In this large prospective study, higher intake of marine n-3 fatty acids was not associated with risk of distal colorectal adenoma. In addition, no significant associations were observed between this dietary variable and risks of small adenoma, distal colon adenoma, and rectal adenoma, although a nonsignificant, suggestive, inverse association was noted for large adenoma. Similarly, we found no significant associations between n-3/n-6 ratio and risks of distal colorectal adenoma.. We did find a suggestively decreased risk of large adenoma associated with higher dietary marine n-3 fatty acid intake (RR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.54-1.01). Interestingly, we also noted that high n-3 intake was associated with a nonsignificant increase in risk of small adenoma. We thus conducted a post hoc analysis and found that among women with a diagnosis of adenoma, those with high dietary intake of marine n-3 fatty acids had a 46% lower odds of having a large adenoma versus a small adenoma. In combination, these results ...
Pituitary adenomas are tumors that occur in the pituitary gland. Pituitary adenomas are generally divided into three categories dependent upon their biological functioning: benign adenoma, invasive adenoma, and carcinomas. Most adenomas are benign, approximately 35% are invasive and just 0.1% to 0.2 are carcinomas. Pituitary adenomas represent from 10% to 25% of all intracranial neoplasms and the estimated prevalence rate in the general population is approximately 17%. Non-invasive and non-secreting pituitary adenomas are considered to be benign in the literal as well as the clinical sense; however a recent meta-analysis (Fernández-Balsells, et al. 2011) of available research has shown there are to date scant studies - of poor quality - to either support or refute this assumption. Adenomas which exceed 10 millimetres (0.39 in) in size are defined as macroadenomas, with those smaller than 10 mm referred to as microadenomas. Most pituitary adenomas are microadenomas, and have an estimated ...
We report for the first time that the fraction of ALDH1A1-expressing putative stem-like cells in colorectal adenoma epithelium is correlated among synchronous adenomas in individual patients, and that the presence of a larger subpopulation of these adenoma stem-like cells is associated with increased risk for the patient to have a metachronous adenoma at another location in the large bowel at follow-up. Of note, the association between percentage of ALDH1A1-expressing adenoma cells and risk of a metachronous adenoma is independent of both the adenoma and clinical characteristics previously reported to be associated with increased risk (i.e., villous architecture, high-grade dysplasia, and size of the baseline adenoma, and age and male sex of the study subjects). Our findings raise the possibility that a larger stem-like cell subpopulation in a baseline adenoma may serve as a quantifiable biomarker for the propensity of a patient to develop a subsequent colorectal neoplasm. If corroborated, this ...
Background: Sporadic adenoma formation found on surveillance colonoscopies in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represents a significant risk for cancer. Certain racial groups like African Americans (AA) are at increased risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC), but there is conflicting literature on differences in sporadic adenoma formation. Some data suggests AA are at increased risk for large adenomas, more proximal lesions, and increased prevalence. These data, however, are studying the general population and to our knowledge no study has looked at differences in adenoma formation by race in IBD patients. The present retrospective study analyzes the prevalence of adenomas in IBD patients. Methods: All IBD patients who received a surveillance colonoscopy within the past year were included in the present study. Sporadic adenomas included serrated, tubular, villous, and tubulovillous adenoma formation. A database was created using Microsoft Excel and identifying information was
TY - JOUR. T1 - Both Transforming Growth Factor-β and Substrate Release Are Inducers of Apoptosis in a Human Colon Adenoma Cell Line. AU - Cheng Ya Wang, Ya Wang. AU - Eshleman, J. R.. AU - Willson, J. K V. AU - Markowitz, S.. PY - 1995/11/1. Y1 - 1995/11/1. N2 - VACO-330, a nontransfonned cell line established from a human colon adenoma, undergoes spontaneous apoptosis and shedding of cells into the culture medium. Shed cells were shown to be apoptotic, both by nuclear morphology and by generation of a typical laddered pattern of degraded DNA. Quantitation of DNA released into the medium, compared with the amount retained on the plate, demonstrated that 6.2 ± 1.1% of the total cell mass underwent apoptotic death daily. The addition of transforming growth factor β (20 ng/ml) accelerated this spontaneous apoptotic rate 3.2-fold. Moreover, apoptosis could be rapidly induced in up to 45% of the VACO-330 cells by using brief exposure to a calcium chelating medium to release the cells from the ...
A small study suggests that serrated adenoma may be a form of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and not a separate type of colorectal cancer.. Three serrated adenomas were found separately in three out of 11 Japanese patients from three families with FAP. Colorectal polyps numbered ,100 in each of the three, and all serrated adenomas were found in the rectum. All three patients with serrated adenomas had mutations in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene-two proximal to the site of the gene, at codon 161, 332 and the third at the most distal site, codon 1556. Mutations in the other patients were located between codons 554 and 1324.. The rate of occurrence of serrated adenoma in the study was 30 times that in the general population so APC mutation may influence pathogenesis of serrated adenoma. The genetic results are compatible with a recent report describing colonic polyposis of ,100 polyps as attenuated FAP, so serrated adenoma may actually be a phenotype of FAP.. All 11 patients had a ...
Background & Objectives: Tubular adenomas are rare benign epithelial tumours of breast affecting predominantly females of child bearing age group. Till now, very small number of cases have been reported in the literature. Present study was carried out to evaluate the clinico-pathological features of tubular adenoma cases diagnosed during three years study period along with discussion of possible differential diagnoses. Methods: Overall, 346 female breast biopsies were diagnosed as benign lesions in three years (2010-2012), of which 10 cases of tubular adenomas were identified. Available clinical, radiological and cytological data of these cases were analysed retrospectively in detail. Result: Tubular adenomas were identified from 16 to 48 years of age with a predilection to younger age group (60% within 30 years). Most of the tubular adenomas were small and circumscribed mimicking fibroadenoma in almost all the cases. Diagnosis of tubular adenoma in each case was possible only after histological
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Evidence for the effect of dietary factors on colorectal carcinogenesis is yet inconsistent. Few studies have been conducted to investigate whether dietary factors were associated with the development of colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence in Korea. We evaluated the relationship between the intake of vegetables and fruits and the degree of dysplasia of the colorectal adenoma and cancer. METHODS: For this study, 539 cases with histopathologically confirmed incidental colorectal adenoma, 162 cases with colorectal cancer and 2,576 controls were collected from Our Lady of Mercy Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea during 1994-1999. Informations on demographic characteristics, life style habits and dietary intake were obtained by interviewed questionnaire before the colonoscopy. Adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated by using polytomous logistic regression model. RESULTS: In female, the high intake of raw green and yellow vegetables were found to be
Supplementation with fibre as ispaghula husk may have adverse effects on colorectal adenoma recurrence, especially in patients with high dietary calcium intake. Calcium supplementation was associated with a modest but not significant reduction in the risk of adenoma recurrence.
Pituitary Cancer. Pituitary tumors are unusual growths found in the pituitary organ which makes hormones that influence development and the functions of different glands in the body.. The pituitary organ is a pea-sized, reddish dim organ in the focal point of the brain, just above and behind the nose.. Pituitary carcinomas happen in both sexes, usually by the third or fourth decades of life. These tumors are very basic with 25% of individuals having small pituitary tumors on autopsy however most are sans symptom and the vast larger part of pituitary adenomas go undiagnosed all through life.. Types of Pituitary Tumors. The types are named after the types of hormones the pituitary makes and incorporate prolactin-delivering adenomas, somatotrophin-secreting adenomas, corticotrophin-secreting adenomas, gonadotrophin-secreting adenomas, thyrotrophin-secreting adenomas, invalid cell adenomas, and adenomas of the blended cell sort. Another kind of pituitary cancer shows up as substantial hands, feet ...
Medical information, Thyroid adenoma. Definition of Thyroid adenoma, symptoms of Thyroid adenoma, treatment of Thyroid adenoma, and prevention of Thyroid adenoma. Exams and Tests Thyroid adenoma.
Author(s): Meyskens, Frank L, Jr; McLaren, Christine E; Pelot, Daniel; Fujikawa-Brooks, Sharon; Carpenter, Philip M; Hawk, Ernest; Kelloff, Gary; Lawson, Michael J; Kidao, Jayashri; McCracken, John; Albers, C Gregory; Ahnen, Dennis J; Turgeon, D Kim; Goldschmid, Steven; Lance, Peter; Hagedorn, Curt H; Gillen, Daniel L; Gerner, Eugene W | Abstract: Preclinical studies of chemoprevention drugs given in combination at low doses show remarkable efficacy in preventing adenomas with little additional toxicities, suggesting a strategy to improve risk to benefit ratios for preventing recurrent adenomas. Three hundred seventy-five patients with history of resected (> or =3 mm) adenomas were randomly assigned to receive oral difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) 500 mg and sulindac 150 mg once daily or matched placebos for 36 months, stratified by use of low-dose aspirin (81 mg) at baseline and clinical site. Follow-up colonoscopy was done 3 years after randomization or off-study. Colorectal adenoma recurrence was
TY - JOUR. T1 - Increased risk of adenomas in individuals with a family history of colorectal cancer. T2 - results of a meta-analysis. AU - Wilschut, Janneke A. AU - Habbema, J Dik F. AU - Ramsey, Scott D. AU - Boer, Rob. AU - Looman, Caspar W N. AU - van Ballegooijen, Marjolein. PY - 2010/12. Y1 - 2010/12. N2 - OBJECTIVE: It is unclear to what extent the increased risk of colorectal cancer in individuals with a family history of colorectal cancer and no known genetic disorders is associated with a higher adenoma prevalence. Our aim is to estimate the relative difference in adenoma prevalence and its age-pattern in individuals with a family history of colorectal cancer compared to those without.METHODS: We performed a literature search to identify colonoscopy studies reporting the adenoma prevalence by age. Using multilevel logistic regression, we examined how the adenoma prevalence by age differed between individuals with and without a family history of colorectal cancer. We excluded members of ...
The authors report a clinical case of alveolar adenoma presenting as a solitary pulmonary nodule which was positive to PET and deeply located in the lung. Few cases of alveolar adenomas have been reported in literature; these lesions are considered pulmonary neoplasms with benign behaviour, usually presenting as a peripheral or subpleural coin lesion; the PET activities of such neoplasms were unknown. The present clinical case was singular for the deep location of the nodule and its tight adhesion to left inferior pulmonary vein requiring a lobectomy. In addition, alveolar adenoma PET behaviour has been reported as light positivity.
Introduction Down-regulation of E-cadherin (CDH1) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) are considered critical events for invasion and metastasis of colorectal carcinoma. Here we tested whether the important regulators of E-cadherin expression SNAI1 and TWIST1 are already detectable in human colorectal adenomas. Methods RNA was extracted from a set of randomly selected formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) colorectal adenomas (n = 41) and normal colon mucosa (n = 10). Subsequently mRNA expression of CDH1, CDH2, SNAI1 and TWIST1 was analysed by quantitative RT-PCR analysis. CDH1 as well as SNAI1 protein expression were assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results SNAI1 mRNA was expressed in 78% (n = 32/41), TWIST1 mRNA in 41% (n = 17/41) and CDH2 mRNA in 41% (n = 17/41) of the colorectal adenoma tissue, while normal colon mucosa was negative for these transcription factors. We found a significant correlation between reduced CDH1 and the presence of SNAI1 mRNA expression and for
BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer incidence is rapidly rising in many Asian countries, with rates approaching those of Western countries. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and trends of colorectal adenomas by age, sex, and risk strata in asymptomatic Koreans. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of 19,372 consecutive participants aged 20 to 79 years undergoing screening colonoscopy at the Center for Health Promotion of the Samsung Medical Center in Korea from January 2006 to June 2009. RESULTS: Among participants at average risk, those without a history of colorectal polyps or a family history of colorectal cancer, the prevalence of colorectal adenomas and advanced adenomas were 34.5% and 3.1%, respectively, in men and 20.0% and 1.6%, respectively, in women. The prevalence of adenomas increased with age in both men and women, with a more marked increase for advanced adenoma. Participants with a family history of colorectal cancer or with a history of colorectal polyps had significantly higher ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Estimation of colorectal adenoma recurrence with dependent censoring. AU - Hsu, Chiu Hsieh. AU - Long, Qi. AU - Alberts, David S.. PY - 2009. Y1 - 2009. N2 - Background. Due to early colonoscopy for some participants, interval-censored observations can be introduced into the data of a colorectal polyp prevention trial. The censoring could be dependent of risk of recurrence if the reasons of having early colonoscopy are associated with recurrence. This can complicate estimation of the recurrence rate. Methods. We propose to use midpoint imputation to convert interval-censored data problems to right censored data problems. To adjust for potential dependent censoring, we use information from auxiliary variables to define risk groups to perform the weighted Kaplan-Meier estimation to the midpoint imputed data. The risk groups are defined using two risk scores derived from two working proportional hazards models with the auxiliary variables as the covariates. One is for the recurrence ...
Background: Use of multivitamins may reduce the risk of colorectal adenoma, but the duration of use needed is unclear. Methods: We prospectively examined years of multivitamin use and risk of colorectal adenoma among 43 641 women who had a first endoscopy between 1991 and 2007 in the Nurses Health Study II. Use of multivitamins was assessed through biennial questionnaires since 1989. Results: We documented 2277 colorectal adenoma cases. Reporting multivitamin use at any time during the study period compared with never reporting its use was associated with a reduced risk of adenoma (multivariable relative risk (RR)=0.86, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.76-0.97). There was no clear trend with duration of multivitamin use: years of use compared with never use, ⩽4 years (RR=0.84, 95% CI: 0.74-0.96), 5-9 years (RR=0.89, 95% CI: 0.77, 1.02), 10-14 years (RR=0.86, 95% CI: 0.74, 1.01), 15-19 years (RR=0.85, 95% CI: 0.70, 1.02), and 20-26 years (RR=0.80, 95% CI: 0.64, 1.01); (P trend=0.87). The ...
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of Co-overexpression of DEAD box protein rck/p54 and c-myc protein in human colorectal adenomas and the relevance of their expression in cultured cell lines. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Increased risk of colorectal adenomas in Italian subjects carrying the p53 PIN3 A2-Pro72 haplotype. AU - Perfumo, Chiara. AU - Bonelli, Luigina. AU - Menichini, Paola. AU - Inga, Alberto. AU - Gismondi, Viviana. AU - Ciferri, Enrico. AU - Percivale, Pierluigi. AU - Bianchi Scarrà, Giovanna. AU - Nasti, Sabina. AU - Fronza, Gilberto. AU - Varesco, Liliana. PY - 2007/4. Y1 - 2007/4. N2 - Background: Few reports have investigated the association of two p53 polymorphisms (Arg72Pro and PIN3-A2) with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, and no previous study has analyzed their role as susceptibility alleles for colorectal adenoma. Aim: To explore the impact of the p53 PIN3-Arg72Pro haplotype on colorectal adenoma formation and progression to cancer. Methods: One hundred and eighty-four colorectal tumor patients (124 with adenomas and 60 with adenocarcinoma) and 188 controls (42 subjects with a clean colon, 54 hospital controls and 92 blood donors) from the Italian population were tested for ...
Background: Colorectal adenomas are precursor lesions of colorectal cancer. About 5% of colorectal adenomas are estimated to progress to colorectal cancer (CRC). The currently used histo-pathological characteristics to identify adenomas at risk of malignant progression, i.e. scoring of size ≥ 10mm, villous component or high grade dysplasia, are not sufficiently sensitive and specific and prone to inter-observer variability. Integrating molecular markers reflecting the underlying biology of CRC into the current classification system is expected to better characterize adenomas at high-risk of progression.. Aim: Here we compared the prevalence of genetic changes, in particular DNA copy number changes, between advanced and non-advanced adenomas.. Methods: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 121 patients (mean age 65.4±11.6, 52.9% male) with colorectal adenomas (63 non-advanced adenomas and 58 advanced adenomas) were retrospectively collected from the archives of the department of ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Frequent nuclear accumulation of β-catenin in pituitary adenoma. AU - Semba, Shuho. AU - Han, Shuang Yin. AU - Ikeda, Hidetoshi. AU - Horii, Akira. PY - 2001/1/1. Y1 - 2001/1/1. N2 - BACKGROUND. β-catenin (CTNNB1) is known to be a member of the cadherin-catenin superfamily and to function in cell-cell adhesion. However, it also has been reported that CTNNB1 plays an important role in carcinogenesis. In the current study, the authors observed expression of the CTNNB1 protein in primary pituitary adenomas to investigate the role of CTNNB1 in the development of pituitary adenomas. METHODS. A total of 37 pituitary adenomas were analyzed. Expression of CTNNB1 and the cell proliferation marker Ki-67 were observed immunohistochemically. In addition, the authors performed direct sequencing to detect somatic mutations of exon 3 of the CTNNB1 gene. RESULTS. Twenty-one of 37 pituitary adenomas (57%) demonstrated abnormal nuclear accumulation of CTNNB1. It is interesting to note that ...
Serrated adenomas form a distinct subtype of colorectal pre-malignant lesions that may progress to malignancy along a different molecular pathway than the conventional adenoma-carcinoma pathway. Previous studies have hypothesised that BRAF mutation and promoter hypermethylation plays a role, but the evidence for this is not robust. We aimed to carry out a whole-genome loss of heterozygosity analysis, followed by targeted promoter methylation and expression analysis to identify potential pathways in serrated adenomas. An initial panel of 9 sessile serrated adenomas (SSA) and one TSA were analysed using Illumina Goldengate HumanLinkage panel arrays to ascertain regions of loss of heterozygosity. This was verified via molecular inversion probe analysis and microsatellite analysis of a further 32 samples. Methylation analysis of genes of interest was carried out using methylation specific PCR (verified by pyrosequencing) and immunohistochemistry used to correlate loss of expression of genes of interest. All
The mechanism of prostate adenoma development is not yet fully defined. Despite the popular belief that prostate adenoma is associated with chronic prostatitis, there is no data that would confirm the link between these two diseases. The researchers found no Association between the development of prostate adenoma and alcohol and tobacco use, sexual orientation, sexual activity, and venereal and inflammatory diseases.. There is a pronounced dependence of the frequency of prostate adenoma on the age of the patient. Scientists believe that prostate adenoma develops as a result of hormonal disorders in men with the onset of andropause (male menopause). This theory is supported by the fact that prostate adenoma never affects men who are castrated before puberty and, extremely rarely, men who are castrated after puberty.. There are two groups of symptoms of prostate adenoma:. ...
In this large cross-sectional study of asymptomatic men and women attending a health screening program, among those at average risk of colorectal adenoma we found that 34.5% of men and 20.0% of women had prevalent colorectal adenomas, and 3.1% of men and 1.6% of women had prevalent advanced adenomas. The prevalence of colorectal adenomas and of advanced adenomas increased significantly with age in both men and women, particularly for multiple, larger, and advanced adenomas. The prevalence of adenomas increased annually over the study period in both men and women.. Our estimates of the prevalence of colorectal adenomas are consistent with previous studies based on more selected and smaller screening samples (7, 11). In one study, the prevalence of colorectal adenomas among average risk asymptomatic Koreans 50 years of age or older were 39.9% and 23.0% among men and women, respectively (7), whereas in another study, the prevalence among Korean men 40 to 69 years of age was 36.3% (11). These ...
BACKGROUND & AIMS Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), two important inflammatory cytokines, have been inconsistently associated with risk of colon neoplasia in epidemiological studies. However, research to date has not adequately assessed whether race-specific differences may exist in associations between biomarkers and genetic variants of these cytokines and colorectal adenoma - the precursor lesions of colorectal cancer. We sought to determine whether circulating levels of IL-6 and TNF-α, or genetic polymorphisms in IL-6and TNF-α were associated with colon adenoma and if so, whether that association differed by race. METHODS We analyzed the associations of circulating levels and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IL-6 and TNF-α with risk of colon adenomas in a colonoscopy -based case-control study of 401 incident adenoma cases and 1,050 controls. We used multivariate unconditional logistic regression models to estimate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence
TY - JOUR. T1 - Risk stratification of individuals with low-risk colorectal adenomas using clinical characteristics. T2 - A pooled analysis. AU - Gupta, Samir. AU - Jacobs, Elizabeth T.. AU - Baron, John A.. AU - Lieberman, David. AU - Murphy, Gwen. AU - Ladabaum, Uri. AU - Cross, Amanda J.. AU - Jover, Rodrigo. AU - Liu, Lin. AU - Martinez, Maria Elena. PY - 2017/3/1. Y1 - 2017/3/1. N2 - Objective For individuals with 1-2 small (,1 cm) low-risk colorectal adenomas, international guidelines range from no surveillance to offering surveillance colonoscopy in 5-10 years. We hypothesised that the risks for metachronous advanced neoplasia (AN) among patients with low-risk adenomas differ based on clinical factors distinct from those currently used. Design We pooled data from seven prospective studies to assess the risk of metachronous AN. Two groups with 1-2 small adenomas were defined based on guidelines from the UK (n=4516) or the European Union (EU)/US (n=2477). Results Absolute risk of ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - CT and ultrasound features of metanephric adenoma in adults with pathologic correlation. AU - Fielding, Julia R.. AU - Visweswaran, Aparna. AU - Silverman, Stuart G.. AU - Granter, Scott R.. AU - Renshaw, Andrew A.. PY - 1999/5/1. Y1 - 1999/5/1. N2 - Purpose: The purpose of this work was to correlate the CT, ultrasound, and pathologic features of metanephric adenoma, a rare benign renal tumor in adults. Method: Retrospective review of medical records (1990-1997) revealed three adult female patients who had both preoperative imaging and nephrectomy with pathologic diagnosis of metanephric adenoma performed at our institution. CT (n = 3) and ultrasound (n = 2) features were reviewed in consensus by two radiologists and correlated with pathologic findings. Results: In all three cases, the metanephric adenoma was of increased attenuation relative to adjacent renal parenchyma on unenhanced CT scans. No septa or calcifications were seen. Ultrasound images showed both tumors to be ...
Obesity is a known risk factor for colon cancer and higher body mass index (BMI) has been associated with colorectal adenomas, which are precursor lesions to most colorectal cancers. Polymorphisms in the fat-mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene have been associated with BMI and larger effects in older versus younger children have been reported. However, no studies have examined associations between FTO polymorphisms, BMI throughout adulthood and colorectal adenomas. Therefore, we evaluated associations between FTO polymorphisms (rs1421085, rs17817449, rs8050136, rs9939609, rs8044769), adult BMI (at recruitment, 50s, 40s, 30s, 20s age decades) and colorectal adenomas in 759 Caucasians and 469 African-Americans. We found that the highest versus the lowest BMI tertile at recruitment [odds ratio (OR) = 1.82; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07-2.16] and in the 30s (OR = 1.50; 95% CI: 1.04-2.15) was associated with higher adenoma risk. Stratification by ethnicity revealed that these associations ...
RESULTS. VEGF121 and VEGF165 were expressed in 65 % and 75% respectively of the adenomas and the level of this expression varied greatly. There was no correlation between expression of the two receptors or between VEGF expression and adenoma type. Only two adenomas didnt express any VEGF. VEGF-R1 and VEGF-R2 were expressed in 35 % and 25 % respectively of the adenomas and the level of this expression again varied greatly. There was no correlation between receptor expression and VEGF expression, or receptor expression and adenoma type. 55 % of the adenomas didnt express any receptor. Only one adenoma was found not to express any VEGF or receptor ...
The team performed a case-control study in 18 endoscopic units of French nonuniversity hospitals.. A colonoscopy was offered to first-degree relatives of 306 index cases with adenomas of 10 mm if they were alive, aged 40 to 75 years.. Among them, 168 were examined and matched for age, sex, and geographical area with 307 controls.. Controls were randomly selected from 1362 consecutive patients aged 40 to 75 years having undergone a colonoscopy for minor symptoms.. The researchers found the prevalence of large adenomas and cancers was 8% and 4%, in relatives and controls, respectively.. Odds ratios associated with a history of large adenomas in relatives were 2.3 with cancers or large adenomas, 1.2 for small adenomas, and 1.6 for all colorectal neoplasia.. The team found the risk of large adenomas and cancers was higher in relatives of index cases younger than 60 years.. In addition, the research team noted that the risk of large adenomas and cancers was higher when the index case had large distal ...
Colorectal cancer screening is recommended for average-risk persons beginning at age 50. A family history of colorectal cancer is recognized as a risk factor for colorectal adenoma. However, the strength of this association is uncertain. Current guidelines for initiating screening colonoscopies in patients younger than 50 years of age who have a first relative history of colorectal cancer have proved controversial. The conflicting recommendations are partly attributable to the lack of data about the prevalence of CRC and adenomas among 30- to 49-year-old individuals with a first relative history of colorectal cancer. This prospective study will quantify the prevalence of adenomas (any size) and advanced adenomas among 30- to 49-year-old individuals undergoing their first screening colonoscopy because of a first relative history of colorectal cancer and compare the data with controls(asymptomatic subjects without a first relative history of colorectal cancer ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Subepithelial myofibroblasts express cyclooxygenase-2 in colorectal tubular adenomas. AU - Adegboyega, Patrick A.. AU - Ololade, Omiyosoye. AU - Saada, Jamal. AU - Mifflin, Randy. AU - Di Mari, John F.. AU - Powell, Don W.. PY - 2004/9/1. Y1 - 2004/9/1. N2 - Purpose: Recent data support the hypothesis that the inducible isoform of cyclooxygenase (COX-2) plays a role in the early stages of colonic carcinogenesis and that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) retard the development of colon cancer by modulating COX-2. However, the cell types responsible for producing COX-2 in colorectal adenomas remain a subject of controversy. Experimental Design: COX-2 expression in normal colonic mucosa (n = 50), hyperplastic polyps (n = 43), sporadic adenomas (n = 67), and invasive colonic adenocarcinoma (n = 39) was studied in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue sections from endoscopy biopsy and colonic resection specimens. Immunohistochemistry (avidin-biotin complex technique ...
They recorded the characteristics of any adenomas using standardized protocol. Characteristics were recorded at baseline and at 3 years.. The main outcomes measured by the team were the 3-year overall recurrence, recurrence of multiple and advanced adenomas, and proximal and distal recurrence.. The researchers observed a 3-year recurrence 22% of patients. More than 50% had recurrent adenomas on the proximal colon. After adjustment, the team found that the number of adenomas and their proximal location at baseline were the main predictors of recurrence. When compared with patients who had 1 or 2 adenomas on the distal colon, patients with ≥3 adenomas with at least one of these on the proximal colon had a greater risk of overall recurrence (5.3). These patients also had a greater risk of proximal recurrence (8.5), and advanced adenoma recurrence (5.5).. Dr Bonithon-Kopps team concluded, Follow-up colonoscopies in patients with adenomas should include careful examination of the proximal colon. ...
Pituitary adenomas are tumors that occur in the pituitary gland divided in three categories: benign adenoma, invasive adenoma, or carcinomas. Pituitary adenomas are tumors that occur in the pituitary gland. They are generally divided into three categories dependent upon their biological functioning: benign adenoma, invasive adenoma, or carcinomas, with carcinomas accounting for 0.1% to 0.2%, approximately. Read More…. Read More.... ...
NADP(H):quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and microsomal epoxide hydrolase (EPHX1, also mEH) are attractive candidate enzymes for association with colorectal neoplasia because they metabolize a number of compounds including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) that have been linked with colorectal carcinogenesis. We examined the relationship between NQO1C609T, mEH3, mEH4 and risk of sporadic distal colorectal adenomas in one of the largest case-control studies of 946 polyp-free controls and 894 cases, all participants of the UK Flexible Sigmoidoscopy Screening (UKFSS) Trial. The polymorphisms were examined as independent risk factors and evidence for interaction with smoking and alcoholic drinks was sought. The NQO1 609*T allele was positively associated with high-risk adenoma in this population [odds ratio (OR), 1.36; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02-1.83]. Elevated risk estimates were seen in smokers independently of the genotype but the association was stronger among current smokers with ...
Če se ne sprejmejo terapevtski ukrepi, se pri bolnikih z adenomi prostate lahko razvije kronična ledvična odpoved. Pri adenoma prostate se včasih razvije akutno zadrževanje urinov. Pacient ne more urinirati, ko je mehur je poln, kljub intenzivni želji. Za odpravo zadrževanja sečnice se pri moških kateterizira mehur, včasih pa je nujna operacija ali prebadanje mehurja.. Še en zaplet pri adenoma prostate je hematurija. Pri številnih bolnikih je opaziti mikroekemurozo, vendar se pojavijo tudi pogoste intenzivne krvavitve iz tkiva adenoma (v primeru poškodb zaradi manipulacije) ali krčne žile na območju vratu mehurja. S tvorjenjem strdkov je mogoče razviti tamponado mehurja, v katerem je nujna kirurgija potrebna. Pogosto vzrok krvavitve v adenoma prostate postane diagnostična ali terapevtska kateterizacija.. Kamni mehurja pri adenoma prostate lahko nastanejo zaradi stoječega urin ali migrirajo iz ledvic in sečil. Pri cistolitiaziji se klinična slika adenoma prostate dopolnjuje s ...
Zdravljenje adenoma prostate z repom. Kljub očitnemu napredku pri zdravljenju adenoma prostate, tradicionalne medicine, so metode, uporabljene za zdravljenje te bolezni pred stoletjem, še vedno pomembne. Takšno zdravljenje adenoma prostate z ljudskimi zdravili je zelo učinkovito, zato bo rezultat opazen hitro. Sončnična semena. Priporočljivo je, da jedo suho (vendar ne ocvrto) bučno seme. Pred uporabo je treba izdelek očistiti iz trde lupine, zelena folija pa mora ostati. Vzemite to sredstvo priporočljivo za gramov na dan za mesec. ljudsko zdravljenje. Ali se adenoma zdravi brez prizadevanj pacienta in kakšne so možne posledice, na recepciji zdravnik vsakemu posamezniku pojasni posamezno. Sprememba načina. Bolniki z adenoma prostate so večinoma starejši od 50 let. Pogosteje so moški s prekomerno težo, ki se ne želijo omejiti v hrani, preživeti čas na televiziji. Pri ljudskih metodah je bilo zdravljenje s čebelasto poddomenom adenoma prostate pridobljeno z obsežnim obsegom. ...
Medical information, Adenoma - secreting. Definition of Adenoma - secreting, symptoms of Adenoma - secreting, treatment of Adenoma - secreting, and prevention of Adenoma - secreting. Exams and Tests Adenoma - secreting.
Among women at high risk for cardiovascular disease, daily supplementation with a combination of folic acid, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 did not affect the risk of colorectal adenoma, a post hoc analy
Incidence of colorectal lesions with respect to high grade dysplasia, adenomas with villous features, adenomas 1 cm or greater, multiple adenomas, polyps ,/= 0.3 cm, total advanced colorectal events (defined as the number of patients with at least one high risk adenoma, 2nd primary colorectal cancer, colorectal cancer recurrence, or metastasis) or total colorectal cancer events (defined as the number of patients with at least one advanced colorectal event or polyp)at 3 years and 8 years ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Novel patterns of gene expression in pituitary adenomas identified by complementary deoxyribonucleic acid microarrays and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. AU - Evans, Chheng Orn. AU - Young, Andrew N.. AU - Brown, Milton R.. AU - Brat, Daniel J.. AU - Parks, John S.. AU - Neish, Andrew S.. AU - Oyesiku, Nelson M.. PY - 2001. Y1 - 2001. N2 - Pituitary adenomas account for approximately 10% of intracranial tumors, but little is known of the oncogenesis of these tumors. The identification of tumor-specific genes may further elucidate the pathways of tumor formation. We used complementary DNA microarrays to examine gene expression profiles in nonfunctioning, PRL, GH, and ACTH secreting adenomas, compared with normal pituitary. Microarray analysis showed that 128 of 7075 genes examined were differentially expressed. We then analyzed three genes with unique expression patterns and oncogenic importance by RT-real time quantitative PCR in 37 pituitaries. ...
The majority of people with adrenal adenomas will have no symptoms and the growths will only be discovered during a MRI or CT completed for other reasons. These non-functioning adrenal adenomas do not require follow up treatment.. Functional adrenal adenomas will increase hormones made in the adrenal gland.. ...
Background: The transition from normal epithelium to adenoma and, to invasive carcinoma in the human colon is associated with acquired molecular events taking 5-10 years for malignant transformation. We discovered CCAT1, a non-coding RNA over-expressed in colon cancer (CC), but not in normal tissues, thereby making it a potential disease-specific biomarker. We aimed to define and validate CCAT1 as a CC-specific biomarker, and to study CCAT1 expression across the adenoma-carcinoma sequence of CC tumorigenesis.Methods: Tissue samples were obtained from patients undergoing resection for colonic adenoma(s) or carcinoma. Normal colonic tissue (n = 10), adenomatous polyps (n = 18), primary tumor tissue (n = 22), normal mucosa adjacent to primary tumor (n = 16), and lymph node(s) (n = 20), liver (n = 8), and peritoneal metastases (n = 19) were studied. RNA was extracted from all tissue samples, and CCAT1 expression was analyzed using quantitative real time-PCR (qRT-PCR) with confirmatory in-situ ...
Da bi zmanjšali te zaplete po odstranitvi adenoma zdravniki prostate spremenjeno sestavo raztopine, izboljšanje medicinske opreme, prilagojene tehniko operacije. Po statističnih podatkih se takšne posledice pojavljajo z rednostjo približno 0,1 - 6,5%. težave uriniranje. Po odstranitvi adenoma prostate se nekaj časa ohranja erektilna funkcija. Težavo odpravite na več načinov: Uporaba inhibitorjev fosfodiesteraze-5 (iFDE-5) 30 dni po operaciji. Ti vključujejo: sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil. Ta metoda se izvaja, da se prepreči rast vezivnega tkiva in pojav brazgotin.Če ste pred operacijo imeli težave z močjo, potem je lahko po resnih težavah z erekcijo. Da bi se moško spolno življenje vrnilo v normalno stanje po odstranitvi prostate, Odstranitev adenoma prostate - kakšne so posledice operacije? Vadba po odstranitvi raka prostate bolečina v povečanje spolne moči in Prostatitis in njen vpliv na partnerja zdravljenje adenoma problemi z erekcijo forum. Kirurgija za adenoma ...
Pri moškem v 72 letih je prišlo do adenoma prostate. Obrnil se je k zdravniku, ko je bila bolezen že v zanemarjeni obliki, brez katetra pa ni bilo mogoče izprazniti mehurja. Takoj je ponudil operacijo za odstranitev adenoma, se je strinjal, odšel v bolnišnico, a ko sem videl post-kirurške bolnike, prestrašeni, izkazalo, da je z operacijo in je bil zaključen domov s katetrom. Po nasvetu urologu začel zdravljenje adenoma folk pravna sredstva: prvi dan posta mora jesti 0,5 skodelice orehov, v drugem - pol skodelice sončničnih semen, tretji dan od povprečja žarnice. Nadaljevati to zdravljenje prostate za tri mesece.. Moški je to zdravilo uporabljal in adenoma je izginila, a ker je imel nezdrav način življenja, se je nekaj let kasneje ponovno pojavil. Potem se je odločil, da bi adenoma zdravil z magnetom. Kupil je biokorrektorja iz podjetja Nevoton, vendar je bil učinek zdravljenja majhen. Potem je po mnenju zdravnika moški večkrat vzel magnet - od zvočnika radia. Poleg adenomom ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Much of the genetic risk of colorectal cancer is likely to be mediated through susceptibility to adenomas. AU - Carvajal-Carmona, Luis. AU - Zauber, Ann G.. AU - Jones, Angela M.. AU - Howarth, Kimberley. AU - Wang, Jiping. AU - Cheng, Timothy. AU - Riddell, Robert. AU - Lanas, Angel. AU - Morton, Dion. AU - Bertagnolli, Monica M.. AU - Tomlinson, Ian. PY - 2013/1. Y1 - 2013/1. N2 - Several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) susceptibility. Most CRCs arise from adenomas, and SNPs therefore might affect predisposition to CRC by increasing adenoma risk. We found that 8 of 18 known CRC-associated SNPs (rs10936599, rs6983267, rs10795668, rs3802842, rs4444235, rs1957636, rs4939827, and rs961253) were over-represented in CRC-free patients with adenomas, compared with controls. Ten other CRC-associated SNPs (rs6691170, rs6687758, rs16892766, rs7136702, rs11169552, rs4779584, rs9929218, rs10411210, rs4813802, and rs4925386) were not ...
• Benign adenomas in the colon increased slightly in participants using statins. • Preliminary data suggesting statins may prevent colorectal cancer were not supported by this secondary analysis. WASHINGTON, D.C. - Statins did not protect patients against colorectal adenomas, which are benign precursors of colorectal cancer, according to results of a secondary analysis of the…
This study investigated quantitated expression of dopamine 2 receptor (D2R) and somatostatin receptors of the five types (SSTR1-SSTR5) in a large series of clinically non-functioning pituitary adenomas (CNFAs). Co-expression of these receptors in individual adenomas was studied as well as correlation between receptor types. Adenoma tissue from 198 patients who underwent surgery for CNFAs was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR. D2R and SSTR1-3 mRNA was expressed in all 198 adenomas. SSTR4 and SSTR5 were detectable in 85 % and 61 % of adenomas, respectively. Expression of D2R was significantly higher than that of the somatostatin receptors. The median relative expressions were as follows from highest D2R || SSTR3 | SSTR2 | SSTR1 | SSTR5 | SSTR4. High relative expression (ratio to beta-glucuronidase mRNA | 1) of D2R was found in 60 % of tumors, high expression of SSTR1 in 7.5 %, SSTR2 in 7 %, SSTR3 in 4 % and SSTR5 in 0.5 %. The quantity of D2R correlated positively with
Objectives: It is known that patients with pituitary adenomas, especially acromegaly, frequently suffer from pain syndromes such as headache and arthralgia. Whether pain exists and to what extent in Cushing s disease (CD), reflecting chronic cortisol excess, is not clear. We hypothesized that pain patterns should be also altered and investigated pain laterisation, clinical characteristics, phenotypes as well as underlying predictors.. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, we assessed 50 patients with CD and compared them to 60 patients with non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPA). Specific pain patterns were measured using three standardized pain questionnaires, MIDAS (Migraine Disability Assessment), the painDETECT and the DGSS (German Society for the Study of Pain) questionnaire.. Results: According to the DGSS questionnaire, patients with CD complained significantly more often of any sort of pain (76.0 versus 51.7%; P=0.010) compared to patients with NFPA. In the MIDAS headache ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - RNF43 Is an Early and Specific Mutated Gene in the Serrated Pathway, With Increased Frequency in Traditional Serrated Adenoma and Its Associated Malignancy. AU - Tsai, Jia Huei. AU - Liau, Jau Yu. AU - Yuan, Chang Tsu. AU - Lin, Yu Lin. AU - Tseng, Li Hui. AU - Cheng, Mei Ling. AU - Jeng, Yung Ming. PY - 2016/6/14. Y1 - 2016/6/14. N2 - RNF43 is an E3 ligase that suppresses the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and is frequently mutated in microsatellite-unstable colorectal carcinoma. To investigate the pathogenetic role of RNF43 in the serrated pathway, we conducted mutation analysis of RNF43 in several types of colorectal neoplasms. RNF43 mutation was found in 2 of 20 (10%) sessile serrated adenomas, 10 of 36 (28%) traditional serrated adenomas, 7 of 37 (19%) traditional serrated adenomas with cytologic dysplasia, and 9 of 31 (29%) BRAF-mutated/microsatellite-stable colorectal carcinomas; however, no mutation was found in 30 tubulovillous/villous adenomas. All mutations were ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - COX-2 expression in sporadic colorectal adenomatous polyps is linked to adenoma characteristics. AU - McLean, M. H.. AU - Murray, G. I.. AU - Fyfe, N.. AU - Hold, G. L.. AU - Mowat, N. A. G.. AU - El-Omar, E. M.. PY - 2008/6. Y1 - 2008/6. N2 - Aims: To assess cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in sporadic colonic adenomas and to explore the association of COX-2 positivity with adenoma characteristics linked to increased risk of malignant transformation.Methods and results: COX-2 expression and localization were assessed in 64 colorectal adenomas and 35 paired adjacent normal colonic mucosal biopsy specimens. The number of adenoma specimens was then extended to include polyps exhibiting an increasing degree of epithelial dysplasia. Forty colonic hyperplastic polyps were also identified from the pathology diagnostic database and included in the analysis. Immunohistochemistry was performed with the Envision+(TM) peroxidase-linked biotin-free system incorporating a signal ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Axis-specific analysis and predictors of endocrine recovery and deficits for non-functioning pituitary adenomas undergoing endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery. AU - Hwang, Jenie Y.. AU - Aum, Diane J.. AU - Chicoine, Michael R.. AU - Dacey, Ralph G.. AU - Osbun, Joshua W.. AU - Rich, Keith M.. AU - Zipfel, Gregory J.. AU - Klatt-Cromwell, Cristine N.. AU - McJunkin, Jonathan L.. AU - Pipkorn, Patrik. AU - Schneider, John S.. AU - Silverstein, Julie M.. AU - Kim, Albert H.. N1 - Funding Information: AHK is a consultant for Monteris Medical and has received research grants from Monteris Medical and Stryker, regarding a clinical outcomes study for a dural substitute, which has no direct relation to this study. JMS is a primary investigator for clinical studies with Chiasma, Corcept, and StrongBridge, none of which has direct relation to this study. CKC is a consultant for Medtronitcs, which has no direct relation to this study. JSS is a consultant for Medtronics, Olympus, Optinose, ...
OBJECTIVE: BRAF is an oncogene that is commonly mutated in both melanomas and papillary thyroid carcinomas, usually at position V600E that leads to constitutive activity in the Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. We speculated that this same gene may be either mutated at this site, or overexpressed, in pituitary adenomas. DESIGN AND MEASUREMENTS: We sequenced 37 pituitary adenomas for a mutation at the V600E position. In addition, we investigated B-Raf mRNA expression in normal pituitary (n = 5) and nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPA) (n = 6) by semiquantitative PCR, and in a further 27 pituitary adenomas of various types and 10 normal pituitaries using real-time quantitative PCR. Finally, we explored B-Raf protein expression in 10 normal pituitaries and 12 NFPAs. RESULTS: No sequence mutations for the substitution V600E were identified. B-Raf mRNA was overexpressed in pituitary adenomas compared to normal pituitary, and this was entirely due to overexpression in NFPAs. ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Immunohistochemical Studies of Chromogranins (A and C) in Pituitary Adenomas. AU - Oda, K.. AU - Inada, K.. AU - Osamura, R. Y.. PY - 1991. Y1 - 1991. N2 - Expression of Chromogranin A and C was examined immunohistochemically on 4S surgically obtained pituitary adenomas. Positive rate of chromogranin A was 40.0% and chromogranin C was positive in 8.0% of 4S pituitary adenomas. Chromogranin A was expressed frequently in adenomas in which at least one of the FSH alpha, FSH beta, LH beta and TSH beta subunits was positive. It also expressed frequently in non-functioning adenomas. The positive rate of chromogranin A was low in GH or PRL positive adenomas. These findings suggest that chromogranin could be a parameter of the functional differentiation of the pituitary adenomas.. AB - Expression of Chromogranin A and C was examined immunohistochemically on 4S surgically obtained pituitary adenomas. Positive rate of chromogranin A was 40.0% and chromogranin C was positive in 8.0% of 4S ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Methionine Synthase D919G Polymorphism, Folate Metabolism, and Colorectal Adenoma Risk. AU - Goode, Ellen L.. AU - Potter, John D.. AU - Bigler, Jeannette. AU - Ulrich, Cornelia M.. PY - 2004/1/1. Y1 - 2004/1/1. N2 - Methionine synthase [5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine S-methyltransferase (MTR)] is involved in folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism, a pathway known to play a role in colorectal carcinogenesis. We investigated whether the MTR D919G polymorphism was associated with risk of colorectal adenoma in a colonoseopy-based study of 513 cases and 609 controls from Minneapolis, MN. Adenoma risk appeared nonsignificantly increased among women with DG or GG genotype [adjusted odds ratio (OR) versus DD, 1.4; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.9-2.1] but not men (OR, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.7-1.5). An interaction with methionine intake was observed among women, such that low versus high intake was associated with a 2.3-fold increased risk only among those with DG or GG genotype (95% CI, ...
Human pituitary tumors are generally benign adenomas causing considerable morbidity due to excess hormone secretion, hypopituitarism, and other tumor mass effects. Pituitary tumors are highly heterogeneous and difficult to type, often containing mixed cell phenotypes. We have used calcium imaging followed by multiple immunocytochemistry to type growth hormone secreting (GHomas) and non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs). Individual cells were typed for stored hormones and calcium responses to classic hypothalamic releasing hormones (HRHs). We found that GHomas contained growth hormone cells either lacking responses to HRHs or responding to all four HRHs. However, most GHoma cells were polyhormonal cells responsive to both thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and GH-releasing hormone. NFPAs were also highly heterogeneous. Some of them contained ACTH cells lacking responses to HRHs or polyhormonal gonadotropes responsive to LHRH and TRH. However, most NFPAs were made of cells storing no hormone and
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Conventional MR imaging with contrast-enhanced T1WI and arterial spin-labeled perfusion imaging were performed before surgery in 11 consecutive patients with nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenomas. ROIs were drawn on the tumors, and the degrees of enhancement were calculated by dividing the signal intensity on the contrast-enhanced T1WI by that on the nonenhanced TIWI. As an index of tumor perfusion, a quantitative analysis was performed by using normalized tumor blood flow values calculated by dividing the mean value of the tumor region of interest by the mean region of interest values in the 2 cerebellar hemispheres. The relative microvessel attenuation was determined as the total microvessel wall area divided by the entire tissue area on CD-31-stained specimens. The degree of enhancement and the normalized tumor blood flow values were compared with relative microvessel attenuation. Additionally, intra- and postoperative tumor hemorrhages were visually graded.. ...
CONTEXT: Genetic abnormalities, such as those of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) and Cyclin D1 (CCND1) genes, occur in |50% of nonhereditary (sporadic) parathyroid adenomas. OBJECTIVE: To identify genetic abnormalities in nonhereditary parathyroid adenomas by whole-exome sequence analysis. DESIGN: Whole-exome sequence analysis was performed on parathyroid adenomas and leukocyte DNA samples from 16 postmenopausal women without a family history of parathyroid tumors or MEN1 and in whom primary hyperparathyroidism due to single-gland disease was cured by surgery. Somatic variants confirmed in this discovery set were assessed in 24 other parathyroid adenomas. RESULTS: Over 90% of targeted exons were captured and represented by more than 10 base reads. Analysis identified 212 somatic variants (median eight per tumor; range, 2-110), with the majority being heterozygous nonsynonymous single-nucleotide variants that predicted missense amino acid substitutions. Somatic MEN1 mutations occurred in six
Somatotroph adenomas secrete supraphysiological amounts of GH, causing acromegaly. We have previously hypothesized that epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) may play a central role in the progression of these adenomas and that epithelial splicing regulator 1 (ESRP1) may function prominently as a master regulator of the EMT process in pituitary adenomas causing acromegaly. To further elucidate the role of ESRP1 in somatotroph adenomas and in EMT progression, we used RNA sequencing (RNAseq) to sequence somatotroph adenomas characterized by high and low ESRP1 levels. Transcripts identified by RNAseq were analyzed in 65 somatotroph adenomas and in GH-producing pituitary rat cells with a specific knockdown of Esrp1. The clinical importance of the transcripts was further investigated by correlating mRNA expression levels with clinical indices of disease activity and treatment response. Many of the transcripts and isoforms identified by RNAseq and verified by quantitative PCR were involved in ...
Most patients with pituitary adenomas present with signs and symptoms of hormone hypersecretion (eg, hyperprolactinemia, growth hormone [GH] excess, or hypercortisolism). However, 25 to 30 percent of pituitary adenomas are clinically nonfunctioning o
Looking for online definition of acidophile pituitary adenoma in the Medical Dictionary? acidophile pituitary adenoma explanation free. What is acidophile pituitary adenoma? Meaning of acidophile pituitary adenoma medical term. What does acidophile pituitary adenoma mean?
The histopathology of 12 patients with adenoma of the ampulla of Vater was examined to trace the adenoma-carcinoma sequence of the ampulla of Vater. Immunohistochemistry for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 was also performed. Four large adenomas with mild dysplasia also had foci of moderate dysplasia while another one contained foci of severe dysplasia (intramucosal carcinoma). Immunohistochemically, adenomas of mild to moderate dysplasia had either linear CEA and CA19-9 immunoreactants at the apical portions, or fine granular immunoreactants in the cytoplasm of adenoma cells. In addition, adenomas of severe dysplasia (intramucosal carcinoma) showed a more diffuse or dense immunoreactivity for these two substances in the cytoplasm. These results are consistent with the adenoma-carcinoma sequence for the ampulla of Vater. The immunohistochemistry for CEA and CA19-9 was representative of the degree of dysplasia in the adenoma cells, but the relationship was not ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Frequent GNAS and KRAS mutations in pyloric gland adenoma of the stomach and duodenum. AU - Matsubara, Akiko. AU - Sekine, Shigeki. AU - Kushima, Ryoji. AU - Ogawa, Reiko. AU - Taniguchi, Hirokazu. AU - Tsuda, Hitoshi. AU - Kanai, Yae. PY - 2013/3. Y1 - 2013/3. N2 - Gastric and duodenal adenomas exhibit a significant morphological and phenotypical diversity and are classified into intestinal-type, foveolar-type and pyloric gland adenomas. We analysed the mutations in GNAS, KRAS, BRAF and CTNNB1 and the expressions of mismatch repair (MMR) proteins in 80 gastric and 32 duodenal adenomas with histologically distinct subtypes, as well as in 71 gastric adenocarcinomas. Activating GNAS mutations were found in 22 of the 35 pyloric gland adenomas (PGAs; 63%) but in none of the foveolar-type or intestinal-type adenomas or the adenocarcinomas. Fourteen PGAs (41%), two foveolar-type adenomas (9%), five intestinal-type adenomas (9%) and one adenocarcinoma (1%) had KRAS mutations. BRAF ...
Light bodies are large cytoplasmic granules originally described in the gonadotrophic cells of the rat pituitary gland. In order to determine whether similar bodies occur in the human anterior pituitary gland, 89 pituitary adenomas and periadenomatous tissue from 20 cases were examined by transmission electron microscopy. Double membrane bound bodies with filamentous internal structure identical to rodent light bodies were identified in 10 hormone-producing adenomas: 5 PRL, 1 PRL-GH, 2 GH, and 2 ACTH-producing tumours. No light bodies were found in the remaining 79 tumours nor in the pituitary cells in periadenomatous tissue from 20 cases. These results show that some human pituitary adenomas may contain light bodies identical to those seen in gonadotrophs of rat pituitary ...
Background and aims: Colonoscopy is an established method of colorectal cancer screening, but has an adenoma miss rate of 10-20%. Detection rates are expected to improve with optimised visualisation methods. This prospective randomised study evaluated narrow-band imaging (NBI), a new technique that may enhance image contrast in colon adenoma detection.. Methods: Eligible patients presenting for diagnostic colonoscopy were randomly assigned to undergo wide-angle colonoscopy using either conventional high-resolution imaging or NBI during instrument withdrawal. The primary outcome parameter was the difference in the adenoma detection rate between the two techniques.. Results: A total of 401 patients were included (mean age 59.4 years, 52.6% men). Adenomas were detected more frequently in the NBI group (23%) than in the control group (17%) with a number of 17 colonoscopies needed to find one additional adenoma patient; however, the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.129). When the ...
CONTEXT: Pituitary adenomas and pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas (pheo/PGL) can occur in the same patient or in the same family. Coexistence of the two diseases could be due to either a common pathogenic mechanism or a coincidence. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the investigation was to study the possible coexistence of pituitary adenoma and pheo/PGL. DESIGN: Thirty-nine cases of sporadic or familial pheo/PGL and pituitary adenomas were investigated. Known pheo/PGL genes (SDHA-D, SDHAF2, RET, VHL, TMEM127, MAX, FH) and pituitary adenoma genes (MEN1, AIP, CDKN1B) were sequenced using next generation or Sanger sequencing. Loss of heterozygosity study and pathological studies were performed on the available tumor samples. SETTING: The study was conducted at university hospitals. PATIENTS: Thirty-nine patients with sporadic of familial pituitary adenoma and pheo/PGL participated in the study. OUTCOME: Outcomes included genetic screening and clinical characteristics. RESULTS: Eleven germline mutations (five
Pituitary adenomas account for up to 15% of intracranial masses with the most common subtypes being prolactinomas and non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPA).
TY - JOUR. T1 - C-reactive protein and colorectal adenomas. T2 - Self Defense Forces Health Study. AU - Otake, Toshie. AU - Uezono, Kousaku. AU - Takahashi, Ryota. AU - Fukumoto, Jin. AU - Tabata, Shinji. AU - Abe, Hiroshi. AU - Tajima, Osamu. AU - Mizoue, Tetsuya. AU - Ohnaka, Keizo. AU - Kono, Suminori. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2009. Y1 - 2009. N2 - Chronic inflammation has been implicated in colorectal carcinogenesis. Several studies have investigated the relationship between C-reactive protein (CRP), a biomarker of inflammation, and colorectal cancer and adenomas, resulting in inconsistent findings. The present study examined the relationship between circulating levels of high-sensitivity CRP and colorectal adenomas. The study subjects comprised 646 cases of colorectal adenoma and 635 controls of normal total colonoscopy among men receiving a preretirement health examination at two hospitals of the Self Defense Forces. Statistical adjustment ...
in Endocrine-Related Cancer (2011). Mutations of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein (AIP) gene are associated with pituitary adenomas that usually occur as familial isolated pituitary adenomas (FIPA). Detailed pathological ... [more ▼]. Mutations of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein (AIP) gene are associated with pituitary adenomas that usually occur as familial isolated pituitary adenomas (FIPA). Detailed pathological and tumor genetic data on AIP mutation-related pituitary adenomas are scarce. Non-identical twin females presented as adolescents to the emergency department with severe progressive headaches caused by large pituitary macroadenomas requiring emergency neurosurgery; one patient had incipient pituitary apoplexy. Post-surgically the patients were found to have silent somatotrope adenomas on pathological examination. Furthermore, the light microscopic, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic studies demonstrated tumors of virtually identical ...
A form of pituitary adenoma, a neoplasm of the pituitary gland and one of the most common neuroendocrine tumors. Pituitary adenomas are clinically classified as functional and non-functional tumors, and manifest with a variety of features, including local invasion of surrounding structures and excessive hormone secretion. Functional pituitary adenomas are further classified by the type of hormone they secrete: growth hormone (GH)-secreting, prolactin (PRL)-secreting, adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)-secreting, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)-secreting, and plurihormonal (GH and TSH) tumors. Familial and sporadic forms have been reported. The transmission pattern of familial PITA5 is consistent with autosomal dominant inheritance with reduced penetrance ...
A form of pituitary adenoma, a neoplasm of the pituitary gland and one of the most common neuroendocrine tumors. Pituitary adenomas are clinically classified as functional and non-functional tumors, and manifest with a variety of features, including local invasion of surrounding structures and excessive hormone secretion. Functional pituitary adenomas are further classified by the type of hormone they secrete: growth hormone (GH)-secreting, prolactin (PRL)-secreting, adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)-secreting, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)-secreting, and plurihormonal (GH and TSH) tumors. Familial and sporadic forms have been reported ...
in Endocrine Reviews (2013). Pituitary adenomas are one of the most frequent intracranial tumors and occur with a prevalence of approximately 1:1000 in the developed world. Pituitary adenomas have a serious disease burden, and their ... [more ▼]. Pituitary adenomas are one of the most frequent intracranial tumors and occur with a prevalence of approximately 1:1000 in the developed world. Pituitary adenomas have a serious disease burden, and their management involves neurosurgery, biological therapies, and radiotherapy. Early diagnosis of pituitary tumors while they are smaller may help increase cure rates. Few genetic predictors of pituitary adenoma development exist. Recent years have seen two separate, complimentary advances in inherited pituitary tumor research. The clinical condition of familial isolated pituitary adenomas (FIPA) has been described, which encompasses the familial occurrence of isolated pituitary adenomas outside of the setting of syndromic conditions like multiple ...
Growth hormone-producing adenoma definition at Dictionary.com, a free online dictionary with pronunciation, synonyms and translation. Look it up now!
CONTEXT: Appropriate cell-to-cell adhesion is fundamental for the epithelial phenotype of pituitary cells. Loss of the adhesion protein E-cadherin has been associated with invasiveness, metastasis, and poor prognosis in cancers of epithelial origin. In somatotroph adenomas, a variable and reduced expression of E-cadherin has been demonstrated. In addition, nuclear translocation of E-cadherin was found to correlate with pituitary tumor invasion.. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to examine the protein expression of E-cadherin in somatotroph pituitary adenomas in relation to adenoma size, invasiveness, and somatostatin analog (SMS) efficacy.. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eighty-three patients were included, and 29 were treated preoperatively with SMS. Adenoma E-cadherin protein expression was analyzed by Western blot (61 patients) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) (80 patients) with antibodies directed against both extracellular and intracellular domains (IHC). The acute (direct surgery group) and long-term ...
1.Pituitary adenomas are benign and slow-growing tumours whose clinical manifestations depend mainly on the secretory activity of the adenomatous cells. Except for prolactinomas, surgical removal of the tumour is the therapy of choice.. 2.Despite extensive research on their clinical and pathophysiological aspects, few studies have explored the oncological characteristics of these rare lesions. Among these, the growth fraction of pituitary adenomas has been determined by different methods, of which the most useful are those performed in archival material.. 3.The results reported in the literature show that adrenocorticotropic hormone-secreting tumours seem to be characterized by a higher proliferation index than the other types of pituitary adenomas, despite their usually small tumour size.. 4.In small series of patients radiotherapy and medical treatment with dopaminergic drugs and octreotide were associated with a lower proliferation index than untreated tumours. Tumour size was not correlated ...
BACKGROUND: Colonoscopy is the gold standard investigation for the diagnosis of bowel pathology and colorectal cancer screening. Adenoma detection rate is a marker of high quality colonoscopy and a high adenoma detection rate is associated with a lower incidence of interval cancers. Several technological advancements have been explored to improve adenoma detection rate. A new device called Endocuff Vision™ has been shown to improve adenoma detection rate in pilot studies. METHODS/DESIGN: This is a prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial comparing the adenoma detection rate in patients undergoing Endocuff Vision™-assisted colonoscopy with standard colonoscopy ...
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The pathogenesis and risk of malignancy of traditional serrated adenomas (TSAs) are unclear. In North America, TSAs are relatively uncommon, occur mainly in the left colon, and in some studies, have not been shown to have a strong association with hyperplastic polyp (HPP) or sessile polyp adenoma (S …
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Elevated total dietary fiber intake was associated with a reduced risk of incident distal colorectal adenoma (OR highest v. lowest tertile of intake 0.76, 95%CI: 0.63-0.91, Ptrend=0.003), but not recurrent adenoma (Ptrend =0.67). Although the association was not statistically significant for colorectal cancer overall (HR 0.85, 95%CI: 0.70-1.03, Ptrend=0.10), a reduced risk of distal colon cancer was observed with increased total fiber intake (HR 0.62, 95%CI: 0.41-0.94, Ptrend=0.03). Protective associations were most notable for fiber originating from cereals or fruit.. ...
Pituitary adenoma (PA) is usually a common benign neuroendocrine tumor; however, the incidence and proportion of hormone-producing PAs in Korean patients remain unknown. slightly more prevalent in women (M: F = 1:1.17) with a mean age of 48.8 yr (9-80 yr). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that prolactin-producing PAs (16.6%) and growth hormone-producing adenomas (9.2%) were the most common functional PAs. Plurihormonal PAs and nonfunctioning (null cell) adenomas were found in 14.9% and 42.4% of patients with PAs, respectively. The recurrence rate of PAs was 11.1%, but nearly 0% for the remaining benign lesions such as RCCs. 25.4% of patients with PAs were treated by gamma-knife after surgery due to residual tumors or regrowth of residual tumor. In conclusion, the pituitary lesions and the proportions of hormone-producing PAs in Korean patients are similar to those of previous reports except nonfunctioning Etizolam (null cell) PAs, which are unusually frequent. Graphical Abstract Keywords: ...
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Mar 26, 2015 Yoga-based exercise has proven to be beneficial for practitioners, including cancer A study in prostate cancer survivors found that circulating levels of CRP 1991), osteoporosis (Devogelaer and de Deuxchaisnes 1993), and Physical activity, obesity, and risk for colon cancer and adenoma.Prostate Adenoma Causes. Prostate the importance of an increased intake of vitamin E as a protective factor with clubbell Yoga;.Caratteristiche cura delladenoma della prostata: domande e risposte. unanalisi fatta da un ignorante, e lì non cè bisogno di un yoga e altre.An adenoma is a benign tumor of epithelial tissue with glandular origin, glandular characteristics, or both. Adenomas can grow from many glandular organs , including the adrenal glands , pituitary gland , thyroid , prostate , and others.Incurabile prostatite cronica elenco di farmaci da un adenoma e prostatite, come trattare linfiammazione della prostata umore Sytina.Adenomectomia prostatica (animazione La mano delloperatore è in ...