Vascular endothelial growth factor a. Medical search

The original member of the family of endothelial cell growth factors referred to as VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTORS. Vascular endothelial growth factor-A was originally isolated from tumor cells and referred to as "tumor angiogenesis factor" and "vascular permeability factor". Although expressed at high levels in certain tumor-derived cells it is produced by a wide variety of cell types. In addition to stimulating vascular growth and vascular permeability it may play a role in stimulating VASODILATION via NITRIC OXIDE-dependent pathways. Alternative splicing of the mRNA for vascular endothelial growth factor A results in several isoforms of the protein being produced.

A family of angiogenic proteins that are closely-related to VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR A. They play an important role in the growth and differentiation of vascular as well as lymphatic endothelial cells.

These growth factors are soluble mitogens secreted by a variety of organs. The factors are a mixture of two single chain polypeptides which have affinity to heparin. Their molecular weight are organ and species dependent. They have mitogenic and chemotactic effects and can stimulate endothelial cells to grow and synthesize DNA. The factors are related to both the basic and acidic FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTORS but have different amino acid sequences.

A 200-230-kDa tyrosine kinase receptor for vascular endothelial growth factors found primarily in endothelial and hematopoietic cells and their precursors. VEGFR-2 is important for vascular and hematopoietic development, and mediates almost all endothelial cell responses to VEGF.

A family of closely related RECEPTOR PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASES that bind vascular endothelial growth factors. They share a cluster of seven extracellular Ig-like domains which are important for ligand binding. They are highly expressed in vascular endothelial cells and are critical for the physiological and pathological growth, development and maintenance of blood and lymphatic vessels.

Soluble protein factors generated by activated lymphocytes that affect other cells, primarily those involved in cellular immunity.

A 180-kDa VEGF receptor found primarily in endothelial cells that is essential for vasculogenesis and vascular maintenance. It is also known as Flt-1 (fms-like tyrosine kinase receptor-1). A soluble, alternatively spliced isoform of the receptor may serve as a binding protein that regulates the availability of various ligands for VEGF receptor binding and signal transduction.

A pathologic process consisting of the proliferation of blood vessels in abnormal tissues or in abnormal positions.

The development of new BLOOD VESSELS during the restoration of BLOOD CIRCULATION during the healing process.

Cell surface receptors that bind growth or trophic factors with high affinity, triggering intracellular responses which influence the growth, differentiation, or survival of cells.

A vascular endothelial growth factor that specifically binds to VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR-2 and VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR-3. In addition to being an angiogenic factor it can act on LYMPHATIC VESSELS to stimulate LYMPHANGIOGENESIS. It is similar in structure to VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR D in that they both contain N- and C-terminal extensions that were not found in other VEGF family members.

A vascular endothelial cell growth factor receptor whose expression is restricted primarily to adult lymphatic endothelium. VEGFR-3 preferentially binds the vascular endothelial growth factor C and vascular endothelial growth factor D and may be involved in the control of lymphangiogenesis.

Agents and endogenous substances that antagonize or inhibit the development of new blood vessels.

A vascular endothelial growth factor that specifically binds to VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR-2 and VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR-3. In addition to being an angiogenic factor it can act on LYMPHATIC VESSELS to stimulate LYMPHANGIOGENESIS. It is similar in structure to VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR C in that they both contain N- and C-terminal extensions that were not found in other VEGF family members.

A vascular endothelial growth factor expressed in a variety of tissues. It binds with high specificity to VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR-1 and NEUROPILIN-1.

A class of cellular receptors that have an intrinsic PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASE activity.

A single-chain polypeptide growth factor that plays a significant role in the process of WOUND HEALING and is a potent inducer of PHYSIOLOGIC ANGIOGENESIS. Several different forms of the human protein exist ranging from 18-24 kDa in size due to the use of alternative start sites within the fgf-2 gene. It has a 55 percent amino acid residue identity to FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR 1 and has potent heparin-binding activity. The growth factor is an extremely potent inducer of DNA synthesis in a variety of cell types from mesoderm and neuroectoderm lineages. It was originally named basic fibroblast growth factor based upon its chemical properties and to distinguish it from acidic fibroblast growth factor (FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR 1).

Single pavement layer of cells which line the luminal surface of the entire vascular system and regulate the transport of macromolecules and blood components.

Highly specialized EPITHELIAL CELLS that line the HEART; BLOOD VESSELS; and lymph vessels, forming the ENDOTHELIUM. They are polygonal in shape and joined together by TIGHT JUNCTIONS. The tight junctions allow for variable permeability to specific macromolecules that are transported across the endothelial layer.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit is a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that is regulated by OXYGEN availability and is targeted for degradation by VHL TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

Dimeric cell surface receptor involved in angiogenesis (NEOVASCULARIZATION, PHYSIOLOGICAL) and axonal guidance. Neuropilin-1 is a 140-kDa transmembrane protein that binds CLASS 3 SEMAPHORINS, and several other growth factors. Neuropilin-1 forms complexes with plexins or VEGF RECEPTORS, and binding affinity and specificity are determined by the composition of the neuropilin dimer and the identity of other receptors complexed with it. Neuropilin-1 is expressed in distinct patterns during neural development, complementary to those described for NEUROPILIN-2.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

Regulatory proteins and peptides that are signaling molecules involved in the process of PARACRINE COMMUNICATION. They are generally considered factors that are expressed by one cell and are responded to by receptors on another nearby cell. They are distinguished from HORMONES in that their actions are local rather than distal.

Agents that induce or stimulate PHYSIOLOGIC ANGIOGENESIS or PATHOLOGIC ANGIOGENESIS.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

The first to be discovered member of the angiopoietin family. It may play a role in increasing the sprouting and branching of BLOOD VESSELS. Angiopoietin-1 specifically binds to and stimulates the TIE-2 RECEPTOR. Several isoforms of angiopoietin-1 occur due to ALTERNATIVE SPLICING of its mRNA.

A 6-kDa polypeptide growth factor initially discovered in mouse submaxillary glands. Human epidermal growth factor was originally isolated from urine based on its ability to inhibit gastric secretion and called urogastrone. Epidermal growth factor exerts a wide variety of biological effects including the promotion of proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal and EPITHELIAL CELLS. It is synthesized as a transmembrane protein which can be cleaved to release a soluble active form.

Mutant mice homozygous for the recessive gene "nude" which fail to develop a thymus. They are useful in tumor studies and studies on immune responses.

An angiopoietin that is closely related to ANGIOPOIETIN-1. It binds to the TIE-2 RECEPTOR without receptor stimulation and antagonizes the effect of ANGIOPOIETIN-1. However its antagonistic effect may be limited to cell receptors that occur within the vasculature. Angiopoietin-2 may therefore play a role in down-regulation of BLOOD VESSEL branching and sprouting.

A condition of decreased oxygen content at the cellular level.

All of the processes involved in increasing CELL NUMBER including CELL DIVISION.

A cell surface receptor involved in regulation of cell growth and differentiation. It is specific for EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR and EGF-related peptides including TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR ALPHA; AMPHIREGULIN; and HEPARIN-BINDING EGF-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR. The binding of ligand to the receptor causes activation of its intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity and rapid internalization of the receptor-ligand complex into the cell.

Proteins produced by organs of the mother or the PLACENTA during PREGNANCY. These proteins may be pregnancy-specific (present only during pregnancy) or pregnancy-associated (present during pregnancy or under other conditions such as hormone therapy or certain malignancies.)

A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.

The movement of cells from one location to another. Distinguish from CYTOKINESIS which is the process of dividing the CYTOPLASM of a cell.

The minute vessels that connect the arterioles and venules.

A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.

The fission of a CELL. It includes CYTOKINESIS, when the CYTOPLASM of a cell is divided, and CELL NUCLEUS DIVISION.

A basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that plays a role in APOPTOSIS. It is composed of two subunits: ARYL HYDROCARBON RECEPTOR NUCLEAR TRANSLOCATOR and HYPOXIA-INDUCIBLE FACTOR 1, ALPHA SUBUNIT.

The property of blood capillary ENDOTHELIUM that allows for the selective exchange of substances between the blood and surrounding tissues and through membranous barriers such as the BLOOD-AIR BARRIER; BLOOD-AQUEOUS BARRIER; BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER; BLOOD-NERVE BARRIER; BLOOD-RETINAL BARRIER; and BLOOD-TESTIS BARRIER. Small lipid-soluble molecules such as carbon dioxide and oxygen move freely by diffusion. Water and water-soluble molecules cannot pass through the endothelial walls and are dependent on microscopic pores. These pores show narrow areas (TIGHT JUNCTIONS) which may limit large molecule movement.

Venous vessels in the umbilical cord. They carry oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood from the mother to the FETUS via the PLACENTA. In humans, there is normally one umbilical vein.

Cell adhesion molecules present on virtually all monocytes, platelets, and granulocytes. CD31 is highly expressed on endothelial cells and concentrated at the junctions between them.

The formation of LYMPHATIC VESSELS.

A factor synthesized in a wide variety of tissues. It acts synergistically with TGF-alpha in inducing phenotypic transformation and can also act as a negative autocrine growth factor. TGF-beta has a potential role in embryonal development, cellular differentiation, hormone secretion, and immune function. TGF-beta is found mostly as homodimer forms of separate gene products TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3. Heterodimers composed of TGF-beta1 and 2 (TGF-beta1.2) or of TGF-beta2 and 3 (TGF-beta2.3) have been isolated. The TGF-beta proteins are synthesized as precursor proteins.

Multifunctional growth factor which regulates both cell growth and cell motility. It exerts a strong mitogenic effect on hepatocytes and primary epithelial cells. Its receptor is PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEINS C-MET.

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

Any of the tubular vessels conveying the blood (arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins).

A positive regulatory effect on physiological processes at the molecular, cellular, or systemic level. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins.

An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.

Mitogenic peptide growth hormone carried in the alpha-granules of platelets. It is released when platelets adhere to traumatized tissues. Connective tissue cells near the traumatized region respond by initiating the process of replication.

Formation of new blood vessels originating from the retinal veins and extending along the inner (vitreal) surface of the retina.

A TIE receptor tyrosine kinase that is found almost exclusively on ENDOTHELIAL CELLS. It is required for both normal embryonic vascular development (NEOVASCULARIZATION, PHYSIOLOGIC) and tumor angiogenesis (NEOVASCULARIZATION, PATHOLOGIC).

Azoles of one NITROGEN and two double bonds that have aromatic chemical properties.

The introduction of a phosphoryl group into a compound through the formation of an ester bond between the compound and a phosphorus moiety.

Intercellular signaling peptides and proteins that regulate the proliferation of new blood vessels under normal physiological conditions (ANGIOGENESIS, PHYSIOLOGICAL). Aberrant expression of angiogenic proteins during disease states such as tumorigenesis can also result in PATHOLOGICAL ANGIOGENESIS.

Endothelial cells that line venous vessels of the UMBILICAL CORD.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.

Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. If they can be established as a TUMOR CELL LINE, they can be propagated in cell culture indefinitely.

New blood vessels originating from the corneal veins and extending from the limbus into the adjacent CORNEAL STROMA. Neovascularization in the superficial and/or deep corneal stroma is a sequel to numerous inflammatory diseases of the ocular anterior segment, such as TRACHOMA, viral interstitial KERATITIS, microbial KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS, and the immune response elicited by CORNEAL TRANSPLANTATION.

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

Signal molecules that are involved in the control of cell growth and differentiation.

The circulation of the BLOOD through the MICROVASCULAR NETWORK.

A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS, or an absence of BLOOD CIRCULATION.

Antibodies from non-human species whose protein sequences have been modified to make them nearly identical with human antibodies. If the constant region and part of the variable region are replaced, they are called humanized. If only the constant region is modified they are called chimeric. INN names for humanized antibodies end in -zumab.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

A well-characterized basic peptide believed to be secreted by the liver and to circulate in the blood. It has growth-regulating, insulin-like, and mitogenic activities. This growth factor has a major, but not absolute, dependence on GROWTH HORMONE. It is believed to be mainly active in adults in contrast to INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR II, which is a major fetal growth factor.

A family of small polypeptide growth factors that share several common features including a strong affinity for HEPARIN, and a central barrel-shaped core region of 140 amino acids that is highly homologous between family members. Although originally studied as proteins that stimulate the growth of fibroblasts this distinction is no longer a requirement for membership in the fibroblast growth factor family.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

Tubular vessels that are involved in the transport of LYMPH and LYMPHOCYTES.

The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

Relatively complete absence of oxygen in one or more tissues.

Benzopyrroles with the nitrogen at the number one carbon adjacent to the benzyl portion, in contrast to ISOINDOLES which have the nitrogen away from the six-membered ring.

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

In vivo methods of screening investigative anticancer drugs, biologic response modifiers or radiotherapies. Human tumor tissue or cells are transplanted into mice or rats followed by tumor treatment regimens. A variety of outcomes are monitored to assess antitumor effectiveness.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in neoplastic tissue.

The blood vessels which supply and drain the RETINA.

An EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR related protein that is found in a variety of tissues including EPITHELIUM, and maternal DECIDUA. It is synthesized as a transmembrane protein which can be cleaved to release a soluble active form which binds to the EGF RECEPTOR.

Experimental transplantation of neoplasms in laboratory animals for research purposes.

Transmembrane receptor for CLASS 3 SEMAPHORINS and several vascular endothelial growth factor isoforms. Neuropilin-2 functions either as a homodimer or as a heterodimer with NEUROPILIN-1. The binding affinity of neuropilin-2 varies for different class 3 semaphorin isoforms and is dependent on the composition of the dimer. The protein also forms receptor complexes with plexins and with VEGF RECEPTORS, which alters the binding characteristics of the receptor.

One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA; (DNA FRAGMENTATION); at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.

Factors which enhance the growth potentialities of sensory and sympathetic nerve cells.

Culture media containing biologically active components obtained from previously cultured cells or tissues that have released into the media substances affecting certain cell functions (e.g., growth, lysis).

Different forms of a protein that may be produced from different GENES, or from the same gene by ALTERNATIVE SPLICING.

A subtype of transforming growth factor beta that is synthesized by a wide variety of cells. It is synthesized as a precursor molecule that is cleaved to form mature TGF-beta 1 and TGF-beta1 latency-associated peptide. The association of the cleavage products results in the formation a latent protein which must be activated to bind its receptor. Defects in the gene that encodes TGF-beta1 are the cause of CAMURATI-ENGELMANN SYNDROME.

Restoration of integrity to traumatized tissue.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

Products of proto-oncogenes. Normally they do not have oncogenic or transforming properties, but are involved in the regulation or differentiation of cell growth. They often have protein kinase activity.

Substances that inhibit or prevent the proliferation of NEOPLASMS.

Transplantation between animals of different species.

A highly vascularized extra-embryonic membrane, formed by the fusion of the CHORION and the ALLANTOIS. It is mostly found in BIRDS and REPTILES. It serves as a model for studying tumor or cell biology, such as angiogenesis and TISSUE TRANSPLANTATION.

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

Either of two extremities of four-footed non-primate land animals. It usually consists of a FEMUR; TIBIA; and FIBULA; tarsals; METATARSALS; and TOES. (From Storer et al., General Zoology, 6th ed, p73)

Angiostatic proteins that are formed from proteolytic cleavage of COLLAGEN TYPE XVIII.

A protein-serine-threonine kinase that is activated by PHOSPHORYLATION in response to GROWTH FACTORS or INSULIN. It plays a major role in cell metabolism, growth, and survival as a core component of SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION. Three isoforms have been described in mammalian cells.

Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.

Compounds or agents that combine with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.

Hormonally active polypeptides that can induce the transformed phenotype when added to normal, non-transformed cells. They have been found in culture fluids from retrovirally transformed cells and in tumor-derived cells as well as in non-neoplastic sources. Their transforming activities are due to the simultaneous action of two otherwise unrelated factors, TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR ALPHA and TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA.

Agents that inhibit PROTEIN KINASES.

Glycoprotein molecules on the surface of B- and T-lymphocytes, that react with molecules of antilymphocyte sera, lectins, and other agents which induce blast transformation of lymphocytes.

Unique slender cells with multiple processes extending along the capillary vessel axis and encircling the vascular wall, also called mural cells. Pericytes are imbedded in the BASEMENT MEMBRANE shared with the ENDOTHELIAL CELLS of the vessel. Pericytes are important in maintaining vessel integrity, angiogenesis, and vascular remodeling.

The finer blood vessels of the vasculature that are generally less than 100 microns in internal diameter.

A negative regulatory effect on physiological processes at the molecular, cellular, or systemic level. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins.

Phosphotransferases that catalyzes the conversion of 1-phosphatidylinositol to 1-phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate. Many members of this enzyme class are involved in RECEPTOR MEDIATED SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION and regulation of vesicular transport with the cell. Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases have been classified both according to their substrate specificity and their mode of action within the cell.

Molecular products metabolized and secreted by neoplastic tissue and characterized biochemically in cells or body fluids. They are indicators of tumor stage and grade as well as useful for monitoring responses to treatment and predicting recurrence. Many chemical groups are represented including hormones, antigens, amino and nucleic acids, enzymes, polyamines, and specific cell membrane proteins and lipids.

Small double-stranded, non-protein coding RNAs (21-31 nucleotides) involved in GENE SILENCING functions, especially RNA INTERFERENCE (RNAi). Endogenously, siRNAs are generated from dsRNAs (RNA, DOUBLE-STRANDED) by the same ribonuclease, Dicer, that generates miRNAs (MICRORNAS). The perfect match of the siRNAs' antisense strand to their target RNAs mediates RNAi by siRNA-guided RNA cleavage. siRNAs fall into different classes including trans-acting siRNA (tasiRNA), repeat-associated RNA (rasiRNA), small-scan RNA (scnRNA), and Piwi protein-interacting RNA (piRNA) and have different specific gene silencing functions.

The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability.

New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.

Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.

A vascular endothelial growth factor whose expression is found largely restricted to the GONADS; ADRENAL CORTEX; and PLACENTA. It has similar biological activity to VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR-A.

Immunologic techniques based on the use of: (1) enzyme-antibody conjugates; (2) enzyme-antigen conjugates; (3) antienzyme antibody followed by its homologous enzyme; or (4) enzyme-antienzyme complexes. These are used histologically for visualizing or labeling tissue specimens.

A pathological process consisting of the formation of new blood vessels in the CHOROID.

A technique that localizes specific nucleic acid sequences within intact chromosomes, eukaryotic cells, or bacterial cells through the use of specific nucleic acid-labeled probes.

Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.

NERVE GROWTH FACTOR is the first of a series of neurotrophic factors that were found to influence the growth and differentiation of sympathetic and sensory neurons. It is comprised of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits. The beta subunit is responsible for its growth stimulating activity.

Compounds that include the amino-N-phenylamide structure.

Relatively undifferentiated cells that retain the ability to divide and proliferate throughout postnatal life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells.

An extracellular matrix glycoprotein from platelets and a variety of normal and transformed cells of both mesenchymal and epithelial origin. Thrombospondin-1 is believed to play a role in cell migration and proliferation, during embryogenesis and wound repair. Also, it has been studied for its use as a potential regulator of tumor growth and metastasis.

Organic salts and esters of benzenesulfonic acid.

Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.

Tumors or cancers of the KIDNEY.

The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site.

Mode of communication wherein a bound hormone affects the function of the cell type that produced the hormone.

Specific molecular sites or structures on cell membranes that react with FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTORS (both the basic and acidic forms), their analogs, or their antagonists to elicit or to inhibit the specific response of the cell to these factors. These receptors frequently possess tyrosine kinase activity.

Techniques and strategies which include the use of coding sequences and other conventional or radical means to transform or modify cells for the purpose of treating or reversing disease conditions.

Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process.

A heterogeneous group of sporadic or hereditary carcinoma derived from cells of the KIDNEYS. There are several subtypes including the clear cells, the papillary, the chromophobe, the collecting duct, the spindle cells (sarcomatoid), or mixed cell-type carcinoma.

A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.

Specific receptors on cell membranes that react with PLATELET-DERIVED GROWTH FACTOR, its analogs, or antagonists. The alpha PDGF receptor (RECEPTOR, PLATELET-DERIVED GROWTH FACTOR ALPHA) and the beta PDGF receptor (RECEPTOR, PLATELET-DERIVED GROWTH FACTOR BETA) are the two principle types of PDGF receptors. Activation of the protein-tyrosine kinase activity of the receptors occurs by ligand-induced dimerization or heterodimerization of PDGF receptor types.

An endopeptidase that is structurally similar to MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE 2. It degrades GELATIN types I and V; COLLAGEN TYPE IV; and COLLAGEN TYPE V.

Neuropilins are 140-kDa vertebrate cell surface receptors that bind neuronal guidance molecules during neural development and axonal outgrowth, and modulate VEGF-mediated angiogenesis. NEUROPILIN-1 and NEUROPILIN-2 differ in their binding specificities, and are distributed complementarily in regions of the developing nervous system. Neuropilins are receptors for secreted CLASS 3 SEMAPHORINS as well as for vascular endothelial growth factors, and may form hetero- or homodimers. They may also interact synergistically with plexins and with VEGF RECEPTORS to form receptor complexes with distinct affinities and specificities. Neuropilin binding specificity is determined by CUB and coagulation-factor-like domains in the extracellular portion of the molecule, while a MAM domain is essential for SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION.

Disease of the RETINA as a complication of DIABETES MELLITUS. It is characterized by the progressive microvascular complications, such as ANEURYSM, interretinal EDEMA, and intraocular PATHOLOGIC NEOVASCULARIZATION.

Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.

Compounds with a six membered aromatic ring containing NITROGEN. The saturated version is PIPERIDINES.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

An important compound functioning as a component of the coenzyme NAD. Its primary significance is in the prevention and/or cure of blacktongue and PELLAGRA. Most animals cannot manufacture this compound in amounts sufficient to prevent nutritional deficiency and it therefore must be supplemented through dietary intake.

The worsening of a disease over time. This concept is most often used for chronic and incurable diseases where the stage of the disease is an important determinant of therapy and prognosis.

Mice homozygous for the mutant autosomal recessive gene "scid" which is located on the centromeric end of chromosome 16. These mice lack mature, functional lymphocytes and are thus highly susceptible to lethal opportunistic infections if not chronically treated with antibiotics. The lack of B- and T-cell immunity resembles severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) syndrome in human infants. SCID mice are useful as animal models since they are receptive to implantation of a human immune system producing SCID-human (SCID-hu) hematochimeric mice.

Conversion of an inactive form of an enzyme to one possessing metabolic activity. It includes 1, activation by ions (activators); 2, activation by cofactors (coenzymes); and 3, conversion of an enzyme precursor (proenzyme or zymogen) to an active enzyme.

A PDGF receptor that binds specifically to the PDGF-B chain. It contains a protein-tyrosine kinase activity that is involved in SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION.

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.

A fibroblast growth factor receptor with specificity for FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTORS; HEPARAN SULFATE PROTEOGLYCAN; and NEURONAL CELL ADHESION MOLECULES. Several variants of the receptor exist due to multiple ALTERNATIVE SPLICING of its mRNA. Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 is a tyrosine kinase that transmits signals through the MAP KINASE SIGNALING SYSTEM.

Cellular signaling in which a factor secreted by a cell affects other cells in the local environment. This term is often used to denote the action of INTERCELLULAR SIGNALING PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS on surrounding cells.

A CALCIUM-dependent, constitutively-expressed form of nitric oxide synthase found primarily in ENDOTHELIAL CELLS.

DNA sequences which are recognized (directly or indirectly) and bound by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase during the initiation of transcription. Highly conserved sequences within the promoter include the Pribnow box in bacteria and the TATA BOX in eukaryotes.

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

Connective tissue cells which secrete an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.

A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.

A superfamily of PROTEIN-SERINE-THREONINE KINASES that are activated by diverse stimuli via protein kinase cascades. They are the final components of the cascades, activated by phosphorylation by MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASES, which in turn are activated by mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases (MAP KINASE KINASE KINASES).

A polypeptide substance comprising about one third of the total protein in mammalian organisms. It is the main constituent of SKIN; CONNECTIVE TISSUE; and the organic substance of bones (BONE AND BONES) and teeth (TOOTH).

Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques.

The outer covering of the body that protects it from the environment. It is composed of the DERMIS and the EPIDERMIS.

Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.

A 17-kDa single-chain polypeptide growth factor that plays a significant role in the process of WOUND HEALING and is a potent inducer of PHYSIOLOGIC ANGIOGENESIS. It binds to HEPARIN, which potentiates its biological activity and protects it from proteolysis. The growth factor is an extremely potent inducer of DNA synthesis in a variety of cell types from mesoderm and neuroectoderm lineages, and also has chemotactic and mitogenic activities. It was originally named acidic fibroblast growth factor based upon its chemical properties and to distinguish it from basic fibroblast growth factor (FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR 2).

Detection of RNA that has been electrophoretically separated and immobilized by blotting on nitrocellulose or other type of paper or nylon membrane followed by hybridization with labeled NUCLEIC ACID PROBES.

Ability of neoplasms to infiltrate and actively destroy surrounding tissue.

A CCN protein family member that regulates a variety of extracellular functions including CELL ADHESION; CELL MIGRATION; and EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX synthesis. It is found in hypertrophic CHONDROCYTES where it may play a role in CHONDROGENESIS and endochondral ossification.

A secreted endopeptidase homologous with INTERSTITIAL COLLAGENASE, but which possesses an additional fibronectin-like domain.

The transparent, semigelatinous substance that fills the cavity behind the CRYSTALLINE LENS of the EYE and in front of the RETINA. It is contained in a thin hyaloid membrane and forms about four fifths of the optic globe.

Cell surface proteins that bind signalling molecules external to the cell with high affinity and convert this extracellular event into one or more intracellular signals that alter the behavior of the target cell (From Alberts, Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2nd ed, pp693-5). Cell surface receptors, unlike enzymes, do not chemically alter their ligands.

A system of organs and tissues that process and transport immune cells and LYMPH.

The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

The biosynthesis of RNA carried out on a template of DNA. The biosynthesis of DNA from an RNA template is called REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION.

The transparent anterior portion of the fibrous coat of the eye consisting of five layers: stratified squamous CORNEAL EPITHELIUM; BOWMAN MEMBRANE; CORNEAL STROMA; DESCEMET MEMBRANE; and mesenchymal CORNEAL ENDOTHELIUM. It serves as the first refracting medium of the eye. It is structurally continuous with the SCLERA, avascular, receiving its nourishment by permeation through spaces between the lamellae, and is innervated by the ophthalmic division of the TRIGEMINAL NERVE via the ciliary nerves and those of the surrounding conjunctiva which together form plexuses. (Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)

A family of non-enveloped viruses infecting mammals (MASTADENOVIRUS) and birds (AVIADENOVIRUS) or both (ATADENOVIRUS). Infections may be asymptomatic or result in a variety of diseases.

Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.

Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21)

The ten-layered nervous tissue membrane of the eye. It is continuous with the OPTIC NERVE and receives images of external objects and transmits visual impulses to the brain. Its outer surface is in contact with the CHOROID and the inner surface with the VITREOUS BODY. The outer-most layer is pigmented, whereas the inner nine layers are transparent.

A nonmuscle isoform of myosin type II found predominantly in neuronal tissue.

The introduction of functional (usually cloned) GENES into cells. A variety of techniques and naturally occurring processes are used for the gene transfer such as cell hybridization, LIPOSOMES or microcell-mediated gene transfer, ELECTROPORATION, chromosome-mediated gene transfer, TRANSFECTION, and GENETIC TRANSDUCTION. Gene transfer may result in genetically transformed cells and individual organisms.

An extra-embryonic membranous sac derived from the YOLK SAC of REPTILES; BIRDS; and MAMMALS. It lies between two other extra-embryonic membranes, the AMNION and the CHORION. The allantois serves to store urinary wastes and mediate exchange of gas and nutrients for the developing embryo.

A family of structurally-related angiogenic proteins of approximately 70 kDa in size. They have high specificity for members of the TIE RECEPTOR FAMILY.

A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells.

A well-characterized neutral peptide believed to be secreted by the LIVER and to circulate in the BLOOD. It has growth-regulating, insulin-like and mitogenic activities. The growth factor has a major, but not absolute, dependence on SOMATOTROPIN. It is believed to be a major fetal growth factor in contrast to INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR I, which is a major growth factor in adults.

A carcinoma discovered by Dr. Margaret R. Lewis of the Wistar Institute in 1951. This tumor originated spontaneously as a carcinoma of the lung of a C57BL mouse. The tumor does not appear to be grossly hemorrhagic and the majority of the tumor tissue is a semifirm homogeneous mass. (From Cancer Chemother Rep 2 1972 Nov;(3)1:325) It is also called 3LL and LLC and is used as a transplantable malignancy.

A ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates OXYGEN-dependent polyubiquitination of HYPOXIA-INDUCIBLE FACTOR 1, ALPHA SUBUNIT. It is inactivated in VON HIPPEL-LINDAU SYNDROME.

Protein kinases that catalyze the PHOSPHORYLATION of TYROSINE residues in proteins with ATP or other nucleotides as phosphate donors.

A 44-kDa extracellular signal-regulated MAP kinase that may play a role the initiation and regulation of MEIOSIS; MITOSIS; and postmitotic functions in differentiated cells. It phosphorylates a number of TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; and MICROTUBULE-ASSOCIATED PROTEINS.

Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.

An intracellular signaling system involving the MAP kinase cascades (three-membered protein kinase cascades). Various upstream activators, which act in response to extracellular stimuli, trigger the cascades by activating the first member of a cascade, MAP KINASE KINASE KINASES; (MAPKKKs). Activated MAPKKKs phosphorylate MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASES which in turn phosphorylate the MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASES; (MAPKs). The MAPKs then act on various downstream targets to affect gene expression. In mammals, there are several distinct MAP kinase pathways including the ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) pathway, the SAPK/JNK (stress-activated protein kinase/c-jun kinase) pathway, and the p38 kinase pathway. There is some sharing of components among the pathways depending on which stimulus originates activation of the cascade.

Single preparations containing two or more active agents, for the purpose of their concurrent administration as a fixed dose mixture.

The administration of substances into the VITREOUS BODY of the eye with a hypodermic syringe.

A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.

A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia, microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures.

Connective tissue cells of an organ found in the loose connective tissue. These are most often associated with the uterine mucosa and the ovary as well as the hematopoietic system and elsewhere.

A fibroblast growth factor that is a specific mitogen for EPITHELIAL CELLS. It binds a complex of HEPARAN SULFATE and FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR 2B.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

DNA molecules capable of autonomous replication within a host cell and into which other DNA sequences can be inserted and thus amplified. Many are derived from PLASMIDS; BACTERIOPHAGES; or VIRUSES. They are used for transporting foreign genes into recipient cells. Genetic vectors possess a functional replicator site and contain GENETIC MARKERS to facilitate their selective recognition.

The main trunk of the systemic arteries.

Processes required for CELL ENLARGEMENT and CELL PROLIFERATION.

A mitogen-activated protein kinase subfamily that is widely expressed and plays a role in regulation of MEIOSIS; MITOSIS; and post mitotic functions in differentiated cells. The extracellular signal regulated MAP kinases are regulated by a broad variety of CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS and can be activated by certain CARCINOGENS.

Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake.

The outermost extra-embryonic membrane surrounding the developing embryo. In REPTILES and BIRDS, it adheres to the shell and allows exchange of gases between the egg and its environment. In MAMMALS, the chorion evolves into the fetal contribution of the PLACENTA.

Cellular DNA-binding proteins encoded by the sis gene (GENES, SIS). c-sis proteins make up the B chain of PLATELET-DERIVED GROWTH FACTOR. Overexpression of c-sis causes tumorigenesis.

VEGF is required for growth and survival in neonatal mice. (1/12040)

We employed two independent approaches to inactivate the angiogenic protein VEGF in newborn mice: inducible, Cre-loxP- mediated gene targeting, or administration of mFlt(1-3)-IgG, a soluble VEGF receptor chimeric protein. Partial inhibition of VEGF achieved by inducible gene targeting resulted in increased mortality, stunted body growth and impaired organ development, most notably of the liver. Administration of mFlt(1-3)-IgG, which achieves a higher degree of VEGF inhibition, resulted in nearly complete growth arrest and lethality. Ultrastructural analysis documented alterations in endothelial and other cell types. Histological and biochemical changes consistent with liver and renal failure were observed. Endothelial cells isolated from the liver of mFlt(1-3)-IgG-treated neonates demonstrated an increased apoptotic index, indicating that VEGF is required not only for proliferation but also for survival of endothelial cells. However, such treatment resulted in less significant alterations as the animal matured, and the dependence on VEGF was eventually lost some time after the fourth postnatal week. Administration of mFlt(1-3)-IgG to juvenile mice failed to induce apoptosis in liver endothelial cells. Thus, VEGF is essential for growth and survival in early postnatal life. However, in the fully developed animal, VEGF is likely to be involved primarily in active angiogenesis processes such as corpus luteum development. (+info)

Role of alphavbeta3 integrin in the activation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2. (2/12040)

Interaction between integrin alphavbeta3 and extracellular matrix is crucial for endothelial cells sprouting from capillaries and for angiogenesis. Furthermore, integrin-mediated outside-in signals co-operate with growth factor receptors to promote cell proliferation and motility. To determine a potential regulation of angiogenic inducer receptors by the integrin system, we investigated the interaction between alphavbeta3 integrin and tyrosine kinase vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) in human endothelial cells. We report that tyrosine-phosphorylated VEGFR-2 co-immunoprecipitated with beta3 integrin subunit, but not with beta1 or beta5, from cells stimulated with VEGF-A165. VEGFR-2 phosphorylation and mitogenicity induced by VEGF-A165 were enhanced in cells plated on the alphavbeta3 ligand, vitronectin, compared with cells plated on the alpha5beta1 ligand, fibronectin or the alpha2beta1 ligand, collagen. BV4 anti-beta3 integrin mAb, which does not interfere with endothelial cell adhesion to vitronectin, reduced (i) the tyrosine phosphorylation of VEGFR-2; (ii) the activation of downstream transductor phosphoinositide 3-OH kinase; and (iii) biological effects triggered by VEGF-A165. These results indicate a new role for alphavbeta3 integrin in the activation of an in vitro angiogenic program in endothelial cells. Besides being the most important survival system for nascent vessels by regulating cell adhesion to matrix, alphavbeta3 integrin participates in the full activation of VEGFR-2 triggered by VEGF-A, which is an important angiogenic inducer in tumors, inflammation and tissue regeneration. (+info)

Vascular endothelial growth factor activates nuclear factor of activated T cells in human endothelial cells: a role for tissue factor gene expression. (3/12040)

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent angiogenic inducer that stimulates the expression of tissue factor (TF), the major cellular initiator of blood coagulation. Here we show that signaling triggered by VEGF induced DNA-binding and transcriptional activities of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and AP-1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). VEGF also induced TF mRNA expression and gene promoter activation by a cyclosporin A (CsA)-sensitive mechanism. As in lymphoid cells, NFAT was dephosphorylated and translocated to the nucleus upon activation of HUVECs, and these processes were blocked by CsA. NFAT was involved in the VEGF-mediated TF promoter activation as evidenced by cotransfection experiments with a dominant negative version of NFAT and site-directed mutagenesis of a newly identified NFAT site within the TF promoter that overlaps with a previously identified kappaB-like site. Strikingly, this site bound exclusively NFAT not only from nuclear extracts of HUVECs activated by VEGF, a stimulus that failed to induce NF-kappaB-binding activity, but also from extracts of cells activated with phorbol esters and calcium ionophore, a combination of stimuli that triggered the simultaneous activation of NFAT and NF-kappaB. These results implicate NFAT in the regulation of endothelial genes by physiological means and shed light on the mechanisms that switch on the gene expression program induced by VEGF and those regulating TF gene expression. (+info)

Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in human oral squamous cell carcinoma: its association with tumour progression and p53 gene status. (4/12040)

AIMS: To correlate vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma with the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis; and to assess whether p53 gene status is associated with VEGF expression in human cancers. METHODS: Tumour specimens from 45 patients with oral squamous cell carcinomas were examined. Expression of VEGF was determined using an immunohistochemical method, and a tumour was considered positive when more than 5% of the neoplastic cells showed VEGF immunoreactivity. The p53 gene status was screened using a polymerase chain reaction--single strand conformation polymorphism analysis. RESULTS: VEGF positive staining was detected in 19 (42.2%) of the 45 cases. VEGF immunoreactivity did not correlate with the histological degree of tumour differentiation, clinical stages, or lymph node metastasis. The patients with VEGF positive tumours had a significantly worse prognosis than those with VEGF negative tumours. The five year overall survival rate of the VEGF negative patients was 76.5%, as compared with 48.8% for the VEGF positive patients. No significant association between VEGF expression and the p53 gene status of the tumours was found. CONCLUSIONS: VEGF is a good prognostic indicator of the survival of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. The p53 gene status does not seem to be associated with VEGF expression in these cancers. (+info)

Differential regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor fms-like-tyrosine kinase is mediated by nitric oxide in rat renal mesangial cells. (5/12040)

Under conditions associated with local and systemic inflammation, mesangial cells and invading immune cells are likely to be responsible for the release of large amounts of nitric oxide (NO) in the glomerulus. To further define the mechanisms of NO action in the glomerulus, we attempted to identify genes which are regulated by NO in rat glomerular mesangial cells. We identified vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor fms-like tyrosine kinase (FLT-1) to be under the regulatory control of exogenously applied NO in these cells. Using S-nitroso-glutathione (GSNO) as an NO-donating agent, VEGF expression was strongly induced, whereas expression of its FLT-1 receptor simultaneously decreased. Expressional regulation of VEGF and FLT-1 mRNA was transient and occurred rapidly within 1-3 h after GSNO treatment. Expression of a second VEGF-specific receptor, fetal liver kinase-1 (FLK-1/KDR), could not be detected. The inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1beta mediated a moderate increase in VEGF expression after 24 h and had no influence on FLT-1 expression. In contrast, platelet-derived growth factor-BB and basic fibroblast growth factor had no effect on VEGF expression, but strongly induced FLT-1 mRNA levels. Obviously, there is a differential regulation of VEGF and its receptor FLT-1 by NO, cytokines and growth factors in rat mesangial cells. (+info)

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor II-derived peptides inhibit VEGF. (6/12040)

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) directly stimulates endothelial cell proliferation and migration via tyrosine kinase receptors of the split kinase domain family. It mediates vascular growth and angiogenesis in the embryo but also in the adult in a variety of physiological and pathological conditions. The potential binding site of VEGF with its receptor was identified using cellulose-bound overlapping peptides of the extracytosolic part of the human vascular endothelial growth factor receptor II (VEGFR II). Thus, a peptide originating from the third globular domain of the VEGFR II comprising residues 247RTELNVGIDFNWEYP261 was revealed as contiguous sequence stretch, which bound 125I-VEGF165. A systematic replacement with L-amino acids within the peptide representing the putative VEGF-binding site on VEGFR II indicates Asp255 as the hydrophilic key residue for binding. The dimerized peptide (RTELNVGIDFNWEYPAS)2K inhibits VEGF165 binding with an IC50 of 0.5 microM on extracellular VEGFR II fragments and 30 microM on human umbilical vein cells. VEGF165-stimulated autophosphorylation of VEGFR II as well as proliferation and migration of microvascular endothelial cells was inhibited by the monomeric peptide RTELNVGIDFNWEYPASK at a half-maximal concentration of 3-10, 0.1, and 0.1 microM, respectively. We conclude that transduction of the VEGF165 signal can be interrupted with a peptide derived from the third Ig-like domain of VEGFR II by blockade of VEGF165 binding to its receptor. (+info)

Expression of thrombospondin-1 in ischemia-induced retinal neovascularization. (7/12040)

Thrombospondin-1 is an extracellular matrix protein that inhibits endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. This study was performed to investigate the role of thrombospondin-1 in ischemic retinal neovascularization. In a murine model of retinal neovascularization, thrombospondin-1 mRNA was increased from postnatal day 13 (P13), with a threefold peak response observed on P15, corresponding to the time of development of retinal neovascularization. Prominent expression of thrombospondin-1 was observed in neovascular cells, specifically, cells adjacent to the area of nonperfusion. It has been suggested that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a major role in ischemia-induced retinal neovascularization of this model, so we studied the effects of VEGF on thrombospondin-1 expression. In bovine retinal microcapillary endothelial cells, VEGF induced a biphasic response of thrombospondin-1 expression; VEGF decreased thrombospondin-1 mRNA 0.41-fold after 4 hours, whereas it increased, with a threefold peak response, after 24 hours. VEGF-induced endothelial cell proliferation was completely inhibited by exogenous thrombospondin-1 and increased by 37.5% with anti-thrombospondin-1 antibody. The present findings suggest that, in the ischemic retina, retinal neovascular cells increase thrombospondin-1 expression, and VEGF may stimulate endogenous thrombospondin-1 induction, which inhibits endothelial cell growth. VEGF-mediated thrombospondin-1 induction in ischemia-induced angiogenesis may be a negative feedback mechanism. (+info)

Rescue of diabetes-related impairment of angiogenesis by intramuscular gene therapy with adeno-VEGF. (8/12040)

Diabetes is a major risk factor for coronary and peripheral artery diseases. Although diabetic patients often present with advanced forms of these diseases, it is not known whether the compensatory mechanisms to vascular ischemia are affected in this condition. Accordingly, we sought to determine whether diabetes could: 1) impair the development of new collateral vessel formation in response to tissue ischemia and 2) inhibit cytokine-induced therapeutic neovascularization. Hindlimb ischemia was created by femoral artery ligation in nonobese diabetic mice (NOD mice, n = 20) and in control C57 mice (n = 20). Hindlimb perfusion was evaluated by serial laser Doppler studies after the surgery. In NOD mice, measurement of the Doppler flow ratio between the ischemic and the normal limb indicated that restoration of perfusion in the ischemic hindlimb was significantly impaired. At day 14 after surgery, Doppler flow ratio in the NOD mice was 0.49+/-0.04 versus 0.73+/-0.06 for the C57 mice (P< or =0.005). This impairment in blood flow recovery persisted throughout the duration of the study with Doppler flow ratio values at day 35 of 0.50+/-0.05 versus 0.90+/-0.07 in the NOD and C57 mice, respectively (P< or =0.001). CD31 immunostaining confirmed the laser Doppler data by showing a significant reduction in capillary density in the NOD mice at 35 days after surgery (302+/-4 capillaries/mm2 versus 782+/-78 in C57 mice (P< or =0.005). The reduction in neovascularization in the NOD mice was the result of a lower level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the ischemic tissues, as assessed by Northern blot, Western blot and immunohistochemistry. The central role of VEGF was confirmed by showing that normal levels of neovascularization (compared with C57) could be achieved in NOD mice that had been supplemented for this growth factor via intramuscular injection of an adenoviral vector encoding for VEGF. We conclude that 1) diabetes impairs endogenous neovascularization of ischemic tissues; 2) the impairment in new blood vessel formation results from reduced expression of VEGF; and 3) cytokine supplementation achieved by intramuscular adeno-VEGF gene transfer restores neovascularization in a mouse model of diabetes. (+info)

Proteopedia Vascular_Endothelial_Growth_Factor - the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Structure in Interactive 3D (Wikipedia ... Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF, /vɛdʒˈɛf/), originally known as vascular permeability factor (VPF), is a signal ... Ribatti D (2005). "The crucial role of vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor in angiogenesis: a ... "Transcriptional regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor in cancer". Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 16 (1): 77-89. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular_endothelial_growth_factor

... (VEGF-C) is a protein that is a member of the platelet-derived growth factor / vascular ... January 1998). "Vascular endothelial growth factor D (VEGF-D) is a ligand for the tyrosine kinases VEGF receptor 2 (Flk1) and ... January 2004). "Vascular endothelial growth factor C is required for sprouting of the first lymphatic vessels from embryonic ... January 2003). "Vascular endothelial growth factor-C expression in human gallbladder cancer and its relationship to lymph node ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular_endothelial_growth_factor_C

1996). "Vascular endothelial growth factor B, a novel growth factor for endothelial cells". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93 (6 ... VEGF-B is a growth factor that belongs to the vascular endothelial growth factor family, of which VEGF-A is the best-known ... Vascular endothelial growth factor B also known as VEGF-B is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the VEGF-B gene. ... "Entrez Gene: VEGFB vascular endothelial growth factor B". Zhang F, Tang Z, Hou X, Lennartsson J, Li Y, Koch AW, Scotney P, Lee ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular_endothelial_growth_factor_B

... has been shown to interact with: ADAMTS1, CTGF, and NRP1, Vascular endothelial growth ... This gene is a member of the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family and encodes ... "Assignment of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and placenta growth factor (PLGF) genes to human chromosome 6p12-p21 ... "Connective tissue growth factor binds vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and inhibits VEGF-induced angiogenesis". FASEB ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular_endothelial_growth_factor_A

Page for Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) IRES A at Rfam v t e (GO template errors, Cis-regulatory RNA elements, All ... This family represents the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) internal ribosome entry site (IRES) A. VEGF is an ... "Two independent internal ribosome entry sites are involved in translation initiation of vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA ... endothelial cell mitogen with many crucial functions such as embryogenic development and wound healing. The 5' UTR of VEGF mRNA ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular_endothelial_growth_factor_(VEGF)_IRES_A

For instance, the receptor VEGFR-1 can prevent vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) from binding to the VEGFR-2 The TNF ... Hugo H. Marti (2013). Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor. Landes Bioscience. Zalevsky J, Secher T, Ezhevsky SA, et al. (August ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decoy

Vascular endothelial growth factor 1. Isner JM. Therapeutic angiogenesis: a new frontier for vascular therapy. Vasc Med. 1996 1 ... Spatiotemporal control over growth factor signaling for therapeutic neovascularization. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2007 Nov 10;59(13): ... v t e (Vascular procedures, All stub articles, Medical treatment stubs). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Therapeutic_angiogenesis

... epidermal growth factor receptor; MoAbs, monoclonal antibodies; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor. The major challenge ... factor for BPA in skin of 2.5. A relative biological effectiveness (RBE) or CBE factor of 3.2 has been used in all tissues for ... The RBE factor is used to compare the biologic effectiveness of different types of ionizing radiation. The high-LET components ... From these results, it was concluded that BNCT was effective in locally controlling tumor growth, shrinking tumors, and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron_capture_therapy_of_cancer

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FLT1 gene. FLT1 is a member of VEGF ... Shibuya M (2007). "Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1/Flt-1): a dual regulator for angiogenesis". ... FLT1 has been shown to interact with PLCG1 and vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGF-B). VEGF receptors GRCh38: Ensembl ... Petrova TV, Makinen T, Alitalo K (November 1999). "Signaling via vascular endothelial growth factor receptors". Experimental ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VEGFR1

Lee J, Gray A, Yuan J, Luoh SM, Avraham H, Wood WI (March 1996). "Vascular endothelial growth factor-related protein: a ligand ... This gene encodes a tyrosine kinase receptor for vascular endothelial growth factors C and D. The protein is thought to be ... Petrova TV, Makinen T, Alitalo K (November 1999). "Signaling via vascular endothelial growth factor receptors". Experimental ... "Vascular endothelial growth factor D (VEGF-D) is a ligand for the tyrosine kinases VEGF receptor 2 (Flk1) and VEGF receptor 3 ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FLT4

"Vascular endothelial growth factor gene therapy - HSCI". Adis Insight. Springer Nature Switzerland AG. "Gene Therapy for PAD ... it delivers the gene encoding for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Neovasculogen is a plasmid encoding the CMV ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambiogenplasmid

"Neuropilin-1 is expressed by endothelial and tumor cells as an isoform-specific receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor ... Gluzman-Poltorak Z, Cohen T, Shibuya M, Neufeld G (June 2001). "Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 and neuropilin-2 ... January 2002). "Selective upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors neuropilin-1 and -2 in human ... "Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors". FASEB Journal. 13 (1): 9-22. doi:10.1096/fasebj.13.1.9. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuropilin_2

Simha A, Aziz K, Braganza A, Abraham L, Samuel P, Lindsley KB (February 2020). "Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for ... "Regulation of FOXC1 stability and transcriptional activity by an epidermal growth factor-activated mitogen-activated protein ... Risk factors for glaucoma include increasing age, high pressure in the eye, a family history of glaucoma, and use of steroid ... Other factors can cause glaucoma, known as "secondary glaucoma", including prolonged use of steroids (steroid-induced glaucoma ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaucoma

... such as Von Willebrand factor and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). These substances could also have a role in PDP ... 2000). "Vascular endothelial growth factor and hypertrophic osteoarthropathy". Clin Exp Rheumatol. 18 (1): 57-62. PMID 10728444 ... platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF). It has not been described yet what role these ... Von Willebrand factor is a marker of platelet and endothelial activation. This suggests that the activation of endothelial ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pachydermoperiostosis

Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy, also known as anti-VEGF (/vɛdʒˈɛf/) therapy or medication, is the use of ... Braithwaite T, Nanji AA, Lindsley K, Greenberg PB (May 2014). "Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for macular oedema ... Virgili G, Parravano M, Evans JR, Gordon I, Lucenteforte E (October 2018). "Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for ... "Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for control of wound healing in glaucoma surgery". Cochrane Database of Systematic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-VEGF

While some studies recommend the use of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs for inhibition of neovascularization in ... "Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for neovascular glaucoma". Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2: CD007920. doi: ... Risk factors for secondary glaucoma include uveitis, cataract surgery and also intraocular tumours. Common treatments are ... This results in the accumulation of aqueous and thus elevated IOP, which is a common risk factor for the progression of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_glaucoma

Some growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, are also capable of directly acting as mitogens, causing ... Other well-known mitogenic growth factors include platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF). ... This is not true for all growth factors, as some growth factors instead appear to cause mitogenic effects like growth ... "Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor is a Secreted Angiogenic Mitogen". 8 December 1989, Science, Vol. 246, pp 1306-1309. Morgan ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitogen

Another agent involved in autocrine cancer signaling is vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). VEGF, produced by carcinoma ... Weigand, Melanie; Hantel, Pia; Kreienberg, Rolf; Waltenberger, Johannes (2005). "Autocrine vascular endothelial growth factor ... One approach used by tumors to upregulate growth and survival is through autocrine production of growth and survival factors. ... For example, despite widespread expression of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs) and EGF family ligands in non-small- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autocrine_signaling

Mousa SA, Mousa SS (June 2010). "Current status of vascular endothelial growth factor inhibition in age-related macular ... Ferrara N, Adamis AP (June 2016). "Ten years of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy". Nature Reviews. Drug ... Examples of RNA aptamer molecular targets and potential targets include vascular endothelial growth factor, osteoblasts, and C- ... Tumor growth was significantly delayed and extended survival in mice. SLR14 improved antitumor efficacy of anti-PD1 antibody ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA_therapeutics

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) cDNA was ligated to either side of an ... Leung, D.; Cachianes, G; Kuang, W.; Goeddel, D.; Ferrara, N (1989). "Vascular endothelial growth factor is a secreted ... engineered cells produce a bioluminescent marker and a chemotactic growth factor. In this instance, increased fluorescence of ... A key factor that differentiates molecular processors is "the ability to control output" of protein or peptide concentration as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_processor

The placental growth factor (PGF) gene is a protein-coding gene and a member of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) ... Placental growth factor (PGF) is a member of the VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) sub-family - a key molecule in ... "Entrez Gene: PGF placental growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor-related protein". Maglione D, Guerriero V, ... "Assignment of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and placenta growth factor (PLGF) genes to human chromosome 6p12-p21 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Placental_growth_factor

April 2005). "Vascular endothelial growth factor in pleural effusions of different origin". Eur. Respir. J. 25 (4): 600-4. doi: ... been shown to be raised in malignant pleural effusions compared to benign disease include vascular endothelial growth factor ( ... Clinical factors predicting the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusions are symptoms lasting more than 1 month and the absence ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malignant_pleural_effusion

... vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). These ... Hugo H. Marti, "Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor", Madame Curie Bioscience Database, Landes Bioscience, retrieved January 25 ... Rini BI (February 2007). "Vascular endothelial growth factor-targeted therapy in renal cell carcinoma: current status and ... water extract inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor-induced angiogenesis through inhibition of reactive oxygen species ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiogenesis_inhibitor

Endothelial_Growth_Factor_Receptor - the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor Structure in Interactive 3D Portal: ... July 2008). "Vascular endothelial growth factor-A is a survival factor for nucleus pulposus cells in the intervertebral disc". ... "Neuropilin-1 is expressed by endothelial and tumor cells as an isoform-specific receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor ... Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an important signaling protein involved in both vasculogenesis (the formation of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VEGF_receptor

It works by slowing the growth of new blood vessels by inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), in other words ... Its development was based on the discovery of human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a protein that stimulated blood ... Ferrara N (2011). "From the discovery of vascular endothelial growth factor to the introduction of avastin in clinical trials ... Ribatti D (2008). "Napoleone Ferrara and the saga of vascular endothelial growth factor". Endothelium. 15 (1): 1-8. doi:10.1080 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bevacizumab

"Vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor expression in a mouse model of retinal neovascularization". ... Vascular endothelial growth factor) which is known to induce vessel leakage and which is also known to be angiogenic. In normal ... "Tumor vascular permeability factor stimulates endothelial cell growth and angiogenesis". The Journal of Clinical Investigation ... but such activity is lost with other angiogenic factors. Many angiostatic factors have been shown to counteract the effect of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_therapy_of_the_human_retina

"Napoleone Ferrara and the saga of vascular endothelial growth factor". Endothelium: Journal of Endothelial Cell Research. 15 (1 ... vascular endothelial growth factor' in 1989, while working at Genentech. He is credited with developing a whole new class of ... NGF or nerve growth factor, a protein involved primarily in the growth, as well as the maintenance, proliferation, and survival ... "The Multiple Life of Nerve Growth Factor: Tribute to Rita Levi-Montalcini (1909-2012)". Balkan Medical Journal. 30 (1): 4-7. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Italian_inventions_and_discoveries

"Inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor in the primate ovary up-regulates hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha in the ... It is an inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). It is used for the treatment of wet macular degeneration and ... Fraser HM, Wilson H, Silvestri A, Morris KD, Wiegand SJ (September 2008). "The role of vascular endothelial growth factor and ... Virgili G, Parravano M, Evans JR, Gordon I, Lucenteforte E (October 2018). "Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aflibercept

One study suggested a possible role for vascular endothelial growth factor. A study using magnetic resonance imaging found that ... November 2005). "RS3PE syndrome presenting as vascular endothelial growth factor associated disorder". Ann. Rheum. Dis. 64 (11 ... and a negative serum rheumatoid factor. If no underlying disorder can be identified (idiopathic RS3PE), this entity has an ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remitting_seronegative_symmetrical_synovitis_with_pitting_edema

"Napoleone Ferrara and the saga of vascular endothelial growth factor". Endothelium. 15 (1): 1-8. doi:10.1080/10623320802092377 ... soon identified the already-known fibroblast growth factor as an angiogenic factor, but the team's work showed that there were ... In these trials they also studied the levels of fibroblast growth factor in the urine of the trial subjects and published that ... basic fibroblast growth factor, in the urine of patients with a wide spectrum of cancers". J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 86 (5): 356-61 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judah_Folkman

... coronary artery disease and the stenosis of coronary artery stents and do so by inhibiting vascular endothelial cells from ... Li M, Luo F, Tian X, Yin S, Zhou L, Zheng S (2020). "Chemokine-Like Factor-Like MARVEL Transmembrane Domain-Containing Family ... Cai B, Xiao Y, Li Y, Zheng S (August 2017). "CMTM5 inhibits renal cancer cell growth through inducing cell-cycle arrest and ... These proteins are: chemokine-like factor (i.e. CLF, the founding member of the family) and CEF-like marvel transmembrane ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CKLF-like_MARVEL_transmembrane_domain-containing_5

Yi ZY, Feng LJ, Xiang Z, Yao H (2011). "Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 activation mediates epithelial to ... conditional inactivation of the β-catenin gene in endothelial cells causes a defective vascular pattern and increased vascular ... to specifically have vascular endothelium cells deficient in β-catenin showed disrupted adhesion between vascular endothelial ... homeostasis and growth, also make it susceptible to alterations that can lead to abnormal cell behavior and growth. Any changes ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catenin

June 1990). "Expression of the CD34 gene in vascular endothelial cells". Blood. 75 (12): 2417-2426. doi:10.1182/blood.V75.12. ... Kees UR, Ford J (February 1999). "Synergistic action of stem-cell factor and interleukin-7 in a human immature T-cell line". ... "Distinct requirements for optimal growth and In vitro expansion of human CD34(+)CD38(-) bone marrow long-term culture- ... or in endothelial progenitor cells, endothelial cells of blood vessels but not lymphatics (except pleural lymphatics), mast ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD34

These include all receptors for platelet-derived growth factor (PDGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR ... He and his team discovered that inhibiting a key player in the signaling system (called vascular endothelial growth factor ... receptor or VEGFR) suppresses the generation of blood vessels in tumors and slows down cancer cell growth. Years later, a small ... the growth of blood vessels in tumors. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axel_Ullrich

Intravitreal corticosteroids or anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy may be advised in some cases. Prevalence of ... Theories suggest that the dis edema is due to retinal vascular leakage into and surrounding the optic nerve and disruption of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetic_papillopathy

"MicroRNA-101 suppresses migration and invasion via targeting vascular endothelial growth factor-C in hepatocellular carcinoma ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA-PKcs

Chang CJ, Chao JC (April 2002). "Effect of human milk and epidermal growth factor on growth of human intestinal Caco-2 cells". ... Shiga toxins promote endothelial-cell secretion and impair ADAMTS13 cleavage of unusually large von Willebrand factor multimers ... and Vascular Biology. 19 (9): 2078-84. doi:10.1161/01.ATV.19.9.2078. PMID 10479648. Fujita S, Ito T, Mizutani T, Minoguchi S, ... "The AP-1 transcription factor regulates breast cancer cell growth via cyclins and E2F factors". Oncogene. 27 (3): 366-77. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AP-1_transcription_factor

... suppression of TGFβ signaling contributes to the maintenance of vascular identity in embryonic stem cell-derived endothelial ... Endothelial cells possess tissue-specific genes that code for unique growth factors, adhesion molecules and factors regulating ... Angiocrine growth factors are molecules found in blood vessels' endothelial cells that can stimulate organ-specific repair ... An infusion of engineered endothelial cells may be able to engraft into injured tissue and acquire the capacity to repair the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiocrine_growth_factors

Upregulation of PHACTR1 by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β has been described in breast cancer cell lines, potentially ... Through this function, PHACTR1 is suggested to play a role in cell motility and vascular morphogenesis. Meanwhile, suppression ... October 2011). "Depletion of the novel protein PHACTR-1 from human endothelial cells abolishes tube formation and induces cell ... a new signaling route through which transforming growth factor-β Mediates the migration and actin dynamics of breast cancer ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PHACTR1

"Vascular endothelial growth factor-regulated gene expression in endothelial cells: KDR-mediated induction of Egr3 and the ... "The NR4A orphan nuclear receptor NOR1 is induced by platelet-derived growth factor and mediates vascular smooth muscle cell ... Rius J, Martínez-González J, Crespo J, Badimon L (Feb 2006). "NOR-1 is involved in VEGF-induced endothelial cell growth". ... in LDL-induced mitogenic stimulus in vascular smooth muscle cells: role of CREB". Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_receptor_4A3

"Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 mediates induction of corneal alloimmunity." Nature Medicine 10, no. 8 (2004): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedram_Hamrah

2003). "Vascular endothelial growth factor 121 and 165 in the subacromial bursa are involved in shoulder joint contracture in ... 2001). "Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in the subacromial bursa is increased in patients with impingement ... These factors can be broadly classified as intrinsic such as tendon degeneration, rotator cuff muscle weakness and overuse. ... Extrinsic factors include bone spurs from the acromion or AC joint, shoulder instability and neurologic problems arising ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subacromial_bursitis

... but its anti-angiogenic effects do not appear to be linked to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) neutralization or VEGF ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasquinimod

It has been hypothesized that vascular endothelial growth factor may cause the vascular permeability at the root of HACE. MRI ... These factors cause the brain to swell with fluid, resulting in severe impairment. If the swelling is untreated, it causes ... This in turn can increase vascular permeability and causes edema. This may combine with low levels of cytokines to cause HACE. ... evidence of vascular permeability. While there is strong evidence that vasogenic edema plays a major role in HACE, cytotoxic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-altitude_cerebral_edema

Decreased expression is also observed in cells treated with vascular endothelial growth factor. The protein is thought to be ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARMH3

... on the surface of developing endothelial cells to control a transcriptional program that regulates endothelial growth and ... Each has four β-propeller motifs at the amino terminal end that alternate with four epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like repeats ... Ye X, Wang Y, Nathans J (Sep 2010). "The Norrin/Frizzled4 signaling pathway in retinal vascular development and disease". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LRP5

... vascular endothelial growth factor A (angiogenic growth factor) (6p21.1) VPS52: GARP complex subunit ZKSCAN4: encoding protein ... "T brachyury transcription factor". T - T brachyury transcription factor - Genetics Home Reference. Genome Decoration Page, NCBI ... insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor (6q25.3) IMPG1: interphotoreceptor matrix proteoglylcan 1 (6q14.1) KIAA0408 LGSN: ... splicing factor 3b subunit 5 (6q24.2) SMAP1: small ArfGAP 1 (6q13) SOBP: sine oculis binding protein homolog (6q21) SPG25: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_6

... can refer to: Vascular permeability factor, an alternate name for the protein vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VPF

... insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) promote the formation of SK enzymes, leading to ... by activation of ceramidase by growth-inducing proteins such as platelet-derived growth factor and insulin-like growth factor, ... Certain growth-inducing proteins such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), ... Other factors that induce SK include cellular communication molecules called cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid_signaling

... a Specific Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, Affects the Anatomy of the Tumor Vascular Bed ... Effects of PTK787/ZK 222584, a Specific Inhibitor of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinases, on Primary ... Cancer Res September 1, 2000 (60) (17) 4819-4824; Phase I Clinical Study of AZD2171, an Oral Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ... and the Functional Vascular Properties as Detected by Dynamic Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Joachim Drevs, Ralph Müller- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joachim_Drevs

... an autosomal dominant condition caused by a mutation in the FLT4 gene which encodes of the vascular endothelial growth factor ... It has been linked to a mutations in the 'forkhead' family transcription factor (FOXC2) gene located on the long arm of ... Males and females may have upslanting toenails, deep creases in the toes, wart-like growths (papillomas), and prominent leg ... Vascular-related cutaneous conditions, Rare genetic syndromes). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milroy's_disease

2007) Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 stimulates pulmonary fibrosis and inflammation via a Bax-dependent, bid-activated ... of both alveolar ventilation and cardiac output because bronchial and vascular functions are altered by injury-related factors ... The core pathology is disruption of the capillary-endothelial interface: this actually refers to two separate barriers - the ... 2007) Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 stimulates pulmonary fibrosis and inflammation via a Bax-dependent, bid-activated ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_inhalation_injury

HIF activates downstream targets such as the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), promoting angiogenesis. Mutations in ... Schmidt MH, Furnari FB, Cavenee WK, Bögler O (May 2003). "Epidermal growth factor receptor signaling intensity determines ... "Deubiquitinase function of A20 maintains and repairs endothelial barrier after lung vascular injury". Cell Death Discovery. 4 ( ... in patients with glioblastoma are related to the deletion of a part of the extracellular domain of the epidermal growth factor ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubiquitin

Dohmen then created a decellularized cryopreserved pulmonary allograft scaffold and seeded it with human vascular endothelial ... vasodilation occurs to increase blood flow to the wound site along with the release of growth factors, cytokines, and other ... allowing further tissue and vascular growth. 3-D porous scaffolds can be manufactured through 3-D printing or various polymers ... which have a high growth factor. Techniques to produce fibrous scaffolds include electrospinning, in which a liquid solution of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tissue_engineering_of_heart_valves

... miR-126 modulates the expression of epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro ... Musiyenko A, Bitko V, Barik S (2008). "Ectopic expression of miR-126*, an intronic product of the vascular endothelial EGF-like ... Harris TA, Yamakuchi M, Ferlito M, Mendell JT, Lowenstein CJ (2008). "MicroRNA-126 regulates endothelial expression of vascular ... POU3F1, a factor required for the activation of the transcription factor PU.1. PU.1 negatively regulates GATA3 expression, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mir-126

Abedi H, Zachary I (June 1997). "Vascular endothelial growth factor stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation and recruitment to new ... beta5 in vascular endothelial growth factor signaling". The Journal of Cell Biology. 157 (1): 149-60. doi:10.1083/jcb.200109079 ... Sieg DJ, Hauck CR, Ilic D, Klingbeil CK, Schaefer E, Damsky CH, Schlaepfer DD (May 2000). "FAK integrates growth-factor and ... growth factor stimulation, and the action of mitogenic neuropeptides. Integrin receptors are heterodimeric transmembrane ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PTK2

"Regulation of invasive behavior by vascular endothelial growth factor is HEF1-dependent". Oncogene. 29 (31): 4449-59. doi: ... Vogel T, Ahrens S, Büttner N, Krieglstein K (2010). "Transforming growth factor beta promotes neuronal cell fate of mouse ... The Fox transcription factor Forkhead box C1 (FoxC1) and PAX5 transcription factor have been reported to induce NEDD9 ... NEDD9 is induced by Wnt signaling in colon cancer, based on binding to T-cell factor (TCF) factors in the promoter region. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NEDD9

... is a common retinal vascular disorder. Clinically, CRVO presents with variable visual loss; the fundus may show retinal ... Binds and prevents activation of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF-A) and placental growth factor (PIGF). Activation of ... Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Inhibitors. Class Summary. These agents bind to VEGF-A receptors to arrest macular ... Vascular endothelial growth factor Trap-Eye for macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion: six-month results of ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/1223746-183360/which-medications-in-the-drug-class-vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-vegf-inhibitors-are-used-in-the-treatment-of-central-retinal-vein-occlusion-crvo

Antiangiogenic therapy targeting thetyrosine kinase receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor receptorinhibits the growth ... Fong TA, Shawver LK, Sun L, et al: SU5416 is a potent and selectiveinhibitor of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor ... A potent stimulus of angiogenesis is vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF); two agents developed to inhibit VEGF activity, ... Targeting Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Colorectal Cancer. .social-ris-container { display: flex; justify-content: ...

https://www.cancernetwork.com/view/targeting-vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-colorectal-cancer

Hypoxic induction of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein was also suppressed by elevated MnSOD activity and its ... is a transcription factor that governs cellular responses to reduced O2 availability by mediating crucial homeostatic processes ... Hypoxic induction of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein was also suppressed by elevated MnSOD activity and its ... Manganese superoxide dismutase suppresses hypoxic induction of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and vascular endothelial growth ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/1208986?error=cookies_not_supported&code=fb118a71-a3e9-46de-9d33-14de967654ec

Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts is an Independent Licensee of the Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association. ® Registered Marks of the Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association. ®´ Registered Marks of Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Massachusetts, Inc., or Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Massachusetts HMO Blue, Inc. ®´´ Registered Marks, TM Trademarks. and SM Service Marks are the property of their respective owners. © 2020 Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Massachusetts, Inc., or Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Massachusetts HMO Blue, Inc.. ...

https://www.ahealthyme.com/RelatedItems/RelatedDocuments.pg?d=&TypeId=167&ContentId=vegf&Category=PedDC

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an important cell signaling protein involved in angiogenesis. The purpose of this ... vascular endothelial growth factor, Flt-1, osteolysis, osteoclastogenesis, R2/Fc, SU5416, animal model, wear debris ... Effects of SU5416 and a vascular endothelial growth factor neutralizing antibody on wear debris-induced inflammatory osteolysis ... Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an important cell signaling protein involved in angiogenesis. The purpose of this ...

https://www.dovepress.com/effects-of-su5416-and-a-vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-neutralizin-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JIR

... is regulated mainly by vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) and their receptors (VEGFRs), which are overexpressed in ... is regulated mainly by vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) and their receptors (VEGFRs), which are overexpressed in ... Ferrara, N., and Adamis, A. P. (2016). Ten years of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 15 ... 2000). Receptor-selective variants of human vascular endothelial growth factor. J. Biol. Chem. 275, 29823-29828. doi: 10.1074/ ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fchem.2019.00170/full

It stimulates proliferation and survival of endothelial cells, and promotes angiogenesis and ... VEGF is a potent growth and angiogenic cytokine. ... Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, VPF, Folliculostellate cell ... VEGF is a potent growth and angiogenic cytokine. It stimulates proliferation and survival of endothelial cells, and promotes ... Notch1 promotes ordered revascularization through Semaphorin 3g modulation of downstream vascular patterning signalling factors ...

https://www.peprotech.com/fr/recombinant-human-vegfsub165sub

Downloading a figure as powerpoint requires a browser with javascript support. Enable javascript and try again For help please contact [email protected] ...

https://www.jci.org/assets/214384/powerpoint

Lesional skin vascular endothelial growth factor levels correlate with clinical severity in patients with cement allergic ... and vascular endothelial growth factor [‎VEGF]‎ may be involved in persisting erythema and oedema. VEGF and IFN-gamma levels in ... Lesional skin vascular endothelial growth factor levels correlate with clinical severity in patients with cement allergic ...

https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/handle/10665/117888

Conclusions - The rapid uptake of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors for AMD was not associated with a change ... Stroke rates after introduction of vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors for macular degeneration: a time series ...

https://www.ices.on.ca/Publications/Journal-Articles/2012/January/Stroke-rates-after-introduction-of-vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-Inhibitors-for-macular

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is thought to be the predominant angiogenic factor in colorectal and other cancers. ... 1858 - Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Colorectal Cancer Pathology, Survival and Treatment. ... Plasma VEGF levels significantly correlated with tumour differentiation and vascular invasion,e.g. 211 (14-889) vascular ... Angiogenesis (the growth of new blood vessels) is important for tumour invasion and metastasis in order for a tumour to grow ...

https://oncologypro.esmo.org/meeting-resources/esmo-2019-congress/vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-in-colorectal-cancer-pathology-survival-and-treatment

Expression of Total Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and the Anti-angiogenic VEGF 165 b Isoform in the Vitreous of Patients ... Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs compared to laser photocoagulation for treatment of type 1 retinopathy of ... Vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) in vitreous fluid of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Annals of ... A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Safety of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Inhibitors for the Treatment ...

https://eurekamag.com/research/062/849/062849594.php

... and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression. C. Horbinski, W.S. Bartynski, E. Carson-Walter, R.L. Hamilton, H.P. Tan, S. ... and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression. C. Horbinski, W.S. Bartynski, E. Carson-Walter, R.L. Hamilton, H.P. Tan, S. ... Could Increased Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Induced by Interleukin 17 Be the Cause of Posterior Reversible ... and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression. C. Horbinski, W.S. Bartynski, E. Carson-Walter, R.L. Hamilton, H.P. Tan and ...

http://www.ajnr.org/content/30/3/588/tab-figures-data

AB0064 CHANGES IN THE VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR A (VEGFA) SPLICING AXIS IN HUMAN SYNOVIUM ARE RELATED TO INFLAMMATION ... AB0064 CHANGES IN THE VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR A (VEGFA) SPLICING AXIS IN HUMAN SYNOVIUM ARE RELATED TO INFLAMMATION ... AB0064 CHANGES IN THE VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR A (VEGFA) SPLICING AXIS IN HUMAN SYNOVIUM ARE RELATED TO INFLAMMATION ...

https://ard.bmj.com/content/79/Suppl_1/1333.1.share

Reductions of vascular endothelial growth factor and placental growth factor concentrations in severe pre-eclampsia. American ... Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a crucial role in physiological vasculogenesis and vascular permeability and ... Vascular endothelial growth factor induced functional and morphologic signs of endothelial dysfunction in isolated arteries ... Serum endostatin and vascular endothelial growth factor levels in patients with pre-eclampsia ...

https://www.emro.who.int/ar/emhj-volume-12-2006/volume-12-issue-1-2/serum-endostatin-and-vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-levels-in-patients-with-pre-eclampsia.html

Lesional skin vascular endothelial growth factor levels correlate with clinical severity in patients with cement allergic ... Overexpression of vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors in psoriasis. Journal of ... Keratinocyte-derived vascular permeability factor (vascular endothelial growth factor) is a potent mitogen for dermal ... Vascular endothelial growth factor levels are increased and associated with disease activity in patients with Behcets syndrome ...

https://www.emro.who.int/emhj-volume-16-2010/volume-16-issue-4/article-13.html

VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; HIF-1, hypoxia inducible factor 1; d, day(s). *P,0.05 vs. sham group; #P,0.05 vs. ... Effect of hypoxia‑inducible factor‑1/vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway on spinal cord injury in rats. * ... Early expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor increase the neuronal plasticity of ... Vascular endothelial growth factor expression pattern in spinal cord in the different groups (A) 1 d, (B) 3 d and (C) 7 d after ...

https://www.spandidos-publications.com/etm/13/3/861?text=fulltext

It was shown that HCMV infection leads to upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in human ... Incubation of endothelial cells with supernatants from HCMV-infected SMC cultures induced upregulation of VEGF receptor-2 ... expression on endothelial cells, as well as a significant upregulation of DNA synthesis, implicating cell proliferation. The ... Vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor (VEGF/VPF) in normal and atherosclerotic human arteries. Am J ...

https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.80327-0

Vascular endothelial growth factor is the most potent angiogenic factor identified to date Tamoxifen has been shown to inhibit ... Vascular endothelial growth factor in breast cancer and novel anti-angiogenic mechanisms of tamoxifen ... Donovan, Declan (1999) Vascular endothelial growth factor in breast cancer and novel anti-angiogenic mechanisms of tamoxifen. ... Angiogenesis, the growth of new capillaries from preexisting blood vessels, is essential for tumour growth and the development ...

https://doras.dcu.ie/18520/

Vascular endothelial growth factor as a key inducer of angiogenesis in the asthmatic airways ... Meyer, Norbert; Akdis, Cezmi A (2013). Vascular endothelial growth factor as a key inducer of angiogenesis in the asthmatic ...

https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/136798/

It is potentially used as a predictive factor, especially in patients stage IIIB, in order to provide efficient treatment and ... To evaluate the association between pretreatment levels of serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and long-term ... Association between Pretreatment Levels of Serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Survival Outcomes in Locally ... Association between Pretreatment Levels of Serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Survival Outcomes in Locally ...

https://file.scirp.org/Html/41068.html

634 G/C polymorphism was identified as an independent prognostic factor (Hazard ratio 1.497, P = 0.017). Our data suggest that ... The aim of this study is to evaluate the associations between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) Single-nucleotide ... Kaplan-Meier progression-free survival curve according to vascular endothelial growth factor -634 G/C polymorphisms ( P = 0.043 ... From: The relationship of Vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphisms and clinical outcome in advanced gastric cancer ...

https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2407-13-43/figures/1

A study of serum vascular endothelial growth factor in infantile hemangiomas ... Local serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor in infantile hemangioma: Intriguing mechanism of endothelial growth. ... Soluble receptors for vascular endothelial growth factor (sVEGFR1/sVEGFR2) in infantile hemangioma. Growth Factors 2010;28:417- ... A study of serum vascular endothelial growth factor in infantile hemangiomas. Sanjeev Paria1 , Vibhu Mendiratta1 , Ram Chander1 ...

https://ijdvl.com/a-study-of-serum-vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-in-infantile-hemangiomas/

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/pharmacology ; angiogenesis effect ; calcineurin ; calcium ; nuclear factors of activated ... en] OBJECTIVE: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been identified as a crucial regulator of physiological and ... Plasma membrane calcium ATPase isoform 4 inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor-mediated angiogenesis through interaction ... Reference : Plasma membrane calcium ATPase isoform 4 inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor-.... ...

https://orbilu.uni.lu/handle/10993/27660

Imaging of thyroid tumor angiogenesis with microbubbles targeted to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 in mice. ... Imaging of thyroid tumor angiogenesis with microbubbles targeted to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 in mice ... Imaging of thyroid tumor angiogenesis with microbubbles targeted to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 in mice ... Imaging of thyroid tumor angiogenesis with microbubbles targeted to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 in mice ...

https://moh-it.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/imaging-of-thyroid-tumor-angiogenesis-with-microbubbles-targeted-

Arevalo JF, Serrano MA, Wu L. Combined inhibition of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) ... Combined inhibition of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for the treatment of macular ... Combined inhibition of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for the treatment of macular ... title = "Combined inhibition of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for the treatment of ...

https://jhu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/combined-inhibition-of-tumor-necrosis-factor-tnf-and-vascular-end-4

Study Shows Mechanism of Tumor Growth and Metastasis in Breast Cancer. Peter Hofland, Ph.D - March 12, 2021. ... Home Tags Vascular endothelial growth factor C. Tag: vascular endothelial growth factor C. ...

https://www.oncozine.com/tag/vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-c/

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-B Overexpressing Hearts Are Not Protected From Transplant-Associated Ischemia-Reperfusion ... title = "Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-B Overexpressing Hearts Are Not Protected From Transplant-Associated Ischemia- ... Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-B Overexpressing Hearts Are Not Protected From Transplant-Associated Ischemia-Reperfusion ... T1 - Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-B Overexpressing Hearts Are Not Protected From Transplant-Associated Ischemia- ...

https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/publications/vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-b-overexpressing-hearts-are-no

Vascular endothelial growth factor A Member of the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family ... Vascular endothelial growth factor A Member of the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family ... Vascular endothelial growth factor A. Member of the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family ...

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Binds and prevents activation of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF-A) and placental growth factor (PIGF). (medscape.com)
Activation of VEGF-A and PIGF can result in neovascularization and vascular permeability. (medscape.com)
Bevacizumab (Avastin, Genentech, Inc.) is a recombinant, humanized monoclonal antibody that binds all isoforms of VEGF-A. It is used as an off-label medication in various ocular conditions associated with up-regulation of VEGF and increased vascular permeability and neovascularization. (medscape.com)
Although the exact mechanism of action is unknown, steroids work by targeting various inflammatory pathways and decreasing expression of VEGF, reducing vascular permeability, stabilizing endothelial tight junctions, and decreasing macular edema. (medscape.com)
One of the most potentstimulants of angiogenesis is vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). (cancernetwork.com)
4]The same study suggested that VEGF expression correlated with progression ofdisease and appeared to be an independent prognostic factor in colorectalcancer. (cancernetwork.com)
The cellular receptors for VEGF are tyrosine kinases (eg, KDR or flk-1 andFLT-1) that initiate the angiogenesis process through phosphorylation cascades.When VEGF binds to its endothelial cell receptor, the intracellular tyrosinekinase portion is activated, resulting in a phosphorylation cascade thatstimulates endothelial cell proliferation and new blood vessel growth.Inhibiting VEGF effects appears to reduce angiogenesis (reduced vessel density)in vitro, and limits tumor growth in vivo. (cancernetwork.com)
Hypoxic induction of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein was also suppressed by elevated MnSOD activity and its levels reflected HIF-1 α protein levels. (nature.com)
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an important cell signaling protein involved in angiogenesis. (dovepress.com)
The VEGF family consists of five members [VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, and PlGF (placental growth factor)], and there are three distinct receptors (VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3). (frontiersin.org)
The various growth factors have differential selectivity: for instance, VEGF-A binds to VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2, while VEGF-C binds to VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3. (frontiersin.org)
VEGF is a potent growth and angiogenic cytokine. (peprotech.com)
I work since 2019 with human iPSC-derived endothelial cells, and the recombinant human VEGF 165 is mandatory for maintaining them in culture. (peprotech.com)
Allergic contact dermatitis to cement is a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in which cytokines interferon-gamma [‎IFN-gamma]‎ and vascular endothelial growth factor [‎VEGF]‎ may be involved in persisting erythema and oedema. (who.int)
Conclusions - The rapid uptake of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors for AMD was not associated with a change in the rate of hospitalization for stroke among Ontario seniors with retinal disease. (ices.on.ca)
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is thought to be the predominant angiogenic factor in colorectal and other cancers. (esmo.org)
Plasma VEGF levels significantly correlated with tumour differentiation and vascular invasion,e.g. 211 (14-889) vascular invasion and 80 (0-785)pg/ml, no vascular invasion. (esmo.org)
ABSTRACT We evaluated the prognostic value of serum endostatin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for diagnosis of pre-eclampsia. (who.int)
RÉSUMÉ Nous avons évalué la valeur pronostique de l'endostatine et du facteur de croissance endothéliale vasculaire (VEGF) dans le sérum pour le diagnostic de la prééclampsie. (who.int)
Nous avons déterminé la concentration d'endostatine et de VEGF dans le sérum de 20 femmes non enceintes en bonne santé et de 64 femmes enceintes : 20 en bonne santé, 20 ayant une prééclampsie bénigne et 24 une prééclampsie grave. (who.int)
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a crucial role in physiological vasculogenesis and vascular permeability and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia. (who.int)
We investigated the relationship of VEGF as an angiogenic growth factor and endostatin as an angiogenic inhibitor in patients with pre-eclampsia. (who.int)
RÉSUMÉ La dermite de contact allergique due au ciment est une réaction d'hypersensibilité retardée dans laquelle les cytokines interféron gamma (IFN- γ) et le facteur de croissance de l'endothélium vasculaire (ou VEGF pour vascular endothelial growth factor) peuvent être impliqués dans des érythèmes ou des œdèmes persistants. (who.int)
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia inducible factor‑1 (HIF‑1), and to investigate the role of the HIF‑1/VEGF signaling pathway following spinal cord injury (SCI). (spandidos-publications.com)
HIF-1 expression is increased following hypoxia and may specifically bind to the hypoxia response element of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) promoter ( 6 ), strengthening the stability of the biological functions of VEGF and promoting VEGF expression, transcription and translation. (spandidos-publications.com)
It was shown that HCMV infection leads to upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in human foreskin fibroblasts and coronary artery smooth muscle cells (SMC). (microbiologyresearch.org)
Incubation of endothelial cells with supernatants from HCMV-infected SMC cultures induced upregulation of VEGF receptor-2 expression on endothelial cells, as well as a significant upregulation of DNA synthesis, implicating cell proliferation. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Migration of human monocytes in response to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is mediated via the VEGF receptor flt-1. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor (VEGF/VPF) in normal and atherosclerotic human arteries. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Tamoxifen decreased monocyte transendothelial migration in vitro From these results we conclude that the expression pattern of VEGF suggest a role for this factor in breast cancer. (dcu.ie)
Tamoxifen reduces serum VEGF levels and in an in vivo situation this may be achieved by reducing endothelial migration and tumour recruitment of macrophages and, thereby reducing overall tumour production of VEGF. (dcu.ie)
en] OBJECTIVE: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been identified as a crucial regulator of physiological and pathological angiogenesis. (uni.lu)
Among the intracellular signaling pathways triggered by VEGF, activation of the calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) signaling axis has emerged as a critical mediator of angiogenic processes. (uni.lu)
APPROACH AND RESULTS: Using in vitro and in vivo assays, we here demonstrate that the interaction between PMCA4 and calcineurin in VEGF-stimulated endothelial cells leads to downregulation of the calcineurin/NFAT pathway and to a significant reduction in the subsequent expression of the NFAT-dependent, VEGF-activated, proangiogenic genes RCAN1.4 and Cox-2. (uni.lu)
PMCA4-dependent inhibition of calcineurin signaling translates into a reduction in endothelial cell motility and blood vessel formation that ultimately impairs in vivo angiogenesis by VEGF. (uni.lu)
Arevalo, JF , Serrano, MA & Wu, L 2013, ' Combined inhibition of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for the treatment of macular edema of various etiologies: A short-term pilot study ', Eye (Basingstoke) , vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 569-571. (elsevier.com)
Elevated plasma VEGF concentrations in preeclampsia are associated with local placental ischemia and endothelial dysfunction. (ru.nl)
Mouse fibrosarcoma cell lines that are capable of expressing all vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) isoforms (control) or only single isoforms of VEGF (VEGF120, VEGF164, or VEGF188) were developed under endogenous VEGF promoter control. (sussex.ac.uk)
Once tumors were established, VEGF isoform expression did not affect growth or blood flow rate. (sussex.ac.uk)
Results imply differences in signaling pathways between VEGF isoforms and suggest that VEGF isoforms might be useful in vascular-disrupting cancer therapy to predict tumor susceptibility to VDAs. (sussex.ac.uk)
To explore the effects of Chinese herbs for replenishing qi and resolving stagnation on hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in granulation tissue of skin ulcers in rats with syndrome of blood stasis and qi deficiency. (jcimjournal.com)
VEGF-C is a major lymphangiogenic growth factor. (growkudos.com)
This test measures the amount of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in your blood. (towerhealth.org)
VEGF is a substance that helps encourage the growth of new blood vessels. (towerhealth.org)
But VEGF also plays a role in cancer growth. (towerhealth.org)
Retinal ischemia is one of the most important up-regulators of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production. (medscape.com)
In a rat model, BRVO resulted in a rapid transient increase in the expression of VEGF and a delayed increase in the expression of pigment epithelial derived factor (PEDF), the most potent endogenous inhibitor of VEGF. (medscape.com)
In this study we focus on the immunoreactivity of the monoclonal antibody VEGF (C- 1) in order to analyze its expression in two cell populations of regenerating mouse liver (hepatocytes and endothelial cells) after partial hepatectomy, and two transplanted hepatocarcinomas (ES2 and SS1K). (gob.ar)
The results showed strongly immunopositivity reaction for VEGF either in hepatocytes or endothelial cells of mouse regenerating liver. (gob.ar)
Peribronchial angiogenesis may occur in cystic fibrosis and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A regulates angiogenesis in airways. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
Concentrations of VEGF-A and phosphorylated epidermal growth factor receptor were measured by ELISA. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
We have investigated the morphological characteristics of these lesions and the vascular density, VEGF and its receptor Flk-1 and MMP-9 expression, and activated macrophage distribution, using immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. (biomedcentral.com)
The vascular density and the presence of VEGF and Flk-1 and MMP-9 were significantly higher in endometriotic lesions than in eutopic endometrium, and confirmed the angiogenic potential of these lesions. (biomedcentral.com)
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) promotes cartilage-degrading pathways, and there is evidence for the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cartilage degeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
The most important mediator of angiogenesis is vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) [ 6 ], which stimulates capillary formation in vivo and has direct mitogenic actions on various cells in vitro [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Hypoxia-induced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) release and angiogenesis have been regarded as critical events in LUAD carcinogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
HIF1α regulates the secretion of several angiogenic factors, including VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), from tumor cells into cancer microenvironment [ 20 ], subsequently promoting angiogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is suggestively an important angiogenic growth factor in the female reproductive tract. (who.int)
Thus, it appears that endometrial VEGF expression and concentration are enhanced by estrogen, and may be correlated with neovascularization and increased vascular permeability during late proliferative period. (who.int)
Additionally, there was no enhancement in VEGF expression in hyperplastic glands, suggesting that regulation of glandular growth and that of angiogenesis in human endometrium operate through different mechanisms. (who.int)
Administration of exogenous vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), an endothelial cell (EC)-specific mitogen, has been reported to promote angiogenesis, stimulate reendothelialization and limit intimai hyperplasia (IH) in animal models. (elsevier.com)
Background & Aims Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced angiogenesis is implicated in fibrogenesis and portal hypertension. (elsevier.com)
We observed that VEGF regulates vascular permeability, monocyte infiltration, and scar-associated macrophages function. (elsevier.com)
Importance: Although intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment represents the first-line therapy for many retinal diseases, the issue of their systemic safety is debatable. (unict.it)
Interestingly, CD11b+/Gr-1+ TAM are a source of lymphangiogenic growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C and VEGF-D (VEGF-C/D). The blockade of VEGF-C/D with soluble VEGF receptor-3 and the depletion of CD11b+/Gr-1+ TAM with clodronate liposome markedly inhibited OUBC-induced lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis to SLN. (kaist.ac.kr)
A critical review of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) analysis in peripheral blood: is the current literature meaningful? (ox.ac.uk)
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent angiogenic growth factor with a key role in many physiological and pathological processes. (ox.ac.uk)
Anti- vascular endothelial growth factor (anti- VEGF ), which produces an inhibition of vascular proliferation, could improve the vision of people with PDR. (bvsalud.org)
Quantitative RT-PCR was used to asses mRNA levels of collagenase-1 (MMP-1), stromelysin (MMP-3), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß), type III collagen (COL-III) and fibronectin (FBRN). (cdc.gov)
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) are the main factors promoting angiogenesis [ 7 , 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
Even though VEGF is a primary mediator of angiogenic responses, bFGF is more potent than VEGF for stimulating the vascular endothelial mitogenesis. (hindawi.com)
Chemically modified heparin shows a significantly reduced anticoagulant activity and enhanced ability to interact with FGF, VEGF, and hepatocyte growth factor, which are known to stimulate angiogenesis [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
Further experiments with human endothelial cells in petri dishes indicated that BafA activated cell surface receptors that recognize VEGF. (disabled-world.com)
This is the very first report of a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF for short)-like protein produced by bacteria. (disabled-world.com)
The lack of oxygen in the specific tissue (hypoxia) associated with retinal vein occlusion is mostly (but not exclusively) responsible for the subsequent release of angiogenic factors (i.e. vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF). (europa.eu)
The recognition of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway as a key regulator of angiogenesis has led to a considerable efforts to exploit its potential for therapy in oncology. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
Store and ship all of of the comptents of the EIA assay for Chicken Vascular Endothelial cell Growth Factor A (VEGF-A) on blue ice/ice packs at +4 degrees Celcius. (elisachina.com)
Chicken Vascular Endothelial cell Growth Factor A (VEGF-A) ELISA Kit is manufactured by highest quality antibodies and plates to provide you with excellent and reproducible results in your work. (elisachina.com)
Some of these factors (ie, acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors, interleukin 1 [IL-1], and vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF]) have been identified and isolated from cornea and tears. (medscape.com)
In fact, diabetes reduces the rate of angiogenesis by alteration in the expression angiogenic genes such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) [6] . (eg.net)
Whereas the inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has shown promising results in sporadic colon cancer, the role of VEGF signaling in colitis-associated cancer (CAC) has not been addressed. (perkinelmer.com)
We tested whether bisphosphonates had any effects on hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) axis that plays a pivotal role in tumor angiogenesis, and our results showed that both pamidronate and clodronate significantly suppressed IGF-1-induced HIF-1α protein accumulation and VEGF expression in MCF-7 cells. (elsevier.com)
SNP and Haplotype Analysis of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Gene in Lung Cancer Patients of Kashmir. (cdc.gov)
Single nucleotide polymorphisms, haplotype association and tumour expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene with lung carcinoma. (cdc.gov)
Sprouting angiogenesis is a well-defined process, being mainly influenced by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). (hacettepe.edu.tr)
In this model, endothelial cells migrate according to a diffusion-reaction equation, following the VEGF gradient concentration. (hacettepe.edu.tr)
PURPOSE: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent stimulator of angiogenesis, which is crucial in cancer progression. (greenmedinfo.com)
The increased VEGF secretion by E2 in MCF-7 cells increased the expression of VEGF receptor-2 in umbilical vein endothelial cells, suggesting a proangiogenic effect by E2 by two different mechanisms, both of which were inhibited by the addition of lignans. (greenmedinfo.com)
As well as the proven efficacy of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents, phase II and III clinical trials of Ozurdex intravitreal dexamethasone implants for DMO have also demonstrated a mean increase in visual acuity and corresponding mean reduction in central macular thickness, particularly in pseudophakic eyes. (docksci.com)
growth factor (anti-VEGF) effect [Keech et al. (docksci.com)
12. Any previous anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment in study eye. (who.int)
The mRNA expression level of cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2 , vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), PSA (prostate specific antigen) are significantly higher in human prostate cell lines. (cbdepot.eu)

Determined by the dose-dependent stimulation of the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) using a concentration range of 1.0-8.0 ng/ml. (peprotech.com)

Angiogenesis (the growth of new blood vessels) is important for tumour invasion and metastasis in order for a tumour to grow beyond a few millimetres in size. (esmo.org)
A , Hematoxylin- eosin-stained sections showed many small blood vessels with reactive endothelial cells ( black arrow ) in the white matter demonstrating cellular and nuclear enlargement as well as mild interstitial edema ( white arrow ). (ajnr.org)
Angiogenesis, the growth of new capillaries from preexisting blood vessels, is essential for tumour growth and the development of metastases. (dcu.ie)
Upon stimulation by angiogenic growth factors, the wall of mature blood vessels becomes destabilized due to the detachment of mural cells and the degradation of the extracellular matrix that is a primordial step for the formation of new vessels. (biomedcentral.com)
Endothelial cells behind the migrating endothelium of the sprouts proliferate so that the length and the diameter of the newly developing blood vessels increase continuously. (biomedcentral.com)
However, in rheumatoid arthritis, new capillary blood vessels invade the joints from the emerging synovial pannus and aid in the destruction of articular cartilage [ 5 ], even in the absence of a causative factor. (biomedcentral.com)
Angiogenesis is the development of new blood vessels in areas of novel tissue growth. (jnccn.org)
Angiogenesis is essential for tumor growth beyond a few millimeters in diameter because of the tumor's requirement for a network of blood vessels to deliver oxygen and nutrients and to remove waste products of metabolism. (hindawi.com)
To provide themselves with a safe habitat, the bacteria bring about the increase of the number of "vascular endothelial" cells (cells that line the interior of blood vessels), which hide themselves from the host immune system and stimulate the creation of new blood vessels, through a process called "angiogenesis. (disabled-world.com)
Vascular endothelial cells migrate and proliferate to form new blood vessels. (medscape.com)
Angiogenesis, the development of new blood vessels from the preexisting ones, is essential for the growth and development of body tissues that can be affected by diabetes [3] , [4] . (eg.net)

Vascular endothelial growth factor is the most potent angiogenic factor identified to date Tamoxifen has been shown to inhibit angiogenesis m a manner independent of the oestrogen receptor. (dcu.ie)
Airway epithelial NCI-H292 cells and primary cultures of noncystic fibrosis human airway epithelial cells were treated with cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) inhibitors (CFTR-inh(172) or PPQ-102) or transfected with a CFTR small interfering (si)RNA with or without a selective epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
This article focuses on the use of targeted therapies in cervical cancer, specifically evaluating antiangiogenesis and endothelial growth factor receptor-related treatments. (jnccn.org)
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) being the most promising marker has potentially offered new methods to prognosticate and plays an essential role in early diagnosis and treatment apart from tumor, node and metastasis staging which has been used till now. (jomfp.in)
Apatinib is an orally bioavailable, small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor that selectively inhibits the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 and used for the treatment of metastatic gastric cancer or gastroesophageal junction cancer that has progressed or relapsed after chemotherapy. (ncats.io)
Overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in breast and gastric cancer is associated with poor prognosis. (jmgims.co.in)
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), a member of epidermal growth factor receptor family, is a transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase. (jmgims.co.in)
The detection of increased amounts of the extracellular domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor in serum during carcinogenesis in asbestos is patients. (cdc.gov)

Sp1 recognition sites in the proximal promoter of the human vascular endothelial growth factor gene are essential for platelet-derived growth factor-induced gene expression. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor 121 (VEGF121) in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids. (elisareagents.com)
Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the Double-antibody Sandwich method for detection of Human Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor 121 (VEGF121) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids with no significant corss-reactivity with analogues from other species. (elisareagents.com)

High levels of urinary vascular endothelial growth factor in women with severe preeclampsia. (ru.nl)

Vascular permeability factor: a tumor-derived polypeptide that induces endothelial cell and monocyte procoagulant activity, and promotes monocyte migration. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Asbestos induces nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) DNA-binding activity and NF-kappa B-dependent gene expression in tracheal epithelial cells. (cdc.gov)

During tumor-associated angiogenesis, the balance of angiogenesis stimulators and inhibitors is tipped in favor of angiogenesis by hypoxia-inducible factor-1 gene expression [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
Intravitreal vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors have been successful in chronic CME cases that do not respond to conventional treatment. (aao.org)
Diabetes, by disruption in the balance of stimulatory factors and angiogenic inhibitors, can decrease or increase this process in some organs of the body like heart [5] . (eg.net)

Longitudinal analysis of aqueous humour cytokine expression and OCT-based imaging biomarkers in retinal vein occlusions treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy in the IMAGINE study. (medscape.com)
Immunohistochemical expression of vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor in atherosclerotic intimas of human coronary arteries. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Hypoxic stimulation of vascular endothelial growth factor expression in vitro and in vivo. (wikidata.org)
The present study was performed to investigate the effect of N-desulfated heparin on basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) expression, tumor angiogenesis and metastasis of gastric carcinoma. (hindawi.com)
Therefore, this study has been undertaken to evaluate the expression of EGFR in HNSCC cases, according to the new scoring system and find its association with various pathological prognostic factors. (jomfp.in)
High EGFR expression suggests uncontrolled growth which depicts that EGFR upregulation may be an early event during HNSCC carcinogenesis. (jomfp.in)
Increased reactive oxygen species activate various cytokine/growth factor signaling cascades resulting in increased expression of inflammatory and fibrotic genes. (cdc.gov)
Co-expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor in inflamed human pulp: an immunohistochemical study. (bvsalud.org)

It stimulates proliferation and survival of endothelial cells, and promotes angiogenesis and vascular permeability. (peprotech.com)
It inhibits endothelial cell proliferation and migration [5]. (who.int)
Complex subunit associated factors are involved in hybridoma growth, Eosinohils, eritroid proliferation and derived from promotor binding stimulating subunits on the DNA binding complex. (elisachina.com)
Profibrotic growth factors and cytokines contribute directly to fibroblast proliferation and collagen production. (cdc.gov)
Studies in conditional STAT3 mutant mice showed that VEGFR signaling requires STAT3 to promote epithelial cell proliferation and tumor growth in vivo. (perkinelmer.com)

Plasma membrane calcium ATPase isoform 4 inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor-mediated angiogenesis through interaction with calcineurin. (uni.lu)

When tissues or cells are in a hypoxic environment, HIF-1 is one of the most important transcription factors regulating oxygen metabolism ( 5 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
In an oxygen-deficient environment, the hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF1α) is a key transcriptional mediator of the response to hypoxic conditions. (biomedcentral.com)

Retinal vein occlusions (branch and central) are the second most common retinal vascular diseases after diabetic retinopathy. (medscape.com)
Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for proliferative diabetic retinopathy. (bvsalud.org)
10. History or clinical evidence of diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular edema (DME) or any other vascular disease affecting the retina, other than AMD, in either eye. (who.int)

Consequently, we observed only minor differences between the treatment groups, which may suggest subtle changes due to the anti-angiogenictreatment.Conclusion:Although favourable and promising outcomes were obtained with intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents for the treatment of ROP,concerns have been raised about potential systemic side effects, including potential cardiovascular side effects caused by these agents. (bvsalud.org)

Since 2008, more than 2,000 scientific studies have been published with some showing ginkgo biloba to be a potent antioxidant with vascular benefits. (iherb.com)
Results obtained in a panel of prostate cancer cell lines clearly indicate that cannabidiol is a potent inhibitor of cancer cell growth, with significantly lower potency in non-cancer cells. (cbdepot.eu)

Angiogenesis has become an attractive target for anticancer drug development, based on its important roles in tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. (cancernetwork.com)
Laboratory analyses also demonstrate that, in addition to being criticalfor tumor growth, angiogenesis is important for invasion and metastasis.Angiogenesis is a complex, multistep process involving breakdown of theextracellular matrix, invasion of tumor cells, signaling to stimulateendothelial cell growth, and blood vessel formation. (cancernetwork.com)
Angiogenesis-i.e., the formation of new blood vasculature from the established blood vessel network-can be associated to both physiological and pathological processes (e.g., inflammation, tumor growth, and metastasis). (frontiersin.org)
Recent studies have showed that angiogenesis plays a crucial role in tumor growth and metastasis. (hindawi.com)
As with all types aims to regroup all the available information on GC of cancer, GC presents at specific metastasis sites, with in this region, discuss the clinicopathological and liver, peritoneal surface and distant lymph nodes being epidemiological factors and compare them with data the most frequent ( 2,5 ). (who.int)
Multiple surgical factors can negatively affect the balance between metastasis and tumor surveillance in the perioperative period. (silverchair.com)

Through these experiments, the scientists determined that B. henselae can stimulate angiogenesis in human endothelial cells only if it possesses a functional copy of the gene that "codes for," or guides the synthesis of, the BafA protein. (disabled-world.com)

Epidemiological elements were collect- ed, especially tumour attributes, risk factors and population characteristics, in addition to some therapeutic strategies. (who.int)

Cannabinoids, the active components of Cannabis sativa Linnaeus , have received renewed interest in recent years due to their diverse pharmacologic activities such as cell growth inhibition, anti-inflammatory effects and tumor regression, but their use in chemotherapy is limited by their psychotropic activity. (cbdepot.eu)

They have also named this protein as Bartonella angiogenic factor A, or "BafA" for short. (disabled-world.com)
They also observed that exposing human endothelial cells to the isolated BafA protein caused the cells to multiply. (disabled-world.com)
But the researchers noted a trend in the women on the extract toward lowered cholesterol and decreased vascular endothelial growth factor, a protein which, in elevated levels, may signify the beginning of cancerous spread. (prevention.com)
The effects of insulin and insulin-like growth factor I on amyloid precursor protein phosphorylation in in vitro and in vivo models of Alzheimer's disease. (shefayekhatam.ir)
Association of total insulin-like growth factor-I, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), and IGFBP-3 levels with incident coronary events and ischemic stroke. (shefayekhatam.ir)
CXCL1/macrophage inflammatory protein-2-induced angiogenesis in vivo is mediated by neutrophil-derived vascular endothelial growth factor-A. (univr.it)

Aside from its anticoagulant action, heparin binds to various growth factors, cytokines, and extracellular proteins and consequently is able to affect migration of cancer cells and angiogenesis in tumors. (hindawi.com)

We also discuss the physicochemical properties of CNTs and their effects on pulmonary toxicities as well as various biological factors contributing to the development of fibrosis. (cdc.gov)

However, VEGF188 was uniquely associated with tumor vascular maturity, resistance to hemorrhage, and resistance to CA-4-P. Pericyte staining was much greater in VEGF188 and control tumors than in VEGF120 and VEGF164 tumors. (sussex.ac.uk)
Vascular volume was highest in VEGF120 and control tumors (CD31 staining) but total vascular length was highest in VEGF188 tumors, reflecting very narrow vessels forming complex vascular networks. (sussex.ac.uk)
Intravital microscopy measurements of vascular length and RBC velocity showed that CA-4-P produced significantly more vascular damage in VEGF120 and VEGF164 tumors than in VEGF188 and control tumors. (sussex.ac.uk)
We also demonstrated positive immunoreaction in both malignant tumors ES2 and SS1K endothelial and parenchymal cells. (gob.ar)
This essential process occurs universally in solid tumors secondary to expansion of the cancer mass and subsequent growth away from the existing blood supply. (jnccn.org)
Background: The development of a vascular supply is a critical factor in the growth and metastatic spread of malignant tumors. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
RESULTS: We show that flaxseed, enterodiol, and enterolactone counteracted E2-induced growth and angiogenesis in solid tumors. (greenmedinfo.com)

Several polypeptide growth factors regulate epithelial and stromal development in endometrium under the influence of estrogen and progesterone, and thereby regulate growth and differentiation of endometrium during menstrual cycle. (who.int)

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a transcription factor that governs cellular responses to reduced O 2 availability by mediating crucial homeostatic processes. (nature.com)
It has been demonstrated that hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is specific and sensitive to the hypoxia signaling response ( 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

Flaxseed and its lignans inhibit estradiol-induced growth, angiogenesis, and secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor in human breast cancer xenografts in vivo. (greenmedinfo.com)
In vitro and in vivo studies have suggested that antiangiogenic factors may be involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia [ 9 , 10 ]. (oncotarget.com)

Activation of vascular endothelial cells in response to mineral fibers. (cdc.gov)

its loss enhances angioge-nesis and vascular permeability [6]. (who.int)
Vascular endothelial growth factor enhances atherosclerotic plaque progression. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Serum levels of these factors in non-pregnant women were similar to those in healthy pregnant women. (who.int)
Pages that link to Prognostic value of serum vascular endothelial growth factor in Egyptian females with metastatic triple negative breast cancer. (cu.edu.eg)
Serum cytokine, chemokine, and growth factor level changes in 2 individual patients over time. (cdc.gov)

Given that BRVO is often associated with a concomitant systemic vascular condition, one has to wonder whether or not a BRVO is a marker for cardiovascular mortality or morbidity. (medscape.com)

Tumor angiogenesis, essential for cancer development, is regulated mainly by vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) and their receptors (VEGFRs), which are overexpressed in cancer cells. (frontiersin.org)

A family of angiogenic proteins that are closely-related to VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR A . They play an important role in the growth and differentiation of vascular as well as lymphatic endothelial cells. (bvsalud.org)

Notch1 promotes ordered revascularization through Semaphorin 3g modulation of downstream vascular patterning signalling factors. (peprotech.com)

I have been regularly using this product since 2017 for endothelial cell differentiation from human induced pluripotent cells (iPSCs). (peprotech.com)
For cells, cell lines and tissues in culture till half confluency.Aplha, transcription related growth factors and stimulating factors or repressing nuclear factors are complex subunits of proteins involved in cell differentiation. (elisachina.com)

Tubulin-binding vascular-disrupting agents (VDA) are currently in clinical trials for cancer therapy but the factors that influence tumor susceptibility to these agents are poorly understood. (sussex.ac.uk)
Small molecules inhibiting the proliferative cascade of the cancer cells and monoclonal specific antibodies against growth factor or vascular endothelial growth factor have been claimed as the promise in cancer therapy. (minervamedica.it)

La concentration sérique pour ces facteurs chez les femmes non enceintes était similaire à celle des femmes enceintes en bonne santé. (who.int)

735 - Anti-cancer effects of differentiation-inducing factor-1 in triple negative breast cancer. (esmo.org)

However, B. henselae can also promote angiogenesis without directly contacting endothelial cells, which implies that the bacterium can secrete a bioactive substance that takes on the duty of kick-starting angiogenesis. (disabled-world.com)

Liver and blood samples were collected and analyzed in immunohistochemical, morphometric, vascular permeability, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and flow cytometry assays. (elsevier.com)

Anatomy34

Organisms13

Diseases30

Chemicals and Drugs117

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment24

Phenomena and Processes36

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care2

VEGF is required for growth and survival in neonatal mice. (1/12040)

Role of alphavbeta3 integrin in the activation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2. (2/12040)

Vascular endothelial growth factor activates nuclear factor of activated T cells in human endothelial cells: a role for tissue factor gene expression. (3/12040)

Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in human oral squamous cell carcinoma: its association with tumour progression and p53 gene status. (4/12040)

Differential regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor fms-like-tyrosine kinase is mediated by nitric oxide in rat renal mesangial cells. (5/12040)

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor II-derived peptides inhibit VEGF. (6/12040)

Expression of thrombospondin-1 in ischemia-induced retinal neovascularization. (7/12040)

Rescue of diabetes-related impairment of angiogenesis by intramuscular gene therapy with adeno-VEGF. (8/12040)

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors

Endothelial Growth Factors

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2

Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor

Lymphokines

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1

Neovascularization, Pathologic

Neovascularization, Physiologic

Receptors, Growth Factor

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-3

Angiogenesis Inhibitors

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor B

Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases

Fibroblast Growth Factor 2

Endothelium, Vascular

Endothelial Cells

RNA, Messenger

Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit

Cells, Cultured

Neuropilin-1

Immunohistochemistry

Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins

Angiogenesis Inducing Agents

Signal Transduction

Angiopoietin-1

Epidermal Growth Factor

Mice, Nude

Angiopoietin-2

Cell Hypoxia

Cell Proliferation

Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor

Pregnancy Proteins

Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Cell Movement

Capillaries

Cell Line, Tumor

Cell Division

Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1

Capillary Permeability

Umbilical Veins

Antigens, CD31

Lymphangiogenesis

Transforming Growth Factor beta

Hepatocyte Growth Factor

Blotting, Western

Blood Vessels

Up-Regulation

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Platelet-Derived Growth Factor

Retinal Neovascularization

Receptor, TIE-2

Pyrroles

Phosphorylation

Angiogenic Proteins

Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

Disease Models, Animal

Gene Expression Regulation

Tumor Cells, Cultured

Corneal Neovascularization

Mice, Inbred C57BL

Gene Expression

Growth Substances

Microcirculation

Ischemia

Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized

Time Factors

Insulin-Like Growth Factor I

Fibroblast Growth Factors

Cell Line

Lymphatic Vessels

Transfection

Phthalazines

Anoxia

Indoles

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug

Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic