AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaInformation ScienceHealth Care
WolbachiaSymbiosisRickettsiaceae InfectionsRickettsiaceaeBrugia malayiWaspsFilarioideaAedesArthropodsSex RatioIsopodaHymenopteraAnimal StructuresCulexFilariasisFicusPhylogenyHost-Pathogen InteractionsReproductionTetranychidaeFeminizationInsectsOnchocercaDrosophilaFertilityPest Control, BiologicalHost-Parasite InteractionsInsect VectorsOnchocerca volvulusDrosophila melanogasterTetracyclineButterfliesCrosses, Genetic
Wolbachia
A genus of bacteria comprised of a heterogenous group of gram-negative small rods and coccoid forms associated with arthropods. (From Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, vol 1, 1984)
Symbiosis
The relationship between two different species of organisms that are interdependent; each gains benefits from the other or a relationship between different species where both of the organisms in question benefit from the presence of the other.
Rickettsiaceae Infections
Infections with bacteria of the family RICKETTSIACEAE.
Rickettsiaceae
A family of small, gram-negative organisms, often parasitic in humans and other animals, causing diseases that may be transmitted by invertebrate vectors.
Brugia malayi
A species of parasitic nematode causing Malayan filariasis and having a distribution centering roughly on the Malay peninsula. The life cycle of B. malayi is similar to that of WUCHERERIA BANCROFTI, except that in most areas the principal mosquito vectors belong to the genus Mansonia.
Wasps
Any of numerous winged hymenopterous insects of social as well as solitary habits and having formidable stings.
Filarioidea
A superfamily of nematodes of the suborder SPIRURINA. Its organisms possess a filiform body and a mouth surrounded by papillae.
Aedes
A genus of mosquitoes (CULICIDAE) frequently found in tropical and subtropical regions. YELLOW FEVER and DENGUE are two of the diseases that can be transmitted by species of this genus.
Arthropods
Members of the phylum Arthropoda, composed of organisms having a hard, jointed exoskeleton and paired jointed legs. It includes the class INSECTS and the subclass ARACHNIDA, many species of which are important medically as parasites or as vectors of organisms capable of causing disease in man.
Sex Ratio
The number of males per 100 females.
Isopoda
One of the largest orders of mostly marine CRUSTACEA, containing over 10,000 species. Like AMPHIPODA, the other large order in the superorder Peracarida, members are shrimp-like in appearance, have sessile compound eyes, and no carapace. But unlike Amphipoda, they possess abdominal pleopods (modified as gills) and their bodies are dorsoventrally flattened.
Hymenoptera
An extensive order of highly specialized insects including bees, wasps, and ants.
Animal Structures
Organs and other anatomical structures of non-human vertebrate and invertebrate animals.
Culex
A genus of mosquitoes (CULICIDAE) commonly found in tropical regions. Species of this genus are vectors for ST. LOUIS ENCEPHALITIS as well as many other diseases of man and domestic and wild animals.
Filariasis
Infections with nematodes of the superfamily FILARIOIDEA. The presence of living worms in the body is mainly asymptomatic but the death of adult worms leads to granulomatous inflammation and permanent fibrosis. Organisms of the genus Elaeophora infect wild elk and domestic sheep causing ischemic necrosis of the brain, blindness, and dermatosis of the face.
Ficus
A plant genus of the family MORACEAE. It is the source of the familiar fig fruit and the latex from this tree contains FICAIN.
Phylogeny
The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.
Host-Pathogen Interactions
The interactions between a host and a pathogen, usually resulting in disease.
Reproduction
The total process by which organisms produce offspring. (Stedman, 25th ed)
Tetranychidae
Family of spider MITES, in the superfamily Tetranychoidea, suborder Trombidiformes.
Feminization
Development of female secondary SEX CHARACTERISTICS in the MALE. It is due to the effects of estrogenic metabolites of precursors from endogenous or exogenous sources, such as ADRENAL GLANDS or therapeutic drugs.
Insects
The class Insecta, in the phylum ARTHROPODA, whose members are characterized by division into three parts: head, thorax, and abdomen. They are the dominant group of animals on earth; several hundred thousand different kinds having been described. Three orders, HEMIPTERA; DIPTERA; and SIPHONAPTERA; are of medical interest in that they cause disease in humans and animals. (From Borror et al., An Introduction to the Study of Insects, 4th ed, p1)
Onchocerca
A genus of parasitic nematodes whose organisms live and breed in skin and subcutaneous tissues. Onchocercal microfilariae may also be found in the urine, blood, or sputum.
Drosophila
A genus of small, two-winged flies containing approximately 900 described species. These organisms are the most extensively studied of all genera from the standpoint of genetics and cytology.
Fertility
The capacity to conceive or to induce conception. It may refer to either the male or female.
Pest Control, Biological
Use of naturally-occuring or genetically-engineered organisms to reduce or eliminate populations of pests.
Host-Parasite Interactions
The relationship between an invertebrate and another organism (the host), one of which lives at the expense of the other. Traditionally excluded from definition of parasites are pathogenic BACTERIA; FUNGI; VIRUSES; and PLANTS; though they may live parasitically.
Insect Vectors
Insects that transmit infective organisms from one host to another or from an inanimate reservoir to an animate host.
Onchocerca volvulus
A species of parasitic nematodes widely distributed throughout central Africa and also found in northern South America, southern Mexico, and Guatemala. Its intermediate host and vector is the blackfly or buffalo gnat.
Drosophila melanogaster
A species of fruit fly much used in genetics because of the large size of its chromosomes.
Tetracycline
A naphthacene antibiotic that inhibits AMINO ACYL TRNA binding during protein synthesis.
Butterflies
Slender-bodies diurnal insects having large, broad wings often strikingly colored and patterned.
Crosses, Genetic
Deliberate breeding of two different individuals that results in offspring that carry part of the genetic material of each parent. The parent organisms must be genetically compatible and may be from different varieties or closely related species.

Phylogenetic evidence for horizontal transmission of Wolbachia in host-parasitoid associations. (1/559)

Endosymbiotic Wolbachia infect a number of arthropod species in which they can affect the reproductive system. While maternally transmitted, unlike mitochondria their molecular phylogeny does not parallel that of their hosts. This strongly suggests horizontal transmission among species, the mechanisms of which remain unknown. Such transfers require intimate between-species relationships, and thus host-parasite associations are outstandingly appropriate for study. Here, we demonstrate that hymenopteran parasitoids of frugivorous Drosophila species are especially susceptible to Wolbachia infection. Of the five common European species, four proved to be infected; furthermore, multiple infections are common, with one species being doubly infected and two triply infected (first report). Phylogenetic statuses of the Wolbachia infecting the different species of the community have been studied using the gene wsp, a highly variable gene recently described. This study reveals exciting similarities between the Wolbachia variants found in parasitoids and their hosts. These arguments strongly support the hypothesis of frequent natural Wolbachia transfers into other species and open a new field for genetic exchanges among species, especially in host-parasitoid associations.  (+info)

A genetic test of the mechanism of Wolbachia-induced cytoplasmic incompatibility in Drosophila. (2/559)

Cytoplasmic bacteria of the genus Wolbachia are best known as the cause of cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI): many uninfected eggs fertilized by Wolbachia-modified sperm from infected males die as embryos. In contrast, eggs of infected females rescue modified sperm and develop normally. Although Wolbachia cause CI in at least five insect orders, the mechanism of CI remains poorly understood. Here I test whether the target of Wolbachia-induced sperm modification is the male pronucleus (e.g., DNA or pronuclear proteins) or some extranuclear factor from the sperm required for embryonic development (e.g., the paternal centrosome). I distinguish between these hypotheses by crossing gynogenetic Drosophila melanogaster females to infected males. Gynogenetic females produce diploid eggs whose normal development requires no male pronucleus but still depends on extranuclear paternal factors. I show that when gynogenetic females are crossed to infected males, uniparental progeny with maternally derived chromosomes result. This finding shows that Wolbachia impair the male pronucleus but no extranuclear component of the sperm.  (+info)

Sex-ratio-distorting Wolbachia causes sex-role reversal in its butterfly host. (3/559)

Sex-role-reversed mating systems in which females compete for males and males may be choosy are usually associated with males investing more than females in offspring. We report that sex-role reversal may also be caused by selfish genetic elements which distort the sex ratio towards females. Some populations of the butterflies Acraea encedon and Acraea encedana are extremely female biased because over 90% of females are infected with a Wolbachia bacterium that is maternally inherited and kills male embryos. Many females in these populations are virgins suggesting that their reproductive success may be limited by access to males. These females form lekking swarms at landmarks in which females exhibit behaviours which we interpret as functioning to solicit matings from males. The hypothesis that female A. encedon swarm in order to mate is supported by the finding that, in release recapture experiments, mated females tend to leave the swarm while unmated females remained. This behaviour is a sex-role-reversed form of a common mating system in insects in which males form lekking swarms at landmarks and compete for females. Female lekking swarms are absent from less female-biased populations and here the butterflies are instead associated with resources in the form of the larval food plant.  (+info)

Molecular evolution and phylogenetic utility of Wolbachia ftsZ and wsp gene sequences with special reference to the origin of male-killing. (4/559)

A detailed assessment of the evolution and phylogenetic utility of two genes, ftsZ and wsp, was used to investigate the origin of male-killing Wolbachia, previously isolated from the ladybird Adalia bipunctata and the butterfly Acraea encedon. The analysis included almost all available sequences of B-group Wolbachia and two outgroup taxa and showed that (1) the two gene regions differ in phylogenetic utility, (2) sequence variation is here correlated with phylogenetic information content, (3) both genes show significant rate heterogeneity between lineages, (4) increased substitution rates are associated with homoplasy in the data, (5) wsp sequences of some taxa appear to be subject to positive selection, and (6) only a limited number of clades can be inferred with confidence due to either lack of phylogenetic information or the presence of homoplasy. With respect to the evolution of male-killing, the two genes nevertheless seemed to provide unbiased information. However, they consistently produce contradictory results. Current data therefore do not permit clarification of the origin of this behavior. In addition, A. bipunctata was found to be a host to two recently diverged strains of male-killing Wolbachia that showed increased substitution rates for both genes. Moreover, the wsp gene, which codes for an outer membrane protein, was found to be subject to positive selection in these taxa. These findings were postulated to be the product of high selection pressures due to antagonistic host-symbiont interactions in this ladybird species. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that the results of a detailed phylogenetic analysis, including characterization of the limitations of such an approach, can serve as a valuable basis for an understanding of the evolution of Wolbachia bacteria. Moreover, particular features of gene evolution, such as elevated substitution rates or the presence of positive selection, may provide information about the dynamics of Wolbachia-host associations.  (+info)

Inflammatory responses induced by the filarial nematode Brugia malayi are mediated by lipopolysaccharide-like activity from endosymbiotic Wolbachia bacteria. (5/559)

The pathogenesis of filarial disease is characterized by acute and chronic inflammation. Inflammatory responses are thought to be generated by either the parasite, the immune response, or opportunistic infection. We show that soluble extracts of the human filarial parasite Brugia malayi can induce potent inflammatory responses, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta, and nitric oxide (NO) from macrophages. The active component is heat stable, reacts positively in the Limulus amebocyte lysate assay, and can be inhibited by polymyxin B. TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and NO responses were not induced in macrophages from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-nonresponsive C3H/HeJ mice. The production of TNF-alpha after chemotherapy of microfilariae was also only detected in LPS-responsive C3H/HeN mice, suggesting that signaling through the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is necessary for these responses. We also show that CD14 is required for optimal TNF-alpha responses at low concentrations. Together, these results suggest that extracts of B. malayi contain bacterial LPS. Extracts from the rodent filaria, Acanthocheilonema viteae, which is not infected with the endosymbiotic Wolbachia bacteria found in the majority of filarial parasites, failed to induce any inflammatory responses from macrophages, suggesting that the source of bacterial LPS in extracts of B. malayi is the Wolbachia endosymbiont. Wolbachia extracts derived from a mosquito cell line induced similar LPS-dependent TNF-alpha and NO responses from C3H/HeN macrophages, which were eliminated after tetracycline treatment of the bacteria. Thus, Wolbachia LPS may be one of the major mediators of inflammatory pathogenesis in filarial nematode disease.  (+info)

Offsetting effects of Wolbachia infection and heat shock on sperm production in Drosophila simulans: analyses of fecundity, fertility and accessory gland proteins. (6/559)

Infection in Drosophila simulans with the endocellular symbiont Wolbachia pipientis results in egg lethality caused by failure to properly initiate diploid development (cytoplasmic incompatibility, CI). The relationship between Wolbachia infection and reproductive factors influencing male fitness has not been well examined. Here we compare infected and uninfected strains of D. simulans for (1) sperm production, (2) male fertility, and (3) the transfer and processing of two accessory gland proteins, Acp26Aa or Acp36De. Infected males produced significantly fewer sperm cysts than uninfected males over the first 10 days of adult life, and infected males, under varied mating conditions, had lower fertility compared to uninfected males. This fertility effect was due to neither differences between infected and uninfected males in the transfer and subsequent processing of accessory gland proteins by females nor to the presence of Wolbachia in mature sperm. We found that heat shock, which is known to decrease CI expression, increases sperm production to a greater extent in infected compared to uninfected males, suggesting a possible link between sperm production and heat shock. Given these results, the roles Wolbachia and heat shock play in mediating male gamete production may be important parameters for understanding the dynamics of infection in natural populations.  (+info)

Targeting of Wolbachia endobacteria in Litomosoides sigmodontis: comparison of tetracyclines with chloramphenicol, macrolides and ciprofloxacin. (7/559)

Endobacteria of the genus Wolbachia in filarial nematodes are related to Rickettsiaceae and can be depleted by tetracycline antibiotics. This depletion blocks female worm development as well as early embryogenesis, in contrast to the currently used microfilaricidal ivermectin which blocks only the last stage of embryogenesis. Since targeting Wolbachia is becoming an area of research for the treatment of human filariases, it was investigated if antibiotics other than tetracyclines are able to deplete Wolbachia from filariae. BALB/c mice infected with the rodent filaria Litomosoides sigmodontis were treated with erythromycin, chloramphenicol or ciprofloxacin. All drugs were well resorbed and resulted in serum levels clearly above breakpoint levels for bacteria susceptible to the respective antibiotic. However, contrary to tetracycline, none of these antibiotics depleted Wolbachia or altered worm development and fertility, as evidenced by immunohistology, immunoelectron microscopy and semiquantitative PCR.  (+info)

Male killing can select for male mate choice: a novel solution to the paradox of the lek. (8/559)

In lekking species, intense directional selection is applied to aspects of the male genotype by female choice. Under conventional quantitative genetics theory, the expectation is that this will lead to a rapid loss in additive genetic variance for the trait in question. However, despite female choice, male variation is maintained and hence it pays females to continue choosing. This has been termed the 'paradox of the lek'. Here we present a theoretical analysis of a putative sex-role-reversed lek in the butterfly Acraea encedon. Sex-role reversal appears to have come about because of infection with a male-killing Wolbachia. The bacterium is highly prevalent in some populations, such that there is a dearth of males. Receptive females form dense aggregations, and it has been suggested that males preferentially select females uninfected with the bacterium. As with more conventional systems, this presents a theoretical problem exactly analogous to the lek paradox, namely what maintains female variation and hence why do males continue to choose? We model the evolution of a male choice gene that allows discrimination between infected and uninfected females, and show that the stable maintenance of both female variation and male choice is likely, so long as males make mistakes when discriminating between females. Furthermore, our model allows the maintenance, in a panmictic population, of a male killer that is perfectly transmitted. This is the first model to allow this result, and may explain the long-term persistence of a male killer in Hypolimnas bolina.  (+info)

Multilocus Sequence Typing System for the Endosymbiont Wolbachia pipientis | Applied and Environmental MicrobiologyMultilocus Sequence Typing System for the Endosymbiont Wolbachia pipientis | Applied and Environmental Microbiology
In the past 10 years there has been increasing interest in the maternally inherited Wolbachia endosymbionts because of their remarkably widespread distribution and significant impact on the ecology, evolution, and reproductive biology of their host species (46, 54). Approximately 20 to 75% of all insect species harbor Wolbachia (20, 55), as do many arachnids and terrestrial crustaceans (7, 11, 12, 40). Individual insects can be infected with multiple Wolbachia strains (24, 55, 58), and geographically distinct populations of the same species can harbor different strains (29, 39). Outside the phylum Arthropoda, high infection levels have also been detected in the vast majority of pathogenic filarial nematodes (4). Overall, the extraordinary infection frequency among insects alone places members of the genus Wolbachia among the most widespread intracellular bacteria described thus far (55, 56). Wolbachia strains are typically vertically transmitted within a species through the cytoplasm of eggs ...
https://aem.asm.org/content/72/11/7098.long
In vitro cultivation of Wolbachia pipientis in an Aedes albopictus cell line<...In vitro cultivation of Wolbachia pipientis in an Aedes albopictus cell line<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - In vitro cultivation of Wolbachia pipientis in an Aedes albopictus cell line. AU - ONeill, Scott L.. AU - Pettigrew, M. M.. AU - Sinkins, S. P.. AU - Braig, H. R.. AU - Andreadis, T. G.. AU - Tesh, R. B.. PY - 1997/2. Y1 - 1997/2. N2 - A continuous cell line, Aa23, was established from eggs of a strain of the Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, naturally infected with the intracellular aymblont Wolbachia pipientis. The resulting cell line was shown to be persistently infected with the bacterial endosymbiont. Treatment with antibiotics cured the cells of the infection. In the course of establishing this cell line it was noticed that RFLPs in the PCR products of two Wolbachia genes from the parental mosquitoes were fixed in the infected cell line. This indicates that the mosquito host was naturally superinfected with different Wolbachia strains, whereas the infected cell line derived from these mosquitoes only contained one of the original Wolbachia strains. The development of ...
https://researchexperts.utmb.edu/en/publications/in-vitro-cultivation-of-wolbachia-pipientis-in-an-aedes-albopictu
Application of Wolbachia in Invertebrate Vector Control - microbewiki
The endosymbiont, Wolbachia, imposes cytoplasmic incompatibility in many arthropods, resulting in embryonic mortality. When an infected male mates with an uninfected female, unidirectional cytoplasmic incompatibility arises; however, uninfected males can successfully mate with infected females, as can two infected parents.At the other end of the spectrum, bidirectional cytoplasmic incompatibility occurs between individuals infected with different Wolbachia strains, when they mate. Wolbachia affects mitotic division as a result of spermatogenesis paternal chromosome modification. This modification thus causes a loss in mitotic synchrony. The importance of cytoplamsic incompatibility induced by Wolbachia is for use in stopping mosquito vector disease transmission. Wolbachia can manipulate reproduction by causing a form of sterility known as cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), which prematurely stops the development of early embryos. When a Wolbachia infected male mates with an uninfected female or a ...
https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Application_of_Wolbachia_in_Invertebrate_Vector_Control&direction=next&oldid=44387
Application of Wolbachia in Invertebrate Vector Control - microbewiki
The endosymbiont, Wolbachia, imposes cytoplasmic incompatibility in many arthropods, resulting in embryonic mortality. When an infected male mates with an uninfected female, unidirectional cytoplasmic incompatibility arises; however, uninfected males can successfully mate with infected females, as can two infected parents.At the other end of the spectrum, bidirectional cytoplasmic incompatibility occurs between individuals infected with different Wolbachia strains, when they mate. Wolbachia affects mitotic division as a result of spermatogenesis paternal chromosome modification. This modification thus causes a loss in mitotic synchrony. The importance of cytoplamsic incompatibility induced by Wolbachia is for use in stopping mosquito vector disease transmission. Wolbachia can manipulate reproduction by causing a form of sterility known as cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), which prematurely stops the development of early embryos. When a Wolbachia infected male mates with an uninfected female or a ...
https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Application_of_Wolbachia_in_Invertebrate_Vector_Control&oldid=44316
Naturally-occurring Wolbachia infection in Drosophila simulans that does not cause cytoplasmic incompatibility - Lancaster...Naturally-occurring Wolbachia infection in Drosophila simulans that does not cause cytoplasmic incompatibility - Lancaster...
Microbes of the genus Wolbachia are transmitted by their hosts via the maternal parent and are responsible for cytoplasmic incompatibility among insect populations. This phenomenon can result in Wolbachia spreading through natural populations as previously demonstrated in Drosophila simulans. Here we describe another Wolbachia infection in D. simulans that does not cause cytoplasmic incompatibility. This is a property of the Wolbachia rather than the nuclear background. The infection occurs at a low frequency in natural populations from eastern Australia. The infection shows perfect maternal transmission in the field and does not cause any detectable deleterious effects on its host. These findings suggest that the Wolbachia infection behaves like a neutral variant in populations. The infection may represent an evolutionary outcome of interactions between Wolbachia infections and their hosts.. ...
https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/50164/
Molecular identification of native Wolbachia pipientis in Anopheles minimus in a low-malaria transmission area of Umphang...Molecular identification of native Wolbachia pipientis in Anopheles minimus in a low-malaria transmission area of Umphang...
Wolbachia, obligate intracellular bacteria, infect the majority of arthropods, including many mosquito species of medical importance. Some Wolbachia strains interfere with the development of Plasmodium parasites in female Anopheles, a major vector of malaria. The use of Wolbachia as a means to block malaria transmission is an emerging vector control strategy in highly endemic areas. Hence, identification of native Wolbachia strains in areas where malaria transmission is low may uncover a particular Wolbachia strain capable of Plasmodium interference. This study aims to identify native Wolbachia strains in female Anopheles spp. that are predominant in a low-malaria transmission area in mainland Southeast Asia. Following a 2-year survey of malaria vectors in Umphang Valley of Tak Province, Thailand, DNA extracts of female An. minimus, An. peditaeniatus, and An. maculatus were subjected to amplification of the conserved region of the 16S rRNA-encoding gene. The DNA sequences of the amplicons were
https://parasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13071-020-04459-7
The mechanisms whereby the endosymbiont Wolbachia impacts apoptos | cox 2 inhibitors
The mechanisms whereby the endosymbiont Wolbachia impacts apoptosis in host cells have been poorly studied. Preferential infection and high accumulation. of Wolbachia in region 2a of the germarium [26] where the checkpoint is located in Drosophila was thought-provoking. We raised the question: Can bacteria Wolbachia in region 2a of the germarium affect the frequency of apoptosis there? Using MLN2238 fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy we compared germaria from ovaries of two D. melanogaster stocks infected with either the wMel or wMelPop strains with germaria from two uninfected counterparts. It was established that the presence of wMel did not alter apoptosis frequency in germaria from D. melanogaster Canton S. In contrast, the number of PLX4032 mw germaria containing apoptotic cells in the checkpoint was considerably increased. selleck compound in the wMelPop-infected flies as compared with their uninfected counterparts. Thus, evidence was obtained indicating that the virulent ...
https://cox2-inhibitors.com/the-mechanisms-whereby-the-endosymbiont-wolbachia-impacts-apoptos
Impact of Wolbachia on Infection with Chikungunya and Yellow Fever Viruses in the Mosquito Vector Aedes aegyptiImpact of Wolbachia on Infection with Chikungunya and Yellow Fever Viruses in the Mosquito Vector Aedes aegypti
Author Summary Mosquito-transmitted viruses such as dengue, yellow fever and chikungunya, are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality throughout tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. These viruses are primarily transmitted by Aedes aegypti, a mosquito that due to its close association with humans has historically been difficult to control. An innovative control strategy involving the release of mosquitoes infected with the intracellular bacterium Wolbachia is currently being developed. This approach is based on the recent discovery that Wolbachia reduces infection of mosquitoes with dengue virus, malaria parasites and filarial nematodes. In the current study, we demonstrated that Wolbachia also blocks infection of chikungunya and yellow fever viruses in Ae. aegypti. The degree of virus inhibition depended on the strain of Wolbachia, the route of virus exposure, the virus strain and the titer of virus that the mosquitoes were exposed to. The implementation of Wolbachia-based control
https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0001892
Wolbachia in mosquitoes from the Central Valley of California, USA | Parasites & Vectors | Full TextWolbachia in mosquitoes from the Central Valley of California, USA | Parasites & Vectors | Full Text
Wolbachia bacteria are widely distributed throughout terrestrial arthropod species. These bacteria can manipulate reproduction and influence the vector competence of their hosts. Recently, Wolbachia have been integrated into vector control programmes for mosquito management. A number of supergroups and strains exist for Wolbachia, and they have yet to be characterized for many mosquito species. In this study, we examined Wolbachia prevalence and their phylogenetic relationship to other Wolbachia, using mosquitoes collected in Merced County in the Central Valley of California. Adult mosquitoes were collected from 85 sites in Merced County, California in 2017 and 2018. Traditional and quantitative PCR were used to investigate the presence or absence and the density of Wolbachia, using Wolbachia-specific 16S rRNA and Wolbachia-surface protein (wsp) genes. The supergroup of Wolbachia was determined, and Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) by sequencing five housekeeping genes (coxA, gatB, ftsZ, hcpA and fbpA)
https://parasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13071-020-04429-z
Structural and functional characterization of the oxidoreductase a-DsbA1 from wolbachia pipientis - DROStructural and functional characterization of the oxidoreductase a-DsbA1 from wolbachia pipientis - DRO
The α-proteobacterium Wolbachia pipientis is a highly successful intracellular endosymbiont of invertebrates that manipulates its hosts reproductive biology to facilitate its own maternal transmission. The fastidious nature of Wolbachia and the lack of genetic transformation have hampered analysis of the molecular basis of these manipulations. Structure determination of key Wolbachia proteins will enable the development of inhibitors for chemical genetics studies. Wolbachia encodes a homologue (α-DsbA1) of the Escherichia coli dithiol oxidase enzyme EcDsbA, essential for the oxidative folding of many exported proteins. We found that the active-site cysteine pair of Wolbachia α-DsbA1 has the most reducing redox potential of any characterized DsbA. In addition, Wolbachia α-DsbA1 possesses a second disulfide that is highly conserved in α-proteobacterial DsbAs but not in other DsbAs. The α-DsbA1 structure lacks the characteristic hydrophobic features of EcDsbA, and the protein neither ...
http://dro.deakin.edu.au/view/DU:30038982
Antigenic role of the endosymbionts of filarial nematodes: IgG response against the Wolbachia surface protein in cats infected...Antigenic role of the endosymbionts of filarial nematodes: IgG response against the Wolbachia surface protein in cats infected...
Filarial nematodes harbour intracellular endosymbiotic bacteria, which have been assigned to the genus Wolbachia. These bacteria appear to play an important role in the pathogenesis of filarial diseases through their lipopolysaccharides. In view of the presence of Wolbachia endosymbionts in the body of filarial nematodes, one might also expect that proteins from these bacteria play an antigenic role in humans and animals affected by filariases. To test this hypothesis, we produced in recombinant form the surface protein WSP and a portion of the cell-cycle protein FTSZ from the Wolbachia of Dirofilaria immitis. Western immunoblot assays were then performed using cat sera to test the immunogenicity of these proteins. Sera were collected from owners cats, which were either sero-negative or sero-positive for D.immitis and from cats before and after experimental infection with D.immitis. FTSZ was recognized in Western blots by sera from both positive and negative cats and from both uninfected and ...
http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/267/1461/2511
Evidence for widespread Wolbachia infection in isopod crustaceans: molecular identification and host feminization | Proceedings...Evidence for widespread Wolbachia infection in isopod crustaceans: molecular identification and host feminization | Proceedings...
Wolbachia are maternally inherited, intracellular, alpha proteobacteria that infect a wide range of arthropods. They cause three kinds of reproductive alterations in their hosts: cytoplasmic incompatibility, parthenogenesis and feminization. There have been many studies of the distribution of Wolbachia in arthropods, but very few crustacean species are known to be infected. We investigated the prevalence of Wolbachia in 85 species from five crustacean orders. Twenty-two isopod species were found to carry these bacteria. The bacteria were found mainly in terrestrial species suggesting that Wolbachia came from a continental environment. The evolutionary relationships between these Wolbachia strains were determined by sequencing bacterial genes and by interspecific transfers. All the bacteria associated with isopods belonged to the wolbachiae B group, based on 16S rDNA sequence data. All the terrestrial isopod symbionts in this group except one formed an independent clade. The results of ...
http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/265/1401/1081
Wolbachia diversity within species and individuals - Symbiotic Bacteria
The extent of Wolbachia diversity within species has been investigated in two terrestrial isopods: P. pruinosus (Marcade et al ., 1999; Michel-Salzat et al ., 2001) and A. vulgare (Cordaux et al , 2004; Verne et al , 2007) Three distinct Wolbachia strains have been identified within each isopod species . In P. pruinosus, two strains (wPruI and wPruII) exhibit ~5% nucleotide divergence based on the variable wsp gene (Michel-Salzat et al , 2001) In comparison, the third strain (wPruIII) shows ~20% nucleotide divergence with wPruI and wPruII based on the wsp gene . Interestingly, two types of Wolbachia infections are found in the P. pruinosus complex of species (Lefebvre and Marcadé, 2005): (1) populations with Wolbachia in both males and females, with a prevalence of ~90%, and (2) populations with Wolbachia only in females, with a prevalence of ~60% (Marcadé et al ., 1999) . We observed that there is no strong association between Wolbachia strain distribution and infection patterns Indeed, the ...
https://www.phrygane.tk/symbiotic-bacteria/wolbachia-diversity-within-species-and-individuals.html
A virulent Wolbachia infection decreases the viability of the dengue vector Aedes aegypti during periods of embryonic quiescenceA virulent Wolbachia infection decreases the viability of the dengue vector Aedes aegypti during periods of embryonic quiescence
A new approach for dengue control has been proposed that relies on life-shortening strains of the obligate intracellular bacterium Wolbachia pipientis to modify mosquito population age structure and reduce pathogen transmission. Previously we reported the stable transinfection of the major dengue ve …
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20644622/?dopt=Abstract
Using parthenogenesis-inducing Wolbachia for the selection of optimal lines of the egg parasitoid Trichogramma pretiosum for...Using parthenogenesis-inducing Wolbachia for the selection of optimal lines of the egg parasitoid Trichogramma pretiosum for...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Using parthenogenesis-inducing Wolbachia for the selection of optimal lines of the egg parasitoid Trichogramma pretiosum for use in biocontrol. AU - Ebrahimi, Valeh. AU - Ashouri, Ahmad. AU - Rugman-Jones, Paul F.. AU - Lindsey, Amelia R.I.. AU - Javan-Nikkhah, Mohammad. AU - Stouthamer, Richard. N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported in part by a grant from the United States Department of Agriculture NIFA 194617 to R.S. and V.E. was supported in part by the Department of Entomology of the University of Tehran. Publisher Copyright: © 2019 The Netherlands Entomological Society. PY - 2019/3. Y1 - 2019/3. N2 - Trichogramma wasps (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) are egg parasitoids commonly employed in augmentative biological control releases against a variety of mainly lepidopteran pests. By exploiting the mechanism by which the endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia induces parthenogenesis in this genus, we created a set of completely homozygous Wolbachia-infected ...
https://experts.umn.edu/en/publications/using-parthenogenesis-inducing-wolbachia-for-the-selection-of-opt
Wolbachia utilizes host microtubules and Dynein for anterior localization in the Drosophila oocyte. | Lewis-Sigler InstituteWolbachia utilizes host microtubules and Dynein for anterior localization in the Drosophila oocyte. | Lewis-Sigler Institute
To investigate the role of the host cytoskeleton in the maternal transmission of the endoparasitic bacteria Wolbachia, we have characterized their distribution in the female germ line of Drosophila melanogaster. In the germarium, Wolbachia are distributed to all germ cells of the cyst, establishing an early infection in the cell destined to become the oocyte. During mid-oogenesis, Wolbachia exhibit a distinct concentration between the anterior cortex and the nucleus in the oocyte, where many bacteria appear to contact the nuclear envelope. Following programmed rearrangement of the microtubule network, Wolbachia dissociate from this anterior position and become dispersed throughout the oocyte. This localization pattern is distinct from mitochondria and all known axis determinants. Manipulation of microtubules and cytoplasmic Dynein and Dynactin, but not Kinesin-1, disrupts anterior bacterial localization in the oocyte. In live egg chambers, Wolbachia exhibit movement in nurse cells but not in the ...
https://lsi.princeton.edu/wolbachia-utilizes-host-microtubules-and-dynein-anterior-localization-drosophila-oocyte
Strategies for Introducing Wolbachia to Reduce Transmission of Mosquito-Borne DiseasesStrategies for Introducing Wolbachia to Reduce Transmission of Mosquito-Borne Diseases
Author Summary Wolbachia are symbiotic bacteria that are found in many insect species. Recent laboratory studies show that certain strains of Wolbachia can reduce the capacity of mosquito species to transmit diseases such as dengue fever and malaria, either by directly inhibiting the pathogen or by shortening lifespan. However, little is known about how easily these bacteria will spread in natural mosquito populations or the impact of deliberate Wolbachia introduction on disease transmission. We use a simple model of Wolbachia-mosquito interactions to explore the design of field releases of infected mosquitoes to initiate symbiont spread. A particular concern is how Wolbachia can be introduced while releasing only small numbers of female mosquitoes which may bite humans and transmit disease. The models include explicit mosquito population dynamics including seasonal fluctuations in population size and different forms of population regulation. We find that rapid Wolbachia establishment is possible by
http://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0001024
The endosymbiont Wolbachia pipientis induces the expression of host antioxidant proteins in an Aedes albopictus cell line. -...The endosymbiont Wolbachia pipientis induces the expression of host antioxidant proteins in an Aedes albopictus cell line. -...
PubMed comprises more than 30 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18461124?dopt=Abstract
Predicting Wolbachia invasion dynamics in Aedes aegypti populations using models of density-dependent demographic traits. -...
BACKGROUND:Arbovirus transmission by the mosquito Aedes aegypti can be reduced by the introduction and establishment of the endosymbiotic bacteria Wolbachia in wild populations of the vector. Wolbachia spreads by increasing the fitness of its hosts relative to uninfected mosquitoes. However, mosquito fitness is also strongly affected by population size through density-dependent competition for limited food resources. We do not understand how this natural variation in fitness affects symbiont spread, which limits our ability to design successful control strategies. RESULTS:We develop a mathematical model to predict A. aegypti-Wolbachia dynamics that incorporates larval density-dependent variation in important fitness components of infected and uninfected mosquitoes. Our model explains detailed features of the mosquito-Wolbachia dynamics observed in two independent experimental A. aegypti populations, allowing the combined effects on dynamics of multiple density-dependent fitness components to be
https://www.bdi.ox.ac.uk/publications/692464
Wolbachia strain w AlbB blocks replication of flaviviruses and alphaviruses in mosquito cell culture | SpringerLinkWolbachia strain w AlbB blocks replication of flaviviruses and alphaviruses in mosquito cell culture | SpringerLink
Wolbachia pipientis are bacterial endosymbionts of arthropods currently being implemented as biocontrol agents to reduce the global burden of arboviral diseases. Some strains of Wolbachia, when introduced into Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, reduce or block the replication of RNA viruses pathogenic to humans. The wAlbB strain of Wolbachia was originally isolated from Aedes albopictus, and when transinfected into Ae. aegypti, persists in mosquitoes under high temperature conditions longer than other strains. The utility of wAlbB to block a broad spectrum of RNA viruses has received limited attention. Here we test the ability of wAlbB to reduce or block the replication of a range of Flavivirus and Alphavirus species in cell culture. The C6/36 mosquito cell line was stably infected with the wAlbB strain using the shell-vial technique. The replication of dengue, West Nile and three strains of Zika (genus Flavivirus), and Ross River, Barmah Forest and Sindbis (genus Alphavirus) viruses was compared in wAlbB
https://rd.springer.com/article/10.1186%2Fs13071-020-3936-3
Wolbachia - Wikipedia, a enciclopedia libreWolbachia - Wikipedia, a enciclopedia libre
Ademais de a insectos, Wolbachia infecta a varias especies de crustáceos isópodos, arácnidos, e moitas especies de vermes nematodos (filarias parasitas), entre as que se inclúen as que causan oncocercose (causada por Onchocerca volvulus ) e elefantíase en humanos e certas infestacións de vermes en cans (Dirofilaria immitis). A Wolbachia non se limita a infectar aos vermes, senón que a Wolbachia parece xogar un papel pouco común nestas doenzas humanas parasitarias. Unha grande parte da patoxenicidade destes nematodos débese á resposta do sistema inmunitario do hóspede contra a Wolbachia. A eliminación da Wolbachia dos nematodos orixina xeralmente a morte ou a esterilidade do verme.[31] En consecuencia, unha estratexia actual para o control das enfermidades producidas polos nematodos filariais é a eliminación de Wolbachia por medio do antibiótico doxiciclina en vez de utilizar medicacións antinematodos, que son máis tóxicas.[32] Tamén se investigou o uso das cepas que existen na ...
https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolbachia
How Long Does Wolbachia Remain on Board? - Inria
Wolbachia bacteria infect about half of all arthropods, with diverse and extreme consequences ranging from sex-ratio distortion and mating incompatibilities to protection against viruses. These phenotypic effects, combined with efficient vertical transmission from mothers to offspring, satisfactorily explain the invasion dynamics of Wolbachia within species. However, beyond the species level, the lack of congruence between the host and symbiont phylogenetic trees indicates that Wolbachia horizontal transfers and extinctions do happen and underlie its global distribution. But how often do they occur? And has the Wolbachia pandemic reached its equilibrium? Here, we address these questions by inferring recent acquisition/loss events from the distribution of Wolbachia lineages across the mitochondrial DNA tree of 3,600 arthropod specimens, spanning 1,100 species from Tahiti and surrounding islands. We show that most events occurred within the last million years, but are likely attributable to individual
https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01524867
Somatic stem cell niche tropism in Wolbachia. | Lewis-Sigler InstituteSomatic stem cell niche tropism in Wolbachia. | Lewis-Sigler Institute
Wolbachia are intracellular bacteria found in the reproductive tissue of all major groups of arthropods. They are transmitted vertically from the female hosts to their offspring, in a pattern analogous to mitochondria inheritance. But Wolbachia phylogeny does not parallel that of the host, indicating that horizontal infectious transmission must also occur. Insect parasitoids are considered the most likely vectors, but the mechanism for horizontal transfer is largely unknown. Here we show that newly introduced Wolbachia cross several tissues and infect the germline of the adult Drosophila melanogaster female. Through investigation of bacterial migration patterns during the course of infection, we found that Wolbachia reach the germline through the somatic stem cell niche in the D. melanogaster germarium. In addition, our data suggest that Wolbachia are highly abundant in the somatic stem cell niche of long-term infected hosts, implying that this location may also contribute to efficient vertical ...
https://lsi.princeton.edu/somatic-stem-cell-niche-tropism-wolbachia
Phylogeny and Density Dynamics ofWolbachiaInfection of the Health PestPaederus fuscipesCurtis (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)Phylogeny and Density Dynamics ofWolbachiaInfection of the Health PestPaederus fuscipesCurtis (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)
The maternally inherited obligate intracellular bacteria Wolbachia infects the reproductive tissues of a wide range of arthropods and affects host reproduction. Wolbachia is a credible biocontrol agent for reducing the impact of diseases associated with arthropod vectors. Paederus fuscipes is a small staphylinid beetle that causes dermatitis linearis and conjunctivitis in humans when they come into contact with skin. Wolbachia occur in this beetle, but their relatedness to other Wolbachia, their infection dynamics, and their potential host effects remain unknown. In this study, we report the phylogenetic position and density dynamics of Wolbachia in P. fuscipes. The phylogeny of Wolbachia based on an analysis of MLST genotyping showed that the bacteria from P. fuscipes belong to supergroup B. Quantitative PCR indicated that the infection density in adults was higher than in any other life stage (egg, larva or pupa), and that reproductive tissue in adults had the highest infection densities, with ...
https://minerva-access.unimelb.edu.au/handle/11343/251578
Wolbachia bacteria protect mosquitoes against dengue - QIMR BerghoferWolbachia bacteria protect mosquitoes against dengue - QIMR Berghofer
In collaboration with The University of Queensland, QIMR scientists have found that the Wolbachia bacteria prevent Aedes aegypti mosquitoes from becoming infected with dengue virus, and means that the mosquitoes cant transmit the virus to humans.. Dr Peter Ryan from the Mosquito Control Laboratory at QIMR worked on the study, which was published in the 24 December edition of Cell.. We discovered that infecting the Aedes aegypti mosquitoes with Wolbachiaprevented the virus from replicating inside the mosquitoes. The bacteria act like a barrier which prevents the mosquitoes from becoming infected with dengue virus, said Dr Ryan. Its likely that the bacteria primes the mosquitoes immune system or competes for limited resources and prevents the virus from multiplying.. Wolbachia live naturally in 60% of insect species, but do not naturally infect the species of mosquito that carry the dengue virus.. Dengue and the more severe form, dengue haemorrhagic fever lead to 50 million cases and cause ...
http://www.qimrberghofer.edu.au/2009/12/wolbachia-bacteria-protect-mosquitoes-against-dengue/
Heat Sensitivity of wMel Wolbachia during Aedes aegypti Development<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Heat Sensitivity of wMel Wolbachia during Aedes aegypti Development. AU - Ulrich, Jill N.. AU - Beier, John C. AU - Devine, Gregor J.. AU - Hugo, Leon E.. PY - 2016/7/26. Y1 - 2016/7/26. N2 - The wMel strain of Wolbachia bacteria is known to prevent dengue and Zika virus transmission in the mosquito vector Aedes aegypti. Accordingly, the release of wMel-infected A. aegypti in endemic regions has been recommended by the World Health Organization as a potential strategy for controlling dengue and Zika outbreaks. However, the utility of this approach could be limited if high temperatures in the aquatic habitats where A. aegypti develop are detrimental to Wolbachia. We exposed wMel-infected A. aegypti eggs and larvae to fluctuating daily temperatures of 30-40°C for three, five, or seven days during their development. We found that Wolbachia levels in females emerging from heat treatments were significantly lower than in the controls that had developed at 20-30°C. Notably, seven ...
https://miami.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/heat-sensitivity-of-wmel-wolbachia-during-aedes-aegypti-developme
Mitochondrial DNA variants help monitor the dynamics of Wolbachia invasion into host populations | Meta
Wolbachia is the most widespread endosymbiotic bacterium of insects and other arthropods that can rapidly invade host populations. Deliberate releases of Wolbachia into natural populations of the dengue fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, are used as a novel biocontrol strategy for dengue suppression. Invasion of Wolbachia through the host population relies on factors such as high fidelity of the endosymbiont transmission and limited immigration of uninfected individuals, but these factors can be difficult to measure. One way of acquiring relevant information is to consider mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation alongside Wolbachia in field-caught mosquitoes. Here we used diagnostic mtDNA markers to differentiate infection-associated mtDNA haplotypes from those of the uninfected mosquitoes at release sites. Unique haplotypes associated with Wolbachia were found at locations outside Australia. We also performed mathematical and qualitative analyses including modelling the expected dynamics of the ...
https://www.meta.org/papers/mitochondrial-dna-variants-help-monitor-the/26531251
Impact of ERK activation on fly survival and Wolbachia-mediated protection during virus infection | Microbiology SocietyImpact of ERK activation on fly survival and Wolbachia-mediated protection during virus infection | Microbiology Society
Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) provide protection against virus-induced mortality in Drosophila. In addition to contributing to oxidative stress, ROS are known to activate a number of signalling pathways including the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) signalling cascade. It was recently shown that ERK signalling is important for resistance against viral replication and invasion in cultured Drosophila cells and the gut epithelium of adult flies. Here, using a Drosophila loss-of-function ERK (rolled) mutant we demonstrated that ERK is important for fly survival during virus infection. ERK mutant flies subjected to Drosophila C virus (DCV) oral and systemic infection were more susceptible to virus-induced mortality as compared with wild-type flies. We have demonstrated experimentally that ERK activation is important for fly survival during oral and systemic virus infection. Given that elevated ROS correlates with Wolbachia-mediated antiviral protection, we also investigated the
https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/jgv.0.000456
Wolbachia Enhance Drosophila Stem Cell Proliferation and Target the Germline Stem Cell Niche | ScienceWolbachia Enhance Drosophila Stem Cell Proliferation and Target the Germline Stem Cell Niche | Science
Wolbachia are widespread maternally transmitted intracellular bacteria that infect most insect species and are able to alter the reproduction of innumerous hosts. The cellular bases of these alterations remain largely unknown. Here, we report that Drosophila mauritiana infected with a native Wolbachia wMau strain produces about four times more eggs than the noninfected counterpart. Wolbachia infection leads to an increase in the mitotic activity of germline stem cells (GSCs), as well as a decrease in programmed cell death in the germarium. Our results suggest that up-regulation of GSC division is mediated by a tropism of Wolbachia for the GSC niche, the cellular microenvironment that supports GSCs. ...
https://science.sciencemag.org/content/334/6058/990.abstract
Local introduction and heterogeneous spatial spread of dengue-suppressing Wolbachia through an urban population of Aedes...Local introduction and heterogeneous spatial spread of dengue-suppressing Wolbachia through an urban population of Aedes...
Dengue-suppressing Wolbachia strains are promising tools for arbovirus control, particularly as they have the potential to self-spread following local introductions. To test this, we followed the frequency of the transinfected Wolbachia strain wMel through Ae. aegypti in Cairns, Australia, following releases at 3 nonisolated locations within the city in early 2013. Spatial spread was analysed graphically using interpolation and by fitting a statistical model describing the position and width of the wave. For the larger 2 of the 3 releases (covering 0.97 km 2 and 0.52 km 2 ), we observed slow but steady spatial spread, at about 100-200 m per year, roughly consistent with theoretical predictions. In contrast, the smallest release (0.11 km 2 ) produced erratic temporal and spatial dynamics, with little evidence of spread after 2 years. This is consistent with the prediction concerning fitness-decreasing Wolbachia transinfections that a minimum release area is needed to achieve stable local ...
https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/54096/
Multiple Wolbachia determinants control the evolution of cytoplasmic incompatibilities in Culex pipiens mosquito populations •...Multiple Wolbachia determinants control the evolution of cytoplasmic incompatibilities in Culex pipiens mosquito populations •...
Wolbachia are maternally inherited endosymbionts that can invade arthropod populations through manipulation of their reproduction. In mosquitoes, Wolbachia
https://research.pasteur.fr/en/publication/multiple-wolbachia-determinants-control-the-evolution-of-cytoplasmic-incompatibilities-in-culex-pipiens-mosquito-populations/
Wolbachia phylogenomics - Michael GerthWolbachia phylogenomics - Michael Gerth
Wolbachia is the most widespread bacterial endosymbiont. It is found in about 40% of all terrestrial arthropods, and in filarial nematodes. Among Wolbachia strains, multiple genetically distinct lineages can be differentiated. These lineages differ in their host spectrum, their prevalence and in the phenotypes they can induce in their hosts. I am interested in reconstructing the evolutionary history of these Wolbachia lineages in order to understand which evolutionary transitions have occurred at what time in the history of Wolbachia ...
https://www.michaelgerth.net/wolbachia-phylogenomics.html
Symmetric and asymmetric mitotic segregation patterns influence Wolbachia distribution in host somatic tissue | Journal of Cell...Symmetric and asymmetric mitotic segregation patterns influence Wolbachia distribution in host somatic tissue | Journal of Cell...
Bacteria and viral host pathogens exhibit tissue-specific host tropisms. Much of this tropism is explained by routes of entry during infection and subsequent cell-to-cell migration (Ireton, 2007; Sieczkarski and Whittaker, 2005). Less well explored are mechanisms that regulate the tissue distribution of obligate intracellular bacteria that are inherited through the germline. Of particular interest is the segregation of intracellular pathogens in mitotically active host cells, as this might be an important mechanism to spread infection to specific tissue types during host development. Wolbachia is a bacterial endosymbiont that infects numerous insect species and is an effective system in which to identify the factors that control pathogen distribution in host tissue (Serbus et al., 2008; Werren et al., 2008). Although much research has focused on Wolbachia germline concentration and transmission, a number of studies have convincingly demonstrated that Wolbachia are present in a broad array of ...
http://jcs.biologists.org/content/122/24/4570.long
Birth of a W sex chromosome by horizontal transfer of Wolbachia bacterial symbiont genome | Proceedings of the National Academy...Birth of a W sex chromosome by horizontal transfer of Wolbachia bacterial symbiont genome | Proceedings of the National Academy...
These findings raise the question of whether the Wolbachia insert was integrated in the female sex-determining region of the native W sex chromosome of the pillbug genome, or was integrated in another genomic locus that has since become a new sex-determining region. To distinguish between these two hypotheses, we performed genetic crosses spanning three generations (Materials and Methods). We predicted that F2 progenies should exclusively consist of females if the Wolbachia insert were linked to the native female sex-determining region of the pillbug genome, or up to 50% males if the Wolbachia insert occurred in a ZZ genetic male background (i.e., lacking the native female sex-determining region). We found that all 25 F2 progenies (939 individuals) were composed of ,21% males, thus verifying the second prediction (Table S2). These results provide direct evidence that the Wolbachia insert was integrated in a genetic background lacking the female sex-determining region of the native W sex ...
http://www.pnas.org/content/113/52/15036.full
University of Glasgow - Research Institutes - Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation - MRC-University of Glasgow...University of Glasgow - Research Institutes - Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation - MRC-University of Glasgow...
A primary aim is to fully understand the mechanisms of Wolbachia-mediated arbovirus transmission blocking in mosquitoes. The viruses studied include dengue and Zika, in the most important mosquito vector species Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. We are examining the interactions between these mosquito hosts and various native and non-native strains of Wolbachia, including bacterial density (which correlates positively with degree of virus-blocking), interactions between Wolbachia strains in multi-strain infections, and the modulation of various host cellular metabolic pathways by Wolbachia that can impact on virus transmission.. We are also working towards collaborative open field trials in Malaysia in both mosquito species, using various Wolbachia strains to reduce the transmission of dengue and other mosquito-borne viruses. This includes creation of new transinfected lines, and characterization of the effects on mosquito fitness and viral susceptibility.. ...
https://www.gla.ac.uk/researchinstitutes/iii/cvr/staff/groups/sinkinsgroup/
Contents - Symbiotic Bacteria - Phrygane Entomology Blog
Introduction 273. Wolbachia diversity 274. The Wolbachia pandemic in crustaceans 274. Phylogenetic relationships among Wolbachia strains 277. Wolbachia diversity within species and individuals 277. Crustacean Wolbachia genomics 278. Feminization induction 279. Sex differentiation in crustaceans 279. Species-specificity of androgenic hormone and Wolbachia strains 280. Evolutionary consequences of Wolbachia-isopod interactions 284. Diverse sex-ratio distorters in Armadillidium vulgare 284. Theoretical predictions and intragenomic conflicts 284. Distribution in field populations and consequences 286. Wolbachia consequences in host life history traits 287. Conclusion: dynamic evolution of sex determination in Armadillidium vulgare 288. Acknowledgments 289. References 289. ...
https://www.phrygane.tk/symbiotic-bacteria/contents-ymh.html
Dynamics of infection with Wolbachia in Hypera postica (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) during invasion and establishment.Dynamics of infection with Wolbachia in Hypera postica (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) during invasion and establishment.
The process of loss or gain of parasites during invasion of new lands is not well understood. The alfalfa weevil Hypera postica is an invasive pest of various leguminous crops and consists of three major mitochondrial haplotypes, Western, Egyptian and Eastern. The Western strain is infected with the endosymbiotic proteobacteria Wolbachia, that cause unidirectional complete reproductive incompatibility, in its native (Europe) and an introduced (the United States) ranges. However, our preliminary screening of a few introduced populations in Northern Kyushu, southwestern Japan, failed to detect Wolbachia from the Western strain. A larger-scale and historical assessment of Wolbachia infection may allow to estimate when and how the bacteria were lost, and current geographical distribution of infection among host haplotypes. In this study, we aim to assess the Wolbachia-infection status of H. postica populations throughout Northern Kyushu, where H. postica invasion to Japan was first found. A ...
https://www.cabi.org/isc/abstract/20153380001
Modelling The Introduction of Wolbachia Into Aedes Aegypti Mosquitoes to Reduce Dengue Transmission | IL-MathsModelling The Introduction of Wolbachia Into Aedes Aegypti Mosquitoes to Reduce Dengue Transmission | IL-Maths
Meksianis Zadrak Ndii, Roslyn I Hickson, Geoffry N Mercer Abstract Infecting Aedes aegypti mosquitoes with the bacteria Wolbachia has been proposed as an innovative new strategy to reduce the transmission of dengue fever. Field trials are currently being undertaken in Queensland, Australia. However, few mathematical models have been developed to consider the persistence of Wolbachia-…
https://ilmaths.wordpress.com/2014/03/27/modelling-the-introduction-of-wolbachia-into-aedes-aegypti-mosquitoes-to-reduce-dengue-transmission/
Browse Technologies | Center for Technology Transfer & CommercializationBrowse Technologies | Center for Technology Transfer & Commercialization
This technology is a transgenic method of controlling arthropod pest and disease vectors such as mosquito populations, by manipulating reproductive viability. Some strains of the intracellular Wolbachia bacterium found naturally in some arthropods can been used to control pest populations by altering reproductive success. The presence of this bacterium in males can lead to the death of offspring, when these males mate with uninfected females. Two of the genes in the Wolbachia bacterium which induce this loss of offspring viability have been identified. Our data reveals that these genes can be directly expressed in arthropods to have a similar effect in the absence of the bacterium. This technology can be used to transgenically target and reduce arthropod populations.. ...
https://cttc.co/technologies/education?page=0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1
Zika: The Warnings About Wolbachia and Culex Our Health Authorities are Ignoring - InfoBarrel
Over the past few days, Ive been shocked to see and hear obvious attempts to downplay Zikas similarities to West Nile virus. And what I discovered sent chills up my spine. Its possible that a seemingly harmless mosquito control method (using the bacterium Wolbachia) could enhance the Zika virus in Culex mosquitoes. And Culex have finally been acknowledged as a vector of Zika (by the WHO). In California and Florida, Culex mosquitoes are everywhere. And it appears that dangerous decisions have been (and are being) made by our public health authorities that we can never undo.
https://www.infobarrel.com/Zika_The_Warnings_Our_Health_Authorities_are_Ignoring
Another Horizontal Gene Transfer Fairy Tale | The Institute for Creation ResearchAnother Horizontal Gene Transfer Fairy Tale | The Institute for Creation Research
As the genomes of many new creatures rapidly fill the public DNA sequence databases, the problems for the grand evolutionary story are becoming overwhelming. One issue is the fact that different creatures have unique sets of genes specific to their kind with no apparent evolutionary history. To explain this glaring problem, evolutionists have resorted to the myth of pervasive horizontal gene transfer.. Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is the process whereby genes are transferred from one type of creature to another without sexual reproduction. Earlier in my career, I participated in a study (published in the journal Science), in which we found that the pathogenic bacterium Wolbachia had transferred large portions of its DNA into the genomes of both worms and insects.1 The Wolbachia bacterium is able to do this extraordinary feat by targeting the cells of reproductive organs so that the transferred DNA is literally inherited in the host. However, we also observed that very few of these transferred ...
http://www.icr.org/article/8673/282/
Beyond Pesticides Daily News Blog State/Local Archives - Page 2 of 35 - Beyond Pesticides Daily News Blog
Beyond Pesticides, May 1, 2017) The Florida Keys Mosquito Control District released 20,000 male mosquitoes infected with Wolbachia bacteria near Key West, as a trial strategy to manage mosquitoes that carry Zika and other viruses. The district and others have been exploring new ways to suppress infected Aedes aegypti mosquito populations, which thrive in urban environments and can spread Zika, dengue fever, and chikungunya. It is unclear what impacts, if any, these infected mosquitoes will have on non-target organisms or public health. The trial is the second U.S. test conducted with the naturally occurring Wolbachia bacteria in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, developed by the Kentucky-based company MosquitoMate. The first test occurred in Clovis, California, last year. In September 2016, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), which registers mosquito control products, approved and expanded an experimental use permit (EUP) for Wolbachia pipientis-infected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes (not to be ...
https://beyondpesticides.org/dailynewsblog/category/statelocal/page/2/
Small steps or giant leaps for male-killers? Phylogenetic constraints to male-killer host shifts | BMC Evolutionary Biology |...Small steps or giant leaps for male-killers? Phylogenetic constraints to male-killer host shifts | BMC Evolutionary Biology |...
Arthropods are infected by a wide diversity of maternally transmitted microbes. Some of these manipulate host reproduction to facilitate population invasion and persistence. Such parasites transmit vertically on an ecological timescale, but rare horizontal transmission events have permitted colonisation of new species. Here we report the first systematic investigation into the influence of the phylogenetic distance between arthropod species on the potential for reproductive parasite interspecific transfer. We employed a well characterised reproductive parasite, a coccinellid beetle male-killer, and artificially injected the bacterium into a series of novel species. Genetic distances between native and novel hosts were ascertained by sequencing sections of the 16S and 12S mitochondrial rDNA genes. The bacterium colonised host tissues and transmitted vertically in all cases tested. However, whilst transmission efficiency was perfect within the native genus, this was reduced following some transfers of
https://bmcevolbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2148-7-238
Molecular detection and identification of Wolbachia endosymbiont in fleas (Insecta: Siphonaptera) | SpringerLinkMolecular detection and identification of Wolbachia endosymbiont in fleas (Insecta: Siphonaptera) | SpringerLink
The aim of this study was to determine the presence and prevalence of Wolbachiabacteria in natural population of fleas (Insecta: Siphonaptera) in Turkey, and to exhibit the molecular...
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12223-019-00692-5
Control strategy for Dengue, malaria increases risk of West Nile virus | Penn State UniversityControl strategy for Dengue, malaria increases risk of West Nile virus | Penn State University
Mosquitoes infected with the bacteria Wolbachia are more likely to become infected with West Nile virus and more likely to transmit the virus to humans, according to a team of researchers.
http://news.psu.edu/story/320471/2014/07/10/research/control-strategy-dengue-malaria-increases-risk-west-nile-virus
Stability of travelling waves in a <i>Wolbachia</i...Stability of travelling waves in a <i>Wolbachia</i...
|p style=text-indent:20px;|Numerous studies have examined the growth dynamics of |i|Wolbachia|/i| within populations and the resultant rate of spatial spread. This spread is typically characterised as a travelling wave with bistable local growth dynamics due to a strong Allee effect generated from cytoplasmic incompatibility. While this rate of spread has been calculated from numerical solutions of reaction-diffusion models, none have examined the spectral stability of such travelling wave solutions. In this study we analyse the stability of a travelling wave solution generated by the reaction-diffusion model of Chan & Kim [|xref ref-type=bibr rid=z177|4|/xref|] by computing the essential and point spectrum of the linearised operator arising in the model. The point spectrum is computed via an Evans function using the compound matrix method, whereby we find that it has no roots with positive real part. Moreover, the essential spectrum lies strictly in the left half plane. Thus, we find that the
http://aimsciences.org/article/doi/10.3934/dcdsb.2018036?viewType=html
UMR CNRS 5558 Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive - Equipe Epigénétique et Formation du ZygoteUMR CNRS 5558 Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive - Equipe Epigénétique et Formation du Zygote
Wolbachia is an endosymbiotic bacteria which is vastly distributed in arthropods and is known for its ability to manipulate the reproduction of its host to favor its own vertical transmission. In flies, Wolbachia causes a sterility syndrome known as Cytoplasmic Incompatibility (CI). CI occurs when sperm from infected males fertilize uninfected eggs. Paternal chromosomes in these eggs appear unable to properly divide during the first zygotic cycle but the molecular bases of this intriguing phenotype remain elusive. We are interested in understanding how Wolbachia interferes with the remodeling of paternal chromatin at fertilization in Drosophila, as well as in the parasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis.. ...
http://lbbe.univ-lyon1.fr/-Equipe-Epigenetique-et-Formation-.html
H]ardOCP: Google Is Releasing 20 Million Bacteria-Infected Mosquitoes in FresnoH]ardOCP: Google Is Releasing 20 Million Bacteria-Infected Mosquitoes in Fresno
Verily, the life sciences arm of Google’s parent company Alphabet, will release about 1 million mosquitoes a week over a 20-week period in two 300-acre neighborhoods in Fresno as a means of exterminating the Zika-carrying Aedes aegypti mosquito, which is prevalent in the area. Verily’s mosquitoes, all male, are infected with a type of bacteria (Wolbachia) that makes females’ eggs unable to produce offspring. You see, the Zika-carrying Aedes aegypti mosquito is prevalent in the area. Earlier this year, a woman contracted the first confirmed case of Zika in Fresno through sexual contact with a partner who had been traveling. Now there’s the fear of the inevitable mosquito-meets-patient if we don’t do something about it. Verily’s plan, called the Debug Project, hopes to now wipe out this potential Zika-carrying mosquito population to prevent further infections. Discussion
https://m.hardocp.com/news/2017/07/16/google_releasing_20_million_bacteriainfected_mosquitoes_in_fresno
New combination therapy of registered re-purposed drugs dramatically shortens anti-Wolbachia therapy for lymphatic filariasis...New combination therapy of registered re-purposed drugs dramatically shortens anti-Wolbachia therapy for lymphatic filariasis...
Lymphatic filariasis (LF), which can cause elephantiasis or hydrocele, swelling of the limbs or scrotum and onchocerciasis, also known as river blindness, affect millions of people in some of the worlds poorest communities. Both are caused by filarial parasites for which the bacterial symbiont Wolbachia is essential for development. Filarial Neglected Tropical Diseases are prioritised for elimination, in line with fulfilment of the 2030 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.
https://www.lstmed.ac.uk/news-events/news/new-combination-therapy-of-registered-re-purposed-drugs-dramatically-shortens-anti
Bacteria Joins Fight Against Mosquito-Borne Disease - RedorbitBacteria Joins Fight Against Mosquito-Borne Disease - Redorbit
Earlier this year, researchers showed that they could cut the lives of disease-carrying mosquitoes in half by infecting them with a bacterium they took from fruit flies. Now, a new report in the December 24th issue of Cell, a Cell Press publication, suggests that their strategy might do one better: The Wolbachia bacteria also makes the mosquitoes more resistant to infection by viruses that are a growing threat to humans, including those responsible for dengue fever and Chikungunya.. Once infected with Wolbachia, Aedes aegypti mosquitoes also become less suitable as hosts for a form of malaria parasite that infects birds, said Scott ONeill of The University of Queensland. (The mosquitoes under study arent natural carriers of human malaria.). This might be very powerful in reducing pathogen transmission by Aedes aegypti to humans, particularly for dengue and Chikungunya, ONeill said. Together with the previously described life-shortening effects, the results suggest we might be able to have ...
http://www.redorbit.com/news/health/1803230/bacteria_joins_fight_against_mosquitoborne_disease/
Rifampicin: New Anti-Wolbachia Drug Regimen Changes Therapeutic Approach For Parasitic Helminth DiseasesRifampicin: New Anti-Wolbachia Drug Regimen Changes Therapeutic Approach For Parasitic Helminth Diseases
Rifampicin antibiotic is a new anti-wolbachia drug that was found to change the therapeutic approach for parasitic helminth diseases.
http://www.medindia.net/news/rifampicin-new-anti-wolbachia-drug-regimen-changes-therapeutic-approach-for-parasitic-helminth-diseases-168663-1.htm
Scientists reveal mechanism behind mosquito-borne-disease blocker used to fight viruses. - Thoth News
Why mosquitoes infected with Wolbachia bacteria dont transmit diseases such as dengue fever, West Nile virus and Zika. A new study from Indiana University may explain how a bacterium called Wolbachia prevents mosquitoes from transmitting deadly diseases such as dengue fever, West Nile virus and Zika. Published today in the journal PLOS Pathogens, the study…
http://www.thothnews.com/health/scientists-reveal-mechanism-behind-mosquito-borne-disease-blocker-used-to-fight-viruses/
Fast evolution observed in butterflies - Wikinews, the free news sourceFast evolution observed in butterflies - Wikinews, the free news source
Scientists reported that they had documented very fast evolution in the butterfly species Hypolimnas bolina. After infection by Wolbachia, the fraction of the population that was male dropped drastically to about one percent of the total population. However, after approximately ten generations (about a year) the male population had rebounded to about 39 percent of the overall population.. In the case of H. bolina, infected females were unable to have male offspring since the male embryos died early on. However, a gene arose which suppressed Wolbachias ability to kill the male offspring, and this gene spread rapidly through the natural H. bolina population.. At this time, it is unknown if the novel gene was a mutation or a pre-existing gene. However, researchers said that regardless, the findings constituted strong evidence that parasites can drive and substantially alter evolution. The research was performed by scientists at the University of Berkeley lead by Sylvain Charlat, a post-doc at ...
https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Fast_evolution_observed_in_butterflies
Symbionticism: December 2015Symbionticism: December 2015
Hybrid zones and the consequences of hybridization have contributed greatly to our understanding of evolutionary processes. Hybrid zones also provide valuable insight into the dynamics of symbiosis since each subspecies or species brings its unique microbial symbionts, including germline bacteria such as Wolbachia, to the hybrid zone. Here, we investigate a natural hybrid zone of two subspecies of the meadow grasshopper Chorthippus parallelus in the Pyrenees Mountains. We set out to test whether co-infections of B and F Wolbachia in hybrid grasshoppers enabled horizontal transfer of phage WO, similar to the numerous examples of phage WO transfer between A and B Wolbachia co-infections. While we found no evidence for transfer between the divergent co-infections, we discovered horizontal transfer of at least three phage WO haplotypes to the grasshopper genome. Subsequent genome sequencing of uninfected grasshoppers uncovered the first evidence for two discrete Wolbachiasupergroups (B and F) ...
http://symbionticism.blogspot.com/2015_12_01_archive.html
PCR-based genetic markers for detection and infection frequency analys by E.M. Becker, L.A. Ball et al.PCR-based genetic markers for detection and infection frequency analys by E.M. Becker, L.A. Ball et al.
Becker, E.M.; Ball, L.A.; and Hintz, W.E., PCR-based genetic markers for detection and infection frequency analysis of the biocontrol fungus Chondrostereum purpureum on Sitka alder and Trembling aspen (1999). ...
https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/aspen_bib/1120/
GM Mosquitoes May Piggyback the Zika Virus | I Am A Guardian
Genetic modification of a male mosquito whose offspring die before they mature and mate can be used to kill a certain kind of mosquito (Aedes aegypti) that carries dengue fever, chikungunya, yellow fever and now Zika virus. Oxitec, a company out of the United Kingdom, produces this mosquito, with an engineered self destruct gene.. This company provides only one of three ways to drastically reduce the number of the offending mosquitoes. The other two ways are using male mosquitoes that have been sterilized by low doses of radiation and/or a mosquito that is infected with the Wolbachia bacteria. These bacteria do not infect humans but prevents eggs of infected females from hatching. All of these approaches entail releasing large numbers of male mosquitoes into the environment.. The Oxitec genetically modified mosquito has been tested in Brazil, the Cayman Islands and a trial has been proposed in Florida. Now the World Health Organization is very interested in the Oxitec mosquito as a viable way ...
http://iamaguardian.com/1829/gm-mosquitoes-may-piggyback-the-zika-virus/
Intergenomic Arms Races: Detection of a Nuclear Rescue Gene of Male-Killing in a Ladybird | proLékaře.czIntergenomic Arms Races: Detection of a Nuclear Rescue Gene of Male-Killing in a Ladybird | proLékaře.cz
1. WerrenJH. ONeillSL. 1997 The evolution of heritable symbionts. ONeillSL. HoffmannAA. WerrenJH. Influential Passengers Oxford Oxford University Press 1 41. 2. MajerusMEN. HurstGDD. 1997 Ladybirds as a model system for the study of male-killing symbionts. Entomophaga 42 13 20. 3. HurstGDD. HurstLD. MajerusMEN. 1997 Cytoplasmic sex-ratio distorters. ONeillSL. HoffmannAA. WerrenJH. Influential Passengers Oxford Oxford University Press 125 154. 4. WerrenJH. 1987 The coevolution of autosomal and cytoplasmic sex ratio factors. J Theor Biol 124 317 334. 5. HurstLD. 1992 Intragenomic conflict as an evolutionary force. P Roy Soc Lond B Bio 248 91 99. 6. OwenDF. ChanterDO. 1969 Population biology of tropical African butterflies. Sex ratio and genetic variation in Acraea encedon. J Zool 157 345 374. 7. MajerusMEN. MajerusTMO. 2000 Female-biased sex ratio due to male-killing in the Japanese ladybird Coccinula sinensis. Ecol Entomol 25 234 238. 8. UyenoyamaMK. FeldmanMW. 1978 The genetics of sex ratio ...
https://www.prolekare.cz/casopisy/plos-pathogens/2010-7/intergenomic-arms-races-detection-of-a-nuclear-rescue-gene-of-male-killing-in-a-ladybird-45657
Wolbachia, normally a symbiont of Drosophila, can be virulent, causing degeneration and early death | PNASWolbachia, normally a symbiont of Drosophila, can be virulent, causing degeneration and early death | PNAS
popcorn has characteristics different from other known strains. The original one described, W. pipientis, was detected in the ovary of the mosquito Culex pipiens. Since then, RLOs have been reported in the salivary glands or Malpighian tubules of mosquitoes (19) and flies (20). However, popcorn is seen to widely proliferate in the brain, muscle, and retina of Drosophila and to cause tissue degeneration and early death of its adult host. The dynamics of its growth, rapid in adults but not in earlier stages, presents an interesting system for the study of the host-symbiont relationship. It is conceivable that the availability of some essential substrate might be limited early on, due to the great developmental demands of the host, whereas in the adult, essentially postmitotic fly, nutrients might become more available, enabling massive proliferation of the bacteria to begin. Alternatively, a repressive mechanism of the host may be released. popcorn may have special features in its life cycle, as ...
https://www.pnas.org/content/94/20/10792?ijkey=0e60e534dde786ed6ceb968d8b17426be1a0cee5&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Heritable Endosymbionts of Drosophila | GeneticsHeritable Endosymbionts of Drosophila | Genetics
Prior to this work there had been no systematic survey of heritable endosymbionts, other than Wolbachia, in Drosophila species. By examining 181 fly strains (from 35 species, 11 species groups) in the genus Drosophila for presence in ovarioles of endosymbionts from any lineage of bacteria (Figure 1), we have gained a more complete picture of the nature and scope of heritable endosymbiotic infections in this group of organisms. The most striking and unexpected result is that only two kinds of heritable endosymbionts were detected in these samples: Wolbachia and Spiroplasma. We contrast this to some other insects that possess a variety of bacterial symbionts, with high representation of Gammaproteobacteria (e.g., Baumann 2005). While our results imply a relatively low incidence of other heritable symbionts that do not cause sex-ratio distortion in Drosophila, such infections may occur in some populations or species. A previous study based on PCR screenings of different tissues of D. paulistorum, ...
http://www.genetics.org/content/174/1/363
I Am A Guardian | Tag Archive | Oxitec
Genetic modification of a male mosquito whose offspring die before they mature and mate can be used to kill a certain kind of mosquito (Aedes aegypti) that carries dengue fever, chikungunya, yellow fever and now Zika virus. Oxitec, a company out of the United Kingdom, produces this mosquito, with an engineered self destruct gene.. This company provides only one of three ways to drastically reduce the number of the offending mosquitoes. The other two ways are using male mosquitoes that have been sterilized by low doses of radiation and/or a mosquito that is infected with the Wolbachia bacteria. These bacteria do not infect humans but prevents eggs of infected females from hatching. All of these approaches entail releasing large numbers of male mosquitoes into the environment.. The Oxitec genetically modified mosquito has been tested in Brazil, the Cayman Islands and a trial has been proposed in Florida. Now the World Health Organization is very interested in the Oxitec mosquito as a viable way ...
http://iamaguardian.com/tag/oxitec/
Lab-Made Mosquitoes Released in Miami
Miami-Dade County in Florida is now home to a new strain of lab-grown Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, altered to carry wolbachia bacteria, which were released in January 2018.
https://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2018/02/13/lab-made-mosquitoes-released-in-miami.aspx
22-Sep-200722-Sep-2007
Sex ratios are distorted by the presence of a maternally inherited bacterium which has the effect of selectively killing male embryos. The authors report ratios of >99% female to nearly 1:1. These were different on different islands and at different times. The genetics of this shift of sex ratios is summarised in one paragraph with some supporting online data. There is not enough information here for anyone to either confirm or challenge their conclusions ...
http://post-darwinist.blogspot.com/2007_09_22_archive.html
Defeating dengue by releasing mosquitoes with virus-blocking bacteriaDefeating dengue by releasing mosquitoes with virus-blocking bacteria
This is the first time when scientists have transformed a population of wild insects to reduce their ability to pass on human diseases. There is no precedent for this, says Jason Rasgon, who studies mosquito-borne diseases at Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, who describes the study as important and groundbreaking. Jan Engelstadter from ETH Zurich, who studies host-parasite evolution, is also impressed. He says, There is a lot of very hard work behind this. The idea to use Wolbachia in this way has been around for a long time, but finally it seems that this may really work.. The same approach might even work for other diseases. Wolbachia also seems to prevent the growth of other mosquito-borne parasites, including West Nile virus and Plasmodium, which causes malaria. However, its proving more difficult to get the bacterium to stably infect the species of mosquito that carry these diseases.. Meanwhile, Engelstadter sounds a note of caution. The virus cannot be expected to sit around ...
http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/notrocketscience/2011/08/24/defeating-dengue-by-releasing-mosquitoes-with-virus-blocking-bacteria/
dna testing lab - Molecular Biologydna testing lab - Molecular Biology
When subjected to molecular examine, species of digeneans believed to be cosmopolitan are often discovered to encompass complexes of species with narrower distributions. We current molecular and morphological proof of transcontinental distributions in two species of Apharyngostrigea Ciurea, 1924, based mostly on samples from Africa and the Americas. Sequences of cytochrome c oxidase I (CO1) and, in some samples, inside transcribed spacer (ITS), revealed Apharyngostrigea pipientis (Faust, 1918) in Tanzania (first recognized African document), Argentina, Brazil, USA and Canada. Sequences from A. pipientis additionally match beforehand revealed sequences recognized as Apharyngostrigea cornu (Zeder, 1800) originating in Mexico.. Hosts of A. pipientis surveyed embody definitive hosts from the Afrotropic, Neotropic and Nearctic, in addition to first and second intermediate hosts from the Americas, together with the kind host and sort area. As well as, metacercariae of A. pipientis had been obtained ...
https://molbiol.net/tag/dna-testing-lab/
An entire bacterial genome discovered inside that of a fruit flyAn entire bacterial genome discovered inside that of a fruit fly
Bacteria have the ability to transfer genes to one another. Now, scientists have found that one species, Wolbachia, has managed to transfer its entire genome into that of a fruit fly. These extreme gene transfers could be more common than we thought, and they have important consequences for genome-sequencing projects. A humble species of fruit…
https://notexactlyrocketscience.wordpress.com/2007/08/30/an-entire-bacterial-genome-discovered-inside-that-of-a-fruit-fly/
Cara peneliti meyakinkan warga menggunakan cara baru demi membasmi demam berdarahCara peneliti meyakinkan warga menggunakan cara baru demi membasmi demam berdarah
Bagaimana cara kami meyakinkan warga bahwa menyebarkan nyamuk yang terinfeksi bakteri Wolbachia bisa menghilangkan demam berdarah?
http://theconversation.com/cara-peneliti-meyakinkan-warga-menggunakan-cara-baru-demi-membasmi-demam-berdarah-86861
Presidency not a death sentence | Science NewsPresidency not a death sentence | Science News
For occupants of the Oval Office, wealth, status and quality medical care more than compensate for any life-shortening effects of stress.
https://www.sciencenews.org/node/15141
SIS Part # 23970111SIS Part # 23970111
23970111 -, OEM=Leybold, Part Type=O Rings, Description=O-RING;VITON;11.5 X 3 MM, Pump Models=WA151;WA501;WA150;WA250;WA500;WAU150;WAU250; ...
http://www.sisweb.com/part/23970111
Endosymbiotic theoryEndosymbiotic theory
Endosymbiotic theory It has been suggested that Proto-mitochondrion be merged into this article or section. (Discuss) It has been suggested that Transfer of
https://www.bionity.com/en/encyclopedia/Endosymbiotic_theory.html
WolbachiaWolbachia
"Wolbachia" at the Encyclopedia of Life The Wolbachia Project at Vanderbilt University Images of Wolbachia (Articles with short ... Wolbachia, especially Wolbachia-caused cytoplasmic incompatibility, may be important in promoting speciation. Wolbachia strains ... The effect of Wolbachia infection on virus replication in insect hosts is complex and depends on the Wolbachia strain and virus ... Some Wolbachia strains have increased their prevalence by increasing their hosts' fecundity. Wolbachia strains captured from ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolbachia
DrosophilaDrosophila
... Wolbachia can reduce viral loads upon infection, and is explored as a mechanism of controlling viral diseases (e.g. ... These endosymbionts can act as reproductive manipulators, such as cytoplasmic incompatibility induced by Wolbachia or male- ... Drosophila species also harbour vertically transmitted endosymbionts, such as Wolbachia and Spiroplasma. ... Dengue fever) by transferring these Wolbachia to disease-vector mosquitoes. The S. poulsonii strain of Drosophila neotestacea ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drosophila
AnaplasmosisAnaplasmosis
Wolbachia sp., Rickettsia sp., and Babesia sp. in Southern Germany". International Journal of Medical Microbiology. Proceedings ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaplasmosis
AlbendazoleAlbendazole
In such cases the Wolbachia are necessary to the survival of the parasitic worms. Elimination of Wolbachia from these filarial ... It inhibits division of Wolbachia and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, turning them into a long "filament" shape as they grow and ... Since Brugia malayi relies on symbiotic Wolbachia, this would mean that albendazole is targeting both the worm and its ... Some parasites (especially filarial nematodes) live in symbiosis with Wolbachia, a type of intracellular parasite bacteria. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albendazole
Lorryia formosaLorryia formosa
Wolbachia, a genus of inherited bacteria common in insects, are known to alter the sex ratio in arthropods and mites. The sex ... It is not known whether the intracellular endosymbiont bacterium Wolbachia is responsible for the alteration in reproductive ... Werren JH, Baldo L, Clark ME (2008). "Wolbachia: master manipulators of invertebrate biology". Nature Reviews Microbiology. 6 ( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorryia_formosa
OnchocerciasisOnchocerciasis
Wolbachia species have been found to be endosymbionts of O. volvulus adults and microfilariae, and are thought to be the ... Research on other antibiotics, such as rifampicin, has shown it to be effective in animal models at reducing Wolbachia both as ... For the treatment of individuals, doxycycline is used to kill the Wolbachia bacteria that live in adult worms. This adjunct ... The antibiotic doxycycline weakens the worms by killing an associated bacterium called Wolbachia, and is recommended by some as ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onchocerciasis
Peeps (novel)Peeps (novel)
Wolbachia, a bacterium, was also mentioned. Peeps was nominated for the 2006 Andre Norton Award, bestowed in May 2007. It was ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peeps_(novel)
Mansonella perstansMansonella perstans
However, in some areas, such as Gabon and Uganda, Wolbachia endosymbionts have not been detected in the microfilariae of M. ... Such lateral gene transfer has occurred in various geographic isolates of B. malayi, in which a fraction of the Wolbachia ... Most current studies are focused on coinfection of M. perstans with other filarial parasites, and the study of Wolbachia ... Taylor MJ, Bandi C, Hoerauf A (2005). "Wolbachia bacterial endosymbionts of filarial nematodes". Advances in Parasitology. 60: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mansonella_perstans
RickettsialesRickettsiales
Another genus of well-known Rickettsiales is the Wolbachia, which infect about two-thirds of all arthropods and nearly all ... S2CID 233921822.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link) Werren JH, Baldo L, Clark ME (2008). "Wolbachia: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rickettsiales
AposymbiosisAposymbiosis
Arthropod infection with Wolbachia can cause sterility and inhibit the transmission of vector-borne diseases. Ecology portal A ... Wolbachia species are common insect endosymbionts and investigation into this species has yielded potential human health ... This relationship between Asobara tabida wasps and Wolbachia is an important model for insect microbiome study. Women who are ... Slatko, Barton E.; Luck, Ashley N.; Dobson, Stephen L.; Foster, Jeremy M. (2014-07-01). "Wolbachia endosymbionts and human ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aposymbiosis
MaleMale
Zimmer, Carl (2001). "Wolbachia: a tale of sex and survival". Science. 292 (5519): 1093-1095. doi:10.1126/science.292.5519.1093 ... In many arthropods, sex is determined by infection with parasitic, endosymbiotic bacteria of the genus Wolbachia. The bacterium ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Male
Muscidifurax uniraptorMuscidifurax uniraptor
This implies that Wolbachia establishes itself early in the females in order to ensure its transfer into further hosts, at the ... Wolbachia is a cytoplasmically inherited intracellular bacterium. It can generally be found in the reproductive organs of its ... However, the bacterium, Wolbachia, has evolved with this species of wasp through vertical transfer to induce irreversible ... There are three primary reasons for why M. uniraptor has become so dependent on Wolbachia for survival and reproduction. The ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscidifurax_uniraptor
SpringtailSpringtail
Feminizing Wolbachia species are widespread in arthropods and nematodes, where they co-evolved with most of their lineages. ... Parthenogenesis (also called thelytoky) is under the control of symbiotic bacteria of the genus Wolbachia, which live, ... Werren, John H.; Zhang, Wan & Guo, Li Rong (1995). "Evolution and phylogeny of Wolbachia: reproductive parasites of arthropods ... Fenn, Katelyn & Blaxter, Mark (2004). "Are filarial nematode Wolbachia obligate mutualist symbionts?" (PDF). Trends in Ecology ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Springtail
Sympatric speciationSympatric speciation
"Asymmetrical Reinforcement and Wolbachia Infection in Drosophila". PLOS Biology. 4 (10): e325. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0040325 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sympatric_speciation
Aedes albopictusAedes albopictus
Wolbachia infection are the most common infection in arthropods today, and over 40% of arthropods have contracted it. Wolbachia ... but without the Wolbachia infection. Wolbachia can also be used to transfer certain genes into the population to further ... Due to Wolbachia's ability to transmit from one host to the next, it can change the average genotype of a population, ... Wolbachia is easily transmitted within the Ae. albopictus mosquito due to the effects it has on fecundity in females. Once ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aedes_albopictus
Instituto Gulbenkian de CiênciaInstituto Gulbenkian de Ciência
Wolbachia is a bacterium commonly present in insect species that can protect their hosts against viruses, including the dengue ... Studies on the bacteria Wolbachia conducted by Luis Teixeira and his research group revealed that a single genomic change can ... Chrostek, Ewa; Teixeira, Luis (2015-02-10). "Mutualism Breakdown by Amplification of Wolbachia Genes". PLOS Biology. 13 (2): ... functions in the Wolbachia bacterium and providing a starting point for the understanding of the widespread insect-Wolbachia ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Gulbenkian_de_Ciência
Dirofilaria immitisDirofilaria immitis
Wolbachia pipientis is an intracellular bacterium that is an endosymbiont of D. immitis. All heartworms are thought to be ... The inflammation occurring at the die-off of adult heartworms or larvae is in part due to the release of Wolbachia bacteria or ... Treating heartworm-positive animals with an antibiotic such as doxycycline to remove Wolbachia may prove to be beneficial, but ... Todd-Jenkins, Karen (October 2007). "The Role of Wolbachia in heartworm disease". Veterinary Forum. 24 (10): 28-30. Wheeler, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirofilaria_immitis
Neil Ferguson (epidemiologist)Neil Ferguson (epidemiologist)
Zhang, Hong; Lui, Roger (7 January 2020). "Releasing Wolbachia-infected Aedes aegypti to prevent the spread of dengue virus: A ... In 2015, Ferguson published a paper titled "Modeling the impact on virus transmission of Wolbachia-mediated blocking of dengue ... "Genome Sequence of the Intracellular Bacterium Wolbachia". PLOS Biology. 2 (3): e76. 16 March 2004. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio. ... of Wolbachia-mediated blocking of dengue virus infection of Aedes aegypti Assessing the epidemiological effect of wolbachia for ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_Ferguson_(epidemiologist)
AcanthocheilonemaAcanthocheilonema
However, Wolbachia is absent in Acanthocheilonema viteae. Since A. Viteae lacks Wolbachia, it is widely used as a negative ... Hartmann, N.; Stuckas, H.; Lucius, R.; Bleiss, W.; Theuring, F.; Kalinna, B. H. (2003). "Trans-species transfer of Wolbachia: ... Intracellular bacteria Wolbachia are prevalent among the different species of nematodes. ... Nematoda: Filarioidea) from Japanese badgers (Meles anakuma): Description, molecular identification, and Wolbachia screening". ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acanthocheilonema
Michael MajerusMichael Majerus
"Male-killing Wolbachia in two species of insect". Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 266 (1420): 735-740. doi:10.1098/rspb. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Majerus
Brugia malayiBrugia malayi
Since the discovery of the importance of Wolbachia bacteria in the life cycle of B. malayi and other nematodes, novel drug ... In a study done by the University of Bonn in Ghana, doxycycline effectively depleted Wolbachia from W. bancrofti. It is likely ... The relationship between the Wolbachia bacteria and B. malayi is not fully understood. Extrapolating from research done with ... "Targeting wolbachia, doxycycline reduces pathology of lymphatic filariasis". 18, September 2006. The World Health ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brugia_malayi
CardiniumCardinium
One of the only other examples of this type of parasitism is the genus Wolbachia, which also infects arthropods. These two ... Dorigatti I, McCormack C, Nedjati-Gilani G, Ferguson NM (February 2018). "Using Wolbachia for Dengue Control: Insights from ... "Candidatus Cardinium" bacteria use many of the same methods to interfere with host reproduction as Wolbachia, including ... induces these conditions in hosts are thought to be different from the mechanisms used by Wolbachia. "Candidatus Cardinium" ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinium
2020 dengue outbreak in Singapore2020 dengue outbreak in Singapore
"Wolbachia mosquito field test 'successful', project expanded to dengue high-risk areas in Choa Chu Kang, Bukit Batok". Channel ... "Anti-dengue Wolbachia mosquito project shows 'promising results'; to cover all Tampines, Yishun HDB towns from July". Channel ... The NEA expanded ongoing studies of new vector control methods involving the release of male mosquitoes carrying the Wolbachia ... bacteria into the field to mate with wild (non-Wolbachia-carrying) females. The resulting eggs are unable to hatch, leading to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_dengue_outbreak_in_Singapore
AlphaproteobacteriaAlphaproteobacteria
Wolbachia) and intracellular pathogens (e.g. Rickettsia). Moreover, the class is sister to the protomitochondrion, the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphaproteobacteria
Adalia bipunctataAdalia bipunctata
1999). "Male killing Wolbachia in two species of insects". Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 266 (1420): 735-740. doi:10.1098 ... This trait is associated with a variety of bacteria (Wolbachia, Rickettsia, and Spiroplasma) which are present in between 0 and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adalia_bipunctata
Pachyrhamma edwardsiiPachyrhamma edwardsii
Bridgeman, Benjamin; Morgan-Richards, Mary; Wheeler, David; Trewick, Steven A. (2018). "First detection of Wolbachia in the New ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pachyrhamma_edwardsii
WO virusWO virus
... is bacteriophage virus that infects bacteria of the genus Wolbachia, which it is named after. This virus is notable ... Bordenstein, Sarah R.; Bordenstein, Seth R. (2016). "Eukaryotic association module in phage WO genomes from Wolbachia". Nature ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WO_virus
Hemiandrus maculifronsHemiandrus maculifrons
Trewick, Steven A.; Wheeler, David; Morgan-Richards, Mary; Bridgeman, Benjamin (2018-04-25). "First detection of Wolbachia in ... These cryptic species are hosts to the intracellular bacteria Wolbachia, which might explain their speciation without ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemiandrus_maculifrons
Hemiandrus noxHemiandrus nox
Bridgeman, B (2018). "First detection of Wolbachia in the New Zealand biota". PLOS ONE. 13 (4): e0195517. Bibcode:2018PLoSO.. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemiandrus_nox
Jacinta DuncanJacinta Duncan
Scientists have manipulated Wolbachia so it blocks the growth of virus inside the mosquito. As a result, transmission of the ... This Wolbachia infection is transmitted through the female line. When infected males mate with uninfected females the progeny ... Recently scientists have managed to use Wolbachia bacteria to control outbreaks of dengue fever. Mosquitoes are a vector for ... Sturmer, J. (2014) Researchers want Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes unleashed on Townsville in bid to eradicate dengue fever. ABC ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacinta_Duncan
Mosquitoes with Wolbachia for reducing numbers of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes | Mosquitoes | CDCMosquitoes with Wolbachia for reducing numbers of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes | Mosquitoes | CDC
What you need to know about professional use of mosquitoes with Wolbachia for controlling mosquitoes in a community. ... Once an insect dies, the Wolbachia will also die.. *The type of Wolbachia used in these mosquitoes are same types of Wolbachia ... Scientists introduced Wolbachia into Ae. aegypti mosquito eggs.. *When male Ae. aegypti mosquitoes with Wolbachia mate with ... Mosquitoes with Wolbachia are not genetically modified.. How mosquitoes with Wolbachia are used to control Ae. aegypti ...
https://www.cdc.gov/mosquitoes/mosquito-control/community/sit/wolbachia.html
Contact Us | The Wolbachia Project | Vanderbilt UniversityContact Us | The Wolbachia Project | Vanderbilt University
The Wolbachia Project has moved to Penn State! Please visit our new website at: https://wolbachiaproject.org/. ...
https://www.vanderbilt.edu/wolbachiaproject/contact/
Co-speciation in bedbug Wolbachia parallel the pattern in nematode hosts | Scientific ReportsCo-speciation in bedbug Wolbachia parallel the pattern in nematode hosts | Scientific Reports
The remaining five species harboured Wolbachia as well, demonstrating the first known case of 100% prevalence of Wolbachia ... In arthropods, Wolbachia usually are parasitic; if beneficial effects occurs, they can be facultative or obligate, related to ... In arthropods, the prevalence of Wolbachia varies within and among taxa, and no co-speciation events are known. However, one ... Moreover, we show the predicted co-cladogenesis between Wolbachia and their bedbug hosts, also as the first described case of ...
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-25545-y?error=cookies_not_supported&code=4f41f044-44d9-49d0-a801-2c1fc6925232
Wolbachia endosymbiont of Linognathus setosus | Semantic ScholarWolbachia endosymbiont of Linognathus setosus | Semantic Scholar
Wolbachia endosymbiont of Linognathus setosus. National Institutes of Health. Create AlertAlert. ...
https://www.semanticscholar.org/topic/Wolbachia-endosymbiont-of-Linognathus-setosus/7977699
Wolbachia used to counter dengue fever | Hot Topics | Nature Portfolio
Two papers in this issue report an alternative approach to mosquito population control using the bacterium Wolbachia pipientis ... In the first paper, Scott ONeill and colleagues describe a Wolbachia strain derived from fruitflies that significantly reduces ...
https://www.natureasia.com/en/nature/hot-topics/detail/333
Molecular Detection of Bartonella quintana, B. koehlerae, B. henselae, B. clarridgeiae, Rickettsia felis, and Wolbachia...
Evolution of Wolbachia pipientis transmission dynamics in insects. Trends Microbiol. 1999;7:297-302. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar ... The positive PCR products of the two runs for Bartonella, Rickettsia, and Wolbachia were sequenced by using the d-rhodamine ... The prevalences of Bartonella, Rickettsia, and Wolbachia were investigated in 309 cat fleas from France by polymerase chain ... Molecular Detection of Bartonella quintana, B. koehlerae, B. henselae, B. clarridgeiae, Rickettsia felis, and Wolbachia ...
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/9/3/02-0278
View source for Application of Wolbachia in Invertebrate Vector Control - microbewiki
However, ,i>Wolbachia,/i> has not been found to be directly pathogenic to humans. The natural transmission of ,i>Wolbachia,/i> ... Image:Wolbachia picture.jpg,right,thumb,400 x 117 - 27k px,The ovary of fruit fly with Wolbachia (yellow) parasitic infection ( ... br> ==,i>Wolbachia,/i> Transmission Methods== ,br>The most widely known natural means of ,i>Wolbachia,/i> ,i>pipientis,/i> ... Therefore ,i>Wolbachias,/i> successes and persistence depends on the fitness of its host. ,br>,i>Wolbachia,/i> further insures ...
https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Application_of_Wolbachia_in_Invertebrate_Vector_Control&action=edit&oldid=42630
Infectious Diseases: Antiviral Wolbachia Limits Dengue in Malaysia<...
Infectious Diseases : Antiviral Wolbachia Limits Dengue in Malaysia. / Chrostek, Ewa; Hurst, Gregory D.D.; McGraw, Elizabeth A. ... Chrostek, E., Hurst, G. D. D., & McGraw, E. A. (2020). Infectious Diseases: Antiviral Wolbachia Limits Dengue in Malaysia. ... Infectious Diseases: Antiviral Wolbachia Limits Dengue in Malaysia. Current Biology. 2020 Jan 6;30(1):R30-R32. doi: 10.1016/j. ... Chrostek, E, Hurst, GDD & McGraw, EA 2020, Infectious Diseases: Antiviral Wolbachia Limits Dengue in Malaysia, Current ...
https://pennstate.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/infectious-diseases-antiviral-wolbachia-limits-dengue-in-malaysia
The endosymbiont Wolbachia increases insulin/IGF-like signalling in Drosophila - Lancaster EPrintsThe endosymbiont Wolbachia increases insulin/IGF-like signalling in Drosophila - Lancaster EPrints
We show that removal of Wolbachia further reduces IIS and hence enhances the mutant phenotypes, suggesting that Wolbachia ... Wolbachia infection, which is widespread in D. melanogaster in nature and has been estimated to infect 30 per cent of strains ... This effect of Wolbachia infection on IIS could have an evolutionary explanation, and has some implications for studies of IIS ... We measured a range of IIS-related phenotypes in flies ubiquitously mutant for IIS in the presence and absence of Wolbachia. ...
https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/49883/
Wolbachia, Sodalis and trypanosome co-infections in natural populations of Glossina austeni and Glossina pallidipes | Parasites...Wolbachia, Sodalis and trypanosome co-infections in natural populations of Glossina austeni and Glossina pallidipes | Parasites...
The density of Wolbachia infections in the Kenyan G. austeni population was higher than that observed in South African flies. ... Wolbachia infections were present in all G. austeni flies analysed, while in contrast, this symbiont was absent from G. ... Wolbachia has been shown to induce reproductive effects in infected tsetse. This study was conducted to determine the ... G. austeni (n=298) and G. pallidipes (n= 302) were analyzed for infection with Wolbachia and Sodalis using PCR. Trypanosome ...
https://parasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1756-3305-6-232/tables/2
References - Effects of Wolbachia on fitness of the Mediterranean...References - Effects of Wolbachia on fitness of the Mediterranean...
NAIPC , IDIDAS , References , Effects of Wolbachia on fitness of the Mediterranean fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) ...
https://nucleus.iaea.org/sites/naipc/ididas/Lists/References/DispForm.aspx?ID=4865&ContentTypeId=0x0100128BB01579819D42A4DC1A93E823038C
Consistently high incidence of Wolbachia in global fig wasp communities
1. Wolbachia are very common and widespread endosymbionts of arthropods. They can have a considerable effect on their hosts ... We reanalyzed Wolbachia incidence in 172 fig wasp species (including pollinators, non pollinators, gallers and non gallers) ... Consistently high incidence of Wolbachia in global fig wasp communities. Ahmed, Muhammad Zaheerudin; Greyvenstein, Ockert F.C. ... It has been estimated that as many as 40% of arthropod species are infected with Wolbachia, but particular taxonomic groups and ...
https://repository.up.ac.za/handle/2263/39618
Enhancement of Aedes aegypti susceptibility to dengue by Wolbachia is not supported - Enlighten: PublicationsEnhancement of Aedes aegypti susceptibility to dengue by Wolbachia is not supported - Enlighten: Publications
Enhancement of Aedes aegypti susceptibility to dengue by Wolbachia is not supported ... Enhancement of Aedes aegypti susceptibility to dengue by Wolbachia is not supported. Nature Communications, 11, 6111. (doi: ...
https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/230171/
Researchers from LSTM complete analysis of Wolbachia bacterial endosymbiont strains that infect Anopheles mosquitoes | LSTMResearchers from LSTM complete analysis of Wolbachia bacterial endosymbiont strains that infect Anopheles mosquitoes | LSTM
... natural infection of Anopheles mosquitoes with two different strains of Wolbachia. This discovery had opened the door for ... The researchers now present an in-depth analysis of the genomes for these Anopheles-associated Wolbachia strains, led by Dr. ... Heinz, the senior author of the study: "One of the interesting observations is that these two Wolbachia lineages seem to have ... This, in addition to the heterogeneous infection of both host populations with Wolbachia as shown in our earlier work, opens ...
https://www.lstmed.ac.uk/news-events/news/researchers-from-lstm-complete-analysis-of-wolbachia-bacterial-endosymbiont-strains
Cryptocephalus - The Wolbachia ProjectCryptocephalus - The Wolbachia Project
In this search, 0 are Wolbachia positive, 1 is negative, and 0 are unknown. ...
https://wolbachiaprojectdb.org/bug/hexapoda/insecta/coleoptera/chrysomelidae/cryptocephalus
An efficient procedure for purification of the obligate intracellular Wolbachia pipientis and representative amplification of...An efficient procedure for purification of the obligate intracellular Wolbachia pipientis and representative amplification of...
... of DNA of suitable quality for genomic studies with which we demonstrated that the amplified DNA contained all of the Wolbachia ... procedure to representatively amplify Wolbachia genome by multiple displacement amplification from limited infected host tissue ... An efficient procedure for purification of the obligate intracellular Wolbachia pipientis and representative amplification of ... Abstract : procedure to representatively amplify Wolbachia genome by multiple displacement amplification from limited infected ...
https://hal.inrae.fr/view/index/identifiant/hal-00023397
Wolbachia-driven selective sweep in a range expanding insect species<...Wolbachia-driven selective sweep in a range expanding insect species<...
The maternally inherited bacterium Wolbachia is among the most widespread symbionts in insects. Wolbachia typically spreads ... The maternally inherited bacterium Wolbachia is among the most widespread symbionts in insects. Wolbachia typically spreads ... The maternally inherited bacterium Wolbachia is among the most widespread symbionts in insects. Wolbachia typically spreads ... The maternally inherited bacterium Wolbachia is among the most widespread symbionts in insects. Wolbachia typically spreads ...
https://abdn.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/wolbachia-driven-selective-sweep-in-a-range-expanding-insect-spec
Temperature alters Plasmodium blocking by Wolbachia<...Temperature alters Plasmodium blocking by Wolbachia<...
Murdock, CC, Blanford, S, Hughes, GL, Rasgon, JL & Thomas, MB 2014, Temperature alters Plasmodium blocking by Wolbachia, ... Temperature alters Plasmodium blocking by Wolbachia. Courtney C. Murdock, Simon Blanford, Grant L. Hughes, Jason L. Rasgon, ... Temperature alters Plasmodium blocking by Wolbachia. / Murdock, Courtney C.; Blanford, Simon; Hughes, Grant L. et al. ... Dive into the research topics of Temperature alters Plasmodium blocking by Wolbachia. Together they form a unique fingerprint ...
https://researchexperts.utmb.edu/en/publications/temperature-alters-plasmodium-blocking-by-wolbachia
The health and economic benefits of the Wolbachia method | World Mosquito ProgramThe health and economic benefits of the Wolbachia method | World Mosquito Program
Our Wolbachia method Our groundbreaking Wolbachia method can prevent disease. * How it works When mosquitoes carry Wolbachia, ... We have growing evidence for the effectiveness and safety of our Wolbachia method and have set up projects in 12 countries.. To ... Latest research papers and publications on mosquito-borne disease control using the Wolbachia method. ... Explore our story timeline, which all started with a bacterium called Wolbachia. ...
https://www.worldmosquitoprogram.org/en/news-stories/stories/health-and-economic-benefits-wolbachia-method
Cytoplasmic Introgression and Diversity in Wolbachia infected Uzifly Exorista sorbillans (Diptera: Tachinidae)Cytoplasmic Introgression and Diversity in Wolbachia infected Uzifly Exorista sorbillans (Diptera: Tachinidae)
Study assessed the impact of Wolbachia on E. sorbillans diversity, population structure and dynamics. ... Cytoplasmic Introgression and Diversity in Wolbachia infected Uzifly Exorista sorbillans (Diptera: Tachinidae). ... The Wolbachia-induced reproductive alterations bear greater effect on ecological, evolutionary and genetic aspects of a ... Wolbachia through cytoplasmic introgression perhaps promotes the diversity in E. sorbillans populations. Overall, our study ...
https://www.entomoljournal.com/archives/?year=2014&vol=2&issue=4&ArticleId=252
Predicting Wolbachia potential to knock down dengue virus transmission - Institut PasteurPredicting Wolbachia potential to knock down dengue virus transmission - Institut Pasteur
Fitting the mathematical model to empirical data obtained with Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes experimentally challenged with ... by Ferguson and colleagues presents a mathematical framework to predict the likely effect of mosquitoes carrying Wolbachia on ... Releasing mosquitoes infected with the intracellular bacteria Wolbachia is a candidate strategy for dengue control that has ... Predicting Wolbachia potential to knock down dengue virus transmission Louis A Lambrechts 1, * Details. * Corresponding author ...
https://hal-pasteur.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-02011023
Male-killing Wolbachia and mitochondrial selective sweep in a migratory African insect | BMC Ecology and Evolution | Full TextMale-killing Wolbachia and mitochondrial selective sweep in a migratory African insect | BMC Ecology and Evolution | Full Text
All three Wolbachia strains were associated with this haplotype. This indicates that Wolbachia may be driving a selective sweep ... as a means to investigate the population biology and evolutionary history of Wolbachia and its host. A Wolbachia-infected ... Three strains of Wolbachia have recently been identified infecting this species in populations sampled from Tanzania. In this ... This study suggests that three strains of Wolbachia may be driving a selective sweep on armyworm haplotype diversity, and that ...
https://bmcecolevol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2148-12-204
Details for: Wolbachia : › WHO HQ Library catalog
The discovery of Wolbachia in arthropods and nematodes--a historical perspective / W.J. Kozek, R.U. Rao -- Wolbachia: ... The discovery of Wolbachia in arthropods and nematodes--a historical perspective / W.J. Kozek, R.U. Rao -- Wolbachia: ... Wolbachia symbiosis in arthropods / M.E. Clark -- Wolbachia and its importance in veterinary filariasis / L. Kramer ... [et al ... Wolbachia symbiosis in arthropods / M.E. Clark -- Wolbachia and its importance in veterinary filariasis / L. Kramer ... [et al ...
https://kohahq.searo.who.int/cgi-bin/koha/opac-search.pl?q=ccl=su%3A%7BNematode%20infections.%7D&sort_by=relevance_dsc&count=20&limit=su-to:Host-Parasite%20Relations
Casey Bergman Wolbachia TranscriptCasey Bergman Wolbachia Transcript
... casey bergman wolbachia transcript or even at the ancient and life. ... Sharing the wolbachia are unclear, casey bergman wolbachia transcript.. Evidence for a Global Wolbachia Replacement in ... Wolbachia levels were sensitive to changes in host transcription.. The Maternal Effect Gene Wds Controls Wolbachia Titer in ... Role For Endosymbiotic Wolbachia Bacteria And Tlr4 Signal-.. Functional role an early ovarian hormones, casey bergman wolbachia ...
https://studentsstudyhelper.com/flier/58138-ngtet.html
Influence of public hesitancy and receptivity on reactive behaviours towards releases of male Wolbachia-Aedes mosquitoes for...Influence of public hesitancy and receptivity on reactive behaviours towards releases of male Wolbachia-Aedes mosquitoes for...
Knowledge of Project Wolbachia-Singapore was associated with higher hesitancy towards the project and likelihood of reactive ... Tags: Aedes, aegypti, engagement, policy, Project Wolbachia-Singapore, wolbachia. Share this entry. *Share on Facebook ... This study proposes and assesses a model to explain the roles of hesitancy and receptivity towards Project Wolbachia-Singapore ... Influence of public hesitancy and receptivity on reactive behaviours towards releases of male Wolbachia-Aedes mosquitoes for ...
https://www.geneconvenevi.org/articles/influence-of-public-hesitancy-and-receptivity-on-reactive-behaviours-towards-releases-of-male-wolbachia-aedes-mosquitoes-for-dengue-control/
Roly Poly - The Wolbachia ProjectRoly Poly - The Wolbachia Project
I agree that the information entered in this form and my IP address will be shared with the website administrators to process this request ...
https://wolbachiaprojectdb.org/dbpost/6147
Wolbachia: hope for the global biological fight against dengue - InitiativesWolbachia: hope for the global biological fight against dengue - Initiatives
Mosquitoes, when carrying Wolbachia bacteria, prevent the transmission of these arboviruses. The aim is to breed Wolbachia- ... Scientists have succeeded in combating dengue fever thanks to Wolbachia, a bacterium that stops the replication of the virus in ... of the population became carriers of the Wolbachia bacteria (and were still carriers two months after the releases ended). The ...
https://initiatives.media/en/wolbachia-hope-for-the-global-biological-fight-against-dengue/
Latest News and CommentLatest News and Comment
Externalities modulate the effectiveness of the Wolbachia release programme. The Lancet Infectious Diseases ...
https://www.thelancet.com/latest-news-comment?sortBy=relevancy&startPage=&rel=nofollow&SeriesKey=laninf
Effects of <em>Wolbachia</em> infection on the expression of DNA 6mA demethylase gene <em>DMAD</em> in gonads and early embryos...
... with males Wolbachia-infected and females uninfected). 【Results】 Wolbachia infection significantly up-regulated the expression ... Effects of Wolbachia infection on the expression of DNA 6mA demethylase gene DMAD in gonads and early embryos of Drosophila ... Effects of Wolbachia infection on the expression of DNA 6mA demethylase gene DMAD in gonads and early embryos of Drosophila ... Conclusion】 Wolbachia infection may significantly change 6mA level in testes of their Drosophila hosts, and thus result in ...
http://www.insect.org.cn/EN/10.16380/j.kcxb.2017.11.007
IMSEAR at SEARO: Evidence for Wolbachia symbiosis in microfi lariae of Wuchereria bancrofti from West Bengal, India.
Evidence for Wolbachia symbiosis in microfi lariae of Wuchereria bancrofti from West Bengal, India. Journal of Biosciences. ... Wolbachia are symbiotic endobacteria that infect the majority of fi larial nematodes, including Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia ... Evidence for Wolbachia symbiosis in microfi lariae of Wuchereria bancrofti from West Bengal, India. ... Recent studies have suggested that Wolbachia are necessary for the reproduction and survival of fi larial nematodes and have ...
https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/161411?locale=es
BacteriaPipientisBacteriumEndosymbiontsEndosymbiont of Drosophila melanogasterDrosophilaAedesPopulationsStrainsGenusSpeciesArthropodsNatural Wolbachia infectionsNematodeSymbiontsGenomeCytoplasmic IncompatibilityStrainSymbiosisReproductivePrevalenceNematodesRickettsiaInfectionsGenesMalesParasiticInfection statusHaplotype diversityZikaExoristaSorbillansMosquito populationGeneticallySignificantlyPenn StateExperimentallySurface proteinVectorSequencesMolecular
Bacteria20
  • Wolbachia (wohl-bach-ee-uh) is a common type of bacteria found in insects. (cdc.gov)
  • Wolbachia bacteria cannot make people or animals (for example, fish, birds, pets) sick. (cdc.gov)
  • Wolbachia are very common bacteria found in insects throughout the world. (cdc.gov)
  • Wolbachia bacteria, vertically transmitted intracellular endosymbionts, are associated with two major host taxa in which they show strikingly different symbiotic modes. (nature.com)
  • Wolbachia bacteria are a prominent example of mainly vertically transmitted intracellular endosymbionts. (nature.com)
  • Releasing mosquitoes infected with the intracellular bacteria Wolbachia is a candidate strategy for dengue control that has recently advanced to field-testing. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
  • Learning Disabled Eligibility Process Invoice Intracellular bacteria Wolbachia confer resistance to. (studentsstudyhelper.com)
  • Mosquitoes, when carrying Wolbachia bacteria, prevent the transmission of these arboviruses. (initiatives.media)
  • After releasing between 10,000 and 20,000 mosquitoes over a ten-week period, more than 80% of the population became carriers of the Wolbachia bacteria (and were still carriers two months after the releases ended). (initiatives.media)
  • I highly recommend reading this book because I believe that Wolbachia science will grow dramatically in the coming years as an example of the complex relationships between intracellular bacteria and hosts. (cdc.gov)
  • Wolbachia bacteria are endosymbionts frequently found in insects. (insect.org.cn)
  • The wMel strain of the endosymbiotic bacteria Wolbachia pipientis was introduced into the vector as a novel biocontrol strategy to stop transmission of these viruses . (bvsalud.org)
  • Wolbachia are among the most prevalent endosymbiotic bacteria and induce reproductive anomalies in various invertebrate taxa. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Wolbachia surface protein (WSP) is the most plentifully expressed protein of Wolbachia, a Gram-negative endosymbiotic bacteria. (jabonline.in)
  • Bacteria of the genus Wolbachia are bacteria that live within the cells of their hosts. (asu.edu)
  • Wolbachia are maternally transmitted intracellular bacteria that invade insect populations by manipulating their reproduction and immunity and thus limiting the spread of numerous human pathogens. (harvard.edu)
  • Wolbachia is a common bacteria that has the ability to infect up to 70 percent of the world's insect species. (voanews.com)
  • Inflammatory reactions follow the death of microfilariae and are caused by the secretion of toxic products by granulocytes, the deposition of immune complexes in the tissues, and by inflammatory mechanisms induced by release of Wolbachia (bacteria infecting the filariae)‒derived products. (medscape.com)
  • Wolbachia is an endosymbiont bacteria found in many filariae that assists in reproduction and survival, including in O volvulus . (medscape.com)
  • The impact of pathogenic Wolbachia bacteria on the development of the Drosophila nervous system. (albion.edu)
Pipientis3
  • Two papers in this issue report an alternative approach to mosquito population control using the bacterium Wolbachia pipientis , natural insect symbionts that facilitate their own transmission through a process called cytoplasmic incompatibility. (natureasia.com)
  • Here, we test experimentally the hypothesis that a widespread endosymbiont of arthropods, Wolbachia pipientis, can alter the degree to which mutations in genes encoding IIS components affect IIS and its resultant phenotypes. (lancs.ac.uk)
  • Dynamics of Wolbachia pipientis gene expression arXiv. (studentsstudyhelper.com)
Bacterium6
  • The maternally inherited bacterium Wolbachia is among the most widespread symbionts in insects. (elsevier.com)
  • Explore our story timeline, which all started with a bacterium called Wolbachia . (worldmosquitoprogram.org)
  • Scientists have succeeded in combating dengue fever thanks to Wolbachia, a bacterium that stops the replication of the virus in the mosquitoes that carry the disease. (initiatives.media)
  • Journal PLOS Pathogens reports on the development in the lab of an Aedes aegypti strain of mosquito that has been infected with two types of Wolbachia - a bacterium that can reduce the risk of dengue spreading to humans. (abc.net.au)
  • Wolbachia , an intracellular bacterium, has shown promise in achieving this goal. (edu.au)
  • These include Release of Insects Carrying a Dominant Lethal system and Wolbachia , an endosymbiotic bacterium, to inhibit dengue virus in the vector. (who.int)
Endosymbionts4
  • This effect of Wolbachia infection on IIS could have an evolutionary explanation, and has some implications for studies of IIS in Drosophila and other organisms that harbour endosymbionts. (lancs.ac.uk)
  • 1. Wolbachia are very common and widespread endosymbionts of arthropods. (up.ac.za)
  • Wolbachia is a genus containing obligate intracellular endosymbionts with. (studentsstudyhelper.com)
  • Expressed transcripts in Wolbachia endosymbionts that potentially inform the. (studentsstudyhelper.com)
Endosymbiont of Drosophila melanogaster2
  • For three variants of the Wolbachia endosymbiont of Drosophila melanogaster. (studentsstudyhelper.com)
  • Genome comparison of the Wolbachia endosymbiont of B. malayi (wBm) with the Wolbachia endosymbiont of Drosophila melanogaster (wMel) shows that they share similar metabolic trends, although their genomes show a high degree of genome shuffling. (nyu.edu)
Drosophila3
  • Regeneration are mainly due to not fully resolve the wolbachia in drosophila melanogaster genomes, casey bergman wolbachia transcript directly attributable to commemorate the single? (studentsstudyhelper.com)
  • The aim of this study is to investigate the mechanisms of Wolbachia affecting the reproduction of Drosophila from the viewpoint of 6mA methylation. (insect.org.cn)
  • Conclusion】 Wolbachia infection may significantly change 6mA level in testes of their Drosophila hosts, and thus result in death of early embryos derived from Wolbachia -infected males and uninfected females. (insect.org.cn)
Aedes9
  • The Puerto Rico Vector Control Unit is working with the Communities Organized to Prevent Arboviruses (COPA) project in Ponce, Puerto Rico to determine whether mosquitoes with Wolbachia reduce the numbers of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, which spread dengue, chikungunya, and Zika. (cdc.gov)
  • Ant, T. H. , Mancini, M.-V. , Martinez, J. and Sinkins, S. P. (2020) Enhancement of Aedes aegypti susceptibility to dengue by Wolbachia is not supported. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Singapore, a highly urbanized Asian tropical country that experiences periodic dengue outbreaks, is piloting field releases of male Wolbachia-carrying Aedes aegyptimosquitoes with the aim of suppressing urban populations of the primary dengue vector Aedes aegypti. (geneconvenevi.org)
  • This study proposes and assesses a model to explain the roles of hesitancy and receptivity towards Project Wolbachia-Singapore in influencing reactive mosquito prevention behaviors (reactive behaviors) towards the release of Wolbachia-Aedes mosquitoes for residents living in the release sites. (geneconvenevi.org)
  • The model also examines the roles of general knowledge about Wolbachia technology, perceived severity of mosquito bites, perceived density of mosquitoes, and social responsibility as predictors of hesitancy, receptivity, and reactive behaviors towards the release of Wolbachia-Aedes mosquitoes. (geneconvenevi.org)
  • Differences in gene expression in field populations of Wolbachia-infected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes with varying release histories in northern Australia. (bvsalud.org)
  • Laboratory evidence also suggests such Wolbachia biocontrol could be useful for other viruses carried by Aedes aegypti, including Zika, chikungunya and yellow fever virus, Professor Simmons said. (abc.net.au)
  • To reduce the chances of this, Professor Simmons and colleagues have developed a strain of Aedes aegypti that is infected with both wMel and a second strain of Wolbachia called wAlbB, which has also been shown in the lab to reduce the replication of dengue in mosquitoes. (abc.net.au)
  • Researchers at Yale and Vanderbilt University in Tennessee have discovered two genes in Wolbachia that might make Aedes aegypti, the mosquito that carries Zika and Dengue, sterile. (voanews.com)
Populations13
  • and host organisms allows for increased bacterial propagation and persistence in host populations, but Wolbachia are hardly ever found to be beneficial to their. (kenyon.edu)
  • Dr. Quek, the study's first author, explains: "The significantly reduced size of such regions within these two Wolbachia strains is of interest, particularly when viewed in context of their high density and high prevalence rates, in naturally infected Anopheles populations. (lstmed.ac.uk)
  • This, in addition to the heterogeneous infection of both host populations with Wolbachia as shown in our earlier work, opens exciting avenues to understand what factors make Anopheles permissive or impede a symbiosis with Wolbachia . (lstmed.ac.uk)
  • Here, we present the biogeographic variation in Wolbachia prevalence and penetrance across Europe and Japan (including samples from 17 populations), and from close relatives in the Mediterranean area (i.e. (elsevier.com)
  • Results Our data reveal (a) multiple Wolbachia-strains, (b) potential transfer of the symbiont through hybridization, (c) higher infection rates at higher latitudes, and (d) reduced mitochondrial diversity in the north-west populations, indicative of hitchhiking associated with the selective sweep of the most common strain. (elsevier.com)
  • We found low mitochondrial haplotype diversity in the Wolbachia-infected north-western European populations (Sweden, Scotland, the Netherlands, Belgium, France and Italy) of I. elegans, and, conversely, higher mitochondrial diversity in populations with low penetrance of Wolbachia (Ukraine, Greece, Montenegro and Cyprus). (elsevier.com)
  • Wolbachia through cytoplasmic introgression perhaps promotes the diversity in E. sorbillans populations. (entomoljournal.com)
  • Three strains of Wolbachia have recently been identified infecting this species in populations sampled from Tanzania. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this study, we examined the interaction between Wolbachia pipiensis infections and the co-inherited marker, mtDNA, within populations of armyworm, as a means to investigate the population biology and evolutionary history of Wolbachia and its host. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mosquitoes with Wolbachia have been released in the field in Northern Queensland , Australia since 2011, at various locations and over several years, with populations remaining stably infected. (bvsalud.org)
  • We sampled mosquitoes from Wolbachia -infected populations with three different release histories along a time gradient and performed RNA-seq to investigate gene expression changes in the insect host. (bvsalud.org)
  • 8 years post-introgression into field populations , Wolbachia continues to profoundly impact expression of host genes , such as those involved in insect immune response and metabolism . (bvsalud.org)
  • Wolbachia is transmitted through the females to the next generation, which means the bacterial infection can spread rapidly through mosquito populations. (abc.net.au)
Strains11
  • Wolbachia infection, which is widespread in D. melanogaster in nature and has been estimated to infect 30 per cent of strains in the Bloomington stock centre, can affect broad aspects of insect physiology, particularly traits associated with reproduction. (lancs.ac.uk)
  • Researchers from LSTM have now completed an in-depth analysis of the genomes for two Wolbachia bacterial endosymbiont strains that infect Anopheles mosquitoes. (lstmed.ac.uk)
  • As part of a large international team including scientists from Cameroon, the DRC and the UK including LSTM's mosquito microbiome researchers Dr. Grant Hughe s and Dr. Eva Heinz had previously published the first strong evidence for a high density, natural infection of Anopheles mosquitoes with two different strains of Wolbachia . (lstmed.ac.uk)
  • The researchers now present an in-depth analysis of the genomes for these Anopheles -associated Wolbachia strains, led by Dr. Shannon Quek. (lstmed.ac.uk)
  • This showed that, while both strains had reduced genome sizes compared to previously sequenced Wolbachia , they still contained metabolic pathways commonly associated with Wolbachia -host interactions. (lstmed.ac.uk)
  • All three Wolbachia strains were associated with this haplotype. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study suggests that three strains of Wolbachia may be driving a selective sweep on armyworm haplotype diversity, and that based on COI sequence data, S. exempta is not a monophyletic group within the Spodoptera genus. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The results of their study showed that mosquitoes that fed on blood from adult dengue patients had even less virus in their tissues than earlier strains of Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes. (abc.net.au)
  • Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA sequences revealed a high diversity of Wolbachia strains and identified lineages different from those described in the African malaria mosquitoes. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Regarding to identification of Wolbachia-infected strain of T. brassicae and relative advantages of thelytokous strain, these treatments were applied on thelytokous and arrhenotokous strains of Trichogramma. (ac.ir)
  • Evidence also indicates that differences seen in the severe and mild strains of O volvulus relate to the amount of Wolbachia symbiote found in the different strains. (medscape.com)
Genus3
  • Although there is accumulating data on the consequences of such expansion on the genetics of I. elegans, no study has screened for Wolbachia in the damselfly genus Ischnura. (elsevier.com)
  • Inherited bacterial symbionts from the genus Wolbachia have attracted much attention by virtue of their ability to manipulate the reproduction of their arthropod hosts. (entomoljournal.com)
  • The most common genus detected was Wolbachia. (usda.gov)
Species15
  • Mosquitoes with Wolbachia will only work to reduce numbers of target mosquito species, not other types of mosquitoes. (cdc.gov)
  • In some taxa of filarial nematodes, where Wolbachia are strictly obligately beneficial to the host, they show complete within- and among-species prevalence as well as co-phylogeny with their hosts. (nature.com)
  • However, one arthropod species, the common bedbug Cimex lectularius was recently found to be dependent on the provision of biotin and riboflavin by Wolbachia , representing a unique case of Wolbachia providing nutritional and obligate benefits to an arthropod host, perhaps even in a mutualistic manner. (nature.com)
  • The remaining five species harboured Wolbachia as well, demonstrating the first known case of 100% prevalence of Wolbachia among higher arthropod taxa. (nature.com)
  • It has been estimated that as many as 40% of arthropod species are infected with Wolbachia, but particular taxonomic groups and ecological niches display significantly higher or lower incidences. (up.ac.za)
  • 80% of fig wasp species are infected with Wolbachia, which is far higher than putative global infection rates in arthropods. (up.ac.za)
  • Dr. Heinz, the senior author of the study: "One of the interesting observations is that these two Wolbachia lineages seem to have been acquired by the two Anopheles species independently. (lstmed.ac.uk)
  • Wolbachia typically spreads within host species by conferring direct fitness benefits, and/or by manipulating its host reproduction to favour infected over uninfected females. (elsevier.com)
  • Although, quantitatively, the genome is even more degraded than those of closely related Rickettsia species, Wolbachia has retained more intact metabolic pathways. (nyu.edu)
  • A total of 26 species (12.8%) belonging to 11 families harbored Wolbachia . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Despite the controversy over the taxonomic status, the prevailing view is that Wolbachia in various hosts should be considered a single species divided into 14 supergroups (Glowska et al. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 2016 ). Since the order, Coleoptera is the largest group of insects and includes pest species affecting economic activity in Korea (see Moon and Lee 2015 ), we determined to investigate the Wolbachia infection frequency in the insects collected in Korea. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recent two in-depth reviews show that the Wolbachia infection frequency in beetle species is about 38% and 27% respectively (Kajtoch et al. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Results: Low titer of Wolbachia DNA was detected in 13/370 samples in six malaria vector species. (ox.ac.uk)
  • To study the impact of Wolbachia surface protein (WSP) on reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in ethanol (EtOH)-exposed HepG2 cells. (jabonline.in)
Arthropods4
  • In arthropods, the prevalence of Wolbachia varies within and among taxa, and no co-speciation events are known. (nature.com)
  • Moreover, we show the predicted co-cladogenesis between Wolbachia and their bedbug hosts, also as the first described case of Wolbachia co-speciation in arthropods. (nature.com)
  • Importantly, across their two major host groups, arthropods and filarial nematodes, Wolbachia vary in whether and how much they benefit their host 10 . (nature.com)
  • Wolbachia exist in between seventeen percent and seventy-six percent of arthropods and nematodes. (asu.edu)
Natural Wolbachia infections2
  • Background: Natural Wolbachia infections in malaria mosquitoes were recently reported in Africa, and negatively correlated with the development of Plasmodium falciparum in the vectors. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Conclusion: These low-density genetically diverse natural Wolbachia infections question the ecology and biology of Wolbachia-Anopheles interactions in Southeast Asia. (ox.ac.uk)
Nematode3
  • Wolbachia organisms became noteworthy in tropical medicine when they were found in nematode worms, specifically those causing filariasis. (cdc.gov)
  • Complete genome DNA sequence and analysis is presented for Wolbachia, the obligate alpha-proteobacterial endosymbiont required for fertility and survival of the human filarial parasitic nematode Brugia malayi. (nyu.edu)
  • The ability to provide riboflavin, flavin adenine dinucleotide, heme, and nucleotides is likely to be Wolbachia's principal contribution to the mutualistic relationship, whereas the host nematode likely supplies amino acids required for Wolbachia growth. (nyu.edu)
Symbionts1
  • Here, we studied the effects, interactions, and localization of two bacterial symbionts-Wolbachia and Rickettsia-in the parasitoid Spalangia endius. (mpg.de)
Genome1
  • procedure to representatively amplify Wolbachia genome by multiple displacement amplification from limited infected host tissue (0.2 g or 2 x 107 cell line). (inrae.fr)
Cytoplasmic Incompatibility4
  • The Effect of Wolbachia Titer on the Cytoplasmic Incompatibility. (studentsstudyhelper.com)
  • Cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) is the most common defect induced by Wolbachia , which arrests the development of embryos from uninfected females that are mated with Wolbachia -infected males. (insect.org.cn)
  • This analysis clearly shows that cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) does not guarantee establishment of the Wolbachia -infected (WI) mosquitoes as imperfect maternal transmission and loss of Wolbachia infection could outweigh the gains from CI. (edu.au)
  • We crossed between four S. endius colonies-Wolbachia only (W), Rickettsia only (R), both (WR), and none (aposymbiotic, APS) (16 possible crosses) and found that Wolbachia induces incomplete cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), both when the males are W or WR. (mpg.de)
Strain5
  • In the first paper, Scott O'Neill and colleagues describe a Wolbachia strain derived from fruitflies that significantly reduces dengue virus carriage in mosquitoes without imposing a fitness cost. (natureasia.com)
  • Very recently, the Asian malaria vector (Anopheles stephensi) was stably transinfected with the wAlbB strain of Wolbachia, inducing refractoriness to the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. (utmb.edu)
  • The insect strain could also be useful in preventing the dengue virus developing resistance to Wolbachia, he added. (abc.net.au)
  • In recent years, scientists have found they can limit the replication of these viruses in mosquitoes by injecting mosquitoes with a strain of Wolbachia called wMel. (abc.net.au)
  • Phase III field trials of mosquitoes infected with the wMel strain of Wolbachia are set to begin in Indonesia, Vietnam and Latin America early next year. (abc.net.au)
Symbiosis2
  • IMSEAR at SEARO: Evidence for Wolbachia symbiosis in microfi lariae of Wuchereria bancrofti from West Bengal, India. (who.int)
  • We present data from molecular and electron microscopic studies to provide evidence for Wolbachia symbiosis in W. bancrofti microfi lariae collected from two districts (Bankura and Birbhum) of West Bengal, India. (who.int)
Reproductive4
  • The Wolbachia-induced reproductive alterations bear greater effect on ecological, evolutionary and genetic aspects of a particular host. (entomoljournal.com)
  • Through these processes, Wolbachia provides infected host-females with a relative reproductive advantage over uninfected females [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The invasive reproductive number that determines the likelihood of replacement of the Wolbachia -uninfected (WU) population is derived and with it, we established the local and global stability of the equilibrium points. (edu.au)
  • Rickettsia did not cause reproductive manipulations and did not rescue the Wolbachia-induced CI. (mpg.de)
Prevalence1
  • There was a strong association between Wolbachia infection status and mtDNA haplotype, with a single dominant haplotype, haplo1 (90.2% prevalence), harbouring the endosymbiont. (biomedcentral.com)
Nematodes2
  • Wolbachia are symbiotic endobacteria that infect the majority of fi larial nematodes, including Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi and Onchocerca volvulus. (who.int)
  • Recent studies have suggested that Wolbachia are necessary for the reproduction and survival of fi larial nematodes and have highlighted the use of antibiotic therapy such as tetracycline/ doxycycline as a novel method of treatment for infections caused by these organisms. (who.int)
Rickettsia1
  • Using fluorescence in situ hybridization microscopy in females, we found that Wolbachia is localized alongside Rickettsia inside oocytes, follicle cells, and nurse cells in the ovaries. (mpg.de)
Infections4
  • This has clear implications for the use of mtDNA as neutral genetic markers in insects, and also demonstrates the impact of Wolbachia infections on host evolutionary genetics. (biomedcentral.com)
  • United statesvaluable in wolbachia infections are such as a gwas analyses reconstructing the baf complexes have disappeared shortly after joining by casey bergman wolbachia transcript or redundant pathways of vascular endothelial cells. (studentsstudyhelper.com)
  • However, broad-scale surveys of Wolbachia infections at the order scale, including the order Coleoptera, are limited. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The occurrence and effects of Wolbachia infections outside Africa have not been described and may have been underestimated. (ox.ac.uk)
Genes3
  • Dna breaks in the most ecig related motor neuron regulates aging in zebrafish larvae, the human genes implicated in viral range length, casey bergman wolbachia transcript accumulation. (studentsstudyhelper.com)
  • Nonetheless, a fundamental signature of Wolbachia infection on host gene expression was observed across all releases, comprising upregulation of immunity (e.g. leucine -rich repeats, CLIPs ) and metabolism (e.g. lipid metabolism , iron transport) genes . (bvsalud.org)
  • Both Wolbachia have lost a considerable number of membrane biogenesis genes that apparently make them unable to synthesize lipid A, the usual component of proteobacterial membranes. (nyu.edu)
Males3
  • The embryos examined were from three different crosses: TT (the control, with both males and females uninfected), TW (viable, males were uninfected while females were Wolbachia -infected), and WT (lethal CI embryos, with males Wolbachia -infected and females uninfected). (insect.org.cn)
  • In non-CI crosses, the presence of Wolbachia in males caused a significant reduction in offspring numbers. (mpg.de)
  • When infected males and uninfected females mate, Wolbachia kills any eggs the female is carrying. (voanews.com)
Parasitic1
  • The ovary of fruit fly with Wolbachia (yellow) parasitic infection (left) compared to an ovary without an infection (right). (kenyon.edu)
Infection status2
  • School Library Sd033 Endosymbiont Wolbachia infection status with disease. (studentsstudyhelper.com)
  • There have been studies on the Wolbachia infection status in various coleopteran insects (Werren et al. (biomedcentral.com)
Haplotype diversity1
  • This indicates that Wolbachia may be driving a selective sweep on armyworm haplotype diversity. (biomedcentral.com)
Zika1
  • Over time, the Wolbachia-infected mosquitos replaced the Zika- and Dengue-infected mosquitos by making them sterile. (voanews.com)
Exorista1
  • Although there is information on the impact of WSP on different varieties of human cells, however, the information on the impact of WSP (got from Wolbachia of Exorista sorbillans ) on EtOH produced toxicity in reference to flow cytometric study of ROS production and oxidative stress in HepG2 cells is not found out yet. (jabonline.in)
Sorbillans2
  • In the present investigation, we examined diversity in E. sorbillans infected with Wolbachia. (entomoljournal.com)
  • Overall, our study assessed the impact of Wolbachia on E. sorbillans diversity, population structure and dynamics. (entomoljournal.com)
Mosquito population1
  • The other approach that worked was introduce male and female mosquitos, both infected with Wolbachia, into a mosquito population. (voanews.com)
Genetically1
  • Mosquitoes with Wolbachia are not genetically modified. (cdc.gov)
Significantly1
  • Results】 Wolbachia infection significantly up-regulated the expression of DMAD in testes of 1-day-old flies, but had no effects on DMAD expression in ovaries. (insect.org.cn)
Penn State1
Experimentally1
  • Fitting the mathematical model to empirical data obtained with Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes experimentally challenged with viremic blood from dengue patients indicates that dengue virus transmission could be reduced by a degree that would have a significant impact on public health. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
Surface protein1
  • The phylogenetic trees of based on partial 16S rRNA gene sequences and partial Wolbachia surface protein ( wsp ) gene sequences were largely incongruent to that of their hosts. (biomedcentral.com)
Vector1
  • Her Malaria research includes themes of Vector, Wolbachia and Virology. (research.com)
Sequences1
  • Assigning each dot represents a novel candidates for rent but biologically significant variability between surrogate for glucagon release of sequences altered by casey bergman wolbachia transcript profiles is neuritically localized. (studentsstudyhelper.com)
Molecular1
  • Molecular Diagnosis as well as Anatomical Detection associated with Wolbachia Endosymbiont throughout Wild-Caught Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) Mosquitoes and other from Sumatera Utara, Philippines. (alk-inhibitors.com)
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