Cellular Phone: Analog or digital communications device in which the user has a wireless connection from a telephone to a nearby transmitter. It is termed cellular because the service area is divided into multiple "cells." As the user moves from one cell area to another, the call is transferred to the local transmitter.Academic Medical Centers: Medical complexes consisting of medical school, hospitals, clinics, libraries, administrative facilities, etc.Physicians: Individuals licensed to practice medicine.Retrospective Studies: Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.United StatesHospitals, Veterans: Hospitals providing medical care to veterans of wars.Time Factors: Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.Siberia: A region, north-central Asia, largely in Russia. It extends from the Ural Mountains to the Pacific Ocean and from the Arctic Ocean to central Kazakhstan and the borders of China and Mongolia.Yawning: An involuntary deep INHALATION with the MOUTH open, often accompanied by the act of stretching.Trees: Woody, usually tall, perennial higher plants (Angiosperms, Gymnosperms, and some Pterophyta) having usually a main stem and numerous branches.Public Opinion: The attitude of a significant portion of a population toward any given proposition, based upon a measurable amount of factual evidence, and involving some degree of reflection, analysis, and reasoning.Defibrillators: Cardiac electrical stimulators that apply brief high-voltage electroshocks to the HEART. These stimulators are used to restore normal rhythm and contractile function in hearts of patients who are experiencing VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION or ventricular tachycardia (TACHYCARDIA, VENTRICULAR) that is not accompanied by a palpable PULSE. Some defibrillators may also be used to correct certain noncritical dysrhythmias (called synchronized defibrillation or CARDIOVERSION), using relatively low-level discharges synchronized to the patient's ECG waveform. (UMDNS, 2003)Access to Information: Individual's rights to obtain and use information collected or generated by others.Imitative Behavior: The mimicking of the behavior of one individual by another.Social Media: Platforms that provide the ability and tools to create and publish information accessed via the INTERNET. Generally these platforms have three characteristics with content user generated, high degree of interaction between creator and viewer, and easily integrated with other sites.Pan paniscus: The pygmy chimpanzee, a species of the genus Pan, family HOMINIDAE. Its common name is Bonobo, which was once considered a separate genus by some; others considered it a subspecies of PAN TROGLODYTES. Its range is confined to the forests of the central Zaire basin. Despite its name, it is often of equal size to P. troglodytes.Empathy: An individual's objective and insightful awareness of the feelings and behavior of another person. It should be distinguished from sympathy, which is usually nonobjective and noncritical. It includes caring, which is the demonstration of an awareness of and a concern for the good of others. (From Bioethics Thesaurus, 1992)Pair Bond: In animals, the social relationship established between a male and female for reproduction. It may include raising of young.Videotape Recording: Recording of visual and sometimes sound signals on magnetic tape.Imaging, Three-Dimensional: The process of generating three-dimensional images by electronic, photographic, or other methods. For example, three-dimensional images can be generated by assembling multiple tomographic images with the aid of a computer, while photographic 3-D images (HOLOGRAPHY) can be made by exposing film to the interference pattern created when two laser light sources shine on an object.Fetus: The unborn young of a viviparous mammal, in the postembryonic period, after the major structures have been outlined. In humans, the unborn young from the end of the eighth week after CONCEPTION until BIRTH, as distinguished from the earlier EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.Amish: An ethnic group with shared religious beliefs. Originating in Switzerland in the late 1600s, and first migrating to the mid-Atlantic, they now live throughout Eastern and Mid-Western United States and elsewhere. Communities are usually close-knit and marriage is within the community.PennsylvaniaUltrasonography, Prenatal: The visualization of tissues during pregnancy through recording of the echoes of ultrasonic waves directed into the body. The procedure may be applied with reference to the mother or the fetus and with reference to organs or the detection of maternal or fetal disease.Gestational Age: The age of the conceptus, beginning from the time of FERTILIZATION. In clinical obstetrics, the gestational age is often estimated as the time from the last day of the last MENSTRUATION which is about 2 weeks before OVULATION and fertilization.Pregnancy: The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.Eyelashes: The hairs which project from the edges of the EYELIDS.Snow: Frozen water crystals that fall from the ATMOSPHERE.Soaps: Sodium or potassium salts of long chain fatty acids. These detergent substances are obtained by boiling natural oils or fats with caustic alkali. Sodium soaps are harder and are used as topical anti-infectives and vehicles in pills and liniments; potassium soaps are soft, used as vehicles for ointments and also as topical antimicrobials.Cheese: A nutritious food consisting primarily of the curd or the semisolid substance formed when milk coagulates.Phencyclidine: A hallucinogen formerly used as a veterinary anesthetic, and briefly as a general anesthetic for humans. Phencyclidine is similar to KETAMINE in structure and in many of its effects. Like ketamine, it can produce a dissociative state. It exerts its pharmacological action through inhibition of NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE). As a drug of abuse, it is known as PCP and Angel Dust.Mothers: Female parents, human or animal.Tears: The fluid secreted by the lacrimal glands. This fluid moistens the CONJUNCTIVA and CORNEA.Pan troglodytes: The common chimpanzee, a species of the genus Pan, family HOMINIDAE. It lives in Africa, primarily in the tropical rainforests. There are a number of recognized subspecies.Periodicals as Topic: A publication issued at stated, more or less regular, intervals.Gastroenterology: A subspecialty of internal medicine concerned with the study of the physiology and diseases of the digestive system and related structures (esophagus, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas).Thymus Hormones: Humoral factors secreted by the thymus gland. They participate in the development of the lymphoid system and the maturation of the cellular immune response.Pain: An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.Sternotomy: Making an incision in the STERNUM.Ribs: A set of twelve curved bones which connect to the vertebral column posteriorly, and terminate anteriorly as costal cartilage. Together, they form a protective cage around the internal thoracic organs.Manubrium: The upper or most anterior segment of the STERNUM which articulates with the CLAVICLE and first two pairs of RIBS.Funnel Chest: A developmental anomaly in which the lower sternum is posteriorly dislocated and concavely deformed, resulting in a funnel-shaped thorax.Engraving and EngravingsRare BooksQuestionnaires: Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.RNA, Untranslated: RNA which does not code for protein but has some enzymatic, structural or regulatory function. Although ribosomal RNA (RNA, RIBOSOMAL) and transfer RNA (RNA, TRANSFER) are also untranslated RNAs they are not included in this scope.Science: The study of natural phenomena by observation, measurement, and experimentation.Social Sciences: Disciplines concerned with the interrelationships of individuals in a social environment including social organizations and institutions. Includes Sociology and Anthropology.Research Personnel: Those individuals engaged in research.Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome: A symptom complex consisting of pain, muscle tenderness, clicking in the joint, and limitation or alteration of mandibular movement. The symptoms are subjective and manifested primarily in the masticatory muscles rather than the temporomandibular joint itself. Etiologic factors are uncertain but include occlusal dysharmony and psychophysiologic factors.Temporomandibular Joint Disorders: A variety of conditions affecting the anatomic and functional characteristics of the temporomandibular joint. Factors contributing to the complexity of temporomandibular diseases are its relation to dentition and mastication and the symptomatic effects in other areas which account for referred pain to the joint and the difficulties in applying traditional diagnostic procedures to temporomandibular joint pathology where tissue is rarely obtained and x-rays are often inadequate or nonspecific. Common diseases are developmental abnormalities, trauma, subluxation, luxation, arthritis, and neoplasia. (From Thoma's Oral Pathology, 6th ed, pp577-600)Temporomandibular Joint: An articulation between the condyle of the mandible and the articular tubercle of the temporal bone.Encyclopedias as Topic: Works containing information articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order, or a similar work limited to a special field or subject. (From The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)Temporomandibular Joint Disc: A plate of fibrous tissue that divides the temporomandibular joint into an upper and lower cavity. The disc is attached to the articular capsule and moves forward with the condyle in free opening and protrusion. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p92)Sacroiliac Joint: The immovable joint formed by the lateral surfaces of the SACRUM and ILIUM.Facial Pain: Pain in the facial region including orofacial pain and craniofacial pain. Associated conditions include local inflammatory and neoplastic disorders and neuralgic syndromes involving the trigeminal, facial, and glossopharyngeal nerves. Conditions which feature recurrent or persistent facial pain as the primary manifestation of disease are referred to as FACIAL PAIN SYNDROMES.
Papa suggests that little red chicken tell him a story. Little red chicken loves the idea and climbs into bed, yawning and ... Little red chicken eagerly suggests reading a bedtime story. Papa often refers to how little red chicken regularly interrupts ...
Additionally, it has been suggested that the left periamygdalar region may play a role in yawning. The periamygdaloid cortex is ... February 2005). "Yearning to yawn: the neural basis of contagious yawning". NeuroImage. 24 (4): 1260-4. doi:10.1016/j. ... These results suggest that the periamygdaloid cortex may be partially responsible for interpreting facial expressions and body ... With the rat model results in mind, the study's results suggest that human opiate addicts have a lessened ability to manage ...
"Bunny!" he yawned, and nothing more until his position came back to him. "So you came to me," he went on, in a tone that ... The secretary also notes that the telephone has been used, and suggests that they make inquiries as to who was called. Bunny ...
The album's central cover image is that of a gorilla yawning, suggesting the homonymous pun with the album's title, "oral ...
Hypnosis is suggested by some to be appropriate for TMD. Studies have suggested that it may even be more beneficial than ... or yawning, and is often worse upon waking. The character of the pain is usually dull or aching, poorly localized,[6] and ... and some suggest that acupuncture is best employed as an adjuvent to other treatments in TMD.[83] However, some suggest that ... Many suggest that sleep bruxism can be a causative or contributory factor to pain symptoms in TMD.[5][26][29][30] Indeed, the ...
New research suggests a role of the lungs in the production of blood platelets. About 20,000 protein coding genes are expressed ... Lungs also provide the airflow that enables the expression of many emotions such as sighing, yawning, sobbing, laughing in ... The blood supply also twists around the esophagus, suggesting that the lungs originally evolved in the ventral part of the body ...
Joly-Mascheroni and colleagues (2008) demonstrated that dogs may be able to catch human yawns and suggested a level of empathy ...
Hypnosis is suggested by some to be appropriate for TMD. Studies have suggested that it may even be more beneficial than ... or yawning, and is often worse upon waking. The character of the pain is usually dull or aching, poorly localized, and ... Indeed, some have suggested that in the future the term TMD may be discarded as the different causes are fully identified and ... Many suggest that sleep bruxism can be a causative or contributory factor to pain symptoms in TMD. Indeed, the symptoms of TMD ...
According to this view, the term is "intended to suggest some parallels between the institution of the law, and a system of ... public legal education which might just be the answer to the yawning gap in family law advice. Roger Smith further says ' ... Author Roger Smith further believes there is enough to suggest potential usage of internet and its interactive capacities of ... language to be mastered, knowledge gained and understanding achieved". These authors suggest that the term legal literacy can ...
and suggested that she should have included songs by No Doubt for "much-needed shots of adrenaline" for the audience, who were ... according to Harrison, "figuratively sitting on their hands and literally yawning four songs into the set". Harrison felt that ...
A Clinton spokesman said, "Is it possible to be quoted yawning?" and that, "these books are nothing more than cash for rehash ... It's ludicrous for Little, Brown to suggest that. They should be very careful if they're going down that road." The Little, ... but perhaps the title is meant to suggest that she is a take-charge woman." Once the books came out, while there were many ...
Some sources suggest that Longacre may have based the features of Liberty on those of his daughter, Sarah. This story would be ... "there was a loud yawn from the public and the Mint kept most of the pieces on hand, paying them out slowly as stocking stuffers ... Although no list was kept by years, Bowers suggests that many of the pieces were dated 1874 or 1878 (both years with relatively ... Julian suggests that the relatively large mintages of almost 42,000 in 1874 and some 82,000 in 1878 were struck in anticipation ...
To the observer, at a distance, the eyeless socket of the skull would be suggested at once by the yawning cavern, hewn within ... The site he suggested, today known as Skull Hill or Gordon's Calvary, contains a few natural cavities as well as a man-made ... However, he did suggest that the crucifixion would have taken place somewhere on the road to Jaffa or the road to Damascus. ( ... Thenius went so far as to suggest that Jeremiah's Grotto was in fact the tomb of Christ. Though his proposal for the tomb of ...
The title of David Tucker's first book (chapbook, actually) suggests that it must be of the Justice school, and it is, though ... the title is more than a tone of voice tantamount to a yawn--a lot more, in fact. Matt D. Wilson (December/January 2006). "His ...
Exaggerated yawning, generally with one hand held to the mouth, is used to express boredom. Zemnoy poklon or "great bow", used ... It suggests simultaneous vaginal and (unexpected) anal penetration, hence its name. It uses the same fingers as the hand of ... The fingers and thumb then snap together repeatedly to suggest a mouth talking. The gesture can be used to indicate that ... the gesture can be used to suggest that someone is crazy Woe is me, a melodramatic gesture of distress made by lifting the arm ...
Finally, between yawns, with Rossini half asleep on a sofa, the poet suggested Cinderella: Rossini stirred from slumber and ... Without committing himself, Dandini ponders the question "Whom will the rejected sister marry?" and suggests Ramiro as a ...
... suggesting that the dogs copied not just the yawn, but also the physical state that yawns typically reflect. Excessive yawning ... yawning is often triggered by others yawning (e.g. seeing a person yawning, talking to someone on the phone who is yawning) and ... At least one study suggests that yawning, especially psychological "contagious" yawning, may have developed as a way of keeping ... The yawn reflex has long been observed to be contagious. In 1508, Erasmus wrote, "One man's yawning makes another yawn", and ...
Some research suggests citalopram interacts with cannabinoid protein-couplings in the rat brain, and this is put forward as a ... excessive yawning, severe tinnitus, and fatigue. Less common side effects include bruxism, vomiting, cardiac arrhythmia, blood ... There are studies suggesting that citalopram can be useful in reducing aggressive and impulsive behavior. It appears to be ... Some data suggest the effectiveness of intravenous infusion of citalopram in resistant OCD. Citalopram is well tolerated and as ...
a b c Yawn BP (September 2008). "Factors accounting for asthma variability: achieving optimal symptom control for individual ... suggested (bantuan). *^ Stedman's Medical Dictionary (Edisi ke-28). Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. 2005. ISBN 0-7817-3390-1. ...
Ginnunga- is usually interpreted as deriving from a verb meaning "gape" or "yawn", but no such word occurs in Old Norse except ... In her edition of the poem, Ursula Dronke suggested it was borrowed from Old High German ginunga, as the term Múspell is ... The Gylfaginning states: Ginnungagap, the Yawning Void ... which faced toward the northern quarter, became filled with ... heaviness, and masses of ice and rime, and from within, drizzling rain and gusts; but the southern part of the Yawning Void was ...
Adam McNamara has suggested that memes can be thereby classified as either internal or external memes (i-memes or e-memes). ... Observers distinguish the contagious imitation of memes from instinctively contagious phenomena such as yawning and laughing, ...
Yawning is such a signal.. Both humans and many animals sleep about once a day. Some animals, such as cats, sleep many times a ... A survey suggests:. "This remarkable similarity of characteristics may have resulted from a convergent evolution in mammals and ... Sleep specialists - doctors specialised in sleeping problems - often suggest better sleep hygiene to people with sleeping ...
The crown princess stood changing feet in boredom - the rest of the court yawned or slept." Neither of the affairs were, as far ... She laughed still when he suggested that they exchanged rings, and was not more serious when he begun to shower her with jewels ... von Höpken has also been suggested as a role model for Bellman's character Ulla Winblad in her "aristocratic version". Anna ...
Implicitly, he suggests that the nobles are no better than the thieves even as he suggests that thieves have their own mock- ... And all thy yawning daughters cry, encore. (IV 55-60) Furthermore, grand opera had a high degree of spectacle in it. In the ... Gay had not said that Walpole was a crook as bad as Wild, although he had suggested it. Robert Walpole's personal involvement ... Alexander Pope blasted this shattering of "decorum" and "sense" in Dunciad B and suggested that its real purpose was to awaken ...
This suggests predation on the bear by the jaguar. Occasionally, jaguars may attack humans, depending on factors such as the ... Collared male yawning Rio Negro, Southern Pantanal A jaguar in Miranda, Mato Grosso do Sul A captive jaguar in Santa Cruz Zoo ...
A novidade fica por melhorias no sensor de digitais chamado de Touch ID, alumínio série 7000 na construção e várias melhorias internas de câmera e hardware. Foi introduzida no iPhone 6s a nova tecnologia chamada de 3D Touch, que usa o reconhecimento de pressão na tela para permitir que diferentes ações possam ser realizadas dependendo do nível de pressão do toque do usuário. Apesar de ser similar ao Force Touch usado no MacBook e no Apple Watch, o 3D Touch é mais sensível e consegue reconhecer mais níveis de pressão de toque do que o Force Touch.[2]O design do iPhone 6s é praticamente idêntico ao do iPhone 6. Pela primeira vez em quatro anos, a câmera traseira do iPhone agora tem 12 MP, e passou a gravar vídeos em resolução 4K. A sua câmera dianteira possui 5 MP e a tela do iPhone pode ser agora inteiramente iluminada, usando a tecnologia chamada de "Retina Flash", que durante alguns segundos ilumina o display em até 3x mais, funcionando como um grande flash para que ...
In the 2000s, it was common for smartphones to have a physical T9 numeric keypad or QWERTY keyboard in either a candybar or sliding form factor. Some smartphones had resistive touchscreens, which allowed for virtual keyboards and handwriting input with a finger or a stylus, thus also allowing easy entry of Asian characters.[25]. In 2007, the LG Prada was the first mobile phone released with a large capacitive touchscreen.[26] Later that year, Apple Computer introduced the iPhone. The iPhone was also designed around a large capacitive touchscreen, but added support for multi-touch gestures (for interactions such as "pinching" to zoom in on photos and web pages). Such phones were notable for abandoning the use of a stylus, keyboard, or keypad typical for smartphones at the time, in favor of a capacitive touchscreen for direct finger input as its only input type. The invention of the touchscreen smartphone is often attributed to Apple, but they actually made the smartphone as we know it today ...
Shortly after the iPhone 4 was launched, some consumers reported that signal strength of the phone was reduced when touching the lower left edge of the phone, bridging one of the two locations which separates the two antennas, resulting in dropped calls in some areas with lower signal reception.[85][86][87] In response, Apple issued a statement advising that customers should "avoid gripping [the phone] in the lower left corner" when making or receiving a call.[88] As a consequence of this problem, it was reported on July 2, 2010 that several iPhone 4 users were planning on suing Apple and AT&T for fraud by concealment, negligence, intentional misrepresentation and defective design. The legal challenge was started by a law firm, who set up a website to recruit disenchanted iPhone 4 buyers for a lawsuit against Apple.[89][90] Later that day, Apple issued another statement stating that it had discovered the cause of the "dramatic drop in bars".[91] Apple explained how the formula it used to ...
... is the ascertaining of the position or location of a mobile phone, whether stationary or moving. Localization may occur either via multilateration of radio signals between (several) cell towers of the network and the phone, or simply via GPS. To locate a mobile phone using multilateration of radio signals, it must emit at least the roaming signal to contact the next nearby antenna tower, but the process does not require an active call. The Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) is based on the phone's signal strength to nearby antenna masts. Mobile positioning may include location-based services that disclose the actual coordinates of a mobile phone, which is a technology used by telecommunication companies to approximate the location of a mobile phone, and thereby also its user. The technology of locating is based on measuring power levels and antenna patterns and uses the concept that a powered mobile phone always communicates wirelessly with one of the closest ...
The device is described as 2-square-foot (0.19 m2) in size.[3] To mimic a cell phone tower,[4] it utilizes IMSI-catcher (International Mobile Subscriber Identity) technology, which phone services use to identify individual subscribers.[3] It emits a pilot signal made to appear stronger than that from the nearest cell tower, causing phones within its range to broadcast their IMSI numbers and electronic serial numbers (ESN). Encryption does not prevent this process;[3] the devices can retrieve a phone's encryption session keys in less than one second, with success rates of 50-75% under "real world conditions".[4] An aircraft-mounted device can locate a phone within 10 feet,[3] Another source claims that by triangulating flights, a dirtbox can pinpoint a phone's location in as few as two feet.[6] The dirtbox is a hybrid of detection, managed access and jamming technologies. According to The Wall Street Journal, "people with knowledge of the program" can determine which phones belong to suspects and ...
How often do people reverse Jenny's phone number? Did they ever discontinue use of the reversed version of Jenny's phone number in all area codes? I becha there are dimwits that might reverse a phone number they see or hear. If the reversed version Jenny's phone number was discontinued, mention it in the article. --SuperDude 03:50, 15 May 2005 (UTC) - You could possibly reach a satanic Jenny. --User:Dotto 00:37 14 Oct 2005 UTC -lol Possibly satans girlfriend?24.144.137.244 03:10, 8 February 2007 (UTC) In 1981, +1-areacode-903-5768 would not have been valid in most areas because a 0 or 1 in the second digit was reserved for area codes, while local exchanges could *not* have 0 or 1 in either of the first two digits. This was done so that calling a number like 1-234-5678 would actually reach (long distance) +1-your own area code-234-5678, something which was completely broken by issuing area codes with "wrong" middle digits from 1995 onward. In a few places which were short of numbers, this pattern ...
The StingRay is an IMSI-catcher, a controversial cellular phone surveillance device, manufactured by Harris Corporation. Initially developed for the military and intelligence community, the StingRay and similar Harris devices are in widespread use by local and state law enforcement agencies across Canada, the United States, and in the United Kingdom. Stingray has also become a generic name to describe these kinds of devices. The StingRay is an IMSI-catcher with both passive (digital analyzer) and active (cell-site simulator) capabilities. When operating in active mode, the device mimics a wireless carrier cell tower in order to force all nearby mobile phones and other cellular data devices to connect to it. The StingRay family of devices can be mounted in vehicles, on aeroplanes, helicopters and unmanned aerial vehicles. Hand-carried versions are referred to under the trade name KingFish. Extracting stored data such as International Mobile Subscriber Identity ("IMSI") numbers and Electronic ...
The mobile web refers to browser-based Internet services accessed from handheld mobile devices, such as smartphones or feature phones, through a mobile or other wireless network.. Traditionally, the World Wide Web has been accessed via fixed-line services on laptops and desktop computers. However, the web is now more accessible by portable and wireless devices. An early 2010 ITU (International Telecommunication Union) report said that with current growth rates, web access by people on the go - via laptops and smart mobile devices - is likely to exceed web access from desktop computers within the next five years.[1] In January 2014, mobile internet use exceeded desktop use in the United States.[2] The shift to mobile web access has accelerated since 2007 with the rise of larger multitouch smartphones, and since 2010 with the rise of multitouch tablet computers. Both platforms provide better Internet access, screens, and mobile browsers, or application-based user web experiences, than previous ...
Mobile-phone apps, SMS, and direct push notifications, etc., are not considered "something you have" and thus are not considered in the multi-factor/two-factor equation. Mobile-phone two-step authentication is more secure than single-factor password protection but suffers some security concerns. Phones can be cloned and apps can run on several phones; cell-phone maintenance personnel can read SMS texts. Not least, cell phones can be compromised in general, meaning the phone is no longer something you and only you have.. The major drawback of authentication including something that the user possesses is that the user must carry around the physical token (the USB stick, the bank card, the key or similar), practically at all times. Loss and theft are a risk. Many organizations forbid carrying USB and electronic devices in or out of premises owing to malware and data theft-risks, and most important machines do not have USB ports for the same reason. Physical tokens usually do not scale, typically ...
The first smartphone following the iPhone 4 to ship with a display of a comparable pixel density was the Nokia E6, running Symbian Anna, with a resolution of 640 × 480 at a screen size of 62.5mm. This was an isolated case for the platform however, as all other Symbian-based devices had larger displays with lower resolutions. Some older Symbian smartphones, including the Nokia N80 and N90, featured a 2.1 inch display at 259 ppi, which was one of the crispest at the time. The first Android smartphones with the same display - Meizu M9 was launched a few months later in beginning of 2011. And in October of the same year Galaxy Nexus was announced, which had a display with a better resolution. And by 2013 the 300+ ppimark was found on midrange phones such as the Moto G.[34] From 2013-14, many flagship devices such as the Samsung Galaxy S4 and HTC One (M8) had 1080p (FHD) screens around 5-inches for a 400+ PPI which surpassed the Retina density on the iPhone 5. The latest major redesign of the ...
Mobile data collection or mobile surveys is an increasingly popular method of data collection. Over 50% of surveys today are opened on mobile devices.[4] The survey, form, app or collection tool is on a mobile device such as a smart phone or a tablet. These devices offer innovative ways to gather data, and eliminate the laborious "data entry" (of paper form data into a computer), which delays data analysis and understanding. By eliminating paper, mobile data collection can also dramatically reduce costs: one World Bank study in Guatemala found a 71% decrease in cost while using mobile data collection, compared to the previous paper-based approach.[5]. SMS surveys can reach any handset, in any language and in any country. As they are not dependent on internet access and the answers can be sent when its convenient, they are a suitable mobile survey data collection channel for many situations that require fast, high volume responses. As a result, SMS surveys can deliver 80% of responses in less ...
In the early 21st century, the landline telephone has declined due to the advancement of mobile network technology and the obsolescence of the old copper wire networking. Eventually these metallic networks will be deemed completely out of date and replaced by more efficient broadband and fiber optic landline connections extending to rural areas and places where telecommunication was much more sparse. Some see this happening as soon as the year 2025.[5] In 2004, only about 45% of people in the United States between the ages of 12 and 17 owned cell phones. At that time, they had to rely on landline telephones. In just 4 years' time, that percentage climbed to about 71%. That same year, 2008, about 77% of adults owned a mobile phone.[6] In the year 2013, 91% of adults in the United States owned a mobile phone. Almost 60% of those with a mobile had a smartphone.[7] A National Health Interview Survey of 19,956 households by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention released May 4, 2017 showed ...
With the strong growth in the use of smartphones, app usage has also greatly increased. Therefore, mobile marketers have increasingly taken advantage of smartphone apps as a marketing resource. Marketers aim to optimize the visibility of an app in a store, which will maximize the number of downloads. This practice is called App Store Optimization (ASO). There is a lot of competition[26] in this field as well. However, just like other services, it is not easy anymore to rule the mobile application market. Most companies have acknowledged the potential of Mobile Apps to increase the interaction between a company and its target customers. With the fast progress and growth of the smartphone market, high-quality Mobile app development is essential to obtain a strong position in a mobile app store. Here are several models for APP marketing. 1. Content embedded mode For the most part at present, the downloadding APP from APP store is free, for APP development enterprise, need a way to flow to ...
Suggested Reading. *Abdel- Fatteh, R. (1992). Evaluating Temporomandibular joint injuries. New York: Wiley. ... and yawning. It is during these actions that the Temporomandibular joint and its surrounding muscles may be affected, resulting ...
But unlike sleep apnea or laptops in the bedroom, yawning is an asp... ... The most recent research on yawning suggests that it exists to cool down the brain. That open-mouthed yawn causes sinus walls " ... Healthy Living Yawning Facts Yawning Why Do We Yawn Facts About Yawning ... Yawning Is More Contagious Between Besties. Not just anyone will pass a yawn onto you. According to 2012 research, yawns are ...
Los Angeles Times Grown chimpanzees cant resist the power of a yawn, even if it comes from humans. Thats the result of a ... Studies suggest that yawning helps regulate brain temperature, including mild site-specific increases associated with ... Video footage shows infant and juvenile chimps who seem oblivious to Madsens yawns. But an older chimp readily yawns when ... Madsen was curious about social elements of yawning. Adult chimpanzees tended to yawn more readily in response to members of ...
Dr Yawn is a very personable man and in my opinion a very concerned doctor. He listens attentively when I talk to him and when ... I suggest anyone who reads this reconsider this dr. grutter. Apr 28 2020 ... Gary Yawn with Tennessee Heart for the past four years and have found him to be very trustworthy and attentive to my questions ... Dr Yawn is incredibly focused on getting the me the scripts that dont cause unbearable side effects. As well as monitoring my ...
They all yawn. Its a common animal behavior, but one that is something of a mystery. ... In one study, 29 dogs watched a human yawning and 21 of them yawned as well - suggesting that interspecies yawning could help ... Looking at yawns, hearing yawns, thinking about yawns or talking about yawns will likely trigger a contagious response. ... TRUDEAU: Provine suggests you do a little at-home experiment. Watch your dog when he yawns. Do you catch the yawn yourself? If ...
yawn. struggle4progress. Oct 2012. #99. Ill take that for a yes. nt ... Im not suggesting anything.... ...its the Assange cultists that suggest and believe things that cant be documented. And ... Are you suggesting that the guards are standing there like the guards at the factory ...
yawn* slow day CNN?. May 17, 2013 at 6:47 pm , Report abuse , Log in to Reply ... More reports suggest Beyonces expecting. Let the rumor mill spin.. Beyoncé has yet to address speculation that shes expecting ...
Things were going pleasantly until Rhonda suggested that I choose a place for us to meet. I suggested a coffee house with ... She yawned. Finally, I offered a quaint French café with outdoor porch seating and fabulous homemade desserts. The silence was ... And so when Amy eventually suggested that I give up my writing aspirations and return to school to learn a trade, I said ... I sincerely hope you meet that guy who will be able to suggest a first-date locale sufficiently romantic for your deepest needs ...
... which may be one reason why exhaustion triggers excessive yawning. Gallup also suggests that excessive yawning may even be a ... vii Yawn, Yawn, Yawn, Yawn; Yawn, Yawn, Yawn! The Social, Evolutionary and Neuroscientific Facets of Contagious Yawning, ... Yawning is usually associated with boredom or being tired, but new research suggests theres far more to this behavior than ... This suggests that contagious yawning may be an evolutionarily old process that begot a higher level of social cognition in ...
She suggests yawning at your dog to provide comfort at stressful moments like a vet visit. But dont be surprised if your dog ... Consider yawning. People yawn when theyre tired or bored, but dogs yawn when theyre stressed. According to Turid Rugaas, ... Just as yawning is contagious in people, dogs can "catch" yawns too. ... author of On Talking Terms With Dogs: Calming Signals, dogs use yawning to calm themselves in tense situations and to calm ...
I suggest people read that material carefully to asses McIs credibility. The thinktanks were likely happy to find someone ...
Temporomandibular joints are complex, moving both up and down and side to side which allows for chewing, yawning and talking. ... The National Institute of Health (NIH) suggests the following treatments:[3]. *Self-care practices. These include behavior ... changes such as eating soft food to reduce the chewing motion; avoiding extreme movements of the jaw such as yawning; avoiding ...
umm.. "..Get your facts correct." Suggest you read this book.. Curveball: Spies, Lies, and the Con Man Who Caused a War. ... Yawn. If there were any illegality here, the statute of limitations would have long past. No so for HRC. ... Flashback: Rove Erases 22 Million White House Emails on Private Server at Height of U.S. Attorney Scandal - Media Yawns. ... So the GOP had made or suggested every SCOTUS appointment from 1968 to 2009 essentially picking every Justice on the 2009 ...
Heart rate did not differ among the dogs regardless of which person was yawning, which suggests contagious yawning in dogs is ... Dogs yawned contagiously when exposed to people yawning and that they yawned more when the yawn was familiar than unfamiliar ... People engage in contagious yawning as well as yawns that are associated with stress and tiredness. Yawning also helps keep the ... However, other studies on yawning in dogs suggest something different.. How many times have you told someone, "Hey, dont do ...
Survey suggests Berlin artists face poverty, meagre pensions and a yawning gender pay gap. by Jack Hutchinson ...
A number of theories regarding the genesis of yawning have been presented over the years. Some evidence suggests that yawning ... Yawning likewise appears to have a feedback component: if you stifle or prevent a yawn, the process is somewhat unsatisfying. ... As for the etiology of yawning, for many years it was thought that yawns served to bring in more air because low oxygen levels ... You are correct in thinking that yawns are catching. Seeing, hearing or thinking about yawning can trigger the event, but there ...
Yawning was distinguished from non-yawning in terms of the length of time it took to reach the apex of the mouth stretch, with ... For both yawns and simple mouth openings a smooth varying age effect was significant. The number of yawns observed declined ... Gender was not significant either for yawn and simple mouth openings. Conclusions/Significance Yawning can be reliably ... To assess changes in frequency, a Poisson mixed effects model was fitted to the count of number of yawn and simple mouth ...
What does yawning say about you and your body? Well tell you why it happens, what it says about empathy, and how to stop ... There are many theories behind why we yawn. Recent studies and research suggest its a way our body regulates brain temperature ... Is yawning contagious?. Yawning is definitely contagious. Even videos of people doing it can trigger a yawning session. Try ... Yawning helps to cool your brain down from that clotting.. Another reason you may yawn is because the body wants to wake itself ...
In particular, previous research suggests that yawning is an adaptation to enhance intracranial circulation and brain cooling [ ... 2007 Yawning as a brain cooling mechanism: nasal breathing and forehead cooling diminish the incidence of contagious yawning. ... 2014 Different yawns, different functions? Testing social hypotheses on spontaneous yawning in Theropithecus gelada. Sci. Rep. ... 2005 Yawning: the yawn is primal, unstoppable and contagious, revealing the evolutionary and neural basis of empathy and ...
"To-morrow lets go down and see the old house," suggested Alix, "I guess its in pretty bad shape, for we couldnt rent it. At ... "But I dont know--money doesnt buy you much!" she yawned. "Perhaps Ill go to some Old Ladies Home, and give each of the old ... "Lets just try to get each others point of view!" she suggested. "The idea is that Uncle Lee wanted all his girls to inherit ... "Their families would immediately remove them, for the revenue," Peter suggested. He was grinning at her; he felt suddenly the ...
... suggesting that the dogs copied not just the yawn, but also the physical state that yawns typically reflect. Excessive yawning ... yawning is often triggered by others yawning (e.g. seeing a person yawning, talking to someone on the phone who is yawning) and ... At least one study suggests that yawning, especially psychological "contagious" yawning, may have developed as a way of keeping ... The yawn reflex has long been observed to be contagious. In 1508, Erasmus wrote, "One mans yawning makes another yawn", and ...
It even suggests that parents yawn here and there while reading it. ... She suggests parents practice reading the book a couple of times and then make it part of their routine. "You know, so the ...
Todays definition was suggested by remistram and Pseudonym. Were you two talking to each other when this idea popped into your ... They yawned widely, texted under their desks and fell asleep. Pity. Etymology: gape: open ones mouth wide; yawn + apathy: ... Pronunciation: yawn-duhm. Sentence: Cecils yawndom got the better of him and duct taped a pillow to his head in case he ... She yawned and sighed and acted as though she were in Sighborespace. Guys like Jim T. Kirk hover in their own orbit, so he did ...
Wouldnt suggest it, but other commenters are spot on with stories of 150mg a day. I dont recommend taking a lot of Effexor at ... Effexor XR - Does the yawning go away? Why am I so tired and have depressive episodes?. Asked. 18 May 2014 by Sfltally2014. ... The yawning doesnt happen as often but is still present. Ive noticed Im not as energetic as I was the first time around when ... The yawning should go away, but remmber youre taking the effexor xr, which is exteneded release that will stay in your system ...
... but control mouth movements did not elicit yawning from any of them. The presence of contagious yawning in dogs suggests that ... The yawning condition elicited yawns for 21 out of 29 dogs (one example is shown in figure 1), and no dogs yawned in the ... The high yawning rate may be due to displaying live acted yawns rather than video-recorded yawns that have been used in some ... Contagious yawning (i.e. yawning triggered by perceiving others yawning) is a well-documented phenomenon (e.g. Moore 1942; ...
HumansEmpathyChimpanzeesBoredomExcessiveAlertnessArousalFetalHypothesisHuman yawnsTirednessResearchersBehaviorFetuses do not yawnMovementsWombSusceptibilityLikely to yawnPropensity for contagiousProvineControlled by several neurotransmittersPhysiologicalVertebratesInvoluntarilyFrequency of yawnsMammalsTriggerCarbon dioxideHealthy fetusesTheoriesBrainsOne'sBabies yawnSleepinessBody temperatureScientistsPeople yawnPhysiologyContagionResearcherSleepyImitateDopamineInterspeciesSpeciesOxygenStifleSusceptibleTemperatureExcessivelyNeurotransmittersContagious natureInducesOscitationStudyOccursReflexChimpsResearchBirdsPrimates
- Grown chimpanzees can't resist the power of a yawn, even if it comes from humans. (q13fox.com)
- She found that only the grown chimps appear to develop a contagion for yawning, just as humans do. (q13fox.com)
- Madsen has done the same experiments with dogs, and found young pups were oblivious, while their elders show the same contagion to yawning that is common among humans. (q13fox.com)
- Turns out that humans aren't the only animals that contagiously yawn. (kuow.org)
- What they did find were several studies that show yawning is highly contagious among humans, suggesting that "yawns might have a social and communicative function," Guggisberg said in an e-mail. (kuow.org)
- Contagious yawning may have evolved in early humans to boost social bonding, according to Provine. (kuow.org)
- Until the last few years, the feeling was that contagious yawning was unique to humans," Provine says. (kuow.org)
- New research, this time on humans iii , also showed that more people yawned when it was winter compared to when it was summer (45 percent versus 24 percent, respectively), which supports Gallup's theory that people should yawn more in cold weather because the cool air you inhale helps regulate your brain temperature. (lewrockwell.com)
- It's known, for instance, that yawning is contagious among humans, chimps and even dogs, a behavior that is thought to indicate a capacity for empathy vi . (lewrockwell.com)
- If this is the case, yawning in humans is most likely vestigial and an evolutionarily ancient mechanism that has lost its significance. (scientificamerican.com)
- ACTH, for one, surges at night and prior to awakening, and induces yawning and stretching behavior in humans. (scientificamerican.com)
- According to Provine human are unique because in contrast to other species, for example rats, where males yawn more frequently than females , in humans both sexes yawn equally often. (plos.org)
- Although early research examined average yawn duration in humans (approx. (royalsocietypublishing.org)
- Using this list, one researcher attempted to find up to a dozen individuals yawning from each mammalian taxa (though this number was only achieved for humans) by using openly accessible video clips from the Internet. (royalsocietypublishing.org)
- In humans, yawning is often triggered by others yawning (e.g. seeing a person yawning, talking to someone on the phone who is yawning) and is a typical example of positive feedback. (wikipedia.org)
- Yawning is sometimes accompanied, both in humans and animals, by an instinctive act of stretching several parts of the body, including arms, neck, shoulders and back. (wikipedia.org)
- Play media There are a number of theories that attempt to explain why humans and other animals yawn. (wikipedia.org)
- Understanding the mechanism as well as the function of contagious yawning between humans and dogs requires more detailed investigation. (royalsocietypublishing.org)
- Therefore, there is the potential that dogs may also have developed the capacity for empathy towards humans, and may catch human yawns. (royalsocietypublishing.org)
- In humans, yawning has an infectious quality (i.e., seeing a person yawning) or just thinking of yawning, can trigger yawning which is a typical example of positive feedback . (artandpopularculture.com)
- We humans are not the only primates that yawn. (examiner.net)
- Aside from humans, cross-species yawn contagion has previously only been demonstrated in dogs. (healthcanal.com)
- Previous research, on adult humans, chimpanzees, bonobos, baboons and dogs, has suggested that contagious yawning may be used as a measure of empathy, that is, the ability to feel or imagine others' emotional experiences. (healthcanal.com)
- Humans also show a developmental increase in susceptibility to yawn contagion, with children seemingly beginning to yawn contagiously around the age of four. (healthcanal.com)
- The present study suggests that juvenile chimpanzees generalise their yawn responses to humans, irrespective of familiarity and attachment history. (healthcanal.com)
- That is, whether chimpanzees may apply 'targeted empathy' to interactions with members of their own species - and selectively catch yawns from familiar chimpanzees - while they apply a more generalised form of empathy to interactions with humans. (healthcanal.com)
- The research, presented at the British Association's Festival of Science in York, suggests that while almost all animals with a backbone yawn, the reflex is only infectious among humans, chimpanzees and some monkeys, and contagious yawning is thought to have evolved as a means of social communication. (medindia.net)
- In humans, yawning is still widely believed to increase oxygen levels in the blood and eliminate excess carbon dioxide, but this theory was ruled out as far back as the 1980s. (reuters.com)
- Yawning when hungry is thought to support this theory although, unlike lions and other carnivores, humans no longer need heightened instincts to hunt down their prey. (reuters.com)
- What is certain is that yawning is catching, Walusinski said, and this has been linked to empathy in humans. (reuters.com)
- A Dutch researcher has also suggested a link between yawning and sexuality in humans, based on circumstantial evidence such as representations of yawning in literature and the visual arts. (reuters.com)
- Scientists now believe that humans yawn as a way to cool down our brains. (techspot.com)
- And it's not just humans who have a propensity for contagious yawning -- chimpanzees and dogs do it too. (eurekalert.org)
- A study led by Andrew Gallup, a postdoctoral research associate in Princeton University's Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology , is the first involving humans to show that yawning frequency varies with the season and that people are less likely to yawn when the heat outdoors exceeds body temperature. (princeton.edu)
- To test this theory in humans, I worked with Omar Eldakar to conduct a field-observational experiment that explored the relationship between ambient temperature and yawning frequency. (princeton.edu)
- In humans, yawning has a slew of known functions, including clearing our ears, making our eyes tear, inflating our lungs with air, and signaling to others that we're tired or bored. (popsci.com)
- Although yawning is common in humans and higher animals, it still isn't fully understood. (reference.com)
- Gallup has been testing his hypothesis at Princeton University by recording brain and body temperature changes in rats and humans before, during and after yawning. (reference.com)
- It's also a mystery why many animals - including humans, monkeys, wolves, dogs and even parakeets - engage in another socially contagious behavior: yawning. (livescience.com)
- Yawning is a phylogenetically old, stereotyped event that happens under different conditions alone or associated with stretching and/or penile erection with a low frequency in humans, in animals from reptiles to birds and mammals [ 1 ]. (alliedacademies.org)
- Yawning is also contagious, as it can be also evoked in humans or non-human primates by a yawn produced by another subject of the same species. (alliedacademies.org)
- A number of studies have tied this catching nature of yawns to empathy, says Decker. (huffingtonpost.com)
- This study , by Matthew Campbell and Frans de Waa l , supports the theory that yawning plays a role in the evolution of social bonding and empathy. (kuow.org)
- contagious yawning is a primitive expression of social cognition, namely empathy. (lewrockwell.com)
- Contagious yawning in people associated with empathy is a myth, at least in part, according to new research. (emaxhealth.com)
- Although you may yawn after seeing another person do the same thing, Duke University investigators report that contagious yawning is not strongly linked with empathy, your energy level, or how tired you feel. (emaxhealth.com)
- According to several studies, dogs yawn out of empathy with their two-legged companions. (emaxhealth.com)
- In this study, the authors hoped to discriminate between empathy and distress as the reason why dogs yawned. (emaxhealth.com)
- Therefore the authors concluded contagious yawning in dogs "may indicate that rudimentary forms of empathy could be present in domesticated dogs. (emaxhealth.com)
- Empathy in relation to contagious yawning in people seems to be less significant than it does in dogs, but then again, there's much we don't yet know about this extremely common behavior. (emaxhealth.com)
- Individual variation in contagious yawning susceptibility is highly stable and largely unexplained by empathy or other known factors. (emaxhealth.com)
- Familiarity bias and physiological responses in contagious yawning by dogs support link to empathy. (emaxhealth.com)
- Keep reading to see what current research suggests yawning says about you, your brain temperature, and your potential for empathy. (healthline.com)
- The results showed that the less empathy a person had, the less likely he or she would yawn after seeing someone else yawn. (healthline.com)
- The presence of contagious yawning in dogs suggests that this phenomenon is not specific to primate species and may indicate that dogs possess the capacity for a rudimentary form of empathy. (royalsocietypublishing.org)
- suggests that it may be related to the capacity for empathy ( Preston & de Waal 2002 ). (royalsocietypublishing.org)
- As a way of examining the role that empathy with the yawner played for contagion, the study also compared the chimpanzees' reactions towards yawns from their human surrogate mother and a stranger. (healthcanal.com)
- Given that contagious yawning may be an empathetic response, the results can also be taken to mean that empathy develops slowly over the first years of a chimpanzee's life. (healthcanal.com)
- Another explanation contends that contagious yawning builds and maintains empathy between yawners. (neatorama.com)
- Current results suggest that contagious yawning is impaired in ASD, which may relate to their impairment in empathy. (gnxp.com)
- It supports the claim that contagious yawning is based on the capacity for empathy. (gnxp.com)
- Brain scans reveal that yawning activates areas responsible for social awareness and feelings of empathy-which may explain why yawns are so contagious: even reading this may cause you to yawn! (blackdoctor.org)
- A new research has found that the act of contagious yawning is all about empathy. (medindia.net)
- Yawning is generally associated with boredom and sleepiness, but according to the University of Leeds research, an inclination to contagious yawning may in fact be a sign of a high-level of how human beings have the ability to put themselves in someone else's shoes or social empathy. (medindia.net)
- We believe that contagious yawning indicates empathy. (medindia.net)
- This suggests that the psychology students were more susceptible to contagious yawning, and scored significantly higher on the empathy test than did the engineering students. (medindia.net)
- Neuroimagery has shown the same parts of the brain light up when we feel empathy as when we "catch" a yawn, while personality tests have shown people with schizophrenia or autism are less likely to be affected. (reuters.com)
- But researchers have found one clue: Social yawning is more likely to happen among friends and family than it is strangers, suggesting that social yawning is tied to empathy, Live Science previously reported . (livescience.com)
- This led to suggest that yawning may be linked to empathy [ 4 - 7 ]. (alliedacademies.org)
- A 2004 study observed the catching nature of yawns between chimpanzees and baboons and macaques. (huffingtonpost.com)
- Adult chimpanzees tended to yawn more readily in response to members of their own group, a study in 2011 found. (q13fox.com)
- When two groups of chimpanzees were shown videos of familiar and unfamiliar chimps yawning, the group watching the chimps they knew engaged in more contagious yawning. (kuow.org)
- Infectious yawning has also been noted in chimpanzees. (artandpopularculture.com)
- While juvenile chimpanzees (5-8 years of age) catch human yawns, infant chimpanzees seem immune to yawn contagion. (healthcanal.com)
- The Lund University research was carried out at Tacugama Chimpanzee Sanctuary in Sierra Leone, where 33 orphaned chimpanzees, aged between 13 months and 8 years, engaged in bouts of playful interaction with a researcher, who repeatedly yawned, gaped (simply opening of mouth without yawning) or wiped her hand over her nose. (healthcanal.com)
- While younger chimpanzees did not respond to yawning, chimpanzees above 5 years of age yawned contagiously - that is, they yawned more in the yawning context than in any of the other ones. (healthcanal.com)
- Contrary to prediction, there was no difference in the likelihood of yawning when engaging with an unfamiliar person from someone with whom the chimpanzees had a close relationship. (healthcanal.com)
- In contrast, previous research on adult chimpanzees has shown that contagious yawning is targeted mostly towards familiar individuals. (healthcanal.com)
- This research on adult individuals has, however, been conducted on chimpanzees that have seen other chimpanzees yawn, and furthermore only on video. (healthcanal.com)
- Yawning does seem to increase with boredom , at least according to a small 1986 study of college students who yawned more when shown a pattern of colors than when shown a 30-minute rock video. (huffingtonpost.com)
- Boredom, sleepiness, hunger, anxiety and stress - all cause changes in brain chemistry, which can trigger a spontaneous yawn. (kuow.org)
- PROVINE: There are many causes for yawning, such as boredom, sleepiness. (kuow.org)
- Yawning is usually associated with boredom or being tired, but new research suggests there's far more to this behavior than meets the eye. (lewrockwell.com)
- Feelings of tiredness, boredom, and stress tend to make people yawn more. (healthline.com)
- Though considered a mark of boredom or fatigue, yawning might also be a trait of the hot-headed. (princeton.edu)
- It isn't usually the first symptom of anything serious, but excessive yawning can in some instances signal there's something wrong beyond severe sleep deprivation. (huffingtonpost.com)
- In some people, excessive yawning could be a reaction caused by the vagus nerve, according to the National Institutes of Health, which could indicate a heart problem . (huffingtonpost.com)
- This finding is in line with previous research that shows brain temperatures increase when you're sleep deprived, which may be one reason why exhaustion triggers excessive yawning. (lewrockwell.com)
- Gallup also suggests that excessive yawning may even be a symptom of health conditions that increase brain and/or core temperature, such as central nervous system damage. (lewrockwell.com)
- Excessive yawning may also stem from taking in too much caffeine and going through an opiate detox. (healthline.com)
- After twenty minutes of listening to her boss drone on and on, gappage over took Abby and she couldn't control her excessive yawning. (verbotomy.com)
- With added blood sugar insights the excessive yawning vanished except during times of extreme fatigue. (breathing.com)
- BREATHING CHEMISTRY and its relationship to excessive yawning may be greatly influenced by blood sugar swings as in hypoglycemia and diabetes. (breathing.com)
- It is advisable to avoid resting your chin on the hands, extreme jaw movements, excessive chewing and yawning. (selfgrowth.com)
- few days i also had the excessive yawning for every hr ..please suggest me what would be the cause. (medhelp.org)
- We hypothesise that excessive yawning is a consequence of lesions in cortical or subcortical areas, which physiologically control diencephalic yawning centres. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
- 5 , 6 However, more than 3 yawns per 15 min appears to be a reasonable cut‐off between "physiological" and "excessive" yawning. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
- For social animals, then, a collective yawn could be nature's way of making sure everyone's brain is at the same level of alertness. (q13fox.com)
- Studies have shown that we yawn when we are fatigued, as well as when we are awakening, and during other times when the state of alertness is changing. (scientificamerican.com)
- Anecdotal evidence suggests that yawning helps increase the state of alertness of a person. (wikipedia.org)
- Anecdotal evidence suggests that yawning helps increase the state of alertness of a person-paratroopers have been noted to yawn in the moments before they exit the aircraft. (artandpopularculture.com)
- She added that yawning, which is often related to tiredness, may have evolved as a way of improving alertness in social groups. (medindia.net)
- Scientists have also proposed that yawning cools the brain and enhances alertness. (popsci.com)
- Studies suggest that yawning helps cool the brain and improves alertness and mental efficiency. (thehopeline.com)
- Hypotheses that it is due to fatigue or oxygen deprivation have not held up to testing, but Andrew Gallup's 2007 hypothesis that yawning promotes alertness by cooling the brain is faring better. (reference.com)
- This supported the brain cooling hypothesis and led the SUNY researchers to believe that yawning in response to yawns by others may have evolved as a means of maintaining group alertness. (reference.com)
- Guggisberg and fellow researchers reviewed several theories of yawning and concluded that the arousal theory lacks evidence. (kuow.org)
- Yawning has even been associated with arousal viii or a change of state, such as going from being alert to sleepy or vice versa, according to Dr. Robert Provine ix , a neuroscientist at the University of Maryland. (lewrockwell.com)
- Another theory which potentially explains fetal yawning suggests that yawning is related to central nervous system (CNS) arousal modulation and hence related to waking motility patterns . (plos.org)
- Research indicates that the motor action pattern of yawning functions to promote cortical arousal and state change through enhanced intracranial circulation and brain cooling. (royalsocietypublishing.org)
- Since yawning is known to modulate the levels of arousal, yawn contagion may help coordinate dog-human interaction and communication. (royalsocietypublishing.org)
- Higher brain temperature corresponds to decreased arousal, so a spontaneous yawn will perk you up. (examiner.net)
- parachutists have been seen to do it before a jump, and research has even suggested a link between yawning and sexual arousal. (reuters.com)
- Yawning occurs associated with increased electroencephalographic activity of the cortex, it has been also suggested that yawning is an ancestral vestige survived through evolution that occurs when attention is low and arousal needs to be increased [ 3 ]. (alliedacademies.org)
- Furthermore there is no developmental account of fetal yawning compared with simple mouth opening. (plos.org)
- The aim of the present study was to establish in a repeated measures design the development of fetal yawning compared with simple mouth opening. (plos.org)
- Yawning can be reliably distinguished from other forms of mouth opening with the potential of using yawning as an index of fetal healthy development. (plos.org)
- There is however, a lack of research on fetal yawning. (plos.org)
- Contagious yawning however cannot be the reason for fetal yawning. (plos.org)
- Although the function and importance of yawning is still unknown, the study findings suggest that yawning could be linked to fetal development, and as such could provide a further medical indication of the health of the unborn baby. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Lead researcher, Dr Nadja Reissland, of Durham University's Department of Psychology, said: "The results of this study demonstrate that yawning can be observed in healthy fetuses and extends previous work on fetal yawning. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Our longitudinal study shows that yawning declines with increasing fetal age. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Nadja Reissland of Durham University's department of Psychology, who led the study, said the function and importance of yawning in fetuses is still unknown, but the findings suggest it may be linked to fetal development and could provide a further indication of the health of the unborn baby. (nbcnews.com)
- So Nadja Reissland , a researcher at the University of Durham in the United Kingdom, used a more detailed ultrasound technique to get images of fetal faces that could distinguish a true yawn from just an open mouth. (kacu.org)
- Reissland believes that fetal yawning may somehow help trigger brain maturation, by acting as a kind of self-stimulation for the developing fetus. (kacu.org)
- A study in Animal Behavior i explains the hypothesis that "yawning serves as a thermoregulatory mechanism that occurs in response to increases in brain and/or body temperature. (lewrockwell.com)
- The brain-cooling hypothesis further stipulates that, as ambient temperature increases and approaches (but does not exceed) body temperature, yawning should increase as a consequence. (lewrockwell.com)
- Another hypothesis is that we yawn because we are tired or bored. (scientificamerican.com)
- A similar hypothesis is that yawning is used for regulation of body temperature. (wikipedia.org)
- Still another hypothesis is that yawns are caused by the same chemicals (neurotransmitters) in the brain that affect emotions, mood, appetite, and other phenomena. (wikipedia.org)
- Enter the brain cooling, or thermoregulatory, hypothesis, which proposes that yawning is triggered by increases in brain temperature, and that the physiological consequences of a yawn act to promote brain cooling. (princeton.edu)
- According to the brain cooling hypothesis, it is the temperature of the ambient air that gives a yawn its utility. (princeton.edu)
- A current hypothesis claims that activation of oxytocinergic neurons of the PVN projecting to extrahypothalamic regions, including the hippocampus, pons and the medulla oblongata, elicits yawning. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
- It could be that yawning is something which you need in order to have a functioning brain, which is a hypothesis," she says, adding that she would like to compare yawning in healthy fetuses, like the ones she studied, with yawning in fetuses that have medical conditions. (kacu.org)
- This study is the first to demonstrate that human yawns are possibly contagious to domestic dogs ( Canis familiaris ). (royalsocietypublishing.org)
- People engage in contagious yawning as well as yawns that are associated with stress and tiredness. (emaxhealth.com)
- Although not fully understood, yawning appears to be not only a sign of tiredness but also a much more general sign of changing conditions within the body. (scientificamerican.com)
- Yawning is normal, and usually due to drowsiness or tiredness. (healthtap.com)
- Restriction to patients with a defined symptom onset shorter than 12 h prior to admission was chosen to minimise secondary reasons for an increased yawning frequency, such as tiredness associated with the sudden disturbance of the daily routine or space occupying cerebral oedema compromising blood flow in vascular territories other than the primarily affected. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
- But unlike sleep apnea or laptops in the bedroom , yawning is an aspect of sleep that researchers haven't quite figured out just yet. (huffingtonpost.com)
- Researchers discovered that the closer you are to someone genetically or emotionally, the more likely it is that you'll 'catch' their yawn," HuffPost Science reported. (huffingtonpost.com)
- While researchers have previously disputed imagery of open-mouth fetuses, a 2012 review of 4D scans was able to distinguish between a developing baby opening its mouth and a "non-yawn mouth opening," HuffPost Science reported. (huffingtonpost.com)
- But not all yawn researchers agree with this theory. (kuow.org)
- In fact, the researchers discovered that age seems to beat these other factors when it comes to contagious yawning. (emaxhealth.com)
- In 2007, researchers including a professor of psychology from the University of Albany proposed that yawning may be a means to keep the brain cool. (wikipedia.org)
- While some researchers have suggested that fetuses yawn, others have disagreed and claim it is simple mouth opening. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- The researchers found that yawning declined from 28 weeks and that there was no significant difference between boys and girls in yawning frequency. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- The researchers went through the images frame by frame and counted the yawns and other movements made by the babies. (neatorama.com)
- especially now that researchers are suggesting that losing out on sleep-even for one night-can cause brain damage. (glamour.com)
- The researchers concluded that warmer temperatures provide no relief for overheated brains, which, according to the thermoregulatory theory of yawning, stay cool via a heat exchange with the air drawn in during a yawn. (princeton.edu)
- People yawn less frequently when outdoor temperatures exceed body temperature, suggesting that yawning could be a natural brain-cooling mechanism, Princeton University and University of Arizona researchers reported. (princeton.edu)
- Despite numerous theories posited in the past few decades, very little experimental research has been done to uncover the biological function of yawning, and there is still no consensus about its purpose among the dozen or so researchers studying the topic today. (princeton.edu)
- Yawning prevents sleep by sending cooled blood to the brain, according to researchers at Princeton, the University of Maryland School of Dentistry and the State University of New York. (reference.com)
- In separate work, the SUNY researchers found that breathing through the nose or holding a cold pack to the forehead eliminate yawning triggered by social cues. (reference.com)
- Researchers who studied 4D scans of 15 healthy fetuses also said they think yawning is a developmental process which could potentially give doctors a new way to check on a baby's health. (nbcnews.com)
- But writing in the journal PLOS ONE on Wednesday, British researchers said their study was able to clearly distinguish yawning from "non-yawn mouth opening" based on how long the mouth was open. (nbcnews.com)
- Yawning may have the dubious distinction of being the least understood common human behavior," Provine says. (kuow.org)
- Yawning is common animal behavior. (kuow.org)
- published in Physiology & Behavior looked at the yawning habits of 120 people and found that yawning occurred less during the winter. (healthline.com)
- Just as watching someone yawn can induce the behavior in yourself, recent evidence suggests that laughter is a social cue for mimicry. (livescience.com)
- Now a French family doctor, Olivier Walusinski, has published what is billed as the first ever textbook on the subject, "The Mystery of Yawning in Physiology and Disease" -- a collection of the latest research on this baffling and uncontrollable behavior. (reuters.com)
- In Curious Behavior: Yawning, Laughing, Hiccupping, and Beyond , which published last week, Robert R. Provine, a professor of psychology and neuroscience at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County sets out to answer some of biology's burning questions: Why are yawns contagious? (popsci.com)
- However, others disagree arguing that fetuses do not yawn because they feel sleepy" [11 p: (plos.org)
- Unlike us, fetuses do not yawn contagiously, nor do they yawn because they are sleepy. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- All the dogs were exposed to both yawns and controlled mouth movements by their owner and a stranger. (emaxhealth.com)
- Even though the relationship between the neural network of mouth, tongue and respiratory movements is not well understood, some research suggests that the function of yawning in fetuses might lie in activity-dependent brain maturation . (plos.org)
- Roodenburg, Wladimiroff, van Es, & Prechtl observed 9 fetuses in 2D imaging who only occasionally yawned but they were able to ascertain that jaw movements increased up to 28 weeks and then declined. (plos.org)
- Twenty-nine dogs observed a human yawning or making control mouth movements. (royalsocietypublishing.org)
- Twenty-one dogs yawned when they observed a human yawning, but control mouth movements did not elicit yawning from any of them. (royalsocietypublishing.org)
- In the current study, dogs observed a human experimenter yawning (yawning condition) or demonstrating non-yawning mouth movements (control condition). (royalsocietypublishing.org)
- Over 58 scans, the team recorded 56 yawns and 27 other mouth movements. (neatorama.com)
- Yawns can be distinguished from other movements because a yawning mouth opens more slowly than it closes. (neatorama.com)
- Twenty-four children with ASD as well as 25 age-matched typically developing (TD) children observed video clips of either yawning or control mouth movements. (gnxp.com)
- Avoid loud singing, gum chewing, wide yawning or other extreme jaw movements. (healthywomen.org)
- And Reissland says one study showed that babies don't imitate their mother's yawns, even though babies do imitate mouth movements such as smiles and pursed lips. (kacu.org)
- How is it possible that these babies can imitate mouth movements, but they don't imitate the yawning? (kacu.org)
- Instead, the frequency of yawning in the womb may be linked to the maturing of the brain early in gestation. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Well, it's nice and warm in the womb, so you'd forgive the baby if it yawns. (neatorama.com)
- What is known is that the average human will yawn around 250,000 times over the course of his life, and that babies in the womb do it from as early as 12-14 weeks, suggesting it plays an important neurophysiological role. (reuters.com)
- Fetuses yawn in the womb, and the act could function in them to sculpt the hinge of their jaws or to help develop their lungs. (popsci.com)
- A 4D ultrasound scan shows a foetus yawning in the womb at 24 weeks, during a study by Durham and Lancaster Universities and released in Durham, northern England November 21, 2012. (nbcnews.com)
- Growing into a fully formed human being is a long process, and scientists have found that unborn babies not only hiccup, swallow and stretch in the womb, they yawn too. (nbcnews.com)
- But yawning starts in the womb. (kacu.org)
- Susceptibility to contagious yawning is correlated with the speed in recognizing one's own face, theory of mind processing, and is also associated with activation in regions of the brain that have been associated with social cognitive processes. (lewrockwell.com)
- The study found that people were more likely to yawn during the winter , when the exterior air is obviously cooler, than in the summer, when yawns won't do much in terms of bringing cold air inside, Healthy Living reported. (huffingtonpost.com)
- They found that participants were more likely to yawn in the winter, as opposed to the summer when ambient temperatures were equal to or exceeding body temperature. (princeton.edu)
- New research that suggests the human propensity for contagious yawning is triggered automatically by primitive reflexes in the primary motor cortex - an area of the brain responsible for motor function. (nottingham.ac.uk)
- Importantly, they have discovered that the urge to yawn -- our propensity for contagious yawning -- is individual to each one of us. (eurekalert.org)
- Using electrical stimulation we were able to increase excitability and in doing so increase the propensity for contagious yawning. (eurekalert.org)
- TMS was used to quantify motor cortical excitability and physiological inhibition for each participant and predict the propensity for contagious yawning across all the volunteers. (eurekalert.org)
- The TMS measures proved to be significant predictors of contagious yawning and demonstrated that each individuals's propensity for contagious yawning is determined by cortical excitability and physiological inhibiton of the primary motor cortext. (eurekalert.org)
- There's still no consensus on the purpose of a yawn, says Robert Provine , professor of psychology and neuroscience at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County. (kuow.org)
- Provine has studied what he calls "yawn science" since the early 1980s, and he's published dozens of research articles on it. (kuow.org)
- Yawning] stirs up our physiology and it plays an important role in shifting from one state to another," Provine says. (kuow.org)
- When violinists get ready to go on stage to play a concerto, they often yawn, says Provine. (kuow.org)
- TRUDEAU: Provine has studied what he calls yawn science since the early 1980s, publishing dozens of research articles on it. (kuow.org)
- But, says Provine, there's still no consensus on the purpose of a yawn. (kuow.org)
- Provine suggests that yawns are so infectious that simply thinking or reading about yawning results in a yawn in around 60% of observations . (plos.org)
- And as for contagious yawning -- "catching" a yawn from someone else -- Provine and others believe this familiar phenomenon synchronizes human groups. (popsci.com)
- Yawning is controlled by several neurotransmitters and neuropeptides [ 14 ] and has been linked with numerous neurological diseases and clinical conditions [ 15 - 16 ]. (royalsocietypublishing.org)
- The yawning becomes more of a social phenomenon than a physiological phenomenon," he says, and helps explain why we yawn when we're not tired. (huffingtonpost.com)
- Another theory for why we yawn revolves around its social, rather than its physiological, effects. (lewrockwell.com)
- He said: "We suggest that these findings may be particularly important in understanding further the association between motor excitability and the occurrence of echophenomena in a wide range of clinical conditions that have been linked to increased cortical excitability and/or decreased physiological inhibition such as epilepsy, dementia, autism, and Tourette syndrome. (eurekalert.org)
- We know that all vertebrates, critters with backbones, yawn spontaneously. (kuow.org)
- Nonetheless, the relative ubiquity of this response in vertebrates suggests it is an evolutionarily conserved behaviour that holds basic and important adaptive value. (royalsocietypublishing.org)
- Ethologists agree that most vertebrates yawn. (breathing.com)
- Contagious yawning is triggered involuntarily when we observe another person yawn -- it is a common form of echophenomena -- the automatic imitation of another's words (echolalia) or actions (echopraxia). (eurekalert.org)
- Indeed, previous research by Andrew C. Gallup, PhD, now a postdoctoral research associate at Princeton University, and colleagues revealed that frequency of yawns more than doubled ii among parakeets when their ambient temperature increased. (lewrockwell.com)
- Yawning video clips elicited more yawns in TD children than in children with ASD, but the frequency of yawns did not differ between groups when they observed control video clips. (gnxp.com)
- For now it's safe to say there's much more to be discovered about exactly why virtually all mammals yawn, but in the event you feel you yawn excessively, be aware that it could have physiologic implications. (lewrockwell.com)
- Consistent with these effects, primates tend to have longer and more variable yawn durations compared with other mammals. (royalsocietypublishing.org)
- Yawn-like mandibular gaping patterns have been identified across vertebrate classes [ 2 ], though it remains unknown whether the jaw stretching observed in fish, amphibians and reptiles functions in the same way as yawns in birds and mammals [ 3 ]. (royalsocietypublishing.org)
- Based on previous research supporting a neurophysiological function to yawning, we hypothesized that mammals with larger brains would yawn longer, even when controlling for body size, and that yawn duration would correlate with number of cortical neurons. (royalsocietypublishing.org)
- Yawning is morphologically similar in reptiles, birds, mammals and fishes. (breathing.com)
- about yawning can trigger one (did we get you yet? (huffingtonpost.com)
- Looking at yawns, hearing yawns, thinking about yawns or talking about yawns will likely trigger a contagious response. (kuow.org)
- A stranger's yawn is less likely to trigger a contagious response. (kuow.org)
- Seeing, hearing or thinking about yawning can trigger the event, but there is little understanding of why it is contagious. (scientificamerican.com)
- Even videos of people doing it can trigger a yawning session. (healthline.com)
- None of them have been entirely substantiated, but there are two that many scientists now believe are likely contenders to be the primary trigger for animal yawns. (artandpopularculture.com)
- Oddly, yawns in babies and animals do not seem to trigger contagious yawning in adults. (chicagotribune.com)
- One study states that yawning occurs when one's blood contains increased amounts of carbon dioxide and therefore becomes in need of the influx of oxygen (or expulsion of carbon dioxide) that a yawn can provide. (wikipedia.org)
- However, neither providing more oxygen nor reducing carbon dioxide in air decreased yawning. (wikipedia.org)
- The first states that yawning occurs when one's blood contains increased amounts of carbon dioxide and, therefore, becomes in need of the influx of oxygen that a yawn can provide. (artandpopularculture.com)
- The oxygen and carbon dioxide relationship in the blood plasma is being challenged by the observation that even fish and fetuses yawn. (breathing.com)
- Historically the most common theory has been that we yawn to regulate oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in our blood. (examiner.net)
- Eventually, carbon dioxide-sensitive nerve cells in the brain`s respiration center demand a yawn as a means to restore normal breathing. (chicagotribune.com)
- Contrary to popular belief, however, we don't yawn because of too much carbon dioxide or too little oxygen coursing through our brains or our blood. (popsci.com)
- Dear Mr. T.: Some suggest a yawn is a reflex to rid the body of carbon dioxide and to supply the blood with more oxygen so the brain stays alert. (sun-sentinel.com)
- The 4D scans of 15 healthy fetuses, by Durham and Lancaster Universities, also suggest that yawning is a developmental process which could potentially give doctors another index of a fetus' health. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Given that the frequency of yawning in our sample of healthy fetuses declined from 28 weeks to 36 weeks gestation, it seems to suggest that yawning and simple mouth opening have this maturational function early in gestation. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- There's little research to support any of a number of theories as to why we yawn. (huffingtonpost.com)
- There are a number of theories out there for why we yawn, but one of the most compelling is being explored by a Princeton University researcher and his colleagues, whose studies suggest yawning performs the important function of cooling your brain. (lewrockwell.com)
- A number of theories regarding the genesis of yawning have been presented over the years. (scientificamerican.com)
- There are many theories as to why people yawn. (healthline.com)
- There are many theories behind why we yawn. (healthline.com)
- However, there are comparatively few theories that attempt to explain the primary evolutionary reason for the yawn. (wikipedia.org)
- The second notion, which has become the most widely accepted among the theories, states that yawning is the body's way if controlling brain temperature. (artandpopularculture.com)
- Theories about why we yawn are as common as grumpy toddlers at nap time, but two explanations seem plausible after experimental tests. (neatorama.com)
- There are a number of theories, but there's no formal proof as yet of why we yawn," Walusinski told Reuters. (reuters.com)
- New thinking, supported by recent research, suggests that we yawn to lower the temperature of our brains. (examiner.net)
- It appears we spontaneously yawn to cool our brains and we contagiously yawn because we imitate our social environment. (examiner.net)
- But if yawns are our brains' way of kick-starting their efficiency, why is yawning contagious? (neatorama.com)
- v. , To yawn or sigh repeatedly in an effort to subtly communicate one's lack of interest in the current conversation. (verbotomy.com)
- In contrast to Dr. Walusinski quoting another researcher that there is no proof of the CO2 and O2 relationship with yawning, I have observed that "restoration of one's energy balance" does not work well if the body can not get enough oxygen (altitude trainers/competitors ALERT). (breathing.com)
- And while babies yawn spontaneously, children don't engage in contagious yawning until about age 4 - around the same time they're becoming more socially connected. (kuow.org)
- 3. Unborn babies yawn. (examiner.net)
- Studies suggest that yawning helps regulate brain temperature, including mild site-specific increases associated with sleepiness. (q13fox.com)
- As ambient air temperature nears or exceeds body temperature, yawning is less frequent because the air is not likely to cool. (examiner.net)
- Thus yawning should be counterproductive -- and therefore suppressed -- in ambient temperatures at or exceeding body temperature because taking a deep inhalation of air would not promote cooling. (princeton.edu)
- The question as to why we yawn has vexed scientists for centuries. (examiner.net)
- When the scientists analysed the images they found similar yawning rates in boys and girls. (neatorama.com)
- The scientists recorded how often the students yawned in response. (medindia.net)
- Along the way, the rover has detected what scientists say are surprising levels of zinc and germanium, which suggests that there was hydrothermal activity in the region billions of years ago. (cbc.ca)
- New research led by a team of Canadian scientists suggests that a large area on Mars not only once contained water, but had other conditions that would have allowed microbes to thrive. (cbc.ca)
- While some scientists have previously suggested that fetuses yawn, others disagree and say it is nothing more than a developing baby opening and stretching its mouth. (nbcnews.com)
- Past studies have used ultrasound images to show fetuses yawning, but some scientists have argued that real yawns were getting confused with fetuses simply opening their mouths. (kacu.org)
- This provides additional support for the view that the mechanisms controlling the expression of yawning are involved in thermoregulatory physiology. (princeton.edu)
- Contagious yawns propagating through a population drive a correlated ripple of physiology and emotion, transforming group members into a collective super-organism," he writes. (popsci.com)
- Previous yawn studies only examined contagion from other adult chimps, she noted. (q13fox.com)
- Each student was shown to an occupied waiting room where their companion was actually a researcher who yawned 10 times in 10 minutes. (medindia.net)
- In the light of many believing that yawning is only a sign of fatigue, I have observed many clients yawning throughout our breathing development session only to find that they were soon energized instead of relaxed or sleepy. (breathing.com)
- Instead, the fact we yawn when we're sleepy or bored has led recent research to suggest it is used to increase vigilance. (reuters.com)
- Very young chimps didn't imitate the yawns or control gestures - gaping and nose wiping - made by Madsen and the chimps' caretaker at the sanctuary. (q13fox.com)
- It contains a number of chemical messengers that can induce yawns, including dopamine, glycine, oxytocin and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). (scientificamerican.com)
- While influenced by several neurotransmitters, yawning is strongly affected by dopamine. (breathing.com)
- While various neurotransmitters (dopamine, acetylcholine, serotonin, gamma‐aminobutyric acid) or hormones (oxytocin, adrenocorticotrophic hormone) as well as nitric oxide have proved to modulate yawning, the exact anatomical structures involved in yawning are still not well characterised. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
- In vitro and in vivo studies in animals suggest that citalopram is a highly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) with minimal effects on norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) neuronal reuptake. (drugs.com)
- Our findings may explain the opiates and dopamine roles on yawning, penile erection and genital grooming behaviors in rat as a model for human studies. (alliedacademies.org)
- In one study , 29 dogs watched a human yawning and 21 of them yawned as well - suggesting that interspecies yawning could help in dog-human communication. (kuow.org)
- Because the magnitude of this response likely corresponds to the degree of neurophysiological change, we hypothesized that interspecies variation in yawn duration would correlate with underlying neurological differences. (royalsocietypublishing.org)
- This suggests that contagious yawning may be an evolutionarily old process that begot a higher level of social cognition in certain species. (lewrockwell.com)
- Naturalistic reports on the frequency of yawning across taxa are quite limited [ 17 , 18 ], and yawns have long been considered a stereotyped action pattern with limited variation in expression within or between species [ 8 ]. (royalsocietypublishing.org)
- Another measure of variability that could be easily catalogued across species is the duration of yawning. (royalsocietypublishing.org)
- Therefore, we hypothesize that differences in yawn duration will correlate with neurological variation between species. (royalsocietypublishing.org)
- Stumptail macaques ( Macaca arctoides ) also yawn in response to observed yawns, although it is unclear whether this behaviour is similar to contagious yawning found in other species or simply reflects stress ( Paukner & Anderson 2006 ). (royalsocietypublishing.org)
- Future research will have to examine whether there might be multiple reasons for yawning in response to others' yawns, and whether these differences apply differently within and between these two species. (healthcanal.com)
- Yawning also helps keep the brain cool and transport more oxygen to the brain. (emaxhealth.com)
- As for the etiology of yawning, for many years it was thought that yawns served to bring in more air because low oxygen levels were sensed in the lungs. (scientificamerican.com)
- Still, low oxygen levels in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus of the brain can induce yawning. (scientificamerican.com)
- One popular theory is that yawning helps your body bring in more oxygen. (healthline.com)
- Yawning may in fact reduce oxygen intake compared to normal respiration. (wikipedia.org)
- Guttmann and Dopart determined that a yawn causes one of three possible situations to occur: the brain cools down due to an influx or outflux of oxygen, the pressure in the brain is reduced by an outflux of oxygen, or the pressure of the brain is increased by an influx of air caused by increased cranial space. (wikipedia.org)
- As I write this I was yawning a great deal (suggestion perhaps but most likely fatigue) and hooked up to my oxygen concentrator and stopped yawning immediately. (breathing.com)
- The act was commonly thought to draw more oxygen into the lungs to make you feel less tired but new research suggests that may not be the case. (techspot.com)
- Others say a yawn opens the lungs' air sacs, allowing more oxygen to get into the blood. (sun-sentinel.com)
- Yawning likewise appears to have a feedback component: if you stifle or prevent a yawn, the process is somewhat unsatisfying. (scientificamerican.com)
- It's something everybody does, including animals, and you shouldn't try to stifle it because when you yawn, it's because your body needs it. (healthline.com)
- But, no matter how hard we try to stifle a yawn, it might change how we yawn but it won't alter our propensity to yawn. (eurekalert.org)
- And dogs not only catch each others' yawns , they are susceptible to human yawning as well. (kuow.org)
- One argument for this is that we tend to be more susceptible to catching yawns from those we are close to. (healthcanal.com)
- That open-mouthed yawn causes sinus walls "to expand and contract like a bellows , pumping air onto the brain, which lowers its temperature," National Geographic reported. (huffingtonpost.com)
- Patients with brain disorders associated with poor temperature regulation also display atypical yawning patterns, studies have shown. (q13fox.com)
- The most scientifically backed theory about why we yawn is brain temperature regulation. (healthline.com)
- Recent studies and research suggest it's a way our body regulates brain temperature. (healthline.com)
- Yawning is most common in summer when temperatures are higher, causing increased body and brain temperature. (examiner.net)
- Likewise, in cooler weather, when body and brain temperature is normal or slightly cooler than normal, there is less need for yawning. (examiner.net)
- The body yawns to decrease temperature. (examiner.net)
- But before you use this excuse in the next boring meeting, it's worth noting that the idea raises a number of questions, such as why we don't yawn more during a fever, and why snakes yawn when they have no temperature regulating mechanism. (reuters.com)
- Gallup and his co-author Omar Eldakar, a postdoctoral fellow in the University of Arizona's Center for Insect Science, report this month in the journal Frontiers in Evolutionary Neuroscience that this seasonal disparity indicates that yawning could serve as a method for regulating brain temperature. (princeton.edu)
- I participated in a study [published in Frontiers in Evolutionary Neuroscience in September that confirmed this dynamic after we observed changes in the brain temperature of rats before and after the animals yawned. (princeton.edu)
- His work shows that temperature spikes before a yawn and drops afterward, suggesting that yawns are triggered by an increase in brain temperature and work to lower that temperature. (reference.com)
- Gary Hack of the University of Maryland School of Dentistry suggests that the mechanism behind this change is that yawning acts to expand and contract the maxillary sinus, pumping cool air to lower the brain's temperature. (reference.com)
- Interestingly, although yawning is a normal function, why it occurs excessively in some patients with brain damage or with multiple sclerosis is unclear. (scientificamerican.com)
- If you feel yourself yawning excessively, try deep breathing exercises through your nose. (healthline.com)
- Conversely, a greater presence in the brain of opioid neurotransmitters such as endorphins reduces the frequency of yawning. (wikipedia.org)
- Neuropharmacological studies revealed that various neurotransmitters and neuropeptides are effective on yawning. (alliedacademies.org)
- Most research on yawning, a movement defined as mouth opening with the jaw dropping, relates to the contagious nature of yawning. (plos.org)
- Interestingly, children are immune from the contagious nature of yawning until around five years of age hence not only yawning frequency but also the social context of yawning, such as contagious yawning, has a developmental component which is as yet unexplained. (plos.org)
- Most studies on yawning have focused on its contagious nature. (kacu.org)
- Acethylcholine induces yawning via the muscarinic receptors of effectors. (breathing.com)
- Yawning (oscitation) most often occurs in adults immediately before and after sleep, during tedious activities and as a result of its contagious quality. (wikipedia.org)
- One study found that when shown videos of yawning, around 50 percent of people also began yawning . (huffingtonpost.com)
- There might not be a scientific study to back this one up, but a number of news outlets peg yawn length at about six seconds . (huffingtonpost.com)
- One study found that yawning has a similar impact on the brain as a dose of caffeine. (kuow.org)
- For that explanation, investigators with this study and from previous research suggest genetics may have a role. (emaxhealth.com)
- Sherer, Smith, & Abramowicz described yawning in a case study at 20 weeks gestation. (plos.org)
- If you did catch a yawn, then according to a study from Baylor University, it's a good thing. (healthline.com)
- One study also found that nasal breathing decreased contagious yawning completely in their research. (healthline.com)
- At least one study suggests that yawning, especially psychological "contagious" yawning, may have developed as a way of keeping a group of animals alert. (wikipedia.org)
- The current study examined whether contagious yawning can be observed in domestic dogs ( Canis familiaris ). (royalsocietypublishing.org)
- Using their newly developed criteria, the research team found that over half of the mouth openings observed in the study were classed as yawns. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- In fact, Wagener's study suggests that we can hold in coughs. (wmuk.org)
- The study suggests it also could release extra energy - almost like fidgeting. (wmuk.org)
- This study is the first to report the disturbance of contagious yawning in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). (gnxp.com)
- Long term diet study suggests success is hard to come by: In a tightly controlled experiment, obese people lost an average of just 6 to 10 pounds over two years. (tobeinformed.com)
- Their study -- 'A neural basis for contagious yawning' -- has been published in the academic journal Current Biology . (eurekalert.org)
- Our study accordingly showed a higher incidence of yawning across seasons when ambient temperatures were lower, even after statistically controlling for other features such as humidity, time spent outside and the amount of sleep the night before. (princeton.edu)
- The present study suggests that 5-ht6 receptors are functionally expressed in the rat brain, where one of their functions appears to be the control of cholinergic neurotransmission. (aspetjournals.org)
- In view of interaction between opiates and dopaminergic, the current study aimed to investigate whether the yawning is associated with genital grooming and penile erection, and quantify these responses and possible involved pharmacological mechanisms of action. (alliedacademies.org)
- To put it simply, it's theorized that the influx of cool air that occurs when you yawn helps cool and increase blood flow in your neck, face, sinuses and head, which together acts like a radiator to cool your brain. (lewrockwell.com)
- Here we describe seven patients with pathological yawning caused by acute middle cerebral artery stroke, indicating that pathological yawning also occurs in supratentorial stroke. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
- We hypothesised that if neocortical structures are involved in the control of spontaneous yawning, it is likely that pathological yawning also occurs in acute supratentorial stroke. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
- Yawning is a contagious event that occurs alone or associated with stretching and/or penile erection. (alliedacademies.org)
- Yawning is a stereotypical reflex characterized by a single deep inhalation (with the mouth open) and stretching of muscles of the jaw and trunk. (scientificamerican.com)
- A yawn is a reflex consisting of the simultaneous inhalation of air and the stretching of the eardrums, followed by an exhalation of breath. (wikipedia.org)
- A yawn (from the Middle English yanen , an alteration of yonen or yenen , which in turn comes from the Old English geonian ), is a reflex of simultaneous inhalation of air and stretching of the eardrums, followed by exhalation of breath. (artandpopularculture.com)
- Yawning, a reflex of deep inhalation and exhalation associated with a need to sleep, is known to be contagious, but this notion doesn't hold true for autistic children. (medindia.net)
- It is a type of reflex action controlled by the brain (a person cannot yawn on command). (healthtap.com)
- Elainie Madsen, an evolutionary psychologist from Sweden's Lund University, yawned and made other faces at the chimps at the Takugama Chimpanzee Sanctuary in Sierra Leone. (q13fox.com)
- Video footage shows infant and juvenile chimps who seem oblivious to Madsen's yawns. (q13fox.com)
- So, Madsen expected that facial familiarity would affect the number of contagious yawns she observed among the rescued Sierra Leone chimps. (q13fox.com)
- We're more likely to empathize with those we're familiar with, so we really expected the adoptive mother of the chimps would be able to provoke more contagious yawning, with the younger chimps in particular," she said. (q13fox.com)
- The most recent research on yawning suggests that it exists to cool down the brain. (huffingtonpost.com)
- According to 2012 research, yawns are most contagious among the closest of pals. (huffingtonpost.com)
- MICHELLE TRUDEAU, BYLINE: Let me introduce the father of yawn research. (kuow.org)
- Research suggests that there is a U-shaped developmental progression to yawning in that premature infants yawn more frequently than term babies and primary school children yawn more frequently than kindergarten children . (plos.org)
- Although yawning has long been considered a stereotyped action pattern, these findings reveal substantial variation in this response and highlight the importance of measuring yawn duration in future research. (royalsocietypublishing.org)
- She added that yawning could be related to central nervous system maturation but further research involving mother and fetus would be required to examine this theory. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Even the mere suggestion of a yawn, like when I was reading the research paper, can elicit a yawn. (examiner.net)
- To test the link between motor excitability and the neural basis for contagious yawning the Nottingham research team used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). (eurekalert.org)
- It's been thought that recurrences were limited to people with compromised immune systems, for instance from chemotherapy or bloodborne malignancies, but this is not the case,' says lead author Barbara Yawn, M.D., director of research at Olmsted Medical Center in Rochester. (news-medical.net)
- Yawning May Herald Migraine Yawning is a unique and reliable symptom in patients with migraine that may offer an opportunity for early treatment, new research suggests. (medscape.com)
- Posted February 26, 2017 WEDNESDAY, Feb. 22, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- Children are much more likely than adults to have a headache before an ischemic stroke, new research suggests. (livingnaturally.com)
- Non-human primates including birds, fish and turtles also yawn. (examiner.net)
- In rats and non-human primates yawning is androgen-dependent and sexually dimorphic, with more common in males than females [ 2 ]. (alliedacademies.org)