Venous pressure. Medical search

The blood pressure in the VEINS. It is usually measured to assess the filling PRESSURE to the HEART VENTRICLE.

The blood pressure in the central large VEINS of the body. It is distinguished from peripheral venous pressure which occurs in an extremity.

A type of stress exerted uniformly in all directions. Its measure is the force exerted per unit area. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.

The venous pressure measured in the PORTAL VEIN.

The pressure due to the weight of fluid.

Techniques for measuring blood pressure.

The movement and the forces involved in the movement of the blood through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.

Transducers that are activated by pressure changes, e.g., blood pressure.

Abnormal increase of resistance to blood flow within the hepatic PORTAL SYSTEM, frequently seen in LIVER CIRRHOSIS and conditions with obstruction of the PORTAL VEIN.

The vascular resistance to the flow of BLOOD through the CAPILLARIES portions of the peripheral vascular bed.

Pressure within the cranial cavity. It is influenced by brain mass, the circulatory system, CSF dynamics, and skull rigidity.

Veins in the neck which drain the brain, face, and neck into the brachiocephalic or subclavian veins.

The force that opposes the flow of BLOOD through a vascular bed. It is equal to the difference in BLOOD PRESSURE across the vascular bed divided by the CARDIAC OUTPUT.

The number of times the HEART VENTRICLES contract per unit of time, usually per minute.

The pressure of the fluids in the eye.

The flow of BLOOD through or around an organ or region of the body.

The volume of BLOOD passing through the HEART per unit of time. It is usually expressed as liters (volume) per minute so as not to be confused with STROKE VOLUME (volume per beat).

The vessels carrying blood away from the capillary beds.

Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.

The blood pressure as recorded after wedging a CATHETER in a small PULMONARY ARTERY; believed to reflect the PRESSURE in the pulmonary CAPILLARIES.

The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)

Volume of circulating BLOOD. It is the sum of the PLASMA VOLUME and ERYTHROCYTE VOLUME.

Veins which drain the liver.

The blood pressure in the ARTERIES. It is commonly measured with a SPHYGMOMANOMETER on the upper arm which represents the arterial pressure in the BRACHIAL ARTERY.

Impaired venous blood flow or venous return (venous stasis), usually caused by inadequate venous valves. Venous insufficiency often occurs in the legs, and is associated with EDEMA and sometimes with VENOUS STASIS ULCERS at the ankle.

The circulation of BLOOD through the LIVER.

Method in which repeated blood pressure readings are made while the patient undergoes normal daily activities. It allows quantitative analysis of the high blood pressure load over time, can help distinguish between types of HYPERTENSION, and can assess the effectiveness of antihypertensive therapy.

Any liquid used to replace blood plasma, usually a saline solution, often with serum albumins, dextrans or other preparations. These substances do not enhance the oxygen- carrying capacity of blood, but merely replace the volume. They are also used to treat dehydration.

The measure of a BLOOD VESSEL's ability to increase the volume of BLOOD it holds without a large increase in BLOOD PRESSURE. The vascular capacitance is equal to the change in volume divided by the change in pressure.

Recording of change in the size of a part as modified by the circulation in it.

External decompression applied to the lower body. It is used to study orthostatic intolerance and the effects of gravitation and acceleration, to produce simulated hemorrhage in physiologic research, to assess cardiovascular function, and to reduce abdominal stress during childbirth.

Therapy whose basic objective is to restore the volume and composition of the body fluids to normal with respect to WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE. Fluids may be administered intravenously, orally, by intermittent gavage, or by HYPODERMOCLYSIS.

The force per unit area that the air exerts on any surface in contact with it. Primarily used for articles pertaining to air pressure within a closed environment.

The pressure at any point in an atmosphere due solely to the weight of the atmospheric gases above the point concerned.

A short thick vein formed by union of the superior mesenteric vein and the splenic vein.

The position or attitude of the body.

The constant checking on the state or condition of a patient during the course of a surgical operation (e.g., checking of vital signs).

An abnormally low volume of blood circulating through the body. It may result in hypovolemic shock (see SHOCK).

Manometric pressure of the CEREBROSPINAL FLUID as measured by lumbar, cerebroventricular, or cisternal puncture. Within the cranial cavity it is called INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE.

The circulation of blood through the BLOOD VESSELS supplying the abdominal VISCERA.

Devices for the compression of a blood vessel by application around an extremity to control the circulation and prevent the flow of blood to or from the distal area. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules.

The thoracolumbar division of the autonomic nervous system. Sympathetic preganglionic fibers originate in neurons of the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord and project to the paravertebral and prevertebral ganglia, which in turn project to target organs. The sympathetic nervous system mediates the body's response to stressful situations, i.e., the fight or flight reactions. It often acts reciprocally to the parasympathetic system.

Dilated blood vessels in the ESOPHAGUS or GASTRIC FUNDUS that shunt blood from the portal circulation (PORTAL SYSTEM) to the systemic venous circulation. Often they are observed in individuals with portal hypertension (HYPERTENSION, PORTAL).

The movement of the BLOOD as it is pumped through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

The pressure within a CARDIAC VENTRICLE. Ventricular pressure waveforms can be measured in the beating heart by catheterization or estimated using imaging techniques (e.g., DOPPLER ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY). The information is useful in evaluating the function of the MYOCARDIUM; CARDIAC VALVES; and PERICARDIUM, particularly with simultaneous measurement of other (e.g., aortic or atrial) pressures.

Receptors in the vascular system, particularly the aorta and carotid sinus, which are sensitive to stretch of the vessel walls.

A system of vessels in which blood, after passing through one capillary bed, is conveyed through a second set of capillaries before it returns to the systemic circulation. It pertains especially to the hepatic portal system.

The inferior part of the lower extremity between the KNEE and the ANKLE.

Drugs used in the treatment of acute or chronic vascular HYPERTENSION regardless of pharmacological mechanism. Among the antihypertensive agents are DIURETICS; (especially DIURETICS, THIAZIDE); ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS; ADRENERGIC ALPHA-ANTAGONISTS; ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS; GANGLIONIC BLOCKERS; and VASODILATOR AGENTS.

Abnormally low BLOOD PRESSURE that can result in inadequate blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Common symptom is DIZZINESS but greater negative impacts on the body occur when there is prolonged depravation of oxygen and nutrients.

The posture of an individual lying face up.

The continuous measurement of physiological processes, blood pressure, heart rate, renal output, reflexes, respiration, etc., in a patient or experimental animal; includes pharmacologic monitoring, the measurement of administered drugs or their metabolites in the blood, tissues, or urine.

Starches that have been chemically modified so that a percentage of OH groups are substituted with 2-hydroxyethyl ether groups.

Posture while lying with the head lower than the rest of the body. Extended time in this position is associated with temporary physiologic disturbances.

The pressure required to prevent the passage of solvent through a semipermeable membrane that separates a pure solvent from a solution of the solvent and solute or that separates different concentrations of a solution. It is proportional to the osmolality of the solution.

A value equal to the total volume flow divided by the cross-sectional area of the vascular bed.

A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures.

The vein accompanying the femoral artery in the same sheath; it is a continuation of the popliteal vein and becomes the external iliac vein.

Distensibility measure of a chamber such as the lungs (LUNG COMPLIANCE) or bladder. Compliance is expressed as a change in volume per unit change in pressure.

A method of mechanical ventilation in which pressure is maintained to increase the volume of gas remaining in the lungs at the end of expiration, thus reducing the shunting of blood through the lungs and improving gas exchange.

Enlarged and tortuous VEINS.

Solutions having the same osmotic pressure as blood serum, or another solution with which they are compared. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed & Dorland, 28th ed)

An involuntary movement or exercise of function in a part, excited in response to a stimulus applied to the periphery and transmitted to the brain or spinal cord.

The white, opaque, fibrous, outer tunic of the eyeball, covering it entirely excepting the segment covered anteriorly by the cornea. It is essentially avascular but contains apertures for vessels, lymphatics, and nerves. It receives the tendons of insertion of the extraocular muscles and at the corneoscleral junction contains the canal of Schlemm. (From Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)

Procedure in which patients are induced into an unconscious state through use of various medications so that they do not feel pain during surgery.

A response by the BARORECEPTORS to increased BLOOD PRESSURE. Increased pressure stretches BLOOD VESSELS which activates the baroreceptors in the vessel walls. The net response of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM is a reduction of central sympathetic outflow. This reduces blood pressure both by decreasing peripheral VASCULAR RESISTANCE and by lowering CARDIAC OUTPUT. Because the baroreceptors are tonically active, the baroreflex can compensate rapidly for both increases and decreases in blood pressure.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

Post-systolic relaxation of the HEART, especially the HEART VENTRICLES.

The hollow, muscular organ that maintains the circulation of the blood.

The act of constricting.

The venous trunk which returns blood from the head, neck, upper extremities and chest.

An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.

Skin breakdown or ulceration caused by VARICOSE VEINS in which there is too much hydrostatic pressure in the superficial venous system of the leg. Venous hypertension leads to increased pressure in the capillary bed, transudation of fluid and proteins into the interstitial space, altering blood flow and supply of nutrients to the skin and subcutaneous tissues, and eventual ulceration.

The act of breathing with the LUNGS, consisting of INHALATION, or the taking into the lungs of the ambient air, and of EXHALATION, or the expelling of the modified air which contains more CARBON DIOXIDE than the air taken in (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed.). This does not include tissue respiration (= OXYGEN CONSUMPTION) or cell respiration (= CELL RESPIRATION).

The vein formed by the union of the anterior and posterior tibial veins; it courses through the popliteal space and becomes the femoral vein.

Blocking of a blood vessel by air bubbles that enter the circulatory system, usually after TRAUMA; surgical procedures, or changes in atmospheric pressure.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of the cardiovascular system, processes, or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers and other electronic equipment.

The venous trunk which receives blood from the lower extremities and from the pelvic and abdominal organs.

Part of the arm in humans and primates extending from the ELBOW to the WRIST.

Short thick veins which return blood from the kidneys to the vena cava.

A procedure in which total right atrial or total caval blood flow is channeled directly into the pulmonary artery or into a small right ventricle that serves only as a conduit. The principal congenital malformations for which this operation is useful are TRICUSPID ATRESIA and single ventricle with pulmonary stenosis.

The circulation of the BLOOD through the LUNGS.

A local anesthetic of the ester type that has a rapid onset of action and a longer duration of action than procaine hydrochloride. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1017)

The distal extremity of the leg in vertebrates, consisting of the tarsus (ANKLE); METATARSUS; phalanges; and the soft tissues surrounding these bones.

Placement of an intravenous CATHETER in the subclavian, jugular, or other central vein.

The short wide vessel arising from the conus arteriosus of the right ventricle and conveying unaerated blood to the lungs.

Excessive accumulation of extravascular fluid in the lung, an indication of a serious underlying disease or disorder. Pulmonary edema prevents efficient PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE in the PULMONARY ALVEOLI, and can be life-threatening.

The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the RIGHT ATRIUM.

The vessels carrying blood away from the heart.

The HEART and the BLOOD VESSELS by which BLOOD is pumped and circulated through the body.

Period of contraction of the HEART, especially of the HEART VENTRICLES.

Two-phase systems in which one is uniformly dispersed in another as particles small enough so they cannot be filtered or will not settle out. The dispersing or continuous phase or medium envelops the particles of the discontinuous phase. All three states of matter can form colloids among each other.

Diversion of the flow of blood from the entrance to the right atrium directly to the pulmonary arteries, avoiding the right atrium and right ventricle (Dorland, 28th ed). This a permanent procedure often performed to bypass a congenitally deformed right atrium or right ventricle.

A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.

Insertion of a catheter into a peripheral artery, vein, or airway for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.

Method for determining the circulating blood volume by introducing a known quantity of foreign substance into the blood and determining its concentration some minutes later when thorough mixing has occurred. From these two values the blood volume can be calculated by dividing the quantity of injected material by its concentration in the blood at the time of uniform mixing. Generally expressed as cubic centimeters or liters per kilogram of body weight.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

Treatment process involving the injection of fluid into an organ or tissue.

Precursor of epinephrine that is secreted by the adrenal medulla and is a widespread central and autonomic neurotransmitter. Norepinephrine is the principal transmitter of most postganglionic sympathetic fibers and of the diffuse projection system in the brain arising from the locus ceruleus. It is also found in plants and is used pharmacologically as a sympathomimetic.

A pathological condition manifested by failure to perfuse or oxygenate vital organs.

A vein which arises from the right ascending lumbar vein or the vena cava, enters the thorax through the aortic orifice in the diaphragm, and terminates in the superior vena cava.

Bleeding in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM.

Patient care procedures performed during the operation that are ancillary to the actual surgery. It includes monitoring, fluid therapy, medication, transfusion, anesthesia, radiography, and laboratory tests.

FIBROSIS of the hepatic parenchyma due to chronic excess ALCOHOL DRINKING.

Maintenance of blood flow to an organ despite obstruction of a principal vessel. Blood flow is maintained through small vessels.

The physiological narrowing of BLOOD VESSELS by contraction of the VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE.

Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.

A highly specific (Leu-Leu) endopeptidase that generates ANGIOTENSIN I from its precursor ANGIOTENSINOGEN, leading to a cascade of reactions which elevate BLOOD PRESSURE and increase sodium retention by the kidney in the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM. The enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.4.99.19.

A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.

The condition of an anatomical structure's being constricted beyond normal dimensions.

Surgical venous shunt between the portal and systemic circulation to effect decompression of the portal circulation. It is performed primarily in the treatment of bleeding esophageal varices resulting from portal hypertension. Types of shunt include portacaval, splenorenal, mesocaval, splenocaval, left gastric-caval (coronary-caval), portarenal, umbilicorenal, and umbilicocaval.

Drugs used to cause dilation of the blood vessels.

Stable cesium atoms that have the same atomic number as the element cesium, but differ in atomic weight. Cs-133 is a naturally occurring isotope.

The circulation of blood through the BLOOD VESSELS of the BRAIN.

A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.

The volume of packed RED BLOOD CELLS in a blood specimen. The volume is measured by centrifugation in a tube with graduated markings, or with automated blood cell counters. It is an indicator of erythrocyte status in disease. For example, ANEMIA shows a low value; POLYCYTHEMIA, a high value.

The clear, watery fluid which fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye. It has a refractive index lower than the crystalline lens, which it surrounds, and is involved in the metabolism of the cornea and the crystalline lens. (Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed, p319)

Measurement of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood.

The circulation of the BLOOD through the MICROVASCULAR NETWORK.

The rhythmical expansion and contraction of an ARTERY produced by waves of pressure caused by the ejection of BLOOD from the left ventricle of the HEART as it contracts.

The interstitial fluid that is in the LYMPHATIC SYSTEM.

A ubiquitous sodium salt that is commonly used to season food.

A potent natriuretic and vasodilatory peptide or mixture of different-sized low molecular weight PEPTIDES derived from a common precursor and secreted mainly by the HEART ATRIUM. All these peptides share a sequence of about 20 AMINO ACIDS.

Placement of a balloon-tipped catheter into the pulmonary artery through the antecubital, subclavian, and sometimes the femoral vein. It is used to measure pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary artery wedge pressure which reflects left atrial pressure and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure. The catheter is threaded into the right atrium, the balloon is inflated and the catheter follows the blood flow through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle and out into the pulmonary artery.

Veins draining the cerebrum.

The circulation of blood through the CORONARY VESSELS of the HEART.

Procedures in which placement of CARDIAC CATHETERS is performed for therapeutic or diagnostic procedures.

Any method of artificial breathing that employs mechanical or non-mechanical means to force the air into and out of the lungs. Artificial respiration or ventilation is used in individuals who have stopped breathing or have RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY to increase their intake of oxygen (O2) and excretion of carbon dioxide (CO2).

Pathological elevation of intra-abdominal pressure (>12 mm Hg). It may develop as a result of SEPSIS; PANCREATITIS; capillary leaks, burns, or surgery. When the pressure is higher than 20 mm Hg, often with end-organ dysfunction, it is referred to as abdominal compartment syndrome.

Use or insertion of a tubular device into a duct, blood vessel, hollow organ, or body cavity for injecting or withdrawing fluids for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. It differs from INTUBATION in that the tube here is used to restore or maintain patency in obstructions.

Excision of all or part of the liver. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Measurement of the pressure or tension of liquids or gases with a manometer.

The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the HEART ATRIA.

Loss of blood during a surgical procedure.

A non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist with a long half-life, used in cardiovascular disease to treat arrhythmias, angina pectoris, and hypertension. Nadolol is also used for MIGRAINE DISORDERS and for tremor.

The physical or mechanical action of the LUNGS; DIAPHRAGM; RIBS; and CHEST WALL during respiration. It includes airflow, lung volume, neural and reflex controls, mechanoreceptors, breathing patterns, etc.

Symptoms of cerebral hypoperfusion or autonomic overaction which develop while the subject is standing, but are relieved on recumbency. Types of this include NEUROCARDIOGENIC SYNCOPE; POSTURAL ORTHOSTATIC TACHYCARDIA SYNDROME; and neurogenic ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION. (From Noseworthy, JH., Neurological Therapeutics Principles and Practice, 2007, p2575-2576)

The active sympathomimetic hormone from the ADRENAL MEDULLA. It stimulates both the alpha- and beta- adrenergic systems, causes systemic VASOCONSTRICTION and gastrointestinal relaxation, stimulates the HEART, and dilates BRONCHI and cerebral vessels. It is used in ASTHMA and CARDIAC FAILURE and to delay absorption of local ANESTHETICS.

The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.

A system of organs and tissues that process and transport immune cells and LYMPH.

The period of care beginning when the patient is removed from surgery and aimed at meeting the patient's psychological and physical needs directly after surgery. (From Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)

The balance of fluid in the BODY FLUID COMPARTMENTS; total BODY WATER; BLOOD VOLUME; EXTRACELLULAR SPACE; INTRACELLULAR SPACE, maintained by processes in the body that regulate the intake and excretion of WATER and ELECTROLYTES, particularly SODIUM and POTASSIUM.

The rate at which oxygen is used by a tissue; microliters of oxygen STPD used per milligram of tissue per hour; the rate at which oxygen enters the blood from alveolar gas, equal in the steady state to the consumption of oxygen by tissue metabolism throughout the body. (Stedman, 25th ed, p346)

Reduction of blood viscosity usually by the addition of cell free solutions. Used clinically (1) in states of impaired microcirculation, (2) for replacement of intraoperative blood loss without homologous blood transfusion, and (3) in cardiopulmonary bypass and hypothermia.

The vein which drains the foot and leg.

The property of blood capillary ENDOTHELIUM that allows for the selective exchange of substances between the blood and surrounding tissues and through membranous barriers such as the BLOOD-AIR BARRIER; BLOOD-AQUEOUS BARRIER; BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER; BLOOD-NERVE BARRIER; BLOOD-RETINAL BARRIER; and BLOOD-TESTIS BARRIER. Small lipid-soluble molecules such as carbon dioxide and oxygen move freely by diffusion. Water and water-soluble molecules cannot pass through the endothelial walls and are dependent on microscopic pores. These pores show narrow areas (TIGHT JUNCTIONS) which may limit large molecule movement.

Deliberate introduction of air into the peritoneal cavity.

Pathological conditions in the INTESTINES that are characterized by the gastrointestinal loss of serum proteins, including SERUM ALBUMIN; IMMUNOGLOBULINS; and at times LYMPHOCYTES. Severe condition can result in HYPOGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA or LYMPHOPENIA. Protein-losing enteropathies are associated with a number of diseases including INTESTINAL LYMPHANGIECTASIS; WHIPPLE'S DISEASE; and NEOPLASMS of the SMALL INTESTINE.

A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.

The venous trunk of the upper limb; a continuation of the basilar and brachial veins running from the lower border of the teres major muscle to the outer border of the first rib where it becomes the subclavian vein.

Application of a ligature to tie a vessel or strangulate a part.

A technique of respiratory therapy, in either spontaneously breathing or mechanically ventilated patients, in which airway pressure is maintained above atmospheric pressure throughout the respiratory cycle by pressurization of the ventilatory circuit. (On-Line Medical Dictionary [Internet]. Newcastle upon Tyne(UK): The University Dept. of Medical Oncology: The CancerWEB Project; c1997-2003 [cited 2003 Apr 17]. Available from: http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/omd/)

Treatment of varicose veins, hemorrhoids, gastric and esophageal varices, and peptic ulcer hemorrhage by injection or infusion of chemical agents which cause localized thrombosis and eventual fibrosis and obliteration of the vessels.

Volume of PLASMA in the circulation. It is usually measured by INDICATOR DILUTION TECHNIQUES.

Diversion of the flow of blood from the entrance of the right atrium directly to the aorta (or femoral artery) via an oxygenator thus bypassing both the heart and lungs.

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

A powerful vasodilator used in emergencies to lower blood pressure or to improve cardiac function. It is also an indicator for free sulfhydryl groups in proteins.

Drugs used to cause constriction of the blood vessels.

Compression of the heart by accumulated fluid (PERICARDIAL EFFUSION) or blood (HEMOPERICARDIUM) in the PERICARDIUM surrounding the heart. The affected cardiac functions and CARDIAC OUTPUT can range from minimal to total hemodynamic collapse.

Procedure in which an anesthetic is injected into the epidural space.

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

Expenditure of energy during PHYSICAL ACTIVITY. Intensity of exertion may be measured by rate of OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; HEAT produced, or HEART RATE. Perceived exertion, a psychological measure of exertion, is included.

The physiological widening of BLOOD VESSELS by relaxing the underlying VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE.

The resection or removal of the nerve to an organ or part. (Dorland, 28th ed)

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

Ratings that express, in numerical values, the degree of impairment or abnormality in the function of specific organs.

An increase in the excretion of URINE. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

The main trunk of the systemic arteries.

An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent.

Vein formed by the union (at the hilus of the spleen) of several small veins from the stomach, pancreas, spleen and mesentery.

A change in cardiovascular function resulting in a reduction in BLOOD VOLUME, and reflex DIURESIS. It occurs frequently after actual or simulated WEIGHTLESSNESS.

The lower right and left chambers of the heart. The right ventricle pumps venous BLOOD into the LUNGS and the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the systemic arterial circulation.

The domestic cat, Felis catus, of the carnivore family FELIDAE, comprising over 30 different breeds. The domestic cat is descended primarily from the wild cat of Africa and extreme southwestern Asia. Though probably present in towns in Palestine as long ago as 7000 years, actual domestication occurred in Egypt about 4000 years ago. (From Walker's Mammals of the World, 6th ed, p801)

Increased VASCULAR RESISTANCE in the PULMONARY CIRCULATION, usually secondary to HEART DISEASES or LUNG DISEASES.

Measurement of light given off by fluorescein in order to assess the integrity of various ocular barriers. The method is used to investigate the blood-aqueous barrier, blood-retinal barrier, aqueous flow measurements, corneal endothelial permeability, and tear flow dynamics.

The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the right HEART VENTRICLE.

The amount of BLOOD pumped out of the HEART per beat, not to be confused with cardiac output (volume/time). It is calculated as the difference between the end-diastolic volume and the end-systolic volume.

A branch of the celiac artery that distributes to the stomach, pancreas, duodenum, liver, gallbladder, and greater omentum.

Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care. (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)

The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the left HEART VENTRICLE. Its measurement is an important aspect of the clinical evaluation of patients with heart disease to determine the effects of the disease on cardiac performance.

Drugs that bind to but do not activate beta-adrenergic receptors thereby blocking the actions of beta-adrenergic agonists. Adrenergic beta-antagonists are used for treatment of hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, angina pectoris, glaucoma, migraine headaches, and anxiety.

A condition that occurs when the obstruction of the thin-walled SUPERIOR VENA CAVA interrupts blood flow from the head, upper extremities, and thorax to the RIGHT ATRIUM. Obstruction can be caused by NEOPLASMS; THROMBOSIS; ANEURYSM; or external compression. The syndrome is characterized by swelling and/or CYANOSIS of the face, neck, and upper arms.

Sepsis associated with HYPOTENSION or hypoperfusion despite adequate fluid resuscitation. Perfusion abnormalities may include, but are not limited to LACTIC ACIDOSIS; OLIGURIA; or acute alteration in mental status.

A class of statistical methods applicable to a large set of probability distributions used to test for correlation, location, independence, etc. In most nonparametric statistical tests, the original scores or observations are replaced by another variable containing less information. An important class of nonparametric tests employs the ordinal properties of the data. Another class of tests uses information about whether an observation is above or below some fixed value such as the median, and a third class is based on the frequency of the occurrence of runs in the data. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1284; Corsini, Concise Encyclopedia of Psychology, 1987, p764-5)

The main artery of the thigh, a continuation of the external iliac artery.

Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE.

Surgery performed on the heart.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.

Advanced and highly specialized care provided to medical or surgical patients whose conditions are life-threatening and require comprehensive care and constant monitoring. It is usually administered in specially equipped units of a health care facility.

An octapeptide that is a potent but labile vasoconstrictor. It is produced from angiotensin I after the removal of two amino acids at the C-terminal by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME. The amino acid in position 5 varies in different species. To block VASOCONSTRICTION and HYPERTENSION effect of angiotensin II, patients are often treated with ACE INHIBITORS or with ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKERS.

The interruption or removal of any part of the vagus (10th cranial) nerve. Vagotomy may be performed for research or for therapeutic purposes.

Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.

Radiographic visualization or recording of a vein after the injection of contrast medium.

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

The restoration to life or consciousness of one apparently dead. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Ultrasonic recording of the size, motion, and composition of the heart and surrounding tissues. The standard approach is transthoracic.

A vasodilator used in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS. Its actions are similar to NITROGLYCERIN but with a slower onset of action.

The veins that return the oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.

Effect of portal-systemic anastomosis on renal haemodynamics in cirrhosis. (1/366)

In 12 patients with portal hypertension and repeated bleedings from oesophageal varices the central haemodynamics, portal pressure, and mean renal blood flow (RBF) were investigated immediately before and two to seven months after portal-systemic shunt. Cardiac output increased significantly, whereas arterial pressure was unchanged after operation. RBF, which was initially less than in controls, did not change. As portal pressure decreased significantly, a direct portal-renal, neural, or humoral reflex mechanism does not explain the subnormal RBF in cirrhosis. As plasma volume was large and unchanged after operation a "diminished circulating plasma volume" is an unlikely explanation. Therefore, on the basis of the present observations, previously postulated causes of renal hypoperfusion in cirrhosis need revision. (+info)

Chronic retinal vein occlusion in glaucoma. (2/366)

Asymptomatic chronic retinal vein occlusion that occurs in chronic simple glaucoma is described. The condition is characterized by marked elevation of retinal vein pressure with collateral vessels and vein loops at the optic disc in cases of central vein occlusion, or retinal veno-venous anastomoses along a horizontal line temporal and nasal to the disc in hemisphere vein occlusion. No patient had visible arterial changes, capillary closure, fluorescein leakage, or haemorrhages. The vein occlusion was not limited to "end stage" glaucoma. The role of increased intraocular pressure and glaucomatous enlargement of the optic cup with retinal vein distortion in the pathogenesis of the condition was stressed. Follow-up of these patients revealed persistence of the retinal vein occlusion shown by elevated retinal vein pressures. This would reduce effective perfusion of the inner retina and optic disc and may affect the long-term visual prognosis. (+info)

Upright posture reduces forearm blood flow early in exercise. (3/366)

The hypothesis that upright posture could modulate forearm blood flow (FBF) early in exercise was tested in six subjects. Both single (2-s duration) and repeated (1-s work/2-s rest cadence for 12 contractions) handgrip contractions (12 kg) were performed in the supine and 70 degrees head-up tilt (HUT) positions. The arm was maintained at heart level to diminish myogenic effects. Baseline brachial artery diameters were assessed at rest in each position. Brachial artery mean blood velocity (MBV; Doppler) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) (Finapres) were measured continuously to calculate FBF and vascular conductance. MAP was not changed with posture. Antecubital venous pressure (Pv) was reduced in HUT (4.55 +/- 1.3 mmHg) compared with supine (11.3 +/- 1.9 mmHg) (P < 0.01). For the repeated contractions, total excess FBF (TEF) was reduced in the HUT position compared with supine (P < 0.02). With the single contractions, peak FBF, peak vascular conductance, and TEF during 30 s after release of the contraction were reduced in the HUT position compared with supine (P < 0.01). Sympathetic blockade augmented the FBF response to a single contraction in HUT (P < 0.05) and tended to increase this response while supine (P = 0.08). However, sympathetic blockade did not attenuate the effect of HUT on peak FBF and TEF after the single contractions. Raising the arm above heart level while supine, to diminish Pv, resulted in FBF dynamics that were similar to those observed during HUT. Alternatively, lowering the arm while in HUT to restore Pv to supine levels restored the peak FBF and vascular conductance responses, but not TEF response, after a single contraction. It was concluded that upright posture diminishes the hyperemic response early in exercise. The data demonstrate that sympathetic constriction restrains the hyperemic response to a single contraction but does not modulate the postural reduction in postcontraction hyperemia. Therefore, the attenuated blood flow response in the HUT posture was largely related to factors associated with diminished venous pressures and not sympathetic vasoconstriction. (+info)

Studies in calf venous pump function utilizing a two-valve experimental model. (4/366)

OBJECTIVES: to explore the hydrodynamic mechanisms involved in the regulation of ambulatory venous pressure. DESIGN: an experimental model of calf venous pump was constructed with collapsible tubes and valves. MATERIAL: the model consisted of a conduit and a pump with an intervening competent valve. Another valve that could allow reflux into the pump was mounted above the pump. METHODS: conduit pressure and recovery times were monitored under conditions of different degrees of ejection fraction and reflux into the pump. Model variables included using poorly compliant tubes for the pump, the conduit and for both the pump and conduit. RESULTS: the latex tube exhibited a non-linear volume-pressure relationship and a bi-modal regimen of compliance. This bestowed pressure-buffering properties. Ambulatory venous hypertension resulted when reflux beyond buffering capacity occurred. Substituting less compliant PTFE for latex at the pump had a relatively minor effect on post-ejection pressure and recovery times. Using PTFE at the conduit had a profound but divergent effect on both of these parameters. Conduit capacitance reduction had a similar effect. CONCLUSION: conduit elastance plays a significant role in the regulation of ambulatory venous pressure in this experimental model. The hydrodynamic principles illustrated by the model may enhance our understanding of the human calf venous pump. (+info)

Responses of group III and IV muscle afferents to distension of the peripheral vascular bed. (5/366)

This study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that group III and IV afferents with endings in skeletal muscle signal the distension of the peripheral vascular network. The responses of these slowly conducting afferents to pharmacologically induced vasodilation and to acute obstruction of the venous drainage of the hindlimbs were studied in barbiturate-anesthetized cats. Afferent impulses arising from endings in the triceps surae muscles were recorded from the L(7) and S(1) dorsal roots. Fifteen of the 48 group IV and 3 of the 19 group III afferents tested were stimulated by intra-aortic injections of papaverine (2-2.5 mg/kg). Sixty-two percent of the afferents that responded to papaverine also responded to isoproterenol (50 microg/kg). Seven of the 36 group IV and 2 of the 12 group III afferents tested were excited by acute distension of the hindlimb venous system. Four of the seven group IV afferents responding to venous distension also responded to papaverine (57 vs. 13% for the nonresponding). Finally, we observed that most of the group IV afferents that were excited by dynamic contractions of the triceps surae muscles also responded either to venous distension or to vasodilatory agents. These results are consistent with the histological findings that a large number of group IV endings have their receptive fields close to the venules and suggest that they can be stimulated by the deformation of these vascular structures when peripheral conductance increases. Moreover, such a mechanism offers the possibility of encoding both the effects of muscle contraction through intramuscular pressure changes and the distension of the venular system, thereby monitoring the activity of the veno-muscular pump. (+info)

Restrictive pericarditis. (6/366)

BACKGROUND: Pericardial thickening is an uncommon complication of cardiac surgery. OBJECTIVES: To study pericardial thickening as the cause of severe postoperative venous congestion. SUBJECTS: Two men, one with severe aortic stenosis and single coronary artery disease, and one with coronary artery disease after an old inferior infarction. Both had coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. METHODS: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Doppler echocardiography, and cardiac catheterisation. RESULTS: Venous pressure was raised in both patients. MRI showed mildly thickened pericardium, and cardiac catheterisation indicated diastolic equalization of pressures in the four chambers. Jugular venous pulse showed a dominant "Y" descent coinciding with early diastolic flow in the superior vena cava, and mitral and tricuspid Doppler forward flow proved restrictive physiology. The clinical background suggested pericardial disease so both patients had pericardiectomy. This proved the pericardium to be thickened; the extent of fibrosis also involved the epicardium. CONCLUSIONS: Although rare, restrictive pericarditis (restrictive ventricular physiology resulting from pericardial disease) should be considered to be a separate diagnostic entity because its pathological basis and treatment are different from intrinsic myocardial disease. This diagnosis may be confirmed by standard investigational techniques or may require diagnostic thoracotomy. (+info)

Effects of protamine on nitric oxide level in the pulmonary circulation. (7/366)

Protamine reversal of heparin anticoagulation often causes systemic hypotension by releasing nitric oxide (NO) from vascular endothelium. We investigated the hypothesis that protamine prevents severe pulmonary vasoconstriction by increasing NO. Twenty patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery were included in the study. Nitrite and nitrate levels--as end-metabolites of NO--were measured in blood samples obtained before and after protamine administration. Mean arterial pressure, heart rate, mean pulmonary artery pressure, central venous pressure and left atrial pressure were noted as hemodynamic data. Nitrite levels were 4.64 +/- 0.67 mumol in the right atrium and 4.84 +/- 0.95 mumol in the left atrium before protamine administration. The difference was insignificant statistically. These measurements were 4.85 +/- 0.92 in the right atrium and 5.28 +/- 0.66 mumol in the left atrium after protamine administration. This increase was significant (p < 0.05). The measurements of nitrate levels were completely parallel with those of nitrite. Mean arterial pressures were 78.9 +/- 7.59 mm-Hg before protamine and 74.1 +/- 8.55 mm-Hg after protamine (p = 0.03). The changes in other hemodynamic parameters were not significant. Protamine augments NO production and prevents the pulmonary circulation from possible vasoconstriction. (+info)

The effect of pregnancy on the lower-limb venous system of women with varicose veins. (8/366)

OBJECTIVES: to assess the effect of pregnancy on the lower-limb venous system of women with varicose veins. Design a longitudinal prospective study of 11 pregnant women, with varicose vein disease. METHODS: eleven pregnant women with varicose veins were recruited as part of a larger study. Veins were assessed in both lower limbs using colour-flow duplex scanning at a 75 degrees head-up tilt. The diameter and velocity and duration of reflux were measured in each vein at 12, 20, 26, 34, 38 weeks gestation and 6 weeks postpartum. RESULTS: eleven women had reflux and varicose veins demonstrated at first scan. All veins dilated with increasing gestation. This was maximal in the superficial system, reaching significance (p+info)

The jugular venous pressure is often used to assess the central venous pressure in the absence of invasive measurements (e.g. ... The jugular venous pressure (JVP, sometimes referred to as jugular venous pulse) is the indirectly observed pressure over the ... The v wave corresponds to venous filling when the tricuspid valve is closed and venous pressure increases from venous return - ... A 1996 systematic review concluded that a high jugular venous pressure makes a high central venous pressure more likely, but ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jugular_venous_pressure

... is the blood pressure in the hepatic portal vein, and is normally between 5-10 mmHg. Raised portal ... WHVP is used to estimate the portal venous pressure by reflecting not the actual hepatic portal vein pressure but the hepatic ... HVPG is a clinical measurement of the pressure gradient between the WHVP and the free hepatic venous pressures (FHPV), and thus ... Kumar, A.; Sharma, P.; Sarin, S. K. (2008). "Hepatic venous pressure gradient measurement: Time to learn!". Indian Journal of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal_venous_pressure

... and Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Monitoring Cardiovascular Physiology Central+Venous+Pressure at the US ... Central venous pressure (CVP) is the blood pressure in the venae cavae, near the right atrium of the heart. CVP reflects the ... Deep inhalation Distributive shock Hypovolemia Jugular venous pressure Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure "Central Venous ... ISBN 0-7817-7447-0. Venous function and central venous pressure: a physiologic story - a technical discussion of the more ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_venous_pressure

The value of ambulatory venous pressure measurements. In: Bergan JJ, Yao JST, editors. Surgery of the veins. Orlando: Grune & ... In that sense, venous blood has a greater ability to reflect light. When an arterial-venous fistulae is transluminated, there ... Venous disorders: a manual of diagnosis and treatment. Cidade: Saundres; 1995:41. Cranley, JJ. Diagnostic tests for venous ... Chronic venous thrombosis and venous insufficiency. In: Peripheral vascular sonography: a practical guide. Baltimore: Williams ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venous_translucence

Venous stasis causes the pressure in veins to increase. The body needs the pressure gradient between arteries and veins in ... Venous stasis results from damage to the vein valvular system in the lower extremity and in extreme cases allows the pressure ... When venous hypertension exists, arteries no longer have significantly higher pressure than veins, and blood is not pumped as ... that fails to heal spontaneously and is sustained by chronic venous disease, based on venous duplex ultrasound testing." Venous ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venous_ulcer

355(9199): p. 200-1 Gisolf, J., et al., Human cerebral venous outflow pathway depends on posture and central venous pressure. J ... The cerebrospinal venous system (CSVS) consists of the interconnected venous systems of the brain (the cerebral venous system) ... The vertebral venous plexus is involved in regulating intracranial pressure, transmitting the influence of the respiratory and ... cardiac pressures to the intracranial compartment and equalizing the pressures within the venous system.". The continuity of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebrospinal_venous_system

Valsalva maneuver - when the patient performs this maneuver, he or she, increases intra-abdominal venous pressure. If the great ... Particular veins of the deep venous system (DVS), and the superficial venous system (SVS) are looked at. The great saphenous ... Another problem when dealing with the superficial venous system, is that venous anatomy is not constant; the position of veins ... The wall thickness of the vein is significantly increased in venous reflux, being approximately 0.58 mm in venous reflux, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultrasonography_of_chronic_venous_insufficiency_of_the_legs

Measurement of episcleral venous pressure. Am J Ophthalmol 1978;85(1):35-42. Hayreh SS, March W, Phelps CD. Ocular hypotony ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_D._Phelps

XXVI, p. 1. Venous pressure of man in space. J.L. Duomarco; R. Rimini; Aerospace Medicine, Vol. 41 No. 2, February 1970. One of ... Central and peripheral venous pressure in normal and pathological conditions'); Buenos Aires: López Libreros Editores SRL; 1964 ... When already a renowned investigator, enthusiastic on space travel, Duomarco published in 1970 his last paper: "Venous Pressure ... Conclusively, this book is an outstanding contribution to the rational knowledge of venous pressure physiology and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/José_L._Duomarco

"Venous Function and Central Venous Pressure". Anesthesiology. 108 (4): 735-48. doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181672607. PMID 18362606 ... The tendency of the arteries and veins to stretch in response to pressure has a large effect on perfusion and blood pressure. ... Pressure stockings are sometimes used to externally reduce compliance, and thus keep blood from pooling in the legs. ... Venous compliance is approximately 30 times larger than arterial compliance. Compliance is calculated using the following ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compliance_(physiology)

AJR is a test for measuring jugular venous pressure (JVP) through the distention of the internal jugular vein. A positive AJR ... On an otherwise healthy individual, the jugular venous pressure remains constant or temporarily rises for a heartbeat or two, ... Does this patient have abnormal central venous pressure?". JAMA. 275 (8): 630-4. doi:10.1001/jama.1996.03530320054034. PMID ... or over the center of the abdomen for 10 seconds with a pressure of 20 to 35 mm Hg while observing the swelling of the internal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdominojugular_test

"The Effect of Venous Pressure on the Pulse". The Journal of Physiology. 21 (2-3): 147-159. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1897.sp000648. ... Hill's work on blood pressure led him to believe "the arterial pressure can be taken in man as rapidly, simply, and accurately ... Adjusting to pressure changes in ascents Douglas, C. G. (1953). "Leonard Erskine Hill. 1866-1952". Obituary Notices of Fellows ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Hill_(physiologist)

Fang, L; Baertschi, M; Mozaffarieh, M (Oct 2014). "The effect of Flammer syndrome on retinal venous pressure". BMC Ophthalmol. ... elevated retinal venous pressure, optic nerve compartmentalization, and fluctuating diffuse visual field defects. The ... "The effect of flammer-syndrome on venous retinal pressure". BMC Ophthalmology. 14: 121. doi:10.1186/1471-2415-14-121. PMC ... If blood pressure is very low, salt intake should be increased. Drugs that can lead to vasoconstriction should be avoided. If ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flammer_syndrome

... mean pulmonary venous pressure is ~5 mmHg. Local venous pressure falls to -5 at the apexes and rises to +15 mmHg at the bases, ... Permutt S, Bromberger-Barnea B, Bane HN (1962). "Alveolar Pressure, Pulmonary Venous Pressure, and the Vascular Waterfall". Med ... Pulmonary blood pressure is typically in the range 25-10 mmHg with a mean pressure of 15 mmHg. Regional arterial blood pressure ... Alveolar pressure (PA) at end expiration is equal to atmospheric pressure (0 cm H2O differential pressure, at zero flow), plus ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zones_of_the_lung

It also provides a route for measuring central venous pressure. Model of human embryo 1.3 mm. long. Scheme of placental ... Under extreme pressure, the round ligament may reopen to allow the passage of blood. Such recanalization may be evident in ... The blood pressure inside the umbilical vein is approximately 20 mmHg. The unpaired umbilical vein carries oxygen and nutrient ... In portal hypertension, the vessels surrounding the liver are subjected to abnormally high blood pressure-so high, in fact, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbilical_vein

Abnormal growing central venous pressure indicates either hypotension or hypovolemia. Tachycardia accompanied by declined urine ... Typically, there is a slight increase in the diastolic blood pressure with narrowing of the pulse pressure. As diastolic ... Shock index (SI) has been defined as heart rate/systolic blood pressure ; SI≥0.6 is a clinical shock. Such ratio value is ... Due to these factors, heart rate and blood pressure responses are extremely variable and, therefore, cannot be relied upon as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypovolemic_shock

G.E. Burch, A Primer of Venous Pressure, Lea & Febiger publ. 1950. Second printing Charles C. Thomas 1972. G.E. Burch, J.A. ... G.E. Burch and N. DePasquale, A Primer of Clinical Measurement of Blood Pressure, C.V. Mosby publ., 1962. G.E. Burch and N. ... For example, his invention of the phlebomanometer provided a tool to measure blood flow in the venous portion of the ... He is also credited with the invention of the phlebomanometer, an instrument for measuring pressure in small veins. He ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_E._Burch

Such a line may be inserted for several reasons, such as to accurately measure the central venous pressure or to administer ... The pulsation seen is called the jugular venous pressure, or JVP. This is normally viewed with the patient at 45 degrees ... As the internal jugular is large, central and relatively superficial, it is often used to place central venous lines. ... Denys, B. G.; Uretsky, B. F. (1991-12-01). "Anatomical variations of internal jugular vein location: impact on central venous ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_jugular_vein

Elevated intracranial pressure is generally accepted to be a late effect of HACE. High central venous pressure may also occur ... Retinal venous dilation occurs in 59% of people with HACE. Rarer symptoms include brisk deep tendon reflexes, retinal ... If a lumbar puncture is performed, it will show normal cerebral spinal fluid and cell counts but an increase in pressure. In ... The leaking may be caused by increased pressure, or it may be caused by inflammation that makes the endothelium vulnerable to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-altitude_cerebral_edema

Examination of the jugular veins may reveal elevated pressure (jugular venous distention). Examination of the lungs may reveal ... Blood pressure may be variable, and often difficult to measure as the beat-by-beat variability causes problems for most digital ... High blood pressure and valvular heart disease are the most common modifiable risk factors for AF. Other heart-related risk ... Low blood pressure is most concerning, and a sign that immediate treatment is required. Many of the symptoms associated with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_fibrillation

The anterior pituitary is supplied by a low pressure portal venous system. A 1995 study found that 56.2% of patients with ... Electrolytic imbalances might result from the increased secretion of ADH, which may be caused by a decrease in blood pressure ... as well as a slowed heart rate and low blood pressure. Another such feature is secondary adrenal insufficiency (lack of ACTH ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheehan's_syndrome

High intrathoracic pressure results in an increase in right atrial pressure, disrupting the filling of the heart and venous ... "Determinants of systemic venous return and the impact of positive pressure ventilation". Annals of Translational Medicine. 6 ( ... As venous return determines cardiac output, this results in a reduction of cardiac output. If ventilation of the lung on the ... Since the pressure is higher in the abdominal cavity than the chest cavity, rupture of the diaphragm is almost always ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diaphragmatic_rupture

The water-filled, pulsatile pressure suits were developed to effect venous return. However, Wood and colleagues' detailed ... and calculated by subtracting pulmonary capillary wedge pressure from the mean pulmonary arterial pressure and dividing by the ... "The relationship between pulmonary artery wedge pressure and left atrial pressure in man". Circ. Res. 2 (5): 434-440. doi: ... Wood, EH; Leusen, IR; Warner, HR; Wright, JL (July 1954). "Measurement of pressures in man by cardiac catheters". Circ Res. 2 ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earl_Wood

Bainbridge reflex - increasing heart rate in response to increased central venous pressure. Baroreflex or baroreceptor reflex ... homeostatic countereffect to a sudden elevation or reduction in blood pressure detected by the baroreceptors in the aortic arch ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_reflexes

The level of the jugular venous pressure (JVP) should only be commented on in this position as flatter or steeper angles lead ... Inspect the neck for increased jugular venous pressure (JVP) or abnormal waves. Any abnormal movements such as head bobbing. ... The pulses may be: Bounding as in large pulse pressure found in aortic regurgitation or CO2 retention. And the rhythm should be ... To complete the exam blood pressure should be checked, an ECG recorded, funduscopy performed to assess for Roth spots or ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_examination

The pressure obstructs venous outflow, which causes further swelling and increased pressure. The resultant ischemia leads to ... The procedure, called a fasciotomy, involves a surgeon cutting open the skin and the fascia to relieve the pressure. Options to ... A compartment syndrome is an increased pressure within a muscular compartment that compromises the circulation to the muscles. ... The true compartment syndrome arises due to increased pressure within the unyielding anterior compartment of the leg. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anterior_compartment_syndrome

Cardiac tamponade presents with dyspnea, tachycardia, elevated jugular venous pressure, and pulsus paradoxus. The gold standard ... Physical findings may include absent breath sounds on one side of the chest, jugular venous distension, and tracheal deviation ... low blood pressure) may warrant the use of thrombolytic drugs. Anemia that develops gradually usually presents with exertional ... and others have reported blurred vision caused by hypotension behind the eye due to a lack of oxygen and pressure; these ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shortness_of_breath

... central venous pressure and central venous oxygen saturation should be measured. Lactate should be re-measured if the initial ... fluids should be administered until the central venous pressure reaches 8-12 mmHg. Once these goals are met, the central venous ... In cases of severe sepsis and septic shock where a central venous catheter is used to measure blood pressures dynamically, ... Marik PE (June 2014). "Iatrogenic salt water drowning and the hazards of a high central venous pressure". Annals of Intensive ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepsis

This results in a lower venous partial pressure of oxygen, which worsens hypoxia. A normally ventilated breath-hold usually ... When the pressure of gases in a bubble exceed the combined external pressures of ambient pressure and the surface tension from ... and back pressure over exhaust valves. Small variations in pressure between the delivered gas and the ambient pressure at the ... The minimum tissue and venous partial pressure of oxygen which will maintain consciousness is about 20 millimetres of mercury ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_physiology_of_underwater_diving

This results in a lower venous partial pressure of oxygen, which worsens hypoxia. A normally ventilated breath-hold usually ... At the surface, the air in the lungs is under 1 atmosphere of pressure; at 10 metres, the water pressure doubles the pressure ... The minimum tissue and venous partial pressure of oxygen which will maintain consciousness is about 20 millimetres of mercury ( ... The oxygen partial pressure at depth, under pressure, may be sufficient to maintain consciousness but only at that depth and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freediving_blackout

Signs and symptoms may include high blood pressure, abdominal obesity but with thin arms and legs, reddish stretch marks, a ... Occasionally, determining the ACTH levels in various veins in the body by venous catheterization, working towards the pituitary ... persistent high blood pressure (due to cortisol's enhancement of epinephrine's vasoconstrictive effect) and insulin resistance ... of those with Cushing's syndrome has tendency to develop venous thrombosis. Other factors such as surgery and obesity also ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cushing's_syndrome

Venous insufficiency and dynamic fractionating of the hydrostatic pressure column STV. Sang thrombose vaisseaux 2001, 13, 307 ... It merely consists in the accurate splitting of the gravitational hydrostatic pressure of the venous column and in the ... In 2010, he published the book Principles of venous hemodynamics detailing hemodynamic concepts of the venous insufficiency and ... Dynamic hydrostatic pressure fractioning », the veno-venous shunts and vicarious evolution of varices. According to this theory ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claude_Franceschi

... venous insufficiency); the third is due to excessive pressure in upstream arteries, created by nutcracker syndrome. Often the ... A varicocele is an abnormal enlargement of the pampiniform venous plexus in the scrotum. This plexus of veins drains blood from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varicocele

The glomerular blood pressure provides the driving force for water and solutes to be filtered out of the blood plasma, and into ... which allows the recovery of solute-free water from within the nephron and returning it to the venous vasculature when ... it is dependent on the intracapillary blood pressure. About one-fifth of the plasma is filtered as the blood passes through the ... and this difference increases the hydrostatic pressure in the glomerulus. The Bowman's capsule, also called the glomerular ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephron

... which allows the hand to lock into the wrist to exert more pressure), a weak thumb compared to modern humans, and curved ... Regarding the dural venous sinuses, in 1983, American neuroanthropologist Dean Falk and anthropologist Glenn Conroy suggested ... completely bipedal but retained an ape-like upper body condition from some ancestor species due to a lack of selective pressure ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paranthropus_boisei

... referred to as the epidural venous plexus. The source of bleeding in spinal epidural hematoma is likely to be this venous ... They may cause pressure on the spinal cord or cauda equina, which may present as pain, muscle weakness, or dysfunction of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_epidural_hematoma

As a result of pressure to allow them entry, special "Bantam Battalions" were created composed of men who were 4 feet 10 inches ... Short stature decreases the risk of venous insufficiency. During World War I in Britain, the minimum height for soldiers was 5 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_stature

MAP is mean arterial pressure ICP is intracranial pressure JVP is jugular venous pressure This definition may be more ... Cerebral perfusion pressure, or CPP, is the net pressure gradient causing cerebral blood flow to the brain (brain perfusion). ... CPP can be defined as the pressure gradient causing cerebral blood flow (CBF) such that C B F = C P P / C V R {\displaystyle ... In this sense, more specifically, the cerebral perfusion pressure can be defined as either: C P P = M A P − I C P {\ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_perfusion_pressure

Prior to the discovery of the involvement of nitric oxide, it was believed that high blood pressure was usually a result of ... "Endothelium-Derived Nitric Oxide Contributes to the Regulation of Venous Tone in Humans". Circulation. 101 (2): 165-170. doi: ... Vallance performed studies which demonstrated the link between nitric oxide and blood pressure. In 1987, with Joe Collier, he ... where he gave details of the connection between nitric oxide and blood pressure. In 1999 he was elected a Fellow of the Academy ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Vallance

Because of this, most abruptions are caused by bleeding from the arterial supply, not the venous supply. Production of thrombin ... Symptoms may include vaginal bleeding, lower abdominal pain, and dangerously low blood pressure. Complications for the mother ... Those abruptions caused by venous bleeding at the periphery of the placenta develop more slowly and cause small amounts of ... No vaginal bleeding to mild vaginal bleeding Slightly tender uterus Normal maternal blood pressure and heart rate No ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Placental_abruption

It is dangerous during parturition, when pressure in the pelvis can obstruct the ureters and raise blood levels. Started after ... Kalbag R M, Woolf A L (1967) Cerebral Venous Thrombosis, with Special Reference to Primary Aseptic Thrombosis. Oxford, Oxford ... Lanska D J, Kryscio R J (2000) Risk factors for peripartum and postpartum stroke and intracranial venous thrombosis. Stroke 31 ... Psychosis is occasionally associated with other arterial or venous lesions: epidural anaesthesia can, if the dura is punctured ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postpartum_psychosis

A sudden increase in venous pressure due to intrathoracic or intra-abdominal pressure cause the small perifoveal capillaries of ... Sudden-onset floaters and central or paracentral visual field defects and nausea resulting from increased intraocular pressure ... cardiopulmonary resuscitation or compression injuries may cause sudden increase in intrathoracic or intra-abdominal pressure ... to avoid anticoagulant drugs and physical activities which cause increase in intrathoracic or intra-abdominal pressure. For a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valsalva_retinopathy

The fats contained in the adipocytes can be put back into circulation, via the venous route, during intense effort or when ... pressure, and temperature. The skin is one of the largest organs of the body. In humans, it accounts for about 12 to 15 percent ... pressure, pain, heat, and cold (see Somatosensory system) Protect the body against sunburns by secreting melanin Generate ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integumentary_system

Knots can be tied in the rope to apply specific pressure to the anus or clitoris. A crotch rope is usually fixed in place by ... Most common is impaired venous return, as the veins are closest to the surface. The skin becomes red, then purple. This is ... This allows the rope bound person some ability to vary pressure on the genitals (often causing sexual stimulation) at the cost ... The hogtie position places pressure on the abdomen of the tied person, which may create difficulty in breathing known as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bondage_positions_and_methods

Right atrial pressure Right ventricular pressure Pulmonary artery pressure Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure Systemic vascular ... Samples from the SVC & IVC are used to calculate mixed venous oxygen saturation.[citation needed] By injecting contrast into ... The catheters are fluid filled conduits that can transmit pressures to outside the body to pressure transducers. This allows ... allows the physician to determine the pressures within the heart (intracardiac pressures). The heart is most often accessed via ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_catheterization

... and ambulatory venous pressures, which provides a global assessment of venous competence. Venous plethysmography can assess for ... Atrophie blanche Compression stockings Lipodermatosclerosis Venography Venous stasis Venous ulcer "Chronic Venous Insufficiency ... Venous ulcers are common and very difficult to treat. Chronic venous ulcers are painful and debilitating. Even with treatment, ... The most common cause of CVI is superficial venous reflux which is a treatable condition. As functional venous valves are ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_venous_insufficiency

It involves using a cannula and negative pressure to suck out fat. As a cosmetic procedure it is believed to work best on ... Fibro-Lipo-Lymph-Aspiration With a Lymph Vessel Sparing Procedure to Treat Advanced Lymphedema After Multiple Lymphatic-Venous ... "Fibro-Lipo-Lymph-Aspiration With a Lymph Vessel Sparing Procedure to Treat Advanced Lymphedema After Multiple Lymphatic-Venous ... Fibro-Lipo-Lymph-Aspiration With a Lymph Vessel Sparing Procedure to Treat Advanced Lymphedema After Multiple Lymphatic-Venous ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liposuction

Iron deposition as a cause of MS received support when a relationship between venous pressure and iron depositions in MS ... Most of the venous problems in MS patients have been reported to be truncular venous malformations, including azygous stenosis ... MS is also more common in women, while venous diseases are more common in men. Venous pathology is commonly associated with ... A similar condition involving the head and neck venous system may cause chronic cerebro-spinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_cerebrospinal_venous_insufficiency_controversy

The route of metastasis to bone is thought to be venous, as the prostatic venous plexus draining the prostate connects with the ... Men with high blood pressure are more likely to develop prostate cancer. A small increase in risk is associated with lack of ... Martin RM, Vatten L, Gunnell D, Romundstad P (March 2010). "Blood pressure and risk of prostate cancer: Cohort Norway (CONOR ... There are many connections between the prostatic venous plexus and the vertebral veins. The veins forming the prostatic plexus ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostate_cancer

Kim, TS; Rahn, H; Farhi, LE (July 1966). "Estimation of true venous and arterial PCO2 by gas analysis of a single breath". ... During each test, workload, heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory gas exchange (oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide ... an orthostatic rise in heart rate and drop in systemic blood pressure were noted, which persisted for 7 to 19 hours post ... exercise or lower body negative pressure) used by the different crewmembers. The relative proportions of Type I and Type II ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physiological_effects_in_space

... or they involve a venous sinus groove or vascular channel. The resulting complications may include suture diastasis, venous ... Depressed skull fractures present a high risk of increased pressure on the brain, or a hemorrhage to the brain that crushes the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skull_fracture

Sen, S; Mookerjee, RP; Cheshire, LM; Davies, NA; Williams, R; Jalan, R (Jul 2005). "Albumin dialysis reduces portal pressure ... Today it is possible to combine albumin dialysis with continuous veno-venous hemodialfiltration, which provides a greater ... Unstable hemodynamics with mean arterial pressure (MAP)< 55 mmHg despite vasoconstrictors administration Uncontrolled ... II Increased intracraneal pressure Acute hypoxic hepatitis with bilirubin > 8 mg/dl (100 μmol/L) Renal dysfunction or ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver_support_system

His data was analyzed on a pressure-volume diagram, which resulted in his description of peak isovolumic pressure and its ... The Frank-Starling mechanism allows the cardiac output to be synchronized with the venous return, arterial blood supply and ... Therefore the force (pressure) generated by the cardiac muscle fibres is related to the end-diastolic volume of the left and ... In order to relate the work of the heart to skeletal muscle mechanics, Frank observed changes in diastolic pressure with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank–Starling_law

For eye pressures, a value of 21 mmHg or 2.8 kPa above atmospheric pressure (760 mmHg) is often used, with higher pressures ... From here, the trabecular meshwork drains aqueous humor via the scleral venous sinus (Schlemm's canal) into scleral plexuses ... pressure reading higher than the true pressure but a thinner cornea can produce a pressure reading lower than the true pressure ... The intraocular pressure can also have an effect, with higher pressures reducing the time until blindness. As of 2010, there ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaucoma

Doppler ultrasonography of venous blood flow that correlates with respiration can be diagnostic of the absence of deep vein ... It is very useful in an emergency situation and is performed just by vein compression using transducer pressure. Compression ... Lower limbs venous ultrasonography is also indicated in cases of suspected pulmonary embolism where a CT pulmonary angiogram is ... The Management of Venous Thromboembolic Diseases and the Role of Thrombophilia Testing, NICE Clinical Guidelines, No. 144. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultrasonography_of_deep_vein_thrombosis

In the Western Cape Province of South Africa, a heat wave can occur when a low pressure offshore and high pressure inland air ... Wearing support stockings and engaging in deep knee-bending movements can help promote venous blood return. Heat exhaustion is ... As a result, this upper level high pressure also moves slowly. Under high pressure, the air subsides (sinks) toward the surface ... A low pressure at the surface leads to surface wind from lower latitudes that brings warm air, enhancing the warming. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_wave

Venous ulcer: thought to occur due to improper functioning of venous valves, usually of the legs Skin lesion Skin disease List ... They can also be caused due to a lack of mobility, which causes prolonged pressure on the tissues. This stress in the blood ... Venous skin ulcers that may appear on the lower leg, above the calf or on the lower ankle usually cause achy and swollen legs. ... Venous leg ulcers due to impaired circulation or a blood flow disorder are more common in the elderly. Rare causes of skin ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulcer_(dermatology)

Kolár, M.; Urbánek, K.; Látal, T. (May 2001). "Antibiotic selective pressure and development of bacterial resistance". ... central venous catheters and urinary catheters. The use of antibiotics does not, itself, increase risk of hospital-acquired ... or steam under pressure. Isolation is the implementation of isolating precautions designed to prevent transmission of ... this may increase the selection pressure for the emergence of resistant strains. Sterilization goes further than just ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hospital-acquired_infection

The procedure is most similar to how venous sinus stents are placed for the treatment of idiopathic intracranial hypertension. ... there would seem to be a strong ethical pressure to develop this research direction to guarantee that DOC patients are given an ... While an endovascular BCI benefits from avoiding craniotomy for insertion, risks such as clotting and venous thrombosis are ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain–computer_interface

Parrot's sign is a sensation of pain when pressure is applied to the retromandibular region.[citation needed] Lateral head ... The retromandibular vein provides venous drainage to the superior cranium, and significant drainage to the ear. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retromandibular_vein

The value of occlusion plethysmography and stress venous pressure in functional diagnosis following leg vein thrombosis]. ... AdultAgedExercise TestFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPlethysmographyThrombophlebitisVeinsVenous InsufficiencyVenous Pressure ... Venous plethysmography in the diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis and postthrombotic venous incompetence. ... By means of the measuring of the venous pressure still existing obstacles of the outflow of the pelvic and femoral region could ...

https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/2291275/%5BThe_value_of_occlusion_plethysmography_and_stress_venous_pressure_in_functional_diagnosis_following_leg_vein_thrombosis%5D_

Listeners of this podcast will learn about VSS for patients with IIH and low venous pressure gradients. The factors influencing ... November 2022: Venous Sinus Stenting for Low Pressure Gradient Stenoses in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension. Posted : Oct ... Congress of Neurological Surgeons Podcasts · Venous Sinus Stenting for Low Pressure Gradient Stenoses in Idiopathic ... To explore the possibility of benefit in low venous pressure gradient patients. ...

https://www.cns.org/publications/journal-club-podcasts/podcast-detail/november-2022-venous-sinus-stenting-low-pressure-g

Usefulness of the External Jugular Vein Examination in Detecting Abnormal Central Venous Pressure in Critically Ill Patients. ... Usefulness of the External Jugular Vein Examination in Detecting Abnormal Central Venous Pressure in Critically Ill Patients. ...

https://edhub.ama-assn.org/jn-learning/video-player/2522179

Venous insufficiency syndromes are most commonly caused by valvular incompetence in the low-pressure superficial venous system ... venous blood escapes from its normal antegrade path of flow and refluxes backward down the veins into an already congested leg ... Ambulatory Venous Pressure Monitoring. Ambulatory venous pressure (AVP) monitoring is the criterion standard in assessing the ... This test facilitates evaluation of venous filling through the venous filling index. It may be useful when venous duplex ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/1085412-41942/what-is-the-role-of-lab-studies-in-the-diagnosis-of-venous-insufficiency

Boxplots of microvascular flow index (MFI) in patients with a central venous pressure (CVP) ≤12 mmHg or ,12 mmHg. ... Elevated central venous pressure in septic patients is associated with impairment of microcirculatory blood flow. *N Vellinga1 ... Maximum optimal central venous pressure (CVP) according to Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC) guidelines is 12 to 15 mmHg in ... Elevated central venous pressure in septic patients is associated with impairment of microcirculatory blood flow ...

https://ccforum.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/cc10807

Peripheral venous distension elicits a blood pressure raising reflex in young and middle-aged adults. In: American Journal of ... Peripheral venous distension elicits a blood pressure raising reflex in young and middle-aged adults. American Journal of ... Peripheral venous distension elicits a blood pressure raising reflex in young and middle-aged adults. / Matthews, Evan L.; ... Mean arterial pressure (MAP) increased during the venous distension in both young (baseline 83 ± 2, peak 94 ± 3 mmHg; P , 0.05 ...

https://pennstate.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/peripheral-venous-distension-elicits-a-blood-pressure-raising-ref

... is a manifestation of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Although most DVT is occult and resolves spontaneously without complication ... Inadequate expulsion of venous blood results in stasis and a persistently elevated venous pressure or venous hypertension. As ... This high-pressure flow may cause dilation of the superficial (usually low-pressure) system and produce superficial venous ... Reduced blood flow from increased blood viscosity or central venous pressure. Increased blood viscosity may decrease venous ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1911303-overview

Central venous pressure. Journal of the Indian Medical Association. 1971 Sep; 57(6): 217-8. ...

https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/103690

Central venous pressure monitoring In 2012, a task force of the American Society of Anesthesiologists published a set of ... Central Venous Access via Infraclavicular (Subclavian/Subclavicular) Approach to Subclavian Vein * Central Venous Access via ... Absolute contraindications for femoral central venous access include the following:. * Venous injury (known or suspected) at ... The following are generally accepted indications for femoral venous catheter placement:. * Emergency venous access during ...

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/80279-overview

... is a clinical finding which may be associated with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and glaucoma if left chronically ... Apraclonidine reduces intraocular pressure in eyes with increased episcleral venous pressure. Journal of Glaucoma 1992;1(1):42- ... Elevated episcleral venous pressure (EVP) is a clinical finding which may be associated with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP ... Glaucoma associated with increased episcleral venous pressure. Philadelphia WB Saunders 2000. *↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 Rong X ...

https://eyewiki.org/Elevated_Episcleral_Venous_Pressure_

Dextran was infused from the femoral vein until mean left atrial pressure increased 3 mm Hg above the baseline value in both ... The authors studied the effects of volume loading on the pattern of pulmonary venous flow in normal and ischemic hearts. ... In normal heart, systolic pulmonary venous flow volume (SI) increased significantly, but early diastolic flow volume (DI) did ... The influences of cardiac loading conditions and left ventricular performance on pulmonary venous flow are poorly understood. ...

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Comparative-Effects-of-Volume-Loading-on-Pulmonary-Akita-Ohte/2a51e06b31a845f7fd13c1233d2e8af86ed476f7

Adult; Blood Pressure; Central Venous Pressure; Heart Rate; Humans; Pressoreceptors; Baroreflex; Hypertension; ... Transient effects of carotid baroreflex stimulation via the neck chamber device on central venous pressure. Quarti-Trevano F.. ... Transient effects of carotid baroreflex stimulation via the neck chamber device on central venous pressure. THE JOURNAL OF ... Transient effects of carotid baroreflex stimulation via the neck chamber device on central venous pressure. THE JOURNAL OF ...

https://boa.unimib.it/handle/10281/343212

... in chronic venous hypertensions and to evaluate the results of angioplasty and stent treatment. ... The aim of this report is to demonstrate the use of venous pressure gradient in the assessment of iliac-femoral-cava venous ... Angioplasty; Phlebography; Venous pressure ABBREVIATIONS. CEAP (Clinic, Etiology, Anatomy and Pathogenesis of chronic venous ... Ilio-caval venous steno-obstructions have an important role in symptomatic chronic venous insufficiency and more than venous ...

https://www.heraldopenaccess.us/openaccess/venous-pressure-gradient-it-s-role-in-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-steno-obstructions-of-deep-venous-system

Blood backs up in the veins, building up pressure. If not treated, increased ... Venous ulcers (open sores) can occur when the veins in your legs do not push blood back up to your heart as well as they should ... This is called venous insufficiency. This leads to high pressure in the lower leg veins. The increase in pressure and buildup ... Venous leg ulcers - self-care; Venous insufficiency ulcers - self-care; Stasis leg ulcers - self-care; Varicose veins - venous ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000744.htm

Estimation of portal venous pressure. Portal venous pressure (PVP) was 9.7 ± 3.95 mmHg in group I (6.7 ± 1.34 mmHg in subgroup ... Percutaneous intrasplenic portal pressure. Gastroenterology, 1978, 67:253-8.. *Baron JH. Clinical tests of gastric secretion ... percutaneous intrasplenic portal pressure measurement [5];. gastric acid secretory study [6] to include determination of the ...

https://www.emro.who.int/emhj-volume-2-1996/volume-2-issue-3/article15.html

HCPCS Code A4918 for Venous pressure clamp, for hemodialysis, each. ... A4918 is a valid 2022 HCPCS code for Venous pressure clamp, for hemodialysis, each or just "Venous pressure clamp" for short, ...

https://hcpcs.codes/a-codes/A4918/

Intracranial pressure monitoring during adult spinal deformity correction in a patient with critical venous occlusive disease ... Intracranial pressure monitoring during adult spinal deformity correction in a patient with critical venous occlusive disease ... Intracranial pressure monitoring during adult spinal deformity correction in a patient with critical venous occlusive disease ... title = "Intracranial pressure monitoring during adult spinal deformity correction in a patient with critical venous occlusive ...

https://ohsu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/intracranial-pressure-monitoring-during-adult-spinal-deformity-co

Pressure, arterial, neuropathic (diabetic) and venous leg ulcers, including use under compression wraps ... First & Second Degree Burns, Leg Ulcer, Low-Heavily Exuding Wounds, Pressure Ulcer ...

https://www.3m.com/3M/en_US/p/d/b00036071/

Jugular Venous Pressure (JVP). The jugular venous pulsation is best visualized with the patient lying with the head tilted up ... The central venous pressure can be estimated by adding 5 cm (the vertical distance between the center of the right atrium (RA) ... High Blood Pressure. *Prevalence of cocaine use in ED patients with severe hypertension ... When heart failure is present, firm pressure over the abdominal right upper quadrant will cause persistent elevation of the JVP ...

http://www.health.am/cardio/more/physical_examination_of_the_cardiovascular_system/

Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure ,20 mm Hg. Central venous pressure ,20 mm Hg. ... CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; PaO2, partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood; F1O2, concentration of inspired oxygen. ...

https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/15/12/09-1434-t1

He suggested that the best value for the Vascade MVP may be in high venous pressure systems. ... Venous Closure Device Gets EP Patients Moving Sooner, With Less Pain. - But is the bioabsorbable collagen plug worth the cost? ... "Our current method of venous site management is predominantly figure-8 skin suture, and it can even be done by our lab staff. ... T]he cost of the venous closure device may be a consideration, particularly if more than one is needed. An economic analysis ...

https://www.medpagetoday.com/cardiology/pci/83050

Series: Case Study 1: CPET with Central Venous Pressure in ...

https://www.pediatriccardiaclearningcenter.org/conferences/case-study-1-cpet-with-central-venous-pressure-in-fontan/

Erasmus+ Programme project Care of Pressure and Venous Ulcers in Simulation Environment Tallinn Health Care College with its ... Erasmus+ Programme project Care of Pressure and Venous Ulcers in Simulation Environment * Conference and workshops - ... Erasmus+ Programme project Care of Pressure and Venous Ulcers in Simulation Environment*Conference and workshops - addressing ... Erasmus+ Programme project Care of Pressure and Venous Ulcers in Simulation Environment ...

https://ttk.ee/en/erasmus-programme-project-care-pressure-and-venous-ulcers-simulation-environment

Venous ischemia by venous hypertension might be a mechanism for inducing up-regulation of angiogenic factor expression. ... Venous ischemia by venous hypertension might be a mechanism for inducing up-regulation of angiogenic factor expression. ... 2 and 3 weeks in Experiment 2 following induction of venous hypertension in model III (n = 5 at each time point and n = 5 sham ... the expression of VEGF peaked 1 week after induction of venous hypertension in model III, decreasing in a linear fashion over 2 ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17588308/?dopt=Abstract

Central venous pressure monitoring kits * Arterial pressure and Swan-Ganz catheters and monitoring equipment when feasible * ... narrow pulse pressure (20 mm Hg or less) or hypotension * elevated or rising hematocrit Requirements for Inpatient Hospital ... Blood pressure cuffs (adult and pediatric) * Thermometers * Hematocrit supplies (lancets, capillary tubes, reader) * Hematocrit ... narrowed pulse pressure , 20 mm Hg, rapid and weak pulse) and with hemorrhagic manifestations (positive tourniquet tests, ...

https://wonder.cdc.gov/wonder/prevguid/p0000010/p0000010.asp

Blood Pressure and Circulation Like the water pressure in your home that fluctuates when taps are opened and closed, blood ... Clogged stiff arteries can cause excessive resistance in the peripheral circulation, creating back-pressure and reducing venous ... Venous Return and Heart Function There are two phases of heart function. Systole is the contraction phase, where the chambers ... Blood pressure is also regulated by dilation and constriction of your arteries, redirecting blood to areas of high demand, such ...

https://www.livestrong.com/article/479215-how-does-exercise-increase-venous-return/

Topical verapamil and episcleral venous pressure. Abreu, M.M., Kim, Y.Y., Shin, D.H., Netland, P.A. Ophthalmology (1998) [ ... Comparison of the effects of timolol and other adrenergic agents on intraocular pressure in the rabbit. Vareilles, P., ... lowered intraocular pressure bilaterally in normal rabbits and in rabbits with intraocular pressure elevated after laser ... Dexmedetomidine-induced ocular hypotension in rabbits with normal or elevated intraocular pressures. Vartiainen, J., MacDonald ...

https://www.wikigenes.org/e/mesh/e/100.html

Central venous pressure (CVP) monitoring is essential to guide adequate resuscitation. Use of peripherally inserted central ... Digital transducers were used to obtain all pressure readings. Measurements of static pressures over a physiologic range were ... random repetitive pressure pulses were applied to the column of water to simulate physiologic intravascular pressure variations ... We studied the accuracy of a novel PICC to transmit static and dynamic pressures in vitro. Methods We designed a device to ...

https://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/handle/2271/916

The build-up of hyperkeratotic skin is also an indicator of high venous pressure. In venous disease, ulcers are usually located ... Venous Leg Ulceration. Sustained venous hypertension, caused by venous insufficiency leads to venous ulceration. Incompetence ... Sustained venous hypertension, caused by venous insufficiency leads to venous ulceration. The diagnosis is mainly clinical but ... It is very useful in assessing arterial and venous patency and to ascertain the presence of venous reflux. Venous reflux is ...

https://file.scirp.org/Html/6-2300501_27867.htm

Many patients with venous insufficiency have clinically unrecognized chronic recurrent varicose thrombosis due to stasis in areas with abnormal veins. (medscape.com)
Laboratory tests may be helpful in patients with venous insufficiency due to Klippel-Trénaunay-Weber (KTW) syndrome because such patients can develop consumptive thrombocytopenia. (medscape.com)
Duplex ultrasonography is the study of choice for the evaluation of venous insufficiency syndromes. (medscape.com)
Ultrasonographic reflux mapping is essential for the evaluation of peripheral venous insufficiency syndromes. (medscape.com)
MRV is particularly useful because it can help detect previously unsuspected nonvascular causes of leg pain and edema when the clinical presentation erroneously suggests venous insufficiency or venous obstruction. (medscape.com)
The incidence of contrast-induced DVT in patients who undergo venography for the assessment of venous insufficiency is not known. (medscape.com)
This is called venous insufficiency . (medlineplus.gov)
This is an early sign of venous insufficiency. (medlineplus.gov)
Venous ulceration is the most severe and debilitating outcome of chronic venous insufficiency in the lower limbs and accounts for 80 percent of lower extremity ulcerations. (scirp.org)
Sustained venous hypertension, caused by venous insufficiency leads to venous ulceration. (scirp.org)
Various other causes for lower extremity ulcerations could be arterial insufficiency, prolonged pressure, diabetic neuropathy and systemic illness such as rheumatoid arthritis, vasculitis, osteomyelitis, and skin malignancy [2]. (scirp.org)
DVR essentially arises from two etiologies, primary deep valve incompetence (PDVI) and posthrombotic syndrome (PTS), knowing that axial reflux is correlated with severe chronic venous insufficiency. (thieme-connect.de)
The results of DVR surgery are not easy to assess, as it is mostly combined with surgery for superficial venous system and/or perforators insufficiency. (thieme-connect.de)
While elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is a clear risk factor, vascular insufficiency and abnormal autoregulation of the optic nerve circulation have been hypothesised to play a significant role in the development and progression of glaucoma. (bmj.com)
This pressure can lead to circulatory problems and ultimately contribute to vein disease, or venous insufficiency. (immramainstitute.com)
He specializes in the treatment of varicose vein disease and venous insufficiency and is a member of the American College of Phlebology. (optimaveincare.com)
Beware of myths about varicose veins and venous insufficiency! (angionet.gr)
There are common myths and misunderstandings about varicose veins and chronic venous insufficiency. (angionet.gr)
Test the right heart strain caused by a coronal view shows that the risk for cesarean delivery uterine incisions incision choice is definitive chemoradiation therapy for chronic venous insufficiency and with compassion. (berea.edu)
Diagnostic consider- ations of venous insufficiency. (berea.edu)

we considered as indicator of venous hypertension a pressure gradient ≥ 3mmHg /400 Pa. (heraldopenaccess.us)
Our endovascular technique allows the measurement of the pressure gradient and the discover of the venous chronic hypertension in caval iliac femoral veins. (heraldopenaccess.us)
The VPG equal to 0mmHg/Pa after iliac venous PTA/stenting together with good clinical outcome could be used to show the effectiveness of the treatment of venous chronic hypertension. (heraldopenaccess.us)
model III: CCA-EJV anastomosis and bipolar coagulation of the vein draining the transverse sinus and sagittal sinus thrombosis to induce venous hypertension (n = 5). (nih.gov)
Venous ischemia by venous hypertension might be a mechanism for inducing up-regulation of angiogenic factor expression. (nih.gov)
It is within the deep veins where blood clots form, causing a deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which is one of the main causes of venous hypertension. (scirp.org)
To compensate for the increased blood in them because of pooling, wall of the veins gets stretched up but this causes venous hypertension in turn. (scirp.org)
BEIJING , June 1, 2022 /PRNewswire/ - Just like the hypertension that people develop when their blood pressure increases, the increase of blood pressure in the main vein that supplies blood to the liver, called the portal vein, is also a dangerous situation. (fitnessnewswire.com)
Hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) represents the difference between pressures in the portal vein and the intra-abdominal portion of inferior vena cava, another major vein, and is the standard method used to assess portal hypertension. (fitnessnewswire.com)
Noncirrhotic Portal Hypertension (NCPH) is caused by liver diseases that increase pressure in the blood vessels of the liver. (centerwatch.com)
Noncirrhotic Portal Hypertension (NCPH) includes a spectrum of chronic liver diseases characterized by increased pressure within the portal circulation in the absence of cirrhosis. (centerwatch.com)
Herein, the literature on idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), venous pulsatile tinnitus, sinus thrombosis, high draining venous pressure in dural arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and arteriovenous malformation (AVM), and tumor-caused VSS was reviewed and analyzed to summarize experiences with VS-Stenting as a treatment. (medsci.org)
However, except for Mu Wanxuan and Xi saline drip high blood pressure Lian, who were sitting in the shade and watching anime are there plumones a different kind of high blood pressure Labile Hypertension Causes Names Of Blood Pressure Pills amyl nitrate and high blood pressure together, everyone else looked nervous pregnancy high blood pressure icd 10 as if they were facing an enemy. (ecology2.ru)
The prevalence of common CVD diagnoses (hypertension, coronary heart disease, atrial fibrillation and flutter, heart failure, ischemic stroke, and venous thromboembolism) was evaluated as a function of the patients' body height stratified by age and sex. (biomedcentral.com)
The pathophysiology of cor pulmonale is a result of increased right-sided filling pressures from pulmonary hypertension that is associated with diseases of the lung. (medscape.com)
Preeclampsia is a disorder that can be explained through the Page kidney phenomenon: compression of the left renal vein (LRV) causes renal venous outflow obstruction, leading to elevated intrarenal pressure and hypertension. (purdue.edu)
With time, this venous hypertension may gradually lead to the appearance of leg varicose veins , however, skin changes or swelling may appear even before varicose veins are formed . (angionet.gr)

To help treat a venous ulcer, the high pressure in the leg veins needs to be relieved. (medlineplus.gov)

In 52 patients with condition after thrombosis of the deep leg veins before discharge from hospital the venous capacity and the venous outflow were measured on the two legs by means of occlusion plethysmography of the veins as well as the percental decrease of the venous pressure during action of the leg muscles by means of phlebodynamometry. (unboundmedicine.com)
In other words, a proper technique that would allow the proper visualization to assess for obstructive disease, varicose veins, perforating veins, and other venous abnormalities is required. (medscape.com)
Peripheral veins can be used to gain access to the central venous system. (medscape.com)
To show a simple endovascular technique both to do the diagnosis of the steno-obstructions of caval iliac femoral veins, in chronic venous hypertensions and to evaluate the results of angioplasty and stent treatment. (heraldopenaccess.us)
Venous ulcers (open sores) can occur when the veins in your legs do not push blood back up to your heart as well as they should. (medlineplus.gov)
Blood backs up in the veins, building up pressure. (medlineplus.gov)
The cause of venous ulcers is high pressure in the veins of the lower leg. (medlineplus.gov)
This leads to high pressure in the lower leg veins. (medlineplus.gov)
The veins then carry the CO2 to the lungs to be expired and replaced with fresh oxygen, a process called venous return. (livestrong.com)
This leads to an increase in pressure within the deep venous system causing the vein walls to stretch, opening up the valves and allowing even more blood to fill the veins. (scirp.org)
Perforator veins connect the deep and superficial venous systems and have one way valves. (scirp.org)
Incompetence of superficial veins and/or of perforators (because of direct injury, congenital abnormality or superficial inflammation) causes 40% - 50% of venous leg ulcers. (scirp.org)
Veins can also be damaged by surgery, trauma or DVT, causing a backflow of blood in the venous system at the point of damage. (scirp.org)
DVR correction aims at reducing the increased ambulatory venous pressure, which results from reflux in deep veins in orthodynamic conditions. (thieme-connect.de)
A person should avoid sitting on the toilets for too long as sitting on the toilet for too long increases the pressure on the veins that are present in the anus. (hemorrhoidstalk.com)
The blood pressure in the VEINS . (bvsalud.org)
[8] Deep Venous Thrombosis (DVT) DVT of calf veins was similarly demonstrated in Pakistani soldiers staying at high altitude for a prolonged period of time. (marinemedicalsociety.in)
This condition is called superficial venous reflux and may increase the pressure in the veins of the legs, and it can cause ache, burning, itching, heaviness in the calves, swelling and skin changes. (angionet.gr)
If you do not have obvious varicose veins, but you can answer YES to three or more of the following questions, it is likely that you suffer from superficial venous reflux and you may benefit from certain preventive measures or be a candidate for treatment. (angionet.gr)
Do you have spider veins (venous flares)? (angionet.gr)
Spider veins on the legs are caused by cumulative added pressure on the venous system of the legs over time, caused from pressure in weak-walled vessels resulting in prominent dilation. (westvalleyderm.com)
I check venous imaging to make sure I'm not missing a clot in the veins. (novanthealth.org)
Ventricular contraction ejects blood into the major arteries resulting in flow from regions of higher pressure to regions of lower pressure as blood encounters smaller arteries and arterioles then capillaries then the venules and veins of the venous system. (medbeautys.com)

Schaller K, Zillmann U. [The value of occlusion plethysmography and stress venous pressure in functional diagnosis following leg vein thrombosis]. (unboundmedicine.com)
In the diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis (DVT), ultrasonography has been shown to be superior to contrast venography, and it has now replaced venography in this setting. (medscape.com)
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a manifestation of venous thromboembolism (VTE). (medscape.com)
The computed tomography venogram shows bilateral deep venous thrombosis (arrows). (medscape.com)
[ 2 ] and as many as 50% of those with image-documented venous thrombosis lack specific symptoms. (medscape.com)
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) are manifestations of a single disease entity, namely, venous thromboembolism (VTE). (medscape.com)
Venous ulcers are more prevalent in women and older persons and the risk factors primarily include older age, obesity, previous leg injuries, deep venous thrombosis and phlebitis [3-7]. (scirp.org)
A total of thirty nine patients were admitted for acute coronary syndrome, twenty two patients were admitted for thrombosis-related disorders including deep venous thrombosis and cerebro-vascular accidents and twelve patients were admitted with acute high altitude related illness. (marinemedicalsociety.in)
In addition, polycythemia and increase in blood viscosity result in a demonstrable hypercoagulable state causing Deep Venous Thrombosis (DVT) and stroke. (marinemedicalsociety.in)

In contrast, the prevalence of atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolism was higher in taller patients. (biomedcentral.com)
In age- and BMI-adjusted logistic regression analyses, an increased body height was negatively associated with coronary heart disease (OR = 0.91 in women and OR = 0.87 in men per 10-cm increase in height) and strongly positively associated with atrial fibrillation (OR = 1.25 in women and men) and venous thromboembolism (OR = 1.23 in women and OR = 1.24 in men). (biomedcentral.com)
Our products and solutions are designed to promote a safe and dignified experience through patient handling, medical beds, personal hygiene, disinfection, diagnostics, and the prevention of pressure injuries and venous thromboembolism. (arjo.com)

This test uses a catheter-based ultrasound probe to visualize periluminal vascular anatomy in order to assess for obstructive or stenotic disease of the venous system. (medscape.com)
Nineteen young (14 men/5 women, 25 ± 1 yr) and 13 middle-aged (9 men/4 women, 50 ± 2 yr) healthy normotensive participants underwent venous distension via saline infusion through a retrograde intravenous catheter in an antecubital vein during limb occlusion. (elsevier.com)
A resorbable collagen plug venous closure device got patients on their feet faster than did manual compression alone after a catheter-based electrophysiology procedure, according to the AMBULATE trial. (medpagetoday.com)
Methods We designed a device to generate controlled pressures via a column of water allowing simultaneous measurements from a PICC and a standard triple lumen catheter. (ku.edu)
Conclusion In vitro, no static or dynamic pressure differences were found between the PICC and a conventional CVP catheter. (ku.edu)
It may also be claimed when there is multiple site venous sampling that requires repositioning or exchange of a catheter. (albertadoctors.org)
and (c) a controller configured to increase urine production by adjusting one or more operating parameters of a negative pressure source for inducing negative pressure through the at least one ureteral catheter into the urinary tract, based at least in part upon the information determined by the one or more sensor(s). (justia.com)
The present disclosure relates to methods and devices for treating impaired renal function across a variety of disease states and, in particular, to catheter devices, assemblies, and methods for collection of urine and/or inducement of negative pressure in the ureters and/or kidneys. (justia.com)

Jugular venous pressure was 0 cm above the sternal angle. (cmaj.ca)

Elevated episcleral venous pressure (EVP) is a clinical finding which may be associated with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and glaucoma if left chronically untreated. (eyewiki.org)
Diagnosis of glaucoma related to high episcleral venous pressure (e.g. (who.int)

Magnetic resonance venography (MRV) is the most sensitive and specific test for the assessment of deep and superficial venous disease in the lower legs and pelvis, areas not accessible by means of other modalities. (medscape.com)

Clogged stiff arteries can cause excessive resistance in the peripheral circulation, creating back-pressure and reducing venous return. (livestrong.com)

10 patients again had a venous system without pathologic findings, in 12 patients unchangedly was a complete and in 30 ones in incomplete occlusion. (unboundmedicine.com)
Improved technology of the devices as well as the establishment of venous capacity and venous outflow in one measuring process increase the value of the venous occlusion plethysmography clearly as a non-invasive method which can be carried out by a function-assistant. (unboundmedicine.com)
He had a history of chronic left internal jugular and brachiocephalic venous occlusion (e.g., he had a right internal jugular stent). (elsevier.com)

10 Kistner RL, Sparkuhl MD. Surgery in acute and chronic venous disease . (thieme-connect.de)

November 2022: Venous Sinus Stenting for Low Press. (cns.org)
we considered eligible for the treatment of venous iliac Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty/Stenting (PTA/Stent). (heraldopenaccess.us)
In these 5 Pt we performed iliac venous 4 PTA and 1 stenting. (heraldopenaccess.us)
We performed iliac venous 4 PTA and 2 Stenting. (heraldopenaccess.us)
Xu K, Yu T, Yuan Y, Yu J. Current Status of the Application of Intracranial Venous Sinus Stenting. (medsci.org)
However, a systematic understanding of venous sinus stenting (VS-Stenting) is lacking. (medsci.org)

He suggested that the best value for the Vascade MVP may be in high venous pressure systems. (medpagetoday.com)

Chronic non-healing wounds (diabetic foot ulcers, pressure injuries, and venous leg ulcers) disproportionately affect the elderly population. (a-star.edu.sg)
These biomarkers can provide unprecedented insight into diabetic foot ulcers and venous leg ulcers, and guide a new generation of diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic applications for improving wound care. (a-star.edu.sg)
800 patients on Venous Ulcers, Pressure Ulcers and Diabetic Foot Ulcers from major hospitals in Singapore. (a-star.edu.sg)
He currently has a particular interest in the areas of pressure ulcers, venous leg ulcers and diabetic foot ulcers. (ria.ie)

Etiologies can range from venous obstruction to arteriovenous anomalies and can be acute or chronic in nature. (eyewiki.org)
A complete past medical history should be obtained to rule out etiologies that may cause venous obstruction, including but not limited to hyperthyroidism, amyloidosis, congestive heart failure, hypercoagulable states, vasculitis, superior vena cava syndrome and Sturge-Weber Syndrome. (eyewiki.org)

The aim of this review article is to elaborate the various aspects related with pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of venous ulcers. (scirp.org)

Hemodynamic findings from right and left cardiac catheterization revealed equalization of diastolic filling pressures with discordance after volume loading, consistent with constrictive physiology. (biomedcentral.com)

With an increase in afterload, the RV systolic pressure is increased to maintain the circulatory gradient. (medscape.com)
At a critical point, a further increase in pulmonary arterial pressure and resistance produces significant RV dilatation, an increase in RV end-diastolic pressure, and RV circulatory failure. (medscape.com)

Deep venous system in these patients, function as normal [15]. (scirp.org)
DVR is defined as a reflux affecting the deep venous system. (thieme-connect.de)

This finding reduces the usefulness of that test for the evaluation of patients with suspected acute venous thromboembolic disease. (medscape.com)
The 3M™ ActiV.A.C.™ Negative Pressure Wound Therapy System is an integrated wound management system for use in acute, extended and home care settings. (3m.com)
[5] There is an increase in the pulmonary artery pressure, hypervolemia, polycythemia, and increased blood viscosity, all lead to additional stress on heart, predisposing personnel to Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS). (marinemedicalsociety.in)

A4918 is a valid 2022 HCPCS code for Venous pressure clamp, for hemodialysis, each or just " Venous pressure clamp " for short, used in ESRD supplies . (hcpcs.codes)

Maximum optimal central venous pressure (CVP) according to Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC) guidelines is 12 to 15 mmHg in mechanically ventilated patients. (biomedcentral.com)
IMSEAR at SEARO: Central venous pressure. (who.int)
All routes of central venous access are associated with complications and possible failure. (medscape.com)
One of the most common methods for gaining central venous access in emergency situations is via femoral vein cannulation. (medscape.com)
As with most other central venous cannulations, the modified Seldinger technique is used. (medscape.com)
For more information on subclavian vein cannulation, see Central Venous Access, Subclavian Vein, Subclavian Approach and Central Venous Access, Subclavian Vein, Supraclavicular Approach . (medscape.com)
We examined in 11 young subjects (age 29.7±3.6 years, mean±SEM) whether carotid baroreceptor stimulation via the neck chamber device may affect central venous pressure (CVP), thus potentially involving other reflexogenic areas in the examined responses. (unimib.it)
The central venous pressure can be estimated by adding 5 cm (the vertical distance between the center of the right atrium (RA) and the sternal angle) to the maximum vertical height of the pulsations above the sternal angle. (health.am)
Central venous pressure (CVP) monitoring is essential to guide adequate resuscitation. (ku.edu)
Clinical studies are required to assess whether the novel PICC has bedside equivalence to conventional catheters when measuring central venous pressures. (ku.edu)
Pigs were instrumented with arterial, pulmonary arterial, and central venous catheters and allowed to stabilize for 30 minutes then bled at a constant rate of either 5 mL·min -1 ( n = 13) or 20 ( n = 38) until mean arterial pressure decreased to 40 or 30 mm Hg in the 5 and 20 mL·min -1 pigs, respectively. (lww.com)
The central venous pressure and conjunctival edema were checked at this stage. (ispub.com)
Central venous (right atrium) and arterial (ascending aorta) cannulation is an option but requires median sternotomy. (cdc.gov)
Elevated central venous pressure → abnormal drainage from intestine, blood and lymph → oedema → may cause increased intestinal permability and diarrhea. (vetlexicon.com)
During her ICU stay monitoring included parameters like body weight, intra-abdominal pressure, central venous pressure, invasive blood pressure, input and output along with laboratory parameters. (saudija.org)
The handbook concludes with notes comparing the advantages and disadvantages of 6 antimalarial drugs, including artemisinin, reproduction of the Glasgow coma scale, and instructions for the measurement of central venous pressure. (who.int)

In this case we used a new morphological technique Intra-Venous Ultrasound (IVUS), only to have a few details about neointima (Pt Iv). (heraldopenaccess.us)
Our findings showed that higher inflow/outflow ratio, inflow velocity, and AVF luminal pressure gradient in early postoperative ultrasound predicted risk of AVF nonmaturation. (elsevier.com)

By means of the measuring of the venous pressure still existing obstacles of the outflow of the pelvic and femoral region could be separated from the lower leg and their degree of severity, too, could be quantified. (unboundmedicine.com)
The venous capacity and the venous outflow allowed with sufficient security to delimit the values of the healthy leg from those of the postthrombotic one, whereas a localization of the height and a further quantification of the postthrombotic condition failed. (unboundmedicine.com)
Based on the Goldmann equation, intraocular pressure (IOP) is the rate of aqueous humor production divided by the facility of outflow plus EVP [2] . (eyewiki.org)
If there is increased venous pressure downstream to the episcleral anastomoses, then there is subsequent decrease in outflow of blood from the orbit and aqueous. (eyewiki.org)
Regarding ultrasonographic parameters, nonmature AVF showed significantly higher inflow/outflow diameter ratio, inflow velocity, and luminal pressure gradient. (elsevier.com)

Treatment options for venous ulcers include conservative management, mechanical treatment, medications, and surgical options. (scirp.org)

To explore the possibility of benefit in low venous pressure gradient patients. (cns.org)
In the second experience with the remaining patients, we considered the patients with positivity to the pressure gradient are eligible for the treatment. (heraldopenaccess.us)
This innovation could be used in the training of nurses so they apply the correct amount of pressure when bandaging patients' venous leg ulcers, to improve the effectiveness of compression therapy. (a-star.edu.sg)
The 3M™ ActiV.A.C.™ Therapy System is a portable negative pressure wound therapy system designed for mobile patients to help them resume their activities of daily living while still receiving the proven wound healing benefits of 3M™ V.A.C.® Therapy. (3m.com)
We set out to investigate the effects of combining a very low V T (3 ml/kg PBW) with arterio-venous extracorporeal CO 2 -elimination (avECCO 2 -R) in patients suffering from established ARDS. (springer.com)
To increase mean arterial blood pressure in adult patients with hypotension associated with septic shock. (nih.gov)
Epinephrine Injection USP, 1 mg/mL is indicated to increase mean arterial blood pressure in adult patients with hypotension associated with septic shock. (nih.gov)
Aim To determine the tolerance and acceptance of hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) measurements in patients with liver cirrhosis. (istun.edu.tr)
Lowering the intraocular pressure (IOP) is the focus of treating patients with glaucoma. (medscape.com)
Il s'agit d'une étude rétrospective descriptive et analytique, multicentrique portant sur des patients de moins de 5ans pris en charge pour une affection neurochirurgicale de Janvier 2019 à Décembre 2021 à Libreville. (bvsalud.org)

Beat-by-beat blood pressure, muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA), and model flow-derived cardiac output (Q), and total peripheral resistance (TPR) were recorded throughout the trial. (elsevier.com)
These findings suggest that peripheral venous distension elicits a pressor and sympathetic response in middle-aged adults similar to the response observed in young adults. (elsevier.com)

Title of original paper: Tolerance and acceptance of hepatic venous pressure gradient measurement in cirrhosis (CHESS1904): an international multicenter study. (fitnessnewswire.com)
Liver blood vessel pressure (hepatic venous portal gradient (HVPG)) measurement. (centerwatch.com)
Adults and minors who are likely to have NCPH will also undergo transjugular or percutaneous liver biopsy with transjugular hepatic venous gradient measurements and endoscopy. (centerwatch.com)
AVF introduces pulsatile arterial blood flow into its venous limb and produces high luminal pressure gradient, which may have adverse effect on vascular remodeling. (elsevier.com)
As such, the aim of the present study is to investigate effect of luminal pressure gradient on AVF nonmaturation. (elsevier.com)
Luminal pressure gradient was estimated by using modified Bernoulli equation. (elsevier.com)

Background: Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is not routinely used during complex spinal deformity correction surgery. (elsevier.com)
Many diseases involve the venous sinus and are accompanied by venous sinus stenosis (VSS), which leads to increased venous pressure and high intracranial pressure. (medsci.org)
1) increased intracranial pressure is caused by the Valsalva-like maneuver with lifting, and (2) stretching or strain of cervical musculature/tendons. (dynamicchiropractic.com)
This in turn leads to a general increase in intracranial pressure which reduces cerebral blood flow. (dynamicchiropractic.com)
Increased intracranial pressure (in violation of venous drainage, intracranial tumors). (pharmasstore.com)
Hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction results in hyperammonemia, which is thought to induce astrocyte edema, resulting in cerebral edema and increased intracranial pressure (ICP). (medscape.com)

Correlation between left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and peak left atrial wall strain during left ventricular systole. (semanticscholar.org)
The pericardium has a small but significant effect on LV diastolic P-V relations at physiological RV filling pressures, and this effect becomes considerable at high RV filling pressure. (semanticscholar.org)
When venous return is restricted, the left ventricle receives less oxygenated blood, resulting in a low-end diastolic volume. (livestrong.com)
Regular exercise improves venous return by increasing total blood volume, increasing end diastolic volume, and increasing the size and contractile strength of the heart muscle. (livestrong.com)
The supine pressor test (SPT) is a diagnostic tool for preeclampsia where a positive test is defined by an increase of 20 mmHg in diastolic blood pressure (BP) when shifting from the left lateral recumbent to the supine position. (purdue.edu)

The end result of the above mechanisms is increased pulmonary arterial pressure and resistance. (medscape.com)

Collagen dressings can be used for chronic wounds or stalled wounds, pressure sores, transplant sites, surgical wounds, ulcers, burns, or injuries with a large surface area. (hotreg.hu)

Intravascular ultrasonography has been gaining acceptance in the management of venous disease. (medscape.com)
In most centers, it has been replaced by duplex sonography for the routine evaluation of venous disease. (medscape.com)
The intracranial venous sinus is an important component of vascular disease. (medsci.org)
Thus, the present study suggests that selective stent release in the venous sinus can effectively treat these diseases and provide new possibilities for treating intracranial vascular disease. (medsci.org)
the abdominal fluid accumulation related to bowel inflammatory disease is more likely to be secondary to venous, as opposed to arterial vascular leakage. (bvsalud.org)

All underwent procedures that required two to three femoral venous access sites for 6 to 12 F devices. (medpagetoday.com)
Arterial blood gas confirmed metabolic acidosis (pH 7.12, partial carbon dioxide pressure [pCO 2 ] 48 mm Hg, pO 2 117 mm Hg, HCO 3 15.3 mmol/L). Despite fluid resuscitation and administration of epinephrine (0.06 µg/kg/min), her condition failed to improve, and she was given femoral vein-femoral artery ECMO. (cdc.gov)

Hydrocolloid dressings can be used on burns, wounds that are emitting liquid, necrotic wounds, pressure ulcers, and venous ulcers. (hotreg.hu)
Hydrogel can be used for a range of wounds that are leaking little or no fluid, and are painful or necrotic wounds, or are pressure ulcers or donor sites. (hotreg.hu)
Alginate dressings are made to offer effective protection for wounds that have high amounts of drainage, and burns, venous ulcers, packing wounds, and higher state pressure ulcers. (hotreg.hu)

In the conventional drainage pathway, aqueous humor flows through the efferent channels of the canal of Schlemm and then through the anterior ciliary venous circulation before converging with the episcleral venous plexus at Tenon's capsule and the conjunctiva. (eyewiki.org)

The aqueous in the episcleral venous plexus will then drain into the superior ophthalmic vein and enters the cavernous sinus above the annulus of Zinn, before flowing into the internal jugular vein and into the right atrium via the superior vena cava [6] [7] . (eyewiki.org)
It is likely that there must additionally be a "locus minoris resistentiae" together with increased pressure in the interior vertebral venous plexus in order to cause spinal hemorrhage. (unboundmedicine.com)

However, unlike overall blood pressure, this method is invasive, because the vein is located deep in the body. (fitnessnewswire.com)

Microcirculatory alterations have been observed to occur independently of the major inflow variable for microcirculation: mean arterial pressure. (biomedcentral.com)
2.2 ) o Intravenous infusion rate of 0.05 mcg/kg/min to 2 mcg/kg/min, titrated to achieve desired mean arterial pressure ( 2.2 ) o Wean gradually. (nih.gov)

Radial arterial line was inserted for invasive blood pressure monitoring and blood gases, if required. (ispub.com)

When used to evaluate patterns of venous reflux, ultrasonography is both sensitive and specific. (medscape.com)
When heart failure is present, firm pressure over the abdominal right upper quadrant will cause persistent elevation of the JVP (hepatojugular reflux). (health.am)

If you are at risk for venous ulcers, take the steps listed above under Wound Care. (medlineplus.gov)

Intraocular pressure (IOP) can often times be elevated in the affected eye. (eyewiki.org)
The autoregulatory capacity of these vessels in response to acutely elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) was examined in normal human subjects. (bmj.com)

Upon physical examination, his body temperature was 38.9°C, and he had sinus tachycardia of 110 beats/min and a blood pressure of 100/60 mm Hg, which fell to 90/50 mm Hg after one minute of standing. (cmaj.ca)
Valsalva maneuvers increase intracranial venous sinus pressure. (dynamicchiropractic.com)

Relationships between velocities of pulmonary venous flow and plasma concentrations of atrial natriuretic peptide in healthy dogs. (semanticscholar.org)
Effects of mitral regurgitation on pulmonary venous flow and left atrial pressure: an intraoperative transesophageal echocardiographic study. (semanticscholar.org)
Pulmonary venous flow velocity: relation to hemodynamics, mitral flow velocity and left atrial volume, and ejection fraction. (semanticscholar.org)

The increase in pressure and buildup of fluid prevents nutrients and oxygen from getting to tissues. (medlineplus.gov)
[1] Staying at high altitude and exposure to low barometric pressure and partial pressure of oxygen cause hypoxemia. (marinemedicalsociety.in)

According to physiological theory, the microcirculation is considered to be a low-pressure compartment. (biomedcentral.com)
Vascular permeability to dextran was determined at 100, 200 and 300 % of physiological pressures. (bvsalud.org)

Anatomy42

Organisms8

Diseases33

Chemicals and Drugs25

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment86

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes67

Named Groups1

Health Care21

Effect of portal-systemic anastomosis on renal haemodynamics in cirrhosis. (1/366)

Chronic retinal vein occlusion in glaucoma. (2/366)

Upright posture reduces forearm blood flow early in exercise. (3/366)

Studies in calf venous pump function utilizing a two-valve experimental model. (4/366)

Responses of group III and IV muscle afferents to distension of the peripheral vascular bed. (5/366)

Restrictive pericarditis. (6/366)

Effects of protamine on nitric oxide level in the pulmonary circulation. (7/366)

The effect of pregnancy on the lower-limb venous system of women with varicose veins. (8/366)

Venous Pressure

Central Venous Pressure

Pressure

Blood Pressure

Portal Pressure

Hydrostatic Pressure

Blood Pressure Determination

Hemodynamics

Transducers, Pressure

Hypertension, Portal

Capillary Resistance

Intracranial Pressure

Jugular Veins

Vascular Resistance

Heart Rate

Intraocular Pressure

Regional Blood Flow

Cardiac Output

Veins

Hypertension

Pulmonary Wedge Pressure

Dogs

Blood Volume

Hepatic Veins

Arterial Pressure

Venous Insufficiency

Liver Circulation

Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory

Plasma Substitutes

Vascular Capacitance

Plethysmography

Lower Body Negative Pressure

Fluid Therapy

Air Pressure

Atmospheric Pressure

Portal Vein

Posture

Monitoring, Intraoperative

Hypovolemia

Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure

Splanchnic Circulation

Tourniquets

Liver Cirrhosis

Sympathetic Nervous System

Esophageal and Gastric Varices

Blood Circulation

Time Factors

Ventricular Pressure

Pressoreceptors

Portal System

Leg

Antihypertensive Agents

Hypotension

Supine Position

Monitoring, Physiologic

Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives

Head-Down Tilt

Osmotic Pressure

Blood Flow Velocity

Anesthesia

Femoral Vein

Compliance

Positive-Pressure Respiration

Varicose Veins

Isotonic Solutions

Reflex

Sclera

Anesthesia, General

Baroreflex

Prospective Studies

Diastole

Heart

Constriction

Vena Cava, Superior

Oxygen

Varicose Ulcer

Respiration

Popliteal Vein

Embolism, Air

Models, Cardiovascular