Page contains details about glutaric acid-modified dendrimer polyamidoamine dendrimer generation 5.0 . It has composition images, properties, Characterization methods, synthesis, applications and reference articles : nano.nature.com

Credence Research has recently issued a new market assessment report titled "Surgical Polypropylene Mesh Market - Growth, Future Prospects and Competitive Analysis 2017 to 2025". The global Surgical Polypropylene Mesh Market study provides a comprehensive view of the ongoing and future phases of the Edible Insects industry based on parameters such as major commercial events, research initiatives, government guidelines, market drivers, restraints and opportunities and detailed industry segmentation and regional distribution.. Browse the report at http://www.credenceresearch.com/report/surgical-polypropylene-mesh-market. Based on geographic/regional distribution the global Surgical Polypropylene Mesh Market is studied for key regional markets focusing on the respective geographic trends and statistics, and thereby delivering market size and forecast values. The Surgical Polypropylene Mesh Market based on geographic classification is studied for North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, ...

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We investigated sequence-specific DNA alkylation using conjugates between the N-methylpyrrole (Py)-N-methylimidazole (Im) polyamide and the DNA alkylating agent, chlorambucil, or 1-(chloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-1, 2-dihydro-3H-benz[e]indole (seco-CBI). Polyamide-chlorambucil conjugates 1-4 differed in the position at which the DNA alkylating chlorambucil moiety was bound to the Py-Im polyamide. High-resolution denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) revealed that chlorambucil conjugates 1-4 alkylated DNA at the sequences recognized by the Py-Im polyamide core moiety. Reactivity and sequence specificity were greatly affected by the conjugation position, which reflects the geometry of the alkylating agent in the DNA minor groove. Polyamide-seco-CBI conjugate 5 was synthesized to compare the efficacy of chlorambucil with that of seco-CBI as an alkylating moiety for Py-Im polyamides. Denaturing PAGE analysis revealed that DNA alkylation activity of polyamide-seco-CBI conjugate 5 was similar ...

A new class of dendrimers has promising antibiotic activity, killing prokaryotic bacteria cells while remaining largely nontoxic to eukaryotic human cells (J. Am. Chem. Soc., DOI: 10.1021/ja806912a). Chemistry and biomedical engineering professor Mark W. Grinstaff, postdoc Steven R. Meyers, and colleagues at Boston University synthesized two anionic amphiphilic dendrimers, based in part on past evidence that dendrimers with anionic charges are relatively nontoxic to animals. The group patched the dendrimers together from succinic acid, glycerol, and myristic acid, and then tested the resulting molecules' toxicity. One dendrimer in particular was 36 times more toxic to a strain of the gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis than to human umbilical vein endothelial cells. The dendrimers form supramolecular structures in solution, which appear to be correlated with their toxicity, Grinstaff says. The researchers believe the dendrimers could prove to be useful leads in the search for more ...

Yusuf Gunay, MD, Alyssa Capper, BA, Isaac Samuel, MD, Mohammad K Jamal, MD. University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA.. Introduction: Laparoscopic ventral hernia repair (LVHR) with mesh is gaining popularity given superior cosmetic and long term outcomes. There are several kinds of mesh and various techniques available for performing LVHR. The aim of our study was to analyze the results of LVHR using ultra-lightweight polypropylene (ULWP) mesh and multiple transfascial sutures.. Materials and methods: One hundred and seventy eight consecutive patients underwent ventral hernia repair by a single surgeon at our institution between December 2005 and September 2009. Of these, 96 patients had the procedure performed laparoscopically using ULWP mesh and had at least a 12 month follow-up. The standard surgical technique involved the use of ULWP mesh placed in an intraperitoneal onlay (IPOM) fashion. Multiple transfascial sutures placed 3 cm apart and tackers were used to secure the mesh ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Growth arrest- and polyamine-dependent expression of spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase in human tumor cells. AU - Ignatenko, Natalia. AU - Gerner, Eugene W.. PY - 1996/4. Y1 - 1996/4. N2 - Polyamines are essential for optimal cell growth. The regulation of polyamine biosynthetic, but not catabolic, enzymes has been studied in detail. Because intracellular polyamine contents depend on both synthesis and catabolism, we studied the regulation of spermidine/spermine N1- acetyltransferase (N1SSAT), the first enzyme in polyamine catabolism. Steady-state RNA levels of N1SSAT increased 3-5 fold as human colon tumor- derived HCT116 cells traversed the log phase and entered the plateau phase. Depletion of cellular polyamines, using α-difluoromethylornithine, caused a decrease in the steady-state levels of both the 1.3-kb N1SSAT transcript and its 3.5-kb precursor, without affecting the stability of either RNA. N1SSAT enzyme activity was low in cells with normal polyamine contents ...

A ventral hernia usually occurs when the muscles in the abdominal wall, where a previous surgical incision was made, have weakened and so a bulge or a tear results. The thing is that a hernia does not heal itself in time, on the contrary, it may even get worse, so you have to have a ventral hernia repair. The ventral hernia repair can be done laparoscopically, and this is the best technique you could opt for, because it has many benefits.. First, once you have a laparoscopic ventral repair procedure, you will not have to stay in the hospital. You will be able to go home that same day that you had the laparoscopic ventral hernia repair, or the next day. In this way, due to the shortened hospital stay, you will be able to return more quickly to your normal activities and routine. All you have to do before the ventral hernia repair procedure is to get informed and to talk to your doctor, so he/ she can tell you if you are a viable candidate. In order to determine that, you will probably have to do ...

In order to improve drug entrapment efficiency and loading capacity, nanostructured lipid carriers consisting of solid lipid and liquid lipid as a new type of colloidal drug delivery system were prepared. The dispersions of oridonin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers were successfully prepared by the emulsion-evaporation and low temperature-solidification technique using monostearin as the solid lipid, caprylic/capric triglycerides as the liquid lipid and oridonin as the model drug. Their physicochemical properties of oridonin-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers and release behaviours were investigated and compared with those of solid lipid nanoparticles. As a result, the mean particle size was similar to 200 nm with narrow polydispersity index lower than 0.4 for all developed formulations. Zeta potential values were in the range -35 mV similar to -50 mV, providing good physical stability of all formulations. The differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray ...

Watch World Laparoscopy Hospital's Laparoscopic Incisional Hernia Repair by IPOM Plus Technique and Titanized Mesh on Livestream.com. This video demonstrates Laparoscopic Incisional Hernia Repair by IPOM Plus Technique and Titanized Mesh. For large incisional hernia repair, IPOM-Plus seems to be more effective than sIPOM in terms of reducing mesh bulging. Laparoscopic repair of hernia is the method of choice for all type of hernia. The laparoscopic repair of incarcerated incisional hernias is still debated in the literature. The recent EAES/EHS guidelines state that laparoscopic surgery is not contraindicated in most of the hernia and may be considered in selected patients with an incarcerated hernia. For more information: https://www.laparoscopyhospital.com/a...

Polyamine-biosynthesis activity is known to be negatively regulated by intracellular polyamine pools. Accordingly, treatment of cultured L1210 cells with 10 microM-spermine rapidly and significantly lowered ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (AdoMetDC) activities in a sequential manner. By contrast, treatment for 48 h with 10 microM of the unsaturated spermine analogue 6-spermyne lowered AdoMetDC activity, but not ODC activity. An initial decrease in ODC activity at 2 h was attributed to a transient increase in free intracellular spermidine and spermine brought about through their displacement by the analogue. Thereafter, ODC activity recovered steadily to control values as 6-spermyne pools increased and spermidine and spermine pools decreased owing to analogue suppression of AdoMetDC activity. The apparent ability of 6-spermyne to regulate AdoMetDC, but not ODC, activity suggests an interesting structure-function correlation and demonstrates that the typical ...

Ελληνική Γαστροεντερολογική Εταιρία. Annals of Gastroenterology.Τμήμα περιοδικού.Επιστημονικό άρθρο.Άρθρο.2011 . Creators: Kaswala, Dharmesh, Zamir, Brelvi, Asha, Bale, Xin, Zhang, Marcin, Szember, Gandhi, Divyangkumar.Incisional hernias following abdominal operations are a common complication. Mesh is frequently employed in repair of these hernias. Given the popularity of minimally invasive surgery utilizing polypropylene mesh for incisional hernia repair, related complications such postoperative hematoma and seroma, foreign body reaction, organ injury, infection, mesh rejection, and fistula are being noted. Mesh migration is an infrequent occurrence, and is rarely reported in the literature. Those that are usually involve the urinary bladder. In particular, review of literature shows that no reports of cases of mesh migration into the cecum several years after an open type incisional hernia repair. We present a case of delayed

Plants are nature's remedies and have been used by human beings on earth since ancient times for food and medicine. Today there are global movements towards finding of herbal medicaments in plants to bring them in market via a suitable drug delivery system for mankind. The basic thought behind it is treatment of each disease is hidden in nature. However, delivery of herbal drugs also requires modification with the purpose to achieve sustain release, to increase patient compliance etc. previously herbal drugs could not attract scientists towards the modifications of novel drug delivery systems due to processing, standardizing, extracting and identification difficulties. But now days with the advancement in the technology, novel drug delivery systems (NDDS) open the door towards the development of herbal novel drug delivery system. With use of advance techniques protection from toxicity, enhancement in stability, improved bioavailability of herbal formulations, protection from physical and ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): During Pneumocystis pneumonia (PcP), the number of alveolar macrophages (AMs) falls, impairing the innate immune system. This defect is mainly due to increased rate of apoptosis caused by elevated levels of intracellular polyamines. Preliminary results indicate that the levels of ornithine decarboxylase, antizyme inhibitor, and polyamine oxidase that are involved in polyamine synthesis and catabolism are increased during the infection. Increased expression of antizyme inhibitor (AZI) leads to increased polyamine production and uptake, thus raising intracellular polyamine and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. ROS damage the mitochondria of AMs, resulting in apoptosis. The central hypothesis of this project is that preventing the increase in intracellular polyamine levels will improve the vitality of AMs, leading to a more effective organism clearance. The long-term goal of this project is to understand the mechanism of pathogenesis of PcP and to develop ...

BACKGROUND: There are various ways of fixating an intraperitoneal onlay mesh during a laparoscopic ventral hernia repair. The risk of complications is high, and around 22% of the hernias will recur within 3.5 years. The aim of this study was to assess if sutures in addition to tack fixation would reduce the re-operation rate for recurrence compared with permanent tacks without sutures.. METHODS: This study was based on the data from the nationwide Danish Ventral Hernia Database, which contains information of ventral hernia repairs from all hospitals in Denmark. Two different cohorts of patients were created and analyzed separately. The primary outcome was the re-operation rate for recurrence, analyzed with the Cox regression model and illustrated with a Kaplan-Meier plot adjusted for confounders. The follow-up period was defined as months from the first hernia repair to re-operation for recurrence, death, or the 1st of June 2017.. RESULTS: The first cohort included 598 patients with absorbable ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Comparison of 2-Octyl Cyanoacrylate Topical Skin Adhesive and Simple Interrupted Nylon Sutures for Wound Closure in Ankle Fracture Surgery. AU - Park, Young Hwan. AU - Song, Jong Hyub. AU - Choi, Gi Won. AU - Kim, Hak Jun. PY - 2018/7/1. Y1 - 2018/7/1. N2 - Background: Multiple options are available for closure of incisions in ankle fracture surgery. The aim of our study was to compare postoperative outcomes between conventional simple interrupted nylon sutures and 2-octyl cyanoacrylate as a topical skin adhesive to close the incision after ankle fracture surgery. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 367 consecutive patients (174 simple interrupted nylon suture patients and 193 topical skin adhesive patients) who underwent operative treatment for ankle fracture between 2010 and 2015. Development of wound complications, operative time, Olerud-Molander Ankle Score (OMAS), and patient satisfaction with the wound were compared. The demographics between the 2 groups ...

Cure characteristics and mechanical properties of short nylon fiber reinforced acrylonitrile butadiene rubber-reclaimed rubber composites were studied. Minimum torque, (maximum-minimum) torque and cure rate increased with fiber concentration. Scorch time and cure time decreased by the addition of fibers. Properties like tensile strength, tear strength, elongation at break, abrasion loss and heat build up were studied in both orientations of fibers. Tensile and tear properties were enhanced by the addition of fibers and were higher in the longitudinal direction. Heat build up increased with fiber concentration and were higher in the longitudinal direction. Abrasion resistance was improved in presence of short fibers and was higher in the longitudinal direction. Resilience increased on the introduction of fibers. Compression set was higher for blends ...

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TY - JOUR. T1 - Induction of human spermine oxidase SMO(PAOh1) is regulated at the levels of new mRNA synthesis, mRNA stabilization and newly synthesized protein. AU - Wang, Yanlin. AU - Hacker, Amy. AU - Murray-Stewart, Tracy. AU - Fleischer, Jennifer G.. AU - Woster, Patrick M.. AU - Casero, Robert A.. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2005/3/15. Y1 - 2005/3/15. N2 - The oxidation of polyamines induced by antitumour polyamine analogues has been associated with tumour response to specific agents. The human spermine oxidase, SMO(PAOh1), is one enzyme that may play a direct role in the cellular response to the antitumour polyamine analogues. In the present study, the induction of SMO(PAOh1) enzyme activity by CPENSpm [N1-ethyl-N 11-(cyclopropyl)methyl-4,8,diazaundecane] is demonstrated to be a result of newly synthesized mRNA and protein. Inhibition of new RNA synthesis by actinomycin D inhibits both the appearance of SMO(PAOh1) mRNA and enzyme activity. ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Effect of Inhibitors of S-Adenosylmethionine Decarboxylase on Polyamine Content and Growth of L1210 Cells. AU - Pegg, Anthony. AU - Jones, Daniel B.. AU - Secrist, John A.. PY - 1988/3/1. Y1 - 1988/3/1. N2 - Analogues of S-adenosylmethionine that were designed as inhibitors of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase were tested for their abilities to inhibit the purified enzyme from rat prostate. The most potent inhibitors were 5′-deoxy-5′-[N-methyl-N-[2-(aminooxy)ethyl]amino]adenosine (MAOEA) and 5′-deoxy-5′-[N-methyl-N-(3-hydrazinopropyl)amino]adenosine (MHZPA), which had I50values of 400 nM and 70 nM, respectively, when added directly to the assay medium under standard conditions. These compounds were irreversible inactivators of the enzyme, and more than 95% of the activity was lost within 15 min of exposure to 5 μM MAOEA or 0.5 μM MHZPA. Both inhibitors led to a large reduction in the content of decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine in LI210 cells and to a substantial ...

BACKGROUND Ventral hernia repair with mesh is increasingly common, but the incidence of long-term complications that necessitate mesh explantation is unknown. We aimed to determine the epidemiology of mesh explantation after ventral hernia repair and to compare this with common bile duct injury, a dreaded complication of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. STUDY DESIGN We evaluated a retrospective cohort of patients undergoing ventral hernia repair by linking the all-payers State Inpatient Databases and State Ambulatory Surgery Databases for New York, California, and Florida. We followed patients longitudinally from 2005 to 2011 for the primary end point of mesh explantation, designated by concurrent procedure codes for ventral hernia repair and foreign body removal. We determined time to mesh explantation and calculated cumulative costs for surgical care, comparing these with historical data for common bile duct injury. RESULTS During the study period, 619,751 patients underwent at least one ventral

According to a new market report published by Transparency Market Research "Pulmonary Drug Delivery Systems Market(Products- Metered Dose Inhalers, Dry Powder Inhalers and Nebulizers; Applications- Asthma, COPD and Cystic Fibrosis) - Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast, 2013 - 2019," the global pulmonary drug delivery systems market was valued at USD 21.03billion in 2012 and is expected to grow at a CAGR of4.5% from 2013 to 2019, to reach an estimated value of USD 28.70billion in 2019.. Browse Global Pulmonary Drug Delivery Systems Market Report with Full TOC at http://www.transparencymarketresearch.com/pulmonary-drug-delivery-systems.html. Pulmonary drug delivery systems use the respiratory tract to deliver medications to treat diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cystic fibrosis. The history of use of these systems dates back to over 60 years ago, when these systems were initially indicated for treating only respiratory ...

This review exposes the current poor understanding of the internal segmental chain dynamics of dendrimers in solution probed by monitoring the process of excimer formation between pyrene labels covalently attached to the chain ends of dendrimers. The review begins by covering the bases of fluorescence and the kinetics of pyrene excimer formation before describing a procedure based on the Model Free (MF) analysis that is used to analyze quantitatively the fluorescence decays acquired for dendrimers, the ends of which have been fully and covalently labeled with pyrene. Comparison of the various trends obtained by different research groups describing the efficiency of pyrene excimer formation with the generation number of dendrimers illustrates the lack of consensus between the few studies devoted to the topic. One possible reason for this disagreement might reside in the presence of minute amounts of unattached pyrene labels which act as potent fluorescent impurities and affect the analysis of the

Polymeric networks that retain and absorb substantial amount of water or biological fluids and resemble as a biological tissue are defined as hydrogels. On the other hand, liposomes, transfersomes and niosomes are lipid carriers, which represent one of the major research and development focus areas of the pharmaceutical industry. They have great potential as lipid vehicles that are able to enhance permeation of drugs across the intact skin and can act as local depot for the drug to sustain and control its delivery. Lipid carrier and hydrogel combinations offer transdermal drug delivery of great potential to enhance systemic effects of both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. Also, lipid carriers can target drugs to skin appendages and improve transdermal delivery. Lipid carrier proform systems in the form of gelly liquid crystals can also be used transdermally for better drug absorption enhancement. This review highlights the potential of hydrogels and emulgels with or without lipid nanocarriers for

TY - JOUR. T1 - Precise grafting of macrocyclics and dendrons to a linear polymer chain. AU - Amir, Faheem. AU - Hossain, Md D.. AU - Jia, Zhongfan. AU - Monteiro, Michael J.. PY - 2016/8/31. Y1 - 2016/8/31. N2 - Sequential growth of multifunctional telechelic polymer chains was used here to produce three, four or seven HO-functionalities equally spaced along the polymer backbone. The telechelic building block consisted of a halide group on one end and both a hydroxyl and alkyne group on the other end. The key was to maintain the halide end-group on the telechelic polymer chain during the CuAAC coupling reaction after each sequential growth. This was accomplished by using the combination of the PMDETA ligand and toluene as a solvent to produce significantly faster rates of CuAAC coupling reaction over halide abstraction. The HO-functionalities were then converted to azide groups allowing further CuAAC reactions with either alkyne polymeric dendrons or cyclics to produce equally spaced grafts ...

TY - PAT. T1 - Drug carriers comprising amphiphilic block copolymers. AU - Lewis, Andrew. AU - Armes, S.P.. AU - Lloyd, Andrew. AU - Salvage, Jonathan. PY - 2005/10/6. Y1 - 2005/10/6. N2 - An aqueous composition comprises an amphiphilic block copolymer, having a hydrophilic block comprising pendant zwitterionic groups and a hydrophobic block, and a biologically active compound associated with the polymer. The polymer is preferably in the form of micelles, and preferably the biological active is a hydrophobic drug, for instance having a calculated or experimentally determined logP of at least 1.0, where P is the octanol:water partition coefficient. The hydrophilic block is preferably formed from acrylic monomer including phosphoryicholine groups. The hydrophobic group is suitably formed from monomer which has groups which can be ionised at useful pH's, especially tertiary amine groups. Micelles may be formed by dissolving the block copolymer in aqueous solvent at a pH at which the amine groups ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Spermine synthase deficiency resulting in X-linked intellectual disability (Snyder-Robinson syndrome).. AU - Schwartz, Charles E.. AU - Wang, Xaiojing. AU - Stevenson, Roger E.. AU - Pegg, Anthony. PY - 2011/5/25. Y1 - 2011/5/25. N2 - Polyamines, small positively charged molecules, are vital for cell proliferation and differentiation. They are found ubiquitously in eukaryotic cells. Additionally, they interact with a wide range of other molecules and some membrane associated receptors. Polyamines, spermidine and spermine, are synthesized by two aminopropyltransferases, spermidine synthase and spermine synthase. Recently, mutations in the latter enzyme have been shown to be responsible for an X-linked intellectual disability condition known as Snyder-Robinson syndrome. Spermine synthase deficiency is thus far the only known polyamine deficiency syndrome in humans.. AB - Polyamines, small positively charged molecules, are vital for cell proliferation and differentiation. They are ...

In this proof-of-concept study, an agricultural biocide (imidacloprid) was effectively loaded into the mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) with different pore sizes, morphologies and mesoporous structures for termite control. This resulted in nanoparticles with a large surface area, tunable pore diameter and small particle size, which are ideal carriers for adsorption and controlled release of imidacloprid. The effect of pore size, surface area and mesoporous structure on uptake and release of imidacloprid was systematically studied. It was found that the adsorption amount and release profile of imidacloprid were dependent on the type of mesoporous structure and surface area of particles. Specifically, MCM-48 type mesoporous silica nanoparticles with a three dimensional (3D) open network structure and high surface area displayed the highest adsorption capacity compared to other types of silica nanoparticles. Release of imidacloprid from these nanoparticles was found to be controlled over 48 ...

Dendrimers are highly branched, open, covalent assemblies of branch cells (monomers) radially attached to a core in successive layers or generations. Major types of dendrimers include polyamidoamine, polypropylenimine, multiple antigen peptide, chiral, and Fréchet-type dendrimers. Their structure and dynamics can be explored by various techniques, such as scattering, spectrometry, and microscopy techniques. Specifically, the scattering techniques include small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), quasi-elastic neutron scattering (QENS), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and light scattering. Examples of their properties that can be explored by scattering techniques include: inter-molecular structure, intra-molecular cavity, radius-of-gyration (RG), hydrodynamic radius (RH), molecular weight, effective charge number of a single dendrimer molecule, water penetration into the interior of the dendrimers, and the internal dynamics. Of these properties, the hydrodynamic radius and molecular weight may be

Have smooth surface. • Introduction • Definition • Goals of suturing • Suture materials - Requisites of ideal suture - Classification - Selection of suture material - Absorption of suture material - Biological response of body to suture. Title: Suture materials 1 Suture materials Mudasir Bashir m.v.sc scholar 4856 2 Objectives. Monofilament nylon suture has a great deal Dressing products should be selected on the basis of the type and characteristics of the wound. Figures 3-26 through 3-29 illustrate the handling and preparation of suture materials. Cause minimum tissue reaction. Natural suture materials include silk. Common suture materials and suggested indications for their use Table of when to use different types of sutures Examples Synthetic or Natural Suggested Indications Absorbable Monofilament CatgutChromic Catgut Natural Rarely used PDS™ (Polydioxanone)Monocryl™ (Polycaprone Glycolide) Maxon™ (Polyglyconate) Synthetic Buried dermal sutures or continuous subcuticular ...

Futuristic Reports, gives excellent assurance of the report, integrated from various professional and trusted sources. Global Transdermal Drug Delivery System market report 2020, offers significant knowledge about market players, segments, revenue, profit, restrain, share, size, etc. Transdermal Drug Delivery System Report analysis is done on the basis of quality content assurance and from highly educated and experienced analyst. While providing and collecting Transdermal Drug Delivery System information for the report, many of the circumstances have been taken care of to get best at high quality data and particular knowledge of the market in upcoming years (forecast).. Global Transdermal Drug Delivery System Market Organizations are confronting issues in keeping their offices completely useful because of a lack of staff and assets in the midst of the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) flare-up. Get a hands-on over key drivers and menace to the Transdermal Drug Delivery System market to prepare your company ...

Sujith Wijerathne, Raquel Maia, Hrishikesh Salgaonkar, Wee Boon Tan, Lynette Loo, Davide Lomanto. National University Hospital, Singapore. Introduction: A femoral hernia is a less common type of hernia. It is estimated to account for less than 5% of all abdominal wall hernias. Only about 1 in every 20 groin hernias are femoral hernias. They are found more commonly in females due to wider shape of pelvis. Laparoscopy by offering magnification and better vision provides us the opportunity for clear visualization of the myopectineal orifice. Laparoscopy seems to be a safe and feasible approach for femoral hernia repair in an Asian population. Case Description: Between 2013 and 2016, 70 consecutive patients with femoral hernia who underwent laparoscopic hernia repair were prospectively studied. Patient demographics, hernia characteristics, operating time, conversion rate, intraoperative, postoperative complications and recurrence were measured.. Discussion: Total of 83 femoral hernias were repaired, ...

In recent years, essential oil has been the subject matter of many investigations due to its eco-friendly and bio-degradable nature. Geranium oil is one of the various essential oils that are used as mosquito repellent. However, stability is one of the issues related to essential oil fonnulations. Incorporation of essential oil in a control-release formulation could solve the problem and it also offers several advantages. In this work, a new delivery system for mosquito repellent based on the incorporation of geranium oil into solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) has been studied. The following has been employed for the production of geranium oil loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (GO-SLNs): 5-15% (w/w) stearic acid as the lipid, 0.5-3% (w/w) soy lecithin as the emulsifier, 0.5-3% (w/w) Tween 80 as the co-emulsifier, 5-20% (w/w) dichloromethane also as the co-emulsifier and 8% (w/w) geranium oil as the active ingredient. GO-SLNs were prepared using ultrasonicsolvent emulsification technique. GO-SLNS ...

The present invention provides a thermoplastic resin sheet having a thermoplastic resin expanded layer of which expansion ratio is in the range of 3 to 40 times, and cell wall density ratio is in the range of 2 to 20, said thermoplastic resin sheet having excellent thermal insulation property, and a container being formed from the thermoplastic resin sheet.

Cellulose/Guar Gum Hydrogel Microspheres as a Magnetic Anticancer Drug Carrier. Yanli Li,a,b Yucheng Feng,a,b Jun Jing,a and Fei Yang *,a,b. A novel magnetic anticancer drug carrier based on cellulose, guar gum, and Fe3O4 hydrogel microspheres was synthesized by chemical crosslinking. These microspheres were crosslinked with epoxy chloropropane and loaded with 5-fluorouracil (5-fu). The effect of the ratio of cellulose to guar gum on bead size, drug loading, and in vitro release behaviors were investigated. The influence of the magnetic content on drug loading and in vitro release behaviors were also evaluated. The magnetic hydrogel microspheres were characterized via an optical microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, swelling behavior analysis, vibrating sample magnetometer, and ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy. The results showed that as the ratio of cellulose to guar gum increased from 3:1 to 5:1, the particle size increased from 395 to 459 um. Moreover, the drug loading ...

A hernia is caused by the protrusion of a viscus (in the case of groin hernias, an intraabdominal organ) through a weakness in the containing wall. This weakness may be inherent, as in the case of inguinal, femoral and umbilical hernias. On the other hand, the weakness may be caused by surgical incision through the muscles of the abdominal/thoracic wall. Hernias occurring through these are called incisional hernias. Femoral hernias occur just below the inguinal ligament, when abdominal contents pass through a naturally occurring weakness called the femoral canal. Femoral hernias are a relatively uncommon type, accounting for only 3% of all hernias. While femoral hernias can occur in both males and females, almost all of them develop in women because of the wider bone structure of the female pelvis. Femoral hernias are more common in adults than in children. Those that do occur in children are more likely to be associated with a connective tissue disorder or with conditions that increase ...

We study the structure of carboxylic acid terminated neutral poly(propyl ether imine)(PETIM) dendrimer from generations 1-6(G1-G6)in a good solvent (water)by fully atomistic molecular dynamics (MD)simulations. We determine as a function of generation the structural properties such as radius of gyration, shape tensor, asphericity, fractal dimension, monomer density distribution, and end-group distribution functions. The sizes obtained from the MD simulations have been validated by small angle x-ray scattering experiment on dendrimer of generations 2-4(G2-G4) A good agreement between the experimental and theoretical value of radius of gyration has been observed.We find a linear increase in radius of gyration with the generation. In contrast, $R_g$ scales as $\sim N^x$ with the number of monomers. We find two distinct exponents depending on the generations, x=0.47 for G1-G3 and x=0.28 for G3-G6, which reveal their nonspace filling nature. In comparison with the amine terminated ...

ETHICON SUTURE |BR| ALL TYPES , ALL SIZES ETHICON SUTURE ETHICON SUTURES SUTURE SUTURE SURGICAL SUTURE SURGERY SUTURE SUTURE ABSORBALE SUTURE ABSORBEABLE SUTURE NYLON SUTURE ETHICON SUTURE ETHYLON SUTURE PRECUT SUTURE SYNTHETIC SUTURE SURGICAL SUTURES SURGERY SUTURES SUTURES ABSORBALE SUTURES ABSORBEABLE SUTURES NYLON SUTURES ETHICON SUTURES ETHYLON SUTURES PRECUT SUTURES SYNTHETIC SUTURES SPOOL SPOOLS Ethicon J500G j500g SUTURE SUTURES SURGICAL SUTURE SURGICAL SUTURES SURGERY SUTURE ethicon ethicon suture ethicon sutures ethicone ethicone suture ethicone suture ETHICON VICRYL SUTURE ETHICON VICRYL SUTURES ETHICONE VICRYL SUTURE ETHICONE VICRYL SUTURES VICRYL SUTURE VICRYL SUTURES ETHICON polyester SUTURE ETHICON polyester SUTURES ETHICONE polyester SUTURE ETHICONE polyester SUTURES polyester SUTURE polyester SUTURES ethicon pds ethicon pds suture pds suture ethicon pds sutures pds ETHICON SUTURES STAINLESS STEEL SURGICAL STEEL SUTURES SURGICALSTEEL SUTURE SURGICAL STEEL SUTURE SURGICALSTEEL SUTURES

This study investigated the encapsulation and photocatalysis of chlorophenol compounds in water using porphyrin-(polystyrene-b-2-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate) star polymer. The chloride ions generated during photocatalytic process were identified and quantified. 2, 4, 6-trichlorophenol, pentachlorophenol and 2, 4-dichlorophenol were satisfactorily decomposed in the photo-reactor using porphyrin-(polystyrene-b-2-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate) star polymer, with removal efficiencies of 2454, 498 and 760 mg per gram of porphyrin-(polystyrene-b-2-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate) star polymer. The half-life times reached around 30 minutes, with the exception of that for 2, 4- dichlorophenol. The porphyrin-(polystyrene-b-2-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate) star polymer impregnated porphyrin is a promising photocatalyst for the removal of chlorophenols ...

Anne-Marie Caminade. 2.1 Introduction 35. 2.2 Spectroscopy and Spectrometry 36. 2.2.1 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) 36. 2.2.2 Mass Spectrometry 40. 2.2.3 X-ray Diffraction 41. 2.2.4 Infrared (IR) and Raman Spectroscopy 42. 2.2.5 Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-vis) Spectroscopy 43. 2.2.6 Fluorescence 44. 2.2.7 Chirality, Optical Rotation, and Circular Dichroism (CD) 45. 2.2.8 Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) 45. 2.2.9 Electrochemistry 46. 2.2.10 Magnetometry 46. 2.2.11 Mössbauer Spectroscopy 46. 2.2.12 X-ray Spectroscopies 47. 2.3 Scattering Techniques 47. 2.3.1 Laser Light Scattering (LLS) 47. 2.3.2 Small-Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) 47. 2.3.3 Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) and. Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering (WAXS) 48. 2.4 Microscopy 48. 2.4.1 Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) 49. 2.4.2 Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) 49. 2.4.3 Polarizing Optical Microscopy (POM) 50. 2.5 Rheology and Physical Characterizations 50. 2.5.1 Intrinsic Viscosity 50. 2.5.2 Differential Scanning Calorimetry ...

The native metallic oxide skin (i.e. Ga2O3) of LM that forms spontaneously around the droplets can be used as a nucleation site to initiate a polymerization reaction and for in situ functionalization of LM nanodroplets (Fig. 2b). Yan et al. introduced surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) as a versatile synthesis method for LM-polymer nanocomposites.41 Polymer-coated LM nanodroplets are highly stable in organic solvents, in water, and in polymer matrices at high concentrations (up to 50 wt%). Various thermoset and thermoelastic polymer brushes such as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly(n-butyl methacrylate) (PBMA), poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) and poly(n-butyl acrylate) (PBA) were grafted from EGaIn nanodroplets using SI-ATRP. The size of LM droplets varied from ∼100 nm to 1 μm for different monomers and synthetic parameters selected for ATRP reactions (Fig. 2b). Each of these polymers have different glass transition temperatures (Tg) and ...

Estrogenic hormones are classically thought to exert their effects by binding to nuclear estrogen receptors and altering target gene transcription, but estrogens can also have nongenomic effects through rapid activation of membrane-initiated kinase cascades. The development of ligands that selectively activate only the nongenomic pathways would provide useful tools to investigate the significance of these pathways. We have prepared large, abiotic, nondegradable poly(amido)amine dendrimer macromolecules that are conjugated to multiple estrogen molecules through chemically robust linkages. Because of their charge and size, these estrogen-dendrimer conjugates (EDCs) remain outside the nucleus. They stimulate ERK, Shc, and Src phosphorylation in MCF-7 breast cancer cells at low concentrations, yet they are very ineffective in stimulating transcription of endogenous estrogen target genes, being approximately 10,000-fold less potent than estradiol in genomic actions. In contrast to estradiol, EDC was ...

A thermoplastic resin composition with improved flame retardance, flow and heat deflection temperature includes a thermoplastic resin; resorcinol diphenyl phosphate; and an additive blend. The additive blend includes a combination of melamine polyphosphate and ferrocene. The thermoplastic composition reduces the amounts of resorcinol diphenyl phosphate required for effective flame retardancy. Moreover, the effective amounts of melamine polyphosphate and ferrocene do not deleteriously affect other properties of the thermoplastic composition such as Izod strength, flow properties, and heat deflection temperatures. A process for manufacturing a thermoplastic composition is also disclosed.

TY - JOUR. T1 - Benefits and Harms of Phosphate Binders in CKD. T2 - A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. AU - Navaneethan, Sankar D.. AU - Palmer, Suetonia C.. AU - Craig, Jonathan C.. AU - Elder, Grahame J.. AU - Strippoli, Giovanni F.M.. PY - 2009/10/1. Y1 - 2009/10/1. N2 - Background: Phosphate binders are widely used to control serum phosphorus levels in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We analyzed the effects of phosphate binders on biochemical and patient-level end points in patients with CKD. Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis by searching MEDLINE (1966 to April 2009), EMBASE (1980 to April 2009), and the Cochrane Renal Group Specialised Register and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). Setting & Population: Patients with CKD. Selection Criteria for Studies: Randomized controlled trials. Intervention: Phosphate binders. Outcomes: Serum phosphorus, calcium, and parathyroid hormone levels; incidence of hypercalcemia; ...

The present study involves preparation and evaluation of gastric-mucoadhesive microparticles with Metformin Hydrochloride as model drug for prolongation of gastric residence time. The microparticles were prepared by the emulsification solvent evaporation technique using polymers of Carbomer 934p (C) and Ethylcellulose (EC). The microparticles were prepared by emulsion solvent evaporation method (O1/O2). Disc formulations were prepared by direct compression technique from microparticles. In the current study, gastric-mucoadhesive microparticles with different polymers ratios (CP:EC) were prepared and were characterized by encapsulation efficiency, particle size, flowability, mucoadhesive property and drug release studies. The best polymers ratio was 1:3 (F2) with Carbomer 934p (as mucoadhesive polymer) and ethylcellulose (as retardant polymer), respectively. The production yield microparticles F2 showed 98.80%, mean particle size 933.25 µm and loading efficiency %98.44. The results were found that

Carbon materials with different textural and surface chemistry properties have been studied to analyze their behavior in removing aromatic compounds (phenol, o-chlorophenol, p-nitrophenol, aniline, and phenol compound mixtures) from water. A mesoporous high surface area graphite and a microporous activated carbon with (HSAGox and ACox) and without (HSAGT and ACT) oxygen surface groups, were used as adsorbents. Apparent surface areas, surface oxygen groups, and zero points of charge have been determined. The adsorption behavior of single compounds on ACT depends on the relation between the molecular and the pore sizes. The aniline, the nitrophenol, and the chlorophenol interact with the oxygen surface groups of oxidized graphite, while there is no evidence of any type of interaction of the phenol with these groups. The adsorption of the organic compound mixtures on the thermally treated samples is determined by the acid-base character of the adsorbate-adsorbent, whereas on the oxidized carbons, ...

The anti-senescence biogenic polyamines (PAs) putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm) are involved in plant growth processes and responses to stress. The physiological mechanism of exogenous Put to affect the senescence of cut lisianthus flowers during vase life was investigated. Fresh cut lisianthus flowers were treated with distilled water (control), 0.5, 1 and 2 mM Put and then held at 25 ◦C up to 12 days. Exogenous Put supply at 2 mM extended vase life, which was associated with reduced electrolyte leakage and MDA content. Put treatment also reduced activity of lipoxygenase (LOX), is responsible for membrane lipid peroxidation. Put treatment also enhanced activities of catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and decreased H2O2 accumulation during vase life. Thus, exogenous Put supplycould maintain membrane integrity by increasing antioxidant system activity, thereby retarding the senescence of cut lisianthus flower during vase life.

TY - JOUR. T1 - Carbon-13 isotope effect studies of Trypanosoma brucei ornithine decarboxylase. AU - Swanson, Todd. AU - Brooks, Harold B.. AU - Osterman, Andrei L.. AU - O'Leary, Marion H.. AU - Phillips, Margaret A.. PY - 1998/10/20. Y1 - 1998/10/20. N2 - Carbon isotope effect studies were undertaken with the wild-type pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzyme ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) from Trypanosoma brucei and with several active site mutants of the enzyme. For the decarboxylation of the optimal substrate, L-ornithine, by wild-type ODC, the observed carbon isotope effect (k12/k13) is 1.033 at pH 7.3. In comparison to the expected intrinsic isotope effect (k12/k13 = 1.06) for decarboxylation, this value suggests that both the rate of decarboxylation and the rate of Schiff base interchange with L-ornithine are partially rate- limiting for the reaction steps up to decarboxylation. In contrast, with the alternate substrate L-Lys, which shows lower catalytic efficiency, the carbon ...

Four types of surface-modified glass were prepared. Aminopropyl glass was prepared by alkylsilylation of glass slides with ?-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. This glass carries primary amino groups which may be protonated at pH 7.2. Owing to the presence of both positively charged ions and hydrophobic ethoxyl groups, the glass is considered to be amphipathic. Three other types of surface-modified glass slides were prepared from aminopropyl glass by forming Schiff's bases with three aldehydes: glucose, glyoxylic acid and hexanal. The aldehyde-treated slides were subsequently reduced using sodium borohydride. Thus, the surface of the glass was rendered hydrophilic, ampholytic or hydrophobic, respectively. The adherence of two Streptococcus sanguis strains and two Streptococcus mutans strains to the surface-modified glass slides was studied. Different strains showed differences in adherence to these slides depending on their physico-chemical surface properties. For S. sanguis ATCC 10556, hydrophobic bonds

Handbook of Photochemistry and Photobiology is a major reference work that includes the most recent advances and emerging new aspects of photochemistry and photobiology currently studied in academic and industrial research. The four volumes draw on three decades of pioneering research on various aspects of the photochemical and photobiological sciences such as photochemical processes, excited states, energy transfer, mechanism and kinetics of photochemical reactions, emission or absorption spectroscopy, photochemical conversion, solar cells, photocatalysis, photosensitization, photoinitiated polymerization, epoxy polymers, photorefractive polymers supramolecules, dendrimers, photochromic compounds, photoreception, photosynthesis, UV and visible radiation effects, photodynamic therapy, photomedicines, etc. The handbook contains 45 state-of-the-art chapters written by over 90 international experts from 15 countries. The handbook has been divided into four thematic volumes: ...