Calcium alginate is a water-insoluble, gelatinous, cream-coloured substance that can be created through the addition of aqueous calcium chloride to aqueous sodium alginate. Calcium alginate is also used for entrapment of enzymes and forming artificial seeds in plant tissue culture. Alginate is usually the salts of alginic acid, but it can also refer to derivatives of alginic acid and alginic acid itself; in some publications the term algin is used instead of alginate. Alginate is present in the cell walls of brown algae, as the calcium, magnesium and sodium salts of alginic acid. To extract the alginate, the seaweed is broken into pieces and stirred with a hot solution of an alkali, usually sodium carbonate. Over a period of about two hours, the alginate dissolves as sodium alginate to give a very thick slurry. This slurry also contains the part of the seaweed that does not dissolve, mainly cellulose. This insoluble residue must be removed from the solution. The solution is too thick ...

Like many natural polysaccharides, dried alginates are not stable to heat, oxygen, metallic ions, etc. Stored in such circumstances, alginates will be degraded naturally. The high-viscosity alginate is more rapidly degraded than the medium-or low- viscosity ones. The order of stability in storage is: sodium alginate , ammonium alginate , alginic acid.. Different kind of alginate salt gives different stability, so does the different grade product. The industrial grade alginate solution is more easily degraded by microbe in the air, because such products contain much algal particles and nitrogenous matter which offer plenty of nutrition for microbe. The pure sodium alginate solution can be kept at room temperature for several months without obvious change in viscosity. When temperature increases, all alginate solutions will depolymerize. Alginate solutions are stable in the pH range 5.5 - 10 at room temperature for a long time, but will form the gel below pH 5.5. Propylene glycol alginate solution ...

Grape juice can be easily contaminated with ochratoxin A (OTA), one of the known mycotoxins with the greatest public health significance. Among the different approaches to decontaminate juice from this mycotoxin, microbiological methods proved efficient, inexpensive and safe, particularly the use of yeast or yeast products. To ascertain whether immobilisation of the yeast biomass would lead to successful decontamination, alginate beads encapsulating Candida intermedia yeast cells were used in our experiments to evaluate their OTA-biosorption efficacy. Magnetic calcium alginate beads were also prepared by adding magnetite in the formulation to allow fast removal from the aqueous solution with a magnet. Calcium alginate beads were added to commercial grape juice spiked with 20μg/kg OTA and after 48h of incubation a significant reduction (,80%), of the total OTA content was achieved, while in the subsequent phases (72-120h) OTA was slowly released into the grape juice by alginate beads. ...

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TY - JOUR. T1 - The effect of sodium alginate on physical and dissolution properties of Surelease®-matrix pellets prepared by a novel pelletizer. AU - Kim, Min Soo. AU - Kim, Jeong Soo. AU - Hwang, Sung Joo. PY - 2007/11/1. Y1 - 2007/11/1. N2 - The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sodium alginate on the physical and dissolution properties of Surelease®-matrix pellets prepared by a novel pelletizer-equipped piston extruder and double-arm counter-rotating rollers. The mean values of the shape factor (eR) and the aspect ratio of Surelease®-matrix pellets were 0.615-0.625 and 1.06-1.070, respectively, indicating good sphericity of the pellets. The drug release rate increased as the amount of sodium alginate increased due to hydration, swelling, and erosion within the Surelease®-matrix pellets. In addition, the porosity of pellets also increased with increasing sodium alginate content. The results of this study show that sodium alginate has a greater effect on the drug release ...

Press Release issued Apr 30, 2019: There are several types of alginates available in the global market including sodium, calcium, and potassium out of which sodium alginates hold the highest share of the market. Sodium alginate is a type of natural polysaccharide which is extracted from the brown seaweed that grows in cold water regions. Sodium alginate market is expanding mainly on account of the increasing size of food industry. Sodium alginate is soluble in cold and hot water, and possesses thickening and binding properties. Sodium alginate forms a gel without being heated in the presence of calcium. Sodium alginate is generally used along with calcium salts in several cuisines to produce small and large spheres filled with liquid that burst in the mouth. Sodium Alginate is also used in the food industry as an emulsifier to increase viscosity. It is also used in indigestion tablets as it does not have any discernible flavor.

The report on the Global Sodium Alginate market offers complete data on the Sodium Alginate market. Components, for example, main players, analysis, size, situation of the business, SWOT analysis, and best patterns in the market are included in the report. In addition to this, the report sports numbers, tables, and charts that offer a clear viewpoint of the Sodium Alginate market. The top contenders SNP, KIMICA, SNAP Natural & Alginate Products, IRO Alginate Industry, NovaMatrix, Bright Moon Seaweed, Lianyungang Tiantian Seaweed Industrial, Unikem of the global Sodium Alginate market are further covered in the report .. Access to the sample pages of the report at: http://www.extentresearch.com/request-for-sample.html?repid=19657. The report also segments the global Sodium Alginate market based on product mode and segmentation Industrial Grade, Food Grade, Pharma Grade. The study includes a profound summary of the key sectors and the segments Papermaking, Paper Coatings, Textiles, Food & ...

There have been few studies of the effect of alginate dressings on the processes of wound healing.. The healing of cutaneous ulcers requires the development of a vascularized granular tissue bed, filling of large tissue defects by dermal regeneration, and the restoration of a continuous epidermal keratinocyte layer. These processes were modeled in vitro in one study, utilizing human dermal fibroblast, microvascular endothelial cell (HMEC), and keratinocyte cultures to examine the effect of calcium alginate on the proliferation and motility of these cultures, and the formation of capillarylike structures by HMEC.. In the study, the calcium alginate increased the proliferation of fibroblasts but decreased the proliferation of HMEC and keratinocytes. In contrast, the calcium alginate decreased fibroblast motility but had no effect on keratinocyte motility. There was no significant effect of calcium alginate on the formation of capillarylike structures by HMEC. The effects of calcium alginate on ...

Sodium Alginate Market by Product (Food Grade Sodium Alginate, Pharmaceutical Grade Sodium Alginate, Technical Grade Sodium Alginate, Feed Grade Sodium Alginate), by Application (Food Additives, Pharmaceutical & Healthcare, Paper & Pulp, Personal Care & Cosmetics, Textile, Animal Feed, Industrial) and by Region, Trend, Forecast, Competitive Analysis, and Growth Opportunity 2019-2024 - Radiant Insights

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Figure 1, a) 3D pore 100 µm droplet chip junction, b) 80 µm, c) 100 µm alginate beads.. The Dolomite Team is using microfluidics to produce small (80-120 µm) alginate beads suitable for cell encapsulation. A 2 % alginate solution was dissolved in water overnight with subsequent addition of Ca-EDTA. For the oil phase, 1 % Fluosurf in HFE 7500 was used with 0.05 % acetic acid to release the chelated calcium in the Ca-EDTA complex and allow alginate crosslinking from within. Both solutions were introduced into a 100 µm 3D pore fluorophilic single junction chip (figure 1a) to form spherical monodispersed beads. Depending on flow rates (Qd 16 µlmin-1 Qc 10 µlmin-1 and Qd 10 µlmin-1 Qc 18 µlmin-1) 80 µm (figure 1b) and 100 µm (figure 1c) alginate beads were produced respectively.. DOWNLOAD APPLICATION NOTE HERE. If you are interested in producing alginate beads for your applications, please contact us at [email protected], and keep an eye out for our alginate bead application ...

Alginate is a biodegradable, immunocompatible biopolymer that is capable of immobilizing viable cells and bioactive factors. Few investigations have analyzed the efficacy of alginate gels as substrata for cell attachment and proliferation. Here we have compared the adhesion and subsequent growth of human and rat bone marrow stromal fibroblastic cells on unmodified alginate hydrogel surfaces. It was found that, in contrast to rat cells, human cells did not readily attach or proliferate on unmodified alginates. In attempts to enhance these features, or collagen type I was incorporated into the gels, with no significant improvements in prolonged human cell adherence. However, alginate gels containing both collagen type I and beta-tricalcium phosphate were found to enhance human cell adherence and proliferation. Furthermore, interactions between the collagen and beta-tricalcium phosphate prevented loss of the protein from the hydrogels. These results indicate that alginate gels containing collagen have

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This study explores the utility of calcium-alginate hydrogels as a three-dimensional culture platform for hematopoietic cell culture. We investigate the effects of calcium concentration and alginate viscosity on the mechanical and physical properties of the gel, and their subsequent effects on cellular growth. Further, we have also explored the establishment of a co-culture system in the presence of stromal cells (HS-5) and using K562 cells as our hematopoietic model. Physical characterization of calcium alginate is conducted with mechanical testing and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) scans to determine the relationship between the mechanical strength and the structure of calcium alginate with the variation of calcium concentration and alginate viscosity. The study on mechanical properties via compressive stress test reveals that increasing calcium concentration and alginate viscosity resulted in the formation of stiffer gels as showed by the higher elastic moduli. In addition, SEM scans ...

The influence of the mixture of water and alcohols on the solubility and properties of alginate and its calcium-induced gels is of interest for the food, wound care and pharmaceutical industries. The solvent quality of water with increasing amounts of ethanol (0-20%) on alginate was studied using intrinsic viscosity. The effect of ethanol addition on the rheological and mechanical properties of calcium alginate gels was determined. Small-angle X-ray scattering and transmission electron microscopy were used to study the network structure. It is shown that the addition of ethanol up to 15% (wt) increases the extension of the alginate chain, which correlates with increased moduli and stress being required to fracture the gels. The extension of the polymer chain is reduced at 20% (wt) ethanol, which is followed by reduced moduli and stress at breakage of the gels. The network structure of gels at high ethanol concentrations (24%) is characterized by thick and poorly connected network strands.. ...

Alginate hydrogels are commonly used in biomedical applications such as scaffolds for tissue engineering, drug delivery, and as a medium for cell immobilization. Multivalent cations are often employed to create physical crosslinks between carboxyl and hydroxyl moieties on neighbouring polysaccharide chains, creating hydrogels with a range of mechanical properties. This work describes the manufacture and characterisation of sodium alginate hydrogels using the divalent cations Mg2+, Ca2+ and Sr2+ to promote gelation via non-covalent crosslinks. The gelation time and Youngs modulus are characterised as a function of cation and alginate concentrations. The implications of this work towards the use of environmental elasticity to control stem cell differentiation are discussed.. ...

Sodium and potassium alginate are intended to be used as technological additives (functional groups: emulsifiers, stabilisers, thickeners, gelling agents and binders). Sodium alginate is intended to be used in feedingstuffs for pets, other non food-producing animals and fish, with no maximum recommended use level. Potassium alginate is intended to be used in feedingstuffs for cats and dogs at levels up to 40,000 mg/kg feed (on dry matter). Since the functional properties of the additives are determined by the alginate content, sodium and potassium alginate were considered equivalent. The maximum dose considered safe for cats, dogs, other non food-producing animals, salmonids and other fish is 40,000 mg alginates (sodium and potassium salts)/kg complete feed. The use of alginates in feedingstuffs for fish is of no concern for the consumer. Alginates are reported not to be irritant to the skin but mildly irritant to the eyes. They are considered as potential sensitisers to the skin and the ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Oxidised alginate hydrogels as niche environments for corneal epithelial cells. AU - Wright, Bernice. AU - De Bank, Paul A.. AU - Luetchford, Kimberley. AU - Acosta, Fernando R.. AU - Connon, Che J.. PY - 2014/10. Y1 - 2014/10. N2 - Chemical and biochemical modification of hydrogels is one strategy to create physiological constructs that maintain cell function. The aim of this study was to apply oxidised alginate hydrogels as a basis for development of a biomimetic niche for limbal epithelial stem cells that may be applied to treating corneal dysfunction. The stem phenotype of bovine limbal epithelial cells (LEC) and the viability of corneal epithelial cells (CEC) were examined in oxidised alginate gels containing collagen IV over a 3-day culture period. Oxidation increased cell viability (P ≤ 0.05) and this improved further with addition of collagen IV (P ≤ 0.01). Oxidised gels presented larger internal pores (diameter: 0.2 - 0.8 µm) than unmodified gels (pore diameter: ...

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Humidity: sunny, mild humidity Using our observations from Experiment #2, we decided to start with a 1:24 ratio of sodium alginate to Future floor polish because this ratio produced a solution with the right combination of fluidity and thickness for a ground.. To begin the experiment we mixed ½ tbs of Sodium alginate and ¾ cup of Zea Mays Stop out to achieve a 1:24 ratio.. This mixture was not fluid like we expected. It immediately started clumping up and became thicker than we anticipated. We hypothesized the different results were due to addition of Gac 100, which is part of the stop out mixture. The Gac 100 was not included in our first test with a 1:24 ratio. In the first test, just future floor polish was mixed with sodium alginate. We let the sodium alginate and stop out mixture sit for three hours to see if over time the clumps would dissolve. After three hours of sitting with periodic stirring, the mixture was still very lumpy and thick. This ratio,1 part sodium alginate to 24 parts ...

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Oxygen-dependent alginate synthesis and enzymes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.: Alginate production by the highly alginate-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa 8821M wa

Objective(s): In this study, effects of encapsulated umbilical cord stem cells (UCSCs)-derived hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) in high mannuronic alginate scaffolds was investigated on CCl4-induced acute liver failure (ALF) in rats. Material and Methods: UCSCs were encapsulated in high mannuronic alginate scaffolds. Then the UCSCs differentiated into HLCs for treatment of CCl4-induced ALF in rats. Thirty rats randomly divided into 5 groups: Intoxicated group received only CCl4 to induce ALF. In other groups including cell-free, UCSCs and HLCs, alginate scaffolds were transplanted into the liver 4 days after CCl4 injection. Biochemical markers including albumin (ALB), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were evaluated. Histological changes and gene expression of ALB, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and cytokeratin 18 (CK-18) were also assessed.Results: Expression of CK-18 significantly increased in HLCs compared to the UCSCs

lginate is a polysaccharide found within brown seaweeds and has been targeted as a carbon source for biofuel production. Alginate consists of α-L-guluronate (G) and β-D-mannuronate (M) linked in various patterns, which results in either a homo- or heteropolymeric structure. Alginate lyases are enzymes that degrade the linkage between G and M blocks and can have specificity to either polyG, polyM, or polyMG block degradation. The marine bacterium Vibrio splendidus 12B01 contains four putative alginate lyases which were investigated in this study. We identified, purified, and characterized the four PL7 alginates lyases. We found that these lyases have optimal activity between pH 7.5-8.5 and 20-25°C, consistent with use in a marine environment. Additionally, Ca 2+ is necessary for optimal enzyme activity. The binding constant (K m ) of the lyases toward alginate was found to be between 22 and 123 mM alginate and the maximum reaction rate (V max ) was found to be between 0.13 and 0.83 μM s -1 . ...

Alginates have many beneficial uses across a wide variety of industries. Alginates are salts of alginic acid taking the form of sodium, calcium and/or ammonium alginate precipitated from brown seaweed (algae).

TY - JOUR. T1 - Controlling alginate gel degradation utilizing partial oxidation and bimodal molecular weight distribution. AU - Boontheekul, Tanyarut. AU - Kong, Hyun Joon. AU - Mooney, David J.. N1 - Funding Information: The author would like to thank NIDCR/NIH for financial support (RO1 DE13349), as well as Royal King Anandamahidol foundation (Thailand) for a graduate fellowship to T.B.. PY - 2005/5. Y1 - 2005/5. N2 - Degradability is often a critical property of materials utilized in tissue engineering. Although alginate, a naturally derived polysaccharide, is an attractive material due to its biocompatibility and ability to form hydrogels, its slow and uncontrollable degradation can be an undesirable feature. In this study, we characterized gels formed using a combination of partial oxidation of polymer chains and a bimodal molecular weight distribution of polymer. Specifically, alginates were partially oxidized to a theoretical extent of 1% with sodium periodate, which created acetal ...

All chronic wounds are colonised by bacteria; for some, colonisation progresses to become infection. Alginate wound dressings are used for highly exuding chronic wounds as they are very absorbent, taking up large quantities of exudate while maintaining a moist wound bed to support healing. Some alginate dressings are doped with antimicrobials, most commonly silver, but evidence regarding the efficacy of these is largely inconclusive. This manuscript describes the development and in vitro assessment of alginate materials doped with chlorhexidine hexametaphosphate (CHX-HMP), a sparingly soluble salt which when exposed to aqueous environments provides sustained release of the common antiseptic chlorhexidine. Comparator materials were a commercial silver alginate dressing material and an alginate doped with chlorhexidine digluconate (CHXdg). CHX-HMP alginates provided a dose-dependent CHX release which was sustained for over 14 days, whereas CHXdg alginates released limited CHX and this ceased ...

Research work that began in 2013 has been able to establish, optimise and standardise the cultivation of the soil bacterium and the biotechnological process for producing and isolating bacterial alginates. By working specifically on optimising the bacteriums alginate biosynthesis, the researchers succeeded in improving the composition, and therefore the properties and yield of the alginate. This meant that they could make customised alginates that are particularly suitable for producing fibres for use in medical products. In a pilot production facility, the research partners were able to spin fibres from alginate and alginate-viscose, and turn them into innovative nonwoven materials and wound dressings within the established process. When the new wound dressings were tested in use, the alginate product that had been made using biotechnology was impressive for its liquid absorption capacity, which was significantly better than that of commercially available marine alginate-based wound dressings. ...

The high cost of soluble enzymes can limit their use for commercial and industrial purposes. Immobilization can enhance enzyme reusability, thereby reducing product isolation costs and overcoming this economic barrier. In the current study, two novel, purified lipases from Pseudomonas sp. (Pseudomonas reinekei and Pseudomonas brenneri) were entrapped in a calcium alginate matrix, with the aim of simultaneously enhancing enzyme reusability and stability. Following entrapment, the retained activity of the enzyme-alginate composite was verified by an enzymatic hydrolysis reaction of a p-nitrophenol palmitate substrate. The effect of the enzyme-alginate entrapment against various physiochemical parameters such as pH, temperature, metal ions, and solvents were subsequently examined. The entrapment was found to have minimal beneficial stability gains. However, enhanced enzyme reusability (up to 3 cycles) and stability (up to 18 days at 4°C) of the calcium alginate entrapped lipase, as indicated by

The relationship of high and low molecular weight mannuronic acid (M)- and guluronic acid (G)-rich alginate nanoparticles as oral insulin carrier was elucidated. Nanoparticles were prepared through ionotropic gelation using Ca2 +, and then in vitro physicochemical attributes and in vivo antidiabetic characteristics were examined. The alginate nanoparticles had insulin release retarded when the matrices had high alginate-to-insulin ratio or strong alginate-insulin interaction via O-H moiety. High molecular weight M-rich alginate nanoparticles were characterized by assemblies of long polymer chains that enabled insulin encapsulation with weaker polymer-drug interaction than nanoparticles prepared from other alginate grades. They were able to encapsulate and yet release and have insulin absorbed into systemic circulation, thereby lowering rat blood glucose. High molecular weight G- and low molecular weight M-rich alginate nanoparticles showed remarkable polymer-insulin interaction. This retarded ...

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The analysts forecast the global sodium alginate market to exhibit a CAGR of 5.43% during the period 2019-2024. The report covers the present scenario and the growth prospects of the global sodium alginate for 2019-2024. To calculate the market size, the report considers the sodium alginate sales volume and revenue.. The projections featured in the report have been derived using proven research methodologies and assumptions. By doing so, the research report serves as a repository of analysis and information for every facet of the market, including but not limited to: regional markets, product, and application.. Download Free Sample Report @ https://www.radiantinsights.com/research/sodium-alginate-market/request-sample. Geographically, the global sodium alginate market is segmented into North America, Asia Pacific, Europe, Middle East & Africa and South America. This report forecasts revenue growth at a global, regional & country level, and provides an analysis of the market trends in each of the ...

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SODIUM ALGINATE is part of manufacturing ingredient used in FDA Database. When you consume you prescription drug make sure that you are not allergic to this SODIUM ALGINATE. This will change the way your body absorbs prescription drug your doctor provided you with. SODIUM ALGINATE is used in manufacturing process of pharmaceutical products. List bellow has SODIUM ALGINATE as ingredient during manufacturing.. As some Prescription Drugs might have same name but they are classified by FDA with uniq ID.. ...

This review provides a critical update on human and animal studies investigating the effect of alginate supplementation on appetite regulation, glycaemic and insulinemic responses, and lipid metabolism with discussion of the evidence on potential mechanisms, efficacy and tolerability. Dependent on vehicle applied for alginate supplementation, the majority of animal and human studies suggest that alginate consumption does suppress satiety and to some extent energy intake. Only one long-term intervention trial found effects on weight loss. In addition, alginates seem to exhibit beneficial influence on postprandial glucose absorption and insulin response in animals and humans. However, alginate supplementation was only found to have cholesterol-lowering properties in animals. Several mechanisms have been suggested for the positive effect observed, which involve delayed gastric emptying, increased viscosity of digesta and slowed nutrient absorption in the small intestine upon alginate gel formation. ...

Alginate hydrogel made from alginate and crosslinking divalent ions is a natural biomaterial that is biocompatible, has low toxicity, is relatively cheap and has mild gelation chemistry. It is a porous material that allows diffusion of small molecules. Alginate hydrogel is a polymeric network that contains 95-99% water and it does in many ways resemble the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) that surrounds cells in the body. It is also hydrophilic, which reduces friction in body fluids and minimizes protein adsorption and it is easily stored and sterilized.Alginate is produced by both algae and bacteria, and it is initially synthesized as mannuronan (M) with 100% M-residues. Guluronic acid residues (G) are introduced in a post-polymerization step by enzymes called mannuronan C-5 epimerases that catalyze conversion of M into G without breaking the glycosidic bond. Seven different mannuronan C-5 epimerases have been sequenced, cloned and produced recombinantly, and these enzymes introduce ...

Here, we sought to develop a cell culture surface conversion technique that would not damage living cells. An alginate thin film, formed on a glass plate by spin coating of sodium alginate solution and dipping into calcium chloride solution, was used to inhibit adhesion of cells. The film could be removed by ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) at any time during cell culture, permitting observation of cellular responses to conversion of the culture surface in real time. Additionally, we demonstrated the validity of the alginate thin film coating method and the performance of the film. The thickness of the alginate thin film was controlled by varying the rotation speed during spin coating. Moreover, the alginate thin film completely inhibited the adhesion of cultured cells to the culture surface, irrespective of the thickness of the film. When the alginate thin film was removed from the culture surface by EDTA, the cultured cells adhered to the culture surface, and their morphology changed. ...

The two-phase model used previously to calculate the polymer-subphase volume of alginic acid was applied to interpret the dependence of apparent metal binding equilibrium on environmental conditions. In this model, the polymer subphase, a small aqueous region surrounding the polymer chain, was considered as a separate phase in the aqueous solution and as a protonation-deprotonation and metal binding reaction zone. Three factors were taken into account when treating experimental data: (1) the electric field due to the charged ligands on the polymer molecule, (2) the effective concentration of ligands based on polymer-subphase volume, and (3) the competition from hydrogen ions for the metal binding sites. The data of base titration of alginic acid in the presence of trace amounts of copper at different alginic acid concentrations and ionic strengths yielded unique intrinsic stability constants for complexes formed between a cupric ion and one or two binding ligands ...

Dolomite Microfluidics systems are enabling reliable, reproducible production of monodisperse alginate beads, overcoming the challenges associated with traditional batch techniques. Controlled and reproducible generation of alginate gel beads is crucial for biomedical science and engineering applications that require biologically and chemically inert polymers, such as the encapsulation of drugs or cells. However, this can be difficult to achieve with batch synthesis, which produces large beads with a wide size distribution and minimal control over bead size. The reproducibility and throughput of the technique are also low. Microfluidic synthesis of alginate beads overcomes these difficulties, allowing precise control of bead formation and enabling rapid production of particles with well-defined sizes, shapes and morphologies ...

Alginic acid, also called algin or alginate, is an anionic polysaccharide distributed widely in the cell walls of brown algae, where through binding with water it forms a viscous gum. It is also a significant component of the biofilms produced by the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the major pathogen in cystic fibrosis, that confer it a high resistance to antibiotics and killing by macrophages. Its colour ranges from white to yellowish-brown. It is sold in filamentous, granular or powdered forms. Alginic acid is a linear copolymer with homopolymeric blocks of (1-4)-linked β-D-mannuronate (M) and its C-5 epimer α-L-guluronate (G) residues, respectively, covalently linked together in different sequences or blocks. The monomers can appear in homopolymeric blocks of consecutive G-residues (G-blocks), consecutive M-residues (M-blocks) or alternating M and G-residues (MG-blocks). Alginates are refined from brown seaweeds. A wide variety of brown seaweeds of the phylum Phaeophyceae are harvested ...

Sodium alginate is a seaweed-derived fibre that has previously been shown to moderate appetite in models of acute feeding. The mechanisms underlying this effect may include slowed gastric clearance and attenuated uptake from the small intestine. In order to assess whether alginate could be effective as a means of appetite control in free-living adults, 68 males and females (BMI range: 18.50-32.81 kgl M-2) completed this randomised, controlled two-way crossover intervention to compare the effects of 7 day daily ingestion of a strong-gelling sodium alginate formulation against a control. A sodium alginate with a high-guluronate content was chosen because, upon ingestion, it forms a strong gel in the presence of calcium ions. Daily preprandial ingestion of the sodium alginate formulation produced a significant 134.8 kcal (7%) reduction in mean daily energy intake. This reduced energy intake was underwritten by significant reductions in mean daily carbohydrate, sugar, fat, saturated fat and protein ...

Alginate can be produced by a microbial fermentation using bacteria such as Azobacter Vinelandii and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa (Linker and Jones 1964, Gorin and Spencer 1966). These bacteria produce a polysaccharide with a structure resembling alginate, differing only in that there are acetyl groups on a portion of the C2 and C3 hydroxyls. It is believed that the acetate groups are associated mainly with the D-mannuronic acid residues (Davidson 1977, Sutherland 1983, Paul 1986). The level of acetylation is variable as is the mannuronic and guluronic acid content. However the level of guluronic acid in the final polymer can be controlled to some extent by altering the level of calcium in the fermentation broth (Haug and Larsen 1971). The sequence structures and acetylation patterns of bacterial alginate, from different sources, have been studied with 2D COSY proton NMR techniques. The acetyl residues were found to be exclusively associated with the mannuronic acid residues with degrees of ...

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TY - JOUR. T1 - Gypsum Compatibility of Antimicrobial Alginates After Spray Disinfection. AU - King, Barbara B.. AU - Norling, Barry K.. AU - Seals, Richard. PY - 1994/12. Y1 - 1994/12. N2 - This investigation examined the gypsum compatibility of two antimicrobial alginates after spray disinfection. Subjective compatibility evaluations were compared with objective quantitative profilometer readings of gypsum cast surface roughness. COE Hydrophilic Gel Alginate, Jeltrate Plus Antimicrobial Alginate, and their nonantimicrobial counterparts, Coe Alginate and Jeltrate Plus, were used in this study. After spray disinfection with water (control), Alcide LD, Biocide, OMC II, and 0.5% NaOCl, impressions of the American National Standards Institute/American Dental Association (ANSI/ADA) specification no. 18 detail reproduction die and impressions made simultaneously of a smooth glass die were cast in Microstone, Silky‐Rock, and Die‐Keen. Five specimens were made for each alginate/disinfectant/gypsum ...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) infections in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) patients are not easily cleared due to the conversion from a nonmucoid to a mucoid phenotype. Alginate is an acetylated exopolysaccharide produced by mucoid PA that is responsible for increased resistance to antibiotics, host phagocytic killing, and propagating biofilm formation. Understanding the interaction between PA and host cells is critical to understanding chronic infection and inflammation in CF. In order to investigate this, we used A549 pulmonary epithelial cells and murine alveolar macrophages (MH-S) to examine host response to nonmucoid versus mucoid PA infection. Adhesion assays in A549 pulmonary epithelial cells revealed that mucoid PA mutants adhere poorly compared to their nonmucoid counterparts. Similarly, phagocytosis assays using MH-S infected with PA revealed that mucoid PA are increasingly resistant to phagocytosis. The alginate acetylation mutant FRD1175 is more susceptible to phagocytic killing than alginate+ FRD1.

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Sodium Alginate (alginate, algin) Molecular RecipesSodium Alginate is a natural polysaccharide product extracted from brown seaweed that grows in cold water regions. In modernist cuisine, sodiu&thickener sodium alginate