Expression of Thy-1 on hematopoietic cells from human fetal liver (FL), cord blood (CB), and bone marrow (BM) was studied with a novel anti-Thy-1 antibody, 5E10. Specificity of 5E10 for human Thy-1 was demonstrated by immunoprecipitation of a 25-35-kD molecule, and the sequence of a cDNA that was cloned by immunoselection of COS cells transfected with a cDNA library derived from a 5E10+ cell line. Two- and three-color immunofluorescence staining experiments revealed that the Thy-1 expression is restricted to, an average, 1-4% of FL, CB, and BM cells, and binding to these cell types is essentially restricted to a very small subset of lymphoid cells and approximately 25% of CD34+ cells. Thy-1+ CD34+ cells were further characterized as CD38lo/CD45RO+/CD45RA-/CD71lo/c-kit(lo) and rhodamine 123dull. When CD34+ cells were sorted on the basis of Thy-1 expression, the majority of clonogenic cells were recovered in the CD34+Thy-1- fraction, whereas the majority of cells capable of producing myeloid ...

Buy THY1 elisa kit, Human Thy-1 membrane glycoprotein ELISA Kit-NP_001298089.1 (MBS2883482) product datasheet at MyBioSource, ELISA Kits

TY - JOUR. T1 - PMA inhibits endothelial cell migration through activating the PKC-δ/Syk/NF-κB-mediated up-regulation of Thy-1. AU - Wen, Heng Ching. AU - Huo, Yen Nien. AU - Chou, Chih Ming. AU - Lee, Wen Sen. PY - 2018/12/1. Y1 - 2018/12/1. N2 - We previously showed that overexpression of Thy-1 inhibited and knock-down of Thy-1 enhanced endothelial cell migration. Here, we used phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) as an inducer for Thy-1 expression to investigate molecular mechanisms underlying Thy-1 up-regulation. Our data showed that increased levels of Thy-1 mRNA and protein in endothelial cells were observed at 14-18 hours and 20-28 hours after PMA treatment, respectively. Treatment with PMA for 32 hours induced Thy-1 up-regulation and inhibited capillary-like tube formation and endothelial cell migration. These effects were abolished by Röttlerin (a PKC-δ inhibitor), but not Gö6976 (a PKC-α/β inhibitor). Moreover, pre-treatment with Bay 61-3606 (a Syk inhibitor) or Bay 11-7082 (a ...

Transcripomics; European eel; Water dams; Microarray; Synaptic plasticity; Fish brain; CALCIUM-BINDING PROTEINS; SURFACE GLYCOPROTEIN THY-1; MEDIATED ACTIN DYNAMICS; GENOMIC REACTION NORMS; ANGUILLA-ANGUILLA; SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; LOCOMOTOR-ACTIVITY; NEURAL PLASTICITY ...

|span style=font-family:Times,serif;font-size:9pt;>The HIS51 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to the rat Thy-1 antigen (CD90) expressed by hematopoietic stem cells, early myeloid and erythroid cells, immature B lymphocytes in the bone marrow and peripheral lymphoid organs, thymocytes, recent thymic emigrants (a subset of CD45RC- peripheral T cells), neurons, glomerular mesangial cells, endothelium at inflammatory sites, mast cells, and bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. Rat dendritic epidermal T cells (DEC) are Thy-1-negative. CD90 is a GPI-anchored membrane glycoprotein of the Ig superfamily which is involved in signal transduction. In addition, there is evidence in the mouse that CD90 mediates adhesion of thymocytes to thymic stroma. HIS51 antibody cross-reacts with the mouse Thy-1.1 alloantigen of the AKR/J and PL strains, but not Thy-1.2 found on most strains. In the mouse, CD90 is found on thymocytes, most peripheral T lymphocytes, some intraepithelial T lymphocytes (IEL, DEC),

CD90.1 (Thy-1.1), PerCP-Cyanine5.5, clone: HIS51, eBioscience™ 100μg; PerCP-Cyanine5.5 CD90.1 (Thy-1.1), PerCP-Cyanine5.5, clone: HIS51, eBioscience™...

The aim of this study was to develop new qPCR mixes capable of amplifying difficult DNA templates, such as those in whole blood, of medium size and/or GC-rich, in the presence of various DNA dyes. First, we assessed the properties of seven different DNA dyes in four widely used PCR buffers differing in salt composition. Our data indicate that the performance of various DNA dyes in qPCR is differently affected by salt composition of the PCR mixes. When genomic DNA fragment of mouse Thy-1 (864 bp) was amplified, SGI completely inhibited PCR in most of the PCR mixes. The only PCR mix which allowed efficient amplification of the Thy-1 fragment in the presence of SGI was mix IV, which differed from other mixes by the presence of both KCl and (NH4)2SO4 and the substitution of MgSO4 for MgCl2. This mix had pH 8.8, which also contributed to its performance; when pH of this mix was decreased to 8.0, SGI-mediated inhibition of PCR was noticed (data not shown). Besides pH, salt composition also plays a ...

Hintergrund. L-Arginin spielt eine komplexe Rolle in der renalen Matrixexpansion, eingeschlossen der endogene Stoffwechsel der Aminosäure in Stickoxid (NO), Polyamine, L-Prolin und Agmatin. Bei Ratten mit einer induzierten Anti-Thy1-Glomerulonephritis (GN) ist gezeigt worden, dass die diätetische Gabe von L-Arginin die Überproduktion von transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta sowie die Matrixakkumulation limitieren konnte. Die vorliegende Studie testet die Hypothese, dass die günstigen Effekte auf die Überexpression von TGF-beta in vivo durch die Generierung von NO vermittelt wird. Methoden. Einen Tag nach Induktion einer Anti-Thy-1-Glomerulonephritis wurden männliche Wistar Ratten, die mit normal proteinhaltigen Futter ernährt worden sind, in die folgenden Gruppen zugeordnet worden: (1) normale Kontrollen; (2) GN; (3) GN-Arg [plus 500 mg L-Arginin/die]; (4) GN-Arg-NAME [plus 500 mg L-Arginin/die und 75 mg/die des NO-Synthase-Inhibitors Nitro-L-Arginin-Methyl-Ester (L-NAME) im Trinkwasser] ...

Rat monoclonal CD200 / OX2 antibody [MRC OX90] validated for ELISA, IHC, Flow Cyt and tested in Mouse. With 1 independent review. Immunogen corresponding to…

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Ia8, a cell membrane antigen controlled by gene(s) located in the I region of the H-2 complex, was found on 9 of 26 murine leukemia cell lines. In addition, 3 of the 9 Ia8-bearing lines had a membrane receptor for antigen-antibody-complement complexes. Six of 26 lines bore the Thy-1.2 antigen. Ia8 and Thy-1.2 antigens were mutually exclusive on the cell lines studied. The strain of virus used to induce the leukemia, the H-2 type of the cells, and the techniques of leukemia cell propagation all appeared to influence the antigenic characteristics of the cell lines obtained. Production of infectious murine leukemia virus in vitro and expression of leukemia virus-induced membrane antigens did not appear to correlate with the presence of Ia8 or Thy-1.2 antigens or with the H-2 type of the cells.. ...

CD90 (Thy-1) Mouse anti-Human, Biotin, Clone: eBio5E10 (5E10), eBioscience™ 25 μg; Biotin CD90 (Thy-1) Mouse anti-Human, Biotin, Clone: eBio5E10 (5E10),...

Two mouse monoclonal antibodies to chicken immunoglobulin VH-associated idiotypes (Id), CId-1 and CId-2, were used as probes for Id determinants on mouse T cells. CId-1, which recognized chicken antibodies to N-acetyl glucosamine (NAGA), and approximately 0.4% of chicken T lymphocytes also reacted with approximately 0.2% of BALB/c splenic Thy-1.2+ cells. When enriched CId-1+ splenic T cells from NAGA-immune BALB/c mice were fused with the AKR thymoma BW 5147 cell line, 2 of 72 resulting hybrids, termed CId-1A and CId-1B, were reactive by indirect immunofluorescence with the CId-1 antibody. CId-1 determinants were expressed both in the cytoplasm and on the cell surface. Immunofluorescence studies revealed that both CId-1+ T cell hybrids were phenotypically identical: CId-2-/Ig-/Lyt-1+2-/Thy-1.2+/II-2d+/I-Ad-/I-Ak-/I-Jd+/I-Jk+. Incubation of CId-1B hybrid cells with concanavalin A or lentil lectin resulted in capping of the CId-1 determinant, whereas incubation with pokeweed mitogen, ...

After immunization, activated splenic T cells proliferate in periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths (PALS) and subsequently migrate to the lymphoid follicle where they enter nascent germinal centers. Analysis of TCR V(D)J gene rearrangements indicates extensive emigration, frequently involving more than a single white pulp region. These migrants constitute a unique set of T helper cells that express antigen-specific alpha beta TCR, CD3, and CD4, but little or no Thy-1, a differentiation antigen present on the great majority of peripheral murine T lymphocytes. The origin of CD4+ Thy-1 follicular T cells appears to be the Thy+ population in the PALS, as both sets commonly share identical V(D)J rearrangements. ...

We have shown previously that 131I-labeled antibodies against the Thy-1.1 differentiation antigen can cure AKR/Cum (Thy-1.2+) mice bearing AKR/J (Thy-1.1+) SL2 T-cell lymphoma. In the present study we have extended these studies to the therapy of SL2 lymphoma in AKR/J mice, where 131I-anti-labeled Thy-1.1 antibodies react with both tumor and normal T-lymphocytes.. A single 25-µg bolus of 131I-labeled anti-Thy-1.1 antibody was rapidly cleared from serum by binding to spleen cells (t½ , 3 h) and only low concentrations (,2% injected dose/g) were present in tumor 24 h after infusion. Doses of 0.5-5.0 mg antibody saturated cells in the spleen but only slightly increased the proportion of antibody in tumor. In contrast, pretreatment of mice with 1.0 mg of unlabeled anti-Thy-1.1 antibody 24 h prior to 131I-labeled antibody resulted in a tumor concentration of 9.7% injected dose/g 24 h after infusion of the radiolabeled antibody. With this latter regimen, biodistribution approximated that seen in ...

In the present study, we developed an enzyme immuno assay for quantitation of extracellular and intracellular Thy-1 antigens expressed by muscle cells cultured in 96 well-microplates. CK and LDH activities were also measured as muscle differentiation markers. Thy-1 antigens could be detected as early as 24 hours after trypsinization of muscle cells by our assay method but not by the immunofluorescence staining. The decrease of extracellular Thy-1 antigens but the increase of intracellular Thy-1 antigens were observed in parallel with the development of myotubes. When this procedure was applied for frozen sections of biopsied muscle tissues, several muscle enzymes were successfully quantitated. ...

This abstract was presented today at the 2014 Association for Research in Vision and Opthalmology (ARVO) meetings in Orlando, Florida by Haibo Wang, Yanchao Jiang and M. Elizabeth Hartnett. Thy-1 regulates VEGF-induced choroidal endothelial cell migration Dept of Ophthalmology, John A. Moran Eye Center, The University of Utah-Salt Lake City. Purpose: Choroidal endothelial cell (CEC) activation and migration […]. ...

Changes in AQP4, caspase-3, thy-1, ubiquitination, and GFAP expression were also followed in total retinal extracts using western blotting ...

Loss of Thy-1 expression in fibroblasts correlates with lung fibrogenesis; however, the clinical relevance of therapeutic targeting of myofibroblasts via Thy-1-associated pathways remains to be explored. Using single (self-resolving) or repetitive (nonresolving) intratracheal administration of bleomycin in type 1 collagen-GFP reporter mice, we report that Thy-1 surface expression, but not mRNA, is reversibly diminished in activated fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in self-resolving fibrosis. However, Thy-1 mRNA expression is silenced in lung with nonresolving fibrosis following repetitive bleomycin administration, associated with persistent activation of αv integrin. Thy1-null mice showed progressive αv integrin activation and myofibroblast accumulation after a single dose of bleomycin. In vitro, targeting of αv integrin by soluble Thy-1-Fc (sThy-1), but not RLE-mutated Thy-1 or IgG, reversed TGF-β1-induced myofibroblast differentiation in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that Thy-1s ...

Adoptive immunotherapy (AIT) involving transfer of tumor-sensitized T lymphocytes in combination with cyclophosphamide (CY)-injection results in the eradication of the C57BL/6J (B6) rhabdomyosarcoma, 76-9 and is associated with the accumulation of a large number of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL). Using immune spleen cells (ISC) from B6 and congenic B6. PL. Thy-1a mice, it was shown that most (| or = 97%) of the TIL were donor-derived. This in situ increase in donor-derived T cells was confirmed by using positively-selected Thy- 1.1+ and Thy- 1.2+ TIL for AIT after isolating them from regressing tumors and expanding them in rIL-2. The extent of CD8+ TIL expansion in vivo correlated with the numbers of TIL adoptively transferred and this in turn determined the degree of anti-tumor effects. It was evident, however, that these in vitro-expanded TIL expressing mRNA for TNF alpha and IFN gamma were qualitatively different and therapeutically less efficacious than the T cells associated with

Thy1 - Thy1 (Myc-DDK-tagged ORF) - Rat Thy-1 cell surface antigen (Thy1), (10 ug) available for purchase from OriGene - Your Gene Company.

Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) is released from mesangial cells in experimental mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis induced with anti-Thy 1.1 antibody. To investigate the functional role of released FGF-2, rats received either neutralizing anti-FGF-2 IgG or a functional peptide antagonist of FGF-2 (FGF119-126) before or shortly after induction of anti-Thy 1.1 nephritis. In additional experiments, rats were treated with bolus injections of FGF-2 from 2 to 6 h after disease induction. The data showed that anti-FGF-2 therapy led to significant reductions of early mesangial cell injury (mesangiolysis, microaneurysm formation) and the subsequent mesangioproliferative changes (glomerular de novo expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin, mesangial cell proliferation, matrix accumulation, and platelet influx). Conversely, injections of FGF-2 augmented both mesangial injury and the subsequent mesangioproliferative changes. Studies on the mechanisms underlying the amplification of mesangial cell ...

After corneal injury, keratocytes become activated and transform into repair phenotypes-corneal fibroblasts or myofibroblasts, however, these important cells are difficult to identify histologically, compromising studies of stromal wound healing. Recent studies indicate that expression of the cell surface protein, Thy-1, is induced in fibroblast populations associated with wound healing and fibrosis in other tissues. We investigated whether keratocyte transformation to either repair-associated phenotype induced Thy-1 expression. Human corneal keratocytes were isolated by collagenase digestion. The cells were either processed immediately (i.e. freshly isolated keratocytes) or were cultured in the presence of 10% fetal bovine serum or transforming growth factor-β to induce transformation to the corneal fibroblast and myofibroblast phenotypes, respectively. Thy-1 mRNA and protein expression by freshly isolated keratocytes and corneal fibroblasts were assessed by RT-PCR and Western blotting. mRNA ...

The effect of nerve growth factor (NGF) on the expression of neurofilament and Thy-1 genes in rat PC12 pheochromocytoma cells was examined at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Addition of NGF to cultured PC12 cells produced increases in mRNAs corresponding to the 68 kd neurofilament protein (NF68) and the Thy-1 glycoprotein within 24 h, with maximal effects of some 90- and 45-fold stimulation (relative to beta-actin mRNA) being observed after 12 and 4 days of treatment, respectively. In addition, transcriptional run-off analyses using isolated nuclei showed that NGF treatment resulted directly in 8- and 4-fold increases in the rate of NF68 and Thy-1 gene transcription. These gene activation events were independent of overt morphological differentiation of PC12 cells occurring both under conditions permissive and non-permissive for neurite outgrowth, and once established the new molecular phenotype was dependent upon the continued presence of NGF. This is the first ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Heterogeneity of macrophage activation in anti-Thy-1.1 nephritis. AU - Minto, A.. AU - Erwig, Lars Peter. AU - Rees, Andrew Jackson. PY - 2003/11. Y1 - 2003/11. N2 - Macrophages infiltrating glomeruli in telescoped nephrotoxic nephritis are programmed. The purpose of this study was to assess whether macrophages infiltrating glomeruli of rats with passively induced injury become similarly programmed, and to determine whether macrophage commitment is an early event. Glomerular macrophages isolated from rats with resolving and proliferative anti-Thy-1 nephritis were examined for nitric oxide (NO) generation and expression of lysosomal hydrolases. After a single injection of Thy-1 antibody the cells generated large amounts of NO that was attenuated ex vivo by transforming growth factor-beta and other anti-inflammatory cytokines. In contrast macrophages infiltrating glomeruli immediately after a second injection of Thy-1 antibody generated No spontaneously and were unresponsive to ...

Fig. 5 Shenhua Tablet downregulates p-Erk1/2 and cyclin D1 while upregulating p21 in the renal cortex of rats with anti-Thy-1 nephritis. a Western blot was performed to detect the expression levels of p-Erk1/2, cyclin D1 and p21 in all drug-treated groups as well as the controls. b Quantification of the cyclin D1, p21 and p-Erk1/2. Expression level of p-Erk1/2 was normalized with total Erk1/2 while cyclin D1 and p21 were normalized with beta-actin. Each bar represents the mean ± SD of six rats. * p, 0.05, ** p, 0.01 vs. Thy-1; # p, 0.05, ## p, 0.01 vs. Irb group. Discussion. Abnormal proliferation of mesangial cells is an important pathological feature of multiple immune-mediated glo-merular diseases; continuous mesangial cell proliferation eventually leads to irreversible glomerulosclerosis, and even progresses to renal failure [4]. MsPGN, including IgAN and non-IgA MsPGN, is the most common glo-merulonephritis and the primary cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) [10]. Therefore, inhibition ...

The human CD90 antigen (also known as Thy-1) is the smallest (18 kDa) member of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily (IgSF). It is a highly glycosylated molecule with a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor consisting of a single IgSF variable domain. The CD90 molecule has a broad tissue distribution and is expressed in nervous tissue, connective tissue and various stromal cell lines. It characterizes a rare subset of human fetal bone marrow cells, that contains multipotent hematopoietic progenitor activity. This antigen is expressed on a subset of CD34 positive cells from human bone marrow, cord blood or fetal liver. It is also expressed on very small subsets of thymocytes and peripheral T-lymphocytes. *Alexa Fluor and Pacific Blue are registered trademarks of Molecular Probes, Inc.

article: Loss of Thy-1 may reduce lung regeneration after pneumonectomy in mice - Minerva Medica 2020 Jul 20 - Minerva Medica - Journals

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In this study, we have shown that Thy-1 functions in cell-cell signaling via dual interaction with αvβ3 integrin and syndecan-4. Engagement of these two receptors leads to FA and SF formation in astrocytes, increasing their adhesion to the underlying matrix. To date, the following cooperative interactions of integrins and syndecans with the extracellular matrix have been reported to increase adhesion: (1) α5β1 integrin and syndecan-4 with fibronectin (Bloom et al., 1999; Woods et al., 1986); (2) αvβ3 integrin, αvβ5 integrin and syndecan-1 with vitronectin (Beauvais et al., 2004; McQuade et al., 2006), and (3) α2β1 integrin, α6β4 integrin and syndecans with laminin (Hozumi et al., 2006; Ogawa et al., 2007). These examples underscore the fact that cooperation between these types of receptors has so far been viewed as a matrix-rather than a cell-initiated signaling process. Interestingly, despite the distinct nature of the ligand implicated in this case, namely Thy-1, similar signaling ...

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1. In a systematic review and meta-analysis, spinal manipulative therapy was associated with statistically significant benefits in both pain and function for

Four glycopeptides (I, IIA, IIB, III) with different oligosaccharide structures were isolated from purified mouse thymocyte Thy-1 glycoprotein. The glycoprotein was digested with Pronase, and the glycopeptide fraction was isolated by gel filtration and acetylated with [3H]acetic anhydride. The different glycan structures were separated by affinity chromatography on concanavalin A-Sepharose 4B and lentil lectin-Sepharose 4B. Size determinations of intact and exoglycosidase- and endoglycosidase-digested glycopeptides were performed by gel filtration on Bio-Gel P-6, calibrated with glycopeptides of known structure. On the basis of these experiments and on the behaviour of the glycopeptides on the lectin columns, the following structures of the oligosaccharide chains were proposed: I, triantennary complex-type with terminal fucose; IIA, biantennary complex-type without fucose; IIB, biantennary complex-type with fucose; III, a mixture of high-mannose chains containing either five or six ...

The site-specific glycosylation of soluble recombinant variants of human and rat CD4 (sCD4) expressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells has been characterized. The presence of identical oligosaccharides at the conserved glycosylation site in domain 3 of rat and human sCD4 and the greater abundance of oligomannose and hybrid type glycans at the non-conserved glycosylation site of rat sCD4 clearly indicate that the protein structure influences oligosaccharide processing. Comparisons of rat sCD4 glycopeptides with mutant molecules with only single glycosylation sites and with a truncated form containing only the two NH2-terminal domains, indicate that independent processing occurs at each glycosylation site and that domain interactions can also affect oligosaccharide processing. These and other analyses of sCD2 expressed in CHO cells and Thy-1 purified from various tissues suggest that the diversity of oligosaccharide structures on a protein is regulated by the location of the glycosylation sites and

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Background Controversial effects of L-arginine-NO pathway have been shown on renal disease. The present study analyzes the main downstream of L-arginine-NO pathway, the NO-cGMP signaling in and the effect of the specific sGC stimulator Bay 41-2272 on the injury, matrix expansion and progression phases in the rat model of anti-thy1-induced renal disease. Methods The injection of anti-thy1 antibody into rats with two kidneys or nephrectomized rats caused a sequence of the injury, matrix expansion and progression phases. The effects of Bay 41-2272 (10 mg/kg body weight/d) treatment on systolic blood pressure, proteinuria, kidney function, glomerular and tubulointerstitial matrix protein accumulation, expression of TGF- beta1, fibronectin and PAI-1, macrophage infiltration, alpha1sGC and beta1sGC mRNA expression and basal and NO-stimulated renal cGMP production were determined. In the chronic anti-thy1 model, the effect of Bay 41-2272 was compared side-by-side to the sole vasodilator hydralazine (15 ...

Taylor, SRJ, Turner, CM, Elliott, JI, McDaid, J, Hewitt, R, Smith, J, Pickering, MC, Whitehouse, DL, Cook, HT, Burnstock, G et al, Pusey, CD, Unwin, RJ and Tam, FWK. (2009) P2X(7) Deficiency Attenuates Renal Injury in Experimental Glomerulonephritis ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Selective CCR2-targeted macrophage depletion ameliorates experimental mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis. AU - McIntosh, L. M.. AU - Barnes, J. L.. AU - Barnes, V. L.. AU - McDonald, J. R.. PY - 2009/2/1. Y1 - 2009/2/1. N2 - The CCL2/CCR2 chemokine/receptor axis directs the chemotaxis of infiltrating monocytes/macrophages and T cells and plays a pivotal role in tissue damage and fibrosis in kidney diseases. The eradication of the activated leucocytes should diminish the production of inflammatory mediators, limit tissue damage and ameliorate disease. A recombinant fusion protein (OPL-CCL2-LPM) comprised of the human CCL2 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) chemokine fused to a truncated form of the enzymatically active A1 domain of Shigella dysenteriae holotoxin (SA1) has been developed. The CCL2 portion binds specifically to CCR2-bearing leucocytes and the fusion protein enters the cells, where the SA1 moiety inhibits protein synthesis resulting in cell death. The ...

Anti-Thy1.1 antibody conjugated to Allophycocyanin [HIS51] validated for Flow Cyt and tested in Mouse and Rat. Immunogen corresponding to tissue, cells or virus

Purpose: Phosphorylation is a major type of protein post-translational modification. In this study, we evaluated the phosphoproteomic changes in the retina induced by optic nerve crush (ONC) in the mouse, an acute model of central nervous system (CNS) axonal injury. The functional role of an identified major phosphoprotein was further studied. Methods: Intraorbital ONC was performed in adult C57BL/6J mice. Retinas were collected at 0, 6, and 12 h following optic nerve injury. Retinal proteins labeled with CyDye-C2 were subjected to 2D-PAGE. 2D gel phosphoprotein staining was performed, followed by in-gel and cross-gel image analysis. The ratio change of protein differential phosphorylation following ONC was obtained. Proteins with significant changes in phosphorylation (ratios ≥ 1.5) in retinas of the injured eyes compared to the control eyes were spot-picked, tryptic digested, and peptide fragments were analyzed by MALDI-TOF (MS) and TOF/TOF (tandem MS/MS). Proteins identity was based on 10 or more

Mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis is a disease that has a high incidence in humans. In this disease, the proliferation of glomerular mesangial cells and the production of extracellular matrix are important. In recent years, the RNAi technology has been widely used in the treatment of various diseases due to its capability to inhibit the gene expression with high specificity and targeting. The objective of this study was to decrease mesangial cell proliferation by knocking down PDGF-B and its receptor, PDGFR-beta. To be able to use small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) in the treatment of this disease successfully, it is necessary to develop appropriate delivery systems. Chitosan, which is a biopolymer, is used as a siRNA delivery system in kidney drug targeting. In order to deliver siRNA molecules targeted at PDGF-B and PDGFR-beta, chitosan/siRNA nanoplexes were prepared. The in vitro characterization, transfection studies, and knockdown efficiencies were studied in immortalized and primary rat ...

Definition of proliferative glomerulonephritis. Provided by Stedmans medical dictionary and Drugs.com. Includes medical terms and definitions.

The rapid expansion in the number of encephalitis disorders associated with autoantibodies against neuronal proteins has led to an incremental increase in use of the term autoimmune epilepsy, yet has occurred with limited attention to the physiopathology of each disease and genuine propensity to develop epilepsy. Indeed, most autoimmune encephalitides present with seizures, but the probability of evolving to epilepsy is relatively small. The risk of epilepsy is higher for disorders in which the antigens are intracellular (often T cell-mediated) compared with disorders in which the antigens are on the cell surface (antibody-mediated). Most autoantibodies against neuronal surface antigens show robust effects on the target proteins, resulting in hyperexcitability and impairment of synaptic function and plasticity. Here, we trace the evolution of the concept of autoimmune epilepsy and examine common inflammatory pathways that might lead to epilepsy. Then, we focus on several antibody-mediated ...

V 4 ? . , .-.-. ..;.t.w:.-- ..v.- V e3 jhi! fify&&fyrf ..- t.- 1 1:. -.1 :J A ?.: jl . W AT 37 ? ii in f in r n i in i tkmtmmmmmjm0 J 7m i n j - - 1 r; V - TT1 , It P 7 I I I Tims! siir i -Iut j i . . i a g i r ? o ti i , fT;wv.,iM; ;ri! TT! in r$&jpxhU of boyhood lotti - ! ,1. it : :: 1 ,.Bot fBfttOOt Kplwq btforp lp--,i.) ,..., 1 trrr$Uin i (;.!.! : r ;;. ,i:a-.-M On whtf bar IISsIm mould - , 1I4i4lti,WTglT rireat; :i . ..vj. nit MrAr emtkt! 1 ..rr T.1 1 1 l -1 at L : Ooave to beaven I y, la baaven i fin rf ; ; -UefrpirU liriri ber layj - - a Ior m earth aha plumed her pinionaL-! 1 Y (iil t 1 ( ! - h othr aaed W pray t 1 1 r TbtA, my heart, renoane thy- aadaaea ! vfi. J . i-Thv Voaa ia ber areai cala r ? ! vH At. f - i. ,dnr-. -Piaa,praH forward laber fjotprtatar i i n-i;:( I.svh, mother eat,Vg-3 J j- 7 V : 7 i . r . - - -i.irti;.A.i. .Writ ti Jt. l araoa f -a w u uut! U , . uras. !ij wr Hi I . a 3h ca ..4- ...

V 4 ? . , .-.-. ..;.t.w:.-- ..v.- V e3 jhi! fify&&fyrf ..- t.- 1 1:. -.1 :J A ?.: jl . W AT 37 ? ii in f in r n i in i tkmtmmmmmjm0 J 7m i n j - - 1 r; V - TT1 , It P 7 I I I Tims! siir i -Iut j i . . i a g i r ? o ti i , fT;wv.,iM; ;ri! TT! in r$&jpxhU of boyhood lotti - ! ,1. it : :: 1 ,.Bot fBfttOOt Kplwq btforp lp--,i.) ,..., 1 trrr$Uin i (;.!.! : r ;;. ,i:a-.-M On whtf bar IISsIm mould - , 1I4i4lti,WTglT rireat; :i . ..vj. nit MrAr emtkt! 1 ..rr T.1 1 1 l -1 at L : Ooave to beaven I y, la baaven i fin rf ; ; -UefrpirU liriri ber layj - - a Ior m earth aha plumed her pinionaL-! 1 Y (iil t 1 ( ! - h othr aaed W pray t 1 1 r TbtA, my heart, renoane thy- aadaaea ! vfi. J . i-Thv Voaa ia ber areai cala r ? ! vH At. f - i. ,dnr-. -Piaa,praH forward laber fjotprtatar i i n-i;:( I.svh, mother eat,Vg-3 J j- 7 V : 7 i . r . - - -i.irti;.A.i. .Writ ti Jt. l araoa f -a w u uut! U , . uras. !ij wr Hi I . a 3h ca ..4- ...

A webpage today is often the sum of many different components. A users home page on a social-networking site, for instance, might display the latest posts from the users friends; the associated images, links, and comments; notifications of pending messages and comments on the users own posts; a list of events; a list of topics currently driving online discussions; a list of games, some of which are flagged to indicate that its the users turn; and of course the all-important ads, which the site depends on for revenues ...

A webpage today is often the sum of many different components. A users home page on a social-networking site, for instance, might display the latest posts from the users friends; the associated images, links, and comments; notifications of pending messages and comments on the users own posts; a list of events; a list of topics currently driving online discussions; a list of games, some of which are flagged to indicate that its the users turn; and of course the all-important ads, which the site depends on for revenues ...