TY - JOUR. T1 - Computer-assisted densitometric analysis for quantification of cell surface antigen expression in monkey cardiac allografts. T2 - Correspondence to histopathologic grade of rejection. AU - Kitamura, M.. AU - Lackides, G. A.. AU - Billingham, M. E.. AU - Clayberger, C.. AU - Starnes, V. A.. PY - 1993/1/1. Y1 - 1993/1/1. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0027462720&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0027462720&partnerID=8YFLogxK. M3 - Article. C2 - 8442269. AN - SCOPUS:0027462720. VL - 25. SP - 924. EP - 927. JO - Transplantation Proceedings. JF - Transplantation Proceedings. SN - 0041-1345. IS - 1 SUPPL. 1. ER - ...
CD26 and CD31 surface antigen expression on human colostral T cells.: The expression levels of CD26 and CD31 surface antigens, two adhesion/activation molecules
Lubaroff, D M., Antigenic markers on rat lymphocytes. I. Characterization of a.r.t., An alloantigenic marker on rat thymus and thymus-derived cells. (1977). Subject Strain Bibliography 1977. 2102 ...
Tumor cells were treated with rabbit antibody to tumor-associated cell surface antigens and tested with erythrocytes coated with antibody specific for the sensitizing rabbit immunoglobulin. The sensitized tumor cells formed rosettes with the indicator cells. By this method, we confirmed that line 1 and line 10 hepatoma cells (from two tumors independently induced by diethylnitrosamine in strain 2 guinea pigs) bear antigens not present on normal liver cells. We also confirmed that line 1 and line 10 cells bear antigenically different tumor-associated cell surface antigens. This method appears simpler than other serological methods for detecting tumor-associated cell surface antigens on tumor cells. Also, this method may be a general one for detecting and enumerating cells bearing surface antigens.. ...
The pathogen. · Has antigens which identify it as foreign. Infected cells. · May damage attacking pathogens with organelles such as lysosomes and display them on their surface membrane (antigen presentation). Macrophages. · Act like phagocytes, engulfing and digesting any pathogens. · Separate out antigens from digested pathogens and display them in antigen presentation. · Release monokines which attract neutrophils and stimulate B and T cell division and differentiation. T cells. · Matching T cells detect the antigen using receptors on their cell membranes- this…. ...
The TandAb technology enables the development of innovative antibody therapeutics for improved treatment of various diseases. This platform has been primarily applied to oncology and comprises of CD3 RECRUIT- and CD16A RECRUIT-TandAbs for activation of T and NK effector cells, respectively, and lysis of target cells expressing specific surface antigens. The CD3 RECRUIT-TandAb AFM11 is a human bispecific tetravalent antibody with two binding sites for the α-chain of CD3 and two binding sites for CD19. CD19 is expressed at early stages of B cell development and persists until the final differentiation into plasma cells. Thus, CD19 represents an attractive target for the treatment of various B cell malignancies including leukemias and lymphomas that lack CD20 expression or are refractory to anti-CD20 antibody therapies. In vitro cytotoxicity assays employing tumor cell lines demonstrate high potency of AFM11 in mediating target cell lysis: EC50 values are in the low to sub-picomolar range ...
Fenyo, E M. and Grundner, G, Expression of virus-controlled cell surface antigen(s) in hybrids between mouse l cells (a9 subline) and various mouse and human cells derived from tumours and normal tissues. Abstr. (1971). Subject Strain Bibliography 1971. 647 ...
Monoclonal antibodies to human T lymphocyte surface structures have essentially contributed to a better understanding of cellular mechanisms and interactions involved in the generation of human T...
[140 Pages Report] The cell surface markers market is valued at an estimated USD 520 million in 2018 and is projected to reach USD 769 million by 2023, at a
TY - JOUR. T1 - Milk fat globule-EGF factor VIII attenuates CNS injury by promoting neural stem cell proliferation and migration after cerebral ischemia. AU - Cheyuo, Cletus. AU - Aziz, Monowar. AU - Yang, Weng Lang. AU - Jacob, Asha. AU - Zhou, Mian. AU - Wang, Ping. N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2015 Cheyuo et al.. PY - 2015/4/13. Y1 - 2015/4/13. N2 - The mediators in activating neural stem cells during the regenerative process of neurogenesis following stroke have not been fully identified. Milk fat globule-EGF Factor VIII (MFG-E8), a secreted glycoprotein serves several cellular functions by binding to its receptor, αvβ3-integrin. However, its role in regulating neural stem cells after stroke has not been determined yet. We therefore, aim to reveal whether MFG-E8 promotes neural stem cell proliferation and migration during stroke. Stroke was induced in wild-type (Wt) and MFG-E8-deficinet (Mfge8-/-) mice by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). Commercially available ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Milk fat globule epidermal growth factor 8 attenuates acute lung injury in mice after intestinal ischemia and reperfusion. AU - Cui, Tianpen. AU - Miksa, Michael. AU - Wu, Rongqian. AU - Komura, Hidefumi. AU - Zhou, Mian. AU - Dong, Weifeng. AU - Wang, Zhimin. AU - Higuchi, Shinya. AU - Chaung, Wayne. AU - Blau, Steven A.. AU - Marini, Corrado P.. AU - Ravikumar, Thanjavur S.. AU - Wang, Ping. PY - 2010/2/1. Y1 - 2010/2/1. N2 - Rationale: Milk fat globule epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) is a potent opsonin for the clearance of apoptotic cells and is produced by mononuclear cells of immune competent organs including the spleen and lungs. It attenuates chronic and acute inflammation such as autoimmune glomerulonephritis and bacterial sepsis by enhancing apoptotic cell clearance. Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury of the gut results in severe inflammation, apoptosis, and remote organ damage, including acute lung injury (ALI). Objectives: To determine whether MFG-E8 attenuates ...
Cardiac hypertrophy occurs in response to numerous stimuli like neurohumoral stress, pressure overload, infection, and injury, and leads to heart failure. Mfge8 (milk fat globule-EGF factor 8) is a secreted protein involved in various human diseases, but its regulation and function during cardiac hypertrophy remain unexplored. Here, we found that circulating MFGE8 levels declined significantly in failing hearts from patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Correlation analyses revealed that circulating MFGE8 levels were negatively correlated with the severity of cardiac dysfunction and remodeling in affected patients. Deleting Mfge8 in mice maintained normal heart function at basal level but substantially exacerbated the hypertrophic enlargement of cardiomyocytes, reprogramming of pathological genes, contractile dysfunction, and myocardial fibrosis after aortic banding surgery. In contrast, cardiac-specific Mfge8 overexpression in transgenic mice significantly blunted aortic banding-induced cardiac ...
VlsE, the variable surface antigen of Borrelia burgdorferi, consists of two invariable domains at the amino and carboxyl termini and one central variable domain. The latter contains six invariable regions, IR(1) to IR(6), and six variable regions. In the present study, the antigenicity of all of the invariable regions in B. burgdorferi-infected monkeys, humans, and mice was assessed by peptide-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Only one invariable region, IR(6), was antigenic in all animals of the three host species. IR(2) and IR(4) were also antigenic in mice ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Identification of Naturally Processed Helper T-Cell Epitopes from Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Using Peptide-Based in Vitro Stimulation. AU - Kobayashi, Hiroya. AU - Omiya, Ryusuke. AU - Sodey, Benjamin. AU - Yanai, Mitsuru. AU - Oikawa, Kensuke. AU - Sato, Keisuke. AU - Kimura, Shoji. AU - Senju, Satoru. AU - Nishimura, Yasuharu. AU - Tateno, Masatoshi. AU - Celis, Esteban. PY - 2003/11/1. Y1 - 2003/11/1. N2 - Purpose: There is growing evidence that CD4+ helper T lymphocytes (HTLs) play an essential role in the induction and long-term maintenance of antitumor CTL responses. Thus, approaches to develop effective T-cell-based immunotherapy should focus in the stimulation of both CTLs and HTLs reactive against tumor-associated antigens. The present studies were performed with the purpose of identifying HTL epitopes for prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) for the optimization of vaccines for prostate cancer. Experimental Design: Synthetic peptides from regions of the ...
Peripheral Node Addressin products available through Novus Biologicals. Browse our Peripheral Node Addressin product catalog backed by our Guarantee+.
Solving the Convergence Problem in the Synthesis of Triantennary N-Glycan Relevant to Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) Journal Article ...
Picture of Chemical structure of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA,.. stock photo, images and stock photography.. Image 16083639.
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is overexpressed in prostate cancer. Radiolabeled small molecules that bind with high affinity to its active extracellular center have emerged as a potential new diagnostic standard of reference for prostate cancer, resulting in images with extraordinary tumor-to-background contrast.
Accurate staging of high-risk localised, advanced, and metastatic prostate cancer is becoming increasingly more important in guiding local and systemic treatment. Gallium-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET) has increasingly been utilised globally to assess the local and metastatic burden of prostate cancer, typically in biochemically recurrent or advanced disease.
Journal: EJNMMI - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging ArticleTitle: Prostate-specific membrane antigen PET imaging and immunohistochemistry in adenoid cystic carcinoma-a preliminary analysis
TY - JOUR. T1 - Integrin-associated protein. T2 - A 50-kD plasma membrane antigen physically and functionally associated with integrins. AU - Brown, Eric. AU - Hooper, Lora. AU - Ho, Thang. AU - Gresham, Hattie. PY - 1990/12/1. Y1 - 1990/12/1. N2 - Phagocytosis by monocytes or neutrophils can be enhanced by interaction with several proteins or synthetic peptides containing the Arg-Gly-Asp sequence. Recently we showed that an mAb, B6H12, specifically inhibited this enhancement of neutrophi1 phagocytosis by inhibiting Arg-Gly-Asp binding to the leukocyte response integrin (Gresham, H.D., J.L. Goodwin, P.M. Allen, D.C. Anderson, and E.J. Brown. 1989. J. Cell Biol. 108:1935-1943). Now, we have purified the antigen recognized by B6H12 to homogeneity. Surprisingly, it is a 50-kD molecu1e that is expressed on the plasma membranes of all hematopoietic cells, including erythrocytes, which express no known integrins. On platelets and placenta, but not on erythrocytes, this protein is associated with an ...
Complete information for MFGE8 gene (Protein Coding), Milk Fat Globule-EGF Factor 8 Protein, including: function, proteins, disorders, pathways, orthologs, and expression. GeneCards - The Human Gene Compendium
The CD56 antigen is a 140 kDa isoform of the Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule (N-CAM). Post-translational modifications to the polypeptide include N- and O- glycosylations, acylation, sulphation and phosphorylation. The different N-CAM isoforms have molecular weights ranging from 135 to 220 kDa. The CD56 antigen is moderately expressed on a subpopulation of peripheral blood large granular lymphocytes and on all cells with NK activity. It is also expressed by subsets of T lymphocytes. CD56 antibodies do not react with granulocytes, monocytes or B cells.
TY - JOUR. T1 - T cell recognition of QA-1b antigens on cells lacking a functional Tap-2 transporter. AU - Aldrich, C. J.. AU - Waltrip, R.. AU - Hermel, E.. AU - Attaya, M.. AU - Lindahl, K. F.. AU - Monaco, J. J.. AU - Forman, J.. PY - 1992/12/1. Y1 - 1992/12/1. N2 - MHC class Ia H chains and β2-microglobulin assemble with appropriate peptides to form stable cell surface molecules that serve as targets for Ag- specific CTL. The structural similarities of class Ia and the less polymorphic Q/T/M (class Ib) molecules suggest that class Ib molecules also play a role in antigen presentation, although the origin of the peptides they present remains mostly unclear. The cell line RMA-S has a defect in class I Ag presentation, presumably due to a mutation in a peptide transporter gene. This defect can be overcome by transfection of RMA-S cells with the Tap-2 gene (formerly Ham-2) that encodes an ATP-binding transporter protein. We now show that a substantial portion of alloreactive CTL specific for ...
Shop Leukocyte surface antigen ELISA Kit, Recombinant Protein and Leukocyte surface antigen Antibody at MyBioSource. Custom ELISA Kit, Recombinant Protein and Antibody are available.
Gentaur molecular products has all kinds of products like :search , Clemente Associates Inc \ HUMAN CELL SURFACE MOLECULES cd 9 platelets, pre B,mono,endothelia,epithilia \ cd9 250 for more molecular products just contact us
Gentaur molecular products has all kinds of products like :search , Clemente Associates Inc \ HUMAN CELL SURFACE MOLECULES cd 45 all human leukocytes \ cd45 50 for more molecular products just contact us
Looking for differentiation antigen? Find out information about differentiation antigen. A cell surface antigen that is expressed only during a specific period of embryological differentiation Explanation of differentiation antigen
There is an urgent need for an effective treatment for metastatic prostate cancer (PC). Prostate tumors invariably overexpress prostate surface membrane antigen (PSMA). We designed a nonviral vector, PEI-PEG-DUPA (PPD), comprising polyethylenimine-polyethyleneglycol (PEI-PEG) tethered to the PSMA ligand, 2-[3-(1, 3-dicarboxy propyl)ureido] pentanedioic acid (DUPA), to treat PC. The purpose of PEI is to bind polyinosinic/polycytosinic acid (polyIC) and allow endosomal release, while DUPA targets PC cells. PolyIC activates multiple pathways that lead to tumor cell death and to the activation of bystander effects that harness the immune system against the tumor, attacking nontargeted neighboring tumor cells and reducing the probability of acquired resistance and disease recurrence ...
Y Nakamura, M Noma, M Kidokoro, N Kobayashi, M Takei, S Kurashima, T Mukaiyama, S Kato; Expression of CD33 antigen on normal human activated T lymphocytes [letter]. Blood 1994; 83 (5): 1442-1443. doi: https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.V83.5.1442.bloodjournal8351442. Download citation file:. ...
Immunofluorescence labeling of cell surface antigens in Dictyostelium. . Biblioteca virtual para leer y descargar libros, documentos, trabajos y tesis universitarias en PDF. Material universiario, documentación y tareas realizadas por universitarios en nuestra biblioteca. Para descargar gratis y para leer online.
BioMagnetic Solutions has engineered next generation ferrofluids (nano-magnetic liquids) with enhanced magnetics for selective recovery and/or enrichment of cells expressing specific surface antigens or for capturing macromolecules. The augmented magnetic character of our materials increases their magnetic pull which lowers limits of detection and saves time (in concert with our more powerful quadrupole and hexapole magnets) enabling researchers to work more efficiently.. ...
Shop Surface antigen ELISA Kit, Recombinant Protein and Surface antigen Antibody at MyBioSource. Custom ELISA Kit, Recombinant Protein and Antibody are available.
Hepatitis A Surface Antigen Antibodies available through Novus Biologicals. Browse our Hepatitis A Surface Antigen Antibody catalog backed by our Guarantee+.
CHEMISTRY: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND MICROBIOLOGY : ANIMAL CELL, PER SE (E.G., CELL LINES, ETC.); COMPOSITION THEREOF; PROCESS OF PROPAGATING, MAINTAINING OR PRESERVING AN ANIMAL CELL OR COMPOSITION THEREOF; PROCESS OF ISOLATING OR SEPARATING AN ANIMAL CELL OR COMPOSITION THEREOF; PROCESS OF PREPARING A COMPOSITION CONTAINING AN ANIMAL CELL; CULTURE MEDIA THEREFORE : Animal cell, per se, expressing immunoglobulin, antibody, or fragment thereof : Immunoglobulin or antibody binds a microorganism or normal or mutant component or product thereof (e.g., animal cell, cell surface antigen, secretory product, etc.) : Binds a cancer cell or component or product thereof (e.g., cell surface antigen, etc.) : Binds a lymphocytic or lymphocytic-like cell or component or product thereof (e.g., B cell, B-lineage bone marrow cell, null cell, natural killer cell, B-lymphoblastoid cell, B-lineage, acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell, B-lymphocytic cell surface antigen, etc ...
During the last several years, the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and corresponding radiolabeled inhibitors have become one of the most …
AppliedStemCell eCommerce Platform anti-SSEA-1 (m), monoclonal antibody [ASA-0135] - The SSEA family is a group of cell-surface antigenic markers expressed on ES/iPS cells. SSEA-1 is highly expressed in mouse ES/iPS cells but not in human ES/iPS cells. Ap
Role of γ/δ T cell surface molecules and soluble mediators in DC maturation. (A) CD40 ligand cell surface expression by JR.2. γ/δ T cells. CD40 ligand expre
Australský antigen je označení pro antigen viru hepatitidy B, který se nachází na povrchu virových částic. Označuje se též jako „surface antigen (HBsAg). Diagnostika přítomnosti antigenu v krvi je důležitá pro diagnostiku hepatitidy B ...
|strong|Mouse anti Human CD64 antibody, clone 10.1|/strong| recognizes the human CD64 cell surface antigen, a ~75 kDa glycoprotein expressed by monocytes. The antigen acts as a high affinity rece…
Mouse anti Human CD163 antibody, clone EDHu-1 recognizes the human CD163 cell surface antigen, a 130-140 kDa glycoprotein expressed by tissue macropha
PSMA兔多克隆抗体(ab41034)可与人样本反应并经WB, ICC/IF实验严格验证。中国75%以上现货,所有产品均提供质保服务,可通过电话、电邮或微信获得本地专属技术支持。
When a specific frequency of light is shone on the tissue, the reporter can be made to fluoresce. The presence of fluorescent color would then indicate that the antibody, and thus the antigen, is present in the tissue, meaning that the cell would be positive for the cluster of differentiation being identified.[7] ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Mapping of the active site of glutamate carboxypeptidase II by site-directed mutagenesis. AU - Mlčochová, Petra. AU - Plechanovová, Anna. AU - Bařinka, Cyril. AU - Mahadevan, Daruka. AU - Saldanha, Jose W.. AU - Rulíšek, Lubomír. AU - Konvalinka, Jan. PY - 2007/9. Y1 - 2007/9. N2 - Human glutamate carboxypeptidase II [GCPII (EC 3.4.17.21)] is recognized as a promising pharmacological target for the treatment and imaging of various pathologies, including neurological disorders and prostate cancer. Recently reported crystal structures of GCPII provide structural insight into the organization of the substrate binding cavity and highlight residues implicated in substrate/inhibitor binding in the S1′ site of the enzyme. To complement and extend the structural studies, we constructed a model of GCPII in complex with its substrate, N-acetyl-l-aspartyl-l-glutamate, which enabled us to predict additional amino acid residues interacting with the bound substrate, and used ...
Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen Antibody-Drug Conjugate (PSMA ADC) 1301EXT is an open-label, nonrandomized, phase 1 extension study of PSMA ADC administered IV in subjects with progressive CMPC that has progressed after prior taxane therapy. Subjects who have participated in PSMA ADC 1301 and who, in the opinion of the PI, are likely to benefit from continued treatment with PSMA ADC will be enrolled in PSMA ADC 1301EXT ...
G then able to bind inner PM phospholipids as well as cytoplasmic membranes of organelles (Fig. 3d; Table 1); and/or (ii) incubated with cells to target outer leaflet phospholipids after transbilayer flip-flop. The pleckstrin homology (PH) domain is one of these well-characterized probes specific for Aprotinin price phosphoinositides (PIs; [122]). The 100 amino acid-PH domain is contained in several proteins, such as pleckstrin or phospholipase C (PLC), with distinct binding affinity for different PIs [123]. For instance, PH domain of PLC (PH-PLC) has a high affinity for phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) [124, 125]. The discoidin C2 domain is another probe, specific for phosphatidylserine (PS). The 160 amino acid-discoidin C2 domain is present in blood coagulation factors V and VIII, milk fat globule-EGF factor 8 (MFGE8; also known as lactadherin [Lact-C2]) and other plasma proteins. PH or discoidin C2 domains can be fluorescently tagged, allowing to study phospholipid membrane ...
Cell lines derived from human small cell carcinoma of the lung express high levels of a surface polypeptide termed the cluster-w4 antigen, which was previously identified as a potential target for toxin-based immunotherapy of lung cancer. We have cloned a complementary DNA encoding the cluster-w4 antigen from COS-1 fibroblasts transfected with a SW2 small cell carcinoma library, by panning with a mixture of the cluster-w4-specific monoclonal antibodies SWA11, SWA21, and SWA22. The sequence of the cluster-w4 complementary DNA encodes an unusually short (80-amino acid) protein identical to that recently reported for the leukocyte activation molecule CD24 except for a single valine-alanine substitution due to a single-base polymorphism within the region of the gene coding for the extracellular domain. Biochemical analyses of the cloned cluster-w4 antigen confirmed both the presence of the phosphatidylinositol tail and the extensive glycosylation reported for the CD24 molecule. Furthermore, the cloned
Levels of the neural cell adhesion molecule N-CAM in muscle are regulated in parallel with the susceptibility of muscle to innervation: N-CAM is abundant on the surface of early embryonic myotubes, declines in level as development proceeds, reappears when adult muscles are denervated or paralyzed, and is lost after reinnervation (Covault, J., and J. R. Sanes, 1985, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 82:4544-4548). Here we used immunocytochemical methods to compare this pattern of expression with those of several other molecules known to be involved in cellular adhesion. Laminin, fibronectin, and a basal lamina-associated heparan sulfate proteoglycan accumulate on embryonic myotubes after synapse formation, and their levels change little after denervation. L1, J1, nerve growth factor-inducible large external protein, uvomorulin, and a carbohydrate epitope (L2/HNK-1) shared by several adhesion molecules are undetectable on the surface of embryonic, perinatal, adult, or denervated adult muscle fibers. ...
Chronic pain often accompanies immune-related diseases with an elevated level of IgG immune complex (IgG-IC) in the serum and/or the affected tissues though the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. shown that neuronal FcRI triggers a nonselective cation channel, which may contribute to the IgG-IC-induced excitation of DRG neurons[19,30]. Moreover, TRPC3 acts as a novel and crucial downstream transduction channel mediating… More →. ...
Authors: Michael S Hofman, Peter Eu, Price Jackson, Emily Hong, David Binns, Amir Iravani, Declan Murphy, Catherine Mitchell, Shankar Siva, Rodney J Hicks, Jennifer D Young, Philip J Blower, Gregory E Mullen
Health management and winning practice articles, value-based healthcare, healthcare events, company and product directory, I-I-I videos and I-I-I blog interviews.
目的: 检测前列腺特异性膜抗原(prostate specific membrane antigen,PSMA)基因及蛋白在前列腺癌组织中的表达?方法:分别采用半定量RT-PCR法及免疫组织化学法检测52例前列腺癌组织及35例前列腺增生组织中PSMA基因及蛋白的表达情况?结果:①PSMA在前列腺癌及前列腺增生组织中表达阳性率分别为84.6%(44/52)及68.6%(24/35),虽然前列腺癌组织中PSMA表达阳性率高于前列腺增生组织,但两组阳性率间差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)?PSMA mRNA半定量结果在两组间存在差异,癌组织中PSMA的表达量明显高于增生组织中的表达(P < 0.05)?②前列腺癌组织中PSMA蛋白表达总阳性率高达94.2%,明显高于增生组织中的阳性率(65.7%),且以++~+++居多?结论:PSMA基因及蛋白的表达在前列腺癌组织均高于前列腺增生组织,提示其可作为前列腺癌诊断指标?;Objective: To investigate the expression of prostate specific membrane antigen(PSMA) gene and protein in
Recombinant Human Glutamate carboxypeptidase 2 Protein. Synthesized in e. coli. Protein Tag: His. Purity: Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE. From $88
Putative endothelial cell (EC) progenitors or angioblasts were isolated from human peripheral blood by magnetic bead selection on the basis of cell surface antigen expression. In vitro, these cells differentiated into ECs. In animal models of ischemia, heterologous, homologous, and autologous EC progenitors incorporated into sites of active angiogenesis. These findings suggest that EC progenitors may be useful for augmenting collateral vessel growth to ischemic tissues (therapeutic angiogenesis) and for delivering anti- or pro-angiogenic agents, respectively, to sites of pathologic or utilitarian angiogenesis.. ...
Malaria is a disease that affects millions of people annually. An intracellular habitat and lack of protein synthesizing machinery in erythrocytes pose numerous difficulties for survival of the human pathogen Plasmodium falciparum. The parasite refurbishes the infected red blood cell (iRBC) by synthesis and export of several proteins in an attempt to suffice its metabolic needs and evade the host immune response. Immune evasion is largely mediated by surface display of highly polymorphic protein families known as variable surface antigens. These include the two trans-membrane (2TM) superfamily constituted by multicopy repetitive interspersed family (RIFINs), subtelomeric variable open reading frame (STEVORs) and Plasmodium falciparum Maurers cleft two trans-membrane proteins present only in P. falciparum and some simian infecting Plasmodium species. Their hypervariable region flanked by 2TM domains exposed on the iRBC surface is believed to generate antigenic diversity. Though historically named
While many cell types produce type I IFN in vitro when exposed to double-stranded (ds)RNA and some RNA viruses, a specialized leukocyte is responsible for the IFN-α production induced by a wider spectrum of agents, including viruses, bacteria, protozoa, certain cell lines, and also unmethylated CpG-DNA (6-8). This major IFN-α-producing cell (IPC) was early on designated natural IPC (NIPC) and subsequent work (for a review see reference 6) revealed that NIPCs were infrequent (∼0.1% of PBMCs) but very productive on a per cell basis (∼10 pg IFN-α per cell). The expression of the IFN-α/β genes induced in NIPCs was markedly dependent on costimulation (priming) of the cells by cytokines, in particular IL-3, GM-CSF, and type I IFNs. These cells lacked lineage specific surface antigens, but expressed MHC class II (for a review, see reference 6). The NIPCs were shown to express, e.g., CD4, CD36, CD40, CD44, CD45RA, and CD83, but lacked CD80, CD86, and CD11c, suggesting they were immature DCs ...
The human 5T4 oncofoetal antigen is expressed by all types of trophoblast in pregnancy but is not detected on most adult tissues, although low levels are found on some epithelia. However, this antigen is strongly expressed by many cancers and tumour-associated labelling correlates with metastatic spread and poor clinical outcome for patients with gastric and colon cancer. Over-expression of the gene influences cell adhesion, shape and motility, which may be related to changes in the cellular localisation of the 5T4 oncofoetal antigen as malignancy develops. To establish whether the 5T4 oncofoetal antigen can serve as a tumour-specific marker for oral cancer and precancer, we have evaluated the pattern of expression on biopsies of normal, inflamed and dysplastic oral mucosa using immunohistochemistry. Oral mucosa, taken from different sites in the mouth, expressed the 5T4 oncofoetal antigen with varying intensity and pattern. The majority of the immunoreactivity was detected in the basal and ...
Virtually all human granular lymphocytes expressed the HNK-1 differentiation antigen when examined in lymphoid compartments from adults, neonates, and fetuses. The HNK-1+ cells were distinguishable into three subsets having distinct antigenic phenotypes: HNK+T3-M1-, HNK+T3+M1-, and HNK+T3-M1+. Thus, greater than 70% of the HNK-1+ cells from 13-17 wk fetuses (less than 0.2% of nucleated cells) lacked T cell antigens (e.g., T3, T8, T4, and T6) and the M1 myeloid antigen. Morphologically, the HNK+T3-M1- cells consisted of three different types: small granular lymphocytes (less than 10% of HNK-1+ cells), agranular small lymphocytes with a narrow rim of cytoplasm (70-80%), and agranular giant cells (greater than 15 micrometers) with considerable neutrophilic cytoplasm (15%). The purified fetal HNK-1+ cells exhibited a low level of cytotoxicity against K562 target cells. On the other hand, almost all of HNK-1+ cells in neonatal tissues as well as adult bone marrow, lymph node, and thymus, exhibited ...
Cell surface markers are proteins expressed on the surface of cells that often conveniently serve as markers of specific cell types. For example, T cell and B cell surface markers identify their lineage and stage in the differentiation process. These lymphocytes differentiate into multiple cell subtypes, necessary for specific biological processes. During this process, lymphocytes express different surface receptors, which can be used to identify cellular subtypes, such as progenitor cells or terminally differentiated T helper cells. Inappropriate cellular ratios of differentiated white blood cells, such as the relative amounts of Th1 and Th2 cells, occur in pathophysiological conditions such as autoimmunity. The presence of cell surface markers can also determine if a cell type expresses the specific receptor important for a biological response. Testing for surface marker expression is also essential to determine if an experimental drug or ligand will be recognized by the cell type of interest. ...
By means of the indirect membrane immunofluorescence test, the distribution and antibody-induced redistribution (patching and capping) of a mammary tumor virus-induced (MLr) and a normal (Thy 1.2) cell-surface antigen were compared on mouse thymocytes and leukemia cells (GRSL2). At 0 degrees C Thy 1.2 fluorescence was ringlike and more intense on GRSL2 cells than on thymocytes, whereas MLr fluorescence on GRLS2 cells at this temperature was patchlike and brighter than Thy 1.2 fluorescence. At 20 or 37 degrees C, capping of Thy 1.2 on both cell types was readily achieved but MLr capping occurred only in a few GRSL2 cells and was less pronounced. However, after addition of the secondary antibodies, MLr capping was markedly increased by gradual cooling of cells to about 17 degrees C. Conversely, after addition of antibodies at 0 degrees C, gradual warming of cells under the fluorescence microscope resulted in extensive capping both of MLr and Thy 1.2 at approximately 13-14 degrees C. Rapid cooling ...
An improved system for screening a multiple of candidate therapeutic or chemotherapeutic agents for efficacy as to a specific patient, in which a tissue sample from the patient is harvested, cultured and separately exposed to a plurality of treatments and/or therapeutic agents for the purpose of objectively identifying. One particularly important tissue sample preparation technique is the initial preparation of cohesive multicellular particulates of the tissue sample. For assays concerning cancer treatment, a two-stage evaluation is contemplated in which both acute cytotoxic and longer term inhibitory effect of a given anti-cancer agent are investigated. The tissue sample technique of the present invention is also useful in assaying expression and/or secretion of various markers, factors or antigens present on or produced by the cultured cells for diagnostic purposes and for using such expression to monitor the applicability of certain candidate therapeutic or chemotherapeutic agents and the
Since its development in 1975, monoclonal antibody (mAb) technology has greatly enhanced our ability to analyse complex antigenic systems as well as improve the sensitivity and speed of many diagnostic tests. In particular, the study of tumour associated antigens using mAbs have revealed that many transformed cell phenotypes have useful markers on their plasma membrane, cytoplasm, or as secreted forms which can be used in developing diagnostic assays. Therapeutic application of these anti-tumour mAbs has however, been slow relative to the research and diagnostic applications. This article will discuss how the therapeutic effectiveness of anti-tumour mAbs can be enhanced by coupling them to drugs, toxins or radionucleids; and review the current advances and problems related to the application of these mAb conjugates ...
This study aimed to determine the changes in lymphocyte surface markers and cytokine profiles during a malarial infection in a mouse model of malaria. Mononuclear cells obtained from the spleens of the mice infected with ...
Anogen is a Canadian biopharmaceutical company, who has been producing antibody products for research, diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
|strong|Mouse anti Human CD41 antibody, clone PM6/248|/strong| recognizes the human CD41 cell surface antigen, a ~140 kDa glycoprotein expressed by platelets and megakaryocytes. CD41 is also know…
Thy1 - Thy1 (Myc-DDK-tagged ORF) - Rat Thy-1 cell surface antigen (Thy1), (10 ug) available for purchase from OriGene - Your Gene Company.
Human Cell Differentiation Molecules is an organisation which runs HLDA (Human Leucocyte Differentiation Antigens) Workshops and names and characterises CD molecules.
Human Cell Differentiation Molecules is an organisation which runs HLDA (Human Leucocyte Differentiation Antigens) Workshops and names and characterises CD molecules.