Bifunctional molecules having a DNA intercalator or DNA groove binder linked to ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid such as compounds having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is methyl or ethyl. Also, the method of cleaving DNA by contact with one of the above-identified molecules in the presence of ferrous ion and oxygen. The process of preparing said molecules by the reaction of P-carboxy methidium halide, p-carboxy ethidium halide, or other DNA intercalator or DNA groove binder with 1-3-diaminopropane followed by condensation with ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid. Distamycin-EDTA.Fe(II)(DE.FE(II)) contains EDTA attached to the amino terminus of the groove binder tripeptide (tris-N-methylpyrrolecarboxamide). De.Fe(II) cleaves DNA contiguous to a five base pair A+T rich sequence. This is a novel and unique molecule and superior in sequence specificity to the naturally occurring antitumor compound used in man, bleomycin which cleaves DNA at a two base pair recognition site. EDTA-distamycin

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Hydroquinone is a chemical product in the form of complex crystalline. It is basically used in the skin care products. Pigmentation can be removed with the help of a cream with hydroquinone. Quinol is another name used for hydroquinone. It has a scent base in it. 2% of hydroquinone is used in the skin lightening cream. If the user needs to use a cream with more than 2% concentration, then it is advised to have a prescription.. It is generally used for lightening cream, age spots, freckles, Discoloration of the skin, birth control pills, therapy of hormone replacement. Hydroquinone is a skin bleaching products that is mainly used for skin lightening. The enzyme present in the hydroquinone causes reaction with the skin cell in order to lighten the skin.. ...

VULNERABLE POPULATIONS: Anyone is vulnerable to the effects of hydroquinone, but skin lighteners are marketed to women of color.. REGULATIONS: Banned from cosmetics in the European Union; restricted use in Canadian cosmetics. The U.S. Cosmetics Ingredients Review Panel indicates that hydroquinone is unsafe for use in products that are left on the skin, but because of lax enforcement, directions for skin-lightening products containing hydroquinone encourage frequent and consistent use on the skin.[7],[8],[9] It has been recommended to the National Toxicology Program (NTP) for further studies. The FDA continues to allow the availability of products containing hydroquinone in OTC drugs.. HOW TO AVOID: Consumers should avoid products that list hydroquinone. Consumers should check with companies to confirm the purity of tocopheryl acetate, due to concerns about hydroquinone contamination.. References. [1] Bracchi, P. (2007, January 12). Dying to be whiter: The black women who risk their lives for ...

TEIXEIRA, Pedro A et al. Cytotoxicity assessment of 1% peracetic acid, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and 17% EDTA on FG11 and FG15 human fibroblasts. Acta odontol. latinoam. [online]. 2018, vol.31, n.1, pp.11-15. ISSN 1852-4834.. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of 2. 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 17% ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), and 1% peracetic acid (PAA) on human fibroblasts. FG11 and FG15 cell lines were cultured in 24-well cell culture plates for cell proliferation assessment and 96-well cell culture plates for the methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay; Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) was used as control data. The experimental solutions were used at 0. 01%, 0. 05%, and 0. 1% dilutions and assessed at 1-, 2-, and 4-hour intervals. Data were subjected to statistical analysis by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by the Bonferroni test at a significance level of p ,0. 05. The assessment of cell proliferation in this ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Two genomic regions involved in catechol siderophore production by Erwinia carotovora. AU - Bull, Carolee Theresa. AU - Ishimaru, C. A.. AU - Loper, J. E.. PY - 1994/2/8. Y1 - 1994/2/8. N2 - Two regions involved in catechol biosynthesis (cbs) of Erwinia carotovora W3C105 were cloned by functional complementation of Escherichia coli mutants that were deficient in the biosynthesis of the catechol siderophore enterobactin (ent). A 4.3-kb region of genomic DNA of E. carotovora complemented the entB402 mutation of E. coli. A second genomic region of 12.8 kb complemented entD, entC147, entE405, and entA403 mutations of E. coli. Although functions encoded by catechol biosynthesis genes (cbsA, cbsB, cbsC, cbsD, and cbsE) of E. carotovora were interchangeable with those encoded by corresponding enterobactin biosynthesis genes (entA, entB, entC, entD, and entE), only cbsE hybridized to its functional counterpart (entE) in E. coli. The cbsEA region of E. carotovora W3C105 hybridized to ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - L-DOPA biotransformation. T2 - Correlations of dosage, erythrocyte catechol O-methyltransferase and platelet SULT1A3 activities with metabolic pathways in Parkinsonian patients. AU - Dousa, M. K.. AU - Weinshilboum, Richard M. AU - Muenter, M. D.. AU - Offord, K. P.. AU - Decker, P. A.. AU - Tyce, G. M.. PY - 2003/8/1. Y1 - 2003/8/1. N2 - The objectives of this study were to determine (1) the effects of dose and drug absorption on pathways of biotransformation of L-DOPA in Parkinsonian patients treated with Sinemet, and (2) the extent to which genetically-determined variations in the activities of erythrocyte catechol O-methyltransferase and/or platelet phenol sulfotransferase might be reflected in individual differences in L-DOPA metabolism. In the 19 patients studied, there were negative correlations between dosage or absorption and extent of O-methylation and of sulfation of L-DOPA or its metabolites. Levels of activity for erythrocyte COMT were also reflected in individual ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Contribution of catechol O-methyltransferase to the removal of accumulated interstitial catecholamines evoked by myocardial ischemia. AU - Kuroko, Yosuke. AU - Fujii, Takafumi. AU - Yamazaki, Toji. AU - Akiyama, Tsuyoshi. AU - Ishino, Kozo. AU - Sano, Shunji. AU - Mori, Hidezo. N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by Grands-in-Aid for scientific research (15590787) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. The authors thank Orion-Pharma (Espoo, Finland) for the supply of entacapone.. PY - 2005/11/11. Y1 - 2005/11/11. N2 - Catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) plays an important role for clearance of high catecholamine levels. Although myocardial ischemia evokes similar excessive catecholamine accumulation, it is uncertain whether COMT activity is involved in the removal of accumulated catecholamines evoked by myocardial ischemia. We examined how COMT activity affects myocardial catecholamine levels during myocardial ischemia and ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Enhancement or induction of neurite formation by a protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor, 3,4-dephostatin, in growth factor-treated PC12h cells. AU - Fujiwara, Sari. AU - Watanabe, Takumi. AU - Nagatsu, Toshiharu. AU - Gohda, Jin. AU - Imoto, Masaya. AU - Umezawa, Kazuo. PY - 1997/9/8. Y1 - 1997/9/8. N2 - We studied the effect of the 3,4 dihydroxy analogue of dephostatin (3,4-dephostatin), an inhibitor of protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase), on the differentiation of rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells. 3,4-Dephostatin accelerated NGF-induced neurite formation in PC12h cells, a subline of PC12 cells, whereas the inhibitor alone did not induce neurite formation. It sustained the NGF-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of several proteins, most prominently that of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase. EGF alone did not induce differentiation in PC12h cells, but it induced neurite formation in the presence of 3,4-dephostatin. The inhibitor also prolonged EGF-induced tyrosine ...

Irreversible inhibition, 99.8% of control values for chloride transport in human red blood cells, was obtained by well-established methods of maximum covalent binding of 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (DIDS). The kinetics of the residual chloride transport (0.2%, 106 pmol.cm-2 x s-1) at 38 degrees C, pH 7.2) was studied by means of 36Cl- efflux. The outside apparent affinity, expressed by Ko1/2,c, was 34 mM, as determined by substituting external KCl by sucrose. The residual flux was reversibly inhibited by a reexposure to DIDS, and by 4,4'-dinitrostilbene-2,2'-disulfonate (DNDS), phloretin, salicylate, and alpha-bromo-4-hydroxy-3,5-dinitroacetophenone (Killer III) (Borders, C. L., Jr., D. M. Perez, M. W. Lafferty, A. J. Kondow, J. Brahm, M. B. Fenderson, G. L. Breisford, and V. B. Pett. 1989. Bioorganic Chemistry. 17:96-107), to approximately 0.001% of control cells, which is a flux as low as in lipid bilayers. The reversible DIDS inhibition of the residual chloride flux ...

1) We have prepared murine monoclonal antibodies to the membrane domain of the human erythrocyte anion transport protein (band 3). (2) All of these antibodies react with regions of the protein located at the cytoplasmic surface of the red cell. (3) One of the antibodies reacts with an epitope present on a cytoplasmic loop of the protein located between the C-terminus and a point 168 amino acids from the C-terminus. The other antibodies recognize different epitopes on the C-terminal tail of the protein and the sequences likely to be involved in these epitopes are defined. (4) Our results show that the C-terminus of the red-cell anion transport protein is located on the cytoplasmic side of the red-cell membrane. (5) None of the antibodies inhibited sulphate exchange transport when introduced into resealed red-cell membranes; however, the bivalent form of one of the antibodies reduced the inhibitory potency of 4-acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene disulphonate on sulphate exchange transport in ...

0106] Among dihydroxy compounds serving as a raw material of the polycarbonate resin, examples of aromatic dihydroxy compounds serving as a raw material of the aromatic polycarbonate resin include: [0107] dihydroxybenzenes, such as [0108] 1,2-dihydroxybenzene, [0109] 1,3-dihydroxybenzene (or resorcinol), and [0110] 1,4-dihydroxybenzene, [0111] dihydroxybiphenyls, such as [0112] 2,5-dihydroxybiphenyl, [0113] 2,2'-dihydroxybiphenyl, and [0114] 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl, [0115] dihydroxynaphthalenes, such as [0116] 2,2'-dihydroxy-1,1'-binaphthyl, [0117] 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene, [0118] 1,3-dihydroxynaphthalene, [0119] 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene, [0120] 1,6-dihydroxynaphthalene, [0121] 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene, [0122] 1,7-dihydroxynaphthalene, and [0123] 2,7-dihydroxynaphthalene, [0124] dihydroxydiaryl ethers, such as [0125] 2,2'-dihydroxydiphenyl ether, [0126] 3,3'-dihydroxydiphenyl ether, [0127] 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl ether, [0128] 4,4'-dihydroxy-3,3'-dimethyldiphenyl ether, [0129] ...

We investigated in a physiological salt solution (PSS) containing HCO3- the intracellular pH (pHi) regulating mechanisms in smooth muscle cells cultured from human internal mammary arteries, using the pH-sensitive dye 2',7'-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (BCECF) and 22Na+ influx rates. The recovery of pHi from an equivalent intracellular acidosis was more rapid when the cells were incubated in CO2/HCO3(-)-buffered PSS than in HEPES-buffered PSS. Recovery of pHi was dependent on extracellular Na+ (Km, 13.1 mM); however, it was not attenuated by 4-acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (SITS), indicating the absence of SITS-sensitive HCO3(-)-dependent mechanisms. Recovery instead appeared mostly dependent on processes sensitive to 5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl)amiloride (EIPA), indicating the involvement of Na+/H+ exchange and a previously undescribed EIPA-sensitive Na(+)- and HCO3(-)-dependent mechanism. Differentiation between this HCO3(-)-dependent mechanism and Na+/H+ ...

The Very Best Poison Ivy Remedy - based on my experience, not "theory" or something I read in a book. If the reader has never had a severe case of poison ivy then he cannot comprehend the depths of this suffering. Poison ivy, when it is bad, is not merely itching, but pustules develop and they ooze yellow fluid continually, often as fast as you can wipe it up... and the poison ivy spreads wherever the fluid touches, even to different parts of your body, and the tiniest little spot of poison ivy, even the size of the head of a pin, can feel like a needle sticking into you, as well as the itching. I. I have had poison ivy on nearly half my body and it is torture. The whole plant is toxic but the roots contain even more concentrated poison-in fact, poison ivy and its relatives are some of the most toxic and dangerous poisons on earth! Urushiol, the poison in poison ivy, is so potent, the amount that can fit on the head of a pin is enough to bother 500 people! Extreme care should be undertaken ...

0089]In those embodiments where the polyimine compound is defined by the formula II with n being equal to 2, the polyimine compounds may be referred to as heterocyclic bis-imine compounds. Specific examples of heterocyclic bis-imine compounds include N,N'-bis(2-pyridylmethylidene)ethylenediamine, N-(2-pyridylmethylidene)-N'-(benzylidene)ethylene diamine, N,N'-bis(3-pyridylmethylidene)ethylene diamine, N-(3-pyridylmethylidene)-N'-(benzylidene)ethylenediamine, N,N'-bis(4-pyridylmethylidene)ethylenediamine, N-(4-pyridylmethylidene)-N'-(benzylidene)ethylenediamine, N,N'-bis(pyrazinylmethylidene)ethylenediamine, N,N'-bis(2-pyrimidinylmethylidene)ethylenediamine, N,N'-bis(3-pyridazinylmethylidene)ethylene diamine, N,N'-bis(1-methyl-2-pyrrolylmethylidene)ethylene diamine, N,N'-bis(1-methyl-2-imidazolylmethylidene)ethylenediamine, N,N'-bis(1-methyl-3-pyrazolylmethylidene)ethylenediamine, N,N'-bis(2-furylmethylidene)ethylene diamine, N,N'-bis(3-furylmethylidene)ethylene diamine, ...

In the present study, we first characterized the biophysical and pharmacological properties of a volume-regulated inwardly rectifying Cl− current, ICl.ir, in mammalian heart. In both atrial and ventricular myocytes of mouse and guinea pig heart, ICl.ir activated slowly on hyperpolarization with a biexponential time course. The current was very sensitive to changes in cell volume. Whereas hypertonic cell shrinkage diminished the current, hypotonic cell swelling increased the current and accelerated the activation kinetics. ICl.ir exhibited strong inward rectification with a reversal potential close to the estimated ECl in symmetrical Cl− and physiological asymmetrical Cl− conditions. The anion selectivity sequence of ICl.ir was Cl−,I−≫Asp−. Although ICl.ir was strongly blocked by Cd2+ and the carboxylic acid derivative, 9-AC, it was not sensitive to inhibition by effective blockers of ICl.vol such as TMX and the disulfonic stilbene derivative, SITS. All these properties clearly ...

The hydroquinone cream is a great solution for lichen planus. The hydroquinone cream for lichen planus works perfectly to hinder the production of melanin by putting a stop to the secretion of tyrosinase (This enzyme plays the most essential role in melanin production). As a result the skin tone starts getting lighter hiding the marks and patches of lichen planus eventually.. The best hydroquinone cream for lichen planus is that which are of 4% hydroquinone concentration. These work much better than the 2% ones, which are available over the counter. However, using a 4% hydroquinone cream for lichen planus would require doctor's prescription. Along with it, the victim also needs to consume Vitamin A tablets.. ...

Calcium channel antagonist binding sites have been labeled in cerebral cortex, heart, ileum, and skeletal muscle with [3H]nitrendipine. While the dissociation constants of the site from cortex, heart, and ileum are similar, KD approximately equal to 0.1-0.2 nM, the value in skeletal muscle is 2 nM. This difference is affinity is also reflected in the Ki values of dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonists, nifedipine, nimodipine, PY108068, SKF24260, and nisoldipine, and the calcium channel agonist CGP 28392, all of which show lower affinity for the skeletal muscle binding site. The diphenylalkylamine calcium channel antagonists, lidoflazine, cinnarizine, flunarizine, and prenylamine, however, show a 3- to 10-fold increase in affinity in skeletal muscle relative to the other three tissues. EDTA treatment of membranes decreases binding in cortex, heart, and ileum but increases binding in skeletal muscle. These changes are reversible upon addition of CaCl2, SrCl2, or BaCl2. The different ...

Pentachlorophenol (PCP), a xenobiocide used to preserve lumbers, is a major environmental pollutant in North America. In spite of an expected high resistance to biodegradation, a number of aquatic and soil bacteria can degrade PCP. In this study, we cloned, expressed and purified tetrachlorobenzoquinone reductase (PcpD), the second enzyme in the PCP biodegradation pathway in Sphingobium chlorophenolicum. PcpD, present mainly as a homo-trimer, exhibited low but statistically significant activity in the reduction of tetrachlorobenzoquinone to tetrachlorohydroquinone. The optimal pH for PcpD activity was 7.0. PcpD was stimulated by tetrachlorohydroquinone at low concentrations but inhibited at high concentrations. Because of the constitutive expression and relatively high catalytic efficiency of downstream enzyme tetrachlorohydroquinone reductive dehalogenase, tetrachlorohydroquinone was unlikely to accumulate in high concentrations, suggesting that PcpD would only be stimulated by tetrachlorohydroquinone

Zingiber officinale (ZO, family Zingiberaceae) has been reported for its antiemetic activity against cancer chemotherapy induced emesis in animal models and in clinics. Current study was designed to investigate ZO for potential usefulness against cisplatin induced vomiting in pigeon and its effects on central and peripheral neurotransmitters involved in the act of vomiting. Zingiber officinale acetone fraction (ZO-ActFr) was investigated for attenuation of emesis induced by cisplatin in healthy pigeons. Neurotransmitters DA, 5HT and their metabolites DOPAC, HVA and 5HIAA were analyzed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography system coupled with electrochemical detector in area postrema, brain stem and intestine. Antiemetic effect of ZO-ActFr was correlated with central and intestinal neurotransmitters levels in pigeon. Cisplatin (7 mg/kg i.v.) induced emesis without lethality upto the observation period. ZO-ActFr (25, 50 & 100 mg/kg) attenuated cisplatin induced emesis ~ 44.18%, 58.13% (P | 0.05)

1. A simple new assay for glycerylphosphorylcholine phosphodiesterase is described, in which radioactive glycerylphosphorylcholine is used as substrate and the reaction products are separated by adsorption on an anion-exchange resin. 2. Rat liver subcellular fractions contained both particulate (58%) and soluble (42%) glycerylphosphorylcholine phosphodiesterase. Both activities released free choline from glycerylphosphorylcholine. 3. The particulate glycerylphosphorylcholine phosphodiesterase was recovered mainly in the nuclear and microsomal fractions and showed a distribution similar to those of 5′-nucleotidase and alkaline phosphodiesterase I, both of which are constituents of the liver plasma membrane. 4. During purification of plasma membranes glycerylphosphorylcholine phosphodiesterase, 5′-nucleotidase and alkaline phosphodiesterase I showed largely similar behaviour, indicating that glycerylphosphorylcholine phosphodiesterase is also localized in liver plasma membranes. Slight ...

0049] Nucleotides for nucleic acid sequencing according to the invention preferably include a detectable label that is directly or indirectly detectable. Preferred labels include optically-detectable labels, such as fluorescent labels. Examples of fluorescent labels include, but are not limited to, Atto dyes, 4-acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'disulfonic acid; acridine and derivatives: acridine, acridine isothiocyanate; 5-(2'-aminoethyl)aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid (EDANS); 4-amino-N-[3-vinylsulfonyl)phenyl]naphthalimide-3,5 disulfonate; N-(4-anilino-1-naphthyl)maleimide; anthranilamide; BODIPY; Brilliant Yellow; coumarin and derivatives; coumarin, 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (AMC, Coumarin 120), 7-amino-4-trifluoromethylcouluarin (Coumaran 151); cyanine dyes; cyanosine; 4',6-diaminidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI); 5'5''-dibromopyrogallol-sulfonaphthalein (Bromopyrogallol Red); 7-diethylamino-3-(4'-isothiocyanatophenyl)-4-methylcoumarin; diethylenetriamine pentaacetate; ...

Instructions for use: Apply Facial Treatment Essence with cotton ball to face and neck, followed by Facial Treatment Clear Lotion For an extra boost use the Facial Treatment Mask Facial Treatment Essence: 75ml/2.5 fl.oz; Facial Treatment Clear Lotion: 30ml/ 1 fl.oz Facial Treatment Clear Lotion Ingredients: Water, Saccharomycopsis Ferment Filtrate*, Butylene Glycol, Polysorbate 20, Glycerin, Sodium Hyaluronate, PEG-150, Cellulose Gum, Disodium EDTA, Citric Acid, Salicylic Acid, Lactic Acid, Malic Acid, Sodium Citrate, Sodium Benzoate, Methylparaben Facial treatment Essence Ingredients: Galactomyces Ferment Filtrate, Butylene Glycol, Pentylene Glycol, Water, Sodium Benzoate, Methylparaben, Sorbic Acid Facial Treatment Mask Ingredients: Water, Saccharomycopsis Ferment Filtrate*, Butylene Glycol, Xanthan Gum, Sodium Salicylate, Methylparaben, Disodium EDTA

Flavin adenine dinucleotide disodium salt chemical properties, What are the chemical properties of Flavin adenine dinucleotide disodium salt 84366-81-4, What are the physical properties of Flavin adenine dinucleotide disodium salt ect.

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Introduction. Microorganisms are the major causative factor associated with endodontic treatment failure.1,2 The success of endodontic treatment depends on the reduction or elimination of bacteria present in the root canal system. Residual pulpal tissue, bacteria, and dentine debris may persist in the irregularities of root canal systems, even after meticulous mechanical preparation.3 Therefore, irrigant solutions should be used in combination with canal preparation.4-6 Root canal irrigants are used during chemomechanical procedures not only as antimicrobial agents but also to flush out loose debris, to lubricate the dentinal walls, and to dissolve organic compounds in the canal.7, 8 Chemomechanical preparation is one of the most important phases of endodontic treatment and irrigants such as sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), citric acid, and ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) are commonly used. The efficacy of these procedures also depends upon the vulnerability of the species involved.9 Many ...

Tolcapone (brand name Tasmar) is a drug used to treat Parkinson's disease (PD). It is a selective, potent and reversible nitrocatechol-type inhibitor of the enzyme catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). It has demonstrated significant liver toxicity, which has led to suspension of marketing authorisations in a number of countries. In comparison with entacapone, another nitrocatechol COMT inhibitor, tolcapone has a longer half life (2.9 hours vs. 0.8 hours) and can better penetrate the blood-brain barrier, acting both in the central nervous system and in the periphery. However, entacapone is less toxic for the liver. Tolcapone is used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease as an adjunct to levodopa/carbidopa or levodopa/benserazide medications. Levodopa is a prodrug for dopamine, which reduces Parkinson symptoms; carbidopa and benserazide are aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) inhibitors. Without administration of tolcapone, the beneficial effects of levodopa tend to wear off more quickly, ...

Lisdexamfetamine prodrug activation by peptidase-mediated hydrolysis in the cytosol of red blood cells Johannah Sharman, Michael Pennick Shire, Basingstoke, UK Abstract: Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) is approved as a once-daily treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children, adolescents, and adults in some countries. LDX is a prodrug comprising d-amphetamine covalently linked to l-lysine via a peptide bond. Following oral administration, LDX is rapidly taken up from the small intestine by active carrier-mediated transport, probably via peptide transporter 1. Enzymatic hydrolysis of the peptide bond to release d-amphetamine has previously been shown to occur in human red blood cells but not in several other tissues. Here, we report that LDX hydrolytic activity resides in human red blood cell lysate and cytosolic extract but not in the membrane fraction. Among several inhibitors tested, a protease inhibitor cocktail, bestatin, and ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid each

PubMed Central Canada (PMC Canada) provides free access to a stable and permanent online digital archive of full-text, peer-reviewed health and life sciences research publications. It builds on PubMed Central (PMC), the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) free digital archive of biomedical and life sciences journal literature and is a member of the broader PMC International (PMCI) network of e-repositories.

Evaluation of the mutagenic activity of Ethyl-2-cyanoacrylate in an in vitro mammalian cell gene mutation test with L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells (with independent repeat). This report describes the effects of ethyl-2-cyanoacrylate on the induction of forward mutations at the thymidine-kinase locus (TK-locus) in L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells. The test was performed in two independent experiments in the absence and presence of S9-mix (rat liver S9-mix induced by a combination of phenobarbital and ß-naphthoflavone). The study procedures described in this report were based on the most recent versions of the guidelines OECD 476 and EC B.17. Hydroquinone was tested in parallel as additional control at a concentration of 1.28 µg/ml, representing the concentration of hydroquinone in the test system at the highest tested initial concentration (load rate) of the test substance. The content of hydroquinone in the tested sample of Ethyl-2-cyanoacrylate according to the specification is in the range of just ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Effect of catechol estrogens on rat mammary tumors. AU - Abul-Hajj, Yusuf J.. PY - 1979/12/1. Y1 - 1979/12/1. N2 - The effect of 1,3,5(10)-estratriene-3,16α, 17β-triol (estriol), 1,3,5(10)-estratriene-2,3-diol-17-one (2-hydroxyestrone), and 1,3,5(10)-estratriene-2,3,17β-triol (2-hydroxyestradiol) on the growth of dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced mammary tumor and of R3230AC-transplantable mammary tumor was compared with that produced by estradiol benzoate treatment. Estriol showed minimal inhibition of tumor growth in dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced tumor and no effect on R3230AC tumor while 2-hydroxyestrone showed no effect of tumor inhibition. On the other hand, 2-hydroxyestradiol showed appreciable inhibition of tumor growth in both tumors studied. That 2-hydroxyestradiol has been found to bind to estrogen receptors in mammary tumors and is uterotropic suggests that the inhibition of tumor growth by 2-hydroxyestradiol may be similar to the mechanism of inhibition of ...

PHENYL PHOSPHATE DISODIUM SALT (CAS 3279-54-7) Market Research Report 2018 aims at providing comprehensive data on phenyl phosphate disodium salt market

The inhibitors present in dilute acid-treated lignocellulosic hydrolysates would show great effect on the growth and product formation of microorganisms. To understand their inhibitory law and mechanism on oleaginous microorganism could help improving the efficiency of lignocellulose hydrolysis, detoxification, and lipid fermentation. The effects of four representative alcohol compounds present in lignocellulosic hydrolysates, including furfuryl alcohol, vanillyl alcohol, catechol, hydroquinone on the cell growth and lipid accumulation of Trichosporon fermentans were systematically investigated in this work. The toxicity of selected alcohol compounds was well related to their log P value except furfuryl alcohol, whose log P value was the minimum but with the highest toxicity to T. fermentans. The inhibition of all the alcohol compounds on the growth of T. fermentans was more serious than on the lipid synthesis. Also, the growth of T. fermentans was more sensitive to the variation of inoculum size,

4,4'-Diisothiocyano-2,2'-stilbenedisulfonic acid (DIDS) is an anion exchange inhibitor, blocking reversibly, and later irreversibly, exchangers such as chloride-bicarbonate exchanger. Jessen, Flemming; Sjøholm, C; Hoffmann, EK (1986), "Identification of the anion exchange protein of ehrlich cells: A kinetic analysis of the inhibitory effects of 4,4′-diisothiocyano-2,2′-stilbene-disulfonic acid (DIDS) and labeling of membrane proteins with3H-DIDS", Journal of Membrane Biology, 92 (3): 195, doi:10.1007/BF01869388, PMID 3783658 Lane, Michelle; Baltz, Jay M.; Bavister, Barry D. (1999), "Bicarbonate/Chloride Exchange Regulates Intracellular pH of Embryos but Not Oocytes of the Hamster", Biology of Reproduction, 61 (2): 452-457, doi:10.1095/biolreprod61.2.452, PMID 10411526 ...

A rapid and sensitive method for simultaneous determination of 3-hydroxytyramine (dopamine), 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) and their metabolites - 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, 3-methoxytyramine, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylacetic acid (homovanillic acid) and 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid in the rat brain was developed. Brain samples with the internal standard and heparin were deproteinized by perchloric acid with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt and sodium sulfite. Following homogenization, centrifugation and filtration, the supernatant was directly injected into a reversed-phase HPLC system with coulometric detector. The response of the detected substances was linear in the range 12-700 ng/g of cerebellum homogenate (24-1 400 pg on column). Total recovery of the method was higher than 95%. The method was used for the determination of catecholamines and their metabolites in the chosen part of rat brain following the inhalation exposure to sarin (organophosphate). Keywords: ...

Salah satu penyebab kegagalan perawatan endodontik adalah mikroba yang bertahan di dalam sistem saluran akar, termasuk Enterococcus faecalis. Senyawa yang terdapat pada ekstrak etanol rimpang jahe yang terdiri dari gingerol, paradol, shogaol, zingerone dan minyak atsiri diduga merupakan golongan senyawa bioaktif yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan mikroba. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui efek antimikroba ekstrak etanol rimpang jahe (EERJ) terhadap Enterococcus faecalis. Penelitian bersifat eksperimental laboratorik. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan kertas cakram steril yang ditetesi ekstrak etanol rimpang jahe (Zingiber offcinale Rosc.) dengan konsentrasi 5%, 10%, 20% dan 40% dan klorheksidin 0,2% sebagai kontrol positif serta kertas cakram steril yang ditetesi akuades steril sebagai kontrol negatif pada medium Mueller-Hinton Agar (MHA) yang telah dibiakkan bakteri Enterococcus faecalis. Cakram diinkubasi pada suhu 37o selama 24 jam. Data yang diukur adalah diameter zona hambat ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Intermediate formation during photodegradation of phenol using lanthanum doped tin dioxide nanoparticles. AU - Al-Hamdi, Abdullah M.. AU - Sillanpää, Mika. AU - Dutta, Joydeep. PY - 2015/8/4. Y1 - 2015/8/4. N2 - Lanthanum (La)-doped tin dioxide (SnO2) nanoparticles were synthesized by a modified sol-gel method at room temperature. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The photocatalytic activity of La:SnO2 samples were investigated by studying the degradation profile of phenol and its by-products in water. The treated samples were analyzed by HPLC-UV and a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Benzoquinone, catechol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, acetic acid, and 2-propanol were identified as phenol degradation intermediates. Maximum concentration acquired was in the order of catechol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, and benzoquinone, which was observed in the beginning stages while iso-propanol and acetic acid were ...

Butylated hydroxyanisole was tested for carcinogenicity in two experiments in rats and in two experiments in hamsters by administration in the diet, inducing benign and malignant tumours of the forestomach.. Butylated hydroxyanisole was studied in mice and rats for its ability to modify the carcinogenicity of selected chemical agents. When administered with known carcinogens, butylated hydroxyanisole either enhanced, inhibited or had no effect on carcinogenicity.. Butylated hydroxyanisole administered to rats at maternally toxic and occasionally lethal doses during, or before, during and after, gestation induced slight embryotoxicity but no definite indication of teratogenicity. No effect was seen in rabbits, pigs or rhesus monkeys.. In rats, feeding of butylated hydroxyanisole in the diet caused superficial necrosis, ulceration and hyperplasia of the squamous epithelium of the forestomach. Induction of forestomach hyperplasia also occurs in hamsters. Administration of butylated hydroxyanisole ...

In rat peritoneal mast cells, we have investigated the influence of the chloride transport blocker 4,4'-diisothiocyanato-stilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (DIDS) and the extracellular chloride concentration on the chloride current induced by intracellular application of cyclic AMP (cAMP) and on hexosaminidase secretion from intact cells stimulated with compound 48/80. The inhibition of the Cl-current by extracellular DIDS is voltage and time dependent. Upon depolarization from -10 to +70 mV, the outward current diminishes with millisecond kinetics. The size of the steady state current and the time constant of the decrease both decrease with increasing DIDS concentrations. The steady state current at +70 mV is blocked by DIDS with an IC50 of 2.3 microM. The number of open channels at -10 mV is reduced with an IC50 of 22 microM. The electrophysiological and pharmacological properties of this current are most similar to those of the Cl- current in T lymphocytes activated by osmotic stress (Lewis, R. ...

Benzenesulfonic acid, 2,2'-(1,2-ethenediyl)bis[ 5-[[4,6-bis(phenylamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino ]-, disodium salt disodium 4,4'-bis[(4,6-dianilino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]stilbene-2,2'-disulphonate cellu-brite fluorescent brightening agent 9 (c.i. 40621) 4,4'-bis(2,4-dianilino-1,3,5-triazin-6-ylamino)stilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid disodium salt 4,4'-bis[[4,6-bis(phenylamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]stilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid disodium salt c.i.40621 fluorescent brightener 9 ...

Sigma-Aldrich offers Sigma-G9891, β-Glycerophosphate disodium salt hydrate for your research needs. Find product specific information including CAS, MSDS, protocols and references.

Genetic mutation in vitro; Prediction model based estimation and data from read across chemical have been reviewed to determine the mutagenic nature of 2-[[4-[[4-[[6-anilino-1-hydroxy-3-sulpho-2-naphthyl]azo]-1-naphthyl]azo]-6-sulpho-1-naphthyl]azo]benzene-1,4-disulphonic acid, magnesium sodium salt (93941-74-3). The studies are as mentioned below Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the five closest read across substances, gene mutation was predicted for 2-[[4-[[4-[[6-anilino-1-hydroxy-3-sulpho-2-naphthyl]azo]-1-naphthyl]azo]-6-sulpho-1-naphthyl]azo]benzene-1,4-disulphonic acid, magnesium sodium salt (93941-74-3). The study assumed the use of Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and TA 102 with and without S9 metabolic activation system. 2-[[4-[[4-[[6-anilino-1-hydroxy-3-sulpho-2-naphthyl]azo]-1-naphthyl]azo]-6-sulpho-1-naphthyl]azo]benzene-1,4-disulphonic acid, magnesium sodium salt ...

0000013922 00000 n 11.1. MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET (MSDS) www.lobachemie.com 23/01/2019 1/8 EDTA DISODIUM SALT 0.01 MOL/L (0.02N) FOR 500ML SOLUTION MSDS N° CAS: 6381-92-6 MSDS RUBRIQUE 1: Identification de la substance/du mélange et de la société/l'entreprise 1.1. ��("�� �V�n]�jm�Uk�VYT�,���h Dmܞ{Ϥ7�߻ }}���_�f2���,�;� Identificateur de produit Forme du produit : Mélange: Code du produit : R130B 1.2. Create . SAFETY DATA SHEET: EDTA Calcium Disodium Salt EDTA Calcium Disodium Salt E867.32 INTEGRA Chemical Company 24 Hour Emergency Response: CHEMTREC 800-424-9300 (Outside USA 703-527-3887) 1216 6th Ave N Kent WA 98032 Phone: 253-479-7000 7th ed. x��\�s�6�����(�54 ٹ���q�ܴI��w���E�m��%���_��. 12. Identificateur de produit Forme du produit : Mélange: N° CAS : 6381-92-6 Code du produit : 3623A 1.2. Cookie Disclaimer. 12.1. endobj 1 0 obj endstream endobj 40 0 obj endobj 41 0 obj ...

As mentioned above, we hypothesize that preferential pHi regulation may represent the basal pattern of acid-base regulation in vertebrates as a strategy during development, with adults either retaining or losing this trait. The mechanisms responsible for preferential pHi regulation are unknown, but allow embryos to compensate for acid-base challenges to pHi, despite the incomplete formation in embryos of the extracellular compartment and associated structures that are required for coupled pH regulation. These challenges apply to all embryos, and acid-base challenges may arise from hypoxia and hypercarbia or increased metabolic activity throughout development (Tazawa et al., 1983). In the specific examples described above, additional acid-base challenges may be experienced in the form of hypoxia or hypercarbia, conditions associated with nests or egg masses (Booth, 1998; Grigg et al., 2010; Lutz and Dunbar-Cooper, 1984). Furthermore, embryos encapsulated within extra-embryonic structures (e.g. ...

2-Naphthylamine-6,8-Disulfonic Acid Monopotassium Salt chemical properties, What are the chemical properties of 2-Naphthylamine-6,8-Disulfonic Acid Monopotassium Salt 842-15-9, What are the physical properties of 2-Naphthylamine-6,8-Disulfonic Acid Monopotassium Salt ect.

Results of two different predicted data study for the target chemical 2-amino-4-acetamido-5-[(E)-2-(4-{[2-(sulfooxy)ethane]sulfonyl}phenyl)diazen-1-yl]benzoic acid sodium (CAS No. 94158-82-4) were reviewed for the bioaccumulation end point which are summarized as below: In a first prediction done by using BCFBAF Program (v3.00) model of EPI suite(Estimation Program Interface 2017) the estimated bio concentration factor (BCF) for 2-amino-4-acetamido-5-[(E)-2-(4-{[2-(sulfooxy)ethane]sulfonyl}phenyl)diazen-1-yl]benzoic acid sodium (CAS No. 94158-82-4) is 3.162 L/kg wet-wt at 25 deg. c which does not exceed the bioconcentration threshold of 2000. Therefore it is concluded that test chemical 2-amino-4-acetamido-5-[(E)-2-(4-{[2-(sulfooxy)ethane]sulfonyl}phenyl)diazen-1-yl]benzoic acid sodium is non bioaccumulative in food chain. In a supporting study another prediction done by using Adsorption Coefficient module (v12.1.0.50374) program of (ACD (Advanced Chemistry Development)/I-Lab predictive module, ...

The present invention relates to a method of promoting bone repair in human or veterinary medicine; which method comprises the administration of therapeutically effective amounts of bisphosphonic acid derivatives of formula (I): ##STR1## in which: R1 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl, an amino, a mono-C1 -C4 -alkylamino or a di-C1 -C4 -alkylamino; and R2 is a halogen atom or a linear alkyl containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms which is unsubstituted or substituted by a group selected from a chlorine atom, a hydroxyl, an amino, a mono-C1 -C4 -alkylamino, a di- C1 -C4 -alkylamino and a C3 -C7 -cycloalkylamino, or R2 is a phenoxy, a phenyl, a thiol, a phenylthio, a chlorophenylthio, a pyridyl, a pyridylmethyl, a 1-pyridyl-1-hydroxymethyl, an imidazolylmethyl or a thiomorpholin-4-yl; and of their salts with pharmaceutically acceptable mineral or organic acids.