Virus diseases. Medical search

An RNA virus infection of rhesus, vervet, and squirrel monkeys transmissible to man.

A general term for diseases produced by viruses.

A species of ALPHAVIRUS associated with epidemic EXANTHEMA and polyarthritis in Australia.

A group of viral diseases of diverse etiology but having many similar clinical characteristics; increased capillary permeability, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia are common to all. Hemorrhagic fevers are characterized by sudden onset, fever, headache, generalized myalgia, backache, conjunctivitis, and severe prostration, followed by various hemorrhagic symptoms. Hemorrhagic fever with kidney involvement is HEMORRHAGIC FEVER WITH RENAL SYNDROME.

Virus diseases caused by members of the ALPHAVIRUS genus of the family TOGAVIRIDAE.

Pneumovirus infections caused by the RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUSES. Humans and cattle are most affected but infections in goats and sheep have been reported.

A state in northeastern Australia. Its capital is Brisbane. Its coast was first visited by Captain Cook in 1770 and its first settlement (penal) was located on Moreton Bay in 1824. The name Cooksland was first proposed but honor to Queen Victoria prevailed. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p996 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p441)

Viruses whose genetic material is RNA.

A genus in the family FILOVIRIDAE consisting of one species (Lake Victoria marburgvirus) with several strains. The genus shows no antigenic cross-reactivity with EBOLAVIRUS.

A mosquito-borne viral illness caused by the WEST NILE VIRUS, a FLAVIVIRUS and endemic to regions of Africa, Asia, and Europe. Common clinical features include HEADACHE; FEVER; maculopapular rash; gastrointestinal symptoms; and lymphadenopathy. MENINGITIS; ENCEPHALITIS; and MYELITIS may also occur. The disease may occasionally be fatal or leave survivors with residual neurologic deficits. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, p13; Lancet 1998 Sep 5;352(9130):767-71)

Diseases of viral origin, characterized by incubation periods of months to years, insidious onset of clinical manifestations, and protracted clinical course. Though the disease process is protracted, viral multiplication may not be unusually slow. Conventional viruses produce slow virus diseases such as SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY, PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL), and AIDS. Diseases produced by unconventional agents were originally considered part of this group. They are now called PRION DISEASES.

The process of intracellular viral multiplication, consisting of the synthesis of PROTEINS; NUCLEIC ACIDS; and sometimes LIPIDS, and their assembly into a new infectious particle.

Infections caused by arthropod-borne viruses, general or unspecified.

The type species of ORTHOPOXVIRUS, related to COWPOX VIRUS, but whose true origin is unknown. It has been used as a live vaccine against SMALLPOX. It is also used as a vector for inserting foreign DNA into animals. Rabbitpox virus is a subspecies of VACCINIA VIRUS.

A species of FLAVIVIRUS, one of the Japanese encephalitis virus group (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSES, JAPANESE). It can infect birds and mammals. In humans, it is seen most frequently in Africa, Asia, and Europe presenting as a silent infection or undifferentiated fever (WEST NILE FEVER). The virus appeared in North America for the first time in 1999. It is transmitted mainly by CULEX spp mosquitoes which feed primarily on birds, but it can also be carried by the Asian Tiger mosquito, AEDES albopictus, which feeds mainly on mammals.

A group of viruses in the PNEUMOVIRUS genus causing respiratory infections in various mammals. Humans and cattle are most affected but infections in goats and sheep have also been reported.

The type species of PNEUMOVIRUS and an important cause of lower respiratory disease in infants and young children. It frequently presents with bronchitis and bronchopneumonia and is further characterized by fever, cough, dyspnea, wheezing, and pallor.

A genus of TOGAVIRIDAE, also known as Group A arboviruses, serologically related to each other but not to other Togaviridae. The viruses are transmitted by mosquitoes. The type species is the SINDBIS VIRUS.

Specific molecular components of the cell capable of recognizing and interacting with a virus, and which, after binding it, are capable of generating some signal that initiates the chain of events leading to the biological response.

Process of growing viruses in live animals, plants, or cultured cells.

Ribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses.

The expelling of virus particles from the body. Important routes include the respiratory tract, genital tract, and intestinal tract. Virus shedding is an important means of vertical transmission (INFECTIOUS DISEASE TRANSMISSION, VERTICAL).

A genus in the family FILOVIRIDAE consisting of several distinct species of Ebolavirus, each containing separate strains. These viruses cause outbreaks of a contagious, hemorrhagic disease (HEMORRHAGIC FEVER, EBOLA) in humans, usually with high mortality.

A species of POLYOMAVIRUS originally isolated from Rhesus monkey kidney tissue. It produces malignancy in human and newborn hamster kidney cell cultures.

Agents used in the prophylaxis or therapy of VIRUS DISEASES. Some of the ways they may act include preventing viral replication by inhibiting viral DNA polymerase; binding to specific cell-surface receptors and inhibiting viral penetration or uncoating; inhibiting viral protein synthesis; or blocking late stages of virus assembly.

Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

The assembly of VIRAL STRUCTURAL PROTEINS and nucleic acid (VIRAL DNA or VIRAL RNA) to form a VIRUS PARTICLE.

Viruses parasitic on plants higher than bacteria.

Viruses whose nucleic acid is DNA.

Sudden increase in the incidence of a disease. The concept includes EPIDEMICS and PANDEMICS.

A GUANOSINE analog that acts as an antimetabolite. Viruses are especially susceptible. Used especially against herpes.

Viruses which lack a complete genome so that they cannot completely replicate or cannot form a protein coat. Some are host-dependent defectives, meaning they can replicate only in cell systems which provide the particular genetic function which they lack. Others, called SATELLITE VIRUSES, are able to replicate only when their genetic defect is complemented by a helper virus.

The type species of ALPHAVIRUS normally transmitted to birds by CULEX mosquitoes in Egypt, South Africa, India, Malaya, the Philippines, and Australia. It may be associated with fever in humans. Serotypes (differing by less than 17% in nucleotide sequence) include Babanki, Kyzylagach, and Ockelbo viruses.

The type species of MORBILLIVIRUS and the cause of the highly infectious human disease MEASLES, which affects mostly children.

A subtype of INFLUENZA A VIRUS with the surface proteins hemagglutinin 1 and neuraminidase 1. The H1N1 subtype was responsible for the Spanish flu pandemic of 1918.

The type species of LYSSAVIRUS causing rabies in humans and other animals. Transmission is mostly by animal bites through saliva. The virus is neurotropic multiplying in neurons and myotubes of vertebrates.

A subtype of INFLUENZA A VIRUS comprised of the surface proteins hemagglutinin 5 and neuraminidase 1. The H5N1 subtype, frequently referred to as the bird flu virus, is endemic in wild birds and very contagious among both domestic (POULTRY) and wild birds. It does not usually infect humans, but some cases have been reported.

Immunoglobulins produced in response to VIRAL ANTIGENS.

The number of CD4-POSITIVE T-LYMPHOCYTES per unit volume of BLOOD. Determination requires the use of a fluorescence-activated flow cytometer.

The quantity of measurable virus in a body fluid. Change in viral load, measured in plasma, is sometimes used as a SURROGATE MARKER in disease progression.

A subtype of INFLUENZA A VIRUS comprised of the surface proteins hemagglutinin 3 and neuraminidase 2. The H3N2 subtype was responsible for the Hong Kong flu pandemic of 1968.

The type species of the genus ORTHOHEPADNAVIRUS which causes human HEPATITIS B and is also apparently a causal agent in human HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA. The Dane particle is an intact hepatitis virion, named after its discoverer. Non-infectious spherical and tubular particles are also seen in the serum.

A family of the order DIPTERA that comprises the mosquitoes. The larval stages are aquatic, and the adults can be recognized by the characteristic WINGS, ANIMAL venation, the scales along the wing veins, and the long proboscis. Many species are of particular medical importance.

An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count under 200 cells/microliter or less than 14% of total lymphocytes, and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections and malignant neoplasms. Clinical manifestations also include emaciation (wasting) and dementia. These elements reflect criteria for AIDS as defined by the CDC in 1993.

Diseases of plants.

The mechanism by which latent viruses, such as genetically transmitted tumor viruses (PROVIRUSES) or PROPHAGES of lysogenic bacteria, are induced to replicate and then released as infectious viruses. It may be effected by various endogenous and exogenous stimuli, including B-cell LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES, glucocorticoid hormones, halogenated pyrimidines, IONIZING RADIATION, ultraviolet light, and superinfecting viruses.

The functional hereditary units of VIRUSES.

A group of acute infections caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2 that is characterized by the development of one or more small fluid-filled vesicles with a raised erythematous base on the skin or mucous membrane. It occurs as a primary infection or recurs due to a reactivation of a latent infection. (Dorland, 27th ed.)

Substances elaborated by viruses that have antigenic activity.

The type species of VESICULOVIRUS causing a disease symptomatically similar to FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE in cattle, horses, and pigs. It may be transmitted to other species including humans, where it causes influenza-like symptoms.

The ability of a pathogenic virus to lie dormant within a cell (latent infection). In eukaryotes, subsequent activation and viral replication is thought to be caused by extracellular stimulation of cellular transcription factors. Latency in bacteriophage is maintained by the expression of virally encoded repressors.

Proteins found in any species of virus.

Membrane glycoproteins from influenza viruses which are involved in hemagglutination, virus attachment, and envelope fusion. Fourteen distinct subtypes of HA glycoproteins and nine of NA glycoproteins have been identified from INFLUENZA A VIRUS; no subtypes have been identified for Influenza B or Influenza C viruses.

In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.

Viruses that produce tumors.

A CELL LINE derived from the kidney of the African green (vervet) monkey, (CERCOPITHECUS AETHIOPS) used primarily in virus replication studies and plaque assays.

Species of the genus LENTIVIRUS, subgenus primate immunodeficiency viruses (IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES, PRIMATE), that induces acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in monkeys and apes (SAIDS). The genetic organization of SIV is virtually identical to HIV.

Infection with CYTOMEGALOVIRUS, characterized by enlarged cells bearing intranuclear inclusions. Infection may be in almost any organ, but the salivary glands are the most common site in children, as are the lungs in adults.

Divisions of the year according to some regularly recurrent phenomena usually astronomical or climatic. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

A species of CERCOPITHECUS containing three subspecies: C. tantalus, C. pygerythrus, and C. sabeus. They are found in the forests and savannah of Africa. The African green monkey (C. pygerythrus) is the natural host of SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS and is used in AIDS research.

Opportunistic infections found in patients who test positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The most common include PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA, Kaposi's sarcoma, cryptosporidiosis, herpes simplex, toxoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, and infections with Mycobacterium avium complex, Microsporidium, and Cytomegalovirus.

The type species of RUBULAVIRUS that causes an acute infectious disease in humans, affecting mainly children. Transmission occurs by droplet infection.

A species of RESPIROVIRUS also called hemadsorption virus 2 (HA2), which causes laryngotracheitis in humans, especially children.

Suspensions of attenuated or killed viruses administered for the prevention or treatment of infectious viral disease.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Viruses which produce a mottled appearance of the leaves of plants.

The infective system of a virus, composed of the viral genome, a protein core, and a protein coat called a capsid, which may be naked or enclosed in a lipoprotein envelope called the peplos.

A species in the genus HEPATOVIRUS containing one serotype and two strains: HUMAN HEPATITIS A VIRUS and Simian hepatitis A virus causing hepatitis in humans (HEPATITIS A) and primates, respectively.

The worsening of a disease over time. This concept is most often used for chronic and incurable diseases where the stage of the disease is an important determinant of therapy and prognosis.

A genus of the family HERPESVIRIDAE, subfamily BETAHERPESVIRINAE, infecting the salivary glands, liver, spleen, lungs, eyes, and other organs, in which they produce characteristically enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusions. Infection with Cytomegalovirus is also seen as an opportunistic infection in AIDS.

A species of ALPHAVIRUS isolated in central, eastern, and southern Africa.

Group of alpharetroviruses (ALPHARETROVIRUS) producing sarcomata and other tumors in chickens and other fowl and also in pigeons, ducks, and RATS.

The measurement of infection-blocking titer of ANTISERA by testing a series of dilutions for a given virus-antiserum interaction end-point, which is generally the dilution at which tissue cultures inoculated with the serum-virus mixtures demonstrate cytopathology (CPE) or the dilution at which 50% of test animals injected with serum-virus mixtures show infectivity (ID50) or die (LD50).

Method for measuring viral infectivity and multiplication in CULTURED CELLS. Clear lysed areas or plaques develop as the VIRAL PARTICLES are released from the infected cells during incubation. With some VIRUSES, the cells are killed by a cytopathic effect; with others, the infected cells are not killed but can be detected by their hemadsorptive ability. Sometimes the plaque cells contain VIRAL ANTIGENS which can be measured by IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE.

The binding of virus particles to receptors on the host cell surface. For enveloped viruses, the virion ligand is usually a surface glycoprotein as is the cellular receptor. For non-enveloped viruses, the virus CAPSID serves as the ligand.

A species of POLYOMAVIRUS apparently infecting over 90% of children but not clearly associated with any clinical illness in childhood. The virus remains latent in the body throughout life and can be reactivated under certain circumstances.

Infections produced by oncogenic viruses. The infections caused by DNA viruses are less numerous but more diverse than those caused by the RNA oncogenic viruses.

Viruses whose taxonomic relationships have not been established.

A species of POLYOMAVIRUS, originally isolated from the brain of a patient with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. The patient's initials J.C. gave the virus its name. Infection is not accompanied by any apparent illness but serious demyelinating disease can appear later, probably following reactivation of latent virus.

The type species of ALPHARETROVIRUS producing latent or manifest lymphoid leukosis in fowl.

The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses.

A family of RNA viruses causing INFLUENZA and other diseases. There are five recognized genera: INFLUENZAVIRUS A; INFLUENZAVIRUS B; INFLUENZAVIRUS C; ISAVIRUS; and THOGOTOVIRUS.

The type species of ORBIVIRUS causing a serious disease in sheep, especially lambs. It may also infect wild ruminants and other domestic animals.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

Virus diseases caused by the ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic factors influence the differential control of gene action in viruses.

The type species of RESPIROVIRUS in the subfamily PARAMYXOVIRINAE. It is the murine version of HUMAN PARAINFLUENZA VIRUS 1, distinguished by host range.

A strain of Murine leukemia virus (LEUKEMIA VIRUS, MURINE) arising during the propagation of S37 mouse sarcoma, and causing lymphoid leukemia in mice. It also infects rats and newborn hamsters. It is apparently transmitted to embryos in utero and to newborns through mother's milk.

Insertion of viral DNA into host-cell DNA. This includes integration of phage DNA into bacterial DNA; (LYSOGENY); to form a PROPHAGE or integration of retroviral DNA into cellular DNA to form a PROVIRUS.

The number of new cases of a given disease during a given period in a specified population. It also is used for the rate at which new events occur in a defined population. It is differentiated from PREVALENCE, which refers to all cases, new or old, in the population at a given time.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

The outer protein protective shell of a virus, which protects the viral nucleic acid.

The type species of the FLAVIVIRUS genus. Principal vector transmission to humans is by AEDES spp. mosquitoes.

A genus of the family HERPESVIRIDAE, subfamily ALPHAHERPESVIRINAE, consisting of herpes simplex-like viruses. The type species is HERPESVIRUS 1, HUMAN.

The type species of TOBAMOVIRUS which causes mosaic disease of tobacco. Transmission occurs by mechanical inoculation.

The type species of LEPORIPOXVIRUS causing infectious myxomatosis, a severe generalized disease, in rabbits. Tumors are not always present.

Inactivation of viruses by non-immune related techniques. They include extremes of pH, HEAT treatment, ultraviolet radiation, IONIZING RADIATION; DESICCATION; ANTISEPTICS; DISINFECTANTS; organic solvents, and DETERGENTS.

A species of ORTHOPOXVIRUS that is the etiologic agent of COWPOX. It is closely related to but antigenically different from VACCINIA VIRUS.

Visible morphologic changes in cells infected with viruses. It includes shutdown of cellular RNA and protein synthesis, cell fusion, release of lysosomal enzymes, changes in cell membrane permeability, diffuse changes in intracellular structures, presence of viral inclusion bodies, and chromosomal aberrations. It excludes malignant transformation, which is CELL TRANSFORMATION, VIRAL. Viral cytopathogenic effects provide a valuable method for identifying and classifying the infecting viruses.

A species of ORTHOPOXVIRUS causing infections in humans. No infections have been reported since 1977 and the virus is now believed to be virtually extinct.

A species of ARENAVIRUS, part of the Old World Arenaviruses (ARENAVIRUSES, OLD WORLD), and the etiologic agent of LASSA FEVER. LASSA VIRUS is a common infective agent in humans in West Africa. Its natural host is the multimammate mouse Mastomys natalensis.

A species of ALPHAVIRUS causing an acute dengue-like fever.

The type species in the genus NOROVIRUS, first isolated in 1968 from the stools of school children in Norwalk, Ohio, who were suffering from GASTROENTERITIS. The virions are non-enveloped spherical particles containing a single protein. Multiple strains are named after the places where outbreaks have occurred.

An acute viral infection in humans involving the respiratory tract. It is marked by inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA; the PHARYNX; and conjunctiva, and by headache and severe, often generalized, myalgia.

A collection of single-stranded RNA viruses scattered across the Bunyaviridae, Flaviviridae, and Togaviridae families whose common property is the ability to induce encephalitic conditions in infected hosts.

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

Biological properties, processes, and activities of VIRUSES.

The type species of SIMPLEXVIRUS causing most forms of non-genital herpes simplex in humans. Primary infection occurs mainly in infants and young children and then the virus becomes latent in the dorsal root ganglion. It then is periodically reactivated throughout life causing mostly benign conditions.

Infection with human herpesvirus 4 (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN); which may facilitate the development of various lymphoproliferative disorders. These include BURKITT LYMPHOMA (African type), INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS, and oral hairy leukoplakia (LEUKOPLAKIA, HAIRY).

An infant during the first month after birth.

A genus of FLAVIVIRIDAE causing parenterally-transmitted HEPATITIS C which is associated with transfusions and drug abuse. Hepatitis C virus is the type species.

DNA molecules capable of autonomous replication within a host cell and into which other DNA sequences can be inserted and thus amplified. Many are derived from PLASMIDS; BACTERIOPHAGES; or VIRUSES. They are used for transporting foreign genes into recipient cells. Genetic vectors possess a functional replicator site and contain GENETIC MARKERS to facilitate their selective recognition.

The type species of LYMPHOCRYPTOVIRUS, subfamily GAMMAHERPESVIRINAE, infecting B-cells in humans. It is thought to be the causative agent of INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS and is strongly associated with oral hairy leukoplakia (LEUKOPLAKIA, HAIRY;), BURKITT LYMPHOMA; and other malignancies.

A subgroup of the genus FLAVIVIRUS that causes encephalitis and hemorrhagic fevers and is found in eastern and western Europe and the former Soviet Union. It is transmitted by TICKS and there is an associated milk-borne transmission from viremic cattle, goats, and sheep.

A species of RESPIROVIRUS frequently isolated from small children with pharyngitis, bronchitis, and pneumonia.

A species of GAMMARETROVIRUS causing leukemia, lymphosarcoma, immune deficiency, or other degenerative diseases in cats. Several cellular oncogenes confer on FeLV the ability to induce sarcomas (see also SARCOMA VIRUSES, FELINE).

Viral proteins that are components of the mature assembled VIRUS PARTICLES. They may include nucleocapsid core proteins (gag proteins), enzymes packaged within the virus particle (pol proteins), and membrane components (env proteins). These do not include the proteins encoded in the VIRAL GENOME that are produced in infected cells but which are not packaged in the mature virus particle,i.e. the so called non-structural proteins (VIRAL NONSTRUCTURAL PROTEINS).

A subfamily in the family MURIDAE, comprising the hamsters. Four of the more common genera are Cricetus, CRICETULUS; MESOCRICETUS; and PHODOPUS.

The type species of APHTHOVIRUS, causing FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE in cloven-hoofed animals. Several different serotypes exist.

Proteins that form the CAPSID of VIRUSES.

Specific hemagglutinin subtypes encoded by VIRUSES.

A species of ARTERIVIRUS causing reproductive and respiratory disease in pigs. The European strain is called Lelystad virus. Airborne transmission is common.

Any of the viruses that cause inflammation of the liver. They include both DNA and RNA viruses as well viruses from humans and animals.

The degree of pathogenicity within a group or species of microorganisms or viruses as indicated by case fatality rates and/or the ability of the organism to invade the tissues of the host. The pathogenic capacity of an organism is determined by its VIRULENCE FACTORS.

Production of new arrangements of DNA by various mechanisms such as assortment and segregation, CROSSING OVER; GENE CONVERSION; GENETIC TRANSFORMATION; GENETIC CONJUGATION; GENETIC TRANSDUCTION; or mixed infection of viruses.

A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

Defective viruses which can multiply only by association with a helper virus which complements the defective gene. Satellite viruses may be associated with certain plant viruses, animal viruses, or bacteriophages. They differ from satellite RNA; (RNA, SATELLITE) in that satellite viruses encode their own coat protein.

Tumor-selective, replication competent VIRUSES that have antineoplastic effects. This is achieved by producing cytotoxicity-enhancing proteins and/or eliciting an antitumor immune response. They are genetically engineered so that they can replicate in CANCER cells but not in normal cells, and are used in ONCOLYTIC VIROTHERAPY.

The type species of PARAPOXVIRUS which causes a skin infection in natural hosts, usually young sheep. Humans may contract local skin lesions by contact. The virus apparently persists in soil.

A strain of PRIMATE T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 1 isolated from mature T4 cells in patients with T-lymphoproliferation malignancies. It causes adult T-cell leukemia (LEUKEMIA-LYMPHOMA, T-CELL, ACUTE, HTLV-I-ASSOCIATED), T-cell lymphoma (LYMPHOMA, T-CELL), and is involved in mycosis fungoides, SEZARY SYNDROME and tropical spastic paraparesis (PARAPARESIS, TROPICAL SPASTIC).

A group of viruses in the genus PESTIVIRUS, causing diarrhea, fever, oral ulcerations, hemorrhagic syndrome, and various necrotic lesions among cattle and other domestic animals. The two species (genotypes), BVDV-1 and BVDV-2 , exhibit antigenic and pathological differences. The historical designation, BVDV, consisted of both (then unrecognized) genotypes.

A positive-stranded RNA virus species in the genus HEPEVIRUS, causing enterically-transmitted non-A, non-B hepatitis (HEPATITIS E).

A strain of Murine leukemia virus (LEUKEMIA VIRUS, MURINE) producing leukemia of the reticulum-cell type with massive infiltration of liver, spleen, and bone marrow. It infects DBA/2 and Swiss mice.

The type species of BETARETROVIRUS commonly latent in mice. It causes mammary adenocarcinoma in a genetically susceptible strain of mice when the appropriate hormonal influences operate.

An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of alpha-2,3, alpha-2,6-, and alpha-2,8-glycosidic linkages (at a decreasing rate, respectively) of terminal sialic residues in oligosaccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, colominic acid, and synthetic substrate. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992)

An inheritable change in cells manifested by changes in cell division and growth and alterations in cell surface properties. It is induced by infection with a transforming virus.

Proteins found mainly in icosahedral DNA and RNA viruses. They consist of proteins directly associated with the nucleic acid inside the NUCLEOCAPSID.

A group of replication-defective viruses, in the genus GAMMARETROVIRUS, which are capable of transforming cells, but which replicate and produce tumors only in the presence of Murine leukemia viruses (LEUKEMIA VIRUS, MURINE).

Viruses whose hosts are in the domain ARCHAEA.

INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by HEPATITIS C VIRUS, a single-stranded RNA virus. Its incubation period is 30-90 days. Hepatitis C is transmitted primarily by contaminated blood parenterally, and is often associated with transfusion and intravenous drug abuse. However, in a significant number of cases, the source of hepatitis C infection is unknown.

A subtype of INFLUENZA A VIRUS comprised of the surface proteins hemagglutinin 7 and neuraminidase 7. The H7N7 subtype produced an epidemic in 2003 which was highly pathogenic among domestic birds (POULTRY). Some infections in humans were reported.

The first continuously cultured human malignant CELL LINE, derived from the cervical carcinoma of Henrietta Lacks. These cells are used for VIRUS CULTIVATION and antitumor drug screening assays.

The type species of the genus AVIPOXVIRUS. It is the etiologic agent of FOWLPOX.

A suborder of PRIMATES consisting of six families: CEBIDAE (some New World monkeys), ATELIDAE (some New World monkeys), CERCOPITHECIDAE (Old World monkeys), HYLOBATIDAE (gibbons and siamangs), CALLITRICHINAE (marmosets and tamarins), and HOMINIDAE (humans and great apes).

The type species of DELTARETROVIRUS that causes a form of bovine lymphosarcoma (ENZOOTIC BOVINE LEUKOSIS) or persistent lymphocytosis.

Serologic tests in which a known quantity of antigen is added to the serum prior to the addition of a red cell suspension. Reaction result is expressed as the smallest amount of antigen which causes complete inhibition of hemagglutination.

A species of HENIPAVIRUS first identified in Australia in 1994 in HORSES and transmitted to humans. The natural host appears to be fruit bats (PTEROPUS).

A sequence of successive nucleotide triplets that are read as CODONS specifying AMINO ACIDS and begin with an INITIATOR CODON and end with a stop codon (CODON, TERMINATOR).

The interactions between a host and a pathogen, usually resulting in disease.

The biosynthesis of RNA carried out on a template of DNA. The biosynthesis of DNA from an RNA template is called REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION.

The study of the structure, growth, function, genetics, and reproduction of viruses, and VIRUS DISEASES.

The type species of ARENAVIRUS, part of the Old World Arenaviruses (ARENAVIRUSES, OLD WORLD), producing a silent infection in house and laboratory mice. In humans, infection with LCMV can be inapparent, or can present with an influenza-like illness, a benign aseptic meningitis, or a severe meningoencephalomyelitis. The virus can also infect monkeys, dogs, field mice, guinea pigs, and hamsters, the latter an epidemiologically important host.

Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques.

The type species of LENTIVIRUS and the etiologic agent of AIDS. It is characterized by its cytopathic effect and affinity for the T4-lymphocyte.

A species in the genus Bornavirus, family BORNAVIRIDAE, causing a rare and usually fatal encephalitic disease in horses and other domestic animals and possibly deer. Its name derives from the city in Saxony where the condition was first described in 1894, but the disease occurs in Europe, N. Africa, and the Near East.

A species in the ORTHOBUNYAVIRUS genus of the family BUNYAVIRIDAE. A large number of serotypes or strains exist in many parts of the world. They are transmitted by mosquitoes and infect humans in some areas.

A phenomenon in which infection by a first virus results in resistance of cells or tissues to infection by a second, unrelated virus.

Family of RNA viruses that infects birds and mammals and encodes the enzyme reverse transcriptase. The family contains seven genera: DELTARETROVIRUS; LENTIVIRUS; RETROVIRUSES TYPE B, MAMMALIAN; ALPHARETROVIRUS; GAMMARETROVIRUS; RETROVIRUSES TYPE D; and SPUMAVIRUS. A key feature of retrovirus biology is the synthesis of a DNA copy of the genome which is integrated into cellular DNA. After integration it is sometimes not expressed but maintained in a latent state (PROVIRUSES).

The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.

Human immunodeficiency virus. A non-taxonomic and historical term referring to any of two species, specifically HIV-1 and/or HIV-2. Prior to 1986, this was called human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV). From 1986-1990, it was an official species called HIV. Since 1991, HIV was no longer considered an official species name; the two species were designated HIV-1 and HIV-2.

A species of MORBILLIVIRUS causing distemper in dogs, wolves, foxes, raccoons, and ferrets. Pinnipeds have also been known to contract Canine distemper virus from contact with domestic dogs.

The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

Proteins coded by the retroviral gag gene. The products are usually synthesized as protein precursors or POLYPROTEINS, which are then cleaved by viral proteases to yield the final products. Many of the final products are associated with the nucleoprotein core of the virion. gag is short for group-specific antigen.

Proteins, usually glycoproteins, found in the viral envelopes of a variety of viruses. They promote cell membrane fusion and thereby may function in the uptake of the virus by cells.

A species of MORBILLIVIRUS causing cattle plague, a disease with high mortality. Sheep, goats, pigs, and other animals of the order Artiodactyla can also be infected.

A subtype of INFLUENZA A VIRUS with the surface proteins hemagglutinin 7 and neuraminidase 9. This avian origin virus was first identified in humans in 2013.

A defective virus, containing particles of RNA nucleoprotein in virion-like form, present in patients with acute hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis. It requires the presence of a hepadnavirus for full replication. This is the lone species in the genus Deltavirus.

The type species of VARICELLOVIRUS causing CHICKENPOX (varicella) and HERPES ZOSTER (shingles) in humans.

An enzyme that catalyses RNA-template-directed extension of the 3'- end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time, and can initiate a chain de novo. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p293)

A species of ORTHOPOXVIRUS causing an epidemic disease among captive primates.

Sites on an antigen that interact with specific antibodies.

An enzyme that synthesizes DNA on an RNA template. It is encoded by the pol gene of retroviruses and by certain retrovirus-like elements. EC 2.7.7.49.

Warm-blooded VERTEBRATES possessing FEATHERS and belonging to the class Aves.

The developmental entity of a fertilized chicken egg (ZYGOTE). The developmental process begins about 24 h before the egg is laid at the BLASTODISC, a small whitish spot on the surface of the EGG YOLK. After 21 days of incubation, the embryo is fully developed before hatching.

The lone species of the genus Asfivirus. It infects domestic and wild pigs, warthogs, and bushpigs. Disease is endemic in domestic swine in many African countries and Sardinia. Soft ticks of the genus Ornithodoros are also infected and act as vectors.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.

Live vaccines prepared from microorganisms which have undergone physical adaptation (e.g., by radiation or temperature conditioning) or serial passage in laboratory animal hosts or infected tissue/cell cultures, in order to produce avirulent mutant strains capable of inducing protective immunity.

A genus of the family PARAMYXOVIRIDAE (subfamily PARAMYXOVIRINAE) where all the virions have both HEMAGGLUTININ and NEURAMINIDASE activities and encode a non-structural C protein. SENDAI VIRUS is the type species.

A species in the group RETICULOENDOTHELIOSIS VIRUSES, AVIAN of the genus GAMMARETROVIRUS that causes a chronic neoplastic and a more acute immunosuppressive disease in fowl.

The presence of viruses in the blood.

A mosquito-borne species of the PHLEBOVIRUS genus found in eastern, central, and southern Africa, producing massive hepatitis, abortion, and death in sheep, goats, cattle, and other animals. It also has caused disease in humans.

A species of LENTIVIRUS, subgenus equine lentiviruses (LENTIVIRUSES, EQUINE), causing acute and chronic infection in horses. It is transmitted mechanically by biting flies, mosquitoes, and midges, and iatrogenically through unsterilized equipment. Chronic infection often consists of acute episodes with remissions.

Common name for the species Gallus gallus, the domestic fowl, in the family Phasianidae, order GALLIFORMES. It is descended from the red jungle fowl of SOUTHEAST ASIA.

A species of CORONAVIRUS causing infections in chickens and possibly pheasants. Chicks up to four weeks old are the most severely affected.

A species of VARICELLOVIRUS producing a respiratory infection (PSEUDORABIES) in swine, its natural host. It also produces an usually fatal ENCEPHALOMYELITIS in cattle, sheep, dogs, cats, foxes, and mink.

Serological reactions in which an antiserum against one antigen reacts with a non-identical but closely related antigen.

A species of non-enveloped DNA virus in the genus ANELLOVIRUS, associated with BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS; and HEPATITIS. However, no etiological role has been found for TTV in hepatitis.

An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.

A subtype of INFLUENZA A VIRUS comprised of the surface proteins hemagglutinin 5 and neuraminidase 2. The H5N2 subtype has been found to be highly pathogenic in chickens.

A strain of Murine leukemia virus (LEUKEMIA VIRUS, MURINE) isolated from spontaneous leukemia in AKR strain mice.

A species of ORTHOPOXVIRUS infecting mice and causing a disease that involves internal organs and produces characteristic skin lesions.

Genotypic differences observed among individuals in a population.

New perspectives on biliary atresia. (1/2922)

An investigation into the aetiology, diagnosis, and treatment of biliary atresia was carried out because the prognosis remains so poor.In an electron microscopical study no viral particles or viral inclusion bodies were seen, nor were any specific ultrastructural features observed. An animal experiment suggested that obstruction within the biliary tract of newborn rabbits could be produced by maternal intravenous injection of the bile acid lithocholic acid.A simple and atraumatic method of diagnosis was developed using(99) (m)Tc-labelled compounds which are excreted into bile. Two compounds, (99m)Tc-pyridoxylidene glutamate ((99m)Tc-PG) and (99m)Tc-dihydrothioctic acid ((99m)Tc-DHT) were first assessed in normal piglets and piglets with complete biliary obstruction. Intestinal imaging correlated with biliary tract patency, and the same correlation was found in jaundiced human adults, in whom the (99m)Tc-PG scan correctly determined biliary patency in 21 out of 24 cases. The (99m)Tc-PG scan compared well with liver biopsy and (131)I-Rose Bengal in the diagnosis of 11 infants with prolonged jaundice.A model of extrahepatic biliary atresia was developed in the newborn piglet so that different methods of bile drainage could be assessed. Priorities in biliary atresia lie in a better understanding of the aetiology and early diagnosis rather than in devising new bile drainage procedures. (+info)

From myocarditis to cardiomyopathy: mechanisms of inflammation and cell death: learning from the past for the future. (2/2922)

A progression from viral myocarditis to dilated cardiomyopathy has long been hypothesized, but the actual extent of this progression has been uncertain. However, a causal link between viral myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy has become more evident than before with the tremendous developments in the molecular analyses of autopsy and endomyocardial biopsy specimens, new techniques of viral gene amplification, and modern immunology. The persistence of viral RNA in the myocardium beyond 90 days after inoculation, confirmed by the method of polymerase chain reaction, has given us new insights into the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy. Moreover, new knowledge of T-cell-mediated immune responses in murine viral myocarditis has contributed a great deal to the understanding of the mechanisms of ongoing disease processes. Apoptotic cell death may provide the third concept to explain the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy, in addition to persistent viral RNA in the heart tissue and an immune system-mediated mechanism. Beneficial effects of alpha1-adrenergic blocking agents, carteolol, verapamil, and ACE inhibitors have been shown clinically and experimentally in the treatment of viral myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. Antiviral agents should be more extensively investigated for clinical use. The rather discouraging results obtained to date with immunosuppressive agents in the treatment of viral myocarditis indicated the importance of sparing neutralizing antibody production, which may be controlled by B cells, and raised the possibility of promising developments in immunomodulating therapy. (+info)

Candidate viral diseases for elimination or eradication. (3/2922)

This article discusses the possibilities for elimination or eradication of four viral diseases--measles, hepatitis B, rubella and yellow fever. (+info)

Qualitative and quantitative requirements for CD4+ T cell-mediated antiviral protection. (4/2922)

CD4+ Th cells deliver the cognate and cytokine signals that promote the production of protective virus-neutralizing IgG by specific B cells and are also able to mediate direct antiviral effector functions. To quantitatively and qualitatively analyze the antiviral functions of CD4+ Th cells, we generated transgenic mice (tg7) expressing an MHC class II (I-Ab)-restricted TCR specific for a peptide derived from the glycoprotein (G) of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). The elevated precursor frequency of naive VSV-specific Th cells in tg7 mice led to a markedly accelerated and enhanced class switching to virus-neutralizing IgG after immunization with inactivated VSV. Furthermore, in contrast to nontransgenic controls, tg7 mice rapidly cleared a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the VSV-G (Vacc-IND-G) from peripheral organs. By adoptive transfer of naive tg7 CD4+ T cells into T cell-deficient recipients, we found that 105 transferred CD4+ T cells were sufficient to induce isotype switching after challenge with a suboptimal dose of inactivated VSV. In contrast, naive transgenic CD4+ T cells were unable to adoptively confer protection against peripheral infection with Vacc-IND-G. However, tg7 CD4+ T cells that had been primed in vitro with VSV-G peptide were able to adoptively transfer protection against Vacc-IND-G. These results demonstrate that the antiviral properties of CD4+ T cells are governed by the differentiation status of the CD4+ T cell and by the type of effector response required for virus elimination. (+info)

Preventing zoonotic diseases in immunocompromised persons: the role of physicians and veterinarians. (5/2922)

We surveyed physicians and veterinarians in Wisconsin about the risk for and prevention of zoonotic diseases in immunocompromised persons. We found that physicians and veterinarians hold significantly different views about the risks posed by certain infectious agents and species of animals and communicate very little about zoonotic issues; moreover, physicians believe that veterinarians should be involved in many aspects of zoonotic disease prevention, including patient education. (+info)

Virulence evolution in a virus obeys a trade-off. (6/2922)

The evolution of virulence was studied in a virus subjected to alternating episodes of vertical and horizontal transmission. Bacteriophage f1 was used as the parasite because it establishes a debilitating but non-fatal infection that can be transmitted vertically (from a host to its progeny) as well as horizontally (infection of new hosts). Horizontal transmission was required of all phage at specific intervals, but was prevented otherwise. Each episode of horizontal transmission was followed by an interval of obligate vertical transmission, followed by an interval of obligate horizontal transmission etc. The duration of vertical transmission was eight times longer per episode in one treatment than in the other, thus varying the relative intensity of selection against virulence while maintaining selection for some level of virus production. Viral lines with the higher enforced rate of infectious transmission evolved higher virulence and higher rates of virus production. These results support the trade-off model for the evolution of virulence. (+info)

Seminal tract infections: impact on male fertility and treatment options. (7/2922)

Bacterial and viral infections of the genital tract may be important aetiological factors for male infertility. Infectious processes may lead to deterioration of spermatogenesis, impairment of sperm function and/or obstruction of the seminal tract. Detection of bacteria in semen does not necessarily signify infection since bacteriospermia may represent contamination, colonization or infection. Reported prevalence of Ureaplasma urealyticum in human semen varies from 10 to 40%. Enterobacteria can even be found in up to 90% of semen samples depending on the sensitivity of detection methods used. Chlamydia trachomatis is the most frequent sexually transmitted bacterial organism in industrialized countries. It is suggested that its main influence is due to sexual transmission resulting in tubal disease and subsequent infertility in the female partner rather than a direct influence on male reproductive functions. The effect of leukocytospermia on male fertility is controversial. This is probably due to different detection methods, different populations studied and to the fact that leukocyte subtypes in semen may have different functions. In addition to potentially negative effects, leukocytes may even have protective effects on spermatozoa. Only recently have amplification methods been established to detect viruses in semen with high sensitivity and specificity. It is unclear if these infections significantly contribute to male infertility. (+info)

NK cells and apoptosis. (8/2922)

Natural killer (NK) cells are a cell of the innate immune system that play an important role in the early response to viral infections and tumours. Natural killer cells are cytolytic, and secrete cytokines that influence the developing antigen-specific immune response. In the present article the NK cell surface molecules regulating effector function, the NK cell effector mechanisms involved in apoptosis, and the role of NK cell effector mechanisms in immune responses are reviewed. (+info)

Main articles: Ebola virus cases in the United States, Ebola virus disease in Spain, and Ebola virus disease in the United ... The four are Bundibugyo virus (BDBV), Sudan virus (SUDV), Taï Forest virus (TAFV) and one simply called Ebola virus (EBOV, ... The fifth virus, Reston virus (RESTV), is not thought to cause disease in humans, but has caused disease in other primates.[38] ... Ebola virus disease at Curlie. *CDC: Ebola hemorrhagic fever - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Special Pathogens ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebola_hemorrhagic_fever

Lassa Virus, Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus, Rift Valley Fever Virus, Dengue Virus, and Yellow Fever Virus by Real-Time ... Martini, G. A. (1971). "Marburg Virus Disease. Clinical Syndrome". In Martini, G. A.; Siegert, R. Marburg Virus Disease. Berlin ... Marburg virus disease outbreaks. Year. Country. Virus. Human cases. Human deaths. Case fatality rate. ... MVD is clinically indistinguishable from Ebola virus disease (EVD), and it can also easily be confused with many other diseases ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marburg_

Sexually transmitted diseases. Human immunodeficiency virus. Main article: Circumcision and HIV. There is strong evidence that ... "Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Archived from the original on 23 January 2014. Retrieved 22 January 2014.. ... "Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 7 February 2008. Archived from the original on 20 February 2017. Retrieved 11 March ... While most infections are asymptomatic and are cleared by the immune system, some types of the virus cause genital warts, and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circumcision

Diseases and pests[edit]. Viruses[edit]. Papaya ringspot virus is a well-known virus within plants in Florida.[5] The first ... The papaya mosaic virus destroys the plant until only a small tuft of leaves are left. The virus affects both the leaves of the ... Carica papaya was the first transgenic fruit tree to have its genome sequenced.[14] In response to the papaya ringspot virus ( ... The virus can infect the fruit at any stage of its maturity. Fruits as young as 2 weeks old have been spotted with dark-green ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papaya

Related diseases groupings[edit]. Waterborne diseases are diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms that most commonly are ... eds.). Hepatitis Viruses in: Baron's Medical Microbiology (4th ed.). Univ of Texas Medical Branch. ISBN 978-0-9631172-1-2. . ( ... Diseases[edit]. The list below shows the main diseases that can be passed via the fecal-oral route. They are grouped by the ... Neglected tropical diseases also contains many diseases transmitted via the fecal-oral route. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fecal–oral_route

Connection to Lyme Disease[edit]. It has also been found to be a competent reservoir for the Lyme disease-causing spirochete, ... Monongahela virus. References[edit]. *^ a b Linzey, A.V.; Matson, J. & Timm, R. (2008). "Peromyscus leucopus". IUCN Red List of ... Goodwin BJ, Ostfeld RS & Schauber EM (2001) Spatiotemporal variation in a Lyme disease host and vector: black-legged ticks on ... 1991) Kinetics of Borrelia burgdorferi dissemination and evolution of disease after intradermal inoculation of mice. Am J ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White-footed_mouse

Orf virus. Orf is an exanthemous disease caused by a parapox virus and occurring primarily in sheep and goats. It is also known ... "Orf Virus (Sore Mouth Infection)". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved 15 June 2017.. ... Primarily, orf is a disease of sheep and goats although it has been reported as a natural disease in the following: humans, ... A live virus vaccine (ATCvet code: QI04AD01 (WHO)) is made from scab material and usually given to ewes at the age of two ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scabby_mouth

Viral diseases[edit]. Virus. Diseases or conditions. Vaccine(s). Brands Hepatitis A virus. Hepatitis A. Hepatitis A vaccine. ... Yellow fever virus. Yellow fever. Yellow fever vaccine. YF-VAX Bacterial diseases[edit]. Bacterium. Diseases or conditions. ... Polio virus. Poliomyelitis. Polio vaccine. Kinrix, Quadracel, Pediarix, Pentacel, Pediacel, Ipol Rabies virus. Rabies. Rabies ... Japanese encephalitis virus. Japanese encephalitis. Japanese encephalitis vaccine. Ixiaro, Jespect, Imojev Measles virus. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_vaccine_topics

"Viral Bcl-2 homologs and their role in virus replication and associated diseases". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - ... "Apoptosis induced by Oropouche virus infection in HeLa cells is dependent on virus protein expression". Virus Research. 149 (1 ... Many viruses encode proteins that can inhibit apoptosis.[103] Several viruses encode viral homologs of Bcl-2. These homologs ... Whilst a number of viruses can block the effects of TNF and Fas. For example, the M-T2 protein of myxoma viruses can bind TNF ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apoptosis

The disease may be diagnosed by finding the virus in the feces or detecting antibodies against it in the blood.[1] The disease ... DNA virus. HBV (B). RNA virus. CBV. HAV (A). HCV (C). HDV (D). HEV (E). HGV (G). ... DNA virus. Human polyomavirus 2 Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. RNA virus. MeV Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis ... Infectious disease caused by poliovirus. "Poliomyelitis" redirects here. For the virus, see Poliovirus. For other uses, see ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poliomyelitis

Chen, X; Anstey, AV; Bugert, JJ (October 2013). "Molluscum contagiosum virus infection". Lancet Infectious Diseases. 13 (10): ... MC is caused by a poxvirus called the molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV).[1] The virus is spread either by direct contact ... Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). male. Epididymitis. Prostatitis. either. Proctitis. Urethritis/Non-gonococcal urethritis ( ... Molluscum contagiosum virus spread by direct contact or contaminated objects[4]. Risk factors. Weak immune system, atopic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molluscum_contagiosum

"Zika Virus Outside Africa". Emerging Infectious Diseases. 15 (9): 1347-1350. doi:10.3201/eid1509.090442. ISSN 1080-6040. PMC ... renamed East African Virus Research Institute in 1950, and then Uganda Virus Research Institute in 1977), established in ... The Zika virus as well as the moths Sidisca zika and Milocera zika are named after the forest. ... "Journal of Global Infectious Diseases. 8 (1): 3-15. doi:10.4103/0974-777X.176140. ISSN 0974-8245. PMC 4785754. PMID 27013839.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zika_Forest

Disease. H1N1 Influenza 09 (Human swine influenza). Virus strain. H1N1. Arrival date. 25 April 2009. ... The ten students tested positive for an influenza A virus,[2][3] with three of them later testing positive for swine flu.[4] ... and approximately 100 deaths a year directly attributed to influenza viruses.[17] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_swine_flu_outbreak_in_New_Zealand

... virus Bohle iridovirus Common midwife toad virus Epizootic haematopoietic necrosis virus European catfish virus Frog virus 3 ... Johnson, A. J.; Pessier, A. P.; Jacobson, E. R. (2007). "Experimental transmission and induction of ranaviral disease in ... Ambystoma tigrinum virus (ATV), Bohle iridovirus (BIV), and frog virus 3). Ranaviruses are large icosahedral DNA viruses ... There are four other genera of viruses within the family Iridoviridae, but Ranavirus is the only one that includes viruses that ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranavirus

"Diseases". [1] ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database: Impatiens necrotic spot virus Family Groups - The Baltimore Method - ... Typically the best way to manage a virus problem is to get rid of any vectors that may carry the disease. This easily can be ... Furthermore, larger distance between plants could help the spread of the disease not allowing the virus to be transmitted ... The INSV virus infects by injecting the RNA the virus contains into the cell which then starts using the cell resources to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impatiens_necrotic_spot_orthotospovirus

Slow Virus Diseases. „Annual Review of Microbiology". 28, s. 231-264, 1974. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.mi.28.100174.001311. ... Gajdusek DC, Gibbs CJ Jr: Slow Infection of the CNS with Unconventional Viruses and Attempts to Demonstrate a Slow-Virus ... Guam disease, Lytico-Bodig disease, Western Pacific amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-parkinsonism/dementia complex) - choroba ... a b Spencer PS, Palmer VS, Herman A, Asmedi A. Cycad use and motor neurone disease in Irian Jaya. „Lancet". 2. 8570, s. 1273- ...

https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stwardnienie_zanikowe_boczne-parkinsonizm/zespół_otępienny

Viral diseases[edit]. Viral diseases. Bean (pea) leaf roll virus Beet western yellows virus ... Diseases[edit]. Below is a list of the most common lentil diseases. ... Pea seed-borne mosaic virus Product[edit]. Processing[edit]. A combination of gravity, screens and air flow is used to clean ... The wild species possess many diverse traits including disease resistances and abiotic stress tolerances. The above-mentioned L ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lentils

Descriptions of the disease date from the 1950s.[1] The virus was first described in 1969 from a case in the town of Lassa, in ... Lujo virus. References[edit]. *^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad "Lassa fever". WHO. March 2016 ... Confirmation is by laboratory testing to detect the virus's RNA, antibodies for the virus, or the virus itself in cell culture. ... In 80% of cases, the disease is asymptomatic, but in the remaining 20%, it takes a complicated course. The virus is estimated ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lassa_fever

James SH, Whitley RJ (2017). "Influenza Viruses". Infectious Diseases. Elsevier. pp. 1465-1471.e1. doi:10.1016/b978-0-7020-6285 ... A team of researchers looked at a group of ten patients with Parkinson's disease and gave them amantadine. Seven of the ten ... Amantadine received approval for the treatment of influenza virus A in adults in 1976. It was first used in West Germany in ... Kumar B, Asha K, Khanna M, Ronsard L, Meseko CA, Sanicas M (April 2018). "The emerging influenza virus threat: status and new ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amantadine

Target disease. Rotaviral enteritis. Type. Attenuated virus. Clinical data. Trade names. Rotarix, RotaTeq, others. ... "Clinical Infectious Diseases. 62 (Suppl 2): S91-S228. doi:10.1093/cid/civ1015. PMID 27059361.. ... "Clinical Infectious Diseases. 59 (9): 1291-1301. doi:10.1093/cid/ciu564. PMID 25048849.. ... The fifth reassortant virus expresses the attachment protein VP4, (type P1A), from the human rotavirus parent strain and the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotavirus_vaccine

Many tick-transmitted viruses, such as Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, Kyasanur Forest disease virus, Alkhumra ... "Lyme Disease Action. Retrieved 24 October 2014.. *^ a b "Tick removal". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved ... "CVBD: Companion Vector-Borne Diseases. Retrieved 8 December 2016.. *^ "Hard ticks". CVBD: Companion Vector-Borne Diseases. ... "Life cycle of Hard Ticks that Spread Disease". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved 22 June 2013.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tick

... human papilloma virus diseases in males". BMC Public Health. 13: 117. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-117. PMC 3642007. PMID 23391351. ... further reduces the number of cases of a disease.[9] The rate of decline in cases depends on a disease's R0, with diseases with ... Estimated R0 and HITs of well-known infectious diseases[51] Disease. Transmission. R0. HIT ... Individuals who are immune to a disease act as a barrier in the spread of disease, slowing or preventing the transmission of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herd_immunity

Dalton, Harry R.; Kamar, Nassim (2016). "Treatment of hepatitis E virus". Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases. 29 (6): 639- ... DNA virus. HBV (B). RNA virus. CBV. HAV (A). HCV (C). HDV (D). HEV (E). HGV (G). ... DNA virus. Human polyomavirus 2 Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. RNA virus. MeV Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis ... Virus lifecycle[edit]. The lifecycle of hepatitis E virus is unknown; the capsid protein obtains viral entry by binding to a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis_E

Main article: List of pea diseases. A variety of diseases affect peas through a number of pathogens, including insects, viruses ... Hagedorn, Donald J. (1974). Virus Diseases of Pea, Pisum sativum. St. Paul, Minnesota: American Phytopathological Society. p. 7 ... bacteria and fungi.[32] In particular, virus disease of peas has worldwide economic importance.[33] ... Hagedorn, D. J. (1976). Handbook of pea diseases (PDF). University of Wisconsin - Extension.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pea

... infectious bursal disease virus, and chicken anemia virus. Avian reoviruses are also typically resistant to certain ... Virus particles can range between 70-80 nm. Morphologically, the virus is a double stranded RNA virus that is composed of ten ... Diseases[edit]. There are several diseases that are caused by avian reovirus, which includes, avian arthritis/tenosynovitis, ... Virus neutralization identifies type-specific antibodies, which allows for differentiation between strains of viruses through ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avian_reovirus

The primary cause of the disease in Canada is Sin Nombre virus-infected deer mice. Between 1989 and 2014, there were a total of ... However, whole virus inactivated bivalent vaccines against Hantaan virus and Seoul virus are available in China and South Korea ... and N proteins of the virus, virus vector vaccines that have recombinant hantavirus proteins inserted in them, and virus-like ... Brocato RL, Hooper JW (2019). "Progress on the Prevention and Treatment of Hantavirus Disease". Viruses. 11 (7): 610. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthohantavirus

In 2005 and 2006, Réunion was hit by a crippling epidemic of chikungunya, a disease spread by mosquitoes. According to the BBC ... "Madagascar hit by mosquito virus". BBC News. 6 March 2006. Retrieved 18 August 2007. "Insee - Code Officiel Géographique". ... "Island disease hits 50,000 people". BBC News. 2 February 2006. Retrieved 18 August 2007. Beesoon, Sanjay; Funkhouser, Ellen; ... The neighbouring islands of Mauritius and Madagascar also suffered epidemics of this disease during the same year. A few cases ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Réunion

West Nile virus, and Rift Valley fever virus. It is also a vector of Zika virus, the causal agent of Zika fever. Walter Reed ... Although this species is a vector for many diseases, because it is mainly found in forests, primates are its main source of ... In addition to being a major vector of yellow fever, Aedes africanus also vectors pathogens such as dengue virus, ... Ross, R.; Gillett, J. (1950). "The cyclical transmission of yellow fever virus through the Grivet monkey, Cercopithecus ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aedes_africanus

"West Nile Virus in Farmed Alligators". Emerging Infectious Diseases. 9 (7): 794-799. doi:10.3201/eid0907.030085. PMC 3023431. ... The disease is transmitted by mosquitoes. WNV has been found in Mexico at a crocodile farm in Ciudad del Carmen. The skin, most ... Crocodilian diseases vary between species. Salmonellosis is common on some farms, and is acquired from infected food; it may ... Unlu, Isik; Kramer, Wayne L.; Roy, Alma F.; Foil, Lane D. (2010). "Detection of West Nile Virus RNA in Mosquitoes and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crocodile_farm

"Ebola virus disease" , *↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 M. P. Kiley, E. T. Bowen, G. A. Eddy, M. Isaäcson, K. M. Johnson, J. B. McCormick, F. A. ... Virus Taxonomy-Sixth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Archives of Virology Supplement. 10. Vienna ... Virus Taxonomy-Seventh Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. San Diego, USA: Academic Press. pp. 539-48 ... Virus Taxonomy-Eighth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. San Diego, USA: Elsevier/Academic Press. pp ...

https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filoviridae

Mucosal-associated invariant T cells in autoimmunity, immune-mediated diseases and airways disease. Immunology. May 2016, 148 ( ... Hepatitis B Virus-Specific CD8+ T Cells Maintain Functional Exhaustion after Antigen Reexposure in an Acute Activation Immune ... Modulation of autoimmune diseases by interleukin (IL)-17 producing regulatory T helper (Th17) cells. The Indian Journal of ... Immunobiology: the immune system in health and disease 5th ed. New York: Garland Pub. 2001. ISBN 978-0-8153-3642-6. OCLC ...

https://zh.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/T细胞

Borna Disease Virus, das Virus der Bornaschen Krankheit, mit Species Mammalian 1 orthobornavirus (Typus) u. a. ... Usutu-Virus - en. Usutu virus (USUV), Zika-Virus - en. Zika virus (ZIKV), sowie Gelbfieber-Virus - en. Yellow fever virus (YFV) ... Genus ‚Negevirus', mit Species ‚Blackford virus', ‚Bofa virus', ‚Buckhurst virus', ‚Marsac virus', sowie ‚Muthill virus'[53] ... Sorghum mosaic virus (SrMV), Lily-Mottle-Virus - en. Lily mottle virus (LMoV), sowie Sellerie-Virus Y - en. Apium virus Y (ApVY ...

https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus-Taxonomie

... and decreased noticeable symptoms from infectious diseases that were the result of a weakened immune system from the virus. ... Viral resistance to the drug leads to the drug becoming useless since the virus evolves to have cells that are able to resist ... It is normally used as one of the three drugs in a triple-combination therapy for the HIV virus.[1] ... Consequently, HIV viruses cannot reproduce, causing a decrease in the viral load. Commercially sold indinavir is indinavir ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indinavir

Pests and diseases[edit]. The sweet pea plant does suffer from some pests, the most common being aphids. These insects suck the ... Mosaic virus is spread by greenfly, causing yellowing of leaves, distortion of new shoots, and inhibited flowering. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lathyrus_odoratus

Main articles: Ebola virus cases in the United States, Ebola virus disease in Spain, and Ebola virus disease in the United ... "Ebola Virus Disease". SRHD. Retrieved 15 September 2020.. *^ a b c d "Q&A on Transmission, Ebola". Centers for Disease Control ... "Ebola virus disease Information for Clinicians in U.S. Healthcare Settings , For Clinicians , Ebola (Ebola Virus Disease) , ... The four are Bundibugyo virus (BDBV), Sudan virus (SUDV), Taï Forest virus (TAFV) and one simply called Ebola virus (EBOV, ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebola_virus_disease

Diseases and parasitesEdit. The black wildebeest is particularly susceptible to anthrax, and rare and widely scattered ... The virus is transmitted from mother to calf during the gestation period or soon after birth.[23] ... Like the blue wildebeest, the black wildebeest seems to act as a reservoir for the virus and all animals are carriers, being ... Wild individuals can be competitors of commercial livestock, and can transmit fatal diseases such as rinderpest, and cause ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_wildebeest

Herpes simplex virus-associated diseases. Hidden categories: *Infobox medical condition (new). *All articles with unsourced ... List of systemic diseases with ocular manifestations. References[edit]. *^ a b c Matejcek, A; Goldman, RD (November 2013). " ... Many different bacteria and viruses can cause conjunctivitis in the neonate. The two most common causes are N. gonorrheae and ... Other agents causing ophthalmia neonatorum include Herpes simplex virus (HSV 2), Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neonatal_conjunctivitis

PML is caused by activation of JC virus, a common virus in the brain which is usually latent. Reactivation of the JC virus ... and IgG4-related disease.[27] There is some evidence that it is ineffective in treating IgA-mediated autoimmune diseases.[28] ... Autoimmune diseases[edit]. Rituximab has been shown to be an effective rheumatoid arthritis treatment in three randomised ... Bosch, Xavier; Ramos-Casals, Manuel; Khamashta, Munther A. (2013). Drugs Targeting B-Cells in Autoimmune Diseases. Springer ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rituximab

It is often described as being "a disease of the diseased", occurring in the very young, the very old, or the very sick. ... The global human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) pandemic has been an important factor in ... Candidiasis can be a marker for underlying disease, so the overall prognosis may also be dependent upon this. For example, a ... 2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier. p. 308. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0. OCLC ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_candidiasis

SP concentrations cannot yet be used to diagnose disease clinically or gauge disease severity. It is not yet known whether ... "Neural mechanisms of respiratory syncytial virus-induced inflammation and prevention of respiratory syncytial virus sequelae". ... Microbial Toxins and Diarrhoeal Disease. Ciba Found. Symp. 112. pp. 139-54. doi:10.1002/9780470720936.ch8. PMID 2861068.. ... Quantification in diseaseEdit. Elevation of serum, plasma, or tissue SP and/or its receptor (NK1R) has been associated with ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substance_P

Graft-versus-host disease[edit]. Main article: Graft-versus-host disease. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is an inflammatory ... the virus was once again detected in both patients some time after the discontinuation of therapy.[64] ... Veno-occlusive disease[edit]. Severe liver injury can result from hepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD). Elevated levels of ... Major complications are veno-occlusive disease, mucositis, infections (sepsis), graft-versus-host disease and the development ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_Marrow_Transplant

2008). "Newly identified loci that influence lipid concentrations and risk of coronary artery disease". Nat. Genet. 40 (2): 161 ... "Large-scale candidate gene analysis of spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C virus". J. Infect. Dis. 201 (9): 1371-80. doi ... "Integrated associations of genotypes with multiple blood biomarkers linked to coronary heart disease risk". Hum. Mol. Genet ... "APOE/C1/C4/C2 gene cluster genotypes, haplotypes and lipid levels in prospective Coronary Heart Disease Risk among UK healthy ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apolipoprotein_C4

PML is caused by activation of JC virus, a common virus in the brain which is usually latent. Reactivation of the JC virus ... and IgG4-related disease.[27] There is some evidence that it is ineffective in treating IgA-mediated autoimmune diseases.[28] ... "Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 62 (90002): 55ii-59. doi:10.1136/ard.62.suppl_2.ii55. PMC 1766758. PMID 14532151.. ... Autoimmune diseasesEdit. Rituximab has been shown to be an effective rheumatoid arthritis treatment in three randomised ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rituximab

listen)) is the science and practice of the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease.[4][5] The word "medicine" is ... Microbiology is the study of microorganisms, including protozoa, bacteria, fungi, and viruses. ... Preventive medicine is the branch of medicine concerned with preventing disease. *Community health or public health is an ... Pathology as a medical specialty is the branch of medicine that deals with the study of diseases and the morphologic, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical

... anthrax and respiratory syncytial virus.[41] Korean scientists are looking at using the tomato to express a vaccine against ... Alzheimer's disease.[42] Hilary Koprowski, who was involved in the development of the polio vaccine, led a group of researchers ... "Transgenic tomatoes expressing human beta-amyloid for use as a vaccine against Alzheimer's disease". Biotechnology letters. 30 ... of a synthesized gene encoding cationic peptide cecropin B in transgenic tomato plants protects against bacterial diseases". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_tomato

1992)[156] (incompetent host for B. burgdorferi and TBE virus) but it is important for feeding the ticks,[157] as red deer and ... "Lyme disease rashes and look-alikes". Lyme Disease. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 21 December 2018. Archived from ... "Lyme Disease Data and surveillance". Lyme Disease. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 5 February 2019. Archived from ... Treatment regimens for Lyme disease range from 14 days in early localized disease, to 14-21 days in early disseminated disease ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyme_disease

Some disease like coeliac disease primarily associate with certain genes. While other diseases, like type 1 diabetes may have ... Type 1 diabetes has a risk associated with coxsackie 4B virus, there is a potential for involvement of class I loci, ... DQ2 are believed to also contribute to autoimmune disease.[3] Also a dozen inflammatory diseases of the immune system can ... "Celiac disease autoantibodies in severe autoimmune liver disease and the effect of liver transplantation". Liver Int. 28 (4): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HLA_A1-B8-DR3-DQ2

Vesicular stomatitis virusEdit. See also: Oncolytic virus. In 2000, researchers used the vesicular stomatitis virus, or VSV, to ... Hourigan CS (2006). "The molecular basis of coeliac disease". Clin Exp Med (Review). 6 (2): 53-59. doi:10.1007/s10238-006-0095- ... Neurofibromatosis, exposure to vinyl chloride, Epstein-Barr virus, ionizing radiation[1][2][3]. ... GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence, Collaborators. (8 October 2016). "Global, regional, and national ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_tumors

Today, bone marrow transplantation still offers the only cure for sickle cell disease. Members of Kappa Alpha Psi reach out to ... was co-recipient of the 1996 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for work related to how the immune system kills virus- ... Since that time, members across the country have joined in the fight against pediatric cancer, sickle cell disease, and other ... Jude is the first known hospital in the world to cure sickle cell disease through bone marrow transplantation. ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Jude_Children’s_Research_Hospital

"There is not enough evidence satisfactorily to identify the disease or diseases", concluded J. F. Gilliam in his summary (1961 ... "Origin of measles virus: divergence from rinderpest virus between the 11th and 12th centuries.", Virol. J., 7 (52). ... As the disease swept north to the Rhine, it also infected Germanic and Gallic peoples outside the empire's borders. For years, ... Rats, Lice and History: A Chronicle of Disease, Plagues, and Pestilence (1935). Reprinted by Black Dog & Leventhal Publishers, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonine_Plague

ref name="NelsonWilliams2007",{{citation,author1=Kenrad E. Nelson,author2=Carolyn Masters Williams,title=Infectious Disease ... Shpesh më shumë se një virus është i pranishëm. ,ref,Eccles p. 107,/ref, Në total, më shumë se 200 lloje virale shoqërohen me ... Open Forum Infect Diseases,language=en,volume=4,issue=2,pages=ofx059,doi=10.1093/ofid/ofx059,pmc=5410113,pmid=28480298,quote= ... drug and disease management,year=2006,publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins,location=Philadelphia, Pa. [u.a.],isbn=978-0-7817 ...

https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speciale:MobileDiff/2102939

These pollutants can cause gastrointestinal cancers and greater vulnerability to infectious diseases.[102] They can also be ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whale

Dual disease resistance in a selectively bred eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, strain tested in Chesapeake Bay. ... Selective breeding of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) for growth and resistance to Taura syndrome Virus. ... 2009). Breeding for disease resistance of Penaeid shrimps. Aquaculture 286: 1 - 11. ... juveniles of a selected line of Penaeus stylirostris are resistant to infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus ...

https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pembiakbakaan_terpilih

... "first severe new disease of the 21st century." She observed that the two new diseases WHO is dealing with in 2013 are the novel ... Chan declared at the assembly that intellectual property, or patents on strains of new virus, should not impede nations from ... Enhanced global actions for the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases, endorsed in 2011[8] ... then published more details including the virus's genetic makeup and closest relatives.[18][19] The Erasmus Medical Center " ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Assembly

The virus exits the host cell by nuclear envelope breakdown. Ruminants serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are ... There are currently six species in this genus including the type species Deltapapillomavirus 1. Diseases associated with this ... Deltapapillomavirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Papillomaviridae. Ruminants serve as natural hosts. ... "Virus Taxonomy: 2014 Release". Retrieved 15 June 2015. Viralzone: Deltapapillomavirus ICTV. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deltapapillomavirus

እንግሊዝን የ፲፮ ቢሊዮን ዶላር ያካሰረውን የላም ጉንፋን ወረርሽኝ (Foot-and-mouth-disease) ከኣስቆሙትና ከኣጠፉት ኣንዱ በመሆናቸው ዶክተሩ [371] ሁለት የጀግንነት ሽልማት ከዩናይትድ ... Human Immunodeficiency Virus)ን ክትባት እንደማይከላከለው በጊዜው ከሚያውቁት ሳይንቲስቶችና የበሽታ መከላከያ ክትባት ሠሪዎች ኣንዱ በመሆናቸው በሽታው ኢትዮጵያ ውስጥ ሊያስከትል ከሚችለው ...

https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/ኣበራ_ሞላ

"Pests and Diseases". Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on 1 February 2019. Retrieved 15 February 2019.. ... are commonly used in biomedical research for the purpose of recombinant protein expression using insect-specific viruses called ... Parasites and disease[edit]. Fifty-three different parasite species have been discovered in fall armyworm larvae, spanning ten ... "Southern and Eastern African countries agree on urgent actions to tackle armyworm and other crop pests and animal diseases". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fall_armyworm

... is a rare and deadly disease in people and nonhuman primates. The viruses that cause EVD are located mainly in sub-Saharan ... or a sick or dead person infected with Ebola virus. ... What is Ebola Virus Disease?. *History of Ebola Virus Disease ... Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) is a rare and deadly disease in people and nonhuman primates. The viruses that cause EVD are located ... Ebola Virus Disease Distribution Map: Cases of Ebola Virus Disease in Africa Since 1976 ...

https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/

Practicing good hand hygiene is an effective method in preventing the spread of dangerous germs, like the Ebola virus. ... When living in or traveling to a region where Ebola virus is widespread, there are a number of ways to protect yourself and ... History of Ebola Virus Diseaseplus icon *History of Ebola Outbreaks. *Ebola Virus Disease Distribution Map: Cases of Ebola ... Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a very rare disease caused by infection with Zaire ebolavirus, one of four types of the virus that ...

https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/prevention/

Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative diseases (also termed EBV-associated lymphoproliferative diseases or EBV+ LPD ... Diagnosis of the diseases requires evidence of HHV8 virus involvement by detecting the HHV8 viral protein, LANA-1, in the ... Refractory or recurrent disease has been treated with the CHOP (± rituximab) with only limited success. Human herpes virus 8 ( ... The disease develops as a complication or progression of either Epstein-Barr virus-positive infectious mononucleosis (EPV+ IM) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epstein%E2%80%93Barr_virus-associated_lymphoproliferative_diseases

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebola_hemorrhagic_fever

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marburg_

Lassa Virus, Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus, Rift Valley Fever Virus, Dengue Virus, and Yellow Fever Virus by Real-Time ... Martini, G. A. (1971). "Marburg Virus Disease. Clinical Syndrome". In Martini, G. A.; Siegert, R. (eds.). Marburg Virus Disease ... List of other Filoviridae outbreaks "Ebola Virus Disease & Marburg Virus Disease - Chapter 3 - 2018 Yellow Book , Travelers ... MVD is clinically indistinguishable from Ebola virus disease (EVD), and it can also easily be confused with many other diseases ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marburg_virus_disease

California serogroup virus diseases 2015. Current. Chikungunya virus disease(https://wwwn.cdc.gov/nndss/conditions/chikungunya- ... Eastern equine encephalitis virus disease(https://wwwn.cdc.gov/nndss/conditions/eastern-equine-encephalitis-virus-disease/) ... Western equine encephalitis virus disease(https://wwwn.cdc.gov/nndss/conditions/western-equine-encephalitis-virus-disease/) ... Louis encephalitis virus disease(https://wwwn.cdc.gov/nndss/conditions/st-louis-encephalitis-virus-disease/) ...

https://wwwn.cdc.gov/nndss/conditions/california-serogroup-virus-diseases/

... are at the root of diseases such as scrapie, BSE and vCJD, according to new research ... It may be that viruses, and not mutant prions, ... Virus in the frame for prion diseases. Health 12 February 2007 ... Viruses, not prions, may be at the root of diseases such as scrapie, BSE and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD), ... The widely accepted theory of what causes infectious prion diseases - such as vCJD, scrapie and "mad cow disease" - is that ...

https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn11168-virus-in-the-frame-for-prion-diseases/

High dose vitamin C can cure Ebola virus disease? Not so fast.... ... was the latest Ebola virus disease outbreak in Africa, the largest in history thus far. Indeed, as horrific as this outbreak is ... of a 30C homeopathic dilution is small when they proposed that homeopathy could be used ot treat Ebola virus disease. There are ... Is Air Pollution The Next Pandemic? How Air Quality Increases Deaths From Cardiovascular Disease ...

https://scienceblogs.com/tag/ebola-virus-disease

Ebola Virus Disease (EVD). Information for Airports & Airlines. Information for Airlines. Interim Guidance for Ebola Virus ... Ebola Virus Disease (EVD). *Current: Ebola Virus Disease (EVD). ... West Nile Virus Surveillance and Mosquito Control *Mosquito ...

http://www.in.gov/isdh/26569.htm

Powassan virus disease 2005. Current. St. Louis encephalitis virus disease(https://wwwn.cdc.gov/nndss/conditions/st-louis- ... encephalitis-virus-disease/) 2005. Current. West Nile virus disease(https://wwwn.cdc.gov/nndss/conditions/west-nile-virus- ... Eastern equine encephalitis virus disease(https://wwwn.cdc.gov/nndss/conditions/eastern-equine-encephalitis-virus-disease/) ... Western equine encephalitis virus disease(https://wwwn.cdc.gov/nndss/conditions/western-equine-encephalitis-virus-disease/) ...

https://wwwn.cdc.gov/nndss/conditions/powassan-virus-disease/

Current: Ebola Virus Disease (EVD). Ebola Virus Disease (EVD). Information for Ambulatory Care Settings. Outpatient Clinic ...

http://in.gov/isdh/26562.htm

... the total number of suspected and confirmed cases in the on-going Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak in Guinea has increased to ... 30 March 2014 - As of 28 March, the total number of suspected and confirmed cases in the on-going Ebola virus disease (EVD) ... Ebola virus disease. Fact sheet * Previous outbreak news on Ebola virus disease ...

http://www.who.int/csr/don/2014_03_30_ebola/en/

Ebola virus disease, West Africa - update. Disease Outbreak News 18 June 2014 ... the necessary technical expertise to the Ministries of Health to stop community and health facility transmission of the virus. ... Ebola virus disease fact sheet * Previous outbreak news on Ebola virus disease ...

http://www.who.int/csr/don/2014_06_18_ebola/en/

Scientists want to know if the virus could interact with other factors, such as mutated genes, to trigger the disease. Motor ... A common virus that lives in the gut has been found in the spinal cords of people with motor neurone disease. ... neurone disease destroys nerve cells, and kills around 5000 people a year in … ... the disease more vulnerable. In these people the virus seems to be able to replicate in nerve cells. in a restricted manner, ...

https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg14219301-300-virus-clue-to-killer-disease/

... food crops are grown in the tropics and the majority of them are affected with one or another virus or viroid diseases. Plant ... virus and sub-viral agents are one of ... Even though there are number of virus and virus-like disease ... viruses and virus-like diseases in plants and vectors play a critical role in plant virus epidemiology and in turn plant virus ... assessment of yield loss plant virus diagnostics plant virus disease management Authors and affiliations. *K. Subramanya Sastry ...

https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-94-007-7820-7

1. Systemic Autoimmune Diseases. Systemic autoimmune diseases (SADs), also called rheumatic connective tissue diseases, include ... Epstein-Barr Virus in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases. Anette Holck Draborg, Karen Duus, and Gunnar Houen ... Figure 1: Epstein-Barr virus structure and infection of cells. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is comprised of a dsDNA genome inside ... Systemic autoimmune diseases (SADs) are a group of connective tissue diseases with diverse, yet overlapping, symptoms and ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jir/2013/535738/

Virus Sections. Virus Name/Prototype. Original Source. Method of Isolation. Virus Properties. Antigenic Relationship. Biologic ... Human Disease. Geographic Distribution. References. Remarks. References. History. Information Exchange. Abbreviations User ... Click on the PDF icon to the left to view a copy of this virus entry in PDF format. You can get a copy of the PDF viewer by ... Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 1600 Clifton Rd. Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. 800-CDC-INFO (800-232-4636). Contact CDC- ...

https://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/VirusDetails.aspx?ID=320&SID=3

Scientists found mice predisposed to diabetes were more likely to develop the disease if exposed to a virus. Diabetes, lupus, ... Researchers believe the body may act correctly to repel an invading virus but then extend its attack to molecules similar to ... avoid certain viruses or bacteria or to be vaccinated against them in order to prevent actual development of autoimmune disease ... multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis are examples of diseases where the bodys immune system mistakenly attacks healthy ...

http://www.redorbit.com/news/health/99749/viruses_may_trigger_autoimmune_diseases/

Purchase Viruses and Human Disease - 1st Edition. E-Book. ISBN 9780080521688 ... Defective Interfering Viruses Satellites and Satellite Viruses Viroids and Virusoids Hepatitis δ. Prions and Prion Diseases ... Overview of Viruses and Virus Infection. Introduction Classification of Viruses An Overview of the Replication Cycle of Viruses ... Interactions of Viruses with Their Hosts Further Reading 9. Gene Therapy. Introduction Virus Vector Systems Use of Viruses as ...

https://www.elsevier.com/books/viruses-and-human-disease/strauss/978-0-08-052168-8

Ebola is a severe and often deadly disease caused by a virus. Symptoms include fever, diarrhea, vomiting, bleeding, and often, ... Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website. Ebola (Ebola Virus Disease). www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola. Updated November 5, ... A vaccine (Ervebo) is available to prevent Ebola virus disease in people who live in the most at-risk countries. If you plan to ... Ebola virus disease. www.who.int/health-topics/ebola. Updated November 2019. Accessed November 15, 2019. ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001339.htm

Zika is a virus passed to humans by the bite of infected mosquitoes. Symptoms include fever, joint pain, rash, and red eyes ( ... Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website. Zika virus for health care providers: clinical evaluation & disease. www. ... The virus can be spread through sex.. *People with Zika can spread the disease to their sex partners before symptoms begin, ... Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website. Zika virus: symptoms, testing, & treatment. www.cdc.gov/zika/symptoms/index ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007666.htm

... may contribute to the development of Alzheimers disease, a new study of the brains of older adults suggests. ... Contracting a common virus called cytomegalovirus (CMV) may contribute to the development of Alzheimers disease, a new study ... The herpes simplex virus (HSV1), another virus that can infect the brain and spinal cord, has also been linked with Alzheimers ... The virus may infect the brain and spinal cord, and has been shown to increase inflammation. This inflammation, which can occur ...

https://www.yahoo.com/news/common-virus-linked-alzheimers-disease-study-suggests-135902561.html?soc_src=mediacontentsharebuttons&ref=gs

... and the University of Haifa are engineering a new antiviral agent against viruses such as polio. ... Exploring New Research to Combat Disease-Causing Viruses According to the US Center for Disease Control, the number of ... When co-occurring with their parent, disease-causing viruses, DIPs act as parasites by stealing the very essential elements ... The research collaboration will focus on poliovirus, the virus responsible for poliomyelitis, a highly infectious disease that ...

https://www.ibm.com/blogs/research/2018/08/combat-viruses/

1978)‎. VIRUS DISEASES SURVEILLANCE = SURVEILLANCE DES MALADIES À VIRUS. Weekly Epidemiological Record = Relevé épidémiologique ... ebola and marburg virus diseases)‎ World Health Organization (‎CDS/80.1, 1980)‎ ... WHO informal consultation on surveillance of respiratory syncytial virus on the WHO Global Influenza Surveillance and Response ... System (‎GISRS)‎ platform, 25-27 March 2015, Geneva, Switzerland = Surveillance du virus respiratoire syncytial par le biais du ...

http://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/222203

1978)‎. VIRUS DISEASES SURVEILLANCE = SURVEILLANCE DES MALADIES À VIRUS. Weekly Epidemiological Record = Relevé épidémiologique ... Respiratory syncytial virus [‎RSV]‎ is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in young infants, little was known on its ... WHO informal consultation on surveillance of respiratory syncytial virus on the WHO Global Influenza Surveillance and Response ... Circulation of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Morocco during 2014-2016: Findings from a sentinel-based virological surveillance ...

http://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/222098

Marburg-virus disease in Kenya.. Smith DH, Johnson BK, Isaacson M, Swanapoel R, Johnson KM, Killey M, Bagshawe A, Siongok T, ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6122054?dopt=Abstract

A better understanding of the Zika virus disease incubation period could have important implications for identifying local ... red indicates persons with confirmed Zika virus disease; blue indicates all persons with Zika virus diseases; pink indicates ... red indicates persons with confirmed Zika virus disease; blue indicates all persons with Zika virus diseases; pink indicates ... A confirmed case of Zika virus disease was illness in a symptomatic person with a sample that was either Zika virus RNA ...

https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/881140_2

A better understanding of the Zika virus disease incubation period could have important implications for identifying local ... Information about the Zika virus disease incubation period can help identify risk periods and local virus transmission. In 2015 ... 10 and Zika virus titer ≥4-fold higher than dengue virus titer.. †Persons who traveled ,2 weeks, experienced Zika virus-like ... In May 2015, Zika virus disease cases were identified in Brazil, representing the first local transmission in the Americas.[4] ...

https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/881140_1

The epidemiology of plant virus diseases concernsthe cyclical development of virus diseases within plant populations in time ... The epidemiology of plant virus diseases concerns the cyclical development of virus diseases within plant populations in time ... Plant viruses are a concern for agriculture as virus diseases can cause qualitative and/or quantitative losses of yield. ... Thresh JM (1988) Eradication as a virus disease control measure. In: Clifford BC and Lester E (eds) Control of Plant Diseases: ...

http://www.els.net/WileyCDA/ElsArticle/refId-a0000759.html

Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) is a rare and deadly disease in people and nonhuman primates. (cdc.gov)
People can get EVD through direct contact with an infected animal (bat or nonhuman primate) or a sick or dead person infected with Ebola virus. (cdc.gov)
This mobile app estimates when a person with Ebola was exposed to the virus. (cdc.gov)
CDC in collaboration with the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory designed the app for field staff with variable levels of education and knowledge of the natural disease progression of Ebola. (cdc.gov)
Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a very rare disease caused by infection with Zaire ebolavirus , one of four types of the virus that is known to cause illness in people. (cdc.gov)
In the areas of sub-Saharan Africa where EVD is most common, Ebola virus is believed to spread at low rates among certain animal populations. (cdc.gov)
in one case, a patient with Ebola went on to spread the virus to two nurses who cared for him. (cdc.gov)
When living in or traveling to a region where Ebola virus is potentially present, there are a number of ways to protect yourself and prevent the spread of EVD. (cdc.gov)
Two nurses standing near Mayinga N'Seka , a nurse with Ebola virus disease in the 1976 outbreak in Zaire . (wikipedia.org)
Ebola virus disease ( EVD ), also known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever ( EHF ) or simply Ebola , is a viral hemorrhagic fever of humans and other primates caused by ebolaviruses . (wikipedia.org)
The disease was first identified in 1976 in two simultaneous outbreaks: one in Nzara (a town in South Sudan ) and the other in Yambuku ( Democratic Republic of the Congo ), a village near the Ebola River from which the disease takes its name. (wikipedia.org)
[1] MVD is a viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF), and the clinical symptoms are indistinguishable from Ebola virus disease (EVD). (wikipedia.org)
Contrary to Ebola virus disease (EVD) , which has been associated with heavy rains after long periods of dry weather, [18] [21] triggering factors for spillover of marburgviruses into the human population have not yet been described. (wikipedia.org)
High dose vitamin C can cure Ebola virus disease? (scienceblogs.com)
Before I got sidetracked with a certain topic that's consumed the blog, another topic that had popped up (albeit nowhere near as frequently) was the latest Ebola virus disease outbreak in Africa, the largest in history thus far. (scienceblogs.com)
Indeed, as horrific as this outbreak is and as terrible a disease as Ebola is, with close to a 60% mortality even with the best treatment, it did produce one amusing bit of clownishness, and that's that it revealed that there really is something too quacky even for Mike Adams of NaturalNews.com to tolerate. (scienceblogs.com)
Homeopathy for Ebola virus disease: Too quacky even for Mike Adams! (scienceblogs.com)
I'm referring to practitioners of The One Quackery To Rule Them All, homeopathy, demonstrating a sense delusion that was as massive as the concentration of a 30C homeopathic dilution is small when they proposed that homeopathy could be used ot treat Ebola virus disease. (scienceblogs.com)
1 April 2014 - In this update and subsequent ones, the terminology Ebola haemorrhagic fever will be replaced by Ebola virus disease (EVD) in line with the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). (who.int)
Therefore, this report provides an update on Ebola virus disease (EVD) in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone. (who.int)
Ebola is a severe and often deadly disease caused by a virus. (medlineplus.gov)
Two were imported cases, and two contracted the disease after caring for an Ebola patient in the United States. (medlineplus.gov)
There is NO evidence that the virus that causes Ebola is spread through the air or water. (medlineplus.gov)
A person who has Ebola CANNOT spread the disease until symptoms appear. (medlineplus.gov)
A person who does not have symptoms 21 days after being exposed to Ebola will not develop the disease. (medlineplus.gov)
People who survive Ebola are immune from the virus for 10 years or more. (medlineplus.gov)
However, men who survive can carry the Ebola virus in their sperm for as long as 3 to 9 months. (medlineplus.gov)
Ebola Virus Disease, Western Africa, is a public health calamity which has not finished, is not in the past tense, it remains a serious threat which may be down but is certainly not out. (pravda.ru)
In the words of Dr. Margaret Chan, ""The Ebola outbreak in West Africa shocked the world out of its complacency about the infectious disease threat. (pravda.ru)
However, the indifference with which the international community received the news of the outbreak - the "first cases" are dated March 2014 in most outlets, three months after it appeared in the Republic of Guinea - and the indifference with which the story has virtually disappeared into the depths of the interior of newspapers with a short paragraph at most is a victory for Ebola Virus Disease. (pravda.ru)
Ebola disease is caused by the Ebola virus and is one of a number of hemorrhagic fever diseases. (csbsju.edu)
Ebola disease causes severe illness in which 50-90 percent of those infected die. (csbsju.edu)
A new Ebola virus species has been discovered in bats in Sierra Leone, and has the potential to infect human cells - although it has not yet been detected in sick humans. (health24.com)
Trying to understanding the role sex plays in 'otherwise healthy survivors' has now been added to scientists, researchers and doctors load as they continue to battle the second largest Ebola disease outbreak in history. (health24.com)
A mutated form of the Ebola virus was safe for researchers to work with. (health24.com)
How the deadly Ebola virus attacks the body. (health24.com)
Contrary to Ebola virus disease (EVD), which has been associated with heavy rains after long periods of dry weather, triggering factors for spillover of marburgviruses into the human population have not yet been described. (wikipedia.org)
The Centre for Health Protection (CHP) of the Department of Health (DH) today (October 4) received notification of a suspected case of Ebola virus disease (EVD) in which the patient's blood specimen preliminarily tested negative for Ebola virus. (gov.hk)
Her blood specimen was negative for Ebola virus upon laboratory testing. (gov.hk)
The WHO's EVD page ( www.who.int/csr/don/archive/disease/ebola/en/ ). (gov.hk)
Ebola is a very contagious disease with a high mortality rate. (nvic.org)
ZMapp, an experimental therapeutic drug developed by Mapp Biopharmaceutical Inc., is designed to treat people infected with Ebola virus and is not designed to prevent infection. (nvic.org)
Ebola is a very contagious disease in non-human primates (monkeys, gorillas, and chimpanzees) and humans with a high mortality rate. (nvic.org)
Some of the symptoms associated with Marburg Virus Disease can be misdiagnosed for Ebola Virus Disease and other infections such as Malaria and Typhoid Fever . (iamat.org)
Ebola and Marburg Virus Infections. (iamat.org)
Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) is a highly contagious infection caused by one of five virus species belonging to the Filoviridae family believed to be carried by fruit bats. (iamat.org)
Ebola Virus Disease typically occurs in west and central Africa. (iamat.org)
Ebola Virus Disease can be misdiagnosed with hemorrhagic illnesses such as Marburg Virus Disease or Lassa Fever , and initial symptoms can be misdiagnosed as Malaria or Typhoid Fever . (iamat.org)
Last 24 May 2015 marked one year since the first case of the Ebola virus disease was reported in the country. (fao.org)
The residents in the rural communities acknowledged that the Ebola preventive and control messages by agriculture extension staff greatly helped them to gain awareness and stop the spread of the virus. (fao.org)
In an outdoor meeting held in Kpondu Village, where the first Ebola disease case was reported in Sierra Leone , Thomas Fayia, the Deputy Headman of the village told the FAO team that the messages communicated by the social agents during frequent visits helped them to gain a quicker understanding about the disease. (fao.org)
The Ministry of Health and the World Health Organization (WHO) have confirmed a case of Ebola Virus Disease in Uganda. (freerepublic.com)
Ebola virus disease is a severe illness that is spread through contact with the body fluids of a person sick with the disease (fluids such as vomit, feces or blood). (freerepublic.com)
First symptoms are similar to other diseases and thus require vigilant health and community workers, especially in areas where there is Ebola transmission, to help make diagnosis. (freerepublic.com)
The Ministry of Health has taken the following actions to contain spread of the disease in the country: The District administration and local councils in the affected area have been directed to ensure that any person with Ebola signs and symptoms in the community is reported to the health workers immediately and provided with advice and testing. (freerepublic.com)
Ebola hemorrhagic fever (HF) is an often-fatal disease that causes fever , headache , vomiting , diarrhea , sore throat , stomach pain , rash , and red eyes. (medicinenet.com)
Learn about the Ebola virus outbreak symptoms, treatment and transmission. (medicinenet.com)
How is the Ebola virus spread? (medicinenet.com)
If you or someone you know has had the Ebola virus, where did you (they) contract it? (medicinenet.com)
What steps have you taken to prevent infection with Ebola virus disease? (medicinenet.com)
The Ebola virus disease (EVD) epidemic that has stricken thousands of people in the three West African countries of Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Guinea highlights the lack of adaptive capacity in post-conflict countries. (usda.gov)
The Wisconsin Department of Health Services (DHS) is committed to ensuring that the public, our health care partners and local health departments are prepared in the event that a patient with the Ebola virus seeks care in Wisconsin. (wisconsin.gov)
The Ebola virus disease (EVD) causes hemorrhagic fever, a severe illness marked by fever, bleeding (hemorrhagic), organ failure and death in 50 to 90 percent of those infected. (wisconsin.gov)
What is the current status of Ebola virus in Wisconsin? (wisconsin.gov)
No one has contracted Ebola disease in Wisconsin. (wisconsin.gov)
Symptoms of Ebola most commonly start 8-10 days after coming into contact with Ebola virus but can occur as early as 2 days to up to 21 days after exposure. (wisconsin.gov)
Ebola is a serious disease with a high fatality rate. (wisconsin.gov)
The CDC and World Health Organization (WHO) monitor international infectious diseases and have staff working in countries with Ebola to help control the spread of disease. (wisconsin.gov)
Yes, if a person has antibodies from a past Ebola infection, they would be protected from getting the same strain of Ebola virus again. (wisconsin.gov)
Does Ebola virus stay in the body after a patient has recovered? (wisconsin.gov)
Ebola is no longer a tropical disease that occurs only in isolated regions of Africa. (nurse.com)
The goal of this program is to provide nurses with evidence-based information about Ebola virus disease (EVD) to guide detection of cases, prevent transmission of infection, and safely manage patients with the disease. (nurse.com)
Ebola virus disease is a viral hemorrhagic fever, a group of illnesses that includes Lassa fever, Rift Valley fever, Marburg hemorrhagic fever, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever and yellow fever. (jhpiego.org)
Ebola virus disease is caused by the Ebola virus and is endemic to sub-Saharan Africa. (jhpiego.org)
The disease was named after the Ebola River in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), where the first case was recorded in 1976. (jhpiego.org)
These trainings presented the most up-to-date IPC interventions using Jhpiego's learning resource package, Prevention and Control of Ebola Virus Disease in Health Care Facilities with Limited Resources , which was developed through a collaboration with Johns Hopkins Medicine. (jhpiego.org)
The virus is transmitted through direct contact with the blood or body fluids such as blood, saliva, mucus, vomit, urine or faeces of an Ebola Virus Disease infected person (alive or dead). (gov.ky)
Globally, a total of 14,413 of (confirmed, probable and suspected) cases of Ebola Virus Disease have been reported in six affected countries (Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Sierra Leone, Spain and the United States of America) and two previously affected countries (Nigeria and Senegal) up to the end of 11 November. (gov.ky)
The two nurses that contracted Ebola in the USA, along with the doctor in New York, are now disease free. (gov.ky)
During the 2014-2016 epidemic of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD), 28,600 people were infected and 11,300 died. (nursingcenter.com)
According to Claude, Underschultz, and Hawkes (2018) , an Ebola virus outbreak has not previously occurred in a war zone. (nursingcenter.com)
2018). Guidance for screening and caring for pregnant women with Ebola Disease Virus for healthcare providers in U. S. hospitals . (nursingcenter.com)
Ebola virus epidemic in war-torn eastern DR Congo. (nursingcenter.com)
2018). Outbreak of Ebola virus disease in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, April-May 2018: An epidemiological study. (nursingcenter.com)
Ebola virus disease in children: Towards a better clinical picture and improved management. (nursingcenter.com)

Taken together, it appeared that the virus-like particles were responsible for the passing on the infection, and the number of prions present largely irrelevant to disease transmission. (newscientist.com)
In these people the virus seems to be able to replicate in nerve cells in a restricted manner, without being able to cause further infection. (newscientist.com)
To keep up with the constant threat of emerging and re-emerging plant viruses, it is necessary to identify, predict and monitor sources of outbreaks at the worldwide level to minimize small infection proportions from becoming devastating pandemics. (springer.com)
The major environmental risk factors for SAD development are infections, including Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection which is suspected to have a central role in the pathogenesis of SADs as presented in the later sections of this review. (hindawi.com)
However, more studies are still needed to understand how an active CMV infection might be related to this most common form of dementia, said study researcher Dr. Julie Schneider, of the Rush University Alzheimer's Disease Center in Chicago. (yahoo.com)
The researchers found that 80 percent of the patients who were positive for a CMV infection had high levels of an inflammation marker in their cerebrospinal fluid, while none of the patients who were negative for the virus had this marker present. (yahoo.com)
The study also showed no evidence of a link between higher levels of CMV infection and levels of amyloid-beta - an imperfect marker of Alzheimer's but still the hallmark of the disease that most researchers consider the best indicator. (yahoo.com)
If CMV is, indeed, found to contribute to Alzheimer's disease, vaccines that prevent infection may be the best approach, Schneider said. (yahoo.com)
Estimated distribution of incubation period in days since infection for persons with evidence of recent Zika virus disease. (medscape.com)
B) Estimated distribution of time from infection to symptom onset (incubation period) for 197 persons with evidence of recent Zika virus infection (blue) and with confirmed Zika virus disease (red). (medscape.com)
For our primary analysis, we used all persons with evidence of a recent Zika virus infection (primary case set). (medscape.com)
From January 1, 2015, through June 23, 2016, we identified 337 persons with evidence of recent Zika virus infection. (medscape.com)
In 2015-2016, data from 197 symptomatic travelers with recent Zika virus infection indicated an estimated incubation period of 3-14 days. (medscape.com)
To estimate the incubation period, we used data from symptomatic persons who had traveled to an area with ongoing Zika virus transmission and for whom laboratory evidence indicated recent infection. (medscape.com)
In a recent two-part study, researchers discovered a link between reovirus-a common childhood infection that is usually considered harmless and causes only mild symptoms-and celiac disease in test subjects with an increased genetic risk. (healthcentral.com)
The age of the fish is critical and 1-month-old alevins are the most susceptible target for virus infection ( Kimura et al. (cabi.org)
In addition, plants infected with bean pod mottle virus may be predisposed to seed infection by Phomopsis fungi that also reduce seed quality. (umn.edu)
Infection is also favored by high populations of bean leaf or other beetles that transmit the virus. (umn.edu)
These viruses are related to the viruses that cause West Nile infection and yellow fever. (yahoo.com)
2. Prior infection with a dengue fever virus . (yahoo.com)
Previous infection with a dengue fever virus increases your risk of having seve. (yahoo.com)
But in an the editorial in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease , it is suggested that it is a viral or bacterial infection which triggers the plaque build-up in the first place. (telegraph.co.uk)
During the initial infection, the virus may cause infectious mononucleosis, only minor non-specific symptoms, or no symptoms. (wikipedia.org)
Thanks, CYA There is some evidence that one strain of a virus can reduce the severity of co-infection from another strain. (bio.net)
A couple of good references are:- Chambers & Webster (1991) Protection of chickens from lethal influenza virus infection by influenza A/chicken/Pennsylvania/1/83 virus: characterization of the protective effect. (bio.net)
This document aims to present an algorithm for deciding whom to test and provide guidance on the laboratory tests for Zika virus infection diagnosis in order to support clinical diagnostic and case reporting through surveillance among EU Member States. (europa.eu)
Rubus species are propagated vegetatively and are subject to infection by viruses during development, propagation, and fruit production stages. (apsnet.org)
The symptoms in tomato vary greatly in intensity depending upon the variety, virus strain, time of infection, light intensity, and temperature. (cornell.edu)
Some strains (referred to as the acuba strains) may cause a striking yellow mosaic, whereas other strains may cause leaf malformation and 'fernleafing,' suggestive of cucumber mosaic virus infection. (cornell.edu)
On the fruit the symptoms appear as slightly sunken brown rings ( fig. 2) Double virus streak is the result of a mixed infection of TMV with potato virus X (PVX). (cornell.edu)
Infection by wheat viruses produces symptoms such as foliar chlorosis (mottle, mosaic, streaks and yellowing), necrosis, stunting and rosetting. (fao.org)
This multiple infection makes identification complex, but advances in technology (serology and molecular techniques) have made identification, characterization and classification of viruses easier. (fao.org)
New research illuminates how the measles virus may suppress the immune system after an infection. (kuow.org)
In addition to the illness caused by the virus, a measles infection also takes a wrecking ball to the immune system. (washingtonpost.com)
Using a tool called VirScan that tracks antibodies, they found measles infection wiped out 11 to 73 percent of different antibodies that "remember" past encounters with germs and help the body avoid repeat bouts of influenza, herpes virus, pneumonia and skin infections. (washingtonpost.com)
A retrospective study of 153 hemophiliacs infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) was performed to determine the clinical and immunological consequences of HIV-1 infection and the markers and cofactors associated with these changes. (nih.gov)
Marburg Virus Disease (MVD) is a viral infection caused by the Marburg virus belonging to the Filoviridae family. (iamat.org)
A method for diagnosing hepatitis virus infection or a hepatitis disease condition in a subject based on hepatitis virus-associated biomarkers present on exosomes in a bodily fluid sample from the subject is disclosed. (freepatentsonline.com)
Infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), the cause of infectious mononucleosis, has been associated with subsequent development of systemic lupus erythematosus and other chronic autoimmune illnesses, but the mechanisms behind this association have been unclear. (eurekalert.org)
Previous studies suggested that EBV infection may result in autoimmune diseases, particularly lupus. (eurekalert.org)
These findings suggest that EBV infection in cells can actually drive the activation of these genes and contribute to an individual's risk of developing the disease. (eurekalert.org)
However, now that we understand how EBV infection may contribute to autoimmune diseases in some people, researchers may be able to develop therapies that interrupt or reverse this process. (eurekalert.org)
The study authors pointed out that CMV infection has been linked with other inflammatory conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease and blood vessel diseases. (medicinenet.com)
Human disease caused by West Nile virus infection. (yahoo.com)
West Nile fever is an infection by the West Nile virus , which is typically spread by mosquitoes. (yahoo.com)
All dogs are vaccinated against the canine distemper virus, because the dog morbillivirus can cause very severe disease in dogs with fever, pneumonia, brain infection, immunosuppression and rash," study researcher Kwok-Yung Yuen told LiveScience. (livescience.com)
There is no specific treatment once infection with Powassan virus has occurred. (wbur.org)
Another virus called the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes a respiratory infection called bronchiolitis in infants and toddlers. (livestrong.com)
Furthermore, the examination of the immune response to infection or vaccination with this virus has revealed important information about the function of the porcine immune system, including evidence on the existence of a dichotomy between the humoral and cellular immune response in swine. (nih.gov)
Air pollutants significantly increased the risk of respiratory syncytial virus infection with dosage, lag and cumulative effects. (greenmedinfo.com)
Selenium supplementation may promote recovery from respiratory syncytial virus infection. (greenmedinfo.com)
Vitamin A supplementation may have therapeutic activity in the treatment of measles and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. (greenmedinfo.com)
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a virus that causes a deadly infection in many kinds of birds. (emedicinehealth.com)
The diagnosis and treatment of HTLV-I infection and what is known about the disease associations will be reviewed here. (uptodate.com)

Measles (rubeola) is an infectious disease caused by multiplication of a single-strand ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus of the genus Morbillivirus in the upper respiratory tract and conjunctiva. (cochrane.org)
Measles is an infectious disease caused by the Morbillivirus . (cochrane.org)
The research collaboration will focus on poliovirus, the virus responsible for poliomyelitis , a highly infectious disease that mainly affects children, and 1 in 200 infections leads to irreversible paralysis 3 . (ibm.com)
Her primary research interests are immunology and infectious disease. (medscape.com)
You just viewed M1 Infectious Disease/ Microbiology-... . (merlot.org)
If you know the author of M1 Infectious Disease/ Microbiology- Oncogenic Viruses , please help us out by filling out the form below and clicking Send. (merlot.org)
Infectious disease expert Michael Osterholm, director of the Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy at the University of Minnesota, says it's very likely that the world will never be rid of coronavirus. (cnn.com)
They also point to the fact that a gene mutation - APOEe4 - which makes one in five people more susceptible to Alzheimer's disease, also raises their susceptibility to infectious disease. (telegraph.co.uk)
Viral haemorrhagic fever (including EVD) has been a notifiable infectious disease in Hong Kong since July 2008. (gov.hk)
The two studies "break open and elucidate the pathway of how a child becomes immune-compromised after measles, and it's pretty devastating," said Jennifer Lighter, a pediatric infectious disease physician and epidemiologist who helped lead the measles response at NYU Langone Medical Center and was not involved in either study. (washingtonpost.com)
And the lag in technology is coming at a bad time, Frieden said during an interview - just as a retreat is under way in the great medical advances against infectious disease. (rollcall.com)
Imagine putting together a 10,000-piece jigsaw puzzle with the speed you could normally do a 100-piece puzzle - apply that to infectious disease control and that's AMD at work," says a CDC fact sheet on the technology. (rollcall.com)
We are joined by Dr. Anne Schuchat, principal deputy director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and Dr. Amy Vittor, assistant professor of medicine at the University of Florida's Division of Infectious Disease. (democracynow.org)

[1] Signs and symptoms typically start between two days and three weeks after contracting the virus with a fever , sore throat , muscular pain , and headaches . (wikipedia.org)
The length of time between exposure to the virus and the development of symptoms ( incubation period ) is between 2 and 21 days, [1] [19] and usually between 4 and 10 days. (wikipedia.org)
The most detailed study on the frequency, onset, and duration of MVD clinical signs and symptoms was performed during the 1998-2000 mixed MARV/RAVV disease outbreak. (wikipedia.org)
Systemic autoimmune diseases (SADs) are a group of connective tissue diseases with diverse, yet overlapping, symptoms and autoantibody development. (hindawi.com)
Systemic autoimmune diseases (SADs), also called rheumatic connective tissue diseases, include rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Sjögren's syndrome (SS), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD), systemic scleroderma (SSc), and dermatomyositis/polymyositis (DM/PM). SADs are characterized by overlapping clinical symptoms and characteristic autoantibodies (Table 1 ). (hindawi.com)
The other three recovered and do not have any symptoms of the disease. (medlineplus.gov)
Health care providers will treat the symptoms of the disease. (medlineplus.gov)
People with Zika can spread the disease to their sex partners before symptoms begin, while they have symptoms, or even after symptoms end. (medlineplus.gov)
The virus can also be passed during sex by people with Zika who never develop symptoms. (medlineplus.gov)
Only about 1 in 5 people infected with Zika virus will have symptoms. (medlineplus.gov)
If you have symptoms of Zika and have recently traveled to an area where the virus is present, your health care provider may do a blood test to check for Zika. (medlineplus.gov)
Persons with Zika virus-like symptoms and positive results for Zika virus RNA by real-time reverse transcription PCR or positive results for Zika or dengue virus IgM and Zika virus plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) results ≥10 and Zika virus titer ≥4-fold higher than dengue virus titer. (medscape.com)
The disease, one of whose symptoms is quick decline, has led to the death of millions of citrus trees all over the world. (els.net)
A group of American neurologists working with researchers in Colombia say they detected Zika virus in the body fluids of people suffering symptoms of Guillain-Barre syndrome. (health24.com)
BPMV can interact with the soybean mosaic virus to create severe symptoms in plants infected by both viruses. (umn.edu)
Reports of initial detection and symptoms of more than 30 viruses, virus-like diseases, and phytoplasmas affecting Rubus spp. (apsnet.org)
The goals of this article are to update the knowledge on previously characterized viruses of Rubus , highlight recently described viruses, review the virus-induced symptoms, describe the advances made in their detection, and discuss our knowledge about several virus complexes that cause serious diseases in Rubus . (apsnet.org)
Single streak virus is caused by a strain of TMV that causes the same foliar symptoms as other TMV strains, but under certain environmental conditions the plant develops brown streaks on the stems and petioles. (cornell.edu)
The incubation period from initial exposure to onset of acute disease symptoms is between 2 and 21 days with the average being 6 to 10 days. (nvic.org)
The World Health Organization cites that symptoms of Corona Virus Disease are similar to that of common flu (shortness of breath, cough, runny nose, headache, sore throat, and fever). (philippineairlines.com)
and health workers trained on recognizing symptoms of the disease. (freerepublic.com)
Though West Nile belongs to the same genus that contains the Zika , dengue and yellow fever viruses, most people who are infected develop no symptoms. (yahoo.com)
A dog version of this virus causes distemper, which manifests as vomiting, diarrhea, coughing and deadly neurological symptoms. (livescience.com)
The disease affects various parts of the gastrointestinal system and causes symptoms such as stomach aches, diarrhoea, and weight loss - in severe cases fistulas, or strictures in the intestines. (uu.se)
The present study comprises nine children with advanced Crohn's disease and fifteen children with incipient Crohn's disease symptoms. (uu.se)
However, any person thus exposed to the virus but without symptoms cannot transmit the virus. (gov.ky)
Breastfeeding women having EVD remain positive for the virus more than 60 days after the onset of symptoms. (nursingcenter.com)

and the red line represents only those with confirmed Zika virus disease. (medscape.com)

The two studies used blood samples collected from 77 unvaccinated children in an Orthodox Protestant community in the Netherlands, before and after the children contracted the measles virus during a local outbreak. (kuow.org)
Travellers going to affected areas should refrain from visiting households or healthcare settings that have been affected by a Marburg Virus Disease outbreak. (iamat.org)

The virus may infect the brain and spinal cord, and has been shown to increase inflammation. (yahoo.com)
The herpes simplex virus (HSV1), another virus that can infect the brain and spinal cord, has also been linked with Alzheimer's progression. (yahoo.com)
Weeds and other wild plants play a key role as alternative virus reservoirs and as a source of novel viruses which can potentially infect crops. (els.net)
If you infect an animal with a defective influenza virus for example, that virus can interfere with a virulent strain inoculated into the animal at the same time. (bio.net)
Since the last review on Rubus viruses, significant progress has been made in the molecular characterization of many of the viruses that infect Rubus spp. (apsnet.org)
Currently, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction detection methods are available for most of the viruses known to infect Rubus . (apsnet.org)
1996) reported 55 viruses to which Triticum aestivum is susceptible, and Wiese (1987) described around 30 viruses that naturally infect wheat. (fao.org)
CMV, a herpes virus, is believed to infect roughly half of the U.S. population over the age of 40. (medicinenet.com)
Yuen and his colleagues went looking for this elusive cat morbillivirus, figuring that if viruses in this family could infect dogs and humans, they'd likely show up in cats. (livescience.com)
They focused in particular on the prevalence of enteroviruses, a group of RNA viruses that are known to infect the intestinal mucous lining. (uu.se)
Influenza viruses infect the upper respiratory system and sometimes spreads to the lungs causing pneumonia. (livestrong.com)
Several viruses can infect the central nervous system, which consists of the brain and spinal cord. (livestrong.com)
As explained in Question 1, NDV infects cells and then replicates itself, creating more copies of the virus that can then infect cells throughout the body. (emedicinehealth.com)
Much of the increased viral diversity in participants with inflammatory bowel diseases was in the form of bacteriophages, which are viruses that infect bacteria and can incorporate themselves into the bacteria's genetic material," says Virgin, professor of pathology and head of the department of pathology and immunology. (futurity.org)

On other hand, in an integrated approach, when different ways of virus management measures are combined and used together, there would be effective overall reduction or control of virus and sub-viral diseases. (springer.com)
Our goal is to help extend this idea to other viral species to develop a general strategy, which might be used by public health actors for eradication of all viral diseases. (ibm.com)
Recent threats in global food security are due to newly emerging viral diseases. (els.net)
Some researchers believe that such 'defective interfering particles' (which may not be able to replicate to high levels in the absence of a helper virus) could be a future therapy for some viral diseases. (bio.net)
Unfortunately, effective antiviral medications exist for only a few of the many human viral diseases. (livestrong.com)
Since its description in 1902, Aujeszky's disease (AD) has become one of the most thoroughly examined viral diseases of swine. (nih.gov)
Zika Virus: Are Climate & Ecological Factors Driving Spread of Viral Diseases in the Americas? (democracynow.org)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. (cdc.gov)
Dr. Krow-Lucal is an Epidemic Intelligence Service officer with the Arboviral Diseases Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA. (medscape.com)
More cases of a polio-like disease are affecting children, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (usatoday.com)
Many public health experts see the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as the premier disease detection agency not just for the United States but for the entire planet. (rollcall.com)
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Director Thomas Frieden along with public health and provider groups want to turn that around by investing in a sophisticated technology called "advanced molecular detection" that determines the genetic map of the viruses, bacteria and parasites that cause disease. (rollcall.com)
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that inflammatory bowel diseases affect about 1 million people in the United States. (futurity.org)
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC, 2018 ), childbearing women are more susceptible to EVD than the general population, and are at increased risk of serious illness and death from this disease. (nursingcenter.com)

Marburg virus disease (MVD) is the official name listed in the World Health Organization 's International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10 (ICD-10) for the human disease caused by any of the two marburgviruses Marburg virus (MARV) and Ravn virus (RAVV). (wikipedia.org)
A tremendous response from the international community , which came late, has been effective in detecting cases and tracing back contacts, isolating potential patients and this has reduced the number of cases significantly, to the point where the World Health Organization is talking about defeating the disease totally by the end of 2015. (pravda.ru)
According to the World Health Organization, "Coronaviruses (CoV) are a large family of viruses that cause illnesses ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV). (philippineairlines.com)
The World Health Organization has declared the Zika virus an international public health emergency, saying the virus is "spreading explosively" and that up to 4 million people in the Americas could be infected by the end of this year. (democracynow.org)
Earlier this week, the World Health Organization declared the Zika virus an international public health emergency. (democracynow.org)
The flu virus affects 15 per cent of people worldwide at any given time, and costs the global economy between $71 billion and $167 billion per year, according to the World Health Organization. (uoguelph.ca)

Methods for the detection and identification of viruses and virus-like diseases in plants and vectors play a critical role in plant virus epidemiology and in turn plant virus management. (springer.com)
Plant virus epidemiology provides powerful tools to investigate key factors that contribute to virus epidemics in agricultural crops. (springer.com)
The importance of epidemiology needs to be realized for the management of virus diseases in an integrated disease management program (IPM) and also for generating information on pest / disease-free areas and for pest risk analysis, which is an obligation for our international trade. (springer.com)
The epidemiology of plant virus diseases concerns the cyclical development of virus diseases within plant populations in time and space. (els.net)
The main factors that influence the epidemiology of plant virus diseases involve the viruses, the plant hosts and the vectors. (els.net)
The factors involved in plant virus disease epidemiology, their main components and some of the significant interrelationships exemplified by the pathosystem greenhouse‐grown tomato/whitefly‐transmitted viruses. (els.net)
Fauquet C and Fargette D (1990) African cassava mosaic virus: etiology, epidemiology and control. (els.net)
13th International Plant Virus Epidemiology Symposium, Avignon, France. (els.net)
Damsteegt VD and Igwegbe ECK (1998) Epidemiology and control of maize streak disease. (els.net)
See 'Human T-lymphotropic virus type I: Virology, pathogenesis, and epidemiology' . (uptodate.com)

Recent findings link dysregulation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with SAD development. (hindawi.com)
Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative diseases (also termed EBV-associated lymphoproliferative diseases or EBV+ LPD) are a group of disorders in which one or more types of lymphoid cells (a type of white blood cell), i.e. (wikipedia.org)
B cells, T cells, NK cells, and histiocytic-dendritic cells, are infected with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). (wikipedia.org)
The Epstein-Barr virus (also termed human herpesvirus 4) belongs to the Herpes family of Group I double-stranded DNA viruses. (wikipedia.org)
Research projects should focus on oral diseases caused by, but not necessarily limited to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), Human Papillomavirus (HPV), Kaposi's sarcoma Virus (KSHV) or Human Herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), Epstein Barr Virus (EBV), Polyomaviruses such as BK virus (BKV), Adenovirus, and Cytomegalovirus (CMV). (nih.gov)
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a gamma herpesvirus with a double-stranded DNA genome in core. (frontiersin.org)

It is possible that other stimulants of inflammation, including other viral infections, might also lead to the brain changes seen in the study, which could cause a decline in cognitive function leading to Alzheimer's disease . (yahoo.com)
While most people are carriers of the CMV virus, generally only those with weakened immune systems have symptomatic, active CMV infections. (yahoo.com)
A serious constraint to agricultural productivity and a constant pressure to global food security and hunger are infections of plants with viruses. (els.net)
In a study of 1,400 women under age 19 in the San Francisco area, scientists found more of the teen-agers suffered from genital infections by the human papilloma virus, or HPV, than from chlamydia and gonorrhea combined. (latimes.com)
1999. Fish diseases and disorders, Vol. 3 Viral, bacterial and fungal infections. (cabi.org)
Skin diseases and internal infections: caused by Bacterial, virus, fungi? (yahoo.com)
after the msblast worm was released, researchers looked at the agricultural infestation of dutch elm disease and found an apt correlation between the two infections. (geek.com)
Single and double virus streak and tomato leaf rolling are three separate diseases, which involve strains of TMV, mixed infections of TMV with other viruses, or interaction of TMV with a specific tomato gene. (cornell.edu)
Not only does it leave a child vulnerable to a highly contagious disease, but also, for individuals who survive an initial measles attack, the virus increases their vulnerability to all kinds of other infections for months - possibly even years - after they recover. (kuow.org)
however, five showed mixed infections of two or three combinations of tested viruses. (erudit.org)
Des infections par un seul virus parmi le MDMV, le SCMV, le BYDV-PAV et le JGMV ont été respectivement détectées dans cinq, trois, deux et quatre échantillons. (erudit.org)
Viral infections cause a host of different diseases, some mild and others potentially fatal. (livestrong.com)
A variety of viruses cause different types of respiratory infections. (livestrong.com)
According to an October 2014 article published in the 'The Neurohospitalist,' other viral causes of central nervous system infections are emerging, including West Nile virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, human parechoviruses and Chikungunya virus. (livestrong.com)
Viruses cause a wide array of skin infections. (livestrong.com)
Herpes simplex viruses (HSV) cause some of the most common skin infections. (livestrong.com)
Additional studies on m102.4 as a possible treatment and as a preventive vaccine for Nipah and Hendra virus infections are being planned. (innovations-report.com)
American ginseng is safe, well tolerated, and potentially effective for preventing acute respiratory illness due to influenza and respiractory syncytial virus infections. (greenmedinfo.com)
We look at the spread of the Zika virus, which scientists have linked to rising temperatures from global warming because of the increased incidence of mosquito-borne infections. (democracynow.org)

The virus spreads through direct contact with body fluids , such as blood from infected humans or other animals. (wikipedia.org)
[1] Spread of the disease through the air between primates , including humans, has not been documented in either laboratory or natural conditions. (wikipedia.org)
[1] Prevention includes limiting the spread of disease from infected animals to humans by handling potentially infected bushmeat only while wearing protective clothing, and by thoroughly cooking bushmeat before eating it. (wikipedia.org)
formerly Marburg hemorrhagic fever ) is a severe illness of humans and non-human primates caused by either of the two marburgviruses , Marburg virus (MARV) and Ravn virus (RAVV). (wikipedia.org)
Zika is a virus passed to humans by the bite of infected mosquitoes. (medlineplus.gov)
We refer to the many studies, mainly on humans, implicating specific microbes in the elderly brain, notably herpes simplex virus type 1, chlamydia pneumoniae and several types of spirochatete. (telegraph.co.uk)
On the basis of frequency of occurrence, tomato virus diseases and disorders can be separated into two groups: those spread by humans and those spread by insects. (cornell.edu)
It is a zoonosis - an animal disease that can spread to humans - believed to be transmitted by African fruit bats ( Rousettus aegyptiacus ) to humans. (iamat.org)
The Zaïre, Sudan, Taï Forest, and Bundibugyo viruses cause illness in humans while the Reston species affects animals. (iamat.org)
It is still unclear how the virus originated or how it lives in the natural environment, but it is believed to be a zoonosis (an animal disease that can spread to humans). (iamat.org)
Humans are infectious as long as their blood contains the virus. (iamat.org)
Newcastle disease virus kills chickens, but does not harm humans. (sify.com)
Coronaviruses are a family of viruses that can cause the common cold and some more serious diseases, including SARS, which killed 800 in 2002-2003 and the Middle East respiratory syndrome, which continues to cause sporadic cases and is believed to jump to humans from camels. (click2houston.com)
These diseases in monkeys mirror what happens in humans, and the study results are cause for hope that the antibody, named m102.4, ultimately may be developed into a possible treatment for people who become infected with these viruses. (innovations-report.com)
Hendra virus emerged in 1994 in Australia and primarily affects horses, which can spread the disease to humans. (innovations-report.com)

These immune modulating functions make EBV a good candidate for initiation of autoimmune diseases and exacerbation of disease progression. (hindawi.com)
In the current study, the researchers found that EBNA2 and its related transcription factors activate some of the human genes associated with the risk for lupus and several other autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, type 1 diabetes, juvenile idiopathic arthritis and celiac disease. (eurekalert.org)
Sifting through and comparing a large collection of genetic and protein data from healthy individuals and those with autoimmune diseases, the team used RELI to identify regulatory regions in genes associated with the risk of developing lupus that also bound EBNA2 and its related transcription factors. (eurekalert.org)
In follow-up analyses, the investigators used RELI to probe regulatory genes associated with other autoimmune diseases and found that EBNA2 bound to genes associated with the risk for multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, type 1 diabetes, juvenile idiopathic arthritis and celiac disease. (eurekalert.org)

An ongoing problem preventing full eradication of the disease is the occurrence of vaccine-derived poliovirus, a new instance of the disease caused when the vaccine strain mixes with other closely related viral species. (ibm.com)
The project proposed by IBM researchers and our collaborators could point the way forward for exploring new methods to help accelerate disease eradication in the face of vaccine-derived poliovirus. (ibm.com)
The defective and parasitic nature of DIPs may someday be used to reduce and even completely suppress the occurrence of the vaccine-derived disease types, while also helping to prevent the virus from spreading just as effectively as with traditional vaccines. (ibm.com)
They vaccinated a group of ferrets for the flu, exposed some of them to a measleslike virus, then tested to see whether the flu vaccine still worked. (kuow.org)
There is no vaccine or medicine that prevents West Nile virus. (cdc.gov)
People who have been in contact with someone with the disease are offered vaccine and asked to monitor their health for 21 days to ensure they do not become ill as well. (freerepublic.com)
The investigational vaccine being used in DRC and by health and frontline workers in Uganda has so far been effective in protecting people from developing the disease, and has helped those who do develop the disease to have a better chance of survival. (freerepublic.com)
Dengue fever and West Nile fever are mosquito-borne diseases that affect hundreds of millions of people worldwide each year, but there is no vaccine against either of the related viruses. (yahoo.com)
Because the Hendra and Nipah viruses are so deadly and there is no licensed vaccine or treatment for either of them, both viruses must be studied in maximum-containment BSL-4 laboratories. (innovations-report.com)
In several instances this virus has been used as a test case to examine novel vaccine concepts in swine, including the honor of being the first genetically modified vaccine used in the field. (nih.gov)
For 20 years before this report, NDV was used in a vaccine to prevent Newcastle disease in birds. (emedicinehealth.com)
I will insist, since science has not yet developed a vaccine against the Zika virus, the only efficient method we have to prevent this illness is a vigorous battle against the mosquito. (democracynow.org)
This more accurate system requires only microscopic amounts of virus, allowing vaccine makers to produce targeted flu vaccines earlier, said Neethirajan. (uoguelph.ca)
On a positive note, a promising new vaccine to counteract the virus is being used (Claude et al. (nursingcenter.com)

Our ground / inflight staff are also equipped to handle passengers with or with suspected communicable diseases. (philippineairlines.com)

When Manuelidis studied cultures of neural cells infected with two particular strains of scrapie and CJD, she found that these virus-like particles were clustered in regular arrays within the cells - in a pattern that viruses regularly form in cells - and she saw no apparent prions in the cells. (newscientist.com)
However, emergence of new viruses and strains of existing viruses, along with changing contexts due to agricultural intensification and climate change resulted in creating new challenges and demanding even greater effort to overcome hurdles to increase agricultural productivity, food availability and economic development. (springer.com)
The emergence of novel virus species and strains has been increasing worldwide in the past two decades. (els.net)
The different viruses that cause barley yellow dwarf disease (BYD) were originally characterized by Rochow (1969) and Rochow and Muller (1971), who identified five strains from New York in the United States based on their transmission phenotypes in an experimental system. (fao.org)
The nucleotide sequences of the 3'-terminal regions of papaya ringspot virus strains W and P," Journal of General Virology , vol. 71, no. 1, pp. 203-210, 1990. (hindawi.com)
The team's discovery may significantly speed up identification of flu viral strains, thwarting disease spread and leading to more reliable vaccines, according to U of G professor Suresh Neethirajan. (uoguelph.ca)

As part of President Barack Obama's fiscal 2015 budget proposal, Frieden wants to widen the impact of the technology and to improve protection against antibiotic resistance and other disease outbreaks in a variety of other ways through a new "global health security" initiative. (rollcall.com)
Investing in AMD "would bring the U.S. public health system a more precise and accurate means to find smoldering disease outbreaks we are missing now, find disease outbreaks faster to protect communities, and stop threats in our food supply," the fact sheet said. (rollcall.com)
In their study, the scientists cite a handful of other outbreaks of Hendra virus in horses since 2008. (innovations-report.com)
Fewer mass disease outbreaks and better vaccines may result from a new nanoscience-based method for identifying emerging flu viruses developed by international scientists including a University of Guelph researcher. (uoguelph.ca)
Food-borne viruses such as Norwalk, hepatitis and those that cause gastroenteritis can also be quickly tested for identification in areas where outbreaks are located so they can be confined and treated. (uoguelph.ca)

Many of the world's most important food crops are grown in the tropics and the majority of them are affected with one or another virus or viroid diseases. (springer.com)
Plant virus and sub-viral agents are one of the factors that affect productivity and cause vast economic losses to staple crops across the tropics. (springer.com)
Control strategies basically focus on the elimination of virus sources and the avoidance of spatio-temporal coincidences between viruses, vectors and crops. (els.net)
Because viral populations evolve quickly, the emergence of new variants of classic viruses with stronger virulence, the occurrence of viruses switching host from the wild species to the cultivated crops, or recombinants between different families, pose a serious challenge in the control of viruses and to the durability of widely deployed resistance against viruses. (els.net)
Viruses of Pepper Crops in the Mediterranean Basin: A Remarkable Stasis. (elsevier.com)

Diagnosis of plant virus and sub-viral agents and their prevention / management is an integral part of agricultural production systems and regulatory frame works that exist in almost all tropical countries. (springer.com)
The CDC recommends people follow normal disease prevention steps, including staying current on vaccines, washing hands and wearing insect repellent. (usatoday.com)
Trauma-informed Human Immunodeficiency Virus Prevention for. (lww.com)
As with other infectious diseases, prevention is the best defense. (nurse.com)

This is the first text to examine the connection between virology and human disease. (elsevier.com)

The researchers compare this behaviour with the measles virus, which very occasionally persists in cells and replicates in a restricted fashion leading to a severe brain inflammation known as subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. (newscientist.com)
Severe dengue is a more serious form of disease that can result in shock, internal bleeding, and even death. (yahoo.com)
Factors that put you at greater risk of developing dengue fever or a more severe form of the disease include: 1. (yahoo.com)
Travelers over 50 years of age are at the highest risk for severe disease if they get WNV. (cdc.gov)
Brazil has been hardest hit by Zika with over 4,000 cases of infants with severe birth defects which could be linked to the virus. (democracynow.org)

By building on this research, we may one day be able to advise people genetically predisposed to multiple sclerosis, for instance, to avoid certain viruses or bacteria or to be vaccinated against them in order to prevent actual development of autoimmune disease, wrote Mitchell Kronenberg, president and scientific director of San Diego's La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology, where the research took place. (redorbit.com)
The herpes virus - the type which causes cold sores - and chlamydia bacteria are named as the major culprits, as well as a type of corkscrew-shaped bacteria called spirochaete. (telegraph.co.uk)
The authors say that viruses and bacteria are common in the brains of elderly people, and although they are usually dormant, they can 'wake up' after stress or if the immune system is compromised. (telegraph.co.uk)
Dementia charities said they had noticed that viruses and bacteria were more common in people with Alzheimer's disease. (telegraph.co.uk)
Dr James Pickett, Head of Research at Alzheimer's Society said: "A large number of different microbes including viruses, bacteria and fungi have been found in the brains of older people - but there do appear to be more of them in the brains of people who have died with Alzheimer's disease. (telegraph.co.uk)
It destroys up to half of the existing antibodies that protect against other viruses and bacteria, according to research published Thursday. (washingtonpost.com)
Researchers found that those who survive measles gradually regain their previous immunity to other viruses and bacteria as they get re-exposed to them. (washingtonpost.com)
A study led by a researcher at the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus focused on viruses inhabiting bacteria in the intestine known as bacteriophages or simply phages. (hindustantimes.com)
According to the researchers, most studies looking at how these microbial communities might spark inflammation have focused chiefly on bacteria rather than the viruses residing inside them. (hindustantimes.com)
Those disturbances could be the result of the viruses killing off beneficial bacteria in the intestine and allowing for `bad actor' bacteria to cause inflammation and bowel disease. (hindustantimes.com)
Clinicians could target certain bacteria with viruses to eliminate bacteria that lead to inflammation. (hindustantimes.com)
Bacteria could be manipulated to circumvent the development of disease. (hindustantimes.com)
It's a bacteria that's resistant to just about all antibiotics and spreads diseases not only among the same organisms but jumps from species to species, said Frieden. (rollcall.com)
The viruses, bacteria and parasites that cause disease each have their own individual genetic makeups. (rollcall.com)
It does so by analyzing a small sample of virus or bacteria, for example. (rollcall.com)
In addition to less diversity of bacteria in the gut, inflammatory bowel diseases are also associated with a greater diversity of viruses, report researchers. (futurity.org)
We have a great deal of groundwork to do, including sequencing the genetic material of these viruses and learning how they interact with the gut and gut bacteria, before we can determine if changes in the virome cause these conditions or result from them. (futurity.org)
Changes in the gut that eliminate bacteria in inflammatory bowel diseases may unleash bacteriophages in the dying bacteria, Virgin speculates. (futurity.org)

Oct 26, 2020 · The West Nile Virus and Dengue fever are two mosquito-borne illnesses. (yahoo.com)
Oct 26, 2020 · The county said that to protect yourself against the spread of West Nile Virus or Dengue Fever , residents should wear long-sleeve shirts and pants while outdoors and avoid standing water. (yahoo.com)

Viruses, not prions, may be at the root of diseases such as scrapie, BSE and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD), researchers say. (newscientist.com)
Researchers believe the body may act correctly to repel an invading virus but then extend its attack to molecules similar to those in the virus. (redorbit.com)
For this task, IBM researchers will use massive computational power and contribute their recognized expertise in mathematical modeling of diseases to help renowned world-class experimental and theoretical biologists at UCSF, Stanford University, and the University of Haifa. (ibm.com)
In the second part of the study, researchers examined various virus antibody levels in groups of people and found that those with celiac disease have two- to five-times higher levels of reovirus antibodies than people with celiacs. (healthcentral.com)
Researchers report that a virus implicated in cervical cancer causes the most common sexually transmitted disease among teen-age women. (latimes.com)
Researchers from the Wellcome Sanger Institute, University of Amsterdam and their collaborators sequenced their antibody genes and found that specific immune memory cells were no longer in the blood of two children after measles illness, leaving them vulnerable against infectious diseases they had previously been protected against. (washingtonpost.com)
Researchers have found that a recombinant Newcastle disease virus kills all kinds of prostate cancer cells, including hormone resistant cells, leaving normal cells unscathed. (sify.com)
Ironically, obese women infected with CMV were less likely to have metabolic syndrome than obese women not infected with the virus, the researchers found. (medicinenet.com)
Now, researchers in Hong Kong believe they've found at least one culprit: a new virus related to measles and mumps dubbed feline morbillivirus. (livescience.com)
The research team includes the paediatrician Niklas Nyström, the pathologist Alkwin Wanders, virus researchers Gun Frisk and Oskar Skog, the molecular biologist Mats Nilsson, and the geneticist Ulf Gyllensten at Uppsala University and Uppsala University Hospital, along with cell biologists Jonas Fuxe and Tove Berg the paediatrician Yigael Finkel at Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm. (uu.se)
In the present study the researchers investigated whether the RNA virus were present in children with Crohn´s disease. (uu.se)
According to the researchers, the results raise the possibility that viruses may have unrecognized roles in obesity and diabetes and the two most common inflammatory bowel diseases, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis. (futurity.org)
The researchers are developing an animal model of inflammatory bowel diseases to make it possible to determine whether human, bacterial, or viral genes, or some mixture of all three, are driving these illnesses. (futurity.org)

Zika has also been discovered in one area in Florida, where the virus is being spread by mosquitoes. (medlineplus.gov)
You also may be tested for other viruses spread by mosquitoes, such as dengue and chikungunya. (medlineplus.gov)
Dengue fever is caused by any one of four types of dengue viruses spread by mosquitoes that thrive in and near human lodgings. (yahoo.com)

The mosquitoes that spread Zika are the same type that spread dengue fever and chikungunya virus . (medlineplus.gov)
A confirmed case of Zika virus disease was illness in a symptomatic person with a sample that was either Zika virus RNA positive or Zika or dengue virus IgM positive with neutralizing antibodies against Zika virus only. (medscape.com)
Dengue (pronounced DENgee) fever is a painful, debilitating mosquito-borne disease caused by any one of four closely related dengue viruses. (yahoo.com)
Dengue fever is transmitted by the bite of an Aedes mosquito infected with a dengue virus . (yahoo.com)
The mosquito becomes infected when it bites a person with dengue virus in their blood. (yahoo.com)
www.mayoclinic.org / diseases -conditions/ dengue . (yahoo.com)
Dengue (DENG-gey) fever is a mosquito-borne disease that occurs in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. (yahoo.com)
Dengue fever is most common in Southeast Asia and the western Pacific islands, but the disease has bee. (yahoo.com)
When a mosquito bites a person infected with a dengue virus, the virus enters the mosquito. (yahoo.com)
When the infected mosquito then bites another person, the virus enters that person's bloodstream.After you've recovered from dengue fever, you have immunity to the type of virus that infected you - but not to the other three dengue fever virus types. (yahoo.com)
Being in tropical and subtropical areas increases your risk of exposure to the virus that causes dengue fever. (yahoo.com)
10 and 4-fold or higher Zika virus titer than dengue. (cdc.gov)
What is the dengue virus caused by? (yahoo.com)
tropical disease caused by the dengue virus , transmitted by mosquito. (yahoo.com)
Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus . (yahoo.com)

The scarcity of health services in particular renders these populations vulnerable to multiple interacting stressors including food insecurity, climate change, and the cascading effects of disease epidemics such as EVD. (usda.gov)
He said this simple, inexpensive method will allow developing nations to identify viruses rapidly and share information worldwide to stave off epidemics. (uoguelph.ca)

Worldwide, the disease has resurfaced in areas that had been declared measles-free. (kuow.org)
That means people, especially children, who get measles become much more vulnerable to other germs that cause diseases such as pneumonia and influenza that they had previously been protected against. (washingtonpost.com)

We write to express our concern that one particular aspect of the disease has been neglected, even though treatment based on it might slow or arrest Alzheimer's disease progression. (telegraph.co.uk)
The virus is usually involved in the development and/or progression of these LPDs although in some cases it may be an "innocent" bystander, i.e. present in, but not contributing to, the disease. (wikipedia.org)
Human immunodeficiency virus-1 disease progression in hemophiliacs. (nih.gov)
To delineate epigenetic modifications and their potential interactions in oral cells and tissues that regulate the onset and progression of oral diseases. (nih.gov)
Cells of the innate immune system have been proven to be critical players in the initial pathogenesis of prion disease, and may have a role in the pathological progression of disease. (mdpi.com)

2018. "Zika Virus and the Risk for Renter Households. (mdpi.com)

West Nile virus (WNV) is an illness caused by a virus that is spread through mosquito bites. (cdc.gov)
All the recommended personal precautions that people are advised to take to avoid other tick-borne illness, such as Lyme Disease, will also help to protect them against Powassan (Deer Tick Virus). (wbur.org)
This common illness, characterized by diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, is caused by many different viruses, but not the influenza virus. (livestrong.com)
The varicella virus causes chickenpox, an illness characterized by itchy fluid-filled bumps on the skin that eventually rupture and scab over. (livestrong.com)

Meanwhile, earlier this week, officials in Texas reported the first case of Zika virus contracted in the U.S., saying it was sexually transmitted. (democracynow.org)

Virus and Rickettsial Diseases. (annals.org)

Byamukama E, Wegulo S, Yabwalo D and Langham MAC (2016) Impact of Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus on Wheat Production in the Northern Great Plains Region of the United States: A Review. (els.net)
However, it is important that 25% of children presenting with the disease do not present with a fever and may be misdiagnosed ( Lado & Howlett, 2016 ). (nursingcenter.com)

The dynamics of a particular virus disease epidemic depends on the number of vectors and their activity, sources of virus and vectors, climatic conditions and a complex series of virus - plant - vector interactions. (springer.com)
It also deals with how and why a virus is spread by vectors in an ecosystem. (els.net)
Modern agriculture has caused the dissemination of exotic plant species, viruses and vectors into foreign environments. (els.net)
Most plant viruses are transmitted by vectors, mainly insects. (els.net)
Blanc S, Drucker M and Uzest M (2014) Localizing viruses in their insect vectors. (els.net)
Canto T, Aranda MA and Fereres A (2009) Climate change effects on physiology and population processes of hosts and vectors that influence the spread of hemipteran‐borne plant viruses. (els.net)
Of particular concern is the impact of viruses and their vectors on cereals, wheat, maize (corn in the USA), rice, barley, sorghum, oats, millet and rye, which provide much of the world's food and drink. (els.net)
Intensification of crop production and introduction of vectors play key roles in the widespread of viruses in cereals. (els.net)

Alzheimer's disease could be caused by viruses like herpes, a group of renowned dementia experts have warned, as they call for urgent investigation into the link. (telegraph.co.uk)
Around two thirds of people will acquire the herpes virus at some point in their lives, and many will not realise they have it. (telegraph.co.uk)
The herpes virus in particular is known to damage the central nervous system, and the limbic system in the brain which regulates mood and instinct and is associated with mental decline and personality changes. (telegraph.co.uk)
For example, enteroviruses and herpes viruses can cause meningitis and encephalitis. (livestrong.com)

This review focuses on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and sum up the existing data linking EBV with these diseases including elevated titres of EBV antibodies, reduced T-cell defence against EBV, and elevated EBV viral load. (hindawi.com)
Diabetes, lupus, multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis are examples of diseases where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue. (redorbit.com)

This sequence introduces students to medical microbiology, infectious diseases, and antimicrobial therapy, and focuses on pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of various infectious diseases. (merlot.org)
Phage numbers are elevated at the intestinal mucosal surface and increase in abundance during inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), suggesting that phages play an unidentified role in IBD," said Duerkop, lead author of the study published Monday in the journal Nature Microbiology. (hindustantimes.com)

THURSDAY, Feb. 23, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- A common virus may make some women more susceptible to both heart disease and type 2 diabetes , a new study suggests. (medicinenet.com)

Scientists want to know if the virus could interact with other factors, such as mutated genes, to trigger the disease. (newscientist.com)
The disease develops very slowly and scientists suspected that even if a virus were to blame it might be present at such low levels that conventional tests would not detect it. (newscientist.com)
The scientists also discovered genetic material from the virus in one of two people who had a family history of the disease. (newscientist.com)
Last year, scientists found mutated forms of the gene for an enzyme called superoxide dismutase in people with motor neurone disease. (newscientist.com)
Scientists found mice predisposed to diabetes were more likely to develop the disease if exposed to a virus. (redorbit.com)
Stanford scientists said they have come up with an even more sensitive test, the only one that can distinguish papilloma viruses having malignant potential from the benign types. (latimes.com)
Scientists supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases report their findings today in Nature Genetics . (eurekalert.org)
This paves the way for a better understanding of what might be involved in causing the disease, says Alkwin Wanders, one of the scientists behind the study at Uppsala University and Uppsala University Hospital. (uu.se)
A human antibody given to monkeys infected with the deadly Hendra virus completely protected them from disease, according to a study published by National Institutes of Health (NIH) scientists and their collaborators. (innovations-report.com)
We know that mutations in human genes affect the risk of inflammatory bowel diseases, and scientists also are exploring how bacterial genes may influence risk," says Herbert Virgin. (futurity.org)
To develop better treatments for inflammatory bowel diseases, scientists need to learn more about how the gut microbiome and the gut virome interact with a patient's genes. (futurity.org)

EBV-associated T and NK-cell lymphoproliferative diseases (EBV-T/NK LPDs) are characterized by the transformation and proliferation of EBV-infected T or NK cells. (frontiersin.org)

In the scientific literature, Marburg hemorrhagic fever (MHF) is often used as an unofficial alternative name for the same disease. (wikipedia.org)
Both disease names are derived from the German city Marburg , where MARV was first discovered. (wikipedia.org)
Marburg virus (MARV) and Ravn virus (RAVV), family Filoviridae. (wikipedia.org)

The widely accepted theory of what causes infectious prion diseases - such as vCJD, scrapie and "mad cow disease" - is that deformed proteins called prions corrupt other brain proteins, eventually clogging and destroying brain cells. (newscientist.com)
Prion diseases or transmissible spongiform encephalopathies are a unique category of infectious protein-misfolding neurodegenerative disorders. (mdpi.com)

Like DIPs, vaccines also use a defective version of viruses, but as a preventive treatment building immune memory rather than a curative treatment based on competition and co-evolution. (ibm.com)

Advances in Virus Research 33: 301-325. (els.net)
Advances in Virus Research 66: 1-29. (els.net)
This volume of Advances in Virus Research focuses on mycoviruses. (elsevier.com)
In the preface to the first edition, the authors pointed out that the numerous advances made in the virus field failed to come to the notice of the practicing physician because few attempts had been made to present the material in a suitable form for those whose interests are of a more general nature. (ajtmh.org)

We will never eradicate this virus," Osterholm said on CNN's "Newsroom," comparing the coronavirus to HIV, explaining that we'll be able to control it but it'll never fully disappear. (cnn.com)
While the United States deals with the coronavirus, the West Nile virus is on the rise and can show similar features to COVID-19, creating some confusion. (yahoo.com)

Plant viruses are a concern for agriculture as virus diseases can cause qualitative and/or quantitative losses of yield. (els.net)
A noticeable number of plant viruses have been found to pass from one generation to the next through seed. (els.net)
2006) Molecular ecology and emergence of tropical plant viruses. (els.net)
CMI/ABB Description of Plant Viruses No. 48, Association of Applied Biologists, Wellesbourne, UK. (els.net)

Inflammatory Bowel Disease poses significant health burdens worldwide and has inspired intense investigation into the environmental factors causing persistent inflammation of the intestine. (hindustantimes.com)
Turns out, there is a key connection between viruses and inflammatory bowel diseases like ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. (hindustantimes.com)
A new study finds that patients with inflammatory bowel diseases had a greater variety of viruses in their digestive systems than did healthy volunteers, which suggests that viruses likely play a role in the diseases. (futurity.org)
For example, changes in the gut microbiome have been linked to obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and inflammatory bowel diseases. (futurity.org)
EBV-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), although not included in the WHO classification because it is a reactive, inflammatory disease, is included in this review because it can be life-threatening and may have overlapping features with other EBV+ T/NK LPDs. (frontiersin.org)

Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are thought to involve misdirected immune attacks on gut tissue and can lead to weight loss, bleeding in the gut and rectum, and loss of appetite. (futurity.org)
Virgin and his colleagues studied three groups of patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis living in Chicago, Boston, and the United Kingdom. (futurity.org)

Mosquitoes spread the Zika virus from person to person. (medlineplus.gov)
Mosquitoes acquire the virus when they feed on infected people. (medlineplus.gov)
The best way to avoid getting the virus is to avoid getting bitten by mosquitoes. (medlineplus.gov)
Zika virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus transmitted primarily through the bite of infected Aedes spp.mosquitoes. (medscape.com)
West Nile virus (WNV) is typically spread by infected mosquitoes. (yahoo.com)
Mosquitoes become infected when they feed on infected birds, who often carry the disease . (yahoo.com)
Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff has declared war on the mosquitoes responsible for spreading the Zika virus. (democracynow.org)

[1] [6] Samples of body fluids and tissues from people with the disease should be handled with special caution. (wikipedia.org)
The virus remains in semen longer than in other body fluids (blood, urine, vaginal fluids). (medlineplus.gov)
Depending upon the body fluid, Ebolavirus has been detected in body fluids from 6 to 40 days after disease onset, including during the convalescent stage. (nvic.org)
The disease is spread by contact with the body fluids of EVD patients as well as deceased victims. (nursingcenter.com)

[1] Other diseases such as malaria , cholera , typhoid fever , meningitis and other viral hemorrhagic fevers may resemble EVD. (wikipedia.org)

A new study reveals that all children with Crohn's disease that were examined had a commonly occurring virus - an enterovirus - in their intestines. (uu.se)
In Sweden several thousand adults live with Crohn's disease, and each year about 100 children and adolescents develop the disorder. (uu.se)
The cause of Crohn's disease is not known. (uu.se)
Surgery to remove part of the bowel is often necessary to treat Crohn's disease. (futurity.org)

Burnett PA and Plumb RT (1998) Present status of controlling barley yellow dwarf virus. (els.net)
Hewings AD (1995) Purification and virion characterization of barley yellow dwarf viruses. (els.net)
Barley yellow dwarf is the most widely distributed and the most economically important virus disease of wheat. (fao.org)
Biological and serological test results revealed the presence of barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV (BYDV-PAV), maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV), sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV), and Johnson grass mosaic virus (JGMV). (erudit.org)

Virus complexes have been identified recently as the major cause of diseases in blackberries and raspberries. (apsnet.org)

Laura Manuelidis at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut, US, has insisted for years that tiny virus-like particles observed in TSE-infected brains may be the culprits. (newscientist.com)
Cells with more virus-particles were better at infecting other cell cultures with the scrapie and CJD, while boosting mutant prions in the culture did not appear to increase their infectiousness or particle numbers. (newscientist.com)
Mathematical and computational modeling of virus and defective particles competition at single cell, tissue, organ and host level will allow inference of antiviral design principles. (ibm.com)
Bangham & Kirkwood (1993) Defective interfering particles and virus evolution. (bio.net)
Electron microscopic images virus particles from virus from CDC. (lymediseaseassociation.org)

The virus belongs to the Filoviridae family and comprises five species: Bundibugyo, Taï Forest (formerly Côte d'Ivoire), Reston, Sudan and Zaire. (jhpiego.org)

Respiratory syncytial virus [‎RSV]‎ is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in young infants, little was known on its circulation types and patterns in Morocco. (who.int)
We know this can be frightening for parents," said Nancy Messonnier, director of the CDC's National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases. (usatoday.com)
What parents should know about the polio-like paralyzing disease the CDC is warning about "We know this can be frightening for parents," said Nancy Messonnier, director of the CDC's National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases. (usatoday.com)
Nancy Messonnier, director of the CDC's National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, said this "dramatic" and serious disease is causing a lot of concern nationwide. (usatoday.com)
Fresh ginger (Zingiber officinale) has anti-viral activity against human respiratory syncytial virus in human respiratory tract cell lines. (greenmedinfo.com)

for computers, "an almost constant influenza season" would probably be equivalent to the constant low immunity computers hooked up to the internet have against viruses. (geek.com)

Survival depends on how a person's immune system responds to the virus. (medlineplus.gov)
The animals developed an immune system response to the protein-celiac disease. (healthcentral.com)
Understanding how prions interact with the host innate immune system may provide us with natural pathways and mechanisms to combat these diseases prior to their neuroinvasive stage. (mdpi.com)

Anatomy8

Organisms121

Diseases30

Chemicals and Drugs34

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment24

Phenomena and Processes39

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Named Groups1

Health Care5

Geographicals3

New perspectives on biliary atresia. (1/2922)

From myocarditis to cardiomyopathy: mechanisms of inflammation and cell death: learning from the past for the future. (2/2922)

Candidate viral diseases for elimination or eradication. (3/2922)

Qualitative and quantitative requirements for CD4+ T cell-mediated antiviral protection. (4/2922)

Preventing zoonotic diseases in immunocompromised persons: the role of physicians and veterinarians. (5/2922)

Virulence evolution in a virus obeys a trade-off. (6/2922)

Seminal tract infections: impact on male fertility and treatment options. (7/2922)

NK cells and apoptosis. (8/2922)

Marburg Virus Disease

Virus Diseases

Ross River virus

Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral

Alphavirus Infections

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections

Queensland

RNA Viruses

Marburgvirus

West Nile Fever

Slow Virus Diseases

Virus Replication

Arbovirus Infections

Vaccinia virus

West Nile virus

Respiratory Syncytial Viruses

Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human

Alphavirus

Receptors, Virus

Virus Cultivation

RNA, Viral

Virus Shedding

Ebolavirus

Simian virus 40

Antiviral Agents

HIV Infections

Virus Assembly

Plant Viruses

DNA Viruses

Disease Outbreaks

Acyclovir

Defective Viruses

Sindbis Virus

Measles virus

Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype

Colorado

Rabies virus

Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype

Antibodies, Viral

CD4 Lymphocyte Count

Viral Load

Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype

Hepatitis B virus

Culicidae

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Plant Diseases

Virus Activation

Genes, Viral

Herpes Simplex

Antigens, Viral

Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus

Virus Latency

Viral Proteins

Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus

Polymerase Chain Reaction

Oncogenic Viruses

Vero Cells

Simian immunodeficiency virus

Cytomegalovirus Infections

Seasons

Cercopithecus aethiops

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections

Mumps virus

Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human

Viral Vaccines

Time Factors

Mosaic Viruses

Virion

Hepatitis A virus

Disease Progression

Cytomegalovirus

Semliki forest virus

Avian Sarcoma Viruses

Neutralization Tests

Viral Plaque Assay

Virus Attachment

BK Virus

Tumor Virus Infections

Viruses, Unclassified

JC Virus