AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth Care
BiofuelsBioelectric Energy SourcesFossil FuelsFuel OilsJatrophaEnergy-Generating ResourcesMicroalgaeBiomassPanicumSaccharumCrops, AgriculturalConservation of Energy Resources1-ButanolWoodButanolsMetabolic EngineeringCysticercosisCellulasesClostridium acetobutylicumBiotechnologyRenewable EnergyIndustrial MicrobiologyGasolineStramenopilesCelluloseClostridium beijerinckiiHeatingThermoanaerobacterUnited States Government AgenciesAir Pollution, IndoorMetabolic Networks and PathwaysKeroseneEnoyl-(Acyl-Carrier Protein) Reductase (NADPH, B-Specific)Setaria PlantCellobioseFermentationGenetic EngineeringCookingCarbon FootprintBioengineeringEthanolAgriculturePentanolsScenedesmusElectrodesSynthetic BiologyCellulasePoaceaeGreenhouse EffectHydrocarbonsSorghumMillettiaGlucose OxidaseCarbohydrate MetabolismBrachypodiumDextrinsChlorophytaXylansClostridium thermocellumGanodermaSmokePlant OilsCarbonEnzymes, ImmobilizedXylosePetroleumFungiElectricityCoalTrichodermaConservation of Natural ResourcesActinobacteriaAir MicrobiologyBacteriaHydrogenPhotosynthesisBiosensing TechniquesGlucoseAir Pollutants, OccupationalAerosolsElectric Power SuppliesFiresFatty AcidsPhylogenyEnergy MetabolismOxidation-ReductionSoilZea maysEcosystemTranscriptomeGenes, PlantLipid MetabolismPlant StemsSequence Analysis, DNAPlants, Genetically ModifiedPlant ProteinsVehicle EmissionsGenomicsSolar EnergyHydrolysisGenome, PlantGlycoside HydrolasesCell WallGenome, BacterialCharcoalTemperatureGas, NaturalOccupational ExposureGene Expression Regulation, PlantPower PlantsBird DiseasesMolecular Sequence DataHousehold ArticlesAir PollutantsSeedsEscherichia coliEnzyme StabilityRadioactive WasteGrowth DisordersRefuse DisposalAviationKetone BodiesShiveringPropaneGeobacterModels, BiologicalHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationParticulate MatterSpecies SpecificityBacterial ProteinsSubstrate SpecificityAircraftLactic AcidWaste ProductsIncinerationEnvironmental Monitoring
Biofuels: Hydrocarbon-rich byproducts from the non-fossilized BIOMASS that are combusted to generate energy as opposed to fossilized hydrocarbon deposits (FOSSIL FUELS).Bioelectric Energy Sources: Electric power supply devices which convert biological energy, such as chemical energy of metabolism or mechanical energy of periodic movements, into electrical energy.Fossil Fuels: Any combustible hydrocarbon deposit formed from the remains of prehistoric organisms. Examples are petroleum, coal, and natural gas.Fuel Oils: Complex petroleum hydrocarbons consisting mainly of residues from crude oil distillation. These liquid products include heating oils, stove oils, and furnace oils and are burned to generate energy.Jatropha: A plant genus of the family EUPHORBIACEAE. Members contain jatrophone and other diterpenes.Energy-Generating Resources: Materials or phenomena which can provide energy directly or via conversion.Microalgae: A non-taxonomic term for unicellular microscopic algae which are found in both freshwater and marine environments. Some authors consider DIATOMS; CYANOBACTERIA; HAPTOPHYTA; and DINOFLAGELLATES as part of microalgae, even though they are not algae.Biomass: Total mass of all the organisms of a given type and/or in a given area. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990) It includes the yield of vegetative mass produced from any given crop.Panicum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE. The seed is one of the EDIBLE GRAINS used in millet cereals and in feed for birds and livestock (ANIMAL FEED). It contains diosgenin (SAPONINS).Saccharum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE widely cultivated in the tropics for the sweet cane that is processed into sugar.Crops, Agricultural: Cultivated plants or agricultural produce such as grain, vegetables, or fruit. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 1982)Conservation of Energy Resources: Planned management, use, and preservation of energy resources.1-Butanol: A four carbon linear hydrocarbon that has a hydroxy group at position 1.Wood: A product of hard secondary xylem composed of CELLULOSE, hemicellulose, and LIGNANS, that is under the bark of trees and shrubs. It is used in construction and as a source of CHARCOAL and many other products.Butanols: Isomeric forms and derivatives of butanol (C4H9OH).Metabolic Engineering: Methods and techniques used to genetically modify cells' biosynthetic product output and develop conditions for growing the cells as BIOREACTORS.Cysticercosis: Infection with CYSTICERCUS, the larval form of the various tapeworms of the genus Taenia (usually T. solium in man). In humans they penetrate the intestinal wall and invade subcutaneous tissue, brain, eye, muscle, heart, liver, lung, and peritoneum. Brain involvement results in NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS.Cellulases: A family of glycosidases that hydrolyse crystalline CELLULOSE into soluble sugar molecules. Within this family there are a variety of enzyme subtypes with differing substrate specificities that must work together to bring about complete cellulose hydrolysis. They are found in structures called CELLULOSOMES.Clostridium acetobutylicum: A species of gram-positive bacteria in the family Clostridiaceae, used for the industrial production of SOLVENTS.Biotechnology: Body of knowledge related to the use of organisms, cells or cell-derived constituents for the purpose of developing products which are technically, scientifically and clinically useful. Alteration of biologic function at the molecular level (i.e., GENETIC ENGINEERING) is a central focus; laboratory methods used include TRANSFECTION and CLONING technologies, sequence and structure analysis algorithms, computer databases, and gene and protein structure function analysis and prediction.Renewable Energy: Forms of energy that are constantly and rapidly renewed by natural processes such as solar, ocean wave, and wind energy. (from McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)Industrial Microbiology: The study, utilization, and manipulation of those microorganisms capable of economically producing desirable substances or changes in substances, and the control of undesirable microorganisms.Gasoline: Volative flammable fuel (liquid hydrocarbons) derived from crude petroleum by processes such as distillation reforming, polymerization, etc.Stramenopiles: A common name (but used formally) for a group of organisms that are mostly kinds of algae including BACILLARIOPHYTA; OOMYCETES; PHAEOPHYCEAE; and CHRYSOPHYCEAE. They all contain CHLOROPLASTS that are thought to have been derived from the endosymbiosis of ancient RED ALGAE.Cellulose: A polysaccharide with glucose units linked as in CELLOBIOSE. It is the chief constituent of plant fibers, cotton being the purest natural form of the substance. As a raw material, it forms the basis for many derivatives used in chromatography, ion exchange materials, explosives manufacturing, and pharmaceutical preparations.Clostridium beijerinckii: A species of gram-positive bacteria in the family Clostridiaceae, capable of solventogenesis, and isolated from SOIL, infected WOUNDS, fermenting OLIVES, and spoiled CANDY.Heating: The application of heat to raise the temperature of the environment, ambient or local, or the systems for accomplishing this effect. It is distinguished from HEAT, the physical property and principle of physics.Thermoanaerobacter: A genus of gram-positive, anaerobic bacteria in the family Thermoanaerobacteriaceae. Cultures consist of rods interspersed with coccoid cells.United States Government Agencies: Agencies of the FEDERAL GOVERNMENT of the United States.Air Pollution, Indoor: The contamination of indoor air.Metabolic Networks and Pathways: Complex sets of enzymatic reactions connected to each other via their product and substrate metabolites.Kerosene: A refined petroleum fraction used as a fuel as well as a solvent.Enoyl-(Acyl-Carrier Protein) Reductase (NADPH, B-Specific): An enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] to trans-2,3-dehydroacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] in the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway. It has a preference for acyl derivatives with carbon chain length from 4 to 16.Setaria Plant: A plant genus of the family POACEAE. The small pointed seeds are grown for hay in North America and western Europe and important as food in China and other Asian countries.Cellobiose: A disaccharide consisting of two glucose units in beta (1-4) glycosidic linkage. Obtained from the partial hydrolysis of cellulose.Fermentation: Anaerobic degradation of GLUCOSE or other organic nutrients to gain energy in the form of ATP. End products vary depending on organisms, substrates, and enzymatic pathways. Common fermentation products include ETHANOL and LACTIC ACID.Genetic Engineering: Directed modification of the gene complement of a living organism by such techniques as altering the DNA, substituting genetic material by means of a virus, transplanting whole nuclei, transplanting cell hybrids, etc.Cooking: The art or practice of preparing food. It includes the preparation of special foods for diets in various diseases.Carbon Footprint: A measure of the total greenhouse gas emissions produced by an individual, organization, event, or product. It is measured in units of equivalent kilograms of CARBON DIOXIDE generated in a given time frame.Bioengineering: The application of engineering principles and methods to living organisms or biological systems.Ethanol: A clear, colorless liquid rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. It has bactericidal activity and is used often as a topical disinfectant. It is widely used as a solvent and preservative in pharmaceutical preparations as well as serving as the primary ingredient in ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES.Agriculture: The science, art or practice of cultivating soil, producing crops, and raising livestock.Pentanols: Isomeric forms and derivatives of pentanol (C5H11OH).Scenedesmus: A genus of GREEN ALGAE in the family Scenedesmaceae. It forms colonies of usually four or eight cylindrical cells that are widely distributed in freshwater and SOIL.Electrodes: Electric conductors through which electric currents enter or leave a medium, whether it be an electrolytic solution, solid, molten mass, gas, or vacuum.Synthetic Biology: A field of biological research combining engineering in the formulation, design, and building (synthesis) of novel biological structures, functions, and systems.Cellulase: An endocellulase with specificity for the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-glucosidic linkages in CELLULOSE, lichenin, and cereal beta-glucans.Poaceae: A large family of narrow-leaved herbaceous grasses of the order Cyperales, subclass Commelinidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons). Food grains (EDIBLE GRAIN) come from members of this family. RHINITIS, ALLERGIC, SEASONAL can be induced by POLLEN of many of the grasses.Greenhouse Effect: The effect of GLOBAL WARMING and the resulting increase in world temperatures. The predicted health effects of such long-term climatic change include increased incidence of respiratory, water-borne, and vector-borne diseases.HydrocarbonsSorghum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE. The grain is used for FOOD and for ANIMAL FEED. This should not be confused with KAFFIR LIME or with KEFIR milk product.Millettia: A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. Members contain ISOFLAVONES, some of which show molluscicidal and schistosomicidal activity. Some species of Pongamia have been reclassified to this genus and some to DERRIS.Glucose Oxidase: An enzyme of the oxidoreductase class that catalyzes the conversion of beta-D-glucose and oxygen to D-glucono-1,5-lactone and peroxide. It is a flavoprotein, highly specific for beta-D-glucose. The enzyme is produced by Penicillium notatum and other fungi and has antibacterial activity in the presence of glucose and oxygen. It is used to estimate glucose concentration in blood or urine samples through the formation of colored dyes by the hydrogen peroxide produced in the reaction. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 1.1.3.4.Carbohydrate Metabolism: Cellular processes in biosynthesis (anabolism) and degradation (catabolism) of CARBOHYDRATES.Brachypodium: A plant genus in the family POACEAE. Brachypodium distachyon is a model species for functional genomics studies.DextrinsChlorophyta: A phylum of photosynthetic EUKARYOTA bearing double membrane-bound plastids containing chlorophyll a and b. They comprise the classical green algae, and represent over 7000 species that live in a variety of primarily aquatic habitats. Only about ten percent are marine species, most live in freshwater.Xylans: Polysaccharides consisting of xylose units.Clostridium thermocellum: A species of gram-positive, thermophilic, cellulolytic bacteria in the family Clostridaceae. It degrades and ferments CELLOBIOSE and CELLULOSE to ETHANOL in the CELLULOSOME.Ganoderma: A genus of fungi in the family Ganodermataceae, order POLYPORALES, containing a dimitic hyphal system. It causes a white rot, and is a wood decomposer. Ganoderma lucidum (REISHI) is used in traditional Chinese medicine (MEDICINE, CHINESE TRADITIONAL).SmokePlant Oils: Oils derived from plants or plant products.Carbon: A nonmetallic element with atomic symbol C, atomic number 6, and atomic weight [12.0096; 12.0116]. It may occur as several different allotropes including DIAMOND; CHARCOAL; and GRAPHITE; and as SOOT from incompletely burned fuel.Enzymes, Immobilized: Enzymes which are immobilized on or in a variety of water-soluble or water-insoluble matrices with little or no loss of their catalytic activity. Since they can be reused continuously, immobilized enzymes have found wide application in the industrial, medical and research fields.XylosePetroleum: Naturally occurring complex liquid hydrocarbons which, after distillation, yield combustible fuels, petrochemicals, and lubricants.Fungi: A kingdom of eukaryotic, heterotrophic organisms that live parasitically as saprobes, including MUSHROOMS; YEASTS; smuts, molds, etc. They reproduce either sexually or asexually, and have life cycles that range from simple to complex. Filamentous fungi, commonly known as molds, refer to those that grow as multicellular colonies.Electricity: The physical effects involving the presence of electric charges at rest and in motion.Coal: A natural fuel formed by partial decomposition of vegetable matter under certain environmental conditions.Trichoderma: A mitosporic fungal genus frequently found in soil and on wood. It is sometimes used for controlling pathogenic fungi. Its teleomorph is HYPOCREA.Conservation of Natural Resources: The protection, preservation, restoration, and rational use of all resources in the total environment.Actinobacteria: Class of BACTERIA with diverse morphological properties. Strains of Actinobacteria show greater than 80% 16S rDNA/rRNA sequence similarity among each other and also the presence of certain signature nucleotides. (Stackebrandt E. et al, Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. (1997) 47:479-491)Air Microbiology: The presence of bacteria, viruses, and fungi in the air. This term is not restricted to pathogenic organisms.Bacteria: One of the three domains of life (the others being Eukarya and ARCHAEA), also called Eubacteria. They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. Bacteria can be classified by their response to OXYGEN: aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic; by the mode by which they obtain their energy: chemotrophy (via chemical reaction) or PHOTOTROPHY (via light reaction); for chemotrophs by their source of chemical energy: CHEMOLITHOTROPHY (from inorganic compounds) or chemoorganotrophy (from organic compounds); and by their source for CARBON; NITROGEN; etc.; HETEROTROPHY (from organic sources) or AUTOTROPHY (from CARBON DIOXIDE). They can also be classified by whether or not they stain (based on the structure of their CELL WALLS) with CRYSTAL VIOLET dye: gram-negative or gram-positive.Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table. It has the atomic symbol H, atomic number 1, and atomic weight [1.00784; 1.00811]. It exists, under normal conditions, as a colorless, odorless, tasteless, diatomic gas. Hydrogen ions are PROTONS. Besides the common H1 isotope, hydrogen exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM and the unstable, radioactive isotope TRITIUM.Photosynthesis: The synthesis by organisms of organic chemical compounds, especially carbohydrates, from carbon dioxide using energy obtained from light rather than from the oxidation of chemical compounds. Photosynthesis comprises two separate processes: the light reactions and the dark reactions. In higher plants; GREEN ALGAE; and CYANOBACTERIA; NADPH and ATP formed by the light reactions drive the dark reactions which result in the fixation of carbon dioxide. (from Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2001)Biosensing Techniques: Any of a variety of procedures which use biomolecular probes to measure the presence or concentration of biological molecules, biological structures, microorganisms, etc., by translating a biochemical interaction at the probe surface into a quantifiable physical signal.Glucose: A primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement.Air Pollutants, Occupational: Air pollutants found in the work area. They are usually produced by the specific nature of the occupation.Aerosols: Colloids with a gaseous dispersing phase and either liquid (fog) or solid (smoke) dispersed phase; used in fumigation or in inhalation therapy; may contain propellant agents.Electric Power Supplies: Devices that control the supply of electric current for running electrical equipment.FiresFatty Acids: Organic, monobasic acids derived from hydrocarbons by the equivalent of oxidation of a methyl group to an alcohol, aldehyde, and then acid. Fatty acids are saturated and unsaturated (FATTY ACIDS, UNSATURATED). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)Phylogeny: The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.Energy Metabolism: The chemical reactions involved in the production and utilization of various forms of energy in cells.Oxidation-Reduction: A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471).Soil: The unconsolidated mineral or organic matter on the surface of the earth that serves as a natural medium for the growth of land plants.Zea mays: A plant species of the family POACEAE. It is a tall grass grown for its EDIBLE GRAIN, corn, used as food and animal FODDER.Ecosystem: A functional system which includes the organisms of a natural community together with their environment. (McGraw Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Transcriptome: The pattern of GENE EXPRESSION at the level of genetic transcription in a specific organism or under specific circumstances in specific cells.Genes, Plant: The functional hereditary units of PLANTS.Lipid Metabolism: Physiological processes in biosynthesis (anabolism) and degradation (catabolism) of LIPIDS.Plant Stems: Parts of plants that usually grow vertically upwards towards the light and support the leaves, buds, and reproductive structures. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)Sequence Analysis, DNA: A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.Plants, Genetically Modified: PLANTS, or their progeny, whose GENOME has been altered by GENETIC ENGINEERING.Plant Proteins: Proteins found in plants (flowers, herbs, shrubs, trees, etc.). The concept does not include proteins found in vegetables for which VEGETABLE PROTEINS is available.Vehicle Emissions: Gases, fumes, vapors, and odors escaping from the cylinders of a gasoline or diesel internal-combustion engine. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed & Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)Genomics: The systematic study of the complete DNA sequences (GENOME) of organisms.Solar Energy: Energy transmitted from the sun in the form of electromagnetic radiation.Hydrolysis: The process of cleaving a chemical compound by the addition of a molecule of water.Genome, Plant: The genetic complement of a plant (PLANTS) as represented in its DNA.Glycoside HydrolasesCell Wall: The outermost layer of a cell in most PLANTS; BACTERIA; FUNGI; and ALGAE. The cell wall is usually a rigid structure that lies external to the CELL MEMBRANE, and provides a protective barrier against physical or chemical agents.Genome, Bacterial: The genetic complement of a BACTERIA as represented in its DNA.Charcoal: An amorphous form of carbon prepared from the incomplete combustion of animal or vegetable matter, e.g., wood. The activated form of charcoal is used in the treatment of poisoning. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)Temperature: The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.Gas, Natural: A combustible, gaseous mixture of low-molecular weight PARAFFIN hydrocarbons, generated below the surface of the earth. It contains mostly METHANE and ETHANE with small amounts of PROPANE; BUTANES; and higher hydrocarbons, and sometimes NITROGEN; CARBON DIOXIDE; HYDROGEN SULFIDE; and HELIUM. (from McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)Occupational Exposure: The exposure to potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biological agents that occurs as a result of one's occupation.Gene Expression Regulation, Plant: Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in plants.Power Plants: Units that convert some other form of energy into electrical energy.Bird Diseases: Diseases of birds not considered poultry, therefore usually found in zoos, parks, and the wild. The concept is differentiated from POULTRY DISEASES which is for birds raised as a source of meat or eggs for human consumption, and usually found in barnyards, hatcheries, etc.Molecular Sequence Data: Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.Household Articles: Various material objects and items in the home. It includes temporary or permanent machinery and appliances. It does not include furniture or interior furnishings (FURNITURE see INTERIOR DESIGN AND FURNISHINGS; INTERIOR FURNISHINGS see INTERIOR DESIGN AND FURNISHINGS).Air Pollutants: Any substance in the air which could, if present in high enough concentration, harm humans, animals, vegetation or material. Substances include GASES; PARTICULATE MATTER; and volatile ORGANIC CHEMICALS.Seeds: The encapsulated embryos of flowering plants. They are used as is or for animal feed because of the high content of concentrated nutrients like starches, proteins, and fats. Rapeseed, cottonseed, and sunflower seed are also produced for the oils (fats) they yield.Escherichia coli: A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.Enzyme Stability: The extent to which an enzyme retains its structural conformation or its activity when subjected to storage, isolation, and purification or various other physical or chemical manipulations, including proteolytic enzymes and heat.Radioactive Waste: Liquid, solid, or gaseous waste resulting from mining of radioactive ore, production of reactor fuel materials, reactor operation, processing of irradiated reactor fuels, and related operations, and from use of radioactive materials in research, industry, and medicine. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Growth Disorders: Deviations from the average values for a specific age and sex in any or all of the following: height, weight, skeletal proportions, osseous development, or maturation of features. Included here are both acceleration and retardation of growth.Refuse Disposal: The discarding or destroying of garbage, sewage, or other waste matter or its transformation into something useful or innocuous.Aviation: Design, development, manufacture, and operation of heavier-than-air AIRCRAFT.Ketone Bodies: The metabolic substances ACETONE; 3-HYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID; and acetoacetic acid (ACETOACETATES). They are produced in the liver and kidney during FATTY ACIDS oxidation and used as a source of energy by the heart, muscle and brain.Shivering: Involuntary contraction or twitching of the muscles. It is a physiologic method of heat production in man and other mammals.PropaneGeobacter: A genus of gram-negative, anaerobic, metal-reducing bacteria in the family Geobacteraceae. They have the ability to oxidize a variety of organic compounds, including AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS.Models, Biological: Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.Hydrogen-Ion Concentration: The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)Particulate Matter: Particles of any solid substance, generally under 30 microns in size, often noted as PM30. There is special concern with PM1 which can get down to PULMONARY ALVEOLI and induce MACROPHAGE ACTIVATION and PHAGOCYTOSIS leading to FOREIGN BODY REACTION and LUNG DISEASES.Species Specificity: The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.Bacterial Proteins: Proteins found in any species of bacterium.Substrate Specificity: A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.Aircraft: A weight-carrying structure for navigation of the air that is supported either by its own buoyancy or by the dynamic action of the air against its surfaces. (Webster, 1973)Lactic Acid: A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed)Waste Products: Debris resulting from a process that is of no further use to the system producing it. The concept includes materials discharged from or stored in a system in inert form as a by-product of vital activities. (From Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary, 1981)Incineration: High temperature destruction of waste by burning with subsequent reduction to ashes or conversion to an inert mass.Environmental Monitoring: The monitoring of the level of toxins, chemical pollutants, microbial contaminants, or other harmful substances in the environment (soil, air, and water), workplace, or in the bodies of people and animals present in that environment.
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth Care
BiofuelsBioelectric Energy SourcesFossil FuelsFuel OilsJatrophaEnergy-Generating ResourcesMicroalgaeBiomassPanicumSaccharumCrops, AgriculturalConservation of Energy Resources1-ButanolWoodButanolsMetabolic EngineeringCysticercosisCellulasesClostridium acetobutylicumBiotechnologyRenewable EnergyIndustrial MicrobiologyGasolineStramenopilesCelluloseClostridium beijerinckiiHeatingThermoanaerobacterUnited States Government AgenciesAir Pollution, IndoorMetabolic Networks and PathwaysKeroseneEnoyl-(Acyl-Carrier Protein) Reductase (NADPH, B-Specific)Setaria PlantCellobioseFermentationGenetic EngineeringCookingCarbon FootprintBioengineeringEthanolAgriculturePentanolsScenedesmusElectrodesSynthetic BiologyCellulasePoaceaeGreenhouse EffectHydrocarbonsSorghumMillettiaGlucose OxidaseCarbohydrate MetabolismBrachypodiumDextrinsChlorophytaXylansClostridium thermocellumGanodermaSmokePlant OilsCarbonEnzymes, ImmobilizedXylosePetroleumFungiElectricityCoalTrichodermaConservation of Natural ResourcesActinobacteriaAir MicrobiologyBacteriaHydrogenPhotosynthesisBiosensing TechniquesGlucoseAir Pollutants, OccupationalAerosolsElectric Power SuppliesFiresFatty AcidsPhylogenyEnergy MetabolismOxidation-ReductionSoilZea maysEcosystemTranscriptomeGenes, PlantLipid MetabolismPlant StemsSequence Analysis, DNAPlants, Genetically ModifiedPlant ProteinsVehicle EmissionsGenomicsSolar EnergyHydrolysisGenome, PlantGlycoside HydrolasesCell WallGenome, BacterialCharcoalTemperatureGas, NaturalOccupational ExposureGene Expression Regulation, PlantPower PlantsBird DiseasesMolecular Sequence DataHousehold ArticlesAir PollutantsSeedsEscherichia coliEnzyme StabilityRadioactive WasteGrowth DisordersRefuse DisposalAviationKetone BodiesShiveringPropaneGeobacterModels, BiologicalHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationParticulate MatterSpecies SpecificityBacterial ProteinsSubstrate SpecificityAircraftLactic AcidWaste ProductsIncinerationEnvironmental Monitoring
List of vegetable oilsList of vegetable oils
"Bio fuels". Castoroil.in. Retrieved 2011-11-19. Lee, Sunggyu; Shah, Y.T. (2012). Biofuels and Bioenergy: Processes and ... Jatropha oil, widely used in India as a fuel oil. Has attracted strong proponents for use as a biofuel. Jojoba oil, from the ... Other oils are used only as biofuel. Although diesel engines were invented, in part, with vegetable oil in mind, diesel fuel is ... Vegetable oils are evaluated for use as a biofuel based on: Suitability as a fuel, based on flash point, energy content, ...
Agriculture in the United KingdomAgriculture in the United Kingdom
Unfortunately biofuels are quite bulky for their energy yield, which means processing into fuel needs to happen near where the ... Each sow produces an average of 24 piglets a year and will be pregnant or lactating for 340 days a year. This intensive ... The Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation ("RTFO") obliges fuel suppliers to see that a certain proportion of the fuel they sell ... Biofuels present new opportunities for farmers against a background of rising fears about fossil fuel prices, energy security, ...
FlottwegFlottweg
Fuel & Metallurgical Journals, Limited. 1996. p. 26. Sunggyu Lee; Y.T. Shah (30 August 2012). Biofuels and Bioenergy: Processes ... In the same year, Flottweg opened new sales and service offices in France and Russia, and in the next few years sales and ... In the same year, Flottweg began to develop and produce disc stack machines at Vilsbiburg. In 2007, Flottweg Separation ... and in the processing of biofuels. Flottweg also produces separators (disc stack centrifuges), which are used in the food and ...
Surrey, British ColumbiaSurrey, British Columbia
"North America's first bio-fuel facility opens in Surrey". Global News Radio.. ... Year Record high °C (°F) 15.5. (59.9) 19.4. (66.9) 25.0. (77.0) 29.0. (84.2) 34.5. (94.1) 33.3. (91.9) 35.0. (95.0) 34.5. (94.1 ... Every year on April 13, the Sikh community celebrates Vaisakhi, which often includes a nagar kirtan, or parade, and free food ... Every year, in early June, teams of four meet at Nicomekl Park in Langley, British Columbia to begin the race. Unlike most ...
Aftermath (2010 TV series)Aftermath (2010 TV series)
Algae is used as a bio-fuel. Trucks deliver supplies to hospitals. Forty years after oil, skies are much clearer and cleaner as ... One year after oil, emergency vehicles start to be run either by lithium battery or biofuel. The price of lithium then shoots ... Governments start to wonder if they should plant crops for food or fuel. They later abandon biofuel planting altogether. ... It will happen within a timescale between twenty years to a century, but what if all the oil ran out today? In the first few ...
Motor vehicleMotor vehicle
"Abstract: Use of Bio-fuels in Brazil" (PDF). United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Retrieved 2009-10-24. Luiz ... The motor vehicle fleet grew 14.5% since 2006, for an annual rate of 2.7% during this five-year period. The following table ... The stock of alternative fuel vehicles in the United States includes almost 10 million E85 flexible-fuel vehicles, the world's ... of all alternative fuels consumed by alternative transportation fuel vehicles in the U.S. in 2009. In the US a motor vehicle is ...
Paul J. CrutzenPaul J. Crutzen
... emissions in the production of biofuels means that they contribute more to global warming than the fossil fuels they replace. ... Crutzen's childhood began just a few years before the start of World War II. In September 1940, the same year Germany invaded ... "N2O release from agro-biofuel production negates global warming reduction by replacing fossil fuels". Atmos. Chem. Phys. 8: 389 ... whom he would marry a few years later in February 1958. In December of the same year, the couple had a daughter by the name of ...
Timeline of the far futureTimeline of the far future
Patzek, Tad W. (2008). "Can the Earth Deliver the Biomass-for-Fuel we Demand?". In Pimentel, David. Biofuels, Solar and Wind as ... "Spent Nuclear Fuel: A Trash Heap Deadly for 250,000 Years or a Renewable Energy Source?". Scientific American. Ongena, J; G. ... to 1020 years from now) Graphical timeline from Big Bang to Heat Death (to 101000 years from now) Chronology of the Universe ... Although listed in years for convenience, the numbers beyond this point are so vast that their digits would remain unchanged ...
Mitigation of aviations environmental impactMitigation of aviation's environmental impact
If the Single European Sky had been created 15 years ago, 12 million tons of CO2 could have been saved. Biofuels are fuels ... In the Continental Airlines test, the engine running partly on biofuel burned 46 kg less fuel than the conventionally fuelled ... Over the last 40 years, commercial jet airliners have become 70% more fuel efficient and are predicted to be another 25% more ... traditional jet fuel. Other airlines to demonstrate biofuels include Air New Zealand and Japan Airlines. ...
Biodiesel by regionBiodiesel by region
Biodiesel is available at some fuel stations.[citation needed] According to EU Strategy for Biofuels at year 2010 target is ... After 7 years of being the only biodiesel producer in Cambodia, Naga Biofuels changed their name to Naga Earth and started ... Natural Fuel Pte Ltd, has mechanically completed a 600,000 tons/year biodiesel plant in early 2008 - making it one of the ... It is capable of producing 12,000 m³ (3.2 million US gallons) per year of biodiesel fuel. Feedstocks can be a variety of ...
U.S. SugarU.S. Sugar
In essence, each year's cane crop provides power for both the sugar factory and U.S. Sugar's refinery operations.[7] U.S. ... Every ton of bagasse powers the equivalent of 50 gallons of fuel oil. A boilerproduces steam during the milling process by ... Bagasse is a clean, fibrous biofuel that results from the sugarcane extraction process. ... Under the proposals, the company would continue to farm the land for the next six years and convert the land back to its ...
Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in AgricultureComprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture
Economic growth fuels changes in diets; for example, per capita meat demand in China has quadrupled over the last 30 years, and ... Growing cities, expanding industry and biofuels are increasingly competing with agriculture for water. The conclusion made by ... The report's authors forecast that the need for water would double within 50 years, due to global population rise, more people ... 18 September 2006 Need for Water Could Double in 50 Years, U.N. Study Finds, New York Times, August 22, 2006 Water Management: ...
Yeo Valley (company)Yeo Valley (company)
Yeo Valley's headquarters are powered by the bio-fuel. Yeo Valley is the largest organic business in the UK producing over ... "It's brilliant stuff and regrows every year, absorbing lots of CO2 as it grows." During the winter months, ...
Jatropha biodiesel in IndiaJatropha biodiesel in India
D1 Williamson Magor Bio Fuel Limited was a joint venture company between D1 Oils plc, UK and Williamson Magor group. This ... Since the year 2002, the Company is active in Biodiesel and Jatropha curcas-based Research and Development activities headed by ... However, in recent times the bio-fuel policy has come under critical review, on the way it has been promoted. Large plots of ... "Chhattisgarh Bio-fuel Development Authority". Archived from the original on 19 February 2007. Retrieved 26 March 2007. Barta, ...
Alholmens Kraft Power StationAlholmens Kraft Power Station
... as the main fuel. Peat is also used while coal is a reserve fuel. It burns about 300,000 bales of forest residues per year. The ... The world's largest biofuel CHP plant. Alholmens Kraft, Pietarsaari (PDF) (Report). OPET. Retrieved 2012-02-26. European ... "Alholmens Kraft Biofuel-fired Power Plant, Pietarsaari, Finland". Pöyry. Retrieved 2012-02-26. Sabonnadière, Jean-Claude (2009 ... The new power station uses wood-based biofuels (forest residues) ...
Sustainable energySustainable energy
Ethanol biofuelsEdit. Main article: Ethanol fuel. As the primary source of biofuel in North America, many organizations are ... As a result of this, together with the exploitation of domestic deep water oil sources, Brazil, which years ago had to import a ... "Biofuels Digest. Retrieved 2012-03-08.. *^ Biofuels Magazine (2011-04-11). "Energy Farming Methods Mature, Improve". Biofuels ... Bio-fuels may be defined as "renewable," yet may not be "sustainable," due to soil degradation. As of 2012, 40% of American ...
RentechRentech
to convert 1.3 million tons of provincial forests into jet fuel and naphtha. At the same year it purchased the 55 MW biomass ... made a memorandum of understanding with 14 airlines pto provide alternative jet fuel and diesel fuel from its planned biofuels ... In 1991, it incensed its Rentech Process to the Fuel Resources Development Company (Fuelco) to produce diesel fuel from ... At the same year Rentech Nitrogen was listed at the New York Stock Exchange. In 2012, Rentech acquired Agrifos LLC, which owns ...
RhizofiltrationRhizofiltration
After harvesting, the crop may be converted to biofuel briquette, a substitute for fossil fuel. This treatment method has its ... The most commonly used are willows and poplars, which can grow 6 - 8' per year and have a high flood tolerance. For deep ... Most importantly, it can take years to reach regulatory levels. This results in long-term maintenance. Also, most contaminated ...
Health effects of the sugarcane industry on MauiHealth effects of the sugarcane industry on Maui
First, the stalks grow for about two years, or until they reach a mature height around eight feet. The fields must be kept well ... Remaining fiber from the stalks, referred to as bagasse, can be used as biofuel or livestock feed. At the HC&S mill, bagasse is ... burned to produce energy that fuels the factory's boilers and other processing equipment. Finally, the sugarcane syrup is ... In a study that spanned over three years, the researchers took coral samples during both the warmer summer months and rainy ...
Energy VictoryEnergy Victory
While this may be a longer-term solution, a switch to biofuel can be achieved in a few years (as in the case of Brazil). ... Zubrin argues that a mandate that all new cars sold in the United States be flex-fueled (FFV, for Flex-Fuel Vehicle, able to ... A switch to biofuel would have the additional benefit that it is potentially a carbon-neutral fuel. Ethanol is produced ... Zubrin argues that biofuels should be subsidized in order to keep their price advantage over gasoline, as it is the only way to ...
Växjö MunicipalityVäxjö Municipality
Thus, the heating plant became the first in Sweden to be fueled with biofuels in this way. In the coming decades, the project ... In 1996, Växjö Municipality decided that it would be completely free from fossil fuels, to be achieved by year 2030. Between ... In recent years, Växjö has invested a lot in high-rise wood buildings. Today Växjö is one of the cities where you find most ... Twenty years later, the same was done with Växjösjön and Södra Bergundasjön. This was done since the lakes suffered from ...
Bio-beanBio-bean
... 's products are second-generation biofuels. Pellet fuels, namely biomass pellets, from waste coffee grounds are burned ... In 2015, Arthur Kay became the youngest ever Guardian Sustainable Business Leader of the Year. In 2016, bio-bean won the Virgin ... "Coffee power: Get up and go with a new kind of biofuel - Business Reporter". Business Reporter. 2016-07-19. Retrieved 2017-03- ... "Waste coffee grounds set to fuel London with biodiesel and biomass pellets". the Guardian. Retrieved 2015-07-30. "Wake up and ...
Energy in GermanyEnergy in Germany
It is presumed that fossil fuels, wind power, solar power, biofuels, and energy conservation will be enough to replace the ... That makes Renewables the most important energy source in Germany for three years in a row. Wind was the leading source at 12.3 ... Energy in Germany is sourced predominantly by fossil fuels, followed by nuclear power, biomass (wood and biofuels), wind, hydro ... Because of its rich coal deposits it has a long tradition of fuelling its economy with coal. It still is the fourth-largest ...
Aston Martin DB6Aston Martin DB6
Now those gallons are the green kind, bioethanol from biofuel company Green Fuels, which sources it from good old British ... Charles only drives the vehicle some 300 miles per year, but it also averages 10 mpg. ... Available as an optional extra for the Mark II was AE Brico electronic fuel-injection combined with the higher compression ... Brown, Laura Sky (2 July 2008). "Vintage Car: Prince Charles's Aston Martin DB6 Fueled by Wine". Edmunds Inside Line. Edmunds. ...
Marcia McNuttMarcia McNutt
The technique will help if and when global demand for biofuel products increases as an alternative to fossil fuels. McNutt said ... During her first year, four major events impacted USGS in quick succession: a magnitude 7.0 earthquake in Haiti, an 8.0 ... McNutt said: More than 130 years after the USGS first began producing quality geologic maps here on Earth, it is exciting to ... First, the oil is already being transported for example by truck and train, using more fossil fuels than the pipeline would use ...
Obnoviteľný zdroj energie - WikipédiaObnoviteľný zdroj energie - Wikipédia
The challenge is to expand the market for biofuels beyond the farm states where they have been most popular to date. Flex-fuel ... a b c d Global wind energy markets continue to boom - 2006 another record year (PDF). ... The Energy Policy Act of 2005, which calls for 7.5 billion gallons of biofuels to be used annually by 2012, will also help to ... Determination of Qin from the Fuel Heating Value [online]. [Cit. 2008-02-17]. Dostupné online. ...
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth Care
BiofuelsBioelectric Energy SourcesFossil FuelsFuel OilsJatrophaEnergy-Generating ResourcesMicroalgaeBiomassPanicumSaccharumCrops, AgriculturalConservation of Energy Resources1-ButanolWoodButanolsMetabolic EngineeringCysticercosisCellulasesClostridium acetobutylicumBiotechnologyRenewable EnergyIndustrial MicrobiologyGasolineStramenopilesCelluloseClostridium beijerinckiiHeatingThermoanaerobacterUnited States Government AgenciesAir Pollution, IndoorMetabolic Networks and PathwaysKeroseneEnoyl-(Acyl-Carrier Protein) Reductase (NADPH, B-Specific)Setaria PlantCellobioseFermentationGenetic EngineeringCookingCarbon FootprintBioengineeringEthanolAgriculturePentanolsScenedesmusElectrodesSynthetic BiologyCellulasePoaceaeGreenhouse EffectHydrocarbonsSorghumMillettiaGlucose OxidaseCarbohydrate MetabolismBrachypodiumDextrinsChlorophytaXylansClostridium thermocellumGanodermaSmokePlant OilsCarbonEnzymes, ImmobilizedXylosePetroleumFungiElectricityCoalTrichodermaConservation of Natural ResourcesActinobacteriaAir MicrobiologyBacteriaHydrogenPhotosynthesisBiosensing TechniquesGlucoseAir Pollutants, OccupationalAerosolsElectric Power SuppliesFiresFatty AcidsPhylogenyEnergy MetabolismOxidation-ReductionSoilZea maysEcosystemTranscriptomeGenes, PlantLipid MetabolismPlant StemsSequence Analysis, DNAPlants, Genetically ModifiedPlant ProteinsVehicle EmissionsGenomicsSolar EnergyHydrolysisGenome, PlantGlycoside HydrolasesCell WallGenome, BacterialCharcoalTemperatureGas, NaturalOccupational ExposureGene Expression Regulation, PlantPower PlantsBird DiseasesMolecular Sequence DataHousehold ArticlesAir PollutantsSeedsEscherichia coliEnzyme StabilityRadioactive WasteGrowth DisordersRefuse DisposalAviationKetone BodiesShiveringPropaneGeobacterModels, BiologicalHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationParticulate MatterSpecies SpecificityBacterial ProteinsSubstrate SpecificityAircraftLactic AcidWaste ProductsIncinerationEnvironmental Monitoring
Isolation and functional characterization of JcFT , a FLOWERING LOCUS T ( FT ) homologous gene from the biofuel plant Jatropha...Isolation and functional characterization of JcFT , a FLOWERING LOCUS T ( FT ) homologous gene from the biofuel plant Jatropha...
This study is the first to functionally characterize a flowering gene, namely, JcFT, in the biofuel plant Jatropha. ... is a potential feedstock for biofuel production because Jatropha oil is highly suitable for the production of the biodiesel and ... bio-jet fuels. However, Jatropha exhibits low seed yield as a result of unreliable and poor flowering. FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) - ... Abe M, Kobayashi Y, Yamamoto S, Daimon Y, Yamaguchi A, Ikeda Y, Ichinoki H, Notaguchi M, Goto K, Araki T: FD, a bZIP protein ...
0-bmcplantbiol-biomedcentral-com.brum.beds.ac.uk
German biodiesel exports hit record level, 3.7 million tons, a 20% increase over previous year : Biofuels DigestGerman biodiesel exports hit record level, 3.7 million tons, a 20% increase over previous year : Biofuels Digest
Renewable DME fuels for heavy transport.. Today, DME for heavy transport - the brave new world of DME fuels and the companies ... The Biofuels Digest newsletter. The most widely-read biofuels daily - 14,000+ organizations subscribe - why not you too?. Your ... Flavors & Fragrances, Sustainable Aviation Fuels.. Green sustainable hydrogen.. Today we looked at agriculture + biofuels and ... Biofuels Mandates Around the World We visited biobased mandates around the world. Where are the markets you can count on, how ...
biofuelsdigest.com
RFA hosting webinar looking at impacts of year-round E15 : Biofuels DigestRFA hosting webinar looking at impacts of year-round E15 : Biofuels Digest
Renewable DME fuels for heavy transport.. Today, DME for heavy transport - the brave new world of DME fuels and the companies ... The Biofuels Digest newsletter. The most widely-read biofuels daily - 14,000+ organizations subscribe - why not you too?. Your ... Flavors & Fragrances, Sustainable Aviation Fuels.. Green sustainable hydrogen.. Today we looked at agriculture + biofuels and ... Biofuels Mandates Around the World We visited biobased mandates around the world. Where are the markets you can count on, how ...
biofuelsdigest.com
Whisky Biofuel Available in a Few Years: 30% More Power Than EthanolWhisky Biofuel Available in a Few Years: 30% More Power Than Ethanol
The food versus fuel debate already has many people worried that we cant feed the world and power our cars. but some folks are ... the researchers claim that the fuel could be available at the pump within a few years, can be used in any regular gasoline ... Whisky Biofuel Available in a Few Years: 30% More Power Than Ethanol By ... The food versus fuel debate already has many people worried that we cant feed the world and power our cars. but some folks are ...
treehugger.com
GROUP EXHIBIT HYDROGEN + FUEL CELLS + BATTERIES 2020 (Hannover) - Electric & Hybrid Vehicles - Biofuels - Hydrogen - Clean...GROUP EXHIBIT HYDROGEN + FUEL CELLS + BATTERIES 2020 (Hannover) - Electric & Hybrid Vehicles - Biofuels - Hydrogen - Clean...
Fuel Cells & Batteries Expo. Group Exhibit Hydrogen + Fuel Cells + Batteries is Europes largest exhibition for these ... GROUP EXHIBIT HYDROGEN + FUEL CELLS + BATTERIES 2020 auf deutsch Description. Hydrogen & Fuel Cells & Batteries Expo. Group ... Electric & Hybrid Vehicles Biofuels - Hydrogen Clean Energies - Renewable Energies Environmental Protection Audience. Trade ... Contact info for GROUP EXHIBIT HYDROGEN + FUEL CELLS + BATTERIES. Official Web Site ...
eventseye.com
Developments in Petroleum and Biofuels Refining Technologies | AIChEDevelopments in Petroleum and Biofuels Refining Technologies | AIChE
Year: 2018. *Proceeding: 2018 AIChE Annual Meeting. *Group: Fuels and Petrochemicals Division ... Developments in Petroleum and Biofuels Refining Technologies. *Conference: AIChE Annual Meeting. * ...
aiche.org
Bio-oils and other bio fuels used in heat- and power generation; Flytande biobraenslen foer el- och vaermeproduktion (Technical...Bio-oils and other bio fuels used in heat- and power generation; Flytande biobraenslen foer el- och vaermeproduktion (Technical...
... it is mainly bio-oils that have been used and not other types of liquid bio fuels. The types of liquid bio fuels that have been ... it is mainly bio-oils that have been used and not other types of liquid bio fuels. The types of liquid bio fuels that have been ... The use of liquid bio fuels was about 4.3 % of total fuel use in Swedish district heating production in 2007 (1.2 % pine oil ... The use of liquid bio fuels was about 4.3 % of total fuel use in Swedish district heating production in 2007 (1.2 % pine oil ...
osti.gov
Ethanol Week - August 15, 2017Ethanol Week - August 15, 2017
Minnesota Bio-Fuels Association welcomes 2 new vendor members. Minnesota Bio-Fuels Association recently welcomed Hth Companies ... USGC recognizes Floss for 20 years of service. The U.S. Grains Council has recognized Craig Floss for 20 years of service. He ... The visit to Guardian Energy was organized by the Minnesota Bio-Fuels Association. READ MORE SHARE ... 15 to expand its production capacity from 70 million gallons per year to 150 million gallons per year. With the groundbreaking ...
ethanolproducer.com
Neutral Fuels Makes Biofuel from Dairy Waste - The Cattle SiteNeutral Fuels Makes Biofuel from Dairy Waste - The Cattle Site
Dubai-based Neutral Fuels has become the first company to successfully use butter, cream and ghee waste as a feedstock for ... After two years of research into new and improved ways to create biofuels, ... UAE - After two years of research into new and improved ways to create biofuels, Dubai-based Neutral Fuels has become the first ... Importantly, the new fuel is of the same high quality as the vegetable oil-derived biofuel that Neutral Fuels has become ...
thecattlesite.com
Special Section - Good Intentions Gone Wrong: Can Congress Admit A Mistake? - Washington TimesSpecial Section - Good Intentions Gone Wrong: Can Congress Admit A Mistake? - Washington Times
Biofuels mandate fueling wildlife crisis. By Collin OMara Lost habitat. Polluted waters. Less wildlife. These are all ... Fixing past missteps on biofuels. By Hon. Henry Waxman For 40 years, I championed environmental protections and solutions to ... Renewable Fuel Standard is a dead end. By Ryan Alexander A decade ago Congress created the current federal Renewable Fuel ... More than 10 years after the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) was expanded and finalized in 2007, policymakers are still wrestling ...
washingtontimes.com
InnovaTeks Mini Microreactor Can Convert Liquid Fuel Into HydrogenInnovaTek's Mini Microreactor Can Convert Liquid Fuel Into Hydrogen
Published 12 years ago: March 21, 2008 at 11:45 am -. Filed to:biofuel. cars ... The device itself weighs less than one pound and it can "convert (or reform) a continuous stream of hydrogen from fuels like ... They are currently testing a hand-sized microreactor that can convert nearly any liquid fuel into hydrogen-and while you are ... A new development from InnovaTek offers potential freedom from high oil prices and hope for the future of biodiesel fuel-cells ...
gizmodo.com.au
Chemistry, Green Principles and Sustainable Processes with a Year Abroad (MChem) - Undergraduate, University of YorkChemistry, Green Principles and Sustainable Processes with a Year Abroad (MChem) - Undergraduate, University of York
Biofuels and fuel cells. true. My favourite thing this term has been the MChem Mini-Project, which is carried out in labs. ... Year 4. Year 1. You will take a set of core modules, each of which integrates the major areas of Chemistry: organic, inorganic ... Year abroad. Spend a year working on a research project at one of our partner universities in countries all over the world. ... Year 2. A significant proportion of your second year is made up of core Chemistry modules and practical work which is common to ...
york.ac.uk
Biofuel Plant Opens in Brazil | MIT Technology ReviewBiofuel Plant Opens in Brazil | MIT Technology Review
Fuel from the plant will be used for demonstrations and testing in Brazil and other countries. Amyris hopes to take advantage ... of Brazils existing biofuel infrastructure, which has been focused on… ... The demonstration plant has a capacity of more than 10,000 gallons a year. ... The companys diesel fuel works in todays engines and matches the performance of petroleum diesel. Burning the fuel produces ...
technologyreview.com
Tag: ethanol - MercoPressTag: ethanol - MercoPress
Global production of bio-fuels increased 17% last year reaching 105 billion litres. Global production of bio-fuels increased 17 ... US bio-fuel production increase: fact or wishful thinking?. A recent study, released on 11 October, Bio-fuel Markets and ... with ethanol production accounting for 78 billion of future worldwide bio-fuel production, while predicting that bio-diesel ... Last year, Brazil imposed a 20% tax on ethanol imported from the U.S. that exceeds a 600 million liter annual quota to protect ...
en.mercopress.com
Farmer planning diesel tree biofuelFarmer planning diesel tree biofuel
It is estimated a one hectare plantation could produce 12,000 litres of fuel a year - enough to make a small farm fuel self- ... About four to six years later they would be measured again before culling them down to between 250 and 350 of the best trees, ... Mr Jubow said a large mature tree would yield about 40 litres of diesel a year, which equated to about 12,000 litres per ... Mr Jubow, who operates the Nunyara Wholesale Forestry Nursery and has been in the industry for 14 years, said he had heard ...
smh.com.au
Bio-fuels from thermochemical conversion of renewable resources: A review, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews | 10.1016/j...Bio-fuels from thermochemical conversion of renewable resources: A review, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews | 10.1016/j...
"Bio-fuels from thermochemical conversion of renewable resources: A review, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews" on ... Bio-fuels from thermochemical conversion of renewable resources: A review. Bio-fuels from thermochemical conversion of ... Luo, Z.; Wang, S.; Liao, Y.; Zhou, J.; Gu, Y.; Cen, K. ... lp/elsevier/bio-fuels-from-thermochemical-conversion-of- ... Bio-fuels from thermochemical conversion of renewable resources: A review. Goyal, H.B.; Seal, Diptendu; Saxena, R.C. ...
deepdyve.com
Challenging the food vs. fuel dilemma: genealogical analysis of the biofuel discourse pursued by international organizationsChallenging the food vs. fuel dilemma: genealogical analysis of the biofuel discourse pursued by international organizations
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages. 2011. 1-26 p. Keyword [en] bioenergy, biofuels, international organizations, discourse ... fuel dilemma: genealogical analysis of the biofuel discourse pursued by international organizations. Kuchler, Magdalena ... fuel National Category Social Sciences Interdisciplinary Identifiers. URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-110116OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu- ...
liu.diva-portal.org
Fossil Fuel Facts - Biofuels vs. Fossil Fuels | HowStuffWorksFossil Fuel Facts - Biofuels vs. Fossil Fuels | HowStuffWorks
Fossil fuels are called nonrenewable energy sources, since it takes hundreds of millions of years for the Earth to produce new ... The story of fossil fuels begins 300 to 400 million years ago -- long before dinosaurs roamed the Earth -- when much of the ... Fossil fuels carry a range of health and environmental risks of fossil fuels, but we use them heavily because they are cheap ... 19.4 million barrels of crude oil (refined to make gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel, propane and plastics) every day ...
auto.howstuffworks.com
Surrey, British Columbia - WikipediaSurrey, British Columbia - Wikipedia
"North Americas first bio-fuel facility opens in Surrey". Global News Radio.. ... Year Record high °C (°F) 15.5. (59.9) 19.4. (66.9) 25.0. (77.0) 29.0. (84.2) 34.5. (94.1) 33.3. (91.9) 35.0. (95.0) 34.5. (94.1 ... Every year on April 13, the Sikh community celebrates Vaisakhi, which often includes a nagar kirtan, or parade, and free food ... Every year, in early June, teams of four meet at Nicomekl Park in Langley, British Columbia to begin the race. Unlike most ...
en.wikipedia.org
Microbial fuel cell - WikipediaMicrobial fuel cell - Wikipedia
Y.; Kim, H.-H.; Heller, A. (Sep 2001). "A miniature biofuel cell". J Am Chem Soc. 123 (35): 8630-1. doi:10.1021/ja0163164. PMID ... Gong, Y., Radachowsky, S. E., Wolf, M., Nielsen, M. E., Girguis, P. R., & Reimers, C. E. (2011). "Benthic Microbial Fuel Cell ... in 1976, who produced a successful MFC design a year later. In the late 1970s little was understood about how microbial fuel ... permanent dead link] Choi Y., Jung S. and Kim S. (2000) Development of Microbial Fuel Cells Using Proteus Vulgaris Bulletin of ...
en.wikipedia.org
Whos Fueling Whom? - Why the biofuels movement could run out of gasWho's Fueling Whom? - Why the biofuels movement could run out of gas
Given that they have truly had only the last couple of years to prove themselves, Id say they are doing quite well across the ... Whos Fueling Whom? - Why the biofuels movement could run out of gas. Smithsonian ^ , November 2007 , Richard Conniff Posted on ... It seems to me government has distorted the whole bio fuel issue by offering subsidies. Now capital and other resources are ... 1 nuclear plant would would produce enough elect.to extract hydrogen from water to move us away from fossil fuels.Change your ...
freerepublic.com
System studies on biofuel production via integrated biomass gasificationSystem studies on biofuel production via integrated biomass gasification
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages. Göteborg: The Swedish Knowledge Centre for Renewable Transportation Fuels (f3) , 2013 ... System studies on biofuel production via integrated biomass gasification. Andersson, Jim Luleå University of Technology, ...
diva-portal.org
Non-Conventional Desulfurization of Fuels and Biofuels: A Review | Bentham ScienceNon-Conventional Desulfurization of Fuels and Biofuels: A Review | Bentham Science
Desulfurization of diesel fuels via pcomplexation with nickel(II)-exchanged X- and Y-zeolites. Ind Eng Chem Res 2004; 43: 1081- ... Nie Y, Li ChX, Wang ZH. Extractive desulfurization of fuel oil using alkylimidazole and its mixture with dialkylphosphate ionic ... Non-Conventional Desulfurization of Fuels and Biofuels: A Review. Author(s): Debarpita Ghosal*, Department of Chemical ... Regenerable Adsorbents for the Adsorptive Desulfurization of Transportation Fuels for Fuel Cell Applications, Clean Fuels and ...
eurekaselect.com
From Selenium to Silicon and Beyond-Renewable Energy - MOTHER EARTH NEWSFrom Selenium to Silicon and Beyond-Renewable Energy - MOTHER EARTH NEWS
60 years ago scientists at Bell Laboratories developed the first solar cell capable of converting enough sunlight into ... Bio-Fuels Bio-fuels are ecologically unsustainable. The crop mono-cultures are biodiversity deserts that increase soil erosion ... This year not only marks the 60th anniversary of the silicon solar cell but also the beginning of reaching the Holy Grail solar ... With the phenomenal growth of solar pv in the last several years and its future even brighter, the time is ripe to celebrate ...
motherearthnews.com
Want to Build a Better Biofuel? Talk to the CowWant to Build a Better Biofuel? Talk to the Cow
He explained that burning biofuel - fuel made from plant material - can be, gallon per gallon, up to 10 times ,em,less,/em, ... Enzymes locked away in the stomachs of cows might help us manufacture biofuels more quickly and cheaply. Thats according to a ... warning against pitting our food needs against our fuel needs - especially with 9 billion mouths to feed by the year 2050. ... Rubin did note that biofuel isnt the most sustainable fuel on Earth. Its not as clean as renewables like wind or solar. But, ...
fastcompany.com
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth Care
BiofuelsBioelectric Energy SourcesFossil FuelsFuel OilsJatrophaEnergy-Generating ResourcesMicroalgaeBiomassPanicumSaccharumCrops, AgriculturalConservation of Energy Resources1-ButanolWoodButanolsMetabolic EngineeringCysticercosisCellulasesClostridium acetobutylicumBiotechnologyRenewable EnergyIndustrial MicrobiologyGasolineStramenopilesCelluloseClostridium beijerinckiiHeatingThermoanaerobacterUnited States Government AgenciesAir Pollution, IndoorMetabolic Networks and PathwaysKeroseneEnoyl-(Acyl-Carrier Protein) Reductase (NADPH, B-Specific)Setaria PlantCellobioseFermentationGenetic EngineeringCookingCarbon FootprintBioengineeringEthanolAgriculturePentanolsScenedesmusElectrodesSynthetic BiologyCellulasePoaceaeGreenhouse EffectHydrocarbonsSorghumMillettiaGlucose OxidaseCarbohydrate MetabolismBrachypodiumDextrinsChlorophytaXylansClostridium thermocellumGanodermaSmokePlant OilsCarbonEnzymes, ImmobilizedXylosePetroleumFungiElectricityCoalTrichodermaConservation of Natural ResourcesActinobacteriaAir MicrobiologyBacteriaHydrogenPhotosynthesisBiosensing TechniquesGlucoseAir Pollutants, OccupationalAerosolsElectric Power SuppliesFiresFatty AcidsPhylogenyEnergy MetabolismOxidation-ReductionSoilZea maysEcosystemTranscriptomeGenes, PlantLipid MetabolismPlant StemsSequence Analysis, DNAPlants, Genetically ModifiedPlant ProteinsVehicle EmissionsGenomicsSolar EnergyHydrolysisGenome, PlantGlycoside HydrolasesCell WallGenome, BacterialCharcoalTemperatureGas, NaturalOccupational ExposureGene Expression Regulation, PlantPower PlantsBird DiseasesMolecular Sequence DataHousehold ArticlesAir PollutantsSeedsEscherichia coliEnzyme StabilityRadioactive WasteGrowth DisordersRefuse DisposalAviationKetone BodiesShiveringPropaneGeobacterModels, BiologicalHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationParticulate MatterSpecies SpecificityBacterial ProteinsSubstrate SpecificityAircraftLactic AcidWaste ProductsIncinerationEnvironmental Monitoring
BiodieselProductionJatrophaNext-generation biofuelsFossil fuelSecond-generatiFeedstockCarbonProduce biofuelsHYDROGENBioethanolLiquid FuelsAdvanced and cellulosic biofuelsVegetable cooking oil intoTransportation FuelsCellulosic ethanolFeedstocksMandateMicrobesConsumption of biofuelsSustainabilityWorld'sEnergyDiesel fuelsGallons of biofuelKind of biofuelSource of biofuelImpact of biofuelsDemand for biofuelsConvertCreate biofuelsCompany'sAlgae biofuelsHydrocarbonBetter BiofuelGeneration biofuelLallemand BiofuelsSustainable biofuelsMadeCelluloseMillion gallonsAlternative to fossil fuelsPetroleum-basedCorn ethanolFoodRenewable Fuel StaScientistsPlantsTransport fuelsConventionalWaste2016
Biodiesel1
Production1
Jatropha1
Next-generation biofuels1
Fossil fuel15
  • He explained that burning biofuel - fuel made from plant material - can be, gallon per gallon, up to 10 times less polluting than fossil fuel. (fastcompany.com)
  • This is a green and renewable energy that helps in conserving fossil-fuel usage. (alternative-energy-news.info)
  • There have been various methods tried for reducing fossil fuel dependency and containing carbon footprints for a healthier and more eco-friendly future. (alternative-energy-news.info)
  • The table below compares various biofuels with their fossil fuel counterparts. (altenergymag.com)
  • The aim of this study is to develop a theoretical model by which to demonstrate how taxes and subsidies work as external factors to substitute fossil fuel by a forest-based biofuel. (springer.com)
  • Three states are as follows: a situation without a tax and subsidy, a situation with a biofuel subsidy, and a situation with a biofuel subsidy and a fossil fuel tax. (springer.com)
  • It is conceivable that the joint application of taxes and subsidies will succour biofuel to supplant fossil fuel in the near future. (springer.com)
  • Blume's latest book is a well researched and expanded update to his original work, incorporating 21st-century concerns over global warming, domestic-energy policy, grassroots biofuel solutions, and the challenges of going green in a world dominated by the fossil fuel "oiligarchy. (worldcat.org)
  • In common parlance, the term fossil fuel also includes hydrocarbon-containing natural resources that are not derived entirely from biological sources, such as tar sands. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Modern large-scale industrial development is based on fossil fuel use, which has largely supplanted water-driven mills, as well as the combustion of wood or peat for heat. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • He adds: "we are preparing ourselves, and Europe in particular, for a change from a fossil-fuel based economy to a bio-based one. (phys.org)
  • Many of these technologies are old technologies that are now being rediscovered, as we start to realise that we need to use renewables, and not just one-use materials like fossil fuel stocks," comments Tony Longdon, technical director at naturally sourced polymer company Biome Bioplastics in Southampton, UK. (phys.org)
  • Some energy-specialist are afraid that the transportation from other countries generate much more CO2 than fossil-fuel. (englishclub.com)
  • RIN credits serve as a compliance currency for fossil fuel producers to buy or sell to meet their annual renewable fuel obligation. (brookings.edu)
  • also stated that thanks to biofuels, the EU saved €30bn per year on fossil fuel imports. (euractiv.com)
Second-generati7
  • However, new second-generation biofuels get around this by being produced from rubbish, including household waste. (dailymail.co.uk)
  • It is this 10 per cent target that is a cause for concern and is partly conditioned on the commercial viability of second-generation biofuels. (pambazuka.org)
  • Second-generation biofuels are mainly made from lignocellulosic materials like wood and straw. (pambazuka.org)
  • SweTree Technologies, for instance, is researching second-generation biofuels by genetically modifying trees for fuel conversion. (pambazuka.org)
  • Second-generation biofuels are now mandated to produce twice as much energy compared to first-generation biofuels in meeting the 10 per cent EU-wide transport target. (pambazuka.org)
  • and, a waste to fuels second generation biofuels plant. (msbusiness.com)
  • Second‐generation biofuels from lignocellulose address this issue, but their production is not yet fully commercial. (els.net)
Feedstock10
Carbon30
Produce biofuels2
  • BRUSSELS, Belgium, March 9 /PRNewswire-FirstCall/ -- Speaking as one of the keynote speakers at the World Biofuels Markets here today, DuPont Biofuels Vice President & General Manager John Ranieri provided an update on the company's initiatives to deliver technologies that use non-food agricultural feedstocks to produce biofuels as well as its efforts with partner BP to introduce biobutanol and advanced biofuels into the European market. (autoblog.com)
  • Argonne biophysicist Phil Laible oversees the growth of new photosynthetic bacteria designed to produce biofuels. (anl.gov)
HYDROGEN10
Bioethanol1
  • The ILUC impact of crop-based bioethanol, which accounts for the other 20% of the EU's biofuel use, is much lower, and its supporters say it could serve as a longer-term transition fuel for European transport. (euractiv.com)
Liquid Fuels4
  • Severe cases of land-use change could make coal-to-liquid fuels look green," says Hileman, noting that by conventional standards, "coal-to-liquid is not a green option. (eurekalert.org)
  • Road transport in Europe will need liquid fuels for a long time," Emmanuel Desplechin, secretary general of ePURE, the European renewable ethanol association, told EURACTIV. (euractiv.com)
  • Biofuel use needs to increase to help fight climate change as liquid fuels will be needed by aircraft and ships for many decades to come, finds a new report requested by the UK government. (edie.net)
  • Despite the fast growth in electric cars, Shah said biofuels would be needed as a key part of tackling climate change because no significant alternatives for liquid fuels were available for aircraft, ships and long-distance HGVs. (edie.net)
Advanced and cellulosic biofuels2
Vegetable cooking oil into1
Transportation Fuels2
Cellulosic ethanol4
Feedstocks8
Mandate10
  • Sen. Ted Cruz has emerged as Washington's leading critic of the ethanol industry, holding up federal nominees over his opposition to the national biofuels mandate, lambasting the sector in fiery Senate floor speeches, and leading a coalition of oil-friendly lawmakers to the Oval Office in hopes of weakening the Renewable Fuel Standard. (washingtontimes.com)
  • More than 40% of US grain is used for energy due to the Renewable Fuel Mandate (RFS). (repec.org)
  • Food for fuel: The effect of the US biofuel mandate on poverty in India ," Quantitative Economics , Econometric Society, vol. 10(3), pages 1153-1193, July. (repec.org)
  • Food for Fuel: The Effect of the U.S. Biofuel Mandate on Poverty in India ," Working Papers 2012-17, University of Alberta, Department of Economics, revised 01 Jan 2015. (repec.org)
  • Food for fuel: The effect of the US biofuel mandate on poverty in India ," TSE Working Papers 18-926, Toulouse School of Economics (TSE). (repec.org)
  • Food for Fuel: The Effect of the US Biofuel Mandate on Poverty in India ," CESifo Working Paper Series 3910, CESifo. (repec.org)
  • Food for fuel: The effect of the US biofuel mandate on poverty in India ," Discussion Papers Series, Department of Economics, Tufts University 0825, Department of Economics, Tufts University. (repec.org)
  • Food for Fuel: The Effect of the U.S. Biofuel Mandate on Poverty in India ," Economics Working Paper Archive (University of Rennes 1 & University of Caen) 201501, Center for Research in Economics and Management (CREM), University of Rennes 1, University of Caen and CNRS. (repec.org)
  • Food for Fuel: The Effect of the U.S. Biofuel Mandate on Poverty in India ," Discussion Papers Series, Department of Economics, Tufts University 0806, Department of Economics, Tufts University. (repec.org)
  • Overall our evidence [is] that the sustainability risk of increasing levels of biofuels can be managed and the government should be confident of increasing the mandate for biofuels," said Nilay Shah, a professor at Imperial College London and one of the team who produced the report. (edie.net)
Microbes9
Consumption of biofuels1
Sustainability4
World's2
Energy55
Diesel fuels2
Gallons of biofuel1
Kind of biofuel1
  • This is the most destructive kind of biofuel, driving deforestation in Malaysia and Indonesia. (theguardian.com)
Source of biofuel2
  • Watermelons are more than just a tasty summer snack - researchers at the USDA have determined that the fruit constitutes a promising and economically viable source of biofuel . (slashdot.org)
  • Algae presents tremendous business potential as a future source of biofuel. (oilgae.com)
Impact of biofuels2
  • They say the net impact of biofuels has been positive for the climate. (euractiv.com)
  • The new report combines more than 250 analyses of the impact of biofuels around the world, including how demand for food-based biofuels drives the destruction of forests and peatlands when farmers expand into additional areas - the most contentious issue. (edie.net)
Demand for biofuels1
  • And in this case, they thought, 'Wow, we can make some money here, because there is such high demand for biofuels. (kcur.org)
Convert3
Create biofuels1
  • Karin already reported on Scottish efforts to create biofuels from byproducts of distilling, and now it looks like such efforts are paying off. (treehugger.com)
Company's4
Algae biofuels1
  • A detailed report on all aspects of the algae fuel value chain, the Comprehensive Oilgae Report will be of immense help to those who are on the threshold of investing in algae biofuels. (oilgae.com)
Hydrocarbon2
Better Biofuel2
Generation biofuel1
  • But when 2nd generation biofuel technologies are fully commercialised, they would likely be favoured over many 1st generation alternatives due to policies designed to reward national objectives such as environmental performance or security of supply. (renewableenergyfocus.com)
Lallemand Biofuels1
  • Today, we're joined by Angus Ballard, president of Lallemand Biofuels & Distilled Spirits as we explore a breakthrough in one-step yeast and enzymes. (biofuelsdigest.com)
Sustainable biofuels2
Made11
Cellulose3
  • But, he said, biofuels can be difficult and expensive to produce: scientists haven't perfected the process of breaking down plant material - cellulose - into simple sugars. (fastcompany.com)
  • A team at WPI is now working on ways to develop biofuels that are based on cellulose, which makes up the heavy, woody fibers found in all plants. (wpi.edu)
  • Extracting sugar from cellulose is the first important step in the process, but to produce liquid biofuel the sugar needs to be fermented into ethanol. (wpi.edu)
Million gallons2
Alternative to fossil fuels1
Petroleum-based2
  • Many oils, edible and otherwise, are burned as fuel, such as in oil lamps and as a substitute for petroleum-based fuels. (wikipedia.org)
  • Hileman and his team performed a life-cycle analysis of 14 fuel sources, including conventional petroleum-based jet fuel and "drop-in" biofuels: alternatives that can directly replace conventional fuels with little or no change to existing infrastructure or vehicles. (eurekalert.org)
Corn ethanol1
Food26
  • The food versus fuel debate already has many people worried that we can't feed the world and power our cars. (treehugger.com)
  • I'm proud of my work to strengthen the Clean Air Act, make drinking water safer, reduce pesticides in food, and cut oil consumption through strong fuel efficiency standards. (washingtontimes.com)
  • Roughly 40 percent of corn in the United States is currently used for fuel, which increases the price of food and animal feed while also damaging the environment. (washingtontimes.com)
  • World farm commodity prices will edge higher in the next decade, and oilseeds are set to outperform wheat and other cereals, both trends fuelled by demand in emerging economies, the OECD said on Wednesday, presenting a joint report with the UN's food agency FAO. (mercopress.com)
  • Rubin said we need to move towards grass-based biofuels, warning against pitting our food needs against our fuel needs - especially with 9 billion mouths to feed by the year 2050. (fastcompany.com)
  • Chemical resources are in continuous demand by developed and developing countries alike, and it is estimated that there will be a 50% increase in consumption of plant resources for food and fuel by 2050 [ 1 , 2 ]. (mdpi.com)
  • The impact on the people in poor, developing countries is already a problem when farmers can obtain greater profits by using their land for biofuels than for food. (altenergymag.com)
  • We need to develop biofuels that do not compete with the food supply," said Alex DiIorio, PhD., assistant professor of biology and biotechnology and director of WPI's Bioprocessing Center at Gateway Park. (wpi.edu)
  • The goal is to find a renewable source of liquid fuel that is better for the environment, that doesn't rely on crude oil, and that doesn't affect the price of food. (wpi.edu)
  • I mean, whoever thought, "Let's burn food for fuel! (fark.com)
  • Ministers were initially in favour of biofuels, but their opinions have changed after claims that food-producing land is being turned over to making fuel for cars. (dailymail.co.uk)
  • But environmental campaigners, who once backed biofuels, have recently attacked the strategy, arguing that vast tracts of land used to grow food have been diverted to fuel plants, causing food prices to soar and creating global food shortages. (dailymail.co.uk)
  • According to the World Bank, oil is the driving force behind the price of food--not biofuels. (novozymes.com)
  • 800 words - 3 pages Environmental Effects of Fossil Fuels Besides food, fossil fuels are our most important resource. (brightkite.com)
  • About a third of food produced for human consumption is lost or wasted globally-about 1.3 billion tons per year. (anl.gov)
  • I see no reason to fund any research into trying to turn our food supply into fuel for our vehicles. (greencarcongress.com)
  • High food prices are not at any important degree driven by food based biofuels (there is simply not enough demand from biofuel factories yet to make a price difference globally). (greencarcongress.com)
  • We really need to stop our opposition to food based biofuels because it is based on fairytales abut starving children in Africa. (greencarcongress.com)
  • Increased applications of ethanol in biofuels, industrial, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food & beverages sectors lead to burgeoning growth of the ethanol market. (mynewsdesk.com)
  • L]ast week the Glover Park Group, a public relations firm in Washington, staged a teleconference with reporters to disparage what it called the U.S. food-to-fuel policy. (prwatch.org)
  • Meanwhile, Merritt Cluff, the co-author of a new report on the global food crisis from the United Nations' Food & Agriculture Organization [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7424375.stm says], "Biofuels are the largest new source of demand for agriculture and are causing higher prices. (prwatch.org)
  • For thousands of years, people have cut down trees to burn for heat and to cook their food. (usda.gov)
  • It's the latest installment of the long-running food vs. fuel battle. (kcur.org)
  • But wouldn't it be lovely if somebody came up with a biofuel that didn't take food out of people's mouths? (kcur.org)
  • More fertile land for biofuels means less food or forests. (kcur.org)
  • Welcome back, food vs. fuel. (kcur.org)
Renewable Fuel Sta4
  • The Renewable Fuel Standard that boosted ethanol use has fallen out of favor so badly that environmentalists now see themselves on the same side of the debate as Republicans such as Sen. Ted Cruz, arguing that the entire program is deeply flawed and must be completely overhauled. (washingtontimes.com)
  • As it does every fall, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency announced it is mandating even higher levels of ethanol in our transportation fuel supply while ignoring market realities and the negative impact of the federal Renewable Fuel Standard on American consumers. (washingtontimes.com)
  • As acting Environmental Protection Agency Administrator Andrew Wheeler will soon learn, if he hasn't already, reforming the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) is critical to the economy and boaters. (washingtontimes.com)
  • In July, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) released its proposal for the 2011 percentage standards for the four fuels categories under the agency's Renewable Fuel Standard program (RFS2). (environmentalleader.com)
Scientists2
  • According to The Guardian, scientists at Edinburg Napier University have been using by-products-known as 'pot ale' and draff- from the Glenkinchie Whisky Distillery in East Lothian to produce a viable biofuel . (treehugger.com)
  • Scientists are exploring these as a fuel source, particularly since they also do not require fresh water. (eurekalert.org)
Plants5
  • Virtually any organic material could be used to feed the fuel cell, including coupling cells to wastewater treatment plants. (wikipedia.org)
  • By use: as described above, oils from plants are used in cooking, for fuel, for cosmetics, for medical purposes, and for other industrial purposes. (wikipedia.org)
  • [ page needed ] Throughout most of human history fuels derived from plants or animal fat were only used by humans. (wikipedia.org)
  • Last year, DiIorio's team went into the field and took samples of organisms they found in places where trees and plants were decaying. (wpi.edu)
  • Many different plants and plant-derived materials are used for biofuel manufacture. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Transport fuels1
  • Biofuels were then and continue to be in many respects hyped as an environmentally friendly alternative to oil-based transport fuels. (pambazuka.org)
Conventional5
Waste10
  • Karl W Feilder, chairman and CEO of Neutral Fuels, said the company was inspired by Dubai Municipality's "Zero Waste by 2030" target. (thecattlesite.com)
  • I wonder if a business that picks up lawn waste (grass clippings, leaves, etc.) and sells it to a bio-fuels producer would be a monry-maker? (fark.com)
  • The farmers sell the watermelons to the factory, the factory pulps and processes the melons, making bio-fuel, and the waste pulp is then resold very cheaply to anyone who wants it. (slashdot.org)
  • The country's first bio-butanol plant will be located in the Irkutsk region, using a special non-waste technology to produce fuel from renewable sources. (rt.com)
  • Working with Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), biofuel producer LanzaTech received $4 million in funding from BETO to develop a process that not only provides a sustainable source of renewable jet fuel, but also offers an innovative solution to industrial waste management. (energy.gov)
  • This process not only provides a viable source of sustainable jet fuel but also offers an innovative solution to industrial waste management. (energy.gov)
  • An estimated 8 million tonnes of plastic waste are dumped into our oceans each year. (azocleantech.com)
  • A new technology from Argonne may remind viewers of Mr. Fusion of Back to the Future fame, only with a biofuel twist: put in your waste and out comes diesel fuel. (anl.gov)
  • If the idea of converting on-site waste into a drop-in ready fuel with a small mobile unit seems outrageous, then why does moving refined fuel through a weak infrastructure make sense? (anl.gov)
  • Special bacteria can turn biological waste into fuel by converting pigments in their cells into a type of biofuel called phytol-which separates out into the colorless top layer on the left. (anl.gov)
20162
  • CiteScore values are based on citation counts in a range of four years (e.g. 2016-2019) to peer-reviewed documents (articles, reviews, conference papers, data papers and book chapters) published in the same four calendar years, divided by the number of these documents in these same four years (e.g. 2016 - 19). (elsevier.com)
  • British Airways abandoned a £340m scheme to create jet fuel from London's rubbish in January 2016, although in the same month the US navy launched its first aircraft carriers powered by biofuels . (edie.net)