A plant species of the family POACEAE. It is a tall grass grown for its EDIBLE GRAIN, corn, used as food and animal FODDER.
Proteins found in plants (flowers, herbs, shrubs, trees, etc.). The concept does not include proteins found in vegetables for which VEGETABLE PROTEINS is available.
A cone-shaped structure in plants made up of a mass of meristematic cells that covers and protects the tip of a growing root. It is the putative site of gravity sensing in plant roots.
The functional hereditary units of PLANTS.
The usually underground portions of a plant that serve as support, store food, and through which water and mineral nutrients enter the plant. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 1982; Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)
Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in plants.
The encapsulated embryos of flowering plants. They are used as is or for animal feed because of the high content of concentrated nutrients like starches, proteins, and fats. Rapeseed, cottonseed, and sunflower seed are also produced for the oils (fats) they yield.
Expanded structures, usually green, of vascular plants, characteristically consisting of a bladelike expansion attached to a stem, and functioning as the principal organ of photosynthesis and transpiration. (American Heritage Dictionary, 2d ed)
The directional growth of organisms in response to gravity. In plants, the main root is positively gravitropic (growing downwards) and a main stem is negatively gravitropic (growing upwards), irrespective of the positions in which they are placed. Plant gravitropism is thought to be controlled by auxin (AUXINS), a plant growth substance. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)
A group of alcohol-soluble seed storage proteins from the endosperm of corn.
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of plants.
New immature growth of a plant including stem, leaves, tips of branches, and SEEDLINGS.
The genetic complement of a plant (PLANTS) as represented in its DNA.
Acetic acid derivatives of the heterocyclic compound indole. (Merck Index, 11th ed)
An enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of ATP, pyruvate, and orthophosphate to form AMP plus phosphoenolpyruvate plus pyrophosphate. EC 2.7.9.1.
Complex nucleoprotein structures which contain the genomic DNA and are part of the CELL NUCLEUS of PLANTS.
(S-(E))-3,4,5,6,8,10-Hexahydro-14,16-dihydroxy-3-methyl-1H-2-benzoxacyclotetradecin-1,7(8H)-dione. One of a group of compounds known under the general designation of resorcylic acid lactones. Cis, trans, dextro and levo forms have been isolated from the fungus Gibberella zeae (formerly Fusarium graminearum). They have estrogenic activity, cause toxicity in livestock as feed contaminant, and have been used as anabolic or estrogen substitutes.
Nutritive tissue of the seeds of flowering plants that surrounds the EMBRYOS. It is produced by a parallel process of fertilization in which a second male gamete from the pollen grain fuses with two female nuclei within the embryo sac. The endosperm varies in ploidy and contains reserves of starch, oils, and proteins, making it an important source of human nutrition.
Ribonucleic acid in plants having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis.
PLANTS, or their progeny, whose GENOME has been altered by GENETIC ENGINEERING.
Multicellular, eukaryotic life forms of kingdom Plantae (sensu lato), comprising the VIRIDIPLANTAE; RHODOPHYTA; and GLAUCOPHYTA; all of which acquired chloroplasts by direct endosymbiosis of CYANOBACTERIA. They are characterized by a mainly photosynthetic mode of nutrition; essentially unlimited growth at localized regions of cell divisions (MERISTEMS); cellulose within cells providing rigidity; the absence of organs of locomotion; absence of nervous and sensory systems; and an alternation of haploid and diploid generations.
The fertilizing element of plants that contains the male GAMETOPHYTES.
Cultivated plants or agricultural produce such as grain, vegetables, or fruit. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 1982)
Very young plant after GERMINATION of SEEDS.
Any of the hormones produced naturally in plants and active in controlling growth and other functions. There are three primary classes: auxins, cytokinins, and gibberellins.
A part of the embryo in a seed plant. The number of cotyledons is an important feature in classifying plants. In seeds without an endosperm, they store food which is used in germination. In some plants, they emerge above the soil surface and become the first photosynthetic leaves. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)
A group of FLAVONOIDS derived from FLAVONOLS, which lack the ketone oxygen at the 4-position. They are glycosylated versions of cyanidin, pelargonidin or delphinidin. The conjugated bonds result in blue, red, and purple colors in flowers of plants.
Process whereby a cell, bodily structure, or organism (animal or plant) receives or detects a gravity stimulus. Gravity sensing plays an important role in the directional growth and development of an organism (GRAVITROPISM).
The unconsolidated mineral or organic matter on the surface of the earth that serves as a natural medium for the growth of land plants.
The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.
Annual cereal grass of the family POACEAE and its edible starchy grain, rice, which is the staple food of roughly one-half of the world's population.
The mating of plants or non-human animals which are closely related genetically.
A large family of narrow-leaved herbaceous grasses of the order Cyperales, subclass Commelinidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons). Food grains (EDIBLE GRAIN) come from members of this family. RHINITIS, ALLERGIC, SEASONAL can be induced by POLLEN of many of the grasses.
The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.
The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.
Abscission-accelerating plant growth substance isolated from young cotton fruit, leaves of sycamore, birch, and other plants, and from potatoes, lemons, avocados, and other fruits.
Any of a group of polysaccharides of the general formula (C6-H10-O5)n, composed of a long-chain polymer of glucose in the form of amylose and amylopectin. It is the chief storage form of energy reserve (carbohydrates) in plants.
Organic matter in a state of advanced decay, after passing through the stages of COMPOST and PEAT and before becoming lignite (COAL). It is composed of a heterogenous mixture of compounds including phenolic radicals and acids that polymerize and are not easily separated nor analyzed. (E.A. Ghabbour & G. Davies, eds. Humic Substances, 2001).
The imide of phthalic acids.
Acceleration produced by the mutual attraction of two masses, and of magnitude inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the two centers of mass. It is also the force imparted by the earth, moon, or a planet to an object near its surface. (From NASA Thesaurus, 1988)
Plant cell inclusion bodies that contain the photosynthetic pigment CHLOROPHYLL, which is associated with the membrane of THYLAKOIDS. Chloroplasts occur in cells of leaves and young stems of plants. They are also found in some forms of PHYTOPLANKTON such as HAPTOPHYTA; DINOFLAGELLATES; DIATOMS; and CRYPTOPHYTA.
Discrete segments of DNA which can excise and reintegrate to another site in the genome. Most are inactive, i.e., have not been found to exist outside the integrated state. DNA transposable elements include bacterial IS (insertion sequence) elements, Tn elements, the maize controlling elements Ac and Ds, Drosophila P, gypsy, and pogo elements, the human Tigger elements and the Tc and mariner elements which are found throughout the animal kingdom.
Pesticides used to destroy unwanted vegetation, especially various types of weeds, grasses (POACEAE), and woody plants. Some plants develop HERBICIDE RESISTANCE.

Cloning and characterization of a maize cytochrome-b5 reductase with Fe3+-chelate reduction capability. (1/5543)

We previously purified an NADH-dependent Fe3+-chelate reductase (NFR) from maize roots with biochemical features of a cytochrome-b5 reductase (b5R) [Sparla, Bagnaresi, Scagliarini and Trost (1997) FEBS Lett. 414, 571-575]. We have now cloned a maize root cDNA that, on the basis of sequence information, calculated parameters and functional assay, codes for NFR. Maize NFR has 66% and 65% similarity to mammal and yeast b5R respectively. It has a deduced molecular mass of 31.17 kDa and a pI of 8.53. An uncharged region is observed at its N-terminus but no myristoylation consensus site is present. Taken together, these results, coupled with previous biochemical evidence, prove that NFR belongs to the b5R class and document b5R from a plant at the molecular level for the first time. We have also identified a putative Arabidopsis thaliana NFR gene. Its organization (nine exons) closely resembles mammalian b5Rs. Several NFR isoforms are expected to exist in maize. They are probably not produced by alternative translational mechanisms as occur in mammals, because of specific constraints observed in the maize NFR cDNA sequence. In contrast with yeast and mammals, tissue-specific and various subcellular localizations of maize b5R isoforms could result from differential expression of the various members of a multigene family. The first molecular characterization of a plant b5R indicates an overall remarkable evolutionary conservation for these versatile reductase systems. In addition, the well-characterized Fe3+-chelate reduction capabilities of NFR, in addition to known Fe3+-haemoglobin reduction roles for mammal b5R isoforms, suggest further and more generalized roles for the b5R class in endocellular iron reduction.  (+info)

Gibberellic acid stabilises microtubules in maize suspension cells to cold and stimulates acetylation of alpha-tubulin. (2/5543)

Gibberellic acid is known to stabilise microtubules in plant organs against depolymerisation. We have now devised a simplified cell system for studying this. Pretreatment of a maize cell suspension with gibberellic acid for just 3 h stabilised protoplast microtubules against depolymerisation on ice. In other eukaryotes, acetylation of alpha-tubulin is known to correlate with microtubule stabilisation but this is not established in plants. By isolating the polymeric tubulin fraction from maize cytoskeletons and immunoblotting with the antibody 6-11B-1, we have demonstrated that gibberellic acid stimulates the acetylation of alpha-tubulin. This is the first demonstrated link between microtubule stabilisation and tubulin acetylation in higher plants.  (+info)

Patterns of evolutionary rate variation among genes of the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway. (3/5543)

The anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway is responsible for the production of anthocyanin pigments in plant tissues and shares a number of enzymes with other biochemical pathways. The six core structural genes of this pathway have been cloned and characterized in two taxonomically diverse plant species (maize and snapdragon). We have recently cloned these genes for a third species, the common morning glory, Ipomoea purpurea. This additional information provides an opportunity to examine patterns of evolution among genes within a single biochemical pathway. We report here that upstream genes in the anthocyanin pathway have evolved substantially more slowly than downstream genes and suggest that this difference in evolutionary rates may be explained by upstream genes being more constrained because they participate in several different biochemical pathways. In addition, regulatory genes associated with the anthocyanin pathway tend to evolve more rapidly than the structural genes they regulate, suggesting that adaptive evolution of flower color may be mediated more by regulatory than by structural genes. Finally, for individual anthocyanin genes, we found an absence of rate heterogeneity among three major angiosperm lineages. This rate constancy contrasts with an accelerated rate of evolution of three CHS-like genes in the Ipomoea lineage, indicating that these three genes have diverged without coordinated adjustment by other pathway genes.  (+info)

Inhibition of plant-pathogenic fungi by a corn trypsin inhibitor overexpressed in Escherichia coli. (4/5543)

The cDNA of a 14-kDa trypsin inhibitor (TI) from corn was subcloned into an Escherichia coli overexpression vector. The overexpressed TI was purified based on its insolubility in urea and then refolded into the active form in vitro. This recombinant TI inhibited both conidium germination and hyphal growth of all nine plant pathogenic fungi studied, including Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus parasiticus, and Fusarium moniliforme. The calculated 50% inhibitory concentration of TI for conidium germination ranged from 70 to more than 300 microgram/ml, and that for fungal growth ranged from 33 to 124 microgram/ml depending on the fungal species. It also inhibited A. flavus and F. moniliforme simultaneously when they were tested together. The results suggest that the corn 14-kDa TI may function in host resistance against a variety of fungal pathogens of crops.  (+info)

Natural occurrence of the C series of fumonisins in moldy corn. (5/5543)

We analyzed 44 moldy corn samples for the B and C series of fumonisins by high-performance liquid chromatography. Of the 44 samples, 32 (73%) were contaminated with both the B and C series of fumonisins and 6 were contaminated with only the B series of fumonisins. The incidence of fumonisin C1 in moldy corn was 71%; the incidence was 11% for fumonisin C3 and 43% for fumonisin C4. Their mean levels ranged from 500 to 1,900 ng/g. This is the first report on the natural occurrence of the C series of fumonisins and fumonisin B4 in moldy corn.  (+info)

Relationship between ruminal starch degradation and the physical characteristics of corn grain. (6/5543)

The objectives of this study were to determine the range of variation in the rate and extent of in situ ruminal starch degradation of 14 corns differing in vitreousness and to predict ruminal starch degradability by physical characteristics of corn grains. This study was conducted with eight dent and six flint corns. Ruminal starch degradability was determined by an in situ technique on 3-mm ground grains. Physical characteristics of corn grain were measured: hardness by grinding energy and particle size distribution, apparent and true densities, and specific surface area. Ruminal DM and starch degradabilities averaged 50 and 55.1% and varied from 39.7 to 71.5% and from 40.6 to 77.6%, respectively. Ruminal starch degradability averaged 61.9 and 46.2% in dent and flint types, respectively. The proportion of coarse particles (61.9 vs. 69.6% for dent and flint, respectively), the apparent density (1.29 vs. 1.36 g/cm3 for dent and flint, respectively), and the specific surface area (.13 vs. .07 m2/g for dent and flint, respectively) varied with the vitreousness. Ruminal starch degradability could be predicted accurately by vitreousness (r2 = .89) or by the combination of apparent density and 1,000-grain weight (R2 = .91), a measurement faster than the vitreousness determination.  (+info)

Growth phase-dependent subcellular localization of nitric oxide synthase in maize cells. (7/5543)

A protein band of approximately 166 kDa was detected in the soluble fraction of root tips and young leaves of maize seedlings, based on Western blot analysis using antibodies raised against mouse macrophage nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and rabbit brain NOS. NOS activity was present in these soluble fractions, as determined by L-[U-14C]citrulline synthesis from L[U-14]arginine. Immunofluorescence showed that the maize NOS protein is present in the cytosol of cells in the division zone and is translocated into the nucleus in cells in the elongation zone of maize root tips. These results indicate the existence of a NOS enzyme in maize tissues, with the localization of this protein depending on the phase of cell growth.  (+info)

Characterization of maize (Zea mays L.) Wee1 and its activity in developing endosperm. (8/5543)

We report the characterization of a maize Wee1 homologue and its expression in developing endosperm. Using a 0.8-kb cDNA from an expressed sequence tag project, we isolated a 1.6-kb cDNA (ZmWee1), which encodes a protein of 403 aa with a calculated molecular size of 45.6 kDa. The deduced amino acid sequence shows 50% identity to the protein kinase domain of human Wee1. Overexpression of ZmWee1 in Schizosaccharomyces pombe inhibited cell division and caused the cells to enlarge significantly. Recombinant ZmWee1 obtained from Escherichia coli is able to inhibit the activity of p13(suc1)-adsorbed cyclin-dependent kinase from maize. ZmWee1 is encoded by a single gene at a locus on the long arm of chromosome 4. RNA gel blots showed the ZmWee1 transcript is about 2.4 kb in length and that its abundance reaches a maximum 15 days after pollination in endosperm tissue. High levels of expression of ZmWee1 at this stage of endosperm development imply that ZmWee1 plays a role in endoreduplication. Our results show that control of cyclin-dependent kinase activity by Wee1 is conserved among eukaryotes, from fungi to animals and plants.  (+info)

'Zea mays' is the biological name for corn or maize, which is not typically considered a medical term. However, corn or maize can have medical relevance in certain contexts. For example, cornstarch is sometimes used as a diluent for medications and is also a component of some skin products. Corn oil may be found in topical ointments and creams. In addition, some people may have allergic reactions to corn or corn-derived products. But generally speaking, 'Zea mays' itself does not have a specific medical definition.

"Plant proteins" refer to the proteins that are derived from plant sources. These can include proteins from legumes such as beans, lentils, and peas, as well as proteins from grains like wheat, rice, and corn. Other sources of plant proteins include nuts, seeds, and vegetables.

Plant proteins are made up of individual amino acids, which are the building blocks of protein. While animal-based proteins typically contain all of the essential amino acids that the body needs to function properly, many plant-based proteins may be lacking in one or more of these essential amino acids. However, by consuming a variety of plant-based foods throughout the day, it is possible to get all of the essential amino acids that the body needs from plant sources alone.

Plant proteins are often lower in calories and saturated fat than animal proteins, making them a popular choice for those following a vegetarian or vegan diet, as well as those looking to maintain a healthy weight or reduce their risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease and cancer. Additionally, plant proteins have been shown to have a number of health benefits, including improving gut health, reducing inflammation, and supporting muscle growth and repair.

The plant root cap, also known as the calyptra, is the protective tissue found at the extreme tip of the primary root and lateral roots in plants. It consists of a group of cells that encloses and shields the apical meristem, which is the region responsible for the growth and elongation of the root.

The root cap plays a crucial role in guiding the direction of root growth by sensing and responding to environmental stimuli such as gravity, touch, and moisture gradients. As the root grows and penetrates the soil, the root cap cells are constantly worn away and replaced by new cells produced by the underlying meristematic tissue.

In addition to its protective function, the root cap also secretes a slimy mucilage that helps reduce friction between the root and the soil, facilitating the movement of the root through the substrate. This mucilage also contains enzymes and other compounds that aid in the breakdown and uptake of nutrients from the soil.

A gene in plants, like in other organisms, is a hereditary unit that carries genetic information from one generation to the next. It is a segment of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) that contains the instructions for the development and function of an organism. Genes in plants determine various traits such as flower color, plant height, resistance to diseases, and many others. They are responsible for encoding proteins and RNA molecules that play crucial roles in the growth, development, and reproduction of plants. Plant genes can be manipulated through traditional breeding methods or genetic engineering techniques to improve crop yield, enhance disease resistance, and increase nutritional value.

A plant root is not a medical term per se, but it is a term from botany, which is the study of plants. However, I can certainly provide a definition for you.

Plant roots are the underground organs of a plant that typically grow downward into the soil. They serve several important functions, including:

1. Anchorage: Roots help to stabilize the plant and keep it upright in the ground.
2. Absorption: Roots absorb water and nutrients from the soil, which are essential for the plant's growth and development.
3. Conduction: Roots conduct water and nutrients up to the above-ground parts of the plant, such as the stem and leaves.
4. Vegetative reproduction: Some plants can reproduce vegetatively through their roots, producing new plants from root fragments or specialized structures called rhizomes or tubers.

Roots are composed of several different tissues, including the epidermis, cortex, endodermis, and vascular tissue. The epidermis is the outermost layer of the root, which secretes a waxy substance called suberin that helps to prevent water loss. The cortex is the middle layer of the root, which contains cells that store carbohydrates and other nutrients. The endodermis is a thin layer of cells that surrounds the vascular tissue and regulates the movement of water and solutes into and out of the root. The vascular tissue consists of xylem and phloem, which transport water and nutrients throughout the plant.

Gene expression regulation in plants refers to the processes that control the production of proteins and RNA from the genes present in the plant's DNA. This regulation is crucial for normal growth, development, and response to environmental stimuli in plants. It can occur at various levels, including transcription (the first step in gene expression, where the DNA sequence is copied into RNA), RNA processing (such as alternative splicing, which generates different mRNA molecules from a single gene), translation (where the information in the mRNA is used to produce a protein), and post-translational modification (where proteins are chemically modified after they have been synthesized).

In plants, gene expression regulation can be influenced by various factors such as hormones, light, temperature, and stress. Plants use complex networks of transcription factors, chromatin remodeling complexes, and small RNAs to regulate gene expression in response to these signals. Understanding the mechanisms of gene expression regulation in plants is important for basic research, as well as for developing crops with improved traits such as increased yield, stress tolerance, and disease resistance.

In medical terms, "seeds" are often referred to as a small amount of a substance, such as a radioactive material or drug, that is inserted into a tissue or placed inside a capsule for the purpose of treating a medical condition. This can include procedures like brachytherapy, where seeds containing radioactive materials are used in the treatment of cancer to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. Similarly, in some forms of drug delivery, seeds containing medication can be used to gradually release the drug into the body over an extended period of time.

It's important to note that "seeds" have different meanings and applications depending on the medical context. In other cases, "seeds" may simply refer to small particles or structures found in the body, such as those present in the eye's retina.

I believe there may be a slight misunderstanding in your question. "Plant leaves" are not a medical term, but rather a general biological term referring to a specific organ found in plants.

Leaves are organs that are typically flat and broad, and they are the primary site of photosynthesis in most plants. They are usually green due to the presence of chlorophyll, which is essential for capturing sunlight and converting it into chemical energy through photosynthesis.

While leaves do not have a direct medical definition, understanding their structure and function can be important in various medical fields, such as pharmacognosy (the study of medicinal plants) or environmental health. For example, certain plant leaves may contain bioactive compounds that have therapeutic potential, while others may produce allergens or toxins that can impact human health.

Gravitropism is the growth or movement of a plant in response to gravity. It is a type of tropism, which is the growth or movement of an organism in response to a stimulus. In gravitropism, plant cells can sense the direction of gravity and grow or bend towards or away from it. Roots typically exhibit positive gravitropism, growing downwards in response to gravity, while shoots exhibit negative gravitropism, growing upwards against gravity. This growth pattern helps plants establish themselves in their environment and optimize their access to resources such as water and light.

Zein is not a medical term, but it is a term used in biochemistry and genetics. It refers to a group of prolamine proteins found in corn (maize) endosperm. These proteins are rich in the amino acid glutamine and are resistant to digestion by mammalian enzymes, making them useful as a food additive or coating material. They have no direct medical relevance but may be of interest in fields such as nutrition and allergy testing.

Molecular sequence data refers to the specific arrangement of molecules, most commonly nucleotides in DNA or RNA, or amino acids in proteins, that make up a biological macromolecule. This data is generated through laboratory techniques such as sequencing, and provides information about the exact order of the constituent molecules. This data is crucial in various fields of biology, including genetics, evolution, and molecular biology, allowing for comparisons between different organisms, identification of genetic variations, and studies of gene function and regulation.

DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the genetic material present in the cells of all living organisms, including plants. In plants, DNA is located in the nucleus of a cell, as well as in chloroplasts and mitochondria. Plant DNA contains the instructions for the development, growth, and function of the plant, and is passed down from one generation to the next through the process of reproduction.

The structure of DNA is a double helix, formed by two strands of nucleotides that are linked together by hydrogen bonds. Each nucleotide contains a sugar molecule (deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. There are four types of nitrogenous bases in DNA: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). Adenine pairs with thymine, and guanine pairs with cytosine, forming the rungs of the ladder that make up the double helix.

The genetic information in DNA is encoded in the sequence of these nitrogenous bases. Large sequences of bases form genes, which provide the instructions for the production of proteins. The process of gene expression involves transcribing the DNA sequence into a complementary RNA molecule, which is then translated into a protein.

Plant DNA is similar to animal DNA in many ways, but there are also some differences. For example, plant DNA contains a higher proportion of repetitive sequences and transposable elements, which are mobile genetic elements that can move around the genome and cause mutations. Additionally, plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts, which are not present in animal cells, and these structures contain their own DNA.

A medical definition for "plant shoots" may not be readily available, as the term is primarily used in botany and horticulture. However, I can provide you with a general definition:

Plant shoots refer to the above-ground portion of a plant, which typically includes structures like stems, leaves, flowers, and buds. Shoots originate from the seed or the growing tip of the plant and are responsible for photosynthesis, nutrient absorption, and reproduction. In some contexts, "plant shoots" might also refer to new growth that emerges from an existing plant, such as when a leaf or stem sprouts a new branch or flower.

A plant genome refers to the complete set of genetic material or DNA present in the cells of a plant. It contains all the hereditary information necessary for the development and functioning of the plant, including its structural and functional characteristics. The plant genome includes both coding regions that contain instructions for producing proteins and non-coding regions that have various regulatory functions.

The plant genome is composed of several types of DNA molecules, including chromosomes, which are located in the nucleus of the cell. Each chromosome contains one or more genes, which are segments of DNA that code for specific proteins or RNA molecules. Plants typically have multiple sets of chromosomes, with each set containing a complete copy of the genome.

The study of plant genomes is an active area of research in modern biology, with important applications in areas such as crop improvement, evolutionary biology, and medical research. Advances in DNA sequencing technologies have made it possible to determine the complete sequences of many plant genomes, providing valuable insights into their structure, function, and evolution.

Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is not exactly a medical term, but rather a scientific term used in the field of biochemistry and physiology. It is a type of auxin, which is a plant hormone that regulates various growth and development processes in plants. IAA is the most abundant and best-studied natural auxin.

Medically, indole-3-acetic acid may be mentioned in the context of certain medical conditions or treatments related to plants or plant-derived substances. For example, some research has investigated the potential use of IAA in promoting wound healing in plants or in agricultural applications. However, it is not a substance that is typically used in medical treatment for humans or animals.

Pyruvate, orthophosphate dikinase (PPDK) is an enzyme found in plants and some bacteria that plays a crucial role in carbohydrate metabolism. Its primary function is to catalyze the reversible conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to pyruvate, releasing inorganic phosphate (Pi) and generating a molecule of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from adenosine diphosphate (ADP).

The reaction catalyzed by PPDK is as follows:

PEP + Pi + ATP ↔ Pyruvate + AMP + PPi (inorganic pyrophosphate)

This enzyme is particularly important in C4 and CAM plants, where it helps to fix carbon dioxide during photosynthesis. In these plant species, PPDK is primarily located in the bundle sheath cells, which are surrounding the vascular bundles of leaves. Here, it facilitates the transfer of fixed carbon from mesophyll cells to bundle sheath cells for further processing and eventual reduction into carbohydrates.

PPDK is subject to complex regulation, with its activity being controlled by various factors such as light, pH, and metabolite concentrations. The enzyme can be reversibly inactivated under low light conditions or during the night through a process called protein phosphorylation, which adds a phosphate group to specific residues on the enzyme. This modification reduces PPDK's catalytic activity and helps conserve energy when it is not needed for carbon fixation. Upon exposure to light, the phosphate group can be removed by a protein phosphatase, reactivating the enzyme and allowing it to participate in carbohydrate metabolism once again.

Chromosomes in plants are thread-like structures that contain genetic material, DNA, and proteins. They are present in the nucleus of every cell and are inherited from the parent plants during sexual reproduction. Chromosomes come in pairs, with each pair consisting of one chromosome from each parent.

In plants, like in other organisms, chromosomes play a crucial role in inheritance, development, and reproduction. They carry genetic information that determines various traits and characteristics of the plant, such as its physical appearance, growth patterns, and resistance to diseases.

Plant chromosomes are typically much larger than those found in animals, making them easier to study under a microscope. The number of chromosomes varies among different plant species, ranging from as few as 2 in some ferns to over 1000 in certain varieties of wheat.

During cell division, the chromosomes replicate and then separate into two identical sets, ensuring that each new cell receives a complete set of genetic information. This process is critical for the growth and development of the plant, as well as for the production of viable seeds and offspring.

Zearalenone is a type of mycotoxin, which is a toxic compound produced by certain types of fungi. Specifically, zearalenone is produced by some strains of Fusarium fungi that can infect crops such as corn, wheat, and barley. It has estrogen-like properties and can cause reproductive problems in animals that consume contaminated feed. In humans, exposure to high levels of zearalenone may cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, but the effects of long-term exposure are not well understood.

Medical Definition: Zearalenone is a mycotoxin produced by certain strains of Fusarium fungi that can infect crops such as corn, wheat, and barley. It has estrogen-like properties and can cause reproductive problems in animals that consume contaminated feed. In humans, exposure to high levels of zearalenone may cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, but the effects of long-term exposure are not well understood.

Endosperm is a type of tissue found in the seeds of flowering plants, which provides nutrition to the developing embryo. It is formed from the fusion of one sperm cell with two polar nuclei during double fertilization in angiosperms (flowering plants). The endosperm can be triploid (having three sets of chromosomes) or sometimes diploid (having two sets of chromosomes), depending on the species.

The endosperm can have different forms and functions across various plant species. In some seeds, it serves as a food storage tissue, accumulating starch, proteins, and lipids that are used up by the embryo during germination and early growth. Examples of such seeds include cereal grains like corn, wheat, rice, and barley, where the endosperm makes up a significant portion of the grain.

In other plants, the endosperm may be absorbed by the developing embryo before seed maturation, leaving only a thin layer called the aleurone layer that surrounds the embryo. This aleurone layer is responsible for producing enzymes during germination, which help in breaking down stored nutrients and making them available to the growing embryo.

Overall, endosperm plays a crucial role in the development and survival of angiosperm seeds, acting as a source of nutrition and energy for the embryo.

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) in plants refers to the long, single-stranded molecules that are essential for the translation of genetic information from deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) into proteins. RNA is a nucleic acid, like DNA, and it is composed of a ribose sugar backbone with attached nitrogenous bases (adenine, uracil, guanine, and cytosine).

In plants, there are several types of RNA that play specific roles in the gene expression process:

1. Messenger RNA (mRNA): This type of RNA carries genetic information copied from DNA in the form of a sequence of three-base code units called codons. These codons specify the order of amino acids in a protein.
2. Transfer RNA (tRNA): tRNAs are small RNA molecules that serve as adaptors between the mRNA and the amino acids during protein synthesis. Each tRNA has a specific anticodon sequence that base-pairs with a complementary codon on the mRNA, and it carries a specific amino acid that corresponds to that codon.
3. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA): rRNAs are structural components of ribosomes, which are large macromolecular complexes where protein synthesis occurs. In plants, there are several types of rRNAs, including the 18S, 5.8S, and 25S/28S rRNAs, that form the core of the ribosome and help catalyze peptide bond formation during protein synthesis.
4. Small nuclear RNA (snRNA): These are small RNA molecules that play a role in RNA processing, such as splicing, where introns (non-coding sequences) are removed from pre-mRNA and exons (coding sequences) are joined together to form mature mRNAs.
5. MicroRNA (miRNA): These are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by binding to complementary sequences in target mRNAs, leading to their degradation or translation inhibition.

Overall, these different types of RNAs play crucial roles in various aspects of RNA metabolism, gene regulation, and protein synthesis in plants.

Genetically modified plants (GMPs) are plants that have had their DNA altered through genetic engineering techniques to exhibit desired traits. These modifications can be made to enhance certain characteristics such as increased resistance to pests, improved tolerance to environmental stresses like drought or salinity, or enhanced nutritional content. The process often involves introducing genes from other organisms, such as bacteria or viruses, into the plant's genome. Examples of GMPs include Bt cotton, which has a gene from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis that makes it resistant to certain pests, and golden rice, which is engineered to contain higher levels of beta-carotene, a precursor to vitamin A. It's important to note that genetically modified plants are subject to rigorous testing and regulation to ensure their safety for human consumption and environmental impact before they are approved for commercial use.

I apologize for any confusion, but "plants" is not a term that has a medical definition. The term "plants" refers to a large and diverse group of organisms that obtain their energy through photosynthesis, which is the process of converting sunlight into chemical energy. Plants are typically characterized by having cells with cell walls containing cellulose, chloroplasts containing the pigment chlorophyll, and the ability to synthesize their own food through photosynthesis.

In a medical or biological context, you might be thinking of "plant-based" or "phytomedicine," which refer to the use of plants or plant extracts as a form of medicine or treatment. Phytomedicines have been used for thousands of years in many traditional systems of medicine, and some plant-derived compounds have been found to have therapeutic benefits in modern medicine as well. However, "plants" itself does not have a medical definition.

Pollen, in a medical context, refers to the fine powder-like substance produced by the male reproductive organ of seed plants. It contains microscopic grains known as pollen grains, which are transported by various means such as wind, water, or insects to the female reproductive organ of the same or another plant species for fertilization.

Pollen can cause allergic reactions in some individuals, particularly during the spring and summer months when plants release large amounts of pollen into the air. These allergies, also known as hay fever or seasonal allergic rhinitis, can result in symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose, congestion, itchy eyes, and coughing.

It is important to note that while all pollen has the potential to cause allergic reactions, certain types of plants, such as ragweed, grasses, and trees, are more likely to trigger symptoms in sensitive individuals.

Agricultural crops refer to plants that are grown and harvested for the purpose of human or animal consumption, fiber production, or other uses such as biofuels. These crops can include grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, and legumes, among others. They are typically cultivated using various farming practices, including traditional row cropping, companion planting, permaculture, and organic farming methods. The choice of crop and farming method depends on factors such as the local climate, soil conditions, and market demand. Proper management of agricultural crops is essential for ensuring food security, promoting sustainable agriculture, and protecting the environment.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "seedling" is not a term that has a specific medical definition. It is an agricultural and horticultural term that refers to a young plant grown from a seed, typically during the early stages of its growth. If you have any questions related to health or medicine, I'd be happy to try to help with those!

Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are natural or synthetic chemical substances that, when present in low concentrations, can influence various physiological and biochemical processes in plants. These processes include cell division, elongation, and differentiation; flowering and fruiting; leaf senescence; and stress responses. PGRs can be classified into several categories based on their mode of action and chemical structure, including auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid, ethylene, and others. They are widely used in agriculture to improve crop yield and quality, regulate plant growth and development, and enhance stress tolerance.

A cotyledon is a seed leaf in plants, which is part of the embryo within the seed. Cotyledons are often referred to as "seed leaves" because they are the first leaves to emerge from the seed during germination and provide nutrients to the developing plant until it can produce its own food through photosynthesis.

In some plants, such as monocotyledons, there is only one cotyledon, while in other plants, such as dicotyledons, there are two cotyledons. The number of cotyledons is a characteristic that is used to classify different types of plants.

Cotyledons serve important functions during the early stages of plant growth, including providing energy and nutrients to the developing plant, protecting the embryo, and helping to anchor the seed in the soil. Once the plant has established its root system and begun to produce true leaves through photosynthesis, the cotyledons may wither or fall off, depending on the species.

Anthocyanins are a type of plant pigment that belong to the flavonoid group. They are responsible for providing colors ranging from red, purple, and blue to black in various fruits, vegetables, flowers, and leaves. Anthocyanins have been studied extensively due to their potential health benefits, which include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. They also play a role in protecting plants from environmental stressors such as UV radiation, pathogens, and extreme temperatures. Chemically, anthocyanins are water-soluble compounds that can form complex structures with other molecules, leading to variations in their color expression depending on pH levels.

'Gravity sensing' is not a term typically used in medical definitions. However, in the context of physiology and neuroscience, it refers to the ability of certain cells or organisms to detect and respond to changes in gravity. This is particularly relevant in the vestibular system, which is responsible for maintaining balance and spatial orientation.

In the human body, gravity sensing in the vestibular system is achieved through the detection of head movement and position by hair cells located in the inner ear. These hair cells are embedded in a gel-like structure within the semicircular canals and the utricle and saccule of the vestibular apparatus. When the head moves, the fluid within these structures moves as well, bending the hair cells and stimulating nerve impulses that are sent to the brain. The brain then interprets these signals to help us maintain our balance and spatial orientation.

Therefore, while not a traditional medical definition, gravity sensing is an important concept in understanding how the body maintains its equilibrium and navigates through space.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "soil" is not a term that has a medical definition. Soil is defined as the top layer of earth in which plants grow, a mixture of organic material, clay, sand, and silt. If you have any questions related to medicine or health, I would be happy to try to help answer them for you.

An amino acid sequence is the specific order of amino acids in a protein or peptide molecule, formed by the linking of the amino group (-NH2) of one amino acid to the carboxyl group (-COOH) of another amino acid through a peptide bond. The sequence is determined by the genetic code and is unique to each type of protein or peptide. It plays a crucial role in determining the three-dimensional structure and function of proteins.

"Oryza sativa" is the scientific name for Asian rice, which is a species of grass and one of the most important food crops in the world. It is a staple food for more than half of the global population, providing a significant source of calories and carbohydrates. There are several varieties of Oryza sativa, including indica and japonica, which differ in their genetic makeup, growth habits, and grain characteristics.

Oryza sativa is an annual plant that grows to a height of 1-2 meters and produces long slender leaves and clusters of flowers at the top of the stem. The grains are enclosed within a tough husk, which must be removed before consumption. Rice is typically grown in flooded fields or paddies, which provide the necessary moisture for germination and growth.

Rice is an important source of nutrition for people around the world, particularly in developing countries where it may be one of the few reliable sources of food. It is rich in carbohydrates, fiber, and various vitamins and minerals, including thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, iron, and magnesium. However, rice can also be a significant source of arsenic, a toxic heavy metal that can accumulate in the grain during growth.

In medical terms, Oryza sativa may be used as a component of nutritional interventions for individuals who are at risk of malnutrition or who have specific dietary needs. It may also be studied in clinical trials to evaluate its potential health benefits or risks.

Inbreeding, in a medical context, refers to the practice of mating closely related individuals within a given family or breeding population. This leads to an increased proportion of homozygous genes, meaning that the same alleles (versions of a gene) are inherited from both parents. As a result, recessive traits and disorders become more likely to be expressed because the necessary dominant allele may be absent.

In human medicine, consanguinity is the term often used instead of inbreeding, and it refers to relationships between individuals who share a common ancestor. Consanguinity increases the risk of certain genetic disorders due to the increased likelihood of sharing harmful recessive genes. The closer the relationship, the higher the risk.

In animal breeding, inbreeding can lead to reduced fertility, lower birth weights, higher infant mortality, and a decreased lifespan. It is crucial to maintain genetic diversity within populations to ensure their overall health and vigor.

Poaceae is not a medical term but a taxonomic category, specifically the family name for grasses. In a broader sense, you might be asking for a medical context where knowledge of this plant family could be relevant. For instance, certain members of the Poaceae family can cause allergies or negative reactions in some people.

In a medical definition, Poaceae would be defined as:

The family of monocotyledonous plants that includes grasses, bamboo, and sedges. These plants are characterized by narrow leaves with parallel veins, jointed stems (called "nodes" and "internodes"), and flowers arranged in spikelets. Some members of this family are important food sources for humans and animals, such as rice, wheat, corn, barley, oats, and sorghum. Other members can cause negative reactions, like skin irritation or allergies, due to their silica-based defense structures called phytoliths.

Phylogeny is the evolutionary history and relationship among biological entities, such as species or genes, based on their shared characteristics. In other words, it refers to the branching pattern of evolution that shows how various organisms have descended from a common ancestor over time. Phylogenetic analysis involves constructing a tree-like diagram called a phylogenetic tree, which depicts the inferred evolutionary relationships among organisms or genes based on molecular sequence data or other types of characters. This information is crucial for understanding the diversity and distribution of life on Earth, as well as for studying the emergence and spread of diseases.

A base sequence in the context of molecular biology refers to the specific order of nucleotides in a DNA or RNA molecule. In DNA, these nucleotides are adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). In RNA, uracil (U) takes the place of thymine. The base sequence contains genetic information that is transcribed into RNA and ultimately translated into proteins. It is the exact order of these bases that determines the genetic code and thus the function of the DNA or RNA molecule.

Abscisic acid (ABA) is a plant hormone that plays a crucial role in the regulation of various physiological processes, including seed dormancy, bud dormancy, leaf senescence, and response to abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, and cold temperatures. It is a sesquiterpene compound that is synthesized in plants primarily in response to environmental stimuli that trigger the onset of stress responses.

ABA functions by regulating gene expression, cell growth and development, and stomatal closure, which helps prevent water loss from plants under drought conditions. It also plays a role in the regulation of plant metabolism and the activation of defense mechanisms against pathogens and other environmental stressors. Overall, abscisic acid is an essential hormone that enables plants to adapt to changing environmental conditions and optimize their growth and development.

I'm happy to help! However, it seems there might be a bit of confusion here. Starch is not typically considered a medical term, but rather a nutritional and biochemical concept. Here's a brief explanation:

Starch is a complex carbohydrate that serves as the primary form of energy storage in plants. It is made up of long chains of glucose molecules and can be found in various foods such as grains, legumes, fruits, and vegetables. Amylase, an enzyme present in our saliva and digestive system, helps break down starch into simpler sugars during the digestion process so that our bodies can absorb them for energy.

I hope this clarifies any confusion! If you have any other questions or need further information on a medical topic, please don't hesitate to ask.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Humic Substances" are not considered medical terms with a specific clinical definition. They are organic compounds that are commonly found in soil, sediments, and water, formed by the decomposition and transformation of plant and animal materials over time. Humic substances can have various complex structures and properties, and they play important roles in nutrient cycling, soil fertility, and water quality. However, they are not typically discussed in the context of medical definitions or healthcare.

Phthalimides are organic compounds that contain a phthalimide functional group. The phthalimide group consists of a pair of fused rings, a benzene ring and a five-membered ring containing two nitrogen atoms, with one of the nitrogen atoms being part of a carbonyl group.

Phthalimides are commonly used as intermediates in the synthesis of other organic compounds, including pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and dyes. They can also exhibit various biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and anticancer properties. However, some phthalimides have been found to have toxic effects and may pose environmental and health concerns.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "gravitation" is not a term that is typically used in the context of medical definitions. Gravitation is a fundamental force that attracts two objects with mass towards each other. It is the force that causes objects to fall towards the earth and keeps the planets in orbit around the sun.

In the field of medicine, the concepts of gravity or gravitational forces are not directly relevant to the diagnosis or treatment of medical conditions. However, there may be some indirect applications related to physiology and human health, such as the effects of microgravity on the human body during space travel.

Chloroplasts are specialized organelles found in the cells of green plants, algae, and some protists. They are responsible for carrying out photosynthesis, which is the process by which these organisms convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy in the form of organic compounds, such as glucose.

Chloroplasts contain the pigment chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy from the sun. They also contain a system of membranes and enzymes that convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen through a series of chemical reactions known as the Calvin cycle. This process not only provides energy for the organism but also releases oxygen as a byproduct, which is essential for the survival of most life forms on Earth.

Chloroplasts are believed to have originated from ancient cyanobacteria that were engulfed by early eukaryotic cells and eventually became integrated into their host's cellular machinery through a process called endosymbiosis. Over time, chloroplasts evolved to become an essential component of plant and algal cells, contributing to their ability to carry out photosynthesis and thrive in a wide range of environments.

DNA transposable elements, also known as transposons or jumping genes, are mobile genetic elements that can change their position within a genome. They are composed of DNA sequences that include genes encoding the enzymes required for their own movement (transposase) and regulatory elements. When activated, the transposase recognizes specific sequences at the ends of the element and catalyzes the excision and reintegration of the transposable element into a new location in the genome. This process can lead to genetic variation, as the insertion of a transposable element can disrupt the function of nearby genes or create new combinations of gene regulatory elements. Transposable elements are widespread in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes and are thought to play a significant role in genome evolution.

Herbicides are a type of pesticide used to control or kill unwanted plants, also known as weeds. They work by interfering with the growth processes of the plant, such as inhibiting photosynthesis, disrupting cell division, or preventing the plant from producing certain essential proteins.

Herbicides can be classified based on their mode of action, chemical composition, and the timing of their application. Some herbicides are selective, meaning they target specific types of weeds while leaving crops unharmed, while others are non-selective and will kill any plant they come into contact with.

It's important to use herbicides responsibly and according to the manufacturer's instructions, as they can have negative impacts on the environment and human health if not used properly.

"Zea mays". MaltaWildPlants.com. Retrieved 2022-01-04. Mifsud, Stephen. "Ziziphus zizyphus". MaltaWildPlants.com. Retrieved 2022 ... Articles that may be too long from January 2022, Flora of Malta, Lists of plants, Lists of biota of Malta, Articles with many ...
The term "teosinte" describes all species and subspecies in the genus Zea, excluding Zea mays ssp. mays) It has evolved from a ... ISBN 978-1-107-02303-1. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Zea mays. Wikispecies has information related to Zea mays. Maize ... Maize (/meɪz/ MAYZ; Zea mays subsp. mays, from Spanish: maíz after Taino: mahis), also known as corn in North American and ... There are two major species of the genus Zea (out of six total): Z. mays (maize) and Z. diploperennis, which is a perennial ...
The kernels vary from variety to variety, and what distinguishes Zea mays var. indentata from other varieties of Zea mays is ... Zea mays var. indentata, synonym Zea indentata Sturtev., was identified and published by American agronomist and botanist ... The flowers of Zea mays are monoecious and are born in separate parts of the plant. The female flower, or ear, is an ... The leaves of Zea mays alternate with broad, sword-shaped leaf blades, parallel veins with a prominent mid-rib, and small ...
Zea mays). Submontane zone, 700 - 1,000 m (East Alps), 300 - 450 m (Central German hills), European Beech (Fagus sylvatica), ... Local accuracy might be established for a particular district. In some parts of the Alps, the limit is about 2,400 m (7,900 ft ... On the opposite sides of the same chain the exposure to the sun or to warm winds may cause a wide difference in the level of ... Of this low country, about one half may be vineyards and grain fields, while the remainder produces forage and grass. Of the ...
Zea mays). Submontane zone, 700 - 1,000 m (Eastern Alps), 300 - 450 m (Central Uplands), European Beech (Fagus sylvatica), ...
Zea is a genus of flowering plants in the grass family. The best-known species is Z. mays (variously called maize, corn, or ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to Zea (genus). Carroll, Sean B. (24 May 2010). "Tracking the Ancestry of Corn Back 9,000 ... Teosinte with a different insertion of the transgene may result and functionally different outcomes may be produced. Kew World ... and Zea with Z. mays. The former section is typified by dark-staining knobs made up of heterochromatin that are terminal on ...
... (Zea mays var. amylacea) is a variety of corn with a soft starchy endosperm and a thin pericarp. It is primarily ...
Zea mays, maize or 'corn.' Traditionally variety grown by the Natives shown here. Cucurbita pepo was domesticated into several ...
"USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Zea mays". Retrieved 2 January 2017. "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Chenopodium quinoa". Retrieved 2 January 2017. " ... Corn/Maize (Zea†) Quinoa (Chenopodium) Several (though not all) species of amaranth (Amaranthus) Some species of wild rice ( ...
... (Zea mays var. indurata; also known as Indian corn or sometimes calico corn) is a variant of maize, the same species ... Popcorn (Zea mays everta, "corn turned inside out") is considered a variant of this type. It has a hard, slightly translucent ... With less soft starch than dent corn (Zea mays indentata), flint corn does not have the dents in each kernel from which dent ... of selective breeding to transform a wild teosinte grass with small grains into the rich source of food that is modern Zea mays ...
Zea mays L. - family Poaceae. This is the scientific name of maize, i.e. corn. Generic name Zea is derived from the Greek name ... The genus May is named after Bruno May, a private individual who contributed sponsorship to the research though a donation to ... May norm Jäger & Krehenwinkel, 2015 and May rudy Jäger & Krehenwinkel, 2015 - family Sparassidae. Two species of huntsman ... Xu, X.; Zheng, X.; Sullivan, C.; Wang, X.; Xing, L.; Wang, Y.; Zhang, X.; O'Connor, J. K.; Zhang, F. & Pan, Y. (7 May 2015). "A ...
... (Zea mays convar. saccharata var. rugosa), also called sweetcorn, sugar corn and pole corn, is a variety of corn ... If left to dry on the plant, kernels may be taken off the cob and cooked in oil where, unlike popcorn, they expand to about ...
DNA testing of Spanish teosinte shows it to be intermediate between Zea mays subsp. mays and Zea mays subsp. mexicana. ... May or may not be adaptive, not actually confirmed.) Herbicide resistance: Various genes identical to genetically engineered ... In some cases domestication alleles may produce weeds that are weedier than the wild parent they were derived from. For example ... On the other hand, novel mutations may be the source herbicide resistance in Echinochloa crus-galli and E. oryzicola, whose ...
The larvae feed on Zea mays. "GlobIZ search". Global Information System on Pyraloidea. Retrieved 2014-07-15. Savela, Markku. " ...
Zea mays L. ssp. mays) assessed with individuals and bulks on agarose gels". Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution. 55 (7): 971- ... Zea mays L. ssp. mays) landraces". Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution. 57 (1): 71-84. doi:10.1007/s10722-009-9452-0. hdl: ... Freitag, N; Schneider, D:, Mir, C; Stamp, P; Hund, A; Messmer, R (2012). "Swiss maize (Zea mays L) landraces. Their genetic ... Zea mays L.) in contrasting environments". Doectoral Dissertation, ETH Zurich. Schilperoord, Peer (2014). "Le maïs". Verein für ...
... mays/latest_assembly_versions/GCF_902167145.1_Zm-B73-REFERENCE-NAM-5.0". ftp.ncbi.nih.gov. Retrieved 2020-12-01. "Zea mays (ID ...
The larvae feed on Zea mays. Nuss, M.; et al. (2003-2017). "GlobIZ search". Global Information System on Pyraloidea. Retrieved ...
... , the corn cyst nematode (CCN), is a plant parasitic nematode that feeds on Zea mays (maize/corn). The CCN has a ... Krusberg, L. R.; S. Sardanelli; A. P. Grybauskas (1997). "Damage potential of Heterodera zeae to Zea mays as affected by ... Hashmi, S.; L. R. Krusberg; R. N. Huettel (1993). "Resistance in Zea mays to Heterodera zeae". Journal of Nematology. 25 (4 ... It has been reported that temperature may influence the susceptibility of poor host plants to infection by H.zeae. At 15 and 23 ...
and D. zeae (Schwein.) Lév.) is a plant pathogenic fungus and causal organism of diplodia ear and stalk rot. Corn (Zea mays) ... Earworm (Helicoverpa zea) damage at the ear shank is often associated with the disease. Diplodia rot is most severe for mono ... Some isolates may cause premature germination of the corn kernels. In stalk infections, injury to the vascular system disrupts ... Further, some animals may reject contaminated corn-based feed. Stenocarpella rot has the potential to affect distillers dried ...
The larvae feed on Zea mays (corn). Savela, Markku. "Alpenus pardalina (Rothschild, 1910)". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life ...
Sugar Snap), and maize (Zea mays cv. Silver Queen). It proved able to kill nearly 100% of seedlings with the exception of ... Barclay, Eliza (24 May 2013). "The Great Charcoal Debate: Briquettes Or Lumps?". NPR. Retrieved 25 May 2013. Gill, Barbara ( ... A fruit cluster may contain hundreds of seeds. The seeds borne on the female trees are 5 mm (0.2 in) in diameter and each is ... The tree may be native to these areas, but the tree is generally agreed to be a very early introduction. Within China, it has ...
"Zea mays ( Yoeme Blue Corn ) - Backyard Gardener". 21 September 2016. "Zea mays ( Tarahumara Maiz Azul Corn ) - Backyard ... Archived from the original on 31 May 2017. Retrieved 11 June 2017. "Basic nutrition report per 100 grams: 18449, Tortillas, ...
Interference between Rottboellia cochinchinensis and Zea mays. Weed Science Society of America. 48(2), 205-211. Spaunhorst, D. ... The eliastome (callus knob) which is disseminated with the caryopsis, contains oils which may attract ants and aid dispersal. ... Zea), upland rice (Oryza), cotton (Gossypium), soy (Glycine), Sorghum and peanuts (Arachis). Asian countries such as India do ... with Rottboellia forming a sister clade to Zea. Clayton and Renvoize also recognised a subtribe Rottboelliinae which included ...
Timler Zea mays L. Zehneria capillacea (Schumach.) C.Jeffrey Zehneria hallii C.Jeffrey Zehneria scabra (L.f.) Sond. Zehneria ...
"Genetic Mapping Fact Sheet". Gallavotti A, Whipple CJ (January 2015). "Positional cloning in maize (Zea mays subsp. mays, ... Retrieved 2 May 2023. Aguilera-Galvez C, Champouret N, Rietman H, Lin X, Wouters D, Chu Z, et al. (March 2018). "Two different ... Retrieved 3 May 2023. Ladejobi O, Elderfield J, Gardner KA, Gaynor RC, Hickey J, Hibberd JM, et al. (December 2016). " ... Retrieved 3 May 2023. Benzer S (June 1955). "Fine structure of a genetic region in bacteriophage". Proceedings of the National ...
He married Anna May Stanton in June 1916. They had several children. "Morphology of the flowers of Zea mays". Bulletin of the ... "The endosperm of Zea and Coix". American Journal of Botany. 17 (5): 371-380. May 1930. doi:10.2307/2435927. "Presidential ... "The development of the spikelets of Zea mays". Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 44 (10): 483-496. 1917. "The popping of ...
Tarr, J. B.; Arditti, J. (1982). "Niacin Biosynthesis in Seedlings of Zea mays". Plant Physiology. 69 (3): 553-556. doi:10.1104 ... The effects may have a delayed onset of several hours and include dizziness, headache, lack of coordination, nausea, salivation ... They may progress into abdominal pain, pulmonary congestion and unconsciousness. The lowest known lethal dose (LDLo) for the ... Pyridine can cause chemical burns on contact with the skin and its fumes may be irritating to the eyes or upon inhalation. ...
Zea mays L. (Maize/corn), cereal grain. It is a diploid monocot with 10 large chromosome pairs, easily studied with the ... Retrieved 25 May 2023. Ohm, R.; De Jong, J.; Lugones, L.; Aerts, A.; Kothe, E.; Stajich, J.; De Vries, R.; Record, E.; ... Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Use dmy dates from May 2022, Model organisms, ...
Zea mays) from the Smith Research Center in Tallassee, Alabama. The major menaquinone of Nocardioides zeae is MK-8(H4). Glaeser ... SP; McInroy, JA; Busse, HJ; Kämpfer, P (July 2014). "Nocardioides zeae sp. nov., isolated from the stem of Zea mays". ... Nocardioides zeae is a Gram-positive and aerobic bacterium from the genus Nocardioides which has been isolated from the ... Type strain of Nocardioides zeae at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase v t e (Articles with short description, ...
Retrieved 31 May 2011. Zea, Antonio (25 May 2006). "Italy Cup 2005/06". RSSSF. Archived from the original on 7 February 2016. ... 2 May 2016. Retrieved 3 May 2016. "Francesco Totti makes 600th Serie A appearance as Roma beat Chievo 3-0". The Guardian. 8 May ... Retrieved 9 May 2016. Campo, Carlo (8 May 2016). "Francesco Totti records 600th Serie A appearance". The Score. Retrieved 9 May ... 1 May 2011. Archived from the original on 5 May 2011. Retrieved 31 May 2011. "DiBenedetto finally seals Roma takeover". ...
Examples are Cucurbita maxima, Phaseolus vulgaris, Zea mays. Recent usage in horticulture has, however, maintained a ... having affinities with) or may remain unnamed. Its cultigenic origin may or may not be recognised by the allocation of a ... The genetic material of a cultigen may become part of the gene pool of a population where, over time, it may be largely or ... For example a plant might have flowers of several different colours but these may not have been given formal botanical names. ...
Maize (Zea mays) is a major cereal crop; it is third behind rice and wheat in production. An average of 380 million tons are ... Young leaves, may experience chlorotic spotting which may eventually turn into a mosaic or mottle pattern ("Maize Dwarf Mosaic ... Zea mays L.) by expression profiling". BMC Plant Biology. 9: 15. doi:10.1186/1471-2229-9-15. ISSN 1471-2229. PMC 2669481. PMID ... the mosaic pattern may bleed into a general yellowing of the leaf and eventually areas of red streaks or blotches may appear if ...
Daily Use With SPF Products Containing Zea Mays (Corn) Starch Sort best to worst. Sort worst to best. Sort alphabetical A-Z. ...
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1. Zea mays Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 971. 1753. 玉蜀黍 yu shu shu Culms erect, 1-4 m tall. Leaf sheaths with transverse veinlets; leaf ...
For organic fertilizers such as fish emulsion, follow label directions as they may vary per product. Light. Conditions : Light ... The western side of a house may even be shady due to shadows cast by large trees or a structure from an adjacent property. If ... If a shade loving plant is exposed to direct sun, it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged. ... Right plant, right place! Plants which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in color, have fewer leaves and a "leggy ...
Zea Mays is situated in the picturesque Pioneer Valley in Western Massachusetts, a two-hour drive from Boston and three from ... Visitingzeamays2023-04-20T14:15:37-04:00. Zea Mays Printmaking is located at 320 Riverside Drive, Florence (Northampton), ... Zea Mays is situated in the picturesque Pioneer Valley in Western Massachusetts. We are a mere two-hour drive to Boston and ... Shared Visions Near and Far: An Artful Ice Shanty by Zea Mays Printmaking ...
Shared Visions Near and Far: An Artful Ice Shanty by Zea Mays Printmaking ... Shared Visions Near and Far: An Artful Ice Shanty by Zea Mays Printmaking ...
Zea mays) sample cultivated in Ecuador.Methods: Corn... , Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate ... Corn oil (Zea mays L.) is a vegetable oil that is used widely in the food industry with its good fatty acid composition. Corn ... The aim of this work was to determine the fatty acids content in corn seeds oil (Zea mays) sample cultivated in Ecuador. ... dated starch residues document early formative maize (Zea mays L.) in tropical Ecuador. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008;105(13): ...
Louisa Howard (2012) CIL:39358, Zea mays. CIL. Dataset. https://doi.org/doi:10.7295/W9CIL39358 ...
Genetic Divergence in Maize (Zea mays L.). Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 6: 1910-1911. DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2003.1910. ... Genetic Divergence in Maize (Zea mays L.) table, th, td { border: 0px solid #ececec; border-collapse: collapse; } th, td { ...
In this study, corn (Zea mays) plants were ... ... In this study, corn (Zea mays) plants were cultivated to full ... Monitoring the Environmental Effects of CeO2 and ZnO Nanoparticles Through the Life Cycle of Corn (Zea mays) Plants and in Situ ... Effects of CeO2 Nanoparticles on Nutritional Quality of Two Crop Plants, Corn (Zea mays L.) and Soybean (Glycine max L.). ... Understanding the phytotoxic impact of Al3+, nano-size, and bulk Al2O3 on growth and physiology of maize (Zea mays L.) in ...
Zea mays L.) is required to establish plants large enough to afford the benefits of a cover since there is limited favorable ... 8], 69% of the annual N loss occurs as runoff in April through June in maize (Zea mays L.)-soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) ... Factors Affecting the Establishment and Growth of Cover Crops Intersown into Maize (Zea mays L.) by Mattie B. Schmitt ... "Factors Affecting the Establishment and Growth of Cover Crops Intersown into Maize (Zea mays L.)" Agronomy 11, no. 4: 712. ...
JEFFREY M. ELLIS, JAMES L. GRIFFIN, and CURTIS A. JONES "Effect of Carrier Volume on Corn (Zea mays) and Soybean (Glycine max) ... JEFFREY M. ELLIS, JAMES L. GRIFFIN, CURTIS A. JONES "Effect of Carrier Volume on Corn (Zea mays) and Soybean (Glycine max) ... Effect of Carrier Volume on Corn (Zea mays) and Soybean (Glycine max) Response to Simulated Drift of Glyphosate and Glufosinate ... Nomenclature: Glufosinate; glyphosate; corn, Zea mays L. Dekalb 687; soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. DPL 3588. ...
Zea mays Research Information. Corn allergy information and photos, Wayne county, Indiana ... Genus: Zea Species: Corn (Zea mays) Corn Species Description. These plants are from foreign areas (those that occur outside of ... Corn (Zea mays). Home « Indiana « Wayne « Zea « Zea mays Family: POACEAE ... Allergenicity: Corn (Zea mays) is a severe allergen.. Pollination: Occurs in following seasons depending on latitude and ...
Zea mays L. subsp. parviglumis Iltis & Doebley - TEOSINTE. Citation. Citation. ZEA MAYS Linnaeus, subsp. PARVIGLUMIS Iltis & ... A voucher may be a record of a plants occurrence in a particular area, or a specific example of a plant used in a scientific ... Many perennials may not be mature enough to bloom during its first year. Perennial wildflowers re-grow each season from ... These species may become ranked as Category I, but have not yet demonstrated disruption of natural Florida communities. ...
Zea mays) is a warm-season annual crop grown for its large ears of tasty kernels. Easy to grow, Corn is one of the worlds most ... Zea mays (Corn). Corn, Sweet Corn, Sweetcorn, Popcorn, Baby Corn, Indian Corn, Field Corn, Dent Corn, Flint Corn, Guinea Wheat ... Corn (Zea mays) is a warm-season annual crop grown for its large ears of tasty kernels. Easy to grow, Corn is one of the ... Yellow Corn may be a rich source of beta-carotene, which forms vitamin A and is essential for maintaining good vision and skin. ...
Impact of contrasted bioavailable silicon inputs in a hydroponic system on the development of maize plants (Zea mays L.) ( ... 3Maize plants (Zea mays L. var Delprim) were grown using a hydroponic production system under the same cultivation parameters ... Impact of contrasted bioavailable silicon inputs in a hydroponic system on the development of maize plants (Zea mays L.) ... Impact dune disponibilité contrastée en silicium sur le développement de plants de maïs (Zea mays L.) cultivés en système ...
The Biology of Zea mays (L.) (Maize), and Section 2.6 - Guidelines for the Assessment of Novel Feeds: Plant Sources, of Chapter ... Decision document DD 2013-96: Determination of the safety of Syngenta Canada Inc.s corn (Zea mays L.) event 5307. This page is ... The biology of corn, as described in the CFIA biology document BIO1994-11 - The Biology of Zea mays L. (Maize), indicates that ... The biology of corn, described in the CFIA biology document BIO1994-11 - The Biology of Zea mays L. (Maize), states that ...
Helicoverpa zea eats. Zea mays in cobs/stems. view. Helicoverpa zea eats. Zea mays on cobs. view. ... Helicoverpa zea eats. Zea mays view. Helicoverpa zea eats. Zea mays on whole plant. view. ... Helicoverpa zea eats. Zea mays on cobs. view. ... Helicoverpa zea eats. Zea mays view. Helicoverpa zea eats. Zea ... Helicoverpa zea eats. Zea mays view. ... Zea mays view. Heterogramma circumflexalis eats. Zea mays view ...
Of the five subspecies of Zea mays, only the domesticated subspecies, Z. mays subsp. mays, is widely grown outside of research ... Etymology: Zea comes from the Greek name of a different grain. Mays means our mother. ... Three wild subspecies are treated here, albeit briefly, because of their importance as genetic resources for Z. mays subsp. ...
Climate change impacts on crop yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) and maize (Zea mays) and soil organic carbon stocks in ... Climate change impacts on crop yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) and maize (Zea mays) and soil organic carbon stocks in ... ORCID: 0000-0003-0221-9009 (2022) Climate change impacts on crop yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) and maize (Zea mays ... Zea mays L.) in northern China, using the SPACSYS model. The model was calibrated and validated with datasets from 20-year long ...
zea mays oil. Maisolje er en rik kilde til linolsyre, som er en av to essensielle syrer som er nødvendige for vekst. Ekstrahert ...
Zea Mays Website Ofiziala, Erosi gure diskografia, Atera disko berria ...
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Zea mays L.) com um ciclo de seleção massal estratificada e quatro... ... The present work was carried out aiming to study the open-pollinated maize (Zea may L.) population ESALQ PB-1, in order to ... Estudo da população ESALQ PB-1 de milho (Zea mays L.) em cinco ciclos de seleção recorrente ... Study of maize population (Zea may L.) ESALQ PB-1 in five cycles of recurrent selection ...
Mays americana Baumg.; Mays vulgaris Ser.; Mays zea Gaertner; Zea alba Miller; Zea altissima J. Gmelin ex Steudel; Zea ... ex Vilm.; Zea odontosperma Ten.; Zea oryzoides Golosk.; Zea praecox Steudel; Zea rostrata Bonaf.; Zea saccharata Sturtev.; Zea ... Zea indurata Sturtev.; Zea japonica Van Houtte; Zea macrosperma Klotzsch; Zea minima Voss; Zea minor J. Gmelin ex Steudel; Zea ... Zea everta Sturtev.; Zea gigantea Voss; Zea glumacea Larrañaga; Zea gracillima Voss; Zea hirta Bonaf.; Zea indentata Sturtev.; ...
Ensembl Plants is a genome-centric portal for plant species of scientific interest
POLLENS - GRASSES, CORN, CULTIVATED ZEA MAYS (corn, cultivated zea mays) injection, solution. POLLENS - GRASSES, JOHNSON GRASS ... CORN POLLEN POLLEN (zea mays) injection. COTTON LINTERS injection. NDC Code(s): 49643-003-05, 49643-003-10, 49643-003-30, 49643 ...
Dive into the research topics of Subpopulations of chloroplast ribosomes change during photoregulated development of Zea mays ... Subpopulations of chloroplast ribosomes change during photoregulated development of Zea mays leaves: Ribosomal proteins L2, L21 ... Subpopulations of chloroplast ribosomes change during photoregulated development of Zea mays leaves: Ribosomal proteins L2, L21 ... Subpopulations of chloroplast ribosomes change during photoregulated development of Zea mays leaves : Ribosomal proteins L2, ...
... a thioredoxin specifically expressed in the pedicel parenchyma of Zea mays L., is found predominantly in the placentochalaza ... Abstract: The pedicel of the maize (Zea mays L.) caryopsis is a complex structure consisting of layers of specialized cell- ... a thioredoxin specifically expressed in the pedicel parenchyma of Zea mays L., is found predominantly in the placentochalaza ... a thioredoxin specifically expressed in the pedicel parenchyma of Zea mays L., is found predominantly in the placentochalaza. ...
Zea Mays) Buy Online At Best Price In India. We Have Top Brands of Corn seed/ Maize seed . COD and Door Delivery Available. ... ZEA MAYS)","width":300,"height":300,"src":"\/\/www.bighaat.com\/cdn\/shop\/products\/CORN.png?v=1632581763","variant_ids":[ ... ZEA MAYS)","width":300,"height":300,"src":"\/\/www.bighaat.com\/cdn\/shop\/products\/CORN.png?v=1632581763","variant_ids":[ ... ZEA MAYS)","id":20502351216663,"position":1,"preview_image":{"aspect_ratio":1.0,"height":300,"width":300,"src":"\/\/www.bighaat ...
  • Citations: Genetic Divergence in Maize (Zea mays L. (scialert.net)
  • Factors Affecting the Establishment and Growth of Cover Crops Intersown into Maize (Zea mays L. (mdpi.com)
  • In the North Central USA, intersowing cover crops into standing maize ( Zea mays L.) is required to establish plants large enough to afford the benefits of a cover since there is limited favorable weather for cover crop growth after maize harvest. (mdpi.com)
  • Impact of contrasted bioavailable silicon inputs in a hydroponic system on the development of maize plants (Zea mays L. (ac.be)
  • This study investigates the potential impacts of climate change on crop failure, grain yield and soil organic carbon (SOC) for both winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) in northern China, using the SPACSYS model. (gre.ac.uk)
  • Results suggested that warmer climatic scenarios might be favourable for reducing the crop failure rate and increasing the grain yield for winter wheat, while the same climatic scenarios were unfavourable for maize production in the region. (gre.ac.uk)
  • The present work was carried out aiming to study the open-pollinated maize ( Zea may L.) population ESALQ PB-1, in order to evaluate its genetic properties for yield (ear weight), after being submitted to one cycle of stratified mass selection and four cycIes of half-sib progeny selection (with renmant seeds). (usp.br)
  • The pedicel of the maize (Zea mays L.) caryopsis is a complex structure consisting of layers of specialized cell-types involved with solute transfer into the developing kernel. (mpg.de)
  • Maize ( Zea mays subs. (oecd.org)
  • Fumonisins are common contaminants of maize (Zea mays L.) grain products, especially in countries where maize is a major constituent of the diet and are harmful to human and animal health. (nih.gov)
  • The present study evaluated the morphological and genetic responses of maize (Zea mays L.) seedling to cold shock induced by a one-time exposure to low temperature. (mendeley.com)
  • These changes may affect the characteristics of economic importance or perhaps impact on the physiology of the maize plant eventually. (mendeley.com)
  • galactinol synthase gene in maize (Zea may L. (ac.vn)
  • galactinol synthase gene in maize (Zea may L.). Academia Journal of Biology , 41 (2). (ac.vn)
  • Objective: The aim of this work was to determine the fatty acids content in corn seeds oil (Zea mays) sample cultivated in Ecuador.Methods: Corn oil was obtained from corn oil seeds using the cold pressing method. (researchgate.net)
  • Methyl esters fatty acids analysis were carried out using the gas chromatography (GC) method with a mass selective detector and using the database library NIST 14.L to identify the compounds present in the corn seed oil.Results: Methyl esters fatty acids were identified from corn (Z. mays) seeds using the GC mass spectrometer (GC-MS) analytical method. (researchgate.net)
  • Methyl esters fatty acids wer e identified from corn ( Z. mays ) seeds using the GC mass spectrometer (GC-MS) analytical method. (researchgate.net)
  • In this study, corn ( Zea mays ) plants were cultivated to full maturity in soil amended with either n CeO 2 or n ZnO at 0, 400, and 800 mg/kg. (acs.org)
  • Corn (Zea mays) is a severe allergen. (pollenlibrary.com)
  • Corn (Zea mays) is a warm-season annual crop grown for its large ears of tasty kernels. (gardenia.net)
  • Other types of dried Corn may pop to some degree when heated, but Popcorn is unique in its taste and the most explosive. (gardenia.net)
  • Effect of organic Wastes on growth of corn (Zea Mays L.) Irrigated sewage water treated by phosphate rock. (edu.iq)
  • Effect of high temperature on photosynthesis and transpiration of sweet corn (Zea mays L. var. (umn.edu)
  • Dive into the research topics of 'Effect of high temperature on photosynthesis and transpiration of sweet corn (Zea mays L. var. (umn.edu)
  • These species may become ranked as Category I, but have not yet demonstrated disruption of natural Florida communities. (usf.edu)
  • Plants which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in color, have fewer leaves and a "leggy" stretched-out appearance. (backyardgardener.com)
  • Dans cette étude, nous avons évalué l'impact de trois concentrations en Si disponibles dans une solution nutritive sur le développement de plants de maïs. (ac.be)
  • Nous concluons que, même en maximisant les apports en Si dans le système hydroponique, l'enrichissement n'impacte pas le développement des plants de maïs. (ac.be)
  • PCR and Real-time PCR assay indicated that transgene was integrated in the genome of the regenerated Zea mays plants. (ac.vn)
  • Zea Mays Printmaking is located at 320 Riverside Drive, Florence (Northampton), Massachusetts. (zeamaysprintmaking.com)
  • This exciting exhibit of works on paper has been curated from the Zea Mays Printmaking Flat File. (hopeandfeathersframing.com)
  • About Zea Mays Printmaking: Located in Florence, MA, Zea Mays Printmaking is dedicated to research, practice, and dissemination of safe printmaking. (hopeandfeathersframing.com)
  • Neoplasms of the sebaceous glands may be benign, such as sebaceous hyperplasia or sebaceous gland adenomas. (medscape.com)
  • However, this neoplasm can occur in other sebaceous glands, such as in the caruncle, the glands of Zeis, and in the eyebrow. (medscape.com)
  • Sebaceous tumors of the eyelid may arise from meibomian glands, Zeis glands, or glands associated with the caruncle. (medscape.com)
  • Most hordeola are external and result from obstruction and infection of an eyelash follicle and adjacent glands of Zeis or Moll glands. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Chalazia due to blockage of Zeis glands are usually located along the lid margin. (medscape.com)
  • Zea mays subsp. (usf.edu)
  • Of the five subspecies of Zea mays , only the domesticated subspecies, Z. mays subsp. (asu.edu)
  • Three wild subspecies are treated here, albeit briefly, because of their importance as genetic resources for Z. mays subsp. (asu.edu)
  • Characterization of the Bipolaris maydis: symptoms and pathogenicity in popcorn genotypes (Zea mays L. (bvsalud.org)
  • Results suggest that drift research using constant spray volume may underestimate the yield reduction expected for sensitive crops exposed to glyphosate or glufosinate. (bioone.org)
  • If a shade loving plant is exposed to direct sun, it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged. (backyardgardener.com)
  • A plant used as a source of food for Honey Bees, and may be a flavor of honey such as clover or alfalfa. (pollenlibrary.com)
  • The anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of this plant may in part be mediated through the chemical constituents of the plant and the results of the analgesic action suggest central and peripheral mechanisms. (ac.ke)
  • A particular gene may be photoregulated up in one cell type and down in the other. (northwestern.edu)
  • As noted (see Pathophysiology), a chalazion may arise spontaneously subsequently to the development of an internal or external hordeolum. (medscape.com)
  • Zea comes from the Greek name of a different grain. (asu.edu)
  • For organic fertilizers such as fish emulsion, follow label directions as they may vary per product. (backyardgardener.com)
  • A hordeolum (stye) is an acute, localized swelling of the eyelid that may be external or internal and usually is a pyogenic (typically staphylococcal) infection or abscess. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Blepharitis Blepharitis is inflammation of the eyelid margins that may be acute or chronic. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Sebaceous cell carcinoma may mimic either chalazion or chronic blepharitis. (medscape.com)
  • Depending on its size and location, a chalazion may indent the cornea, resulting in slightly blurred vision. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Inflammation of a tarsal meibomian gland leads to a deep chalazion, whereas inflammation of a Zeis gland leads to a superficial chalazion. (medscape.com)
  • on occasion, a chalazion may enlarge and break through the tarsal plate to the external portion of the lid. (medscape.com)
  • The acute inflammation of a hordeolum may eventually lead to a chronic painless chalazion, while a chalazion can also become acutely infected. (medscape.com)
  • Recurrent chalazion, particularly in elderly patients, should prompt the practitioner to consider conditions that may masquerade as a chalazion (eg, sebaceous carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, microcystic adnexal carcinoma, tuberculosis). (medscape.com)
  • Inflammation may be severe, sometimes with fever or chills. (msdmanuals.com)
  • 2012). Screening of antioxidant properties of Zea mays Leaves at different time periods of growth J. Pharm. (ac.ke)
  • Both conditions improve spontaneously, but incision or, for chalazia, intralesional corticosteroids may be used to hasten resolution. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Chalazia are uncommon at the extremes of age, but pediatric cases may be encountered. (medscape.com)
  • mays , is widely grown outside of research programs. (asu.edu)
  • The intraepithelial spread may lead to the erroneous histologic diagnosis of epithelial dysplasia or carcinoma in situ. (medscape.com)
  • The annual Zea mays has a number of medical properties so in theory hybrids could too. (pfaf.org)
  • Influence of methanolic extract of Zea mays leaves against CCL4 and H2O2 induced oxidative stress in Drosophila melanogaster. (ac.ke)
  • To evaluate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of Zea mays ethanol root root extract in mice. (ac.ke)
  • Although sebaceous cell carcinomas are more common in elderly patients, they may be seen in younger patients with a history of radiation to the face. (medscape.com)
  • Sebaceous cell carcinomas may grow in nests with central necrosis. (medscape.com)
  • 2013). Anticancer activity of Zea mays leaf extracts on oxidative stress-induced Hep2 Cells. (ac.ke)
  • however, during the first 2 days, they may be clinically indistinguishable. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Our data provided a landscape of the transcriptome and DNA methylome and revealed a candidate network that regulates flowering time in pineapple, which may promote further studies. (nature.com)
  • For articles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused without permission provided that the original article is clearly cited. (mdpi.com)