Vaccines. Medical search

Suspensions of killed or attenuated microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa), antigenic proteins, synthetic constructs, or other bio-molecular derivatives, administered for the prevention, amelioration, or treatment of infectious and other diseases.

Vaccines in which the infectious microbial nucleic acid components have been destroyed by chemical or physical treatment (e.g., formalin, beta-propiolactone, gamma radiation) without affecting the antigenicity or immunogenicity of the viral coat or bacterial outer membrane proteins.

Suspensions of attenuated or killed viruses administered for the prevention or treatment of infectious viral disease.

Two or more vaccines in a single dosage form.

Recombinant DNA vectors encoding antigens administered for the prevention or treatment of disease. The host cells take up the DNA, express the antigen, and present it to the immune system in a manner similar to that which would occur during natural infection. This induces humoral and cellular immune responses against the encoded antigens. The vector is called naked DNA because there is no need for complex formulations or delivery agents; the plasmid is injected in saline or other buffers.

Small synthetic peptides that mimic surface antigens of pathogens and are immunogenic, or vaccines manufactured with the aid of recombinant DNA techniques. The latter vaccines may also be whole viruses whose nucleic acids have been modified.

Suspensions of attenuated or killed bacteria administered for the prevention or treatment of infectious bacterial disease.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines containing inactivated HIV or some of its component antigens and designed to prevent or treat AIDS. Some vaccines containing antigens are recombinantly produced.

Vaccines consisting of one or more antigens that stimulate a strong immune response. They are purified from microorganisms or produced by recombinant DNA techniques, or they can be chemically synthesized peptides.

Semisynthetic vaccines consisting of polysaccharide antigens from microorganisms attached to protein carrier molecules. The carrier protein is recognized by macrophages and T-cells thus enhancing immunity. Conjugate vaccines induce antibody formation in people not responsive to polysaccharide alone, induce higher levels of antibody, and show a booster response on repeated injection.

Administration of vaccines to stimulate the host's immune response. This includes any preparation intended for active immunological prophylaxis.

Vaccines made from antigens arising from any of the four strains of Plasmodium which cause malaria in humans, or from P. berghei which causes malaria in rodents.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTIONS. Human vaccines are intended to reduce the incidence of UTERINE CERVICAL NEOPLASMS, so they are sometimes considered a type of CANCER VACCINES. They are often composed of CAPSID PROTEINS, especially L1 protein, from various types of ALPHAPAPILLOMAVIRUS.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines containing inactivated hepatitis B or some of its component antigens and designed to prevent hepatitis B. Some vaccines may be recombinantly produced.

A live attenuated virus vaccine of chick embryo origin, used for routine immunization of children and for immunization of adolescents and adults who have not had measles or been immunized with live measles vaccine and have no serum antibodies against measles. Children are usually immunized with measles-mumps-rubella combination vaccine. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

A suspension of killed Bordetella pertussis organisms, used for immunization against pertussis (WHOOPING COUGH). It is generally used in a mixture with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids (DTP). There is an acellular pertussis vaccine prepared from the purified antigenic components of Bordetella pertussis, which causes fewer adverse reactions than whole-cell vaccine and, like the whole-cell vaccine, is generally used in a mixture with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

Vaccines or candidate vaccines containing antigenic polysaccharides from Haemophilus influenzae and designed to prevent infection. The vaccine can contain the polysaccharides alone or more frequently polysaccharides conjugated to carrier molecules. It is also seen as a combined vaccine with diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine.

An active immunizing agent and a viable avirulent attenuated strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, var. bovis, which confers immunity to mycobacterial infections. It is used also in immunotherapy of neoplasms due to its stimulation of antibodies and non-specific immunity.

A suspension of formalin-inactivated poliovirus grown in monkey kidney cell tissue culture and used to prevent POLIOMYELITIS.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent and treat RABIES. The inactivated virus vaccine is used for preexposure immunization to persons at high risk of exposure, and in conjunction with rabies immunoglobulin, for postexposure prophylaxis.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with ROTAVIRUS.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with VIBRIO CHOLERAE. The original cholera vaccine consisted of killed bacteria, but other kinds of vaccines now exist.

Vaccines used to prevent TYPHOID FEVER and/or PARATYPHOID FEVER which are caused by various species of SALMONELLA. Attenuated, subunit, and inactivated forms of the vaccines exist.

A live VACCINIA VIRUS vaccine of calf lymph or chick embryo origin, used for immunization against smallpox. It is now recommended only for laboratory workers exposed to smallpox virus. Certain countries continue to vaccinate those in the military service. Complications that result from smallpox vaccination include vaccinia, secondary bacterial infections, and encephalomyelitis. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent or treat TUBERCULOSIS.

Immunoglobulins produced in response to VIRAL ANTIGENS.

A live, attenuated varicella virus vaccine used for immunization against chickenpox. It is recommended for children between the ages of 12 months and 13 years.

A vaccine consisting of DIPHTHERIA TOXOID; TETANUS TOXOID; and whole-cell PERTUSSIS VACCINE. The vaccine protects against diphtheria, tetanus, and whooping cough.

Vaccines used to prevent infection by MUMPS VIRUS. Best known is the live attenuated virus vaccine of chick embryo origin, used for routine immunization of children and for immunization of adolescents and adults who have not had mumps or been immunized with live mumps vaccine. Children are usually immunized with measles-mumps-rubella combination vaccine.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with hepatitis A virus (HEPATOVIRUS).

Schedule giving optimum times usually for primary and/or secondary immunization.

Substances that augment, stimulate, activate, potentiate, or modulate the immune response at either the cellular or humoral level. The classical agents (Freund's adjuvant, BCG, Corynebacterium parvum, et al.) contain bacterial antigens. Some are endogenous (e.g., histamine, interferon, transfer factor, tuftsin, interleukin-1). Their mode of action is either non-specific, resulting in increased immune responsiveness to a wide variety of antigens, or antigen-specific, i.e., affecting a restricted type of immune response to a narrow group of antigens. The therapeutic efficacy of many biological response modifiers is related to their antigen-specific immunoadjuvanticity.

Any immunization following a primary immunization and involving exposure to the same or a closely related antigen.

A combined vaccine used to prevent MEASLES; MUMPS; and RUBELLA.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent STREPTOCOCCAL INFECTIONS.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent ANTHRAX.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with DENGUE VIRUS. These include live-attenuated, subunit, DNA, and inactivated vaccines.

Vaccines using VIROSOMES as the antigen delivery system that stimulates the desired immune response.

Deliberate stimulation of the host's immune response. ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of ANTIGENS or IMMUNOLOGIC ADJUVANTS. PASSIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of IMMUNE SERA or LYMPHOCYTES or their extracts (e.g., transfer factor, immune RNA) or transplantation of immunocompetent cell producing tissue (thymus or bone marrow).

Any vaccine raised against any virus or viral derivative that causes hepatitis.

A live vaccine containing attenuated poliovirus, types I, II, and III, grown in monkey kidney cell tissue culture, used for routine immunization of children against polio. This vaccine induces long-lasting intestinal and humoral immunity. Killed vaccine induces only humoral immunity. Oral poliovirus vaccine should not be administered to immunocompromised individuals or their household contacts. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Vaccine used to prevent YELLOW FEVER. It consists of a live attenuated 17D strain of the YELLOW FEVER VIRUS.

Immunoglobulins produced in a response to BACTERIAL ANTIGENS.

A suspension of killed Yersinia pestis used for immunizing people in enzootic plague areas.

Suspensions of attenuated or killed fungi administered for the prevention or treatment of infectious fungal disease.

A live attenuated virus vaccine of duck embryo or human diploid cell tissue culture origin, used for routine immunization of children and for immunization of nonpregnant adolescent and adult females of childbearing age who are unimmunized and do not have serum antibodies to rubella. Children are usually immunized with measles-mumps-rubella combination vaccine. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Vaccines that are produced by using only the antigenic part of the disease causing organism. They often require a "booster" every few years to maintain their effectiveness.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines designed to prevent SAIDS; (SIMIAN ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME); and containing inactivated SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS or type D retroviruses or some of their component antigens.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with SALMONELLA. This includes vaccines used to prevent TYPHOID FEVER or PARATYPHOID FEVER; (TYPHOID-PARATYPHOID VACCINES), and vaccines used to prevent nontyphoid salmonellosis.

Vaccines using supra-molecular structures composed of multiple copies of recombinantly expressed viral structural proteins. They are often antigentically indistinguishable from the virus from which they were derived.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent EBOLA HEMORRHAGIC FEVER.

An acute viral infection in humans involving the respiratory tract. It is marked by inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA; the PHARYNX; and conjunctiva, and by headache and severe, often generalized, myalgia.

Antibodies that reduce or abolish some biological activity of a soluble antigen or infectious agent, usually a virus.

Combined vaccines consisting of DIPHTHERIA TOXOID; TETANUS TOXOID; and an acellular form of PERTUSSIS VACCINE. At least five different purified antigens of B. pertussis have been used in various combinations in these vaccines.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with CYTOMEGALOVIRUS.

Organized services to administer immunization procedures in the prevention of various diseases. The programs are made available over a wide range of sites: schools, hospitals, public health agencies, voluntary health agencies, etc. They are administered to an equally wide range of population groups or on various administrative levels: community, municipal, state, national, international.

Forceful administration into a muscle of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through a hollow needle piercing the muscle and any tissue covering it.

A combined vaccine used to prevent infection with diphtheria and tetanus toxoid. This is used in place of DTP vaccine (DIPHTHERIA-TETANUS-PERTUSSIS VACCINE) when PERTUSSIS VACCINE is contraindicated.

Vaccines used to prevent POLIOMYELITIS. They include inactivated (POLIOVIRUS VACCINE, INACTIVATED) and oral vaccines (POLIOVIRUS VACCINE, ORAL).

Delivery of medications through the nasal mucosa.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent or treat both enterotoxigenic and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli infections.

The major immunoglobulin isotype class in normal human serum. There are several isotype subclasses of IgG, for example, IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with WEST NILE VIRUS.

Serologic tests in which a known quantity of antigen is added to the serum prior to the addition of a red cell suspension. Reaction result is expressed as the smallest amount of antigen which causes complete inhibition of hemagglutination.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent bacillary dysentery (DYSENTERY, BACILLARY) caused by species of SHIGELLA.

The measurement of infection-blocking titer of ANTISERA by testing a series of dilutions for a given virus-antiserum interaction end-point, which is generally the dilution at which tissue cultures inoculated with the serum-virus mixtures demonstrate cytopathology (CPE) or the dilution at which 50% of test animals injected with serum-virus mixtures show infectivity (ID50) or die (LD50).

The production of ANTIBODIES by proliferating and differentiated B-LYMPHOCYTES under stimulation by ANTIGENS.

An attenuated vaccine used to prevent and/or treat HERPES ZOSTER, a disease caused by HUMAN HERPESVIRUS 3.

Sorbitan mono-9-octadecanoate poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) derivatives; complex mixtures of polyoxyethylene ethers used as emulsifiers or dispersing agents in pharmaceuticals.

Antibody-mediated immune response. Humoral immunity is brought about by ANTIBODY FORMATION, resulting from TH2 CELLS activating B-LYMPHOCYTES, followed by COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION.

A bacterial vaccine for the prevention of brucellosis in man and animal. Brucella abortus vaccine is used for the immunization of cattle, sheep, and goats.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection by any virus from the family HERPESVIRIDAE.

The forcing into the skin of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through a hollow needle, piercing the top skin layer.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with LEISHMANIA.

A compound with many biomedical applications: as a gastric antacid, an antiperspirant, in dentifrices, as an emulsifier, as an adjuvant in bacterins and vaccines, in water purification, etc.

A subtype of INFLUENZA A VIRUS with the surface proteins hemagglutinin 1 and neuraminidase 1. The H1N1 subtype was responsible for the Spanish flu pandemic of 1918.

Aluminum metal sulfate compounds used medically as astringents and for many industrial purposes. They are used in veterinary medicine for the treatment of ulcerative stomatitis, leukorrhea, conjunctivitis, pharyngitis, metritis, and minor wounds.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with viruses from the genus SIMPLEXVIRUS. This includes vaccines for HSV-1 and HSV-2.

Substances elaborated by bacteria that have antigenic activity.

The formaldehyde-inactivated toxin of Corynebacterium diphtheriae. It is generally used in mixtures with TETANUS TOXOID and PERTUSSIS VACCINE; (DTP); or with tetanus toxoid alone (DT for pediatric use and Td, which contains 5- to 10-fold less diphtheria toxoid, for other use). Diphtheria toxoid is used for the prevention of diphtheria; DIPHTHERIA ANTITOXIN is for treatment.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUSES.

Protection conferred on a host by inoculation with one strain or component of a microorganism that prevents infection when later challenged with a similar strain. Most commonly the microorganism is a virus.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with Japanese B encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, JAPANESE).

Administration of a vaccine to large populations in order to elicit IMMUNITY.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent conception.

A critical subpopulation of regulatory T-lymphocytes involved in MHC Class I-restricted interactions. They include both cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and CD8+ suppressor T-lymphocytes.

DNA molecules capable of autonomous replication within a host cell and into which other DNA sequences can be inserted and thus amplified. Many are derived from PLASMIDS; BACTERIOPHAGES; or VIRUSES. They are used for transporting foreign genes into recipient cells. Genetic vectors possess a functional replicator site and contain GENETIC MARKERS to facilitate their selective recognition.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines derived from edible plants. Transgenic plants (PLANTS, TRANSGENIC) are used as recombinant protein production systems and the edible plant tissue functions as an oral vaccine.

An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.

Manifestations of the immune response which are mediated by antigen-sensitized T-lymphocytes via lymphokines or direct cytotoxicity. This takes place in the absence of circulating antibody or where antibody plays a subordinate role.

A respiratory infection caused by BORDETELLA PERTUSSIS and characterized by paroxysmal coughing ending in a prolonged crowing intake of breath.

Active immunization where vaccine is administered for therapeutic or preventive purposes. This can include administration of immunopotentiating agents such as BCG vaccine and Corynebacterium parvum as well as biological response modifiers such as interferons, interleukins, and colony-stimulating factors in order to directly stimulate the immune system.

Any part or derivative of any protozoan that elicits immunity; malaria (Plasmodium) and trypanosome antigens are presently the most frequently encountered.

The relationship between an elicited ADAPTIVE IMMUNE RESPONSE and the dose of the vaccine administered.

Serological reactions in which an antiserum against one antigen reacts with a non-identical but closely related antigen.

A highly contagious infectious disease caused by MORBILLIVIRUS, common among children but also seen in the nonimmune of any age, in which the virus enters the respiratory tract via droplet nuclei and multiplies in the epithelial cells, spreading throughout the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM.

Vaccines for the prevention of diseases caused by various species of Rickettsia.

An acute, highly contagious, often fatal infectious disease caused by an orthopoxvirus characterized by a biphasic febrile course and distinctive progressive skin eruptions. Vaccination has succeeded in eradicating smallpox worldwide. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

The major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated LYMPHOCYTES. It is structurally different from TYPE I INTERFERON and its major activity is immunoregulation. It has been implicated in the expression of CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with parainfluenza viruses in humans and animals.

Nonsusceptibility to the pathogenic effects of foreign microorganisms or antigenic substances as a result of antibody secretions of the mucous membranes. Mucosal epithelia in the gastrointestinal, respiratory, and reproductive tracts produce a form of IgA (IMMUNOGLOBULIN A, SECRETORY) that serves to protect these ports of entry into the body.

Infection with any of the rotaviruses. Specific infections include human infantile diarrhea, neonatal calf diarrhea, and epidemic diarrhea of infant mice.

A subtype of INFLUENZA A VIRUS comprised of the surface proteins hemagglutinin 5 and neuraminidase 1. The H5N1 subtype, frequently referred to as the bird flu virus, is endemic in wild birds and very contagious among both domestic (POULTRY) and wild birds. It does not usually infect humans, but some cases have been reported.

A subtype of INFLUENZA A VIRUS comprised of the surface proteins hemagglutinin 3 and neuraminidase 2. The H3N2 subtype was responsible for the Hong Kong flu pandemic of 1968.

Species of the genus INFLUENZAVIRUS B that cause HUMAN INFLUENZA and other diseases primarily in humans. Antigenic variation is less extensive than in type A viruses (INFLUENZA A VIRUS) and consequently there is no basis for distinct subtypes or variants. Epidemics are less likely than with INFLUENZA A VIRUS and there have been no pandemics. Previously only found in humans, Influenza B virus has been isolated from seals which may constitute the animal reservoir from which humans are exposed.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent PSEUDORABIES (Aujeszky's disease), a herpesvirus of swine and other animals.

A species of the genus MACACA inhabiting India, China, and other parts of Asia. The species is used extensively in biomedical research and adapts very well to living with humans.

The type species of ORTHOPOXVIRUS, related to COWPOX VIRUS, but whose true origin is unknown. It has been used as a live vaccine against SMALLPOX. It is also used as a vector for inserting foreign DNA into animals. Rabbitpox virus is a subspecies of VACCINIA VIRUS.

Immunized T-lymphocytes which can directly destroy appropriate target cells. These cytotoxic lymphocytes may be generated in vitro in mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC), in vivo during a graft-versus-host (GVH) reaction, or after immunization with an allograft, tumor cell or virally transformed or chemically modified target cell. The lytic phenomenon is sometimes referred to as cell-mediated lympholysis (CML). These CD8-positive cells are distinct from NATURAL KILLER CELLS and NATURAL KILLER T-CELLS. There are two effector phenotypes: TC1 and TC2.

Membrane glycoproteins from influenza viruses which are involved in hemagglutination, virus attachment, and envelope fusion. Fourteen distinct subtypes of HA glycoproteins and nine of NA glycoproteins have been identified from INFLUENZA A VIRUS; no subtypes have been identified for Influenza B or Influenza C viruses.

Neoplasms of the skin and mucous membranes caused by papillomaviruses. They are usually benign but some have a high risk for malignant progression.

A critical subpopulation of T-lymphocytes involved in the induction of most immunological functions. The HIV virus has selective tropism for the T4 cell which expresses the CD4 phenotypic marker, a receptor for HIV. In fact, the key element in the profound immunosuppression seen in HIV infection is the depletion of this subset of T-lymphocytes.

An acute infectious disease of humans, particularly children, caused by any of three serotypes of human poliovirus (POLIOVIRUS). Usually the infection is limited to the gastrointestinal tract and nasopharynx, and is often asymptomatic. The central nervous system, primarily the spinal cord, may be affected, leading to rapidly progressive paralysis, coarse FASCICULATION and hyporeflexia. Motor neurons are primarily affected. Encephalitis may also occur. The virus replicates in the nervous system, and may cause significant neuronal loss, most notably in the spinal cord. A rare related condition, nonpoliovirus poliomyelitis, may result from infections with nonpoliovirus enteroviruses. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp764-5)

The process of keeping pharmaceutical products in an appropriate location.

Substances elaborated by viruses that have antigenic activity.

Acute VIRAL CNS INFECTION affecting mammals, including humans. It is caused by RABIES VIRUS and usually spread by contamination with virus-laden saliva of bites inflicted by rabid animals. Important animal vectors include the dog, cat, bat, fox, raccoon, skunk, and wolf.

Works about pre-planned studies of the safety, efficacy, or optimum dosage schedule (if appropriate) of one or more diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic drugs, devices, or techniques selected according to predetermined criteria of eligibility and observed for predefined evidence of favorable and unfavorable effects. This concept includes clinical trials conducted both in the U.S. and in other countries.

Lymphocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity. Two types have been identified - cytotoxic (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and helper T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER). They are formed when lymphocytes circulate through the THYMUS GLAND and differentiate to thymocytes. When exposed to an antigen, they divide rapidly and produce large numbers of new T cells sensitized to that antigen.

Antigenic determinants recognized and bound by the T-cell receptor. Epitopes recognized by the T-cell receptor are often located in the inner, unexposed side of the antigen, and become accessible to the T-cell receptors after proteolytic processing of the antigen.

Virus diseases caused by the ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE.

A specific immune response elicited by a specific dose of an immunologically active substance or cell in an organism, tissue, or cell.

Proteins found in any species of protozoan.

The type species of the genus INFLUENZAVIRUS A that causes influenza and other diseases in humans and animals. Antigenic variation occurs frequently between strains, allowing classification into subtypes and variants. Transmission is usually by aerosol (human and most non-aquatic hosts) or waterborne (ducks). Infected birds shed the virus in their saliva, nasal secretions, and feces.

Infections with bacteria of the species NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS.

Vaccines used in conjunction with diagnostic tests to differentiate vaccinated animals from carrier animals. Marker vaccines can be either a subunit or a gene-deleted vaccine.

A type of H. influenzae isolated most frequently from biotype I. Prior to vaccine availability, it was a leading cause of childhood meningitis.

Process of determining and distinguishing species of bacteria or viruses based on antigens they share.

The type species of the FLAVIVIRUS genus. Principal vector transmission to humans is by AEDES spp. mosquitoes.

Strains of Neisseria meningitidis which are the most common ones causing infections or disease in infants. Serogroup B strains are isolated most frequently in sporadic cases, and are less common in outbreaks and epidemics.

The non-susceptibility to infection of a large group of individuals in a population. A variety of factors can be responsible for herd immunity and this gives rise to the different definitions used in the literature. Most commonly, herd immunity refers to the case when, if most of the population is immune, infection of a single individual will not cause an epidemic. Also, in such immunized populations, susceptible individuals are not likely to become infected. Herd immunity can also refer to the case when unprotected individuals fail to contract a disease because the infecting organism has been banished from the population.

Specialized cells of the hematopoietic system that have branch-like extensions. They are found throughout the lymphatic system, and in non-lymphoid tissues such as SKIN and the epithelia of the intestinal, respiratory, and reproductive tracts. They trap and process ANTIGENS, and present them to T-CELLS, thereby stimulating CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY. They are different from the non-hematopoietic FOLLICULAR DENDRITIC CELLS, which have a similar morphology and immune system function, but with respect to humoral immunity (ANTIBODY PRODUCTION).

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent LYME DISEASE.

An acute infectious disease caused by RUBULAVIRUS, spread by direct contact, airborne droplet nuclei, fomites contaminated by infectious saliva, and perhaps urine, and usually seen in children under the age of 15, although adults may also be affected. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

Manipulation of the host's immune system in treatment of disease. It includes both active and passive immunization as well as immunosuppressive therapy to prevent graft rejection.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

Sudden increase in the incidence of a disease. The concept includes EPIDEMICS and PANDEMICS.

A disease caused by tetanospasmin, a powerful protein toxin produced by CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI. Tetanus usually occurs after an acute injury, such as a puncture wound or laceration. Generalized tetanus, the most common form, is characterized by tetanic muscular contractions and hyperreflexia. Localized tetanus presents itself as a mild condition with manifestations restricted to muscles near the wound. It may progress to the generalized form.

The expelling of virus particles from the body. Important routes include the respiratory tract, genital tract, and intestinal tract. Virus shedding is an important means of vertical transmission (INFECTIOUS DISEASE TRANSMISSION, VERTICAL).

Epidemics of infectious disease that have spread to many countries, often more than one continent, and usually affecting a large number of people.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent or treat PSEUDOMONAS INFECTIONS.

The type species of LENTIVIRUS and the etiologic agent of AIDS. It is characterized by its cytopathic effect and affinity for the T4-lymphocyte.

Nonsusceptibility to the invasive or pathogenic effects of foreign microorganisms or to the toxic effect of antigenic substances.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

Layers of protein which surround the capsid in animal viruses with tubular nucleocapsids. The envelope consists of an inner layer of lipids and virus specified proteins also called membrane or matrix proteins. The outer layer consists of one or more types of morphological subunits called peplomers which project from the viral envelope; this layer always consists of glycoproteins.

The giving of drugs, chemicals, or other substances by mouth.

A fulminant infection of the meninges and subarachnoid fluid by the bacterium NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS, producing diffuse inflammation and peri-meningeal venous thromboses. Clinical manifestations include FEVER, nuchal rigidity, SEIZURES, severe HEADACHE, petechial rash, stupor, focal neurologic deficits, HYDROCEPHALUS, and COMA. The organism is usually transmitted via nasopharyngeal secretions and is a leading cause of meningitis in children and young adults. Organisms from Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A, B, C, Y, and W-135 have been reported to cause meningitis. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp689-701; Curr Opin Pediatr 1998 Feb;10(1):13-8)

Antibodies reactive with HIV ANTIGENS.

Antibodies to the HEPATITIS B ANTIGENS, including antibodies to the surface (Australia) and core of the Dane particle and those to the "e" antigens.

A localized infection of mucous membranes or skin caused by toxigenic strains of CORYNEBACTERIUM DIPHTHERIAE. It is characterized by the presence of a pseudomembrane at the site of infection. DIPHTHERIA TOXIN, produced by C. diphtheriae, can cause myocarditis, polyneuritis, and other systemic toxic effects.

The altered state of immunologic responsiveness resulting from initial contact with antigen, which enables the individual to produce antibodies more rapidly and in greater quantity in response to secondary antigenic stimulus.

A species of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria that is the causative agent of WHOOPING COUGH. Its cells are minute coccobacilli that are surrounded by a slime sheath.

Antigenic determinants recognized and bound by the B-cell receptor. Epitopes recognized by the B-cell receptor are located on the surface of the antigen.

A method of detection of the number of cells in a sample secreting a specific molecule. With this method, a population of cells are plated over top of the immunosorbent substrate that captures the secreted molecules.

A species of protozoa that is the causal agent of falciparum malaria (MALARIA, FALCIPARUM). It is most prevalent in the tropics and subtropics.

Viruses containing two or more pieces of nucleic acid (segmented genome) from different parents. Such viruses are produced in cells coinfected with different strains of a given virus.

Techniques where DNA is delivered directly into organelles at high speed using projectiles coated with nucleic acid, shot from a helium-powered gun (gene gun). One of these techniques involves immunization by DNA VACCINES, which delivers DNA-coated gold beads to the epidermis.

A CELL LINE derived from the kidney of the African green (vervet) monkey, (CERCOPITHECUS AETHIOPS) used primarily in virus replication studies and plaque assays.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

The type species of LYSSAVIRUS causing rabies in humans and other animals. Transmission is mostly by animal bites through saliva. The virus is neurotropic multiplying in neurons and myotubes of vertebrates.

A genus of REOVIRIDAE, causing acute gastroenteritis in BIRDS and MAMMALS, including humans. Transmission is horizontal and by environmental contamination. Seven species (Rotaviruses A thru G) are recognized.

Proteins, glycoprotein, or lipoprotein moieties on surfaces of tumor cells that are usually identified by monoclonal antibodies. Many of these are of either embryonic or viral origin.

Proteins isolated from the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.

Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Proteins found in any species of bacterium.

Morphologic alteration of small B LYMPHOCYTES or T LYMPHOCYTES in culture into large blast-like cells able to synthesize DNA and RNA and to divide mitotically. It is induced by INTERLEUKINS; MITOGENS such as PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS, and by specific ANTIGENS. It may also occur in vivo as in GRAFT REJECTION.

Infections with bacteria of the genus HAEMOPHILUS.

A species of CERCOPITHECUS containing three subspecies: C. tantalus, C. pygerythrus, and C. sabeus. They are found in the forests and savannah of Africa. The African green monkey (C. pygerythrus) is the natural host of SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS and is used in AIDS research.

The property of antibodies which enables them to react with some ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS and not with others. Specificity is dependent on chemical composition, physical forces, and molecular structure at the binding site.

A method of studying a drug or procedure in which both the subjects and investigators are kept unaware of who is actually getting which specific treatment.

Resistance to a disease agent resulting from the production of specific antibodies by the host, either after exposure to the disease or after vaccination.

Forceful administration under the skin of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through a hollow needle piercing the skin.

A highly contagious infectious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN). It usually affects children, is spread by direct contact or respiratory route via droplet nuclei, and is characterized by the appearance on the skin and mucous membranes of successive crops of typical pruritic vesicular lesions that are easily broken and become scabbed. Chickenpox is relatively benign in children, but may be complicated by pneumonia and encephalitis in adults. (From Dorland, 27th ed)

An acute diarrheal disease endemic in India and Southeast Asia whose causative agent is VIBRIO CHOLERAE. This condition can lead to severe dehydration in a matter of hours unless quickly treated.

Semidomesticated variety of European polecat much used for hunting RODENTS and/or RABBITS and as a laboratory animal. It is in the subfamily Mustelinae, family MUSTELIDAE.

The degree of pathogenicity within a group or species of microorganisms or viruses as indicated by case fatality rates and/or the ability of the organism to invade the tissues of the host. The pathogenic capacity of an organism is determined by its VIRULENCE FACTORS.

Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.

The application of scientific knowledge or technology to pharmacy and the pharmaceutical industry. It includes methods, techniques, and instrumentation in the manufacture, preparation, compounding, dispensing, packaging, and storing of drugs and other preparations used in diagnostic and determinative procedures, and in the treatment of patients.

Surveillance of drugs, devices, appliances, etc., for efficacy or adverse effects, after they have been released for general sale.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

Transfer of immunity from immunized to non-immune host by administration of serum antibodies, or transplantation of lymphocytes (ADOPTIVE TRANSFER).

An infant during the first month after birth.

Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.

A serotype of SALMONELLA ENTERICA which is the etiologic agent of TYPHOID FEVER.

Preparations of pathogenic organisms or their derivatives made nontoxic and intended for active immunologic prophylaxis. They include deactivated toxins. Anatoxin toxoids are distinct from anatoxins that are TROPANES found in CYANOBACTERIA.

Vaccines used to prevent infection by any virus from the family ADENOVIRIDAE.

A family of RNA viruses causing INFLUENZA and other diseases. There are five recognized genera: INFLUENZAVIRUS A; INFLUENZAVIRUS B; INFLUENZAVIRUS C; ISAVIRUS; and THOGOTOVIRUS.

A family of non-enveloped viruses infecting mammals (MASTADENOVIRUS) and birds (AVIADENOVIRUS) or both (ATADENOVIRUS). Infections may be asymptomatic or result in a variety of diseases.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent or treat ALZHEIMER DISEASE.

Species of the genus LENTIVIRUS, subgenus primate immunodeficiency viruses (IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES, PRIMATE), that induces acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in monkeys and apes (SAIDS). The genetic organization of SIV is virtually identical to HIV.

A species of the genus FLAVIVIRUS which causes an acute febrile and sometimes hemorrhagic disease in man. Dengue is mosquito-borne and four serotypes are known.

A highly fatal, acute hemorrhagic fever, clinically very similar to MARBURG VIRUS DISEASE, caused by EBOLAVIRUS, first occurring in the Sudan and adjacent northwestern (what was then) Zaire.

An acute infectious disease caused by YERSINIA PESTIS that affects humans, wild rodents, and their ectoparasites. This condition persists due to its firm entrenchment in sylvatic rodent-flea ecosystems throughout the world. Bubonic plague is the most common form.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

The type species of MORBILLIVIRUS and the cause of the highly infectious human disease MEASLES, which affects mostly children.

Interrupting the transmission of respiratory tract infections: theory and practice. (1/1781)

Interruption of transmission has always been one of the most attractive approaches for infection control. The technologies available were severely limited before the development of appropriate vaccines. Mathematically, the proportion of those who need to be immune to interrupt transmission can be derived from the Ro, which represents the number of new cases infected by a single case when all contacts are susceptible. Purely respiratory infections have critical characteristics affecting transmission that are different from key childhood vaccine-preventable diseases spread by the respiratory route. They include frequent reinfections and antigenic changes of the agents. Pragmatic approaches to understanding their potential effect can be found in experimental and programmatic use of vaccines such as those for Haemophilus influenzae type b and influenza virus infections. Results of these experiences can in turn strengthen the development of transmission theory. (+info)

Home delivery of heat-stable vaccines in Indonesia: outreach immunization with a prefilled, single-use injection device. (2/1781)

Extending immunization coverage to underserved populations will require innovative immunization strategies. This study evaluated one such strategy: the use of a prefilled, single-use injection device for outreach immunization by village midwives. The device, UniJect, is designed to prevent refilling or reuse. Stored at ambient temperatures for up to 1 month in midwives' homes, vaccine-filled UniJect devices were immediately available for outreach. Between July 1995 and April 1996, 110 midwives on the Indonesia islands of Lombok and Bali visited the homes of newborn infants to deliver hepatitis B vaccine to the infants and tetanus toxoid to their mothers. Observations and interviews showed that the midwives used the device properly and safely to administer approximately 10,000 sterile injections in home settings. There were no problems with excessive heat exposure during the storage or delivery of vaccine. Injection recipients and midwives expressed a strong preference for the UniJect device over a standard syringe. Use of the prefilled device outside the cold chain simplified the logistics and facilitated the speed and efficiency of home visits, while the single-dose format minimized vaccine wastage. (+info)

A contraceptive peptide vaccine targeting sulfated glycoprotein ZP2 of the mouse zona pellucida. (3/1781)

In this study, we have mapped and characterized a B cell epitope of sulfated glycoprotein ZP2 (ZP2) as a step toward the development of a multi-epitope zona pellucida (ZP) vaccine. Recombinant polypeptides expressed by random deoxyribonuclease-digested fragments of ZP2 cDNA were screened for binding to IE-3, a monoclonal antibody to murine ZP2. Positive clones contained cDNA inserts encoding polypeptide corresponding to ZP2(103-134). When normal or ovariectomized female mice were immunized with three overlapping peptides that span this region of ZP2 (101-120, 111-130, 121-140), only ZP2(121-140) elicited IgG antibodies that reacted with mouse ovarian ZP, indicative of the presence of native B epitope and helper T cell epitope in ZP2(121-140). To more finely map the ZP2 B cell epitope, a random peptide display library was screened with the IE-3 antibody, and a consensus tetramer sequence VxYK that matched the ZP2(123-126) sequence VRYK was located. Competitive immunofluorescence analysis with single alanine-substituted VxYK peptides ranked the relative contribution of the three critical B cell epitope residues as Y > V > K. A chimeric peptide was constructed that contained the YRYK motif of ZP2 and a bovine RNase T cell epitope. Although (C57BL/6xA/J) F1 (B6AF1) female mice immunized with the chimeric peptide developed ZP antibody response, this peptide elicited antibody only in mice of the histocompatibility complex (MHC) H-2(k or b) haplotype. In contrast, ZP2(121-140) peptide elicited antibody in inbred mice with three additional mouse MHC haplotypes. Moreover, although ZP2(121-140) contained a T cell epitope, no oophoritis was observed after immunization of B6AF1 mice with ZP2(121-140) in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). In a preliminary trial, female B6AF1 mice immunized with ZP2(121-140) in CFA had reduced litter sizes as compared with mice injected with CFA alone. (+info)

Molecular characterization of a Haemaphysalis longicornis tick salivary gland-associated 29-kilodalton protein and its effect as a vaccine against tick infestation in rabbits. (4/1781)

The use of tick vaccines in mammalian hosts has been shown to be the most promising alternative tick control method to current use of acaricides, which suffers from a number of limitations. However, the success of this method is dependent on the identification, cloning, and in vitro expression of tick molecules involved in the mediation of key physiological roles with respect to the biological success of a tick as a vector and pest. We have sequenced and characterized a Haemaphysalis longicornis tick salivary gland-associated cDNA coding for a 29-kDa extracellular matrix-like protein. This protein is expressed in both unfed and fed immature and mature H. longicornis ticks. The predicted amino acid sequence of p29 shows high homology to sequences of some known extracellular matrix like-proteins with the structural conservation similar to all known collagen proteins. Immunization with the recombinant p29 conferred a significant protective immunity in rabbits, resulting in reduced engorgement weight for adult ticks and up to 40 and 56% mortality in larvae and nymphs that fed on the immunized rabbits. We speculate that this protein is associated with formation of tick cement, a chemical compound that enables the tick to remain attached to the host, and suggest a role for p29 as a candidate tick vaccine molecule for the control of ticks. We have discussed our findings with respect to the search of tick molecules for vaccine candidates. (+info)

Impact of vaccines universally recommended for children--United States, 1990-1998. (5/1781)

At the beginning of the 20th century, infectious diseases were widely prevalent in the United States and exacted an enormous toll on the population. For example, in 1900, 21,064 smallpox cases were reported, and 894 patients died. In 1920, 469,924 measles cases were reported, and 7575 patients died; 147,991 diphtheria cases were reported, and 13,170 patients died. In 1922, 107,473 pertussis cases were reported, and 5099 patients died. (+info)

Interleukin-12 as an adjuvant for an antischistosome vaccine consisting of adult worm antigens: protection of rats from cercarial challenge. (6/1781)

Our group previously demonstrated that a detergent extract (fraction S3) prepared from immature (4-week) Schistosoma mansoni parasites can induce partial, serum-transferable immunity to challenge infection in rats when administered as an alum precipitate. In the present study, we examined whether S3 prepared from adult (7-week) worms could similarly induce protection and whether immunity could be positively influenced by treatment with interleukin-12 (IL-12). IL-12 coadministered to Fischer rats and C57BL/6 mice at the time of S3 vaccination altered the prechallenge kinetics of S3-specific antibody titers in both species, ultimately leading to a stable enhancement of titers (relative to those in animals vaccinated without IL-12) in mice but not rats. Immunoblot analysis of prechallenge immune sera demonstrated that IL-12 treatment was associated with changes in the S3 antigen recognition profile in each species. Isotyping of specific antibodies in S3- plus IL-12-vaccinated mice prior to challenge infection revealed a moderate elevation in immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) responses, strongly enhanced IgG2a and IgG2b responses, as well as diminished total serum IgE responses compared to those in mice given S3 only. In vaccinated rats, IL-12 profoundly suppressed specific IgG1 and enhanced IgG2b responses but did not affect IgG2a responses. S3- plus IL-12-vaccinated rats also produced less total IgE upon challenge infection. Enumeration of worm burdens revealed that vaccination with S3 plus IL-12 conferred 50% protection from cercarial challenge to rats, whereas rats given S3 only were not protected; mice were not protected by S3 vaccination regardless of IL-12 coadministration. The protection observed in S3- plus IL-12-vaccinated rats could not be transferred with serum, suggesting participation of an activated cellular component in the expression of immunity. (+info)

Single-dose mucosal immunization with biodegradable microparticles containing a Schistosoma mansoni antigen. (7/1781)

The purpose of this work was to assess the immunogenicity of a single nasal or oral administration of recombinant 28-kDa glutathione S-transferase of Schistosoma mansoni (rSm28GST) entrapped by poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLG)- or polycaprolactone (PCL)-biodegradable microparticles. Whatever the polymer and the route of administration used, the equivalent of 100 microg of entrapped rSm28GST induced a long-lasting and stable antigen-specific serum antibody response, with a peak at 9 to 10 weeks following immunization. Isotype profiles were comparable, with immunoglobulin G1 being the predominant isotype produced. The abilities of specific antisera to neutralize the rSm28GST enzymatic activity have been used as criteria of immune response quality. Pooled 10-week sera from mice receiving PLG microparticles by the nasal or oral route neutralized the rSm28GST enzymatic activity, whereas sera of mice receiving either PCL microparticles, free rSm28GST, or empty microparticles inefficiently neutralized this enzymatic activity. Finally, this study shows that a single administration of these microparticles could provide distinct and timely release pulses of microencapsulated antigen, which might greatly facilitate future vaccine development. (+info)

Heat shock protein-based therapeutic strategies against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. (8/1781)

Heat shock proteins (hsps) and cyclophilins (CypA) are intracellular chaperone molecules that facilitate protein folding and assembly. These proteins are selectively expressed in cells following exposure to a range of stress stimuli, including viral infection. Hsp species are highly immunogenic, eliciting humoral, cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL), and natural killer (NK) cell responses against viruses, tumours, and infectious diseases. This review discusses the roles of stress proteins in immunity and viral life cycles, vis-a-vis the development of Hsp-based therapeutic strategies against human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection. Cumulative findings are cited implicating the requirement of CypA in HIV-1 replication and formation of infectious virions. Studies by our group show the upregulated expression of hsp27 and hsp70 during single-cycle HIV infections. These species redistribute to the cell surface following HIV-infection and heat stress, serving as targets for NK and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Co-immunoprecipitation and Western blot studies show that hsp27, hsp70, and hsp78 complex with HIV-1 viral proteins intracellularly. Hsp70, hsp56, and CypA are assembled into HIV-1 virions. The ability of hsps to interact with HIV-1 viral proteins, combined with their inherent adjuvant and immunogenic properties, indicates that hsps may serve as vehicles for antigen delivery and the design of vaccines against acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. (+info)

"Q&a The Vaccines' Justin Young - on new album The Vaccines Come of Age, why "clunky lyrics" rule, the need to make an emotional ... Official website The Vaccines' BBC Sound of 2011 page at BBC Online The Vaccines Celebrate a Decade of Debut Album 'What Did ... The Vaccines - Come of Age, Amazon.com, 27 July 2012. "The Vaccines Announce Details of 2013 London O2 Arena Show And New ... "The Vaccines Post Covers EP , News , Clash Magazine". Clashmusic.com. Retrieved 20 October 2013. "The Vaccines - What Did You ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Vaccines

A therapeutic vaccine differs from a prophylactic vaccine in that prophylactic vaccines are administered to individuals as a ... The specific type of therapeutic vaccines include antigen vaccines. In case of antigen vaccines, the body is introduced to a ... vaccine) to train them to differentiate and fight cancer cells. Therapeutic vaccines are a new form of vaccines that are mostly ... HIV has no vaccine up until now, but therapeutic vaccines could be the breakthrough for HIV. Such vaccines would enhance ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Therapeutic_vaccines

... , also called autologous vaccines, autovaccines, "self" or custom vaccines, are vaccines that are prepared ... including autogenous vaccines. Vaccine Therapeutic vaccines Immune system Immunotherapy Giedrys-Kalemba S, Czernomysy-Furowicz ... Autogenous vaccines have been researched since as early as the 1900s. This type of vaccine was first introduced by Sir Almroth ... Autogenous vaccines are also a good and quick alternative when there are no vaccines for a novel emerging disease or a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autogenous_vaccines

... tuberculosis-based vaccine to enter clinical trials". Vaccine. 31 (42): 4867-4873. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.07.051. PMID ... Vaccine development is proceeding along several paths:[citation needed] Development of a new prime vaccine to replace BCG ... "Antituberculous Vaccine Development: A Perspective For The Endemic World." Expert Review of Vaccines 8.11 (2009): 1547-1553. ... Today, the only effective tuberculosis vaccine in common use is the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, first used on ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberculosis_vaccines

"VBI Vaccines Announces Initiation of Enrollment in Adaptive Phase 1/2 Study of Prophylactic COVID-19 Vaccine Candidate, VBI- ... "Variation Biotechnologies Secures $35.7M in Series A Financing to Fund Innovative Vaccine Platform". VBI Vaccines. January 4, ... COVID-19 vaccine producers, All stub articles, COVID-19 vaccine stubs, COVID-19 pandemic stubs, Canadian company stubs, United ... In August VBI received CA$56 million from the Government of Canada to prepare its vaccine for clinical trials by the end of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VBI_Vaccines

New third-generation vaccines being researched include recombinant live vaccines and recombinant sub-unit vaccines. In the ... Anthrax vaccines are vaccines to prevent the livestock and human disease anthrax, caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis. ... These vaccines may be given by aerosol, scarification, or subcutaneous injection. A Georgian/Russian live anthrax spore vaccine ... This was a cell-free vaccine in distinction to the live-cell Pasteur-style vaccine previously used for veterinary purposes. It ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthrax_vaccines

... in Leiden developed the COVID-19 vaccines for Johnson & Johnson. Initial production of the vaccine is ... The vaccine stands out because it is the first single-shot vaccine against COVID-19 that was developed during the COVID-19 ... Swedish SBL Vaccines and US-based Berna Products joined forces to become the sixth largest vaccine company worldwide, with ... "Janssen Vaccines AG". Company Profiles. Bloomberg. 2020. (Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janssen_Vaccines

"No, a Vaccine Court ruling does not show that vaccines cause SIDS". Science-Based Medicine. 2017-08-21. Retrieved 2019-02-01. ... A speculated link between vaccines and SIDS has been refuted, but remains a common anti-vaccine claim. The claim, attributed to ... "Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) and Vaccines". U.S. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Vaccines have not been shown ... is that vaccines, especially the DTP vaccine that protects against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis, sometimes causes sudden ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccines_and_SIDS

... is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering research into vaccines and ... It was established in 2005 as Human Vaccines, and obtained its current name in 2012. It is published by Taylor & Francis and ... "Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics". 2013 Journal Citation Reports. Web of Science (Science ed.). Thomson Reuters. 2014. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_Vaccines_&_Immunotherapeutics

... parental concerns about vaccine 'overload' and 'immune-vulnerability'". Vaccine. 24 (20): 4321-7. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.03 ... Vaccine. 36 (39): 5825-31. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.08.036. PMID 30139653. S2CID 52073320. "Vaccines, Autism, and Retraction ... Vaccine overload became popular after the Vaccine Injury Compensation Program accepted the case of nine year old Hannah Poling ... Vaccine burden: Miller E, Andrews N, Waight P, Taylor B (March 2003). "Bacterial infections, immune overload, and MMR vaccine. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccines_and_autism

"The Vaccines Premiere the Video For "Dream Lover"". NOISEY. "The Vaccines have dropped a brand new video for 'I Can't Quit'". ... "The Vaccines - 'Wreckin' Bar (Ra Ra Ra)' - Music Video". MTV. Retrieved 6 June 2012. "The Vaccines - 'Post Break-Up Sex' - ... Type Vaccines in the "Search BPI Awards" field and then press Enter. "The Vaccines - Chart History: Heatseekers Albums". ... Melody Calling' - The Vaccines. Vimeo. "The Vaccines - see the video for their new single Handsome". The Guardian. Retrieved 21 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Vaccines_discography

CDC PUBLISHES THIMEROSAL IN VACCINES Notice to Readers: Thimerosal in Vaccines Baker JP (2008). "Mercury, Vaccines, and Autism ... including the Hib vaccine, DTaP vaccine and hepatitis B vaccine, could have contained thiomersal. Third, the number of ... but vaccine advocates doubt their utility given the lack of evidence for danger with thiomersal in vaccines. Vaccine advocates ... Second, the vaccine schedule for infants expanded in the 1990s to include more vaccines, some of which, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiomersal_and_vaccines

... partly due to international vaccine funders; in 2012, UNICEF bought half of the world's vaccine doses). Vaccines are becoming ... While vaccine research and development is done by many small companies, large-scale vaccine manufacturing is done by an ... Many vaccines have been highly cost effective and beneficial for public health. The number of vaccines actually administered ... Vaccines are newly being marketed like pharmaceuticals. Vaccines offer new opportunities for funding from public-private ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economics_of_vaccines

The following vaccines are included in the VFC Program: * Vaccines initially targeted by the VFC program in 1994. ** Vaccines ... covers only certain vaccines, or does cover some vaccines, but has a cap on the annual cost for vaccines*. Underinsured ... The Vaccines for Children Program (VFC) is a federally funded program in the United States providing no-cost vaccines to ... The Vaccines for Children program represented a major vaccine finance reform, working as a state-operated federal entitlement ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccines_for_Children_Program

Regulation of vaccines in developing countries". In Plotkin, Stanley A.; Orenstein, Walter A.; Offit, Paul A. (eds.). Vaccines ... The List of Prequalified Vaccines, published by the World Health Organization, lists vaccines that are found to be safe, ... ISBN 978-92-4-156386-4. "List of Prequalified Vaccines". WHO - Prequalification of Medical Products (IVDs, Medicines, Vaccines ... Maurice, J. M.; Davey, Sheila; Organization, World Health (2009). "2. A new chapter in vaccine development". State of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Prequalified_Vaccines

Cytomegalovirus vaccine Epstein-Barr virus vaccine Hepatitis C vaccine Herpes simplex vaccine HIV vaccine Respiratory syncytial ... First oral polio vaccine (Sabin vaccine) 1963 - First vaccine for measles 1967 - First vaccine for mumps 1970 - First vaccine ... First vaccine for malaria 2015 - First vaccine for dengue fever 2019 - First vaccine for Ebola approved 2020 - First vaccine ... First vaccine for tick-borne encephalitis 1952 - First vaccine for polio (Salk vaccine) 1954 - First vaccine for Japanese ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_human_vaccines

"Expert Review of Vaccines Publishes Special Issue on Vaccines for Biodefense!". Taylor & Francis. 21 September 2016. Retrieved ... making it the highest-impact journal dedicated specifically to vaccines. "Expert Review of Vaccines". 2015 Journal Citation ... Expert Review of Vaccines is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering all aspects impacting the clinical effectiveness ... of vaccines. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2015 impact factor of 4.222, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expert_Review_of_Vaccines

The subgroup of genetic vaccines encompass viral vector vaccines, RNA vaccines and DNA vaccines. Viral vector vaccines use a ... Examples include IPV (polio vaccine), hepatitis A vaccine, rabies vaccine and most influenza vaccines. Toxoid vaccines are made ... RNA vaccines and DNA vaccines are examples of third generation vaccines. In 2016 a DNA vaccine for the Zika virus began testing ... Vaccine cooler Vaccine failure Vaccine hesitancy Vaccinov Viral vector Virus-like particle Nasal vaccine "Expanded Practice ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccine

The Vaccines Manufacturing and Innovation Centre (VMIC) is a vaccine research and manufacturing facility under construction in ... "New vaccines centre to protect UK from pandemic threats". University of Oxford. 3 December 2018. Retrieved 22 March 2021.{{cite ... "Vaccines Manufacturing and Innovation Centre to open 12 months ahead of schedule". GOV.UK. Retrieved 17 January 2021. " ... In 2020, the centre's personnel contributed to development of the Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine AZD1222, and from October ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccines_Manufacturing_and_Innovation_Centre

... rVSV vaccines) are vaccines made using recombinant Indiana vesiculovirus. rVSV vaccines include: rVSV-ZEBOV vaccine against ... rVSV-MARV vaccine, a candidate against the Marburg virus (development discontinued for business reasons) rVSV-based vaccine ... This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vaccines. If an ... Ebola rVSV-SUDV vaccine, a candidate against Sudan ebolavirus (development discontinued for business reasons) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recombinant_vesicular_stomatitis_virus_vaccines

"Bad Mood" is a song from English indie rock band the Vaccines. The track was released in the United Kingdom on 17 March 2013 as ... The Vaccines songs, All stub articles, 2010s rock song stubs). ... "The Vaccines - Bad Mood" (in Dutch). Ultratip. v t e (Articles ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bad_Mood_(The_Vaccines_song)

"The Vaccines premiere new song 'Dream Lover' from English Graffiti". Digital Spy. Retrieved 6 June 2015. "The Vaccines - Dream ... "Dream Lover" is a song from English indie rock band the Vaccines. The track was released in the United Kingdom on 18 May 2015 ... "Huw Stephens - Leon Bridges + The Vaccines + Madeon". BBC Radio 1. Retrieved 6 June 2015. " ... The Vaccines songs, Columbia Records singles, All stub articles, 2010s rock song stubs). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dream_Lover_(The_Vaccines_song)

Vaccine. 35 (17): 2115-2120. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.11.097. PMID 28364918. "How can we make enough vaccine for 2 billion ... "vaccine nationalism" - threaten vaccine availability for poorer nations.[excessive citations] The RNA vaccines from Moderna and ... Vaccine. 35 (17): 2127-2133. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.09.070. PMID 28364920. "China's Sinopharm vaccine 86% effective, say ... 1.2 billion to secure 300 million vaccine doses for Americans, even before the AstraZeneca-Oxford vaccine or a Sanofi vaccine ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deployment_of_COVID-19_vaccines

... a pandemic flu vaccine H5N1 vaccine "Influenza vaccines - United States, 2019-20 influenza season*". U.S. Centers for Disease ... This vaccine is intended for people 65 and over, who typically have weakened immune response due to normal aging. The vaccine ... Novartis developed the first influenza vaccine, which did not need to be grown in chicken eggs, a cell-based vaccine. In 2014, ... "Fluzone intradermal vaccine website". Sanofi Pasteur. "FDA Approves A High Dose Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Specifically ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_seasonal_influenza_vaccines

All live vaccines studied so far (BCG, measles vaccine, oral polio vaccine (OPV) and smallpox vaccine) have been shown to ... "Sex differences in the vaccine-specific and non-targeted effects of vaccines". Vaccine. 29 (13): 2349-54. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine ... The negative effects are seen as long as DTP vaccine is the most recent vaccine. BCG or measles vaccine given after DTP ... This has been shown with two live attenuated vaccines, BCG vaccine and measles vaccine, through multiple randomized controlled ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-specific_effect_of_vaccines

Inactivated vaccines, Vaccines, World Health Organization essential medicines (vaccines), Wikipedia medicine articles ready to ... The first vaccines used against cholera were developed in the late 1800s. They were the first widely used vaccine that was made ... The first cholera vaccine developed by Louis Pasteur was on chicken and other animals. They were the first widely used vaccine ... His vaccine was accepted by the medical community, and is credited as the first effective human cholera vaccine. Finally, in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholera_vaccine

... standalone vaccine) Measles and rubella combined vaccine (MR vaccine) Mumps, measles and rubella combined vaccine (MMR vaccine ... a combination with the rubella vaccine and mumps vaccine) or the MMRV vaccine (a combination of MMR with the chickenpox vaccine ... MMRV vaccine) Most health insurance plans in the United States cover the cost of vaccines, and Vaccines for Children Program ... Live vaccines, Measles, Vaccines, World Health Organization essential medicines (vaccines), Wikipedia medicine articles ready ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measles_vaccine

... is a delay in acceptance, or refusal, of vaccines despite the availability of vaccine services. The term ... when the routine vaccine schedule could contain more than 3,000 antigens (in a single shot of DTP vaccine). The vaccine ... the more vaccines offered, the higher the likelihood of vaccine deferral). The use of combination vaccines to protect against ... the person does not see a need for the vaccine or does not see the value of the vaccine), and convenience (access to vaccines ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccine_hesitancy

... is a lack of immunity, or immunologic memory, to a disease because the person has not been vaccinated. There are ... Vaccine-naive persons threaten what epidemiologists call herd immunity. This is because vaccinations provide not just ... Wallace, H. Shortages require practices to take extra measures to keep patients up-to-date on vaccines: Calling the shots. AAP ... Garnett, G. P. (2005). "Role of Herd Immunity in Determining the Effect of Vaccines against Sexually Transmitted Disease". The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccine-naive

... , also known as chickenpox vaccine, is a vaccine that protects against chickenpox. One dose of vaccine ... Vaccine. 28 (13): 2532-2538. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.01.036. PMID 20117265. "CDC - Varicella Vaccine - Vaccine Safety". ... The vaccine is available either by itself or along with the MMR vaccine, in a version known as the MMRV vaccine. It is made ... Another vaccine, known as zoster vaccine, is simply a larger-than-normal dose of the same vaccine used against chickenpox, and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varicella_vaccine

The vaccines do not cause infection in pregnant people or babies. ... getting COVID-19 vaccine can protect from severe illness from COVID-19. ... Children, teens, and adults, including pregnant people, may get a COVID-19 vaccine and other vaccines, including a flu vaccine ... Which COVID-19 vaccine should pregnant people receive? You can choose to get either an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (Moderna or Pfizer ...

https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/recommendations/pregnancy.html

MMR vaccine may be given at the same time as other vaccines. Children 12 months through 12 years of age might receive MMR ... The National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program. The National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (VICP) is a federal program ... Vaccine Information Statement. MMR Vaccine. (8/6/21). 42 U.S.C. § 300aa-26 ... MMR vaccine can prevent measles, mumps, and rubella. *MEASLES (M) causes fever, cough, runny nose, and red, watery eyes, ...

https://cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/vis/vis-statements/mmr.html

Hepatitis B vaccine: Vaccine can be administered with an accelerated schedule of 4 doses of vaccine given at 0, 1, 2, and 12 ... Polio vaccine: Polio vaccine is recommended for travelers to countries with evidence of wild poliovirus (WPV) or vaccine- ... typhoid vaccine will temporarily stop making and selling this vaccine. The vaccine may be in limited supply or unavailable. If ... Rotavirus vaccine is unique among the routine vaccines given to US infants because it has maximum ages for the first and last ...

https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2020/family-travel/vaccine-recommendations-for-infants-and-children

Use your smartphone to report any side effects after getting any vaccine dose to v-safe. ... Vaccine Safety Monitoringplus icon *Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS). *CISAplus icon *CISA Resources for ... V-safe for COVID-19 Vaccines Data. You can view v-safe for COVID-19 vaccines public data here: v-safe , Data , Centers for ... Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD)plus icon *Accessing Data from Vaccine Safety Datalink ...

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Age-appropriate mRNA COVID-19 vaccines are preferred over the Janssen COVID-19 Vaccine for all vaccine doses for all vaccine- ... Globally, 12 vaccines are approved for full use, 21 vaccines are authorized for early or limited use, and 42 vaccines are in ... for Janssen vaccine products. [3] During this same time period, the Novavax vaccine showed 90.4% efficacy. [4] Vaccine efficacy ... Noninjectable Vaccine. Comments. hAd5 T-cell (ImmunityBio and NantKwest) [82] Vaccine targets inner nucleocapsid (N) and outer ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2500139-overview?&src=WNL_mdplsnews_YYMMDD_mscpedit_infd&uac=&spon=3&impID=2947343&faf=1&

This is the CBER Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee September 17, 2021 Meeting Announcement. ... Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee September 17, 2021 Meeting Voting Question 1. pdf (39.41 KB) FDA. ... Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee September 17, 2021 Meeting Draft Agenda. pdf (81.32 KB) FDA. ... Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee September 17, 2021 Meeting Draft Roster. pdf (174.95 KB) FDA. ...

https://www.fda.gov/advisory-committees/advisory-committee-calendar/vaccines-and-related-biological-products-advisory-committee-september-17-2021-meeting-announcement

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Vaccines, Live, Viral. Class Summary. Vaccinia vaccine promotes active immunity against the smallpox virus by inducing specific ... Another vaccine (smallpox [vaccinia] and monkeypox vaccine, live, nonreplicating [Jynneos]) has also been approved by the FDA ... Defending against smallpox: a focus on vaccines. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2016 Sep. 15 (9):1197-211. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full ... Vaccine is derived from a vaccinia virus, a virus that is closely related to, but less harmful than, variola or monkeypox ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/226239-medication

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The city loosened the residency requirement and expanded those eligible to receive the monkeypox vaccine in a bid to get more ... Department of Health program can receive the vaccine as long as they meet one of the other criteria. The vaccine was previously ... The District has more cases - 321 as of Friday - than any state, but has seen a decline in demand for the vaccine, which Ashley ... Instead of specifying the behavior that qualifies individuals for vaccine, they will only have to attest that they meet one of ...

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How the Covid-19 Vaccines Work. *Symptoms of Covid-19. *What Happens in an Infection ...

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https://www2a.cdc.gov/nip/isd/ycts/mod1/courses/vfc/

Learn how the Novavax COVID-19 vaccine works, how safe and effective it is, and who can get it when. ... COVID-19 Vaccines: Stay up to date on which vaccines are available, who can get them, and how safe they are. ... Early vaccine trial results published by Novavax revealed a strong antibody response to the vaccine in animals. By August 2020 ... NVX-CoV2373 vaccine protects cynomolgus macaque upper and lower airways against SARS-CoV-2 challenge.Vaccine. 2020;38(50):7892- ...

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Vaxxers: The Inside Story of the Oxford AstraZeneca Vaccine and the Race Against the Virus Sarah Gilbert & Catherine Green ... The COVID vaccine makers tell all. A book from the Oxford-AstraZeneca team, and a documentary, go behind the scenes in the race ... The Vaccine Directors: Catherine Gale & Caleb Hellerman Wingspan (2021). Last August, biologist Catherine Green was camping ... The book, along with The Vaccine - a documentary commissioned by the BBC and CNN Films - offers a welcome glimpse inside the ...

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... the water we drink and the medicines and vaccines that treat and protect us. The Organization aims to provide every child, ... A vaccine is a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease. ... Investment case for vaccine-preventable diseases surveillance in the African Region 2020-2030. The investment case for vaccine- ... A vaccine is a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease. A vaccine typically contains an agent ...

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The recommended childhood and adolescent immunization schedule is available at www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules/hcp/imz/child-adolescent.html . (cdc.gov)
The immunization schedules for infants and children in the United States do not provide specific guidelines for those traveling internationally before the age when specific vaccines are routinely recommended. (cdc.gov)
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) are likely to add the COVID-19 vaccine to the immunization schedule for children and adolescents. (reason.com)
This means that adding the COVID-19 vaccine to the childhood immunization schedule will create a tremendous incentive for blue states to require it for public school children. (reason.com)
Parents who are disinclined to give their children the COVID-19 vaccine might start to wonder whether the other vaccines on the childhood immunization schedule are similarly unnecessary-which could have dire results for public health. (reason.com)
The J&J vaccine is only one dose, compared to the vaccines developed by Moderna and Pfizer - which require two doses for full immunization. (fox5atlanta.com)
On Sunday, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) also voted to recommend J&J's vaccine for emergency use for individuals ages 18 and older. (fox5atlanta.com)
A vaccine, or immunization, schedule lists which vaccines are recommended for different groups of people. (medlineplus.gov)
WHO Global Programme for Vaccines and Immunization. (who.int)
The continued public health impact of JE in the region has led to efforts in Thailand and more recently in Vietnam to implement programs of childhood immunization and vaccine production. (cdc.gov)
For additional information about vaccine storage during a power outage, see the guidance provided by the CDC National Immunization Program at www.cdc.gov/nip/news/poweroutage.htm or contac t your state or local health department. (cdc.gov)
Research and development of new vaccines has the potential to contribute to better immunization programmes and to reduce further childhood mortality in line with the Health related Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). (who.int)
It covers some of the historical and theoretical background on immunization and offers details on the use of twelve common vaccines administered in the U.S.A. The instructional method is evocative, relying on the learner to make logical (or sometimes intuitive) choices based on their background in basic immunology and human development. (merlot.org)
The FDA announced late Thursday that it would issue an emergency use authorization (EUA) for Moderna's COVID vaccine, bringing our immunization arsenal to a total of two. (lifehacker.com)
The US childhood immunization schedule specifies 26 vaccine doses for infants aged less than 1 year--the most in the world--yet 33 nations have lower IMRs. (sott.net)
Since 1997, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) has recommended the routine vaccination of pregnant women with trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) after the first trimester of pregnancy. (sott.net)
In fact, when it comes to immunization, "plant-based" simply means researchers recruited plants to produce part of the vaccine, Brian Ward, MD , Medical Officer at Medicago, said. (health.com)
As of Jan. 21, more than 15,000 pregnant patients had received an mRNA vaccine," said retired Navy Capt. (Dr.) Margaret Ryan, medical director, Defense Health Agency Immunization Division, Pacific Region Vaccine Safety Hub, San Diego. (health.mil)
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has licensed ACAM2000® , (Smallpox [Vaccinia] Vaccine, Live), a replication-competent vaccine, for active immunization against smallpox disease in persons determined to be at high risk for smallpox infection. (cdc.gov)
In October 2014, the FDA approved the first vaccine for active immunization to prevent invasive meningococcal disease caused by N meningitidis serogroup B in individuals aged 10 through 25 years. (medscape.com)
The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is used on a large scale in immunization programs in more than 58 countries, with resultant efficacy and safety for precursor lesions of cervical cancer, in addition to anogenital lesions. (bvsalud.org)

The benefits of receiving a COVID-19 vaccine outweigh any potential risks of vaccination during pregnancy. (cdc.gov)
Vaccines and high rates of vaccination have made these diseases much less common in the United States. (cdc.gov)
The World Health Organization issued temporary vaccination recommendations for residents of and long-term visitors to countries with active circulation of wild or vaccine-derived poliovirus. (cdc.gov)
Interactive tools for determining routine and catch-up childhood vaccination are available at www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules/hcp/child-adolescent.html . (cdc.gov)
V-safe users or others who get vaccinated can report any possible health problems or adverse events following vaccination to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) . (cdc.gov)
CDC is developing a new version of v-safe , launching later this year, which will allow users to share their post-vaccination experiences with new vaccines. (cdc.gov)
Completing health check-ins and sharing how you feel, even if you don't experience side effects after vaccination, helps CDC's vaccine safety monitoring efforts. (cdc.gov)
Among adults aged 75 years and older, effectiveness of full vaccination is estimated at 91% for Pfizer-BioNTech, 96% for Moderna, and 85% for Janssen vaccine products. (medscape.com)
But it can also mean the same thing as vaccination, which is getting a vaccine to become protected against a disease. (medlineplus.gov)
Children with autism, and their younger siblings, have lower vaccination rates than other children, placing them at risk for vaccine-preventable disease. (medscape.com)
Learn more about vaccination for youth at kingcounty.gov/vaccine/youth . (kingcounty.gov)
Enter your zip code in Washington's Vaccine Locator tool or check our Getting Vaccinated page to find a vaccination site near you. (kingcounty.gov)
While this is the first time we've seen international-scale vaccination programs, adenovirus vaccines are not new. (cosmosmagazine.com)
Significant clustering within the first week after vaccination, especially after dose 2, provides additional evidence of an association between mRNA vaccines and myocarditis/pericarditis in younger individuals," the researchers wrote, referring to earlier studies that have shown a small increased risk. (umn.edu)
In this interim analysis of surveillance data from 6.2 million people who received 11.8 million doses of an mRNA vaccine, event rates for 23 serious health outcomes weren't significantly higher for individuals one to 21 days after vaccination compared with similar individuals at 22 to 42 days after vaccination," the researchers wrote. (umn.edu)
Zients said that as of Friday, 100 million Americans had either received their second vaccination shot of either Pfizer or Moderna's vaccines or a single shot of the Johnson & Johnson vaccine. (10news.com)
A new documentary, "Vaccination From The Misinformation Virus," looks to address the effectiveness of vaccines and why some are hesitant to take them. (kunm.org)
We had worked on a project on childhood obesity and an infectious disease doctor at University of Mexico Hospital, Dr. Walter Dehority, took me to lunch and said, 'You know, our vaccination rates are down all over the country childhood vaccinations, in particular, flu vaccines, shingles vaccines. (kunm.org)
Today, the rest of the study covering neurological symptoms following vaccination and a history of vaccines demonstrating little benefit is reviewed. (organicconsumers.org)
The deaths of 19 infants of SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome) shortly after vaccination with two hexavalent vaccines were described in a paper. (organicconsumers.org)
Those authors suggested that, though it hadn't been proven that vaccines had caused their deaths, "it is a signal that brings to attention the need to monitor the course of vaccination and its complications. (organicconsumers.org)
Converted spaces, like empty stadiums, airplane hangars and deserted malls have served as vaccination hubs during the United States vaccine rollout. (go.com)
People wait in line to receive the COVID-19 vaccine at a mass vaccination site in a parking lot for Disneyland Resort on Jan. 13, 2021, in Anaheim, Calif. (go.com)
Louis Pasteur generalized Jenner's idea by developing what he called a rabies vaccine (now termed an antitoxin), and in the 19th century compulsory vaccination laws were passed. (news-medical.net)
These children can still safely receive the vaccine in community vaccination clinics, GP clinics or from other immunisation providers. (rch.org.au)
Washington residents get their coronavirus vaccines through Swedish's mobile vaccination clinic set up in Federal Way. (seattlepi.com)
Chen stressed that the government will make sure the vaccine is safe to use before allowing Taiwanese people to be vaccinated after reports of blood clots forming among some people who had received the inoculation, leading 13 European countries to pause their vaccination programs. (globalsecurity.org)
Evidence that vaccination increases the risk of invasive cancer can be rapid, if the vaccine changes the natural history of cancer by accelerating it. (greenmedinfo.com)
In Germany, health minister Karl Lauterbach said that inoculations with the new vaccines could start next week and that "now is the optimal time to close vaccination gaps for the fall. (medicalxpress.com)
As a replication-deficient vaccine, it can be used for vaccination of people 18 years and older with certain immune deficiencies or conditions, such as HIV or atopic dermatitis. (cdc.gov)
The CDC updated COVID-19 vaccine recommendations for vaccination in April 2023 to simplify and allow flexibility for people at higher risk. (medscape.com)
Initial data with showed effectiveness of full vaccination with monoclonal vaccines in older adults to prevent hospitalization was estimated for the period between February through April 2021. (medscape.com)
After the introduction of quadrivalent HPV vaccine (6,11,16 and 18) in Brazil in 2014, monitoring the vaccination coverage and the development of HPV prevalence incidence of cervical abnormalities and precancerous lesions must be observed, as well as morbidity and mortality trends from in situ and invasive cancer. (bvsalud.org)

The White House announced that vaccines will be required for international travelers coming into the United States, with an effective date of November 8, 2021. (cdc.gov)
A worker speaks with people waiting to get their coronavirus vaccine shot at the Washington Heights Armory, Jan. 26, 2021. (thecity.nyc)
Novavax announced on June 14, 2021, that the vaccine was 90.4% effective in a preliminary analysis of data from its Phase 3 trial in the U.S. and Mexico. (verywellhealth.com)
Pharmaceutical company AstraZeneca of Cambridge, UK, aims to produce three billion doses of this vaccine for distribution around the world by the end of 2021, significantly protecting people from severe disease and death. (nature.com)
A member of staff at the university hospital prepares the Moderna vaccine against COVID-19 in Duesseldorf, Monday, Jan. 18, 2021. (bostonherald.com)
Nurse Lisa Wheeler administers a dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine to Cristina Montins, 40, at Ellis Davis Fieldhouse, a Parkland Hospital testing and vaccine location, in Dallas on Wednesday, March 3, 2021. (dallasnews.com)
Researchers from Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center led the study, which consisted of analyzing vaccine surveillance data from the Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) on 6.2 million vaccinated members of eight US health plans from Dec 14, 2020, to Jun 26, 2021. (umn.edu)
A food court is set up as an observation area, where people who have received the vaccine can be monitored before leaving, at Fenway Park in Boston, Mass. on Jan. 29, 2021. (go.com)
Stephanie Birman, right, a Seattle Sounders season ticket holder, gets the Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 vaccine at a clinic in a concourse at Lumen Field, May 2, 2021, prior to an MLS soccer match between the Sounders and the Los Angeles Galaxy. (go.com)
Rene Urey an LAUSD special education assistant gets his COVID-19 vaccine aboard a school bus that transported him to the SoFi Stadium in Inglewood, Calif. on March 1, 2021. (go.com)
LONDON - Some of the world's wealthiest countries are promising to share coronavirus vaccines with the poorest, but details of when and how many remain scarce as leaders of the Group of Seven economic powers hold their first meeting of 2021 on Friday. (therepublic.com)
Navy Hospitalman Gabriel Cabral, assigned to Naval Medical Center San Diego, from Maryland, administers first-round of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine sailors and select Department of Defense support staff onboard Naval Air Facility EL Centro, California on March 4, 2021 (Photo by: Navy Petty Officer 3rd Class Drew Verbis, Navy Operational Support Center - Phoenix). (health.mil)
Sailors and select Department of Defense support staff began receiving the first-round of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine onboard Naval Air Facility EL Centro in California, March 4, 2021. (health.mil)
FRIDAY, Jan. 15, 2021 (HealthDay News) -- Now that federal guidelines have expanded COVID-19 vaccine eligibility to include people over 65 and those of all ages with underlying health conditions, drug stores say they are ready, willing and able to start giving the shots. (webmd.com)
Effectiveness of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines in Preventing COVID-19-Associated Outpatient Visits and Hospitalizations Among American Indian and Alaska Native Persons, January-November 2021: A Test-Negative Case-Control Analysis Using Surveillance Data. (cdc.gov)
Vaccine effectiveness against transmission of alpha, delta and omicron SARS-COV-2-infection, Belgian contact tracing, 2021-2022. (cdc.gov)

Everyone aged 5 (on or before 31 August 2022) and over can get a 1st and 2nd dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. (www.nhs.uk)
[ 1 ] As of August 31, 2022, The New York Times Coronavirus Vaccine Tracker lists 2 mRNA vaccines (Comirnaty by Pfizer and Spikevax by Moderna) that have gained full approval by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (medscape.com)
Because of this, new bivalent mRNA vaccine boosters were authorized in Fall 2022 containing omicron BA.4/BA.5 components. (medscape.com)
On August 19, 2022, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authorized the Novavax COVID-19 Vaccine, Adjuvanted for emergency use in individuals ages 12 and older. (verywellhealth.com)
BP profits hit record £23BILLION in 2022 while en. (davidicke.com)
The NVI and World Health Organization (WHO) co-organized the "10th National Vaccine Conference" during March 16-18, 2022, under the theme "Vaccines: Tools for Sustainable Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases" in an online format to update on academic progress, communicate the direction of national vaccine development, and encourage knowledge and experience exchange. (bangkokpost.com)
This two-dose COVID-19 vaccine is the first plant-based vaccine authorized for use in humans, according to this study from June 2022 in The New England Journal of Medicine . (health.com)
Medicago's vaccine method is different-it starts by introducing the genetic code for making the spike protein into plants, not humans, according to the June 2022 study in The New England Journal of Medicine . (health.com)
Globally, at least 12 vaccines are approved for full use, more than 20 vaccines are authorized for early or limited use, and as of Fall 2022, 42 vaccines were in phase 3 clinical trials. (medscape.com)
Taking into account diminished VE, new bivalent mRNA vaccine boosters were authorized in Fall 2022 containing Omicron BA.4/BA.5 components. (medscape.com)

V-safe was developed specifically for COVID-19 vaccines and has been an essential component of the pandemic vaccine safety monitoring systems that have successfully and comprehensively characterized the safety of the COVID-19 vaccines used in the United States. (cdc.gov)
CDC Director Dr. Rochelle Walensky called the decision 'another milestone toward an end to the pandemic' and said the vaccine is 'another important tool in our toolbox to equitably vaccinate as many people as possible, as quickly as possible. (fox5atlanta.com)
The book, along with The Vaccine - a documentary commissioned by the BBC and CNN Films - offers a welcome glimpse inside the race to develop COVID-19 vaccines in the middle of a raging pandemic. (nature.com)
We are not working with or through third parties for vaccine access during the current emergency pandemic period,' it said in a statement to Reuters. (reuters.com)
This was nothing like anti-vaccine rhetoric, but rather a sound warning drawn from experience: Trump has muzzled, suppressed and sidelined scientific experts at every stage of the pandemic. (latimes.com)
Tedros, an Ethiopian who goes by his first name, nonetheless hailed the scientific achievement behind rolling out coronavirus vaccines less than a year after the pandemic erupted in China, where a WHO-backed team has now been deployed to look into origins of the coronavirus. (bostonherald.com)
Attitudes about the COVID pandemic and the vaccines also affect who gets the shots. (dallasnews.com)
For over two years of Covid-19 pandemic, the National Vaccine Institute (NVI) has formulated many approaches and committed to disseminating accurate and reliable information for the general public. (bangkokpost.com)
Prof. Emeritus Piyasakol Sakolsatayadorn, M.D., Chairman of Mahidol University Council, gave a special keynote speech on "Vaccine Preparedness and Management in Thailand during the Covid-19 Pandemic," saying: "Covid-19 won't be the last pandemic. (bangkokpost.com)
A comparison of fetal-loss reports in the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) during three consecutive influenza seasons shows there was a synergistic toxicity causing spontaneous abortions (SAB) and stiillbirths (SB) following the Center for Disease Control (CDC) recommendations of pandemic and influenza vaccines administered to pregnant women. (sott.net)
Goldman's most recent study Comparison of VAERS fetal-loss reports during three consecutive influenza seasons successfully correlated fetal toxicity resulting from the administration of both the pandemic (A-H1N1) and seasonal influenza vaccines during the 2009/10 season. (sott.net)
The safety and effectiveness of the pandemic (monovalent influenza) A-H1N1 vaccine had not been previously established in pregnant women. (sott.net)
Unlike its predecessors, the new vaccine may work for life, and it may be possible to manufacture it quickly enough to stop a pandemic. (nextbigfuture.com)
Influenza vaccines based on mRNA may offer a solution as sequence-matched, clinical-grade material could be produced reliably and rapidly in a scalable process, allowing quick response to the emergence of pandemic strains. (nextbigfuture.com)
More related news stories about injuries and deaths caused by Wuhan coronavirus (Covid-19) vaccines can be found at Pandemic.news . (naturalnews.com)
The COVID-19 vaccines are unprecedented feats of science, but some of the most powerful tools for defeating the pandemic have been right in front of us all along. (theatlantic.com)
Scientists hope the new boosters will trigger a strong response from the immune system to prevent not just serious illness but perhaps milder infections also-much like the original vaccines did earlier in the pandemic, before super-contagious mutants emerged. (medicalxpress.com)

Recommended age limitations are based on potential adverse events (yellow fever vaccine), lack of efficacy data or inadequate immune response (polysaccharide vaccines and influenza vaccine), maternal antibody interference and immaturity of the immune system (measles-mumps-rubella [MMR] vaccine), or lack of safety data. (cdc.gov)
Since influenza viruses may be circulating at any time of the year, travelers aged ≥6 months who were not vaccinated during the influenza season of their country of residence should be vaccinated ≥2 weeks before departure if vaccine is available. (cdc.gov)
New Adjuvanted Flu Vaccine: No Concerns About Narcolepsy A new influenza vaccine adjuvanted with squalene may prompt questions about narcolepsy. (medscape.com)
The results build on previous success in animal studies with a nasal nanoemulsion vaccine for influenza, reported by University of Michigan researchers in 2003. (eurekalert.org)
In 2011, Dr. Alessandro Bertoucci who analyzed the practices of 256 physicians treating more than 600,000 patients, reported that a staggering 91% of pregnant women are declining influenza vaccines due to fears of miscarriage and suspected toxins in the vaccine itself. (sott.net)
Many of these studies, used "no Thimerosal" influenza vaccines, had insufficient statistical power to adequately detect and assess complications due to the small sample size. (sott.net)
Nor was the combination of two different influenza vaccines ever tested in pregnant women. (sott.net)
An independent survey was conducted by the National Coalition of Organized Women (NCOW) via the Internet to serve as a second surveillance source for pregnant women suffering A-H1N1 fetal loss during the two-vaccine 2009/10 influenza season. (sott.net)
ABSTRACT - Despite substantial improvements, influenza vaccine production-and availability-remain suboptimal. (nextbigfuture.com)
Here we show that mRNA vaccines induce balanced, long-lived and protective immunity to influenza A virus infections in even very young and very old mice and that the vaccine remains protective upon thermal stress. (nextbigfuture.com)
In ferrets and pigs, mRNA vaccines induce immunological correlates of protection and protective effects similar to those of a licensed influenza vaccine in pigs. (nextbigfuture.com)
Thus, mRNA vaccines could address substantial medical need in the area of influenza prophylaxis and the broader realm of anti-infective vaccinology. (nextbigfuture.com)
If your child has a chronic medical condition, it is strongly recommended that they have an annual influenza vaccine. (rch.org.au)
How is the influenza vaccine given? (rch.org.au)
When should I give the influenza vaccine? (rch.org.au)
Influenza viruses change every year, so a new flu vaccine is developed annually to protect against the most common strains expected to be seen that year. (rch.org.au)
The flu vaccine cannot cause influenza. (rch.org.au)
The distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine follows protocols established by prior influenza vaccine seasons. (health.mil)

Sister Elaine Maguire traveled to the Washington Heights Armory from Leonia, N.J., to get her first coronavirus vaccine shot. (thecity.nyc)
The first patient enrolled in Pfizer's COVID-19 coronavirus vaccine clinical trial at the University of Maryland School of Medicine in Baltimore on May 4, 2020. (newsday.com)
ABC15 received an inside look at one of the first Valley health clinics approved to distribute a potential coronavirus vaccine. (abc15.com)

On May 19, 2023, CDC will close enrollment in v-safe for COVID-19 vaccines. (cdc.gov)
Rapid Review Quiz: Unusual Vaccine News - Medscape - Feb 13, 2023. (medscape.com)
As of March 21, 2023, enrollment in v-safe for mpox vaccine has closed. (cdc.gov)
Most people aged ≥ 6 years who are not moderately or severely immunocompromised and have received 1 dose of a bivalent mRNA vaccine (from either Moderna or Pfizer ) do not need any further vaccine doses as of April 2023. (medscape.com)

The J&J vaccine also is easier to handle, lasting three months in the refrigerator compared to the Pfizer and Moderna options, which must be frozen. (fox5atlanta.com)
Meanwhile, state officials have a lot to do to make sure they can distribute the vaccines to all corners of the state, keep track of who gets what, and convince New Yorkers of all ages that the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines, each of which requires two doses weeks apart, are safe and effective. (newsday.com)
How does Johnson & Johnson's COVID-19 vaccine stack up against shots from Pfizer and Moderna? (businessinsider.com)
At first glance, the vaccine doesn't appear to be as stellar as FDA authorized vaccines from Pfizer and Moderna, but it does have a few perks. (businessinsider.com)
The technology behind the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines is mRNA. (vcuhealth.org)
The COVID-19 vaccines made by Pfizer and Moderna are mRNA vaccines. (health.mil)

Data on the safety of receiving an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (Moderna or Pfizer-BioNTech), before and during pregnancy are reassuring. (cdc.gov)
Most people will be offered a booster dose of the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine or Moderna vaccine. (www.nhs.uk)
The committee will meet in open session to discuss the Pfizer-BioNTech supplemental Biologics License Application for COMIRNATY for administration of a third dose, or "booster" dose, of the COVID-19 vaccine, in individuals 16 years of age and older. (fda.gov)
TAIPEI, June 1 (Reuters) - Foxconn (2317.TW) and its billionaire founder Terry Gou sought permission from Taiwan's government on Tuesday to buy COVID-19 vaccines from Germany's BioNTech SE (22UAy.DE) after the island was hit with a rise in infections. (reuters.com)
Shanghai Fosun Pharmaceutical Group Co Ltd (600196.SS) has a contract with BioNTech to sell the vaccines in Greater China, including to Taiwan, but Taiwan's government says it has and will only deal with BioNTech in Germany and that it does not trust vaccines from China. (reuters.com)
China's Taiwan Affairs Office, in a statement to Reuters, reiterated that it was Fosun's commercial right to sell the BioNTech vaccine to Taiwan and that China's government was coordinating with 'relevant parties' on the island to talk to Fosun. (reuters.com)
Of 6.2 million participants, 57% received the Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine, and the remainder received Moderna. (umn.edu)
The Moderna vaccine joins the Pfizer / BioNTech shot as the second licensed vaccine against the coronavirus in the United States. (theverge.com)
Pfizer and BioNTech have won permission for emergency use of their COVID-19 vaccine in Britain. (newsday.com)
Through a partnership with Walgreens, Hermitage was able to administer the Pfizer BioNTech vaccine to 86 assisted living residents, 17 health care center residents and 89 staff members - or around 95% of residents and 85% of staff. (alextimes.com)
This vaccine is similar to the Pfizer/BioNTech one that got an EUA last week. (lifehacker.com)
Left: Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine, right: Moderna vaccine. (lifehacker.com)
The Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine needs to stay ultra-cold, so it's being distributed in thermos-like packages that each contain 975 doses. (lifehacker.com)
Others, like the Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna vaccines, carry a genetic code for the spike protein, which our bodies then make and destroy, kind of like a practice run, according to the CDC. (health.com)
Vials of the Pfizer-BioNTech Covid-19 vaccine. (businessinsider.com)
Moderna and Pfizer/BioNTech have advanced their vaccines to the final round of testing, which involves about 30,000 patients each. (voanews.com)
The European Medicines Agency has recommended the authorization of two coronavirus vaccines made by Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna Inc., tweaked to include protection against an early version of the omicron variant. (medicalxpress.com)
The regulator is also currently reviewing an updated version of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine that aims to protect against the later BA.4 and BA.5 omicron variants. (medicalxpress.com)
It provides the number of bivalent mRNA vaccine doses an individual needs based on COVID-19 vaccine doses previously received, including the number of prior doses, whether the doses were monovalent or bivalent, and the vaccine manufacturer (Moderna, Novavax, or Pfizer-BioNTech). (medscape.com)

Cancer vaccines have indeed been developed, and the strategies employed are varied and mimic the approaches used for developing vaccines against infectious pathogens. (nature.com)
The perspective notes that once a vaccine platform is established, such as that for DNA or mRNA vaccines, potentially it can be applied to multiple pathogens, especially within virus classes or families. (nih.gov)
[ 18 ] Similarly, scientists are working to develop vaccines to treat rabies and other veterinary-related pathogens. (medscape.com)
The Pentagon's efforts at speedier responses to infectious diseases is getting turbocharged, as researchers at Arizona State University kick off a program to develop vaccines that can inoculate against unknown pathogens - and do it within a week. (wired.com)
The British government said Johnson will ask U.K. Chief Scientific Adviser Patrick Vallance to work with the World Health Organization and others on "speeding up the process for developing vaccines, treatments and tests for common pathogens. (therepublic.com)
This article focuses on antigen-encoding RNA-based vaccines that are either directed against tumors or pathogens. (nih.gov)

And in mid-July, the U.S. sent half a million doses of the Moderna vaccine through COVAX to the Caribbean nation. (wypr.org)
In total, Taiwan has signed contracts to purchase a total of 10 million doses of the AstraZeneca vaccine, 5.05 million doses of the Moderna vaccine and 4.76 million doses of vaccines through the COVAX allocation program. (globalsecurity.org)

Vaccine hesitancy is often cited as the main reason. (kunm.org)
Although not addressed in the new AAP statement, the issue of vaccine hesitancy is relevant. (healthline.com)
Nonetheless, vaccine hesitancy is on the rise. (healthline.com)

Two leading vaccines Moderna and Pfizer are required to be stored at subzero temperatures. (abc15.com)

Gardasil, the trade name of a human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protects against. (britannica.com)
Dr. Donald Brown inoculates 14-year-old Kelly Kent with Gardiasil, a new vaccine for the human papillomavirus (HPV),which can cause cervical cancer. (livescience.com)

Historically, the notion of immunizing humans against infections actually preceded the development of the germ theory and the discovery of the first scientific vaccine (against smallpox) in the year 1796 by Edward Jenner. (merlot.org)
300 million died of smallpox, they found a vaccine, and we have wiped out smallpox. (kunm.org)
We used whole virus in the smallpox vaccine. (eurekalert.org)
The smallpox results, which appear in the February issue of Clinical Vaccine Immunology, could lead to an effective human vaccine against smallpox that is safer than the present live-vaccinia virus vaccine because it would use nanoemulsion-killed vaccinia virus, says Baker. (eurekalert.org)
If the federal government conducts further studies and finds the nanoemulsion smallpox vaccine effective in people, it could be a safer way to protect citizens and health care workers in the event of a bioterrorism attack involving smallpox, Baker says. (eurekalert.org)
On the eve of the Iraq War, the Bush administration proposed a voluntary program to vaccinate military personnel and 500,000 health care workers with the existing vaccine to prepare for the possible use of smallpox virus as a biological weapon. (eurekalert.org)
The first vaccine developed was against smallpox by Edward Jenner, English "country" physician, in Berkeley. (news-medical.net)
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Drug Services provides smallpox vaccine to these recommended individuals as needed. (cdc.gov)
ACAM2000® and JYNNEOS TM (also known as Imvamune or Imvanex) are the only two licensed smallpox vaccines in the United States. (cdc.gov)
Aventis Pasteur Smallpox Vaccine (APSV) is an investigational vaccine that may be used in a smallpox emergency under the appropriate regulatory mechanism (i.e. (cdc.gov)
The vaccine does not contain variola virus and cannot cause smallpox. (cdc.gov)
Replication-competent smallpox vaccine consists of a live, infectious vaccinia virus that can be transmitted from the vaccine recipient to unvaccinated persons who have close contact with the inoculation site, or with exudate from the site. (cdc.gov)
The FDA has licensed JYNNEOS TM (also known by the brand names Imvamune and Imvanex), a replication-deficient smallpox vaccine, for the prevention of smallpox and monkeypox. (cdc.gov)

Ask an Infectious Disease Expert: Will COVID-19 Vaccines Work Against New Variants? (verywellhealth.com)
Vaccines have proven to be the most cost effective public health tool in the fight against infectious diseases. (who.int)
Improvements in scientific knowledge and development of new technologies have accelerated vaccine development and resulted in the testing of new vaccines against common infectious diseases. (who.int)
Novel vaccine technologies are critical to improving the public health response to infectious disease threats that continually emerge and re-emerge, according to scientists at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), part of the National Institutes of Health. (nih.gov)
The perspective concludes that modern vaccine technology and improved surveillance in developing countries ultimately can help us better prepare for emerging infectious disease threats. (nih.gov)
DNA vaccines designed to target infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) are effective at protecting salmon and rainbow trout from this often fatal blight. (medscape.com)
Melanie Saville, M.D., Executive Director of Vaccine Research and Development, Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI), shared about CEPI's efforts to grow its vaccine research and development portfolio: "Our goal is to accelerate the development of vaccines against emerging infectious diseases and enable equitable access to these vaccines for people during outbreaks. (bangkokpost.com)
New Scientist - In a first for any infectious disease, a vaccine against flu has been made out of messenger RNA (mRNA) - the genetic material that controls the production of proteins. (nextbigfuture.com)
Amazingly, mRNA vaccines have never been really tested against infectious diseases," says Stitz. (nextbigfuture.com)
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Office of Infectious Disease and HIV/AIDS Policy (OIDP) also support ongoing research on vaccines and vaccine safety. (hhs.gov)
Interestingly, depending on whether RNA-based vaccines are directed against tumors or infectious disease, they are formally considered gene therapy products or not, respectively. (nih.gov)
Many who are pregnant are health care providers who said the risk of getting COVID-19 from their patients was worse than that from getting the vaccine," said Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases at the National Institutes of Health. (health.mil)

Globally, 12 vaccines are approved for full use, 21 vaccines are authorized for early or limited use, and 42 vaccines are in phase 3 clinical trials. (medscape.com)
By summer 2020, early clinical trials showed that the vaccine appeared to be safe, and more advanced trials entered the planning stage in the United States and other countries. (verywellhealth.com)
The company also announced that the vaccine was 60% effective in a Phase 2b clinical trial in South Africa and included protection from the South African variant B.1.351, also called the Beta variant. (verywellhealth.com)
She runs a clinical biomanufacturing facility at the University of Oxford, UK, and is part of a team that had developed a COVID-19 vaccine that was in clinical trials at the time. (nature.com)
Although I have reported on many aspects of COVID-19 vaccine development over the past year, I was surprised to learn the extent to which they had to gamble in those early days, without knowing if funding would come through - and that the vials of vaccine used in the first clinical trials were filled by hand at Oxford's facility. (nature.com)
More clinical trials are increasingly being planned for Africa to evaluate efficacy and safety of candidate vaccines. (who.int)
Building capacity for scientifically valid and ethically acceptable clinical trials of vaccines in Africa. (who.int)
Providing guidelines and standards for vaccine clinical trials in Africa. (who.int)
Sustaining and/or building partnerships for vaccine research and development in order to conduct vaccine clinical trials and accelerate the introduction of new vaccines in Africa. (who.int)
It's now well over a year since tens of thousands of recipients received their vaccine in the first round of clinical trials, and over six months since the global rollout started. (cosmosmagazine.com)
The full approval is based on clinical trial data from nearly 30,000 people, which showed the vaccine was safe and effective protection against COVID-19. (theverge.com)
[ 20 , 21 ] While it is unlikely that any one single strategy will suddenly cure cancer, the small victories which have already been achieved with DNA vaccines have made advocates of gene therapy eager to press forward in developing this powerful clinical tool. (medscape.com)
During a clinical trial, a vaccine is tested on people who volunteer to get vaccinated. (hhs.gov)
CISA does clinical vaccine safety research and-at the request of providers-evaluates complex cases of possible vaccine side effects in specific patients. (hhs.gov)
Besides an overview on the current clinical use of mRNA vaccines in various therapeutic areas a detailed discussion of the current regulatory situation is provided and regulatory perspectives are discussed. (nih.gov)
It takes time to enlist the tens of thousands of people needed to do a proper clinical trial, said Paul Offit, director of the Vaccine Education Center at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. (voanews.com)
Pregnant people are entering clinical trials for COVID-19 vaccines "literally now and going into March, so more data will be known soon," Dr. Anthony Fauci, President Joe Biden's chief medical adviser on COVID-19, told a Blue Star Families virtual town hall Feb. 4. (health.mil)

Two others, a viral vector vaccine (Janssen) and an adjuvanted protein subunit vaccine (Novavax), have emergency use approval (EUA) in the United States. (medscape.com)
Viral vector vaccines use genetic material, which gives your cells instructions for making a protein of the germ. (medlineplus.gov)
Historically, vaccines against viral diseases have used live-attenuated (weakened) viruses or inactivated whole viruses to induce protective immune responses. (nih.gov)
Novel vaccine technologies: essential components of an adequate response to emerging viral diseases. (nih.gov)
The researchers point out that DNA is not only cheap to produce, it also doesn't require refrigeration, unlike other viral vaccines. (newscientist.com)
This vaccine format elicits B and T cell-dependent protection and targets multiple antigens, including the highly conserved viral nucleoprotein, indicating its usefulness as a cross-protective vaccine. (nextbigfuture.com)
Viral vaccines are used globally to protect humans against infections. (vaisala.com)
Several veterinary vaccines using this technique are on the market, including immunizations against West Nile virus in horses, melanoma in dogs and a viral disease in salmon. (voanews.com)

The company began a Phase 3 trial of its vaccine candidate, NVX‑CoV2373, in the United Kingdom in September 2020. (verywellhealth.com)
Novavax has for years worked on developing its recombinant nanoparticle technology, and created the first COVID-19 vaccine using this method in the spring of 2020. (verywellhealth.com)
Soon after news of SARS-CoV-2 arrives in early January 2020, Gilbert and Green decide that COVID-19 could be Disease X. They risk their reputations and a substantial amount of Oxford's money to prepare a vaccine, even before the need becomes clear. (nature.com)
As they do with all vaccines and drugs, AstraZeneca and Pfizer completed trials in populations around the world throughout 2020. (cosmosmagazine.com)
We calculate that the number of travellers to TD risk regions was 88 million in 2003 and may reach 190 million per annum by 2020, suggesting that a significant potential market exists for a TD vaccine. (pharmiweb.com)
FILE - A nurse prepares a shot as the world's biggest study of a possible COVID-19 vaccine, developed by the National Institutes of Health and Moderna Inc., gets under way in Binghamton, N.Y., July 27, 2020. (voanews.com)
FILE - Wade Bardo of Erin, N.Y., gets an injection as a study of a possible COVID-19 vaccine gets under way in Binghamton, N.Y., July 27, 2020. (voanews.com)
FILE - A poster advertises a hunt for volunteers for a study of a possible COVID-19 vaccine, in Binghamton, N.Y., July 27, 2020. (voanews.com)

2. What information do people need to know about a COVID vaccine? (surveymonkey.com)
3. What would make it more likely that you would get a COVID vaccine? (surveymonkey.com)
4. What agencies do you trust to give accurate information about a COVID vaccine? (surveymonkey.com)
5. Who do you trust in your community to give advice or guidance about a COVID vaccine? (surveymonkey.com)
What Will It Feel Like to Get a COVID Vaccine? (lifehacker.com)

Nearly 4 million doses of the newly approved Johnson & Johnson vaccine were shipped Sunday night and will begin to be delivered to states for injections starting Tuesday, officials said. (fox5atlanta.com)
Taiwan's Buddha Light International Association has also proposed importing up to 500,000 shots of Johnson & Johnson's (JNJ.N) vaccine. (reuters.com)
However, Johnson & Johnson said it was only negotiating with government bodies and supranational organisations like the European Commission for vaccine purchases. (reuters.com)
The Johnson & Johnson and Sputnik vaccines are similar. (cosmosmagazine.com)
For example, some-like the Johnson & Johnson vaccine-use a modified virus to introduce the spike protein to our cells, according to the CDC. (health.com)
Johnson & Johnson's COVID-19 vaccine was shown to be 66% effective at preventing mild and moderate infections, and 85% effective at preventing severe disease, in FDA data released Wednesday. (businessinsider.com)
Johnson vaccines and the first dose of the Moderna series will be offered. (go.com)
Johnson, whose country has had almost 120,000 coronavirus deaths, will hail the speed with which vaccines have been developed against COVID-19 in less than a year, and announce a push to cut the time needed to create new ones to 100 days. (therepublic.com)
The development of viable coronavirus vaccines offers the tantalizing prospect of a return to normality, but we must not rest on our laurels," Johnson said in comments released by his 10 Downing St. office. (therepublic.com)
Johnson will promise Friday to give "the majority of any future surplus vaccines" to the U.N.-backed COVAX effort to vaccinate the world's most vulnerable people, the British government said ahead of the summit. (therepublic.com)
This COCA Call will present the latest evidence on thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS) after administration of the Johnson & Johnson/Janssen COVID-19 vaccine. (cdc.gov)
Pfizer bivalent booster shots are also available for persons 18 years and older who received a single dose of the Johnson & Johnson/Janssen vaccine and at least two months have passed. (texaschildrens.org)
Moderna bivalent booster shots are also available for persons 18 years and older who received a single dose of the Johnson & Johnson/Janssen vaccine and at least two months have passed. (texaschildrens.org)

Dr. Poland is the chair of a Safety Evaluation Committee for non-rubella vaccine trials being conducted by Merck Research Laboratories. (mayoclinic.org)
The record time was achieved because the technologies for making the vaccines were quick to deploy, the three phases of trials were done concurrently and the bureaucratic roadblocks were removed - as you would hope for a potentially life-saving vaccine required at a global scale. (cosmosmagazine.com)
Modern engineered vaccines - where a conspicuous bit of the target pathogen is placed like a passenger into the adenovirus chassis - have been used on thousands of individuals in trials to prevent Ebola, malaria, dengue, Marburg and HIV infections. (cosmosmagazine.com)
Phase 3 trials for three candidate vaccines are underway in the U.S., involving recruitment of about 30,000 subjects each. (latimes.com)
Safety surveillance is important, the researchers noted, because rare or severe outcomes may go unnoticed in phase 3 trials because of limited sample size, restrictive inclusion criteria, short follow-up, and trial participants who may be different from people who will ultimately receive the vaccine. (umn.edu)
Merck and Co. pharmaceutical company has a new personalized cancer vaccine from Moderna in human trials. (inhabitat.com)
The latter making headlines Monday after researchers announced Pfizer's vaccine is so far more than 90 percent effective in phase three trials. (abc15.com)
Cumulative COVID incidence in the vaccine and control groups of the two trials. (lifehacker.com)
Both vaccines turned out to be around 95% effective in trials. (lifehacker.com)
Currently, Thailand has many vaccines in the development process with animal and human trials. (bangkokpost.com)
Trials found the vaccine, which is produced with the help of plants, to be 70% effective at preventing coronavirus-related illness. (health.com)
It has an mRNA vaccine against prostate and lung cancer tumours in human trials. (nextbigfuture.com)
In the meantime, the best available vaccine candidates (either live, whole cell killed or subunit) should be moved forward to non-human primate models and Phase I trials. (cdc.gov)
This means that safety trials would need extensive follow up before concluding that a live attenuated vaccine was safe. (cdc.gov)

Search vaccines.gov , text your ZIP code to 438829, or call 1-800-232-0233. (cdc.gov)
This meant huge amounts of data were quickly available to measure the effectiveness of the vaccines in the general population and search for rare side effects. (cosmosmagazine.com)

In a systematic review of the scientific literature on childhood immunizations that will be published in the August issue of Pediatrics, researchers found that vaccine-related adverse events are "extremely rare" and that - once again - the measles/mumps/rubella vaccine (MMR) is not associated with autism. (scienceblogs.com)
Wakefield's paper in Lancet in 1998 linking autistic regression and diarrhea following measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) shot fueled a nascent autism-vaccine movement. (livescience.com)

People who are pregnant should stay up to date with their COVID-19 vaccines, including getting a COVID-19 booster shot when it's time to get one. (cdc.gov)
CDC recommends COVID-19 vaccines for everyone aged 6 months and older, including people who are pregnant, breastfeeding, trying to get pregnant now, or those who might become pregnant in the future. (cdc.gov)
COVID-19 vaccines do not cause COVID-19, including in people who are pregnant or their babies. (cdc.gov)
Data from vaccine safety monitoring systems have not found any safety concerns for people who received an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine late in pregnancy or for their babies. (cdc.gov)
Scientists have not found an increased risk for miscarriage among pregnant people who received an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine just before or during early pregnancy (before 20 weeks of pregnancy). (cdc.gov)
People who are moderately or severely ill should usually wait until they recover before getting MMR vaccine. (cdc.gov)
In people with serious immune system problems, this vaccine may cause an infection that may be life-threatening. (cdc.gov)
People with serious immune system problems should not get MMR vaccine. (cdc.gov)
Several factors influence recommendations for the age at which a vaccine is administered, including age-specific risks of the disease and its complications, the ability of people of a given age to develop an adequate immune response to the vaccine, and potential interference with the immune response by passively transferred maternal antibodies. (cdc.gov)
The vaccines do a tremendous job of preventing elderly and at-risk people from suffering severe illness and dying, but most children are spared the worst effects of COVID-19, anyway-particularly if they were already infected, which is the case for nearly nine out of every 10 kids , according to the CDC. (reason.com)
Denmark, for instance, is no longer recommending COVID-19 vaccines for otherwise healthy young people under the age of 18. (reason.com)
As a one-dose vaccine, people do not have to return for a second dose to be protected,' Walensky said in a statement of J&J's shot. (fox5atlanta.com)
A sign dissuades people from showing up without a vaccine appointment at the Washington Heights armory. (thecity.nyc)
Most people can have any of the COVID-19 vaccines, but some people are only offered certain vaccines. (www.nhs.uk)
Most people also need a booster dose to help improve the protection from the first 2 doses of the vaccine. (www.nhs.uk)
Community immunity is especially important for people who can't get certain vaccines. (medlineplus.gov)
The vaccine will be covered by Medicare, Medicaid and most private insurance, and the cost of the vaccine will be covered for people who are uninsured. (kingcounty.gov)
As of Saturday, all people of any sexual orientation or gender who have had multiple sexual partners in the past two weeks will be eligible for the vaccine, in accordance with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (washingtonpost.com)
The District has more cases - 321 as of Friday - than any state, but has seen a decline in demand for the vaccine, which Ashley attributed to discomfort people may feel answering intrusive questions about their behaviors or sharing other identifying details. (washingtonpost.com)
Some people claim that the testing of the vaccines was rushed, but that's not true. (cosmosmagazine.com)
Some people claim that the testing of the vaccines was rushed. (cosmosmagazine.com)
That means more than 30,000 people in the case of Astra and more than 40,000 in the case of Pfizer were randomly allocated to receive either a vaccine or a placebo. (cosmosmagazine.com)
In the case of Astra, the good news was that UK studies found that while the vaccine was 60% effective at preventing mild disease, it was 92% effective at protecting people from becoming sick enough to require hospitalisation. (cosmosmagazine.com)
People who are moderately or severely immunocompromised have different recommendations for COVID-19 vaccines , including boosters. (pa.gov)
GENEVA - The World Health Organization chief on Monday lambasted drugmakers' profits and vaccine inequalities, saying it's "not right" that younger, healthier adults in wealthy countries get vaccinated against COVID-19 before older people or health care workers in poorer countries and charging that most vaccine makers have targeted locations where "profits are highest. (bostonherald.com)
This led to anti-vax conspiracy theorists forming the belief and spreading the rumor that Gates was implanting chips in vaccines to track people. (shacknews.com)
Women's longer life spans also mean that older people in the first rounds of vaccine eligibility were more likely to be female. (dallasnews.com)
Some break down the statistics by total vaccine doses, for example, while others report people who have gotten at least one dose. (dallasnews.com)
That data shows the gap has narrowed but hasn't disappeared as vaccine eligibility has expanded beyond people in long-term care and health care workers. (dallasnews.com)
In South Carolina , for example, the gender breakdown of vaccine recipients as of April 4 was slightly wider for younger people: 61% of vaccinated people ages 25-34 were women compared with 57% female for age 65 and older. (dallasnews.com)
mRNA COVID-19 vaccines were not associated with significantly higher rates of 23 serious adverse events 1 to 21 days after receiving one or two doses than after 22 to 42 days, finds an interim analysis of surveillance safety data involving millions of people today in JAMA . (umn.edu)
There's also a year of real-world data for this vaccine, which has been administered to tens of millions of people in the US. (theverge.com)
White House COVID-19 response team coordinator Jeff Zients on Friday announced that 100 million people in the U.S. have now received their final shot of a COVID-19 vaccine. (10news.com)
What do you want people who are skeptical about getting the vaccine, what do you want them to take away from this documentary? (kunm.org)
WKRG ) Mississippi is one of two states that has included smoking on the list of chronic health conditions that make people eligible for the Covid-19 vaccine. (wkrg.com)
Unless that challenge is met, the problem of meningitis won't be solved because the people who need the vaccine won't be able to afford it. (path.org)
Despite all this, "health authorities" continue to push the jabs on everyone, including children, even though untold thousands of people are suffering and dying from vaccine adverse effects. (naturalnews.com)
Relatively few health care workers volunteered to get the vaccine, amid concerns that the live vaccinia virus used in the vaccine can be transmitted to other people for a time and can pose a serious risk to people with weakened immune systems and certain skin conditions. (eurekalert.org)
After that point, people in the control groups continued to get COVID (increasing line), while very few cases showed up in the vaccine groups (flat line). (lifehacker.com)
the Moderna vaccine is for people aged 18 and up. (lifehacker.com)
The department's focus, Tau explained, is 'to proactively bring the vaccine to where people already are in the community, removing any barriers and making it as convenient as possible. (go.com)
Because vaccines are given to millions of healthy people-including children-to prevent serious diseases, they're held to very high safety standards. (hhs.gov)
FDA uses the information from these tests to decide whether to test the vaccine with people. (hhs.gov)
Before the arrival of the vaccine, pertussis infected an average of 200,000 people a year in the United States alone. (news-medical.net)
Considering the fact that thousands of people are dying from the vaccines , Berman's statements are both foolish and moot. (naturalnews.com)
Tucker isn't telling people not to take the vaccines," reported The Right Scoop . (naturalnews.com)
Instead they should rationally address these concerns instead of telling people that you won't be able to grill in your backyard on the fourth of July unless you take the vaccine … That was his point. (naturalnews.com)
Try as they might to denigrate all who question Wuhan coronavirus (Covid-19) vaccines as "anti-vaxxers," these mainstream media talking heads are actually doing a great disservice to the American people by pretending as though this is all just political. (naturalnews.com)
Ironically, CNN and the other fake news outlets that are withholding this critical information from their viewers are the ones trying to kill people by tricking them into thinking that Wuhan coronavirus (Covid-19) vaccines are "safe and effective. (naturalnews.com)
French President Emmanuel Macron said Europe and the U.S. should allocate up to 5% of their current COVID-19 vaccine supplies to the poorest countries "very fast, so that people on the ground see it happening. (therepublic.com)
The flu vaccine is free for children aged six months to five years, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, pregnant women and people with medical conditions (such as chronic heart or lung disease, low immunity or diabetes). (rch.org.au)
This fact sheet has been developed to provide practical advice about the use of this vaccine in children and young people and should be read in addition to the information supplied by the manufacturer which can be found at NPS MedicineWise . (rch.org.au)
Balducci said people have an easy time figuring out if they're eligible for vaccines. (seattlepi.com)
The Washington State Department of Health even has a quick questionnaire that will determine vaccine eligibility and send notifications when people are able to get it. (seattlepi.com)
The lack of a coordinated effort to sign people up for a vaccine is almost creating a lottery, which she said is mostly due to the lack of doses and the amount fluctuating throughout the rollout. (seattlepi.com)
Balducci said the focus on South King County is important, even if people are struggling to schedule appointments in her own district, as vaccines need to meet the rate of transmission. (seattlepi.com)
Vaccines scare people. (livescience.com)
Fully 250 million people in the United States are now eligible for COVID-19 vaccines, and pharmacies can help speed the slower-than-expected vaccine distribution process, said Kathleen Jaeger, senior vice president of pharmacy care and patient advocacy at the National Association of Chain Drug Stores (NACDS), an Alexandria, Virginia-based trade group representing chain pharmacies. (webmd.com)
Many people live within five miles of a local pharmacy, so it will be easier to give out the vaccines," she said. (webmd.com)
More than 29 million vaccine doses have been distributed so far in the United States, and over 10 million people have received their first dose. (webmd.com)
In early safety tests, a few dozen healthy people received either a vaccine or a placebo for comparison. (voanews.com)
And then, he added, at least 150 or so people who received the placebo have to get sick in order to have enough cases to compare to those who received the vaccine. (voanews.com)
As with any medication, some people may experience an allergic reaction to the COVID-19 vaccine. (vcuhealth.org)
As the COVID-19 vaccines continue to be administered across military hospitals and smaller clinics and outposts under Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidance, the advice from the military and a multitude of national maternal and fetal health professional associations is the same: For most pregnant people, getting the COVID-19 vaccine as soon as possible is the safest choice based on the science to date. (health.mil)
As for those who do not want to take the vaccine, "we know there are significantly increased risks for pregnant people who contract COVID-19, e.g., they are three times more likely to be admitted to the ICU and need breathing support," said Navy Cmdr. (health.mil)
CDC's new recommendations allow an additional updated (bivalent) vaccine dose for adults ages 65 years and older and additional doses for people who are immunocompromised. (cdc.gov)
People aged ≥ 65 years who received 1 dose of a vaccine have the option to receive 1 additional dose at least 4 months after the first bivalent dose. (medscape.com)
In the United States, there are several vaccines that are effective at protecting people from getting seriously ill, being hospitalized, and dying from COVID-19. (medlineplus.gov)

[ 3 ] During this same time period, the Novavax vaccine showed 90.4% efficacy. (medscape.com)
Novavax is a Maryland-based biotech company that has taken a traditional approach to developing a vaccine against COVID-19. (verywellhealth.com)
The Novavax vaccine uses a custom-made spike protein that mimics the natural spike protein in the SARS-CoV-2 virus. (verywellhealth.com)
Early vaccine trial results published by Novavax revealed a strong antibody response to the vaccine in animals. (verywellhealth.com)

In fact, the virus' continued presence in Africa is largely the result of unequal access to global vaccine stockpiles and health care resources. (smithsonianmag.com)
The largest global vaccine rollout in history , being intensely scrutinised by health authorities around the world, in order to measure the real risks and benefits of the vaccines. (cosmosmagazine.com)
Jerome Kim, M.D., Director-General of the International Vaccine Institute (IVI), said, "As a UN-chartered international organization, IVI has a unique status in the global vaccine community as an intermediary to have a synergistic, non-redundant relationship with other global health stakeholders and its missions. (bangkokpost.com)
Earlier this year, Haiti shrugged off two offers of doses AstraZeneca - first from India and then from COVAX, the global vaccine sharing program . (wypr.org)

After weeks of waiting for word on when they would receive the COVID-19 vaccine, residents and staff at Hermitage Northern Virginia, a local retirement community, received a dose of hope on Jan. 14. (alextimes.com)

Olga, age 76, woke up at 6 a.m. to make the trek from The Bronx to the Fort Washington Armory in Washington Heights Tuesday in hopes of getting the COVID-19 vaccine. (thecity.nyc)

President Joe Biden said Wednesday that he had s igned into a law a bill that aims to expand the distribution of COVID-19 vaccines to military veterans and their families. (abcactionnews.com)
Microchips play no role in the development, testing or distribution of COVID-19 vaccines. (vcuhealth.org)

Vaccines are undoubtedly the most complex medical products to develop, from concept to a stage where sufficient evidence of quality, safety and efficacy are collected to provide an assurance that their use will provide more benefits than risks when used in the context of a public health emergency. (who.int)
Efficacy among adults aged 65 to 74 years is approximately 96% for the mRNA vaccines and 84% for Janssen vaccine. (medscape.com)
[ 4 ] Vaccine efficacy (VE) has shown to wane over time following an initial 2-dose primary series with the mRNA vaccines and the 1-dose regimen with the Janssen vaccine. (medscape.com)
3. If you are concerned about the exposure or efficacy of any of your vaccine stock, do not administer the vaccine until you have consulted your state or local health department. (cdc.gov)
Harris said in a CNN interview that she "would not trust Donald Trump" on the safety and efficacy of a vaccine approved before election day. (latimes.com)
As for safety, rigorous safety and efficacy standards are set by the FDA for these (and all) vaccines. (vcuhealth.org)
1.4 Heat killed B. pseudomallei vaccine with CLDC adjuvant shows the highest efficacy in mice models following inhalation challenge thus far ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)

Older children , adolescents , and adults also need 1 or 2 doses of MMR vaccine if they are not already immune to measles, mumps, and rubella. (cdc.gov)
ROCHESTER, Minn. - Feb. 27, 2014 - Somali Americans develop twice the antibody response to rubella from the current vaccine compared to Caucasians in a new Mayo Clinic study on individualized aspects of immune response. (mayoclinic.org)
A non-Somali, African-American cohort ranked next in immune response, still significantly higher than Caucasians, and Hispanic Americans in the study were least responsive to the vaccine. (mayoclinic.org)
They found no difference in gender-a surprise, says Dr. Poland, because in most studies women consistently have a better immune response to vaccines than men. (mayoclinic.org)
Vaccines are injections (shots), liquids, pills, or nasal sprays that you take to teach your body's immune system to recognize and defend against harmful germs. (medlineplus.gov)
Vaccines work in different ways, but they all spark an immune response. (medlineplus.gov)
And for a few vaccines, getting vaccinated can actually give you a better immune response than getting the disease would. (medlineplus.gov)
For example, they may not be able to get a vaccine because they have weakened immune systems. (medlineplus.gov)
CDC recommends that anyone ages 5 and older who have moderately or severely weakened immune systems (immunocompromised) get a third dose of vaccine. (kingcounty.gov)
But a significant limitation of developing a cancer vaccine versus developing a vaccine to a bacterium, for example, is that while bacteria are totally foreign entities, completely made of non-human proteins, tumour cells retain most of the endogenous proteins and are thus mostly tolerated by the immune system. (nature.com)
It is worth noting that melanoma is especially amenable to a neoantigen vaccine approach owing to its heavy mutation burden, which facilitates neoantigen identification and makes the tumour inherently more susceptible to an antigen-specific immune response. (nature.com)
Perhaps more importantly, it can be expected that cancer vaccines complement other immunotherapy modalities well - particularly immune checkpoint blockade, as the two approaches follow orthogonal immune mechanisms. (nature.com)
Indeed, the two studies suggest a benefit from combining either vaccine formulation with immune checkpoint inhibition. (nature.com)
[ 16 ] Autoimmune diseases such as lupus have also garnered attention due to the potential of anti-idiotype vaccines to "fine tune" an immune system which has lost its proper controls. (medscape.com)
Finally, pioneering studies are testing the utility of DNA vaccines as methods of increasing a cancer victim's immune response to malignant cells. (medscape.com)
Patient's with melanoma, mesothelioma, renal cell cancer and breast cancer are being treated with gene transfer vaccines engineered to express proteins which stimulate the body's immune response to cancer cells. (medscape.com)
Nanoemulsion vaccines are highly effective at penetrating the mucous membranes in the nose and initiating strong and protective types of immune response, Baker says. (eurekalert.org)
Anna U. Bielinska, Ph.D., a research assistant professor in internal medicine at the U-M Medical School, and others on Baker's research team developed a killed-vaccinia virus nanoemulsion vaccine which they placed in the noses of mice to trigger an immune response. (eurekalert.org)
There is growing interest in vaccines that induce mucosal immunity, in which the immune system stops and kills the invader in mucous membranes before it enters body systems. (eurekalert.org)
The basic strategies behind the use of vaccines to prepare the human immune system. (britannica.com)
Antigens are the part of viruses (and vaccines) that spur our immune systems into action, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). (health.com)
A true universal vaccine for flu, however, would induce immunity to proteins that are the same in all flu viruses, but which flu normally hides from the immune system. (nextbigfuture.com)
Yesterday's article, Vaccines Do Irreparable Harm: Study from Poland , documents the revealing information brought out by Polish scientists' review of the scientific literature on vaccination's adverse effects and immune system effects. (organicconsumers.org)
Their immune system is such that it is not safe to give them certain vaccines are vaccines will not work for them. (kpbs.org)
All previous vaccines have triggered the immune system with dead or weakened versions of a germ or parts of it. (voanews.com)

He noted the WHO-backed COVAX program, which aims to get vaccines out to all countries, rich or poor, based on need, has so far secured 2 billion vaccine doses from five producers and options on a billion doses more. (bostonherald.com)
Even though IVI didn't have its own Covid-19 vaccines, it managed to contribute over a billion doses of Covid-19 vaccine to COVAX, accounting for about 20 percent of the total. (bangkokpost.com)
Biden has pledged to join the COVAX initiative, and the White House says he will emphasize the need for global coordination on vaccine production, distribution and supplies when he speaks at Friday's G-7 meeting. (therepublic.com)

1 Section for Therapeutic Vaccines, Division for Immunology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. (nih.gov)

In this short video, Dr. Paul Offit describes what the COVID-19 bivalent vaccines are and who might need them as a booster. (chop.edu)
Paul Offit argues that it's unconscionable to let unvaccinated kids get and transmit measles and other vaccine-preventable diseases. (medscape.com)
Paul Offit responds to a column in the New York Times that claims there is a 'conspiracy of silence' among vaccine scientists about the harms of vaccines. (medscape.com)
Dr Paul Offit compares Shingrix with Zostavax® and lays out the recommendations for the new vaccine. (medscape.com)
Lives Are Saved Even With a 'Less Effective' Vaccine Dr Paul Offit explains the various ways the flu virus can mutate away from the strains in the vaccine, as it has in the 2017-2018 season. (medscape.com)
Fading Immunity May Be Behind Mumps Epidemic Dr Paul Offit discusses potential weaknesses in the MMR vaccine, and ongoing efforts to address them. (medscape.com)
The HPV Vaccine and Autoimmunity: Reviewing the Research Paul Offit reviews the evidence to respond to reader concerns about autoimmune conditions and the HPV vaccine. (medscape.com)
Priming with whole-cell and then finishing with acellular pertussis vaccine would better protect children from pertussis, says Paul Offit. (medscape.com)
Dr Paul Offit provides advice on using up existing stock of HPV-4 vaccine now that a 'better' HPV-9 vaccine is available. (medscape.com)

Vaccines are important because they protect you against many diseases. (medlineplus.gov)
Vaccines stop diseases safely - why all the suspicion? (nature.com)
Despite the availability of effective vaccines against common childhood infections a significant number of children under five years of age continue to die from communicable diseases. (who.int)
Vaccines that work against all flu strains could eventually be given once in childhood, like vaccines for other diseases. (nextbigfuture.com)
The new Vaccine technologies against transmissible and non-transmissible diseases, such as cancer, have had an impact on international public health. (bvsalud.org)
The development and use of aquatic vaccines are the safest and most effective ways to prevent aquatic animal diseases and preserve the health and sustainability of aquaculture . (bvsalud.org)

He's the notorious perpetrator of the myth linking autism with the measles, mumps and rubella vaccine, a stance that got Wakefield's medical license revoked in Britain and that has caused needless disease and suffering in Britain, across Europe and in the U.S. (latimes.com)
The introduction of a rubella vaccine in 1969 has greatly reduced the incidence of congenital rubella syndrome in the developed world. (news-medical.net)

Children younger than nine years of age who are receiving the vaccine for the first time, require two doses given at least four weeks apart. (rch.org.au)
The two vaccines currently in use require two doses. (webmd.com)
The vaccines require two doses, and 'not everybody has been recruited to get dose one yet. (voanews.com)

In the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) publishes the vaccine schedule. (medlineplus.gov)
The only other existing cholera-prevention vaccines require 2 doses, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (medscape.com)
As a nation, Thailand needs a comprehensive vaccine plan from technology creation, technology transfer, and research centers to industrial-scale manufacturing facilities and human resource development. (bangkokpost.com)
CISA is a collaboration between CDC and a national network of vaccine safety experts from medical research centers. (hhs.gov)
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has information on where and when you can get your COVID-19 vaccine. (webmd.com)
Guidance from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) says public health agencies should be ready to distribute a vaccine by November 1, shortly before the presidential election. (voanews.com)
Nationwide, 77% of Americans aged five and up have at least one dose of vaccine, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (dailycaller.com)

In general, the rationale for vaccine mandates is public health: Public school children are required to get vaccinated for measles, for instance, in order to prevent the spread of measles to other, more vulnerable individuals. (reason.com)
Other major cities, including New York, San Francisco and Boston had previously announced similar vaccine mandates for indoor activities. (dailycaller.com)

In the first week of the vaccine rollout, 614,000 Americans were vaccinated but nearly 1.5 million were diagnosed with COVID-19. (theatlantic.com)
If everyone adhered to these simple and small actions, the short-term impact would be much greater than that of the vaccine rollout. (theatlantic.com)
In fact, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation projects that over the next three months universal mask wearing alone could save 49,000 lives, while the vaccine rollout would save 33,200. (theatlantic.com)

Vaccine distributors across the US have collectively discarded over 82.1 million doses of COVID-19 vaccines from. (inhabitat.com)

CDC recommends that everyone ages 6 years and older receive an updated (bivalent) mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, regardless of whether they previously completed their (monovalent) primary series. (cdc.gov)

A main challenge in taking cancer vaccines mainstream will be optimizing the complex manufacturing pipeline that enables personalization. (nature.com)

WASHINGTON - The nation's third vaccine to prevent COVID-19 was being shipped across the U.S. Monday, fueling more hope in the race against a virus that already has killed more than 513,000 Americans and is mutating in increasingly worrisome ways. (fox5atlanta.com)

So getting immunity from a vaccine is safer than getting immunity by being sick with the disease. (medlineplus.gov)
Community immunity, or herd immunity, is the idea that vaccines can help keep communities healthy. (medlineplus.gov)
A vaccine is a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease. (who.int)
They found the vaccine produced both mucosal and antibody immunity, as well as Th1 cellular immunity, an important measure of protective immunity. (eurekalert.org)
We found that the nanoemulsion vaccine could inactivate and kill the virus and then subsequently induce immunity to the virus that includes cellular immunity, antibody immunity and mucosal immunity," Baker says. (eurekalert.org)

JE viruses isolated from human cases in Japan in 1935 and in Beijing in 1949 provided the prototype Nakayama, Beijing and P3 strains respectively that are in principal use in vaccine production. (cdc.gov)
The film follows five research groups as they forgo sleep and family time to develop vaccines using approaches ranging from tried-and-true inactivated viruses to cutting-edge messenger RNA techniques. (nature.com)
Because this research does not require replicating "live" viruses, it does not need to be done in high-level containment facilities when developing vaccines for highly pathogenic viruses. (nih.gov)
The exceptional speed of COVID-19 vaccine development is due to years of prior research on other viruses, including coronaviruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). (vcuhealth.org)
These vaccines contain no live viruses that could directly infect a mother or baby. (health.mil)

The COVID-19 vaccines approved for use in the UK have met strict standards of safety, quality and effectiveness. (www.nhs.uk)
Analyzes the cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness of different vaccine options. (elsevier.com)
Throughout the process, FDA works closely with the company producing the vaccine to evaluate the vaccine's safety and effectiveness. (hhs.gov)
The COVID-19 vaccine was developed in approximately 1-year and many have their doubts about its safety and effectiveness. (health.mil)
Because of the urgency of the situation and the evidence supporting vaccine safety and effectiveness, the U.S. government provided funding for vaccine manufacture before FDA approval. (vcuhealth.org)
Safety and effectiveness of vaccines against COVID-19 in children aged 5-11 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (cdc.gov)
Encouraging information, counseling and continuing education is recommended as a strategy to broaden vaccine acceptance in order to sediment its implementation and ensure effectiveness in reducing new cases of cervical cancer in the future. (bvsalud.org)

This same logic does not hold for the COVID-19 vaccines, which have largely failed to prevent the spread of infection, particularly for the COVID-19 variants. (reason.com)
New coronavirus variants have cropped up in the U.S.and vaccine makers are readying themselves in case regulators call for changes to their recipe. (fox5atlanta.com)
KUOW Reporter Kate Walters joins Soundside to get us up to speed on the new vaccine boosters that target Omicron variants. (kuow.org)

But a growing problem for these cash-strapped nations is that the current rabies vaccines, which contain inactive versions of the deadly virus, are expensive to produce. (newscientist.com)

In Kentucky , for instance, 64% of residents who had received at least one dose of vaccine by early February were women and 36% were men. (dallasnews.com)
Individuals aged 12 and older will have to have received one dose of vaccine to be in compliance with the order. (dailycaller.com)

That's when nine companies involved in the race to develop a vaccine issued a joint statement promising to "uphold the integrity of the scientific process" as they work toward seeking government approval. (latimes.com)
And moreover, how would the partnership be able to develop a vaccine that the countries of the meningitis belt could afford? (path.org)
Our challenging target is to develop a vaccine in 100 days, from pathogen identification to having a vaccine available for use. (bangkokpost.com)

Scientific/academic institutions and manufacturers started to work on the development of Covid-19 vaccines only after the declaration of the PHEIC. (who.int)
It was an important development for COVID vaccines since it suggested that it may help reduce both infection and transmission rates. (verywellhealth.com)
Lack of government coordination: In a number of African countries vaccine research and development is not well coordinated. (who.int)
In a perspective in The Journal of the American Medical Association , the experts highlight innovations that could significantly shorten the typical decades-long vaccine development timeline. (nih.gov)
Platform technologies enable scientists to apply a standardized manufacturing process to multiple vaccines and create a collective database on their safety as well, which can shorten the preclinical development period to as little as several months, according to the authors. (nih.gov)
From the development of each vaccine to its use in reducing disease, Plotkin's Vaccines, 7th Edition, provides the expert information you need to provide optimal care to your patients. (elsevier.com)
This award-winning text offers a complete understanding of each disease, as well as the latest knowledge of both existing vaccines and those currently in research and development. (elsevier.com)
In the 2000s there was misinformation about vaccines, which falsely claimed vaccines were related to development of autism in children. (kunm.org)
A year later, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation provided a ten-year grant to establish the Meningitis Vaccine Project (MVP), an award-winnning partnership between PATH and WHO that would lead the development, testing, licensure, and widespread introduction of a conjugate vaccine with the promise of protecting millions of lives from group A meningococcal meningitis. (path.org)
Staff held information sessions with residents and team members to provide clear information about the vaccine development process and any associated side effects or risks. (alextimes.com)
Vaccine development takes time. (lifehacker.com)
IVI provides translation and support services to accelerate vaccine development. (bangkokpost.com)
In conclusion, TD is a threat to military efficiency, and development of enteric vaccines is said to be a priority for the US Army. (pharmiweb.com)
With the development of vaccines against polio, the rates have gone down by more than 99 percent. (news-medical.net)
The golden age of vaccine development did not come until after World War II, when several new vaccines were developed in a relatively short period. (news-medical.net)
Spearheaded by Operation Warp Speed, the government's vaccine development program, this plan will ultimately allow more than 40,000 pharmacies across the nation to inject 100 million vaccines in a month's time. (webmd.com)
Two COVID-19 vaccines that could arrive as soon as November use a promising new technique that experts say speeds up the development process. (voanews.com)
This page lists emerging information and publications in COVID-19 Genomics and Precision Health portal that are relevant to vaccine development, evaluation, implementation and impact. (cdc.gov)
Current status and development prospects of aquatic vaccines. (bvsalud.org)
To give references for the development and implementation of aquatic vaccines , this study reviews the development history , types, inoculation techniques , mechanisms of action, development prospects, and challenges encountered with aquatic vaccines . (bvsalud.org)

Even the head of Trump's Operation Warp Speed vaccine drive, former drug executive Moncef Slaoui, has expressed doubts that the recruitments and analysis of trial results can be completed to meet that deadline. (latimes.com)
It turns out that Donald "father of the vaccine" Trump's "Operation Warp Speed" injections are six times more harmful to males than they are to females, at least as far as cardiovascular events are concerned. (naturalnews.com)
Health Secretary Sajid Javid, on other hand, is all about jabbing young boys and girls with Trump vaccines at "warp speed. (naturalnews.com)

The Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine contains a tiny amount of alcohol, but this is less than in some everyday foods like bread. (www.nhs.uk)
Taipei, March 17 (CNA) The government aims to start administering the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine next Monday at the soonest after the drug cleared required testing Wednesday, according to Minister of Health and Welfare Chen Shih-chung (陳時中). (globalsecurity.org)
CECC spokesman Chuang Jen-hsiang (莊人祥) said the center's meeting in Taipei will look at the reasons why some countries have suspended administration of the AstraZeneca vaccine and study any recommendations put forth by the EMA. (globalsecurity.org)
Taiwan received its first batch of COVID-19 vaccine, comprising 117,000 AstraZeneca doses, on March 3. (globalsecurity.org)

It's important for both children and adults to get their vaccines according to the schedule. (medlineplus.gov)
In April, the non-profit Kaiser Family Foundation, based in San Francisco, California, found that 54% of US adults either believe common misinformation about COVID-19 vaccines or think that it might be true (see go.nature.com/3fyfaoi ). (nature.com)
Safety and immunogenicity of homologous versus heterologous booster dose with AZD1222, mRNA-1273, or MVC-COV1901 SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in adults: An observer-blinded, multi-center, phase 2 randomized trial. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy11

Organisms38

Diseases35

Chemicals and Drugs105

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment34

Phenomena and Processes22

Disciplines and Occupations3

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science3

Named Groups1

Health Care11

Geographicals1

Interrupting the transmission of respiratory tract infections: theory and practice. (1/1781)

Home delivery of heat-stable vaccines in Indonesia: outreach immunization with a prefilled, single-use injection device. (2/1781)

A contraceptive peptide vaccine targeting sulfated glycoprotein ZP2 of the mouse zona pellucida. (3/1781)

Molecular characterization of a Haemaphysalis longicornis tick salivary gland-associated 29-kilodalton protein and its effect as a vaccine against tick infestation in rabbits. (4/1781)

Impact of vaccines universally recommended for children--United States, 1990-1998. (5/1781)

Interleukin-12 as an adjuvant for an antischistosome vaccine consisting of adult worm antigens: protection of rats from cercarial challenge. (6/1781)

Single-dose mucosal immunization with biodegradable microparticles containing a Schistosoma mansoni antigen. (7/1781)

Heat shock protein-based therapeutic strategies against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. (8/1781)

Vaccines

Vaccines, Inactivated

Viral Vaccines

Vaccines, Combined

Vaccines, DNA

Vaccines, Synthetic

Bacterial Vaccines

AIDS Vaccines

Vaccines, Subunit

Vaccines, Conjugate

Vaccination

Malaria Vaccines

Papillomavirus Vaccines

Meningococcal Vaccines

Hepatitis B Vaccines

Measles Vaccine

Pertussis Vaccine

Haemophilus Vaccines

BCG Vaccine

Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated

Rabies Vaccines

Rotavirus Vaccines

Cholera Vaccines

Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines

Smallpox Vaccine

Tuberculosis Vaccines

Antibodies, Viral

Chickenpox Vaccine

Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine

Mumps Vaccine

Hepatitis A Vaccines

Immunization Schedule

Adjuvants, Immunologic

Immunization, Secondary

Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine

Streptococcal Vaccines

Anthrax Vaccines

Dengue Vaccines

Vaccines, Virosome

Immunization

Viral Hepatitis Vaccines

Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral

Yellow Fever Vaccine

Antibodies, Bacterial

Plague Vaccine

Fungal Vaccines

Rubella Vaccine

Vaccines, Acellular

SAIDS Vaccines

Salmonella Vaccines

Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle

Mice, Inbred BALB C

Ebola Vaccines

Influenza, Human

Antibodies, Neutralizing

Staphylococcal Vaccines

Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccines

Cytomegalovirus Vaccines

Immunization Programs

Injections, Intramuscular

Diphtheria-Tetanus Vaccine

Poliovirus Vaccines

Administration, Intranasal

Escherichia coli Vaccines

Immunoglobulin G

West Nile Virus Vaccines

Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests

Shigella Vaccines

Neutralization Tests

Antibody Formation

Herpes Zoster Vaccine

Polysorbates

Immunity, Humoral

Brucella Vaccine

Tetanus Toxoid

Herpesvirus Vaccines

Injections, Intradermal

Leishmaniasis Vaccines

Aluminum Hydroxide

Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype