OrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesHealth Care
Virus InactivationCalicivirus, FelineDisinfectionViral Plaque AssayPoliovirusAntiviral AgentsRNA VirusesVaccinia virusReceptors, VirusVirus ReplicationVirus CultivationVirus SheddingVirus DiseasesSimian virus 40Virus AssemblyDNA VirusesPlant VirusesDefective Viruses
Virus Inactivation
Inactivation of viruses by non-immune related techniques. They include extremes of pH, HEAT treatment, ultraviolet radiation, IONIZING RADIATION; DESICCATION; ANTISEPTICS; DISINFECTANTS; organic solvents, and DETERGENTS.
Calicivirus, Feline
A species of the genus VESIVIRUS infecting cats. Transmission occurs via air and mechanical contact.
Disinfection
Rendering pathogens harmless through the use of heat, antiseptics, antibacterial agents, etc.
Viral Plaque Assay
Method for measuring viral infectivity and multiplication in CULTURED CELLS. Clear lysed areas or plaques develop as the VIRAL PARTICLES are released from the infected cells during incubation. With some VIRUSES, the cells are killed by a cytopathic effect; with others, the infected cells are not killed but can be detected by their hemadsorptive ability. Sometimes the plaque cells contain VIRAL ANTIGENS which can be measured by IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE.
Poliovirus
A species of ENTEROVIRUS which is the causal agent of POLIOMYELITIS in humans. Three serotypes (strains) exist. Transmission is by the fecal-oral route, pharyngeal secretions, or mechanical vector (flies). Vaccines with both inactivated and live attenuated virus have proven effective in immunizing against the infection.
Antiviral Agents
Agents used in the prophylaxis or therapy of VIRUS DISEASES. Some of the ways they may act include preventing viral replication by inhibiting viral DNA polymerase; binding to specific cell-surface receptors and inhibiting viral penetration or uncoating; inhibiting viral protein synthesis; or blocking late stages of virus assembly.
RNA Viruses
Viruses whose genetic material is RNA.
Vaccinia virus
The type species of ORTHOPOXVIRUS, related to COWPOX VIRUS, but whose true origin is unknown. It has been used as a live vaccine against SMALLPOX. It is also used as a vector for inserting foreign DNA into animals. Rabbitpox virus is a subspecies of VACCINIA VIRUS.
Receptors, Virus
Specific molecular components of the cell capable of recognizing and interacting with a virus, and which, after binding it, are capable of generating some signal that initiates the chain of events leading to the biological response.
Virus Replication
The process of intracellular viral multiplication, consisting of the synthesis of PROTEINS; NUCLEIC ACIDS; and sometimes LIPIDS, and their assembly into a new infectious particle.
Virus Cultivation
Process of growing viruses in live animals, plants, or cultured cells.
Virus Shedding
The expelling of virus particles from the body. Important routes include the respiratory tract, genital tract, and intestinal tract. Virus shedding is an important means of vertical transmission (INFECTIOUS DISEASE TRANSMISSION, VERTICAL).
Virus Diseases
A general term for diseases produced by viruses.
Simian virus 40
A species of POLYOMAVIRUS originally isolated from Rhesus monkey kidney tissue. It produces malignancy in human and newborn hamster kidney cell cultures.
Virus Assembly
The assembly of VIRAL STRUCTURAL PROTEINS and nucleic acid (VIRAL DNA or VIRAL RNA) to form a VIRUS PARTICLE.
DNA Viruses
Viruses whose nucleic acid is DNA.
Plant Viruses
Viruses parasitic on plants higher than bacteria.
Defective Viruses
Viruses which lack a complete genome so that they cannot completely replicate or cannot form a protein coat. Some are host-dependent defectives, meaning they can replicate only in cell systems which provide the particular genetic function which they lack. Others, called SATELLITE VIRUSES, are able to replicate only when their genetic defect is complemented by a helper virus.

Capsid functions of inactivated human picornaviruses and feline calicivirus. (1/215)

The exceptional stability of enteric viruses probably resides in their capsids. The capsid functions of inactivated human picornaviruses and feline calicivirus (FCV) were determined. Viruses were inactivated by UV, hypochlorite, high temperature (72 degrees C), and physiological temperature (37 degrees C), all of which are pertinent to transmission via food and water. Poliovirus (PV) and hepatitis A virus (HAV) are transmissible via water and food, and FCV is the best available surrogate for the Norwalk-like viruses, which are leading causes of food-borne and waterborne disease in the United States. The capsids of all 37 degrees C-inactivated viruses still protected the viral RNA against RNase, even in the presence of proteinase K, which contrasted with findings with viruses inactivated at 72 degrees C. The loss of ability of the virus to attach to homologous cell receptors was universal, regardless of virus type and inactivation method, except for UV-inactivated HAV, and so virus inactivation was almost always accompanied by the loss of virus attachment. Inactivated HAV and FCV were captured by homologous antibodies. However, inactivated PV type 1 (PV-1) was not captured by homologous antibody and 37 degrees C-inactivated PV-1 was only partially captured. The epitopes on the capsids of HAV and FCV are evidently discrete from the receptor attachment sites, unlike those of PV-1. These findings indicate that the primary target of UV, hypochlorite, and 72 degrees C inactivation is the capsid and that the target of thermal inactivation (37 degrees C versus 72 degrees C) is temperature dependent.  (+info)

Infectivity of RNA from inactivated poliovirus. (2/215)

During inactivation of poliovirus type 1 (PV-1) by exposure to UV, hypochlorite, and heat (72 degrees C), the infectivity of the virus was compared with that of its RNA. DEAE-dextran (1-mg/ml concentration in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium buffered with 0.05 M Tris, pH 7.4) was used to facilitate transfecting PV-1 RNA into FRhK-4 host cells. After interaction of PV-1 RNA with cell monolayer at room temperature (21 to 22 degrees C) for 20 min, the monolayers were washed with 5 ml of Hanks balanced salt solution. The remainder of the procedure was the same as that for the conventional plaque technique, which was also used for quantifying the PV-1 whole-particle infectivity. Plaque formation by extracted RNA was approximately 100,000-fold less efficient than that by whole virions. The slopes of best-fit regression lines of inactivation curves for virion infectivity and RNA infectivity were compared to determine the target of inactivation. For UV and hypochlorite inactivation the slopes of inactivation curves of virion infectivity and RNA infectivity were not statistically different. However, the difference of slopes of inactivation curves of virion infectivity and RNA infectivity was statistically significant for thermal inactivation. The results of these experiments indicate that viral RNA is a primary target of UV and hypochlorite inactivations but that the sole target of thermal inactivation is the viral capsid.  (+info)

Multiply attenuated, self-inactivating lentiviral vectors efficiently deliver and express genes for extended periods of time in adult rat cardiomyocytes in vivo. (3/215)

BACKGROUND: Among retroviral vectors, lentiviral vectors are unique in that they transduce genes into both dividing and nondividing cells. However, their ability to provide sustained myocardial transgene expression has not been evaluated. METHODS AND RESULTS: Multiply attenuated, self-inactivating lentivectors based on human immunodeficiency virus-1 contained the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene under the transcriptional control of either the cytomegalovirus (CMV) immediate-early enhancer/promoter, the elongation factor-1alpha (EF-1alpha) promoter, or the phosphoglycerate-kinase (PGK) promoter. Lentivectors transduced adult rat cardiomyocytes in a dose-dependent manner (transduction rates, >90%; multiplicity of infection, approximately 5). The CMV promoter achieved higher EGFP expression levels than the EF-1alpha and PGK promoters. Insertion of the central polypurine tract pol sequence improved gene transfer efficiency by approximately 2-fold. In vivo gene transfer kinetics was studied by measuring the copy number of integrated lentivirus DNA and EGFP concentrations in cardiac extracts by real-time polymerase chain reaction and ELISA, respectively. With CMV promoter-containing lentivectors, vector DNA peaked at day 3, declined by approximately 4-fold at day 14, but then remained stable up to week 10. Similarly, EGFP expression peaked at day 7, decreased by approximately 7-fold at day 14, but was essentially stable thereafter. In contrast, vector DNA and EGFP expression declined rapidly with EF-1alpha promoter-containing lentivectors. Peak EGFP expression with titer-matched adenovectors was approximately 35% higher than with CMV lentivectors but was lost rapidly over time. CONCLUSIONS: Lentivectors efficiently transduce and express genes for extended periods of time in cardiomyocytes in vivo. Lentivectors provide a useful tool for studying myocardial biology and a potential system for gene heart therapy.  (+info)

Chlorine inactivation of adenovirus type 40 and feline calicivirus. (4/215)

Ct values, the concentration of free chlorine multiplied by time of contact with virus, were determined for free-chlorine inactivation experiments carried out with chloroform-extracted (dispersed) and non-chloroform-extracted (aggregated) feline calicivirus (FCV), adenovirus type 40 (AD40), and polio virus type 1 (PV-1). Experiments were carried out with high and low pH and temperature conditions. Ct values were calculated directly from bench-scale free-chlorine inactivation experiments and from application of the efficiency factor Hom model. For each experimental condition, Ct values were higher at pH 8 than at pH 6, higher at 5 degrees C than at 15 degrees C, and higher for dispersed AD40 (dAD40) than for dispersed FCV (dFCV). dFCV and dAD40 were more sensitive to free chlorine than dispersed PV-1 (dPV-1). Cts for 2 log inactivation of aggregated FCV (aFCV) and aggregated PV-1 (aPV-1) were 31.0 and 2.8 orders of magnitude higher than those calculated from experiments carried out with dispersed virus. Cts for 2 log inactivation of dFCV and dAD40 in treated groundwater at 15 degrees C were 1.2 and 13.7 times greater than in buffered-demand-free (BDF) water experiments at 5 degrees C. Ct values listed in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Guidance Manual were close to, or lower than, Ct values generated for experiments conducted with dispersed and aggregated viruses suspended in BDF water and for dispersed viruses suspended in treated groundwater. Since the state of viruses in water is most likely to be aggregated and associated with organic or inorganic matter, reevaluation of the EPA Guidance Manual Ct values is necessary, since they would not be useful for ensuring inactivation of viruses in these states. Under the tested conditions, dAD40, dFCV, aFCV, dPV-1, and aPV-1 particles would be inactivated by commonly used free chlorine concentrations (1 mg/liter) and contact times (60 to 237 min) applied for drinking water treatment in the United States.  (+info)

Cholesterol depletion of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and simian immunodeficiency virus with beta-cyclodextrin inactivates and permeabilizes the virions: evidence for virion-associated lipid rafts. (5/215)

Recent evidence suggests that human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) particles assemble and bud selectively through areas in the plasma membrane of cells that are highly enriched with glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins and cholesterol, called lipid rafts. Since cholesterol is required to maintain lipid raft structure and function, we proposed that virion-associated cholesterol removal with the compound 2-hydroxy-propyl-beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) might be disruptive to HIV-1 and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). We examined the effect of beta-CD on the structure and infectivity of cell-free virions. We found that beta-CD inactivated HIV-1 and SIV in a dose-dependent manner and permeabilized the viral membranes, resulting in the loss of mature Gag proteins (capsid, matrix, nucleocapsid, p1, and p6) without loss of the envelope glycoproteins. SIV also lost reverse transcriptase (RT), integrase (IN), and viral RNA. IN appeared to be only slightly diminished in HIV-1, and viral RNA, RT, matrix, and nucleocapsid proteins were retained in HIV-1 but to a much lesser degree. Host proteins located internally in the virus (actin, moesin, and ezrin) and membrane-associated host proteins (major histocompatibility complex classes I and II) remained associated with the treated virions. Electron microscopy revealed that under conditions that permeabilized the viruses, holes were present in the viral membranes and the viral core structure was perturbed. These data provide evidence that an intact viral membrane is required to maintain mature virion core integrity. Since the viruses were not fixed before beta-CD treatment and intact virion particles were recovered, the data suggest that virions may possess a protein scaffold that can maintain overall structure despite disruptions in membrane integrity.  (+info)

Differences in participation of innate and adaptive immunity to respiratory syncytial virus in adults and neonates. (6/215)

Innate and adaptive immune responses to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in neonates were assessed by cord blood mononuclear cell (MC) cytokine expression and proliferation and these responses were compared with those from adult peripheral blood MCs. In adult cells, inactivated and live virus invoked cytokines reflecting both innate and adaptive immunity (interleukin [IL]-6, interferon [IFN]-gamma, IL-2, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-alpha, and IL-10). Low levels of IL-4 were detected, although only with inactivated virus. In contrast, in neonatal cells, inactivated virus invoked large levels of the innate immune cytokines IL-6, TNF-alpha, and IL-10 and reduced levels of IFN-gamma and IL-12 but no adaptive cytokines. Live virus induced fewer innate (IL-6, IL-10, and IFN-gamma) and no adaptive immune cytokines. RSV-induced proliferation was absent in neonatal MCs, although positive in adult MCs. Thus, exposure to RSV does not appear to occur before birth, and adaptive immune insufficiency or greater innate responses may account for early life RSV-induced illnesses.  (+info)

Sucrose density gradient centrifugation and cross-flow filtration methods for the production of arbovirus antigens inactivated by binary ethylenimine. (7/215)

BACKGROUND: Sucrose density gradient centrifugation and cross-flow filtration methods have been developed and standardised for the safe and reproducible production of inactivated arbovirus antigens which are appropriate for use in diagnostic serological applications. METHODS: To optimise the maximum titre of growth during the propagation of arboviruses, the multiplicity of infection and choice of cell line were investigated using stocks of Ross River virus and Barmah Forest virus grown in both mosquito and mammalian cell lines. To standardise and improve the efficacy of the inactivation of arboviral suspensions, stocks of Ross River virus, Barmah Forest virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, Murray Valley encephalitis virus and Alfuy virus were chemically inactivated using binary ethylenimine at a final concentration of 3 mM. Aliquots were then taken at hourly intervals and crude inactivation rates were determined for each virus using a plaque assay. To ensure complete inactivation, the same aliquots were each passaged 3 times in Aedes albopictus C6/36 cells and the presence of viral growth was detected using an immunofluorescent assay. For larger quantities of viral suspensions, centrifugation on an isopycnic sucrose density gradient or cross-flow filtration was used to produce concentrated, pure antigens or partially concentrated, semi-purified antigens respectively. RESULTS: The results of the propagation experiments suggested that the maximum viral titres obtained for both Ross River virus and Barmah Forest virus were affected by the incubation period and choice of cell line, rather than the use of different multiplicity of infection values. Results of the binary ethylenimine inactivation trial suggested that standardised periods of 5 or 8 hours would be suitable to ensure effective and complete inactivation for a number of different arboviral antigens. CONCLUSION: Two methods used to prepare inactivated arbovirus antigens have been standardised to minimise production failure and expenditure and to provide reagents that conform to the highest quality and safety requirements of a diagnostic serology laboratory. The antigens are suitable for use in either enzyme linked immunosorbent assays or haemagglutination inhibition assays and the optimised protocols can be directly applied to produce antigens from new or emerging arboviral pathogens.  (+info)

Replication-incompetent virions of Japanese encephalitis virus trigger neuronal cell death by oxidative stress in a culture system. (8/215)

It has been shown that replication of the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) can trigger infected cells to undergo apoptosis. In the present study, it is further demonstrated that replication-incompetent virions of JEV, obtained by short-wavelength ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, could also induce host-cell death. It was found that UV-inactivated JEV (UV-JEV) caused cell death in neuronal cells such as mouse neuroblastoma N18 and human neuronal NT-2 cells, but not in non-neuronal baby hamster kidney BHK-21 fibroblast or human cervical HeLa cells. Only actively growing, but not growth-arrested, cells were susceptible to the cytotoxic effects of UV-JEV. Killing of UV-JEV-infected N18 cells could be antagonized by co-infection with live, infectious JEV, suggesting that virions of UV-JEV might engage an as-yet-unidentified receptor-mediated death-signalling pathway. Characteristically, mitochondrial alterations were evident in UV-JEV-infected N18 cells, as revealed by electron microscopy and a loss of membrane potential. N18 cells infected by UV-JEV induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB), and the addition of anti-oxidants or specific NF-kappaB inhibitors to the media greatly reduced the cytotoxicity of UV-JEV. Together, the results presented here suggest that replication-incompetent UV-JEV damages actively growing neuronal cells through a ROS-mediated pathway.  (+info)

Viral Inactivation Market - New report by MarketsandMarketsViral Inactivation Market - New report by MarketsandMarkets
Major players in the viral inactivation market include Clean Cells (France), Charles River Laboratories International, Inc. (U.S.), Danaher Corporation (U.S.), Merck KGaA (Germany), Parker Hannifin (U.S.), Rad Source Technologies (U.S.), Sartorius AG (Germany), SGS S.A. (Switzerland), Texcell, Inc. (France), Viral Inactivated Plasma Systems SA (Switzerland), and WuXi PharmaTech (Cayman) Inc. (China).. There is a high degree of consolidation in the viral inactivation market, with few large players dominating the market. High degree of consolidation is major barriers for new entrants in this market. Small and medium-sized players account for a small share of the market and their business interests remain concentrated in local markets across emerging geographies. Merck KGaA (Germany), Danaher Corporation (U.S.), Sartorius AG (Germany), SGS S.A. (Switzerland), and Parker Hannifin (U.S.) are the leaders in this market. The combined market share of these five companies, far exceed that of all other ...
https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/ResearchInsight/viral-inactivation-market.asp
Global Viral Inactivation Market Size, Status and Forecast 2022 : ReportsnReports
[97 Pages Report] Check for Discount on Global Viral Inactivation Market Size, Status and Forecast 2022 report by QYResearch Group. This report studies the global Viral Inactivation market, analyzes and...
http://www.reportsnreports.com/reports/1204169-global-viral-inactivation-market-size-status-and-forecast-2022.html
Influenza Virus Inactivation for Studies of Antigenicity and Phenotypic Neuraminidase Inhibitor Resistance Profiling | Journal...Influenza Virus Inactivation for Studies of Antigenicity and Phenotypic Neuraminidase Inhibitor Resistance Profiling | Journal...
Our study provides validated virus inactivation protocols that allow implementation of phenotypic NAI susceptibility testing, HI assessment (for serology as well antigenic characterization of viruses), and T-cell response characterization using avian, swine, and human influenza viruses under BSL-2 containment conditions. Using pandemic influenza A(H1N1)v virus strains, we illustrate the ease of carrying out Triton X-100 and formalin virus inactivation protocols prior to the assessment of A(H1N1)v virus susceptibility to antivirals and the characterization of B- and T-cell responses, respectively, outside the BSL-3 high-containment facility. These inactivation protocols facilitate the diagnostic examination of pandemic influenza viruses by applying standard laboratory conditions at BSL-2.. Considering results from documented studies and taking ease of use under BSL-3 conditions into account, therefore excluding, e.g., irradiation protocols, we evaluated human A(H3N2) and avian A(H7N3) virus ...
https://jcm.asm.org/content/48/3/928
Influenza Virus Inactivation for Studies of Antigenicity and Phenotypic Neuraminidase Inhibitor Resistance Profiling | Journal...Influenza Virus Inactivation for Studies of Antigenicity and Phenotypic Neuraminidase Inhibitor Resistance Profiling | Journal...
Our study provides validated virus inactivation protocols that allow implementation of phenotypic NAI susceptibility testing, HI assessment (for serology as well antigenic characterization of viruses), and T-cell response characterization using avian, swine, and human influenza viruses under BSL-2 containment conditions. Using pandemic influenza A(H1N1)v virus strains, we illustrate the ease of carrying out Triton X-100 and formalin virus inactivation protocols prior to the assessment of A(H1N1)v virus susceptibility to antivirals and the characterization of B- and T-cell responses, respectively, outside the BSL-3 high-containment facility. These inactivation protocols facilitate the diagnostic examination of pandemic influenza viruses by applying standard laboratory conditions at BSL-2.. Considering results from documented studies and taking ease of use under BSL-3 conditions into account, therefore excluding, e.g., irradiation protocols, we evaluated human A(H3N2) and avian A(H7N3) virus ...
https://jcm.asm.org/content/48/3/928.full
Hepatitis G virus in clotting factor concentrates. - Semantic ScholarHepatitis G virus in clotting factor concentrates. - Semantic Scholar
Blood-borne hepatitis is a well-known complication in patients with bleeding disorders. A recently discovered parentally transmitted virus, hepatitis G [GB virus C (GBV-C)] has an increased prevalence in patients with haemophilia. Clotting factor concentrates derived from pools of human plasma currently undergo viral inactivation techniques known to be effective against hepatitis B, C and HIV; however, the effectiveness of current purification and viral inactivation techniques against newly discovered viruses such as GBV-C is unknown. A total of 37 vials of clotting factor concentrates manufactured in the USA from 1981 to 1995 were tested for the presence of GBV-C virus. All samples that did not undergo a specific viral inactivation step were positive for GBV-C. Viral inactivation techniques that did not uniformly remove GBV-C included vapour heat treatment and dry heat treatments for less than 144 h. All samples treated by pasteurization, solvent detergent or dry heat for 144 h, were negative for the
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Hepatitis-G-virus-in-clotting-factor-concentrates-Alonso-Rubiano-Gerber/9673a70e457098c4ba2e4befbe12577d94563fa0
Viruses | Free Full-Text | Evaluation of Virus Inactivation by Formaldehyde to Enhance Biosafety of Diagnostic Electron...Viruses | Free Full-Text | Evaluation of Virus Inactivation by Formaldehyde to Enhance Biosafety of Diagnostic Electron...
Formaldehyde (FA) fixation of infectious samples is a well-established protocol in diagnostic electron microscopy of viruses. However, published experimental data that demonstrate virus inactivation by these fixation procedures are lacking. Usually, fixation is performed immediately before the sample preparation for microscopy. The fixation procedure should transform viruses in a non-infectious but nonetheless structurally intact form in order to allow a proper diagnosis based on morphology. FA provides an essential advantage in comparison to other disinfectants, because it preserves the ultrastructure of biological material without interfering significantly with the preparation (i.e., the negative staining) and the detection of viruses. To examine the efficiency of FA inactivation, we used Vaccinia virus, Human adenovirus and Murine norovirus as models and treated them with FA under various conditions. Critical parameters for the inactivation efficiency were the temperature, the duration of the FA
http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/7/2/666
An agar plate-based modified carbapenem inactivation method (p-mCIM) for detection of carbapenemase-producing...An agar plate-based modified carbapenem inactivation method (p-mCIM) for detection of carbapenemase-producing...
TY - JOUR. T1 - An agar plate-based modified carbapenem inactivation method (p-mCIM) for detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. AU - Byun, Jung Hyun. AU - Seo, Yonghee. AU - Kim, Daewon. AU - Kim, Myungsook. AU - Lee, Hyukmin. AU - Yong, Dongeun. AU - Lee, Kyungwon. AU - Chong, Yunsop. N1 - Funding Information: We thank Jung Lim Kim for maintaining stock strains and technical assistance. Publisher Copyright: © 2019 Elsevier B.V.. PY - 2020/1. Y1 - 2020/1. N2 - Detecting carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) has become increasingly difficult due to the emergence of diverse enzymes. The aim of the study was to evaluate an agar plate-based modified carbapenem inactivation method (p-mCIM) for detection of CPE. Stock strains and clinical isolates of CPE were used to evaluate the p-mCIM. The p-mCIM was performed as described for the mCIM, except that meropenem disks were placed on the lawn of test organisms on Mueller-Hinton agar (MHA) plates. Among 17 stock strains of ...
https://yonsei.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/an-agar-plate-based-modified-carbapenem-inactivation-method-p-mci
Scoopasia | Press Releases
The competitive landscape of the market for viral inactivation market is a fragmented one characterized with the presence of quite a few large players, according to a report published by Transparency market research. It is revealed in the report that these leading players which are operating in the market account for most of the market share. Some prominent companies in the world market of viral inactivation are Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., V.I.P.S. SA. Merck & Co., Inc., Shandong Weigao Group Medical Polymer Company Limited, Cerus Corporation, Macopharma SA, Terumo BCT, Inc., and Merck & Co, Sartorius AG. The major players are now shifting their emphasis on research and development of viral inactivation to obtain upper hand and stay ahead in this competitive market. These leading companies are also emphasizing on the expansion of their geographical reach through associations with local players ...
http://news.scoopasia.com/index.php/news/viral_inactivation_market_estimated_to_experience_a_hike_in_growth_by_2025/
Viral Clearance Market : Global Industry Analysis, Trend, Size, Share - Business Growth, Opportunity, Forecast by 2030 | Apr 25...Viral Clearance Market : Global Industry Analysis, Trend, Size, Share - Business Growth, Opportunity, Forecast by 2030 | Apr 25...
Press Release issued Apr 25, 2019: The global viral clearance market is segmented by method, application, end user, and region. On the basis of method, the viral clearance market is segmented into viral removal, and viral inactivation. Viral removal segment can further classified into nanofiltration, chromatography, and precipitation. Whereas, the segment of viral inactivation can be additionally divided into solvent detergent method, low pH, pasteurization and other methods of viral inactivation.
http://www.sbwire.com/press-releases/viral-clearance-market-global-industry-analysis-trend-size-share-business-growth-opportunity-forecast-by-2030-1204702.htm
p53 viral inactivation
It is a self evidence that where ever a phenomenon in biology, there is always a claim that nutrition has a place in the process. Maybe. This might be true.Cancer is an omnipresent candidate for nutritional cause and cure. This paper is a wake up call that there are other more scientifically based possible causes…. Read more ...
https://www.nutrition-nutritionists.com/category/p53-viral-inactivation/
KAKEN - Research Projects | Virus Inactivation in Coagulants : Secondary Effect of Aluminum and Iron Coagulation Reactions ...KAKEN - Research Projects | Virus Inactivation in Coagulants : Secondary Effect of Aluminum and Iron Coagulation Reactions ...
Principal Investigator：MATSUI Yoshihiko, Project Period (FY)：2002 - 2004, Research Category：Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Section：一般, Research Field：Civil and environmental engineering
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14350284/
LASER-INDUCED GAS PLASMA MACHINING - Energy Innovation Portal
Techniques for removing material from a substrate are provided. A laser beam is focused at a distance from the surface to be treated. A gas is provided at the focus point. The gas is dissociated using the laser energy to generate gas plasma. The substrate is then brought in contact with the gas plasma to enable material removal.
http://techportal.eere.energy.gov/application.do/ID=29067
United States Gas Plasma Arrester Market Report 2021 : ReportsnReports
[101 Pages Report] Check for Discount on United States Gas Plasma Arrester Market Report 2021 report by QYResearch Group. Notes: Sales, means the sales volume of Gas Plasma Arrester...
http://www.reportsnreports.com/reports/697044-united-states-gas-plasma-arrester-market-report-2021.html
Question about viruses (particularly hiv) - Page 3 - Biology-OnlineQuestion about viruses (particularly hiv) - Page 3 - Biology-Online
All viruses can cause a disease in some way. They are parasites and thus by definition harmful to their hosts in some way. However, in order to cause a human disease the virus must be able to bind its target molecule on a human cell, enter the cell and produce copies of itself. Finally, it must be able to escape the cell and infect others. If any one of those steps fails, there will be no disease. Failure can be the result of wrong specificity (the virus infects completely different cell types or species), immune defense, viral inactivation due to other external sources and so on ...
https://www.biology-online.org/biology-forum/viewtopic.php?t=19834&start=24&hilit=Target%2520response
Drive Units for Mixing | SartoriusDrive Units for Mixing | Sartorius
The LevMixer ®drive unit combines low shear mixing attributes and high torque. It is ideal for the homogenization, viral inactivation and formulation of sensitive drug substances and drug products. The Magnetic Mixer drive unit provides powerful mixing to achieve fast powder dissolution of Buffer and Media.
https://www.sartorius.com/shop/us/en/usd/drive-units-for-mixing/c/M_Drive_Units
Flebogamma DIF - Blink Price $145.79 | Blink HealthFlebogamma DIF - Blink Price $145.79 | Blink Health
Find the Blink Price & Information for Flebogamma DIF - as low as $145.79 - pick up at your pharmacy (Rite Aid, Walmart & more). Price transparency and up to 80% savings.
https://www.blinkhealth.com/flebogamma-dif
Aphios Granted Japanese Patent for Inactivating Viruses and Other Pathogens in Biologics and Human PlasmaAphios Granted Japanese Patent for Inactivating Viruses and Other Pathogens in Biologics and Human Plasma
Woburn, MA- Aphios Corporation today announced that it was granted a Japanese patent for an improved method of inactivating viruses and other pathogens in biologics such as monoclonal antibodies, recombinant therapeutics, human plasma and plasma proteins. The Aphios method is purely physical and does not utilize organic solvents, heat, irradiation, and/or chemicals commonly used in commercially available virus inactivation techniques. As such, therapeutic proteins and enzymes retain structural and biological integrity, and products are left without traces of denaturing solvents or potentially mutagenic chemicals.. The method utilizes supercritical, critical, or near-critical fluids with or without cosolvents (SuperFluids™ or SFS). SuperFluids™ are normally gases which, when compressed, exhibit enhanced solvation, penetration and expansion properties. These fluids are used to permeate and inflate virus particles (virions) and other pathogens. The overfilled particles are then decompressed ...
http://aphios.com/news-and-current-events/press-releases-and-news/press-releases-archive/2009-press-releases/175-aphios-granted-japanese-patent-for-inactivating-viruses-and-other-pathogens-in-biologics-and-human-plasma.html
Medium Pressure Lamps - Atlantium TechnologiesMedium Pressure Lamps - Atlantium Technologies
Advantages of Medium Pressure Lamps : Permanent microbial inactivation, More efficient in virus inactivation, Fewer UV lamps needed, Effective in cold and warm water
https://atlantium.com/en/medium-pressure-lamps.html
Anatech LTD Model SP100 Plasma system | INRF
A Gas Plasma may form whenever gas is exposed to an electric field. If the field is sufficiently strong, a high percentage of gas atoms will surrender an electron or two and become ionized. The resultant ionized gas and liberated energetic electrons comprise the gas plasma or plasma. The ionized gas atoms have relatively little kinetic energy unless they are accelerated through an electric field. When accelerated, they will bombard a surface with sufficient force to dislodge loosley or tightly bound materials or Etch the surface. Plasma effects the etching processes by momentum transfer of material. The use of reactive gases produces molecular level chemical modifications as well.. Gas Plasma Types: Anisotropic plasma is directional and is induced by electrically controlling ions at some specific energy, or range of energies (see Anatech USA Aluminum Box Systems).. Isotropic plasma is multi-directional and engulf an entire 3-D object within the plasma (see Anatech USA Quartz Barrel ICP ...
https://www.inrf.uci.edu/bion/equipment/plasma-asher/anatech-ltd-model-sp100-plasma-system/
Policies & GuidelinesPolicies & Guidelines
Asceniv, Bivigam, Carimune NF, Flebogamma 10% DIF, Flebogamma 5% DIF, Gamunex-C, Gammagard Liquid, Gammagard S/D, Gammaked, Gammaplex, Octagam, Privigen, Panzyga
https://al-policies.exploremyplan.com/portal/web/medical-policies/-/ph-0071?print=1
Kumpulan berita ct value - Okezone.comKumpulan berita ct value - Okezone.com
Okezone.com - Kumpulan berita ct value - Pada pemeriksaan PCR Covid-19 biasanya terdapat nilai cycle threshold atau bisa disebut CT Value. Sebab, CT Value
https://www.okezone.com/tag/ct-value
Global UV Disinfection Equipment Market 2015-2017 & 2023 - Market to Grow with a CAGR of 16.3%
The report predicts the global UV disinfection equipment market to grow with a CAGR of 16.3% over the period of 2017-2023. The report on UV disinfection equipment market is a comprehensive study and presentation of drivers, restraints, opportunities, demand factors, market size, forecasts, and trends in the global UV disinfection equipment market over the period of 2015 to 2023. Moreover, the report is collective presentation of primary and secondary research findings. Porters five forces model in the report provides insights into the competitive rivalry, supplier and buyer positions in the market and opportunities for the new entrants in the global UV disinfection equipment market over the period of 2015 - 2023. Further, the Growth Matrix given in the report brings an insight on the investment areas that existing or new market players can consider.. Segments Covered Global UV Disinfection Equipment market by Application. ...
http://emsf-lisboa.pt/news.php?news=PRNE_English/201712071115PR_NEWS_EURO_ND__EN64613.xml&ling=1
archive-com.com: wateronline.com - UV Disinfection Equipment Market Expected To Reach 28B By 2020
to the growth of the market in APAC and LAMEA UV disinfection is evolving as the latest technology in the water treatment industry Replacement of chlorine based disinfection with advanced disinfection techniques UV and ozone being two major technologies is the key trend boosting the adoption of UV technology Low installation and operational cost along with residue less functioning and ease of maintenance are the key propellants of UV disinfection market Moreover UV nearly doubles the operational efficiency in terms of time required to disinfect water in water treatment compared to chlorine based disinfection techniques The growth of the healthcare and chemical industry is creating tremendous opportunities for the UV disinfection equipment market However widespread use of chlorine based low cost disinfection method is a major restraint for the market UV disinfection finds its uses in diversified areas majorly in water treatment wastewater treatment air treatment process water treatment and ...
http://archive-com.com/com/w/wateronline.com/2016-02-14_7509870_136/UV_Disinfection_Equipment_Market_Expected_To_Reach_28B_By_2020/
China 240W Auto Clean Aquaculture UV Disinfection Machinery - China UV Sterilizers, UV Disinfection MachineryChina 240W Auto Clean Aquaculture UV Disinfection Machinery - China UV Sterilizers, UV Disinfection Machinery
China 240W Auto Clean Aquaculture UV Disinfection Machinery, Find details about China UV Sterilizers, UV Disinfection Machinery from 240W Auto Clean Aquaculture UV Disinfection Machinery - Peide Water Treatment Equipment Co., Ltd.
http://cnpeide.en.made-in-china.com/product/YSlxUKfOhzhc/China-240W-Auto-Clean-Aquaculture-UV-Disinfection-Machinery.html
Methylene blue photochemical treatment as a reliable SARS-CoV-2 plasma virus inactivation method for blood safety and...Methylene blue photochemical treatment as a reliable SARS-CoV-2 plasma virus inactivation method for blood safety and...
In 2020, a new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, quickly spread worldwide within a few months. Although coronaviruses typically infect the upper or lower respiratory tract, the virus RNA can be detected in plasma. The risk of transmitting coronavirus via transfusion of blood products remains. As more asymptomatic infections are identified in COVID-19 cases, blood safety has become particularly important. Methylene blue (MB) photochemical technology has been proven to inactivate lipid-enveloped viruses with high efficiency and safety. The present study aimed to investigate the SARS-CoV-2 inactivation effects of MB in plasma. The SARS-CoV-2 virus strain was isolated from Zhejiang University. The live virus was harvested from cultured VERO-E6 cells, and mixed with MB in plasma. The MB final concentrations were 0, 1, 2, and 4 μM. The
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186%2Fs12879-021-05993-0
Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Immune Globulin Intravenous (Human) Flebogamma® 5% DIF in Patients With Post-polio Syndrome...Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Immune Globulin Intravenous (Human) Flebogamma® 5% DIF in Patients With Post-polio Syndrome...
This is a phase II/III multicenter, prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group clinical trial with an adaptive design (flexible group sequential design with adaptive dose selection) in subjects with PPS.. This study will consist of two stages. The first stage (Stage 1) is for dose selection, and the second stage (Stage 2) is to establish the superiority (efficacy confirmation) of Flebogamma 5% DIF and for overall safety analysis. Stage 1 is a 3-arm evaluation of 2 dose levels of Flebogamma 5% DIF. Flebogamma 5% DIF 2 g/kg of body weight (IVIG 2 g/kg arm), Flebogamma 5% DIF 1 g/kg of body weight plus the equivalent volume of Normal Saline Solution (20 mL/kg of body weight) (IVIG 1 g/kg arm), or a total dose of 40 mL/kg of body weight Normal Saline Solution (equivalent volume of the 2 g/kg of body weight Flebogamma 5% DIF infusions) (placebo arm) will be administered over 2 consecutive days every 4 weeks during a 52-week treatment period. At the end of Stage 1, an ...
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT02176863?view=results
Suitability of carbapenem inactivation method (CIM) for detection of imp metallo-β-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Suitability of carbapenem inactivation method (CIM) for detection of imp metallo-β-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae. AU - Saito, Kyoichi. AU - Nakano, Ryuichi. AU - Suzuki, Yuki. AU - Nakano, Akiyo. AU - Ogawa, Yoshihiko. AU - Yonekawa, Shinsuke. AU - Endo, Shiro. AU - Mizuno, Fumiko. AU - Kasahara, Kei. AU - Mikasa, Keiichi. AU - Kaku, Mitsuo. AU - Yano, Hisakazu. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2018 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2017/4. Y1 - 2017/4. KW - CIM. KW - CPE. KW - CRE. KW - Enterobacteriaceae. KW - IMP. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85016116866&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85016116866&partnerID=8YFLogxK. U2 - 10.1128/JCM.02275-16. DO - 10.1128/JCM.02275-16. M3 - Article. C2 - 28100600. AN - SCOPUS:85016116866. VL - 55. SP - 1220. EP - 1222. JO - Journal of Clinical Microbiology. JF - Journal of Clinical Microbiology. SN - 0095-1137. IS - 4. ER - ...
https://tohoku.pure.elsevier.com/ja/publications/suitability-of-carbapenem-inactivation-method-cim-for-detection-o
mechanisms by which ambient humidity may affect viruses in aerosolsmechanisms by which ambient humidity may affect viruses in aerosols
Abstract. There is mounting evidence that the aerosol transmission route plays a significant role in the spread of influenza in temperate regions and that the efficiency of this route depends on humidity.. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms by which humidity might influence transmissibility via the aerosol route have not been elucidated.. We hypothesize that airborne concentrations of infectious influenza A viruses (IAVs) vary with humidity through its influence on virus inactivation rate and respiratory droplet size.. To gain insight into the mechanisms by which humidity might influence aerosol transmission, we modeled the size distribution and dynamics of IAVs emitted from a cough in typical residential and public settings over a relative humidity (RH) range of 10-90%.. The model incorporates the size transformation of virus-containing droplets due to evaporation and then removal by gravitational settling, ventilation, and virus inactivation. The predicted concentration of infectious IAVs in ...
https://www.condair.cl/estudios-cientificos/mechanisms-by-which-ambient-humidity-may-affect-viruses-in-aerosols
Mechanisms by which ambient humidity may affect viruses in aerosolsMechanisms by which ambient humidity may affect viruses in aerosols
Abstract. There is mounting evidence that the aerosol transmission route plays a significant role in the spread of influenza in temperate regions and that the efficiency of this route depends on humidity.. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms by which humidity might influence transmissibility via the aerosol route have not been elucidated.. We hypothesize that airborne concentrations of infectious influenza A viruses (IAVs) vary with humidity through its influence on virus inactivation rate and respiratory droplet size.. To gain insight into the mechanisms by which humidity might influence aerosol transmission, we modeled the size distribution and dynamics of IAVs emitted from a cough in typical residential and public settings over a relative humidity (RH) range of 10-90%.. The model incorporates the size transformation of virus-containing droplets due to evaporation and then removal by gravitational settling, ventilation, and virus inactivation. The predicted concentration of infectious IAVs in ...
https://www.condair.co.ke/scientific-studies/mechanisms-by-which-ambient-humidity-may-affect-viruses-in-aerosols
Multiphysical Modeling of Calcium Carbonate Transportation in UV Disinfection in Water TreatmentMultiphysical Modeling of Calcium Carbonate Transportation in UV Disinfection in Water Treatment
Mineral precipitation on to the quartz surface of the lamp jackets in UV disinfection process (fouling) has been recognized as a major problem for UV radiation delivery during disinfection operation. Fouling behavior was observed to be induced thermally and influenced by hydraulic character of the UV disinfection configuration. Fouling process involves momentum, heat, and mass transport within the treated water. A Multiphysics modeling software, COMSOL, was used as the tool to simulate this fouling behavior.. ...
https://www.comsol.it/paper/multiphysical-modeling-of-calcium-carbonate-transportation-in-uv-disinfection-in-7104
Patent WO2014093443A1 - Split wiper assembly for uv disinfection modules - Google PatentPatent WO2014093443A1 - Split wiper assembly for uv disinfection modules - Google Patent
The present invention is directed to a cleaning system for a UV disinfection module. In general, the UV disinfection module may have a pair of headers with a multiplicity of UV lamps extending therebetween. The cleaning system may include a cleaning plate having a multiplicity of openings therein, the openings arranged to substantially coincide with positions of the lamps to permit movement of the plate between the headers; a split wiper assembly including a plurality of wiper portions, each wiper portion mounted in a housing, the split wiper assembly connected to the cleaning plate and substantially encircling each opening, sized such that each split wiper assembly has an inner diameter less than the exterior diameter of a corresponding lamp; and a movement device operatively connected to move the plate between the headers.
http://www.google.se/patents/WO2014093443A1?cl=en
Medical UV Disinfection Equipment Market - Segment by Application and Geography Trends and Forecasts 2021 | MedgadgetMedical UV Disinfection Equipment Market - Segment by Application and Geography Trends and Forecasts 2021 | Medgadget
Medical UV Disinfection Equipment market is expected to expand at over the period between 2016 and 2021. Medical UV Disinfection Equipment Market report fo
https://www.medgadget.com/2017/01/medical-uv-disinfection-equipment-market-segment-by-application-and-geography-trends-and-forecasts-2021.html
UV Disinfection Equipment Market - Transparency Market ResearchUV Disinfection Equipment Market - Transparency Market Research
Global UV disinfection equipment market is projected to witness strong growth with a CAGR of 14.1% between 2013 and 2019; UV disinfection equipment market is anticipated to rise to a value of US$2,467.3 mn by the end of 2019.
https://www.transparencymarketresearch.com/pressrelease/ultraviolet-disinfection-equipment-market.htm
Xenex Germ Zapping Robots, UV Disinfection Services Tuesday, May 17, 2016Xenex Germ Zapping Robots, UV Disinfection Services Tuesday, May 17, 2016
Join us as guest, and co-founder of Xenex, Dr. Mark Stibich Epidemiologist and Chief Scientific Officer, discusses UV Disinfection with Xenex | Xenex Germ Zapping Robots, UV Disinfection Services Tuesday, May 17, 2016 on C. diff. Spores and More | VoiceAmerica - The Leader in Internet Media
https://www.voiceamerica.com/episode/92336/null
Disinfection System - Nano Tech UV Disinfection System Exporter from New DelhiDisinfection System - Nano Tech UV Disinfection System Exporter from New Delhi
Exporter of Disinfection System - Nano Tech UV Disinfection System, UVC Disinfection, SSC Salt Cell and Swimming Pool Salt Chlorinator offered by Vardhman Chemi - Sol Industries, New Delhi, Delhi.
https://www.vardhmanswimmingpool.com/disinfection-system.html
UV disinfection of wastewater flocs: the effect of secondary treatment conditions on Environmental XPRTUV disinfection of wastewater flocs: the effect of secondary treatment conditions on Environmental XPRT
Article UV disinfection of wastewater flocs: the effect of secondary treatment conditions. Activated sludge flocs that are carried to the final effluent can significantly decrease the effectiveness of ultraviolet (UV) disinfection of wastewater. This...
https://www.environmental-expert.com/articles/uv-disinfection-of-wastewater-flocs-the-effect-of-secondary-treatment-conditions-380104
Neo-Pure NP5-3 UV Disinfection System - 3 GPM - Fresh Water SystemsNeo-Pure NP5-3 UV Disinfection System - 3 GPM - Fresh Water Systems
The Neo-Pure NP5-3 UV Disinfection System is designed to ensure safe drinking water for your family despite the presence of harmful bacteria. Ultraviolet light neutralizes the DNA of harmful viruses and bacteria, such as Cryptosporidium, Giardia, and E-Coli so theyre unable to reproduce. This NSF Class B Certified sys
https://www.freshwatersystems.com/collections/uv-water-purification/products/neo-pure-np5-3-uv-disinfection-system-3-gpm
UV Sanitizing Box - Uv Sanitizing Box / Uv Disinfection Box Manufacturer from Greater NoidaUV Sanitizing Box - Uv Sanitizing Box / Uv Disinfection Box Manufacturer from Greater Noida
Manufacturer of UV Sanitizing Box - Uv Sanitizing Box / Uv Disinfection Box offered by Hbeonlabs Technologies Private Limited, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh.
https://www.hbeonlabs.net/uv-sanitizing-box.html
Hospital UV Disinfection: Highly Effective with Automatic Solutions - LightSourcesHospital UV Disinfection: Highly Effective with Automatic Solutions - LightSources
UVC germicidal lamps by LightSources support OEMs with high-quality, high-tech products and custom solutions for any hospital UV disinfection system.
https://www.light-sources.com/blog/hospital-uv-disinfection-highly-effective-with-automatic-solutions/
Small-scale drinking water treatment unit of filtration and UV disinfection for remote area | Water Supply | IWA PublishingSmall-scale drinking water treatment unit of filtration and UV disinfection for remote area | Water Supply | IWA Publishing
Highlights. This pilot study proved the effective performance of biofiltration, physical filtration and UV disinfection for removing the pollutants from source
https://iwaponline.com/ws/article/doi/10.2166/ws.2020.109/74431/Small-scale-drinking-water-treatment-unit-of
UV Disinfection Systems for Spas and Hydro Pools - ATG UVUV Disinfection Systems for Spas and Hydro Pools - ATG UV
Discover how UV disinfection spas and hydro pools can eliminate microorganisms such as E-Coli, Legionella and Cryptosporidium. Find out more
https://atguv.com/case-study/uv-systems-spas-hydro-pools/
Sanuvox Releases the ASEPTIX² Dual UV Disinfection System to Help Reduce Nosocomial (HAI) Infections in Hospital EnvironmentsSanuvox Releases the ASEPTIX² Dual UV Disinfection System to Help Reduce Nosocomial (HAI) Infections in Hospital Environments
Montreal, Canada (PRWEB) November 20, 2013 -- The Sanuvox ASEPTIX² Dual UV Disinfection System uses a primary and secondary unit to sterilize high-touch
http://www.prweb.com/releases/sanuvox/aseptix/prweb11350135.htm
Containerised Uv Disinfection Package Applications on Environmental XPRTContainerised Uv Disinfection Package Applications on Environmental XPRT
Results for containerised uv disinfection package from leading brands. Compare and contact a supplier near you on Environmental XPRT
https://www.environmental-expert.com/applications/keyword-containerised-uv-disinfection-package-72592
Disinfection of Viruses | IntechOpenDisinfection of Viruses | IntechOpen
|p| The disinfection of enveloped and non-enveloped viruses on hard and porous surfaces, liquid suspensions, and indoor air or aerosols is to be addressed. Articles will be solicited from experts in the field. The book is envisioned as a compilation of previously unpublished empirical data on viral disinfection methods and their efficacy. Review articles discussing existing data will also be entertained, as well as articles pertaining to mechanisms of viral inactivation or to comparisons between efficacy for different virus families.|/p| |p| While the data are expected to be obtained primarily from in vitro studies, in vivo data will also be considered. Data obtained using standardized methods (ASTM, EN, etc.) are preferred. If standardized methods are not used, the methods section of the article will need to be sufficiently detailed that others can reproduce and interpret the results presented. Data specific to SARS-CoV-2 or its surrogate coronaviruses is preferred, although data for other viruses
https://www.intechopen.com/welcome/d7f3f66e22e16c3751989918a43b3210
Efficacy of topical cobalt chelate CTC-96 against adenovirus in a cell culture model and against adenovirus...Efficacy of topical cobalt chelate CTC-96 against adenovirus in a cell culture model and against adenovirus...
Adenovirus (Ad), associated with significant morbidity, has no topical treatment. A leading CTC compound (CTC-96), a CoIII chelate, was found to have potent in vitro and in vivo antiviral efficacy against herpes viruses. In this study CTC-96 is being tested for possible anti-Adenovirus activity. The biological anti-adenovirus activity of CTC-96 in concentrations from 5 to 250 ug/ml, was evaluated initially by viral inactivation (viral exposure to CTC-96 followed by dilution and inoculation of cells), virucidal (viral exposure to CTC-96 and inoculation of cells without dilution) and antiviral (effect of CTC-96 on previously adsorbed virus) plaque assays on HeLa (human cervical carcinoma), A549 (human lung carcinoma) and SIRC (rabbit corneal) cells. After verifying the antiviral activity, New Zealand White rabbits were infected with Ad-5 into: 1) the anterior cul-de-sac scarifying the conjunctiva (Group C+); 2) the anterior cul-de-sac scarifying the conjunctiva and cornea (Group CC+); 3) the stroma
https://bmcophthalmol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2415-6-22/metrics
Welcome to CDC stacks | Evidence for the Transmission of Parvovirus B19 in Patients with Bleeding Disorders Treated with Plasma...Welcome to CDC stacks | Evidence for the Transmission of Parvovirus B19 in Patients with Bleeding Disorders Treated with Plasma...
Parvovirus B19 (B19V) is a small, non-enveloped virus that typically causes a benign flu-like illness that occurs most frequently in childhood. The virus is resistant to current viral inactivation steps used in the manufacture of anti-hemophilic factor concentrates and B19V transmission through these products has been documented. Since 2000, B19V nucleic acid test (NAT) screening of plasma pools has been implemented to further decrease the viral burden in these products, but no study has examined populations using these products to assess the impact of the screening on B19V transmission ...
https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/33837
Hepatitis CHepatitis C
Hepatitis C has been identified as the most common cause of post-transfusion hepatitis worldwide, accounting for approximately 90% of this disease in Japan, the United States and Western Europe. Hepatitis C is a major global public health problem. New infections continue to occur, and the source of infection includes transfusion of blood or blood products from unscreened donors; transfusion of blood products that have not undergone viral inactivation; parenteral exposure to blood through use of contaminated and inadequately sterilized instruments and needles used in medical, dental and ‘traditional’ medicine; procedures such as hemodialysis; high risk sexual practices; household or sexual contacts of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected persons; and infants of HCV-infected mothers. In many countries, the relative contribution of the various sources of infection has not been defined with population-based epidemiological studies. Such studies are necessary to enable countries
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/cjgh/2000/630301/
DCS Reopening FAQs - Duanesburg Central School DistrictDCS Reopening FAQs - Duanesburg Central School District
COVID-19 saliva test (vimeo.com). Saliva is collected using the ORAcollect•RNA (OR-100/ORE-100) saliva collection device or the OMNIgene•ORAL (OM-505/OME-505) collection device. Collection is performed following the Instructions for Use included on the pouch of the OR-100/ORE-100 and OM-505/OME-505 collection devices.. Once received by the laboratory, the ORAcollect•RNA (OR-100/ORE-100) and OMNIgene•ORAL (OM-505/OME-505) collection devices containing saliva samples are incubated at 60 °C for 2 hours for viral inactivation. After incubation, samples are either tested individually or up to 12 samples can be pooled with equal volumes, as desired. Subsequently, RNA is extracted from either 100 µL of the individual sample or 100 µL of the pooled sample using the Clarifi COVID-19 Extraction Kit, for which 100 µl sample input volume is used. RNA is eluted in 30 µL of DNase/RNase-Free Water and 1.5 µL of the eluted RNA is used for the down-stream qRT-PCR reaction.. The test consists of ...
https://www.duanesburg.org/dcs-reopening-faqs/
Factor 8 Archives - Hemophilia Federation of AmericaFactor 8 Archives - Hemophilia Federation of America
March 31, 2016. Note: The following in an edited press release from Kedrion Biopharma. The original release can be read in its entirety here. Kedrion Biopharma has gained approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to package Koāte® Double Viral Inactivation (DVI) Antihemophilic Factor (human) with Mix2Vial™, a needle-free transfer device. The new packaging is designed to offer hemophilia […]. ...
https://www.hemophiliafed.org/news-stories/tag/factor-8/
Transduction of acute myeloid leukemia cells with third generation self-inactivating lentiviral vectors expressing CD80 and GM...Transduction of acute myeloid leukemia cells with third generation self-inactivating lentiviral vectors expressing CD80 and GM...
PubMed comprises more than 30 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12200676?dopt=Abstract
Cocoa, FL - Official WebsiteCocoa, FL - Official Website
The Utilities Department continues to refine its emergency action plans and continued operations plan as the pandemic evolves. In the event that a worker gets sick, the City of Cocoa has policies in place to quarantine the individual affected. The plant currently runs on shifts and we have sufficient licensed operators to make shift adjustments for workers who become sick and still be able to safely operate the plant. There are a number of treatment processes at the plant from the filters until it hits your tap that provide virus inactivation in accordance with FDEP and EPA guidelines and there is no direct contact with workers after the filters and no ability to contaminate the water. The City has also implemented a few policies during this time to limit interaction with the public in our facilities and to continually sanitize our facilities.. ...
https://cocoafl.org/Faq.aspx?QID=424
Pinboard: bookmarks for jm tagged cleaning
Rapid treatment of the virus with hot water had little effect on the virus, reducing the titre by around two-fold, but prolonged incubation at 55°C abolished detectable infectivity. However, the addition of any of 1% bleach, 50% and 10% malt vinegar and 1%, 0.1% and 0.01% washing up liquid were all effective at rapidly reducing viable virus below the limit of detection, while a low concentration of vinegar (1%) was no more effective than hot water alone (Figure 1A). In contrast to the plaque assay results, most agents were ineffective at reducing the number of detectable genome copies as determined by RT-PCR, with only bleach having a significant effect (Figure 2A). The data for the plaque assays and RT-PCR assays are compiled in Tables S1 and S2. Thus, while a strong oxidizing agent such as bleach is effective at reducing both genome detection and virus infectivity, low pH and detergent are equally efficacious virucidal agents. These results also indicate that whilst vinegar and detergent ...
http://pinboard.in/u:jm/t:cleaning
All Our Services2 - Main Street Animal Services of HopkintonAll Our Services2 - Main Street Animal Services of Hopkinton
Ozone therapy is one of the most positive approaches to healing. When you have inflammation, swelling, infection, bruising, and even cancer there is higher amounts of CO2 within the tissue. When we give ozone it brings in Oxygen into the tissue and displaces the CO2 and inflammation, infection and bruising goes down. Ozone is a very effective treatment in acute and chronic viral diseases, acting as a virucidal agent and in improving the general health of animals. It is also effective for acute and chronic bacterial diseases, including those that do not respond well to antibiotics. These bacterial diseases include leptospirosis, Lyme disease, brucellosis, botulism and septicemia. Ozone can effectively relieve acute asthmatic attacks, as well as reverse the allergic component from the inhalation of molds, dust and other allergens. Perhaps the most exciting application of ozone is as an effective adjunct to high-PH therapy for leukemias, lymphomas and other malignancies. ...
http://www.mashvet.com/all-our-services2.html
Patent US6004742 - Method for inactivation of pathogens in platelets using 4 and 5 primary ... - Google PatentsPatent US6004742 - Method for inactivation of pathogens in platelets using 4 and 5 primary ... - Google Patents
Psoralen compounds are synthesized which have substitutions on the 4, 4, 5, and 8 positions of the psoralen, which permit enhanced binding to nucleic add of pathogens. Higher psoralen binding levels and lower mutagenicity are described, resulting in safer, more efficient, and reliable inactivation of pathogens in blood products. The invention contemplates inactivation methods using the new psoralens which do not compromise the function of blood products for transfusion. In particular compounds with primary aminoalkyl substitutions on the 4 or 5 positions of psoralen are used to inactivate pathogens in blood products such as platelets.
http://www.google.ca/patents/US6004742
Xenex LightStrike Robot Destroys SARS-CoV-2 (Coronavirus) in 2 Minutes; First & Only UV Disinfection Technology Proven to...Xenex LightStrike Robot Destroys SARS-CoV-2 (Coronavirus) in 2 Minutes; First & Only UV Disinfection Technology Proven to...
The Xenex LightStrike pulsed xenon disinfection robot is the first and only UV technology proven to deactivate the actual SARS-CoV-2 virus.
https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20200430005656/en/
Xenex Healthcare Services Xenex UV Disinfection System (February, 2015)Xenex Healthcare Services Xenex UV Disinfection System (February, 2015)
Xenexs patented pulsed xenon Full Spectrum UV room disinfection system is a pesticidal device used for the advanced cleaning of healthcare facilities. Due
https://www.outpatientsurgery.net/did-you-see-this/2015/02/xenex-uv-disinfection-system
Xenex Healthcare Services Xenex UV Disinfection System (February, 2014)Xenex Healthcare Services Xenex UV Disinfection System (February, 2014)
Xenexs patented pulsed xenon Full Spectrum UV room disinfection system is a pesticidal device used for the advanced cleaning of healthcare facilities. Due
http://www.outpatientsurgery.net/did-you-see-this/2014/02/xenex-uv-disinfection-system
C. elegans rrf-1 mutations maintain RNAi efficiency in the soma in addition to the germlineC. elegans rrf-1 mutations maintain RNAi efficiency in the soma in addition to the germline
Gene inactivation through RNA interference (RNAi) has proven to be a valuable tool for studying gene function in C. elegans. When combined with tissue-specific gene inactivation methods, RNAi has the potential to shed light on the function of a gene in distinct tissues. In this study we characterize …
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22574120/?dopt=Abstract
Coronavirus, from Plasma an anti Covid-19 treatment | KedrionCoronavirus, from Plasma an anti Covid-19 treatment | Kedrion
In order to tackle the serious health emergency caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, Kedrions R&D department set to work immediately to develop potential therapies in the shortest possible time. In this respect, our efforts are concentrated on the use of convalescent plasma (donated by patients who have recovered from the disease, and rich in anti-virus antibodies) obtained through pathogen inactivation methods, and Immunoglobulin extracted from the plasma of patients who have recovered and are immune to the virus, produced on an industrial scale.. Kedrion Biopharma has provided this plan of action in order to tackle the serious health emergency caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.. In a statement, Dott. Alessandro Gringeri, Kedrion Biopharma Chief Medical and R&D Officer says: There have been many diseases in the past which have benefited from this type of treatment. The success rate is very high, close to 90-95%. This has encouraged us to focus our resources and investments in obtaining in the ...
https://www.kedrion.de/en/coronavirus-plasma-anti-covid-19-treatment?language=en-us
Mini Sun 1 UV Disinfection Lamp USB Connection 12 LED White Light Beads OLED Display Built-in 5 UVC LED Lamp Chips
friendly during use. Product model: Mini Sun 1 Product size: 383*70.8*18mm Product weight: 739 Input voltage: 5V DC Input power: 5W Input interface: USB Sterilization lamp beads: 5 Illumination lamp beads: 12 ...
https://chileva.cl/mini-sun-1-uv-disinfection-lamp-usb-connection-12-led-white-light-beads-oled-display-built-in-5-uvc-led-lamp-chips/
UV disinfection | Best Water Filter 2017
Water filtering is divided into two kinds: industrial pre filtration and family filtration. Industrial pre filter is generally a large capacity filter, which belongs to coarse filter, because need to deal with a large amount Read More …. ...
http://wapurifier.com/tag/uv-disinfection/
Consulting - Specifying Engineer | UV disinfection advice and tipsConsulting - Specifying Engineer | UV disinfection advice and tips
Consulting - Specifying Engineer - Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, Henderson Engineers director of engineering, Dustin Schafer, and many of our technical leaders, including
https://www.csemag.com/articles/uv-disinfection-advice-and-tips/
Pathogens | UV Disinfection Services and Education -- Clean Sweep Group IncPathogens | UV Disinfection Services and Education -- Clean Sweep Group Inc
Clean Sweep Group, Inc. is the first company to offer comprehensive infection prevention services through microbial cleaning and education to businesses of all sizes
http://csgiusa.com/solution/pathogens
Technology | UV Disinfection Services and Education -- Clean Sweep Group IncTechnology | UV Disinfection Services and Education -- Clean Sweep Group Inc
Clean Sweep Group, Inc. is the first company to offer comprehensive infection prevention services through microbial cleaning and education to businesses of all sizes
http://csgiusa.com/solution/technology
Virus inactivationVirus inactivation
Viral inactivation is used widely in the blood plasma industry. In order to achieve inactivation of the viruses in the sample, ... Viral inactivation is to stop the viruses in a given sample from contaminating the desired product either by removing viruses ... Viral inactivation renders viruses unable to infect. Many viruses contain lipid or protein coats that can be inactivated by ... There is also no inactivation effect by the buffers used in this process. Inactivation of viruses by means of pasteurization ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus_inactivation
KethoxalKethoxal
Staehelin, Matthys (1959). "Inactivation of virus nucleic acid with glyoxal derivatives". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 31 (2): 448- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kethoxal
Apple mosaic virusApple mosaic virus
This inactivation was ultimately tested by the ELISA detection method. On the contrary, lower temperatures and low heat ... ApMV is a positive sense RNA based virus. The disease itself has several synonyms including Mild Apple Mosaic Virus, Hop Virus ... Apple mosaic virus (ApMV) is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Bromoviridae. It is named after its symptoms that were ... "Virus and Virus-like Diseases of Pome and Stone Fruits". Issuu. Retrieved 2021-01-14. Hunter, J. A.; Chamberlain, E. E.; ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_mosaic_virus
Escherichia virus T4Escherichia virus T4
The bottom figure shows the survival curves for inactivation of virus T4 by the DNA damaging agent mitomycin C (MMC). In this ... Escherichia virus T4 is a species of bacteriophages that infect Escherichia coli bacteria. It is a double-stranded DNA virus in ... Surviving T4 virus released from multicomplexes show no increase in mutation, indicating that MR of UV irradiated virus is an ... The time it takes for DNA replication in a living cell was measured as the rate of virus T4 DNA elongation in virus-infected E ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escherichia_virus_T4
Waste stabilization pondWaste stabilization pond
Removal of pathogenic bacteria and viruses occurs mainly by inactivation. Pathogens are inactivated as a result of a complex ... Both of these factors promote the removal of pathogenic bacteria and viruses. Given the high surface area of the maturation ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waste_stabilization_pond
Vitamin CVitamin C
Madhusudana SN, Shamsundar R, Seetharaman S (January 2004). "In vitro inactivation of the rabies virus by ascorbic acid". ... Several studies found ascorbate to have specific antiviral effects in which it inactivates the RNA or DNA of viruses or in the ... Lachapelle MY, Drouin G (February 2011). "Inactivation dates of the human and guinea pig vitamin C genes". Genetica. 139 (2): ... Murata A, Oyadomari R, Ohashi T, Kitagawa K (1975). "Mechanism of inactivation of bacteriophage deltaA containing single- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_C
Butylated hydroxytolueneButylated hydroxytoluene
Kim, K. S; Moon, H. M; Sapienza, V; Carp, R. I; Pullarkat, R (1978). "Inactivation of cytomegalovirus and Semliki Forest virus ... First, there are studies that describe virus inactivation-where treatment with the chemical results in disrupted or otherwise ... which disrupt viruses by insertion of the chemical into the virus membrane, coat, or other structure, which are established ... Moreover, no group of articles constitute a series, reflecting long-term study of BHT in a host-virus pair by the same research ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butylated_hydroxytoluene
Beta-PropiolactoneBeta-Propiolactone
"Investigations of the Use of Beta-Propiolactone in Virus Inactivation". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 83 (4): 578 ... It is used to inactivate a wide variety of viruses, for example as a step in vaccine production. The principal use of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta-Propiolactone
Cymbidium mosaic virusCymbidium mosaic virus
... and inactivation of cymbidium mosaic and odontoglossum ringspot viruses". Plant Disease. 78 (6): 633-636. doi:10.1094/PD-78- ... When the virus infects TGB 1, it allows for the virus to move easily through the plasmodesmata. After the virus infects TGB 2 ... Cymbidium mosaic virus (CymMV) is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Alphaflexiviridae. Cymbidium mosaic virus and the ... It is related to the Narcissus mosaic virus (NMV), the Scallion virus X (SVX), the Pepino mosaic virus (PepMV) and the Potato ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cymbidium_mosaic_virus
Antimicrobial properties of copperAntimicrobial properties of copper
The result is inactivation of bacteria or viruses. Copper complexes form radicals that inactivate viruses. Copper may disrupt ... Vasudevachari, M; Antony, A (1982). "Inhibition of avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase and virus inactivation by ... Noyce, JO; Michels, H; Keevil, CW (2007). "Inactivation of Influenza A Virus on Copper versus Stainless Steel Surfaces". ... Influenza A virus was found to survive in large numbers on stainless steel. Once surfaces are contaminated with virus particles ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimicrobial_properties_of_copper
Antimicrobial surfaceAntimicrobial surface
Silver also leads to UV inactivation of bacteria and viruses because silver ions are photoactive in the presence of UV-A and UV ... Noyce JO, Michels H, Keevil CW (April 2007). "Inactivation of influenza A virus on copper versus stainless steel surfaces". ... Chitosan proves to be effective against bacteria, viruses, and fungi, however it is more effective against fungi and viruses ... However, the viruses can also be transmitted when a person touches respiratory droplets settled on an object or surface. It is ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimicrobial_surface
Mutagenesis (molecular biology technique)Mutagenesis (molecular biology technique)
Promoter insertion has helped researchers learn more about the HIV virus. The third mechanism is gene inactivation. An example ... Retroviruses, such as the mouse mammory tumor virus and murine leukemia virus, can be used to identify genes involved in ... Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) is also often used to generate animal, plant, and virus mutants. In a European Union law (as 2001/ ... of gene inactivation is using insertional mutagenesis to insert a retrovirus that disrupts the genome of the T cell in leukemia ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutagenesis_(molecular_biology_technique)
Bioremediation of radioactive wasteBioremediation of radioactive waste
"Ionizing Radiation Inactivation of Medically Relevant Viruses" (Web). In Gazsó, L.G; Ponta, C.C (eds.). Radiation Inactivation ... Its action on viruses, on the other hand, results in damaged nucleic acids and viral inactivation. They have a sensory ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioremediation_of_radioactive_waste
Binary ethylenimineBinary ethylenimine
Bahnemann, H. G. (1976). "Inactivation of viruses in serum with binary ethyleneimine". Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 3 (2 ... It is used to inactivate the foot-and-mouth disease virus in vaccines for cattle, as well as other viruses and mycoplasma in ... Bahnemann, H. G. (1975). "Binary ethylenimine as an inactivant for foot-and-mouth disease virus and its application for vaccine ... it was found that trimeric ethylenimine also alters proteins in virus preparations, especially at higher pH values. The ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_ethylenimine
Hepatitis F virusHepatitis F virus
A Suitable Marker of in vivo Efficacy for Pathogen Inactivation". Vox Sang. 95 (1): 76-8. doi:10.1111/j.1423-0410.2008.01050.x ... and the virus was named hepatitis F or Toga virus. Further investigations failed to confirm the existence of the virus, and it ... "orphan virus" with no causal links to any human disease. Uchida, T. (1993). "Genetic Variations of the Hepatitis B Virus and ... A subsequently-discovered virus thought to cause hepatitis was named Hepatitis G, though its role in hepatitis has not been ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis_F_virus
TachyplesinTachyplesin
Murakami T, Niwa M, Tokunaga F, Miyata T, Iwanaga S (1991). "Direct virus inactivation of tachyplesin I and its isopeptides ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tachyplesin
Triton X-100Triton X-100
The virus inactivation studies comprised experiments with several relevant viruses under various conditions. It turned out that ... Some applications include: Inactivation of lipid-enveloped viruses (e.g. HIV, HBV, HCV) in manufacturing of biopharmaceuticals ... where most virus inactivation steps in biopharmaceutical manufacturing are conducted, both Triton X-100 reduced and Nereid ... wiki Inactivation of Influenza Viruses by Triton X-100 Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), α-[4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenyl-ω- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triton_X-100
Triethylene glycolTriethylene glycol
... the inactivation of H1N1 influenza A virus on surfaces has been demonstrated. The latter investigation suggests that ... meningopneumonitis virus strain Cal 10 and psittacosis virus strain 6BC), Group C streptococcus, type 1 pneumococcus, ... Turgeon N, Michel K, Ha TL, Robine E, Moineau S, Duchaine C (2016). "Resistance of Aerosolized Bacterial Viruses to Four ... Rudnick SN, McDevitt JJ, First MW, Spengler JD (2009). "Inactivating influenza viruses on surfaces using hydrogen peroxide or ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triethylene_glycol
Edwin Herman LennetteEdwin Herman Lennette
Hanson, C. V.; Riggs, J. L.; Lennette, E. H. (1978). "Photochemical Inactivation of DNA and RNA Viruses by Psoralen Derivatives ... "Field Evaluation of a Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine and a Trivalent Parainfluenza Virus Vaccine in a Pediatric ... From 1941 to 1944 he was stationed in Brazil and did research on yellow fever and encephalitis viruses. From 1944 to 1946 he ... Smith, M. G.; Lennette, E. H.; Reames, H. R. (1941). "Isolation of the virus of herpes simplex and the demonstration of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwin_Herman_Lennette
Human viruses in waterHuman viruses in water
Double stranded DNA viruses like adenoviruses are more resistant to UV light inactivation than enteroviruses because they can ... human Influenza virus or avian influenza viruses respectively). Different viruses can have different routes of transmission; ... Visible light can also affect virus survival by a process called photodynamic inactivation but the length and intensity of the ... Viruses can cause massive human mortality. The smallpox virus killed an estimated 10 to 15 million human beings per year until ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_viruses_in_water
PlateletPlatelet
Ruane PH, Edrich R, Gampp D, Keil SD, Leonard RL, Goodrich RP (June 2004). "Photochemical inactivation of selected viruses and ... Another photochemical treatment process utilizing amotosalen and UVA light has been developed for the inactivation of viruses, ... Prowse CV (April 2013). "Component pathogen inactivation: a critical review". Vox Sanguinis. 104 (3): 183-99. doi:10.1111/j. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platelet
MonolaurinMonolaurin
Thormar, H; Isaacs, C E; Brown, H R; Barshatzky, M R; Pessolano, T (1 January 1987). "Inactivation of enveloped viruses and ... Isaacs, CE; Kim, KS; Thormar, H (6 June 1994). "Inactivation of enveloped viruses in human bodily fluids by purified lipids". ... Monolaurin is known to inactivate lipid-coated viruses by binding to the lipid-protein envelope of the virus, thereby ... Sands, J; Auperin, D; Snipes, W (January 1979). "Extreme sensitivity of enveloped viruses, including herpes simplex, to long- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monolaurin
Water bottleWater bottle
Hijnen, W.A.M. (2006). "Inactivation credit of UV radiation for viruses, bacteria and protozoan oocysts in water: A review". ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_bottle
Decay-accelerating factorDecay-accelerating factor
... protects human immunodeficiency virus type 1 from inactivation by human complement". Eur J Immunol. 25 (1): 285-90. doi:10.1002 ... 2004). "Virus-receptor interactions of coxsackie B viruses and their putative influence on cardiotropism". Med. Microbiol. ... Echoviruses and coxsackie B viruses that use human decay-accelerating factor (DAF) as a receptor do not bind the rodent ... Spiller OB, Goodfellow IG, Evans DJ, Almond JW, Morgan BP (January 2000). "Echoviruses and coxsackie B viruses that use human ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decay-accelerating_factor
Papaya lethal yellowing virusPapaya lethal yellowing virus
PLYV has a thermal inactivation point of 80 °C. PLYV can be controlled in various ways. These include use of virus-free ... Therefore, it is not likely that the virus has been introduced to other regions. It is more likely that the virus was present ... Loebenstein, Gad (2003). Virus and Virus-like Diseases of Major Crops in Developing Countries (Developments in Cardiovascular ... and adopting growing techniques that reduce human-assisted transmission of the virus. Control of the virus is economically ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papaya_lethal_yellowing_virus
BetanodavirusBetanodavirus
"Effect of chemical and physical treatments on the inactivation of striped jack nervous necrosis virus (SJNNV)". Aquaculture. ... virus Redspotted grouper nervous necrosis virus Striped jack nervous necrosis virus Tiger puffer nervous necrosis virus Sahul ... Betanodavirus, or nervous necrosis virus (NNV), is a genus of noneveloped positive-strand RNA viruses in the family Nodaviridae ... Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription, using the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betanodavirus
Entry inhibitorEntry inhibitor
Duong YT, Meadows DC, Srivastava IK, Gervay-Hague J, North TW (May 2007). "Direct inactivation of human immunodeficiency virus ... Entry inhibitors, also known as fusion inhibitors, are a class of antiviral drugs that prevent a virus from entering a cell, ... VIR-576 is a synthesized peptide which binds to gp41, preventing fusion of the virus with a cell membrane. ITX5061 for ... Merck Manual.com Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection Table 4 [1] Williamson MP, McCormick TG, Nance CL, Shearer WT ( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entry_inhibitor
VirucideVirucide
Note that the meaning of Virus inactivation or Viral clearance is specific for the medical process industry, i. e. to remove ... 1997). "Inactivation of human viruses by povidone-iodine in comparison with other antiseptics". Dermatology. 195 (Suppl 2): 29- ... Croughan WS, Behbehani AM (February 1988). "Comparative study of inactivation of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 by commonly ... and other viruses, but coxsackievirus and polio was rather resistant or less sensitive to inactivation. In the beginning of the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virucide
MouthwashMouthwash
1997). "Inactivation of human viruses by povidone-iodine in comparison with other antiseptics". Dermatology. 195 Suppl 2 (2): ... Bidra AS, Pelletier JS, Westover JB, Frank S, Brown SM, Tessema B (August 2020). "Comparison of In Vitro Inactivation of SARS ... PVP-I in general covers "a wider virucidal spectrum, covering both enveloped and nonenveloped viruses, than the other ... second-line defense against severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in dental healthcare". Infection Control ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mouthwash
Influenza A virusInfluenza A virus
Influenza virus is able to undergo multiplicity reactivation after inactivation by UV radiation, or by ionizing radiation. If ... Influenza A virus has the following subtypes: Influenza A virus subtype H1N1 Influenza A virus subtype H1N2 Influenza A virus ... Influenza type A viruses are very similar in structure to influenza viruses types B, C, and D. The virus particle (also called ... subtype H2N2 Influenza A virus subtype H2N3 Influenza A virus subtype H3N1 Influenza A virus subtype H3N2 Influenza A virus ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza_A_virus
Genomic imprintingGenomic imprinting
Reik W, Lewis A (May 2005). "Co-evolution of X-chromosome inactivation and imprinting in mammals". Nature Reviews Genetics. 6 ( ... that is to say genes that are inserted into the genome by viruses, among imprinted genes. It has also been postulated that if ... It has also been established that X-chromosome inactivation occurs in an imprinted manner in the extra-embryonic tissues of ... and include phenomena such as paternal X inactivation in the marsupials, nonrandom parental chromatid distribution in the ferns ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genomic_imprinting
Food and biological process engineeringFood and biological process engineering
Though bacteria are often the focus of food safety processes, viruses, protozoa, and molds are also known to cause food-borne ... Institute, of Food Technologies (IFT). "Kinetics of Microbial Inactivation for Alternative Food Processing Technologies" (PDF ... There are five main types of microbial pathogens which contaminate food and water: viruses, bacteria, fungi, pathogenic ... Institute of Food Technology (June 2, 2000). "Kinetics of Microbial Inactivation for Alternative Food Processing Technologies ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_and_biological_process_engineering
Aflatoxin B1Aflatoxin B1
Rustom, Ismail Y.S (1997). "Aflatoxin in food and feed: Occurrence, legislation and inactivation by physical methods". Food ... Prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma in individuals exposed to aflatoxin, increases with co-infection of hepatitis B virus. ... those infected with hepatitis B virus were at a fourfold risk; and those with the aflatoxin bio-markers and infected with ... especially given co-infection with hepatitis B virus. These effects seem to be largely mediated by mutations at guanine in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aflatoxin_B1
Harvey CantorHarvey Cantor
Pestano GA, Zhou Y, Trimble LA, Daley J, Weber GF, Cantor H. Inactivation of mis-selected CD8 T cells by CD8 gene methylation ... Zhao ZS, Granucci F, Yeh L, Schaffer PA, Cantor H. Molecular mimicry by herpes simplex virus-1: Autoimmune disease after viral ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvey_Cantor
Enzyme inhibitorEnzyme inhibitor
The binding and inactivation steps of this reaction are investigated by incubating the enzyme with inhibitor and assaying the ... Drugs that inhibit enzymes needed for the replication of viruses are effective in treating viral infections. Antiviral drugs ... If a reversible EI complex is involved the inactivation rate will be saturable and fitting this curve will give kinact and Ki. ... Fitting these data to a rate equation gives the rate of inactivation at this concentration of inhibitor. This is done at ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme_inhibitor
P16P16
The detection of p16 inactivation in familial melanoma supplied further evidence. p16 deletion, mutation, hypermethylation, or ... of the female genital tract is strongly associated with high-risk human papilloma virus (HPV) infection and neoplasms of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P16
Julius YoungnerJulius Youngner
The Salk vaccine is based upon formalin inactivated wild type virus. The key to effective inactivation depended upon a color ... His team studied the mechanisms of these infections, and also infections of vesicular stomatitis virus, sendai virus, and ... could be used to identify cell cultures infected with virus and also cultures with antibodies to virus. This pH could be easily ... or in the words of his colleague: ""Juli figured out how to grow the virus, how to inactivate it, and then he figured how to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Youngner
Mature T-cell lymphomaMature T-cell lymphoma
... can be associated with exposure to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) or human T-cell leukaemia virus 1 (HTLV-1). ... Inactivation of TET2 gene caused by loss-of-function mutations in mice leads to abnormal haematopoiesis, as well as ... Matsuoka, Masao (August 2003). "Human T-cell leukemia virus type I and adult T-cell leukemia". Oncogene. 22 (33): 5131-5140. ... Rezk, Sherif A.; Zhao, Xiaohui; Weiss, Lawrence M. (September 2018). "Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated lymphoid ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mature_T-cell_lymphoma
Asparagus virus 1Asparagus virus 1
The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 50-55 °C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 2-11 days. Although the titer is dependent ... The virus is serologically related to bean yellow mosaic, lettuce mosaic, and turnip mosaic viruses. The virus does not show ... Asparagus virus 1 (AV-1) is one of the nine known viruses that affects asparagus plants. It is in the Potyviridae family. ... The virus consists of a capsid. The virus capsid is not enveloped. Capsid / nucleocapsid is elongated with helical symmetry. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asparagus_virus_1
ErbovirusErbovirus
A feature of the picornavirus genome is the virus protein that is linked at the 5' end of the genome, known as "VPg" (Virus- ... They are resistant to inactivation by non-ionic detergent treatment. Erbovirus, as a typical picornavirus, has a single- ... "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 20 May 2021. "Notes ... Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription is the method ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erbovirus
APOBEC3GAPOBEC3G
May 2018). "Replacement of feline foamy virus bet by feline immunodeficiency virus vif yields replicative virus with novel ... "Structural model for deoxycytidine deamination mechanisms of the HIV-1 inactivation enzyme APOBEC3G". The Journal of Biological ... Jaguva Vasudevan AA, Perkovic M, Bulliard Y, Cichutek K, Trono D, Häussinger D, Münk C (August 2013). "Prototype foamy virus ... July 2007). "Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 cDNAs produced in the presence of APOBEC3G exhibit defects in plus-strand DNA ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APOBEC3G
Spongy degeneration of the central nervous systemSpongy degeneration of the central nervous system
Adeno-associated Viruses (AAVs) are widely used as vectors for gene therapy. They are adopted as they do not replicate ... As the disease progresses, patients may have decreased muscle tone and inactivation of Moro reflex, also known as startle ... Wang D, Tai PW, Gao G (May 2019). "Adeno-associated virus vector as a platform for gene therapy delivery". Nature Reviews. Drug ... "Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) as a Vector for Gene Therapy". BioDrugs. 31 (4): 317-334. doi:10.1007/s40259-017-0234-5. PMC ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spongy_degeneration_of_the_central_nervous_system
Anticancer geneAnticancer gene
... circular minus-strand DNA found in the Chicken Anemia Virus (CAV) genome. This virus belongs to the Gyrovirus genus, and is ... Since cancer is commonly caused by the inactivation of p53, TRAIL could mediate this effect by still activating the apoptotic ... Toolan, H.W., Saunders, E.L., Southam, C.M., Moore, A.E. and Levin, A.G. (1965) H-l virus viremia in the human. Proc. Sot. Exp ... However, because he was focusing his studies on SV40, a tumor-causing virus affecting monkeys and humans, he did not pay much ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticancer_gene
PsoralenPsoralen
... crosslinks in virus DNA also appear to be removed by a recombinational repair process as occurs in SV40 virus infected ... An additional use for optimized psoralens is for the inactivation of pathogens in blood products. The synthetic amino-psoralen ... amotosalen HCl, has been developed for the inactivation of infectious pathogens (bacteria, viruses, protozoa) in platelet and ... 2009). "Universal adoption of pathogen inactivation of platelet components: impact on platelet and red blood cell component use ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psoralen
UbiquitinUbiquitin
On the other hand, viruses must block or redirect host cell processes including immunity to effectively replicate, yet many ... a well-known tumor suppressor gene that inactivation is found in many types of cancer. Thus, p53 undergoes ubiquitination and ... Aviel S, Winberg G, Massucci M, Ciechanover A (August 2000). "Degradation of the epstein-barr virus latent membrane protein 1 ( ... Ikeda M, Ikeda A, Longnecker R (August 2002). "Lysine-independent ubiquitylation of Epstein-Barr virus LMP2A". Virology. 300 (1 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubiquitin
Abraham EisenstarkAbraham Eisenstark
They include defining the nature of Newcastle virus and the observation of "incomplete" viral particles usable for use in ... Hartman, P. S.; Eisenstark, A.; Pauw, P. G. (1979). "Inactivation of phage T7 by near-ultraviolet radiation plus hydrogen ... a bacterial virus that has been important for understanding gene transposition and the development of molecular genetics At the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Eisenstark
FOXP3FOXP3
"X-chromosome inactivation analysis in a female carrier of FOXP3 mutation". Clinical and Experimental Immunology. 130 (1): 127- ... CD4+ cells are leukocytes responsible for protecting animals from foreign invaders such as bacteria and viruses. Defects in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FOXP3
SpiroligomerSpiroligomer
... investigated include the binding and inactivation of cholera toxin and the cross linkage of surface proteins of various viruses ... HIV, Ebola virus). Further the group of Christian Schafmeister developed molecular hinges, which can be used for the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiroligomer
InfluenzaInfluenza
Weber TP, Stilianakis NI (November 2008). "Inactivation of influenza A viruses in the environment and modes of transmission: a ... that contain weakened viruses. There are three types of inactivated vaccines: whole virus, split virus, in which the virus is ... Influenza B virus (IBV) and Influenza C virus (ICV) primarily infect humans, and Influenza D virus (IDV) is found in cattle and ... Notable HPAI viruses include HPAI H5N1 and HPAI H7N9. HPAI viruses have been a major disease burden in the 21st century, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza
Indicator organismIndicator organism
This type of inactivation occurs when feces is stored between 1-2 years, a high total solids content (>50-60%) is present, ... viruses, bacteria, protozoa and helminths) and can in extreme cases survive for several years in soil. Typically, helminth eggs ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indicator_organism
PestivirusPestivirus
Bovine viral diarrhea virus type 2 (BVDV-2), Border disease virus (BDV), and Classical swine fever (CSF) virus are the four ... The replication of viral RNA will be hampered by the inactivation of the NS3 protease, helicase, and NTPase. Normal detection ... Dongyang pangolin virus, DYPV) List of viruses Virology Animal virology "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015. "Virus ... The virus exits the host cell by budding. Mammals serve as the natural hosts.When infected, the host sheds viruses in almost ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pestivirus
CYP4F3CYP4F3
The hydroxylation-induced inactivation of the mediators of inflammation, perhaps particularly of leukotriene B4, may underlie ... within Guangzhou population between the single nucleotide variation rs3794987 and susceptibility to the SARS-CoV-1 virus, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CYP4F3
ALOX15ALOX15
... are relatively resistant to metabolic inactivation, have been made and tested as inflammation inhibitors in animal models. ... "The specialized proresolving mediator 17-HDHA enhances the antibody-mediated immune response against influenza virus: a new ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALOX15
Ultraviolet germicidal irradiationUltraviolet germicidal irradiation
... giardia or virus inactivation credits. For example, for a 90% reduction of cryptosporidium, a minimum dose of 2,500 μW·s/cm2 is ... The degree of inactivation by ultraviolet radiation is directly related to the UV dose applied to the water. The dosage, a ... "Inactivation of Giardia muris by low pressure ultraviolet light" (PDF). EPA. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 February ... Ma B, Gundy PM, Gerba CP, Sobsey MD, Linden KG (October 2021). Dudley EG (ed.). "UV Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 across the UVC ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet_germicidal_irradiation
Polyethylene glycolPolyethylene glycol
Gene therapy vectors (such as viruses) can be PEG-coated to shield them from inactivation by the immune system and to de-target ... In microbiology, PEG precipitation is used to concentrate viruses. PEG is also used to induce complete fusion (mixing of both ... May 2010). "Postexposure protection of non-human primates against a lethal Ebola virus challenge with RNA interference: a proof ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyethylene_glycol
AXL receptor tyrosine kinaseAXL receptor tyrosine kinase
AXL also play an important role in Zika virus and SARS-CoV-2 infection, allowing for entry of the virus into host cells. This ... pathway is activated in chronic liver disease and its targeting reduces fibrosis via hepatic stellate cell inactivation". ... AXL mediates internalization into the endosome from which these viruses escape and initiate replication. Studies have shown ... "Expression Analysis Highlights AXL as a Candidate Zika Virus Entry Receptor in Neural Stem Cells". Cell Stem Cell. 18 (5): 591- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AXL_receptor_tyrosine_kinase
OzoneOzone
Nodavirus is a lethal and vertically transmitted virus which causes severe mortality in fish. Haddock eggs should not be ... Choudhury, Bhaswati; Portugal, Sherlie; Mastanaiah, Navya; Johnson, Judith A.; Roy, Subrata (2018). "Inactivation of ... viruses, as well as spores and cysts. Although, ozone has been widely accepted in Europe for decades, it is sparingly used for ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozone
FUT2FUT2
Secretor gene inactivation by a novel single missense mutation A385T in Japanese nonsecretor individuals". J. Biol. Chem. 271 ( ... 2003). "Human susceptibility and resistance to Norwalk virus infection". Nat. Med. 9 (5): 548-53. doi:10.1038/nm860. PMID ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FUT2
Viral infectivity factorViral infectivity factor
Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV; Pfam PF05851), Visna virus (MVV) and Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (Pfam PF07401). ... actively evolving and diversifying to escape inactivation. Some Vifs use CYPA instead of CBFB. Stanley BJ, Ehrlich ES, Short L ... January 2016). "A Naturally Occurring Domestic Cat APOBEC3 Variant Confers Resistance to Feline Immunodeficiency Virus ... Vif has been found in other Lentiviruses, including the Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viral_infectivity_factor
Virus inactivationVirus inactivation
The resistance of viruses very much depends on whether they have an envelope (lipophilic characteristics) or whether they are ... Viruses can be inactivated by physical (heat/radiation) or chemical (disinfectant) measures. ... Virus inactivation. Viruses can be inactivated by physical (heat/radiation) or chemical (disinfectant) measures. The resistance ... A preparations activity against viruses can be tested by using the DVV test method (human medicine) and the DVG test method ( ...
https://www.hartmann-science-center.com/en/hygiene-knowledge/glossary/glossary-22/virus-inactivation
The virucidal effects of 405 nm visible light on SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus | Scientific ReportsThe virucidal effects of 405 nm visible light on SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus | Scientific Reports
Such studies indicated that 405 nm mediated inactivation is caused by the absorbance of porphyrins within the organism ... and influenza A virus to 405 nm, visible light in the absence of exogenous photosensitizers thereby indicating a ... specifically for the inactivation of respiratory pathogens such as SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A. ... based technologies has been largely unexplored and speculated to be ineffective given the lack of porphyrins in viruses. The ...
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-97797-0?error=cookies_not_supported
Plasma Virus Inactivation devices | GVSPlasma Virus Inactivation devices | GVS
GVS filtration technology provides solutions for the blood banks which are performing the Plasma Virus Inactivation by mean ...
https://www.gvs.com/en/news/plasma-virus-inactivation/
Pediatric Common Variable Immunodeficiency Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Immunoglobulin Replacement Therapy,...Pediatric Common Variable Immunodeficiency Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Immunoglobulin Replacement Therapy,...
Because of the introduction of various viral inactivation and removal processes, relatively large viruses, such as human ... In 1993 and 1994, transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) was reported in recipients of one of two IVIG products that did not ... Viral inactivation is achieved by dry heat, pasteurization, or irradiation solvent-detergent treatment, low pH exposure, or ... As with all plasma-derived products, the risk of transmission of infectious agents, including viruses and, theoretically, the ...
https://www.medscape.com/answers/885935-190824/what-is-the-nonanaphylactic-adverse-effects-of-ivig-therapy-for-the-treatment-of-common-variable-immunodeficiency-cvid
Guidelines for Preventing Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Through Transplantation of Human Tissue and OrgansGuidelines for Preventing Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Through Transplantation of Human Tissue and Organs
Inactivation of human immuno- deficiency virus type 1 in human milk: effects of intrinsic factors in human milk and of ... Inactivation of HIV in Organs/Tissues Definitive recommendations cannot yet be made regarding inactivation of HIV in organs and ... Human immunodeficiency virus and other viruses in human milk: placing the issues in broader perspective. Pediatr Infect Dis J ... hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus) for donors of human tissue for transplan- tation (14). FDA also regulates certain ...
http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00031670.htm
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Inactivation du virus ebola lors de la coloration des étalements de sang avec le Giemsa  Organisation mondiale de la Santé (‎ ... Rapport de situation sur la flambée de maladie à virus Ebola 3 juin 2015  Organisation mondiale de la Santé (‎2015-06-03)‎ ... Préparation et administration de REGN-EB3 contre la maladie à virus Ebola (‎MVE)‎  Organisation mondiale de la Santé (‎WHO/EVD ... Préparation et administration de mAb114 contre la maladie à virus Ebola (‎MVE)‎  Organisation mondiale de la Santé (‎WHO/EVD/ ...
https://apps.who.int/iris/discover?field=subject&filtertype_0=author&filter_relational_operator_0=equals&filter_0=Organisation+mondiale+de+la+Sant%C3%A9&filtertype=subject&filter_relational_operator=equals&filter=Ebolavirus
Pathogen Safety Data Sheets: Infectious Substances - Epstein-Barr virus - Canada.caPathogen Safety Data Sheets: Infectious Substances - Epstein-Barr virus - Canada.ca
Virus inactivation in the 1990s - And into the 21st century: Part 6, inactivation methods grouped by virus. BioPharm ... Physical inactivation: Herpes viruses can be inactivated by heating in solution at 60°C to 80°C, by freeze drying, and heating ... Epstein-Barr virus can be cultured in lyphoblastoid cell linesFootnote 4. The virus can infect B-cells and epithelial cells ... Burkitts lymphoma arises due to an early infection with EBV virus resulting in infected B cellsFootnote 4Footnote 8. Endemic ...
https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/laboratory-biosafety-biosecurity/pathogen-safety-data-sheets-risk-assessment/epstein-barr-virus.html
Insight into the transient inactivation effect on Au/TiO2 catalyst by in-situ DRIFT and UV-vis spectroscopy - JASCOInsight into the transient inactivation effect on Au/TiO2 catalyst by in-situ DRIFT and UV-vis spectroscopy - JASCO
A pronounced transient inactivation effect likely due to a structural change of Au/TiO2 induced by the reactants (CO and O2) is ... The transient inactivation effect is affected by the ratio of CO and O2 concentrations. More importantly, during the unstable ... Insight into the transient inactivation effect on Au/TiO2 catalyst by in-situ DRIFT and UV-vis spectroscopy. By Xianwei Wang, ... Home / KnowledgeBase Articles / Insight into the transient inactivation effect on Au/TiO2 catalyst by in-situ DRIFT and UV-vis ...
https://jascoinc.com/knowledgebase/insight-into-the-transient-inactivation-effect-on-au-tio2-catalyst-by-in-situ-drift-and-uv-vis-spectroscopy-2/
H3N2 Kiev 301/94 Antigen | Influenza A Virus | ProSpecH3N2 Kiev 301/94 Antigen | Influenza A Virus | ProSpec
... inoculated with influenza A virus, strain A/Kiev/301/94 like /Johannesburg/33/94. ... Inactivation. Thimerosal and beta propiolactone treatment.. This product has been treated in a manner consistent with methods ... H3N2 is a subtype of the influenza A virus. Its name derives from the forms of the two kinds of proteinson the surface of its ... Allantoic fluid of 10 days old embryonated eggs, inoculated with influenza A virus, strain A/Kiev/301/94 like /Johannesburg/33/ ...
https://www.prospecbio.com/kiev_301-94
ArboCat Virus: Eastern equine encephalomyelitis (EEEV)
1:1000 deoxycholate: 5.5 dex inactivation (6) Virion Morphology. Shape. Dimensions. 40-47 nm; 55 nm (25) ... Virus Sections. Virus Name/Prototype. Original Source. Method of Isolation. Virus Properties. Antigenic Relationship. Biologic ... Section IV - Virus Properties. Physicochemical. RNA, Single Strand Pieces (number of genome segments). Infectivity. No ... Click on the PDF icon to the left to view a copy of this virus entry in PDF format. You can get a copy of the PDF viewer by ...
https://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/VirusDetails.aspx?ID=136&SID=4
USGS SIR 2004-5161: Virus Fate and Transport During Recharge Using Recycled Water at a Research Field Site in the ...USGS SIR 2004-5161: Virus Fate and Transport During Recharge Using Recycled Water at a Research Field Site in the ...
This conclusion formed the basis for three field-scale experiments using bacterial viruses (bacteriophage) MS2 and PRD1 as ... surrogates for human enteric viruses and bromide as a conservative tracer to determine the fate and transport of viruses in ... Therefore, adsorption, not inactivation, is the predominant removal mechanism for viruses during artificial recharge. Using the ... Virus Fate and Transport During Recharge Using Recycled Water at a Research Field Site in the Montebello Forebay, Los Angeles ...
https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2004/5161/
HUMAN AND CANINE PARVOVIRUS IN THE VALIDATION OF VIRUS INACTIVATION PROCEDURES FOR COAGULATION-FACTORS - Nuffield Department of...
HUMAN AND CANINE PARVOVIRUS IN THE VALIDATION OF VIRUS INACTIVATION PROCEDURES FOR COAGULATION-FACTORS Share Share Share ... HUMAN AND CANINE PARVOVIRUS IN THE VALIDATION OF VIRUS INACTIVATION PROCEDURES FOR COAGULATION-FACTORS ...
https://www.ndm.ox.ac.uk/publications/720661
"Inactivation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 by Ozone in Vitro" (ozone doctor) | Deluxe Ozone Steam Sauna...
Inactivation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 by Ozone in Vitro by J. Latino, K.H. Wells, J. Gavalchin, and B. J. Polesz ... "Inactivation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 by Ozone in Vitro" by J. Latino, K.H. Wells, J. Gavalchin, and B. J. Polesz ... Virus Type 1 (HIV-1). Ozone was found to inactivate HIV-1 in a dose-dependent manner. Greater than 11 log inactivation was ... "Inactivation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 by Ozone in Vitro" (ozone doctor). ...
http://www.ozonedetox.com/far-infrared-sauna/inactivation-of-human-immunodeficiency-virus-type-1-by-ozone-in-vitro-ozone-doctor
BioPharm International-02-01-2003BioPharm International-02-01-2003
Virus Inactivation in the 1990s ? and into the 21st Century: Part 5: Disinfection. February 15, 0003 ... This article series covers what you need to know to fully understand the properties of the test article, the viruses ... by Gail Sofer, BioReliance Both the process and the product strongly influence viral inactivation, and unknown or unspecified ... details ? such as variability in virus titers, measuring devices, calibrations, and protocols ? can all influence log reduction ...
https://www.biopharminternational.com/journals/biopharm-international/biopharm-international-02-15-2003
Tumor-intrinsic PRC2 inactivation drives a context-dependent immune-desert microenvironment and is sensitized by immunogenic...Tumor-intrinsic PRC2 inactivation drives a context-dependent immune-desert microenvironment and is sensitized by immunogenic...
PRC2 inactivation drives a context-dependent immune-desert microenvironment and is sensitized by immunogenic viruses. Journal ... PRC2 inactivation reprogramed the chromatin landscape that led to a cell-autonomous shift from primed baseline signaling- ... PRC2 inactivation reprogramed the chromatin landscape that led to a cell-autonomous shift from primed baseline signaling- ... PRC2 inactivation reprogramed the chromatin landscape that led to a cell-autonomous shift from primed baseline signaling- ...
https://einstein.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/tumor-intrinsic-prc2-inactivation-drives-a-context-dependent-immu
Verified in Collaboration with Retroscreen Virology Ltg. of the UK Higher Concentrations of Plasmacluster Ions® Boost Virus...Verified in Collaboration with Retroscreen Virology Ltg. of the UK Higher Concentrations of Plasmacluster Ions® Boost Virus...
Boost Virus Inactivation and Elimination, Inhibit 99.9% of Airborne H5N1 Avian Influenza (Bird Flu) Virus. World Topics. ... 2 Boost Virus Inactivation and Elimination, Inhibit 99.9% of Airborne H5N1 Avian Influenza ("Bird Flu") Virus. ... In 2005, Sharp and Retroscreen Virology previously verified that Plasmacluster Ions inactivate and eliminate the same virus by ... highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus by 99.9% in ten minutes at an ion concentration of approximately 50,000 ions/cm3 ...
https://global.sharp/corporate/g_topix/pci2/index.html
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Inactivation du virus ebola lors de la coloration des étalements de sang avec le Giemsa  Organisation mondiale de la Santé (‎ ... Orientations sur les mesures temporaires de lutte antipaludique dans les pays affectés par le virus Ebola  Organisation ...
https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/handle/10665/26723/discover?rpp=10&etal=0&group_by=none&page=4&filtertype_0=author&filtertype_1=mesh&filter_relational_operator_1=authority&filter_relational_operator_0=equals&filter_1=Malaria&filter_0=Organisation+mondiale+de+la+Sant%C3%A9
Selected Mechanistic Aspects of Viral Inactivation by Peracetic Acid<...
keywords = "amino acid, disinfection, peracetic acid, virus capsid, virus inactivation",. author = "Schmitz, {Bradley W.} and ... Reports have shown the effectiveness of PAA to reduce waterborne viruses, but the mechanism of inactivation is understudied. ... Reports have shown the effectiveness of PAA to reduce waterborne viruses, but the mechanism of inactivation is understudied. ... Reports have shown the effectiveness of PAA to reduce waterborne viruses, but the mechanism of inactivation is understudied. ...
https://jhu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/selected-mechanistic-aspects-of-viral-inactivation-by-peracetic-a
Preventing Adventitious Agent Contamination in Your mAb ProcessPreventing Adventitious Agent Contamination in Your mAb Process
Adventitious viruses can contaminate bioreactors and interrupt biotherapeutic manufacturing. High-profile contamination events ... Virus Inactivation. Our virus inactivation offerings provide biopharma manufacturers with improved options for HTST ... Article: Efficacy of Minute Virus of Mice (MVM) Inactivation Utilizing High Temperature Short Time (HTST) Pasteurization and ... Genetically Modified Virus-Resistant CHO Cell Lines. The risk of bioreactor contamination with an adventitious virus, such as ...
https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/GB/en/applications/pharmaceutical-and-biopharmaceutical-manufacturing/monoclonal-antibody-manufacturing/preventing-adventitious-agent-contamination
Disinfection effect of chlorine dioxide on air quality control in Armed Forces General Hospital of Taiwan | Semantic ScholarDisinfection effect of chlorine dioxide on air quality control in Armed Forces General Hospital of Taiwan | Semantic Scholar
Inactivation of poliomyelitis virus by free chlorine.. *G. M. Ridenour, R. Ingols ... Disinfection effect of chlorine dioxide on viruses, algae and animal planktons in water. *H. Junli, Wang Li, Ren Nenqi, Liu Li ...
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Disinfection-effect-of-chlorine-dioxide-on-air-in-Hsieh-Lin/20f92803b87f02b77eeb3f6d825297e2df5b6f23
Smallpox repays the complement | The Scientist Magazine®Smallpox repays the complement | The Scientist Magazine®
The variola virus overcomes human viral clearance by inactivation of complement components C3b and C4b. ... The variola virus overcomes human viral clearance by inactivation of complement components C3b and C4b.. Tudor Toma([email protected] ... engineered the smallpox inhibitor of complement enzymes (SPICE) - a homologue of the vaccinia virulence factor, vaccinia virus ...
https://www.the-scientist.com/research-round-up/smallpox-repays-the-complement-53245
PRKRA gene: MedlinePlus GeneticsPRKRA gene: MedlinePlus Genetics
Inactivation of eIF2α lowers protein production, which helps protect cells from damage. The signals triggered by PACT can ... This protein plays a role in the cells response to stress, such as exposure to viruses, damaging molecules called free ...
https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/prkra/
Human Viruses In Sediments Sludges & Soils - 1st Edition - V. ChalapatHuman Viruses In Sediments Sludges & Soils - 1st Edition - V. Chalapat
8. Mechanism of Virus Inactivation in Wastewater Sludges. 9. Face of Viruses During Sludge Processing. 10 Methods for ... 5. Virus Association with Suspended Solids. 6. Bioaccumulation and Disposition of Solids-Associated Virus by Shellfish. 7. ... Transport and Fate of Viruses in Soils: Field Studies. 12. Survival and Transport of Viruses in Soils: Model Studies. 13. Viral ... Human Viruses In Sediments Sludges & Soils By V. Chalapati Rao. , Joseph Melnick. ...
https://www.routledge.com/Human-Viruses-In-Sediments-Sludges--Soils/Rao-Melnick/p/book/9780367220440
Ambient ozone and influenza transmissibility in Hong Kong | European Respiratory SocietyAmbient ozone and influenza transmissibility in Hong Kong | European Respiratory Society
O3 inactivation of influenza virus within a few hours has been reported in studies in vitro [9]. However, a more plausible ... Brief original contribution infection fatality risk of the pandemic A (H1N1) 2009 virus in Hong Kong. Am J Epidemiol 2013; 177 ... The serial intervals of seasonal and pandemic influenza viruses in households in Bangkok, Thailand. Am J Epidemiol 2013; 177: ... Ozone for inactivation of aerosolized bacteriophages. Aerosol Sci Technol 2006; 40: 683-689. ...
https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/51/5/1800369?ijkey=80f69a552cadfbbf76fcabc7346e742c55da71ef&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
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Infectious VEE virus could be recovered for up to 40 days; WN and YF viruses were cultured in Vero cells for up to 60 and 90 ... At regular intervals over a 90-day period, the dried virus samples were eluted, tested for infectivity by culture and titration ... The results of this study demonstrate that viral nucleic acids and infectious virus can be recovered from arbovirus samples air ... viruses were blotted onto filter paper discs, air-dried, and stored at room temperature. ...
https://www.ajtmh.org/abstract/journals/tpmd/72/4/article-p474.xml
Rapid inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 on copper touch surfaces determined using a cell culture infectivity assay | bioRxivRapid inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 on copper touch surfaces determined using a cell culture infectivity assay | bioRxiv
We discuss why the 4-hour inactivation result may be technically flawed due to how the virus is propagated. ... The virus was removed from the test surfaces after various time points using infection medium and assayed for infectious virus ... hence explaining the longer time of glutamine propagated virus for copper inactivation. Indeed, GlutaMAX-1 has superseded ... Rapid inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 on copper touch surfaces determined using a cell culture infectivity assay. Catherine Bryant, ...
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.02.424974v1.full
Holder pasteurization of donated human milk is effective in inactivating SARS-CoV-2 | CMAJHolder pasteurization of donated human milk is effective in inactivating SARS-CoV-2 | CMAJ
Heat inactivation of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2014;8: 585-6. ... Inactivation of chikungunya virus in blood components treated with amotosalen/ultraviolet A light or amustaline/glutathione. ... Inactivation of Ebola virus and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in platelet concentrates and plasma by ultraviolet ... Ebola virus and Marburg virus in human milk are inactivated by Holder pasteurization. J Hum Lact 2017;33: 351-4. ...
https://www.cmaj.ca/content/192/31/E871
PathogensMechanismProteinsEbolaInactivate2021Hepatitis E virInfectivity2020Influenza virusesVacciniaMicrobial contaminationAdsorptionSludgeAirborneDisinfection2022AntiviralBacteria and virusesCoronavirusExposureH1N1MechanismsKineticsEliminationEntericBacterialMorphologyStructuralChlorineVariolaPersistenceRemovalRespiratoryContaminationHumanSurvivalVitroGenomeH3N2ExperimentsDestroysInfectionMoleculesDisinfectantsStrainsSwineThermalInactivates the virusMethodsLipid-envelopedBiologicalMutationInfectious virusesSurfacesTreatmentTransmissionDemonstrateVaccinesDropletsParticlesMonkeypoxProteinInfectsFungiCellsCorona virus
Pathogens8
  • The current study demonstrated increased susceptibility of lipid-enveloped respiratory pathogens of importance such as SARS-CoV-2 (causative agent of COVID-19) and influenza A virus to 405 nm, visible light in the absence of exogenous photosensitizers thereby indicating a potential alternative porphyrin-independent mechanism of visible light mediated viral inactivation. (nature.com)
  • Our results support further exploration of the use of visible light technology for the application of continuous decontamination in occupied areas within hospitals and/or infectious disease laboratories, specifically for the inactivation of respiratory pathogens such as SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A. (nature.com)
  • Examine viruses and their relative importance as human pathogens. (healthcaresurfacesinstitute.org)
  • This webinar will serve as an overview of viruses as disease-causing agents and their relative importance as human pathogens. (healthcaresurfacesinstitute.org)
  • It will explore ways in which respiratory viruses can contaminate high-touch environmental surfaces (HITES) as well as present the basics of environmental control to interrupt the spread of pathogens, as well as the types of HITES and viruses to focus on for decontamination. (healthcaresurfacesinstitute.org)
  • While copper appears to be a potent antibacterial and antiviral metal, causing rapid inactivation of pathogens on touch surfaces in just minutes, why did van Doremalen et al . (biorxiv.org)
  • inactivating and destroying pathogens and viruses within minutes. (dumpsterrentalguys.com)
  • Respokare® Anti-Viral Mask is highly effective against 18 common Seasonal & Pandemic Influenza Viruses, as well as a wide range of other pathogens, bacteria and fungi. (dumpsterrentalguys.com)
Mechanism4
  • Therefore, adsorption, not inactivation, is the predominant removal mechanism for viruses during artificial recharge. (usgs.gov)
  • 18 To complement the existing virus elimination / inactivation mechanism in the Carimune ® NF manufacturing process, nanofiltration (removing viruses via size-exclusion) was introduced as an additional virus removal step into the manufacturing process. (drugs.com)
  • Reports have shown the effectiveness of PAA to reduce waterborne viruses, but the mechanism of inactivation is understudied. (elsevier.com)
  • 8. Mechanism of Virus Inactivation in Wastewater Sludges. (routledge.com)
Proteins7
  • Data in this study suggest that PAA effectively inactivates viruses by targeting susceptible amino acids on capsid proteins and does not readily damage viral genomes. (elsevier.com)
  • One construct contains the gag/pol region that encodes proteins required for virus particle assembly and reverse transcription (copying the double stranded RNA insert into DNA), and the second construct contains the env gene that encodes the proteins needed for virus binding to, and entry into, target cells. (southalabama.edu)
  • The viral RNA encoding these functions is not packaged into virus particles because the RNA sequences needed for binding to gag proteins (the packaging signal, or Ψ) have been deleted. (southalabama.edu)
  • For swine influenza viruses isolated in 2009-2016, gamma-clade viruses had less stable HA proteins (activation pH 5.5-5.9) than pandemic clade (pH 5.0-5.5). (elifesciences.org)
  • Enveloped viruses have an outer coating of lipids and proteins that helps protect their genetic material. (acs.org)
  • An acidic coating creates a low pH environment - ultimately destabilizing the virus proteins. (dumpsterrentalguys.com)
  • Restriction enzymes are special proteins produced by bacteria to prevent or restrict invasion by foreign dna such as from viruses. (web.app)
Ebola2
  • We evaluated the WHO-recommended alcohol-based formulations against MPXV and performed a comparative inactivation analysis with other (re)emerging enveloped and reference viruses, including Zika virus, influenza A(H1N1) virus, Ebola virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses 1 and 2, and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. (medscape.com)
  • Environmentals like Allen Hershkowitz, National Resources Defense Council senior scientist, point out that: "There's no pollutant that's going to come out of a waste incinerator that's more dangerous than the Ebola virus. (incinerator.cc)
Inactivate7
  • Given the remarkable stability of other pox viruses compared with other enveloped viruses, it is particularly useful to confirm which disinfectants and biocidal agents can inactivate MPXV. (medscape.com)
  • Sharp Corporation, working in collaboration with Retroscreen Virology Ltd. founded by Professor John S. Oxford of the University of London, UK, has demonstrated that Plasmacluster Ions (PCIs) inactivate and eliminate the airborne, highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus by 99.9% in ten minutes at an ion concentration of approximately 50,000 ions/cm 3 in a box having a volume of 1 m 3 . (global.sharp)
  • In 2005, Sharp and Retroscreen Virology previously verified that Plasmacluster Ions inactivate and eliminate the same virus by 99% in ten minutes at a concentration of approximately 7,000 ions/cm 3 . (global.sharp)
  • Implementation of technologies to remove or inactivate viruses and execute clearance studies that demonstrate process safety. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Now, researchers reporting in ACS' Environmental Science & Technology have discovered that a standard water treatment technique, called iron (III) coagulation, and its electrically driven counterpart, iron (0) electrocoagulation, can efficiently remove and inactivate a model enveloped virus. (acs.org)
  • Shankar Chellam and colleagues wondered whether a different method called coagulation with iron (III), which is already widely applied during water treatment, can remove and inactivate enveloped viruses. (acs.org)
  • The textiles in these masks can thus continuously inactivate the exhaled viruses and can make handling these masks even safer overall," says Professor Uwe Rösler. (indiaeducationdiary.in)
20211
  • By late February 2021, more than 112 million cases had been reported while accounting for approximately 2.5 million deaths, underscoring the rapid dissemination of the virus on a global scale 2 . (nature.com)
Hepatitis E vir1
  • Her primary research interests are coronavirus, hepatitis E virus, and MPVX. (medscape.com)
Infectivity3
  • Considering the ecological importance of marine viruses, it is timely to study the impact of UV-AB on Arctic phytoplankton host-virus interactions and also test the efficacy of ballast water (BW) UV-C treatment on virus infectivity. (mdpi.com)
  • Prolonged storage of murine leukaemia virus in ambient light leads to a loss of infectivity. (icr.ac.uk)
  • Enveloped viruses have been detected in raw sewage and sludge, but scientists still don't fully understand the fate and infectivity of these viruses during water purification at treatment plants. (acs.org)
20201
  • The SARS-CoV-2, USA-WA1/2020 strain, virus stock was tested against nasal antiseptic solutions consisting of aqueous PVP-I as the sole active ingredient. (nih.gov)
Influenza viruses4
  • Poxviruses shed during the course of infection therefore tend to be more resistant to the effects of drying compared to other enveloped viruses (e.g., influenza viruses, rubella virus). (cdc.gov)
  • The results suggest swine influenza viruses containing both a stabilized HA and alpha-2,6 receptor binding in tandem pose greater pandemic risk. (elifesciences.org)
  • It is a never-before seen combination of human, swine, and avian influenza viruses. (cdc.gov)
  • Like other influenza viruses, it continues to evolve. (cdc.gov)
Vaccinia2
  • Intratumoral delivery of inactivated modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) enhanced tumor immune infiltrates and sensitized PRC2-loss tumors to ICB. (elsevier.com)
  • engineered the smallpox inhibitor of complement enzymes (SPICE) - a homologue of the vaccinia virulence factor, vaccinia virus complement control protein (VCP). (the-scientist.com)
Microbial contamination1
  • Gaseous chlorine dioxide inactivation of microbial contamination on whole black peppercorns. (usda.gov)
Adsorption1
  • UV-Vis spectroscopy corroborates the structure change of Au/TiO2 surface induced by the reactants, which leads to a weakening of the Au catalyst's ability to be oxidized (less O2 adsorption), resulting in the transient inactivation effect. (jascoinc.com)
Sludge2
  • 7. Methods for Concentration and Recovery of Viruses from Wastewater Sludge. (routledge.com)
  • 9. Face of Viruses During Sludge Processing. (routledge.com)
Airborne7
  • There are limited reports of airborne spread of variola virus in healthcare facilities and laboratories3, 4 and reaerosolized transmission from fabric or bedding fomites.5, 6 The mechanisms of virus spread as described in these reports, however, may represent potentially important exceptions to the usual mode of transmission. (cdc.gov)
  • A properly engineered heating, ventilation, and air-condition (HVAC) system can minimize the possibility of airborne spread of variola virus in facilities providing care for smallpox patients. (cdc.gov)
  • Variola virus could hypothetically be used as a weapon either through airborne dispersion or through intentionally infecting one or more persons and encouraging them to circulate among groups of people, thereby exposing these contacts to variola virus infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Of greatest concern is a release of a lab-created, mammalian-airborne-transmissible, highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, such as the airborne-transmissible H5N1 viruses created in the laboratories of Ron Fouchier in the Netherlands and Yoshihiro Kawaoka In Madison Wisconsin. (thebulletin.org)
  • Airborne virus survivability during long-term sampling using a non-viable Andersen cascade impactor in an environmental chamber. (cdc.gov)
  • In order to evaluate the survivability of airborne viruses and the sampling performance of an eight-stage non-viable Andersen impactor in typical indoor environments featuring low viral aerosol concentrations, aerosols of a male-specific bacteriophage (MS2), human adenovirus type 1 (HAdV-1), and avian influenza virus (AIV) were sampled size-selectively using the impactor in an environmental chamber. (cdc.gov)
  • UV-C lamps can be installed either for surface decontamination-which focuses on exposing the cooling coil-or for airborne inactivation-which increases total exposure time in duct work-depending on your unique needs. (emcortmi.com)
Disinfection5
  • Present examples of successful disinfection of HITES to interrupt virus spread. (healthcaresurfacesinstitute.org)
  • The presenter will explore the current means of virus decontamination of HITES, methods for testing disinfectants against viruses on HITES, and provide examples of successful interruption of virus spread by the disinfection of HITES. (healthcaresurfacesinstitute.org)
  • Requirements for disinfection conditions (e.g., disinfectant dosage and treatment time) are determined on the basis of the tolerances of reference viruses in a disinfection study. (frontiersin.org)
  • Until now, most studies have investigated only disinfection by chlorine or ultraviolet light as a means to control enveloped viruses in wastewater. (acs.org)
  • These results suggest that water treatment plants are already well equipped to remove enveloped viruses from drinking water by iron (III) coagulation, and viral levels are likely even further reduced by the additional treatment steps of filtration and disinfection, the researchers say. (acs.org)
20222
  • Since 13 May 2022, cases of monkeypox have been reported to WHO from Member States that are not endemic for monkeypox virus. (who.int)
  • In the current multi-country outbreak of MPX, as of 27 May 2022, monkeypox cases have been reported to WHO from 22 Member States (MS) that are not endemic for monkeypox virus, across four WHO regions. (who.int)
Antiviral4
  • IMSEAR at SEARO: In vitro antiviral activity of clinacanthus nutans on varicella-zoster virus. (who.int)
  • The effect of crude extract of Clinacanthus nutans (CN) was studied to determine the antiviral activity against varicella-zoster virus (VZV) with three different treatments. (who.int)
  • From the present findings, based on the result of inactivation assay, it was recognized that the in vitro antiviral activity of CN might be a direct interaction of the extract with the virus. (who.int)
  • However, in the corresponding control group, the virus showed a typical cytotoxic effect, which shows that silver / alumina has a strong antiviral ability. (olansiglobal.com)
Bacteria and viruses6
  • While most masks available across counters or open markets are preventive in nature, Livinguard face masks are protective and prevent bacteria and viruses from spreading, benefiting both self and others in close proximity. (indiaeducationdiary.in)
  • The H13 medical grade HEPA filtration accuracy is less than 0.3 microns, which can capture and reduce 99.97% of fine particulate matter in the air, such as pollen, pollutants, and allergens, and reduce the carrier of bacteria and viruses in the air. (olansiglobal.com)
  • The principle used is the transmission of high-energy photons (wavelengths between 200nm and 280nm, peak efficiency at 270nm), which break down the DNA and RNA molecules of bacteria and viruses. (daan.tech)
  • One press of the button and your already filtered water uses powerful technology to remove harmful levels of bacteria and viruses with intense UV-C light technology at the point-of-dispense (POD). (quenchwater.ca)
  • Firewall acts as a barrier that prevents harmful bacteria and viruses from getting into the system through the faucet, prohibiting them from contaminating your drinking water and causing illness. (quenchwater.ca)
  • However, this filtration technology isn't designed to remove bacteria and viruses. (quenchwater.ca)
Coronavirus6
  • The presentation will provide a brief introduction to SARS CoV-2, its dissemination and survival on HITES, as well as coronavirus survival on human hands and its inactivation by ethanol-based handrubs. (healthcaresurfacesinstitute.org)
  • Similar conclusions were drawn from a 2015 study on human coronavirus 229E, which showed that the virus rapidly broke down on a range of copper alloys including Cu/Zn brasses. (logically.ai)
  • While the studies suggest that copper reduces the survival duration of the virus, they do not explicitly indicate that copper kills the coronavirus. (logically.ai)
  • The anti-viral ability of silver antibacterial materials In the article "Efficient and rapid cracking of SARS coronavirus and other microorganisms by metal catalysts", the research team compressed silver / alumina into discs and dropped Vero cells that support SARS coronavirus proliferation On the disc, the virus toxicity on the plate was compared after 5 min and 20 min, respectively. (olansiglobal.com)
  • SARS (atypical pneumonia), H7N9 (avian influenza, coronavirus), H1N1 (respiratory influenza virus) and other viruses have obvious removal effects. (olansiglobal.com)
  • Especially at the present time and with the current coronavirus situation, it is important to keep everyday objects free of germs, such as viruses and bacteria. (daan.tech)
Exposure3
  • This protein plays a role in the cell's response to stress, such as exposure to viruses, damaging molecules called free radicals, or other toxic substances. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Serological Responses among Teenagers after Natural Exposure to Norwalk Virus. (epa.gov)
  • However, a 9-minute exposure to UV-C ( emitted UV-C dose of 1048 mJ/cm^2) resulted in the complete inactivation of the virus. (lightprogress.com)
H1N14
  • H3N2 has tended to dominate in prevalence over H1N1, H1N2, and influenza B. H3N2 strain descended from H2N2by antigenic shift, in which genes from multiple subtypes re-assorted to form a new virus. (prospecbio.com)
  • Weekly activity of influenza (influenza-like illness (ILI) + proxy) of a) influenza A(H3N2), b) influenza A(H1N1), c) influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and d) influenza B (black lines) along with the 44 predefined epidemics (grey bars) of these virus type and subtypes, and e) the weekly smoothed average of ozone (O 3 ) concentrations in Hong Kong from 1998 to 2013. (ersjournals.com)
  • Test results show 99+% Inactivation of the H1N1 Flu. (ars.com)
  • As we brace for the flu season, concerns are rising about the full impact of Novel H1N1 Influenza Virus (H1N1) also known as "Swine Flu. (cdc.gov)
Mechanisms3
  • Our results identify molecular mechanisms of PRC2 inactivation-mediated, context-dependent epigenetic reprogramming that underline the immune-desert phenotype in cancer. (elsevier.com)
  • Fundamental differences in inactivation mechanisms of Escherichia coli O157:H7 between chlorine dioxide and sodium hypochlorite. (usda.gov)
  • However, UVA inactivation has been demonstrated for other enveloped RNA viruses, through indirect mechanisms involving the suspension medium. (bvsalud.org)
Kinetics1
  • Kinetics of inactivation of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus. (ajtmh.org)
Elimination1
  • Four of these steps were validated for virus elimination of both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses. (drugs.com)
Enteric5
  • This conclusion formed the basis for three field-scale experiments using bacterial viruses (bacteriophage) MS2 and PRD1 as surrogates for human enteric viruses and bromide as a conservative tracer to determine the fate and transport of viruses in recycled water during subsurface transport under actual recharge conditions. (usgs.gov)
  • 4. Role of Sediments in the Persistence and Transport of Enteric Viruses in the Estuarine Environment. (routledge.com)
  • Meanwhile, previous studies have reported the heterogeneous susceptibilities of reference viruses and indicators for waterborne enteric viruses within and among genetically relative strains. (frontiersin.org)
  • Background: Human enteric viruses are major agents of foodborne diseases. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
  • Because of the absence of a reliable cell culture method for most of the enteric viruses involved in outbreaks, real-time reverse transcriptase PCR is now widely used for the detection of RNA viruses in food samples. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
Bacterial2
  • This is a silver ion composite filter containing anti-bacterial and anti-virus! (olansiglobal.com)
  • These enzymes are called sitespecific restriction endonucleases, or more simply restriction enzymes, and they naturally function as part of bacterial defenses against viruses and other sources of foreign dna. (web.app)
Morphology1
  • According to the study, copper destroyed the viral genomes and affected virus morphology by disintegrating the virus envelope. (logically.ai)
Structural2
  • A pronounced transient inactivation effect likely due to a structural change of Au/TiO2 induced by the reactants (CO and O2) is observed at the beginning of the reaction. (jascoinc.com)
  • Capsid structures containing a higher total number of target amino acids may be more susceptible to PAA reactions that damage structural integrity resulting in inactivation. (elsevier.com)
Chlorine3
  • why not just use chlorine to disinfect viruses? (tudelft.nl)
  • Inactivation of Norwalk Virus in Drinking Water By Chlorine. (epa.gov)
  • Use of mathematic models to describe the microbial inactivation on baby carrots by gaseous chlorine dioxide. (usda.gov)
Variola3
  • The variola virus overcomes human viral clearance by inactivation of complement components C3b and C4b. (the-scientist.com)
  • Of the four orthopoxviruses known to infect humans, variola virus (major and minor) produces the most significant clinical disease (smallpox). (cdc.gov)
  • Smallpox is transmitted routinely person-to-person (a form of direct contact) via inhalation of variola virus present in droplets generated from the respiratory tract of infected, symptomatic patients. (cdc.gov)
Persistence1
  • The persistence and viability of SARS-CoV-2 virus was characterized in 5 engine exhaust PM and 4 samples of atmospheric PM10. (uclm.es)
Removal5
  • Virus-infected samples (in triplicate unless otherwise noted) were treated according to the specific testing parameters and dialyzed or run over detergent-removal columns to remove inactivating reagents. (cdc.gov)
  • The manufacturing processes include cold ethanol fractionation of Ig and viral inactivation and removal steps. (medscape.com)
  • The field data suggest that an optimal management scenario might exist to maximize the amount of recycled water that can be applied to the spreading grounds while still maintaining favorable attachment conditions for virus removal and thereby ensuring protection of the ground-water supply. (usgs.gov)
  • Now they are setting up a research project in Nicaragua to analyze virus removal in the filters. (tudelft.nl)
  • We are trying to find a way to enhance virus removal within the context of its current production. (tudelft.nl)
Respiratory1
  • Since the start of the pandemic, transmission of the virus by respiratory droplets and aerosols has become an accepted method of transmission although the relative impact of each mode of transmission is the subject of much debate. (nature.com)
Contamination3
  • Traditional measures to prevent upstream contamination focus on careful sourcing and selection of raw materials, comprehensive testing for the presence of viral contaminants, and implementation of technologies that prevent virus from entering production processes. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Raw materials and animal-derived components at high risk of virus contamination can be replaced with lower-risk alternatives, such as chemically-defined cell culture media and non-animal origin recombinant supplements. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • The risk of bioreactor contamination with an adventitious virus, such as Minute Virus of Mice (MVM), is a challenge for all biomanufacturers. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Human11
  • Increasing nonzoonotic human monkeypox virus (MPXV) infections urge reevaluation of inactivation strategies. (medscape.com)
  • The global spread of human monkeypox virus (MPXV) has activated the highest alert level of the World Health Organization (WHO), which declared the virus a public health emergency of international concern. (medscape.com)
  • A preparation's activity against viruses can be tested by using the DVV test method (human medicine) and the DVG test method (veterinary medicine). (hartmann-science-center.com)
  • Although previous recommendations for preventing transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) through transplantation of human tissue and organs have markedly reduced the risk for this type of transmission, a case of HIV transmission from a screened, antibody-negative donor to several recipients raised questions about the need for additional federal oversight of transplantation of organs and tissues. (cdc.gov)
  • HIV Human immunodeficiency virus. (cdc.gov)
  • Simple, sensitive and specific detection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype B DNA in dried blood samples for diagnosis in infants in the field. (ajtmh.org)
  • Simple DNA extraction method for dried blood spots and comparison of two PCR assays for diagnosis of vertical human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission in Rwanda. (ajtmh.org)
  • Pandemic influenza A viruses can emerge from swine, an intermediate host that supports adaptation of human-preferred receptor-binding specificity by the hemagglutinin (HA) surface antigen. (elifesciences.org)
  • In approximately 1999, gamma viruses split into two branches: swine gamma (1A.3.3.3) and swine viruses that later contributed the hemagglutinin (HA) gene to the 2009 human pandemic virus (1A.3.3.2). (elifesciences.org)
  • That said, the virus is spread from infected human contact, so preventive measures are important. (eastflagfamilymed.com)
  • The Monographs programme has since been expanded to include consideration of exposures to complex mixtures of chemicals (which occur, for example, in some occupations and as a result of human habits) and of exposures to other agents, such as radiation and viruses. (who.int)
Survival3
  • 12. Survival and Transport of Viruses in Soils: Model Studies. (routledge.com)
  • Live virus titer, total virus RNA or DNA concentration, and intensity of a fluorescein tracer were measured to calculate relative virus recovery and virus survival. (cdc.gov)
  • Absolute humidity (AH) was found to be a better predictor of virus survival than RH, and the interaction between AH and temperature was not significant. (cdc.gov)
Vitro2
  • The Carimune ® NF manufacturing process provides a significant virus reduction capacity as shown in in vitro studies. (drugs.com)
  • To evaluate the in vitro efficacy of PVP-I nasal antiseptic for the inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 at clinically significant contact times of 15 and 30 seconds. (nih.gov)
Genome2
  • Poxviruses are large, brick-shaped, enveloped viruses with a double-stranded DNA genome. (cdc.gov)
  • We compared synonymous and non-synonymous nucleotide diversities of the three open reading frames of viral genome and revealed that virus populations were subjected to enhanced purifying selection over the course of serial passages with lime treatment. (frontiersin.org)
H3N23
  • H3N2 is a subtype of the influenza A virus. (prospecbio.com)
  • The paper "Discussion on the Inactivation Effect of Nanosilver on Influenza Virus H3N2" also concluded through experiments: Nanosilver has a direct inactivation effect on influenza virus H3N2. (olansiglobal.com)
  • nano silver, that is to say, the active silver ions have a better direct inactivation effect on influenza virus H3N2. (olansiglobal.com)
Experiments1
  • This analysis calls for experiments to separately assess effects of UVA and UVB in different media, and for including UVA in inactivation models. (bvsalud.org)
Destroys1
  • After releasing the progeny virus, it infects surrounding tumor cells and destroys the tumor through the cascade amplification effect, thereby obtaining better results. (medicaltrend.org)
Infection6
  • Burkitt's lymphoma arises due to an early infection with EBV virus resulting in infected B cells Footnote 4 Footnote 8 . (canada.ca)
  • In humans, the disease follows infection by the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) and begins as flu-like symptoms that can rapidly progress to hemorrhaging and death. (mdpi.com)
  • Terms and Abbreviations Used in This Publication Acute hepatitis C Newly acquired symptomatic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Transduction" is in essence a one time infection since the viral particles are infectious, but their genetic information is insufficient to generate new infectious virus unless some rare rescue event takes place. (southalabama.edu)
  • One case with rapidly progressing multifocal leukoencephalopathy due to JC virus infection has been reported. (medscape.com)
  • In tumor cells, the virus can successfully replicate after infection, resulting in the production of more virus progeny, and ultimately induce immunogenic cell death (ICD). (medicaltrend.org)
Molecules2
  • Retroviruses package RNA molecules into virus particles. (southalabama.edu)
  • In the case of dna, this is feasible for relatively short molecules such as the genomes of small viruses. (web.app)
Disinfectants1
  • However, particles suspended in the water can sometimes shield viruses from disinfectants. (acs.org)
Strains1
  • The aim of the study was to develop a method to discriminate between infectious and non-infectious particles of hepatitis A virus (HAV) and two strains of rotavirus (RV) following thermal inactivation by using intercalating dyes combined with RT-qPCR. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
Swine1
  • Frequently after 2009, HA and other gene segments from H1N1pdm viruses transmitted from humans to swine, generating diverse reassortant viruses. (elifesciences.org)
Thermal1
  • Thermal inactivation of Semliki Forest virus. (ajtmh.org)
Inactivates the virus2
  • Typically, disrupting this coat inactivates the virus. (acs.org)
  • The results showed that SARS-CoV-2 remains on the surface of PM10 from air pollutants but interaction with engine exhaust PM inactivates the virus. (uclm.es)
Methods5
  • This product has been treated in a manner consistent with methods of inactivation. (prospecbio.com)
  • This article series covers what you need to know to fully understand the properties of the test article, the viruses inactivated, and the critical control parameters for selected inactivation methods. (biopharminternational.com)
  • 3. Methods for Recovering Viruses from Aquatic Sediments. (routledge.com)
  • If introduced through intentionally infected persons, the origin of the virus (i.e., the index case) and the extent of the outbreak could likely be tracked using standard epidemiologic and laboratory methods. (cdc.gov)
  • After treatment, the virus was detected by methods of DNA hybridization and plaque reduction assay. (who.int)
Lipid-enveloped1
  • The results, summarized in Table 1, demonstrate virus clearance during Carimune ® NF manufacturing using model viruses for lipid enveloped and non-enveloped viruses. (drugs.com)
Biological1
  • related chemical compounds, physical agents (such as radiation) and biological factors (such as viruses). (who.int)
Mutation1
  • Adenoviruses lacking E1B-55K will not be able to replicate effectively in cells with normal TP53 function, while they can replicate and lyse killer cells in large numbers in cells with TP53 gene mutation, deletion or inactivation. (medicaltrend.org)
Infectious viruses2
  • No infectious viruses will remain on the mask's surface. (dumpsterrentalguys.com)
  • However this approach detects viral nucleic acids of both infectious and non infectious viruses, which limits the impact of conclusions with regard to public health concern. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
Surfaces4
  • Recent studies have suggested that SARS-CoV-2 may also remain viable approximately at least 3 days in such surfaces and another two studies showed that at room temperature (20-25 °C), a 14-day time-period was required to see a 4.5-5 Log 10 of the virus 9 , 10 . (nature.com)
  • Identify high-touch environmental surfaces (HITES) as vehicles for viruses in healthcare and other settings. (healthcaresurfacesinstitute.org)
  • However, we showed rapid inactivation of Hu-CoV-229E within 10 minutes on different copper surfaces while the other laboratory indicated this took 4 hours for SARS-CoV-2. (biorxiv.org)
  • Inactivation of potentially contaminated surfaces may be achieved with cleaning agents containing hydrogen peroxide, ethanol or bleach. (eastflagfamilymed.com)
Treatment7
  • Treatment with pepsin at pH 4 rapidly inactivates enveloped viruses. (drugs.com)
  • PRV and the two model viruses for HCV, BVDV and SFV, were inactivated within 1/10, and HIV within 1/2 of the incubation time (pH 4/pepsin treatment) used during production of Carimune ® NF. (drugs.com)
  • Our virus inactivation offerings provide biopharma manufacturers with improved options for HTST pasteurization, low pH and chemical/detergent treatment, ensuring virus-free products while simplifying compliance and documentation. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Although viruses are inactivated by lime treatment, whether RNA viruses adapt to lime treatment has not yet been determined. (frontiersin.org)
  • Virus adaptation to lime treatment was coincident with amino acid substitution of lysine to arginine at position 345 (K345R) on the major capsid protein VP1, which accounted for more than 90% of the population. (frontiersin.org)
  • The health care provisions to treat this disease are supportive treatments at best, as there is yet definitive treatment or immunization for this virus. (eastflagfamilymed.com)
  • Moreover, 50% of the virus was inactivated after just 1.4 minutes of UV treatment, as calculated by nonlinear regression. (lightprogress.com)
Transmission6
  • West Nile virus (WNV), a flavivirus of the Flaviviridae family, is maintained in nature in an enzootic transmission cycle between avian hosts and ornithophilic mosquito vectors, although the virus occasionally infects other vertebrates. (wjgnet.com)
  • Based on these results, the question addressed in this study was how long SARS-CoV-2 survives on the surface of PM from different origin to evaluate the relationship between fuel and atmospheric pollution and virus transmission risk. (uclm.es)
  • Furthermore, the relationship of pollution PM and particularly engine exhaust PM with virus transmission risk and COVID-19 is also affected by the impact of these pollutants on host oxidative stress and immunity. (uclm.es)
  • Standard face masks may protect you from transmission of the virus. (eastflagfamilymed.com)
  • Since the transmission pattern of MPX is atypical and the extent of transmission is still unknown in recently affected non-endemic countries, possible importation and subsequent transmission of MPX virus in SEAR cannot be ruled out. (who.int)
  • As of now, prevention of the transmission of the virus is the only option to stop it. (lightprogress.com)
Demonstrate1
  • We demonstrate efficient inactivation of MPXV by 2 World Health Organization-recommended alcohol-based hand rub solutions. (medscape.com)
Vaccines2
  • the live virus component of orthopoxvirus vaccines) and can spread to humans. (cdc.gov)
  • Learn about our tools that are helping researchers develop diagnostics and vaccines for the SARS-CoV-2 virus. (neb.com)
Droplets1
  • Virus laden droplets are rapidly absorbed into this layer instead of remaining on the surface of the mask. (dumpsterrentalguys.com)
Particles3
  • The vector sequence containing the packaging signal is transfected into the packaging cells, and inclusion of the packaging signal in the construct insures that the vector sequence is packaged into virus particles. (southalabama.edu)
  • Virus particles are harvested from packaging cell lines transfected with a vector sequence, and these particles are used to "transduce" the vector sequence (as well as the retrovirus RNA) into target cells bearing the appropriate receptors for the retroviral or other viral envelope expressed on the virus particles. (southalabama.edu)
  • NIOSH experts will participate in the panel discussion on what is known about the effectiveness of respirators and surgical masks with regard to influenza virus or particles of a similar size to provide worker protection. (cdc.gov)
Monkeypox2
  • It is caused by the monkeypox virus, which is a member of the Poxviridae family's orthopoxvirus (OPXV) genus. (who.int)
  • Monkeypox virus has two clades: the West African and the Congo Basin (Central African) clades. (who.int)
Protein4
  • Knowledge of virus capsid structures and protein compositions can be used to qualitatively predict the relative resistance or susceptibility of virus types to PAA. (elsevier.com)
  • Inactivation of eIF2α lowers protein production, which helps protect cells from damage. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Viable viruses can be present in these scabs, and the protein material of the scab can protect the viruses from desiccation. (cdc.gov)
  • The CR2 region of the adenovirus E1A protein also interacts with pRB, E2F is released and the virus replicates. (medicaltrend.org)
Infects1
  • As a model enveloped virus, the researchers chose an RNA virus, called ϕ6, that infects bacteria. (acs.org)
Fungi1
  • This is most effective against Gram-positive bacteria, some Gram-negative bacteria, some enveloped viruses, fungi, yeasts and protozoa due to varying surface structures [10]. (kenyon.edu)
Cells8
  • The virus can infect B-cells and epithelial cells Footnote 1 Footnote 3 Footnote 4 . (canada.ca)
  • and/or a perturbation of the ability of the virus to bind to its receptor on target cells. (ozonedetox.com)
  • We included comparative controls in the study using milk samples from the same donors without addition of virus (pasteurized and unpasteurized) as well as replicates of Vero E6 cells directly inoculated with SARS-CoV-2. (cmaj.ca)
  • Gamma-clade viruses replicated to higher levels in mammalian cells than pandemic clade. (elifesciences.org)
  • At 20 minutes, the virus was not found to have toxicological effects on cells. (olansiglobal.com)
  • Tumor or tissue-specific promoters can control E1A-mediated virus replication so that it can only be expressed in tumor cells, but is low or not expressed in normal cells. (medicaltrend.org)
  • The deletion of adenovirus E1A CR2 prevents the combination of E1A and pRB, and the virus cannot release E2F in normal cells, nor can it replicate. (medicaltrend.org)
  • The released offspring of the virus further infect uninfected tumor cells and continue to spread the virus. (medicaltrend.org)
Corona virus1
  • As global economics sagged late in February, the worldwide impact of the Wuhan Corona virus (Covid-19) illness becomes apparent. (eastflagfamilymed.com)
Pediatric Common Variable Immunodeficiency Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Immunoglobulin Replacement Therapy,...
Pediatric Common Variable Immunodeficiency Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Immunoglobulin Replacement Therapy,... (medscape.com)
Guidelines for Environmental Infection Control in Health-Care Facilities: Recommendations of CDC and the Healthcare Infection...
Guidelines for Environmental Infection Control in Health-Care Facilities: Recommendations of CDC and the Healthcare Infection... (cdc.gov)
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Changes in Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Activity During the COVID-19 Pandemic - United States, 2020-2021 | MMWR
Changes in Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Activity During the COVID-19 Pandemic - United States, 2020-2021 | MMWR (cdc.gov)
Communicating With Parents About Vaccines
Communicating With Parents About Vaccines (medscape.com)
Updated Norovirus Outbreak Management and Disease Prevention Guidelines
Updated Norovirus Outbreak Management and Disease Prevention Guidelines (cdc.gov)
Norovirus Outbreak Associated with Ill Food-Service Workers --- Michigan, January--February 2006
Norovirus Outbreak Associated with Ill Food-Service Workers --- Michigan, January--February 2006 (cdc.gov)
Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-Care Settings
Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-Care Settings (cdc.gov)
Common Variable Immunodeficiency Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Surgical Care, Consultations
Common Variable Immunodeficiency Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Surgical Care, Consultations (medscape.com)
Eastern Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus Infection in a Horse from California - Volume 8, Number 3-March 2002 - Emerging...
Eastern Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus Infection in a Horse from California - Volume 8, Number 3-March 2002 - Emerging... (wwwnc.cdc.gov)
Virus Transfer from Personal Protective Equipment to Healthcare Employees' Skin and Clothing - Volume 14, Number 8-August 2008 ...
Virus Transfer from Personal Protective Equipment to Healthcare Employees' Skin and Clothing - Volume 14, Number 8-August 2008 ... (wwwnc.cdc.gov)
Information on the Survivability of the Ebolavirus in Medical Waste | Cleaning and Disinfecting | Clinicians | Ebola (Ebola...
Information on the Survivability of the Ebolavirus in Medical Waste | Cleaning and Disinfecting | Clinicians | Ebola (Ebola... (cdc.gov)
The virucidal effects of 405 nm visible light on SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus | Scientific Reports
The virucidal effects of 405 nm visible light on SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus | Scientific Reports (nature.com)
Volume 13, Number 10-October 2007 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
Volume 13, Number 10-October 2007 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC (wwwnc.cdc.gov)
Environmental Sampling for Avian Influenza Virus A (H5N1) in Live-Bird Markets, Indonesia - Volume 16, Number 12-December 2010 ...
Environmental Sampling for Avian Influenza Virus A (H5N1) in Live-Bird Markets, Indonesia - Volume 16, Number 12-December 2010 ... (wwwnc.cdc.gov)
Hepatitis A Q&As for Health Professionals | CDC
Hepatitis A Q&As for Health Professionals | CDC (cdc.gov)
Zach Weiner | CDC | Laboratory Week 2019
Zach Weiner | CDC | Laboratory Week 2019 (cdc.gov)
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Volume 22, Number 7-July 2016 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
Volume 22, Number 7-July 2016 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC (wwwnc.cdc.gov)
Pulmonary Interstitial Emphysema Differential Diagnoses
Pulmonary Interstitial Emphysema Differential Diagnoses (emedicine.medscape.com)
Transfusion-Transmitted Diseases: Overview, Bacterial Infections, Viral Infections
Transfusion-Transmitted Diseases: Overview, Bacterial Infections, Viral Infections (medscape.com)
X-linked Immunodeficiency With Hyper IgM: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology
X-linked Immunodeficiency With Hyper IgM: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology (medscape.com)