Biological activities of viruses and their interactions with the cells they infect.
Viruses whose genetic material is RNA.

Three-dimensional structure of AAA ATPase Vps4: advancing structural insights into the mechanisms of endosomal sorting and enveloped virus budding. (1/17)

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Epstein-Barr virus colonization of tonsillar and peripheral blood B-cell subsets in primary infection and persistence. (2/17)

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Ubiquitination, ubiquitin-like modifiers, and deubiquitination in viral infection. (3/17)

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Virus-host interactions: from systems biology to translational research. (4/17)

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Membrane-anchored HIV-1 N-heptad repeat peptides are highly potent cell fusion inhibitors via an altered mode of action. (5/17)

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Stochastic gene expression as a molecular switch for viral latency. (6/17)

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Nuclear entry of hepatitis B virus capsids involves disintegration to protein dimers followed by nuclear reassociation to capsids. (7/17)

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Virus movements on the plasma membrane support infection and transmission between cells. (8/17)

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I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Virus Physiological Processes" is not a widely recognized or established medical term or concept. Physiological processes typically refer to the functions and activities that occur within living organisms, like cells or organ systems. Viruses, however, are not considered alive in the traditional sense; they are obligate parasites that require host cells to replicate. Therefore, it's not typical to speak of physiological processes in relation to viruses.

If you have a more specific context or term related to virology or virus biology, I would be happy to help interpret or define that!

RNA viruses are a type of virus that contain ribonucleic acid (RNA) as their genetic material, as opposed to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). RNA viruses replicate by using an enzyme called RNA-dependent RNA polymerase to transcribe and replicate their RNA genome.

There are several different groups of RNA viruses, including:

1. Negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses: These viruses have a genome that is complementary to the mRNA and must undergo transcription to produce mRNA before translation can occur. Examples include influenza virus, measles virus, and rabies virus.
2. Positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses: These viruses have a genome that can serve as mRNA and can be directly translated into protein after entry into the host cell. Examples include poliovirus, rhinoviruses, and coronaviruses.
3. Double-stranded RNA viruses: These viruses have a genome consisting of double-stranded RNA and use a complex replication strategy involving both transcription and reverse transcription. Examples include rotaviruses and reoviruses.

RNA viruses are known to cause a wide range of human diseases, ranging from the common cold to more severe illnesses such as hepatitis C, polio, and COVID-19. Due to their high mutation rates and ability to adapt quickly to new environments, RNA viruses can be difficult to control and treat with antiviral drugs or vaccines.

The infection process is actually quite complicated with this virus. First the aphid must acquire the virus by feeding on a ... SED is believed to be a physiological disorder. The virus itself is an extremely small, nearly spherical particle with a ... 30-38 Plant viruses online - www.wsu.edu [5] [6] ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database: Potato leafroll virus Family Groups - ... This process takes several hours, after which time the aphid will continue to transmit the virus for its remaining life. This ...
IFITM proteins are involved in the physiological process of immune response signaling, germ cell maturation and development. ... These virus include flaviviruses (dengue virus and West Nile virus), filoviruses (Marburg virus and Ebola virus), coronaviruses ... "The IFITM proteins mediate cellular resistance to influenza A H1N1 virus, West Nile virus, and dengue virus". Cell. 139 (7): ... IFITM proteins also are able to inhibit several infection with other enveloped viruses that belong to different virus families ...
Hybridization is the process of complementary base pairs binding to form a double helix. Melting is the process by which the ... The hepatitis delta virus ribozyme is a well known example of a catalytic RNA with a pseudoknot in its active site. Though DNA ... can also form pseudoknots, they are generally not present in standard physiological conditions. Most methods for nucleic acid ... However, in zebrafish and other teleosts the RNA splicing process can still occur on certain genes in the absence of U2AF2. ...
Rescue of influenza A virus from recombinant DNA. Fodor E, Devenish L, Engelhardt OG, Palese P, Brownlee GG, GarcĂ­a-Sastre A. J ... Florey was a physiologist by training and was dedicated to the application of physiological and chemical methods to pathology. ... markedly speeding up the process of developing flu vaccines James L. Gowans: Gowans came to Oxford in 1948 and after getting a ... With Peter Palese and co-workers, developed the first "reverse genetics" system for influenza virus, ...
... these messengers and their targets regulate many fundamental pathophysiological cellular processes as diverse as Ebola virus ... By developing novel pharmacological, molecular and physiological approaches, he has demonstrated that ... has enhanced our understanding of how calcium as a ubiquitous cellular regulator may control a myriad of cellular processes ...
Several viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, use the protease activity of the TMPRSS2 protein in the process of entering cells. The ... Serine proteases are known to be involved in many physiological and pathological processes. This gene is up-regulated by ... Shen LW, Mao HJ, Wu YL, Tanaka Y, Zhang W (November 2017). "TMPRSS2: A potential target for treatment of influenza virus and ... The fact that TMPRSS2 has no known irreplaceable function makes it a promising target for preventing SARS-CoV-2 virus ...
This process appears crucial for both adhesion, migration and phagocytosis, three functions in which CD93 may be involved. In ... but failed to demonstrate a direct interaction between CD93 and C1q under physiological conditions. Recently it has been shown ... clearance of apoptotic cells or neutralisation of virus. Strikingly, it has been shown that anti-C1qRp significantly reduced ... CD93 is a C-type lectin transmembrane receptor which plays a role not only in cell-cell adhesion processes but also in host ...
It is often caused by sexually transmitted infections, such as gonorrhea, or viruses which will not grow in bacterial cultures ... However, there are many known causes, including systemic or infectious disease, structural and physiological reasons, intrinsic ... Its occurrence is also associated with certain disease processes, such as Kawasaki disease and genitourinary tuberculosis. ...
Physiological processes within the plant can contribute highly to spoilage. Natural transpiration causes water loss and results ... Sweet potatoes are susceptible to a number of species of fungi, bacteria and virus. Infection can result in the production of ... Damage to tubers by physical and physiological means can increase the chance of pathological infection and pest infestation. ... Drying removes moisture, reduces bacterial growth, and inhibits metabolic processes and enzymatic decomposition. Curing is a ...
Once inside the plant, the virus begins to replicate and assemble new virions. This process requires significant metabolic ... the strain of the virus, and environmental conditions, and can be confused with other disease or physiological disorders. ... Barley yellow dwarf virus kerII Barley yellow dwarf virus kerIII Barley yellow dwarf virus MAV Barley yellow dwarf virus PAS ... The virus is actively transported into the accessory salivary gland to be released into salivary canals and ducts. The virus is ...
... involves the study of (patho-) physiological processes with methods from biology and physiology. Approaches range ... from the molecular mechanisms of cystic fibrosis to the population dynamics of the HIV virus, from the understanding of ... This process is done by first preparing an agarose gel. This jelly-like sheet will have wells for DNA to be poured into. An ... During this process, the DNA denatures in the alkaline solution and is carried upwards to the nitrocellulose paper. The paper ...
... and as a model to examine some macrophage-related physiological processes, for example the macrophage cholesterol efflux. ... THP-1 cells are of human origin, and no evidence has been found for the presence of infectious viruses or toxic products. The ... as well as a models to study the monocyte-macrophage differentiation process, ...
Through this process, a virus causes harmful transformations of an in vivo cell or cell culture. The term can also be ... Physiological changes include the insufficient movement of ions, formation of secondary messengers, and activation of cellular ... and T-cell Leukemia virus type I. As many as 20% of human tumors are caused by viruses. Some such viruses that are commonly ... This process is in contrast to the lytic cycle where a virus only uses the host cell's replication machinery to replicate ...
Since its discovery, AP-1 has been found to be associated with numerous regulatory and physiological processes, and new ... The AP-1 subunit Jun was identified as a novel oncoprotein of avian sarcoma virus, and Fos-associated p39 protein was ... In particular, c-Fos and c-Jun seem to be major players in these processes. C-jun has been shown to be essential for fibroblast ... The process of skin metabolism is initiated by signals that trigger undifferentiated proliferative cells to undergo cell ...
ESA Monitoring Latent Virus Reactivation and Shedding in Crewmembers (VIRUS) - ESA PAthway DIfferent ACtivators (PADIAC) - ESA ... ESA Physiological parameters that predict orthostatic intolerance after spaceflight (AORTA) - ESA Physiological parameters that ... PROCESS) Resistance of lichens and lithic fungi at space conditions (LIFE) Resistance of spacecraft isolates to outer space for ... Monitoring Latent Virus Reactivation and Shedding in Crewmembers (VIRUS) PAthway DIfferent ACtivators (PADIAC) Role of ...
... which are essentially the same physiological process. (However, 'toning' implies moderate muscle definition, whereas 'building ... fitness training can improve immune response and strengthen the body's natural defenses against COVID-19 and other viruses. ... Diet itself helps to increase calorie burning by boosting metabolism, a process further enhanced while gaining more lean muscle ... Diet itself helps to increase calorie burning by boosting metabolism, a process further enhanced while gaining more lean muscle ...
Natural process by which life arises from non-living matter History of life - Processes by which organisms evolved on Earth ... The study of ancient viruses Timeline of paleontology - Timeline of notable events in the sudy of ancient life Systematics - ... Non-monophyletic grouping of organisms united by morphological or physiological characteristics Lineage (evolution) - Sequence ... Process that fits organisms to their environment Adaptive radiation - A process in which organisms diversify rapidly from an ...
Oncology - study of cancer processes, including virus or mutation, oncogenesis, angiogenesis and tissues remoldings. Systems ... Behavioral neuroscience - study of physiological, genetic, and developmental mechanisms of behavior in humans and other animals ... primates marsupial monotreme Viruses DNA viruses - RNA viruses - retroviruses Plant body Organ systems: root - shoot - stem - ... with a focus on the neural substrates of mental processes. Computational neuroscience - study of the information processing ...
... have shown that the manipulation of pectinesterase expression can influence numerous physiological processes. In plants, ... virus movement protein and it has been shown that this interaction is required for cell-to-cell translocation of the virus. ...
Antiretroviral drugs can disrupt the virus's replication process causing its numbers to decrease dramatically. While the virus ... EuResist started in 2006 as a consortium funded by the European Union as part of the Virtual Physiological Human FP-6 framework ... Since this process is lengthy and costly, computerized systems have been developed to predict virus resistance based on its ... The main reason such a treatment might fail is the development of mutated strands of the virus, resistant to one or more of the ...
... mechanisms of tolerance and its physiological functions include the suppression of potentially dangerous inflammatory processes ... Yoshida R, Urade Y, Tokuda M, Hayaishi O (August 1979). "Induction of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in mouse lung during virus ... IDO is part of the malignant transformation process and plays a key role in suppressing the anti-tumor immune response in the ... These mechanisms are crucial in the process of carcinogenesis. IDO allows tumor cells to escape the immune system by two main ...
Processing may prepare the specimen for long-term storage. For example, DNA samples are processed into a salt buffer (aqueous ... viruses, cDNAs), viable but not yet culturable organisms, cells and tissues, as well as databases containing molecular, ... physiological and structural information relevant to these collections and related bioinformatics." The National Institute of ... There are a number of reasons why they are important: SOPs reduce variability within the samples and storage processes by ...
... also plays a role in several physiological processes and systems, including the nervous system, the immune system, ... Vaccinia virus is closely related to variola virus, which is known to cause the smallpox disease. The vaccinia virus has been ... Sulfatide is also associated with diabetes mellitus, cancer metastasis, and viruses, including HIV-1, Influenza A virus, ... Influenza A virus, Hepatitis C, and the Vaccinia virus. Sulfatide shows involvement in HIV-1 infection. gp120-gp41 are specific ...
Necrosis was long seen as a non-physiological process that occurs as a result of infection or injury, but in the 2000s, a form ... as a cell-death backup to apoptosis when the apoptosis signaling is blocked by endogenous or exogenous factors such as viruses ... NETosis is the process of cell-death generated by NETs. Paraptosis is another type of nonapoptotic cell death that is mediated ... This process has now been evolved to happen only when programmed. to cells (such as feedback from neighbors, stress or DNA ...
LMOs intended for direct use as food or feed, or processing (LMOs-FFP) represent a large category of agricultural commodities. ... viruses and viroids. 'Modern biotechnology' is defined in the Protocol to mean the application of in vitro nucleic acid ... techniques, or fusion of cells beyond the taxonomic family, that overcome natural physiological reproductive or recombination ... Living modified organism intended for direct use as food or feed, or for processing (LMO-FFP)' are agricultural commodities ...
MR is the process by which at least two virus genomes, each containing inactivating genome damage, interact with each other in ... it must first enter a special physiological state termed natural competence. In Bacillus subtilis about 40 genes are required ... Examples of MR in animal viruses are described in the articles Herpes simplex virus, Influenza A virus, Adenoviridae, Simian ... When a cell is mixedly infected by two genetically marked viruses, recombinant virus progeny are often observed indicating that ...
Bacteria, viruses and physical trauma can trigger prothrombic processes within the body through inflammation and tissue factor ... is an inflammatory process that, in conjunction with the physiological conditions of postpartum and proximity with potentially ...
... from prokaryotes to eukaryotes to virus. These enzymes are involved in a multitude of physiological reactions from simple ... Blood clotting (such as thrombin) and viral polyprotein processing (such as TEV protease) requires this level of specificity in ... Some viruses, with HIV/AIDS among them, depend on proteases in their reproductive cycle. Thus, protease inhibitors are ... The genomes of some viruses encode one massive polyprotein, which needs a protease to cleave this into functional units (e.g. ...
... is an important player in many physiological processes, including membrane trafficking, cytoskeletal ... and viruses. Phospholipase D's principal substrate is phosphatidylcholine, which it hydrolyzes to produce the signal molecule ... Through these processes, it has been further implicated in the pathophysiology of multiple diseases: in particular the ... Dysregulation of these processes is commonplace in carcinogenesis, and in turn, abnormalities in PLD expression have been ...
As part of normal physiological processes, they are involved in key steps of antigen presentation as part of the adaptive ... In many RNA viruses, including significant human pathogens such as the coronaviruses SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, papain-like ... cysteine cathepsins have since been identified playing major roles in a number of physiological processes and disease states. ... The human genome encodes eleven cysteine cathepsins which have a broad range of physiological functions. In some parasites ...
Poir Inoculated with a Nigerian Strain of Moroccan Watermelon Mosaic Virus (MWMV): Lagena ... Physiological and Biochemical Changes in Cucurbita moschata Duch. Ex. ... Changes in physiological and biochemical parameters induced by MWMV altered vital metabolic processes of C. moschata. PDF ... Physiological and Biochemical Changes in Cucurbita moschata Duch. Ex. Poir Inoculated with a Nigerian Strain of Moroccan ...
The molecular biology of the hepatic viruses and various aspects of colonic neoplasia will also be considered. ... Course deals with various aspects of gastrointestinal and hepatic function in health and altered physiological states. The ... focus is on the recent literature pertaining to cell and molecular mechanisms underlying the motility secretory process, ...
The infection process is actually quite complicated with this virus. First the aphid must acquire the virus by feeding on a ... SED is believed to be a physiological disorder. The virus itself is an extremely small, nearly spherical particle with a ... 30-38 Plant viruses online - www.wsu.edu [5] [6] ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database: Potato leafroll virus Family Groups - ... This process takes several hours, after which time the aphid will continue to transmit the virus for its remaining life. This ...
In spite of their broad abundance, viruses, in particular bacteriophages, remain largely unknown since only about 20% of ... Eukaryotic Viruses and Phages Orthologous Groups). To do this, we examine the non-redundant viral diversity stored in public ... Viruses, far from being just parasites affecting hosts fitness, are major players in any microbial ecosystem. ... the search of orthologous groups as potential markers to viral taxonomy from bacteriophages and included eukaryotic viruses, ...
PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESSES AND DISEASE. Chromatin Mechanisms Driving Cancer. Berkley Gryder, Peter C. Scacheri, Thomas Ried, and ... Viruses in the Nucleus. Bojana Lucic, Ines J. de Castro, and Marina Lusic. 3D or Not 3D: Shaping the Genome during Development ... Multiple chapters are devoted to physiological and disease processes involving disruption of nuclear structure and function (e. ... NUCLEAR PROCESSES. The Impact of Space and Time on the Functional Output of the Genome. Marcelo Nollmann, Isma Bennabi, Markus ...
PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESSES AND DISEASE. Chromatin Mechanisms Driving Cancer. Berkley Gryder, Peter C. Scacheri, Thomas Ried, and ... Viruses in the Nucleus. Bojana Lucic, Ines J. de Castro, and Marina Lusic. 3D or Not 3D: Shaping the Genome during Development ... Multiple chapters are devoted to physiological and disease processes involving disruption of nuclear structure and function (e. ... NUCLEAR PROCESSES. The Impact of Space and Time on the Functional Output of the Genome. Marcelo Nollmann, Isma Bennabi, Markus ...
They are involved in all of our vital physiological processes and play an important role in fighting infections and other ... The bodys own agents against bacteria, viruses and cancer. Human peptidome CRC extended in Ulm. Ulm University 08/24/2021 Ulm ... viruses and cancer. The successful research consortium focuses on infectious diseases, inflammations and cancer - ranging from ... in Ulm are investigating how the bodys own peptides and proteins can help the human body to ward off bacteria and viruses or ...
... plays a key role in physiological and pathological processes. Recently, we identified that ERBB4 played a protective role from ... response to virus - signal transduction Data from Gene Ontology via CGAP [Hide] ... The transcription factor V-Ets avian erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog 2 (ETS2) was elevated in smooth muscle actin- ... in these processes.. METHODS: HSCs were isolated from liver tissues of patients, mice in which the p300 gene was flanked by 2 ...
Diseases were now linked to particular bacteria and viruses that act as agents causing physiological changes in the human body ... focusing on disease processes within each individual. Health was no longer seen as a collective res-ponsibility and largely ... Unless and until we look at each other as human beings who are equally vulnerable and exposed to the same -virus, we will not ... thereby shifting the focus on understanding the disease processes and outcomes in individuals. However, it also led to the ...
However, little is known about the physiological roles and molecular mechanisms of ACD. In this review, we document examples of ... Autophagy is a process that occurs within cells, whereby damaged, toxic, or obsolete cellular components are degraded and ... A natural cellular recycling process could be harnessed or targeted for the treatment of multiple diseases including cancer and ... Autophagy serves as a major cytoprotective process by maintaining cellular homeostasis and recycling cytoplasmic contents. ...
RNA processing and innate immune response to RNA viruses. He discovered a number of factors and mechanisms that regulate ... production of miRNAs (short non-coding RNAs that control physiological and pathological gene expression pathways). He ... Kumar, S*., Downie Ruiz Velasco, A*., and Michlewski, G. Oleic Acid induces miRNA-7 processing through remodeling of pri-miRNA- ... Structural basis for terminal loop recognition and stimulation of pri-miRNA-18a processing by hnRNP A1. (2018) Nat Commun. 2018 ...
In spite of the importance of adventitious rooting, the mechanism behind this developmental process remains poorly understood. ... Examining and comparing the genetic sequences borne by microbes - including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and microbial ... We alsomore » show this method can be used for examining other physiological conditions, such as exposure to nitric oxide and ... The physiological conditions experienced by a microbial community can thus be inferred using meta-transcriptomic sequencing by ...
... virus or microorganism that may be interfering with normal processes.) The bacterial involvement of the cold, the sore throat, ... The physiological action of the PMG alone is enough to explain this effect. There is a sound clinical basis for assuming that ... Stage 2 is stopped by gonadal hormones at adolescence which act to inhibit thymus as a part of their physiological job, unless ... We may first define a "physiological immune reaction." This is the formation of an antibody to a protein that is normally ...
Baseline metabolites could predict responders with hepatitis B virus-related liver fibrosis for entecavir or combined with ... providing insight into all physiological processes within the body. Due to its close proximity to disease phenotypes, ... Sample processing. The cryopreserved serum was thawed on ice-bath in case of degradation. 25 ÎĽL of serum was added to a 96-well ... Data processing was conducted using multivariate principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant ...
... virus, bacteria, fungus, and parasites). Commonly these kinds of stressors generate inflammation processes inside and outside ... M. tuberculosis comes into contact with physiological barriers found in the upper respiratory tract (URT) and with innate ... First, we describe the generalities of the autophagic process and give examples of the bacterial strategies to evade or exploit ... Clinical and experimental evidence around the world indicates that this physiological phenomenon could be explained as neuro- ...
... such as resolvin-D1 should be harnessed for the treatment of AECOPD that are complicated by the co-pathogenesis of viruses and ... This process acts as a critical physiological brake to prevent an over exuberant anti-viral or humoral response that can ... We have recently shown that single stranded RNA viruses (including influenza A virus, rhinovirus, RSV) and DNA viruses promote ... Around 30-50% of AECOPDs are associated with respiratory viruses including rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and ...
... viruses, and plant-pathogen interaction, at the ecological, physiological and genetic level. (Prerequisites: BIOL-321 or ... An essential part of the research process, two RIT undergraduate students, learn that the grant writing process is more of an ... viruses, and plant-pathogen interaction, at the ecological, physiological and genetic level. (Prerequisites: BIOL-321 or ... Viruses that infect bacteria (phages) are ubiquitous wherever their hosts reside- whether in soil, a hot spring or our own ...
... to the development of recombinant viruses as medicinal agents and understanding how they impact physiological processes. Early ... young scientists to sharpen their critical thinking skills through the design of studies for pre-clinical evaluation of virus- ... paper identifying integrin receptors as the primary mechanism for alteration of drug metabolism by several different viruses in ...
... and possibly the spread of viruses. Interestingly, this spread may be mediated by EVs not only within the CNS but also between ... highlighting a putative role of EVs in the process of aging. At the same time, EVs are thought to contr... ... and neurotrophic support in the CNS.Besides their crucial physiological roles, EVs are thought to propagate pathological age- ... related processes through miRNA regulation, neuroinflammation, the spread of toxic misfolded proteins, ...
She said new physiological data, not yet published, support that notion.. Another way that emotions can skew decisions is by ... Thats the process, he argued, that leads to peoples exaggerated precautions against very low-probability risks, such as the ... risk of dying from the SARS virus. In a 2004 study, Hsee and colleague Yuval Rottenstreich, now at Duke University, ... The same process, Heath observed, can just as easily lead to irrational pessimism. ...
... focusing on viruses, bacteria, molds, and yeasts), with a strong focus on the molecular basis of physiological processes. ... Introduces common human disease processes. Emphasis is on interrelationships among systems and regulation of physiological ... Introduces common human disease processes. Emphasis is on interrelationships among systems and regulation of physiological ... This course will study a variety of marine habitats and organisms, with emphasis on ecological interactions, physiological and ...
I use the term disease to refer to the physiological process that happens to the physical body, in this case, the process ... The basic logic of the pandemic is that we could each be hit by the virus; every one of us could get sick. So I think that ... Illness refers to the experience of that disease: how the physiological process is lived by the person who is ill and those ... I think were seeing two processes. The one is a process of increased solidarity and increased care. There has been a really ...
2, 2007) - The movement and growth of cells are critical for normal physiological processes, and-when perturbed-can result in ... Viruses in the human gut show dynamic response to diet. 08/31/2011. August 31, 2011 - The digestive system is home to a myriad ... Physiological protein blocks direct the Mre11-Rad50-Xrs2 and Sae2 nuclease complex to initiate DNA end resection ... this organ also represents an excellent model system for investigation of physiological and pathological processes that occur ...
2, 2007) - The movement and growth of cells are critical for normal physiological processes, and-when perturbed-can result in ... Viruses in the human gut show dynamic response to diet. 08/31/2011. August 31, 2011 - The digestive system is home to a myriad ... Physiological protein blocks direct the Mre11-Rad50-Xrs2 and Sae2 nuclease complex to initiate DNA end resection ... this organ also represents an excellent model system for investigation of physiological and pathological processes that occur ...
Virus: according to the Spanish Society of Virology (SEV), viruses do not inherently have their own metabolism and as such are ... A vaccines development process consists of very strict stages of clinical trials and assessment. Furthermore, vaccine-related ... Immunology: is the science that studies organisms physiological response mechanisms against microorganism, toxin or antigen ... What viruses do carry is genetic material (RNA or DNA, depending on what family they belong to), proteins, and in some cases ...
Binding to these alternative receptors allows the rapid transcytosis of the virus through the epithelial cells. This ... An understanding of the gp41 activation process may suggest novel strategies for vaccine and antiviral drug development. ... between the buried Thr573 and Thr569 residues appears to allow formation of the trimer-of-hairpins structure at physiological ... The gp120-gp41 heterodimer allows rapid transcytosis of the virus through CD4 negative cells such as simple epithelial ...
Building on existing virus-host prediction approaches, a new tool combines and evaluates multiple predictions to reliably match ... but viral influence on microbial processes in these regions are much less studied. Here we provide baseline ecological patterns ... but their infection of microorganisms has the potential to alter host physiological state within these biogeochemically ... Soil Virus Offers Insight into Maintaining Microorganisms. Through a collaborative effort, researchers have identified a ...
Non-coding RNAs in bacteria help regulate several physiological processes. For example, the Nobel prize winning CRISPR/Cas9 ... gene editing tool partly originated from the discovery of the non-coding RNA molecule, tracrRNA, which helps disarm viruses by ...
Is it possible that prior to the demise of the memory cells (before that process becomes irreversible) the toxic virus ( ... aberrant mind) can be canceled before spreading into a physiological pandemic?. Our only path towards redemption (again being ... That state makes it possible for the bodys Intelligence to be Active in the process and so making it difficult to stumble or ... A very long time ago, after our arrival on earth (Lifes Quantum Leap), we have accumulated through the process of pristine ...
  • Viruses, far from being just parasites affecting hosts' fitness, are major players in any microbial ecosystem. (mdpi.com)
  • The physiological conditions experienced by a microbial community can thus be inferred using meta-transcriptomic sequencing by comparing transcription levels of specifically chosen genes. (osti.gov)
  • We propose that the anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory actions of specialized pro-resolving mediators, such as resolvin-D1 should be harnessed for the treatment of AECOPD that are complicated by the co-pathogenesis of viruses and bacteria. (frontiersin.org)
  • Microbial communities in oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) are known to have significant impacts on global biogeochemical cycles, but viral influence on microbial processes in these regions are much less studied. (doe.gov)
  • Role of microbes in biogeochemical cycles Physiological experiments and quantitative microbial analysis. (ntnu.edu)
  • The strong contribution of RAS-related protein 1b (Rap1b) to cytoskeleton remodeling determines intracellular and extracellular physiological activities, including the successful infection of viruses in permissive cells, but its role in the HSV-1 life cycle is still unclear. (bvsalud.org)
  • Nevertheless, together with benchmarking analyses, we show here that the diametric ratio approach can be applied for evaluating the physiological conditions experienced by microbes in situ. (osti.gov)
  • Anti-infective agents (antibacterial or antiviral) possess either a bactericidal/virucidal or bacteriostatic /virustatic ability against microbes and viruses. (benthamscience.com)
  • He discovered a number of factors and mechanisms that regulate production of miRNAs (short non-coding RNAs that control physiological and pathological gene expression pathways). (ed.ac.uk)
  • Non-coding RNAs in bacteria help regulate several physiological processes. (vectorsjournal.org)
  • In this review, we summarized the interactions of noncoding RNAs and viruses in the occurrence and development of AR, along with the treatments focusing on the noncoding RNAs in the past five years. (hindawi.com)
  • The virus infection resulted in significant (p≤0.05) reductions in plant height, leaf area and number of leaves produces with highest percentage difference of 39.3% (42 PID), 60.9% (35 PID) and 25.7% (49 PID), respectively. (scialert.net)
  • Net necrosis of potato is the result of infection by potato leaf roll virus (PLRV). (wikipedia.org)
  • Infection by the virus may directly cause the damage to and death of the vascular tissues or the presence of the virus may make these sensitive tissues more susceptible to damage from other stresses. (wikipedia.org)
  • The infection process is actually quite complicated with this virus. (wikipedia.org)
  • Multiple chapters are devoted to physiological and disease processes involving disruption of nuclear structure and function (e.g., viral infection). (cshlpress.com)
  • There are still many a lot to understand about how people's bodies respond to a SARS COV-2 virus infection. (bbva.com)
  • In particular, the pronounced impact of vitamin D metabolites on the immune system response, and on the development of COVID-19 infection by the novel SARS CoV-2 virus, has been previously described in a few studies worldwide. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Several important virus families can only establish an infection, if they invade dividing cells. (europa.eu)
  • On the other hand, we used such papilloma viruses as a model virus to address how intrinsic and extrinsic changes to cellular context (such as (chronic) inflammation, wounding, prior infection, and ageing) affect this process and thus the outcome of infection. (europa.eu)
  • The latter has been documented but why these processes affect virus infection is not understood. (europa.eu)
  • The ability of a pathogenic virus to lie dormant within a cell (latent infection). (lookformedical.com)
  • Rap1b activation and membrane enrichment begin at the early stage of HSV-1 infection and remain active during the proliferation period of the virus. (bvsalud.org)
  • These further stimulated membrane-triggered physiological processes favoring virus infection. (bvsalud.org)
  • HA553 trade name] is indicated for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection in adults and adolescents from 10 years of age and weighing at least 35 kg. (who.int)
  • Microorganisms are at the center of all major biogeochemical processes on Earth, providing valuable ecosystem services such as nutrient cycling, climate regulation and degradation of organic matter and pollutants. (jakesonline.org)
  • Even though we shouldn't accept the hardship and suffering illness imposes on us, we should acknowledge illness as something that is very much a part of being a physiological organism. (thewhitereview.org)
  • Physiological and Biochemical Changes in Cucurbita moschata Duch. (scialert.net)
  • This study was carried out to determine physiological and biochemical changes in C. moschata inoculated with a Nigerian strain of MWMV isolated from Lagenaria breviflora in Calabar, Nigeria. (scialert.net)
  • Changes in physiological and biochemical parameters induced by MWMV altered vital metabolic processes of C. moschata . (scialert.net)
  • It houses the cell's DNA and is the hub for DNA replication, transcription, and RNA processing. (cshlpress.com)
  • Insights into DNA replication timing and RNA processing dynamics based on new technologies aimed at examining chromatin and other intranuclear structures at high resolution are also included. (cshlpress.com)
  • They require cell division in order to deliver their genome in a replication competent form into the nuclei of cells, as during cell division the nuclear envelope, a protective border to the cytosol, is removed during cell division giving these viruses access to the nuclear lumen. (europa.eu)
  • according to the Spanish Society of Virology (SEV) , viruses do not inherently have their own metabolism and as such are considered non-living entities. (bbva.com)
  • Vitamin D is recognized as an important co-factor in several physiological processes linked with bone and calcium metabolism, and also in diverse non-skeletal outcomes, including autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, obesity and cognitive decline, and infections. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The principal focus is on the recent literature pertaining to cell and molecular mechanisms underlying the motility secretory process, absorption and secretion. (mcgill.ca)
  • However, little is known about the physiological roles and molecular mechanisms of ACD. (nature.com)
  • is the science that studies organisms' physiological response mechanisms against microorganism, toxin or antigen attacks. (bbva.com)
  • In the Collaborative Research Centre 1279 , a team of scientists in Ulm are investigating how the body's own peptides and proteins can help the human body to ward off bacteria and viruses or fight cancer. (uni-ulm.de)
  • His findings have far reaching consequences for our understanding of how RNA-binding proteins and metabolites regulate gene expression, RNA processing and innate immunity. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Besides their crucial physiological roles, EVs are thought to propagate pathological age-related processes through miRNA regulation, neuroinflammation, the spread of toxic misfolded proteins, and possibly the spread of viruses. (frontiersin.org)
  • What viruses do carry is genetic material (RNA or DNA, depending on what family they belong to), proteins, and in some cases also a liquid or fatty membrane. (bbva.com)
  • Changing the location of the cellular proteins, in turn, apparently changes the physiological function with dire consequences for cell division and subsequent cell fate. (europa.eu)
  • Most unstructured proteins undergo some degree of folding upon binding to their partners, a process termed "induced folding. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Proteins found in any species of virus. (lookformedical.com)
  • Therefore, in this review, we avoid a lengthy repetition of the description of autophagy and cell death processes and focus on the death-promoting roles of autophagy and the intertwined connection between autophagy and apoptosis. (nature.com)
  • Alpha-synuclein: Implications for Parkinson's Disease This review summarizes the physiological and pathological roles of alpha-synuclein and its implication in Parkinson's disease pathogenesis. (medscape.com)
  • In order to shed some light into this genetic dark matter we expanded the search of orthologous groups as potential markers to viral taxonomy from bacteriophages and included eukaryotic viruses, establishing a set of 31,150 ViPhOGs (Eukaryotic Viruses and Phages Orthologous Groups). (mdpi.com)
  • This is what makes the MT brain a complex biological data processing system that is shared by all Eukaryotic organisms and animal species on earth. (sciforums.com)
  • Describe the structure of an eukaryotic cell, and the central processes in cell division. (ntnu.edu)
  • Diseases were now linked to particular bacteria and viruses that act as agents causing physiological changes in the human body. (epw.in)
  • Autophagy serves as a major cytoprotective process by maintaining cellular homeostasis and recycling cytoplasmic contents. (nature.com)
  • Plastins: versatile modulators of actin organization in (patho)physiological cellular processes. (rnaready.com)
  • In RIT's biotechnology and molecular biology degree you'll improve human health by harnessing technology advancements and biomolecular processes to research and develop technologies in genetics, agriculture, pharmaceuticals and vaccine development, environment and energy, forensic science, genetic counseling, and more. (rit.edu)
  • Research into extracellular vesicles (EVs) biology has increased considerably over the past decade, posing manifold questions regarding their involvement in homeostatic and pathological processes. (frontiersin.org)
  • The molecular biology of the hepatic viruses and various aspects of colonic neoplasia will also be considered. (mcgill.ca)
  • In addition, cell death subroutines have been recently classified on the basis of mechanical and molecular aspects of cell death processes 5 . (nature.com)
  • Specific molecular components of the cell capable of recognizing and interacting with a virus, and which, after binding it, are capable of generating some signal that initiates the chain of events leading to the biological response. (lookformedical.com)
  • Our engineering targets include biomolecules, molecular circuits, viruses, and cells, and our approach combines quantitative experimental analysis with computational simulation. (stanford.edu)
  • In this project, we have followed up two main questions: On the one hand how do small DNA tumor viruses of the papillomavirus family, i.e. viruses that lead to malignant cancers, mechanistically use host cell division to enter host cells, a mechanism of viral invasion that is barely understood. (europa.eu)
  • The mechanism by which latent viruses, such as genetically transmitted tumor viruses ( PROVIRUSES ) or PROPHAGES of lysogenic bacteria, are induced to replicate and then released as infectious viruses. (lookformedical.com)
  • COLD SPRING HARBOR, NEW YORK -- In an important, comprehensive, and timely review, an expert team from the University of California Berkeley details the methodologies used in nucleic acid-based tests for detecting the presence of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. (cshlpress.com)
  • The SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19, belongs to the Coronaviridae (coronavirus) family, just as its siblings SARS-CoV (responsible for the SARS epidemic in 2002) and MERS-CoV (which caused the respiratory syndrome epidemic in the Middle East in 2012). (bbva.com)
  • The dominant approach of controlling an epidemic chan-ged to eliminate germs through drugs and vaccines, thereby shifting the focus on understanding the disease processes and outcomes in individuals. (epw.in)
  • Turshen (1989) argues that the germ theory was seen as the creation of the times when capitalism was expanding in Europe, and the theory affirmed individualism by -focusing on disease processes within each individual. (epw.in)
  • is the process whereby a disease is naturally transmitted by animals to humans through either direct exposure or the consumption of products derived from them. (bbva.com)
  • Virus shedding is an important means of vertical transmission (INFECTIOUS DISEASE TRANSMISSION, VERTICAL). (lookformedical.com)
  • Outbreaks of Ebola virus disease (EVD) occur sporadically in Africa and are associated with high case-fatality rates. (cdc.gov)
  • Outbreaks of Ebola virus disease (EVD) occur sporadically in sub-Saharan Africa and are associated with exceptionally high case-fatality rates (CFRs). (cdc.gov)
  • The disease onset is nonspecific and is characterized by abrupt onset of fever, fatigue, headache, myalgia, and gastrointestinal distress 3-13 days after exposure to the virus ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The term hemorrhagic fever has been used to describe this disease process because hemorrhagic manifestations develop in many patients during the course of illness. (cdc.gov)
  • In spite of their broad abundance, viruses, in particular bacteriophages, remain largely unknown since only about 20% of sequences obtained from viral community DNA surveys could be annotated by comparison with public databases. (mdpi.com)
  • Some respiratory viral infections can aggravate allergic rhinitis, such as a respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human metapneumovirus (hMPV). (hindawi.com)
  • For economists, psychology offers realism: a textured appreciation for the limits of human reason and the cognitive and emotional processes that govern behavior. (psychologicalscience.org)
  • We report on the EMBL research groups and core facilities using their expertise to study coronavirus (pp. 5-9), and Stephen Cusack, Head of EMBL Grenoble, discusses how the insights his group has gained into the influenza virus can be applied to combat other viruses, such as Lassa virus (p. 22). (issuu.com)
  • During the first phase of funding (2017/2 to 2021/1), the researchers were successful in identifying a series of peptide compounds that support the body in fighting against bacteria, viruses and cancer. (uni-ulm.de)
  • Anti-infective agents are secondary metabolites produced and obtained from a different sources (plants, bacteria, virus, fungi, and marine oceans) with antibacterial or antiviral properties. (benthamscience.com)
  • They are involved in all of our vital physiological processes and play an important role in fighting infections and other diseases as well. (uni-ulm.de)
  • The Ebola, Zika, Rabies, Dengue, or Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) viruses are some examples of the zoonotic diseases that these organizations monitor. (bbva.com)
  • Virus diseases caused by the HERPESVIRIDAE. (lookformedical.com)
  • A general term for diseases produced by viruses. (lookformedical.com)
  • ORF67.5-deficient KSHV failed to produce infectious virus and cleave the TRs, and numerous soccer ball-like capsids were observed in ORF67.5-deficient KSHV-harboring cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Moreover, ORF67.5 was required for terminal repeat (TR) cleavage, infectious virus production, and enhancement of the interaction between ORF7 and ORF29. (bvsalud.org)
  • Use of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines in Older Adults While RSV is usually associated with young children, it can also cause severe respiratory illness in older adults. (medscape.com)
  • Respiratory Virus Testing Among School Students and Staff This study found that 25% of primary and secondary school students and staff members of a large metropolitan school district tested positive for at least one respiratory virus. (medscape.com)
  • CFR 41%-65%), and Bundibugyo virus (CFR 40%) cause fatal infections, but neither Tai Forest virus nor Reston virus has been associated with human fatalities ( 2 , 3 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Avoid concurrent use of live virus vaccines, owing to potentially increased risk of infections. (medscape.com)
  • Biological properties, processes, and activities of VIRUSES, including the interactions with the cells they infect. (bvsalud.org)
  • He demonstrated that E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM25 (a key player in innate immune response to RNA viruses) is a novel RNA-binding protein. (ed.ac.uk)
  • These viruses are spherical in shape and covered in protein spikes that help them bind to and infect healthy cells. (bbva.com)
  • Soil Virus Offers Insight into Maintaining Microorganisms Through a collaborative effort, researchers have identified a protein in soil viruses that may promote soil health. (doe.gov)
  • To realize this vision, we will tackle fundamental challenges across different levels of complexity, such as (1) protein components that minimize their crosstalk with human cells and immunogenicity, (2) biomolecular circuits that function robustly in different cells and are easy to deliver, (3) multicellular consortia that communicate through scalable channels, and (4) therapeutic modules that interface with physiological inputs/outputs. (stanford.edu)
  • The phloem limited positive sense RNA virus infects potatoes and other members of the family Solanaceae. (wikipedia.org)
  • Potato leafroll virus (PLRV) is a member of the genus Polerovirus and family Solemoviridae. (wikipedia.org)
  • Guertu virus (GTV), a newly discovered member of the genus Banyangvirus in the family Phenuiviridae, poses a potential health threat to humans and animals. (bvsalud.org)
  • Dai YK, Fan HN, Huang K, Sun X, Zhao ZM, Liu CH. Baseline metabolites could predict responders with hepatitis B virus-related liver fibrosis for entecavir or combined with FuzhengHuayu tablet. (wjgnet.com)
  • Autophagy/macroautophagy is a lysosome-dependent catabolic process characterized by increased formation of double-membrane autophagosomes for the sequestration of cytoplasmic components and subsequent degradation after autophagosome fusion with lysosomes 1 , 2 . (nature.com)
  • Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic factors influence the differential control of gene action in viruses. (lookformedical.com)
  • PLRV is one of the most important potato viruses worldwide but particularly devastating in countries with limited resources and management. (wikipedia.org)
  • This List includes plasma-derived medicinal products, namely immunoglobulins and coagulation factors, which are needed to prevent and treat a variety of serious conditions that occur worldwide (http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/essentialmedicines/en/index.html). (who.int)
  • Therefore, using a life-course ap- ical processes that occur over the in the etiology of childhood obesity. (who.int)
  • The virus itself is an extremely small, nearly spherical particle with a diameter of 25 nanometres. (wikipedia.org)
  • SAAS:SAAS000328_004_020447][RuleBase:RU004292] The gp120-gp41 heterodimer allows rapid transcytosis of the virus through CD4 negative cells such as simple epithelial monolayers of the intestinal, rectal and endocervical epithelial barriers. (proteopedia.org)
  • Gracjan's main research interests are associated with regulation of gene expression, RNA processing and innate immune response to RNA viruses. (ed.ac.uk)
  • For example, the Nobel prize winning CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing tool partly originated from the discovery of the non-coding RNA molecule, tracrRNA, which helps disarm viruses by cleaving their DNA. (vectorsjournal.org)
  • show this method can be used for examining other physiological conditions, such as exposure to nitric oxide and osmotic pressure. (osti.gov)
  • Binding to these alternative receptors allows the rapid transcytosis of the virus through the epithelial cells. (proteopedia.org)
  • Experimental Medicine : Course deals with various aspects of gastrointestinal and hepatic function in health and altered physiological states. (mcgill.ca)
  • Furthermore, their biogenesis, composition and function have been associated with viruses, an entirely different domain of life. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The overall objectives aim at understanding of these human papillomaviruses infect cells under a variety of conditions, but also to experimentally establish systems that allow to study how viruses in general are impacted by physiological and pathophysiological changes that arise during our life time. (europa.eu)
  • The selection criteria presented in this Guide are not intended to clarify all the doubts that may arise in the decision-making process. (bvs.br)
  • Properties of bacterial viruses and their reproduction. (ntnu.edu)
  • We report the bacterial expression, purification, and characterization of measles virus N(TAIL). (gla.ac.uk)
  • The study guide to accompany computer of these opportunities shapes to be a website of the academic Advances, hands, or processes in a identified training of consequences. (juergenschramm.net)
  • A genus of the family HERPESVIRIDAE, subfamily ALPHAHERPESVIRINAE, consisting of herpes simplex-like viruses. (lookformedical.com)
  • This inflammatory process is driven, in part by inhalation of highly noxious particles in cigarette smoke and biomass fuels that overwhelm protective detoxifying and anti-oxidant pathways. (frontiersin.org)
  • The expelling of virus particles from the body. (lookformedical.com)
  • Virus Activation" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (wakehealth.edu)
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Virus Activation" by people in this website by year, and whether "Virus Activation" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (wakehealth.edu)
  • Below are the most recent publications written about "Virus Activation" by people in Profiles. (wakehealth.edu)
  • Moreover, alterations in EVs may be related to changes in in senescent cells and aging tissues, highlighting a putative role of EVs in the process of aging. (frontiersin.org)
  • ecoepidemiology, or 'landscape epidemiology', which aims to integrate complex models that explain the multidimensionality of health processes at different levels. (bbva.com)
  • access to health-care services, and pact of SEP on many pathological The pervasive nature of the social chemical and physical exposures processes means that it is consid- structures that make up the outer (e.g. occupational exposures, pollu- ered one of the main determinants of layer of our environments means that tion). (who.int)
  • Our work centers on the biology of lysine methylation, a principal chromatin-regulatory mechanism that directs epigenetic processes. (stanford.edu)
  • A very long time ago, after our arrival on earth (Life's Quantum Leap), we have accumulated through the process of pristine observations the necessary information for the maintenance of human life. (wakeup-world.com)
  • planned study and patientsDistal links that have from it, really with the leader that you can Usually take the neural specific multilingualism to your Chinese human process. (juergenschramm.net)
  • coping the Adult Attachment Interview as an study guide to accompany computer and data processing to learning with biases and moral trends. (juergenschramm.net)
  • A academic study guide to accompany computer and data processing of distance assumptions in the intelligence and its semester to Q-sort observations of secondary consistency. (juergenschramm.net)
  • Juan, had the study guide to accompany computer and data processing on your consent and law. (juergenschramm.net)
  • other study guide to accompany computer and data processing: What see You small To Know? (juergenschramm.net)
  • Gins goes into some specific physiological detail at this point: "An 860 square foot surface is to be oxygenated (the path is 1,500 miles long) in less than 1 second" (referring to the lungs, this is a bit alarming to consider if we are thinking of an airborne virus). (reversibledestiny.org)
  • Her research is dedicated to the development of recombinant viruses as medicinal agents and understanding how they impact physiological processes. (aspet.org)