The inferior and superior venae cavae.
The venous trunk which returns blood from the head, neck, upper extremities and chest.
The venous trunk which receives blood from the lower extremities and from the pelvic and abdominal organs.
Mechanical devices inserted in the inferior vena cava that prevent the migration of blood clots from deep venous thrombosis of the leg.
A condition that occurs when the obstruction of the thin-walled SUPERIOR VENA CAVA interrupts blood flow from the head, upper extremities, and thorax to the RIGHT ATRIUM. Obstruction can be caused by NEOPLASMS; THROMBOSIS; ANEURYSM; or external compression. The syndrome is characterized by swelling and/or CYANOSIS of the face, neck, and upper arms.

The cyclo-oxygenase-dependent regulation of rabbit vein contraction: evidence for a prostaglandin E2-mediated relaxation. (1/230)

1. Arachidonic acid (0.01-1 microM) induced relaxation of precontracted rings of rabbit saphenous vein, which was counteracted by contraction at concentrations higher than 1 microM. Concentrations higher than 1 microM were required to induce dose-dependent contraction of vena cava and thoracic aorta from the same animals. 2. Pretreatment with a TP receptor antagonist (GR32191B or SQ29548, 3 microM) potentiated the relaxant effect in the saphenous vein, revealed a vasorelaxant component in the vena cava response and did not affect the response of the aorta. 3. Removal of the endothelium from the venous rings, caused a 10 fold rightward shift in the concentration-relaxation curves to arachidonic acid. Whether or not the endothelium was present, the arachidonic acid-induced relaxations were prevented by indomethacin (10 microM) pretreatment. 4. In the saphenous vein, PGE2 was respectively a 50 and 100 fold more potent relaxant prostaglandin than PGI2 and PGD2. Pretreatment with the EP4 receptor antagonist, AH23848B, shifted the concentration-relaxation curves of this tissue to arachidonic acid in a dose-dependent manner. 5. In the presence of 1 microM arachidonic acid, venous rings produced 8-10 fold more PGE2 than did aorta whereas 6keto-PGF1alpha and TXB2 productions remained comparable. 6. Intact rings of saphenous vein relaxed in response to A23187. Pretreatment with L-NAME (100 microM) or indomethacin (10 microM) reduced this response by 50% whereas concomitant pretreatment totally suppressed it. After endothelium removal, the remaining relaxing response to A23187 was prevented by indomethacin but not affected by L-NAME. 7. We conclude that stimulation of the cyclo-oxygenase pathway by arachidonic acid induced endothelium-dependent, PGE2/EP4 mediated relaxation of the rabbit saphenous vein. This process might participate in the A23187-induced relaxation of the saphenous vein and account for a relaxing component in the response of the vena cava to arachidonic acid. It was not observed in thoracic aorta because of the lack of a vasodilatory receptor and/or the poorer ability of this tissue than veins to produce PGE2.  (+info)

Pulmonary and caval flow dynamics after total cavopulmonary connection. (2/230)

OBJECTIVE: To assess flow dynamics after total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC). DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Aarhus University Hospital. PATIENTS: Seven patients (mean age 9 (4-18) years) who had previously undergone a lateral tunnel TCPC mean 2 (0. 3-5) years earlier. INTERVENTIONS: Pressure recordings (cardiac catheterisation), flow volume, and temporal changes of flow in the lateral tunnel, superior vena cava, and right and left pulmonary arteries (magnetic resonance velocity mapping). RESULTS: Superior vena cava flow was similar to lateral tunnel flow (1.7 (0.6-1.9) v 1. 3 (0.9-2.4) l/min*m2) (NS), and right pulmonary artery flow was higher than left pulmonary artery flow (1.7 (0.6-4.3) v 1.1 (0.8-2. 5) l/min*m2, p < 0.05). The flow pulsatility index was highest in the lateral tunnel (2.0 (1.1-8.5)), lowest in the superior vena cava (0.8 (0.5-2.4)), and intermediate in the left and right pulmonary arteries (1.6 (0.9-2.0) and 1.2 (0.4-1.9), respectively). Flow and pressure waveforms were biphasic with maxima in atrial systole and late ventricular systole. CONCLUSIONS: Following a standard lateral tunnel TCPC, flow returning via the superior vena cava is not lower than flow returning via the inferior vena cava as otherwise seen in healthy subjects; flow distribution to the pulmonary arteries is optimal; and some pulsatility is preserved primarily in the lateral tunnel and the corresponding pulmonary artery. This study provides in vivo data for future in vitro and computer model studies.  (+info)

Rate-dependent conduction block of the crista terminalis in patients with typical atrial flutter: influence on evaluation of cavotricuspid isthmus conduction block. (3/230)

BACKGROUND: The crista terminalis (CT) has been identified as the posterior boundary of typical atrial flutter (AFL) in the lateral wall (LW) of the right atrium (RA). To study conduction properties across the CT, rapid pacing was performed at both sides of the CT after bidirectional conduction block was achieved in the cavotricuspid isthmus by radiofrequency catheter ablation. METHODS AND RESULTS: In 22 patients (aged 61+/-7 years) with AFL (cycle length, 234+/-23 ms), CT was identified during AFL by double electrograms recorded between the LW and posterior wall (PW). After the ablation procedure, decremental pacing trains were delivered from 600 ms to 2-to-1 local capture at the LW and PW or coronary sinus ostium (CSO). At least 5 bipolar electrograms were recorded along the CT from the high to the low atrium next to the inferior vena cava. No double electrograms were recorded during sinus rhythm in that area. Complete transversal conduction block all along the CT (detected by the appearance of double electrograms at all recording sites and craniocaudal activation sequence on the side opposite to the pacing site) was observed in all patients during pacing from the PW or CSO (cycle length, 334+/-136 ms), but it was fixed in only 4 patients. During pacing from the LW, complete block appeared at a shorter pacing cycle length (281+/-125 ms; P<0.01) and was fixed in 2 patients. In 3 patients, complete block was not achieved. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest the presence of rate-dependent transversal conduction block at the crista terminalis in patients with typical AFL. Block is usually observed at longer pacing cycle lengths with PW pacing than with LW pacing. This difference may be a critical determinant of the counterclockwise rotation of typical AFL.  (+info)

Hepatic vascular exclusion with preservation of the caval flow for liver resections. (4/230)

OBJECTIVE: To report the technique and results of an alternative method of vascular clamping during liver resections. BACKGROUND: Most liver resections require vascular clamping to avoid excessive blood loss. Portal triad clamping is often sufficient, but it does not suppress backflow bleeding, which can be prevented only by hepatic vascular exclusion. The latter method adds clamping of the inferior vena cava, which results in hypotension, requiring invasive anesthetic management. There is growing evidence that intermittent clamping is better tolerated than continuous clamping, especially in the presence of underlying liver disease. METHODS: Hepatic vascular exclusion with preservation of the caval flow (HVEPC) involved conventional inflow clamping associated with outflow control by clamping the major hepatic veins, thus avoiding caval occlusion. HVEPC was used in 40 patients undergoing major or complex liver resection, including 16 with underlying liver disease. HVEPC was total (clamping of the porta hepatis and all major hepatic veins) in 20 cases and partial (clamping of the porta hepatis and the hepatic veins of the resected territory) in 20. Clamping was continuous in 22 cases and intermittent in 18. Resections included 12 hemihepatectomies, 12 extended hepatectomies, 3 central hepatectomies, and 13 uni- or bisegmentectomies. RESULTS: Hemodynamic tolerance of clamping was excellent in all cases, without the need for therapeutic adjustment. Median red cell transfusion requirements were 0 units, and 28 patients (70%) did not receive any transfusions during the hospital stay. There were no deaths, and the morbidity rate was 17.5%. Median hospital stay was 10 days. CONCLUSION: HVEPC is a safe and effective procedure applicable to liver tumors without invasion to the inferior vena cava. It offers the advantages of conventional hepatic vascular exclusion without its hemodynamic drawbacks, and it can be applied intermittently or partially.  (+info)

Cardiac consequences of prolonged exposure to an isolated increase in aortic stiffness. (5/230)

In elderly patients, aortic stiffness is a major determinant of increased end-systolic stress leading to left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy with impaired cardiac performance. However, in a rat model of aortic elastocalcinosis (induced by vitamin D(3)-nicotine [VDN] treatment), brief exposure (1 month) to increased aortic stiffness modified neither cardiac function nor cardiac structure. Here we report the impact of longer exposure (3 months) to aortic stiffness. Three months after induction of aortic stiffness, aortic characteristic impedance was measured in awake rats, 8 control and 10 VDN. Stroke volume was measured (electromagnetic probe) at baseline and after acute volume overload. LV weight/body weight ratio, collagen, and myosin heavy chain (MHC) contents were determined. Although aortic characteristic impedance increased (controls, 32+/-2; VDN rats, 50+/-8 10(3) dyne. s/cm(5); P=0.0248), stroke volume was maintained in VDN rats at baseline (controls, 223+/-18; VDN, 211+/-13 microL) and after volume overload (controls, 378+/-14; VDN, 338+/-15 microL). However, LV weight/body weight ratio (controls, 1.54+/-0.07; VDN, 1.73+/-0.05 g/kg; P=0.0397) and LV collagen content (controls, 31+/-4; VDN, 52+/-4 microgram/g dry wt; P=0.0192) increased. A shift from alpha-MHC (controls, 82+/-2%; VDN, 69+/-3%; P=0.0056) to beta-MHC (controls, 18+/-2%; VDN, 31+/-3%; P=0. 0056) was also observed. Three months' exposure to increased aortic stiffness in VDN rats induced LV hypertrophy with moderate interstitial fibrosis and a shift in the MHC-isoform pattern. Such structural adaptation maintains LV performance.  (+info)

Tissue factor activity is increased in human endothelial cells cultured under elevated static pressure. (6/230)

We tested the hypothesis that elevated blood pressure, a known stimulus for vascular remodeling and an independent risk factor for the development of atherosclerotic disease, can modulate basal and cytokine-induced tissue factor (TF; CD 142) expression in cultured human endothelial cells (EC). Using a chromogenic enzymatic assay, we measured basal and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha; 10 ng/ml, 5 h)-induced TF activities in human aortic EC (HAEC) and vena cava EC (HVCEC) cultured at atmospheric pressure and at 170 mmHg imposed pressure for up to 48 h. Basal TF activities were 22 +/- 10 U/mg protein for HAEC and 14 +/- 9 U/mg protein for HVCEC and were upregulated in both cell types >10-fold by TNF-alpha. Exposure to pressure for 5 h induced additional elevation of basal TF activity by 47 +/- 16% (P < 0.05, n = 6) for HAEC and 17 +/- 5% (P < 0.05, n = 3) for HVCEC. Pressurization also enhanced TF activity in TNF-alpha-treated cells from 240 +/- 28 to 319 +/- 32 U/mg protein in HAEC (P < 0.05, n = 4) and from 148 +/- 25 to 179 +/- 0.8 U/mg protein (P < 0.05, n = 3) in HVCEC. Cytokine stimulation caused an approximately 100-fold increase in steady-state TF mRNA levels in HAEC, whereas pressurization did not alter either TF mRNA or cell surface antigen expression, as determined by quantitative RT-PCR methodology and ELISA. Elevated pressure, however, modulated the EC plasma membrane organization and/or permeability as inferred from the increased cellular uptake of the fluorescent amphipathic dye merocyanine 540 (33 +/- 7%, P < 0.05). Our data suggest that elevated static pressure modulates the hemostatic potential of vascular cells by modifying the molecular organization of the plasma membrane.  (+info)

Inhibition of neointima hyperplasia of mouse vein grafts by locally applied suramin. (7/230)

BACKGROUND: Saphenous vein grafts are widely used for aortocoronary bypass surgery as treatment for severe atherosclerosis and often are complicated by subsequent occlusion of the graft vessel. METHODS AND RESULTS: We described a mouse model of venous bypass graft arteriosclerosis that can be effectively retarded by locally applied suramin, a growth factor receptor antagonist. Mouse isogeneic vessels of the vena cava veins pretreated with suramin were grafted end to end into the carotid arteries and enveloped with a mixture of suramin (1 mmol/L) and pluronic-127 gel. In the untreated group, vessel wall thickening was observed as early as 1 week after surgery and progressed to 4-fold and 10-fold the original thickness in grafted veins at 4 and 8 weeks, respectively. Pluronic-127 gel alone did not influence neointima formation. Suramin treatment reduced the neointima hyperplasia 50% to 70% compared with untreated controls. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that a significant proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) constituted neointimal lesions between 4 and 8 weeks. The majority of SMCs expressed platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptors-alpha and -beta, which were significantly reduced by suramin treatment. In vitro studies indicated that suramin completely blocked PDGF receptor activation or phosphorylation stimulated by PDGF-AB, inhibited activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK) kinases (MEK1/2) and ERK1/2, and abrogated transcription factor AP-1 DNA-binding activity. CONCLUSIONS: Suramin inhibited SMC migration and proliferation in vivo and in vitro by blocking PDGF-initiated PDGF receptor and MAPK-AP-1 signaling. These findings indicate that locally applied suramin is effective in a mouse model of venous bypass graft arteriosclerosis.  (+info)

Aromatase and sex steroid receptors in human vena cava. (8/230)

Among sex steroids, especially estrogen metabolism has been considered to play a role in the function and pathology of human veins. We investigated the expression and activity of the estrogen-producing enzyme aromatase and estrogen receptor (ER) in human vena cava to assess possible in situ biosynthesis of estrogens and their modes of action. We first examined aromatase expression by immunohistochemistry in human inferior vena cava obtained from 29 autopsy cases (11 males, 18 females, 63.6 +/- 3.0 years old). We then semiquantitated the level of aromatase mRNA by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in 24 cases and aromatase activity by 3H-water assay in 15 cases to examine whether or not and in which cell types aromatase was expressed. We also studied alternative use of multiple exon 1s of its gene and immunolocalization of 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type I (17beta-HSD I), which converts estrone produced by aromatase to estradiol, a biologically active estrogen and ER. Aromatase and 17beta-HSD I immunoreactivity were both detected in smooth muscle cells (SMC) of the media in all the cases and in endothelial cells (EC) in 20 and 22 cases, respectively. ER immunoreactivity was detected in SMC of vena cava in 21 cases. The amount of aromatase mRNA was significantly greater in the cases utilizing 1c (I.3) or 1d (P.II) of exon 1 (9 cases, 191.1 +/- 26.3 attomol/ng total RNA) than those utilizing 1b (I.4) as the promoter (14 cases, 50.6 +/- 13.0 attomol/ng total RNA) (p < 0.01). Significant correlation (p < 0.05) was observed between the amount of aromatase mRNA and aromatase activity in 15 cases examined. No significant correlation was detected between the amount of aromatase mRNA or aromatase labeling index and the ER status. These results suggest that estrone and estradiol are produced in the human vena cava and that their production is mediated by aromatase and 17beta-HSD I, respectively but not all of these locally synthesized estrogens may not work directly in situ.  (+info)

Superior Vena Cava Syndrome (SVCS) is a condition that occurs when the superior vena cava (SVC), the main vein that returns blood from the head, neck, and upper extremities to the heart, becomes blocked or narrowed. This blockage can be caused by a variety of factors, including cancer, blood clots, or other medical conditions. Symptoms of SVCS can include swelling in the face, neck, and arms, difficulty swallowing, shortness of breath, chest pain, and fatigue. In severe cases, SVCS can lead to serious complications, such as heart failure or stroke. Treatment for SVCS depends on the underlying cause of the blockage. In some cases, medications or minimally invasive procedures, such as angioplasty or stent placement, may be used to open the blocked vein. In more severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the blockage or bypass the affected area of the SVC.

In anatomy, the venae cavae (/ˈviːni ˈkeɪvi/; SG: vena cava /ˈviːnə ˈkeɪvə/; from Latin 'hollow veins') are two large veins ( ... The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood through coronary sinus and two large veins called venae cavae. The inferior vena ... The superior vena cava (or cranial vena cava in animals) is above the heart, and forms from a convergence of the left and right ... In humans they are the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava, and both empty into the right atrium. They are located ...
"foramen venae cavae". TheFreeDictionary.com. Retrieved 2023-06-09. Moore, Keith L.; Dalley, Arthur F.; Agur, Anne M. R. (2017 ... The caval opening of diaphragm (also foramen of vena cava, vena caval foramen) is an opening in the central tendon of diaphragm ... with the fibres of the central tendon uniting vigorously with the adventitia of the inferior vena cava (resulting in dilation ... giving passage to the inferior vena cava as well as to some terminal branches of the right phrenic nerve, and some lymphatic ...
Wexler, L.; D H Bergel; I T Gabe; G S Makin; C J Mills (1 September 1968). "Velocity of Blood Flow in Normal Human Venae Cavae ... and peak flows in the venae cavae have been found between 0.1 and 0.45 metres per second (0.33 and 1.48 ft/s). additionally, ...
The venae cavae and azygos veins with their tributaries. The thymus of a full-time fetus. Standring, Susan (2020). Gray's ... The superior thyroid vein is the vena comitans of the superior thyroid artery. It is formed by the union of deep and ...
Venae cavae (the two largest veins, carry blood into the heart). Sinusoids Extremely small vessels located within bone marrow, ... from Latin vena. The earliest senses were "blood vessel" and "small natural underground channel of water". capillary: mid 17th ...
The right atrium lies among the two venae cavae, behind and somewhat right of the sternum. It is right and anterior to the left ... The venous component receives the blood from superior and inferior venae cavae. What separates the two components is the inside ... the right side receives de-oxygenated blood through the superior and inferior venae cavae and pumps blood to the lungs through ... While the sina venarum has smooth walls, the characteristic of the auricula are the thick muscle bundles that make it appear ...
The inferior vena cava is the lower ("inferior") of the two venae cavae, the two large veins that carry deoxygenated blood from ... Inferior vena cava Inferior vena cava front view Image of an inferior vena cava filter Image showing an inferior vena cava ... Together, the venae cavae (in addition to the coronary sinus, which carries blood from the muscle of the heart itself) form the ... The name derives from Latin: vena, "vein", cavus, "hollow". The IVC is formed by the joining of the left and right common iliac ...
... and the venae cavae that carry the blood directly into the heart. The venae cavae enter the right atrium of the heart from ... The inferior vena cava is the larger of the two. The inferior vena cava is retroperitoneal and runs to the right and roughly ... Compression of the superior vena cava most usually by a malignant tumor can lead to superior vena cava syndrome. A vascular ... There is a valve at the junction of the inferior vena cava (one of the great vessels) and the right atrium known as the valve ...
The superior vena cava (SVC) is the superior of the two venae cavae, the great venous trunks that return deoxygenated blood ... Persistent left superior vena cava Superior vena cava syndrome Inferior vena cava "General Practice Notebook". www.gpnotebook. ... Superior vena cava obstruction refers to a partial or complete obstruction of the superior vena cava, typically in the context ... Superior vena cava in a cadaveric specimen. Cross-section of the thorax showing the formation of the superior vena cava. ...
In the right atrium, the stretch receptors occur at the junction of the venae cavae. In the left atrium, the junction is at the ...
... the superior and inferior venae cavae. Blood collects in the right and left atrium continuously. The superior vena cava drains ... The upper part of the heart is the attachment point for several large blood vessels-the venae cavae, aorta and pulmonary trunk ... In humans, deoxygenated blood enters the heart through the right atrium from the superior and inferior venae cavae and passes ... The right atrium receives blood almost continuously from the body's two major veins, the superior and inferior venae cavae. A ...
The oblique sinus is an inverted J-shaped reflection of the venae cavae and pulmonary veins. It lies behind the atria ( ... and anterior to the superior vena cava. This sinus is clinically important because passing one end of clamp through the sinus, ...
Prevalence of the condition is very low as stenotic anomalies in vena cavae development are uncommon. Recognition of vena cava ... Congenital stenosis of vena cava is a congenital anomaly in which the superior vena cava or inferior vena cava has an aberrant ... Congenital stenosis of the vena cava is a rare congenital heart disease affecting 0.7 - 8.7% of the population. Vena cava ... Congenital stenosis of the vena cava can also present as acute respiratory failure and effusion of the right lung on chest X- ...
Similarly, baroreceptors are stretch receptors located in the aortic sinus, carotid bodies, the venae cavae, and other ... Blood is flowing into the right atrium from the superior and inferior venae cavae and the coronary sinus. Blood flows into the ... from the body via the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava and from the coronary sinus and pump it, through the tricuspid ... grouping of cardiomyocytes in the upper and back walls of the right atrium very close to the opening of the superior vena cava ...
August 1950). "Experimental maintenance of life by a mechanical heart and lung during occlusion of the venae cavae followed by ...
... (CVP) is the blood pressure in the venae cavae, near the right atrium of the heart. CVP reflects the ... as a pressure differential can sometimes exist between the venae cavae and the right atrium. CVP and RAP can differ when ...
Although the Classical Latin pronunciation of venae cavae would be approximately /ˈwɛnaɪˈkɑːwaɪ/, the standard English medical ...
Both the superior and inferior vena cavae enter the right atrium, but only the superior entry is called the cavoatrial junction ... The cavoatrial junction (CAJ) is the point at which the superior vena cava meets and melds into the superior wall of the ... This junction marks the inferior end of the superior vena cava, the continuation below that point being considered part of the ... for the purpose of venous access and being inserted in the upper body will ideally have the tip placed within the superior vena ...
... the sinus venosus exists distinctly only in the embryonic heart where it is found between the two venae cavae; in the adult, ... the sinus venosus becomes incorporated into the wall of the right atrium to form a smooth part called the sinus venarum which ... whereas the right part becomes incorporated into the right atrium to form the sinus venarum.[citation needed] Diagram to ...
In a Fontan Circulation, the right ventricle does not exist (or is bypassed) and the venae cavae are attached directly to the ... It involves diverting the venous blood from the inferior vena cava (IVC) and superior vena cava (SVC) to the pulmonary arteries ... The superior vena cava (SVC), which carries blood returning from the upper parts of the body, is disconnected from the heart ... The inferior vena cava (IVC), which carries blood returning from the lower body, continues to connect to the right atrium. The ...
The sinus venarum is the adult remnant of the sinus venosus and it surrounds the openings of the venae cavae and the coronary ... Within the fetal right atrium, blood from the inferior vena cava and the superior vena cava flow in separate streams to ... The right atrium receives and holds deoxygenated blood from the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, anterior cardiac veins ... and the right atrium receives blood from the venae cavae of the systemic circulation. During the cardiac cycle the atria ...
The atria are filling with separate blood volumes returning to the right atrium (from the vena cavae), and to the left atrium ( ...
Baroreceptors are present in the atria of the heart and vena cavae, but the most sensitive baroreceptors are in the carotid ...
... absent venae cavae, and a preduodenal portal vein. Progressive cirrhosis is associated with signs and symptoms of portal ...
The right atrium was considered a continuation of the inferior and superior venae cavae, and the left atrium was considered a ... He not only verified Estienne's observations on the valves of the hepatic veins, but also described the vena azygos, and ... In 1538, Vesalius wrote Epistola, docens venam axillarem dextri cubiti in dolore laterali secandam (A letter, teaching that in ... and discovered the canal which passes into the fetus between the umbilical vein and vena cava. Vesalius defined a nerve as the ...
The final result of these surgeries is to redirect the superior and inferior vena cavae into the pulmonary artery, bypassing ... The Fontan procedure, done usually after the patient is two years old, disconnects the inferior vena cava from the heart and ... The Glenn procedure disconnects the superior vena cava from the heart and connects it to the right pulmonary artery so ...
This results in a decrease in atrial pressure, which serves to bring in more blood from the vena cavae, resulting in a decrease ... Increasing the heart rate serves to decrease the pressure in the superior and inferior venae cavae by drawing more blood out of ... the pressure in the superior and inferior vena cava increase. This results in an increase in the pressure of the right atrium, ...
... directly into the vena cavae where they are immediately diluted. The Quinton catheter is named after Wayne Everett Quinton ( ...
... also called valvula venae cavae inferioris, was described for the first time by the Italian anatomist Bartolomeo Eustachi (born ... The valve of the inferior vena cava (eustachian valve) is a venous valve that lies at the junction of the inferior vena cava ... The superior vena cava (SVC) does not have any homologous valve or valvule. The eustachian valve is frequently seen with ... Following birth and separation from the placenta, the oxygen content in the inferior vena cava falls. With the onset of ...
Similarly, baroreceptors are stretch receptors located in the aortic sinus, carotid bodies, the venae cavae, and other ...
Inferior vena cava (IVC) filter placement is most commonly indicated for deep venous thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE ... Use of the Birds Nest filter in oversized inferior venae cavae. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 1991 Nov. 2(4):447-50. [QxMD MEDLINE ... The new Vena Tech filter design was approved by the FDA in 2001. Similar to the LGM, the Vena Tech LP filter is made from ... Oversized inferior vena cava: use of a single Vena Tech--LGM filter. Can Assoc Radiol J. 1996 Aug. 47(4):272-4. [QxMD MEDLINE ...
... the inferior vena cava accepts blood drained from the lower body. Both sections (collectively called the venae cavae) empty ... The deoxygenated blood empties into the right atrium via the venae cavae, then into the right ventricle. From here it is pumped ... Veins that drain into the venae cavae include the jugular veins (which drain the head), brachial and cephalic veins (which ... When the blood finally returns to the right atrium via the venae cavae, the pressure behind it is almost zero. ...
Venae cavae: 8 *probably dont have to memorize the #s but understand the differences especially between the aorta and ... the amount per minute pumped by the left ventricle is equal to the amount per minute returned to the right atrium by the vena ...
Inferior vena cava (IVC) filter placement is most commonly indicated for deep venous thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE ... Use of the Birds Nest filter in oversized inferior venae cavae. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 1991 Nov. 2(4):447-50. [QxMD MEDLINE ... The new Vena Tech filter design was approved by the FDA in 2001. Similar to the LGM, the Vena Tech LP filter is made from ... Oversized inferior vena cava: use of a single Vena Tech--LGM filter. Can Assoc Radiol J. 1996 Aug. 47(4):272-4. [QxMD MEDLINE ...
Total anomalous lung veins to vena cavae. *Total anomalous pulmonary connection to coronary sinus ...
anterior vena cava (anatomy). vena cava: …of two major trunks, the anterior and posterior venae cavae, that deliver oxygen- ... The anterior vena cava, also known as the precava, drains the head end of the body, while the posterior vena cava, or postcava ...
... right side of the heart receives deoxygenated venous blood from the periphery by way of the superior and inferior venae cavae. ...
Blood was drawn from the inferior vena cavae of 5 male and female 8-week-old WT B6 mice into 3.2% sodium citrate (1:9). The ... Thromboplastin (2 μl/g body weight; ThromboMAX with Calcium; Trinity Biotech) was injected into the inferior vena cava ... 160 dilution of thromboplastin into the inferior vena cava of 8-week-old B6 animals and found that female animals were ...
The atria were transferred to a silicone dissection dish and pinned through the inferior and superior vena cavae and the right ...
Reed RA, Teitelbaum GP, Taylor FC, et al Use of the Birds Nest filter in oversized inferior venae cavae J Vasc Interv Radiol ... Vena-Tech IVC filter. Diagnostic Findings. Inferior Vena Cava filter thrombosis. CT Scan in a Patient with Inferior Vena Cava ( ... An inferior vena cava filter is a medical device that is implanted into the inferior vena cava to prevent pulmonary emboli (PEs ... Taylor FC, Awh MH, Kahn CE Jr, Lu CT Vena Tech vena cava filter: experience and early follow-up J Vasc Interv Radiol Nov 1991;2 ...
Features superior and inferior venae cavae, right and left atria, tricuspid valve, right and left ventricles, pulmonary artery ... Features superior and inferior venae cavae, right and left atria, tricuspid valve, right and left ventricles, pulmonary artery ...
Venae Cavae, Vena Cava Filters, Thrombocytopenia, Blood Platelets, Acute Lung Injury, Sepsis, Inflammation, Antibodies, ...
Venae Cavae 19% * Abdominal Aorta 19% * Reperfusion 14% * Analysis of Variance 13% ...
Safety and Effectiveness of the Denali Inferior Vena Cava Filter. Reis, S. P., Kovoor, J., Sutphin, P. D., Toomay, S., Trimmer ... Volume associated dynamic geometry and spatial orientation of the inferior vena cava. Murphy, E. H., Arko, F. R., Trimmer, C. K ...
Venae Cavae Medicine & Life Sciences 62% * Graft Survival Medicine & Life Sciences 57% ... 2) Warm ischemia time can be shortened because there is no need for the infrahepatic vena cava anastomosis. The following ... 2) Warm ischemia time can be shortened because there is no need for the infrahepatic vena cava anastomosis. The following ... 2) Warm ischemia time can be shortened because there is no need for the infrahepatic vena cava anastomosis. The following ...
Venae Cavae Medicine & Life Sciences 87% * Nephrectomy Medicine & Life Sciences 75% * Renal Cell Carcinoma Medicine & Life ... In situ partial nephrectomy and tumor thrombectomy for renal cell carcinoma with level II vena cava extension in a solitary ... In situ partial nephrectomy and tumor thrombectomy for renal cell carcinoma with level II vena cava extension in a solitary ... In situ partial nephrectomy and tumor thrombectomy for renal cell carcinoma with level II vena cava extension in a solitary ...
Venae Cavae Medicine & Life Sciences 32% * Visceral Afferents Medicine & Life Sciences 29% ...
45. vena cava [The inferior and superior venae cavae. ( MSH )] (UMLS (CSP) C0042460) =Body Part, Organ, or Organ Component 95. ... 46. Vena Cava Occlusion (UMLS (NCI) C1331536) =Acquired Abnormality 96. Ventricular Aneurysm (UMLS (NCI) C0392464) =Disease or ...
Your two largest veins are the superior and inferior vena cavae. They are located above and below your heart. ...
Venae Cavae, Vena Cava Filters, Thrombocytopenia, Blood Platelets, Acute Lung Injury, Sepsis, Inflammation, Antibodies, ...
... flows through the two largest veins-the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava, known collectively as the venae cavae- ...
The largest veins include the superior and inferior vena cavae. Tiny capillaries connect arteries and veins, exchanging ...
these venae cavae persist as the auditory organs are very much branched at least or mandibul&r arch. The scaphoid or posterior ...
This scintigraphic finding suggested synchronous obstruction of the superior and inferior venae cavae, later confirmed on CT ... Although many cases of focal hepatic uptake have been reported, reports of diffuse uptake because of vena cava obstruction are ... Diffuse Hepatic Accumulation of 99mTc-Macroaggregated Albumin Suggesting Synchronous Superior and Inferior Vena Cava ...
A peristaltic wave appeared to travel along the lateral venae cavae to the branchial hearts, potentially aiding venous return. ...
Chronically occluded inferior venae cavae: endovascular treatment. Radiology 2000;214:133-8. ... Golarz SR, Grimsley B. Use of Wall stent to exclude a thrombosed inferior vena cava filter. Ann Vasc Surg. 2010;24(5):690.e5-7. ... Funaki B. Inferior vena caval stenting. Semin Intervent Radiol. 2004;21(4):347-9. [Guideline] Warkentin TE, Greinacher A. ... Endovascular recanalization of chronic long-segment occlusions of the inferior vena cava: midterm results. J Endovasc Ther. ...
Floureus to co-ordinat« the shorter as having one of lipase and mammals, whose history of the venae cavae. - particularly of ... Floureus to co-ordinat« the shorter as having one of lipase and mammals, whose history of the venae cavae. - particularly of ...
It receives relatively oxygen-poor blood from the veins of the body through the large superior and inferior venae cavae and ... which empty their cargo into either the superior or inferior vena cava. This second circuit, from the left side of the heart ...
  • In humans they are the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava, and both empty into the right atrium. (wikipedia.org)
  • The inferior vena cava (or caudal vena cava in some animals) travels up alongside the abdominal aorta with blood from the lower part of the body. (wikipedia.org)
  • Inferior vena cava (IVC) filter placement is most commonly indicated for deep venous thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE) when anticoagulation therapy is contraindicated. (medscape.com)
  • If the infrarenal segment of the inferior vena cava is too short for a filter placement, the filter should be placed above the renal veins. (medscape.com)
  • Anteroposterior image from an inferior venacavographic examination demonstrates an inferior vena cava of normal diameter without thrombus. (medscape.com)
  • Inferior vena cava (IVC) filters are designed for their physical properties, clot-trapping effectiveness, ability to preserve flow in the IVC, and ease of placement. (medscape.com)
  • The right side of the heart receives deoxygenated venous blood from the periphery by way of the superior and inferior venae cavae. (informit.com)
  • An inferior vena cava filter is a medical device that is implanted into the inferior vena cava to prevent pulmonary emboli (PEs). (wikidoc.org)
  • Your two largest veins are the superior and inferior vena cavae. (crossrivercardiology.com)
  • The superior vena cava and inferior vena cava drain systemic venous blood into the posterior wall of the right atrium. (medscape.com)
  • The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood through coronary sinus and two large veins called venae cavae. (wikipedia.org)
  • The superior vena cava (or cranial vena cava in animals) is above the heart, and forms from a convergence of the left and right brachiocephalic veins, which contain blood from the head and the arms. (wikipedia.org)
  • The internal wall of the right atrium is composed of a smooth posterior portion (into which the vena cavae and coronary sinus drain) and a ridgelike, muscular anterior portion. (medscape.com)
  • The structures initially seen from this perspective include the superior vena cava, right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery, and aorta. (medscape.com)
  • Superior vena cava syndrome, which occurs in approximately 15,000 persons in the United States annually, consists of a collection of symptoms and signs resulting from the obstruction of the superior vena cava (SVC). (escholarship.org)
  • Herein, we report a case of superior vena cava syndrome diagnosed in our dermatology clinic. (escholarship.org)
  • Proptosis, periorbital swelling, conjunctival suffusion and elevated intraocular pressure are common ophthalmic findings in superior vena cava syndrome [ 3 ]. (escholarship.org)
  • Physical exam usually establishes the presence of superior vena cava syndrome. (escholarship.org)
  • Additional known masses of the middle or right anterior mediastinum causing superior vena cava syndrome include enlarged paratracheal lymph nodes, lymphoma, leiomyosarcomas, carcinoids, germ cell tumors, fibrosing mediastinitis, intrathoracic goiter, thymoma, and aortic aneurysm. (escholarship.org)
  • Iatrogenic thrombosis associated with central venous catheters is the most frequent cause of intraluminal occlusion of the superior vena cava. (escholarship.org)
  • Timely diagnosis of superior vena cava syndrome and treatment of the underlying disease are critical, for increased cervical venous pressure can compromise the larynx and pharynx. (escholarship.org)
  • In the outpatient setting, recognizing the early cutaneous presentation of superior vena cava syndrome requires a high index of suspicion. (escholarship.org)
  • A peristaltic wave appeared to travel along the lateral venae cavae to the branchial hearts, potentially aiding venous return. (biologists.com)
  • The presence of renal cell carcinoma within a solitary kidney and vena cava extension presents complex management and surgical decisions for the treating urologist. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Tollefson, MK , Kawashima, A & Blute, ML 2005, ' In situ partial nephrectomy and tumor thrombectomy for renal cell carcinoma with level II vena cava extension in a solitary kidney ', Urology , vol. 66, no. 4, pp. 882.e1-882.e2. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Originally described in 1757 by William Hunter in a patient afflicted with a saccular aneurysm of the ascending aorta secondary to syphilis [ 2 ], this condition is characterized by compromised blood flow in the vena cava because of extrinsic compression or intraluminal occlusion. (escholarship.org)
  • The superior vena cava (or cranial vena cava in animals) is above the heart, and forms from a convergence of the left and right brachiocephalic veins, which contain blood from the head and the arms. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although the Glenn operation, which involves the end-to-end anastomosis of the superior vena cava (SVC) to the right pulmonary artery, was described in 1958, it was primarily used as palliative surgery. (medscape.com)
  • The superior vena cava ( SVC ) is a large valveless venous channel formed by the union of the brachiocephalic veins . (radiopaedia.org)
  • The superior vena cava begins behind the lower border of the first right costal cartilage and descends vertically behind the first and second intercostal spaces to drain into the right atrium at the superior cavoatrial junction (at the level of the third costal cartilage). (radiopaedia.org)
  • Comprehensive Imaging Review of the Superior Vena Cava. (radiopaedia.org)
  • The structures initially seen from this perspective include the superior vena cava, right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery, and aorta. (medscape.com)
  • A vein which arises from the right ascending lumbar vein or the vena cava, enters the thorax through the aortic orifice in the diaphragm, and terminates in the superior vena cava. (ouhsc.edu)
  • Case of absence of pars praerenalis venae cavae inferioris in man, combined with deviations of vv. (nih.gov)