This study was aimed to determine antihyperglycaemic effect of Azadirachta indica J extract on alloxan-induced diabetic rat, active compound indentification, and tablet formulation This study used 18 mice Spraque Dawley ...
Effect of ficus relegiosa on blood glucose and total lipid levels of normal and alloxan diabetic rabbits. - Noreen Wadood, Abdul Wadood, Mohammed Nisar
ABSTRACT. Currently available drugs for diabetes mellitus pose considerable side effects. This necessitates the development of new products, particularly herbal preparations which are known to have lesser side effects. Several herbal products are used to treat diabetes; but their hypoglycemic effects are complex and few anti-diabetic plants have received proper scientific validation. The present study was undertaken to validate the use of the leaves of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis plant as anti-diabetic agent. This study was conducted on thirty healthy albino rabbits of either sex; the effect of the Nyctanthes arbor-tristis leaf extract (NALE) at doses 200mg/kg body weight and 400mg/kg body weight was evaluated for a period of 14 days on alloxan induced diabetic rabbits. The hypoglycemic effect of the leaf extract was compared with the standard Glibenclamide at dose 2.5mg/kg body weight. Results revealed that the hypoglycemic effect of the Nyctanthes arbor-tristis leaf extract at 200mg/kg body ...
Diabetes is one of the most common diseases in all societies including Iran. One of its important complications is the neuropathic pain, which can be relieved by opioid drugs such as morphine. Opioid therapy is restricted due to development of tolerance and physical or mental dependence. In this study, the effect of diabetes on morphine analgesia and development of morphine tolerance and dependence was investigated. Experimental diabetes was induced by alloxan (120 mg/kg, s.c.) in rats. Morphine sulfate (7 mg/kg, i.p.) application for 5 days developed tolerance in animals. On 5th day, 30 min after the injection of morphine, the acute and chronic pain was evaluated in diabetic and non-diabetic animals using hot plate and formalin test. In addition, withdrawal signs (jumping, chewing, urine and feces) were recorded for ten minutes using naloxone (2 mg/kg, s.c.). The results showed that the anti-nociceptive effect of morphine for acute pain markedly reduced, but slightly enhanced for chronic pain model.
Background/Aim. The mechanism of impaired bone healing in diabetes mellitus includes different tissue and cellular level activities due to micro- and macrovascular changes. As a chronic metabolic disease with vascular complications, diabetes affects a process of bone regeneration as well. The therapeutic approach in bone regeneration is based on the use of osteoinductive autogenous grafts as well as osteoconductive synthetic material, like a β-tricalcium phosphate. The aim of the study was to determine the quality and quantity of new bone formation after the use of autogenous bone and β-tricalcium phosphate in the model of calvarial critical-sized defect in rabbits with induced diabetes mellitus type I. Methods. The study included eight 4-month-old Chincilla rabbits with alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus type I. In all animals, there were surgically created two calvarial bilateral defects (diameter 12 mm), which were grafted with autogenous bone and β-tricalcium phosphate (n = 4) or served as ...
Diabetes has become a serious health problem and a major risk factor associated with troublesome health complications, such as metabolism disorders and liver-kidney dysfunctions. The inadequacies associated with conventional medicines have led to a determined search for alternative natural therapeutic agents. The present study aimed to investigate and compare the hypoglycemic and antilipidemic effects of kombucha and black tea, two natural drinks commonly consumed around the world, in surviving diabetic rats. Alloxan diabetic rats were orally supplied with kombucha and black tea at a dose of 5 mL/kg body weight per day for 30 days, fasted overnight, and sacrificed on the 31st day of the experiment. Their bloods were collected and submitted to various biochemical measurements, including blood glucose, cholesterol, triglcerides, urea, creatinine, transaminases, transpeptidase, lipase, and amylase activities. Their pancreases were isolated and processed to measure lipase and α-amylase activities and to
Results:. LDL (CG: 24.64 ± 2,59; GG: 38.93 ± 7.19; DG: 14.9 ± 3.96; DGG: 20.8 ± 4.04 mg/dL); HDL (CG: 14.8 ± 4.86; GG: 13 ± 1.41; DG: 22.5 ± 7.81; DGG: 30.66 ± 9.02 mg/dL); ALT (CG: 31.8 ± 4.81; GG: 22.16 ± 1.83; DG: 38 ± 1.4; DGG: 26.83 ± 2.13 U/L); AST (CG: 101.8 ± 5.07; GG: 117.5 ± 9.73; DG: 183.6 ± 4.21; DGG: 116.16 ± 12 U/L); urea (CG: 51.4 ± 5.03; GG: 42.5 ± 8.24; DG: 129.16 ± 31.72; DGG: 150.5 ± 36.02 mg/dL); creatinine (CG: 0.6 ± 0.12; GG: 0.53 ± 0.05; DG: 0.78 ± 0.11; DGG: 0.61 ± 0.07 mg/dL). ...
The main objective of this research is to conduct a comprehensive study for enhancing the aqueous solubility of poorly water soluble gliclazide using hydrophilic fumed silica particles (Aerosil® 380) and evaluating the influence of silica on drug release profile and pharmacological activity on alloxan induced diabetic rats. Solid dispersions (SDs) of gliclazide were prepared using solvent evaporation method. The dissolution profiles and solid state characterization of the SDs prepared were all evaluated. The dissolution rate of gliclazide in the SDs with fumed silica (weight ratio, 1:1) was approximately 38%, which is about 10 fold higher than that of the pure drug after 30 min. After forming the SDs, gliclazide changed into an amorphous state, which can infer from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) also revealed the formation of weak hydrogen bonding through the interactions between the secondary
Using calcium imaging as a marker of neuronal excitability, we detected glucose-excited, glucose-inhibited, and nonresponsive neurons in primary hypothalamic cell cultures, in proportions similar to those described previously (1,23). Thus, ∼30% of neurons were excited by raising the glucose concentration from 3 to 15 mmol/l, ∼6% were inhibited, and the remainder were nonresponsive over the same concentration range. The mechanism of glucose sensing in the glucose-excited neurons could not be attributed solely to KATP channel closure because tolbutamide only increased intracellular Ca2+ in ∼10% of glucose-excited neurons in the presence of 3 mmol/l glucose. Furthermore, the nonmetabolizable sugars αMDG and 3-O-MDG mimicked the action of glucose in glucose-excited neurons, indicating that metabolic generation of ATP is not a prerequisite for the sensing of glucose analogs. The sensitivity of the glucose-sensing machinery to αMDG, its dependence on extracellular Na+, and its inhibition by ...
The present study was aimed to evaluate the anti diabetic activity of polyherbal formulation containing some bitter plant constituents like neem, methi, karela fruit, amla , jamun seeds, kavat fruit in
The hypoglycemic effect of aqueous extract of leaves of Pavonia zeylanica (AEPZ) was evaluated in normal, glucose fed and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Oral administration of extract (200 and 400mg/kg body wt) for 7 days resulted in a significant reduction in blood glucose level. The effect was compared with 0.5gm/kg (.P) glibenclamide.
Mushrooms are a low calorie food with very little fat and are highly suitable for obese persons. The objective of the present investigation was to study the interaction of aqueous extract of P. pulmonarius (called PP-aqu) with acarbose on serum glucose levels, and on the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in alloxan induced diabetic mice. PP-aqu (500 mg/kg), acarbose (50 mg/kg) and their combination were administered orally in alloxan (70 mg/kg i.v.) induced diabetic mice. In the acute study, the serum glucose level was estimated at 0, 2, 4, 6 and 24 h after drug administration. The subacute study involved repeated administration of the drugs for 28 days, a serum glucose level estimation at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days and recording of the body weights of the mice. In the OGTT, D-glucose (2.5 g/kg) was administered in diabetic mice half an hour after pre-treatment with PP-aqu (500 mg/kg), acarbose (50 mg/kg) and their combination. Serum glucose levels were estimated 30 min prior to glucose ...
Organic hyperinsulinism has been recognized with increasing frequency in the last few years. It is most commonly due to adenomata of the islands of Langerhans. More and more case reports appear of successful surgical removal of these tumors with consequent alleviation of symptoms. At times there seems to be a general hypersecretion of insulin by the islet cells without discernible tumor in which resection of varying amounts of pancreatic tissue has been found effective. Carcinoma of islet cells occurs much less frequently. In these cases the tumor is often slow to grow and slow to metastasize. In a few instances ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Clinical use and time relationship of changes in affinity measurement of glycosylated albumin and glycosylated hemoglobin. AU - Rendell, M.. AU - Paulsen, R.. AU - Eastberg, S.. AU - Stephen, P. M.. AU - Valentine, J. L.. AU - Smith, C. H.. AU - Nierenberg, J.. AU - Rasbold, K.. AU - Klenk, D.. AU - Smith, P. K.. PY - 1986/1/1. Y1 - 1986/1/1. N2 - Simple techniques for measurement of glycosylated hemoglobin and glycosylated albumin by affinity chromatographyy on m-aminophenylboronic acid agarose columns have recently been developed. This study explored the time course of changes in glycoalbumin versus those of glycohemoglobin in response to rapid changes in ambient glucose concentration. One would predict that glycoalbumin levels would change more rapidly than glycohemoglobin levels due to the shorter half-life of albumin than hemoglobin. This was found to be the case in a group of rabbits rendered diabetic with alloxan. Glycoalbumin levels plateaued 4 weeks after alloxan ...
Al*loxan (#), n. [Allantoin + oxalic, as containing the elements of allantion and oxalic acid.] Chemistry|Chem. An oxidation produ...
Free radicals contribute to Type 1 diabetes (T1D) autoimmune responses. We recently demonstrated that superoxide-deficient CD4 T cells exhibited increased effector responses and diabetogenicity, but the redox-dependent mechanism(s) mediating T cell activation were unclear. We hypothesized that during T1D progression, CD4 T cells with a reduced cell surface state would exhibit a concomitant increase in pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine responses. To test this, alexa fluor 647-conjugated maleimide (ALM)-labeling of cell surface reduced thiols on diabetogenic mouse and human CD4 T cells was performed. We observed an increase in ALM percentage and gMFI from peripheral Non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse CD4 T cells during progression to overt diabetes. Cognate autoantigen stimulation elicited a 2- and 20-fold increase in CD4 ALM T cell percentage and gMFI, respectively. In addition to serving as a T cell activation marker, ALM gMFI of reduced CD4 T cell surface thiols was enhanced (1.2-fold) with ...
The association of L-type Ca(2+) channels to the secretory granules and its functional significance to secretion was investigated in mouse pancreatic B cells. Nonstationary fluctuation analysis showed that the B cell is equipped with |500 alpha1(C) L-type Ca(2+) channels, corresponding to a Ca(2+) channel density of 0.9 channels per microm(2). Analysis of the kinetics of exocytosis during voltage-clamp depolarizations revealed an early component that reached a peak rate of 1.1 pFs(-1) (approximately 650 granules/s) 25 ms after onset of the pulse and is completed within approximately 100 ms. This component represents a subset of approximately 60 granules situated in the immediate vicinity of the L-type Ca(2+) channels, corresponding to approximately 10% of the readily releasable pool of granules. Experiments involving photorelease of caged Ca(2+) revealed that the rate of exocytosis was half-maximal at a cytoplasmic Ca(2+) concentration of 17 microM, and concentrations |25 microM are required to attain
AJ Krentz, PM Clark, CN Hales, AC Williams, M Nattrass; Pancreatic B Cell Function in Motor Neurone Disease. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 July 1992; 83 (s27): 5P. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/cs083005P. Download citation file:. ...
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 2 Pharmacokinetic parameters of insulin after IV, SC and IN administration to diabetic rabbits IV* SC IN IV* SC IN PK parameter 0.5 IU/kg 0.5 IU/kg 1 IU/kg 0.5 IU/kg 0.5 IU/kg 1 IU/kg Diabetic Rabbit #1 Diabetic Rabbit #2 Cmax (mIU/L) 253.7 148.4 106.5 183.1 71.6 167.3 tmax (min) 2 15 15 5 30 15 ?z (min-1) .0113 0.0263 0.0189 0.03 0.0047 0.0026 Elimination t1/2 61.1 26.3 36.7 23.1 149.0 271.1 (min) AUC0-∞ 6638.6 12192.7 5473.1 6145.1 16772.0 8675.1 (mIU min L-1) AUC0-∞/dose 13277.2 24385.5 5473.1 12290.2 33544.1 8675.1 (mIU min L-1 D-1) FRa (%) 100 100 22.4 100 100 25.9 FAb (%) 100 100 41.2 100 100 70.6 Diabetic Rabbit #3 Diabetic Rabbit #4 Cmax (mIU/L) 268.3 121.5 79.5 267.2 72.5 89.8 tmax (min) 15 15 15 5 45 15 ?z (min-1) 0.0097 0.0164 0.0235 0.0148 0.0119 0.0218 Elimination t1/2 71.7 42.3 29.4 46.8 58.4 31.9 (min) AUC0-∞ 6628.2 12798.8 3644.5 5816.2 9130.1 3845.4 (mIU min L-1) AUC0-∞/dose 13256.4 25597.7 3644.5 11632.4 18260.2 3845.4 (mIU min L-1 D-1) FRa (%) 100 ...
Compartmentalization of PDGF on extracellular binding sites dependent on exon-6-encoded sequences. Inclusion of methionine-S35 into liver slices of rats with alloxan diabetes in a medium containing glucose generic cialis or fructose Hence, fluopyram has a harmful effect on overall soil microbial activity, and tadalafil 20 mg rezeptfrei bestellen changed soil microbial community structure and function. Six males with type 2 diabetes mellitus and eight healthy controls were included.. Long sleep duration: a nonconventional indicator of arterial stiffness in Japanese at high risk of cardiovascular disease: side effects of cialis the J-HOP study. How does the number of susceptible cells influence the growth potential of the virus?. The presence of an osseous spur on the dorsoproximal aspect of MtIII in the absence of other radiological abnormalities may be an incidental finding. AfsR recruits tadalafil 5mg RNA polymerase to the afsS promoter: a model for transcriptional activation by SARPs. The ...
DI-fusion, le Dépôt institutionnel numérique de lULB, est loutil de référencementde la production scientifique de lULB.Linterface de recherche DI-fusion permet de consulter les publications des chercheurs de lULB et les thèses qui y ont été défendues.
Rat pancreatic islets have been studied following successive daily administration of dehydroascrobic acid (DHA) and during the recovery phase following 3 daily injections. One injection of DHA produces degranulation of B cells seen in the light microscope as a loss of aldehyde fuchsin positivity. In the electron microscope the B cells appear to have secretory granules accumulated subjacent to the plasma membranes. Following 2 and 3 daily injections, B cells evidence alterations in the organization of the granular endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, and secretory granules are scant but when present are subjacent to the plasma membrane. After 5 to 7 days recovery few secretory granules remain in B cell cytoplasm, but the cells have prominent granular ER and a Golgi apparatus with numerous prosecretory granules. The primary effect of DHA is an exaggerated secretory response of B cells, which is intensified with subsequent injections. Necrosis of B cells as produced by alloxan is not ...
Maida is made from wheat flour after removing the fiber rich bran. Then it is bleached with the chemical alloxan to make it white and fine. This chemical is toxic to Pancreas in our body. Pancreas is responsible for regulation of glucose and sugar in our body and blood. Pancreas is producing insulin in our body. Actually Insulin is responsible for the control of blood sugar. Once Pancreas is damaged, one will become diabetic. Pancreas can be damaged in many ways. Our genes and heredity also have a role in making Pancreas susceptible to injury by noxious agents. Maida or white wheat flour is used in many food stuffs world wide. The big corporate lobby world wide has succeeded in hiding the harmful effect of Maida and disseminating the information. The food industry was able to prevent any research to rule out the causation of DIABETES by Maida. The incidence of diabetes mellitus is increasing worldwide and India and Kerala is going to get the number one place in this regard. May be our food ...
This topic has 3 study abstracts on Zucchini indicating that it may have therapeutic value in the treatment of Alloxan toxicity, Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1, and Aspirin-Induced Toxicity
In vivo antidiabetic efficacy of red algae Portieria hornemannii and Spyridia fusiformis methanol extract on alloxan stimulated hyperglycemic activity in Wistar albino rats ...
Advanced Glycation End Products, Alloxan, Antigen, Apoptosis, Behavior, Cell, Cell Number, Cell Numbers, Cells, Family, Fluorescence, Fructosamine, Histamine, Histamine Release, Injection, Intravenous Injection, Mast Cell, Mast Cells, Plasma, Pleural Cavity
No species in the database contian data from the requested reference: Stiehler, R.D.; Huffman, H.M., Thermal data: V the heat capacities, entropies and free energies of adenine, hypoxanthine, guanine, xanthine, uric acid, allantoin and alloxan, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1935, 57, 1741-3. ...
Affiliation:Gifu University School of Medicine,Second Department of Internal Medicine,Assistant Professor of Medicine,医学部・附属病院,講師, Research Field:循環器内科学, Keywords:対側肺傷害,アラキドン酸代謝産物,Intravenous injection,Intratracheal instillation,二重指示薬希釈法,Alloxan-induced lung injury,アロキサン肺水腫,血管外肺水分量,成人呼吸窮迫症候群,Antiprotease, # of Research Projects:1, # of Research Products:0
Later on while in the program from the disease there exists enhanced expression of your transforming growth element b, which may perhaps result, in aspect, in the elevated production of MCP 1. Each the MCP 1 and also the TGF b1 genes have CpG situated from the vicinity of transcription begin website. The OVE26 mice on FVB background overexpress cal modulin gene in pancreatic b cells, leading to hyper glycemia and early onset of kind 1 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy. The leptin deficient insulin resis tant C57BL/6J ob/ob mice are mildly hyperglycemic and do not build kidney lesions resembling human dia betes. We utilized chromatin through the kidneys of those strains and their respective controls inside the com bined ChIP MeDIP assay. Blood glucose levels in these strains had been as follows C57BL/6J 65 4, C57BL/6 ob/ob 112 13, FVB 197 15, and FVB OVE26 649 22. Matrix ChIP MeDIP analysis uncovered reduced 5mC ranges in the MCP 1 gene in the diabetic OVE26 mice when compared with the usual FVB ...
Human C-peptide is a 31-amino-acid chain with a molecular mass of approximately 3,020 Da. Metabolically inert, it originates in the pancreatic B cells as a by-product of the enzymatic clea... ...
Fulltext - An Evaluation of the Hypoglycemic, Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Potentials of Onion (Allium cepa L.) on Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rabbits
Polysaccharide isolated from Hovenia dulcis Thunb.(HDP) was tested on mice to evaluate its antidiabetic activity. Diabetic mice were ig given different dosages of HDP(50, 100 and 200 mg·kg-1)once daily for 6 weeks. The results showed that the activities were related to the dose of HDP. The fasting blood glucose level of the diabetic mice was decreased by 47.46% in 200 mg·kg-1 group compared with that of before giving HDP. Compared with that of diabetic control group, in 200 mg·kg-1 group fasting blood glucose level (decreased by 64.50%), liver and kidney coefficients(decreased by 18.12% and 30.36% respectively), the content of malondialdehyde(MDA) in liver, kidney(decreased by 44.00% and 51.27% respectively), the content of triglyceride(TG), total cholesterol(TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)in serum(decreased by 26.32%, 26.53% and 35.71% respectively) were significantly decreased; Weight(increased by 16.73%), the content of blood insulin, high density lipoprotein ...
Berberis lycium Royle (B.l.R) commonly known as Ishkeen (Kashmal and Darbald) is widely used in folk medicines for the treatment of Diabetes mellitus. Experimental diabetes use to alter the lipid profile. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of Berberis lycium root bark on various lipid profiles in alloxan induced diabetic rabbits. Diabetes was induced by single intravenous injection of Alloxan (150 mg/kg).Oral administration of 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg crude powder of Berberis lycium root for four weeks resulted in significant reduction in total cholesterol, triglyceride and low density lipids (LDLs) levels. Berberis lycium treatment increased the levels of high density lipids (HDLs). Furthermore same doses stabilized the weight of diabetic rabbits. Thus our investigation clearly shows that crude powder of Berberis lycium Royle has antihyperlipidemic effect. ...
The juice of M. charantia fruit, administered orally in different doses produced hypoglycaemia in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits. When th
Author for correspondence: Email: [email protected] Shubashini K. Sripathi, Poongothai G./ Bioassay- Guided Fractionation… Table 1 Anti-fungal screening result (Zone of inhibition in mm)Sample Concentrated pet-etherresidueConcentrated Table 2 Anti-fungal screening result for column fractions and for isolated compounds against Monascus purpureus Table 2 shows anti-fungal screening result for column Alloxan-induced diabetic rats. International journal fractions against Monascus purpureus and column of Applied Research in natural products. 2009; fractions 4, 5,6,7,8 and 11 showed a higher zone of inhibition than the standard Clotrimazole. The Minimum Radha R, Arokiyaraj S, Agastian P, Balaraju K, Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values of these column Mohan Kumar R, Bula P. Phytochemical analysis fractions were also shown in Table 2. This study also and anti-inflammatory activity of Pisonia grandis revealed the potentially active fractions from which the R.Br. Journal of Biomedical and Pharmacology ...
Diabetes induced cardiac dysfunction and lesions are nowadays confirmed. In fact, Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease, which is associated with oxidative stress and hyperglycaemia which have direct toxic effects on cardio-myocytes. Olive leaves extract compounds, such as Oleuropein, have been used in many therapeutic and preventive cases. The present study is designed to evaluate the effect of Oleuropein as antioxidant on the heart histological and oxidative features in diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by alloxan at 180 mg/kg b.w by intra-peritoneal method once. Four weeks Oleuropein rich olive leaves administration restore significantly the heart histological alteration established by diabetes and enhanced the cardiac antioxidant potential.
Isolated islets of Langerhans were transplanted through the portal vein in the liver of 8 diabetic dogs; In 4 dogs a homologous transplantation was performed and another group of four dogs received isolated islets from their sisters or brothers. In both groups, there was an immediate effect on the blood glucose level. After pancreatectomy and injection of Alloxan the blood glucose rose to between 350 and 420 mg per 100 ml and after islet implantation the blood glucose decreased between 80 to 160 mg per 100 ml. The iv GTTS were after islet implantation clear better than in the diabetic control animals. These results could maintained in the recipients with homologues islets over a period of 6 to 8 weeks and in the other group of dogs over a period of 6 to 12 months. We were able to show, that the islet implantation in the liver of diabetic dogs did not disturb the microscopic architecture of the liver. No signs of portal hypertension, hepatic congestion and embolism were found. ...
To clarify the regeneration process of pancreatic β-cells, we established a new mouse model of diabetes induced by selective perfusion of alloxan after clamping the superior mesenteric artery. In this model, diabetes could be induced by the destruction of β-cells in alloxan-perfused segments, while β-cells in nonperfused segments were spared. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests showed glucose intolerance, which gradually ameliorated and was completely normalized in 1 year with a concomitant increase of insulin content in the pancreas. Histological examination showed neoislet formation in the alloxan-perfused segment and the proliferation of spared β-cells in the nonperfused segment. In the alloxan-perfused segment, despite a marked reduction of islets in size and number at an early stage, both the number of islets, including islet-like cell clusters (ICCs), and the relative islet area significantly increased at a later stage. Increased single β-cells and ICCs were located in close ...
You may also wish to search for items by Huffman, H. and Huffman. 124 matching references were found. Parks, G.S.; Huffman, H.M., Thermal data on organic compounds. IX. A study of the effect of unsaturation on the heat capacities, entropies and free energies of some hydrocarbons and other compounds, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1930, 52, 4381-4391. [all data] Huffman, H.M.; Ellis, E.L., Thermal Data. II. The heats of combustion of l-cysteine, of l-cystine, «beta»-thiolactic acid and «beta»,«beta»-dithiodilactic acid, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1935, 57, 41-46. [all data] Stiehler, R.D.; Huffman, H.M., Thermal data. IV. The heats of combustion of adenine, hypoxanthine, guanine, xanthine, uric acid, allantoin and alloxan, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1935, 57, 1734-1740. [all data] Huffman, H.M.; Ellis, E.L.; Fox, S.W., Thermal data. VI. The heats of combustion and free energies of seven organic compounds containing nitrogen, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1936, 58, 1728-1733. [all data] Huffman, H.M.; Fox, S.W.; Ellis, E.L., ...
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Euphorbia hirta linn., is a species of Euphorbiaceae family. They are known as asthma plant, barokhervi. The plant E. hirta is famous for its medicinal importance among the tribal population. It is a common practice to use the whole to heal wounds. Several pharmacological properties including antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, antidibetic, antispasmodic, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, anticonvulsant, nootropic, antifertility and aphrodisiac properties have already been reported for this plant. The aim of present work was to evaluate the wound healing property in diabetic animals by oral and topical administration of ethanolic extract of E. hirta whole plant. The ethanolic extract of E. hirta was subjected to determine the total phenolic content and total flavonoid content using galic acid and quercetin, respectively as standard. A single injection of alloxan monohydrate (120 mg/kg, i.p.) prepared in normal saline was administered to produce diabetes in rats, after
Background: Anthocyanins are phytochemicals with a multitude of pharmacological actions including anti-diabetic and anti-hyperlipidemic effects. This study was undertaken to evaluate the anti-hyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L., CM) fruits - that are rich in anthocyanins and known to have medicinal properties- in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Twenty-eight adult male rats were randomly assigned to four groups of seven animals each: non-diabetic control, diabetic control, glibenclamide-treated (0.6 mg/kg/day; 4 weeks) and CM fruit-treated (2 g/day; 4 weeks) group. Diabetes was induced by a single injection of alloxan (120 mg/kg). Fasting serum levels of glucose, total cholesterol (TC), low- (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), aspartate (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were measured at the end of study period. Results: Diabetic rats had significantly elevated levels ...
The surface of rat visceral yolk sacs (VYS) of intact, viable rat conceptuses were continuously monitored with a microfiberoptic sensor optimized for detection of the reduced pyridine nucleotides, NADH and NADPH. Model chemical toxins, cyanide and alloxan, were used and evaluated on the basis of their differential ability to modulate NAD(H)- and NADP(H)-dependent cellular pathways, respectively. Exposure with 2 mM sodium cyanide for 5 min caused a reversible fluorescence increase of 325 arbitrary fluorescence units (AFU) and 225 AFU on Gestational Days (GD) 10 and 11, respectively. Exposure with 40 mM alloxan for 5 min resulted in a fluorescence decrease of 170 and 120 AFU on GD 10 and 11, respectively. Glutathione (GSH) levels in the VYS, as determined by HPLC, showed a marked decrease from 27.3 +/- 2.1 to 2.9 +/- 0.4 pmol/mg protein, within the 5-min alloxan exposure period on GD 10. No decrease in GSH levels was noted for the same exposure duration on GD 11. A 2-hr pretreatment with 25 microM BCNU [
Omotosho, Omolola E. and Rotimi , S.O and Rotimi, OA Persistence of acidosis in alloxan-induced diabetic rats treated with the juice of Asystasia gangetica leaves. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 7 (25). 0973-1296. ISSN 0973-1296 Omotosho, , Elizabeth Omolola and Rotimi, Solomon O. Chrysophylum albidum fruit juice reverses erythrocytes ethylene glycol-induced toxicity in male Wistar rats. Annals of Biological Research , 4 (2). 247-252 . Abdelaal, , M and Zawawi,, T.H. and al Sobhi,, E. and Jeje, O. and Gilpin, C. and Kinsara, A. and Osoba, A. and Oni, G.A. (1998) Epidemiology of hepatitis E virus in male blood donors in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Irish Journal of Medical Science, 167 (2). pp. 94-96. Abebe, E. F. and Akpabio, C. J. and Maduagwu, E. N. (2013) N-nitrosation of N-methylaniline and nitrosamine toxicology in the wistar rats. European Journal of Experimental Biology, 3 (3). pp. 362-369. ISSN 2248 -9215 Abodunrin, T.J and Boyo, A. O. and Usikalu, M.R. and Obafemi, L and Oladapo, O and Kotsedi, L and ...
Garlic (Allium sativum L., Alliaceae), Persian shallot (Allium ascalonicum L., Alliaceae ) and Sage (Salvia officinalis L., Lamiaceae) are believed to have hypoglycemic properties and have been used traditionally as antidiabetic herbal medicines in Iran. In this study, diabetes was induced by subcutaneous injection of alloxan monohydrate (100 mg kg−1) to male Wistar rats. Antidiabetic effects of methanolic extracts of the above mentioned three plants on alloxan-diabetic rats was investigated in comparison with the effects of antidiabetic drugs such as acarbose, glibenclamide and metformin by measuring postprandial blood glucose (PBG), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), inhibition of rat intestinal α-glucosidase enzymes activities and pancreatic Insulin and cardiac Glut-4 mRNAs expression. In short term period, hypoglycemic effects of A. sativum and A. ascalonicum showed significant reduction of PBG similar to glibenclamide (5 mg kg−1 bw) while S. officinalis significantly reduced PBG similar
The aqueous extract of Artemisia herba-alba Asso. (Compositae) produced an initial hyperglycaemia which was followed by hypoglycaemia in normoglycaemic and alloxan-treated rabbits and mice. The extract (0.39 g/kg) significantly increased gastrointestinal transit time and the reaction time to thermal stimuli but had no effect on the activity of alkaline phosphatase or concentrations of creatinine and urea in plasma. Histopathological examination indicated mild hydropic degeneration in hepatocytes and proximal convoluted tubules. The duodenum showed mild oedema of the substantia of the mucosal propria. The plant extract showed weak antimicrobial activity.
Papa, Venus Razelle A. and Sayos, Darlene Rose S. (2016) A comparative study on the effects of apple cider vinegar and apple juice on increase blood glucose level and lipid profiles induced by Alloxan in Rattus norvegicus (albino rat). Undergraduate thesis, De La Salle University-Dasmarinas. ...
It was hypothesized in this study that alterations in plasma lipoprotein profile and disturbed gastrointestinal motility as observed in diabetes mellitus may influence the disposition of halofantrine (HF), a highly lipophilic antimalarial drug. Therefore, using a rat model of diabetes mellitus induced by administration of alloxan monohydrate, the effects of the disease on the pharmacokinetics of HF was investigated. Also, the drug binding to normal and diabetic plasma components was determined. Results showed that the mean Cmax values of HF and its major metabolite, desbutylhalofantrine (DHF), were markedly higher (up to 2.5 times) in the control than in diabetic rats (p , 0.05). Also, the early AUC (AUC0 - 12) and rate of drug absorption (Cmax /AUC0-) were markedly reduced by 40 and 58%, respectively, in diabetic compared to control group. However, the Tmax, AUC0-, and elimination T1/2 of HF were comparable between the two groups (p , 0.05). The binding of HF and DHF in diabetic plasma was ...
Phytotherapies for diabetes mellitus Anti diabetic effects of the different fractions of Ocimum sanctum and Aegle marmelos in alloxan induced diabetic rats. LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing (2011-05-22) - ISBN-13: 978-3-8443-1927-9 ...
A partially purified secretory granule fraction, isolated from rat islets of Langerhans by differential centrifugation, was used for investigating the stability of the beta granules during incubation in various conditions. Effects of pH, temperature, and time were studied; the granules possessed optimal stability at 4° and pH 6.0, and could be solubilized at pH 4.0 or 8.5, or in the presence of sodium deoxycholate, but not by phospholipase c, ouabain, or alloxan. Incubation with glucose or some of its metabolites, or with tolbutamide, ATP, or cyclic 3,5-AMP did not alter the stability of the beta granules Exogenous insulin-131I was not bound by the isolated granules under the conditions used; no specific insulin-degrading activity could be detected in subcellular fractions of the islets. These findings indicate that intracellular solubilization of the granules with subsequent diffusion of the insulin into the extracellular space is not a likely mode of insulin secretion in vivo, and suggest ...
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The association of L-type Ca(2+) channels to the secretory granules and its functional significance to secretion was investigated in mouse pancreatic B cells. Nonstationary fluctuation analysis showed that the B cell is equipped with ,500 alpha1(C) L-type Ca(2+) channels, corresponding to a Ca(2+) channel density of 0.9 channels per microm(2). Analysis of the kinetics of exocytosis during voltage-clamp depolarizations revealed an early component that reached a peak rate of 1.1 pFs(-1) (approximately 650 granules/s) 25 ms after onset of the pulse and is completed within approximately 100 ms. This component represents a subset of approximately 60 granules situated in the immediate vicinity of the L-type Ca(2+) channels, corresponding to approximately 10% of the readily releasable pool of granules. Experiments involving photorelease of caged Ca(2+) revealed that the rate of exocytosis was half-maximal at a cytoplasmic Ca(2+) concentration of 17 microM, and concentrations ,25 microM are required to ...
Anti-hyperglycemic drugs are commonly used in the treatment of diabetes. Could certain agents provide cardiovascular benefits as well?