Several new synthetic agents show high affinity for binding adenine derivatives. The structures feature complementary hydrogen bonds that cause the molecular chelation of the purine nucleus. The high lipophilicity of the new agents permits the transport of adenosine and deoxyadenosine across organic liquid membranes. The use of synthetic receptors for small biological targets may have application in drug delivery. ...

TY - PAT. T1 - Novel Adenine Derivatives and the Use Thereof. AU - Kim, Won-Ki. PY - 2017/8/16. Y1 - 2017/8/16. N2 - 신규한 아데닌 유도체 및 그 용도. AB - 신규한 아데닌 유도체 및 그 용도. M3 - Patent. M1 - 10-1770374. ER - ...

Cybulski, R L. and Goldman, I D., Discrimination between adenine transport and metabolism in l1210 cells. Abstr. (1980). Subject Strain Bibliography 1980. 836 ...

Adenine (sometimes known as vitamin B4) combines with the sugar ribose to form adenosine, which in turn can be bonded with from one to three phosphoric acid units, yielding AMP, ADP and ATP . These adenine derivatives perform important functions in cellular metabolism. Adenine is one of four nitrogenous bases utilized in the synthesis of nucleic acids. A modified form of adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP) is an imporant secondary messenger in the propagation of many hormonal stimuli. Adenine is an integral part of the structure of many coenzymes. Adenosine (adenine with a ribose group) causes transient heart block in the AV node of the heart. In individuals suspected of suffering from a supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), adenosine is used to help identify the rhythm. Certain SVTs can be successfully terminated with adenosine ...

The him1 mutation has been shown to influence the genetic effects of the mutagenic purine base analog 6-hydroxylaminopurine, i. e. inactivation of haploid cells, mutation induction, and inhibition of DNA synthesis in vivo. The influence observed is well consistent with the idea that the him1 mutation affects mismatch correction. We present evidence that during in vivo DNA replication 6-hydroxylaminopurine incorporates into the yeast DNA.

I want to start up some simple assays for cAMP levels in cultured cells. The approach I am going to take is to metabolically label the cells with [3H]-adenine, and then measure the [3H]-cAMP that is produced from drug treatments in the assay several hours later. Ideally, I would like the use cell culture medium that is deficient in adenine in order to increase the amount of hot adenine that is taken up. However, when I look over the list of ingredients in D-MEM, I see that adenine isnt one of them. Therefore, either the cells are making their own nucleotides, or their primary source of adenine must be from the FBS that we conventionally add to the D-MEM. Does anyone do these kind of assays, and do you typically remove the serum when you load the cells with hot adenine? If I can avoid serum-starving the cells, I would prefer to do so. John hines at pharm.med.upenn.edu ...

Reference data were obtained primarily from the PubChem database.. Three dimensional molecular rendering uses Jmol.. InChI string and atom numbering calculated using ALATIS (Hesam Dashti, William M. Westler, John L. Markley, Hamid R. Eghbalnia, Unique identifiers for small molecules enable rigorous labeling of their atoms, Scientific Data 4, Article number: 170073 (2017), doi:10.1038/sdata.2017.73, https://www.nature.com/articles/sdata201773). ...

1FJB: Structural Studies of the Ionizing Radiation Adduct 7,8-Dihydro-8-Oxoadenine (A Oxo) Positioned Opposite Thymine and Guanine in DNA Duplexes

99% high quality Adenine,CAS:73-24-5 Product name:Adenine CAS No.:73-24-5 Molecular formula:C5H5N5 Molecular weight:135.13 Product Specifications:Pharmacopoeial grade Purity:99%+ Brand:Hotai Origion:Hubei,China Price:Negotiable Package:Aluminum...

Adenine is a medicine available in a number of countries worldwide. A list of US medications equivalent to Adenine is available on the Drugs.com website.

adenine: Organic compound belonging to the purine family, occurring free in tea or combined in many substances of biological importance, including the nucleic acids, which govern hereditary...

Learn more about Adenine sulphate. We enable science by offering product choice, services, process excellence and our people make it happen.

We provide secure, cost-effective access to the UKs richest collection of digital content: giving you access to the latest data and content from leading international publishers and providers.. Find out more at jisc.ac.uk. ...

What are the gens? They are the parts of DNA present on the chromosomes and they control the individuals hereditary traits, And the hereditary traits are transferred from the parents to their offspring through ...

2015 Elsevier Ltd. Background Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate can cause renal and bone toxic effects related to high plasma tenofovir concentrations. Tenofovir alafenamide is a novel tenofovir prodrug with a 90% reduction in plasma tenofovir concentrations. Tenofovir alafenamide-containing regimens can have improved renal and bone safety compared with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-containing regimens. Methods In these two controlled, double-blind phase 3 studies, we recruited treatment-naive HIV-infected patients with an estimated creatinine clearance of 50 mL per min or higher from 178 outpatient centres in 16 countries. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive once-daily oral tablets containing 150 mg elvitegravir, 150 mg cobicistat, 200 mg emtricitabine, and 10 mg tenofovir alafenamide (E/C/F/tenofovir alafenamide) or 300 mg tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (E/C/F/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate) with matching placebo. Randomisation was done by a computer-generated allocation sequence (block ...

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Lamivudine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate - Get up-to-date information on Lamivudine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate side effects, uses, dosage, overdose, pregnancy, alcohol and more. Learn more about Lamivudine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate

TY - JOUR. T1 - Randomized trial of emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate after hepatitis B immunoglobulin withdrawal after liver transplantation. AU - Teperman, Lewis W.. AU - Poordad, Fred. AU - Bzowej, Natalie. AU - Martin, Paul. AU - Pungpapong, Surakit. AU - Schiano, Thomas. AU - Flaherty, John. AU - Dinh, Phillip. AU - Rossi, Stephen. AU - Subramanian, G. Mani. AU - Spivey, James. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2013/6. Y1 - 2013/6. N2 - Long-term prophylaxis with hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) for the prevention of hepatitis B virus (HBV) recurrence after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in patients with chronic HBV infection is inconvenient and costly. This randomized, prospective phase 2 study compared emtricitabine (FTC)/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) after HBIG withdrawal to FTC/TDF plus HBIG for the prevention of HBV recurrence after OLT. Forty patients with a median time since liver transplantation of 3.4 years ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Long-term (96-week) Efficacy and Safety After Switching from Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF) to Tenofovir Alafenamide (TAF) in HIV-infected, Virologically Suppressed Adults. AU - Raffi, Francois. AU - Orkin, Chloe. AU - Clarke, Amanda. AU - Slama, Laurence. AU - Gallant, Joel. AU - Daar, Eric. AU - Henry, Keith. AU - Santana-Bagur, Jorge. AU - Stein, David K.. AU - Bellos, Nicholaos. AU - Scarsella, Anthony. AU - Yan, Mingjin. AU - Abram, Michael E.. AU - Cheng, Andrew. AU - Rhee, Martin S S. PY - 2017/3/6. Y1 - 2017/3/6. N2 - ABSTRACT:: In a double-blind, phase 3 trial, 663 HIV-infected, virologically suppressed adults were randomized to switch to tenofovir alafenamide (TAF; n=333) vs. remain on tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF; n=330), each coformulated with emtricitabine (FTC), while continuing their third agent (boosted protease inhibitor or unboosted third agent). At week 96, 88.6% on FTC/TAF and 89.1% on FTC/TDF had HIV-1 RNA ,50 copies/mL (adjusted difference -0.5%; ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate monotherapy for nucleos(t)ide-naïve chronic hepatitis B patients in Korea. T2 - data from the clinical practice setting in a single-center cohort. AU - Ahn, Sung S.oo. AU - Chon, Young E.un. AU - Kim, Beom K.yung. AU - Kim, Seung U.p.. AU - Kim, Do Y.oung. AU - Ahn, Sang H.oon. AU - Han, Kwang Hyub. AU - Park, Jun Y.ong. PY - 2014/9/1. Y1 - 2014/9/1. N2 - BACKGROUND/AIMS: This study assessed the antiviral efficacy and safety of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) for up to 12 months in Korean treatment-naïve chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients.METHODS: A total of 411 treatment-naïve CHB patients who had been treated with TDF for at least 3 months (median 5.6) were consecutively enrolled. Clinical, biochemical, virological parameters and treatment adherence were routinely assessed every 3 months.RESULTS: The median age was 51.3 years, 63.0% of the patients were male, 49.6% were HBeAg (+), and 210 patients had liver cirrhosis. The median baseline HBV ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - The Lymphoid Tissue Pharmacokinetics of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate and Tenofovir Alafenamide in HIV-Infected Persons. AU - Fletcher, Courtney V.. AU - Podany, Anthony T.. AU - Thorkelson, Ann. AU - Winchester, Lee C.. AU - Mykris, Timothy. AU - Anderson, Jodi. AU - Jorstad, Siri. AU - Baker, Jason V.. AU - Schacker, Timothy W.. N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by grants 1R01 AI‐124965 (to CVF) and U01 AI‐105872 (to TWS) from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Publisher Copyright: © 2020 The Authors Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics © 2020 American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. PY - 2020/11/1. Y1 - 2020/11/1. N2 - The secondary lymphoid tissues (LT), lymph nodes (LN) and gut-associated lymphoid tissue are the primary sites of HIV replication and where the latent pool of virus is maintained. We compared the pharmacokinetics of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) in LT of 13 ...

Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate(TDF) (CAS 202138-50-9) Market Research Report 2018 aims at providing comprehensive data on tenofovir disoproxil fumarate(tdf)

TY - JOUR. T1 - Infant growth outcomes after maternal tenofovir disoproxil fumarate use during pregnancy.. AU - Ransom, Carla E.. AU - Huo, Yanling. AU - Patel, Kunjal. AU - Scott, Gwendolyn B.. AU - Watts, Heather D.. AU - Williams, Paige. AU - Siberry, George K.. AU - Livingston, Elizabeth G.. PY - 2013/12/1. Y1 - 2013/12/1. N2 - To determine whether maternal use of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for treatment of HIV in pregnancy predicts fetal and infant growth. The study population included HIV-uninfected live-born singleton infants of mothers enrolled in the International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials Group protocol P1025 (born 2002-2011) in the United States and exposed in utero to a combined (triple or more) antiretroviral regimen. Infant weight at birth and 6 months was compared between infants exposed and unexposed to tenofovir in utero using 2-sample t test, χ test, and multivariable linear and logistic regression models, including demographic and maternal ...

A Randomized, Phase II, Controlled Trial Comparing the Efficacy of Adefovir Dipivoxil and Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate for the Treatment of Lamivudine-Resistant Hepatitis B Virus in Subjects Who Are Co-Infected With HIV ...

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Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) 300 mg plus placebo to match adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) (double-blind period), followed by TDF 300 mg (open-label period). Participants may have added emtricitabine (FTC) to their treatment regimen (as part of FTC 200 mg/TDF 300 mg fixed-dose combination (FDC) tablet) in the open-label period ...

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This study is to evaluate the steady-state pharmacokinetics (PK) and confirm the dose of the elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (EVG/COBI/FTC/TDF) single tablet regimen (STR) in HIV-1 infected, antiretroviral (ARV) treatment-naive adolescents. Safety, tolerability, and efficacy will also be evaluated through Week 48.. A total of 50 adolescent participants (12 to , 18 years of age) will be enrolled to receive EVG/COBI/FTC/TDF as follows:. ...

Background: Off-target renal and bone side effects may occur with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) use. Compared with TDF, tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) results in significantly reduced plasma tenofovir (TFV) and may have less renal and bone toxicity.. Methods: Treatment naïve HIV-1+ adults were randomized 1:1 to a single tablet regimen of E/C/F/TAF or E/C/F/TDF once daily in two double blind studies. Assessments included measures of renal function and bone mineral density (BMD). Four pre-specified secondary safety endpoints were tested: serum creatinine, treatment-emergent proteinuria, spine and hip BMD. Week 48 off-target side effects data are described.. Results: Combined, the two studies randomized and treated 1,733 subjects. Plasma TFV was ,90% lower (mean [%CV] AUCtau 297 (20) vs. 3,410 (25) nghr/mL) in the E/C/F/TAF arm, compared to the E/C/F/TDF arm. Serum creatinine (mean [SD] change: +0.08 [0.124] vs +0.11 [0.217] mg/dL, p,0.001), quantified proteinuria (UPCR, median [Q1, Q3] % ...

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On June 8, 2017, the Food and Drug Administration approved the first generic version of emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate tablets, ...

Professional guide for Elvitegravir, Cobicistat, Emtricitabine, and Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate. Includes: pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, contraindications, interactions, adverse reactions and more.

This study compared the efficacy and tolerability of entecavir versus tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Brand Name: Cimduo Other Names: 3TC/TDF, Lamivudine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Drug Class: Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors WARNING:Cimduo can cause serious, life-threatening side effec

Background. The efficacy of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) as part of combination antiretroviral treatment (ART) has been demonstrated in several randomized, controlled trials. However, an increasing number of case reports suggest that TDF use may be associated with significant nephrotoxicity. Our objective was to determine the renal safety of TDF-containing ART regimens for HIV-infected individuals.. Methods. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Global Health, Scopus, Biosis Previews, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and existing systematic reviews were searched. Prospective studies comparing TDF-containing with non-TDF containing ART regimens were selected for inclusion. We extracted data on study characteristics, participant characteristics, therapeutic interventions, renal function, bone density, and fracture rates.. Results. A total of 17 studies (including 9 randomized, controlled trials) met the selection criteria. Median sample size was 517 participants. Constituent ART regimens were diverse. There ...

Background: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is the antiretroviral drug most commonly associated with renal dysfunction. However, few studies have examined this association in sub-Saharan Africa despite recent scale-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) to all people living wi...

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Lim, S.G., Marcellin, P., Tassopoulos, N., Hadziyannis, S., Chang, T.T., Tong, M., Sievert, W., Hu, P., Arterburn, S., Brosgart, C.L. (2007). Clinical trial: Effects of adefovir dipivoxil therapy in Asian and Caucasian patients with chronic hepatitis B. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 26 (10) : 1419-1428. ScholarBank@NUS Repository. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03506. ...

Darunavir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (D/C/F/TAF) 800/150/200/10 mg is a once-daily, single-tablet regimen for treatment of HIV-1 infection. The efficacy/safety of switching to D/C/F/TAF versus continuing boosted protease inhibitor (bPI) + emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (control) were demonstrated in a phase 3, randomized study (EMERALD) of treatment-experienced, virologically suppressed adults through week 48. The objective of this analysis was to evaluate EMERALD outcomes across subgroups of patients based on demographic characteristics, prior treatment experience, and baseline antiretroviral regimen. EMERALD patients were virologically suppressed (viral load [VL] | 50 copies/mL for ≥ 2 months at screening). Prior non-darunavir virologic failure (VF) was allowed. Primary endpoint was proportion of patients with virologic rebound (confirmed VL ≥ 50 copies/mL) cumulative through week 48. Virologic response was VL | 50 copies/mL (FDA snapshot). Safety was assessed by

FOSTER CITY, Calif. & WHITEHOUSE STATION, N.J.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Aug. 11, 2006--Gilead Sciences, Inc. (Nasdaq: GILD) and Merck & Co., Inc. (NYSE: MRK) today announced that the companies have established an agreement for the distribution of ATRIPLA(TM) (efavirenz 600 mg/ emtricitabine 200 mg/ tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 300 mg), a once-daily, single tablet regimen for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults, in developing countries around the world.. ATRIPLA contains 600 mg of efavirenz, a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI), 200 mg of emtricitabine and 300 mg of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, both nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). Efavirenz is marketed by Merck under the tradename Stocrin(R) in all territories outside of the United States, Canada and certain European countries (where it is commercialized by Bristol-Myers Squibb under the tradename Sustiva(R)). Emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate are commercialized by Gilead Sciences under ...

This retrospective single-center analysis included 212 people taking TDF with ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitors (PIs), 176 with nonnucleosides, 46 with dolutegravir or raltegravir, and 76 with elvitegravir/cobicistat. Tenofovir troughs proved significantly higher with elvitegravir/cobicistat or with boosted PIs than with nonnucleosides or integrase inhibitors (P < 0.01). Multivariate regression analysis with tenofovir trough concentration as the dependent variable indicated significantly higher tenofovir troughs with elvitegravir/cobicistat than with ritonavir-boosted PIs (beta 0.27, P = 0.001). In the same analysis, women had higher tenofovir troughs than men (beta 0.20, P = 0.004). Older age and lower weight were also associated with higher tenofovir troughs ...

Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate: Find the most comprehensive real-world treatment information on Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate at PatientsLikeMe. 48 patients with fibromyalgia, multiple sclerosis, major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, diabetes type 2, systemic lupus erythematosus, post-traumatic stress disorder, rheumatoid arthritis, Parkinsons disease, bipolar disorder, high blood pressure (hypertension), panic disorder, myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia), epilepsy, migraine, hypothyroidism, osteoarthritis, high cholesterol (hypercholesterolemia), attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, bipolar II disorder, asthma, traumatic brain injury, social anxiety disorder, irritable bowel syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, gastroesophageal reflux disease or bipolar I disorder currently take Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate.

BACKGROUND: Effective two-drug regimens could decrease long-term drug exposure and toxicity with HIV-1 antiretroviral therapy (ART). We therefore aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a two-drug regimen compared with a three-drug regimen for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in ART-naive adults.. METHODS: We conducted two identically designed, multicentre, double-blind, randomised, non-inferiority, phase 3 trials: GEMINI-1 and GEMINI-2. Both studies were done at 192 centres in 21 countries. We included participants (≥18 years) with HIV-1 infection and a screening HIV-1 RNA of 500 000 copies per mL or less, and who were naive to ART. We randomly assigned participants (1:1) to receive a once-daily two-drug regimen of dolutegravir (50 mg) plus lamivudine (300 mg) or a once-daily three-drug regimen of dolutegravir (50 mg) plus tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (300 mg) and emtricitabine (200 mg). Both drug regimens were administered orally. We masked participants and investigators to treatment ...

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The addition of adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) to ongoing lamivudine therapy is effective against lamivudine-resistant virus in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. We studied 39 patients who received ADV added to lamivudine for breakthrough hepatitis. We determined early viral changes (12 wee …

Patrick Marcellin1, Maria Buti2, Edward Gane3, Naoky Tsai4, William Sievert5, Ira M. Jacobson6, George Germanidis7, Phillip Dinh8, John F. Flaherty8, Kathryn M. Kitrinos8, John G. McHutchison8, Nezam H. Afdhal9 1H pital Beaujon, Clichy, France; 2Hospital General Universitari Vall dHebron and Ciberehd, Barcelona, Spain; 3Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand; 4University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States; 5Monash University and Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; 6Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States; 7AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece; 8Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, United States; 9Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States ...

See Article on [Related article:] 230. Clinical resistance to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) did not develop in any patient after 8 years of TDF treatment in a phase III clinical trial for treatment-naïve patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) [1]. Potent efficacy and high barrier to resistance of TDF have been established, even in patients who have been previously treated with nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUCs) or have NUC-resistant hepatitis B virus (HBV) variants. We previously reported that TDF-based rescue therapy was effective in patients harboring lamivudine (LAM)-resistant or multidrug-resistant HBV variants [2,3]. Moreover, two randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of TDF monotherapy in patients infected with HBV variants resistant to adefovir (ADV) and entecavir (ETV) were conducted, and non-inferior antiviral efficacy compared with TDF plus ETV combination therapy was demonstrated [4,5]. On the basis of in vitro and in vivo data, there was concern that HBV ...

Background and Aims: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is recommended for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) treatment, but it may induce kidney dysfunction whose management is not yet known. This Italian, multicentre, retrospective study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of switching to entecavir (ETV) patients who developed TDF-associated glomerular and/or tubular dysfunction. Methods: A total of 103 TDF-treated patients were included as follows: age 64 years, 83% male, 49% cirrhotics, 98% with undetectable HBV DNA, 47% with previous lamivudine resistance (LMV-R) and 71% previously treated with adefovir. Twenty-nine (28%) were switched to ETV because estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR MDRD ) was <60 mL/min, 37 (36%) because blood phosphate (P) levels were <2.5 mg/dL and 37 (36%) for both reasons. Kidney, liver and virological parameters were recorded every 4 months thereafter. Results: During 46 (4-115) months of ETV treatment, all patients renal ...

Replication stress is a common feature of cancer cells. Ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) and Rad3-related (ATR) signalling, a DNA damage repair (DDR) pathway, is activated by regions of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) that can arise during replication stress. ATR delays cell cycle progression and prevents DNA replication fork collapse, which prohibits cell death and promotes proliferation. Several ATR inhibitors have been developed in order to restrain this protective mechanism in tumours. It is known, however, that despite other effective anticancer chemotherapy treatments targeting DDR pathways, resistance occurs. This begets the need to identify combination treatments to overcome resistance and prevent tumour cell growth. We conducted a drug screen to identify potential synergistic combination treatments by screening an ATR inhibitor (VE822) together with compounds from a bioactive small molecule library. The screen identified adefovir dipivoxil, a reverse transcriptase inhibitor and nucleoside

Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) has demonstrated high antiviral efficacy in treatment-naive patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection but experience in nucleoside/nucleotide analogue (NA)-experienced patients is limited. In this retrospective multicenter study we therefore assessed the long-term efficacy of TDF monotherapy in patients with prior failure or resistance to different NA treatments. Criteria for inclusion were HBV DNA levels ,4.0 log10copies/mL at the start and aminimum period of TDF therapy for at least 6 months. In all, 131 patients (mean age 42 ± 12 years, 95 male, 65% hepatitis B e antigen [HBeAg]-positive) were eligible. Pretreatment consisted of either monotherapy with lamivudine (LAM; n = 18), adefovir (ADV; n = 8), and sequential LAM-ADV therapy (n = 73), or add-on combination therapy with both drugs (n = 29). Three patients had failed entecavir therapy. Resistance analysis in 113 of the 131 patients revealed genotypic LAM and ADV resistance in 62% and 19% ...

2014 International Medical Press. Background: Tenofovir (TDF) is associated with phosphaturia and elevated 1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D (1,25-OH(2)D). Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) causes phosphaturia and increases in response to elevated 1,25-OH(2)D. Vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP) binds to 1,25-OH(2)D, decreasing its biological activity, and is elevated in individuals with higher plasma tenofovir concentrations. We compared FGF23 and VDBP before and after vitamin D3 (VITD) supplementation in youths treated with combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) containing or not containing TDF.Methods: A randomized controlled trial in HIV-positive youths aged 18-25 years enrolled participants based on cART treatment with TDF (TDF; n=118) or without TDF (no-TDF; n=85), and randomized within those groups to VITD (50,000 IU every 4 weeks) or placebo (PL). We measured FGF23 and VDBP and calculated free 1,25-OH(2)D at baseline and week 12, and compared changes by TDF treatment and VITD randomized ...