A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain germacrane and sesquiterpene LACTONES.
A system of traditional medicine which is based on the beliefs and practices of the African peoples. It includes treatment by medicinal plants and other materia medica as well as by the ministrations of diviners, medicine men, witch doctors, and sorcerers.
A cyanogenic glycoside found in the seeds of Rosaceae.
A plant genus of the family Plantaginaceae. Members contain bis-sesquiterpene and iridoid glucosides.
Concentrated pharmaceutical preparations of plants obtained by removing active constituents with a suitable solvent, which is evaporated away, and adjusting the residue to a prescribed standard.
The showy mistletoe plant family of the order Santalales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida. This includes parasitic tropical plants with haustoria connecting to the hosts. The leaves are opposite and thick. The flowers (4-7) have both calyx and corolla. The fruit is a berry with one seed.
A plant genus of the family Caricaceae, order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. It is the source of edible fruit and PAPAIN.
A method where a culturing surface inoculated with microbe is exposed to small disks containing known amounts of a chemical agent resulting in a zone of inhibition (usually in millimeters) of growth of the microbe corresponding to the susceptibility of the strain to the agent.
An enlarged underground root or stem of some plants. It is usually rich in carbohydrates. Some, such as POTATOES, are important human FOOD. They may reproduce vegetatively from buds.
Works containing information articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order, or a similar work limited to a special field or subject. (From The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)
The study of the origin, structure, development, growth, function, genetics, and reproduction of plants.
A republic in central Africa south of CHAD and SUDAN, north of DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO, and east of CAMEROON. The capital is Bangui.
A large plant family of the order Asterales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida. The family is also known as Compositae. Flower petals are joined near the base and stamens alternate with the corolla lobes. The common name of "daisy" refers to several genera of this family including Aster; CHRYSANTHEMUM; RUDBECKIA; TANACETUM.
The geographical area of Africa comprising CAMEROON; CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC; CHAD; CONGO; EQUATORIAL GUINEA; GABON; and DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO.
A food group comprised of EDIBLE PLANTS or their parts.

Relaxation of uterine and aortic smooth muscle by glaucolides D and E from Vernonia liatroides. (1/29)

Vernonia spp. (Asteraceae) are used in herbolaria in Latin America in menstrual and stomach disorders, suggesting smooth muscle relaxing properties of some of their chemical constituents. For pharmacological support for this belief, sesquiterpene lactones glaucolides D and E were assayed on isolated rat smooth muscle. Glaucolide E proved more potent than glaucolide D to relax high KCl- or noradrenaline-induced contractions in aorta and to relax the high KCl-contraction in uterus. Hirsutinolide-type sesquiterpene lactone also was tested but displayed no effect. Relaxation of smooth muscle by structurally related sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide has been attributed mainly to the alpha-methylene gamma-lactone moiety; because glaucolides D and E lack this functional group, their relaxant properties may rely on other alkylating sites such as C10 of the germacra-1(10),4-diene-4-epoxide skeleton.  (+info)

Two novel sesquiterpene lactones, cytotoxic vernolide-A and -B, from Vernonia cinerea. (2/29)

Bioassay-directed fractionation of an ethanolic extract of stems of Vernonia cinerea has resulted in the isolation of two novel sesquiterpene lactones, vernolide-A and -B. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. Biological evaluation showed that vernolide-A demonstrated potent cytotoxicity against human KB, DLD-1, NCI-661, and Hela tumor cell lines (ED(50)=0.02, 0.05, 0.53, 0.04 microg/ml for KB, DLD-1, NCI-661, and Hela, respectively); vernolide-B had marginal cytoxicity (ED(50)=3.78, 5.88, 6.42 microg/ml for KB, NCI-661, and Hela, respectively).  (+info)

Quantitative deuterium isotopic profiling at natural abundance indicates mechanistic differences for delta 12-epoxidase and delta 12-desaturase in Vernonia galamensis. (3/29)

Quantitative (2)H NMR spectroscopy can determine the natural abundance ((2)H/(1)H) ratio at each site of a molecule. In natural products, variation in these values is related to the reaction mechanisms in the pertinent biosynthetic pathway. For the first time, this novel approach has been exploited to probe for mechanistic differences in the introduction of different functionalities into a long-chain fatty acid. Vernolic acid, a major component of the seed oil of Vernonia galamensis, contains both an epoxide and a desaturation. The site-specific isotopic distribution ((2)H/(1)H)(i) has been determined for both vernolic acid and linoleic acid isolated from the same V. galamensis oil. It is found that the ((2)H/(1)H) ratio of vernolic acid shows a pattern along the entire length of the chain, consistent with linoleic acid being its immediate precursor. Notably, the C13 relates to the C13 of linoleic acid but not to the C13 of oleic acid. Furthermore, the C12 and C13 positions in vernolic acid are less depleted, consistent with a change in hybridization state from sp(2) to sp(3). However, the C11 position shows a marked relative enrichment in the vernolic acid, implying that it plays a role in the epoxidase but not the desaturase mechanism. Thus, although it can be concluded that the catalytic mechanisms for the epoxidase and desaturase activities are similar, marked differences in the residual ((2)H/(1)H) patterns indicate that the reaction mechanisms are not identical.  (+info)

Cytotoxic sesquiterpene lactones from Vernonia pachyclada from the Madagascar rainforest. (4/29)

Bioassay-guided fractionation of the cytotoxic leaf extract of Vernonia pachyclada Baker led to the isolation of three new sesquiterpene lactones, designated glaucolides K-M (1-3). The structures of the new compounds were determined using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, and the structure and stereochemistry of 1 were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound 3 showed moderate activity in the A2780 human ovarian cancer cell line, with an IC50 of 3.3 microM.  (+info)

Aqueous Vernomia amygdalina extracts alter MCF-7 cell membrane permeability and efflux. (5/29)

Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer related deaths of women in the United States. Several treatment strategies have been developed over the past decade to reduce cancer morbidity and mortality rates. While mortality rates have declined in some ethnic populations, the overall cancer incidence continues to grow. Hence, chemotherapeutic agents are needed to improve cancer treatment outcome. Previous studies show that low concentrations (microgram/ml) of water-soluble leaf extracts of a Nigerian edible plant, V. amygdalina (VA), potently retard the proliferative activities of estrogen receptor positive (ER+) human breast cancerous cells (MCF-7) cells in vitro in a concentration-dependent fashion. The anti-proliferative activities of VA are extracellular signal-regulated kinases (1/2) (ERKs (1/2))-dependent. Cell culture and animal model studies, conducted by other investigators using other plant extracts, have also revealed that plant extract components called thionins may be responsible for their anticancer activities. These thionins are believed to interact with the cells in ways that compromise membrane potential/permeability resulting in the alteration of efflux, cytosolic activities, and subsequent cell death. Therefore, we hypothesized that VA exposure may compromise cell membrane as another mode of action to elicit its anticancer activities in MCF-7 cells. The exposure of cells to VA decreased [3H]thymidine uptake in a concentration-dependent (0, 30, and 100 mug/ml VA) manner (p < 0.05) but increased [3H]thymidine release, expressed as percent of [3H]thymidine incorporated, into the medium (p < 0.05). The amount of [3H]thymidine released into the medium was 1.7, 7.4, and 11.0 % for 0, 30, and 100 mug/ml VA respectively. Thus suggesting the membranes in VA-treated cells were compromised in a concentration-dependent fashion.  (+info)

Antimalarial activity of sesquiterpene lactones from Vernonia cinerea. (6/29)

Two new sesquiterpene lactones, vernolides C and D as well as six known ones were isolated from the dichloromethane fraction of an aqueous extract from Vernonia cinerea. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Among the known sesquiterpene lactones, three of them were described in this plant for the first time. In vitro antiplasmodial evaluation showed that the three major compounds 1, 7 and 8 were active against chloroquine resistant Plasmodium falciparum strain (W2) with IC(50) 3.9, 3.7 and 3.5 microM, respectively.  (+info)

Cytotoxic activity of the dichloromethane fraction from Vernonia scorpioides (Lam.) Pers. (Asteraceae) against Ehrlich's tumor cells in mice. (7/29)

Vernonia scorpioides has been widely used in Brazil to treat skin problems and chronic wounds, such as ulcers of the lower limbs and diabetic lesions. In the present study, we investigated the effect of a dichloromethane (DCM) fraction of V. scorpioides leaf extract on Ehrlich ascitic and solid tumor-bearing mice. The animals were treated once a day with the DCM fraction at a concentration of 5 mg/kg, administered ip during and after the development of the tumor. The lifespan, weight, number and type of leukocytes, number of tumor cells, volume of solid and ascitic tumors were measured. The development of the tumor with pre-treated tumor cells in vitro with the DCM fraction (5 mg/kg) was analyzed and the animals were sacrificed after 7 days. The DCM fraction (5 mg/kg) totally inhibited tumor development when in direct contact with tumor cells, and also ascitic tumor development with in vitro treatment or when administered ip, in loco (after 7 days). Animals treated with the DCM fraction increased their lifespan ca. 2 weeks and maintained their body weight for 30 days. When applied immediately after the inoculation of the tumor cells in vivo, it totally abolished tumor development, with tumor development only decreasing when treatment was started 3 days after the tumor challenge. These data suggest an antineoplastic activity of the fraction. Oral or ip administration of DCM fraction (5 mg/kg) for 7 days did not reduce the solid tumor volume. The cytotoxic activity described here differs from the conventional immune suppressing profile of standard chemotherapy because it increases neutrophil influx to the peritoneal cavity. These results show that, besides exhibiting a tumoricidal activity, the DCM fraction also exhibits inflammatory activity.  (+info)

Protective effects of extracts of Vernonia amygdalina, Hibiscus sabdariffa and vitamin C against radiation-induced liver damage in rats. (8/29)

The radioprotective efficacy of methanolic extracts of leaves of Vernonia amygdalina (VA) and Hibiscus sabdariffa (HS), and vitamin C (VIT C) against gamma radiation (4 Gy) induced liver damage was studied in male Wistar albino rats. VIT C was administered at a dose of 250 mg/kg body weight, while VA and HS were administered at doses; 200, 400 and 800-mg/kg body weight, orally for 4 weeks prior to radiation and 5 weeks after irradiation. The rats were sacrificed at 24 hours and 5 weeks after irradiation. Treatment with VIT C and VA (800 mg/kg) significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the gamma radiation-induced increases in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities at 24 hours after irradiation, whereas, HS (400 mg/kg) significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the serum ALT activity only. Similarly, treatment with VIT C and VA (800 mg/kg) significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the serum conjugated bilirubin levels by 56% and 29%, respectively at 24 hours. Furthermore, VIT C, VA and HS significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the levels of serum lipid peroxidation (LPO) and increased the hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities at 24 hours. Treatment for 5 weeks after irradiation with VITC, VA and HS significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the levels of unconjugated bilirubin, while VIT C and VA alone decreased the levels of conjugated bilirubin. Furthermore, treatment with VA (400 and 800 mg/kg) decreased the serum ALT activities by 25% and 34%, respectively, at 5 weeks after irradiation. Similarly, alkaline phosphatase and LPO levels were significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated following treatment with VIT C and VA (400 and 800 mg/kg) at 5 weeks after irradiation. In addition, treatment with VIT C, VA (800 mg/kg) and HS (400 and 800 mg/kg) significantly (p < 0.05) elevated the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) by 61%, 56%, 41% and 44%, respectively, at 5 weeks. Similar elevation of antioxidant enzymes; SOD, glutathione-s-transferase and catalase were obtained in animals treated with VIT C and extracts at 5 weeks. Taken together, the results suggest that the extracts of VA and HS, and VIT C could increase the antioxidant defense systems and may probably protect animals from radiation-induced liver damage.  (+info)

I apologize for any confusion, but "Vernonia" is not a medical term. It is the name of a genus of plants in the sunflower family, also known as ironweeds. Some species of Vernonia have been used in traditional medicine, such as Vernonia anthelmintica, which has been used in Ayurvedic medicine for its supposed anti-parasitic properties. However, there is limited scientific evidence to support these uses.

If you are looking for a medical term and have made a mistake in spelling or phrasing, please let me know and I will do my best to provide an accurate definition.

African traditional medicine (ATM) refers to the practices and beliefs regarding both physical and spiritual health and well-being that are indigenous to Africa. It includes various forms of healing, such as herbalism, spiritualism, and ancestral veneration, which may be practiced by traditional healers, including herbalists, diviners, and traditional birth attendants. These practices are often closely intertwined with the cultural, religious, and social beliefs of the community. It's important to note that the specific practices and beliefs can vary widely among different African cultures and communities.

Amygdalin is a naturally occurring compound found in the seeds of some fruits, such as apricots, and in certain nuts, including almonds. It is also known as "laetrile" and has been promoted as an alternative treatment for cancer. However, its effectiveness as a cancer treatment is not supported by scientific evidence, and it can have serious side effects, including cyanide poisoning. The use of amygdalin as a medical treatment is not approved by regulatory agencies in many countries, including the United States and Canada.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Veronica" is not a medical term. It is a name of Latin origin, and in popular culture, it might refer to a character in various movies, books, or other non-medical contexts. If you have a different question or need information on a medical topic, please don't hesitate to ask!

A plant extract is a preparation containing chemical constituents that have been extracted from a plant using a solvent. The resulting extract may contain a single compound or a mixture of several compounds, depending on the extraction process and the specific plant material used. These extracts are often used in various industries including pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, cosmetics, and food and beverage, due to their potential therapeutic or beneficial properties. The composition of plant extracts can vary widely, and it is important to ensure their quality, safety, and efficacy before use in any application.

I apologize for any confusion, but "Loranthaceae" is not a medical term. It is a botanical term that refers to a family of flowering plants known as the mistletoes. These parasitic plants attach themselves to the branches of trees and shrubs, penetrating the bark to draw nutrients from the host plant. They have adapted to a parasitic lifestyle through evolution, losing their roots and some leaves.

If you have any questions related to medical terminology or health science, I would be happy to help!

"Carica" is a genus name that refers to a group of plants commonly known as papayas. The most widely cultivated and well-known species in this genus is Carica papaya, which is native to Central America and southern Mexico. This plant produces large, edible fruits that are rich in nutrients such as vitamin C, vitamin A, and potassium.

The fruit of the Carica papaya tree is often used for its medicinal properties, including its anti-inflammatory and digestive benefits. The leaves, stems, and roots of the plant also have various traditional uses in different cultures, such as treating wounds, reducing fever, and alleviating symptoms of digestive disorders.

It's worth noting that while Carica papaya has been studied for its potential health benefits, more research is needed to fully understand its effects and safety profile. As with any treatment or supplement, it's important to consult with a healthcare provider before using Carica papaya for medicinal purposes.

Disk diffusion antimicrobial susceptibility tests, also known as Kirby-Bauer tests, are laboratory methods used to determine the effectiveness of antibiotics against a specific bacterial strain. This test provides a simple and standardized way to estimate the susceptibility or resistance of a microorganism to various antibiotics.

In this method, a standardized inoculum of the bacterial suspension is spread evenly on the surface of an agar plate. Antibiotic-impregnated paper disks are then placed on the agar surface, allowing the diffusion of the antibiotic into the agar. After incubation, the zone of inhibition surrounding each disk is measured. The size of the zone of inhibition correlates with the susceptibility or resistance of the bacterial strain to that specific antibiotic.

The results are interpreted based on predefined criteria established by organizations such as the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) or the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST). These interpretive criteria help categorize the susceptibility of the bacterial strain into one of three categories: susceptible, intermediate, or resistant.

It is important to note that disk diffusion tests have limitations and may not always accurately predict clinical outcomes. However, they remain a valuable tool in guiding empirical antibiotic therapy and monitoring antimicrobial resistance trends.

A plant tuber is not a medical term per se, but rather a term from botany. However, I can certainly provide a definition for you.

Tubers are specialized underground stems or roots that serve as storage organs for many types of plants. They consist of enlarged structures filled with nutrients, such as carbohydrates, proteins, and other organic compounds. Tubers can be classified into two main categories: true tubers and false tubers.

True tubers are swollen underground stems, such as those found in potatoes (Solanum tuberosum). They have nodes and internodes like aboveground stems, but they lack leaves or buds. Instead, they have small bumps called "eyes" that contain dormant buds, which can sprout to produce new plants when conditions are favorable.

False tubers, on the other hand, are enlarged roots, such as those found in cassava (Manihot esculenta). They do not have nodes and internodes like true tubers but instead store nutrients in their fleshy tissues.

While plant tubers may not have a direct medical definition, they are essential to human health and nutrition. Many tuber crops provide important sources of carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients in diets around the world.

An encyclopedia is a comprehensive reference work containing articles on various topics, usually arranged in alphabetical order. In the context of medicine, a medical encyclopedia is a collection of articles that provide information about a wide range of medical topics, including diseases and conditions, treatments, tests, procedures, and anatomy and physiology. Medical encyclopedias may be published in print or electronic formats and are often used as a starting point for researching medical topics. They can provide reliable and accurate information on medical subjects, making them useful resources for healthcare professionals, students, and patients alike. Some well-known examples of medical encyclopedias include the Merck Manual and the Stedman's Medical Dictionary.

Botany is the scientific study of plants, encompassing various disciplines such as plant structure, function, evolution, diversity, distribution, ecology, and application. It involves examining different aspects like plant anatomy, physiology, genetics, molecular biology, systematics, and ethnobotany. The field of botany has contributed significantly to our understanding of the natural world, agriculture, medicine, and environmental conservation.

The Central African Republic (CAR) is a country located in the central region of Africa. It is not a medical term, but a geographical and political designation for a nation that has its own government, healthcare system, and public health challenges.

The CAR faces significant health issues, including a high burden of infectious diseases such as malaria, HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and neglected tropical diseases. Access to healthcare services is limited, particularly in rural areas, and the country has one of the lowest life expectancies in the world. Political instability and conflict have further exacerbated the health challenges in the CAR, leading to displacement, malnutrition, and reduced access to healthcare for many of its citizens.

Asteraceae is a family of flowering plants commonly known as the daisy family or sunflower family. It is one of the largest and most diverse families of vascular plants, with over 1,900 genera and 32,000 species. The family includes a wide variety of plants, ranging from annual and perennial herbs to shrubs and trees.

The defining characteristic of Asteraceae is the presence of a unique type of inflorescence called a capitulum, which resembles a single flower but is actually composed of many small flowers (florets) arranged in a dense head. The florets are typically bisexual, with both male and female reproductive structures, and are radially symmetrical.

Asteraceae includes many economically important plants, such as sunflowers, daisies, artichokes, lettuce, chicory, and ragweed. Some species of Asteraceae are also used in traditional medicine and have been found to contain bioactive compounds with potential therapeutic uses.

It's worth noting that the taxonomy of this family has undergone significant revisions in recent years, and some genera and species have been moved to other families or renamed.

Central Africa is a geographical region that broadly includes the countries that lie near the equator and are found in the interior of the African continent. The United Nations defines Central Africa as consisting of the following countries: Angola, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Rwanda, and Sao Tome and Principe.

The region is characterized by diverse cultures, languages, and landscapes, ranging from dense rainforests to vast savannas. Central Africa is home to many important rivers, including the Congo River, which is the second longest river in Africa and the deepest river in the world. The region also contains numerous national parks and wildlife reserves that protect a diverse array of plant and animal species, including several endangered species such as mountain gorillas, chimpanzees, and forest elephants.

Central Africa faces many challenges, including political instability, poverty, and environmental degradation. The region has been plagued by conflicts and civil wars, which have resulted in significant loss of life, displacement of people, and destruction of infrastructure. Climate change and deforestation are also major concerns, as they threaten the region's biodiversity and contribute to global warming.

In terms of healthcare, Central Africa faces many challenges, including a high burden of infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis, and Ebola. Access to healthcare is limited in many areas, particularly in rural communities, and there is a shortage of healthcare workers and medical facilities. In addition, the region has been affected by conflicts and humanitarian crises, which have further strained healthcare systems and made it difficult to provide adequate care to those in need.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "vegetables" is not a term that has a medical definition. It is a dietary category that includes various plant-based foods, typically referring to the edible parts of herbaceous plants excluding fruit (but including seeds), such as leaves, stems, roots, tubers, and bulbs.

However, in a nutritional or clinical context, vegetables are often defined by their nutrient content. For example, they may be classified as foods that are high in certain vitamins, minerals, and fiber, and low in calories and fat. Different healthcare professionals or organizations might have slightly different definitions or classifications of what constitutes a vegetable, but there is no single medical definition for this term.

... acaulis Vernonia arkansana Vernonia angustifolia Vernonia baldwinii Vernonia blodgettii Vernonia fasciculata Vernonia ... Vernonia gigantea or Vernonia altissima Vernonia glauca Vernonia larseniae Vernonia lettermannii Vernonia lindheimeri Vernonia ... Vernonia missurica Vernonia noveboracensis Vernonia proctorii Vernonia pulchella Vernonia texana Vernonia nonoensis Vernonia ... Vernonia scorpioides Vernonia condensata Vernonia amygdalina Vernonia calvoana Vernonia colorata Vernonia galamensis Vernonia ...
"Vernonia coerulea J.Kost. , Plants of the World Online , Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2020-08-21. v t e ... Vernonia coerulea is a species of perennial plant in the family Asteraceae. It is endemic to the Lesser Sunda Islands. " ... Vernonia, Flora of the Lesser Sunda Islands, All stub articles, Asteraceae stubs). ...
... is a species of annual, flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is endemic to Zambia and Zimbabwe. It ... "Vernonia amoena S.Moore". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2020-08-10. v t e (Articles with short description, Short ... description is different from Wikidata, Articles with 'species' microformats, Vernonia, Flora of Zambia, Flora of Zimbabwe, All ...
... was a species of plant in the daisy family Asteraceae. It has not been seen since its original discovery ... "Vernonia seychellensis Baker , Plants of the World Online , Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2021-01-07. v t ... Vernonia, Extinct plants, All stub articles, Asteraceae stubs). ...
... is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to Vietnam. "Vernonia dranensis S. ... v t e (Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Articles with 'species' microformats, Vernonia, ...
"Vernonia arborea Buch.-Ham. - the Plant List". "Vernonia arborea - ASTERACEAE". Blumea Volume 1 Issue 3 (May 25, 1935 ) pp. 389 ... Vernonia arborea is a species of mid-level rainforest tree in the Composite, or Daisy family Asteraceae that is found in ... "Evaluation of wound-healing potency of Vernonia arborea Hk". Indian Journal of Pharmacology. 37 (4): 223-6. doi:10.4103/0253- ... Vernonia, Flora of tropical Asia, All stub articles, Asteraceae stubs). ...
... is a species of plant in the family Asteraceae. It is endemic to tropical and southern Africa. "Vernonia ...
Media related to Vernonia baldwinii at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Vernonia baldwinii at Wikispecies (Articles with short ... The genus Vernonia is named for the English botanist William Vernon, and the species baldwinii is named for William Baldwin, ... Vernonia baldwinii, commonly known as western ironweed or Baldwin's ironweed, is a perennial herb native to the central United ... Vernonia baldwinii is a tall, perennial herb with rhizomes. Its stems are densely tomentose, branched, round in cross section, ...
Entry for Vernonia in the Oregon Blue Book "Vernonia". The Oregon Encyclopedia. Vernonia history from VanNatta Forestry ( ... Vernonia High School "Mayor and City Council - City of Vernonia". vernonia-or.gov. Retrieved December 30, 2019. "ArcGIS REST ... Vernonia has also appeared in several films, including Ring of Fire (1961), The Vernonia Incident (1989), Thumbsucker (2005), ... west of the central business district of Vernonia. The December 2007 flooding in Vernonia was featured in the first season of ...
... is a rare species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common name Proctor's ironweed. It is ... proctorii and Vernonia proctorii 5-Year Reviews. December 2010. (Articles with short description, Short description matches ... Urbatch, L. E. (1989). Vernonia proctorii (Asteraceae: Vernonieae), a New species from Puerto Rico. Systematic Botany 14(4) 589 ... Wikidata, ESA endangered species, Articles with 'species' microformats, Vernonia, Endemic flora of Puerto Rico, Plants ...
... galamensis Vernonia galamensis nairobensis Vernonia galamensis lushotoensis Vernonia galamensis mutomoensis ... Species of the moth genus Indent are sometimes known as vernonia worms due to their preference for Vernonia plants as food. ... Vernonia galamensis is a plant in the sunflower family, known for its use as an oilseed. This species, often called ironweed, ... One of over 1,000 species in genus Vernonia, V. galamensis is native to East Africa. It is grown in the region as an industrial ...
alleizettei - isotype collected in 1948 Vernonia alleizettei var. hirtella Vernonia alleizettei var. moramangensis Vernonia ... Vernonia alleizettei is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is endemic to Madagascar. Four varieties are ... "Isotype of Vernonia alleizettei Humbert [family ASTERACEAE] on JSTOR". plants.jstor.org. Retrieved 2020-08-10. "Holotype of ... Vernonia, Endemic flora of Madagascar, Taxa named by Jean-Henri Humbert, All stub articles, Asteraceae stubs). ...
... is a species of perennial plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to the U.S. "Plants Profile for ... "Vernonia acaulis Gleason , Plants of the World Online , Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2020-08-09. v t e ( ... Vernonia, Flora of Florida, Flora of Georgia (U.S. state), Flora of South Carolina, Flora of North Carolina, All stub articles ... Vernonia acaulis (stemless ironweed)". plants.usda.gov. Retrieved 2020-08-21. " ...
"Vernonia ontocensis Merr. , Plants of the World Online , Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2020-08-20. v t e ... Vernonia bontocensis is a species of perennial plant in the family Asteraceae. It is endemic to the Philippines. The Philippine ... Vernonia, Flora of the Philippines, All stub articles, Asteraceae stubs). ...
... is a species of perennial plant in the family Asteraceae. It is endemic to Madagascar. Razafiniary, ... "Vernonia ampandrandavensis Humbert , Plants of the World Online , Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2020-08- ... Vernonia, Endemic flora of Madagascar, Taxa named by Jean-Henri Humbert, All stub articles, Asteraceae stubs). ... V. (2020). "Vernonia ampandrandavensis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T137429095A137869571". IUCN Red List of ...
... is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is endemic to the United States. "Vernonia glauca ... Vernonia, Endemic flora of the United States, Flora without expected TNC conservation status, All stub articles, Asteraceae ...
... is a species of perennial plant in the family Asteraceae. It is endemic to The Republic of the Congo ... "Vernonia brazzavillensis Aubrév. ex Compère , Plants of the World Online , Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved ... Vernonia, Flora of the Republic of the Congo, Flora of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Taxa named by André Aubréville, ...
Common names Vernonia blodgettii. NatureServe. Vernonia blodgettii. Flora of North America. v t e (Articles with short ... Vernonia blodgettii, the Florida ironweed or Blodgett's ironweed, is a species of perennial plant from family Asteraceae that ... Vernonia, Flora of Florida, Flora of the Bahamas, All stub articles, Asteraceae stubs). ...
... is a species of plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to Angola and Zambia. It can grow up to 75 cm ... "Vernonia verrucosa Klatt , Plants of the World Online , Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2021-01-07. ( ... Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Articles with 'species' microformats, Vernonia, Flora of ...
"Vernonia arkansana". Missouri Botanical Garden.org. Retrieved 8 September 2012. "Vernonia arkansana 'Mammuth'". RHS. Retrieved ... Vernonia arkansana (also known as Arkansas ironweed and great ironweed) is a species of perennial plant from family Asteraceae ... Bees like Melissodes vernoniae are frequent visitors to Vernonia plants in general. Another special guest the species attracts ... USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Vernonia arkansana". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data ...
... is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae that is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitat is ... Montúfar, R.; Pitman, N. (2003). "Vernonia nonoensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2003: e.T43862A10827390. doi: ... Vernonia, Endemic flora of Ecuador, Endangered plants, Taxonomy articles created by Polbot, All stub articles, Asteraceae stubs ...
... is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is endemic to Java in Indonesia and ... World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1998). "Vernonia zollingerianoides". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1998: e. ... Vernonia, Endemic flora of Java, Vulnerable plants, Taxonomy articles created by Polbot, All stub articles, Asteraceae stubs). ...
... is a critically endangered species of plants in the family Asteraceae. It is native to the West African ... "Vernonia djalonensis A.Chev. , Plants of the World Online , Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2019-11-13. ... Rokni, S. (2018). "Vernonia djalonensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T87753868A87753873. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK. ... In a 2018 public vote, Vernonia djalonensis was voted as the national flower of Guinea, a decision which is currently awaiting ...
Egedigwe CA (2010). Effect of dietary incorporation of Vernonia amygdalina and Vernonia colorata on blood lipid profile and ... Vernonia amygdalina, a member of the daisy family, is a small shrub that grows in tropical Africa. V. amygdalina typically ... Vernonia amygdalina in West African plants - A Photo Guide. (Articles with short description, Short description is different ... Ijeh II; Ejike CECC (2011). "Current perspectives on the medicinal potential of Vernonia amygdalina Del". J Med Plant Res. 5 (7 ...
"Vernonia andapensis Humbert , Plants of the World Online , Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2020-08-10. v t ... Vernonia andapensis is a species of perennial plant in the family Asteraceae. It is endemic to Madagascar. Madagascar, Institut ... Vernonia, Endemic flora of Madagascar, All stub articles, Asteraceae stubs). ...
... , commonly called Texas ironweed, is a species of flowering plant in the aster family (Asteraceae). It is native ... Vernonia texana is an erect herbaceous perennial. Its leaves are alternate and linear-lanceolate. It produces purple heads of ... "Vernonia texana". County-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program ( ... Vernonia texana Flora of North America Diggs, George; Lipscomb, Barney; O'Kennon, Robert (1999). Flora of North Central Texas. ...
... is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to Congo. "Vernonia duvigneaudii ...
... has a central stout stem that is covered with white hairs, and the flowers grow close to each other and have ... The flowers of Vernonia missurica bloom in July and August and are magenta with reddish-brown bracts. Each flower head is 100- ... Vernonia missurica, the Missouri ironweed, is a species of magenta-flowered perennial plant from family Asteraceae native to ... Vernonia missurica is typically visited by long-tongued bees, butterflies, and skippers. In the absence of these pollinators, ...
"Plants Profile for Vernonia flaccidifolia (Tennessee ironweed)". plants.usda.gov. Retrieved 2020-09-18. "Vernonia flaccidifolia ... Vernonia flaccidifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to Georgia, Tennessee, and ... Vernonia, Flora of Georgia (U.S. state), Flora of Alabama, Flora of Tennessee, All stub articles, Asteraceae stubs). ...
... is a species of perennial plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to Zimbabwe. "Vernonia aosteana Buscal ... Vernonia, Flora of Zimbabwe, All stub articles, Asteraceae stubs). ...
Vernonia acaulis Vernonia arkansana Vernonia angustifolia Vernonia baldwinii Vernonia blodgettii Vernonia fasciculata Vernonia ... Vernonia gigantea or Vernonia altissima Vernonia glauca Vernonia larseniae Vernonia lettermannii Vernonia lindheimeri Vernonia ... Vernonia missurica Vernonia noveboracensis Vernonia proctorii Vernonia pulchella Vernonia texana Vernonia nonoensis Vernonia ... Vernonia scorpioides Vernonia condensata Vernonia amygdalina Vernonia calvoana Vernonia colorata Vernonia galamensis Vernonia ...
Vernonia gigantea. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, ... Vernonia gigantea. Taxonavigation[edit]. Taxonavigation: Asterales Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum ... USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Vernonia gigantea in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U. ... Vernonia gigantea in The Plant List Version 1.1. Published online. Accessed: 2018 Jun. 01. ...
Vernonia species Vernonia mumpullensis Name. Synonyms. Vernonia milne-redheadii Wild. Homonyms. Vernonia mumpullensis Hiern. ... Vernonia mumpullensis Hiern Dataset GBIF Backbone Taxonomy Rank SPECIES Published in Hiern. (1898). In: Cat. Afr. Pl. (Welw.) 1 ...
... Latin Name Pronunciation: ver-no-nee-ah. Best in full sun (or partial shade in the South) and ...
Vernonia lettermannii Iron Butterfly is a well-branched, shorter Ironweed thats beautiful massed in meadows and mixed ... Vernonia lettermannii Iron Butterfly is a well-branched, shorter Ironweed thats beautiful massed in meadows and mixed ...
... private park located in the foothills of the Oregon Coast Range less than 45 minutes from Portland and on the Banks-Vernonia ... private park located in the foothills of the Oregon Coast Range less than 45 minutes from Portland and on the Banks-Vernonia ...
Vernonia fasciculata. Named for its tough stem, Ironweed has excellent upright form in the garden. The intense purple bloom ...
Giant Ironweed is a versatile perennial, growing in dry to moist soils from prairies to roadsides and woodlands. This native perennial provides food for birds, a nesting environment for woodcocks and its prolific purple blooms attract a variety of pollinators. This vibrant perennial grows to be 9 tall and blooms from July to September, multiplying steadily each year. All of the seed we handle at American Meadows is non-GMO, neonicotinoid-free and guaranteed to grow. Perennial
... when her Apple device alerted first responders about the crash in Vernonia on Friday. ... VERNONIA, Ore. (KPTV) - A woman was rescued after driving off a 30-foot embankment, when her Apple device alerted first ... Charollette Tannery with Vernonia Rural Fire Protection District said this rescue was a first for their department. ... Kendrick Leaverton, also with Vernonia Rural Fire, said, "We activated the rope rescue teams through mutual aid agreements with ...
Flora of Botswana: Vernonia. Flora of Caprivi: Vernonia. Flora of Caprivi: cultivated Vernonia. Flora of Malawi: Vernonia. ... Plants of the World Online: Vernonia. Tropicos: Vernonia. Wikipedia: Vernonia. Home. ,. List of families. ,. Asteraceae. ,. ... iNaturalist: Vernonia. IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Vernonia. JSTOR Plant Science: Vernonia. Mansfeld World Database ... EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Vernonia. GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Vernonia. Google: Web - Images - Scholar ...
Botanical name: Vernonia parryae Family: Asteraceae (Sunflower family). Mizoram Vernonia is an undershrub with branches thin, ... Mizoram Vernonia is known only from Mizoram. Flowering: October-January. Identification credit: J.M. Garg. Photographed in ...
Case opinion for US Supreme Court VERNONIA SCHOOL DIST. 47J v. ACTON. Read the Courts full decision on FindLaw. ... VERNONIA SCHOOL DIST. 47J v. ACTON, 515 U.S. 646 (1995). United States Supreme Court. VERNONIA SCHOOL DIST. 47J v. ACTON(1995) ... We may note that the primary guardians of Vernonias schoolchildren appear to agree. The record shows no [ VERNONIA SCHOOL DIST ... Between 1988 and 1989 the number of disciplinary referrals in Vernonia [ VERNONIA SCHOOL DIST. 47J v. ACTON, ___ U.S. ___ (1995 ...
The Vernonia Ugly Sweater Run is on Saturday December 12, 2020. ... Vernonia Ugly Sweater Run Sat December 12, 2020 Vernonia, OR ... The Annual Vernonia Ugly Sweater Run is sure to delight. Find your best ugly Christmas sweater and take it for a tour around ... Come run in Vernonia! There will be no chip timing this year. This is a fun run. This race benefits the Intercultural Society ... Hop in the sleigh and come to Vernonia for the day.. THIS RACE IS HAPPENING IN PERSON! Registration will cap at 50 in person ...
Iron Butterfly Vernonia lettermanii Iron Butterfly. >","startOffset":"-5"}},"width":"750","height":"230"} style="max-width: ...
Title 9 - Vernonia Land Development Code. Vernonia Library. Miscellaneous Documents and Files. 1001 Bridge Street Vernonia, OR ... The City of Vernonia is an Equal Opportunity Employer and Provider Copyright © 2023 City of Vernonia Made with and in Vernonia ... Area Resources Vernonias Voice Visit Vernonia Intercultural Society of Vernonia Keep It Local Businesses ... The City of Vernonia uses Google Drive to store and share ordinances, forms, meeting agendas and minutes, and other documents. ...
Iron Butterfly Vernonia lettermanii Iron Butterfly. >","startOffset":"-5"}},"width":"750","height":"230"} style="max-width: ...
The City of Vernonia is an Equal Opportunity Employer and Provider Copyright © 2023 City of Vernonia Made with and in Vernonia ... Area Resources Vernonias Voice Visit Vernonia Intercultural Society of Vernonia Keep It Local Businesses ... The City of Vernonia partners with Northwest Code Professionals to provide building department services. Northwest Code ...
Vernonia School Dist. 47J v. Acton: A public school does not violate the Fourth Amendment when it chooses to randomly test ... Justia › U.S. Law › U.S. Case Law › U.S. Supreme Court › Opinions by Volume › Volume 515 › Vernonia School Dist. 47J v. Acton ... In Vernonias public schools, they must submit to a preseason physical exam (James testified that his included the giving of a ... Petitioner Vernonia School District 47J (District) operates one high school and three grade schools in the logging community of ...
Vernonia, 1 miles away Anderson City Park, Vernonia, 3 miles away Cedar Ridge, Vernonia, 4 miles away Vernonia Lake, Vernonia, ... Big Eddy County Park, Vernonia, 5 miles away L L Stub Stewart State Park - Hares Canyon Horse Camp, Buxton, 5 miles away L L ... Class I-II - 10 miles long (Upper Nehalem to Vernonia). Rock Creek, Columbia County, 6 miles away Class I-II(III) - 12.2 miles ... Class I(II) - 25.9 miles long (Vernonia to Birkenfeld). Nehalem River, Columbia County, 3 miles away ...
Vernonia angustifolia, SC Ecotype. Tall Ironweed, SC Ecotype Showy clump-forming species. ...
Map of the Vernonia Half Marathon course in Vernonia, Oregon, with an elevation profile of the race route. ...
locations.familysearch.org/en/us/or/vernonia/1350-east-knott-street Address. 1350 East Knott Street, Vernonia, OR 97064-9711. ... FamilySearch center 1350 East Knott Street, Vernonia, OR, 97064-9711. Im Looking For. ...
BASIONYM: Vernonia scaberrima Nuttall 1818.. Vernonia angustifolia var. mohrii Vernonia angustifolia Michaux, var. mohrii S. B ... BASIONYM: Vernonia angustifolia Michaux, var. mohrii S. B. Jones 1964.. Vernonia angustifolia subsp. scaberrima Vernonia ... BASIONYM: Vernonia scaberrima Nuttall 1818.. Vernonia graminifolia Vernonia graminifolia C. Mohr, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 6: ... BASIONYM: Vernonia angustifolia Michaux 1803.. Vernonia scaberrima Vernonia scaberrima Nuttall, Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 2: 134. 1818. ...
Downtown, Mount Vernon, IA Status: Updated 7/25/2023 ... more. An Art Show organized by Mount Vernon Area Arts Council.. This ...
Real Estate Agents in Vernonia, OR who can help you sell or buy a home. HomeLight helps you connect with the top 5% near you. ... in Vernonia, OR. Need a real estate agent in Vernonia, OR? HomeLight compares objective performance data from all 301 of the ... Vernonia, OR. We analyze millions of home. sales to find the best performing real estate agents & REALTORS® for your ... Vernonia, OR. real estate agent. stats at a glance. For SellersFor Buyers ...
Vernonia sp.. C. Maknoi, W. Pongamornkul, P. Yadee L5 258. 165. 90467. Vernonia sp.. C. Maknoi, W. Pongamornkul, P. Yadee L5 ... Vernonia sp.. C. Maknoi, W. Pongamornkul, P. Yadee L5 183. 167. 90300. Vernonia sp.. C. Maknoi, W. Pongamornkul, P. Yadee L5 ... Vernonia sp.. P. Phaosrichai 323. 171. 92659. Vernonia sp.. W. Tanming, C. Maknoi, P. Yadee, P. Ngaosumat, S. Soulinnaphou L6 ... Vernonia sp.. N. Muangyen 2790. 219. 122693. Vernonia sp.. W. Tanming, P. Yadee, W. Thamarong, V. Mouaxayvang, N. Tathana L14 ...
Todays weather forecast for Vernonia, Oregon
  • Vernonia is a genus of about 350 species of forbs and shrubs in the family Asteraceae. (wikipedia.org)
  • Vernonia galamensis , originated from Africa, is an annual oleaginous plant of Asteraceae family. (researchsquare.com)
  • Vernonia amygdalina is used in traditional herbal medicine. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the present study, the antimicrobial activity of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Rwandan plants Vernonia aemulans , Vernonia amygdalina , Lantana camara and Markhamia lutea leaves were tested against Escherichia coli , Bacillus subtilis , Staphylococcus aureus , Salmonella typhimurium and Sacharomyces cerevisiae . (scialert.net)
  • Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Inhibisi Enzim αglukosidase Ekstrak dan Fraksi dari Daun dan Batang Afrika (Vernonia amygdalina). (ipb.ac.id)
  • Stigmastane-type steroid saponins from the leaves of Vernonia amygdalina and their α -glucosidase and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities. (bvsalud.org)
  • Two new vernonioside K (1) and vernonioside L (2) and four known Δ7,9(11) stigmastane-type steroidal saponins -vernonioside B2 (3), vernoniacum B (4), vernonioside B1 (5), and vernoamyoside A (6)-were isolated from the leaves of Vernonia amygdalina. (bvsalud.org)
  • Vernonia lettermannii 'Iron Butterfly' is a well-branched, shorter Ironweed that's beautiful massed in meadows and mixed borders. (whiteflowerfarm.com)
  • Vernonia lettermannii 'Iron Butterfly' is a low mounding perennial wildflower with narrow fine textured foliage. (newmoonnursery.com)
  • The parent species Vernonia lettermannii occurs in Arkansas and Oklahoma. (newmoonnursery.com)
  • Vernonia lettermannii 'Iron Butterfly' is a compact densely branched perennial wildflower. (newmoonnursery.com)
  • Vernonia lettermannii 'Iron Butterfly' prefers sunny sites with average to dry soils. (newmoonnursery.com)
  • In bloom or simply in leaf, Vernonia lettermannii 'Iron Butterfly' is a dramatic Accent for a Wildlife Garden or Meadow. (newmoonnursery.com)
  • Try pairing Vernonia lettermannii 'Iron Butterfly' with Baptisia australis, Asclepias tuberosa, Ceanothus americanus, Monarda fistulosa or Rudbeckia hirta . (newmoonnursery.com)
  • In addition to Vernonia lettermannii , species of Poa , Stipa and Crataegus are named for him. (newmoonnursery.com)
  • Vernonia lettermannii 'Iron Butterfly' is one of Piet Oudolf's "Must Have" plants and is massed at New York City's Highline and Chicago's Lurie Garden. (newmoonnursery.com)
  • For instance, the Flora of North America recognizes only about twenty species in Vernonia sensu stricto, seventeen of which are in North America north of Mexico, with the others being found in South America. (wikipedia.org)
  • Vernonia species are well known for hybridizing between similar species in areas of overlapping ranges. (wikipedia.org)
  • Vernonia species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Coleophora vernoniaeella (which feeds exclusively on the genus) and Schinia regia (which feeds exclusively on V. texana). (wikipedia.org)
  • Based on these studies, a number of segregate genera have been proposed for African species of Vernonia . (co.zw)
  • To date, this process is not complete and for the time being we have retained the use of the genus Vernonia , but have added the new genus and species names as synonyms in cases where these are known to us. (co.zw)
  • The genus name of Vernonia is in honour of William Vernon (1666/67 - ca.1711), who was an English plant collector, (bryologist) and entomologist from Cambridge University, who collected in Maryland, USA in 1698. (wikipedia.org)
  • Studies, since the 1970s, based on chromosome counts, chemistry, pollen and DNA, have shown that the genus Vernonia is paraphyletic with two centres of origin, one in S America and one in Africa and SE Asia (Herman & Swelankomo, 2011). (co.zw)
  • 8751.000 Vernonia Schreb. (co.zw)
  • Vernonia gigantea in The Plant List Version 1.1. (wikimedia.org)
  • Vernonia gigantea in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) , U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. (wikimedia.org)
  • Vernonia galamensis is used as an oilseed in East Africa. (wikipedia.org)
  • BASIONYM: Vernonia angustifolia Michaux 1803. (usf.edu)
  • The test product contains the following: Gotukola (Centella asiatica), Monarakudumbiya (Vernonia cinerea), Nelli (Phyllanthus emblica), Sandalwood (Santalum album), Stamens of Lotus flowers (Nelumbo nucifera), Stamens of Na flowers (Mesua ferrea) and Shea butter (Butyrospermum parkii) as herbal actives and non herbal actives are natural vitamin E (tocopheryl acetate), palmitoyl tripeptide-1, palmitoyl tetrapeptide-7, sodium ascorbyl phosphate and vitamin A palmitate (retinyl palmitate). (who.int)
  • An eco-friendly private park located in the foothills of the Oregon Coast Range less than 45 minutes from Portland and on the Banks-Vernonia State Trail offering yurt glamping rentals, bike rentals, company retreats, group campouts, food services and a wedding venue. (traveloregon.com)
  • Only about an hour drive from Portland is a 21 mile rail-to-trail paved path the Banks-Vernonia State Trail providing a fun bike ride in the Pacific Coast Range of Oregon. (colbachlaw.com)
  • Banks-Vernonia State Trail is definitely a fun choice. (colbachlaw.com)
  • Flora of North America: Vernonia Burkhardt, Lotte (2022). (wikipedia.org)
  • 8. Vernonieae (Vernonia). (co.zw)
  • Vernonia granienifolia Trelease ex Branner & Coville, Rep. (Annual) Geol. (usf.edu)
  • The Student Athlete Drug Policy adopted by School District 47J in the town of Vernonia, Oregon, authorizes random urinalysis drug testing of students who participate in the District's school athletics programs. (findlaw.com)
  • The leaves can vary from quite small up to four feet (1.2 meters) long by up to 15 inches (38 centimeters) in width in the case of Vernonia conferta of Cameroon. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is reported that the Ethiopian strains of Vernonia have the highest oil content, up to 41.9% with up to 80% vernolic acid, and is used in paint formulations, coatings plasticizers, and as a reagent for many industrial chemicals. (wikipedia.org)
  • Vernonia is best suited to well-drained sandy soil that may be nutrient-poor. (echocommunity.org)
  • Find your best ugly Christmas sweater and take it for a tour around the Vernonia Lake. (runsignup.com)
  • When Ashly's Apple device sensed she might have been in an accident, it automatically alerted the Columbia 911 Communications District and sent them her location, leading Vernonia Rural Fire Protection District and Metro West Ambulance-Hillsboro to the scene. (kptv.com)