AnatomyDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureNamed GroupsHealth Care
Vitamin KVitamin K 1Vitamin K DeficiencyVitamin K 2Vitamin K Deficiency BleedingVitamin AVitamin K 3VitaminsVitamin DVitamin K Epoxide ReductasesVitamin EVitamin B 12Vitamin A DeficiencyVitamin D DeficiencyCarbon-Carbon LigasesVitamin B 6Vitamin E DeficiencyVitamin B 12 DeficiencyWarfarinCholecalciferol4-HydroxycoumarinsDietary SupplementsVitamin B 6 DeficiencyAscorbic AcidK562 CellsProthrombin TimeAntifibrinolytic AgentsOsteocalcinProthrombinMixed Function OxygenasesReceptors, CalcitriolVitamin D-Binding ProteinAnticoagulantsInternational Normalized RatioHypoprothrombinemiasDietPyridoxine1-Carboxyglutamic AcidNutritional StatusRodenticidesCalcifediolPhenprocoumonCalcitriolAvitaminosisInjections, IntramuscularAdministration, OralVitamin B DeficiencyAntioxidantsErgocalciferolsBlood Coagulation FactorsH(+)-K(+)-Exchanging ATPaseBone and Bonesalpha-TocopherolNutritional RequirementsFolic AcidDicumarolPseudoxanthoma ElasticumBlood CoagulationElder Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaRicketsSunlightHemorrhageBone DensityQuinone Reductasesbeta CaroteneLiverFood, FortifiedBlood Coagulation TestsInfant, NewbornDose-Response Relationship, DrugBlood Coagulation DisordersSodium-Coupled Vitamin C TransportersNaphthoquinonesCalcium25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1-alpha-HydroxylasePartial Thromboplastin TimeBiological MarkersCalcium, DietaryHydroxycholecalciferolsProtein PrecursorsNurseries, HospitalHomocysteineCarotenoidsTranscobalaminsTocopherolsMicrosomes, LiverChromatography, High Pressure Liquid25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2LigasesParathyroid HormoneDouble-Blind MethodNutrition PolicyHemorrhagic DisordersMethylmalonic AcidOsteoporosisBone Density Conservation AgentsHemostaticsRisk FactorsVitamin D Response ElementDihydroxycholecalciferols
Vitamin K
A lipid cofactor that is required for normal blood clotting. Several forms of vitamin K have been identified: VITAMIN K 1 (phytomenadione) derived from plants, VITAMIN K 2 (menaquinone) from bacteria, and synthetic naphthoquinone provitamins, VITAMIN K 3 (menadione). Vitamin K 3 provitamins, after being alkylated in vivo, exhibit the antifibrinolytic activity of vitamin K. Green leafy vegetables, liver, cheese, butter, and egg yolk are good sources of vitamin K.
Vitamin K 1
A family of phylloquinones that contains a ring of 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone and an isoprenoid side chain. Members of this group of vitamin K 1 have only one double bond on the proximal isoprene unit. Rich sources of vitamin K 1 include green plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria. Vitamin K1 has antihemorrhagic and prothrombogenic activity.
Vitamin K Deficiency
A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of VITAMIN K in the diet, characterized by an increased tendency to hemorrhage (HEMORRHAGIC DISORDERS). Such bleeding episodes may be particularly severe in newborn infants. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1182)
Vitamin K 2
A group of substances similar to VITAMIN K 1 which contains a ring of 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinione and an isoprenoid side chain of varying number of isoprene units. In vitamin K 2, each isoprene unit contains a double bond. They are produced by bacteria including the normal intestinal flora.
Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding
Hemorrhage caused by vitamin K deficiency.
Vitamin A
Retinol and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of CAROTENOIDS found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products.
Vitamin K 3
A synthetic naphthoquinone without the isoprenoid side chain and biological activity, but can be converted to active vitamin K2, menaquinone, after alkylation in vivo.
Vitamins
Organic substances that are required in small amounts for maintenance and growth, but which cannot be manufactured by the human body.
Vitamin D
A vitamin that includes both CHOLECALCIFEROLS and ERGOCALCIFEROLS, which have the common effect of preventing or curing RICKETS in animals. It can also be viewed as a hormone since it can be formed in SKIN by action of ULTRAVIOLET RAYS upon the precursors, 7-dehydrocholesterol and ERGOSTEROL, and acts on VITAMIN D RECEPTORS to regulate CALCIUM in opposition to PARATHYROID HORMONE.
Vitamin K Epoxide Reductases
OXIDOREDUCTASES which mediate vitamin K metabolism by converting inactive vitamin K 2,3-epoxide to active vitamin K.
Vitamin E
A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.
Vitamin B 12
A cobalt-containing coordination compound produced by intestinal micro-organisms and found also in soil and water. Higher plants do not concentrate vitamin B 12 from the soil and so are a poor source of the substance as compared with animal tissues. INTRINSIC FACTOR is important for the assimilation of vitamin B 12.
Vitamin A Deficiency
A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of VITAMIN A in the diet, characterized by NIGHT BLINDNESS and other ocular manifestations such as dryness of the conjunctiva and later of the cornea (XEROPHTHALMIA). Vitamin A deficiency is a very common problem worldwide, particularly in developing countries as a consequence of famine or shortages of vitamin A-rich foods. In the United States it is found among the urban poor, the elderly, alcoholics, and patients with malabsorption. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1179)
Vitamin D Deficiency
A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of VITAMIN D in the diet, insufficient production of vitamin D in the skin, inadequate absorption of vitamin D from the diet, or abnormal conversion of vitamin D to its bioactive metabolites. It is manifested clinically as RICKETS in children and OSTEOMALACIA in adults. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1406)
Carbon-Carbon Ligases
Enzymes that catalyze the joining of two molecules by the formation of a carbon-carbon bond. These are the carboxylating enzymes and are mostly biotinyl-proteins. EC 6.4.
Vitamin B 6
VITAMIN B 6 refers to several PICOLINES (especially PYRIDOXINE; PYRIDOXAL; & PYRIDOXAMINE) that are efficiently converted by the body to PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE which is a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, and aminolevulinic acid. During transamination of amino acids, pyridoxal phosphate is transiently converted into PYRIDOXAMINE phosphate. Although pyridoxine and Vitamin B 6 are still frequently used as synonyms, especially by medical researchers, this practice is erroneous and sometimes misleading (EE Snell; Ann NY Acad Sci, vol 585 pg 1, 1990). Most of vitamin B6 is eventually degraded to PYRIDOXIC ACID and excreted in the urine.
Vitamin E Deficiency
A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of VITAMIN E in the diet, characterized by posterior column and spinocerebellar tract abnormalities, areflexia, ophthalmoplegia, and disturbances of gait, proprioception, and vibration. In premature infants vitamin E deficiency is associated with hemolytic anemia, thrombocytosis, edema, intraventricular hemorrhage, and increasing risk of retrolental fibroplasia and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. An apparent inborn error of vitamin E metabolism, named familial isolated vitamin E deficiency, has recently been identified. (Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1181)
Vitamin B 12 Deficiency
A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of VITAMIN B 12 in the diet, characterized by megaloblastic anemia. Since vitamin B 12 is not present in plants, humans have obtained their supply from animal products, from multivitamin supplements in the form of pills, and as additives to food preparations. A wide variety of neuropsychiatric abnormalities is also seen in vitamin B 12 deficiency and appears to be due to an undefined defect involving myelin synthesis. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p848)
Warfarin
An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.
Cholecalciferol
Derivative of 7-dehydroxycholesterol formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. It differs from ERGOCALCIFEROL in having a single bond between C22 and C23 and lacking a methyl group at C24.
4-Hydroxycoumarins
Substances found in many plants, containing the 4-hydroxycoumarin radical. They interfere with vitamin K and the blood clotting mechanism, are tightly protein-bound, inhibit mitochondrial and microsomal enzymes, and are used as oral anticoagulants.
Dietary Supplements
Products in capsule, tablet or liquid form that provide dietary ingredients, and that are intended to be taken by mouth to increase the intake of nutrients. Dietary supplements can include macronutrients, such as proteins, carbohydrates, and fats; and/or MICRONUTRIENTS, such as VITAMINS; MINERALS; and PHYTOCHEMICALS.
Vitamin B 6 Deficiency
A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of VITAMIN B 6 in the diet, characterized by dermatitis, glossitis, cheilosis, and stomatitis. Marked deficiency causes irritability, weakness, depression, dizziness, peripheral neuropathy, and seizures. In infants and children typical manifestations are diarrhea, anemia, and seizures. Deficiency can be caused by certain medications, such as isoniazid.
Ascorbic Acid
A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.
K562 Cells
An ERYTHROLEUKEMIA cell line derived from a CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA patient in BLAST CRISIS.
Prothrombin Time
Clotting time of PLASMA recalcified in the presence of excess TISSUE THROMBOPLASTIN. Factors measured are FIBRINOGEN; PROTHROMBIN; FACTOR V; FACTOR VII; and FACTOR X. It is used for monitoring anticoagulant therapy with COUMARINS.
Antifibrinolytic Agents
Agents that prevent fibrinolysis or lysis of a blood clot or thrombus. Several endogenous antiplasmins are known. The drugs are used to control massive hemorrhage and in other coagulation disorders.
Osteocalcin
Vitamin K-dependent calcium-binding protein synthesized by OSTEOBLASTS and found primarily in BONES. Serum osteocalcin measurements provide a noninvasive specific marker of bone metabolism. The protein contains three residues of the amino acid gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla), which, in the presence of CALCIUM, promotes binding to HYDROXYAPATITE and subsequent accumulation in BONE MATRIX.
Prothrombin
A plasma protein that is the inactive precursor of thrombin. It is converted to thrombin by a prothrombin activator complex consisting of factor Xa, factor V, phospholipid, and calcium ions. Deficiency of prothrombin leads to hypoprothrombinemia.
Mixed Function Oxygenases
Widely distributed enzymes that carry out oxidation-reduction reactions in which one atom of the oxygen molecule is incorporated into the organic substrate; the other oxygen atom is reduced and combined with hydrogen ions to form water. They are also known as monooxygenases or hydroxylases. These reactions require two substrates as reductants for each of the two oxygen atoms. There are different classes of monooxygenases depending on the type of hydrogen-providing cosubstrate (COENZYMES) required in the mixed-function oxidation.
Receptors, Calcitriol
Proteins, usually found in the cytoplasm, that specifically bind calcitriol, migrate to the nucleus, and regulate transcription of specific segments of DNA with the participation of D receptor interacting proteins (called DRIP). Vitamin D is converted in the liver and kidney to calcitriol and ultimately acts through these receptors.
Vitamin D-Binding Protein
An alpha-globulin found in the plasma of man and other vertebrates. It is apparently synthesized in the liver and carries vitamin D and its metabolites through the circulation and mediates the response of tissue. It is also known as group-specific component (Gc). Gc subtypes are used to determine specific phenotypes and gene frequencies. These data are employed in the classification of population groups, paternity investigations, and in forensic medicine.
Anticoagulants
Agents that prevent clotting.
International Normalized Ratio
System established by the World Health Organization and the International Committee on Thrombosis and Hemostasis for monitoring and reporting blood coagulation tests. Under this system, results are standardized using the International Sensitivity Index for the particular test reagent/instrument combination used.
Hypoprothrombinemias
Absence or reduced levels of PROTHROMBIN in the blood.
Diet
Regular course of eating and drinking adopted by a person or animal.
Pyridoxine
The 4-methanol form of VITAMIN B 6 which is converted to PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE which is a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. Although pyridoxine and Vitamin B 6 are still frequently used as synonyms, especially by medical researchers, this practice is erroneous and sometimes misleading (EE Snell; Ann NY Acad Sci, vol 585 pg 1, 1990).
1-Carboxyglutamic Acid
Found in various tissues, particularly in four blood-clotting proteins including prothrombin, in kidney protein, in bone protein, and in the protein present in various ectopic calcifications.
Nutritional Status
State of the body in relation to the consumption and utilization of nutrients.
Rodenticides
Substances used to destroy or inhibit the action of rats, mice, or other rodents.
Calcifediol
The major circulating metabolite of VITAMIN D3. It is produced in the LIVER and is the best indicator of the body's vitamin D stores. It is effective in the treatment of RICKETS and OSTEOMALACIA, both in azotemic and non-azotemic patients. Calcifediol also has mineralizing properties.
Phenprocoumon
Coumarin derivative that acts as a long acting oral anticoagulant.
Calcitriol
The physiologically active form of vitamin D. It is formed primarily in the kidney by enzymatic hydroxylation of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (CALCIFEDIOL). Its production is stimulated by low blood calcium levels and parathyroid hormone. Calcitriol increases intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorus, and in concert with parathyroid hormone increases bone resorption.
Avitaminosis
A condition due to a deficiency of one or more essential vitamins. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Injections, Intramuscular
Forceful administration into a muscle of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through a hollow needle piercing the muscle and any tissue covering it.
Administration, Oral
The giving of drugs, chemicals, or other substances by mouth.
Vitamin B Deficiency
A condition due to deficiency in any member of the VITAMIN B COMPLEX. These B vitamins are water-soluble and must be obtained from the diet because they are easily lost in the urine. Unlike the lipid-soluble vitamins, they cannot be stored in the body fat.
Antioxidants
Naturally occurring or synthetic substances that inhibit or retard the oxidation of a substance to which it is added. They counteract the harmful and damaging effects of oxidation in animal tissues.
Ergocalciferols
Derivatives of ERGOSTEROL formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. They differ from CHOLECALCIFEROL in having a double bond between C22 and C23 and a methyl group at C24.
Blood Coagulation Factors
Endogenous substances, usually proteins, that are involved in the blood coagulation process.
H(+)-K(+)-Exchanging ATPase
Bone and Bones
A specialized CONNECTIVE TISSUE that is the main constituent of the SKELETON. The principle cellular component of bone is comprised of OSTEOBLASTS; OSTEOCYTES; and OSTEOCLASTS, while FIBRILLAR COLLAGENS and hydroxyapatite crystals form the BONE MATRIX.
alpha-Tocopherol
A natural tocopherol and one of the most potent antioxidant tocopherols. It exhibits antioxidant activity by virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus. It has four methyl groups on the 6-chromanol nucleus. The natural d form of alpha-tocopherol is more active than its synthetic dl-alpha-tocopherol racemic mixture.
Nutritional Requirements
The amounts of various substances in food needed by an organism to sustain healthy life.
Folic Acid
A member of the vitamin B family that stimulates the hematopoietic system. It is present in the liver and kidney and is found in mushrooms, spinach, yeast, green leaves, and grasses (POACEAE). Folic acid is used in the treatment and prevention of folate deficiencies and megaloblastic anemia.
Dicumarol
An oral anticoagulant that interferes with the metabolism of vitamin K. It is also used in biochemical experiments as an inhibitor of reductases.
Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum
An inherited disorder of connective tissue with extensive degeneration and calcification of ELASTIC TISSUE primarily in the skin, eye, and vasculature. At least two forms exist, autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant. This disorder is caused by mutations of one of the ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS. Patients are predisposed to MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION and GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE.
Blood Coagulation
The process of the interaction of BLOOD COAGULATION FACTORS that results in an insoluble FIBRIN clot.
Elder Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
Nutritional physiology of adults aged 65 years of age and older.
Rickets
Disorders caused by interruption of BONE MINERALIZATION manifesting as OSTEOMALACIA in adults and characteristic deformities in infancy and childhood due to disturbances in normal BONE FORMATION. The mineralization process may be interrupted by disruption of VITAMIN D; PHOSPHORUS; or CALCIUM homeostasis, resulting from dietary deficiencies, or acquired, or inherited metabolic, or hormonal disturbances.
Sunlight
Irradiation directly from the sun.
Hemorrhage
Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.
Bone Density
The amount of mineral per square centimeter of BONE. This is the definition used in clinical practice. Actual bone density would be expressed in grams per milliliter. It is most frequently measured by X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY or TOMOGRAPHY, X RAY COMPUTED. Bone density is an important predictor for OSTEOPOROSIS.
Quinone Reductases
NAD(P)H:(quinone acceptor) oxidoreductases. A family that includes three enzymes which are distinguished by their sensitivity to various inhibitors. EC 1.6.99.2 (NAD(P)H DEHYDROGENASE (QUINONE);) is a flavoprotein which reduces various quinones in the presence of NADH or NADPH and is inhibited by dicoumarol. EC 1.6.99.5 (NADH dehydrogenase (quinone)) requires NADH, is inhibited by AMP and 2,4-dinitrophenol but not by dicoumarol or folic acid derivatives. EC 1.6.99.6 (NADPH dehydrogenase (quinone)) requires NADPH and is inhibited by dicoumarol and folic acid derivatives but not by 2,4-dinitrophenol.
beta Carotene
A carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. It is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC). (From Reynolds JEF(Ed): Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (electronic version). Micromedex, Inc, Engewood, CO, 1995.)
Liver
A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.
Food, Fortified
Any food that has been supplemented with essential nutrients either in quantities that are greater than those present normally, or which are not present in the food normally. Fortified food includes also food to which various nutrients have been added to compensate for those removed by refinement or processing. (From Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)
Blood Coagulation Tests
Laboratory tests for evaluating the individual's clotting mechanism.
Infant, Newborn
An infant during the first month after birth.
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.
Blood Coagulation Disorders
Hemorrhagic and thrombotic disorders that occur as a consequence of abnormalities in blood coagulation due to a variety of factors such as COAGULATION PROTEIN DISORDERS; BLOOD PLATELET DISORDERS; BLOOD PROTEIN DISORDERS or nutritional conditions.
Sodium-Coupled Vitamin C Transporters
Membrane transport proteins that actively co-transport ASCORBIC ACID and sodium ions across the CELL MEMBRANE. Dietary absorption of VITAMIN C is highly dependent upon this class of transporters and a subset of SODIUM GLUCOSE TRANSPORTERS which transport the oxidized form of vitamin C, DEHYDROASCORBIC ACID.
Naphthoquinones
Naphthalene rings which contain two ketone moieties in any position. They can be substituted in any position except at the ketone groups.
Calcium
A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.
25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1-alpha-Hydroxylase
A mitochondrial cytochrome P450 enzyme that catalyzes the 1-alpha-hydroxylation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (also known as 25-hydroxycholecalciferol) in the presence of molecular oxygen and NADPH-FERRIHEMOPROTEIN REDUCTASE. This enzyme, encoded by CYP27B1 gene, converts 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 to 1-alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 which is the active form of VITAMIN D in regulating bone growth and calcium metabolism. This enzyme is also active on plant 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 (ergocalciferol).
Partial Thromboplastin Time
The time required for the appearance of FIBRIN strands following the mixing of PLASMA with phospholipid platelet substitute (e.g., crude cephalins, soybean phosphatides). It is a test of the intrinsic pathway (factors VIII, IX, XI, and XII) and the common pathway (fibrinogen, prothrombin, factors V and X) of BLOOD COAGULATION. It is used as a screening test and to monitor HEPARIN therapy.
Biological Markers
Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.
Calcium, Dietary
Calcium compounds used as food supplements or in food to supply the body with calcium. Dietary calcium is needed during growth for bone development and for maintenance of skeletal integrity later in life to prevent osteoporosis.
Hydroxycholecalciferols
Hydroxy analogs of vitamin D 3; (CHOLECALCIFEROL); including CALCIFEDIOL; CALCITRIOL; and 24,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D 3.
Protein Precursors
Nurseries, Hospital
Hospital facilities which provide care for newborn infants.
Homocysteine
A thiol-containing amino acid formed by a demethylation of METHIONINE.
Carotenoids
The general name for a group of fat-soluble pigments found in green, yellow, and leafy vegetables, and yellow fruits. They are aliphatic hydrocarbons consisting of a polyisoprene backbone.
Transcobalamins
A group of carrier proteins which bind with VITAMIN B12 in the BLOOD and aid in its transport. Transcobalamin I migrates electrophoretically as a beta-globulin, while transcobalamins II and III migrate as alpha-globulins.
Tocopherols
A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain substitutions on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus and a long hydrocarbon chain of isoprenoid units. They are antioxidants by virtue of the phenolic hydrogen. Tocopherols react with the most reactive form of oxygen and protect unsaturated fatty acids from oxidation.
Microsomes, Liver
Closed vesicles of fragmented endoplasmic reticulum created when liver cells or tissue are disrupted by homogenization. They may be smooth or rough.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.
25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2
9,10-Secoergosta-5,7,10(19),22-tetraene-3,25-diol. Biologically active metabolite of vitamin D2 which is more active in curing rickets than its parent. The compound is believed to attach to the same receptor as vitamin D2 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3.
Ligases
A class of enzymes that catalyze the formation of a bond between two substrate molecules, coupled with the hydrolysis of a pyrophosphate bond in ATP or a similar energy donor. (Dorland, 28th ed) EC 6.
Parathyroid Hormone
A polypeptide hormone (84 amino acid residues) secreted by the PARATHYROID GLANDS which performs the essential role of maintaining intracellular CALCIUM levels in the body. Parathyroid hormone increases intracellular calcium by promoting the release of CALCIUM from BONE, increases the intestinal absorption of calcium, increases the renal tubular reabsorption of calcium, and increases the renal excretion of phosphates.
Double-Blind Method
A method of studying a drug or procedure in which both the subjects and investigators are kept unaware of who is actually getting which specific treatment.
Nutrition Policy
Guidelines and objectives pertaining to food supply and nutrition including recommendations for healthy diet.
Hemorrhagic Disorders
Spontaneous or near spontaneous bleeding caused by a defect in clotting mechanisms (BLOOD COAGULATION DISORDERS) or another abnormality causing a structural flaw in the blood vessels (HEMOSTATIC DISORDERS).
Methylmalonic Acid
A malonic acid derivative which is a vital intermediate in the metabolism of fat and protein. Abnormalities in methylmalonic acid metabolism lead to methylmalonic aciduria. This metabolic disease is attributed to a block in the enzymatic conversion of methylmalonyl CoA to succinyl CoA.
Osteoporosis
Reduction of bone mass without alteration in the composition of bone, leading to fractures. Primary osteoporosis can be of two major types: postmenopausal osteoporosis (OSTEOPOROSIS, POSTMENOPAUSAL) and age-related or senile osteoporosis.
Bone Density Conservation Agents
Agents that inhibit BONE RESORPTION and/or favor BONE MINERALIZATION and BONE REGENERATION. They are used to heal BONE FRACTURES and to treat METABOLIC BONE DISEASES such as OSTEOPOROSIS.
Hemostatics
Agents acting to arrest the flow of blood. Absorbable hemostatics arrest bleeding either by the formation of an artificial clot or by providing a mechanical matrix that facilitates clotting when applied directly to the bleeding surface. These agents function more at the capillary level and are not effective at stemming arterial or venous bleeding under any significant intravascular pressure.
Risk Factors
An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.
Vitamin D Response Element
A DNA sequence that is found in the promoter region of vitamin D regulated genes. Vitamin D receptor (RECEPTOR, CALCITRIOL) binds to and regulates the activity of genes containing this element.
Dihydroxycholecalciferols
Cholecalciferols substituted with two hydroxy groups in any position.
Bone Diseases, Metabolic
Riboflavin
Nutritional factor found in milk, eggs, malted barley, liver, kidney, heart, and leafy vegetables. The richest natural source is yeast. It occurs in the free form only in the retina of the eye, in whey, and in urine; its principal forms in tissues and cells are as FLAVIN MONONUCLEOTIDE and FLAVIN-ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE.
Time Factors
Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.
Pyridoxal Phosphate
This is the active form of VITAMIN B 6 serving as a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. During transamination of amino acids, pyridoxal phosphate is transiently converted into pyridoxamine phosphate (PYRIDOXAMINE).
Etidronic Acid
A diphosphonate which affects calcium metabolism. It inhibits ectopic calcification and slows down bone resorption and bone turnover.
Phenindione
An indandione that has been used as an anticoagulant. Phenindione has actions similar to WARFARIN, but it is now rarely employed because of its higher incidence of severe adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p234)
Cefotetan
A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic that is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. The drug is highly resistant to a broad spectrum of beta-lactamases and is active against a wide range of both aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.

Factor VII as a marker of hepatocellular synthetic function in liver disease. (1/237)

Factor VII levels have been measured in 100 patients with liver disease following parenteral vitamin K1 therapy. There was good agreement between specific factor VII measurements and the one-stage prothrombin time apart from six patients with compensated cirrhosis in whom the prothrombin time was prolonged despite the presence of normal factor VII levels. A mean activity of 58% was found in patients with cirrhosis. Cirrhotic patients with features of hepatic decompensation had a significantly lower mean level of activity (40%) than the "contrast" patients with surgical obstruction of the major bile ducts (93%). Patients with chronic active liver disease had moderate depression of factor VII levels and those with non-cirrhotic liver damage had mean activities similar to the contrast group. Factor VII levels could not be correlated with BSP retention but there was a correlation with serum albumin concentration. It is concluded that the prothrombin time using Quick test with a standardized thromboplastin showing good sensitivity to factor VII, eg, the Manchester reagent (BCT), provides a reliable index of coagulability in chronic liver disease, and specific factor VII assays are not indicated.  (+info)

Localization of two phylloquinones, QK and QK', in an improved electron density map of photosystem I at 4-A resolution. (2/237)

An improved electron density map of photosystem I from Synechococcus elongatus calculated at 4-A resolution for the first time reveals a second phylloquinone molecule and thereby completes the set of cofactors constituting the electron transfer system of this iron-sulfur type photosynthetic reaction center: six chlorophyll a, two phylloquinones, and three Fe4S4 clusters. The location of the newly identified phylloquinone pair, the individual plane orientations of these molecules, and the resulting distances to other cofactors of the electron transfer system are discussed and compared with those determined by magnetic resonance techniques.  (+info)

Effect of vitamin K1 on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient neonatal erythrocytes in vitro. (3/237)

AIM: To determine whether vitamin K1, which is routinely administered to neonates, could act as an exogenous oxidising agent and be partly responsible for haemolysis in glucose-6-phosphat-dehydrogenase (G-6-PD). METHODS: G-6-PD deficient (n = 7) and control (n = 10) umbilical cord blood red blood cells were incubated in vitro with a vitamin K1 preparation (Konakion). Two concentrations of Vitamin K1 were used, both higher than that of expected serum concentrations, following routine injection of 1 mg vitamin K1. Concentrations of reduced glutathione (GSH) and methaemoglobin, indicators of oxidative red blood cell damage, were determined before and after incubation, and the mean percentage change from baseline calculated. RESULTS: Values (mean (SD)) for GSH, at baseline, and after incubation with vitamin K1 at concentrations of 44 and 444 microM, respectively, and percentage change from baseline (mean (SD)) were 1.97 + 0.31 mumol/g haemoglobin, 1.89 +/- 0.44 mumol/g (-4.3 +/- 13.1%), and 1.69 +/- 0.41 mumol/g (-14.5 +/- 9.3%) for the G-6-PD deficient red blood cells, and 2.27 +/- 0.31 mumol/g haemoglobin, 2.09 +/- 0.56 mumol/g (-7.2 +/- 23.2%), and 2.12 +/- 0.38 mumol/g (-6.0 + 14.1%) for the control cells. For methaemoglobin (percentage of total haemoglobin), the corresponding values were 2.01 +/- 0.53%, 1.93 +/- 0.37% (-0.6 +/- 17.4%) and 2.06 +/- 0.43% (5.7 +/- 14.2%) for the G-6-PD deficient red blood cells, and 1.56 +/- 0.74%, 1.70 +/- 0.78% (12.7 +/- 21.9%), and 1.78 +/- 0.71% (20.6 +/- 26.8%) for the control red blood cells. None of the corresponding percentage changes from baseline was significantly different when G-6-PD deficient and control red blood cells were compared. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that G-6-PD deficient red blood cells are not at increased risk of oxidative damage from vitamin K1.  (+info)

The influence of vitamin K1 on the structure and phase behaviour of model membrane systems. (4/237)

Vitamin K1 is a component of the Photosystem I of plants which constitutes the major dietary form of vitamin K. The major function of this vitamin is to be cofactor of the microsomal gamma-glutamylcarboxylase. Recently, novel roles for this vitamin in the membrane have been postulated. To get insight into the influence of vitamin K1 on the phospholipid component of the membrane, we have studied the interaction between vitamin K1 and model membranes composed of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and dielaidoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DEPE). We utilized high-sensitivity differential scanning calorimetry and small-angle X-ray diffraction techniques. Vitamin K1 affected the thermotropic properties of the phospholipids, broadened and shifted the transitions to lower temperatures, and produced the appearance of several peaks in the thermograms. The presence of the vitamin gave rise to the formation of vitamin-rich domains which were immiscible with the bulk phospholipid in both the gel and the liquid-crystalline phases. Vitamin K1 was unable to alter the lamellar organization of DMPC, but we found that it produced an increase in the interlamellar repeat spacing of DMPC at 10 degrees C. Interestingly, vitamin K1 promoted the formation of inverted hexagonal HII structures in the DEPE system. We discuss the possible implications that these vitamin K1-phospholipid interactions might have with respect to the biological function of the vitamin.  (+info)

Tissue phylloquinone and menaquinones in rats are affected by age and gender. (5/237)

Phylloquinone and ten menaquinones (MK-1-MK-10) were measured in liver and eight extrahepatic tissues from male and female rats at 3, 12 and 24 mo of age. Phylloquinone and menaquinones showed characteristic tissue distribution. In liver, all 11 vitamers of vitamin K assayed were present in varying concentrations with phylloquinone and MK-6 the major forms. The only forms of vitamin K found in extrahepatic tissues were phylloquinone, MK-4 and MK-6. Brain contained only MK-4 and traces of phylloquinone. No significant gender difference was observed for phylloquinone except in heart at 3 mo of age (P +info)

Comparison of phylloquinone bioavailability from food sources or a supplement in human subjects. (6/237)

Phylloquinone (K) absorption was assessed in 22- to 30-y-old human subjects consuming a standard test meal [402 kcal (1682 kJ), 27% energy from fat]. The absorption of phylloquinone, measured over a 9-h period as the area under the curve (AUC), was higher (P < 0.01) after the consumption of a 500- microgram phylloquinone tablet [27.55 +/- 10.08 nmol/(L. h), n = 8] than after the ingestion of 495 microgram phylloquinone as 150 g of raw spinach [4.79 +/- 1.11 nmol/(L. h), n = 3]. Less phylloquinone (P < 0.05) was absorbed from 50 g of spinach (AUC = 2.49 +/- 1.11 nmol/(L. h) than from 150 g of spinach. Absorption of phylloquinone from fresh spinach (165 microgram K), fresh broccoli (184 microgram K) and fresh romaine lettuce (179 microgram K) did not differ. There was no difference in phylloquinone absorption from fresh or cooked broccoli or from fresh romaine lettuce consumed with a meal containing 30 or 45% energy as fat.  (+info)

Neuroprotective effects of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors in transient focal cerebral ischemia of rats. (7/237)

AIM: To explore the role of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in focal cerebral ischemia with reperfusion injury. METHODS: Male Wistar rats underwent 3.5-h of temporary middle cerebral artery occlusion by intraluminal suture. Infarction volume was showed with 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and quantitated by image analysis system, neurologic scores were determined with a 0-5 grading scale. RESULTS: 3-Aminobenzamide (3-AB) 10 mg.kg-1 or nicotinamide (Nic) at 20 mg.kg-1 showed potent neuroprotective effects within 0-6 h, neurologic deficits were attenuated. With the increasing dose of PARP inhibitors, beneficial effects were compromised, particularly, administration of Nic 60 mg.kg-1 at the onset of reperfusion drastically accelerated brain damage. Phytomenadione, a selective inhibitor of mono (ADP-ribosyl) transferase, had little effect on infarction volume. CONCLUSION: Transient incomplete inhibition of PARP provides a neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, with a relatively wide therapeutic window, whereas severe inhibition of this enzyme, especially in reperfusion phase, is detrimental.  (+info)

Response of vitamin K status to different intakes and sources of phylloquinone-rich foods: comparison of younger and older adults. (8/237)

BACKGROUND: Phylloquinone, found in dark-green vegetables and certain plant oils, is the primary dietary source of the fat-soluble vitamin K. Limited data suggest that the relative bioavailability of phylloquinone from vegetables is lower than that from a supplement. This finding is relevant to the maintenance of optimal vitamin K status. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare, in younger and older adults, the relative bioavailability of phylloquinone from a vegetable with that of a fortified oil. DESIGN: In a crossover design with three 15-d residency periods in a metabolic unit, younger and older men and women (n = 36) consumed a mixed diet containing 100 microg phylloquinone/d. During 2 residency periods, the mixed diet was supplemented for 5 d with either broccoli (377 microg phylloquinone/d; broccoli diet) or phylloquinone-fortified oil (417 microg/d; oil diet). The relative bioavailability of phylloquinone was defined by the difference in plasma phylloquinone, percentage serum undercarboxylated osteocalcin (%ucOC), and urinary gamma-carboxyglutamic acid in response to 5 d of supplementation. RESULTS: For both younger and older adults, plasma phylloquinone concentrations were higher (P < 0.001) and %ucOC values were lower (P = 0.001) after the broccoli and oil diets than after the mixed diet only. Overall, the response to broccoli supplementation was not significantly different from the response to the fortified oil in either age group. Urinary gamma-carboxyglutamic acid did not change in response to supplementation. CONCLUSIONS: There was no significant difference in the relative bioavailability of phylloquinone, as evidenced by the lack of a significant difference in plasma phylloquinone and %ucOC between the 2 groups after either the broccoli or oil diets for younger and older adults.  (+info)

Vitamin K in hand osteoarthritis: results from a randomised clinical trial | Annals of the Rheumatic DiseasesVitamin K in hand osteoarthritis: results from a randomised clinical trial | Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
Objectives: Vitamin K has bone and cartilage effects, and previously shown to be associated with radiographic osteoarthritis. We evaluated vitamin Ks effect on hand osteoarthritis in a randomised controlled trial.. Methods: This was an ancillary study to a randomised controlled trial assessing the effects of phylloquinone supplementation (vitamin K arm) versus placebo on bone loss and vascular calcification among older adults regardless of their vitamin K status. At the final 3-year study visit, we assessed the effects of vitamin K versus placebo on hand x-ray features of osteoarthritis using logistic regression and intention to treat, and also restricted analysis to the subgroup that had insufficient vitamin K concentrations at baseline.. Results: This ancillary study had 378 participants (193 in vitamin K arm, 185 in placebo arm). There were no effects of randomisation to vitamin K for radiographic osteoarthritis outcomes. Those with insufficient vitamin K at baseline who attained sufficient ...
http://ard.bmj.com/content/67/11/1570
Vitamin K - Health Professional Fact SheetVitamin K - Health Professional Fact Sheet
Vitamin K, the generic name for a family of compounds with a common chemical structure of 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone, is a fat-soluble vitamin that is naturally present in some foods and is available as a dietary supplement [1]. These compounds include phylloquinone (vitamin K1) and a series of menaquinones (vitamin K2) [2]. Menaquinones have unsaturated isoprenyl side chains and are designated as MK-4 through MK-13, based on the length of their side chain [1,2]. MK-4, MK-7, and MK-9 are the most well-studied menaquinones.. Phylloquinone is present primarily in green leafy vegetables and is the main dietary form of vitamin K [3]. Menaquinones, which are predominantly of bacterial origin, are present in modest amounts in various animal-based and fermented foods [1,4]. Almost all menaquinones, in particular the long-chain menaquinones, are also produced by bacteria in the human gut [5,6]. MK-4 is unique in that it is produced by the body from phylloquinone via a conversion process that does not ...
https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminK-HealthProfessional/
Vitamin K - Phylloquinone | Alternative MedicineVitamin K - Phylloquinone | Alternative Medicine
Vitamin K1 is technically called as Phylloquinone (other form of vitamin K is Vitamin K2 called as menaquinones ) . It is one of the fat soluble vitamins .
http://alternativemedicinewiz.com/vitamins/vitamin-k-phylloquinone/
NUTRILO GMBH公司提供的Phylloquinone (Vitamin K) -- 食品、飲料與營養保健品NUTRILO GMBH公司提供的Phylloquinone (Vitamin K) -- 食品、飲料與營養保健品
Phylloquinone (Vitamin K) is a food grade fat-soluble vitamin. Vitamin K helps blood to coagulate properly and reduces the risk of osteoporosis. It is u...
https://www.ulprospector.com/zh-tw/asia/Food/Detail/14422/388795/Phylloquinone-Vitamin-K
Plus itPlus it
Anatagonists of vitamin K-warfarin, phenylindanedione the 2-chloro analogue of vitamin K1, and tetrachloropyridinol-blocked prothrombin synthesis completely and without a lag period in the rat. Experiments to determine the mode of action of the antagonists indicated that they could be divided into two groups. The inhibition of prothrombin synthesis by all four antagonists was reversed by vitamin K1, but the inhibition in Sprague-Dawley rats by group I (warfarin and phenylindanedione) was not reversed by phylloquinone epoxide, beause the group I compounds inhibited the conversion of [3H] phylloquinone epoxide to the active vitamin, [3H]vitamin K1, and caused the accumulation of [3H] phylloquinone epoxide in rats that had received injections of the tritiated vitamin. It is proposed that group I compounds were ineffective in blocking prothrombin synthesis in warfarin-resistant rats because in these animals the conversion from epoxide to K1 is not as sensitive as in normal animals. Consequently the ...
http://molpharm.aspetjournals.org/content/10/3/373
Vitamin K status in healthy volunteers.Vitamin K status in healthy volunteers.
Abstract Vitamin Ks recommended dietary allowance (RDA) is based on the hepatic requirement for clotting factor synthesis, but substantial concentrations of undercarboxylated extr..
https://www.omicsonline.org/references/vitamin-k-status-in-healthy-volunteers-992024.html
A Childs Vitamin K Status & Implications on Bone HealthA Childs Vitamin K Status & Implications on Bone Health
Vitamin K was linked to improved bone health in both healthy children and sufferers of juvenile idiopathic arthritis, according to a study.
https://www.invitehealth.com/a-childs-vitamin-k-status-could-have-important-long-term-implications-on-bone-health/radio/2008/07/
Vitamin K-2 by ProHealth (Vitamin K2 100Mcg Supplement) - ProHealth.comVitamin K-2 by ProHealth (Vitamin K2 100Mcg Supplement) - ProHealth.com
Promote your overall health with the most biologically active form of vitamin K supplement. Even if you take a calcium supplement, your body may not be able to take advantage of its benefits. Recent research has found that vitamin K-2 supplement is a
https://www.prohealth.com/shop/product.cfm/product__code/PH405
Vitamin K-2 by ProHealth (Vitamin K2 100Mcg Supplement) - ProHealth.comVitamin K-2 by ProHealth (Vitamin K2 100Mcg Supplement) - ProHealth.com
Promote your overall health with the most biologically active form of vitamin K supplement. Even if you take a calcium supplement, your body may not be able to take advantage of its benefits. Recent research has found that vitamin K-2 supplement is a
https://www.prohealth.com/shop/product.cfm/product__code/PH405/tab/Label
Vitamin K-absorption From Dairy - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govVitamin K-absorption From Dairy - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Lactic acid bacteria produce a mixture of higher menaquinones, including menaquinone-9 (MK-9) and menaquinone-10 (MK-10). Vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) is normally present in chloroplasts in green vegetables. A new dairy product is developed containing both vitamin K1 and K2-vitamins. However, the extent to which the various forms of vitamin K are absorbed from such a mixture is not known. In this study the absorption profile of phylloquinone and menaquinones from this new dairy product containing several K-vitamins is investigated. This study describes a dietary intervention experiment for one single cocktail containing several K-vitamins as part of a dairy product ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00931437
Country Life (Biochem) - Vitamin K-1 100 mcg 100 Tablets - Save 28%Country Life (Biochem) - Vitamin K-1 100 mcg 100 Tablets - Save 28%
Save 28% Country Life (Biochem) - Vitamin K-1 100 mcg 100 Tablets Vitamin K 100mcg Certified Gluten-Free Supports Bone Health* K1 Naturally Found in Food Dark leafy vegetables contain phytonadione, a form of vitamin K. This form of vitamin K is essential and used in the body to support bone and blood health.* Vegan.
https://www.nutritionexpress.com/supplements/vitamin+k/country+life+biochem+vitamin+k-1+100+mcg+100+tablets.aspx
Now Foods Vitamin K-2 (MK7) Veg Capsules, 100 mcg, 60 Count - Lifestyle UpdatedNow Foods Vitamin K-2 (MK7) Veg Capsules, 100 mcg, 60 Count - Lifestyle Updated
NOW Foods MK-7 vitamin K2 contains a highly biologically active form of vitamin k2 derived from non-GMO natto Vitamin K2 and its dependent proteins have been discovered to be of vital importance for bone and vascular health These vitamin k2-dependent proteins are now known to play pivotal roles in the physiology of bone mineralization
https://www.lifestyleupdated.com/shop/fitness-sports/vitamins-and-dietary-supplements/now-foods-vitamin-k-2-mk7-veg-capsules-100-mcg-60-count/
Vitamin K1 Reduces Risk of Type 2 by 50 PercentVitamin K1 Reduces Risk of Type 2 by 50 Percent
Adding foods or supplements rich in vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) may help protect against type 2 diabetes.... The study found that high intake of the vitamin
http://www.diabetesincontrol.com/vitamin-k1-reduces-risk-of-type-2-by-50-percent/
Vitamin K2 | Alternative Natural Health ProductsVitamin K2 | Alternative Natural Health Products
A superior formulation that is not only easy to absorb and utilise but is also sustainably produced. This product is unique among many other supplements, it is also free from soy and carrageenan. Vitamin K is found mainly in the diet in the form of K1, phylloquinone, but it is generally considered that K2 is […]
https://www.natural-alternative-products.co.uk/product/vitamin-k2-2/
Product information, instructions, health benefits, and usage for Vitamin K-2Product information, instructions, health benefits, and usage for Vitamin K-2
Vitamin K-2 list and information including what is Vitamin K-2, health benefits and usage indications. Find articles and product list for other top low-carb products, fat-burners, nutrition bars and shakes.
https://www.allstarhealth.com/lj_c_b/vitamin_k-2/yummi_bears.htm
Side Effects of Vitamin K-2 | Livestrong.comSide Effects of Vitamin K-2 | Livestrong.com
Vitamin K-2 shares many of the same vital roles as vitamin K-1. They both stop bleeding by making your blood clot, and both contribute to bone and cardiovascular health.
https://www.livestrong.com/article/448052-side-effects-of-vitamin-k-2/
KEGG PATHWAY: tps00130KEGG PATHWAY: tps00130
Ubiquinone (UQ), also called coenzyme Q, and plastoquinone (PQ) are electron carriers in oxidative phosphorylation and photosynthesis, respectively. The quinoid nucleus of ubiquinone is derived from the shikimate pathway; 4-hydroxybenzoate is directly formed from chorismate in bacteria, while it can be formed from either chorismate or tyrosine in yeast. The following biosynthesis of terpenoid moiety involves reactions of prenylation, decarboxylation, and three hydroxylations alternating with three methylations. The order of these reactions are somewhat different between bacteria and yeast. Phylloquinone (vitamin K1), menaquinone (vitamin K2), and tocopherol (vitamin E) are fat-soluble vitamins. Phylloquinone is a compound present in all photosynthetic plants serving as a cofactor for photosystem I-mediated electron transport. Menaquinone is an obligatory component of the electron-transfer pathway in bacteria ...
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?pathway+tps00130
KEGG PATHWAY: pms00130KEGG PATHWAY: pms00130
Ubiquinone (UQ), also called coenzyme Q, and plastoquinone (PQ) are electron carriers in oxidative phosphorylation and photosynthesis, respectively. The quinoid nucleus of ubiquinone is derived from the shikimate pathway; 4-hydroxybenzoate is directly formed from chorismate in bacteria, while it can be formed from either chorismate or tyrosine in yeast. The following biosynthesis of terpenoid moiety involves reactions of prenylation, decarboxylation, and three hydroxylations alternating with three methylations. The order of these reactions are somewhat different between bacteria and yeast. Phylloquinone (vitamin K1), menaquinone (vitamin K2), and tocopherol (vitamin E) are fat-soluble vitamins. Phylloquinone is a compound present in all photosynthetic plants serving as a cofactor for photosystem I-mediated electron transport. Menaquinone is an obligatory component of the electron-transfer pathway in bacteria ...
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?pathway+pms00130
VITAMIN KVITAMIN K
Ill take vitamin pills. Kenny said to the good doctor.. Well, thats an idea, said Dr. Wise. Certainly if you are unable to get good, whole food you should take vitamin pills but I recommend you get your vitamins from food. Our bodies respond better to nutrients like vitamins and minerals if they come in food. They tend to work better when they are delivered naturally. Natural foods carry vitamins, minerals and other nutrients that work together as a team to make us healthy.. Oh, said Kenny thoughtfully.. Ill tell you what, Ill set you up with a dietician who can give you some good ideas about how to get more vitamins and minerals into your diet, o.k.. I guess. o.k.. A couple of months later Kennys nose bleeds and excess bruising had stopped. The recipes he received from the dietician had not only helped him with the lack of Vitamin K but had also introduced him to a whole new world of really great tasting food and a much healthier body.. WHAT HAPPENS WHEN WE DONT GET ENOUGH ...
http://www.mindbodyandfood.ca/about-vitamins/vitamin-k/
Publications • AG Bittl • Department of PhysicsPublications • AG Bittl • Department of Physics
Insertional Inactivation of the menG Gene, Encoding 2-Phytyl-1,4-Naphthoquinone Methyltransferase of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, Results in the Incorporation of 2-Phytyl-1,4-Naphthoquinone into the A1 Site and Alteration of the Equilibrium Constant between A1 and FX in Photosystem I ...
http://www.physik.fu-berlin.de/en/einrichtungen/ag/ag-bittl/publikationen/index.html
Vitamin KVitamin K
Vitamin K         Vitamin K (K from Koagulation in German) denotes a group of lipophilic, and hydrophobic, vitamins that are needed for
https://www.bionity.com/en/encyclopedia/Vitamin_K.html
Vitamin K-2 90 mcgVitamin K-2 90 mcg
|p||strong| |/strong||/p| |p|No matter what age you are, its important that you’re always looking out for the health of your bones and heart. After all, your bones and heart are two very essential components to living.|/p| |p|Because osteopen
https://www.hotzevitamins.com/products/health-concerns/bone-support/vitamin-k-2.html
ALS by Tiffany K on PreziALS by Tiffany K on Prezi
Do you really want to delete this prezi? Neither you, nor the coeditors you shared it with will be able to recover it again. DeleteCancel ...
https://prezi.com/bzodncqn1un0/als/
Pure Encapsulations - Nutrient 950 with Vitamin K & Metafolin L-5-MTHF - 180Pure Encapsulations - Nutrient 950 with Vitamin K & Metafolin L-5-MTHF - 180
Nutrient 950 with Vitamin K Multivitamin/mineral formula with vitamin K and 1,000 i.u. vitamin D This formula provides our Nutrient 950 without iron formula, enhanced with vitamin K1 and vitamin K2. Vitamin K1, phylloquinone, is the most common form of vitamin K and is found in plants and green vegetables. This formula also provides the most active and bioavailable forms of vitamin K2, menaquinone-7 (MK-7) and menaquinone-4 (MK-4). Studies indicate that vitamin K1 and MK-4 are primarily concentrated in the liver, while MK-7 concentrates in extra-hepatic tissues. Vitamin K2 encourages osteocalcin to bind to calcium and promote healthy bone mineralization. Vitamin K2, as MK-7, is especially important for maintaining healthy arterial calcium metabolism, supporting healthy vascular elasticity. Recent studies indicate that vitamin D also potentiates the activity of vitamin K, providing synergistic support for bone health and blood vessel function. This formula provides 1,000 i.u. vitamin D.
https://www.totaldiscountvitamins.com/create_review/28317/pure_encapsulations
Vitamin KVitamin K
Vitamin K, a fat-soluble vitamin, is absorbed in the presence of bile, pancreatic juices, and is enhanced by dietary fat. Once absorbed, vitamin K is transported by chylomicrons which are microscopic lipid particles that transport fat-soluble components through the lymph. Vitamin K is moderately stable to heat, but unstable to light, acid, and alkali conditions. Vitamin K is found in nature in two forms㰥, also called phylloquinone, is found in plants; and vitamin K2, also called menaquinone, which can be synthesized by many bacteria. Vitamin K3, menadione, is a synthetic form of vitamin K which is manmade. Vitamin K, a group of three related substances, is the last of the fat-soluble vitamins, completing the family that also includes vitamins A, D, E, and F. This nutrient, both found in nature and made in the body, helps phylloquinone, the natural vitamin K found in alfalfa and other foods.It was discovered in Denmark and labeled vitamin K for the Danish word Koagulation. Food-source ...
http://www.orthomolecular.org/nutrients/k.html
I have been on Coumadin for 11 years and supplements I would like to take contain vitamin K. - Ask the Dietitian®I have been on Coumadin for 11 years and supplements I would like to take contain vitamin K. - Ask the Dietitian®
It is confusing when doctors dont agree. Ask your doctors to talk to each other to reach a consensus on whether or not you should take a supplement with vitamin K. Until then, caution would be the better choice and not take a supplement with vitamin K. Ask a pharmacist at your favorite store for their recommendation of a supplement without vitamin K.. The biggest issue with coumadin and vitamin K is you need to eat a consistent amount of vitamin K containing foods every day. In other words, one day, dont eat lots of green leafy vegetables and the next few days go without. It would be more difficult to regulate your clotting time with varying vitamin K intakes. Go back and read the vitamin K topic as there is a list of high vitamin K foods. Try to eat about the same amount of vitamin K every day.. ...
https://www.dietitian.com/rda-dri/vitamin-k-blood-thinners/i-have-been-on-coumadin-for-11-years-and-supplements-i-would-like-to-take-contain-vitamin-k/
Is Vitamin K An Antioxidant - gabrieldroberts.comIs Vitamin K An Antioxidant - gabrieldroberts.com
Vitamin K is mostly known for clotting blood. Other vitamins, such as vitamins A, C and E receive recognition for acting as antioxidants and serving multiple purposes. Without enough vitamin K, you could bleed to death over a simple cut. Vitamin K helps reduce the risk of bleeding from various illnesses such as liver disease, long-term use of antibiotics, and malabsorption syndromes. Vitamin K helps your bones use calcium, which can help prevent certain conditions such as osteoporosis.. Vitamin K may help keep blood pressure lower by preventing mineralization, where minerals build up in the arteries. This enables the heart to pump blood freely through the body.. Mineralization naturally occurs with age, and it is a major risk factor for heart disease. Adequate intake of vitamin K has also been shown to lower the risk of stroke.. A new 2014 study on vitamin K confirms that ample vitamin K intake can indeed help you live longer.2 In a group of more than 7,000 people at high risk for cardiovascular ...
http://gabrieldroberts.com/is-vitamin-k-an-antioxidant/
Osteoporosis 2: The Vitamin K2 Story - Dr. Jack KruseOsteoporosis 2: The Vitamin K2 Story - Dr. Jack Kruse
The VKOR is the crucial enzyme in vitamin K metabolism in humans. It enables Vitamin Ks recycling after it has been oxidized in the carboxylase reaction through which it activates Gla-proteins. KH2 is a cofactor in this crucial step. Vitamin K2 carboxylates the Gla-proteins of osteocalcin to stimulate osteoblasts to make new bone and prevent osteoporosis. Because of the VKOR recycling, the human dietary requirement for vitamin K is extremely low. It is just 45 mcg/day when things are working optimally. Of course if the gut is not working well for any reason, the dietary needs can skyrocket. The gut microbiome can make vitamin K, provided there is a normal gut flora state. From the gut microflora, the vitamin K concentrates in the liver for storage until it is needed. Storage is small, because Vitamin K2 is used rapidly in the human system. Vitamin K2 is absorbed from the jejunum and ileum. As with other fat-soluble vitamins, absorption depends on the presence of bile and pancreatic juices, and ...
https://jackkruse.com/osteoporosis-two-the-vitamin-k2-story/?replytocom=28797
Increased Vitamin K Consumption May Slow Progression of Insulin Resistance and Lower Diabetes Risk | EmediaHealthIncreased Vitamin K Consumption May Slow Progression of Insulin Resistance and Lower Diabetes Risk | EmediaHealth
Increasing vitamin K intake by diet and supplements is safe for most people. The main exception is those taking dangerous vitamin K antagonist drugs such as warfarin for controlling their coagulation. These drugs interfere with the action of vitamin K in the body, thus slowing blood clotting but also unfortunately damaging bone maintenance and vitamin K protective functions in the brain and likely other organs such as the pancreas and the salivary glands. K2 function in the salivary glands is particularly interesting as it appears to be connected to remineralization processes that allow saliva to repair weak or damaged tooth surfaces. This is thought to explain why dentist Weston Price observed that populations that have diets poor in vitamin K (particularly the at-the-time unknown vitamin K2 which he called Activator X) tend to have more dental cavities.. For the most part, mainstream diet and nutrition discussion focuses almost exclusively on vitamin K1 that you find primarily in plant based ...
http://emediahealth.com/2012/06/19/increased-vitamin-k-consumption-may-slow-progression-of-insulin-resistance-and-lower-diabetes-risk/
Health Effects of Vitamins: Vitamin K and Bone mineral densityHealth Effects of Vitamins: Vitamin K and Bone mineral density
In the study of Vitamin K, circulating cytokines, and bone mineral density in older men and women by Shea MK, Dallal GE, Dawson-Hughes B, Ordovas JM, ODonnell CJ, Gundberg CM, Peterson JW, Booth SL., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, found that Poor vitamin K status was associated with high concentrations of cytokines involved in bone turnover, but vitamin K supplementation did not confer a decrease in cytokine concentrations. The healthy status of this cohort may explain a lack of effect of vitamin K supplementation on cytokine concentrations ...
http://healthbenefitsofvitamins.blogspot.com/2011/12/vitamin-k-and-bone-mineral-density.html
Possible Interactions with: Vitamin K | University of Maryland Medical CenterPossible Interactions with: Vitamin K | University of Maryland Medical Center
Phenytoin (Dilantin) -- Phenytoin interferes with the bodys ability to use vitamin K. Taking anticonvulsants (such as phenytoin) during pregnancy or while breastfeeding may deplete vitamin K in newborns.. Warfarin (Coumadin) -- Vitamin K reduces the effects of the blood-thinning medication warfarin, rendering the medication ineffective. Vitamin K should not be taken while taking warfarin, and foods containing high amounts of vitamin K should be avoided.. Orlistat (Xenical, alli) and Olestra -- Orlistat, a medication used for weight loss, and olestra, a substance added to certain food products, prevent the absorption of fat and can reduce the bodys absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. The Food and Drug Administration now requires that vitamin K and other fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, and E) be added to food products containing olestra. In addition, physicians who prescribe orlistat add a multivitamin with fat soluble vitamins to the regimen.. The fact that vitamin K is now added to ...
https://www.umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/supplement-interaction/possible-interactions-with-vitamin-k
Vitamin K2 - A Crucial Ingredient for Heart and Bone Health | Body Charge NutritionVitamin K2 - A Crucial Ingredient for Heart and Bone Health | Body Charge Nutrition
As for a clinically useful dosage of vitamin K2, some studies - including the Rotterdam study37 - have shown as little as 45 mcg per day is sufficient. As a general guideline, I recommend getting around 150 mcg of vitamin K2 per day. Others recommend slightly higher amounts; upward of 180 to 200 mcg. You can obtain healthy amounts of K2 by eating 15 grams (half an ounce) of natto each day, or fermented vegetables. If you fermented them using a starter culture designed with vitamin K2-producing bacteria, 1 ounce will give you about 200 to 250 mcgs. If you are taking an oral vitamin D3 supplement, you may also need more vitamin K2, in order to maintain a healthy ratio. While the ideal or optimal ratios between vitamin D and vitamin K2 have yet to be elucidated, Rheaume-Bleue (see featured video) suggests taking 100 mcg of vitamin K2 for every 1,000 IUs of vitamin D you take. If you opt for a vitamin K2 supplement, make sure its MK-7. Also remember to take it with fat since its fat-soluble and ...
https://bodychargenutrition.com/vitamin-k2-a-crucial-ingredient-for-heart-and-bone-health/
Body mass index and insulin resistance in healthy adults: Associations with plasma osteocalcin, phylloquinone levels, and...Body mass index and insulin resistance in healthy adults: Associations with plasma osteocalcin, phylloquinone levels, and...
The skeletal system is considered an endocrine organ today. Associations between bone Gla proteins, body mass index and insulin resistance are intriguing novel field due to being possible explanations for the interactions between bone and endocrine system. The aim of the present study was to investigate the associations between insulin resistance and body mass index (BMI) with plasma osteocalcin, phylloquinone levels and dietary vitamin K intakes in healthy non-obese adults. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 77 healthy non-obese adults. Anthropometric measurements and 24-hour food consumption record were taken from each individual. Blood glucose, insulin, osteocalcin (OC), undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC), vitamin K levels were analyzed. The homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) value was calculated. Multiple linear regression models were performed using the backward method in order to determine the significant predictors of BMI and HOMA-IR. Mean age and ...
https://www.mattioli1885journals.com/index.php/progressinnutrition/article/view/8186
A Measure of the Amount of Vitamin K Leached Out from Cooked Greens in by Douglas Anderson, Kara Bobka et al.A Measure of the Amount of Vitamin K Leached Out from Cooked Greens in by Douglas Anderson, Kara Bobka et al.
Vitamin K, a fat-soluble vitamin synthesized by plants, is found in large quantities within green leafy vegetables, such as collard, mustard, turnip and spinach. These greens are commonly cooked with fat to enhance flavor. The vitamin K in these greens can leach out during cooking into the liquid portion of the pot, which is referred to as potlicker. Vitamin K activates clotting factors (II, VII, IX, and X,), which can lead to the formation of a thromboembolism (blood clot). People at a higher risk of forming blood clots are often prescribed warfarin, an anti-coagulant that acts as a competitive inhibitor of vitamin K. Due to its content of vitamin K, the consumption of potlicker can potentially cause interactions on the anti-coagulant drug warfarin, and thereby counteract the drugs effect. This study seeks to determine if the amount of vitamin K leached from cooked greens into potlicker is dependent upon the amount of fat in the cooking solution and if the amount of vitamin K leached depends upon the
https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/pharmacy_nursing_poster_session/63/
Skipping The Vitamin K Shot After Birth - All About Babys WorldSkipping The Vitamin K Shot After Birth - All About Babys World
Once your baby is born the doctors and nurses will want to give your newborn a shot of vitamin K. This is done to prevent Hemorrhagic Disease of the Newborn. This effects the bloods ability to clot and can lead to internal bleeding. While this is a rare disease with only 0.25 percent to 1.7 percent of infants being effected, the standard protocol is to inject every newborn baby with vitamin K.. The vitamin K shot contains 20,000 times the needed dose for an infant. Why are we injecting a newborn with 20,000 times the amount they need?! This seems insane to me! While the vitamin K injection is helpful in certain circumstances, it is not needed for every. single. newborn. When my first baby was born, via c section, we initially declined the vitamin K shot. She did have bruising around her umbilical cord and because of this we decided to give her the vitamin K shot when she was a day old. In case there was internal bleeding, the vitamin K shot would help her blood to clot. Our second child had no ...
http://allaboutbabysworld.com/skipping-the-vitamin-k-shot-after-birth/
Vitamin K2 - WikipediaVitamin K2 - Wikipedia
Vitamin K2 or menaquinone (/ˌmɛnəˈkwɪnoʊn/) has nine related compounds, generally subdivided into the short-chain menaquinones (with MK-4 as the most important member) and the long-chain menaquinones, of which MK-7, MK-8 and MK-9 are nutritionally the most recognized. Vitamin K2, the main storage form in animals, has several subtypes, which differ in isoprenoid chain length. These vitamin K2 homologues are called menaquinones, and are characterized by the number of isoprenoid residues in their side chains. Menaquinones are abbreviated MK-n, where M stands for menaquinone, the K stands for vitamin K, and the n represents the number of isoprenoid side chain residues. For example, menaquinone-4 (abbreviated MK-4) has four isoprene residues in its side chain. Menaquinone-4 (also known as menatetrenone from its four isoprene residues) is the most common type of vitamin K2 in animal products since MK-4 is normally synthesized from vitamin K1 in certain animal tissues (arterial walls, pancreas, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_K2
Low vitamin K linked to heart disease deaths: Dutch dataLow vitamin K linked to heart disease deaths: Dutch data
Vitamin K (specifically the MK-7 form of vitamin K2) is a critical co-factor for converting inactive uc-MGP into its active form, which inhibits calcification of arteries and other soft tissues, the researchers explained.. The recognition of functional vitamin K insufficiency in relation to calcification and resultant CV disease has been held back by a lack of distinction by many Western health authorities between vitamin K1 and K2, suggest the researchers. Thus, at public health level, insufficient recognition may be given to the increasing body of evidence for bone and heart health benefits of K2. Additionally, recommended vitamin K intake is often based purely on K1 and therefore may be sub-optimal for other functions such as bone health and prevention of calcification, they explain.. In the UK, NHS Choices​ makes no distinction between the two forms of vitamin K (let alone K2 subtypes), but describes blood clotting as the vitamins primary function. (Coagulation properties are widely ...
https://www.nutraingredients-usa.com/Article/2017/12/15/Low-vitamin-K-linked-to-heart-disease-deaths-Dutch-data
Vitamin K - Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebasVitamin K - Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas
Peneliti di Tufts menemukan bahwa vitamin K, khususnya K1, dapat mengurangi risiko resistensi insulin sehingga membantu melawan diabetes.[4] Penemuan ini diterbitkan dalam Diabetes Care.[4] Selain itu, vitamin ini juga membantu metabolisme di dalam tubuh terkait dengan resistensi senyawa insulin.[4] Di dalam tubuh, vitamin K juga dapat menekan proses pendarahan di hati yang seringkali muncul akibat pemakaian senyawa aspirin atau antibiotik secara berlebihan.[5] Melalui mekanisme yang sama, vitamin K dapat memperlambat proses pembentukan sel kanker di hati dan paru-paru.[5] Penelitian lain juga membuktikan bahwa selain diabetes, vitamin K juga dapat meningkatkan kepadatan tulang sehingga terbentuk struktur rangka tubuh yang kuat.[6] Khususnya pada wanita, vitamin K juga dapat menurunkan risiko terkena osteoporosis.[7] Di dalam tulang, vitamin K ini akan membantu senyawa osteokalsin yang berperan dalam penyerapan mineral untuk membentuk stuktur tulang yang kuat.[7] Osteoklasin sendiri diproduksi ...
https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_K
VITAMIN K2 liquid - IHBStoreVITAMIN K2 liquid - IHBStore
Concentrated vitamin K2 in a convenient liquid form Product Information Vitamin K2 exerts a more powerful influence on bone than does vitamin K1.* Vitamin K2 is a series of molecules known as menaquinones. The most common and well studied of the menaquinones is MK-4. Thornes vitamin K2 is MK-4.Vitamin K2 appears to of
https://ihbstore.myshopify.com/collections/nutritional-supplement-2/products/vitamin-k2
The Roles of Vitamin K in the Body: Forming Blood Clots, Building BoneThe Roles of Vitamin K in the Body: Forming Blood Clots, Building Bone
Aids blood clot formation - Vitamin Ks name provides us with a clue as to its main biological function: The K in vitamin K is derived from the German word koagulation, from which we get the world coagulation. Yes, vitamin K is a compound that helps at least 12 proteins in our blood to coagulate by binding themselves to calcium ions, an extremely complex process that helps prevent excessive bleeding when our skin gets damaged. Consequently, having enough vitamin K in our systems can guard us from a host of conditions associated with thin blood such as nosebleeds, easy bruising, heavy menstrual bleeding, blood in the stools or urine, and bleeding gums. Moreover, vitamin K also plays a role in preventing blood clotting when it is inappropriate or dangerous, such as the clotting of blood inside arteries - a leading cause of coronary heart disease.. Maintains bone health - Vitamin K helps to activate osteocalcin, a protein that is needed for the mineralization of bone (a process whereby ...
http://spiritfoods.net/roles-of-vitamin-k-in-the-body/
Vitamin K protects bones and lowers risk for heart disease - Nutrition Express ArticlesVitamin K protects bones and lowers risk for heart disease - Nutrition Express Articles
Vitamin K reduced bone fractures, protected bone health and lowered risk for heart disease, in three new studies. In a review of bone-fracture studies published between 1945 and 2005, researchers reporting in the Archives of Internal Medicine identified seven randomized controlled trials where participants had taken vitamin K2 supplements for more than six months. Researchers combined the data and found that compared to placebo, those who had taken vitamin K2 were 60% less likely to fracture the spine, 77% less likely to fracture the hip and 81% less likely to have any type of non-spinal fracture. The scientists also noted that all but one of 13 vitamin K clinical trials, including the seven fracture studies, found that those who had taken vitamins K1 and K2 had less bone loss compared to placebo.. As blood-plasma levels of vitamin K1 decreased, the spaces between joints decreased. In an osteoarthritis study, researchers analyzed 314 men and 358 women with an average age of 65.6, who were in ...
https://www.nutritionexpress.com/article+index/health+conditions/arthritis/showarticle.aspx?articleid=911
Vitamin K and Flavonoids Found in Fresh Grapes are Essential - American Vineyard MagazineVitamin K and Flavonoids Found in Fresh Grapes are Essential - American Vineyard Magazine
A recent study published in the scientific journal Clinical Infectious Diseases found that a lack of adequate vitamin K levels was associated with poor outcomes in COVID-19 patients. The researchers identified an increased need for vitamin K during a COVID-19 illness and noted that depletion or deficiency of vitamin K can have devastating consequences in the lungs.. Vitamin K, a nutrient found in abundance in fresh grapes, plays a critical role in blood clotting including maintaining the balance of both pro- and anti-clotting factors. Low levels of vitamin K may upset this balance resulting in a greater tendency for blood to form clots. While COVID-19 is known first as a respiratory infection, higher instances of blood clots have been observed and worsen patient outcomes. Vitamin K is also involved in inhibiting soft tissue calcification and elastic fiber degradation. Coronary calcification is linked to a higher risk of blood clots, and elastic fiber degradation can harm the integrity of lung ...
https://americanvineyardmagazine.com/vitamin-k-and-flavonoids-found-in-fresh-grapes-are-essential/
China Factory Direct Selling Vitamin K1 1% with ISO - China Vitamin K1 Powder 1%, Vitamin K1 Powder 1% for FeedChina Factory Direct Selling Vitamin K1 1% with ISO - China Vitamin K1 Powder 1%, Vitamin K1 Powder 1% for Feed
China Factory Direct Selling Vitamin K1 1% with ISO, Find details about China Vitamin K1 Powder 1%, Vitamin K1 Powder 1% for Feed from Factory Direct Selling Vitamin K1 1% with ISO - Shandong Chuangji Imp. and Exp. Co., Ltd.
http://sdchuangji.en.made-in-china.com/product/LsHQzWCMYJhx/China-Factory-Direct-Selling-Vitamin-K1-1-with-ISO.html
The effect of acute exercise on undercarboxylated osteocalcin in obese men | SpringerLinkThe effect of acute exercise on undercarboxylated osteocalcin in obese men | SpringerLink
The purpose of this study was to examine if the reduction in glucose post-exercise is mediated by undercarboxylated osteocalcin (unOC). Obese men were randomly assigned to do aerobic or power exercise
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00198-010-1370-7
Vitamin K2 & CoQ10: Important Heart Health Nutrients - K2 VitaminVitamin K2 & CoQ10: Important Heart Health Nutrients - K2 Vitamin
Affect on Heart Health: The body produces Matrix Gla Protein (MGP), a K-dependent protein that is the most potent natural inhibitor of calcification known today.1 But in order to perform this function, MGP needs to be activated. When the body has adequate Vitamin K2 (specifically as menaquinone-7, or MK-7, as it is the most biologically active and available form of Vitamin K2), MGP repels calcium from depositing in the arteries and blood vessels, returning it to the bloodstream so it can be utilized by other systems, such as building strong, dense bones.. A 3-year study (using a specific brand of Vitamin K2 as MK-7) on 244 healthy postmenopausal women provided a breakthrough demonstration of Vitamin K2s affect to heart health. The group was randomly assigned to take a nutritional dose (180 mcg) of Vitamin K2 as MK-7 daily for 3 years, or placebo capsules. After three years of treatment, the Stiffness Index ß in the MK-7 group had decreased significantly after compared to the slight increase in ...
http://vitamink2.org/?benefit=vitamin-k2-coq10-important-heart-health-nutrients
Antidotes in Depth (A16): Vitamin K1 | Goldfranks Toxicologic Emergencies, 9e | AccessEmergency Medicine | McGraw-Hill MedicalAntidotes in Depth (A16): Vitamin K1 | Goldfranks Toxicologic Emergencies, 9e | AccessEmergency Medicine | McGraw-Hill Medical
phylloquinone for adults, although 10 times that amount is required for infants to maintain normal hemostasis.29 Extrahepatic enzymatic reactions that are vitamin K dependent relate to carboxylation of proteins in the bone, kidney, placenta, lung, pancreas, and spleen, and include the synthesis of osteocalcin, matrix Gla protein, plaque Gla protein, and one or more renal Gla proteins.29,30,34 Variations in an individuals dietary vitamin K intake while receiving therapeutic oral anticoagulation can significantly result in either over- or under-anticoagulation.1,13 ...
https://accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=454§ionid=40199452
DC Practice Blog: Vitamin K in Bone HealthDC Practice Blog: Vitamin K in Bone Health
Giving vitamin K1 at 200 ug and 5000 ug per day appeared to have a positive effect on bone (1,2). Subjects treated with 200 ug showed a continuous significant increase in BMD over 6 months at the ultradistal radius. Fracture incidence was lower with a 5000 ug vitamin K1 treatment despite no effect on bone density. Vitamin Ks effect may have been on bone microarchitecture. However, since very few subjects had fractures, the observed difference in fracture rate may have occurred by chance. In a third study (3) where vitamin D status was not assessed, 1000 ug of vitamin K1 had no effect on BMD. Finally in a fourth study (4), 500 ug vitamin K1 had no effect on BMD. Larger trials including a range of K1 doses. with fracture as an endpoint and side effect monitoring, are needed ...
http://www.practiceblog.dietitians.ca/2010/04/vitamin-k-in-bone-health.html?showComment=1542128933658
DC Practice Blog: Vitamin K in Bone HealthDC Practice Blog: Vitamin K in Bone Health
Giving vitamin K1 at 200 ug and 5000 ug per day appeared to have a positive effect on bone (1,2). Subjects treated with 200 ug showed a continuous significant increase in BMD over 6 months at the ultradistal radius. Fracture incidence was lower with a 5000 ug vitamin K1 treatment despite no effect on bone density. Vitamin Ks effect may have been on bone microarchitecture. However, since very few subjects had fractures, the observed difference in fracture rate may have occurred by chance. In a third study (3) where vitamin D status was not assessed, 1000 ug of vitamin K1 had no effect on BMD. Finally in a fourth study (4), 500 ug vitamin K1 had no effect on BMD. Larger trials including a range of K1 doses. with fracture as an endpoint and side effect monitoring, are needed ...
http://www.practiceblog.dietitians.ca/2010/04/vitamin-k-in-bone-health.html?showComment=1531293487570
The Relationship between Serum Osteocalcin Concentration and Glucose Metabolism in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes MellitusThe Relationship between Serum Osteocalcin Concentration and Glucose Metabolism in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
To study the correlations between serum osteocalcin and glucose metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes, 66 cases were collected to determine total osteocalcin, undercarboxylated osteocalcin, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, and HbA1c. Osteocalcin concentrations were compared between groups of different levels of HbA1c, and parameters of glucose metabolism were compared between groups of different levels of total osteocalcin and undercarboxylated osteocalcin. The relationship between osteocalcin and parameters of glucose metabolism was also analyzed. We found that the total osteocalcin concentration of high-HbA1c group was significantly lower than that of low-HbA1c group. The fasting blood glucose of low-total-osteocalcin group was significantly higher than that of high-total-osteocalcin group in male participants, while the fasting blood glucose of low-undercarboxylated-osteocalcin group was significantly higher than that of high-undercarboxylated-osteocalcin group in all participants and in
https://new.hindawi.com/journals/ije/2013/842598/
Letter by Lai and Chan Regarding Article, Bleeding Risk in Very Old Patients on Vitamin K Antagonist Treatment: Results of a...Letter by Lai and Chan Regarding Article, Bleeding Risk in Very Old Patients on Vitamin K Antagonist Treatment: Results of a...
To the Editor:. We read with interest the article by Poli et al1 regarding their recent study, from which the authors concluded that the observed rate of major bleeding in patients who began vitamin K antagonist at ≥80 years of age was acceptably low and that age in itself should not be considered a contraindication to vitamin K antagonist treatment. The authors modeled hemorrhagic risk using a competing-risk regression analysis, according to Fine and Gray,2 and considered nonhemorrhagic death as a competing risk. The authors also pointed out that the rate of bleeding incidents was higher among patients taking vitamin K antagonist for venous thromboembolism than among those taking vitamin K antagonist for atrial fibrillation (hazard ratio 1.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-1.8). However, as revealed by the only Figure in the article, the 2 cumulative incidence curves interlaced for most of the follow-up period but diverged after about 4000 days of follow-up. In our opinion, it seems likely that ...
http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/125/11/e493
Health and Fitness Den: Function and Benefits of Vitamin KHealth and Fitness Den: Function and Benefits of Vitamin K
Function and health benefits of Vitamin K explained, including K1 and K2. Vitamin K helps with coagulation of blood and more. See natural sources of Vitamin K and Vitamin K deficiencies. Buy Vitamin K capsules at discounted low price.
https://healthandfitnessden.blogspot.com/2014/03/function-and-benefits-of-vitamin-k.html
Vitamin K Help - BabyCenterVitamin K Help - BabyCenter
Im 37 weeks with DS2 and Im getting a little nervous about the vitamin k shot. I will be delivering with a midwife team in a hospital setting, and when I told them that we had already purchased Vitamin K drops for the newborn, they stated that the pediatricians at the hospital would prefer that we use the vitamin k drops out of their pharmacy. They said that the vitamin k drops from the hospital are exactly the same as the injection, too, which I find hard to believe. What do you think? I read somewhere a while ago that there are egg ingredients and another ingredient that may be linked to peanut allergies in the vitamin k shot. However, I cant find this information on a package insert online. Does this sound familiar to anyone else? Ive been wondering if perhaps this is why DS1 is allergic to these things. Id love any advice and information you guys have. Thanks so much for always be supportive!
https://community.babycenter.com/post/a64959880/vitamin-k-help
High Vitamin K2 Intake Reduces the Incidence of Heart Disease - Natural Care SolutionHigh Vitamin K2 Intake Reduces the Incidence of Heart Disease - Natural Care Solution
A study group of 16,057 heart disease free women were followed for approximately 8 years. At the end of the study 480 women had coronary heart disease.. Researchers found higher dietary vitamin K2 intake reduced the risk of coronary heart disease. Each 10 mcg/day of vitamin K2 decreased the risk of CHD by 9%. Vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) intake was not associated with CHD ...
http://www.naturalcaresolution.com/High-Vitamin-K2-Intake-Reduces-the-Incidence-of-Heart-Disease.html
Vitamin K | University of Maryland Medical CenterVitamin K | University of Maryland Medical Center
Booth SL, Al Rajabi A. Determinants of vitamin K status in humans. Vitam Horm. 2008;78:1-22.. Borrelli F, Ernst E. Alternative and complementary therapies for the menopause. Maturitas. 2010 Aug;66(4):333-43. Review.. Breen GA, St. Peter WL. Hypoprothrombinemia associated with cefmetazole. Ann Pharmacother. 1997;31(2):180-184.. Bugel S. Vitamin K and bone health in adult humans. Vitam Horm. 2008;78:393-416.. Crowther MA, Julian J, McCarty D, et al. Treatment of warfarin-associated coagulopathy with oral vitamin K: a randomized controlled trial. Lancet. 2000;356(9241):1551-1553.. Dennehy C, Tsourounis C. A review of select vitamins and minerals used by postmenopausal women. Maturitas. 2010 Aug;66(4):370-80. Review.. Goldman L, Ausiello D. Cecil Medicine, 23rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier. 2007;181.. Kitchin B, Morgan SL. Not just calcium and vitamin D: other nutritional considerations in osteoporosis. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2007 Apr;9(1):85-92. Review.. McCormick RK. Osteoporosis: ...
https://www.umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/supplement/vitamin-k
Vitamin K2, but not K1, effective for heart health benefits: StudyVitamin K2, but not K1, effective for heart health benefits: Study
Dietary intakes were assessed using food frequency questions (FFQs), and participants were followed for over eight years. At the end of the study, the researchers observed an association between a higher consumption of natural vitamin K2, particularly menaquinone-7, -8, and -9 and a significantly reduced prevalence of CHD.. Consumption of vitamin K1 had no effect on vascular health, said the researchers.. The reason behind the different effects of K1 and K2 may be due to the different distribution of each in the body, said the researchers. K1 is primarily taken-up by the liver and then cleared from circulation, while K2 is the major form of vitamin K transported also to extra-hepatic tissues, such as vessel wall and bones-tissue.. Of the subtypes of vitamin K2, it appeared that particularly MK-7, MK-8 and MK-9 affected the risk of CHD, ​said the researchers. A stronger effect of the longer subtypes could be due to a slower hepatic clearance of these subtypes, making them longer available ...
https://www.nutraingredients-usa.com/Article/2009/02/12/Vitamin-K2-but-not-K1-effective-for-heart-health-benefits-Study
MK-7 Vitamin K2 90 mcg 60 Softgels | Vitamin K Supplements Supplements | Puritans PrideMK-7 Vitamin K2 90 mcg 60 Softgels | Vitamin K Supplements Supplements | Puritans Pride
Buy MK-7 Vitamin K2 90 mcg 60 Softgels & other Vitamin K Supplements Supplements. MK-7 is made via fermentation by Bacillus subtilus natto. MK-7 (Menaquinone-7) is an enhanced bioactive form of vitamin K2 from Natto.
https://www.puritan.com/jarrow-brand-0056/mk-7-vitamin-k2-90-mcg-022011
Jack Norris RD» Blog Archive » Vitamin K2 and DiabetesJack Norris RD» Blog Archive » Vitamin K2 and Diabetes
In doing my final search for studies on vitamin K2 and cardiovascular disease (CVD), I came across one on type 2 diabetes (1). Since diabetes can be fairly related to CVD, I decided to review it.. As with most of the studies on vitamin K2, the population was from The Netherlands. And just like the research on stroke, it was using the combined data from the Prospect and MORGEN arms of EPIC. After excluding people with prevalent diabetes at baseline, they had a study population of 38,094 men and women. The average daily intake of vitamin K2 was 49 µg in the highest one-fourth versus 15 µg in the lowest one-fourth.. After a median follow-up of 10.3 years, and adjusting for many variables (2), in comparing the highest intakes to the lowest, there was a trend towards a lower risk of diabetes, although the finding was not statistically significant (.80, .62-1.02). When looking at what effect an increase of 10 µg had on the risk of diabetes over the entire range of intakes, there was a borderline ...
http://jacknorrisrd.com/vitamin-k2-and-diabetes/
Vitamin K2 Intervention in Patients With Vitamin K Antagonists - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govVitamin K2 Intervention in Patients With Vitamin K Antagonists - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
The objective of the SAFE K study is to demonstrate that in patients treated with the antagonists of vitamin K (VKA), a daily intake of vitamin K2 (75 micrograms/day) as naturally produced by the ferments used in fermented dairy products, does not upset the balance of anticoagulant treatment.Fifty-two patients will be chosen to receive either verum or placebo for four months after a 4-month run-in period.In addition, the study evaluates if regular consumption of vitamin K2 reduce the need of changing the dose of anticoagulation treatment and improve the markers of bone mineralisation ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01533441?recr=Open&intr=%22Vitamin+K%22&rank=2
Vitamin K2Vitamin K2
Vitamin K2: Putting Calcium Where It Belongs Vitamin K2 provides major protection from osteoporosis, cardiovascular blockages and pathological calcification. Vitamin Ks job is to put calcium in the right places and keep it from being deposited in the wrong places. The right places are bones and blood, and the wrong places include calcification of the vessels, bone spurs and calcification of soft tissues. Vitamin K: Its Relationship to the Optimal Tissue Distribution and Function of Calcium It has been shown that calcium has a ubiquitous role in health, impacting on essentially all the Syndrome X conditions and diseases, which include obesity, blood pressure disorders, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and malfunctioning of cell signaling. Calcification of the arteries is a major known consequence of aging, as is the calcification of soft tissues and the accumulation of calcium intracellularly (within the cells). Optimum calcium nutrition depends on the interplay of a number of related ...
http://www.springboard4health.com/notebook/v_k2.html
Are tomatoes high in vitamin k - Things You Didnt KnowAre tomatoes high in vitamin k - Things You Didnt Know
Are tomatoes high in vitamin k - What foods are high in vitamin k? Green Leafy Vegetables. The best way to get the daily requirement of vitamin K is by eating food sources. Vitamin K is found in the Green leafy vegetables, such as kale, spinach, turnip greens, collards, Swiss chard, mustard greens, parsley, romaine, and green leaf lettuce Vegetables such as Brussels sprouts, broccoli, cauliflower, and cabbage Fish, liver, meat, eggs, and cereals (contain smaller amounts)
https://www.healthtap.com/topics/are-tomatoes-high-in-vitamin-k
Labor of Love Doula Services and Childbirth Education: Deciding about Giving Vitamin K to Your Newborn?Labor of Love Doula Services and Childbirth Education: Deciding about Giving Vitamin K to Your Newborn?
This is a topic most parents dont even know they should be making a decision about. Instead it simply happens as part of the routine procedures birthing moms and their newborns are subjected to within a hospital setting. Over the years some of my clients have opted out of doing Vitamin K in any form. When I first became involved in the birth community the home birth midwives were not giving Vitamin K at all. Now most of these same midwives have begun giving oral Vitamin K. Conversely to ask that your newborn not receive Vitamin K injection within the first moments of life created quite a stir in our local hospitals when I started going to births. It had to be OKd by the pediatrician with the parents signing an against medical advice form. These days our local nurses feel comfortable with delaying the injection for close to 2 hours and will not try too hard to dissuade you if you are refusing it out right. You need to talk this over thoroughly with your midwife or OB and pediatrician ahead of ...
http://slolaboroflovedoula.blogspot.com/2010/03/deciding-about-giving-vitamin-k-to-your.html
Vitamin K2 Capsules: Buy Vitamin K2 200 mcg - VitaminExpressVitamin K2 Capsules: Buy Vitamin K2 200 mcg - VitaminExpress
Buy Vitamin K2 200 mcg Vitamin K2 Capsules from VitaminExpress and save. Guaranteed Quality. Fast Delivery. More info about Vitamin K2 200 mcg.
https://www.vitaminexpress.org/en/vitamin-k2-200-mcg-vitamin-k2-capsules
OsteoPrime® PLUS / 120 tabs - Natures Way®.OsteoPrime® PLUS / 120 tabs - Natures Way®.
OsteoPrime® Plus contains MenaQ7™, an exclusive, patented, highly bioavailable form of Vitamin K2. Research has shown that it enhances calcium absorption and bone building function.* In fact, one study compared the bioavailability and absorption rates between vitamin K2 and vitamin K1. For six weeks participants received either vitamin K1 or vitamin K2 (as menaquinon-7). Researchers then compared the levels of blood levels of vitamin K in both groups. They found that the participants who took natural vitamin K2 had much higher blood levels of vitamin K compared those receiving vitamin K1.* OsteoPrime® Plus provides a balanced combination of important nutrients to support arterial health and maintain healthy bones ...
https://www.naturesway.com/Product-Catalog/OsteoPrime-PLUS-120-tabs
Inactive Matrix Gla Protein, Arterial Stiffness, and Endothelial Function in African American Hemodialysis Patients<...Inactive Matrix Gla Protein, Arterial Stiffness, and Endothelial Function in African American Hemodialysis Patients<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Inactive Matrix Gla Protein, Arterial Stiffness, and Endothelial Function in African American Hemodialysis Patients. AU - Fain, Mary Ellen. AU - Kapuku, Gaston K.. AU - Paulson, William D.. AU - Williams, Celestine F.. AU - Raed, Anas. AU - Dong, Yanbin. AU - Knapen, Marjo H.J.. AU - Vermeer, Cees. AU - Pollock, Norman K.. PY - 2018/5/7. Y1 - 2018/5/7. N2 - BACKGROUND: Matrix Gla protein (MGP) is a vascular calcification inhibitor dependent upon vitamin K for activation. Evidence suggests that elevated plasma inactive MGP levels (desphospho-uncarboxylated MGP, dp-ucMGP; indicating poorer vascular vitamin K status) are associated with greater cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Despite African Americans experiencing highest rates of kidney failure and CVD events, relationships between dp-ucMGP and CVD risk markers have not been examined in this population. We investigated vascular vitamin K status (via plasma dp-ucMGP) between African American hemodialysis (HD) patients and healthy ...
https://augusta.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/inactive-matrix-gla-protein-arterial-stiffness-and-endothelial-fu-3
Sequence Variation in Vitamin K Epoxide Reductase Gene Is Associated With Survival and Progressive Coronary Calcification in...Sequence Variation in Vitamin K Epoxide Reductase Gene Is Associated With Survival and Progressive Coronary Calcification in...
Approach and Results-This study is an observational, prospective study of 167 individuals with stages 3 to 5 chronic kidney disease. Survival ≤4 years was assessed in all participants, and CAC progression was measured in a subset of 86 patients. Participants with the CG/GG genotype of VKORC1 had higher baseline CAC scores (median score, 112 versus 299; P=0.036). Of those 86 patients who had a 4-year CAC score, those with the CG/GG genotype had an increased risk of progressive CAC (adjusted for age, diabetes mellitus, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and hypertension) compared with those with the CC genotype. Four-year mortality risk was 4 times higher for individuals with the CG/GG genotypes compared with individuals with the CC genotype (odds ratio, 3.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-12.5; P=0.02), adjusted for age, sex, diabetes mellitus, estimated glomerular filtration rate, baseline CAC, and hypertension.. ...
http://atvb.ahajournals.org/content/34/7/1591.short?rss=1
Plus itPlus it
The major finding of this study was that daily supplementation with 500 μg of phylloquinone for 36 months had a protective effect on progression of insulin resistance in older men.. In an animal study, rats fed a low vitamin K diet had impaired early insulin response and subsequent increased insulin secretion after intravenous administration of glucose (1). Higher vitamin K intake was cross-sectionally associated with reduced insulin resistance in both men and women in the Framingham Offspring cohort (3). A metabolic study of young men showed a significant association between vitamin K and post-glucose challenge measures, but not fasting measures (2). In our study, a beneficial effect of vitamin K supplementation for 36 months was observed using fasting measures of insulin resistance. The effect of this intervention on post-glucose challenge measures of insulin resistance was not tested in our study.. Recent studies proposed that the uncarboxylated form of osteocalcin, a vitamin K-dependent ...
http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/31/11/2092
Vitamin K status in chronic kidney disease: a report of a study and a mini-review | SpringerLinkVitamin K status in chronic kidney disease: a report of a study and a mini-review | SpringerLink
Hepatic vitamin K-dependent proteins (e.g., Factors II, VII, IX and X) form part of the clotting cascade. Factor II (FII)/Prothrombin incorporates 10 Glu r
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11255-012-0367-x
New Chapter Calcium Supplement - Bone Strength Whole Food Calcium with Vitamin K2 + D3 + Magnesium, Vegetarian, Gluten Free 180...New Chapter Calcium Supplement - Bone Strength Whole Food Calcium with Vitamin K2 + D3 + Magnesium, Vegetarian, Gluten Free 180...
Did you know both men and women start losing bone density at age 30? Sustainably harvested plant calcium promotes bone density and protects against bone loss. Bone Strength Take Care is formulated for optimal absorption with Vitamins K2 & D3. Why are added vitamins so crucial for your calcium? Vitamin K2 helps guide the calcium to your bones (where you need it most), and Vitamin D3 helps your body absorb calcium properly. Here at New Chapter, we sustainably source the highest quality ingredients and craft with you and our planet in mind. We do all this, so you can do you! Thats wellness, well done. *These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. †Adequate calcium throughout life, as part of a well-balanced diet, may reduce the risk of osteoporosis.. COMPLETE PLANT CALCIUM: Expertly formulated with Vitamin D3 for better absorption, Vitamin K2 to direct calcium to bones (where you need ...
https://health-wellness-center.com/new-chapter-calcium-supplement-bone-strength-whole-food-calcium-with-vitamin-k2-d3-magnesium-vegetarian-gluten-free-180-count-2-month-supply/
Health benefits of the unrecognized vitamin K2 | Diet & Nutrition TipsHealth benefits of the unrecognized vitamin K2 | Diet & Nutrition Tips
If you are supplementing with high doses of calcium as well as vitamin D - without vitamin K2- - you go to danger for calcium-related osteoporosis and arthrosclerosis.. In her book Vitamin K2 and the Calcium Paradox, Dr. Kate Rhéaume-Bleue, a naturopathic medical professional and Canadian radio as well as television health specialist, explains this phenomenon called the calcium mystery: a mysterious concurrent calcium shortage (in the skeletal system) and calcium extra (in the arteries) that underlies 2 major health concerns of our time, weakening of bones and also heart condition. How it works: Vitamin D promotes bone health and wellness by assisting you absorb calcium. You need vitamin K2 to obtain calcium to where your body requires it as well as to stop it from being deposited in the wrong areas. K2 turns on an unique healthy protein called osteocalcin, which directs the calcium to the appropriate locations, like your bones as well as teeth. K2 likewise activates an additional protein ...
http://dietnutritionadvise.com/health-benefits-of-the-unrecognized-vitamin-k2/
taddsmama: Review Natures Life K , Bone Support, Phylloquinone, 1000 Mcg, 50 Vegetarian Capsulestaddsmama: Review Natures Life K , Bone Support, Phylloquinone, 1000 Mcg, 50 Vegetarian Capsules
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http://taddsmama.blogspot.com/2014/01/review-nature-life-k-bone-support.html
Blood thinner vitamin k : Dvt treatment guidelines 2017Blood thinner vitamin k : Dvt treatment guidelines 2017
I would advise against taking vitamins as a substitute for blood thinners.Blood Thinner Vitamin K Foods blood thinner interaction with food, blood thinners foods to avoid, blood thinning foods, list of blood thinners, natural blood thinners.Vitamin K has long been known to regulate control of blood clotting.. This and any other forms of abnormal bleeding should prompt you to seek urgent medical attention.PRADAXA is a prescription blood thinner medicine that lowers the chance of blood clots forming in your body. vitamins, and supplements you take.. Coumadin: Also known as warfarin, this medication is used to prevent strokes for those who have heart disease such as atrial fibrillation or heart valve problems and for those who suffer from blood clotting disorders.Salicylates block vitamin K to naturally thin the blood, increasing the blood circulation thus increasing the.People who have stomach ulcers might develop intestinal bleeding, which can be life-threatening.If you take Coumaden, you must ...
http://www.geolectica.com/mamy/blood-thinner-vitamin-k-507.php
Short statureShort stature
Vitamin deficiency. B vitamins. *B1 *Beriberi. *Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. *Wernicke's encephalopathy ... 118 (1): 343-8. doi:10.1542/peds.2006-0329. PMID 16818584.. *^ "Psychiatry Online Strong Inverse Association Between Height and ... 1] The median or typical adult height in developed countries (as the widely abundant statistics from these countries clearly ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_stature
Momordica charantiaMomordica charantia
Vitamin B6. 3%. 0.041 mg. Folate (B9). 13%. 51 μg. ... 1] is a tropical and subtropical vine of the family ... 96 (1-2): 49-55. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2004.08.009. PMID 15588650. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-05-27.. ... 93 (1): 123-132. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2004.03.035. PMID 15182917. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-11-18.. ... 92 (1): 73-89. doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2014.07.018. PMC 4212005. PMID 25083916.. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Momordica_charantia
CalabashCalabash
Vitamin B6. (3%). 0.038 mg. Folate (B9). (1%). 4 μg. ... The calabash, bottle gourd,[1] or white-flowered gourd,[2] ... "Baile del Guacal" [Dance of the Calabash]. La Nación (in Spanish). 1 July 2010.. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bottle_gourd
ChivesChives
Vitamin B6. 11%. 0.138 mg. Folate (B9). 26%. 105 μg. ... The bulbs are slender, conical, 2-3 cm (3⁄4-1 1⁄4 in) long and ... The scapes (or stems) are hollow and tubular, up to 50 cm (20 in) long and 2-3 mm (1⁄16-1⁄8 in) across, with a soft texture, ... 1-2 cm (1⁄2-3⁄4 in) wide, and produced in a dense inflorescence of 10-30 together; before opening, the inflorescence is ... 1⁄2 in) broad, and grow in dense clusters from the roots. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chive
Weight lossWeight loss
Malnutrition can lead to vitamin and other deficiencies and to inactivity, which in turn may pre-dispose to other problems, ... "Vitamin D supplementation and body weight status: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials". ... Though hypothesized that supplementation of vitamin D may help, studies do not support this.[11] The majority of dieters regain ... 1: CD008427. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008427.pub2. PMID 22258985.. (Retracted, see ‹See Tfd›doi:10.1002/14651858.cd008427.pub3‹ ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weight_loss
Subacute combined degeneration of spinal cordSubacute combined degeneration of spinal cord
It has been thought that if someone is deficient in vitamin B12 and folic acid, the vitamin B12 deficiency must be treated ... Therapy with vitamin B12 results in partial to full recovery where SACD has been caused by a B12 deficiency, depending on the ... A positive Babinski sign may be seen.[5] Prolonged deficiency of vitamin B12 leads to irreversible nervous system damage. HIV- ... Vitamin E deficiency, which is associated with malabsorption disorders such as cystic fibrosis and Bassen-Kornzweig syndrome,[9 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subacute_combined_degeneration_of_spinal_cord
PrunePrune
... s are a rich source of vitamin K (57% of the Daily Value, DV) and a moderate source of several B vitamin and dietary ... The use of the term for fresh fruit is obsolete except when applied to varieties grown for drying.[1] ... Prunes are 31% water, 64% carbohydrates, including 7% dietary fiber, 2% protein, and less than 1% fat (table). ... 1) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006". EFSA Journal. 10 (6): 2712. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2712.. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prune_(fruit)
Morus nigraMorus nigra
Vitamins. Quantity %DV†. Vitamin A equiv.. 0%. 1 μg. Vitamin A. 25 IU. ... Retrieved 1 August 2014.. *^ RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN 978 ... Morus nigra, called black mulberry[1] or blackberry (not to be confused with the blackberries which are various species of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morus_nigra
WheatgrassWheatgrass
... is a source of potassium, dietary fiber, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E (alpha tocopherol), vitamin K, thiamin, ... Contrary to popular[who?] belief, vitamin B12 is not contained within wheatgrass or any vegetable, as vitamin B12 is not made ... Like most plants, wheatgrass contains chlorophyll, amino acids, minerals, vitamins, and enzymes. Claims about the health ... and vitamins decline sharply.[7] Wheatgrass grown is harvested, dehydrated at a low temperature and sold in tablet and powdered ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheat_grass
OverweightOverweight
Vitamin deficiency. B vitamins. *B1: Beriberi / Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (Wernicke's encephalopathy ... doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30175-1. PMC 4995441. PMID 27423262.. *^ Peeters, A.; Barendregt, J. J.; Willekens, F.; MacKenbach, J ... doi:10.7326/0003-4819-138-1-200301070-00008. PMID 12513041.. *^ Sermondade, N.; Faure, C.; Fezeu, L.; et al. (2012). "BMI in ... 894: i-xii, 1-253. 1999. PMID 11234459.. *^ "Clinical Guidelines on the Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overweight
Canarium ovatumCanarium ovatum
Vitamins. Quantity %DV†. Vitamin A equiv.. 0%. 2 μg. Thiamine (B1). 79% ... Pili can be propagated by seed, marcotting, patch budding, cleft grafting, air layering, and inarching[1][2]. Germination by ... The trees are expected to start fruiting after 5 to 6 years from seedlings reaching economic yield in the 10th year[1][3]. ... The contents should have a white pulp, high in protein and oils with mild nutty flavor[1]. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pili_nut
HempHemp
B vitamins, and the dietary minerals manganese (362% DV), phosphorus (236% DV), magnesium (197% DV), zinc (104% DV), and iron ( ... 978-92-1-148242-3. .. *^ a b c d Mallory, JP (1997), JP Mallory; DQ Adams (eds.), Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture ( ... 978-1-58544-596-7. .. *^ a b c Dewey LH (1943). Fiber production in the western hemisphere. United States Printing Office, ... doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-497050-2.50006-1. ISBN 9780124970502. .. *^ a b USDA (1942). Hemp for Victory. Event occurs at 1:40. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemp
TangerineTangerine
... only vitamin C is in significant content (32% of the Daily Value) in a 100 gram reference serving, with all other nutrients in ... The tangerine (Citrus tangerina)[1] is a group of orange-colored citrus fruit consisting of hybrids of mandarin orange (Citrus ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangerines
TyphaTypha
Vitamins. Quantity %DV†. Vitamin A equiv.. beta-Carotene. 0%. 1 μg. 0% ... 29 (1): 7-29. doi:10.1007/bf02861252.. *^ Gore, A. B. (2007). Environmental Research at the Leading Edge. New York: Nova ... 2015: 1-9. doi:10.1155/2015/165868. ISSN 1687-9422.. *^ Dubbe, D.R.; Garver, E.G.; Pratt, D.C. (1988). "Production of cattail ( ... 978-0-292-78164-1. .. *^ Making Aquatic Weeds Useful: Some Perspectives for Developing Countries. Ottawa: National Research ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cattail
OatmealOatmeal
Some commercial packages display other ingredients, such as sugar, salt, flavorings, thickeners, vitamins or minerals, while ... ISBN 1-84183-070-4, p202 *^ Mairi Robinson, ed. (1987). The Concise Scots Dictionary. Aberdeen University Press. p. 648. ISBN ... The process of heating produces a nutty flavour in the oats.[1] These oat groats may be milled to produce fine, medium or ... Porridge made from 1-minute quick-cooking rolled oats with raisins, peanut butter, honey, and cinnamon. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oatmeal
Pine nutPine nut
... s contain thiamine (vitamin B1) and protein. Pine nut coffee, known as piñón (Spanish for pine nut), is a specialty ... doi:10.1007/s13181-009-0001-1. PMC 3550279. PMID 20049580.. *^ Ballin, Nicolai Z. (Feb 17, 2014). "A Trial Investigating the ... 25, Article 10, Sections 1 through 5 of 1978.. ,access-date=. requires ,url=. (help). ... Metallic taste disturbance, known as metallogeusia, is typically reported 1-3 days after ingestion, being worse on day two and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pine_nuts
Common figCommon fig
Vitamin A equiv.. 0%. 0 μg. Thiamine (B1). 7%. 0.085 mg. ... Slightly under-ripe figs can be kept at room temperature for 1- ... 106 (1): 153-157. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.05.061.. CS1 maint: Uses authors parameter (link) ... The biblical quote "each man under his own vine and fig tree" (1 Kings 5:5) has been used to denote peace and prosperity. It ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ficus_carica
Bamboo shootBamboo shoot
Vitamins. Quantity %DV†. Thiamine (B1). 13%. 0.15 mg. Riboflavin (B2). 6% ... Raw bamboo shoots contain cyanogenic glycosides, natural toxins also contained in cassava.[1] The toxins must be destroyed by ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bamboo_shoot
Protein-energy malnutritionProtein-energy malnutrition
Vitamin deficiency. B vitamins. *B1: Beriberi / Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (Wernicke's encephalopathy ... The general explanation of increased infectious comorbidity in malnourished people is that (1) the immune system is what ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein–energy_malnutrition
GrapeGrape
... seed oil, including tocopherols (vitamin E) and high contents of phytosterols and polyunsaturated fatty acids such as ... A 100 gram reference amount of raw grapes supplies 69 calories and a moderate amount of vitamin K (14% of the Daily Value), ... 167 (1): 34-41. doi:10.1093/aje/kwm274. PMID 17971339.. *^ De Lange, D. W.; Van De Wiel, A. (2004). "Drink to Prevent: Review ... ISBN 1-84000-972-1 *^ "Grape". Better Health Channel Victoria. October 2015. Archived from the original on 2018-01-09. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grapes
KumquatKumquat
Vitamins. Quantity %DV†. Vitamin A equiv.. lutein zeaxanthin. 2%. 15 μg. 129 μg ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrus_japonica
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndromeWernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
The vitamin thiamine also referred to as Vitamin B1, is required by three different enzymes to allow for conversion of ingested ... 978-1-124-75696-7. . OCLC 781626781.. [page needed] *^ a b c d e f Sechi, GianPietro; Serra, Alessandro (2007). "Wernicke's ... Thiamine (vitamin B1) is an essential coenzyme in carbohydrate metabolism and is also a regulator of osmotic gradient. Its ... The cause of the disorder is thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency. This can occur due to beriberi, Wernicke encephalopathy, and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wernicke-Korsakoff_syndrome
Abdominal obesityAbdominal obesity
Vitamin deficiency. B vitamins. *B1: Beriberi / Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (Wernicke's encephalopathy ... 9, No 1. Retrieved on April 9, 2012. *^ a b c Razay, G.; Vreugdenhil, A.; Wilcock, G. (2006). "Obesity, abdominal obesity and ... 295 (1): 39-49. doi:10.1001/jama.295.1.39. PMID 16391215.. *^ Michael Jensen, M.D. (2007-01-19). "Belly fat in men: What you ... ISBN 978-1-4419-7033-6.. *^ Ibrahim, Islam Ahmed Abd El-Hamid (2011). "Is the effect of high fat diet on lipid and carbohydrate ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdominal_obesity
LemonLemon
... s are a rich source of vitamin C, providing 64% of the Daily Value in a 100 g serving (table). Other essential nutrients, ... In 1747, James Lind's experiments on seamen suffering from scurvy involved adding lemon juice to their diets, though vitamin C ... ISBN 978-1-4286-4244-7. Retrieved March 2, 2012.. *^ "Complete List of Four Winds Dwarf Citrus Varieties". Fourwindsgrowers.com ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemon
LoquatLoquat
The loquat is low in saturated fat and sodium and is high in vitamin A, dietary fiber, potassium, and manganese.[29] ... The name loquat derives from lou4 gwat1, the Cantonese pronunciation of the classical Chinese: 蘆橘; pinyin: lújú, literally " ... Editor(s): Muhammad Siddiq [1] *^ "Wolfram-Alpha: Making the world's knowledge computable". Wolframalpha.com. Retrieved 19 July ... "17 (1 ed.). Acta Horticulturae Sinica: 5-12.. CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link) ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eriobotrya_japonica
Thiamine deficiencyThiamine deficiency
... a deficiency disease caused by lack of vitamin B1. For this, he prescribed combinations of herbs rich in vitamin B1 and ... Thiamine deficiency is a medical condition of low levels of thiamine (vitamin B1).[1] A severe and chronic form is known as ... Hermann, Wolfgang; Obeid, Rima (2011). Vitamins in the prevention of human diseases. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. p. 58. ISBN ... doi:10.1016/S0072-9752(08)02130-1. PMID 19892133.. *^ a b c d e f Katsura, E.; Oiso, T. (1976). Beaton, G.H.; Bengoa, J.M., eds ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beriberi
MalnutritionMalnutrition
Deformities usually a result of calcium, vitamin D, or vitamin C deficiencies. ... ISBN 978-92-806-4466-1.. *^ a b c d e f g h i Young, E.M. (2012). Food and development. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. pp. 36-38. ... Vitamin A, potassium, magnesium, and zinc should be added with other vitamins and minerals if available.[106] ... as well as more vitamins and minerals (especially iron, iodine, calcium, folic acid, and vitamins A, C, and K).[144] In 2001 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutritional_deficiencies
Lupin beanLupin bean
Lupin oils have high antioxidant capacities due in part to the presence of tocopherol (vitamin E). The total vitamin E content ... Lupins also contain moderate amounts of the carotenoids beta carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin, and tocopherols (vitamin E). ... Rock imprints of seeds and leaves, dated around 6th and 7th century BCE, are exhibited in the National Museum of Lima.[1] It ... They are the most ancient evidence of lupin in the Mediterranean.[1] ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lupin_bean
Folate deficiencyFolate deficiency
... vitamin B-12, and vitamin B-6 status". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 63 (2): 220-4. doi:10.1093/ajcn/63.2.220. ... "FB12 - Clinical: Vitamin B12 and Folate, Serum". www.mayomedicallaboratories.com.. *^ Devalia V, Hamilton MS, Molloy AM (August ... Medications that interfere with the body's ability to use folate may also increase the need for this vitamin.[5][6][7][8][9][10 ... Multi-vitamin dietary supplements contain folic acid as well as other B vitamins. Non-prescription folic acid is available as a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folate_deficiency
PeaPea
... s are starchy, but high in fiber, protein, vitamin A, vitamin B6, vitamin C, vitamin K, phosphorus, magnesium, copper, iron ... The vining cultivars grow thin tendrils from leaves that coil around any available support and can climb to be 1-2 m high. A ... The F2 plants had the dominant trait in approximately a 3:1 ratio. Mendel reasoned that each parent had a 'vote' in the ... In each of these cases, one trait is dominant and all the offspring, or Filial-1 (abbreviated F1) generation, showed the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pea
Bile acidBile acid
... emulsifying fat-soluble vitamins to enable their absorption, and aiding in motility and the reduction of the bacteria flora ... 14 (1): 5-13. doi:10.1080/01635589009514073. PMID 2195469.. *^ Ou J, DeLany JP, Zhang M, Sharma S, O'Keefe SJ (2012). " ... 286 (1): 1-8. doi:10.1056/NEJM197201062860101. PMID 5006919.. *^ Thistle JL, Hofmann AF (September 1973). "Efficacy and ... Diverse bile acids are synthesized in the liver.[1] Bile acids are conjugated with taurine or glycine residues to give anions ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bile_acids
T细胞 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书T细胞 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书
Eckle SB, Corbett AJ, Keller AN, Chen Z, Godfrey DI, Liu L, Mak JY, Fairlie DP, Rossjohn J, McCluskey J. Recognition of Vitamin ... T细胞耗竭的直接原因包括持续的抗原刺激、以及CD4细胞的缺失[42]。长时间的抗原暴露和高病毒负载可以加重T细胞耗竭的程度。2-4周的持续抗原暴露就可导致T细胞耗竭[43]。另一个可以导致T细胞耗竭的因素是包括PD-
https://zh.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/T细胞
4-Hydroxyestrone4-Hydroxyestrone
1-4377-1793-4. .. *^ Buchsbaum HJ (6 December 2012). The Menopause. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 64-65. ISBN 978-1- ... 4-Hydroxyestrone (4-OHE1), also known as estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,4-diol-17-one, is an endogenous, naturally occurring catechol ... Vitamin D: 7-Dehydrocholesterol. *Calcidiol/Calcifediol. *Calcitriol. *Cholecalciferol. *Others: 7α-Hydroxycholesterol ... 286.371 g·mol−1 Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4-Hydroxyestrone
Lipid-lowering agentLipid-lowering agent
Bile acid sequestrants may cause gastrointestinal problems and may also reduce the absorption of other drugs and vitamins from ... 1]. EstablishedEdit. *Statins (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors) are particularly well suited for lowering LDL, the cholesterol ... CETP inhibitors (cholesteryl ester transfer protein), 1 candidate is in trials. It is expected that these drugs will mainly ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid-lowering_agent
Type 2 diabetesType 2 diabetes
While low vitamin D levels are associated with an increased risk of diabetes, correcting the levels by supplementing vitamin D3 ... Vitamin D supplementation to people with type 2 diabetes may improve markers of insulin resistance and HbA1c.[119] ... 978-1-4377-0324-5. .. *^ a b c d Vos T, Allen C, Arora M, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Brown A, et al. (GBD 2015 Disease and Injury ... 978-1-4496-4660-8. . OCLC 758391750.. *^ a b c Smyth S, Heron A (January 2006). "Diabetes and obesity: the twin epidemics". ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_2_diabetes_mellitus
Alternative medicineAlternative medicine
"Biology"-based practices: Use substances found in nature such as herbs, foods, vitamins, and other natural substances. (Note ... Substance based practices use substances found in nature such as herbs, foods, non-vitamin supplements and megavitamins, animal ... 32 (1): 1-7. doi:10.1080/01459740.2012.718016. PMID 23206171.. *^ a b Carroll, R.T. (2011-05-14). "complementary medicine". The ... 2012: 1-19. doi:10.1155/2012/837939. PMC 3443820. PMID 22991573.. *^ a b Stehlin, I. (December 1996). "Homeopathy: Real ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrative_medicine
MN1 (gene)MN1 (gene)
MN1 also acts as a coactivator of the vitamin D receptor.[7] ... 2D3-regulated transcription factor MN1 stimulates vitamin D ... 32 (1): 75-85. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0078. PMID 8786123.. *. Collins JE, Wright CL, Edwards CA, et al. (2004). "A genome ... 38 (1-2): 113-25. doi:10.1677/jme.1.02110. PMID 17242174.. *. Buijs A, Sherr S, van Baal S, et al. (1995). "Translocation (12; ... 2009). "Meningioma 1 gene is differentially expressed in CD34 positive cells from bone marrow of patients with myelodysplastic ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MN1_
Henrik Dam - WikipédiaHenrik Dam - Wikipédia
A K-vitamin felfedezése[szerkesztés]. Miközben kísérleteket végzett a csirkék szterolanyagcseréjével kapcsolatosan, felfigyelt ... Dam úgy vélte, hogy a betegséget egy addig ismeretlen "véralvadási vitamin" hiánya okozta, amit a koaguláció szóból K- ... 1946-ban visszatért Dániába és folytatta kutatásait a K- és E-vitamin, koleszterin- és zsíranyagcsere témakörökben, valamint ... 1943-ban Edward Doisyval megosztva orvostudományi Nobel-díjban részesült a K-vitamin felfedezéséért. ...
https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrik_Dam
EbolaEbola
Piot concluded that Belgian nuns had inadvertently started the epidemic by giving unnecessary vitamin injections to pregnant ... 55: 1-9. doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2014.09.001. PMID 25260583.. *^ a b Smith, Tara (2005). Ebola (Deadly Diseases and Epidemics). ... 10 (1): 40-47. doi:10.3201/eid1001.030125. PMC 3322747. PMID 15078595.. *^ a b "Ebola haemorrhagic fever in Sudan, 1976" (PDF) ... doi:10.1007/s40259-013-0046-1. PMC 3833964. PMID 23813435.. *^ "Ebola 'kills over 5,000 gorillas'". BBC News Online. 8 December ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebola_virus_disease
CauliflowerCauliflower
... of vitamin C and moderate levels (10-19% DV) of several B vitamins and vitamin K (table).[20] ... 1 January 2007. p. 209. ISBN 978-81-89422-41-7.. *^ "cauliflower". WordReference.com Dictionary of English. Retrieved 4 June ... 625f, ISBN 1-4443-0514-X. *^ Vegetable Crops. New India Publishing. ... Long periods of sun exposure in hot summer weather may cause cauliflower heads to discolor with a red-purple hue.[1] ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cauliflower
AcneAcne
Topical and oral preparations of nicotinamide (the amide form of vitamin B3) are alternative medical treatments.[147] ... Retrieved 1 January 2019.. *^ a b c d e f g h i j Barbieri JS, Spaccarelli N, Margolis DJ, James WD (February 2019). " ... Brescoll J, Daveluy S (February 2015). "A review of vitamin B12 in dermatology". American Journal of Clinical Dermatology ( ... 1: 15033. doi:10.1038/nrdp.2015.33. PMID 27227877.. *^ a b "Frequently Asked Questions: Acne" (PDF). U.S. Department of Health ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acne_vulgaris
NosebleedNosebleed
Vitamin C and vitamin K deficiency. *Von Willebrand's disease. *Hemorrhagic telangiectasia (Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome), a rare ... 1]. *^ Work Table I. Deaths from each cause by 5-year age groups, race and sex: US, 1999 Page 1922. U.S. Centers for Disease ... Fresh blood and clotted blood can also flow down into the stomach and cause nausea and vomiting.[1] ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloody_nose
Neonatal conjunctivitisNeonatal conjunctivitis
Vitamin K deficiency *Haemorrhagic disease of the newborn. *HDN *ABO. *Anti-Kell ... Use of 1% tetracycline ointment or 0.5% erythromycin ointment or 1% silver nitrate solution (Crede's method) into the eyes of ... Thus, prophylaxis with a 1% silver nitrate solution is no longer in common use.[4] In most countries neomycin and ... Antibiotic ointment is typically applied to the newborn's eyes within 1 hour of birth as prevention against gonococcal ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neonatal_conjunctivitis
Betteridges law of headlinesBetteridge's law of headlines
"The Vitamin B scam. Don't trust Boots". 22 November 2007. Retrieved 12 May 2019.. ... 1 (3rd ed.). Practising Law Institute.. *. Saxena, Sunil (2006). "Question Headlines". Headline Writing. SAGE. ISBN ... 1][2] The adage fails to make sense with questions that are more open-ended than strict yes-no questions.[3] ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betteridge
Health in NepalHealth in Nepal
These include high coverage of semiannual vitamin A supplementation and deworming; CB-IMCI; high rates of full child ... iron and vitamin A deficiency. Each type of malnutrition wrecks its own particular havoc on the human body, and to make matters ... Control of Vitamin A Deficiency (VAD) e) Control of Iron Deficiency Anaemia (IDA) f) Deworming of children aged 1 to 5 years ... vitamin A and deworming campaign, and the Community-Based Management of Acute Malnutrition program. National immunization ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_in_Nepal
Oral candidiasisOral candidiasis
Some sources state that deficiencies of vitamin A or pyridoxine are also linked. There is limited evidence that a diet high in ... Malnutrition, whether by malabsorption, or poor diet, especially hematinic deficiencies (iron, vitamin B12, folic acid) can ... ISBN 978-1-4377-0416-7. CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list (link) Anil Ghom; ... ISBN 978-1-4051-6911-0. Dolin, [edited by] Gerald L. Mandell, John E. Bennett, Raphael (2010). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_candidiasis
ଜଣ୍ଡିସ୍ - ଉଇକିପିଡ଼ିଆଜଣ୍ଡିସ୍ - ଉଇକିପିଡ଼ିଆ
"Narrowband ultraviolet B irradiation increases the serum level of vitamin D3in patients with neurofibromatosis 1". The Journal ... Ferri, Fred F. (2014). Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2015: 5 Books in 1 (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 672. ISBN ...
https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/ଜଣ୍ଡିସ୍
Escherichia coli bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebasEscherichia coli bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas
E. Coli yang tidak berbahaya dapat menguntungkan manusia dengan memproduksi vitamin K2, atau dengan mencegah bakteri lain di ... 1] Toksin ini bekerja dengan cara menghilangkan satu basa adenin dari unit 28S rRNA, sehingga menghentikan sintesis protein.[1] ... Sumber bakteri ini contohnya adalah daging yang belum masak, seperti daging hamburger yang belum matang.[1] ...
https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escherichia_coli
SakeSake
... vitamins and proteins. Since higher concentration of fat and protein in the sake would lead to off-flavors and contribute rough ... Sake (Japanese: 酒, [sake]), also spelled saké (/ˈsɑːkeɪ/ SAH-kay US also /ˈsɑːki/ SAH-kee),[1][2] also referred to as Japanese ... Retrieved January 1, 2016.. *^ a b c d e f g Machida, Masayuki; Yamada, Osamu; Gomi, Katsuya (August 2008). "Genomics of ... 1. specific gravity. ,. −. 1. ). ×. 1443. {\displaystyle {\text{SMV}}=\left(\left,{\frac {1}{\text{specific gravity}}}\right,-1 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sake
Photoreceptor cellPhotoreceptor cell
... a derivative of vitamin A). The retinal exists in the 11-cis-retinal form when in the dark, and stimulation by light causes its ... Retrieved 1 May 2017.. *^ "Scientists document light-sensitive birds eye within bird brain". birdsnews.com. Birds News. ... 18 (1): R38. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2007.11.027. PMID 18177714.. *^ Berson, David M. (2007). "Phototransduction in ganglion-cell ... 1-3%) of the retinal ganglion cells located in the inner retina, that is, in front[19] of the rods and cones located in the ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoreceptor_cell
Genetically modified tomatoGenetically modified tomato
In 2000, the concentration of pro-vitamin A was increased by adding a bacterial gene encoding phytoene desaturase, although the ... ISBN 1-57003-000-6.. *^ Jeroen S. C. van Roekel, Brigitte Damm, Leo S. Melchers, and Andr Hoekema (1993). "Factors influencing ... ISBN 978-1-4277-9816-9.. *^ Meli, V.; Ghosh, S.; Prabha, T.; Chakraborty, N.; Chakraborty, S.; Datta, A. (2010). "Enhancement ... In:Translational Genomics for Crop Breeding: Volume 1", Biotic Stress, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: 241-265, doi:10.1002/ ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_tomato
Tropical ulcerTropical ulcer
Improved nutrition and vitamins. Non-adherent dressings and elevation of limbs. Large infected ulcers may require debridement ... 116 (1): 31-7. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1987.tb05788.x. PMID 3814513. Aribi M, Poirriez J, Breuillard F (June 1999). "Guess what ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_ulcer
EA-3167EA-3167
Sirćetna kiselina • Acetilkarnitin • Acetil koenzim A • Vitamin B5 (Pantetin • Pantetein • Pantenol) ... Agonisti: 77-LH-28-1 • AC-42 • AC-260,584 • Aceklidin • Acetilholin • AF30 • AF150(S) • AF267B • AFDX-384 • Alvamelin • AQRA- ... doi:10.1016/S1574-1400(08)00012-1. *↑ Possible Long-Term Health Effects of Short-Term Exposure to Chemical Agents, Volume 1 ( ... 1-(-Benzoiletil)piridinijum • 2-(α-Naftoil)etiltrimetilamonijum • 3-Hloro-4-stilbazol • 4-(1-Naftilvinil)piridin • Acetilseko ...
https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/EA-3167
Alfa-2 adrenergički receptorAlfa-2 adrenergički receptor
Ferozni Gvožđe (Fe2+) • S-Adenozil-L-Metionin • Vitamin B3 (Niacin, Nikotinamid → NADPH) • Vitamin B6 (Piridoksin, Piridoksamin ... Piridoksal → Piridoksal Fosfat) • Vitamin B9 (Folna kiselina → Tetrahidrofolna kiselina) • Vitamin C (Askorbinska kiselina) • ... Acetilholin (M1, M2, M3, M4, M5) • Dopamin (D1, D2, D3, D4, D5) • Histamin (H1, H2, H3, H4) • Melatonin (1A, 1B, 1C) • TAAR (1 ... CysLT (1, 2) • LTB4 (1, 2) • FPRL1 • OXE • Prostaglandin (DP (1, 2), EP (1, 2, 3, 4), FP) • Prostaciklin • Tromboksan ...
https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfa-2_adrenergički_receptor
LentilLentil
... vitamin B6 (42% DV), phosphorus (40% DV), iron (50% DV), and zinc (35%), among others (table).[14][15] When lentils are cooked ... 44 (4 Suppl 1): 36S-40S. PMID 9137637.. *^ Johnson, Casey R.; Thavarajah, Dil; Thavarajah, Pushparajah; Payne, Scott; Moore, ... Raw lentils are 8% water, 63% carbohydrates including 11% dietary fiber, 25% protein, and 1% fat (table). Lentils are a rich ... by boiling, protein content declines to 9% of total composition, and B vitamins and minerals decrease due to the overall water ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lentils
Connective tissueConnective tissue
Scurvy, caused by a deficiency of vitamin C which is necessary for the synthesis of collagen. ... ISBN 978-1-4160-6257-8.. *^ Mathews, M. B. (1975). Connective Tissue, Macromolecular Structure Evolution. Springer-Verlag, ... Carol Mattson Porth; Glenn Matfin (1 October 2010). Essentials of Pathophysiology: Concepts of Altered Health States. ... All connective tissue consists of three main components: fibers (elastic and collagenous fibers),[1] ground substance and cells ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibrous_connective_tissue
டோம்பரிடோன் - தமிழ் விக்கிப்பீடியாடோம்பரிடோன் - தமிழ் விக்கிப்பீடியா
Ferrous Iron (Fe2+) • Tetrahydrobiopterin • Vitamin B3 (Niacin, Nicotinamide → NADPH) • Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine, Pyridoxamine, ... Pyridoxal → Pyridoxal Phosphate) • Vitamin B9 (Folic Acid → Tetrahydrofolic Acid) • Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) • Zinc (Zn2+) ... 5-chloro-1-(1-[3-(2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)propyl]piperidin-4-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2(3H)-one ... இந்தியாவில், குழந்தை மருத்துவத்துக்கான டோம்பரிடோன் டோம்பரி சஸ்பென்சனாக (டோம்பரிடோன் 1 மிகி/மிலி, 30 மிலி சஸ்பென்சன்;Ipca ...
https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/டோம்பரிடோன்
AntiandrogenAntiandrogen
Vitamins and Hormones. Academic Press. 18 May 1976. pp. 682-. ISBN 978-0-08-086630-7.. ... 90-. ISBN 978-1-4557-2758-2.. *^ a b c d e f g h i William Figg; Cindy H. Chau; Eric J. Small (14 September 2010). Drug ... 1: S17-26. doi:10.1007/s00432-006-0133-5. PMID 16845534.. *^ a b c d e f g h Lieberman R (2001). "Androgen deprivation therapy ... 952-. ISBN 978-1-60913-713-7.. *^ a b c d e f g h Singh SM, Gauthier S, Labrie F (2000). "Androgen receptor antagonists ( ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiandrogen
NephrologyNephrology
An erythropoetin stimulating agent may be required to ensure adequate production of red blood cells, activated vitamin D ... The early history of the ISN is described by Robinson and Richet [1] in 2005 and the later history by Barsoum [2] in 2011. The ... The word 'nephrology' appeared for the first time in a conference, on 1-4 September 1960 at the "Premier Congrès International ... Before then, the specialty was usually referred to as "kidney medicine."[1] ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephrologist
vitamin K-1, phytonadione (Mephyton): Side Effectsvitamin K-1, phytonadione (Mephyton): Side Effects
Consumer information about the prescription drug vitamin K-1, phytonadione (Mephyton) used to treat hypoprothrombinemia and ... Warfarin inhibits vitamin K reductase, the enzyme responsible for reducing vitamin K. The reduced form of vitamin K is used by ... Vitamins and Supplements: Test Your Medical IQ. Take the Vitamins & Supplements Quiz to learn just how many essential vitamins ... Vitamins Quiz. Take the Vitamins & Supplements Quiz to learn just how many essential vitamins your body needs to function! ...
https://www.medicinenet.com/vitamin_k-injection/article.htm
What Does Vitamin B-1 Do?What Does Vitamin B-1 Do?
Find out what foods to eat to make sure you get the right amount of vitamin B-1. ... Wondering what vitamins are most important during pregnancy? B complex, which contains the spectrum of B vitamins, will keep ... If youre trying to lose weight, you might want to add vitamins to your daily regimen. Discover some vitamins for weight loss ( ... To keep a balance of B vitamins in your system, doctors often suggest B complex vitamins over individual B supplements for ...
https://www.healthline.com/health/vitamin-watch-b1-thiamine
Microbes for Vitamin Production Page 1Microbes for Vitamin Production Page 1
ATCC houses many microbes that support the generation of vitamins including vitamins A and C, folic acid (B9), niacinamide (B3 ... Microbes for Vitamin Production Grow, Preserve, Repeat. Reduce prep time and minimize lab errors with a little help from ATCC ...
https://www.atcc.org/en/Products/Cells_and_Microorganisms/By_Focus_Area/Food_Applications/Microbes_for_Vitamin_Production.aspx?dsNav=N:4294925795
Microbes for Vitamin Production Page 1Microbes for Vitamin Production Page 1
ATCC houses many microbes that support the generation of vitamins including vitamins A and C, folic acid (B9), niacinamide (B3 ... Microbes for Vitamin Production * Meiothermus ruber (Loginova et al.) Nobre et al. (ATCC® 35948™) ATCC® Number: 35948™ ... Designation: 4228 [ATCC 24904, ATCC 46991, BI CZAS 0323/1, CBS 2354, CCRC 20855, CCY 48-76, DBVPG 6248, DSM 70424, IFO 0565, ...
https://www.atcc.org/en/Products/Cells_and_Microorganisms/By_Focus_Area/Food_Applications/Microbes_for_Vitamin_Production.aspx?dsNav=Ro:20,Up:Page_Product_Listing&slp=1
Microbes for Vitamin Production Page 1Microbes for Vitamin Production Page 1
ATCC houses many microbes that support the generation of vitamins including vitamins A and C, folic acid (B9), niacinamide (B3 ... Microbes for Vitamin Production * Saccharomyces cerevisiae Meyen ex E.C. Hansen (ATCC® 9080™) ATCC® Number: 9080™ Deposited As ... Designation: 4228 [ATCC 24904, ATCC 46991, BI CZAS 0323/1, CBS 2354, CCRC 20855, CCY 48-76, DBVPG 6248, DSM 70424, IFO 0565, ...
https://atcc.org/en/Products/Cells_and_Microorganisms/By_Focus_Area/Food_Applications/Microbes_for_Vitamin_Production.aspx?dsNav=Ns:Organism_Accepted_Name%7C101%7C1%7C,N:4294955984
Vitamin D. Volume 1, Biochemistry, physiology and diagnostics (eBook, 2018) [WorldCat.org]Vitamin D. Volume 1, Biochemistry, physiology and diagnostics (eBook, 2018) [WorldCat.org]
David Feldman; J Wesley Pike; R Bouillon;] -- Vitamin D: Volume One: Biochemistry, Physiology and Diagnostics, Fourth Edition ... Vitamin D and the kidney --. Vitamin D and the parathyroids --. The calcium-sensing receptor and vitamin d --. Vitamin D in ... Vitamin D and the kidney -- Vitamin D and the parathyroids -- The calcium-sensing receptor and vitamin d -- Vitamin D in ... The role of vitamin D and its receptor in hair follicle biology --. Vitamin D, calcium and the epidermis --. Vitamin D and the ...
http://www.worldcat.org/title/vitamin-d-volume-1-biochemistry-physiology-and-diagnostics/oclc/1013541228
Nuface Lifter Vitamin C & Hyaluronic Acid Serum 1 Oz from Sephora.Nuface Lifter Vitamin C & Hyaluronic Acid Serum 1 Oz from Sephora.
Shop for Nuface Lifter Vitamin C & Hyaluronic Acid Serum 1 Oz from Sephora at Westfield Fashion Square. Browse the latest ... The hyaluronic acid works with vitamin C, promoting vitamin C absorption and hydrating the skin by maintaining moisture. This ... Loaded with essential vitamin C, the powerful antioxidant takes charge of free radicals and repairs damaged skin while lifting ... Glamglow Gravitymud(tm) Firming Treatment Power Rangers - Goldar Goldar - Gold Peel-Off Mask 1 Oz/ 30 G ...
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1 Meal Planner: Vitamin Hero - Stahuj.cz1 Meal Planner: Vitamin Hero - Stahuj.cz
Vitamin Hero 2.1.8 download - Find out if your daily meal is healthy and why you are attracted to a certain product. Explore ... Vitamins can help! Learn about the role of vitamins in nutrition, appearance, fitness, sex life and career.. Learn to eat right ... AUTHORS VITAMIN RECIPES. AND SMART FOOD TIPS!. Vitamins play an important role in our mood, energy, mental capabilities, ... Values ​​of Vitamin Hero. Our app adheres to the principles of a positive attitude towards human body and freedom of its ...
https://www.stahuj.cz/ios/zdravi-a-fitness/vitaminy-plan-pitania-i-dieta/
SugarBearHair Vitamins 60 Count 1 Month Supply for sale online | eBaySugarBearHair Vitamins 60 Count 1 Month Supply for sale online | eBay
... used options and get the best deals for SugarBearHair Vitamins 60 Count 1 Month Supply at the best online prices at eBay! Free ... SugarBearHair Vitamins 60 Count 1 Month Supply. 7 product ratings. 4.1average based on 7 product ratings ... Received used vitamins. When I received my package I opened it. I went to open the bottle and there were no seal on the outside ... The Gummi vitamins have yellow spots on them and there is a greasy film inside the bottle. I did not receive what I was ...
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InstaNatural, Vitamin C Serum, 1 fl oz (30 ml) - iHerbInstaNatural, Vitamin C Serum, 1 fl oz (30 ml) - iHerb
... your current browser version will no longer be supported for iHerb starting 7/1/2018. Upgrade your existing browser using links ...
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Mason Natural, Vitamin B-1, 250 mg, 100 Tablets - iHerbMason Natural, Vitamin B-1, 250 mg, 100 Tablets - iHerb
Mason Natural, Vitamin B-1, 250 mg, 100 Tablets. By. Mason Natural. ... Mason Natural, Vitamin B-1, 250 mg, 100 Tablets. By. Mason Natural. ... Mason Natural, Vitamin B-1, 250 mg, 100 Tablets. By Mason Natural ... Vitamin B-1, 250 mg, 100 Tablets 405 Reviews. $6.61 $6.61 ( ... March 1 2024 Expiration Date The length of time for the expiration date or best used before date depends on the type of ...
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Weeks 1 and 2 Pregnancy Nutrient: Folic Acid (Vitamin B9)Weeks 1 and 2 Pregnancy Nutrient: Folic Acid (Vitamin B9)
What it is: Meet the pregnancy super-nutrient: folic acid (called folate in food form) - the B-9 vitamin youll want to add to ... Where you can get your fill: Aside from the 400 mcg in your daily prenatal vitamin, you can get ample amounts of folate from ...
https://www.whattoexpect.com/pregnancy/diet/pregnancy-nutrient-folic-acid/
Kroger - Kroger® Vitamin D Whole Milk, 1 ptKroger - Kroger® Vitamin D Whole Milk, 1 pt
Vitamin D Whole Milk at Kroger. Find quality dairy products to add to your Shopping List or order online for Delivery or Pickup ... Vitamins and Supplements. Personal Care. Beauty. Pet. Candy. Floral. Baby. Ship to Home. Specialty Diets. International Cuisine ... Digital CouponsWeekly AdBuy 5 or More, Save $1 EachFace Masks, Sanitizers & MoreMy Prescriptions ... If you are using a screen reader and having difficulty with this website, please call 1‒800‒576‒4377. ...
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Vitamin D Deficiency in Type 1 Diabetes PatientsVitamin D Deficiency in Type 1 Diabetes Patients
Vitamin D supplementation for the prevention of the onset of type 1 diabetes is also being studied.... Research done on ... Research done on diabetic mice has found that mice deficient in vitamin D were at a higher risk of developing diabetes. Vitamin ... Vitamin D supplementation for the prevention of the onset of type 1 diabetes is also being studied…. ... The Role of Vitamin D Deficiency in the Incidence, Progression, and Complications of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. National Center ...
http://www.diabetesincontrol.com/vitamin-d-deficiency-in-type-1-diabetes-patients/
Vitamin Ds Role In Preventing Type 1 DiabetesVitamin D's Role In Preventing Type 1 Diabetes
... supplementation with the vitamin could possibly reduce the risk of type 1 diabetes in susceptible children. ... Identifying vitamin D status and VDR variants along with other genetic variants in the vitamin D pathway, may help determine ... These people are also at higher risk of developing a vitamin D deficiency. Since vitamin D is related to immune system ... D is the precursor of vitamin D, and a good indicator of vitamin D levels in the body. Numerous other studies have found mixed ...
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High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in type 1 diabetes mellitus and healthy children | SpringerLinkHigh prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in type 1 diabetes mellitus and healthy children | SpringerLink
Epidemiological studies suggest a link between vitamin D deficiency in early life and the later onset of type 1 diabetes. The ... Vitamin D intake was very poor in children and it shows that supplementing infants with vitamin D might be a safe and effective ... Gartner LM, Greer FR (2003) Prevention of rickets and vitamin D deficiency: new guidelines for vitamin D intake. Pediatrics 111 ... Mckenna MJ (1992) Differences in vitamin D status between countries in young adults and the elderly. Am J Med 93:69-77PubMed ...
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00592-008-0071-6
23,23-Difluoro-1α,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 - Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation23,23-Difluoro-1α,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 - Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation
The compound is characterized by vitamin D-like activity as evidenced by its ability to increase i ... The invention provides a new derivative of vitamin D, 23,23-difluoro-1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol.,p, ... For example, the vitamin is first hydroxylated in the liver to form 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 and is further hydroxylated in the ... A major pathway for inactivation of vitamin D is 23S-hydroxylation of 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 (Tanaka et al, Biochemistry 20, ...
http://www.freepatentsonline.com/4502991.html
Pioneer 1+1 Vitamin Mineral Gluten Free, 60 Vegetarian Capsules - RalphsPioneer 1+1 Vitamin Mineral Gluten Free, 60 Vegetarian Capsules - Ralphs
Shop for Pioneer 1+1 Vitamin Mineral Gluten Free at Ralphs. Find quality products to add to your Shopping List or order online ...
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Physicians Formula Skin Booster Vitamin Shot Hydrate 1 Fl Oz : TargetPhysicians Formula Skin Booster Vitamin Shot Hydrate 1 Fl Oz : Target
Read reviews and buy Physicians Formula Skin Booster Vitamin Shot Hydrate 1 fl oz at Target. Get it today with Same Day ... Hydrating: Hyaluronic Acid and Vitamin E. Brightening: Vitamin C and Licorice Time-Restoring: Vitamin A and Firming Red Algae ... Your daily dose of skin-boosting vitamins to prep your skin, while tackling multiple skin concerns.. WHY ITS GOOD FOR YOU: ... Health Facts: Contains Vitamin C, Propylparaben-Free, Phthalate-Free, Nonylphenol Ethoxylate Free, No Fragrance Added, ...
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Brain boosting bioactives, Part 1: From omega-3 to vitamin EBrain boosting bioactives, Part 1: From omega-3 to vitamin E
Vitamin E​. From the B vitamins to vitamin E, the potential brain health benefits of tocopherols and tocotrienols are linked ... For more insights on vitamin E for brain health, please read: Vitamin E: The overlooked nutrient and its brain health ... Omega-3s and B vitamins​. A recent study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition​​ found a link between omega-3 ... However, over 90% of Americans are reportedly not consuming the RDA for vitamin E, with most getting less than half of the RDA. ...
https://www.nutraingredients.com/Article/2015/08/19/Brain-boosting-bioactives-Part-1-From-omega-3-to-vitamin-E
B-1 Tablets 250mg at Vitamin WorldB-1 Tablets 250mg at Vitamin World
One way to ensure that you are getting your Daily Values for B-Vitamins is to take dietary supplements. Discover B-1 Tablets ... As a B Vitamin, Thiamin (Vitamin B-1) plays a role in the nervous system and energy metabolism.**. Each coated tablet makes it ... All orders placed through this website are subject to Vitamin World acceptance, in its sole discretion. This means that Vitamin ... All orders placed through this website are subject to Vitamin World acceptance, in its sole discretion. This means that Vitamin ...
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Expression of the vitamin D-activating enzyme 1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) decreases during melanoma progression. - PubMed - NCBIExpression of the vitamin D-activating enzyme 1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) decreases during melanoma progression. - PubMed - NCBI
Expression of the vitamin D-activating enzyme 1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) decreases during melanoma progression.. Brożyna AA1, ... Expression of Vitamin D-Activating Enzyme 1α-Hydroxylase (CYP27B1) Decreases during Melanoma Progression ... Expression of Vitamin D-Activating Enzyme 1α-Hydroxylase (CYP27B1) Decreases during Melanoma Progression ... Expression of Vitamin D-Activating Enzyme 1α-Hydroxylase (CYP27B1) Decreases during Melanoma Progression ...
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22995334
Patent US6458827 - Method of locking 1α-OH of vitamin D compounds in axial orientation - Google PatentsPatent US6458827 - Method of locking 1α-OH of vitamin D compounds in axial orientation - Google Patents
A method of modifying or altering the structure of a 1α-hydroxylated vitamin D compound to increase its biological activity by ... This is accomplished by either locking the A-ring chair conformation in a geometry having an axially orientated 1α-hydroxyl, or ... in the molecule or on the A-ring to provide a driving force to the A-ring to adopt a chair conformation which presents the 1α- ... altering the conformational equilibrium of the A-ring to favor a chair conformation that presents the 1α-hydroxyl in the axial ...
http://www.google.com/patents/US6458827?dq=7,173,247
Milk, lowfat, fluid, 1% milkfat, protein fortified, with added vitamin A and vitamin D NutritionMilk, lowfat, fluid, 1% milkfat, protein fortified, with added vitamin A and vitamin D Nutrition
... with added vitamin A and vitamin D Nutrition - BellaOnline Nutrition Database - BellaOnline is committed to helping our ... Vitamin A, IU. Nutrient Val: 203 IU. Additional Fortification: Tag Name: VITA_IU. Rounded to dec points: 0. Vitamin D (D2 + D3) ... Vitamin A: 1998 out of 2310 IU. Vitamin C: 10 out of 75 mg. Calcium: 1397 out of 1000 mg. Iron: 0 out of 18 mg. Potassium: 1771 ... Vitamin B-12. Nutrient Val: 0.43 mcg. Additional Fortification: Tag Name: VITB12. Rounded to dec points: 2. Vitamin A, RAE. ...
http://www.bellaonline.com/nutrition/detail.asp?id=1084&qty=2
Genes | Free Full-Text | Inherited Variation in Vitamin D Genes and Type 1 Diabetes PredispositionGenes | Free Full-Text | Inherited Variation in Vitamin D Genes and Type 1 Diabetes Predisposition
Intervention trials identify the specific requirements of adequate vitamin D doses to achieve vitamin D sufficiency. ... polymorphisms and those of the vitamin D metabolism, particularly the CYP27B1 gene encoding the main enzyme for vitamin D ... This review aims at compiling all genetic studies addressing the vitamin D system in type 1 diabetes. Herein, association ... Additionally, rare examples of inborn errors of vitamin D metabolism manifesting with type 1 diabetes and their immune status ...
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/8/4/125/xml
Vitamin D Deficiency and Coronary Artery Calcification in Subjects With Type 1 Diabetes | Diabetes CareVitamin D Deficiency and Coronary Artery Calcification in Subjects With Type 1 Diabetes | Diabetes Care
Vitamin D-binding protein (VDP) gene polymorphisms 420 (C/A) and 416 (T/G) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism M1T ( ... Vitamin D deficiency predicted development of CAC among subjects free of CAC at the 3-year visit. Among those, vitamin D ... Vitamin D levels by genotype. Least square means adjusted for age, sex, diabetes status, hours of daylight, AER, vitamin D ... Serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) assesses vitamin D status best. 25[OH]D is the major circulating form of vitamin D ...
http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/34/2/454
Molecular Expressions: Science, Optics & You - Olympus MIC-D: Polarized Light Gallery - Thiamine (Vitamin B-1)Molecular Expressions: Science, Optics & You - Olympus MIC-D: Polarized Light Gallery - Thiamine (Vitamin B-1)
... more commonly referred to as vitamin B-1) was previously known as the anti-beriberi factor, and is essential for carbohydrate ... Thiamine (Vitamin B-1). Thiamine (more commonly referred to as vitamin B-1) was previously known as the anti-beriberi factor, ... Antagonists of vitamin B-1 include coffee, tea, raw fish, betel nuts, while vitamins B-12, B-6, niacin, and pantothenic acid ... Beriberi, a vitamin B-1 deficiency disease prevalent in the Far East that translates into "I cant, I cant", was first ...
http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/optics/olympusmicd/galleries/polarized/thiamine1.html
What are the normal levels for D3 and Vitamin D 1,25 hydroxy? | Reference.comWhat are the normal levels for D3 and Vitamin D 1,25 hydroxy? | Reference.com
25-dihydroxy vitamin D in adult men and women ranges from 18 to 64 and 18 to 78 picograms per milliliter, respectively, ... How does Vitamin D compare to Vitamin D3?. A: Vitamin D3, also called cholecalciferol, is the form of vitamin D the body ... What is a vitamin D overdose?. A: A vitamin D overdose occurs when the body retains enough of the vitamin to reach toxic levels ... How much vitamin D-3 should someone take every day?. A: Adult men and women should consume 15 micrograms of vitamin D daily, ...
https://www.reference.com/health/normal-levels-d3-vitamin-d-1-25-hydroxy-a7bed1779dda1242
Vitamin K 1 | Harvard Catalyst Profiles | Harvard CatalystVitamin K 1 | Harvard Catalyst Profiles | Harvard Catalyst
Tissue Concentrations of Vitamin K and Expression of Key Enzymes of Vitamin K Metabolism Are Influenced by Sex and Diet but Not ... The Contribution of Lipids to the Interindividual Response of Vitamin K Biomarkers to Vitamin K Supplementation. Mol Nutr Food ... Vitamin K1 alleviates streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes by mitigating free radical stress, as well as inhibiting NF-?B ... "Vitamin K 1" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject ...
https://connects.catalyst.harvard.edu/Profiles/display/Concept/Vitamin%20K%201
Circulating vitamin D metabolites and kidney disease in type 1 diabetes.Circulating vitamin D metabolites and kidney disease in type 1 diabetes.
The aim of the study was to test associations of circulating vitamin D metabolites with risks of incident microalbuminuria, ... Impaired vitamin D metabolism may contribute to the development and progression of diabetic kidney disease. ... No circulating vitamin D metabolite was associated with risk of impaired GFR or hypertension.. CONCLUSIONS: Low plasma ... CONTEXT: Impaired vitamin D metabolism may contribute to the development and progression of diabetic kidney disease.. OBJECTIVE ...
http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Circulating-Vitamin-D-Metabolites-Kidney/22990096.html
SupplementsSupplementationSerumCalciumINGREDIENTSMetabolismCalcitriolTabletsWater-solubleAdultsDosesProgressionImmune systemAbsorptionSupplementDeficienciesNutrientsPrevalence of vitamin D deficienReduced form2000PhytonadioneThiaminePotencyNiacinSunlightCirculating vitamin D metaboliteAscorbicMineralsPathwayMetabolitesTabletSufficientDosageDeficiency is associatedOrally administered vitaminMagnesiumCYP27B12020ReceptorIntakeConcentrationsHydroxyFolateOnsetBoneTocopherolPrecursorNutritionAntioxidantBiologically activeDeficient in vitaminIsletDoseFolicType 1 diabeticHerbsAnti-oxidantNutrientCapsulesCollagenSources of vitaminAntioxidantsAssociation between vitamin
Supplements32
  • Which drugs or supplements interact with vitamin k-injection? (medicinenet.com)
  • The Mayo Clinic says using thiamine with other vitamin supplements may reduce your chances of developing cataracts. (healthline.com)
  • To keep a balance of B vitamins in your system, doctors often suggest B complex vitamins over individual B supplements for healthy adults. (healthline.com)
  • In people with low blood levels of omega-3, however, supplements of folic acid plus vitamins B6 and B12 had no beneficial effect. (nutraingredients.com)
  • One way to ensure that you are getting your Daily Values for B-Vitamins is to take dietary supplements. (vitaminworld.com)
  • A vitamin D overdose occurs when the body retains enough of the vitamin to reach toxic levels, caused by taking supplements, according to Mayo Clinic. (reference.com)
  • What are Vitamin D2 supplements used for? (reference.com)
  • The Vitamin Shoppe is your solution to all of your supplements, vitamin, as well as herbal needs. (simplybestcoupons.com)
  • Vitamin supplements are synthetic versions of natural vitamins. (scribd.com)
  • In instances such as these, vitamin supplements can be of great use. (scribd.com)
  • Therefore, for general health where you dont have a deficiency, theres no real need to buy mega doses of vitamin supplements. (scribd.com)
  • Based on a survey of pharmacists who recommend branded vitamins and supplements. (naturemade.com)
  • Most fortified foods, such as breakfast cereals, grains, as well as vitamin supplements, contain niacinamide, which is safe and cheap in the amounts added. (wisdom-magazine.com)
  • Amazon is offering several vitamins and supplements for buy 1 get 1 free. (spoofee.com)
  • Statements made about specific vitamins, supplements, procedures or other items sold on or through this website have not been evaluated by eVitamins or by the United States Food and Drug Administration. (evitamins.com)
  • We carry huge selections of vitamins and supplements, and other different health and beauty products, over 400 brands and 30,000 items now, with new products added frequently. (vitasprings.com)
  • When you ingest vitamin D from food or supplements, or when you obtain vitamin D from the sun, the vitamin undergoes a conversion in the liver to a form called 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Then, this form of the vitamin gets converted in the kidneys to the active form that the body can actually use, called 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D, or calcitriol. (diabetesselfmanagement.com)
  • Do vitamin B-1 supplements repel mosquitos? (medicalxpress.com)
  • Other studies with vitamin B-1 supplements taken orally have shown inconsistent results. (medicalxpress.com)
  • With all the hype in the world of fitness supplements, it comes as no surprise that the #1 question we receive from our customers is simply: "Does it work? (puritan.com)
  • What's Missing from Multi-Vitamin Supplements? (lifeextension.com)
  • 1 This is one reason why vitamin supplements are becoming so popular in the United States. (lifeextension.com)
  • Vitamin C, carotenoids and folic acid are examples of plant-based nutrients that can be efficiently consumed in the form of dietary supplements. (lifeextension.com)
  • Our vitamins and supplements are made with care from the highest quality ingredients. (puritan.com)
  • The study published in the American Medical Association's (AMA's) Archives of Internal Medicine , assessed the use of vitamin and mineral supplements in nearly 39,000 women whose average age [at outset] was 62. (prohealth.com)
  • Swiss Herbal products are an exclusive line of premium quality, natural source vitamins, minerals and supplements as well as herbs, cosmetics and herbal remedies. (zooscape.com)
  • All vitamins and supplements are guaranteed for purity, potency and stability for up to three years. (zooscape.com)
  • A new FDA "guidance" document, published on the FDA's website, reveals plans to reclassify virtually all vitamins, supplements, herbs and even vegetable juices as FDA-regulated drugs. (abovetopsecret.com)
  • BetterLife.com carries all the latest vitamins and internal supplements. (betterlife.com)
  • The Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial, or SELECT, was a clinical trial conducted with the goal of determining whether vitamin E and selenium supplements could prevent prostate cancer. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other research based on foods rich in selenium or Vitamin E, not supplements, suggests that there is limited evidence such foods may protect against some forms of cancer. (wikipedia.org)
  • A 2011 study based on the trial found that the risk of prostate cancer was elevated by 17% in the group that took vitamin E supplements, which was statistically significant. (wikipedia.org)
Supplementation18
  • This test is not suitable for diagnosis of vitamin D deficiency and monitoring supplementation in most patients. (questdiagnostics.com)
  • Vitamin D supplementation could possibly reduce the risk of type 1 diabetes in susceptible children. (diabetesincontrol.com)
  • Data from the VITACOG trial indicated that high-dose B vitamin supplementation slowed (atrophy in people with MCI by 40% but only when omega-3 levels were already high. (nutraingredients.com)
  • Epigenome-wide association study reveals a molecular signature of response to phylloquinone (vitamin K1) supplementation. (harvard.edu)
  • The Contribution of Lipids to the Interindividual Response of Vitamin K Biomarkers to Vitamin K Supplementation. (harvard.edu)
  • Scientists from the Diabetes Research Institute (DRI) at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine today announced the launch of a new clinical trial that will assess the impact of high-dose omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D supplementation on halting the progression of type 1 diabetes (T1D). (news-medical.net)
  • The present data suggest a positive modulating effect of 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D 3 supplementation on sepsis-induced coagulation disturbances in the coecal ligation and puncture model. (medsci.org)
  • This deficiency was associated with increased permissiveness of blood cells to HIV-1 infection which was reversed by vitamin D 3 supplementation. (pnas.org)
  • High-dosage oral vitamin D 3 supplementation attenuated HIV-1 replication, increased circulating leukocytes, and reversed winter-associated anemia. (pnas.org)
  • Vitamin D 3 therefore presents as a low-cost supplementation to improve HIV-associated immunity. (pnas.org)
  • This protection even extended to those with initially low vitamin K intake who boosted their consumption during the course of the study-demonstrating that it's never too late to start gaining the benefits of vitamin K supplementation. (lifeextension.com)
  • In this article, we will review a host of new studies that detail the impact of vitamin K supplementation on preventing these and other major age-related diseases. (lifeextension.com)
  • In the case of prediabetic children, we must therefore be mindful of the risk of vitamin D deficiency and consider recommending vitamin D supplementation at an early stage of type 1 diabetes. (bio-medicine.org)
  • Herein, we take a look at where supplementation in excess of the RDA for vitamin E (as α-tocopherol) has been shown to be of benefit. (allergyresearchgroup.com)
  • Vitamin D is mainly synthesized in the skin from 7-dehydrocholesterol and is partially from dietary and supplementation origin. (biovendor.com)
  • In fact, retrospective studies of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy or infancy showed a lower incidence of T1D. (nih.gov)
  • Vitamin D oral supplementation and skin synthesis have a different effect on the transport form of vitamin D, plasma calcifediol concentrations. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, it was stopped early in 2008 because no protective effect of supplementation on prostate cancer risk was found, and because the results suggested that vitamin E might increase the risk. (wikipedia.org)
Serum16
  • Nuface Lifter Vitamin C & Hyaluronic Acid Serum 1 Oz from Sephora. (westfield.com)
  • However, dietary intake of vitamin D is only one of the sources that depicts serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D). 25(OH)D is the precursor of vitamin D, and a good indicator of vitamin D levels in the body. (diabetesincontrol.com)
  • OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to examine the relationship among serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D), polymorphisms in vitamin D-associated genes, and the presence and progression of coronary artery calcification (CAC) in adults with type 1 diabetes. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) assesses vitamin D status best. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Capturing the power of two Vitamin C sources - anti-oxidant rich Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate and Kiwiberry - this oil-free milky serum provides instant radiance, elasticity and protects against daily environmental aggressors, while stimulating the production of collagen for a more youthful-looking complexion. (skincarerx.com)
  • Containing 3% Vitamin C, this serum is ideal for daily use. (skincarerx.com)
  • The severity of diabetic retinopathy was inversely related to serum 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 levels in adults with type 2 diabetes ( 2 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Life-Flo Vitamin C Serum is great under your daily moisturizer. (evitamins.com)
  • Developed with Dermatologists, this unique CeraVe Vitamin C Face Serum formula with 3 essential ceramides & 10% pure vitamin C visibly brightens while helping to restore the protective skin barrier. (cvs.com)
  • CeraVe Skin Renewing Vitamin C Serum can be used alone or layered under moisturizer. (cvs.com)
  • Box plots show the median, 25th, and 75th quartiles of serum vitamin D estimated for each group (A) by any TB diagnosis (current or past) at baseline (B) and by sex (C). Reference lines represent cut-offs for insufficient and sufficient vitamin D levels, respectively. (cdc.gov)
  • Serum concentrations of vitamin D metabolites in untreated tuberculosis. (cdc.gov)
  • Nnoaham KE , Clarke A . Low serum vitamin D levels and tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (cdc.gov)
  • AVALON ORGANICS Vitamin C Sun-Aging Defense Renewal Facial Serum is a double action cream that moisturizes the skin and defies aging through its formula which contains vitamin C, sweet almond oil, flax and borage. (astronutrition.com)
  • BWC Vitamin C with Co Q10 Vitality Serum uses active forms of vitamin C and CoQ10 to improve skin circulation‚ clarity‚ tone‚ and texture. (pureformulas.com)
  • The levels of 1,25(OH)2 Vitamin D in plasma or serum is 100 to 1000 less than that of 25OH Vitamin D. Due to its low concentrations and the presence of many similar metabolites, the measurement of 1,25(OH)2 Vitamin D requires extraction and separation by chromatography. (biovendor.com)
Calcium31
  • The compound is characterized by vitamin D-like activity as evidenced by its ability to increase intestinal calcium transport. (freepatentsonline.com)
  • Vitamin D 3 is a well-known agent for the control of calcium and phosphorous homeostasis. (freepatentsonline.com)
  • The 1-hydroxylated form of the vitamin is generally considered to be the physiologically active or hormonal form of the vitamin and to be responsible for what are termed the vitamin D-like activities, such as increasing intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphate, mobilizing bone mineral, and causing reabsorption of calcium in the kidneys. (freepatentsonline.com)
  • Since the discovery of biologically active metabolites of vitamin D there has been much interest in the preparation of structural analogs of these metabolites, because such compounds may represent useful therapeutic agents for the treatment of diseases resulting from calcium metabolism disorders. (freepatentsonline.com)
  • Vitamin D regulates calcium blood levels and affects vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation ( 12 ), inflammation ( 13 ), and the renin-angiotensin system ( 14 ), all of which have cardiovascular effects and could lead to coronary calcification. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Getting enough calcium and vitamin D, especially as you get older, helps build and support strong bones. (naturemade.com)
  • Having adequate calcium and vitamin D in your already healthy diet, along with some good old physical activity, may reduce the risk of osteoporosis later in life. (naturemade.com)
  • Consistent exercise is the best way to keep your bones healthy and strong, along with supplementing your diet with key nutrients like calcium, vitamin D and magnesium. (naturemade.com)
  • This powerful little mineral helps to build and support strong bones and teeth, while vitamin D helps your body absorb all that calcium goodness even better. (naturemade.com)
  • Vitamin D regulates calcium and phosphate metabolism which is important in the maintenance of bone health. (blackmores.com.au)
  • In addition to the regulation of calcium homeostasis, vitamin D affects the cellular immune system, targets the TNF-α pathway and increases vasoconstrictor response to angiotensin II. (medsci.org)
  • The hormonally active form of vitamin D, 1,α25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-vit D) is an important regulator of the calcium-phosphate homeostasis. (medsci.org)
  • Consuming adequate levels of calcium, magnesium and vitamin D in the daily diet is difficult for many. (baldwins.co.uk)
  • Calcium cannot be properly absorbed into the system without sufficient amounts of magnesium and vitamin D to help it along. (baldwins.co.uk)
  • Women and men of all ages who don't eat a balanced diet each day require supplemental calcium, magnesium and vitamin D. (baldwins.co.uk)
  • While calcium and vitamin D are well-known to be essential for proper bone formation, there is evidence to suggest that magnesium deficiency may be a risk factor for bone health later in life, since a deficiency of magnesium alters calcium metabolism and the hormones that regulate calcium. (baldwins.co.uk)
  • Vitamin D is required for calcium absorption in the intestines and to maintain the balance of calcium and phosphate in the body for bone mineralization. (diabetesselfmanagement.com)
  • Novel 1α-hydroxy Vitamin D 4 and novel analogues, 1,25 dihydroxy Vitamin D 4 and 1,24 dihydroxy Vitamin D 4 which are useful for the treatment of disorders of calcium metabolism. (google.com)
  • Vitamin D is known to be important in the regulation of calcium metabolism in animals and man. (google.com)
  • Vitamin D is known as a major regulator of calcium levels and bone met. (bio-medicine.org)
  • For example my GP prescribed calcitriol for my vitamin D deficiency ( I suffer from ME), even though my calcium levels were normal. (prohealth.com)
  • For the past three decades, abundant evidence has been accumulated to indicate that the active form of vitamin D, 1 α ,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 , 1 α ,25(OH) 2 D 3 , or calcitriol, possesses many actions not associated with calcium and bone metabolism [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • 1,25(OH)2 Vitamin D stimulates the intestinal absorption of both calcium and phosphorus. (biovendor.com)
  • 1,25(OH)2 Vitamin D is also be active in other tissues responsible for Calcium transport (placenta, kidney, mammary gland,…) and endocrine glands such as parathyroid glands. (biovendor.com)
  • Solgar Vitamins Chelated Calcium Magnesium 1:1 is vital for the formation of strong bones and teeth and for the maintenance of healthy gums. (victoriahealth.com)
  • As a food supplement for adults, take four Chelated Calcium Magnesium 1:1 tablets daily, preferably at mealtime, or as directed by a healthcare practitioner. (victoriahealth.com)
  • Osteo-Form Powder is for use as an aid in the prevention of dietary deficiencies of calcium, phosphorus, and vitamins A and D in horses. (petrx.com)
  • It contains a calcium-to-phosphorus ratio of 1.8-to-1 reduces danger of nutritional imbalance. (petrx.com)
  • It has the superior form of vitamin D3 25 mcg (1,000 IU), which facilitates calcium absorption, helps strengthen bones and teeth and supports long-term overall health. (nutritionexpress.com)
  • Carlson Mild C® Crystals are made from pure calcium ascorbate, a combination of calcium and vitamin C, making it mild on the teeth and gentle in the stomach. (carlsonlabs.com)
  • An excess of vitamin D causes abnormally high blood concentrations of calcium, which can cause overcalcification of the bones, soft tissues, heart and kidneys. (wikipedia.org)
INGREDIENTS4
  • VITAMINS are natures health ingredients in food and drinks. (scribd.com)
  • Other Ingredients: Super Collagen™ Type 1&3 derived from pharmaceutical food grade bovine collagen. (vitaminworld.com)
  • Ingredients: Vitamin C. (thewolfeclinic.com)
  • Any good ingredients are in Milk, Light 1%, Vitamin A & D? (dietsinreview.com)
Metabolism20
  • Other metabolic alternatives are believed to be responsible for the metabolism and ultimate elimination of vitamin D compounds from the body, with the generally accepted recognition that 1α,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (U.S. Pat. (freepatentsonline.com)
  • As a B Vitamin, Thiamin (Vitamin B-1) plays a role in the nervous system and energy metabolism. (vitaminworld.com)
  • Vitamin B3 is essential to metabolism and likely very ancient in origin," lead study author Karen Smith of Pennsylvania State University said in a statement. (abovetopsecret.com)
  • Additionally, rare examples of inborn errors of vitamin D metabolism manifesting with type 1 diabetes and their immune status are discussed. (mdpi.com)
  • We find a majority of association studies confirming a predisposing role for vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms and those of the vitamin D metabolism, particularly the CYP27B1 gene encoding the main enzyme for vitamin D activation. (mdpi.com)
  • Thiamine (more commonly referred to as vitamin B-1) was previously known as the anti-beriberi factor, and is essential for carbohydrate metabolism as a coenzyme. (fsu.edu)
  • Aerobic metabolism and the conduction of nerve impulses also involves vitamin B-1. (fsu.edu)
  • Tissue Concentrations of Vitamin K and Expression of Key Enzymes of Vitamin K Metabolism Are Influenced by Sex and Diet but Not Housing in C57Bl6 Mice. (harvard.edu)
  • CONTEXT: Impaired vitamin D metabolism may contribute to the development and progression of diabetic kidney disease. (biomedsearch.com)
  • In contrast, we did not find evidence linking impaired vitamin D metabolism to early GFR loss or the development of hypertension. (biomedsearch.com)
  • Section I. History, Chemistry Metabolism, Circulation & Regulation 1. (indigo.ca)
  • Megalin, VDBP, and 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25-OHD) were measured in urine, and genes involved in vitamin D metabolism were assessed in renal tissues from diabetic and control mice at 10, 15, and 18 weeks following the onset of diabetes. (hindawi.com)
  • Megalin has been shown to play a central role in vitamin D metabolism. (hindawi.com)
  • RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We measured 25(OH)D concentrations in 720 case and 2,610 control plasma samples and genotyped single nucleotide polymorphisms from seven vitamin D metabolism genes in 8,517 case, 10,438 control, and 1,933 family samples. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • We replicated the associations of four vitamin D metabolism genes ( GC , DHCR7 , CYP2R1 , and CYP24A1 ) with 25(OH)D in control subjects. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Three key 25(OH)D metabolism genes show consistent evidence of association with type 1 diabetes risk, indicating a genetic etiological role for vitamin D deficiency in type 1 diabetes. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • 1,25 dihydroxy Vitamin D 4 and 1,24 dihydroxy Vitamin D 4 are isolated as biological products of the metabolism of novel 1α-hydroxy Vitamin D 4 using cultured human liver cells. (google.com)
  • As part of this complex of Vitamins, B-1 or Thiamine, as it's also known, plays a vital role in supporting the immune and nervous systems, skin and muscle growth and function, metabolism and regulating essential chemical and enzyme reactions within our bodies. (healthmonthly.co.uk)
  • Swanson Vitamin B-1 offers a healthy, meat free alternative to those animal sources, as well as being a very serious way to boost your metabolism - a process necessary for weight management. (healthmonthly.co.uk)
  • Solgar Vitamin B-Complex "100" provides high potency B vitamins to support stress resistance, energy, mood balance, and a healthy metabolism. (vitahealth.co.nz)
Calcitriol2
  • Calcitriol is actually a steroid hormone, and vitamin D is sometimes called a precursor hormone, or the building block, for calcitriol. (diabetesselfmanagement.com)
  • The Calcitriol (1,25 di-OH Vit D) level is 78.1 (normal is 10 - 75). (healingwell.com)
Tablets2
  • Tablets should be stored at room temperature between 15 C and 30 C (59 F and 86 F). Injectable vitamin K should be stored in original container at controlled room temperature between 20 C and 25 C (68 F and 77 F), and should be protected from light. (medicinenet.com)
  • Country Life Vitamin K 1 provides this important nutrient in convenient 100 mcg tablets. (swansonvitamins.com)
Water-soluble10
  • Like the other B vitamins, thiamine is water-soluble and helps the body turn food into energy. (healthline.com)
  • WATER AND FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS Vitamins are either water soluble or fat soluble. (scribd.com)
  • All other types of vitamins are water soluble. (scribd.com)
  • Excess water soluble vitamins, on the other hand, are excreted in urine as the body only stores what it needs. (scribd.com)
  • So the chances of toxicity from water soluble vitamins is rare. (scribd.com)
  • Vitamin C is a water-soluble antioxidant nutrient involved in many biological processes in the body. (blackmores.com.au)
  • Pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B6) is a water-soluble nutrient involved in the production of proteins, neurotransmitters and haemoblobin. (blackmores.com.au)
  • Vitamin C is a water soluble vitamin that has too many benefits to list. (thewolfeclinic.com)
  • Vitamin C, also called ascorbic acid, is a water soluble vitamin that we get mostly from fruit and vegetables, especially citrus fruit. (thewolfeclinic.com)
  • Five of of those vitamins are A, C, D, E & K, of which only C is water soluble. (healthmonthly.co.uk)
Adults17
  • For adults, take one (1) tablet daily, preferably with a meal. (vitaminworld.com)
  • Our study examined the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationship between 25[OH]D levels and CAC in adults with type 1 diabetes. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • According to the American Diabetes Association, around 1.25 million children and adults in the United States have type 1 diabetes. (com.pk)
  • Adults - Take 1 tablet a day with meal, or as professional prescribed. (blackmores.com.au)
  • Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) has been implicated in the development of diabetes complications based on studies in mice, cell cultures, and adults with diabetes ( 1 - 6 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • The DRI has received FDA IND clearance to proceed with the Phase I/IIa trial, named the POSEIDON Study (Pilot study of Omega-3 and Vitamin D High Doses in T1D), to compare the effects of the proposed intervention in children and adults newly diagnosed and in those with longer-standing T1D to evaluate any benefit of early and late interventions. (news-medical.net)
  • The investigators will compare children and adults with type 1 diabetes, both newly diagnosed and those more than six months post-diagnosis, who take either vitamin D alone or in combination with omega-3 fatty acids. (news-medical.net)
  • Adults and children 12 or more years of age: 1/4 teaspoon dissolved in liquid as often as needed, or as directed. (thewolfeclinic.com)
  • Cape Town, South Africa, has a seasonal UVB regime and one of the world's highest rates of HIV-1 infection, peaking in young adults. (pnas.org)
  • In two ethnically distinct groups of young adults in Cape Town we found high prevalence of seasonal vitamin D deficiency resulting from inadequate UVB exposure. (pnas.org)
  • We conducted a longitudinal study in two ethnically distinct groups of healthy young adults in Cape Town, supplemented with vitamin D 3 in winter, to determine whether vitamin D status modifies the response to HIV-1 infection and to identify the major determinants of vitamin D status (UVB exposure, diet, pigmentation, and genetics). (pnas.org)
  • The feeling from the medical community lately is that the established requirements for vitamin D aren't enough, and that an intake between 800 to 1,000 IU would be better to aim for, especially for people at risk for deficiency, including older adults, those with limited sun exposure, those with gastrointestinal disorders, and people with darker skin. (diabetesselfmanagement.com)
  • 50 nmol/L) is commonly reported in both children and adults worldwide, and growing evidence indicates that vitamin D deficiency is associated with many extraskeletal chronic disorders, including the autoimmune diseases type 1 diabetes and multiple sclerosis. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Questions about vitamin D and sun exposure were included in a telephone survey of a representative sample of 1,490 adults residing in private households in Victoria aged 18 years and over that was conducted during July 2010 by a market research company on behalf of Cancer Council Victoria. (sunsmart.com.au)
  • About 90% of U.S. adults and more than 80% of U.S. children do not consume sufficient amounts of vitamin E. (allergyresearchgroup.com)
  • Adults take one (1) tablet daily with food. (swansonvitamins.com)
  • Instructions: to aid in the prevention of dietary deficiencies, give 1 to 3 slightly rounded tablespoonfuls to foals and 3 to 5 tablespoonfuls to yearlings and adults each day for as long as indicated. (petrx.com)
Doses10
  • Intervention trials identify the specific requirements of adequate vitamin D doses to achieve vitamin D sufficiency. (mdpi.com)
  • If you consume extremely high doses of fat soluble vitamins, such as vitamin A, it can cause toxicity in the body. (scribd.com)
  • The large doses in the vitamin supplement will help the body absorb a small amount that it requires. (scribd.com)
  • And remember, mega doses of fat soluble vitamins can be toxic as the body cant get rid of the excess. (scribd.com)
  • However, the combination of the low doses of p-XSC and Vitamin E resulted in nearly a 40% decrease in mutagenesis in tongue and esophagus, and this decrease was statistically significant (P=0.008 and 0.023, respectively. (nih.gov)
  • No inhibition was observed using a combination of the higher doses of p-XSC and Vitamin E. These results lend support to the use of low doses of inhibitors of mutagenesis in combinations. (nih.gov)
  • While the usual daily recommendation for thiamin (vitamin B-1) is 1.1 to 1.2 milligrams a day for women and men respectively, the doses given to protect against mosquitos is around 300 milligrams a day. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Excess amounts are excreted in the urine and there is currently no evidence that high doses of B-1 taken orally is toxic. (medicalxpress.com)
  • 1 α ,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 [1 α ,25(OH) 2 D 3 ] is a potent antitumor agent in pre-clinical studies, but caused hypercalcemia when its effective antitumor doses were used. (hindawi.com)
  • Symptoms of vitamin D toxicity may include the following: Dehydration Vomiting Diarrhea Decreased appetite Irritability Constipation Fatigue Muscle weakness Metastatic calcification of the soft tissues Symptoms of vitamin D toxicity appear several months after excessive doses of vitamin D are administered. (wikipedia.org)
Progression15
  • The Role of Vitamin D Deficiency in the Incidence, Progression, and Complications of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. (diabetesincontrol.com)
  • Expression of the vitamin D-activating enzyme 1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) decreases during melanoma progression. (nih.gov)
  • In brief, 652 men and women with type 1 diabetes and 764 nondiabetic control subjects aged 19-56 years, with no history of CAD, were enrolled in a prospective follow-up of the development and progression of CAC. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Because of this known link, researchers from the Institute of Diabetes Research in Germany wondered if vitamin D levels in children with pre-type 1 diabetes may be related to progression to type 1 diabetes. (vitamindcouncil.org)
  • However, vitamin D deficiency was not associated with faster progression to type 1 diabetes in children with multiple islet autoantibodies. (vitamindcouncil.org)
  • Raab, J. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in pre-type 1 diabetes and its association with disease progression. (vitamindcouncil.org)
  • My impetus for starting this study is to determine if modulating inflammation and immunity could halt, or at least delay, the progression of type 1 diabetes. (news-medical.net)
  • If combination omega-3 and vitamin D therapy is able to delay progression or halt autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes, this is expected to result in retention of insulin secretion, minimal use of exogenous insulin, and improved metabolic control thus minimizing the risks associated with unstable blood glucose levels,' Dr. Ricordi said. (news-medical.net)
  • Vitamin D deficiency is associated with HIV/AIDS progression and mortality. (pnas.org)
  • Vitamin D may be a simple, cost-effective intervention, particularly in resource-poor settings, to reduce HIV-1 risk and disease progression. (pnas.org)
  • This coexistent environmental and phenotypic scenario puts residents at risk for vitamin D deficiency, which may potentiate HIV-1 disease progression. (pnas.org)
  • Vitamin D is recognized as having diverse physiological and immunomodulatory functions, and deficiency is associated with a range of communicable and noncommunicable diseases, including HIV/AIDS progression and mortality ( 1 , 2 ). (pnas.org)
  • Furthermore they also determined whether vitamin D deficiency influences the progression to type 1 diabetes in children with multiple islet autoantibodies. (bio-medicine.org)
  • MART-10 is also much more potent in arresting MCF-7cell cycle progression at G 0 /G 1 phase as compared to 1 α ,25(OH) 2 D 3 , possibly mediated by a greater induction of p21 and p27 expression. (hindawi.com)
  • We will review the different mechanisms of the vitamin D protective effect against insulitis and present the available data on the role of vitamin D deficiency in the control, progression, and complications of T1D. (nih.gov)
Immune system14
  • Since vitamin D is related to immune system regulation and increased autoimmunity, it is a potential contender in T1DM prevention. (diabetesincontrol.com)
  • 24. A method of treating a disease having by an imbalance in the immune system comprising administering to a patient with said disease an effective amount of a compound as claimed in claim 1 . (google.com)
  • Provides 50 mcg (2,000 IU) of vitamin D3 per serving, which helps support your bones, muscles and immune system. (naturemade.com)
  • Islet autoimmunity is a process wherein the immune system mistakingly attacks the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas, causing type 1 diabetes. (com.pk)
  • In type 1 diabetes, the immune system launches an attack on pancreatic cells called the Islets of Langerhans - which are often referred to as islets. (com.pk)
  • Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks your body's own beta-cells in the pancreas preventing them from producing insulin. (vitamindcouncil.org)
  • These include an effect on the immune system cell differentiation and the interaction of macrophages and monocytes and regulation of lymphocyte activity [ 1 ]. (medsci.org)
  • Recently, evidence has emerged that vitamin D also enhances the function of the innate immune system by stimulating the formation of the cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide [ 5 ]. (medsci.org)
  • Besides bone health, vitamin D plays a role in the function of the immune system and helps to reduce inflammation . (diabetesselfmanagement.com)
  • SUPPORT HEALTHY DIGESTION with 1 BILLION CFU PROBIOTICS - These one a day dog vitamins in the form of a delicious soft chew, contain probiotics and pumpkin that support healthy digestion, a normal immune system response and support absorption of nutrients. (amazon.com)
  • IMMUNE SYSTEM SUPPORT + HEART HEALTH with VITAMINS A, C AND D3 - A blend of vitamins and nutrients with antioxidant properties that also help promote a healthy inflammatory response, support the immune system and cardiovascular health. (amazon.com)
  • [1] , [2] Vitamin E also is important for a healthy functioning immune system, and deficiency can play a role in declining immune function, particularly with age. (allergyresearchgroup.com)
  • The protective effect that vitamin E has on cellular membranes also is critically important for the cells of the immune system. (allergyresearchgroup.com)
  • Vitamin C is an essential antioxidant that supports healthy immune system function, teeth, and gum tissue health, and the body's natural defense system. (carlsonlabs.com)
Absorption7
  • The hyaluronic acid works with vitamin C, promoting vitamin C absorption and hydrating the skin by maintaining moisture. (westfield.com)
  • Alcoholics exhibit another B-1 deficiency syndrome (Wernicke-Korsakoff), because they often replace food intake with alcohol while decreasing the absorption of B-complex vitamins. (fsu.edu)
  • VITAMIN ABSORPTION Nutrients from food, vitamins included, are absorbed in your body by your small intestines. (scribd.com)
  • Gastrointestinal disorders can affect the absorption of vitamins. (scribd.com)
  • Depending on the severity, this lack of absorption can cause vitamin deficiencies. (scribd.com)
  • Vitamin K oil has been dispersed into microscopic particles to aid with absorption and assimilation. (birthwithlove.com)
  • Solgar use naturally derived vitamins for optimal absorption and utilisation in the body. (vitahealth.co.nz)
Supplement6
  • Vitamin D is also present in some foods - including fatty fish, cheese, and egg yolks - and it is available as a dietary supplement. (com.pk)
  • As always, please consult with a licensed doctor or physician before starting any diet, exercise or supplement program, before taking any vitamin or medication, or if you have or suspect you might have a problem. (evitamins.com)
  • Of course, vitamin D is available as a dietary supplement as well. (diabetesselfmanagement.com)
  • If the primary source of a B vitamin is a supplement (e.g. (nap.edu)
  • Quantity: 90 Lozenges Suggested Use: As a dietary supplement, take 1 acid neutralizer lozenge(s) 2 to 3 times daily or as needed, approximately 1 hour after meals. (smarthealthshop.com)
  • The study followed over 35,000 men in the United States, Puerto Rico, and Canada, who were assigned randomly to receive either both a selenium and vitamin E supplement, selenium and placebo, vitamin E and placebo, or two placebos. (wikipedia.org)
Deficiencies4
  • A case-control study completed in Qatar looking at both Type 1 diabetic and non-diabetic children with deficiencies in vitamin D found that 90.6% of the Type 1 patients were deficient compared to 85.3% on non-diabetics. (diabetesincontrol.com)
  • A pilot study completed looking at both Type 1 and 2 diabetics comparing vitamin D deficiencies found a greater prevalence of the deficiency in the Type 2 diabetics. (diabetesincontrol.com)
  • This question not only applies to niacin, but other known deficiencies, including vitamin A (causing blindness in Africa), vitamin D (contributing to osteoporosis and other diseases), magnesium,iron, zinc, iodine, and omega 3 oils. (wisdom-magazine.com)
  • These studies show that intrarenal vitamin D handling is altered in the diabetic kidney, and they suggest that in T1D, urinary losses of VDBP may portend risk for intrarenal and extrarenal vitamin D deficiencies. (hindawi.com)
Nutrients9
  • Interestingly, state liquor laws usually prohibit adding vitamins and other nutrients to alcohol products because of a historic separation of foods and spirits dating back to Prohibition. (fsu.edu)
  • In special cases where a person cannot absorb vitamins and nutrients due to gastrointestinal issues, doctors will administer injections of vitamins intravenously. (scribd.com)
  • Our Cal-Mag 1:1 with Vitamin D3 supports bone and nervous system health by providing these essential nutrients. (baldwins.co.uk)
  • D-glucarate is one of these phyto-nutrients that protects against cancer-causing agents in a way that is separate and apart from the beneficial effects of antioxidants (vitamins C, E, cysteine, etc,) and methylation-enhancing agents (folic acid, vitamin B12 and TMG). (lifeextension.com)
  • The very reason we have recommended guidelines like this is because numerous studies have shown that a certain level of nutrients such as vitamin E is necessary. (allergyresearchgroup.com)
  • Youngevity Beyond Tangy Tangerine 2.0 Powder is the most advanced multi-vitamin mineral complex to date that provides you the highest quality essential nutrients that your body needs for optimal health. (vitahealth.co.nz)
  • Thompson's Junior Immunofort is a unique blend of vitamins, minerals, and nutrients to help support children's immune systems. (vitahealth.co.nz)
  • Kids Smart Vita Gummies Multi Vitamin + Vegies combines a multivitamin and vegetable powders to help support the intake of essential nutrients for kids healthy growth and development. (vitahealth.co.nz)
  • Radiance Kids Gummies Multi-Vitamin provide a synergistic blend of vitamins and essential nutrients in a great tasting, 99.9% sugar-free, bear-shaped gummie that children will enjoy, and will help bridge the gap between what the body needs and their. (vitahealth.co.nz)
Prevalence of vitamin D deficien2
  • Through the studies completed in humans it has been found that there is a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Type 1 diabetic patients which suggests a contributory role in pathogenesis to Type 1 diabetes. (diabetesincontrol.com)
  • Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in South Asia. (cdc.gov)
Reduced form1
  • Warfarin inhibits vitamin K reductase, the enzyme responsible for reducing vitamin K. The reduced form of vitamin K is used by the liver to make blood clotting factors. (medicinenet.com)
20001
  • Over 50 years ago, two-time Nobel Laureate Linus Pauling concluded that we need at least 2000 mg of vitamin C per day (some need much more! (wisdom-magazine.com)
Phytonadione2
  • Phytonadione is a synthetic form of vitamin K that is chemically identically to the naturally occurring vitamin K. Vitamin K is found in many foods from both plant and animal sources. (medicinenet.com)
  • Vitamin K is necessary for the production of clotting factors in the liver including active prothrombin (factory II), proconvertin (factor VII), plasma thromboplastin component (factor IX), and Stuart factor (factor X). The FDA approved phytonadione 1940. (medicinenet.com)
Thiamine4
  • Thiamine was the first B vitamin that scientists discovered. (healthline.com)
  • Make sure you consult your doctor before starting a vitamin regimen, especially when using thiamine to treat a deficiency. (healthline.com)
  • As a B-complex vitamin, thiamine is soluble in water and in the body, supplies are rapidly depleted, and must be replaced regularly. (fsu.edu)
  • Other vitamins such as vitamin C, thiamine and folate are not as resilient. (scribd.com)
Potency1
  • Pink Women's Multi 1 is a high potency, one-per-day multi with 18 mg of iron and is formulated just for women. (nutritionexpress.com)
Niacin3
  • While scientists aren't yet sure of the exact recipe, they think radiation-blasted ice powered the chemical reactions that produced vitamin B3, or niacin, early in the solar system's history. (abovetopsecret.com)
  • Some researchers think impacts on early Earth could have delivered chemicals essential for life, such as amino acids and vitamins like niacin. (abovetopsecret.com)
  • Niacin, or Vitamin B3, has been mis understood and under appreciated since its discovery in the 1930's. (wisdom-magazine.com)
Sunlight6
  • Vitamin D3, also called cholecalciferol, is the form of vitamin D the body naturally makes from sunlight. (reference.com)
  • Cholecalciferol (vitamin D) is a fat-soluble nutrient that is manufactured in the skin through the action of sunlight. (blackmores.com.au)
  • At root: many live at latitudes they didn't evolve to live in given their skin color (darker skin is more resistant to sunlight and vitamin D synthesis as an evolutionary protection adaptation). (freetheanimal.com)
  • One could claim breast milk is not supposed to have vitamin D in it, and that primitive man was supposed to expose newborns to sunlight. (freetheanimal.com)
  • Khan AH , Iqbal R . Vitamin D deficiency in an ample sunlight country. (cdc.gov)
  • Excessive exposure to sunlight poses no risk in vitamin D toxicity through overproduction of vitamin D precursor, cholecalciferol, regulating vitamin D production. (wikipedia.org)
Circulating vitamin D metabolite1
  • No circulating vitamin D metabolite was associated with risk of impaired GFR or hypertension. (biomedsearch.com)
Ascorbic2
  • Glycerin Caprylyl Glycol Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) Polyglyceryl-10 Caprylate Caprate and Benzyl Alcohol. (evitamins.com)
  • A pound of pure Vitamin C (ascorbic acid). (thewolfeclinic.com)
Minerals5
  • 10 BENEFITS IN 1 DAILY TREAT - PetHonesty's 10-For-1 Multivitamin soft chew treats combine a blend essential vitamins, fatty acids and minerals including glucosamine, probiotics, vitamins and omegas, for dogs' overall daily health. (amazon.com)
  • Each capsule contains the vitamins and minerals you need for longer, stronger hair, including our exclusive Capilsana® Complex - a blend of amino acids in Hydrolyzed Collagen, MSM, Horsetail and Silica. (hairfinity.com)
  • No analysis was done on what combinations of vitamins and minerals were actually consumed, and no analysis of the cause of death was done beyond grouping for "cancer," "cardiovascular disease," or "other" - there was certainly no causative analysis done. (prohealth.com)
  • Nature's Way Multi-Vitamin Vita Gummies contains multiple vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants to help promote everyday health, energy, and wellbeing. (vitahealth.co.nz)
  • Bee pollen is a superior source of natural amino acids, vitamins and minerals, providing. (vitahealth.co.nz)
Pathway4
  • The study also aimed to identify whether gene variations in the vitamin D pathway alter the effect of 25(OH)D on IA. (diabetesincontrol.com)
  • A major pathway for inactivation of vitamin D is 23S-hydroxylation of 25-hydroxy vitamin D 3 (Tanaka et al, Biochemistry 20, 3875-3879, 1981) and its subsequent conversion to 25R-hydroxy-26,23S-lactone (Tanaka et al, Proc. (freepatentsonline.com)
  • Efforts to clarify genetic susceptibility and screening for environmental factors have identified the vitamin D system as a contributory pathway that is potentially correctable. (mdpi.com)
  • In addition to this pathway, 1,25(OH)2 Vitamin D undergoes 24-hydroxylation to produce 1,24,25-trihydroxyvitamin D. This compound has less biological activity than its parent and this metabolic route is considered as a minor pathway. (biovendor.com)
Metabolites2
  • Circulating vitamin D metabolites and kidney disease in type 1 diabetes. (biomedsearch.com)
  • OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to test associations of circulating vitamin D metabolites with risks of incident microalbuminuria, impaired glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and hypertension in type 1 diabetes. (biomedsearch.com)
Tablet4
  • Each coated tablet makes it easy-to-swallow and delivers 250mg of Thiamin (Vitamin B1). (vitaminworld.com)
  • An outstanding source of nourishment for both your blood and bones, each convenient tablet delivers 100 mcg of vitamin K. (swansonvitamins.com)
  • Low allergy formula Great tasting animal-shaped chewable tablet Natural flavour Benefits Vitamins include. (vitahealth.co.nz)
  • 1 tablet 1 to 3 times daily. (betterlife.com)
Sufficient8
  • In children with 2 minor alleles and sufficient vitamin D, 59% had a lower risk of IA compared to insufficient children. (diabetesincontrol.com)
  • We must eat a variety of food to ensure we get sufficient vitamins as the body cannot make enough vitamins to maintain proper health. (scribd.com)
  • Once the deficiency is addressed and the person gets sufficient amounts of the vitamin they are lacking, good health will be restored again. (scribd.com)
  • Type 1 diabetes is a condition in which the body fails to produce sufficient amounts of insulin, which is the hormone that regulates blood glucose levels. (com.pk)
  • However, when the researchers followed those with pre-type 1 diabetes for the median of 5.8 years, it didn't matter if you were sufficient or deficient in vitamin D at baseline, people from both groups were equally likely to develop type 1 diabetes. (vitamindcouncil.org)
  • Without sufficient vitamin K, blood would not clot, and severe bleeding would ensue. (lifeextension.com)
  • Meeting the recommended intake for the B vitamins and choline would not necessarily be sufficient for individuals who are already malnourished. (nap.edu)
  • The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) is the average daily dietary intake level that is sufficient to meet the nutrient requirement of nearly all (97 to 98 percent) healthy individuals in a particular life stage and gender group (see Figure 1-1 ). (nap.edu)
Dosage3
Deficiency is associated3
  • Researchers out of Germany have found that vitamin D deficiency is associated with high presence of autoantibodies in children with pre-type 1 diabetes. (vitamindcouncil.org)
  • We examined the hypothesis that vitamin D deficiency is associated with microvascular complications in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Gibney KB , MacGregor L , Leder K , Torresi J , Marshall C , Ebeling PR , Vitamin D deficiency is associated with tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection in immigrants from sub-Saharan Africa. (cdc.gov)
Orally administered vitamin2
  • No cases have been reported so far during the existent regimen: 2 mg at birth and 1 mg weekly orally administered vitamin K during the first 3 months of life, given to at least 163,000 infants. (birthwithlove.com)
  • In contrast, orally administered vitamin D produces rapid hepatic delivery of vitamin D and increases plasma calcifediol. (wikipedia.org)
Magnesium2
  • If I had my choice for longevity between vitamin D, C, B12, B6, magnesium etc and opiates I know which one I would take. (prohealth.com)
  • Magnesium Powder contains B vitamins to support. (vitahealth.co.nz)
CYP27B14
  • CYP27B1 transforms 25(OH)D to 1,25(OH)2D. (diabetesincontrol.com)
  • 1α-Hydroxylase (CYP27B1), the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of the biologically active form of vitamin D (1,25(OH)(2)D(3)), is expressed in the skin. (nih.gov)
  • 1- α hydroxylase (CYP27B1) mRNA in the kidney was persistently increased in diabetic mice, as were several vitamin D-target genes. (hindawi.com)
  • In addition to the previously reported association between type 1 diabetes and CYP27B1 ( P = 1.4 × 10 −4 ), we obtained consistent evidence of type 1 diabetes being associated with DHCR7 ( P = 1.2 × 10 −3 ) and CYP2R1 ( P = 3.0 × 10 −3 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
20201
  • For the 2020 holiday season, returnable items shipped between October 1 and December 31 can be returned until January 31, 2021. (amazon.com)
Receptor6
  • 25[OH]D is the major circulating form of vitamin D and the precursor of the active form 1,25[OH]D. This active form binds in the circulation to vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP), to be transported to target organs where it mediates its biological effects by binding to the vitamin D receptor (VDR). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Genome-Wide Perspectives on Vitamin D Receptor-Meditated Control of Gene Expression in Target Cells 10. (indigo.ca)
  • Liu PT , Stenger S , Li H , Wenzel L , Tan BH , Krutzik SR , Toll-like receptor triggering of a vitamin D-mediated human antimicrobial response. (cdc.gov)
  • 1 α ,25(OH) 2 D 3 exerts its effects through binding to vitamin D receptor (VDR). (hindawi.com)
  • The receptor is expressed in most human cancer cell lines and its growth can be inhibited by 1 α ,25(OH) 2 D 3 [ 10 - 14 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • In type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D), it plays an immunomodulatory role through the vitamin D receptor (VDR) present on pancreatic and immune cells. (nih.gov)
Intake10
  • Face-to-face interviews were based on a questionnaire that included variables such as socio-demographic information, assessment of non-dietary covariates, assessment of dietary intake, vitamin D intake, type of feeding, clinical manifestations and laboratory investigations. (springer.com)
  • Vitamin D intake was very poor in children and it shows that supplementing infants with vitamin D might be a safe and effective strategy for reducing the risk of T1DM. (springer.com)
  • Research shows that low vitamin D intake during pregnancy increases risk of type 1 diabetes in offspring, and low intake of vitamin D during early childhood also increases risk. (vitamindcouncil.org)
  • Seasonal decline in UVB radiation, darkly pigmented skin, low nutritional vitamin D intake, and genetic variation can increase risk of deficiency. (pnas.org)
  • Many health experts are even claiming that the recommended intake for vitamin is too low. (diabetesselfmanagement.com)
  • Four years ago, Dr. Ames published research indicating that optimum intake of vitamin K plays an important role in longevity. (lifeextension.com)
  • A new 2014 study on vitamin K confirms that ample vitamin K intake can indeed help you live longer. (lifeextension.com)
  • 2 In a group of more than 7,000 people at high risk for cardiovascular disease, people with the highest intake of vitamin K were 36% less likely to die from any cause at all , compared with those having the lowest intake. (lifeextension.com)
  • B 12 for the elderly), a higher percentage of the vitamin may be absorbed and so a smaller intake may be required. (nap.edu)
  • This raises questions regarding the effects of vitamin D intake on atherosclerotic calcification and cardiovascular risk as it may be causing vascular calcification. (wikipedia.org)
Concentrations3
  • We measured plasma concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D by mass spectrometry at the end of the DCCT and tested associations with incident microalbuminuria, impaired GFR, and hypertension over up to 16 yr of EDIC follow-up. (biomedsearch.com)
  • Low concentrations of 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, but not 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, were also associated with increased risk of microalbuminuria. (biomedsearch.com)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Low plasma concentrations of 25(OH)D and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D are associated with increased risk of microalbuminuria in type 1 diabetes. (biomedsearch.com)
Hydroxy7
  • 3. A method for preparing 23,23-difluoro-1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D 3 which comprises subjecting 23,23-difluoro-25-hydroxy-vitamin D 3 to in vitro enzymatic hydroxylation at carbon 1 in the molecule by incubating said 23,23-difluoro-25-hydroxy-vitamin D 3 with a homogenate prepared from kidney tissue of vitamin D-deficient chickens. (freepatentsonline.com)
  • For example, the vitamin is first hydroxylated in the liver to form 25-hydroxy-vitamin D 3 and is further hydroxylated in the kidney to produce 1α,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D 3 or 24,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D 3 . (freepatentsonline.com)
  • What are the normal levels for D3 and Vitamin D 1,25 hydroxy? (reference.com)
  • Megalin is involved in the uptake of the vitamin-D-binding protein (VDBP)/25-hydroxy vitamin D3 (25-OHD) complex from the glomerular filtrate, where it is endocytosed by the proximal tubule. (hindawi.com)
  • Preparation of the novel 1α-hydroxy Vitamin D 4 starts from ergosterol which is converted in six steps to 22,23-dihydroergosterol. (google.com)
  • 22,23-dihydroergosterol was irradiated to yield Vitamin D 4 which was converted in four steps to 1α-hydroxy Vitamin D 4 using a cyclovitamin procedure which produced the novel intermediates, Vitamin D 4 tosylate, 3,5 cyclovitamin D 4 and 1α-hydroxy cyclovitamin D 4 . (google.com)
  • More specifically, this invention relates to novel 1α-hydroxy Vitamin D 4 and novel intermediates used in its synthesis, novel 1,25 dihydroxy Vitamin D 4 and novel 1,24 dihydroxy Vitamin D 4 . (google.com)
Folate3
  • Meet the pregnancy super-nutrient: folic acid (called folate in food form) - the B-9 vitamin you'll want to add to your plate throughout your nine months. (whattoexpect.com)
  • Aside from the 400 mcg in your daily prenatal vitamin, you can get ample amounts of folate from oranges, strawberries, green leafy vegetables, fortified breakfast cereals, beans, nuts, cauliflower and beets. (whattoexpect.com)
  • You'll also get B vitamins (average 25 mg) including 400 mcg DFE folate (240 mcg folic acid), biotin (600 mcg), silica, grape seed extract and more! (nutritionexpress.com)
Onset6
  • It was also found through the research on mice that early administration of vitamin D in combination with cyclosporine A while in a pre-diabetic state can prevent the onset of diabetes. (diabetesincontrol.com)
  • Epidemiological studies suggest a link between vitamin D deficiency in early life and the later onset of type 1 diabetes. (springer.com)
  • While type 1 diabetes can occur at any age, onset is most common in childhood. (com.pk)
  • Pre-type 1 diabetes describes a condition just before the onset of type 1 diabetes. (vitamindcouncil.org)
  • A Danish surveillance group established after the introduction of oral vitamin K prophylaxis monitored Danish cases with late onset vitamin K deficiency bleeding by regular questionnaires to all paediatric departments. (birthwithlove.com)
  • Vitamin D deficiency precedes the onset of type 1 diabetes. (bio-medicine.org)
Bone12
  • 7. A method of treating metabolic bone disease where it is desired to maintain or increase bone mass comprising administering to a patient with said disease an effective amount of a compound as claimed in claim 1 . (google.com)
  • Individuals with Vitamin D deficiency may experience a loss of bone density, increased risk of broken bones, muscle weakness and the bone-thinning disease osteoporosis, caution medical experts at Hormone Health Network. (reference.com)
  • Vitamin D: Volume One: Biochemistry, Physiology and Diagnostics, Fourth Edition, presents the latest information from international experts in endocrinology, bone biology and human physiology, taking readers through the basic research of vitamin D. (indigo.ca)
  • Miracles aside for a moment, one of vitamin D's main roles in the body is to help maintain bone health. (diabetesselfmanagement.com)
  • We also need vitamin D for normal bone growth. (diabetesselfmanagement.com)
  • You've probably heard of rickets, a bone disease that occurs in children due to a deficiency of this vitamin. (diabetesselfmanagement.com)
  • Vitamin K status is important in bone health, and recent research has linked it to cardiovascular health as well. (birthwithlove.com)
  • Only 4.3 and 18.6% of type 1 diabetic patients reached optimal levels (≥75 nmol/L) of 25(OH)D for bone health in the winter and summer, respectively. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Vitamin D is essential for bone and muscle development and the prevention of osteoporosis. (sunsmart.com.au)
  • Less than one quarter of Victorians knew that vitamin D is important for bone health. (sunsmart.com.au)
  • Based on our in vitro findings, MART-10 could be a promising vitamin D analog for the potential treatment of breast cancer, for example, ER+ patients, to decrease the tumor relapse rate and the side effect on bone caused by antihormone regimens. (hindawi.com)
  • In the liver, Vitamin D is hydroxylated on carbon 25 to produce the intermediate 25OH Vitamin D. 25OH Vitamin D is further metabolized before it can carry out the functions of Vitamin D on intestine, kidneys, bone and other organs and tissues. (biovendor.com)
Tocopherol2
  • Of the vitamin E family, α-tocopherol is the isoform with the most research backing its use. (allergyresearchgroup.com)
  • The tocopherol forms of vitamin E have been known for far longer than the tocotrienols , hence they predominate research. (allergyresearchgroup.com)
Precursor1
  • Folic Acid and Vitamin B12 are essential B vitamins that have related functions as co enzymes in various precursor-DNA and amino acid reactions. (crohns.net)
Nutrition3
  • Learn about the role of vitamins in nutrition, appearance, fitness, sex life and career. (stahuj.cz)
  • A recent study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition ​ ​ found a link between omega-3 levels and B vitamins against age-related brain wasting (atrophy). (nutraingredients.com)
  • Quinn on Nutrition: Does vitamin B-1 repel mosquitos? (medicalxpress.com)
Antioxidant6
  • Loaded with essential vitamin C, the powerful antioxidant takes charge of free radicals and repairs damaged skin while lifting and toning. (westfield.com)
  • From the B vitamins to vitamin E, the potential brain health benefits of tocopherols and tocotrienols are linked predominantly to their antioxidant effects, which play a key role protecting membranes for oxidation, and omega-3 fatty acids from peroxidation. (nutraingredients.com)
  • The Vitamin E Family is well known throughout the world for its antioxidant capabilities. (vitasprings.com)
  • Potent antioxidant L-Absorbic acid (the purest form of Vitamin C) helps to even skin tone & continuously brighten while helping to defend against free radicals & provide antioxidant benefits. (cvs.com)
  • Vitamins A and D promote healthy hair and scalp with their antioxidant properties. (hairfinity.com)
  • Many are familiar with the antioxidant principles of the vitamin E family, and their importance for the protection of cellular membranes and prevention of cholesterol oxidation . (allergyresearchgroup.com)
Biologically active1
  • This invention relates to biologically active Vitamin D 4 compounds. (google.com)
Deficient in vitamin1
  • Research done on diabetic mice has found that mice deficient in vitamin D were at a higher risk of developing diabetes. (diabetesincontrol.com)
Islet13
  • Some studies have failed to find a relation between childhood dietary vitamin D and islet autoimmunity (IA). (diabetesincontrol.com)
  • Researchers found that children with low blood levels of vitamin D were more likely to experience islet autoimmunity, compared with those who had higher levels of the vitamin. (com.pk)
  • Lead study author Jill Norris, PhD, of the Colorado School of Public Health at CU Anschutz in Aurora, CO, and colleagues say that their study is the first to show that higher levels of vitamin D may help to prevent islet autoimmunity. (com.pk)
  • Specifically, they investigated whether or not vitamin D levels in childhood affect islet autoimmunity. (com.pk)
  • For several years," notes Dr. Norris, "there has been controversy among scientists about whether vitamin D lowers the risk of developing of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes. (com.pk)
  • In pre-type 1 diabetes, multiple islet autoantibodies begin to develop. (vitamindcouncil.org)
  • Children with islet autoantibodies can develop type 1 diabetes in a few months or it may take up to 20 years after autoantibodies appear. (vitamindcouncil.org)
  • The researchers measured and compared the vitamin D levels in 108 children who developed islet autoantibodies in the last 2 years, 244 children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes, and 406 children with a family history of type 1 diabetes but no signs of islet autoantibodies. (vitamindcouncil.org)
  • The researchers then followed the 108 children with islet autoantibodies for a median of 5.8 years to track type 1 diabetes diagnoses. (vitamindcouncil.org)
  • The researchers found that vitamin D deficiency was more common in children with islet autoantibodies compared to children without islet autoantibodies. (vitamindcouncil.org)
  • Vitamin D levels were lower in children with multiple islet autoantibodies and in children with type 1 diabetes than in autoantibody-negative children," the researchers stated. (vitamindcouncil.org)
  • Scientists from the Institute of Diabetes Research (IDF) and the Helmholtz Zentrum Mnchen, a member of the German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), as well as from the Diabetes Research Group at the Technische Universitt Mnchen (TUM) examined whether a vitamin D deficiency occurs during an early stage of type 1 diabetes, defined by the presence of multiple diabetes-specific islet autoantibodies. (bio-medicine.org)
  • The team of scientists headed by Jennifer Raab, Dr. Christiane Winkler and Professor Anette-Gabriele Ziegler compared the vitamin D measurements taken from 108 children who were tested positive for islet autoantibodies with 406 children without autoantibodies. (bio-medicine.org)
Dose10
  • administer 1 mg/dose/day intramuscularly (into the muscle) or subcutaneously (into the fatty tissue). (medicinenet.com)
  • Even with this data there is no dose of vitamin D that is recommended to decrease the incidence of Type 1 diabetes. (diabetesincontrol.com)
  • Your daily dose of skin-boosting vitamins to prep your skin, while tackling multiple skin concerns. (target.com)
  • How do you calculate a Vitamin D3 dose? (reference.com)
  • The daily recommended dose of vitamin D for males and females ages 1 to 70 is 600 international units a day, according to WebMD. (reference.com)
  • Several scientific reports have suggested that the use of high-dose omega-3 and vitamin D, both of which have known anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, may offer a potential beneficial effect on autoimmune conditions, like type 1 diabetes. (news-medical.net)
  • Vitamin E at levels of 200 and 400 IU/kg diet led to no significant effects on mutagenesis although a small decrease in the MF was observed in all tissues at the higher dose. (nih.gov)
  • All cases occurred among an estimated 134,500 infants given a single oral 1 mg vitamin K dose at birth. (birthwithlove.com)
  • Serving Size: 1 Lozenge Caution: Do no t ex ceed recommended dose. (smarthealthshop.com)
  • We demonstrate that MART-10 is 500- to 1000-fold more potent than 1 α ,25(OH) 2 D 3 in inhibiting cell growth in a dose- and time-dependent manner. (hindawi.com)
Folic1
  • Folic Acid and Vitamin B12 help the body breakdown and utilize proteins. (crohns.net)
Type 1 diabetic2
  • There was higher prevalence of Type 1 diabetic patients in those who had a vitamin D deficiency. (diabetesincontrol.com)
  • RESULTS Type 1 diabetic patients have lower circulating levels of 25(OH)D than similarly aged subjects from the British population. (diabetesjournals.org)
Herbs3
  • Collagen Herbal Mist is a refreshing cool mist that leaves a layer of moisturizing collagen, essential vitamins, balancing herbs, free radical scavengers, and soothing aloe vera on skin and hair to keep them hydrate and revitalized. (vitasprings.com)
  • Refreshing cool mist leaves a layer of moisturizing collagen, essential vitamins, balancing herbs, free radical scavengers, and soothing aloe vera to keep kin moist and healthy-looking. (vitasprings.com)
  • Citizens owning personal inventories of "unapproved drugs" (vitamins and herbs) may have their homes raided at gunpoint and their inventories confiscated by armed law enforcement agents. (abovetopsecret.com)
Anti-oxidant2
  • Anti-oxidant vitamins A‚ C‚ and E combined with green tea and grape seed extracts help neutralize sun and environmental damage to keep skin firm and youthful. (pureformulas.com)
  • Vitamin E an anti-oxidant, plays a role in the body's ability to utilize oxygen. (zooscape.com)
Nutrient3
  • Vitamin K was first discovered in 1935, when it was found to be an essential nutrient to prevent abnormal bleeding in chickens. (lifeextension.com)
  • Swanson Premium Brand Vitamin K-1 is an effective, economical source of this vital nutrient. (swansonvitamins.com)
  • A nutrient approach to prostate cancer prevention: The Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT)" (PDF). (wikipedia.org)
Capsules1
Collagen5
  • Super Collagen™ is made up of the collagen peptides Type 1 & 3 which support collagen in skin, hair, nails, muscles, tendons, ligaments and bones. (vitaminworld.com)
  • Collagen & Vitamins. (vitasprings.com)
  • VitaSprings does not imply any medical claims from the customer reviews on this Refreshing Herbal Mist, With Collagen & Vitamins product on this website. (vitasprings.com)
  • Write a Review on this Refreshing Herbal Mist, With Collagen & Vitamins product and share your experience or opinion with other customers. (vitasprings.com)
  • Buy Refreshing Herbal Mist, With Collagen & Vitamins from NeoCell at VitaSprings, and we guarantee you a safe, secure online shopping experience! (vitasprings.com)
Sources of vitamin1
  • Rich sources of vitamin K 1 include green plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria. (harvard.edu)
Antioxidants2
  • The consumption of antioxidants (vitamin E, n-acetyl-cysteine, selenium, carotenoids, etc.) are essential to protect against toxic free radical reactions. (lifeextension.com)
  • Selenium and Vitamin E were chosen because they are well known antioxidants and had other mechanisms by which they were thought to prevent cancer, and preclinical and smaller clinical studies had yielded very promising results. (wikipedia.org)
Association between vitamin2
  • Observational studies in humans looking at the association between vitamin D and Type 1 diabetes found that there is a connection between vitamin D deficiency and Type 1 diabetes. (diabetesincontrol.com)
  • The aim of this matched case-control study was to find the association between vitamin D and T1DM then to study the difference in the level of vitamin D in T1DM and healthy subjects, and to determine the associated environmental risk factors in young Qatari population. (springer.com)
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