Laryngeal Diseases
Vocal Cords
Vocal Cord Paralysis
Copying Processes
Vocal Cord Dysfunction
Laryngoscopy
Projective Techniques
Asthma, Exercise-Induced
Spinal Cord Diseases
Respiration Disorders
Asthma
Spinal Cord
Larynx
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve
Spinal Cord Compression
Laryngeal Muscles
Glottis
Voice Disorders
Phonation
Voice Quality
Spinal Cord Injuries
Laryngeal Edema
Laryngitis
Cricoid Cartilage
Laryngeal Neoplasms
Voice
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injuries
Intubation, Intratracheal
Arytenoid Cartilage
Laryngostenosis
Validity of a new respiratory resistance measurement device to detect glottal area change. (1/4)
(+info)The digital AcuBlade laser system to remove huge vocal fold granulations following subglottic airway stent. (2/4)
(+info)Acoustic and capacity analysis of voice academic teachers with diagnosed hyperfunctional dysphonia by using DiagnoScope Specialist software. (3/4)
(+info)Can flow-volume loops be used to diagnose exercise induced laryngeal obstructions? A comparison study examining the accuracy and inter-rater agreement of flow volume loops as a diagnostic tool. (4/4)
(+info)Laryngeal diseases refer to conditions that affect the structure and function of the larynx, also known as the voice box. The larynx is a complex structure composed of cartilages, muscles, membranes, and mucous glands that play essential roles in breathing, swallowing, and vocalization.
Laryngeal diseases can be categorized into several types based on their causes and manifestations. Some common laryngeal diseases include:
1. Laryngitis: Inflammation of the larynx that can cause hoarseness, throat pain, coughing, and difficulty swallowing. Acute laryngitis is often caused by viral infections or irritants, while chronic laryngitis may result from prolonged exposure to smoke, chemicals, or acid reflux.
2. Vocal cord lesions: Abnormal growths on the vocal cords, such as polyps, nodules, or cysts, that can affect voice quality and cause hoarseness, breathiness, or pain. These lesions are often caused by overuse, misuse, or trauma to the vocal cords.
3. Laryngeal cancer: Malignant tumors that develop in the larynx and can invade surrounding structures, such as the throat, neck, and chest. Laryngeal cancer is often associated with smoking, alcohol consumption, and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.
4. Laryngeal stenosis: Narrowing of the airway due to scarring or thickening of the tissues in the larynx. This condition can cause difficulty breathing, wheezing, and coughing, especially during physical activity or sleep.
5. Reinke's edema: Swelling of the vocal cords caused by fluid accumulation in the mucous membrane that covers them. Reinke's edema is often associated with smoking and can cause hoarseness, low voice, and difficulty projecting the voice.
6. Laryngeal papillomatosis: A rare condition characterized by the growth of benign tumors (papillomas) in the larynx, usually caused by HPV infection. These tumors can recur and may require repeated surgeries to remove them.
7. Vocal cord paralysis: Inability of one or both vocal cords to move due to nerve damage or other medical conditions. This condition can cause hoarseness, breathiness, and difficulty speaking or swallowing.
These are some of the common laryngeal disorders that can affect a person's voice, breathing, and swallowing functions. Proper diagnosis and treatment by an otolaryngologist (ear, nose, and throat specialist) are essential to manage these conditions effectively and prevent complications.
Vocal cords, also known as vocal folds, are specialized bands of muscle, membrane, and connective tissue located within the larynx (voice box). They are essential for speech, singing, and other sounds produced by the human voice. The vocal cords vibrate when air from the lungs is passed through them, creating sound waves that vary in pitch and volume based on the tension, length, and mass of the vocal cords. These sound waves are then further modified by the resonance chambers of the throat, nose, and mouth to produce speech and other vocalizations.
Vocal cord paralysis is a medical condition characterized by the inability of one or both vocal cords to move or function properly due to nerve damage or disruption. The vocal cords are two bands of muscle located in the larynx (voice box) that vibrate to produce sound during speech, singing, and breathing. When the nerves that control the vocal cord movements are damaged or not functioning correctly, the vocal cords may become paralyzed or weakened, leading to voice changes, breathing difficulties, and other symptoms.
The causes of vocal cord paralysis can vary, including neurological disorders, trauma, tumors, surgery, or infections. The diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, including a laryngoscopy, to assess the movement and function of the vocal cords. Treatment options may include voice therapy, surgical procedures, or other interventions to improve voice quality and breathing functions.
I could not find a specific medical definition for "copying processes" as it is a fairly broad and non-specific term. However, in the context of biology and genetics, copying processes often refer to the mechanisms by which cells replicate their genetic material, specifically DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) during the cell cycle.
The main process involved in copying genetic material is called replication. During replication, an enzyme called helicase unwinds the double helix structure of DNA, and another enzyme called polymerase reads the template strand and synthesizes a new complementary strand. This results in two identical copies of the original DNA molecule.
In addition to DNA replication, there are other copying processes that occur in cells, such as transcription, which is the process by which the genetic information in DNA is copied into RNA (ribonucleic acid) molecules, and translation, which is the process by which the genetic code in RNA is translated into proteins.
It's worth noting that errors or mutations can occur during these copying processes, leading to changes in the genetic material that can have consequences for the function of cells and organisms.
Vocal cord dysfunction (VCD), also known as paradoxical vocal fold motion (PVFM), is a condition where the vocal cords move in an abnormal way during breathing, particularly during inspiration (inhaling). Instead of staying open to allow airflow into the lungs, the vocal cords close or come together, which can cause symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing, coughing, and throat tightness. VCD is often mistaken for asthma because some of the symptoms are similar, but it does not respond to typical asthma treatments. It can be associated with anxiety, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), or other conditions, and is typically diagnosed through a laryngoscopy exam. Treatment may include speech therapy, breathing exercises, and addressing any underlying causes.
Laryngoscopy is a medical procedure that involves the examination of the larynx, which is the upper part of the windpipe (trachea), and the vocal cords using a specialized instrument called a laryngoscope. The laryngoscope is inserted through the mouth or nose to provide a clear view of the larynx and surrounding structures. This procedure can be performed for diagnostic purposes, such as identifying abnormalities like growths, inflammation, or injuries, or for therapeutic reasons, such as removing foreign objects or taking tissue samples for biopsy. There are different types of laryngoscopes and techniques used depending on the reason for the examination and the patient's specific needs.
Projective techniques are psychological tests used in clinical and experimental settings to assess an individual's personality, emotions, and motivations by tapping into their unconscious thoughts and perceptions. These methods present ambiguous stimuli, such as inkblots or pictures, to the subject, who is then asked to describe or interpret them. The theory behind projective techniques posits that individuals will unconsciously project their inner experiences and feelings onto these ambiguous stimuli, revealing aspects of their personality that may not be accessible through more structured testing methods. However, it's important to note that the interpretation of results from projective techniques can be subjective and may vary based on the training and expertise of the practitioner.
Exercise-induced asthma (EIA) is a type of asthma that is triggered by physical activity or exercise. Officially known as exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), this condition causes the airways in the lungs to narrow and become inflamed, leading to symptoms such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness. These symptoms typically occur during or after exercise and can last for several minutes to a few hours.
EIA is caused by the loss of heat and moisture from the airways during exercise, which leads to the release of inflammatory mediators that cause the airways to constrict. People with EIA may have underlying asthma or may only experience symptoms during exercise. Proper diagnosis and management of EIA can help individuals maintain an active lifestyle and participate in physical activities without experiencing symptoms.
Spinal cord diseases refer to a group of conditions that affect the spinal cord, which is a part of the central nervous system responsible for transmitting messages between the brain and the rest of the body. These diseases can cause damage to the spinal cord, leading to various symptoms such as muscle weakness, numbness, pain, bladder and bowel dysfunction, and difficulty with movement and coordination.
Spinal cord diseases can be congenital or acquired, and they can result from a variety of causes, including infections, injuries, tumors, degenerative conditions, autoimmune disorders, and genetic factors. Some examples of spinal cord diseases include multiple sclerosis, spina bifida, spinal cord injury, herniated discs, spinal stenosis, and motor neuron diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
The treatment for spinal cord diseases varies depending on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. Treatment options may include medication, physical therapy, surgery, and rehabilitation. In some cases, the damage to the spinal cord may be irreversible, leading to permanent disability or paralysis.
Respiratory disorders are a group of conditions that affect the respiratory system, including the nose, throat (pharynx), windpipe (trachea), bronchi, lungs, and diaphragm. These disorders can make it difficult for a person to breathe normally and may cause symptoms such as coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest pain.
There are many different types of respiratory disorders, including:
1. Asthma: A chronic inflammatory disease that causes the airways to become narrow and swollen, leading to difficulty breathing.
2. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): A group of lung diseases, including emphysema and chronic bronchitis, that make it hard to breathe.
3. Pneumonia: An infection of the lungs that can cause coughing, chest pain, and difficulty breathing.
4. Lung cancer: A type of cancer that forms in the tissues of the lungs and can cause symptoms such as coughing, chest pain, and shortness of breath.
5. Tuberculosis (TB): A bacterial infection that mainly affects the lungs but can also affect other parts of the body.
6. Sleep apnea: A disorder that causes a person to stop breathing for short periods during sleep.
7. Interstitial lung disease: A group of disorders that cause scarring of the lung tissue, leading to difficulty breathing.
8. Pulmonary fibrosis: A type of interstitial lung disease that causes scarring of the lung tissue and makes it hard to breathe.
9. Pleural effusion: An abnormal accumulation of fluid in the space between the lungs and chest wall.
10. Lung transplantation: A surgical procedure to replace a diseased or failing lung with a healthy one from a donor.
Respiratory disorders can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetics, exposure to environmental pollutants, smoking, and infections. Treatment for respiratory disorders may include medications, oxygen therapy, breathing exercises, and lifestyle changes. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to treat the disorder.
Dyspnea is defined as difficulty or discomfort in breathing, often described as shortness of breath. It can range from mild to severe, and may occur during rest, exercise, or at any time. Dyspnea can be caused by various medical conditions, including heart and lung diseases, anemia, and neuromuscular disorders. It is important to seek medical attention if experiencing dyspnea, as it can be a sign of a serious underlying condition.
Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to symptoms such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness. The airway obstruction in asthma is usually reversible, either spontaneously or with treatment.
The underlying cause of asthma involves a combination of genetic and environmental factors that result in hypersensitivity of the airways to certain triggers, such as allergens, irritants, viruses, exercise, and emotional stress. When these triggers are encountered, the airways constrict due to smooth muscle spasm, swell due to inflammation, and produce excess mucus, leading to the characteristic symptoms of asthma.
Asthma is typically managed with a combination of medications that include bronchodilators to relax the airway muscles, corticosteroids to reduce inflammation, and leukotriene modifiers or mast cell stabilizers to prevent allergic reactions. Avoiding triggers and monitoring symptoms are also important components of asthma management.
There are several types of asthma, including allergic asthma, non-allergic asthma, exercise-induced asthma, occupational asthma, and nocturnal asthma, each with its own set of triggers and treatment approaches. Proper diagnosis and management of asthma can help prevent exacerbations, improve quality of life, and reduce the risk of long-term complications.
The spinal cord is a major part of the nervous system, extending from the brainstem and continuing down to the lower back. It is a slender, tubular bundle of nerve fibers (axons) and support cells (glial cells) that carries signals between the brain and the rest of the body. The spinal cord primarily serves as a conduit for motor information, which travels from the brain to the muscles, and sensory information, which travels from the body to the brain. It also contains neurons that can independently process and respond to information within the spinal cord without direct input from the brain.
The spinal cord is protected by the bony vertebral column (spine) and is divided into 31 segments: 8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 1 coccygeal. Each segment corresponds to a specific region of the body and gives rise to pairs of spinal nerves that exit through the intervertebral foramina at each level.
The spinal cord is responsible for several vital functions, including:
1. Reflexes: Simple reflex actions, such as the withdrawal reflex when touching a hot surface, are mediated by the spinal cord without involving the brain.
2. Muscle control: The spinal cord carries motor signals from the brain to the muscles, enabling voluntary movement and muscle tone regulation.
3. Sensory perception: The spinal cord transmits sensory information, such as touch, temperature, pain, and vibration, from the body to the brain for processing and awareness.
4. Autonomic functions: The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system originate in the thoracolumbar and sacral regions of the spinal cord, respectively, controlling involuntary physiological responses like heart rate, blood pressure, digestion, and respiration.
Damage to the spinal cord can result in various degrees of paralysis or loss of sensation below the level of injury, depending on the severity and location of the damage.
The larynx, also known as the voice box, is a complex structure in the neck that plays a crucial role in protection of the lower respiratory tract and in phonation. It is composed of cartilaginous, muscular, and soft tissue structures. The primary functions of the larynx include:
1. Airway protection: During swallowing, the larynx moves upward and forward to close the opening of the trachea (the glottis) and prevent food or liquids from entering the lungs. This action is known as the swallowing reflex.
2. Phonation: The vocal cords within the larynx vibrate when air passes through them, producing sound that forms the basis of human speech and voice production.
3. Respiration: The larynx serves as a conduit for airflow between the upper and lower respiratory tracts during breathing.
The larynx is located at the level of the C3-C6 vertebrae in the neck, just above the trachea. It consists of several important structures:
1. Cartilages: The laryngeal cartilages include the thyroid, cricoid, and arytenoid cartilages, as well as the corniculate and cuneiform cartilages. These form a framework for the larynx and provide attachment points for various muscles.
2. Vocal cords: The vocal cords are thin bands of mucous membrane that stretch across the glottis (the opening between the arytenoid cartilages). They vibrate when air passes through them, producing sound.
3. Muscles: There are several intrinsic and extrinsic muscles associated with the larynx. The intrinsic muscles control the tension and position of the vocal cords, while the extrinsic muscles adjust the position and movement of the larynx within the neck.
4. Nerves: The larynx is innervated by both sensory and motor nerves. The recurrent laryngeal nerve provides motor innervation to all intrinsic laryngeal muscles, except for one muscle called the cricothyroid, which is innervated by the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve. Sensory innervation is provided by the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve and the recurrent laryngeal nerve.
The larynx plays a crucial role in several essential functions, including breathing, speaking, and protecting the airway during swallowing. Dysfunction or damage to the larynx can result in various symptoms, such as hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, shortness of breath, or stridor (a high-pitched sound heard during inspiration).
The Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve (RLN) is a branch of the vagus nerve (cranial nerve X), which is a mixed sensory, motor, and autonomic nerve. The RLN has important functions in providing motor innervation to the intrinsic muscles of the larynx, except for the cricothyroid muscle, which is supplied by the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve.
The recurrent laryngeal nerve supplies all the muscles that are responsible for adduction (bringing together) of the vocal cords, including the vocalis muscle, lateral cricoarytenoid, thyroarytenoid, and interarytenoid muscles. These muscles play a crucial role in voice production, coughing, and swallowing.
The right recurrent laryngeal nerve has a longer course than the left one. It loops around the subclavian artery in the chest before ascending to the larynx, while the left RLN hooks around the arch of the aorta. This anatomical course makes them vulnerable to injury during various surgical procedures, such as thyroidectomy and neck dissection, leading to potential voice impairment or vocal cord paralysis.
Spinal cord compression is a medical condition that refers to the narrowing of the spinal canal, which puts pressure on the spinal cord and the nerves that branch out from it. This can occur due to various reasons such as degenerative changes in the spine, herniated discs, bone spurs, tumors, or fractures. The compression can lead to a range of symptoms including pain, numbness, tingling, weakness, or loss of bladder and bowel control. In severe cases, it can cause paralysis. Treatment options depend on the underlying cause and may include physical therapy, medication, surgery, or radiation therapy.
The laryngeal muscles are a group of skeletal muscles located in the larynx, also known as the voice box. These muscles play a crucial role in breathing, swallowing, and producing sounds for speech. They include:
1. Cricothyroid muscle: This muscle helps to tense the vocal cords and adjust their pitch during phonation (voice production). It is the only laryngeal muscle that is not innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Instead, it is supplied by the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve.
2. Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle: This muscle is primarily responsible for abducting (opening) the vocal cords during breathing and speaking. It is the only muscle that can abduct the vocal cords.
3. Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle: This muscle adducts (closes) the vocal cords during phonation, swallowing, and coughing.
4. Transverse arytenoid muscle: This muscle also contributes to adduction of the vocal cords, working together with the lateral cricoarytenoid muscle. It also helps to relax and lengthen the vocal cords during quiet breathing.
5. Oblique arytenoid muscle: This muscle is involved in adducting, rotating, and shortening the vocal cords. It works together with the transverse arytenoid muscle to provide fine adjustments for voice production.
6. Thyroarytenoid muscle (Vocalis): This muscle forms the main body of the vocal cord and is responsible for its vibration during phonation. The vocalis portion of the muscle helps control pitch and tension in the vocal cords.
These muscles work together to enable various functions of the larynx, such as breathing, swallowing, and speaking.
Hoarseness is a condition characterized by an abnormal change in the quality of voice, making it sound rough, breathy, strained, or weak. Medically, it's described as a disorder of phonation, which is the process of producing sound by vibrating the vocal cords in the larynx (voice box). Hoarseness can be caused by various factors, such as inflammation, irritation, or injury to the vocal cords, and may result in symptoms like altered voice pitch, volume, and clarity. It's essential to consult a healthcare professional if hoarseness persists for more than two weeks, especially if it's accompanied by other concerning symptoms like difficulty swallowing or breathing.
The glottis is a medical term that refers to the opening between the vocal cords (the ligaments in the larynx that produce sound when air passes through them during speech) in the human throat or larynx. It is an important structure for breathing, swallowing, and producing sounds or speech. The glottis opens during inhalation to allow air into the lungs and closes during swallowing to prevent food or liquids from entering the trachea (windpipe) and lungs.
Voice disorders are conditions that affect the quality, pitch, or volume of a person's voice. These disorders can result from damage to or abnormalities in the vocal cords, which are the small bands of muscle located in the larynx (voice box) that vibrate to produce sound.
There are several types of voice disorders, including:
1. Vocal cord dysfunction: This occurs when the vocal cords do not open and close properly, resulting in a weak or breathy voice.
2. Vocal cord nodules: These are small growths that form on the vocal cords as a result of excessive use or misuse of the voice, such as from shouting or singing too loudly.
3. Vocal cord polyps: These are similar to nodules but are usually larger and can cause more significant changes in the voice.
4. Laryngitis: This is an inflammation of the vocal cords that can result from a viral infection, overuse, or exposure to irritants such as smoke.
5. Muscle tension dysphonia: This occurs when the muscles around the larynx become tense and constricted, leading to voice changes.
6. Paradoxical vocal fold movement: This is a condition in which the vocal cords close when they should be open, causing breathing difficulties and a weak or breathy voice.
7. Spasmodic dysphonia: This is a neurological disorder that causes involuntary spasms of the vocal cords, resulting in voice breaks and difficulty speaking.
Voice disorders can cause significant impairment in communication, social interactions, and quality of life. Treatment may include voice therapy, medication, or surgery, depending on the underlying cause of the disorder.
Phonation is the process of sound production in speech, singing, or crying. It involves the vibration of the vocal folds (also known as the vocal cords) in the larynx, which is located in the neck. When air from the lungs passes through the vibrating vocal folds, it causes them to vibrate and produce sound waves. These sound waves are then shaped into speech sounds by the articulatory structures of the mouth, nose, and throat.
Phonation is a critical component of human communication and is used in various forms of verbal expression, such as speaking, singing, and shouting. It requires precise control of the muscles that regulate the tension, mass, and length of the vocal folds, as well as the air pressure and flow from the lungs. Dysfunction in phonation can result in voice disorders, such as hoarseness, breathiness, or loss of voice.
Voice quality, in the context of medicine and particularly in otolaryngology (ear, nose, and throat medicine), refers to the characteristic sound of an individual's voice that can be influenced by various factors. These factors include the vocal fold vibration, respiratory support, articulation, and any underlying medical conditions.
A change in voice quality might indicate a problem with the vocal folds or surrounding structures, neurological issues affecting the nerves that control vocal fold movement, or other medical conditions. Examples of terms used to describe voice quality include breathy, hoarse, rough, strained, or tense. A detailed analysis of voice quality is often part of a speech-language pathologist's assessment and can help in diagnosing and managing various voice disorders.
Spinal cord injuries (SCI) refer to damage to the spinal cord that results in a loss of function, such as mobility or feeling. This injury can be caused by direct trauma to the spine or by indirect damage resulting from disease or degeneration of surrounding bones, tissues, or blood vessels. The location and severity of the injury on the spinal cord will determine which parts of the body are affected and to what extent.
The effects of SCI can range from mild sensory changes to severe paralysis, including loss of motor function, autonomic dysfunction, and possible changes in sensation, strength, and reflexes below the level of injury. These injuries are typically classified as complete or incomplete, depending on whether there is any remaining function below the level of injury.
Immediate medical attention is crucial for spinal cord injuries to prevent further damage and improve the chances of recovery. Treatment usually involves immobilization of the spine, medications to reduce swelling and pressure, surgery to stabilize the spine, and rehabilitation to help regain lost function. Despite advances in treatment, SCI can have a significant impact on a person's quality of life and ability to perform daily activities.
Animal vocalization refers to the production of sound by animals through the use of the vocal organs, such as the larynx in mammals or the syrinx in birds. These sounds can serve various purposes, including communication, expressing emotions, attracting mates, warning others of danger, and establishing territory. The complexity and diversity of animal vocalizations are vast, with some species capable of producing intricate songs or using specific calls to convey different messages. In a broader sense, animal vocalizations can also include sounds produced through other means, such as stridulation in insects.
Laryngeal edema is a medical condition characterized by the swelling of the tissues in the larynx or voice box. The larynx, which contains the vocal cords, plays a crucial role in protecting the airways, regulating ventilation, and enabling speech and swallowing. Laryngeal edema can result from various causes, such as allergic reactions, infections, irritants, trauma, or underlying medical conditions like angioedema or autoimmune disorders.
The swelling of the laryngeal tissues can lead to narrowing of the airways, causing symptoms like difficulty breathing, noisy breathing (stridor), coughing, and hoarseness. In severe cases, laryngeal edema may obstruct the airway, leading to respiratory distress or even suffocation. Immediate medical attention is necessary for individuals experiencing these symptoms to ensure proper diagnosis and timely intervention. Treatment options typically include medications like corticosteroids, antihistamines, or epinephrine to reduce swelling and alleviate airway obstruction.
Laryngitis is a medical condition characterized by inflammation of the larynx, or voice box. This inflammation can lead to hoarseness, throat pain, and difficulty speaking or swallowing. Laryngitis can be caused by viral infections, bacterial infections, vocal strain, or other factors such as exposure to irritants like smoke or chemicals. In some cases, laryngitis may be a symptom of a more serious underlying condition, so it is important to seek medical attention if symptoms persist for more than a few days or are accompanied by other concerning symptoms.
The cricoid cartilage is a ring-like piece of cartilage that forms the lower part of the larynx, or voice box. It is located in the front portion of the neck, and lies just below the thyroid cartilage, which is the largest cartilage in the larynx and forms the Adam's apple.
The cricoid cartilage serves as a attachment site for several important structures in the neck, including the vocal cords and the trachea (windpipe). It plays an important role in protecting the airway during swallowing by providing a stable platform against which the food pipe (esophagus) can open and close.
In medical procedures such as rapid sequence intubation, the cricoid cartilage may be pressed downward to compress the esophagus and help prevent stomach contents from entering the airway during intubation. This maneuver is known as the "cricoid pressure" or "Sellick's maneuver."
Laryngeal neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors in the larynx, also known as the voice box. These growths can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Laryngeal neoplasms can affect any part of the larynx, including the vocal cords, epiglottis, and the area around the vocal cords called the ventricle.
Benign laryngeal neoplasms may include papillomas, hemangiomas, or polyps. Malignant laryngeal neoplasms are typically squamous cell carcinomas, which account for more than 95% of all malignant laryngeal tumors. Other types of malignant laryngeal neoplasms include adenocarcinoma, sarcoma, and lymphoma.
Risk factors for developing laryngeal neoplasms include smoking, alcohol consumption, exposure to industrial chemicals, and a history of acid reflux. Symptoms may include hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, sore throat, ear pain, or a lump in the neck. Treatment options depend on the type, size, location, and stage of the neoplasm but may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these treatments.
In medical terms, the term "voice" refers to the sound produced by vibration of the vocal cords caused by air passing out from the lungs during speech, singing, or breathing. It is a complex process that involves coordination between respiratory, phonatory, and articulatory systems. Any damage or disorder in these systems can affect the quality, pitch, loudness, and flexibility of the voice.
The medical field dealing with voice disorders is called Phoniatrics or Voice Medicine. Voice disorders can present as hoarseness, breathiness, roughness, strain, weakness, or a complete loss of voice, which can significantly impact communication, social interaction, and quality of life.
Recurrent laryngeal nerve injuries refer to damages or trauma inflicted on the recurrent laryngeal nerve, which is a branch of the vagus nerve that supplies motor function to the intrinsic muscles of the larynx, except for the cricothyroid muscle. This nerve plays a crucial role in controlling vocal fold movement and swallowing.
Injuries to this nerve can result in voice changes, hoarseness, or even complete loss of voice, depending on the severity and location of the injury. Additionally, it may also lead to breathing difficulties, coughing, and choking while swallowing due to impaired laryngeal function.
Recurrent laryngeal nerve injuries can occur due to various reasons, such as surgical complications (particularly during thyroid or neck surgeries), tumors, infections, inflammation, or direct trauma to the neck region. In some cases, these injuries may be temporary and resolve on their own or through appropriate treatment; however, severe or prolonged injuries might require medical intervention, including possible surgical repair.
Intubation, intratracheal is a medical procedure in which a flexible plastic or rubber tube called an endotracheal tube (ETT) is inserted through the mouth or nose, passing through the vocal cords and into the trachea (windpipe). This procedure is performed to establish and maintain a patent airway, allowing for the delivery of oxygen and the removal of carbon dioxide during mechanical ventilation in various clinical scenarios, such as:
1. Respiratory failure or arrest
2. Procedural sedation
3. Surgery under general anesthesia
4. Neuromuscular disorders
5. Ingestion of toxic substances
6. Head and neck trauma
7. Critical illness or injury affecting the airway
The process of intubation is typically performed by trained medical professionals, such as anesthesiologists, emergency medicine physicians, or critical care specialists, using direct laryngoscopy or video laryngoscopy to visualize the vocal cords and guide the ETT into the correct position. Once placed, the ETT is secured to prevent dislodgement, and the patient's respiratory status is continuously monitored to ensure proper ventilation and oxygenation.
The arytenoid cartilages are paired, irregularly shaped pieces of elastic cartilage located in the larynx (voice box) of mammals. They play a crucial role in the process of vocalization and breathing.
Each arytenoid cartilage has a body and two projections: the vocal process, which provides attachment for the vocal cord, and the muscular process, which serves as an attachment site for various intrinsic laryngeal muscles. The arytenoid cartilages are connected to the cricoid cartilage below by the synovial cricoarytenoid joints, allowing for their movement during respiration and phonation.
These cartilages help in adjusting the tension of the vocal cords and controlling the opening and closing of the rima glottidis (the space between the vocal cords), which is essential for breathing, swallowing, and producing sounds. Any abnormalities or injuries to the arytenoid cartilages may result in voice disturbances or respiratory difficulties.
Laryngostenosis is a medical term that refers to a condition where the larynx (or voice box) becomes narrowed. This can occur due to various reasons such as scarring, swelling, or growths in the laryngeal area. The narrowing can cause difficulty with breathing, swallowing, and speaking. In severe cases, it may require medical intervention, such as surgery, to correct the problem.
Airway obstruction is a medical condition that occurs when the normal flow of air into and out of the lungs is partially or completely blocked. This blockage can be caused by a variety of factors, including swelling of the tissues in the airway, the presence of foreign objects or substances, or abnormal growths such as tumors.
When the airway becomes obstructed, it can make it difficult for a person to breathe normally. They may experience symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing, coughing, and chest tightness. In severe cases, airway obstruction can lead to respiratory failure and other life-threatening complications.
There are several types of airway obstruction, including:
1. Upper airway obstruction: This occurs when the blockage is located in the upper part of the airway, such as the nose, throat, or voice box.
2. Lower airway obstruction: This occurs when the blockage is located in the lower part of the airway, such as the trachea or bronchi.
3. Partial airway obstruction: This occurs when the airway is partially blocked, allowing some air to flow in and out of the lungs.
4. Complete airway obstruction: This occurs when the airway is completely blocked, preventing any air from flowing into or out of the lungs.
Treatment for airway obstruction depends on the underlying cause of the condition. In some cases, removing the obstruction may be as simple as clearing the airway of foreign objects or mucus. In other cases, more invasive treatments such as surgery may be necessary.
Laryngeal nerve injuries refer to damages or injuries to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) and/or the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN), which are the primary nerves that supply the larynx, or voice box. These nerves play crucial roles in controlling the vocal cord movements and protecting the airway during swallowing.
The recurrent laryngeal nerve provides motor function to all intrinsic muscles of the larynx, except for the cricothyroid muscle, which is innervated by the superior laryngeal nerve. The RLN also carries sensory fibers from a small area of the mucous membrane below the vocal folds.
Injuries to these nerves can result in voice changes, breathing difficulties, and swallowing problems. Depending on the severity and location of the injury, patients may experience hoarseness, weak voice, breathy voice, coughing while swallowing, or even complete airway obstruction in severe cases. Laryngeal nerve injuries can occur due to various reasons, such as surgical complications (e.g., thyroid, esophageal, and cardiovascular surgeries), neck trauma, tumors, infections, or iatrogenic causes.
Vocal cord dysfunction
Post-nasal drip
Lisa Heller
Shortness of breath
Smoke inhalation
Vocal cords
Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction
Heliox
Medical gas therapy
Exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction
VCD (disambiguation)
Thyroid nodule
List of causes of shortness of breath
List of diseases (V)
Spirometry
Acute severe asthma
Phoniatrics
Vagus nerve
Multiple system atrophy
Sarrasine
Apnea
Otorhinolaryngology
Bogart-Bacall syndrome
Multiple sclerosis signs and symptoms
Zona incerta
Feeding tube
Respiratory disease
Testosterone enanthate
Cherish (Madonna song)
Aerosmith
Vocal cord dysfunction - Wikipedia
New findings on vocal cord dysfunction
Understanding Vocal Cord Dysfunction
Vocal Cord Dysfunction: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology
Vocal Cord Dysfunction (VCD): Diagnosis | National Jewish Health
"Vocal Cord Dysfunction in Asthmatics" by Yvonne L. McCarey, MD
Vocal cord dysfunction in two patients after mitral valve replacement: consequences and mechanism. - Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham
Vocal Cord Dysfunction Team - Stanford Children's Health - Stanford Medicine Children's Health
Childhood sexual abuse in patients with paradoxical vocal cord dysfunction. | Read by QxMD
Vocal Cord Dysfunction | utah-laryngology
Understanding Vocal Cord Dysfunction - vocalcorddysfunctions
Vocal cord dysfunction in patients with exertional dyspnea
Vocal Cord Dysfunction - Pulmonary Disorders - MSD Manual Professional Edition
Vocal Cord Dysfunction Bundle - a tempo Voice Center - Fort Worth, TX
Sound Hoarse? Got Vocal Chord Dysfunction Associated with Chronic Cough - Center for Cough
What Medical Conditions Are Mistaken for Asthma? Asthma - AirPurifiers.com
How does asthma affect the respiratory system?
Allergic and Environmental Asthma: Overview, Patient History, Differential Diagnosis
Paradoxical Vocal Fold Movement (PVFM)
Pediatric Asthma Differential Diagnoses
Voice Disorders: MedlinePlus
Environmental Triggers of Asthma: Differential Diagnosis of Asthma | Environmental Medicine | ATSDR
Wissenschaftliche Veröffentlichungen | Universitätsklinikum Freiburg
Exercise-Induced Asthma Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination, Phases of EIA
Inhalation | Spirit India
Pulmonary Diagnostics | Children's Minnesota
Speech-Language Pathology Interdisciplinary Clinics | Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
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Inducible laryngeal obstruction3
- Vocal cord dysfunction (VCD), is also called inducible laryngeal obstruction (ILO). (nationaljewish.org)
- Researchers at Monash Health have published findings related to vocal cord dysfunction/inducible laryngeal obstruction(s) (VCD/ILO) in relation to incident-associated VCD which may be related to vaccination. (edu.au)
- Diagnosis of vocal cord dysfunction/inducible laryngeal obstruction: an International Delphi Consensus Study. (uib.no)
Laryngeal4
- It's also called laryngeal dysfunction, paradoxical vocal cord movement disorder or paradoxical vocal fold motion. (mayoclinic.org)
- What are vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) and inspiratory laryngeal obstruction (ILO)? (mayoclinic.org)
- The vocal folds that make up the vocal cord are full of ligaments, laryngeal muscles and mucous membranes. (stemaidinstitute.com)
- Bilateral vocal fold paralysis (BVFP) is a laryngeal condition that involves immobilization of the vocal folds in paramedian or, less commonly, intermediate position due to recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) damage. (hindawi.com)
Paralysis10
- Vocal cord dysfunction, or the abnormal closure or paralysis of your vocal cords , can come on strong and make it difficult to breathe much less speak. (physicianhearingcenters.com)
- Left vocal cord paralysis, lung function and exercise capacity in young adults born extremely preterm with a history of neonatal patent ductus arteriosus surgery-A national cohort study. (uib.no)
- 2. Bilateral vocal cord paralysis following treatment with vincristine. (nih.gov)
- 3. Low-dose vincristine-associated bilateral vocal cord paralysis. (nih.gov)
- 4. Vincristine-induced vocal cord paralysis in an infant. (nih.gov)
- 5. Vincristine-induced bilateral vocal cord paralysis in children. (nih.gov)
- 6. Vincristine-induced vocal cord paralysis in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. (nih.gov)
- 7. Vincristine-induced vocal cord paresis and paralysis in children. (nih.gov)
- 11. Vocal cord paralysis secondary to vincristine treatment in children: A case series of seven children and literature review. (nih.gov)
- Bilateral vocal fold paralysis (BVFP) is a rare larynx disease manifested by dyspnea, which often requires surgical treatment. (hindawi.com)
Obstruction3
- VOCAL CORD DYSFUNCTION (VCD), apart from affecting voice, compromises airway clearance by interfering with cough mechanism, subjects the airway to contamination, and can cause inspiratory obstruction and ventilatory failure. (amrita.edu)
- Vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) is the abnormal adduction of the vocal cords during inspiration or expiration that results in varying degrees of airway obstruction. (medscape.com)
- A disorder characterized by an intermittent abnormal VOCAL CORDS movement toward the midline during inspiration or expiration resulting in upper AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. (jefferson.edu)
Asthma26
- citation needed] Vocal cord dysfunction co-occurs with asthma approximately 40% of the time. (wikipedia.org)
- Bahrainwala AH, Simon MR. Wheezing and vocal cord dysfunction mimicking asthma. (medscape.com)
- Vocal-cord dysfunction presenting as asthma. (medscape.com)
- Vocal cord dysfunction masquerading as exercise-induced asthma. (medscape.com)
- Balkissoon R, Kenn K. Asthma: vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) and other dysfunctional breathing disorders. (medscape.com)
- Vocal cord dysfunction: Is it a type of asthma? (mayoclinic.org)
- What's the difference between vocal cord dysfunction and asthma? (mayoclinic.org)
- Both asthma and vocal cord dysfunction can make breathing difficult. (mayoclinic.org)
- Like asthma, vocal cord dysfunction can be triggered by breathing in lung irritants, having an upper respiratory infection or exercising. (mayoclinic.org)
- However, unlike asthma, vocal cord dysfunction isn't an immune system reaction and doesn't involve the lower airways. (mayoclinic.org)
- Because they have similar triggers and symptoms, it's common for vocal cord dysfunction to be misdiagnosed as asthma. (mayoclinic.org)
- Some people have both vocal cord dysfunction and asthma, and require treatment for both conditions. (mayoclinic.org)
- Vocal cord dysfunction is an asthma mimic. (dovepress.com)
- Sometimes a diagnosis of vocal cord dysfunction is entertained only after patients have been misdiagnosed as having asthma and then not responded to bronchodilators or corticosteroids. (msdmanuals.com)
- therefore, the terminology has evolved to include factitious asthma , irritablelarynx syndrome , paradoxicalvocal-fold motion , paradoxical vocal cord dysfunction , and refractory asthma . (medscape.com)
- Asthma is often mistaken as vocal cord dysfunction and vice versa. (medicalfoxx.com)
- It is because both of its symptoms have similarities and to add up to the uncertainty, a lot of people who have asthma also have vocal cord dysfunction. (medicalfoxx.com)
- Unlike asthma, vocal cord dysfunction causes more complication inhaling than exhaling air, while the other way round goes for the symptoms of asthma. (medicalfoxx.com)
- Although the symptoms of vocal cord dysfunction are much similar with asthma, the treatment for vocal cord dysfunction is very different to how asthma is treated. (medicalfoxx.com)
- The individual in this situation may think that it's only asthma, when in fact it's already vocal cord dysfunction. (medicalfoxx.com)
- Sadly, while vocal cord dysfunction is often confused for asthma, asthma medications won't help. (physicianhearingcenters.com)
- Vocal cord dysfunction: A co-existent or alternative diagnosis in refractory asthma? (amsj.org)
- 6] VCD has been described throughout the medical literature by several terms, including Munchausen's stridor [9], factitious asthma, [10] and paradoxical vocal cord dysfunction. (amsj.org)
- Thyrotropin levels can be used to help evaluate the potential of patient thyroid dysfunction in the likelihood that anxiety is mimicking the symptoms of asthma. (medscape.com)
- Dr. Vaughey's clinical areas of interest include asthma and advanced COPD management, as well as vocal cord dysfunction. (inova.org)
- In athletes, another problem called vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) can occur, and seems a lot like exercise-induced asthma. (healthychildren.org)
Larynx5
- A tiny camera attached to a small tube called an endoscope is inserted through your nose and into your throat, which allows us to see your vocal cords and larynx (voice box). (dukehealth.org)
- The Vocal Cord is a part of your voice box, the larynx. (stemaidinstitute.com)
- In your larynx are your vocal cords, two bands of muscle that vibrate to make sound. (medlineplus.gov)
- Your vocal cords (also called vocal folds) are bands of soft tissue in your larynx (voice box). (clevelandclinic.org)
- Evaluation usually includes videostroboscopy, where we magnify the larynx and vocal cords with a small camera. (vcuhealth.org)
Disorders1
- Other causes of voice disorders include infections, upward movement of stomach acids into the throat, growths due to a virus, cancer, and diseases that paralyze the vocal cords. (medlineplus.gov)
Diagnosis5
- Diagnosis of VCD may include a series of evaluations including pulmonary function tests, medical imaging, and the evaluation or visualization of the vocal folds during an episode through the use of videolaryngoscopy. (wikipedia.org)
- Diagnosis of vocal cord dysfunction: the utility of spirometry and plethysmography. (medscape.com)
- Seven female (primarily adolescent) MaineCare patients consecutively referred to Waldo County General Hospital (WCGH) with suspected diagnosis of Vocal Cord Dysfunction (VCD) were treated by speech therapy telepractice. (pitt.edu)
- Paradoxical Vocal Fold Movement: Diagnosis and management. (pitt.edu)
- Testing may then be appropriate to differentiate EIA from cardiac conditions, vocal cord and upper airway obstructive conditions, allergic conditions, and psychiatric conditions when these are strongly considered in the differential diagnosis. (medscape.com)
Symptoms5
- Different subtypes of vocal cord dysfunction are characterized by additional symptoms. (wikipedia.org)
- Many of the symptoms are not specific to vocal cord dysfunction and can resemble a number of conditions that affect the upper and lower airway. (wikipedia.org)
- Vocal cord dysfunction symptoms can be intermittent and usually appear gradually. (stemaidinstitute.com)
- Symptoms and treatment of Vocal Cord Dysfunction/Paradoxical Vocal Fold Motion. (pitt.edu)
- 17. Vocal cord paresis and diaphragmatic dysfunction are severe and frequent symptoms of GDAP1-associated neuropathy. (nih.gov)
Abnormal4
- Vocal cord dysfunction is the abnormal closing of the vocal cords when you breathe in or out. (mayoclinic.org)
- At Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, we have a multidisciplinary team working together to care for the unique needs of children with vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) , which is a condition caused by an abnormal closing of the vocal cords. (stanford.edu)
- Acid reflux, laryngopharyngeal reflux, gastroesophageal reflux can all cause throat irritation leading to abnormal movement and constriction of the cords, directly affecting our ability to project voice with strength and clarity. (stemaidinstitute.com)
- One such mimic is vocal cord dysfunction, (VCD), which is the intermittent, abnormal adduction of the vocal cords during respiration. (amsj.org)
PVFM2
- Our voice specialists use the latest diagnostic tests along with their years of experience to determine whether you have vocal cord dysfunction (VCD), also known as paradoxical vocal fold movement (PVFM). (dukehealth.org)
- Vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) or paradoxical vocal fold movement (PVFM). (mayoclinic.org)
Folds7
- Vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) is a pathology affecting the vocal folds (commonly referred to as the vocal cords) characterized by full or partial vocal fold closure causing difficulty and distress during respiration, especially during inhalation. (wikipedia.org)
- 12] Subsequent authors documented similar descriptions of this presentation under various names in the medical literature, but it was Mackenzie who first visualised the paradoxical closure of the vocal folds with inspiration by laryngoscopic evaluation in 1869. (amsj.org)
- Resonance (how you pass air through your vocal folds to control the intensity of your voice). (clevelandclinic.org)
- They might also want you to avoid alcohol and caffeine, both of which can dry out your vocal folds. (clevelandclinic.org)
- Removes several layers of tissue from the vocal folds at the front of your voice box. (clevelandclinic.org)
- Then they use stitches to join the vocal folds, shortening the length of your voice box. (clevelandclinic.org)
- Some patients' vocal folds don't work as they should, making it difficult to speak or even breathe at certain times. (vcuhealth.org)
Adduction2
- Three cases of paradoxical vocal cord adduction followed up over a 10- year period. (medscape.com)
- When the vocal cords close (vocal cord adduction) during the breathing in (inspiratory adduction) and/or breathing out (expiratory flow adduction) of the respiratory cycle, this obstructs airflow. (stemaidinstitute.com)
Interstitial lung di1
- These consultative services include pulmonary rehabilitation, psychosocial medicine, occupational medicine, speech therapy for vocal cord dysfunction, sleep studies, interstitial lung disease and nutrition. (nationaljewish.org)
Tightness2
- The procedure changes the length, tightness or size of your vocal cords. (clevelandclinic.org)
- Cricothyroid approximation (CTA) increases the tightness of your vocal cords. (clevelandclinic.org)
Airway dysfunction1
- Irritant vocal cord dysfunction at first misdiagnosed as reactive airway dysfunction syndrome. (medscape.com)
Inspiratory1
- It is confirmed by observing inspiratory closure of the vocal cords with direct laryngoscopy. (msdmanuals.com)
Occurs4
- For instance, momentary aphonia can be caused by laryngospasm, an involuntary spasm of the vocal cords and a strained or hoarse voice may be perceived when the vocal cord dysfunction occurs during speech. (wikipedia.org)
- Vocal cord dysfunction occurs more commonly among women aged 20 to 40. (msdmanuals.com)
- Usually when a person breathes in air, the vocal cords open which allows the progression of air to the lungs and windpipe and when exhalation occurs, the vocal cords open and release the air out of the lungs. (medicalfoxx.com)
- Vocal cord dysfunction occurs with inflamed vocal cords that can narrow the airway. (doctorshealthpress.com)
Disorder3
- This type of disorder is also pertained as paradoxical vocal fold motion. (medicalfoxx.com)
- Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder characterized by autonomic dysfunction, tremors, slow movement, muscle rigidity, and postural instability (collectively known as parkinsonism) and ataxia. (wikipedia.org)
- Palsy of the vocal cords is an important and sometimes initial clinical manifestation of the disorder. (wikipedia.org)
Laryngitis1
- Common occupational upper airway conditions include rhinitis, sinusitis, laryngitis, and vocal cord dysfunction (VCD). (cdc.gov)
Often mistaken1
- Postexercise laryngoscopy can be used to evaluate for vocal cord dysfunction, a condition often mistaken for EIA. (medscape.com)
Motion5
- Hicks M, Brugman SM, Katial R. Vocal cord dysfunction/paradoxical vocal fold motion. (medscape.com)
- Vocal cord dysfunction, paradoxic vocal fold motion, or laryngomalacia? (medscape.com)
- A flashing strobe light simulates slow-motion video images of your vocal cords. (dukehealth.org)
- What differentiates VCD is the gradual onset of dysfunction in vocal fold motion and vocal fold closure. (stemaidinstitute.com)
- 16. Unilateral Vocal Cord Motion Impairment After 1 Dose of Vincristine: Case Report and Literature Review. (nih.gov)
Syndrome1
- MSA is also different from multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, sometimes referred to as multiple organ failure, and from multiple organ system failures, an often-fatal complication of septic shock and other severe illnesses or injuries. (wikipedia.org)
Irritation1
- Certain medications, such as antihistamines for allergies, cause drying of the mucous membranes, which can cause further irritation or hypersensitivity of the vocal cords. (wikipedia.org)
Dyspnea1
- Vocal cord dysfunction in patients with exertional dyspnea. (medscape.com)
Exercises7
- A speech-language pathologist will guide you through vocal exercises to improve breathing, reduce throat strain, and find your optimal pitch and volume for strong, healthy speaking. (dukehealth.org)
- Treatment for vocal cord dysfunction may involve special breathing exercises called panting maneuvers, speech therapy, biofeedback and avoidance of irritants. (mayoclinic.org)
- The first treatment is speech therapy in order to teach the patient breathing exercises and techniques to aid the vocal cords. (medicalfoxx.com)
- Experiencing vocal cord dysfunction may come in handy but with the proper self-motivation to perform the exercises and reducing stressors will keep VCD away. (medicalfoxx.com)
- We may suggest treatments that help you control your vocal cords such as speech therapy or breathing exercises. (physicianhearingcenters.com)
- Treatment includes voice therapy, vocal function exercises, training in proper vocal hygiene and acid reflux precautions. (vcuhealth.org)
- Treatment includes breathing exercises to relax upper body muscle tension and restore normal vocal fold movement during moments when it is hard to breathe or speak. (vcuhealth.org)
Nodules1
- They can also lead to problems such as nodules, polyps, and sores on the vocal cords. (medlineplus.gov)
Movement3
- If VCD is suspected, your team will evaluate the movement of your vocal cords during breathing. (dukehealth.org)
- Paradoxical Vocal Fold Movement: A Retrospective Analysis. (jefferson.edu)
- MSA is characterized by the following, which can be present in any combination: autonomic dysfunction parkinsonism (muscle rigidity +/ tremor and slow movement) cerebellar ataxia (Poor coordination/unsteady walking, double vision) A variant with combined features of MSA and dementia with Lewy bodies may also exist. (wikipedia.org)
Treatment5
- An attack of vocal cord dysfunction can be dreadful so the person should not wait for this state to happen because if the condition is left untreated, the dreadful attack may necessitate for emergency room treatment. (medicalfoxx.com)
- Vocal cord dysfunction treatment differs from other breathing problems because pharmaceuticals are not the main solution to prevent it. (medicalfoxx.com)
- Next is the helium-oxygen therapy for emergent treatment of vocal cord dysfunction consists of heliox that reduces the disturbance in the airway. (medicalfoxx.com)
- The team at Lucile Packard Children's Hospital cares for the unique needs of children with vocal cord dysfunction through a specialized treatment approach. (stanford.edu)
- 2012). Vocal Cord Dysfunction (VCD): Treatment. (pitt.edu)
Manifests1
- Many people affected by MSA experience dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system, which commonly manifests as orthostatic hypotension, impotence, loss of sweating, dry mouth and urinary retention and incontinence. (wikipedia.org)
Throat1
- The vocal cords are located in the throat, at the opening to our trachea (windpipe), not in our lungs. (healthychildren.org)
Cough1
- Inlet patch of gastric mucosa in upper esophagus causing chronic cough and vocal cord dysfunction. (medscape.com)
Patients4
- Formal psychological testing in patients with paradoxical vocal fold dysfunction. (medscape.com)
- Childhood sexual abuse in patients with paradoxical vocal cord dysfunction. (medscape.com)
- Vocal cord dysfunction in two patients after mitral valve replacement: consequences and mechanism. (amrita.edu)
- P. Kumar Neema, Sinha, P. Kumar, Dr. Praveen Varma, and Rathod, R. Chandra, "Vocal cord dysfunction in two patients after mitral valve replacement: consequences and mechanism. (amrita.edu)
Palsy1
- 1. Vincristine-induced vocal cord palsy: case report and review of the literature. (nih.gov)
Voice4
- This detailed visual examination of your voice box helps us evaluate how your vocal cords open, close, and vibrate while you breathe and speak or sing. (dukehealth.org)
- Voice cord dysfunction (VCD) is thankfully rare, but it does affect approximately 2% of the population. (stemaidinstitute.com)
- Outside the box: Voice facilitation and vocal performance techniques. (pitt.edu)
- Good vocal hygiene means keeping your voice as healthy as possible, especially before surgery. (clevelandclinic.org)
Breathe1
- In VCD, the vocal cords close when they are supposed to open, making it harder to breathe in air. (healthychildren.org)
Thyroid disease1
- Whether you have sinus problems, hearing loss, vocal cord dysfunction, head and neck cancer, or thyroid disease, specialists at Grand Itasca can provide the quality, patient-centered care that you need. (granditasca.org)
Lungs3
- Normal breathing requires the vocal cords to remain open so air can pass in and out of the lungs. (dukehealth.org)
- The opposite thing happens with vocal cord dysfunction since the vocal cords closes instead of opening up when a person inhales and exhales air, making it a lot more difficult to get air in and out of the lungs due to the unusual behavior of the vocal cords. (medicalfoxx.com)
- Instead of the vocal cords opening while a child inhales, they close together, which makes it more difficult for the air to pass through to the lungs. (stanford.edu)