This is a two-arm randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of warm water footbaths with added ginger powder (experimental) compared to warm water only footbaths (control) in adolescent anorexia nervosa patients. Participants will receive footbaths 4 times per week before bed-time over a period of six weeks.The main focus is on subjective increase in overall body warmth. Moreover, core body temperature, skin temperature at the extremities and several psychological as well as physiological scores and parameters are assessed before and after the six-week intervention. A follow-up is planned at six months post intervention, where core body temperature, physiological and psychological parameters are once more tested ...
Anxiety disorders are highly comorbid with anorexia nervosa, meaning that the former will often be diagnosed in people who will also be diagnosed with the latter. Anorexia nervosa typically involves excessive weight loss or failure to gain expected weight and is characterized by immoderate food restriction and fear of gaining weight, as well as a failure to recognize the seriousness of the low weight (Meier et al. 2015). Most people who have anorexia nervosa have also been diagnosed with an anxiety disorder, and the diagnosis of the anxiety disorder usually comes before the diagnosis of anorexia nervosa (Meier et al. 2015). Even people with anorexia nervosa who lack an anxiety disorder diagnosis report higher levels of anxiety than people without anorexia nervosa, suggesting that the two mental health disorders are associated with one another (Meier et al. 2015). The most apparent link between anxiety disorders and anorexia nervosa is an intense fear. For people with anorexia nervosa, the fear ...
Anxiety disorders and anorexia nervosa are frequently acknowledged to be highly comorbid conditions, but still, little is known about the clinical and aetiological cohesion of specific anxiety diagnoses and anorexia nervosa. Using the comprehensive Danish population registers, we aimed to determine the risk of anorexia nervosa in patients with register-detected severe anxiety disorders. We also explored whether parental psychopathology was associated with offsprings anorexia nervosa. Anxiety disorders increased the risk of subsequent anorexia nervosa, with the highest risk observed in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Especially, male anxiety patients were at an increased risk for anorexia nervosa. Furthermore, an increased risk was observed in offspring of fathers with panic disorder. A diagnosis of an anxiety disorder, specifically obsessive-compulsive disorder, constitutes a risk factor for subsequent diagnosis of anorexia nervosa. These observations support the notion that anxiety disorders ...
There is no consensus on effective treatment for laxative abuse in patients with eating disorders. Here, we report the case of a patient with laxative abuse who showed some improvement through an intervention based on the Matrix model. A woman diagnosed with anorexia nervosa-binge eating/purging type (AN-BP) steadfastly denied laxative abuse and would not admit to suffering from an eating disorder. This led to low motivation for undergoing conventional psychotherapy, psychoeducation, and cognitive behavioral therapy. These were ineffective and followed by repeated cycles of hospitalization and discharge. The patients general condition, as depicted by her laboratory and clinical parameters, deteriorated due to the medical complications resulting from laxative abuse. Focusing on laxative abuse, we considered an intervention for drug addiction. Because the patient could maintain a diet diary and acknowledged laxative abuse as a drug addiction, we introduced the Serigaya Methamphetamine Relapse Prevention
Eating disorder characterized by immoderate food restriction and irrational fear of gaining weight, as well as a distorted body self-perception. Anorexia nervosa is an It typically involves excessive weight loss and is usually found more in females than in males. Due to the fear of gaining weight, people with this disorder restrict the amount of food they consume. This restriction of food intake causes metabolic and hormonal disorders. Outside of medical literature, the terms anorexia nervosa and anorexia are often used interchangeably. However, anorexia is simply a medical term for lack of appetite, and people with anorexia nervosa do not in fact, lose their appetites. Anorexia nervosa has many complicated implications and may be thought of as a lifelong illness that may never be truly cured, but only managed over time. Patients suffering from Anorexia nervosa may experience dizziness, headaches, drowsiness and a lack of energy. ...
Patients suffering from anorexia nervosa rarely appear to develop the common cold or influenza. This study examines the immunological response of fifteen female anorexia nervosa patients of both the vomiting and carbohydrate-abstaining type and compares them with a control population matched for age and occupation. Both anorectics and control populations received the admune influenza vaccine. Initially both groups had similar haemagglutination inhibition titres against the three different viral antigens: A/HK; A/PC; A/Eng. However, the anorectics showed over a 2-month period a higher titre of antibody especially to the Hong Kong virus: this was sigignificant. Cellular immune responses were measured using a tuberculin and a macrophage inhibition test, no significant difference between the two groups was obderved. These results which support the clinical findings are discussed.. ...
Background: Earlier studies have indicated poor long-term outcomes for patients with anorexia nervosa. Aims: To study health and social outcomes of adolescent in-patients with anorexia nervosa in relation to prognostic factors. Method: A register study based on socio-economic and health data was conducted for a national cohort of female residents in Sweden born between 1968 and 1977, including 748 in-patients with anorexia nervosa. Results: At follow-up 9-14 years after hospital admission, 8.7% of patients with anorexia nervosa had persistent psychiatric health problems demanding hospital care and 21.4% were dependent on society for their main income; the stratified relative risks were 5.8 (95% CI 4.7-7.6) and 2.6 (2.3-3.0) respectively, compared with the general female population. The mortality rate for patients with anorexia nervosa was 1.2% and the stratified risk ratio for maternity was 0.6 (95% CI 0.5-0.7). Long duration of hospital care and psychiatric comorbidity were predictors of ...
Hatch, A., Madden, S., Kohn, M. R., Clarke, S., Touyz, S., Gordon, E. and Williams, L. M. (2011), Eeg in adolescent anorexia nervosa: Impact of refeeding and weight gain. Int. J. Eat. Disord., 44: 65-75. doi: 10.1002/eat.20777 ...
The challenges of treating anorexia nervosa are plenty; some of these challenges - like low prevalence rate and high treatment dropout rate - make conducting randomised controlled trials aimed at identifying effective treatment methods really hard as well.. So I was pretty excited about the recently published randomised controlled trial comparing focal psychodynamic therapy (FPT), cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT), and optimised treatment as usual in adult (a harder to treat demographic than adolescents) anorexia nervosa patients.. Reading the paper, I was pretty impressed with how good the study design was; Im not going to go into all the nitty-gritty details, but if you have access to and the chance to read the paper, do it. Youll appreciate, I think, the amount of effort that went into this.. THE STUDY. Patients were recruited from ten universities across Germany. They had to be adult females with a BMI between 15-18 and with … Continue reading →. ...
American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-IV (4th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.. American Psychiatric Association. (2010). DSM-5 Development. 2010, from http://www.dsm5.org.. Attia, E. (2010). Anorexia nervosa: current status and future directions. Annual Review of Medicine, 61, 425-435.. Attia, E., & Roberto, C. (2009). Should amenorrhea be a diagnostic criterion for anorexia nervosa? International Journal of Eating Disorders, 42(7), 581-589.. Attia, E., & Schroeder, L. (2005). Pharmacologic treatment of anorexia nervosa: Where do we go from here? International Journal of Eating Disorders, 37(S1), S60-S63.. Attia, E., & Walsh, B. (2009). Behavioral management for anorexia nervosa. The New England Journal of Medicine, 360(5), 500.. Ball, J., & Mitchell, P. (2004). A randomized controlled study of cognitive behavior therapy and behavioral family therapy for anorexia nervosa patients. Eating Disorders, 12(4), ...
1. Mehler PS, Krantz M. Anorexia nervosa medical issues. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2003; 12:331-340.. 2. Casper RC. The pathophysiology of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. An-nu Rev Nutr 1986; 6:299-316.. 3. Mehler PS, Winkelman AB, Andersen DM, Gaudiani JL. Nutritional rehabilitation: practical guidelines for refeeding the anorectic patient. J Nutr Metab 2010; 2010:625782.. 4. Steinhausen HC. The outcome of anorexia nervosa in the 20th century. Am J Psychiatry 2002; 159:1284-1293.. 5. Prince AC, Brooks SJ, Stahl D, Treasure J. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the baseline concentrations and physiologic responses of gut hormones to food in eating disorders. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 89:755-765.. 6. Gibson D, Mehler PS. Anorexia nervosa and the ımmune system-a narrative re-view. J Clin Med 2019; 8:1915.. 7. Colten HR, Rosen FS. Complement deficiencies. Annu Rev Immunol 1992; 10:809-834.. 8. Huber-Lang M, Sarma JV, Zetoune FS, Rittirsch D, Neff TA, McGuire SR, et al. Generation of C5a in ...
Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by refusal to maintain a healthy body weight, and an obsessive fear of gaining weight due to a distorted self image. It is a serious mental illness with a high incidence of comorbidity and one of the highest mortality rates of any psychiatric disorder.Wikipedia Anorexia is known to be heritable. This 2009 review discusses the genetics of anorexia nervosa [1]. A 2013 paper investigates possible association of anorexia nervosa with obsessive compulsive disorder OCD [PMID 23337130]. A 2014 GWAS study is currently in press [PMID 24514567]. DNA variations in these genes may be associated with anorexia nervosa: ...
WEINBERG, Cybelle. From the ascetic ideal to the esthetic ideal: the historical evolution of anorexia nervosa. Rev. latinoam. psicopatol. fundam. [online]. 2010, vol.13, n.2, pp.224-237. ISSN 1415-4714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1415-47142010000200005.. This study of anorexia nervosa from a historical point of view is intended as a contribution to the research on a condition that involves the cultural influence on the origin and maintenance of a clinical reality. The article also questions opinions that consider anorexia nervosa a modern evil or the result of a single factor. An analysis of the lives of certain medieval Christian saints, for example, reveals how strongly their persistent behavior, based on asceticism, identifies them with modern anorexic girls, even though, in contrast, their concerns are esthetic. Keywords : Holy anorexia; anorexia nervosa; fasting; culture. ...
The Anorexia Nervosa Genetics Initiative (ANGI) will recruit 8000 women from Australia, US, Sweden and Denmark, in a bid to identify which genes play a role in risk for the eating disorder. Professor Nick Martin, Head of QIMRs Genetic Epidemiology group, will lead the data collection team in Australia. From decades of research, we know that genes play a role in risk for anorexia nervosa. This global research effort will provide us with the whole picture, Professor Martin said. Finding a genetic basis for a disorder is a big step towards putting it on the map, in medical terms, and offering hope to patients that their disorder is being taken seriously by the scientific community. I should stress that having these genes doesnt mean you will definitely get anorexia nervosa. But it will mean well be better able to identify a person who might be more vulnerable, and manage their health accordingly. Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder associated with low body weight, difficulty maintaining ...
Studies show that adult patients with anorexia nervosa display cognitive impairments. These impairments may be caused by illness-related circumstances such as low weight. However, the question is whether there is a cognitive adaptation to enduring undernutrition in anorexia nervosa. To our knowledge, cognitive performance has not been assessed previously in a patient with anorexia nervosa with a body mass index as low as 7.7 kg/m2. We present the cognitive profile of a 35-year-old woman with severe and enduring anorexia nervosa who was diagnosed at the age of 10 years. She was assessed with a broad neuropsychological test battery three times during a year. Her body mass index was 8.4, 9.3, and 7.7 kg/m2, respectively. Her general memory performance was above the normal range and she performed well on verbal and design fluency tasks. Her working memory and processing speed were within the normal range. However, her results on cognitive flexibility tasks (set-shifting) were below the normal range. The
Anorexia nervosa is a commonly encountered cause of severe underweight in paediatric settings that can cause potentially life-threatening physical and psychological complications.1 There is evidence to suggest that paediatricians lack knowledge and confidence in managing this condition; a survey of middle-grade doctors showed a low level of knowledge of several life-threatening features.2 It is, therefore, important that paediatricians are familiar with the key recommendations in this guideline on the assessment and management of sick patients under 18 with anorexia nervosa.. This guideline was published in January 2012 by the Junior MARSIPAN (Management of Really Sick Patients with Anorexia Nervosa) working group of the Royal College of Psychiatrists,3 and is endorsed by the Young Peoples Health Special Interest Group of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health. It is intended to complement the Adult MARSIPAN guideline.4 The difference in (1) definition of anorexia nervosa in young ...
Can a rational choice modeling framework help broaden our understanding of anorexia nervosa? This question is interesting because anorexia nervosa is a serious health concern, and because of the following issue: could a rational choice approach shed useful light on a condition which appears to involve choosing to be ill? We present a model of weight choice and dieting applicable to anorexia nervosa, and the sometimes-associated purging behavior. We also present empirical evidence about factors possibly contributing to anorexia nervosa. We offer this analysis as a consciousness-raising way of thinking about the condition. ...
Anorexia Nervosa (AN) has the highest mortality rate compared to any other psychiatric disorder. The most promising treatment for adolescents with AN is family-based treatment (FBT). However, only 50% of patients receiving FBT fully remit at 12-month follow-up. Consequently, providing an alternative therapy early in the treatment course for those not responding to FBT may enhance overall outcome. This study aims to develop a new treatment - Intensive Family-Focused Treatment (IFT) - to improve outcomes in those adolescents, aged 12-18 years, who do not show an early response to FBT ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Inducible Syncope in Anorexia Nervosa. T2 - Two Case Reports. AU - Buchowski, Katherine P.. AU - Pardo, Jennifer. AU - Ringel, Richard. AU - Guarda, Angela S.. PY - 2004/4/1. Y1 - 2004/4/1. N2 - Objective: Syncope is a potentially dangerous symptom of anorexia nervosa that is usually attributed to bradycardia, dehydration, or hypoglycemia. Methods: This study describes two adolescents, one male and one female, with recurrent self-induced syncope associated with isometric exercise. Results: In one patient, Holter monitoring showed that isometric exercise led to increasing bradycardia followed by asystolic pauses accompanied by presyncopal symptoms. Discussion: We hypothesize that inducible syncope in these two patients is due to increased vagal tone and baroreceptor sensitivity. Physicians should be aware that patients with anorexia nervosa may be able to induce syncope with isometric exercise and that this potentially dangerous behavior needs to be addressed during ...
What is the difference between bulimia and anorexia nervosa? Bulimia and anorexia nervosa are eating disorders that are classified as psychological problem
Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by weight loss (or lack of appropriate weight gain in growing children); difficulties maintaining an appropriate body weight for height, age, and stature; and, in many individuals, distorted body image. People with anorexia generally restrict the number of calories and the types of food they eat. Some people with the disorder also exercise compulsively, purge via vomiting and laxatives, and/or binge eat.. Anorexia can affect people of all ages, genders, sexual orientations, races, and ethnicities. Historians and psychologists have found evidence of people displaying symptoms of anorexia for hundreds or thousands of years. People in non-Westernized areas, such as rural China and Africa, have also been diagnosed with anorexia nervosa. Although the disorder most frequently begins during adolescence, an increasing number of children and older adults are also being diagnosed with anorexia. You cannot tell if a person is struggling with anorexia by ...
The results of a randomized clinical trial (RCT) comparing Parent-Focused Treatment (PFT) and Family-Based Treatment (FBT) for adolescent Anorexia Nervosa (AN) were published this month in the Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. As a practitioner of FBT, and as a clinician who is always looking for ways to improve patient outcomes, I read this article with great interest.. Family-Based Treatment (FBT), when applied strictly according to the manual, entails a psychologist or other mental health professional meeting with the family as a whole - the adolescent patient, both parents, and siblings - in a single session. In contrast, Parent-Focused Treatment (PFT) involves the psychologist meeting privately with the parents, while the patients weight, vitals, and mental status are monitored by a nurse.. While FBT and PFT therapy sessions are conducted in different formats, the essence of the treatment - which is implemented by parents in the home - is the same. Both ...
Eating Disorders are defined as a group of abnormal eating habits associated to a person preoccupation weight, involving either insufficient or excessive food intake. Types of eating disorder 1. Anorexia nervosa Anorexia nervosa is a type of eating disorder usually develop in the teen years and effect over 90% of female, because of excessive food …. ...
BACKGROUND: We set out to determine whether anorexia nervosa exists in a culture where the pressure to be thin is less pervasive. AIMS: To determine whether there were any cases of anorexia nervosa in female students attending two secondary schools in the north-east region of Ghana. METHOD: The body mass index (BMI) of consenting students was calculated after measuring their height and weight. Those with a BMI |/=19 kg/m(2) underwent a structured clinical assessment including mental state, physical examination and completion of the Eating Attitudes Test and the Bulimic Investigatory Test, Edinburgh. Participants nominated a best friend to serve as a comparison group, and these young women under went the same assessments. RESULTS: Of the 668 students who were screened for BMI, 10 with a BMI |17.5 kg/m(2) appeared to have self-starvation as the only cause of their low weight. All 10 viewed their food restriction positively and in religious terms. The beliefs of these individuals included ideas of self
Learn and reinforce your understanding of Anorexia nervosa through video. Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by a low weight
How to Treat Anorexia Nervosa in Adolescents. Anorexia Nervosa is an eating disorder that is often caused by a distorted body image. A person who has this condition may restrict the amount of food they eat in an attempt to lose the excess...
Psychological of Anorexia Nervosa Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by immoderate food restriction and irrational fear of gaining weight, as well as a distorted body self-perception. It typically involves excessive weight loss and usually occurs more in females than in males. Because of the fear of gaining weight, people with this disorder restrict…
Anorexia Nervosa. Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that occurs when an individual is unrealistically concerned about being overweight or feels an overwhelming need to be so thin that in either case she/he eats so little she/he becomes malnourished.
We acquired whole brain diffusion-weighted brain scans of 22 adolescent female hospitalized patients with AN at admission and nine patients longitudinally at discharge after weight rehabilitation. Patients (10-18 years) were compared to 21 typically developing controls (TD). Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) were applied to compare fractional anisotropy (FA) across groups and time points. Associations between average FA values of the global WM skeleton and weight as well as illness duration parameters were analyzed by multiple linear regression ...
OBJECTIVE: Although inflammation is increasingly implicated in psychiatric disorders, less is known about its role in anorexia nervosa (AN), an illness with low body mass index (BMI). METHODS: We performed a systematic PubMed literature search until 12/31/2013 and meta-analyzed cross-sectional and longitudinal studies comparing circulating pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines between patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and healthy controls (HCs) (1) before and (2) after weight gain, and (3) within AN patients before and after weight gain. Standardized mean differences (SMDs)+/- 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for results from |/= 2 studies were calculated. RESULTS: Of 999 initial hits, 22 studies with 924 participants (AN=512, HCs=412) were eligible. Compared to HCs, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha (SMD=0.35, 95%CI=0.09-0.61, p=0.008), interleukin (IL)1-beta (SMD=0.51, 95%CI=0.18-0.84, p=0.003), IL-6 (SMD=0.43, 95%CI=0.11-0.76, p=0.009), and TNF-receptor-II (SMD=0.42, 95%CI:0.07-0.78, p=0.02) were
Anorexia nervosa can have serious implications if its duration and severity are significant and if onset occurs before the completion of growth, pubertal maturation, or the attainment of peak bone mass.[medical citation needed] Complications specific to adolescents and children with anorexia nervosa can include the following: Growth retardation may occur, as height gain may slow and can stop completely with severe weight loss or chronic malnutrition. In such cases, provided that growth potential is preserved, height increase can resume and reach full potential after normal intake is resumed.[medical citation needed] Height potential is normally preserved if the duration and severity of illness are not significant or if the illness is accompanied by delayed bone age (especially prior to a bone age of approximately 15 years), as hypogonadism may partially counteract the effects of undernutrition on height by allowing for a longer duration of growth compared to controls.[medical citation needed] ...
Osteopenia is a serious medical complication of anorexia nervosa, with no known effective treatment. We conducted a double-blinded, randomized trial comparing alendronate (10 mg daily) with placebo in 32 adolescents with anorexia nervosa (mean age, 16.9 +/- 1.9 yr). All subjects received 1200 mg ele …
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe mental illness, with an unknown etiology. Magnetic resonance imaging studies show reduced brain volumes and cortical thickness in patients compared to healthy controls. However, findings are inconsistent, especially concerning the anatomical location and extent of the differences. The purpose of this study was to estimate and compare brain volumes and regional cortical thickness in young females with AN and healthy controls. Magnetic resonance imaging data was acquired from young females with anorexia nervosa (n = 23) and healthy controls (n = 28). Two different scanner sites were used. BMI varied from 13.5 to 20.7 within the patient group, and 11 patients had a BMI | 17.5. FreeSurfer was used to estimate brain volumes and regional cortical thickness. There were no differences between groups in total cerebral cortex volume, white matter volume, or lateral ventricle volume. There were also no volume differences in subcortical grey matter structures. However the results
Objective : The aim of the study was to determine whether there has been an increase in the incidence of anorexia nervosa in the female population in the northeast of Scotland since the 1960s. Method : Standardized diagnostic criteria were applied to the case records of female subjects who had been diagnosed as suffering from anorexia nervosa...
Free Essay: Biological explanations for anorexia nervosa Biological explanations for anorexia nervosa include neural explanations and evolutionary...
Bakgrund: Trots att alla äter har samhället svårt att förstå tanken av oreglerat ätande. Ätstörningar är ett stort och växande problem runt om i världen, och med förändrade sociokulturella normer och ideal ställs orealistiska krav på många människor, i synnerhet unga kvinnor. Dessa förväntningar tvingar kvinnor att ta till extrema metoder för att gå ner i vikt, följt av en vardag som präglas av dåligt självförtroende och andra psykiska konsekvenser. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva kvinnors upplevelser av anorexia nervosa. Metod: Tio kvalitativa studier har kvalitetsgranskats, analyserats och sammanställts till litteraturstudiens resultat. Resultat: Resultatet presenteras i tre kategorier och elva underkategorier. Resultatet visar att de bakomliggande orsakerna upplevs vara en kombination mellan låg självkänsla, lågt självförtroende och yttre förväntningar och påtryckningar. Anorexia nervosa upplevs som ett funktionellt verktyg, men övergår med ...
Title : Anorexia Nervosa Specific Purpose : To inform my audience about anorexia nervosa and its impact of having it. Central Idea : To inform my audience
Bakgrund: Anorexia Nervosa är en psykisk sjukdom som innebär en förändrad kroppsuppfattning med självsvält. Lidandet kan ses som en inre kamp där sjukdomen tagit makten över anorektikerns självkänsla. Sjukdomen kan kännas som en identitet på grund av att den är en så stor del av den drabbades liv. Behandlingen utförs individuellt med strävan att vända viktnedgången. Detta kan vara svårt och stressfullt för patienten, därmed är stöd och trygghet från de närstående personerna av stor vikt för ett tillfrisknande. Den närstående personen kan vara en familjemedlem, vän, granne eller nära sjukvårdskontakt exempelvis sjuksköterska.. Syfte: Syftet var att belysa kvinnors upplevelser av hur närstående påverkar tillfrisknandet från Anorexia Nervosa.. Metod: Den kvalitativa litteraturstudien baserades på fem självbiografier. Dataanalysen var en manifest innehållsanalys där skillnader och likheter innehållet identifierades för att beskriva variationer.. Resultat: ...
TYPES OF CHILDHOOD EATING DISORDERS. In an article focusing on an overall description of eating disorders in children, by Bryant-Waugh and Lask (1995), they claim that in childhood there appears to be some variants on the two most common eating disorders found in adults, anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. These disorders include selective eating, food avoidance emotional disorder, and pervasive refusal syndrome. Because so many of the children do not fit all of the requirements for anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and eating disorder not otherwise specified, they created a general definition which includes all eating disorders, a disorder of childhood in which there is an excessive preoccupation with weight or shape, and/or food intake, and accompanied by grossly inadequate, irregular or chaotic food intake (Byant-Waugh and Lask, 1995). Furthermore they created a more practical diagnostic criteria for childhood onset anorexia nervosa as: (a) determined food avoidance, (b) a failure to ...
Weight restoration is a crucial component of anorexia nervosa treatment. It is a challenging process for a multitude of reasons. Adding to the complexity and the challenge is the fact that during weight restoration, individuals with anorexia nervosa tend to require increasingly more calories to maintain the same rate of weight gain.. That is, individuals need to continually increase their caloric intake, in steps, sometimes upwards of 100 calories (technically, kilocalories) per kilogram per day, to continue gaining weight. For instance, an individual weighing 45 kg may need to eat 4,500+ calories to continue gaining 1-1.5kg (2.2-3.3lbs) a week. Indeed, studies have found that standard resting energy expenditure (REE) equations tend to overestimate caloric needs at the beginning of refeeding but underestimate them in the later stages (Forman-Hoffmann et al. 2006; Krahn et al., 1993).. After achieving a healthy weight, individuals recovering from anorexia nervosa still typically … Continue ...
The primary goal of this study was to develop a rat model that can be used to evaluate refeeding strategies and potentially improve the process of weight restoration during the treatment of AN. Specifically, it is likely that different dietary regimens could be used to strengthen the biological response to refeeding and potentially improve weight regain and maintenance in this population. Thus, developing a model that mirrors the human condition was of critical importance. Our model, which combined a classic exercise induced anorexia paradigm (free access to a running wheel with timed access to food; [12]) with the addition of using female adolescent rats genetically predisposed to leanness, led to the development of AN within 4-7 days and was characterized by a loss in both total body mass and body fat. Unlike data from Dixon et al. [12], rats in the AN group in this study ate significantly less food during the AN induction phase than the control group. In addition, increased physical activity ...
The cause of anorexia nervosa is not known. Anorexia usually begins as innocent dieting behavior, but gradually progresses to extreme and unhealthy weight loss. Social attitudes toward body appearance, family influences, genetics, and neurochemical and developmental factors are considered possible contributors to the cause of anorexia. Adolescents who develop anorexia are more likely to come from families with a history of weight problems, physical illness, and other mental health problems, such as depression or substance abuse. Teens with the disorder come from families that are challenged by appropriate problem solving, being too rigid, overly critical, intrusive, and overprotective. Teens may also be dependent, immature in their emotional development, and are likely to isolate themselves from others. Other mental health problems, such as anxiety disorders or affective disorders, are commonly found in teens with anorexia. ...
The cause of anorexia nervosa is not known. Anorexia usually begins as innocent dieting behavior, but gradually progresses to extreme and unhealthy weight loss. Social attitudes toward body appearance, family influences, genetics, and neurochemical and developmental factors are considered possible contributors to the cause of anorexia. Adolescents who develop anorexia are more likely to come from families with a history of weight problems, physical illness, and other mental health problems, such as depression or substance abuse. Further, often teens with the disorder come from families that are challenged by appropriate problem solving, being too rigid, overly-critical, intrusive, and overprotective. Teens may also be dependent, immature in their emotional development, and are likely to isolate themselves from others. Other mental health problems such as anxiety disorders or affective disorders are commonly found in teens with anorexia.. ...
The cause of anorexia nervosa is not known. Anorexia usually begins as innocent dieting behavior, but gradually progresses to extreme and unhealthy weight loss. Social attitudes toward body appearance, family influences, genetics, and neurochemical and developmental factors are considered possible contributors to the cause of anorexia. Adolescents who develop anorexia are more likely to come from families with a history of weight problems, physical illness, and other mental health problems, such as depression or substance abuse. Further, often teens with the disorder come from families that are challenged by appropriate problem solving, being too rigid, overly-critical, intrusive, and overprotective. Teens may also be dependent, immature in their emotional development, and are likely to isolate themselves from others. Other mental health problems such as anxiety disorders or affective disorders are commonly found in teens with anorexia.. ...
Of the many body systems adversely affected by severe anorexia nervosa (AN), the pulmonary system is relatively spared. However, in the face of severe malnutrition of AN, the lung may undergo architectural changes that adversely affect its integrity and healing capacity. We report herein a case of a pneumothorax in a patient with severe AN, in which standard approaches to manage the pneumothorax were unsuccessful. Despite prolonged tube thoracostomy drainage, and subsequent thoracoscopic pleuredesis, the patient continued to have an air leak and non-resolution of her pneumothorax. We review the literature and discuss alternative approaches in this patient population.
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is uncommon in paediatric practice. We describe two cases of spontaneous pneumomediastinum in a child and an adolescent with anorexia nervosa. Thorough investigation failed to reveal any underlying cause for secondary pneumomediastinum. Pneumomediastinum in anorexia nervosa can be caused by not only elevated intrathoracic pressures, but also by the poor quality of the alveolar walls due to malnutrition. The incidence of spontaneous pneumomediastinum in anorexia nervosa is probably higher than that recorded, since it resolves spontaneously and, therefore, it can remain undetected. We conclude that it is our considered opinion that malnutrition associated with anorexia nervosa predisposes for spontaneous pneumomediastinum due to weakness of the alveolar wall and the loss of connective tissue.
OBJECTIVE: Ghrelin is a new gastric hormone that has been identified as an endogenous ligand for the growth hormone (GH) secretagogue receptor subtype 1a (GHS-R1a). Ghrelin administration however not only stimulates GH secretion but also induces adiposity in rodents by increasing food intake and decreasing fat utilization. We hypothesized that impaired ghrelin secretion in anorexia nervosa may be involved in the pathogenesis of this eating disorder. To examine this hypothesis and to further investigate the role for ghrelin in regulating energy homeostasis, we analyzed circulating ghrelin levels in patients with anorexia nervosa and examined possible correlations with clinical parameters before and after weight gain. METHODS: Plasma ghrelin levels were measured in overnight fasting plasma samples from 36 female patients with anorexia nervosa (age: 25.0+/-1.2 years, BMI: 15.2+/-0.2 kg/m(2)) before and after weight gain following psychotherapeutic treatment intervention in a psychosomatic ...
Title:Extend, Pathomechanism and Clinical Consequences of Brain Volume Changes in Anorexia Nervosa. VOLUME: 16 ISSUE: 8. Author(s):Jochen Seitz*, Kerstin Konrad and Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann. Affiliation:Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen. Keywords:Anorexia nervosa, grey matter, white matter, volume reduction, prognosis, neuropsychologic deficits, astrocytes.. Abstract:Introduction: Brain volume deficits of grey matter (GM) and white matter (WM) are often found in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). However, until recently, little was known about the influencing factors of these brain volume alterations, nor their exact quantification and rehabilitation. Methods: This review ...
Maudsley family therapy also known as family-based treatment or Maudsley approach, is a family therapy for the treatment of anorexia nervosa devised by Christopher Dare and colleagues at the Maudsley Hospital in London. A comparison of family to individual therapy was conducted with eighty anorexia patients. The study showed family therapy to be the more effective approach in patients under 18 and within 3 years of the onset of their illness. Subsequent research confirmed the efficacy of family-based treatment for teens with anorexia nervosa. Family-based treatment has been adapted for bulimia nervosa and showed promising results in a randomized controlled trial comparing it to supportive individual therapy. Maudsley Family Therapy is an evidenced-based approach to the treatment of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa whose efficacy has been supported by empirical research. There are three phases involved in the Maudsley method, the treatment usually lasts one year and involves between 15-20 ...
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Anorexia nervosa has been related to alterations in brain activity in terms of hyperactive EEG patterns. This case report illustrates the principles and results of a five-week neurofeedback treatment in a 29-year-old woman suffering from anorexia nervosa. A neurofeedback protocol to enhance alpha activity (8 - 12 Hz) was developed and conducted additionally to the standardized treatment for eating disorders in training sessions twice a week. Pre- and post-test measurements included resting state EEG measurements and a psychological test battery.
Anorexia nervosa (say an-uh-RECK-see-uh nur-VOH-suh) is a type of eating disorder. People who have anorexia have an intense fear of gaining weight. They severely limit the amount of food they eat and can become dangerously thin.. Anorexia affects both the body and the mind. It may start as dieting, but it gets out of control. You think about food, dieting, and weight all the time. You have a distorted body image. Other people say you are too thin, but when you look in the mirror, you see your body as overweight. Anorexia usually starts in the teen years. Its much more common in females than males. Early treatment can be effective. The earlier it is treated, the better the chances someone can recover from anorexia. Untreated anorexia can lead to starvation and serious health problems, such as bone thinning (osteoporosis), kidney damage, and heart problems. Some people die from these problems.. If you or someone you know has anorexia, get help right away. The longer this problem goes on, the ...
Le, Long Khanh-Dao, Barendregt, Jan J., Hay, Phillipa, Sawyer, Susan M., Paxton, Susan J. and Mihalopoulos, Cathrine 2017, The modelled cost-effectiveness of cognitive dissonance for the prevention of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa in adolescent girls in Australia, International journal of eating disorders, vol. 50, no. 7, pp. 834-841, doi: 10.1002/eat.22703. ...
Initial Treatment Antidepressants are effective as one component of an initial treatment program for most bulimia nervosa patients [I], with SSRI treatment having the most evidence for efficacy and the fewest difficulties with adverse effects [I]. To date, fluoxetine is the best studied of these and is the only FDA-approved medication for bulimia nervosa. Sertraline is the only other SSRI that has been shown to be effective, as demonstrated in a small, randomized controlled trial. In the absence of therapists qualified to treat bulimia nervosa with CBT, fluoxetine is recommended as an initial treatment [I]. Dosages of SSRIs higher than those used for depression (e.g., fluoxetine 60 mg/day) are more effective in treating bulimic symptoms [I]. Evidence from a small open trial suggests fluoxetine may be useful for adolescents with bulimia [II].. Antidepressants may be helpful for patients with substantial concurrent symptoms of depression, anxiety, obsessions, or certain impulse disorder symptoms ...
Symptoms of Bulimia Nervosa Parents Might Not Know. Eating disorders like bulimia nervosa are a huge worry for parents of teenagers and young adults, but its easy to miss the symptoms beyond the characteristic purging behaviors/ Why? Because many f the signs of bulimia nervosa are less well-known and subtle. Because of this, people may be less likely to seek bulimia nervosa treatment…. ...
Insight Eating , Bulimia Nervosa Help & Advice , Leeds, Yorkshire. - What is bulimia? Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder characterised by frequent episodes of binge eating, followed by frantic efforts to avoid gaining weight. Acid reflux or ulcers. bullet, Chronic sore throat, hoarseness, bullet, Ruptured stomach or oesophagus. bullet, Broken blood vessels in the eyes, bullet, Loss of.. A lot of clinicians blame acid reflux for a lot of things but theres no evidence for [enamel erosion] currently. Solution: Since bulimia is a mental illness and very personal, Swan says it could be awkward for a dentist to broach. Still, he.. Acid reflux from Bulimia:. If you have bulimia nervosa and suffer from occasional acid reflux or have noticed that your bulimia causes heartburn then you may.. ANOREXIA AND BULIMIA AND THE EFFECTS. The most common eating disorders are anorexia nervosa. The damage caused by acid reflux is usually around one side.. #8 is a Good One. Make sure to check why you should do ...
Weight gain is the cornerstone of treatment for patients with anorexia nervosa. However, restoring weight by refeeding patients can lead to the refeeding syndrome, which is potentially fatal. A retrospective study of adolescents hospitalized for anor
OBJECTIVE: Patients with atypical anorexia nervosa (AN) have many features overlapping with AN in terms of genetic risk, age of onset, psychopathology and prognosis of outcome, although the weight loss may not be a core factor. While brain structural alterations have been reported in AN, there are currently no data regarding atypical AN patients.. METHOD: We investigated brain structure through a voxel-based morphometry analysis in 22 adolescent females newly-diagnosed with atypical AN, and 38 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC). ED-related psychopathology, impulsiveness and obsessive-compulsive traits were assessed with the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) and Obsessive-compulsive Inventory Revised (OCI-R), respectively. Body mass index (BMI) was also calculated.. RESULTS: Patients and HC differed significantly on BMI (p , .002), EDE-Q total score (p , .000) and OCI-R total score (p , .000). No differences could be detected in grey ...
Anorexia nervosa is a type of psychological eating disorder. Anorexia is a condition that goes beyond out-of-control dieting. Ironically, as concern grows over the rise in obesity rates, some people battle the opposite problem - anorexia nervosa.
Neuroimaging studies in Anorexia Nervosa (AN) have shown increased activation in reward and cognitive control regions in response to food, and a behavioral attentional bias (AB) towards food stimuli is reported. This study aimed to further investigate the neural processing of food using magnetoencephalography (MEG). Participants were 13 females with restricting-type AN, 14 females recovered from restricting-type AN, and 15 female healthy controls. MEG data was acquired whilst participants viewed high- and low-calorie food pictures. Attention was assessed with a reaction time task and eye tracking. Time-series analysis suggested increased neural activity in response to both calorie conditions in the AN groups, consistent with an early AB. Increased activity was observed at 150 ms in the current AN group. Neuronal activity at this latency was at normal level in the recovered group; however, this group exhibited enhanced activity at 320 ms after stimulus. Consistent with previous studies,
Arcelus J, Mitchell AJ, Wales J, Nielsen S. Mortality rates in patients with anorexia nervosa and other eating disorders. A meta-analysis of 36 studies. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2011 Jul;68(7):724-31. Attia E, Walsh BT. Behavioral management for anorexia nervosa. N Engl J Med. 2009 Jan 29;360(5):500-6.. Benowitz-Fredericks CA, Garcia K, Massey M, Vasagar B, Borzekowski DL. Body image, eating disorders, and the relationship to adolescent media use. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2012 Jun;59(3):693-704. Epub 2012 Apr 18. Berkman ND, Lohr KN, Bulik CM. Outcomes of eating disorders: a systematic review of the literature. Int J Eat Disord. 2007 May;40(4):293-309.. Bulik CM, Berkman ND, Brownley KA, Sedway JA, Lohr KN. Anorexia nervosa treatment: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Int J Eat Disord. 2007 May;40(4):310-20.. Easter A, Treasure J, Micali N. Fertility and prenatal attitudes towards pregnancy in women with eating disorders: results from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and ...
This study indicated that Anorexia Nervosa and obesity are associated with reduced taste quality in the insula. In recovered Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa, there was no difference when compared to the healthy comparison group. When contrasting two of the test taste stimuli to remove effects of texture and other sensory stimulation in the mouth there was evidence of encoding differences of the brain specific to taste quality. Thus presenting the possibility of deficits in neuronal encoding of distinct taste qualities in Anorexia Nervosa and obesity. Leptin and other hormones are altered with eating disorders and obesity by affecting taste perception and reducing insula pattern classification due to primary structural changes within the insula or within signaling pathways from other regions of the brain to the insula. The insula is also connected to other pathways that are responsible for internal emotional states. The insula has also been associated with self-recognition (abstract ...
So what exactly is an eating disorder? Well, its actually much more complex than one would think. An eating disorder is any pre-occupation with weight, and as you can see, its a wide spread problem. The two most common and most harmful eating disorders are anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Anorexia nervosa is when a person starves themselves to the point of vomiting. They do this on a day to day basis and never see the results of their purging, they always view themselves as overweight and continue to purge until they are dead. Bulimia nervosa is over-eating to the point of purging. A person eats and eats until they vomit everything they ate back out, with the same results as the anorexics. These binge/purge cycles are never ending and never yield a positive result. Unfortunately, most lead to death along with other side effects ...
Dysautonomia commonly develops as a complication of a primary illness or is seen in patients with multiple disorders. These scenarios add a layer of complexity to a patients diagnostic journey, as well as their treatment plan. When one of those illnesses is an eating disorder, the complexities can be significantly magnified. Eating disorders, which include bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa, are defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) as follows: Feeding and eating disorders are characterized by a persistent disturbance of eating or eating-related behavior that results in the altered consumption or absorption of food and that significantly impairs physical health or psychosocial functioning. The lifetime prevalence estimates for bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa in US adults are 1.0% and 0.6%, respectively. [1] Members of the dysautonomia community are most likely some of the people additionally affected by these severe conditions. In wading through the ...
Comprehensive look at causes of bulimia nervosa. Learn about 8 different bulimia causes putting you or loved one at risk for developing bulimia nervosa.
If I gain any weight, Ill lose all control. These words, spoken by a 14-year-old anorexia nervosa patient, show just how serious eating disorders can be for teenagers, disturbing numbers of whom are dissatisfied with their bodies. For some, mostly girls, thoughts about food and their bodies consume their lives and lead to such life-threatening eating disorders as anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa. This guide to eating disorders for teenagers, their families, and others involved in their lives defines what the diseases are, considers who suffers from them and why, discusses the warning signs and complications, and covers associated disorders. It also provides information on body dysmorphia and the treatment and prevention of eating disorders. Numerous resources that can provide help are listed. ...
Printer-friendly version. By Lyba Spring. In preparation for some upcoming workshops, Ive been learning more about barriers to healthy sexual functioning, including age, disability and eating disorders. For this months blog, I am focusing on eating disorders and trying to understand the complex physical, emotional and psychological issues involved. The literature is extensive and theories about causation abound; but there is less written about their effects on sexual functioning.. What is food preoccupation, how common is it, when does it become a concern and how does it affect relationships and sexual health?. If considered on a continuum, food and weight preoccupation runs from concern about weight to compulsive dieting to compulsive over-eating to anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Eating disorders such as anorexia, bulimia and binge eating can persist for years, even an entire lifetime. An estimated 10 per cent of individuals with anorexia nervosa die within 10 years of their first ...
The Starved Self from the February 22, 1979 issue To the Editors:. I am writing to you on suggestion of Mr. Arthur Rosenthal (Harvard University Press) with whom I discussed my concern about the review of my book The Golden Cage: The Enigma of Anorexia Nervosa (together with three other books) in the February 22, 1979 issue of The New York Review of Books.. Let me first express my satisfaction that this topic was reviewed in such a prominent way. This tragic illness befalls the daughters of intellectual and sophisticated families, such as the readership of the Review, in ever-increasing numbers. It is therefore important that they receive accurate information about this illness.. The review was done by Rosemary Dinnage. She gives a vivid and on the whole accurate description of the clinical picture of anorexia nervosa, with several quotations from The Golden Cage and also from my earlier book, Eating Disorders. She points out correctly that Selvini, the author of Self-Starvation, and I hold ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Effect of body weight and caloric restriction on serum complement proteins, including factor D/adipsin. T2 - Studies in anorexia nervosa and obesity. AU - Pomeroy, Claire. AU - Mitchell, J.. AU - Eckert, E.. AU - Raymond, N.. AU - Crosby, R.. AU - Dalmasso, A. P.. PY - 1997. Y1 - 1997. N2 - Complement plays important roles in host immune defences, and recent studies suggest that adipose tissue is an important site of production for some complement proteins. Starvation has been associated with low complement levels, but studied populations have usually had concomitant opportunistic infections or other conditions which might affect complement levels. To determine the impact of body weight and changes in body weight on serum complement, we investigated levels of complement proteins in otherwise healthy patients with a wide range of body weights, including patients with anorexia nervosa before and after treatment, obese dieters before and after weight loss, and normal weight ...
It is important to remember that only medical professionals (i.e. physicians and nurse practitioners), psychiatrists or psychologists can diagnose an eating disorder.. Engaging in one of these behaviours or occasionally struggling with dieting and body image does not necessarily mean that you meet the diagnostic criteria for an eating disorder. As a society, we are constantly flooded with messages from the prevailing diet culture around food and weight. This has contributed to an increase in disordered eating patterns for many people that arent necessarily grounds for a diagnosis.. However, it can be very easy to dismiss the early signs of an eating disorder by brushing it off as just dieting. Even if someone does not necessarily meet the criteria for a diagnosis, disordered eating and compensatory behaviours can still present with serious medical issues.. If you are concerned that you or someone you know may have an eating disorder, do not hesitate to contact your family doctor or make an ...
This petition demands a full review of the treatment being offered to patients for eating disorders in the world today.. Recovery rates for eating disorders could be drastically improved if those of us needing treatment were supported appropriately and allowed to feel safe enough to eat without any restriction, to stop all compensatory behaviours and encouraged to gain to a weight that is natural for our body.. We have to be reassured that we can and will recover and we can and in fact have to feed our starved bodies and respond to our deep levels of hunger.. Teams need to respect and listen to their patients and learn from the lived experiences of people, like myself, who are recovered or are recovering about what really does help them.. For me, I am now recovering outside of treatment, having to unlearn the poor advice and treatment approaches I have received in the past but after 13 years of severe anorexia nervosa I am finally getting well. I know hundreds of other adults around the world ...
According to the National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders, eight million people in the United States are living with an eating disorder, which is approximately 3% of the population. Eating disorders occur when people have rather extreme attitudes and behaviors towards their weight and food. Unfortunately, the disorders can be detrimental to a persons physical health. Common eating disorders include anorexia nervosa, binge eating disorder and bulimia.. People living with an eating disorder must not keep their problem inside. It is vital to talk to your loved ones and/or a doctor to discuss the condition. In addition to talking about the problem, you can potentially overcome an eating disorder through general awareness of each condition, so you will not have mistaken judgements towards foods, body shapes, eating disorder and weight. You also must not categorize foods as good or safe, or bad or dangerous. You should note, though, that many people who suffer from an eating ...
Children Eating Disorders in Sterling Heights, MI. Find phone numbers, addresses and information about Children Eating Disorders in Sterling Heights.
Bulimia nervosa. EBSCO DynaMed website. Available at: https://www.dynamed.com/condition/bulimia-nervosa. Accessed November 18, 2020.. Bulimia nervosa. Merck Manual Professional Version website. Available at: https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/psychiatric-disorders/eating-disorders/bulimia-nervosa. Accessed November 18, 2020.. Bulimia nervosa. Office on Womens Health website. Available at: https://www.womenshealth.gov/mental-health/mental-health-conditions/eating-disorders/bulimia-nervosa. Updated August 28, 2018. Accessed August 31, 2018.. Eating disorders. National Institute of Mental Health website. Available at: https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/eating-disorders/index.shtml. Updated February, 2016 Accessed August 31, 2018.. Harrington BC, Jimerson M, et al. Initial evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Am Fam Physician. 2015 Jan 1;91(1):46-52. ...
Children Eating Disorders in Hagerstown, MD. Find phone numbers, addresses and information about Children Eating Disorders in Hagerstown.
Im writing a short story at the moment for an anthology and my heroine has the early stages of an eating disorder. But as I explored her back story I had to spend a little time differentiating which eating disorder it was, which (funnily enough) triggered this blog post. Eating disorders, like many mental health…
Im writing a short story at the moment for an anthology and my heroine has the early stages of an eating disorder. But as I explored her back story I had to spend a little time differentiating which eating disorder it was, which (funnily enough) triggered this blog post. Eating disorders, like many mental health…
The River Centre Clinic was founded in 1996 with a mission to provide specialized and cost-effective treatment for individuals suffering from eating disorders. Our innovative approach to treatment is designed to reduce costs without compromising our high quality of care. We follow a well-established therapy model for treating eating disorders that integrates individual, group, and family therapy. The River Centre Clinic is located in a modern, spacious and tranquil setting in Sylvania, Ohio - an historic suburb of Toledo, Ohio. The facility was designed to provide an attractive, and safe alternative to hospital or hospital-based programs.. ...
The River Centre Clinic was founded in 1996 with a mission to provide specialized and cost-effective treatment for individuals suffering from eating disorders. Our innovative approach to treatment is designed to reduce costs without compromising our high quality of care. We follow a well-established therapy model for treating eating disorders that integrates individual, group, and family therapy. The River Centre Clinic is located in a modern, spacious and tranquil setting in Sylvania, Ohio - an historic suburb of Toledo, Ohio. The facility was designed to provide an attractive, and safe alternative to hospital or hospital-based programs.. ...