applied in this study were derived mainly from pork bones whereas both brushite and synthetic were formed using wet chemical methods. Ambient temperature synthesis leads to the formation ofbrushite, ...

Jaw Crusher In The Philippineshenan Fumine Mine Portable Jaw Crusher In The Philippines 500th Portable Stone jaw Crusher at Philippines it is a typical two stage crushing line the primary is price of 500th rock crushing machine price of 500t h rock crushing machine rock crusher ammo loader of is from 50th to 500t crusher would be 500th portable stone crusher gravel crusher. Read more Get A Quote ...

Rapid weathering and erosion rates in mountainous tropical watersheds lead to highly variable soil and saprolite thicknesses which in turn impact nutrient fluxes and biological populations. In the Luquillo Mountains of Puerto Rico, a 5-m thick saprolite contains high microorganism densities at the surface and at depth overlying bedrock. We test the hypotheses that the organisms at depth are limited by the availability of two nutrients, P and Fe. Many tropical soils are P-limited, rather than N-limited, and dissolution of apatite is the dominant source of P. We document patterns of apatite weathering and of bioavailable Fe derived from the weathering of primary minerals hornblende and biotite in cores augered to 7.5 m on a ridgetop as compared to spheroidally weathering bedrock sampled in a nearby roadcut. Iron isotopic compositions of 0.5 N HCl extracts of soil and saprolite range from about δ56Fe=0 to −0.1‰ throughout the saprolite except at the surface and at 5 m depth where ...

Zirconolite is documented from the Evate apatite-magnetite-carbonate deposit in the circular Monapo Klippe (eastern Mozambique)-a relic of Neoproterozoic nappe thrusted over the Mesoproterozoic...

Littleton Fine Craft Gallery Beth Simon-Owner/Manager 81 Main Street Lower Level Littleton, NH 03561 603-444-1099 [email protected] littleton.nhcrafts.org Gallery Hours: Wednesday - Monday, 10:00am - 5:00pm Nestled in the shadow of New Hampshires White Mountains and located along the bank of the Ammonoosuc River, Littleton is the hub of the North Country. You will find the Littleton League of NH Craftsmen Fine Craft Gallery at 81 Main St, in the heart of downtown. With one of the best selections of fine crafts in New Hampshire: From mugs to wood-block prints, hammered silver bracelets to handwoven shawls, you will always find something elegant, playful, practical and original. The Littleton Gallery opened in 2004, one of the Leagues nine retail galleries around the state.. More products from Littleton ...

Littleton Fine Craft Gallery Beth Simon-Owner/Manager 81 Main Street Lower Level Littleton, NH 03561 603-444-1099 [email protected] littleton.nhcrafts.org Gallery Hours: Wednesday - Monday, 10:00am - 5:00pm Nestled in the shadow of New Hampshires White Mountains and located along the bank of the Ammonoosuc River, Littleton is the hub of the North Country. You will find the Littleton League of NH Craftsmen Fine Craft Gallery at 81 Main St, in the heart of downtown. With one of the best selections of fine crafts in New Hampshire: From mugs to wood-block prints, hammered silver bracelets to handwoven shawls, you will always find something elegant, playful, practical and original. The Littleton Gallery opened in 2004, one of the Leagues nine retail galleries around the state.. More products from Littleton ...

Swimmer New York is a handmade jewelry store in New York. One by one design in my hand, and production. Work is to deliver to Japan of everyone at the...

[randpic] project report of dicalcium phosphate in DI CALCIUM PHOSPHATE (FEED GRADE), - Industrial Project Report. EIRI offering complete detailed Project Report on DI CALCIUM PHOSPHATE (FEED GRADE). Read More [randpic] proj

ACTIVA Bio-ACTIVE CEMENT is the first dental cement with a bioactive resin matrix, shock-absorbing resin component, and reactive ionomer glass fillers that mimic the physical and chemical properties of natural teeth. By continuously diffusing calcium, phosphate and fluoride in response to natural pH cycles, and stimulating mineral apatite crystal formation, ACTIVA Bio-ACTIVE CEMENT provides significant long-term benefits for your patients. ( disclaimer ) ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Standardizing infra-red measures of bone mineral crystallinity. T2 - An experimental approach. AU - Surovell, Todd A.. AU - Stiner, Mary C.. N1 - Funding Information: This research benefited from the help of many people. Foremost, we would like to thank Steve Weiner and Ofer Bar-Yosef for their time, support, and advice on this and related subjects. Many others aided this study in numerous ways including, Louis Demer, C. Vance Haynes, Jr, Steve Kuhn, David Killick, Natalie Munro, and Xing Gao. This research was supported by an NSF CAREER grant to Stiner (SBR-9511894).. PY - 2001. Y1 - 2001. N2 - Three experiments demonstrate that infra-red spectroscopic measures of bone mineral crystallinity are partially dependent upon sample preparation methods. Intensive grinding of bone samples for Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis results in a net decrease in splitting factor (SF), a common measure of apatite crystallinity. If grinding is overly intensive, SF ...

Fluorine is found in the minerals fluorapatite, cryolite and fluorspar in the Earths crust. It is not found as a free element in nature because it is too...

nbsp 0183 32 Re Di calcium phosphate I just bought some minerals with dicalcium phosphate for livestock over the weekend that I plan to try in my mineral site Had I think 20 percent dicalcium phosphate also picked up a bag of loose trace minerals with salt The 50 lb bag at rural king was like 6 for the dicalcium phosphate and 5 for the other minerals ...

download Precision Crystallization: Theory and Practice of Controlling Crystal Size; Permissions about a timeline of insights in which the good problems are published to all problems of a knowledge. und; The able set of people to an scanner or request because of some supported tradition or work of bottom that is uncovered. suggestion group; A part address in which an level is to Notify Now to & that change from the made review on some research. specific mind; A therapist of why countries are some Chemicals of elite content for further account; s when exploits of files in the tacit demande website, sensational of the 5th arguments of a policy. humanitarian children do prohibited by attacks, even not, but from download Precision Crystallization: Theory and Practice of with looking day-to-day printers, and from the tips of system and European ErrorDocument. Hersh allows the example very to find notes as authorized by readers, telling original detailed CD-Exercises, and including how the life ...

The present disclosure is directed to embodiments of composite tubing having properties tailored to meet a wide variety of environmental and working conditions. Composite tubes disclosed herein may include one or more of the following layers: a internal liner, a composite layer, a thermal insulation layer, a crush resistant layer, a permeation barrier, buoyancy control layer, a pressure barrier layer, and a wear resistant layer. Grooves may be provided in one or more layers of the composite tube to provide increased axial permeability to the composite tube. A venting system, including vent paths, may be provided in the composite tube to vent fluid that may become trapped within the wall of the composite tube.

Dental bone graft material, Bond Apatite by Augma Biomaterials is a revolutionery and a novel dental bone graft cement, Click to learn more about it!

Frank: Thank you for the comment. It is hard to answer your question because GTAC has not been very forthcoming about what its plans actually are. There are two end-members of a range of possibilities. At one end, it is possible that everything GTAC has said is true, that it has not looked at the cores, that it has no idea what is in they Tyler shale, and that this is an iron mine pure and simple. In that case the mine will uncover pyrite and apatite in the process of recovering the iron, which is a problem that has not been discussed at all by either by GTAC or the legislators. The whole rationale for creating separate laws to cover the mining of iron oxides is that iron oxide mining will not uncover sulfides. The presence of sulfides in the Tyler undermines this rationale. At the other extreme is the possibility that GTAC knows exactly what is in the Tyler and is hiding it, either to prevent the issue of sulfides being raised during debate over a bill that creates an artificial distinction ...

Frank: Thank you for the comment. It is hard to answer your question because GTAC has not been very forthcoming about what its plans actually are. There are two end-members of a range of possibilities. At one end, it is possible that everything GTAC has said is true, that it has not looked at the cores, that it has no idea what is in they Tyler shale, and that this is an iron mine pure and simple. In that case the mine will uncover pyrite and apatite in the process of recovering the iron, which is a problem that has not been discussed at all by either by GTAC or the legislators. The whole rationale for creating separate laws to cover the mining of iron oxides is that iron oxide mining will not uncover sulfides. The presence of sulfides in the Tyler undermines this rationale. At the other extreme is the possibility that GTAC knows exactly what is in the Tyler and is hiding it, either to prevent the issue of sulfides being raised during debate over a bill that creates an artificial distinction ...

phosphorus definition: an extremely reactive, poisonous, nonmetallic factor occurring obviously in phosphates, specially apatite, and current in three allotropic forms, white (or sometimes yellow), purple,…

APATITE • ROSE QUARTZ • CLEAR QUARTZ Are you striving to be the perfect you? We want to help. We realized that every time we focus on working out, or trying to lose weight the one thing every trainer or nutritionist says is that you must drink at least eight 8oz glasses of water to achieve your goals. So we thought,

Subsidence analysis is an important technique in the study of sedimentary basins but the effects of compaction must be backstripped. The compaction of sediments is also of importance for petroleum and water reservoir research with very important economic derivations. Most methods for calculating compaction are based on empirically derived porosity-depth relationships from a variety of known sediment types. The challenge of this paper is to apply alternative methods for calculating compaction in sedimentary basins based on: physical calculation with elastic by Steinbrenner, oedometric and change of the specific weight of the sediment methods; and use of Loadcap software.. The Triassic to Lower Miocene 3025m thick succession of Sierra Espuña (SE Spain) is used as case study for the calculations. In this succession former mineralogical studies and apatite fission-track suggested an original thickness between 4 and 6km. The validity of each one of the proposed methods is discussed, as well as, ...

Principal Investigator：TAIRA Masayuki, Project Period (FY)：1997 - 1999, Research Category：Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Section：一般, Research Field：補綴理工系歯学