Internet addiction disorder, more commonly called problematic Internet use (PIU), refers to excessive Internet use that interferes with daily life. Addiction is defined by Webster Dictionary as a "compulsive need for and use of a habit-forming substance characterized by tolerance and by well-defined physiological symptoms upon withdrawal; broadly: persistent compulsive use of a substance known by the user to be harmful". Problematic Internet use is also called compulsive Internet use (CIU), Internet overuse, problematic computer use, or pathological computer use (PCU), problematic Internet use (PIU), or Internet addiction disorder (IAD)). Another commonly associated pathology is video game addiction, or Internet gaming disorder (IGD). IAD was originally proposed as a disorder in a satirical hoax by Ivan Goldberg, M.D., in 1995, although some later researchers have taken his essay seriously. He used this term because it was a suitable fit to his parody. This idea he conjured was to demonstrate ...

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TY - JOUR. T1 - Review and evaluation of online tobacco dependence treatment training programs for health care practitioners. AU - Selby, Peter. AU - Goncharenko, Karina. AU - Barker, Megan. AU - Fahim, Myra. AU - Timothy, Valerie. AU - Dragonetti, Rosa. AU - Kemper, Katherine. AU - Herie, Marilyn. AU - Hays, J. Taylor. N1 - Publisher Copyright: ©Peter Selby, Karina Goncharenko, Megan Barker, Myra Fahim, Valerie Timothy, Rosa Dragonetti, Katherine Kemper, Marilyn Herie, J Taylor Hays.. PY - 2015/4/1. Y1 - 2015/4/1. N2 - Background: Training health care professionals is associated with increased capacity to deliver evidence-based smoking cessation interventions and increased quit rates among their patients. Online training programs hold promise to provide training but questions remain regarding the quality and usability of available programs. Objective: The aim was to assess the quality of English-language online courses in tobacco dependence treatment using a validated instrument. Methods: An ...

Although methadone has been used for the maintenance treatment of opioid dependence for decades, it was not introduced in China or Taiwan until 2000s. Methadone-drug interactions (MDIs) have been shown to cause many adverse effects. However, such effects have not been scrutinized in the ethnic Chinese community. The study was performed in two major hospitals in southern Taiwan. A total of 178 non-HIV patients aged ≥ 20 years who had participated in the Methadone Maintenance Treatment Program (MMTP) ≥ 1 month were recruited. An MDI is defined as concurrent use of drug(s) with methadone that may result in an increase or decrease of effectiveness and/or adverse effect of methadone. To determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of MDIs, credible data sources, including the National Health Insurance (NHI) database, face-to-face interviews, medical records, and methadone computer databases, were linked for analysis. Socio-demographic and clinical factors associated with MDIs and co-medications

TY - JOUR. T1 - Impaired insulin response to glucose but not to arginine in heroin addicts. AU - Passariello, N.. AU - Giugliano, D.. AU - Ceriello, A.. AU - Chiariello, A.. AU - Sgambato, S.. AU - D'Onofrio, F.. PY - 1986. Y1 - 1986. N2 - Plasma glucose, insulin, glucagon and growth hormone responses to both oral glucose and iv arginine were evaluated in 15 heroin addicts and 15 control subjects matched for age, sex and weight. The heroin users had an exaggerated rise in plasma glucose concentrations following oral sugar, which persisted until the end of the study (102 ± 5 mg/dl in addicts vs 72 ± 3 mg/dl in controls at 240 min, p AB - Plasma glucose, insulin, glucagon and growth hormone responses to both oral glucose and iv arginine were evaluated in 15 heroin addicts and 15 control subjects matched for age, sex and weight. The heroin users had an exaggerated rise in plasma glucose concentrations following oral sugar, which persisted until the end of the study (102 ± 5 mg/dl in addicts vs ...

Prescription opioid dependence is increasing and creates a significant public health burden, but office-based physicians lack evidence-based guidelines to decide between maintenance or detoxification treatment with buprenorphine/naloxone. The proposed study compares buprenorphine/naloxone maintenance (Mtn) vs. detoxification (Dtx) in a 18-week randomized clinical trail in a heterogeneous population of prescription opioid dependent patients (N=120) in a primary care clinic. Patients are randomized to Mtn or Dtx after a 2-week induction period. Mtn is designed to reflect usual care by primary care physicians and includes weekly drug counseling (DC) and referral to ancillary services. Dtx and Mtn will be identical for the first 4 weeks (stabilization) following randomization. In Mtn, buprenorphine/naloxone will continue unchanged for the remainder of the study. In Dtx, the dosage of buprenorphine/naloxone will be tapered to zero over the next 3 weeks, and patients will not receive additional ...

Oklahoma UNIFORM APPLICATION FY2011 SUBSTANCE ABUSE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT BLOCK GRANT 42 U.S.C.300x-21 through 300x-66 OMB - Approved 07/20/2010 - Expires 07/31/2013 (generated on 10/1/2010 12:07:53 PM) Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Center for Substance Abuse Treatment Center for Substance Abuse Prevention OMB No. 0930-0080 Approved: 07/20/2010 Expires: 07/31/2013 Page 1 of 311 Introduction: The Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Block Grant represents a significant Federal contribution to the States' substance abuse prevention and treatment service budgets. The Public Health Service Act [42 USC 300x-21 through 300x-66] authorizes the Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Block Grant and specifies requirements attached to the use of these funds. The SAPT Block Grant funds are annually authorized under separate appropriation by Congress. The Public Health Service Act designates the Center for Substance Abuse Treatment and the Center for Substance Abuse ...

The profile of opioid misuse and opioid use disorder in the United States is changing, in that nonmedical use of prescription opioids has become as significant a problem as the use of heroin.1 Federal data for 2013 indicate that approximately 4.5 million people in the United States reported nonmedical use of prescription pain relievers in the past month and 289,000 reported use of heroin in the past month.2 Despite the dimensions of the problem, nearly 80 percent of people with an opioid use disorder do not receive treatment because of limited treatment capacity, financial obstacles, social bias, and other barriers to care.3. Researchers, federal health agencies, and pharmaceutical manufacturers have focused on developing medications that can be used to expand access to treatment of an opioid use disorder in medical office settings, rather than limiting use to specialized opioid treatment programs (OTPs).4 This effort has yielded two important products that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ...

Cancer survivors have higher rates of prescription opioid use but do not have increased rates of prescription opioid misuse compared with those without a history of cancer, according to a study published online Aug. 17 in JAMA Network Open.. Vikram Jairam, M.D., from the Yale University School of Medicine in New Haven, Connecticut, and colleagues conducted a cross-sectional study involving 169,162 respondents to the National Survey on Drug Use and Health from January 2015 to December 2018 to compare the prevalence and likelihood of prescription opioid use and misuse for adult cancer survivors and respondents without cancer.. Of the respondents, 5.2 percent were cancer survivors, with 1.2 and 4.0 percent reporting having more recent and less recent cancer histories, respectively. The researchers found that compared with respondents without cancer, the rates of prescription opioid use were higher for more recent cancer survivors and less recent cancer survivors (54.3 and 39.2 percent, ...

The short term effects of crack cocaine can be felt upon users initial hit of crack. The individual begins to feel the effects of crack cocaine immediately; they experience an increase in energy, temperature, mental alertness, heart rate, constricted blood vessels, as well as a decrease in appetite. These temporary effects of crack cocaine are as short lived as the users high. Because crack cocaine is smoked causing it to travel through the blood up to the brain much faster than cocaine which is snorted, the user experiences these short term effects more intensely. The duration and intensity of these short term effects of crack cocaine are based on the amount of crack cocaine that is used.. The long term effects of crack cocaine affect the user physically, mentally, and emotionally. An individuals long term effects from crack cocaine vary from person to person depending on their length and intensity of abuse. In general, the long term effects of crack cocaine include restlessness, mood change, ...

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The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) is part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), a component of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NIH...Turning Discovery Into Health. National Institute on Drug Abuse , 6001 Executive Boulevard, Room 5213 , Bethesda, MD 20892-9561. Questions for our staff? E-mail [email protected] or call 301-443-1124 (240-221-4007 en español).. ...

11/17/2010. Meghan King. This term, the Supreme Court will hear arguments on DePierre v. United States, a case determining whether the phrase "cocaine base" is limited to "crack" cocaine, or whether the phrase encompasses every form of cocaine that is classified chemically as a base. Mr. DePierre was convicted of distributing more than 50 grams of cocaine base under 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) (2006) which created the sentencing minimums for punishing drug-related offenses. The statute provides a mandatory minimum 10-year sentence for offenses involving "50 grams or more of a mixture or substance…that contains cocaine base." The meaning of the phrase "cocaine base" has created a deep division between the circuit courts with four courts of appeals holding the phrase is limited to crack cocaine, while six courts of appeals have interpreted the phrase to mean all chemically basic forms of cocaine. If cocaine base is read to include any chemically basic forms of cocaine, those individuals who are ...

HealthRIGHT 360 provides a full continuum of substance use disorder treatment services to adults, youths, and families, including outpatient, residential, custody-based, sober living environments, and case management programs.

Pubdate: Mon, 10 Nov 2014 Source: Baltimore Sun (MD) Copyright: 2014 The Baltimore Sun Company Contact: http://www.baltimoresun.com/ Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/37 Author: Robert P. Schwartz Note: Dr. Robert P. Schwartz is medical director of Friends Research Institute. Page: 13 Bookmark: http://www.mapinc.org/find?132 (Heroin Overdose) MD. MUST ADDRESS HEROIN DEATHS Once largely relegated to Baltimore City, heroin use and its related adverse consequences are spreading to every part of the state, and an increasing number of Maryland's citizens are dying of heroin overdoses. This shift reflects national trends showing a 74 percent increase in heroin use from 2009 to 2012 and a doubling of heroin overdose rates in 28 states sampled by the Centers for Disease Control. After a sharp reduction in heroin overdose deaths from 2007 to 2010, Maryland heroin deaths have risen to mirror these increases, reaching 464 deaths in 2013. In Baltimore City, conversely, the number of heroin overdose ...

A new study funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) documents the high rates and unique patterns of dental decay and gum disease in people who use the illicit drug methamphetamine. The large study of 571 methamphetamine users found that 96 percent had experienced dental cavities and 58 percent had untreated tooth decay. Only 23 percent retained all of their natural teeth, compared to a tooth retention rate of 48 percent among the U.S. general population. The study was conducted by investigators at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).. The study found that adults reporting moderate or heavy methamphetamine use were twice as likely to have untreated dental cavities than were light users (less than 10 days of use over the past month). Older subjects (ages 30+), women, and current cigarette smokers were disproportionately affected by dental and periodontal disease. In addition, a significant percentage of participants (40 percent) indicated they were often self-conscious ...

This publication was written by Elizabeth B. Robertson, Ph.D., University of Alabama (formerly with the National Institute on Drug Abuse), Belinda E. Sims, Ph.D., National Institute on Drug Abuse, and Eve E. Reider, Ph.D., National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health. It was edited by Eric Wargo, Ph.D., National Institute on Drug Abuse. NIDA wishes to thank the following individuals for their guidance and comments during the development and review of this publication: Karl G. Hill, Ph.D. University of Washington

If someone you know needs help for substance abuse addiction or problems with alcohol, where do you turn to find treatment? The Substance Abuse Treatment Facility Locator was created for just this purpose. It is a searchable directory of more than 11,000 addiction treatment programs around the country that treat alcoholism, alcohol abuse, and drug abuse problems. The Locator includes outpatient treatment programs, residential treatment programs, hospital inpatient programs, and partial hospitalization/day treatment programs for drug addiction and alcoholism in all 50 States, the District of Columbia, the Federated States of Micronesia, Guam, Puerto Rico, the Republic of Palau, and the Virgin Islands. The Locator is maintained by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). All information in the Locator is updated annually based on facility responses to SAMHSA's National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services. New facilities are added monthly.

CJ-DATS (the national Criminal Justice Drug Abuse Treatment Studies) was created in with the goal of improving both the public health and public safety outcomes for substance abusing offenders leaving prison or jail and returning to the community by integrating substance abuse treatment into the criminal justice system.".. Author of The drug and alcohol abuse crisis within the Connecticut criminal justice system We redesigned our Book Pages - can you share feedback.. Edit. Last edited anonymously. April 1, , History. Connecticut. Drug and Alcohol Abuse Criminal Justice Commission. Alcohol, drugs and crime in Connecticut. [Connecticut. General Assembly. Task Force on Substance Abuse Treatment Service System.. Criminal Justice Subcommittee.; KPMG Peat Marwick.;] Home. WorldCat Home About WorldCat Help. Search. Search # Drug abuse and crime--Connecticut\/span> \u00A0\u00A0\u00A0 schema.. This TIP, Substance Abuse Treatment for Adults in the Criminal Justice System, revises and supersedes TIP 7, ...

1.Stable methadone maintenance patients receiving varenicline will be more likely to maintain abstinence than patients receiving placebo 2.There will be no differences in the type and number of symptoms reported between stable methadone maintenance patients receiving varenicline and placebo 3.There will be no changes in methadone dosage between abstinent and non-abstinent smokers 4.There will be no differences in efficacy, withdrawal symptoms, and safety of varenicline between male and female participants. 3. JUSTIFICATION: Patients on methadone maintenance treatment have smoking prevalence rates of up 80-90% and consequently disproportionately high mortality compared to the general population. A majority of these patients express a desire to quit but are generally more heavily dependent on nicotine. Randomized controlled trials in non-drug using populations have shown varenicline to be more efficacious for smoking cessation than placebo and other smoking cessation medications. This placebo ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Pain-related anxiety, sex, and co-use of alcohol and prescription opioids among adults with chronic low back pain. AU - LaRowe, Lisa R.. AU - Powers, Jessica M.. AU - Garey, Lorra. AU - Rogers, Andrew H.. AU - Zvolensky, Michael J.. AU - Ditre, Joseph W.. PY - 2020/9/1. Y1 - 2020/9/1. N2 - Background: Both alcohol and prescription opioid use/misuse are highly prevalent among individuals with chronic pain. Co-use of alcohol and prescription opioids is also common, despite contraindications due to increased risk of negative health effects and mortality. There is evidence that pain-related anxiety (i.e., the tendency to respond to pain with anxiety or fear) may be associated with heavier drinking and prescription opioid use/co-use, and that these associations may be especially salient among men. Methods: This study is the first examination of pain-related anxiety in relation to hazardous alcohol use, prescription opioid use/misuse, and alcohol-opioid co-use. Participants included ...

The present study aimed to examine the relationship between maladaptive schemas and treatment outcomes of adolescent and adult women with an eating disorder receiving residential treatment. Existing data were obtained from 67 females aged 11 to 47 years (m =18.61) that had entered residential treatment for anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), or eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS) at a Western United States residential eating disorder treatment facility. Pre- and posttreatment data were collected by the personnel at the facility on eating disorder symptomatology, mood, and core beliefs. Three hypotheses were tested: (a) that maladaptive schemas would be positively correlated with eating disorder symptom severity, (b) that females endorsing more maladaptive schemas at admission or those with stable maladaptive schemas across their course of treatment would have less favorable posttreatment outcomes at the time of their discharge from residential treatment than females with lower

BACKGROUND: North American studies show bipolar disorder is associated with elevated rates of problem gambling; however, little is known about rates in the different presentations of bipolar illness. AIMS: To determine the prevalence and distribution of problem gambling in people with bipolar disorder in the UK. METHOD: The Problem Gambling Severity Index was used to measure gambling problems in 635 participants with bipolar disorder. RESULTS: Moderate to severe gambling problems were four times higher in people with bipolar disorder than in the general population, and were associated with type 2 disorder (OR = 1.74, P = 0.036), history of suicidal ideation or attempt (OR = 3.44, P = 0.02) and rapid cycling (OR = 2.63, P = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: Approximately 1 in 10 patients with bipolar disorder may be at moderate to severe risk of problem gambling, possibly associated with suicidal behaviour and a rapid cycling course. Elevated rates of gambling problems in type 2 disorder highlight the probable

The prevalence of prescription opioid use among drivers has increased markedly in the past two decades. The purpose of this study is to assess the associations of prescription opioid use and alcohol use with the risk of fatal crash involvement in US drivers. We performed a population-based case-control study using toxicological testing data from two national data systems. Cases (n = 3606) were drivers involved in fatal motor vehicle crashes selected from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System and controls (n = 15,600) were drivers participating in the 2007 and 2013 National Roadside Surveys of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) of fatal crash involvement associated with prescription opioid use with and without the presence of alcohol. Overall, cases were significantly more likely than controls to test positive for prescription opioids (5.0% vs. 3.7%, p | 0.001), alcohol (56.2% vs. 7.1%, p | 0

This data collection compares a sample of persons arrested for offenses related to crack cocaine with a sample arrested for offenses related to powdered cocaine. The collection is one of two parts of a study designed to examine the characteristics of crack users and sellers, the impact of large numbers of crack-related offenders on the criminal justice system, and their effects on drug treatment and community programs. Official arrest records and supplementary data bases are used to analyze the official arrest, conviction, and incarceration histories of powdered cocaine and crack defendants. Questions addressed by the collection include: (1) How are defendants charged with crack-related offenses different from defendants charged with offenses related to powdered cocaine? (2) Is there a difference between the ways the criminal justice system handles crack offenders and powdered cocaine offenders in pretrial detention, charges filed, case dispositions, and sentencing? (3) How do the criminal ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Population-based study of malignancies and HIV infection among injecting drug users in a New York City methadone treatment program, 1985-1991. AU - Gachupin-Garcia, Andrea. AU - Selwyn, Peter A.. AU - Budner, Nancy Salisbury. PY - 1992/8. Y1 - 1992/8. N2 - Objective: To study the incidence of AIDS-defining and non-AIDS-defining malignancies in injecting drug users with and without HIV infection in a methadone maintenance treatment program (MMTP). Design: Prospective study within a hospital-affiliated MMTP with on-site primary medical services. The MMTP has been the site of a voluntary longitudinal cohort study of HIV infection since 1985. Methods: Active surveillance for all new cancer cases occurring among patients in the MMTP between July 1985 and August 1991. Cancer cases were identified by review of clinic and hospital records, hospital-based tumor registries, and New York City vital records. Cancer incidence was determined for the overall MMTP population and for ...

Pubdate: Sat, 24 Dec 2016 Source: Blade, The (Toledo, OH) Copyright: 2016 The Blade Contact: http://www.toledoblade.com/ Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/48 Author: Jim Provance, Blade Columbus Bureau Chief OHIO SUPREME COURT REJECTS COCAINE SENTENCE COLUMBUS - In a case closely watched by law enforcement statewide, a sharply divided Ohio Supreme Court on Friday said prosecutors must prove the weight of the actual cocaine - and not fillers - to get stiffer sentences in drug busts. For Rafael Gonzales, 58, convicted in Wood County in 2012 of first-degree felony cocaine possession, the 4-3 decision means his 11-year sentence could be slashed to one. Justice Judith Ann Lanzinger, writing for the majority, said state law's definition of "cocaine" does not provide for fillers such as baking soda. Justice Judith Ann Lanzinger, writing for the majority, said state law's definition of "cocaine" does not provide for fillers such as baking soda. The state argued that the General Assembly meant to ...

Cocaine abuse is frequent in patients visiting the emergency department. The knowledge of the cardiovascular complications of cocaine is excellent among physicians. However the awareness regarding its abdominal complications, the most important of which include gastroduodenal perforation, bowel ischemia and splenic rupture is less adequate. We report a 58-year-old with cocaine use who presents with upper abdominal pain and a rapidly worsening clinical status. He was found to have atraumatic splenic rupture causing a hemoperitoneum that was managed by intervention radiology guided splenic artery embolization. Splenic hemorrhage and rupture need timely recognition, as they are difficult to diagnose clinically and can be potentially fatal. In the encounter of patients with cocaine use who present with chest or upper abdominal pain, clinicians should consider imaging to look for splenic rupture as it is often masked or overlooked due to the complicated clinical picture ...

The mission of the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) is to lead the nation in bringing the power of science to bear on drug abuse and addiction. For more than 3 decades, NIDA has been a leading federal agency supporting research to prevent and control tobacco use and addiction. As a steward of federal funds intended to promote the nation's public health, NIDA must ensure the integrity of the science it supports. This includes actual and perceived conflicts of interest that may compromise NIDA's scientific and public health mission. The mission of the tobacco industry is not consistent with the public health mission of NIDA. Therefore, NIDA IRP investigators cannot collaborate with extramural investigators if: The collaborative project is funded, entirely or in part, with tobacco industry money or The extramural investigator or any member of the project team receives any salary support from the tobacco industry.

INTRODUCTION: Changes in personality have been described in Parkinson's disease (PD), with suggestion that those with established disease tend to be risk averse with a disinclination for addictive behaviour. However, little is known about the earliest and prodromal stages. Personality and its relationship with addictive behaviours can help answer important questions about the mechanisms underlying PD and addiction. METHODS: 941 population-ascertained PD subjects within 3.5 years of diagnosis, 128 patients with rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) and 292 control subjects were fully characterised for motor symptoms, non-motor symptoms and across the following 5 personality domains: 1) neuroticism 2) extraversion 3) conscientiousness 4) agreeableness 5) openness using the Big Five Inventory. RESULTS: Patients with early PD were more neurotic (p | 0.001), less extraverted (p | 0.001) and less open than controls (p | 0.001). RBD subjects showed the same pattern of being more neurotic (p | 0.001

Addixtion mission is to provide evaluation, individual and group counseling services to the people affected by gambling problems, without regard to their ability to pay. Problem Gambling affects 6 percent of us here in the State of Nevada.. Research shows it is noteworthy an addiction due to lack of willpower but instead, one that manifests itself because of hardwiring in the brain.. We are here noteworyhy help! We take a medical and behavioral approach to recovery, because problem gambling is both a medical and behavioral disease.. If you or someone you love is gambling out of control, talk to us. There addiction no judgement, only hope. Call For Help. First Name. Last Name. Email Address.. Our treatment approach incorporates three noteworthy components. During these sessions, counselors present the patient with the most gambling scientific article source available in order noteworthy better center and combat this disorder.. The counseling program teaches patients to take responsibility for ...

Expanding on its online Drug Facts Chat Day, the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) today announced it is launching National Drug Facts Week, a new national awareness week to bring together teens and scientific experts to discuss the facts about drug abuse.

The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) is fully engaged in technology transfer. NIDA views technology transfer as offering unique opportunities to establish collaborative relationships with the private sector in order to facilitate the transfer of research results into public health advances. Opportunities based upon basic research findings, applied research findings, and in potential product development are considered and appropriate agreements facilitating further research and development may be negotiated within the context of National Institutes of Health (NIH) policies. Technology transfer activities involving both extramural and intramural research are handled directly through an NIH interagency agreement with the National Cancer Institute's Technology Transfer Center, which provides services to support NIDA's technology development activities. Among these activities are: The exchange of confidential information under a Confidential Disclosure Agreement (CDA). The exchange of

Pathological and problem gambling refer to a class of disorders, including those meeting criteria for a psychiatric diagnosis, and others comprising a spectrum of severity defined by significant personal and social harm, that may be common in substance use treatment but are frequently unrecognised. This paper presents a systematic review and meta-analysis of available evidence indicating the prevalence of such gambling disorders in substance use treatment. It provides the best available estimates from studies of clinical samples of substance users, and suggests around 14% of patients that demonstrate comorbid pathological gambling. Around 23% suffer conditions along the broader spectrum of problem gambling. The review also highlights important limitations of existing evidence, including scant data on current versus lifetime comorbidity, as well as reliance on convenience samples and self-administered measures of gambling problems. Notwithstanding a concomitant need for caution when applying ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Fast Quantitative Detection of Cocaine in Beverages Using Nanoextractive Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry. AU - Hu, Bin. AU - Peng, Xuejiao. AU - Yang, Shuiping. AU - Gu, Haiwei. AU - Chen, Huanwen. AU - Huan, Yanfu. AU - Zhang, Tingting. AU - Qiao, Xiaolin. PY - 2010/2/1. Y1 - 2010/2/1. N2 - Without any sample pretreatment, effervescent beverage fluids were manually sprayed into the primary ion plume created by using a nanoelectrospray ionization source for direct ionization, and the analyte ions of interest were guided into an ion trap mass spectrometer for tandem mass analysis. Functional ingredients (e.g., vitamins, taurine, and caffeine, etc.) and spiked impurity (e.g., cocaine) in various beverages, such as Red Bull energy drink, Coco-cola, and Pepsi samples were rapidly identified within 1.5 s. The limit of detection was found to be 7 ∼ 15 fg (S/N = 3) for cocaine in different samples using the characteristic fragment (m/z 150) observed in the MS3 ...

CONCORD - Shariff Britton, 36, of Jersey City, New Jersey, was sentenced to 60 months in federal prison for possessing over 500 grams of cocaine with intent to distribute, United States Attorney Scott W. Murray announced today. According to court documents and statements made in court, on February 15, 2018, a New Hampshire State Police trooper patrolling I-95 stopped Britton for driving violations. During a later consensual search, the trooper located a backpack containing 1015 grams of cocaine. Britton was placed under arrest. After his arrest, Britton admitted that he was transporting the cocaine from New Jersey to Maine.. Britton previously pleaded guilty on September 5, 2019.. "Interstate drug traffickers are causing substantial damage to communities throughout Northern New England," said U.S. Attorney Murray. "Thanks to good police work, this drug trafficker is behind bars. This five-year prison term should serve as a warning to those who seek to profit from this dangerous trade. We will ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - T394A mutation at the µ opioid receptor blocks opioid tolerance and increases vulnerability to heroin self-administration in mice. AU - Wang, Xiao Fei. AU - Barbier, Elisabeth. AU - Chiu, Yi Ting. AU - He, Yi. AU - Zhan, Jia. AU - Bi, Guo Hua. AU - Zhang, Hai Ying. AU - Feng, Bo. AU - Liu-Chen, Lee Yuan. AU - Wang, Jia Bei. AU - Xi, Zheng Xiong. N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2016 the authors.. PY - 2016/10/5. Y1 - 2016/10/5. N2 - The etiology and pathophysiology underlying opioid tolerance and dependence are still unknown. Because mu opioid receptor (MOR) plays an essential role in opioid action, many vulnerability-related studies have focused on single nucleotide polymorphisms of MOR, particularly on A118G. In this study, we found that a single-point mutation at the MOR T394 phosphorylation site could be another important susceptive factor in the development of opioid tolerance and dependence in mice. T394A mutation, in which a threonine at 394 was replaced by an alanine, did ...

Prescription Opioid Misuse, Heroin, and Fentanyl. The United States is in the midst of an opioid overdose epidemic to include overdoses involving prescription opioid medications, heroin, and illicit fentanyl (a powerful synthetic opioid medication that is increasingly being produced illicitly). In 2015, more than 33,000 people died from overdoses involving opioids, which is up from more than 28,000 deaths in 2014. As in 2014, overdose deaths in 2015 involving prescription opioids (excluding the category of synthetic opioids that includes fentanyl) rose only slightly, suggesting that efforts in recent years to reduce the misuse of these drugs may be having an impact. Despite this, in 2015, 17,536 deaths involved an opioid medication and approximately 3.8 million people reported misusing such medications in the month prior to their interview. In 2015, the overall increase in overdose deaths was driven in large part by continued sharp increases in deaths involving heroin and synthetic opioids such ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Lateral hypothalamus is required for context-induced reinstatement of extinguished reward seeking. AU - Marchant, N. J.. AU - Hamlin, A.S.. AU - McNally, G. P.. N1 - Imported on 12 Apr 2017 - DigiTool details were: month (773h) = Feb 2009; Journal title (773t) = Journal of Neuroscience. ISSNs: 0270-6474; PY - 2009/2. Y1 - 2009/2. N2 - We studied the role of lateral hypothalamus (LH) in context-induced reinstatement (renewal) of reward seeking. Rats were trained to respond for 4% (v/v) alcoholic beer or 10% (w/v) sucrose reward in one context (Context A) before extinction training in a second context (Context B). On test, rats were returned to the training context, A (ABA), or the extinction context, B (ABB). Return to the training context (ABA) produced robust reinstatement. Reversible inactivation of LH via baclofen/muscimol infusion prevented context-induced reinstatement of beer and sucrose seeking. This prevention was specific to bilateral infusions into LH. We then used the ...

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Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is defined as free air in mediastinum without any underlying pulmonary pathology. Although spontaneous pneumomediastinum is a rarely seen clinical entity, it is one of the most common reasons of sudden pleuritic chest pain in healthy young individuals. Cocaine inhalation is also associated with the development of spontaneous pneumomediastinum. Our case having spontaneous pneumomediastinum was referred to our emergency service with the complaint of acute respiratory failure due to cocaine abuse, and the etiology, clinical presentation and the treatment of the disease were evaluated in our study. ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Minority Stress Theory. T2 - An Examination of Factors Surrounding Sexual Risk Behavior Among Gay and Bisexual Men Who Use Club Drugs. AU - Dentato, Michael P.. AU - Halkitis, Perry N.. AU - Orwat, John. PY - 2013/10. Y1 - 2013/10. N2 - Background: Few studies have examined the impact of minority stress theory (MST) upon sexual risk behavior among gay and bisexual men using club drugs. Similar studies have focused on ethnic minorities and women; however, gay and bisexual men demonstrate greater likelihood for risk behaviors leading to HIV/AIDS. Objective: This study examines sexual risk behavior from the perspective of minority stress theory upon substance-using gay and bisexual men and their partners. Methods: Multivariable logistic regression analysis examined minority stress associations with participant sexual risk behaviors, drug use, and partner type, controlling for demographics. Results: 396 gay and 54 bisexual respondents, ages 18-67, reported at least one-time drug use ...

A specific and remarkably small fragment of RNA appears to protect rats against cocaine addiction - and may also protect humans, according to a recent study funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), a component of the National Institutes of Health.

INTRODUCTION Opioid dependence is a chronic relapsing disorder that shows excess mortality and comorbidity with somatic and psychiatric disorders. Methadone and buprenorphine/naloxone are widely accepted and are used as first-line maintenance treatments for opioid dependence. Fatal intoxications with these agents, risk of diversion, and accidental intoxications, especially in children, are apparent risks and are of increasing public concern. Buprenorphine/naloxone sublingual tablet is an established treatment for opioid dependence. A novel buprenorphine/naloxone film has been developed with improved pharmacokinetics and a hopefully lower risk of diversion and accidental intoxications. AREAS COVERED This review evaluates the available preclinical and clinical data on the novel buprenorphine/naloxone film for the treatment of opioid dependence. Literature was identified though a comprehensive PubMed search and data sources included official FDA information. EXPERT OPINION This is an interesting new

TY - CONF. T1 - Reward networks changes in the brain of pathological gamblers: a resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging study. AU - Gagliardo, Cesare. AU - La Barbera, Daniele. AU - Piccoli, Tommaso. AU - Marrale, Maurizio. AU - Lagalla, Roberto. AU - Maniaci, Giuseppe. AU - Cannizzaro, Carla. AU - Collura, Giorgio. AU - La Tona, Giuseppe. PY - 2018. Y1 - 2018. N2 - Aims and objectivesTo investigate functional connectivity changes in pathological gamblers (PGs) in comparison to healthy controls (HCs) by means of resting state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (RS-fMRI).Methods and materialsThirteen HCs and fourteen PGs were recruited (all right handed males; drugs free; mean age 35.96±9.56). All subjects underwent brain scan using a 1,5T MRI scanner. Activations data of functionally linked brain regions were obtained using a multi-session temporal concatenated Independent Component Analysis (concat-ICA). The resulted components were than matched and compared between groups. ...

Internet pornography consumption is prevalent among college students and problematic for some, yet little is known regarding the psychological constructs underlying problematic Internet pornography use (PIPU). Drawing on the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution model, this study tested a model that sexual sensation seeking (SSS) would impact PIPU through online sexual activities (OSAs) and that this relationship would be influenced by the third-person effect (TPE; a social cognitive bias relating to perceived impacts on others as compared to oneself) in a gender-sensitive manner. A total of 808 Chinese college students (age range: 17-22 years, 57.7% male) were recruited and surveyed. Men scored higher than women on OSAs and PIPU and on each scale's component factors. The relationship between SSS and PIPU was mediated by OSAs, and the TPE moderated this relationship: the predictive path (SSS to PIPU) was significant only in participants with high TPE. The moderated mediation model was not

TY - JOUR. T1 - The association of level of internet use with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in South Korean adolescents. T2 - A focus on family structure and household economic status. AU - Lee, Seo Yoon. AU - Park, Eun Cheol. AU - Han, Kyu Tae. AU - Kim, Seung Ju. AU - Chun, Sung Youn. AU - Park, Sohee. PY - 2016/4. Y1 - 2016/4. N2 - Objective: To examine the association between the level of Internet addiction and suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in South Korean adolescents, focusing on the roles of family structure and household economic status. Methods: Data from 221 265 middle and high school students taken from the 2008-2010 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey were used in this study. To identify factors associated with suicidal ideation/attempts, multiple logistic regression analysis was performed. The level of Internet use was measured using the simplified Korean Internet Addiction Self-assessment Tool. Results: Compared with mild users of the Internet, high-risk ...

Figure. QTc interval prolongation and an episode of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia are observed.. The biochemical parameters showed low serum potassium concentrations in 2 cases, whereas calcium and magnesium levels were normal in all patients. In addition, various toxic substances were detected in urine.. The echocardiogram showed severe biventricular dysfunction in 1 of the patients; ventricular function was normal in all others. After methadone was discontinued and magnesium sulfate, isoproterenol perfusion, and potassium supplements were started, polymorphic ventricular tachycardia disappeared within 7 hours of admission. After 2-3 days, methadone treatment was resumed at the usual doses, with the QTc interval progressively returning to normal in 3 cases; the fourth patient requested voluntary withdrawal before the study was completed.. DISCUSSION. Methadone has been widely used for the treatment of heroine addiction and chronic pain for more than 3 decades. It is generally ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Sex differences in activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis by methamphetamine. AU - Zuloaga, Damian G.. AU - Johnson, Lance A.. AU - Agam, Maayan. AU - Raber, Jacob. PY - 2014. Y1 - 2014. N2 - Dysregulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation is associated with changes in addiction-related behaviors. In this study, we tested whether sex differences in the acute effects of methamphetamine (MA) exposure involve differential activation of the HPA axis. Male and female mice were injected with MA (1 mg/kg) or saline for comparison of plasma corticosterone and analysis of the immediate early gene c-Fos in brain. There was a prolonged elevation in corticosterone levels in female compared to male mice. C-Fos was elevated in both sexes following MA in HPA axis-associated regions, including the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), central amygdala, cingulate, and CA3 hippocampal region. MA increased the number of c-Fos and c-Fos/glucocorticoid ...