AnatomyOrganismsChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and Processes
Vasoconstrictor AgentsNorbornanesVasoconstrictionPhenylephrineAngiotensin IINorepinephrineVascular ResistanceMuscle, Smooth, VascularBlood PressureEndothelinsEndothelin-1Mesenteric ArteriesRegional Blood FlowSympathetic Nervous SystemVasomotor SystemReceptors, Endothelin15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic AcidVasodilationVasodilator AgentsMethoxamineForearmReceptor, Endothelin ARenal CirculationTyramineNitric OxideThromboxane A2Receptor, Endothelin BArteriolesArteriesEndothelium, VascularHemodynamicsDose-Response Relationship, DrugProstaglandin Endoperoxides, SyntheticUrotensinsNG-Nitroarginine Methyl EsterPotassium ChlorideIndomethacinAdrenergic alpha-AgonistsRats, Sprague-DawleyPerfusionReceptors, ThromboxaneNitroprussideDogsSplanchnic CirculationSerotoninMuscle TonusNordefrinHydroxyeicosatetraenoic AcidsNitric Oxide SynthaseProstaglandinsAcetylcholineViper VenomsPeptides, CyclicRenal ArteryAdrenergic alpha-AntagonistsSumatriptanPulmonary CirculationRats, WistarArginine VasopressinAdrenergic alpha-1 Receptor AgonistsLaser-Doppler FlowmetryHeart RateAdrenergic FibersSkin TemperatureBlood VesselsPhentolamineEnzyme InhibitorsKidneyAstringentsBretylium CompoundsSympathetic Fibers, PostganglionicNitroarginine
Vasoconstrictor Agents
Drugs used to cause constriction of the blood vessels.
Norbornanes
Vasoconstriction
The physiological narrowing of BLOOD VESSELS by contraction of the VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE.
Phenylephrine
An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent.
Angiotensin II
An octapeptide that is a potent but labile vasoconstrictor. It is produced from angiotensin I after the removal of two amino acids at the C-terminal by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME. The amino acid in position 5 varies in different species. To block VASOCONSTRICTION and HYPERTENSION effect of angiotensin II, patients are often treated with ACE INHIBITORS or with ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKERS.
Norepinephrine
Precursor of epinephrine that is secreted by the adrenal medulla and is a widespread central and autonomic neurotransmitter. Norepinephrine is the principal transmitter of most postganglionic sympathetic fibers and of the diffuse projection system in the brain arising from the locus ceruleus. It is also found in plants and is used pharmacologically as a sympathomimetic.
Vascular Resistance
The force that opposes the flow of BLOOD through a vascular bed. It is equal to the difference in BLOOD PRESSURE across the vascular bed divided by the CARDIAC OUTPUT.
Muscle, Smooth, Vascular
The nonstriated involuntary muscle tissue of blood vessels.
Blood Pressure
PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.
Endothelins
21-Amino-acid peptides produced by vascular endothelial cells and functioning as potent vasoconstrictors. The endothelin family consists of three members, ENDOTHELIN-1; ENDOTHELIN-2; and ENDOTHELIN-3. All three peptides contain 21 amino acids, but vary in amino acid composition. The three peptides produce vasoconstrictor and pressor responses in various parts of the body. However, the quantitative profiles of the pharmacological activities are considerably different among the three isopeptides.
Endothelin-1
A 21-amino acid peptide produced in a variety of tissues including endothelial and vascular smooth-muscle cells, neurons and astrocytes in the central nervous system, and endometrial cells. It acts as a modulator of vasomotor tone, cell proliferation, and hormone production. (N Eng J Med 1995;333(6):356-63)
Mesenteric Arteries
Arteries which arise from the abdominal aorta and distribute to most of the intestines.
Regional Blood Flow
The flow of BLOOD through or around an organ or region of the body.
Sympathetic Nervous System
The thoracolumbar division of the autonomic nervous system. Sympathetic preganglionic fibers originate in neurons of the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord and project to the paravertebral and prevertebral ganglia, which in turn project to target organs. The sympathetic nervous system mediates the body's response to stressful situations, i.e., the fight or flight reactions. It often acts reciprocally to the parasympathetic system.
Vasomotor System
The neural systems which act on VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE to control blood vessel diameter. The major neural control is through the sympathetic nervous system.
Receptors, Endothelin
Cell surface proteins that bind ENDOTHELINS with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behavior of cells.
15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid
A stable prostaglandin endoperoxide analog which serves as a thromboxane mimetic. Its actions include mimicking the hydro-osmotic effect of VASOPRESSIN and activation of TYPE C PHOSPHOLIPASES. (From J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1983;224(1): 108-117; Biochem J 1984;222(1):103-110)
Vasodilation
The physiological widening of BLOOD VESSELS by relaxing the underlying VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE.
Vasodilator Agents
Drugs used to cause dilation of the blood vessels.
Methoxamine
An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist that causes prolonged peripheral VASOCONSTRICTION.
Forearm
Part of the arm in humans and primates extending from the ELBOW to the WRIST.
Receptor, Endothelin A
A subtype of endothelin receptor found predominantly in the VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE. It has a high affinity for ENDOTHELIN-1 and ENDOTHELIN-2.
Renal Circulation
The circulation of the BLOOD through the vessels of the KIDNEY.
Tyramine
An indirect sympathomimetic. Tyramine does not directly activate adrenergic receptors, but it can serve as a substrate for adrenergic uptake systems and monoamine oxidase so it prolongs the actions of adrenergic transmitters. It also provokes transmitter release from adrenergic terminals. Tyramine may be a neurotransmitter in some invertebrate nervous systems.
Nitric Oxide
A free radical gas produced endogenously by a variety of mammalian cells, synthesized from ARGININE by NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE. Nitric oxide is one of the ENDOTHELIUM-DEPENDENT RELAXING FACTORS released by the vascular endothelium and mediates VASODILATION. It also inhibits platelet aggregation, induces disaggregation of aggregated platelets, and inhibits platelet adhesion to the vascular endothelium. Nitric oxide activates cytosolic GUANYLATE CYCLASE and thus elevates intracellular levels of CYCLIC GMP.
Thromboxane A2
An unstable intermediate between the prostaglandin endoperoxides and thromboxane B2. The compound has a bicyclic oxaneoxetane structure. It is a potent inducer of platelet aggregation and causes vasoconstriction. It is the principal component of rabbit aorta contracting substance (RCS).
Receptor, Endothelin B
A subtype of endothelin receptor found predominantly in the KIDNEY. It may play a role in reducing systemic ENDOTHELIN levels.
Arterioles
The smallest divisions of the arteries located between the muscular arteries and the capillaries.
Arteries
The vessels carrying blood away from the heart.
Endothelium, Vascular
Single pavement layer of cells which line the luminal surface of the entire vascular system and regulate the transport of macromolecules and blood components.
Hemodynamics
The movement and the forces involved in the movement of the blood through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.
Prostaglandin Endoperoxides, Synthetic
Synthetic compounds that are analogs of the naturally occurring prostaglandin endoperoxides and that mimic their pharmacologic and physiologic activities. They are usually more stable than the naturally occurring compounds.
Urotensins
Teleost hormones. A family of small peptides isolated from urophyses of bony fishes. They have many different physiological effects, including long-lasting hypotensive activity and have been proposed as antihypertensives. There are at least four different compounds: urotensin I, urotensin II, urotensin III, and urotensin IV.
NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester
A non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. It has been used experimentally to induce hypertension.
Potassium Chloride
A white crystal or crystalline powder used in BUFFERS; FERTILIZERS; and EXPLOSIVES. It can be used to replenish ELECTROLYTES and restore WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE in treating HYPOKALEMIA.
Indomethacin
A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits the enzyme cyclooxygenase necessary for the formation of prostaglandins and other autacoids. It also inhibits the motility of polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
Adrenergic alpha-Agonists
Drugs that selectively bind to and activate alpha adrenergic receptors.
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.
Perfusion
Treatment process involving the injection of fluid into an organ or tissue.
Receptors, Thromboxane
Cell surface proteins that bind THROMBOXANES with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behavior of cells. Some thromboxane receptors act via the inositol phosphate and diacylglycerol second messenger systems.
Nitroprusside
A powerful vasodilator used in emergencies to lower blood pressure or to improve cardiac function. It is also an indicator for free sulfhydryl groups in proteins.
Dogs
The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)
Splanchnic Circulation
The circulation of blood through the BLOOD VESSELS supplying the abdominal VISCERA.
Serotonin
A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid L-TRYPTOPHAN. In humans it is found primarily in the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and blood platelets. Serotonin mediates several important physiological functions including neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity. Multiple receptor families (RECEPTORS, SEROTONIN) explain the broad physiological actions and distribution of this biochemical mediator.
Muscle Tonus
The state of activity or tension of a muscle beyond that related to its physical properties, that is, its active resistance to stretch. In skeletal muscle, tonus is dependent upon efferent innervation. (Stedman, 25th ed)
Nordefrin
A norepinephrine derivative used as a vasoconstrictor agent.
Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids
Eicosatetraenoic acids substituted in any position by one or more hydroxy groups. They are important intermediates in a series of biosynthetic processes leading from arachidonic acid to a number of biologically active compounds such as prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes.
Nitric Oxide Synthase
An NADPH-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-ARGININE and OXYGEN to produce CITRULLINE and NITRIC OXIDE.
Prostaglandins
A group of compounds derived from unsaturated 20-carbon fatty acids, primarily arachidonic acid, via the cyclooxygenase pathway. They are extremely potent mediators of a diverse group of physiological processes.
Acetylcholine
A neurotransmitter found at neuromuscular junctions, autonomic ganglia, parasympathetic effector junctions, a subset of sympathetic effector junctions, and at many sites in the central nervous system.
Viper Venoms
Venoms from SNAKES of the viperid family. They tend to be less toxic than elapid or hydrophid venoms and act mainly on the vascular system, interfering with coagulation and capillary membrane integrity and are highly cytotoxic. They contain large amounts of several enzymes, other factors, and some toxins.
Peptides, Cyclic
Peptides whose amino and carboxy ends are linked together with a peptide bond forming a circular chain. Some of them are ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS. Some of them are biosynthesized non-ribosomally (PEPTIDE BIOSYNTHESIS, NON-RIBOSOMAL).
Renal Artery
A branch of the abdominal aorta which supplies the kidneys, adrenal glands and ureters.
Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists
Drugs that bind to but do not activate alpha-adrenergic receptors thereby blocking the actions of endogenous or exogenous adrenergic agonists. Adrenergic alpha-antagonists are used in the treatment of hypertension, vasospasm, peripheral vascular disease, shock, and pheochromocytoma.
Sumatriptan
A serotonin agonist that acts selectively at 5HT1 receptors. It is used in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.
Pulmonary Circulation
The circulation of the BLOOD through the LUNGS.
Rats, Wistar
A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.
Arginine Vasopressin
The predominant form of mammalian antidiuretic hormone. It is a nonapeptide containing an ARGININE at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked cysteines at residues of 1 and 6. Arg-vasopressin is used to treat DIABETES INSIPIDUS or to improve vasomotor tone and BLOOD PRESSURE.
Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Agonists
Compounds that bind to and activate ADRENERGIC ALPHA-1 RECEPTORS.
Laser-Doppler Flowmetry
A method of non-invasive, continuous measurement of MICROCIRCULATION. The technique is based on the values of the DOPPLER EFFECT of low-power laser light scattered randomly by static structures and moving tissue particulates.
Heart Rate
The number of times the HEART VENTRICLES contract per unit of time, usually per minute.
Adrenergic Fibers
Nerve fibers liberating catecholamines at a synapse after an impulse.
Skin Temperature
The TEMPERATURE at the outer surface of the body.
Blood Vessels
Any of the tubular vessels conveying the blood (arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins).
Phentolamine
A nonselective alpha-adrenergic antagonist. It is used in the treatment of hypertension and hypertensive emergencies, pheochromocytoma, vasospasm of RAYNAUD DISEASE and frostbite, clonidine withdrawal syndrome, impotence, and peripheral vascular disease.
Enzyme Inhibitors
Compounds or agents that combine with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.
Kidney
Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.
Astringents
Agents, usually topical, that cause the contraction of tissues for the control of bleeding or secretions.
Bretylium Compounds
Sympathetic Fibers, Postganglionic
Nerve fibers which project from sympathetic ganglia to synapses on target organs. Sympathetic postganglionic fibers use norepinephrine as transmitter, except for those innervating eccrine sweat glands (and possibly some blood vessels) which use acetylcholine. They may also release peptide cotransmitters.
Nitroarginine
An inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase which has been shown to prevent glutamate toxicity. Nitroarginine has been experimentally tested for its ability to prevent ammonia toxicity and ammonia-induced alterations in brain energy and ammonia metabolites. (Neurochem Res 1995:200(4):451-6)

Nitric oxide limits the eicosanoid-dependent bronchoconstriction and hypotension induced by endothelin-1 in the guinea-pig. (1/3794)

1. This study attempts to investigate if endogenous nitric oxide (NO) can modulate the eicosanoid-releasing properties of intravenously administered endothelin-1 (ET-1) in the pulmonary and circulatory systems in the guinea-pig. 2. The nitric oxide synthase blocker N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 300 microM; 30 min infusion) potentiated, in an L-arginine sensitive fashion, the release of thromboxane A2 (TxA2) stimulated by ET-1, the selective ET(B) receptor agonist IRL 1620 (Suc-[Glu9,Ala11,15]-ET-1(8-21)) or bradykinin (BK) (5, 50 and 50 nM, respectively, 3 min infusion) in guinea-pig isolated and perfused lungs. 3. In anaesthetized and ventilated guinea-pigs intravenous injection of ET-1 (0.1-1.0 nmol kg(-1)), IRL 1620 (0.2-1.6 nmol kg(-1)), BK (1.0-10.0 nmol kg(-1)) or U 46619 (0.2-5.7 nmol kg(-1)) each induced dose-dependent increases in pulmonary insufflation pressure (PIP). Pretreatment with L-NAME (5 mg kg(-1)) did not change basal PIP, but increased, in L-arginine sensitive manner, the magnitude of the PIP increases (in both amplitude and duration) triggered by each of the peptides (at 0.25, 0.4 and 1.0 nmol kg(-1), respectively), without modifying bronchoconstriction caused by U 46619 (0.57 nmol kg(-1)). 4. The increases in PIP induced by ET-1, IRL 1620 (0.25 and 0.4 nmol kg(-1), respectively) or U 46619 (0.57 nmol kg(-1)) were accompanied by rapid and transient increases of mean arterial blood pressure (MAP). Pretreatment with L-NAME (5 mg kg(-1); i.v. raised basal MAP persistently and, under this condition, subsequent administration of ET-1 or IRL 1620, but not of U-46619, induced hypotensive responses which were prevented by pretreatment with the cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor indomethacin. 5. Thus, endogenous NO appears to modulate ET-1-induced bronchoconstriction and pressor effects in the guinea-pig by limiting the peptide's ability to induce, possibly via ET(B) receptors, the release of TxA2 in the lungs and of vasodilatory prostanoids in the systemic circulation. Furthermore, it would seem that these eicosanoid-dependent actions of ET-1 in the pulmonary system and on systemic arterial resistance in this species are physiologically dissociated.  (+info)

Effect of acute and long-term treatment with 17-beta-estradiol on the vasomotor responses in the rat aorta. (2/3794)

1. This study sought to evaluate whether the effects of acute and long-term treatment with 17-beta-estradiol on the vasomotor responses in rat aortic rings are mediated through the same mechanism. 2. Ovariectomized rats were treated daily with either 17-beta-estradiol-3-benzoate (100 microg kg(-1)) or vehicle for 1 week. 3. The effect of long-term 17-beta-estradiol treatment on the responses to cumulative doses of phenylephrine, 5-HT, calcium, potassium and 17-beta-estradiol was determined in aortic rings. In the same rings, the effect of acute exposure to 17-beta-estradiol (5 and 10 microM) on the dose response curves for phenylephrine, 5-HT, calcium, potassium and acetylcholine were estimated. The measurements were made in rings with and without intact endothelium. The tone-related basal release of nitric oxide (NO) was measured in rings with intact endothelium. 4. Long-term 17-beta-estradiol treatment reduced the maximum developed contraction to all contracting agents studied. This effect was abolished in endothelium denuded vessels. Acute 17-beta-estradiol treatment also reduced maximal contraction. This effect, however, was independent of the endothelium. 5. Long-term 17-beta-estradiol treatment significantly increased the ability of the rings to dilate in response to acetylcholine whereas acute exposure to 17-beta-estradiol had no effect. The tone-related release of NO was significantly increased after long-term exposure to 17-beta-estradiol. 6. In conclusion, this study indicate that the acute and long-term effects of 17-beta-estradiol in the rat aorta are mediated through different mechanisms. The long-term effect is mediated through the endothelium most likely by increasing NO release. In contrast, the acute effect of 17-beta-estradiol seems to be through an effect on the vascular smooth muscle cells.  (+info)

Anaphylactic bronchoconstriction in BP2 mice: interactions between serotonin and acetylcholine. (3/3794)

1. Immunized BP2 mice developed an acute bronchoconstriction in vivo and airway muscle contraction in vitro in response to ovalbumin (OA) and these contractions were dose dependent. 2. Methysergide or atropine inhibited OA-induced bronchoconstriction in vivo and airway muscle contraction in vitro. 3. Neostigmine potentiated the OA-induced bronchoconstriction in vivo and airway muscle contraction in vitro of BP2 mice. This potentiation was markedly reduced by the administration of methysergide or atropine and when the two antagonists were administered together, the responses were completely inhibited. 4. Neostigmine also potentiated the serotonin (5-HT)- and acetylcholine (ACh)-induced bronchoconstriction and this potentiation was significantly reversed by atropine. 5. These results indicate that OA provokes a bronchoconstriction in immunized BP2 mice by stimulating the release of 5-HT, which in turn acts via the cholinergic mediator, ACh.  (+info)

Modulation of temperature-induced tone by vasoconstrictor agents. (4/3794)

One of the primary cardiovascular adjustments to hyperthermia is a sympathetically mediated increase in vascular resistance in the viscera. Nonneural factors such as a change in vascular tone or reactivity may also contribute to this response. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether vascular smooth muscle tone is altered during heating to physiologically relevant temperatures >37 degrees C. Gradually increasing bath temperature from 37 degrees C (normothermia) to 43 degrees C (severe hyperthermia) produced graded contractions in vascular ring segments from rat mesenteric arteries and thoracic aortae. In untreated rings these contractions were relatively small, whereas hyperthermia elicited near-maximal increases in tension when rings were constricted with phenylephrine or KCl before heating. In phenylephrine-treated mesenteric arterial rings, the contractile responses to heating were markedly attenuated by the Ca2+ channel antagonists nifedipine and diltiazem. Diltiazem also blocked the contractile responses to heating in thoracic aortic rings. These results demonstrate that hyperthermia has a limited effect on tension generation in rat vascular smooth muscle in the absence of vascular tone. However, in the presence of agonist-induced tone, tension generation during heating is markedly enhanced and dependent on extracellular Ca2+. In conclusion, these data suggest that local regulation of vascular tone can contribute to the hemodynamic adjustments to hyperthermia.  (+info)

Spread of vasodilatation and vasoconstriction along feed arteries and arterioles of hamster skeletal muscle. (5/3794)

1. In arterioles of the hamster cheek pouch, vasodilatation and vasoconstriction can spread via the conduction of electrical signals through gap junctions between cells that comprise the vessel wall. However, conduction in resistance networks supplying other tissues has received relatively little attention. In anaesthetized hamsters, we have investigated the spread of dilatation and constriction along feed arteries and arterioles of the retractor muscle, which is contiguous with the cheek pouch. 2. When released from a micropipette, acetylcholine (ACh) triggered vasodilatation that spread rapidly along feed arteries external to the muscle and arterioles within the muscle. Responses were independent of changes in wall shear rate, perivascular nerve activity, or release of nitric oxide, indicating cell-to-cell conduction. 3. Vasodilatation conducted without decrement along unbranched feed arteries, yet decayed markedly in arteriolar networks. Thus, branching of the conduction pathway dissipated the vasodilatation. 4. Noradrenaline (NA) or a depolarizing KCl stimulus evoked constriction of arterioles and feed arteries of the retractor muscle that was constrained to the vicinity of the micropipette. This behaviour contrasts sharply with the conduction of vasodilatation in these microvessels and with the conduction of vasoconstriction elicited by NA and KCl in cheek pouch arterioles. 5. Focal electrical stimulation produced constriction that spread rapidly along feed arteries and arterioles. These responses were inhibited by tetrodotoxin or prazosin, confirming the release of NA along perivascular sympathetic nerves, which are absent from arterioles studied in the cheek pouch. Thus, sympathetic nerve activity co-ordinated the contraction of smooth muscle cells as effectively as the conduction of vasodilatation co-ordinated their relaxation. 6. In the light of previous findings in the cheek pouch, the properties of vasoconstriction and vasodilatation in feed arteries and arterioles of the retractor muscle indicate that substantive differences can exist in the nature of signal transmission along microvessels of tissues that differ in structure and function.  (+info)

Angiotensin II-induced constrictions are masked by bovine retinal vessels. (6/3794)

PURPOSE: To unmask the vasoconstricting effect of angiotensin II (Ang II) on retinal smooth muscle by studying its interaction with endothelium-derived paracrine substances. This study focused specifically on determining the changes in vascular diameter and the release of endothelial-derived vasodilators, nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin (PG) I2, from isolated retinal microvessels. METHODS: Bovine retinal central artery and vein were cannulated, and arterioles and venules were perfused with oxygenated/heparinized physiological salt solution at 37 degrees C. This ex vivo perfused retinal microcirculation model was used to observe the contractile effects of Ang II on arterioles and venules of different diameters. The NO and PGI2 synthase inhibitors, 1-NOARG and flurbiprofen, respectively, were used to unmask Ang II vasoconstriction; the changes in vascular diameters were then measured. Enzyme immunoassays were used to measure the release of cGMP (an index of NO release) and 6-keto-PG-F1alpha (a stable metabolite of PGI2) from isolated bovine retinal vessels. RESULTS: Topically applied Ang II (10(-10) M to 10(-4) M) caused significant (P < 0.05) arteriolar and venular constrictions in a dose-dependent manner, with the smallest retinal arterioles (7+/-0.2 microm luminal diameter) and venules (12+/-2 microm luminal diameter) significantly more sensitive than larger vessels. After the inhibition of endogenous NO and PGI2 synthesis by 1-NOARG and flurbiprofen, respectively, the vasoconstriction effects of Ang II became more pronounced. Again, the smallest vessels tested were significantly more sensitive, and synthesis of endothelial-derived relaxing factor (EDRF), therefore, may be most important in these vessels. Vasoactive doses of Ang II (10(-10) M to 10(-4) M) caused a dose-dependent increase in the release of NO and PGI2 from isolated bovine retinal vessels, indicating that the increase in EDRF may nullify direct Ang II-induced vasoconstriction. Interestingly, intraluminal administration of Ang II caused only vasodilation. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that the retinal vascular endothelium acts as a buffer against the vasoconstricting agent Ang II via release of vasodilators NO and PGI2, and the vasoconstriction effects due to Ang II are most prominent in the smallest diameter vessels.  (+info)

Epidermal growth factor: a potent vasoconstrictor in experimental hypertension. (7/3794)

We have tested the hypothesis that growth factor signaling pathways are augmented in hypertension, a disease associated with vascular smooth muscle cell growth. Thoracic aorta was dissected from deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt (DOCA-salt) and one kidney, one clip (1K, 1C) hypertensive rats and from sham normotensive rats for use in isolated tissue bath experiments. Systolic blood pressure was significantly higher in DOCA-salt and 1K, 1C than in normotensive sham rats: 192 +/- 7, 185 +/- 10, and 117 +/- 4 mmHg, respectively. Although virtually no contraction to epidermal growth factor (EGF) was observed in endothelium-denuded sham rat aorta [1 +/- 1% phenylephrine (PE) (10 micromol/l)-induced contraction], the maximal EGF-induced contraction was 45 +/- 7% in endothelium-denuded aorta from DOCA-salt hypertensive rats and 39 +/- 7% in aorta from 1K, 1C rats. Although slightly attenuated, a contraction to EGF was still observed in endothelium-intact aortic strips from 28-day DOCA-salt hypertensive rats. We also conducted concentration-response curves to EGF on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, and 21 of DOCA-salt therapy. A significant contraction to EGF in aorta from DOCA-salt rats was observed on day 14, when DOCA-salt rats had significantly higher blood pressure than sham rats: 188 +/- 6 and 122 +/- 3 mmHg, respectively. Transforming growth factor-alpha, an agonist of the EGF receptor, contracted DOCA-salt rat aorta (30 +/- 7% PE-induced contraction) but not sham aorta (3 +/- 3%). The EGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor 4,5-dianilinophthalimide (10 micromol/l), the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase inhibitor PD-098059 (10 micromol/l), and the L-type voltage-gated calcium channel inhibitor diltiazem (1 mol/l), but not the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin (10 micromol/l), virtually abolished EGF-induced contraction (85, 98, and 99% reduction, respectively). These data support a striking difference in EGF signaling between normotensive and hypertensive animals. Furthermore, they provide evidence that growth factors should be considered vasoconstrictors as well as growth modulators in hypertension.  (+info)

Norepinephrine stimulates lymphoid cell mobilization from the perfused rat spleen via beta-adrenergic receptors. (8/3794)

The possibility that norepinephrine (NE) influences lymphoid cell outflow independently of its vasoconstrictor action was investigated in the perfused rat spleen. Using agents that affect the vasoconstrictor tonus of the spleen, we observed an inverse correlation between flow resistance and splenic cell output. The curve obtained served as a reference for evaluating effects of different treatments on the number of cells that are mobilized at defined levels of flow resistance. Perfusion of the beta-adrenergic blocker propranolol either alone or in combination with NE lowered splenic leukocyte outflow clearly beyond the number of cells expected at the corresponding flow resistance. No comparable effects were observed when the alpha-adrenergic blocker phentolamine was perfused. When the vasoconstrictor effect of NE was counteracted by papaverine, splenic cell outflow was significantly higher than expected for the level of flow resistance attained. Furthermore, when NE was perfused together with endotoxin, which does not inhibit the vasoconstriction induced by catecholamines, splenic cell mobilization was severalfold higher than expected at increased flow resistance. Propranolol abrogated this effect to a large extent. Furthermore, perfusion of the beta-agonist isoproterenol stimulated lymphoid cell outflow from the spleen despite increased flow resistance. These studies show a dual effect of NE on cell mobilization from the spleen: cell retention by decreasing blood flow and stimulation of cell output by a beta-adrenergically mediated, smooth muscle-independent mechanism.  (+info)

Reduction of pressor response to vasoconstrictor agents by overexpression of catalase in mice<...Reduction of pressor response to vasoconstrictor agents by overexpression of catalase in mice<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Reduction of pressor response to vasoconstrictor agents by overexpression of catalase in mice. AU - Yang, Hong. AU - Shi, MingJian. AU - VanRemmen, Holly. AU - Chen, XinLian. AU - Vijg, Jan. AU - Richardson, Arlan. AU - Guo, ZhongMao. PY - 2003/1/1. Y1 - 2003/1/1. N2 - Background: Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has been shown to induce vascular smooth muscle cell contraction in vitro. In this study, the effect of endogenously produced H2O2 on blood pressure (BP) was examined using a transgenic mouse model (hCatTg+/0) in which catalase is over-expressed. Methods: The hCatTg+/0 and wild-type mice received a bolus injection of norepinephrine (NE; 1 μg/g) or angiotensin II (Ang II; 0.5 μg/g), or an osmotic minipump infusion of NE (2.5 μg/g/day) or Ang II (0.5 μg/g/day) for 7 days. Systolic BP (SBP) was measured using a tail-cuff apparatus. H2O2 release from mouse aortas was measured using an H2O2 assay kit. Results: The hCatTg+/0 and wild-type mice showed similar basal levels of ...
https://einstein.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/reduction-of-pressor-response-to-vasoconstrictor-agents-by-overex-2
Variations in prevalence of hypotension, hypertension, and vasopressor use in NICUsVariations in prevalence of hypotension, hypertension, and vasopressor use in NICUs
Wide differences exist in the prevalence of hypotension, hypertension, and vasopressor use among NICUs. We also found an association between hypotension and IVH, but not between hypertension and IVH.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11536018/?dopt=Abstract
Refractory Shock - The Original Kings of CountyRefractory Shock - The Original Kings of County
A review by Lo, et al in 2014 looked at the available data until 2012 and concluded that methylene blue may be a useful adjunct to vasopressors in shock due to sepsis (n=159), overdose (n=1), or anaphylaxis (n=9) (5). Limitations of this review include the use of numerous case reports with only two RCTs, and significant heterogeneity with regard to patient population, study design, MB dosage, vasopressor use, timing of administration, and clinically oriented outcomes. However, there was a universal improvement in BP or MAP of patients who received MB. These effects on MAP were also confirmed by a systematic review of 5 RCTs that included the two evaluated by Lo and 3 others involving postoperative patients (6). In the studies that examined it, vasopressor requirements were significantly decreased with MB administration. The two RCTs (7,8) did not show a significant mortality difference between treatment groups, but these studies may not have been sufficiently powered to detect such a difference. ...
http://blog.clinicalmonster.com/2016/03/refractory-shock/
PublicationsPublications
Lamontagne F, Meade MO, Hébert PC, Asfar P, Lauzier F, Seely AJ, Day AG, Mehta S, Muscedere J, Bagshaw SM, Ferguson ND, Cook DJ, Kanji S, Turgeon AF, Herridge MS, Subramanian S, Lacroix J, Adhikari NK, Scales DC, Fox-Robichaud A, Skrobik Y, Whitlock RP, Green RS, Koo KK, Tanguay T, Magder S, Heyland DK; Canadian Critical Care Trials Group. Higher versus lower blood pressure targets for vasopressor therapy in shock: a multicentre pilot randomized controlled trial. Intensive Care Med. 2016 Apr;42(4):542- ...
https://medicine.dal.ca/departments/department-sites/critical-care/research/publications.html
VasopressorVasopressor
This page includes the following topics and synonyms: Vasopressor, Vasoconstrictor, Push Dose Pressor, Bolus Dose Pressor, Vasopressor Extravasation.
https://fpnotebook.com/CV/Pharm/Vsprsr.htm
VasopressorVasopressor
This page includes the following topics and synonyms: Vasopressor, Vasoconstrictor, Push Dose Pressor, Vasopressor Extravasation.
http://www.fpnotebook.com/legacy/CV/Pharm/Vsprsr.htm
The synthesis and study of vasoactive properties of new 4-functionalized 1,3-oxazoles containing the N-methyl-D-glucamine...The synthesis and study of vasoactive properties of new 4-functionalized 1,3-oxazoles containing the N-methyl-D-glucamine...
The synthesis and study of vasoactive properties of new 4-functionalized 1,3-oxazoles containing the N-methyl-D-glucamine fragment in position 5
http://ophcj.nuph.edu.ua/article/view/ophcj.17.921
Vasopressor Therapy in the Intensive Care Unit | PracticeUpdateVasopressor Therapy in the Intensive Care Unit | PracticeUpdate
PracticeUpdate® is a registered trademark of Elsevier Inc. Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.. Download My Dashboard by PracticeUpdate for easier access on your mobile device.. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. Cookie Settings. ...
https://www.practiceupdate.com/content/vasopressor-therapy-in-the-intensive-care-unit/113306/45
Vasoconstrictor - NutraWikiVasoconstrictor - NutraWiki
Vasoconstrictor -- [vas-oh-kuh n-strik-ter, vey-zoh-] noun, Physiology, Pharmacology: 1. a nerve or drug that causes vasoconstriction. Source: dictionary.reference.com/browse/vasoconstrictor
https://nutrawiki.org/vasoconstrictor/
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minutes - Marcelle Healthcare Todayminutes - Marcelle Healthcare Today
Certain, they fully are. Nonetheless, heavy respiration reduces CO2 ranges within the blood and other cells and tissues. Since CO2 is basically probably the most highly effective acknowledged vasodilator, reduced CO2 degree causes vasoconstriction (or narrowing of blood vessels). This …. » Read more ...
https://marcellemndza.com/tag/minutes
Vasoconstrictors<...Vasoconstrictors<...
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Comparison of dopamine and norepinephrine in the treatment of shock | Read by QxMDComparison of dopamine and norepinephrine in the treatment of shock | Read by QxMD
BACKGROUND: Both dopamine and norepinephrine are recommended as first-line vasopressor agents in the treatment of shock. There is a continuing controversy about whether one agent is superior to the other.. METHODS: In this multicenter, randomized trial, we assigned patients with shock to receive either dopamine or norepinephrine as first-line vasopressor therapy to restore and maintain blood pressure. When blood pressure could not be maintained with a dose of 20 microg per kilogram of body weight per minute for dopamine or a dose of 0.19 microg per kilogram per minute for norepinephrine, open-label norepinephrine, epinephrine, or vasopressin could be added. The primary outcome was the rate of death at 28 days after randomization; secondary end points included the number of days without need for organ support and the occurrence of adverse events.. RESULTS: The trial included 1679 patients, of whom 858 were assigned to dopamine and 821 to norepinephrine. The baseline characteristics of the groups ...
https://read.qxmd.com/read/20200382/comparison-of-dopamine-and-norepinephrine-in-the-treatment-of-shock
Local Inflammation and Hypoxia Abolish the Protective Anticontractile Properties of Perivascular Fat in Obese Patients |...Local Inflammation and Hypoxia Abolish the Protective Anticontractile Properties of Perivascular Fat in Obese Patients |...
Our data provide the first evidence in humans to support the hypothesis that obesity-related changes in adipose tissue have direct effects on the vasoactive properties of PVAT.14,15 We report abnormalities in adiponectin-mediated anticontractile properties of PVAT, endothelium-mediated dilation of the artery, and changes to the inflammatory and hypoxic profile of subcutaneous adipose tissue in obesity and metabolic syndrome. Additionally, using in vitro animal and human small-artery studies, hypoxia and inflammation were shown to attenuate the local vasoactive properties of PVAT by oxidative stress.. In healthy individuals, PVAT mediated an anticontractile effect. Although observed previously in medium-sized arteries,24 this is the first demonstration of this effect in human small arteries, and we are also the first to demonstrate a complete loss of the anticontractile effect in patients with obesity and metabolic syndrome. Subsequently, in vitro, we were able to replicate the biological changes ...
http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/119/12/1661
Constriction of Human Umbillcal Arteries | Circulation ResearchConstriction of Human Umbillcal Arteries | Circulation Research
Experiments on perfused segments or isolated rings of human umbilical artery showed that the magnitude of their contraction in response to bradykinin, epinephrine, or serotonin depended on the Po2 of the perfusing or bathing solution. Constriction to bradykinin varied directly with the O2 tension and was greatest when the Po2 was approximately that of umbilical arterial blood during the transition from the fetal to the neonatal period. Catecholamine beta-receptors were not demonstrated (not present or not functional) in the umbilical artery, since there was no vascular response to either isoproterenol or to propranolol. Alpha-receptors were not required for O2 or bradykinin constriction since these agents constricted the umbilical artery after enough phentolamine had been given to block constriction by norepinephrine. Because of the interaction between O2 and vasoconstrictor agents the O2 environment of umbilical vessels must be rigidly controlled in experiments measuring vascular reactivity. ...
http://circres.ahajournals.org/content/22/6/747
Line - Vasoconstrictor Agents, Anesthetics, Local Anesthetics, ATC:N01BC01, ATC:R02AD03, ATC:S01HA01, ATC...Line - Vasoconstrictor Agents, Anesthetics, Local Anesthetics, ATC:N01BC01, ATC:R02AD03, ATC:S01HA01, ATC...
Cocaine is absorbed from all sites of application, including mucous membranes and gastrointestinal mucosa. By oral or intra-nasal route, 60 to 80% of cocaine is absorbed ...
https://pharmacycode.com/Line.html
Blow - Vasoconstrictor Agents, Anesthetics, Local Anesthetics, ATC:N01BC01, ATC:R02AD03, ATC:S01HA01, ATC...Blow - Vasoconstrictor Agents, Anesthetics, Local Anesthetics, ATC:N01BC01, ATC:R02AD03, ATC:S01HA01, ATC...
Cocaine is absorbed from all sites of application, including mucous membranes and gastrointestinal mucosa. By oral or intra-nasal route, 60 to 80% of cocaine is absorbed ...
https://pharmacycode.com/Blow.html
Nurse Keiths Digital Doorway: End-of-Life Questions Strike AgainNurse Keiths Digital Doorway: End-of-Life Questions Strike Again
In my medical center, like yours, vasopressors are considered resuscitation. I am impressed that your patient responded to vasopressors alone. Ive had several patients who were DNR/DNI but positive for pressors, meaning they would want this intervention done to resuscitate them. In my experience, however, my patients who were crashing to the degree that vasopressors were necessary - none of them have survived, even with the vasopressors. So your story is very inspiring to me! I think that a full DNR/DNI is more of a wish to let me die peacefully and naturally. The times when vasopressors have been used, the deaths have been a lot more high energy as people rushed around trying to keep the patient alive. I think there is a distinct difference between these two desires and Im not sure Id agree that a full DNR/DNI should not include vasopressors, but I agree wholeheartedly that each component of the DNR should be explained to the patient and they should be permitted to accept or decline ...
http://digitaldoorway.blogspot.com/2006/02/end-of-life-questions-strike-again.html
Vasoconstriction synonyms, vasoconstriction antonyms - FreeThesaurus.comVasoconstriction synonyms, vasoconstriction antonyms - FreeThesaurus.com
Synonyms for vasoconstriction in Free Thesaurus. Antonyms for vasoconstriction. 1 word related to vasoconstriction: constriction. What are synonyms for vasoconstriction?
http://www.freethesaurus.com/vasoconstriction
ANGIOTONIN-ACTIVATOR, RENIN- AND ANGIOTONIN-INHIBITOR, AND THE MECHANISM OF ANGIOTONIN TACHYPHYLAXIS IN NORMAL, HYPERTENSIVE,...ANGIOTONIN-ACTIVATOR, RENIN- AND ANGIOTONIN-INHIBITOR, AND THE MECHANISM OF ANGIOTONIN TACHYPHYLAXIS IN NORMAL, HYPERTENSIVE,...
1. Angiotonin does not exert its vasoconstrictor effect in the absence of a substance contained in red blood cells and serum which we have called
https://rupress.org/jem/article/71/4/495/4393/ANGIOTONIN-ACTIVATOR-RENIN-AND-ANGIOTONIN
Enhancement of vasoconstrictor response by a noncalcemic analogue of vitamin D3. | HypertensionEnhancement of vasoconstrictor response by a noncalcemic analogue of vitamin D3. | Hypertension
To clarify the effects of active vitamin D3 on pressor and vascular responses to vasoconstrictor substances, we studied pressor responses to the intravenous injection of norepinephrine or angiotensin II (Ang II) and vasoconstrictor responses to norepinephrine. Sprague-Dawley rats were given 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 subcutaneously (200 ng/kg per day) for 14 days. The administration of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 augmented the pressor responses to norepinephrine and Ang II in conscious rats and was associated with a significant increase in serum calcium concentration (11.0 +/- 0.2 mg/dl). To further clarify whether the increased pressor response to vasoconstrictors may be due to the calcemic or direct action of active vitamin D3, we studied the effect of its noncalcemic analogue, 22-oxacalcitriol, and its inactive analogue, 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, on the pressor response to vasoconstrictors in rats. The pressor responses to norepinephrine and Ang II were apparently augmented in ...
http://hyper.ahajournals.org/content/21/2/253
11:25 pm11:25 pm
Kristine A. Sobolewski , Alison Brophy , Yekaterina Opsha et el published a retrospective cohort study comparing abrupt withdrawal versus taper of hydrocortisone in resolving septic shock patients.. BACKGROUND. Severe sepsis and septic shock remains one of the most common diagnosis as well as cause of death in intensive care units around the world.. Hydrocortisone has been shown to quicker resolution of shock as well as time of discharge from ICU along with fewer blood transfusions when used in patients with septic shock.. Current surviving sepsis guidelines recommend not using hydrocortisone routinely if adequate fluid resuscitation and vasopressor therapy are able to restore hemodynamic stability. If this is not achievable, then they recommend using hydrocortisone intravenously.. However, there are no comparative studies that support tapering verses abrupt cessation of steroids and inconsistency remains in medical practice with the withdrawal of steroids.. STUDY. Retrospective cohort study of ...
https://www.criticalcareupdate.com/it-is-okay-to-abruptly-stop-steroids-in-resolving-septic-shock
Epinephrine Injection (Auvi-Q) Reviews | Everyday HealthEpinephrine Injection (Auvi-Q) Reviews | Everyday Health
Epinephrine Injection (Auvi-Q) received an overall rating of 8 out of 10 stars from 7 reviews. See what others have said about Epinephrine Injection (Auvi-Q), including the effectiveness, ease of use and side effects.
https://reviews.everydayhealth.com/drugs/epinephrine
10:42 am10:42 am
Epinephrine injections, distributed by American Regent, are being recalled for discoloration and particle contamination, the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) just announced.. The nationwide recall is being conducted at the retail/hospital level and involves Epinephrine Injection, USP, 1:1000, 1 mL Ampules NDC #0517-1071-25; Lot #1395, Exp Date: July 2012. No other lot or sizes of Epinephrine Injection, USP are subject to this voluntary recall. Epinephrine Injection, USP is manufactured by Luitpold Pharmaceuticals, Inc.. Potential adverse events following intravenous administration of solutions containing particulates may include problems such as disruption of blood flow within small blood vessels in the lung, localized inflammation (swelling and redness), and granuloma formation. Muscle and adipose tissue damage may also occur when intramuscular or subcutaneous injection of solutions containing particulates occurs. Adverse events with intra-spinal injection for Epinephrine injections that ...
http://www.newsinferno.com/epinephrine-injections-recalled-for-discoloration-particle-contamination/
Effect of subcutaneous sumatriptan, a selective 5HT1 agonist, on the systemic, pulmonary, and coronary circulation.Effect of subcutaneous sumatriptan, a selective 5HT1 agonist, on the systemic, pulmonary, and coronary circulation.
BACKGROUND: Sumatriptan (GR43175) is a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT1) receptor agonist effective in the acute treatment of migraine. Recent in vitro experiments suggest that it has vasoactive properties in vascular beds distinct from the cerebr
http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Effect-subcutaneous-sumatriptan-selective-5HT1/8381056.html
Septocaine (Articane HCl and Epinephrine Injection): Side Effects, Interactions, Warning, Dosage & UsesSeptocaine (Articane HCl and Epinephrine Injection): Side Effects, Interactions, Warning, Dosage & Uses
Learn about Septocaine (Articane HCl and Epinephrine Injection) may treat, uses, dosage, side effects, drug interactions, warnings, patient labeling, reviews, and related medications.
https://www.rxlist.com/septocaine-drug.htm
Sensorcaine/Epinephrine Injection : Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings & Dosing - WebMDSensorcaine/Epinephrine Injection : Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings & Dosing - WebMD
Find patient medical information for Sensorcaine/Epinephrine Injection on WebMD including its uses, side effects and safety, interactions, pictures, warnings and user ratings.
https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-1156/sensorcaine-epinephrine-injection/details
Issues | The Netherlands Journal of Critical Care (NJCC)Issues | The Netherlands Journal of Critical Care (NJCC)
Shock is one of the leading causes of ICU admission, and is associated with a high risk of death, whatever its cause. Ad- renergic agents are the most commonly used vasopressor agents. Although the alpha-adrenergic properties of these agents raise blood pressure, they can also variably stimulate the beta-adrenergic and dopaminergic receptors. Accordingly, these agents have different haemodynamic profiles as well as different metabolic profiles. Minimal beta-adrenergic stimulation may be beneficial in preventing the decrease in cardiac output related to the increase in left ventricular afterload associated with the correction of hypotension. However, excessive beta-adrenergic stimulation (which can occur as the doses of these agents are adjusted for the vasopressor effect can have profound metabolic effects and promote arrhythmias. Whether these differences in haemodynamic and metabolic profiles impact out- come has long been undefined. Two randomized trials comparing dopamine and norepinephrine ...
https://njcc.nl/artikel/1076
Vasoactive drugs in the intensive care unit<...Vasoactive drugs in the intensive care unit<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Vasoactive drugs in the intensive care unit. AU - Prielipp, Richard C.. AU - Butterworth IV, John F.. PY - 1997/7/1. Y1 - 1997/7/1. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=27644558318&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=27644558318&partnerID=8YFLogxK. M3 - Article. AN - SCOPUS:27644558318. VL - 9. SP - 332. EP - 355. JO - International Anesthesiology Clinics. JF - International Anesthesiology Clinics. SN - 0020-5907. IS - 3. ER - ...
https://experts.umn.edu/en/publications/vasoactive-drugs-in-the-intensive-care-unit
Abnormal Vasoconstrictor Responses to Angiotensin II and Noradrenaline in Isolated Small Arteries From Patients With Cerebral...Abnormal Vasoconstrictor Responses to Angiotensin II and Noradrenaline in Isolated Small Arteries From Patients With Cerebral...
Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on Stroke.. NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. ...
http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/early/2004/03/04/01.STR.0000120730.54282.A0
Krames Online - Epinephrine injectionKrames Online - Epinephrine injection
This medicine is for injection under the skin, into a muscle or into a vein. It is given by a health care professional in a clinic or hospital setting.. Talk to your pediatrician regarding the use of this medicine in children. While this medicine may be prescribed for children for selected conditions, precautions do apply.. ...
http://geisinger.kramesonline.com/Medications/121,747
Vasopressors - WikEMVasopressors - WikEM
Hawn JM, Bauer SR, Yerke J, et al. Effect of phenylephrine push prior to continuous infusion norepinephrine in patients with septic shock [published online ahead of print, 2020 Dec 11]. Chest. 2020;S0012-3692(20)35353-8. doi:10.1016/j.chest.2020.11.051 ...
https://www.wikem.org/wiki/Push-dose_pressors
Auvi-Q (Epinephrine Auto-Injector) Information - Drugs.comAuvi-Q (Epinephrine Auto-Injector) Information - Drugs.com
Auvi-Q (epinephrine injection) is used to treat life-threatening allergic reactions. Includes Auvi-Q side effects, interactions and indications.
https://www.drugs.com/auvi-q.html
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Pulmonary vasoconstrictor reactivity following intermittent hypoxia by Jessica SnowPulmonary vasoconstrictor reactivity following intermittent hypoxia by Jessica Snow
Sleep apnea (SA) affects as many as 20% of the adult population in the United States. It elicits intermittent hypoxia (IH) and causes pulmonary hypertension (PH), however the mechanisms of this PH have not been well studied. IH has been shown to cause polycythemia, pulmonary vascular remodeling and increases in vasoconstrictor reactivity. CO2 supplementation may be protective in the development of PH, therefore we assessed effects of IH with and without CO2 supplementation on indices of PH and pulmonary vasoconstrictor reactivity. IH with CO2 supplementation resulted in eucapnic IH (E-IH) and the lack of polycythemia or vascular remodeling. However, E-IH caused significant right ventricular hypertrophy and increased pulmonary vasoconstrictor reactivity, which was mediated by vascular smooth muscle (VSM) Ca2+ sensitization. We, therefore, sought to determine the mechanism of this enhanced vasoconstrictor reactivity by assessing vasoconstriction and VSM Ca2+ responses to the endothelium-derived
http://digitalrepository.unm.edu/biom_etds/3/
Microsomal Prostaglandin Synthase-1-Derived Prostaglandin E2 Protects Against Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension via...Microsomal Prostaglandin Synthase-1-Derived Prostaglandin E2 Protects Against Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension via...
Ang II infusion induces an immediate vasoconstrictive response that is typically followed by a gradual recovery despite continued infusion of the pressor agent. The buffering effect on Ang II-induced vasoconstriction is at least in part mediated by vasodilatory PGs, including PGE2.14,16-18 In a previous study, we discovered a novel role of mPGES-1-derived PGE2 in modulating Ang II-induced hypertensive response. In extension of this work, the present study demonstrated that the vasculoprotection of PGE2 is mediated by the suppression of oxidative stress.. Ang II-induced hypertension in mPGES-1−/− mice was completely prevented by Tempol treatment and was fully restored on termination of the antioxidant. Treatment with a second antioxidant, apocynin, produced a similar blood pressure-lowering effect. Apocynin is widely used as an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase19 but was recently found to inhibit vascular oxidative stress via an NADPH oxidase-independent mechanism.20 Together, the similar results ...
http://hyper.ahajournals.org/content/52/5/952
Angiotensin II in vasodilatory shock: lights and shadows | Critical Care | Full TextAngiotensin II in vasodilatory shock: lights and shadows | Critical Care | Full Text
Data from the literature show lights and shadows about the use of angiotensin II (Ang II), for instance as an alternative vasopressor in patients with vasodilatory shock that requires high doses of catecholamines. Recently, an international randomized controlled trial (ATHOS-3) [1] has shown that Ang II can induce a significant increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP) if compared to placebo. Moreover, during the first 48 hours from the randomization, doses of the vasopressors (norepinephrine (NE) and vasopressin) were significantly reduced in the Ang II group but not in the placebo group. Interestingly, no difference in adverse effects was remarkable between the two groups.. However, some important issues need to be clarified before any definitive conclusion about Ang II in vasodilatory shock. Firstly, we do not know exactly the timing for Ang II initiation: is it better to add Ang II only when NE doses jump to 0.2 μg/kg/min or when NE requirements rapidly increase (e.g., 0.5 μg/kg every ...
https://ccforum.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13054-017-1869-9
Septic shock - Cardiology & Pulmonology - Rare Diseases And Symptoms - AOP OrphanSeptic shock - Cardiology & Pulmonology - Rare Diseases And Symptoms - AOP Orphan
Septic shock is a life-threatening condition requiring intense patient monitoring and supportive therapy for organ dysfunction. Release of inflammatory mediators leads to widespread vasodilatation, capillary leak and reduced systemic vascular resistance. After initial fluid resuscitation, vasopressor therapy is required. These agents have their effect by increasing vascular resistance, raising mean arterial pressure and maintaining perfusion of critical body tissues and organ systems. ...
https://www.aoporphan.com/uk_en/rare-diseases/cardiology-pulmonology/catecholamine-refractory-hypotension
Terlipressin versus Norepinephrine to Counteract Anesthesia-induced Hypotension in Patients Treated with Renin-Angiotensin...Terlipressin versus Norepinephrine to Counteract Anesthesia-induced Hypotension in Patients Treated with Renin-Angiotensin...
It is unclear whether terlipressin could be harmful to the splanchnic circulation. In our study, after a bolus dose of terlipressin, despite the restoration of MAP, we observed a significant decrease in cardiac index as a result of an increase in vascular resistance. The vasoconstriction after terlipressin administration17-20 could cause, or at least worsen, hypoperfusion-related alterations in organ function. Accordingly, the main finding of the study was the significant decrease in gastric mucosal perfusion, mainly linked to the potent vasoconstriction with the resultant decrease in cardiac index observed after terlipressin as compared with norepinephrine. The reduction of cardiac index is correlated not only to the rapid increase of the vascular resistances (mathematically coupled) but also to the reduction of HR. The phenomenon of the decrease in HR is attributable to a strong reflex suppression of cardiac output that is seen even at physiologic plasma concentrations of arginine ...
http://anesthesiology.pubs.asahq.org/article.aspx?articleid=2026167
Plus itPlus it
The influence of i.a. infusions of equivalent doses of prostaglandins (PG) E1, E2, F1α and F2α on vasoconstrictor responses to norepinephrine and sympathetic nerve stimulation were evaluated in the dog hindpaw perfused at constant flow. Infusions of PGE1 and PGE2,1 µg/min, decreased vascular resistance in the hindpaw. PGE1 markedly reduced responses to i.a. norepinephrine, angiotensin and sympathetic nerve stimulation whereas PGE2 did not alter these responses. However, when the infusion rate was increased to 2 µg/min, responses to nerve stimulation, but not norepinephrine, were enhanced. Infusion of PGF1α, and PGF2α, 1 µg/min, caused no change in vancular resistance in the hindpaw but enhanced the response to sympathetic nerve stimulation. PGF1α, decreased the response to norepinephrine whereas PGF2α, was without effect. These results suggest that PGF2α may enhance adrenergic transmission in the hindpaw by facilitating the release of transmitter from sympathetic nerve endings and that ...
http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/177/3/641
ACAD Isolated Tissue Data Acquisition SoftwareACAD Isolated Tissue Data Acquisition Software
|br/|Signals Analyzed:|br/| • Isometric Muscle Contraction|br/| • Isotonic Muscle Contraction |br/||br/| The basic version of HSE-ACAD for smooth muscles calculates the following parameter: |br/||br/| • Resting tension |br/||br/| The HSE-HA ACAD software can be adapted to virtually any experimental investigation in tissue bath experiments. It is possible to acquire signals from isotonic (displacement) or isometric (force) measurements. The isotonic displacement measurement is used on smooth muscles, for example on ileum, ductus deferens, lung strips, also bladder... Isometric force measurement is used with tracheal muscle, atrium, papillary muscle, aortic rings, veins or other vessel rings. Experiments on spontaneously beating or electrically stimulated tissues are also possible. Various parameters can be derived from these signals depending on the model used. During data acquisition all acquired signals and derived parameters are stored on the hard disc and can be displayed graphically
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https://raseproject.org/treat/viagra-pinconning/97/
LIGHTHOUSE™- Epinephrine Injection USP 1mg/ml , 1 Vial/Unit - HANSAmed Limited StoreLIGHTHOUSE™- Epinephrine Injection USP 1mg/ml , 1 Vial/Unit - HANSAmed Limited Store
LIGHTHOUSE™- Epinephrine Injection USP 1mg/ml Epinephrine is the primary treatment for anaphylaxis with no absolute contraindication to its use. It is indicated for athsma unresponsive to salbutamol. Administration of the emergency kit back up ampoules may be repeated every 5 to 15 minutes if there is insufficient response. A second dose is needed in 16-35% of episodes. This product includes 1ml ampule of epinephrine.. ...
http://www.hansamed.net/compliance/lighthouse-epinephrine-injection-usp-1mg-ml-1-vial-unit/
Epinephrine Injection Solution Information - Drugs.comEpinephrine Injection Solution Information - Drugs.com
Easy to read patient leaflet for Epinephrine Injection Solution. Includes indications, proper use, special instructions, precautions, and possible side effects.
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Abstract 1475: The Apelin-APJ Pathway Is an Endogenous Regulator of Cardiac Function and Is Upregulated in Cardiac Pressure...Abstract 1475: The Apelin-APJ Pathway Is an Endogenous Regulator of Cardiac Function and Is Upregulated in Cardiac Pressure...
The inotropic and vasoactive properties of the ligand apelin and its cognate G-protein coupled receptor APJ have been characterized by administration of exogenous peptide, but the function of endogenous apelin on the cardiovascular system is not well described. To investigate the tonic effects of apelin-APJ in contractile function, we generated and characterized apelin and APJ null mice. We also investigated the regulation of apelin and APJ receptor expression in response to cardiac pressure overload. While knockout apelin mice were viable and fertile, APJ null mice showed evidence of fetal wastage for approximately half of the embryos. Compared to wild-type controls, APJ deficient mice reaching adulthood had significantly reduced exercise capacity (treadmill runtime: 20.30 ± 0.974 vs. 23.64 ± 0.737, P=0.009) and LV fractional shortening by echocardiography (29.88 ± 0.927% vs. 44.93 ± 2.66%, P,0.0001). Isolated myocytes from APJ knockouts exhibited reduced sarcomeric shortening (5.070 ± ...
http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/118/Suppl_18/S_333.2
EpiPen (sterile epinephrine injection USP) | Pfizer CanadaEpiPen (sterile epinephrine injection USP) | Pfizer Canada
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What does vasoconstriction mean?What does vasoconstriction mean?
Definition of vasoconstriction in the Definitions.net dictionary. Meaning of vasoconstriction. What does vasoconstriction mean? Information and translations of vasoconstriction in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web.
http://www.definitions.net/definition/vasoconstriction
The Paramedics Diary: March 2008The Paramedics Diary: March 2008
In the early hours of the morning, near the end of the shift, I received a call to a 19 year-old male who was having an allergic reaction to his medicine. I arrived to find the man shivering in a chair and looking unwell. His friends were with him and they told me that he had brought medicine for a cold back from India where he had been recently and that he had started reacting to it. He had an erythemic rash but his airway seemed safe. His BP was a concern, however; it was consistently low - sometimes very low. When the crew arrived and we got him into the ambulance, we pondered this situation some more and I noticed that his feet were a little swollen and very red. I considered the possibility that the reaction was causing fluid pooling in his peripheries, which would explain his low BP. His legs were raised but this didnt help much, so I set up fluids and asked the crew to give him adrenaline, which would reverse the effects of histamine and nitric oxide and cause vasoconstriction, which in ...
http://theparamedicsdiary.blogspot.co.uk/2008/03/
Which medications in the drug class Nebulized Vasoconstrictors are used in the treatment of Croup?Which medications in the drug class Nebulized Vasoconstrictors are used in the treatment of Croup?
Nebulized VasoconstrictorsEpinephrine stimulates alpha receptors and beta2 receptors. It constricts the precapillary arterioles, thus decreasing airway edema. Because of the potential adverse effects ... more
https://www.medscape.com/answers/962972-22253/which-medications-in-the-drug-class-nebulized-vasoconstrictors-are-used-in-the-treatment-of-croup
Norepinephrine - indikasi, dosis, interaksi dan efek samping - AlomedikaNorepinephrine - indikasi, dosis, interaksi dan efek samping - Alomedika
Norepinephrine merupakan vasopressor pilihan pertama pada syok sepsis setelah resusitasi cairan adekuat. Norepinephrine juga dapat digunakan untuk syok kardiogenik. Obat ini merupakan agnois reseptor adrenergik yang
https://www.alomedika.com/obat/obat-kardiovaskuler/obat-syok-kardiogenik-dan-sepsis/norephinephrine
MPI 5004 - AdisInsightMPI 5004 - AdisInsight
MPI 5004 is a methotrexate formulation in a biodegradable gel-like matrix. Inclusion of the vasoconstrictor epinephrine in the gel aids the to localisation of
http://adisinsight.springer.com/drugs/800006659?error=cookies_not_supported&code=d57686a5-a9fa-4af9-9cfb-8cfc2349883c
The Venice Simplon-Orient-Express heads to Berlin in 2016 - World Luxury TourismThe Venice Simplon-Orient-Express heads to Berlin in 2016 - World Luxury Tourism
Departing London on Thursday 2 June, the 2 day, 1 night journey from London to Berlin allows guests the time to slow down, relax and enjoy the journey as the train makes its way through Northern France; traversing the German countryside and arriving in time to spend the weekend in one of Europes most fascinating cities.. Venice Simplon-Orient-Express brings to life the romance and nostalgia of the golden age of travel with its luxurious vintage carriages. The decorative wooden marquetry and ornate furnishings provide the stylish setting for memorable experiences from the fine dining in the elegant dining cars, to classic cocktails, champagne and entertainment in the bar car. The sleeper cabins are attended to by personal stewards who ensure a comfortable journey.. The Venice Simplon-Orient-Express makes its return journey from Berlin to Paris or London on 4 June 2016. Prices start from £2,210 per person sharing a double cabin includes all meals served on board.. ...
http://www.worldluxurytourism.com/the-venice-simplon-orient-express-heads-to-berlin-in-2016/
Local anestheticLocal anesthetic
ISBN 978-0-07-136704-2. Yagiela JA (1995). "Vasoconstrictor agents for local anesthesia". Anesthesia Progress. 42 (3-4): 116-20 ... which is usually water-based or just sterile water Vasoconstrictor possibly (see below) Reducing agent (antioxidant), e.g. if ... the maximum doses of LAs when combined with a vasoconstrictor is higher compared to the same LA without any vasoconstrictor. ... Local anaesthetics and vasoconstrictors may be administered to pregnant patients however it is very important to be extra ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_anesthetic
VasoconstrictionVasoconstriction
Yagiela JA (1995). "Vasoconstrictor agents for local anesthesia". Anesth Prog. 42 (3-4): 116-20. PMC 2148913. PMID 8934977. ... Vasoconstrictors are also used clinically to increase blood pressure or to reduce local blood flow. Vasoconstrictors mixed with ... Many vasoconstrictors also cause pupil dilation. Medications that cause vasoconstriction include: antihistamines, decongestants ... Medications causing vasoconstriction, also known as vasoconstrictors, are one type of medicine used to raise blood pressure. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasoconstriction
Blood vesselBlood vessel
It is regulated by vasoconstrictors (agents that cause vasoconstriction). These include paracrine factors (e.g. prostaglandins ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular
OrnipressinOrnipressin
... is a vasoconstrictor, haemostatic and renal agent. H. Fruhstofer, M.D., M. Heisler, M.D. (1994). "Dose-response ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ornipressin
ThromboxaneThromboxane
... is a vasoconstrictor and a potent hypertensive agent, and it facilitates platelet aggregation. ... Ratti, S; Quarato, P; Casagrande, C; Fumagalli, R; Corsini, A (1998). "Picotamide, an antithromboxane agent, inhibits the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thromboxane_inhibitors
Reflex syncopeReflex syncope
Vasoconstrictors. *Anticholinergic agents. *Negative cardiac inotropes. *Central agents. *Mechanical device. *Discontinuation ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasovagal_response
Von Willebrand diseaseVon Willebrand disease
There are no restrictions regarding the type of local anaesthetic agent used although those with vasoconstrictors may provide ... Surgicel or fibrin glue in conjunction with post-operatively administered antifibrinolytic agents where appropriate. The use of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Von_Willebrand_disease
Dental anesthesiaDental anesthesia
Some agents come in two forms: with and without epinephrine (adrenaline) or other vasoconstrictor that allow the agent to last ... The lingual nerve is also anesthetized through diffusion of the agent to produce a numb tongue as well as anesthetizing the ... There are mainly 2 classes of local anaesthetic agents: Amide or Ester linkages, based on their chemical structure. E.g. of ... In root canal treatment, for example, more Lidocaine is required than for a simple filling Other local anesthetic agents in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_anesthesia
TuaminoheptaneTuaminoheptane
... is a sympathomimetic agent and vasoconstrictor which was formerly used as a nasal decongestant. It has also been used as a ... Tuaminoheptane has been found to act as a reuptake inhibitor and releasing agent of norepinephrine, which may underlie its ... The chemical structure of the drug differs from that of other norepinephrine releasing agents, such as the phenethylamines, ... 623-. ISBN 978-1-4757-2085-3. I.K. Morton; Judith M. Hall (6 December 2012). Concise Dictionary of Pharmacological Agents: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuaminoheptane
Impedance cardiographyImpedance cardiography
... with the vasoactive pharmacological agents (vasoconstrictors or vasodilators and/or ACE Inhibitors and/or ARBs)(ACE = ... cardioactive or vasoactive agents. The measurement of CI and its derivatives allow clinicians to make timely patient assessment ... Pharmacological modulation of contractility is performed with cardioactive inotropic agents (positive or negative inotropes) ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impedance_cardiography
PulpotomyPulpotomy
Ferric sulphate, sodium hypochlorite or a local anaesthetic solution containing a vasoconstrictor agent can be used to arrest ... It is also recommended to be the preferred pulpotomy agent in the future. After the coronal pulp chamber is filled, the tooth ... Fei, A. L.; Udin, R. D.; Johnson, R. (November 1991). "A clinical study of ferric sulfate as a pulpotomy agent in primary teeth ... Calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 is conventionally used as a pulpotomy agent of the permanent teeth but with less long term success. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulpotomy
Periradicular surgeryPeriradicular surgery
"Influence of hemostatic agents upon the outcome of periapical surgery: Dressings with anesthetic and vasoconstrictor or ... These topical agents should be removed before closing the surgical site. When the flap has been sutured in position, ... Bleeding in the bone is also affected by the local anaesthetic's vasoconstriction and topically-applied agents. ... Local anaesthetic, with an appropriate vasoconstrictor, is used during endodontic surgery to achieve anaesthesia and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periradicular_surgery
Reflex syncopeReflex syncope
Types of long-term therapy for vasovagal syncope include Preload agents Vasoconstrictors Anticholinergic agents Negative ... cardiac inotropes Central agents Mechanical device Discontinuation of medications known to lower blood pressure may be helpful ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflex_syncope
HemorrhoidHemorrhoid
Steroid-containing agents should not be used for more than 14 days, as they may cause thinning of the skin. Most agents include ... and a vasoconstrictor such as epinephrine. Some contain Balsam of Peru to which certain people may be allergic. Flavonoids are ... While many topical agents and suppositories are available for the treatment of hemorrhoids, little evidence supports their use ... These may include a barrier cream such as petroleum jelly or zinc oxide, an analgesic agent such as lidocaine, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemorrhoid
Acute coronary syndromeAcute coronary syndrome
In patients who has been administered with digitalis agents (digoxin, methyl-digoxin), the vasoconstrictor dose should be ... It is very important to limit the use of vasoconstrictor in local anesthesia, with no more than two carpules. The treatment ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_coronary_syndrome
Epinephrine (medication)Epinephrine (medication)
... as a vasoconstrictor to slow the absorption and, therefore, prolong the action of the anesthetic agent. Due to epinephrine's ... "Part 6: Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support Section 6: Pharmacology II: Agents to Optimize Cardiac Output and Blood Pressure ... contrast agents, medicines or people with a history of anaphylactic reactions to known triggers. A single dose is recommended ... maximum recommended daily dosage for people in a dental setting requiring local anesthesia with a peripheral vasoconstrictor is ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epinephrine_
NaphazolineNaphazoline
It is a sympathomimetic agent with marked alpha adrenergic activity. It is a vasoconstrictor with a rapid action in reducing ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naphazoline
ParacentesisParacentesis
However, for every end-point investigated, while albumin was favorable as compared to other agents (e.g., plasma expanders, ... vasoconstrictors), these were not statistically significant and the meta-analysis was limited by the quality of the studies - ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paracentesis
VasoconstrictionVasoconstriction
"Vasoconstrictor agents for local anesthesia". Anesth Prog. 42 (3-4): 116-20. PMC 2148913. PMID 8934977.. ... Vasoconstrictors are also used clinically to increase blood pressure or to reduce local blood flow. Vasoconstrictors mixed with ... Vasoconstrictor[4]. Receptor (↑ = opens. ↓ = closes)[4] On vascular smooth muscle cells if not otherwise specified Transduction ... Redirected from Vasoconstrictors). Vasoconstriction is the narrowing of the blood vessels resulting from contraction of the ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasoconstrictors
SerotoninSerotonin
... and Irvine Page of the Cleveland Clinic discovered a vasoconstrictor substance in blood serum, and since it was a serum agent ... These agents are available as dietary supplements, and may be effective serotonergic agents. One product of serotonin breakdown ... Various agents can inhibit 5-HT reuptake, including cocaine, dextromethorphan (an antitussive), tricyclic antidepressants and ... When the platelets bind to a clot, they release serotonin, where it can serve as a vasoconstrictor or a vasodilator while ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serotonin
Antihypotensive agentAntihypotensive agent
Some antihypotensive drugs act as vasoconstrictors to increase total peripheral resistance, others sensitize adrenoreceptors to ... An antihypotensive agent, also known as a vasopressor agent or simply vasopressor, or pressor, is any medication that tends to ... Antihypotensive agents can be classified as follows:[citation needed] Sympathomimetics Epinephrine Noradrenaline Phenylephrine ... Betamethasone Fludrocortisone Positive inotropic agents Cardiac glycosides Strophantin K Convallatoxin Digoxin PDE3 inhibitors ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antihypotensive_agent
Vittorio ErspamerVittorio Erspamer
In 1948, Maurice M. Rapport, Arda Green, and Irvine Page of the Cleveland Clinic discovered a vasoconstrictor substance in ... blood serum, and since it was a serum agent affecting vascular tone, they named it serotonin. In 1952 it was shown that ... "Serum vasoconstrictor, serotonin; isolation and characterization". J. Biol. Chem. 176 (3): 1243-51. PMID 18100415. Feldberg W, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vittorio_Erspamer
SerotoninSerotonin
... and Irvine Page of the Cleveland Clinic discovered a vasoconstrictor substance in blood serum, and since it was a serum agent ... These agents are available as dietary supplements, and may be effective serotonergic agents. One product of serotonin breakdown ... When the platelets bind to a clot, they release serotonin, where it can serve as a vasoconstrictor or a vasodilator while ... It is thus active wherever platelets bind in damaged tissue, as a vasoconstrictor to stop bleeding, and also as a fibrocyte ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serotonin
PhentolaminePhentolamine
It is important to note that phentolamine is not a first-line agent for this indication. Phentolamine should only be given to ... Branded as OraVerse, it is a phentolamine mesylate injection designed to reverse the local vasoconstrictor properties used in ... Phentolamine is marketed in the dental field as a local anesthetic reversal agent. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phentolamine
Angiotensin-converting enzymeAngiotensin-converting enzyme
Therefore, ACE can be inhibited by metal-chelating agents. The E384 residue was found to have a dual function. First it acts as ... Thus, the same enzyme (ACE) that generates a vasoconstrictor (ANG II) also disposes of vasodilators (bradykinin). ACE is a zinc ... Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor in a substrate concentration-dependent manner. Angiotensin II binds to the type 1 ... It converts the hormone angiotensin I to the active vasoconstrictor angiotensin II. Therefore, ACE indirectly increases blood ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin-converting_enzyme
HemorrhoidHemorrhoid
... an analgesic agent such as lidocaine, and a vasoconstrictor such as epinephrine.[2] Some contain Balsam of Peru to which ... Steroid-containing agents should not be used for more than 14 days, as they may cause thinning of the skin.[1] Most agents ... Sclerotherapy involves the injection of a sclerosing agent, such as phenol, into the hemorrhoid. This causes the vein walls to ... While many topical agents and suppositories are available for the treatment of hemorrhoids, little evidence supports their use. ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemorrhoid
CyclopentamineCyclopentamine
... acts as a releasing agent of the catecholamine neurotransmitters norepinephrine (noradrenaline), epinephrine ( ... classified as a vasoconstrictor. Cyclopentamine was indicated in the past as an over-the-counter (OTC) medication for use as a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclopentamine
MedicationMedication
In the inter-war period, the first anti-bacterial agents such as the sulpha antibiotics were developed. The Second World War ... vasoconstrictors, vasodilators. Affecting blood pressure/(antihypertensive drugs): ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor ... These were drugs that worked chiefly as anti-anxiety agents and muscle relaxants. The first benzodiazepine was Librium. Three ... Antifungal, alkalinizing agents, quinolones, antibiotics, cholinergics, anticholinergics, antispasmodics, 5-alpha reductase ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medication
LevomethamphetamineLevomethamphetamine
... is a sympathomimetic vasoconstrictor which is the active ingredient in some over-the-counter (OTC) nasal ... functioning as a selective norepinephrine releasing agent (with few or no effects on the release of dopamine), so it affects ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levomethamphetamine
YohimbineYohimbine
... norepinephrine is the major vasoconstrictor through stimulation of α1 receptors on the corpus cavernosum smooth muscle. Under ... Norepinephrine releasing agents. *Stimulants. *Sympathomimetics. *Vasoconstrictors. *Vasodilators. Hidden categories: *CS1 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yohimbine
MedicationMedication
antifungal, alkalinizing agents, quinolones, antibiotics, cholinergics, anticholinergics, antispasmodics, 5-alpha reductase ... vasoconstrictors, vasodilators. ... In the inter-war period, the first anti-bacterial agents such ... These were drugs that worked chiefly as anti-anxiety agents and muscle relaxants. The first benzodiazepine was Librium. Three ... HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for lowering LDL cholesterol inhibitors: hypolipidaemic agents. ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmaceutical
ErgolineErgoline
It acts as a vasoconstrictor and has been reported to control migraines. From ergotomine, the anti-migraine drugs ... Also indirect D2 agonists, such as dopamine reuptake inhibitors (cocaine, methylphenidate), releasing agents (amphetamine, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ergoline
Hypertensive emergencyHypertensive emergency
Abrupt increase in systemic vascular resistance, likely related to humoral vasoconstrictors. *Endothelial injury and ... Several classes of antihypertensive agents are recommended, with the choice depending on the cause of the hypertensive crisis, ... Other intravenous agents like nitroglycerine, nicardipine, labetalol, fenoldopam or phentolamine can also be used, but all have ... the blood pressure should be slowly lowered over a period of minutes to hours with an antihypertensive agent. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertensive_emergency
AnalgesicAnalgesic
Psychotropic agents[edit]. Other psychotropic analgesic agents include ketamine (an NMDA receptor antagonist), clonidine and ... They can also be found in combination with vasoconstrictor drugs such as pseudoephedrine for sinus-related preparations, or ... Unselective agents Aceclofenac. Comes in betadex salt and free acid forms; practically insoluble in water, soluble in many ... Other agents directly potentiate the effects of analgesics, such as using hydroxyzine, promethazine, carisoprodol, or ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algesic
Hepatorenal syndromeHepatorenal syndrome
Other agents that have been investigated for use in treatment of HRS include pentoxifylline,[34] acetylcysteine,[35] and ... Vasoconstrictors and volume expanders are the mainstay of treatment.[6]. Type 2 hepatorenal syndromeEdit. In contrast, type 2 ... The medications are respectively systemic vasoconstrictors and inhibitors of splanchnic vasodilation, and were not found to be ... caused by intravenous administration of contrast agents used for medical imaging tests.[3] ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatorenal_syndrome
Blood pressureBlood pressure
Angiotensin II is a vasoconstrictor which will increase blood flow to the heart and subsequently the preload, ultimately ... also contributes to changing the caliber of small blood vessels and influencing resistance and reactivity to vasoactive agents. ... Substances called vasoconstrictors reduce the caliber of blood vessels, thereby increasing blood pressure. Vasodilators (such ... the kidney to compensate for loss in blood volume or drops in arterial pressure by activating an endogenous vasoconstrictor ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arterial_blood_pressure
Pulmonary hypertensionPulmonary hypertension
A number of agents have recently been introduced for primary and secondary PAH. The trials supporting the use of these agents ... It also acts on ETB receptors in endothelial cells; this leads to the release of both vasoconstrictors and vasodilators from ... External agents/. occupational. lung disease. Pneumoconiosis Aluminosis. Asbestosis. Baritosis. Bauxite fibrosis. Berylliosis. ... Torres F (October 2007). "Systematic review of randomised, double-blind clinical trials of oral agents conducted in patients ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_Hypertension
एनेस्थेसिया - विकिपिडियाएनेस्थेसिया - विकिपिडिया
न्यालक्सेन, although chemically similar to some analgesics, is not a painkiller र reverses the effects of morphine-like agents. ... Anesthetic/anesthetic - Lidocaine/prilocaine Anesthetic/vasoconstrictor - Iontocaine. #WHO-EM. ‡Withdrawn from market. Clinical ...
https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/एनेस्थेसिया
AnalgesicAnalgesic
Unselective agents Aceclofenac. Comes in betadex salt and free acid forms; practically insoluble in water, soluble in many ... They can also be found in combination with vasoconstrictor drugs such as pseudoephedrine for sinus-related preparations, or ... Other agents directly potentiate the effects of analgesics, such as using hydroxyzine, promethazine, carisoprodol, or ... but also by acting as a weak but fast-acting serotonin releasing agent and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor.[12][13][14][15] ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Painkiller
ProcaineProcaine
Vasoconstrictors in local anesthesia for dentistry. Anesth Prog. 1992;39:187-93. ... sclerosing agents for local injection. *Monoethanolamine oleate. *Polidocanol. *Inverted sugar syrup. *Sodium tetradecyl ... a vasoconstrictor, procaine does not have the euphoric and addictive qualities that put it at risk for abuse. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procaine
Wikipedia:WikiProject Medicine/Cochrane/Cochrane Review List/Musculoskeletal, Oral, Skin and SensoryWikipedia:WikiProject Medicine/Cochrane/Cochrane Review List/Musculoskeletal, Oral, Skin and Sensory
Topical anaesthetic or vasoconstrictor preparations for flexible fibre-optic nasal pharyngoscopy and laryngoscopy PMID 21412890 ... Topical agents or dressings for pain in venous leg ulcers PMID 23152206 https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD001177.pub3 ... Dressings and topical agents for surgical wounds healing by secondary intention PMID 15106207 https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858. ... Topical antimicrobial agents for treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes PMID 28613416 https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Medicine/Cochrane/Cochrane_Review_List/Musculoskeletal,_Oral,_Skin_and_Sensory
ProstaglandinProstaglandin
... are vasoconstrictors and facilitate platelet aggregation. Their name comes from their role in clot formation (thrombosis). ... but also neutralized the changes of the retina and the choroid thickness caused by the injection of pro-inflammatory agents. ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostaglandin
HemostasisHemostasis
... can be achieved by chemical agent as well as mechanical or physical agents. Which hemostasis type used is determined ... Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) attracts more platelets to the affected area, serotonin is a vasoconstrictor and thromboxane A2 ... Physical agents (gelatin sponge)- Gelatin sponges have been indicated as great hemostatic devices. Once applied to a bleeding ... These physical agents are mostly used in surgical settings as well as after surgery treatments. These sponges absorb blood, ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemostasis
SynephrineSynephrine
As a pharmaceutical, m-synephrine is still used as a sympathomimetic (i.e. for its hypertensive and vasoconstrictor properties ... McCulloch J, Deshmukh VD, Harper AM (1978). Indirect sympathomimetic agents and cerebral blood flow and metabolism. Eur J ... In experiments with isolated sheep carotid artery, d-, l- and d,l-synephrine all showed some vasoconstrictor activity: l- ... One current reference source describes synephrine as a vasoconstrictor that has been given to hypotensive patients, orally or ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synephrine
Natural productNatural product
Singh R, Sharma M, Joshi P, Rawat DS (August 2008). "Clinical status of anti-cancer agents derived from marine sources". Anti- ... which acts as a vasoconstrictor, and is used to prevent bleeding after childbirth. Asperlicin (from Aspergillus alliaceus) is ... This, in turn, led to the development of an impressive arsenal of antibacterial and antifungal agents including amphotericin B ... Other natural products derived from marine animals and under investigation as possible therapies include the antitumour agents ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_product
2C-E2C-E
Also indirect D2 agonists, such as dopamine reuptake inhibitors (cocaine, methylphenidate), releasing agents (amphetamine, ... It is also a powerful vasoconstrictor at high doses. Contents. *1 Properties ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2C-E
ThrombinThrombin
... is sold under the brand name Fibrimex for use as a binding agent for meat. The thrombin in Fibrimex derives from ... Thrombin, a potent vasoconstrictor and mitogen, is implicated as a major factor in vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrombin
ACE inhibitorACE inhibitor
Dicarboxylate-containing agentsEdit. This is the largest group, including: *Enalapril (Vasotec/Renitec/Berlipril/Enap/Enalapril ... a potent vasoconstrictor). ... In a large clinical study, one of the agents in the ACE ... Phosphonate-containing agentsEdit. *Fosinopril (Fositen/Monopril) is the only member of this group ... Stewart, J. M. (2003). "Bradykinin antagonists as anti-cancer agents". Current Pharmaceutical Design. 9 (25): 2036-2042. doi: ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACE_inhibitors
PerfusionPerfusion
The first is based on the use of an injected contrast agent that changes the magnetic susceptibility of blood and thereby the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfusion
Fatty acid metabolismFatty acid metabolism
Note that during fatty synthesis the reducing agent is NADPH, whereas NAD is the oxidizing agent in beta-oxidation (the ... Conversely, thromboxanes (produced by platelet cells) are vasoconstrictors and facilitate platelet aggregation. Their name ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatty_acid_metabolism
ChloroprocaineChloroprocaine
Amide-linked local anesthetic agents, such as lidocaine and bupivacaine, can become "trapped" in their ionized forms on the ... An ester-linked local anesthetic agent, such as 2-chloroprocaine, is rapidly metabolized, and placental transfer is limited. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloroprocaine
Sodium channel blockerSodium channel blocker
Of the sodium channel blocking antiarrhythmic agents (the class I antiarrhythmic agents), the class Ic agents have the most ... Class I antiarrhythmic agents interfere with the (Na+) channel. Class I agents are grouped by their effect on the Na+ channel, ... Agents in this class also cause decreased conductivity and increased refractoriness. Indications for Class Ia agents are ... Class Ib agents shorten the action potential duration and reduce refractoriness. These agents will decrease Vmax in partially ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_channel_blocker
Thromboxane-A synthaseThromboxane-A synthase
Ratti S, Quarato P, Casagrande C, Fumagalli R, Corsini A (August 1998). "Picotamide, an antithromboxane agent, inhibits the ... a potent vasoconstrictor and inducer of platelet aggregation, and also to 12-Hydroxyheptadecatrienoic acid (i.e. 12-(S)-hydroxy ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thromboxane-A_synthase
Vasoconstrictor Agents - DrugBankVasoconstrictor Agents - DrugBank
It has been used as a vasoconstrictor agent.. Cirazoline. Cirazoline acts on a number of α adrenergic receptors. It is an ... Vasoconstrictor Agents. Accession Number. DBCAT000165. Description. Drugs used to cause constriction of the blood vessels. ... A sympathomimetic agent used in the treatment of hypotension.. Terlipressin. Commonly used to stop bleeding of varices in the ... A sympathomimetic vasoconstrictor used for the symptomatic relief of redness and itching of the eye, and nasal congestion. ...
https://www.drugbank.ca/categories/DBCAT000165
Epistaxis Medication: Topical vasoconstrictors, Anesthetics, Antibiotic ointments, Cauterizing agentsEpistaxis Medication: Topical vasoconstrictors, Anesthetics, Antibiotic ointments, Cauterizing agents
Topical vasoconstrictors. Class Summary. Topical vasoconstrictors act on alpha-adrenergic receptors in the nasal mucosa, ... Cauterizing agents. Class Summary. Cauterizing agents coagulate cellular proteins, which can in turn reduce bleeding. ... When anesthetics are used concomitantly with vasoconstrictors, their anesthetic effect is prolonged and the pain threshold ...
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/863220-medication
Vasoconstrictor Agents | Harvard Catalyst Profiles | Harvard CatalystVasoconstrictor Agents | Harvard Catalyst Profiles | Harvard Catalyst
"Vasoconstrictor Agents" by people in Harvard Catalyst Profiles by year, and whether "Vasoconstrictor Agents" was a major or ... "Vasoconstrictor Agents" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical ... Below are the most recent publications written about "Vasoconstrictor Agents" by people in Profiles. ... Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more general than "Vasoconstrictor Agents". ...
https://connects.catalyst.harvard.edu/Profiles/display/Concept/Vasoconstrictor%20Agents
Influence of hemostatic agents upon the outcome of periapical surgery: dressings with anesthetic and vasoconstrictor or...Influence of hemostatic agents upon the outcome of periapical surgery: dressings with anesthetic and vasoconstrictor or...
... after 12 months of follow-up was better in the aluminum chloride group than in the anesthetic solution with vasoconstrictor ... Influence of hemostatic agents upon the outcome of periapical surgery: dressings with anesthetic and vasoconstrictor or ... We included patients with a minimum follow-up of 12 months, divided into two groups according to the hemostatic agent used: A) ... There were 50 patients in the aluminum chloride group and 46 patients in the anesthetic solution with vasoconstrictor group. No ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23229242/
Effects of sustained low-flow perfusion on the response to vasoconstrictor agents in postnatal intestine | Gastrointestinal and...Effects of sustained low-flow perfusion on the response to vasoconstrictor agents in postnatal intestine | Gastrointestinal and...
Effects of sustained low-flow perfusion on the response to vasoconstrictor agents in postnatal intestine. Philip T. Nowicki ... Effects of sustained low-flow perfusion on the response to vasoconstrictor agents in postnatal intestine ... Effects of sustained low-flow perfusion on the response to vasoconstrictor agents in postnatal intestine ... Effects of sustained low-flow perfusion on the response to vasoconstrictor agents in postnatal intestine ...
http://ajpgi.physiology.org/content/276/6/G1408
Changes in Vascular Smooth Muscle Sensitivity to Vasoconstrictor Agents induced by Corticosteroids, Adrenalectomy and Differing...Changes in Vascular Smooth Muscle Sensitivity to Vasoconstrictor Agents induced by Corticosteroids, Adrenalectomy and Differing...
Changes in Vascular Smooth Muscle Sensitivity to Vasoconstrictor Agents induced by Corticosteroids, Adrenalectomy and Differing ... Changes in Vascular Smooth Muscle Sensitivity to Vasoconstrictor Agents induced by Corticosteroids, Adrenalectomy and Differing ... Changes in Vascular Smooth Muscle Sensitivity to Vasoconstrictor Agents induced by Corticosteroids, Adrenalectomy and Differing ... Changes in Vascular Smooth Muscle Sensitivity to Vasoconstrictor Agents induced by Corticosteroids, Adrenalectomy and Differing ...
http://www.clinsci.org/content/51/s3/61s
Vasoconstrictor Agents | The Chopra LibraryVasoconstrictor Agents | The Chopra Library
BACKGROUND: Propofol is reported to reduce both sympathetic and parasympathetic tone; however, it is not clear whether the changes in heart rate variability are associated with depth of anesthesia. The purposes of the present study were (1) to evaluate the changes in heart rate variability at different depths of hypnosis and (2) to compare the effects of propofol on heart rate variability with that of sevoflurane. METHODS: Thirty patients were randomly allocated into the propofol or sevoflurane for induction of anesthesia. The depth of hypnosis was monitored by the Bispectral Index (BIS ...
http://isharonline.org/tags/vasoconstrictor-agents
Migranal - Analgesics, Vasoconstrictor Agents, Sympatholytics, ATC:N02CA01Migranal - Analgesics, Vasoconstrictor Agents, Sympatholytics, ATC:N02CA01
Dihydroergotamine is indicated for the acute treatment of migraine headaches with or without aura and the acute treatment of cluster headache episodes. Dihydroergotamine binds with high affinity to 5-HT1Da and 5-HT1Db receptors. It also binds with high affinity to serotonin 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT2C receptors, noradrenaline a2A, a2B and a receptors, and dopamine D2L and D3 receptors. The therapeutic activity of Dihydroergotamine in migraine is generally attributed to the agonist effect at 5-HT1D receptors ...
http://pharmacycode.com/Migranal.html
Endothelin-1 (1-15), amide, human | Vasoconstrictor agent - GlpBioEndothelin-1 (1-15), amide, human | Vasoconstrictor agent - GlpBio
Endothelins are the most potent vasoconstrictors known. [2] In a healthy individual, a delicate balance between ... vasoconstriction and vasodilation is maintained by endothelin and other vasoconstrictors as well as nitric oxide, prostacyclin ...
http://www.glpbio.com/endothelin-1-1-15-amide-human.html
20-HETE (20-hydroxy Arachidonic Acid) | Vasoconstrictor Agent | MedChemExpress20-HETE (20-hydroxy Arachidonic Acid) | Vasoconstrictor Agent | MedChemExpress
Vasoconstrictor Agent。CAS 番号：79551-86-3，純度：>95.0%。東京倉庫。溶解度：Ethanol & DMSO。高品質な生理・薬理活性化合物。20 ... 20-HETE (20-hydroxy Arachidonic Acid) is a CYP450 metabolite and a potent vasoconstrictor. 20-HETE is an endogenous inhibitor ... 20-HETE (20-hydroxy Arachidonic Acid) is a CYP450 metabolite and a potent vasoconstrictor. 20-HETE is an endogenous inhibitor ... blocked the vasoconstrictor response to 20-HETE (100 nM)[1].. 20-HETE induces the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, a MAPK that
https://www.medchemexpress.com/20-hete.html?locale=ja-JP
Faculty Collaboration Database - Regional autoregulatory responses during infusion of vasoconstrictor agents in conscious dogs....Faculty Collaboration Database - Regional autoregulatory responses during infusion of vasoconstrictor agents in conscious dogs....
Vasoconstrictor Agents. View this publications entry at the Pubmed website PMID: 2221130 ... Regional autoregulatory responses during infusion of vasoconstrictor agents in conscious dogs. Am J Physiol 1990 Oct;259(4 Pt 2 ... We attempted to differentiate between the increase in vascular resistance due to the direct effect of the vasoconstrictor agent ... which enabled us to return perfusion pressure to control levels during infusion of the vasoconstrictor agents. ...
https://fcd.mcw.edu/?module=search&func=showPublication&id=2622
mometasone (CHEBI:6970)mometasone (CHEBI:6970)
vasoconstrictor agent Drug used to cause constriction of the blood vessels.. anti-allergic agent A drug used to treat allergic ... mometasone (CHEBI:6970) has role vasoconstrictor agent (CHEBI:50514) mometasone (CHEBI:6970) is a 11β-hydroxy steroid (CHEBI: ... mometasone (CHEBI:6970) has role anti-allergic agent (CHEBI:50857) mometasone (CHEBI:6970) has role anti-inflammatory drug ( ...
https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:6970
eletriptan (CHEBI:50922)eletriptan (CHEBI:50922)
vasoconstrictor agent Drug used to cause constriction of the blood vessels.. non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug An anti- ... eletriptan (CHEBI:50922) has role vasoconstrictor agent (CHEBI:50514) eletriptan (CHEBI:50922) is a N-alkylpyrrolidine (CHEBI: ... An agent that has an affinity for serotonin receptors and is able to mimic the effects of serotonin by stimulating the ... An agent that has an affinity for serotonin receptors and is able to mimic the effects of serotonin by stimulating the ...
https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:50922
ACE Inhibitors PrecautionsACE Inhibitors Precautions
Therapy including agents that have vasoconstrictor effects i.e. triple therapy combination. This therapy consists of three ...
https://www.news-medical.net/health/ACE-Inhibitors-Precautions.aspx
In Vivo Angioplasty Prevents the Development of Vasospasm in Canine Carotid Arteries | StrokeIn Vivo Angioplasty Prevents the Development of Vasospasm in Canine Carotid Arteries | Stroke
Pharmacological Effects of Vasoconstrictor Agents. Responses to a single dose of KCl (60 mmol/L) and cumulative dose-response ... Although the responses to PGF2α differ from those to other vasoconstrictor agents in that they are smaller, and vasospasm seems ... in vitro effects of alpha adrenergic agents on canine arteries from six anatomical sites and six blocking agents on serotonin- ... This agent has rapid and profound effects on most smooth muscle cells, and it is not surprising that the residual response to ...
http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/28/6/1216
Local anesthetic - WikipediaLocal anesthetic - Wikipedia
Vasoconstrictor possibly (see below). *Reducing agent (antioxidant), e.g. if epinephrine is used, then sodium metabisulfite is ... "Vasoconstrictor agents for local anesthesia". Anesthesia Progress. 42 (3-4): 116-20. PMC 2148913. PMID 8934977.. ... the maximum doses of LAs when combined with a vasoconstrictor is higher compared to the same LA without any vasoconstrictor. ... Using LA with vasoconstrictor is safe in regions supplied by end arteries. The commonly held belief that LA with ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_anesthetic
Vasoconstriction - WikipediaVasoconstriction - Wikipedia
"Vasoconstrictor agents for local anesthesia". Anesth Prog. 42 (3-4): 116-20. PMC 2148913. PMID 8934977.. ... Vasoconstrictors are also used clinically to increase blood pressure or to reduce local blood flow. Vasoconstrictors mixed with ... Vasoconstrictor[5] Receptor (↑ = opens. ↓ = closes)[5] On vascular smooth muscle cells if not otherwise specified Transduction ... Many vasoconstrictors also cause pupil dilation. Medications that cause vasoconstriction include: antihistamines, decongestants ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasoconstriction
Augmentation by anesthetic agents of the pulmonary vasoconstrictor response to oxidant injury - Albert Einstein College of...Augmentation by anesthetic agents of the pulmonary vasoconstrictor response to oxidant injury - Albert Einstein College of...
Augmentation by anesthetic agents of the pulmonary vasoconstrictor response to oxidant injury. / Shayevitz, J. R.; Traystman, R ... Augmentation by anesthetic agents of the pulmonary vasoconstrictor response to oxidant injury. Federation Proceedings. 1984 Jan ... Augmentation by anesthetic agents of the pulmonary vasoconstrictor response to oxidant injury. ... title = "Augmentation by anesthetic agents of the pulmonary vasoconstrictor response to oxidant injury", ...
https://einstein.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/augmentation-by-anesthetic-agents-of-the-pulmonary-vasoconstricto-2/
Angiotensin II Antagonism of TGF-Beta 1 - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govAngiotensin II Antagonism of TGF-Beta 1 - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Antihypertensive Agents. Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers. Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists. Molecular Mechanisms of ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00320970?term=%22Camurati-Engelmann+disease%22+%5BDISEASE%5D+OR+NCT00001754+%5BID-NUMBER%5D&rank=2
Combination of Disulfiram Plus Naltrexone to Treat Both Cocaine- and Alcohol-dependent Individuals - 1 - Full Text View -...Combination of Disulfiram Plus Naltrexone to Treat Both Cocaine- and Alcohol-dependent Individuals - 1 - Full Text View -...
Peripheral Nervous System Agents. Anesthetics, Local. Anesthetics. Central Nervous System Depressants. Vasoconstrictor Agents. ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00142844
Vigabatrin for Treatment of Cocaine Dependence - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govVigabatrin for Treatment of Cocaine Dependence - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Sensory System Agents. Peripheral Nervous System Agents. Vasoconstrictor Agents. Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors. Neurotransmitter ... Despite testing of a number of different agents for cocaine dependency, there remains no proven pharmacologic treatment for ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00611130
Oral ALLOD-2 vs. Oral Sumatriptan and vs. Placebo in the Acute Treatment of Migraine With Associated Nausea (ANODYNE-2) - Full...Oral ALLOD-2 vs. Oral Sumatriptan and vs. Placebo in the Acute Treatment of Migraine With Associated Nausea (ANODYNE-2) - Full...
Vasoconstrictor Agents. Serotonin 5-HT1 Receptor Agonists. Serotonin Receptor Agonists. Serotonin Agents. Neurotransmitter ...
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03185143?term=SUMATRIPTAN&
Amphetamine Cocaine Interaction Study - 2 - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govAmphetamine Cocaine Interaction Study - 2 - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Sensory System Agents. Peripheral Nervous System Agents. Vasoconstrictor Agents. Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors. Neurotransmitter ... Dopamine Agents. Neurotransmitter Agents. Central Nervous System Stimulants. Sympathomimetics. Autonomic Agents. Adrenergic ...
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00000305
L-type calcium channel β subunit modulates angiotensin II responses in cardiomyocytesL-type calcium channel β subunit modulates angiotensin II responses in cardiomyocytes
Vasoconstrictor Agents / metabolism * Vasoconstrictor Agents / pharmacology Substances * Anti-Bacterial Agents * ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21525790/?dopt=Abstract
RCSB PDB - 2GM Ligand Summary PageRCSB PDB - 2GM Ligand Summary Page
It is used as a vasoconstrictor, specifically for the therapy of migraine disorders. ... Sensory System Agents. *Serotonergic Drugs Shown to Increase Risk of Serotonin Syndrome ...
http://www.rcsb.org/ligand/2GM
Reduction of pressor response to vasoconstrictor agents by overexpression of catalase in mice<...Reduction of pressor response to vasoconstrictor agents by overexpression of catalase in mice<...
Reduction of pressor response to vasoconstrictor agents by overexpression of catalase in mice. American Journal of Hypertension ... Reduction of pressor response to vasoconstrictor agents by overexpression of catalase in mice. In: American Journal of ... Reduction of pressor response to vasoconstrictor agents by overexpression of catalase in mice. / Yang, Hong; Shi, MingJian; ... title = "Reduction of pressor response to vasoconstrictor agents by overexpression of catalase in mice", ...
https://einstein.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/reduction-of-pressor-response-to-vasoconstrictor-agents-by-overex-2
Anaesthesia and Intensive Care A-Z | ElsevierAsia - EnglishAnaesthesia and Intensive Care A-Z | ElsevierAsia - English
w with local anaesthetic agents, as a vasoconstrictor. - a2-receptors: yohimbine. w in anaphylactic reaction, cardiac arrest, ... the nerve). 5-10 ml local anaesthetic agent is injected 2 cm See also, Pelvic trauma below the mastoid process into the ... 2. 2 ABO blood groups men, the urethral meatus) for bruises, lacerations, entry Abuse of anaesthetic agents. May occur because ... For- ones ( for structure, synthesis and metabolism, see Catechol- oterol and salmeterol are longer acting agents given by ...
https://www.slideshare.net/ElsevierHS/anaesthesia-and-intensive-care-az-elsevierasia
Synthesis and Function of Cytochrome P450 4A1-Derived 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid in Rat Renal Arteries | HypertensionSynthesis and Function of Cytochrome P450 4A1-Derived 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid in Rat Renal Arteries | Hypertension
In the tubules it inhibits sodium reabsorption, while in the renal microcirculation it is a vasoconstrictor and a regulator of ...
http://hyper.ahajournals.org/content/36/Suppl_1/681.6
VasodilatorThromboxaneAnesthetic agentsVasoconstrictionNasalHypertensivePowerful vasoconstrictorAngiotensin IIEndogenousEndothelinPhenylephrineResponsesVascularPerioperative PeriodArteriolesBlood vesselsVasoactive agentSynthesisInhibitorsDrugsMetaboliteChemicallyVasopressorMicrocirculationTherapeutic agentHypotensionPerfusionHypersensitivityEndothelinsIonsPlatelet aggregationAnestheticsEffectsSympathomimetic agentMigraine
Vasodilator4
  • 12 13 14 It is therefore possible that these antagonists may prove to be more effective as antihypertensive agents in hypertensive conditions associated with an important endothelial vasodilator dysfunction, in which the vascular effects of ET could be enhanced. (ahajournals.org)
  • None of the treatments affected arterial pressure response to either vasoconstrictor or vasodilator agents. (jove.com)
  • This, in turn, inhibits conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandin I2 (potent vasodilator and inhibitor of platelet activation) and thromboxane A2 (potent vasoconstrictor and platelet aggregating agent). (medscape.com)
  • The underlying mechanisms that are involved in HRS are incompletely understood but may include both increased vasoconstrictor and decreased vasodilator factors acting on the renal circulation. (asnjournals.org)
Thromboxane2
  • Thromboxane is a vasoconstrictor and a potent hypertensive agent, and it facilitates platelet aggregation. (thefullwiki.org)
  • Thromboxane is a vasoconstrictor, potent hypertensive agent, and facilitates the clumping of platelets. (hmdb.ca)
Anesthetic agents1
  • Vasoconstrictors, when administered subcutaneously, decrease the absorption of anesthetic agents, thereby prolonging its effect. (openpr.com)
Vasoconstriction7
  • 2] In a healthy individual, a delicate balance between vasoconstriction and vasodilation is maintained by endothelin and other vasoconstrictors as well as nitric oxide, prostacyclin and other vasodilators. (glpbio.com)
  • Medications causing vasoconstriction, also known as vasoconstrictors, are one type of medicine used to raise blood pressure . (wikipedia.org)
  • an agent that promotes vasoconstriction. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Alpha-adrenergic sympathomimetic drugs also cause vasoconstriction, and several of these agents are used for this action in maintaining blood pressure during anesthesia and in treating pronounced hypotension resulting from hemorrhage, myocardial infarction, septicemia, sympathectomy, or drug reactions. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Thus, although NPY is a potent vasoconstrictor in the rabbit lung, it is not likely that plasma NPY concentrations rise sufficiently, even after massive sympathetic nervous system activation, to produce pulmonary vasoconstriction in the intact rabbit. (biomedsearch.com)
  • It is regulated by vasoconstrictors (agents that cause vasoconstriction). (wikidoc.org)
  • After Sin 1 pre-incubation, the vasoconstrictor effect of ANG II was abolished, whereas AVP induced maximum vasoconstriction similar to that of the control (not statistically significant), but with a shift in the EC 50 to higher concentrations, EC 50 = 15±20nM. (portlandpress.com)
Nasal7
  • A direct acting sympathomimetic agent used for the symptomatic treatment of nasal congestion and minor inflammation due to allergies or colds. (drugbank.ca)
  • A sympathomimetic vasoconstrictor used for the symptomatic relief of redness and itching of the eye, and nasal congestion. (drugbank.ca)
  • Topical vasoconstrictors act on alpha-adrenergic receptors in the nasal mucosa, causing vessels to constrict. (medscape.com)
  • Avoid use of additional vasoconstrictor agents with COCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE nasal solution. (nih.gov)
  • 4-7 Many patients require pharmacotherapy to control symptoms of allergic rhinitis, including "preventive" agents (e.g., topical nasal corticosteroid or cromolyn preparations) and/or antihistamines and decongestants. (ahrq.gov)
  • indications It is prescribed for the treatment of nasal and nasopharyngeal congestion and as an ophthalmic vasoconstrictor. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • A vasoconstrictor agent used as a nasal decongestant and ophthalmic vasoconstrictor. (thefreedictionary.com)
Hypertensive3
  • PURPOSE: Epinephrine is considered the gold standard vasoconstrictor for hypertensive patients, but few studies report felypressin's effects. (bireme.br)
  • The present study aimed to analyze and compare the effects of these two vasoconstrictors, injected by the intravenous route, on the arterial pressure of normotensive, hypertensive and atenolol-treated hypertensive rats. (bireme.br)
  • 1K1C atenolol rats showed reduced hypertensive responses to both vasoconstrictors. (bireme.br)
Powerful vasoconstrictor1
  • is a powerful vasoconstrictor and platelet ______ agent. (brainscape.com)
Angiotensin II1
  • Protocol 2 studied the reactivity of the radial artery to the vasoconstrictor agents arginine vasopressin (AVP) and angiotensin II (ANG II). (portlandpress.com)
Endogenous4
  • Other endogenous vasoconstrictors are angiotensin, which is formed in the blood through the action of renin, and antidiuretic hormone, which is secreted by the pituitary. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Since bradykinin is the most potent pain-producing agent of endogenous origin we have investigate its participation as a possible mediator in the stimulation of sensitive nerve endings. (springer.com)
  • 1 Indeed, the inhibition of endogenous endothelium-derived relaxing factor (ie, nitric oxide) production in vivo results in an enhanced coronary microvessel vasoconstrictor response to ETB-receptor stimulation. (ahajournals.org)
  • We have previously demonstrated that inhibition of endogenous endothelium-derived relaxing factor in vivo, mimicking pathophysiological states associated with endothelial dysfunction, results in an enhanced coronary microvessel vasoconstrictor response to ETB-receptor stimulation. (ahajournals.org)
Endothelin2
  • Because nitric oxide inhibits the synthesis and vasoconstrictor effect of endothelin-1, the effect of endothelin-1 may be enhanced under conditions of chronic inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis. (ahajournals.org)
  • Abstract The coronary vasoconstrictor effects of endothelins, mediated by both endothelin ETA and ETB receptors, may be differentially altered in pathophysiological states associated with endothelial dysfunction and elevated endothelin levels. (ahajournals.org)
Phenylephrine1
  • Among these therapeutic agents are phenylephrine, metaraminol, and norepinephrine. (thefreedictionary.com)
Responses5
  • Regional autoregulatory responses during infusion of vasoconstrictor agents in conscious dogs. (mcw.edu)
  • The findings indicate that, under conditions of increased systemic blood pressure, both the renal and the mesenteric vascular beds contribute to the increase in total peripheral resistance by pressure-dependent vasoconstrictor responses. (mcw.edu)
  • Hypercholesterolemia attenuates endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation and augments the responses to vasoconstrictor agents. (springer.com)
  • Heistad DD, Armstrong MLI, Marcus ML, Piegors DJ, Mark AL (1984) Augmented responses to vasoconstrictor stimuli in hypercholesterolemic and atherosclerotic monkeys. (springer.com)
  • Here, we investigated the effects of treatment for 10 consecutive days with testosterone and cocaine alone or in combination on basal cardiovascular parameters, baroreflex activity, hemodynamic responses to vasoactive agents, and cardiac morphology in adolescent rats. (jove.com)
Vascular5
  • We attempted to differentiate between the increase in vascular resistance due to the direct effect of the vasoconstrictor agent and the increase induced by an autoregulatory response induced by elevations of aortic perfusion pressure. (mcw.edu)
  • A vasoactive agent that constricts blood vessels-eg, epinephrine, norepinephrine, which is produced endogenously to compensate for hypotension and maintain vascular tone in hemorrhagic and other forms of shock. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Hemorrhagic shock is characterized by a decrease in blood pressure, reduced cardiac output, and release of vasoconstrictor substances and in, decompensating phase, delayed vascular decompensation [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Vascular hyporeactivity can interfere with vasoconstrictor agents uses in therapy of shock. (hindawi.com)
  • These vasoconstrictor actions on the glomerular microcirculation may play an important role in the pathophysiology and progression of renal diseases by elevating renal vascular resistance and glomerular capillary pressure. (asnjournals.org)
Perioperative Period1
  • The optimal method of postoperative monitoring, the use of vasoconstrictors in the perioperative period, and the use of anticoagulants in the postoperative period remain topics of debate. (elsevier.com)
Arterioles1
  • Pretreatment with neomycin (a specific inhibitor of phospholipase C) abolished the vasoconstrictor action of Aldo in both arterioles. (asnjournals.org)
Blood vessels5
  • Vasoconstrictors mixed with local anesthetics are used to increase the duration of local anesthesia by constricting the blood vessels, thereby safely concentrating the anesthetic agent for an extended duration, as well as reducing hemorrhage . (wikipedia.org)
  • An agent that causes narrowing of the blood vessels. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • 1. An agent that narrows blood vessels. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • n (vasopressor), an agent that causes a rise in blood pressure by constricting the blood vessels. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • n adrenaline-mimicking drugs that increase the duration of local anesthesia by constricting the blood vessels, thereby safely concentrating the anesthetic agent for an extended duration and reducing hemorrhage. (thefreedictionary.com)
Vasoactive agent1
  • To determine the significance of circulating NPY as a pulmonary vasoactive agent, we measured plasma NPY-like immunoreactivity in anesthetized rabbits after massively activating the sympathetic nervous system with veratrine. (biomedsearch.com)
Synthesis2
  • Indeed, it has been shown that NO inhibits the synthesis and vasoconstrictor effect of ET in acute in vitro conditions. (ahajournals.org)
  • The entirety of these data leads us to suggest that vasoconstrictor-evoked synthesis of PGE2 in rat mesangial cells is mediated by the subsequent activation of phospholipase C and protein kinase C. The activation of protein kinase C by diacylglycerol is likely to be involved in the increase of the calcium permeability of the plasma membrane which is a prerequisite for PGE2 synthesis induced by vasoconstrictive hormones. (uni-regensburg.de)
Inhibitors1
  • and to correct dyschromia, a formulation should contain melanogenesis inhibitors, retinoids, L-ascorbic acid, vasoconstrictors and anti-inflammatory agents. (happi.com)
Drugs1
  • LA drugs are also often combined with other agents such as opioids for synergistic analgesic action. (wikipedia.org)
Metabolite1
  • 20-HETE (20-hydroxy Arachidonic Acid) is a CYP450 metabolite and a potent vasoconstrictor. (medchemexpress.com)
Chemically2
  • Eprosartan mesylate (EPM) [ 1 , 2 ] a new drug and it is used as an antihypertensive agent which is chemically monomethane sulfonate of (E)-2-butyl- 1-(p-carboxybenzyl)-a-2-thienylmethylimidazole- 5-acrylic acid ( fig. 1 ). (ijpsonline.com)
  • Hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) [ 3 ] is used as an antihypertensive agent which is chemically 6-chloro- 1,1-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-7- sulfonamide ( fig 1 ). (ijpsonline.com)
Vasopressor2
  • One o f the mainstays o f management is the use o f vasopressor agents and those currently available are not perfect. (scribd.com)
  • In this review, the role o f vasopressor agents is discussed and possible future management strategies are commented upon. (scribd.com)
Microcirculation1
  • In the tubules it inhibits sodium reabsorption, while in the renal microcirculation it is a vasoconstrictor and a regulator of myogenic tone. (ahajournals.org)
Therapeutic agent2
  • Indomethacin as a new vasoconstrictor and therapeutic agent in migraine. (springer.com)
  • The present invention relates to a piperidine compound having pharmaceutical activity, to processes for preparing such a compound, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such a compound and to the use of such a compound as an active therapeutic agent. (freepatentsonline.com)
Hypotension2
  • A sympathomimetic agent used in the treatment of hypotension. (drugbank.ca)
  • It is used as a vasoconstrictor agent in the treatment of HYPOTENSION. (fpnotebook.com)
Perfusion2
  • The arteries supplying these beds were instrumented with an electromagnetic flow probe, a nonoccluding catheter, and an electromagnetic flow probe, a nonoccluding catheter, and an occluder cuff connected with a servo-amplifier, which enabled us to return perfusion pressure to control levels during infusion of the vasoconstrictor agents. (mcw.edu)
  • L~ph~drine est plus efficace en perfusion. (scribd.com)
Hypersensitivity1
  • contraindications Glaucoma or known hypersensitivity to this drug or to other vasoconstrictors prohibits its use. (thefreedictionary.com)
Endothelins1
  • Endothelins are the most potent vasoconstrictors known. (glpbio.com)
Ions1
  • The process is one wherein the rate of delivery is a function of current, active agent concentration, and presence of other ions. (google.com)
Platelet aggregation1
Anesthetics2
  • When anesthetics are used concomitantly with vasoconstrictors, their anesthetic effect is prolonged and the pain threshold increased. (medscape.com)
  • 2. The method of claim 1 in which the active agent is selected from the group consisting of therapeutics, anesthetics, hormones and proteins. (google.com)
Effects2
  • To evaluate the effects of different hemostatic agents upon the outcome of periapical surgery. (nih.gov)
  • An agent that has an affinity for serotonin receptors and is able to mimic the effects of serotonin by stimulating the physiologic activity at the cell receptors. (ebi.ac.uk)
Sympathomimetic agent1
  • A direct-acting prodrug and sympathomimetic agent with antihypotensive properties. (fpnotebook.com)
Migraine2
  • It is used as a vasoconstrictor, specifically for the therapy of migraine disorders. (rcsb.org)
  • These agents do not have vasoconstrictor activity but instead are aimed at reversing brain disturbances that occur with migraine. (headaches.org)