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VaccinesVaccines, InactivatedViral VaccinesVaccines, CombinedVaccines, DNAVaccines, SyntheticBacterial VaccinesAIDS VaccinesVaccines, SubunitVaccines, ConjugateVaccinationMalaria VaccinesPapillomavirus VaccinesMeningococcal VaccinesHepatitis B VaccinesMeasles VaccinePertussis VaccineHaemophilus VaccinesBCG VaccinePoliovirus Vaccine, InactivatedRabies VaccinesRotavirus VaccinesCholera VaccinesTyphoid-Paratyphoid VaccinesSmallpox VaccineTuberculosis VaccinesAntibodies, ViralChickenpox VaccineDiphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis VaccineMumps VaccineHepatitis A VaccinesImmunization ScheduleAdjuvants, ImmunologicImmunization, SecondaryMeasles-Mumps-Rubella VaccineStreptococcal VaccinesAnthrax VaccinesDengue VaccinesVaccines, VirosomeImmunizationViral Hepatitis VaccinesPoliovirus Vaccine, OralYellow Fever VaccineAntibodies, BacterialPlague VaccineFungal VaccinesRubella VaccineVaccines, AcellularSAIDS VaccinesSalmonella VaccinesVaccines, Virus-Like ParticleMice, Inbred BALB CEbola VaccinesInfluenza, HumanAntibodies, NeutralizingStaphylococcal VaccinesDiphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis VaccinesCytomegalovirus VaccinesImmunization ProgramsInjections, IntramuscularDiphtheria-Tetanus VaccinePoliovirus VaccinesAdministration, IntranasalEscherichia coli VaccinesImmunoglobulin GWest Nile Virus VaccinesHemagglutination Inhibition TestsShigella VaccinesNeutralization TestsAntibody FormationHerpes Zoster VaccinePolysorbatesImmunity, HumoralBrucella VaccineTetanus ToxoidHerpesvirus VaccinesInjections, IntradermalLeishmaniasis VaccinesAluminum HydroxideInfluenza A Virus, H1N1 SubtypeAlum CompoundsHerpes Simplex Virus VaccinesAntigens, BacterialDiphtheria ToxoidSqualeneRespiratory Syncytial Virus VaccinesCross ProtectionJapanese Encephalitis VaccinesMass VaccinationVaccines, ContraceptiveCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesGenetic VectorsVaccines, EdibleEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayImmunity, CellularWhooping CoughImmunotherapy, ActiveAntigens, ProtozoanVaccine PotencyCross ReactionsMeaslesRickettsial VaccinesSmallpoxMolecular Sequence DataInterferon-gammaParainfluenza VaccinesImmunity, MucosalRotavirus InfectionsInfluenza A Virus, H5N1 SubtypeInfluenza A Virus, H3N2 SubtypeMice, Inbred C57BLInfluenza B virusPseudorabies VaccinesMacaca mulattaVaccinia virusT-Lymphocytes, CytotoxicHemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza VirusPapillomavirus InfectionsCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesPoliomyelitisDrug StorageAntigens, ViralRabiesClinical Trials as TopicT-LymphocytesEpitopes, T-LymphocyteOrthomyxoviridae InfectionsDose-Response Relationship, ImmunologicProtozoan ProteinsInfluenza A virusMeningococcal InfectionsVaccines, MarkerHaemophilus influenzae type bSerotypingYellow fever virusNeisseria meningitidis, Serogroup BImmunity, HerdDendritic CellsLyme Disease VaccinesMumpsImmunotherapyAmino Acid SequenceDisease OutbreaksTetanusVirus SheddingPandemicsPseudomonas VaccinesHIV-1ImmunityDisease Models, AnimalViral Envelope ProteinsAdministration, OralMeningitis, MeningococcalHIV AntibodiesHepatitis B AntibodiesDiphtheriaUnited StatesImmunologic MemoryBordetella pertussisEpitopes, B-LymphocyteEnzyme-Linked Immunospot AssayPlasmodium falciparumReassortant VirusesBiolisticsVero CellsTime FactorsRabies virusRotavirusAntigens, NeoplasmBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsHIV InfectionsBacterial ProteinsLymphocyte ActivationHaemophilus InfectionsCercopithecus aethiopsAntibody SpecificityDouble-Blind MethodImmunity, ActiveInjections, SubcutaneousChickenpoxCholeraFerretsVirulenceCytokinesTechnology, PharmaceuticalProduct Surveillance, PostmarketingCell LineImmunization, PassiveInfant, NewbornPlasmidsSalmonella typhiToxoidsAdenovirus VaccinesOrthomyxoviridaeAdenoviridaeAlzheimer VaccinesSimian immunodeficiency virusDengue VirusHemorrhagic Fever, EbolaPlagueRecombinant Proteins
Vaccines: Suspensions of killed or attenuated microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa), antigenic proteins, synthetic constructs, or other bio-molecular derivatives, administered for the prevention, amelioration, or treatment of infectious and other diseases.Vaccines, Inactivated: Vaccines in which the infectious microbial nucleic acid components have been destroyed by chemical or physical treatment (e.g., formalin, beta-propiolactone, gamma radiation) without affecting the antigenicity or immunogenicity of the viral coat or bacterial outer membrane proteins.Viral Vaccines: Suspensions of attenuated or killed viruses administered for the prevention or treatment of infectious viral disease.Vaccines, Combined: Two or more vaccines in a single dosage form.Vaccines, DNA: Recombinant DNA vectors encoding antigens administered for the prevention or treatment of disease. The host cells take up the DNA, express the antigen, and present it to the immune system in a manner similar to that which would occur during natural infection. This induces humoral and cellular immune responses against the encoded antigens. The vector is called naked DNA because there is no need for complex formulations or delivery agents; the plasmid is injected in saline or other buffers.Vaccines, Synthetic: Small synthetic peptides that mimic surface antigens of pathogens and are immunogenic, or vaccines manufactured with the aid of recombinant DNA techniques. The latter vaccines may also be whole viruses whose nucleic acids have been modified.Bacterial Vaccines: Suspensions of attenuated or killed bacteria administered for the prevention or treatment of infectious bacterial disease.AIDS Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines containing inactivated HIV or some of its component antigens and designed to prevent or treat AIDS. Some vaccines containing antigens are recombinantly produced.Vaccines, Subunit: Vaccines consisting of one or more antigens that stimulate a strong immune response. They are purified from microorganisms or produced by recombinant DNA techniques, or they can be chemically synthesized peptides.Vaccines, Conjugate: Semisynthetic vaccines consisting of polysaccharide antigens from microorganisms attached to protein carrier molecules. The carrier protein is recognized by macrophages and T-cells thus enhancing immunity. Conjugate vaccines induce antibody formation in people not responsive to polysaccharide alone, induce higher levels of antibody, and show a booster response on repeated injection.Vaccination: Administration of vaccines to stimulate the host's immune response. This includes any preparation intended for active immunological prophylaxis.Malaria Vaccines: Vaccines made from antigens arising from any of the four strains of Plasmodium which cause malaria in humans, or from P. berghei which causes malaria in rodents.Papillomavirus Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTIONS. Human vaccines are intended to reduce the incidence of UTERINE CERVICAL NEOPLASMS, so they are sometimes considered a type of CANCER VACCINES. They are often composed of CAPSID PROTEINS, especially L1 protein, from various types of ALPHAPAPILLOMAVIRUS.Meningococcal Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS.Hepatitis B Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines containing inactivated hepatitis B or some of its component antigens and designed to prevent hepatitis B. Some vaccines may be recombinantly produced.Measles Vaccine: A live attenuated virus vaccine of chick embryo origin, used for routine immunization of children and for immunization of adolescents and adults who have not had measles or been immunized with live measles vaccine and have no serum antibodies against measles. Children are usually immunized with measles-mumps-rubella combination vaccine. (From Dorland, 28th ed)Pertussis Vaccine: A suspension of killed Bordetella pertussis organisms, used for immunization against pertussis (WHOOPING COUGH). It is generally used in a mixture with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids (DTP). There is an acellular pertussis vaccine prepared from the purified antigenic components of Bordetella pertussis, which causes fewer adverse reactions than whole-cell vaccine and, like the whole-cell vaccine, is generally used in a mixture with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids. (From Dorland, 28th ed)Haemophilus Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines containing antigenic polysaccharides from Haemophilus influenzae and designed to prevent infection. The vaccine can contain the polysaccharides alone or more frequently polysaccharides conjugated to carrier molecules. It is also seen as a combined vaccine with diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine.BCG Vaccine: An active immunizing agent and a viable avirulent attenuated strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, var. bovis, which confers immunity to mycobacterial infections. It is used also in immunotherapy of neoplasms due to its stimulation of antibodies and non-specific immunity.Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated: A suspension of formalin-inactivated poliovirus grown in monkey kidney cell tissue culture and used to prevent POLIOMYELITIS.Rabies Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent and treat RABIES. The inactivated virus vaccine is used for preexposure immunization to persons at high risk of exposure, and in conjunction with rabies immunoglobulin, for postexposure prophylaxis.Rotavirus Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with ROTAVIRUS.Cholera Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with VIBRIO CHOLERAE. The original cholera vaccine consisted of killed bacteria, but other kinds of vaccines now exist.Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines: Vaccines used to prevent TYPHOID FEVER and/or PARATYPHOID FEVER which are caused by various species of SALMONELLA. Attenuated, subunit, and inactivated forms of the vaccines exist.Smallpox Vaccine: A live VACCINIA VIRUS vaccine of calf lymph or chick embryo origin, used for immunization against smallpox. It is now recommended only for laboratory workers exposed to smallpox virus. Certain countries continue to vaccinate those in the military service. Complications that result from smallpox vaccination include vaccinia, secondary bacterial infections, and encephalomyelitis. (Dorland, 28th ed)Tuberculosis Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent or treat TUBERCULOSIS.Antibodies, Viral: Immunoglobulins produced in response to VIRAL ANTIGENS.Chickenpox Vaccine: A live, attenuated varicella virus vaccine used for immunization against chickenpox. It is recommended for children between the ages of 12 months and 13 years.Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine: A vaccine consisting of DIPHTHERIA TOXOID; TETANUS TOXOID; and whole-cell PERTUSSIS VACCINE. The vaccine protects against diphtheria, tetanus, and whooping cough.Mumps Vaccine: Vaccines used to prevent infection by MUMPS VIRUS. Best known is the live attenuated virus vaccine of chick embryo origin, used for routine immunization of children and for immunization of adolescents and adults who have not had mumps or been immunized with live mumps vaccine. Children are usually immunized with measles-mumps-rubella combination vaccine.Hepatitis A Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with hepatitis A virus (HEPATOVIRUS).Immunization Schedule: Schedule giving optimum times usually for primary and/or secondary immunization.Adjuvants, Immunologic: Substances that augment, stimulate, activate, potentiate, or modulate the immune response at either the cellular or humoral level. The classical agents (Freund's adjuvant, BCG, Corynebacterium parvum, et al.) contain bacterial antigens. Some are endogenous (e.g., histamine, interferon, transfer factor, tuftsin, interleukin-1). Their mode of action is either non-specific, resulting in increased immune responsiveness to a wide variety of antigens, or antigen-specific, i.e., affecting a restricted type of immune response to a narrow group of antigens. The therapeutic efficacy of many biological response modifiers is related to their antigen-specific immunoadjuvanticity.Immunization, Secondary: Any immunization following a primary immunization and involving exposure to the same or a closely related antigen.Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine: A combined vaccine used to prevent MEASLES; MUMPS; and RUBELLA.Streptococcal Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent STREPTOCOCCAL INFECTIONS.Anthrax Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent ANTHRAX.Dengue Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with DENGUE VIRUS. These include live-attenuated, subunit, DNA, and inactivated vaccines.Vaccines, Virosome: Vaccines using VIROSOMES as the antigen delivery system that stimulates the desired immune response.Immunization: Deliberate stimulation of the host's immune response. ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of ANTIGENS or IMMUNOLOGIC ADJUVANTS. PASSIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of IMMUNE SERA or LYMPHOCYTES or their extracts (e.g., transfer factor, immune RNA) or transplantation of immunocompetent cell producing tissue (thymus or bone marrow).Viral Hepatitis Vaccines: Any vaccine raised against any virus or viral derivative that causes hepatitis.Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral: A live vaccine containing attenuated poliovirus, types I, II, and III, grown in monkey kidney cell tissue culture, used for routine immunization of children against polio. This vaccine induces long-lasting intestinal and humoral immunity. Killed vaccine induces only humoral immunity. Oral poliovirus vaccine should not be administered to immunocompromised individuals or their household contacts. (Dorland, 28th ed)Yellow Fever Vaccine: Vaccine used to prevent YELLOW FEVER. It consists of a live attenuated 17D strain of the YELLOW FEVER VIRUS.Antibodies, Bacterial: Immunoglobulins produced in a response to BACTERIAL ANTIGENS.Plague Vaccine: A suspension of killed Yersinia pestis used for immunizing people in enzootic plague areas.Fungal Vaccines: Suspensions of attenuated or killed fungi administered for the prevention or treatment of infectious fungal disease.Rubella Vaccine: A live attenuated virus vaccine of duck embryo or human diploid cell tissue culture origin, used for routine immunization of children and for immunization of nonpregnant adolescent and adult females of childbearing age who are unimmunized and do not have serum antibodies to rubella. Children are usually immunized with measles-mumps-rubella combination vaccine. (Dorland, 28th ed)Vaccines, Acellular: Vaccines that are produced by using only the antigenic part of the disease causing organism. They often require a "booster" every few years to maintain their effectiveness.SAIDS Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines designed to prevent SAIDS; (SIMIAN ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME); and containing inactivated SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS or type D retroviruses or some of their component antigens.Salmonella Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with SALMONELLA. This includes vaccines used to prevent TYPHOID FEVER or PARATYPHOID FEVER; (TYPHOID-PARATYPHOID VACCINES), and vaccines used to prevent nontyphoid salmonellosis.Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle: Vaccines using supra-molecular structures composed of multiple copies of recombinantly expressed viral structural proteins. They are often antigentically indistinguishable from the virus from which they were derived.Mice, Inbred BALB CEbola Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent EBOLA HEMORRHAGIC FEVER.Influenza, Human: An acute viral infection in humans involving the respiratory tract. It is marked by inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA; the PHARYNX; and conjunctiva, and by headache and severe, often generalized, myalgia.Antibodies, Neutralizing: Antibodies that reduce or abolish some biological activity of a soluble antigen or infectious agent, usually a virus.Staphylococcal VaccinesDiphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccines: Combined vaccines consisting of DIPHTHERIA TOXOID; TETANUS TOXOID; and an acellular form of PERTUSSIS VACCINE. At least five different purified antigens of B. pertussis have been used in various combinations in these vaccines.Cytomegalovirus Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with CYTOMEGALOVIRUS.Immunization Programs: Organized services to administer immunization procedures in the prevention of various diseases. The programs are made available over a wide range of sites: schools, hospitals, public health agencies, voluntary health agencies, etc. They are administered to an equally wide range of population groups or on various administrative levels: community, municipal, state, national, international.Injections, Intramuscular: Forceful administration into a muscle of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through a hollow needle piercing the muscle and any tissue covering it.Diphtheria-Tetanus Vaccine: A combined vaccine used to prevent infection with diphtheria and tetanus toxoid. This is used in place of DTP vaccine (DIPHTHERIA-TETANUS-PERTUSSIS VACCINE) when PERTUSSIS VACCINE is contraindicated.Poliovirus Vaccines: Vaccines used to prevent POLIOMYELITIS. They include inactivated (POLIOVIRUS VACCINE, INACTIVATED) and oral vaccines (POLIOVIRUS VACCINE, ORAL).Administration, Intranasal: Delivery of medications through the nasal mucosa.Escherichia coli Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent or treat both enterotoxigenic and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli infections.Immunoglobulin G: The major immunoglobulin isotype class in normal human serum. There are several isotype subclasses of IgG, for example, IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B.West Nile Virus Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with WEST NILE VIRUS.Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests: Serologic tests in which a known quantity of antigen is added to the serum prior to the addition of a red cell suspension. Reaction result is expressed as the smallest amount of antigen which causes complete inhibition of hemagglutination.Shigella Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent bacillary dysentery (DYSENTERY, BACILLARY) caused by species of SHIGELLA.Neutralization Tests: The measurement of infection-blocking titer of ANTISERA by testing a series of dilutions for a given virus-antiserum interaction end-point, which is generally the dilution at which tissue cultures inoculated with the serum-virus mixtures demonstrate cytopathology (CPE) or the dilution at which 50% of test animals injected with serum-virus mixtures show infectivity (ID50) or die (LD50).Antibody Formation: The production of ANTIBODIES by proliferating and differentiated B-LYMPHOCYTES under stimulation by ANTIGENS.Herpes Zoster Vaccine: An attenuated vaccine used to prevent and/or treat HERPES ZOSTER, a disease caused by HUMAN HERPESVIRUS 3.Polysorbates: Sorbitan mono-9-octadecanoate poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) derivatives; complex mixtures of polyoxyethylene ethers used as emulsifiers or dispersing agents in pharmaceuticals.Immunity, Humoral: Antibody-mediated immune response. Humoral immunity is brought about by ANTIBODY FORMATION, resulting from TH2 CELLS activating B-LYMPHOCYTES, followed by COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION.Brucella Vaccine: A bacterial vaccine for the prevention of brucellosis in man and animal. Brucella abortus vaccine is used for the immunization of cattle, sheep, and goats.Tetanus ToxoidHerpesvirus Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection by any virus from the family HERPESVIRIDAE.Injections, Intradermal: The forcing into the skin of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through a hollow needle, piercing the top skin layer.Leishmaniasis Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with LEISHMANIA.Aluminum Hydroxide: A compound with many biomedical applications: as a gastric antacid, an antiperspirant, in dentifrices, as an emulsifier, as an adjuvant in bacterins and vaccines, in water purification, etc.Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype: A subtype of INFLUENZA A VIRUS with the surface proteins hemagglutinin 1 and neuraminidase 1. The H1N1 subtype was responsible for the Spanish flu pandemic of 1918.Alum Compounds: Aluminum metal sulfate compounds used medically as astringents and for many industrial purposes. They are used in veterinary medicine for the treatment of ulcerative stomatitis, leukorrhea, conjunctivitis, pharyngitis, metritis, and minor wounds.Herpes Simplex Virus Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with viruses from the genus SIMPLEXVIRUS. This includes vaccines for HSV-1 and HSV-2.Antigens, Bacterial: Substances elaborated by bacteria that have antigenic activity.Diphtheria Toxoid: The formaldehyde-inactivated toxin of Corynebacterium diphtheriae. It is generally used in mixtures with TETANUS TOXOID and PERTUSSIS VACCINE; (DTP); or with tetanus toxoid alone (DT for pediatric use and Td, which contains 5- to 10-fold less diphtheria toxoid, for other use). Diphtheria toxoid is used for the prevention of diphtheria; DIPHTHERIA ANTITOXIN is for treatment.SqualeneRespiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUSES.Cross Protection: Protection conferred on a host by inoculation with one strain or component of a microorganism that prevents infection when later challenged with a similar strain. Most commonly the microorganism is a virus.Japanese Encephalitis Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with Japanese B encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, JAPANESE).Mass Vaccination: Administration of a vaccine to large populations in order to elicit IMMUNITY.Vaccines, Contraceptive: Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent conception.CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes: A critical subpopulation of regulatory T-lymphocytes involved in MHC Class I-restricted interactions. They include both cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and CD8+ suppressor T-lymphocytes.Genetic Vectors: DNA molecules capable of autonomous replication within a host cell and into which other DNA sequences can be inserted and thus amplified. Many are derived from PLASMIDS; BACTERIOPHAGES; or VIRUSES. They are used for transporting foreign genes into recipient cells. Genetic vectors possess a functional replicator site and contain GENETIC MARKERS to facilitate their selective recognition.Vaccines, Edible: Vaccines or candidate vaccines derived from edible plants. Transgenic plants (PLANTS, TRANSGENIC) are used as recombinant protein production systems and the edible plant tissue functions as an oral vaccine.Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay: An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.Immunity, Cellular: Manifestations of the immune response which are mediated by antigen-sensitized T-lymphocytes via lymphokines or direct cytotoxicity. This takes place in the absence of circulating antibody or where antibody plays a subordinate role.Whooping Cough: A respiratory infection caused by BORDETELLA PERTUSSIS and characterized by paroxysmal coughing ending in a prolonged crowing intake of breath.Immunotherapy, Active: Active immunization where vaccine is administered for therapeutic or preventive purposes. This can include administration of immunopotentiating agents such as BCG vaccine and Corynebacterium parvum as well as biological response modifiers such as interferons, interleukins, and colony-stimulating factors in order to directly stimulate the immune system.Antigens, Protozoan: Any part or derivative of any protozoan that elicits immunity; malaria (Plasmodium) and trypanosome antigens are presently the most frequently encountered.Vaccine Potency: The relationship between an elicited ADAPTIVE IMMUNE RESPONSE and the dose of the vaccine administered.Cross Reactions: Serological reactions in which an antiserum against one antigen reacts with a non-identical but closely related antigen.Measles: A highly contagious infectious disease caused by MORBILLIVIRUS, common among children but also seen in the nonimmune of any age, in which the virus enters the respiratory tract via droplet nuclei and multiplies in the epithelial cells, spreading throughout the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM.Rickettsial Vaccines: Vaccines for the prevention of diseases caused by various species of Rickettsia.Smallpox: An acute, highly contagious, often fatal infectious disease caused by an orthopoxvirus characterized by a biphasic febrile course and distinctive progressive skin eruptions. Vaccination has succeeded in eradicating smallpox worldwide. (Dorland, 28th ed)Molecular Sequence Data: Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.Interferon-gamma: The major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated LYMPHOCYTES. It is structurally different from TYPE I INTERFERON and its major activity is immunoregulation. It has been implicated in the expression of CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES.Parainfluenza Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with parainfluenza viruses in humans and animals.Immunity, Mucosal: Nonsusceptibility to the pathogenic effects of foreign microorganisms or antigenic substances as a result of antibody secretions of the mucous membranes. Mucosal epithelia in the gastrointestinal, respiratory, and reproductive tracts produce a form of IgA (IMMUNOGLOBULIN A, SECRETORY) that serves to protect these ports of entry into the body.Rotavirus Infections: Infection with any of the rotaviruses. Specific infections include human infantile diarrhea, neonatal calf diarrhea, and epidemic diarrhea of infant mice.Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype: A subtype of INFLUENZA A VIRUS comprised of the surface proteins hemagglutinin 5 and neuraminidase 1. The H5N1 subtype, frequently referred to as the bird flu virus, is endemic in wild birds and very contagious among both domestic (POULTRY) and wild birds. It does not usually infect humans, but some cases have been reported.Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype: A subtype of INFLUENZA A VIRUS comprised of the surface proteins hemagglutinin 3 and neuraminidase 2. The H3N2 subtype was responsible for the Hong Kong flu pandemic of 1968.Mice, Inbred C57BLInfluenza B virus: Species of the genus INFLUENZAVIRUS B that cause HUMAN INFLUENZA and other diseases primarily in humans. Antigenic variation is less extensive than in type A viruses (INFLUENZA A VIRUS) and consequently there is no basis for distinct subtypes or variants. Epidemics are less likely than with INFLUENZA A VIRUS and there have been no pandemics. Previously only found in humans, Influenza B virus has been isolated from seals which may constitute the animal reservoir from which humans are exposed.Pseudorabies Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent PSEUDORABIES (Aujeszky's disease), a herpesvirus of swine and other animals.Macaca mulatta: A species of the genus MACACA inhabiting India, China, and other parts of Asia. The species is used extensively in biomedical research and adapts very well to living with humans.Vaccinia virus: The type species of ORTHOPOXVIRUS, related to COWPOX VIRUS, but whose true origin is unknown. It has been used as a live vaccine against SMALLPOX. It is also used as a vector for inserting foreign DNA into animals. Rabbitpox virus is a subspecies of VACCINIA VIRUS.T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic: Immunized T-lymphocytes which can directly destroy appropriate target cells. These cytotoxic lymphocytes may be generated in vitro in mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC), in vivo during a graft-versus-host (GVH) reaction, or after immunization with an allograft, tumor cell or virally transformed or chemically modified target cell. The lytic phenomenon is sometimes referred to as cell-mediated lympholysis (CML). These CD8-positive cells are distinct from NATURAL KILLER CELLS and NATURAL KILLER T-CELLS. There are two effector phenotypes: TC1 and TC2.Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus: Membrane glycoproteins from influenza viruses which are involved in hemagglutination, virus attachment, and envelope fusion. Fourteen distinct subtypes of HA glycoproteins and nine of NA glycoproteins have been identified from INFLUENZA A VIRUS; no subtypes have been identified for Influenza B or Influenza C viruses.Papillomavirus Infections: Neoplasms of the skin and mucous membranes caused by papillomaviruses. They are usually benign but some have a high risk for malignant progression.CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes: A critical subpopulation of T-lymphocytes involved in the induction of most immunological functions. The HIV virus has selective tropism for the T4 cell which expresses the CD4 phenotypic marker, a receptor for HIV. In fact, the key element in the profound immunosuppression seen in HIV infection is the depletion of this subset of T-lymphocytes.Poliomyelitis: An acute infectious disease of humans, particularly children, caused by any of three serotypes of human poliovirus (POLIOVIRUS). Usually the infection is limited to the gastrointestinal tract and nasopharynx, and is often asymptomatic. The central nervous system, primarily the spinal cord, may be affected, leading to rapidly progressive paralysis, coarse FASCICULATION and hyporeflexia. Motor neurons are primarily affected. Encephalitis may also occur. The virus replicates in the nervous system, and may cause significant neuronal loss, most notably in the spinal cord. A rare related condition, nonpoliovirus poliomyelitis, may result from infections with nonpoliovirus enteroviruses. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp764-5)Drug Storage: The process of keeping pharmaceutical products in an appropriate location.Antigens, Viral: Substances elaborated by viruses that have antigenic activity.Rabies: Acute VIRAL CNS INFECTION affecting mammals, including humans. It is caused by RABIES VIRUS and usually spread by contamination with virus-laden saliva of bites inflicted by rabid animals. Important animal vectors include the dog, cat, bat, fox, raccoon, skunk, and wolf.Clinical Trials as Topic: Works about pre-planned studies of the safety, efficacy, or optimum dosage schedule (if appropriate) of one or more diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic drugs, devices, or techniques selected according to predetermined criteria of eligibility and observed for predefined evidence of favorable and unfavorable effects. This concept includes clinical trials conducted both in the U.S. and in other countries.T-Lymphocytes: Lymphocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity. Two types have been identified - cytotoxic (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and helper T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER). They are formed when lymphocytes circulate through the THYMUS GLAND and differentiate to thymocytes. When exposed to an antigen, they divide rapidly and produce large numbers of new T cells sensitized to that antigen.Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte: Antigenic determinants recognized and bound by the T-cell receptor. Epitopes recognized by the T-cell receptor are often located in the inner, unexposed side of the antigen, and become accessible to the T-cell receptors after proteolytic processing of the antigen.Orthomyxoviridae Infections: Virus diseases caused by the ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE.Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic: A specific immune response elicited by a specific dose of an immunologically active substance or cell in an organism, tissue, or cell.Protozoan Proteins: Proteins found in any species of protozoan.Influenza A virus: The type species of the genus INFLUENZAVIRUS A that causes influenza and other diseases in humans and animals. Antigenic variation occurs frequently between strains, allowing classification into subtypes and variants. Transmission is usually by aerosol (human and most non-aquatic hosts) or waterborne (ducks). Infected birds shed the virus in their saliva, nasal secretions, and feces.Meningococcal Infections: Infections with bacteria of the species NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS.Vaccines, Marker: Vaccines used in conjunction with diagnostic tests to differentiate vaccinated animals from carrier animals. Marker vaccines can be either a subunit or a gene-deleted vaccine.Haemophilus influenzae type b: A type of H. influenzae isolated most frequently from biotype I. Prior to vaccine availability, it was a leading cause of childhood meningitis.Serotyping: Process of determining and distinguishing species of bacteria or viruses based on antigens they share.Yellow fever virus: The type species of the FLAVIVIRUS genus. Principal vector transmission to humans is by AEDES spp. mosquitoes.Neisseria meningitidis, Serogroup B: Strains of Neisseria meningitidis which are the most common ones causing infections or disease in infants. Serogroup B strains are isolated most frequently in sporadic cases, and are less common in outbreaks and epidemics.Immunity, Herd: The non-susceptibility to infection of a large group of individuals in a population. A variety of factors can be responsible for herd immunity and this gives rise to the different definitions used in the literature. Most commonly, herd immunity refers to the case when, if most of the population is immune, infection of a single individual will not cause an epidemic. Also, in such immunized populations, susceptible individuals are not likely to become infected. Herd immunity can also refer to the case when unprotected individuals fail to contract a disease because the infecting organism has been banished from the population.Dendritic Cells: Specialized cells of the hematopoietic system that have branch-like extensions. They are found throughout the lymphatic system, and in non-lymphoid tissues such as SKIN and the epithelia of the intestinal, respiratory, and reproductive tracts. They trap and process ANTIGENS, and present them to T-CELLS, thereby stimulating CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY. They are different from the non-hematopoietic FOLLICULAR DENDRITIC CELLS, which have a similar morphology and immune system function, but with respect to humoral immunity (ANTIBODY PRODUCTION).Lyme Disease Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent LYME DISEASE.Mumps: An acute infectious disease caused by RUBULAVIRUS, spread by direct contact, airborne droplet nuclei, fomites contaminated by infectious saliva, and perhaps urine, and usually seen in children under the age of 15, although adults may also be affected. (From Dorland, 28th ed)Immunotherapy: Manipulation of the host's immune system in treatment of disease. It includes both active and passive immunization as well as immunosuppressive therapy to prevent graft rejection.Amino Acid Sequence: The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.Disease Outbreaks: Sudden increase in the incidence of a disease. The concept includes EPIDEMICS and PANDEMICS.Tetanus: A disease caused by tetanospasmin, a powerful protein toxin produced by CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI. Tetanus usually occurs after an acute injury, such as a puncture wound or laceration. Generalized tetanus, the most common form, is characterized by tetanic muscular contractions and hyperreflexia. Localized tetanus presents itself as a mild condition with manifestations restricted to muscles near the wound. It may progress to the generalized form.Virus Shedding: The expelling of virus particles from the body. Important routes include the respiratory tract, genital tract, and intestinal tract. Virus shedding is an important means of vertical transmission (INFECTIOUS DISEASE TRANSMISSION, VERTICAL).Pandemics: Epidemics of infectious disease that have spread to many countries, often more than one continent, and usually affecting a large number of people.Pseudomonas Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent or treat PSEUDOMONAS INFECTIONS.HIV-1: The type species of LENTIVIRUS and the etiologic agent of AIDS. It is characterized by its cytopathic effect and affinity for the T4-lymphocyte.Immunity: Nonsusceptibility to the invasive or pathogenic effects of foreign microorganisms or to the toxic effect of antigenic substances.Disease Models, Animal: Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.Viral Envelope Proteins: Layers of protein which surround the capsid in animal viruses with tubular nucleocapsids. The envelope consists of an inner layer of lipids and virus specified proteins also called membrane or matrix proteins. The outer layer consists of one or more types of morphological subunits called peplomers which project from the viral envelope; this layer always consists of glycoproteins.Administration, Oral: The giving of drugs, chemicals, or other substances by mouth.Meningitis, Meningococcal: A fulminant infection of the meninges and subarachnoid fluid by the bacterium NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS, producing diffuse inflammation and peri-meningeal venous thromboses. Clinical manifestations include FEVER, nuchal rigidity, SEIZURES, severe HEADACHE, petechial rash, stupor, focal neurologic deficits, HYDROCEPHALUS, and COMA. The organism is usually transmitted via nasopharyngeal secretions and is a leading cause of meningitis in children and young adults. Organisms from Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A, B, C, Y, and W-135 have been reported to cause meningitis. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp689-701; Curr Opin Pediatr 1998 Feb;10(1):13-8)HIV Antibodies: Antibodies reactive with HIV ANTIGENS.Hepatitis B Antibodies: Antibodies to the HEPATITIS B ANTIGENS, including antibodies to the surface (Australia) and core of the Dane particle and those to the "e" antigens.Diphtheria: A localized infection of mucous membranes or skin caused by toxigenic strains of CORYNEBACTERIUM DIPHTHERIAE. It is characterized by the presence of a pseudomembrane at the site of infection. DIPHTHERIA TOXIN, produced by C. diphtheriae, can cause myocarditis, polyneuritis, and other systemic toxic effects.United StatesImmunologic Memory: The altered state of immunologic responsiveness resulting from initial contact with antigen, which enables the individual to produce antibodies more rapidly and in greater quantity in response to secondary antigenic stimulus.Bordetella pertussis: A species of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria that is the causative agent of WHOOPING COUGH. Its cells are minute coccobacilli that are surrounded by a slime sheath.Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte: Antigenic determinants recognized and bound by the B-cell receptor. Epitopes recognized by the B-cell receptor are located on the surface of the antigen.Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay: A method of detection of the number of cells in a sample secreting a specific molecule. With this method, a population of cells are plated over top of the immunosorbent substrate that captures the secreted molecules.Plasmodium falciparum: A species of protozoa that is the causal agent of falciparum malaria (MALARIA, FALCIPARUM). It is most prevalent in the tropics and subtropics.Reassortant Viruses: Viruses containing two or more pieces of nucleic acid (segmented genome) from different parents. Such viruses are produced in cells coinfected with different strains of a given virus.Biolistics: Techniques where DNA is delivered directly into organelles at high speed using projectiles coated with nucleic acid, shot from a helium-powered gun (gene gun). One of these techniques involves immunization by DNA VACCINES, which delivers DNA-coated gold beads to the epidermis.Vero Cells: A CELL LINE derived from the kidney of the African green (vervet) monkey, (CERCOPITHECUS AETHIOPS) used primarily in virus replication studies and plaque assays.Time Factors: Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.Rabies virus: The type species of LYSSAVIRUS causing rabies in humans and other animals. Transmission is mostly by animal bites through saliva. The virus is neurotropic multiplying in neurons and myotubes of vertebrates.Rotavirus: A genus of REOVIRIDAE, causing acute gastroenteritis in BIRDS and MAMMALS, including humans. Transmission is horizontal and by environmental contamination. Seven species (Rotaviruses A thru G) are recognized.Antigens, Neoplasm: Proteins, glycoprotein, or lipoprotein moieties on surfaces of tumor cells that are usually identified by monoclonal antibodies. Many of these are of either embryonic or viral origin.Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins: Proteins isolated from the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.HIV Infections: Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).Bacterial Proteins: Proteins found in any species of bacterium.Lymphocyte Activation: Morphologic alteration of small B LYMPHOCYTES or T LYMPHOCYTES in culture into large blast-like cells able to synthesize DNA and RNA and to divide mitotically. It is induced by INTERLEUKINS; MITOGENS such as PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS, and by specific ANTIGENS. It may also occur in vivo as in GRAFT REJECTION.Haemophilus Infections: Infections with bacteria of the genus HAEMOPHILUS.Cercopithecus aethiops: A species of CERCOPITHECUS containing three subspecies: C. tantalus, C. pygerythrus, and C. sabeus. They are found in the forests and savannah of Africa. The African green monkey (C. pygerythrus) is the natural host of SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS and is used in AIDS research.Antibody Specificity: The property of antibodies which enables them to react with some ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS and not with others. Specificity is dependent on chemical composition, physical forces, and molecular structure at the binding site.Double-Blind Method: A method of studying a drug or procedure in which both the subjects and investigators are kept unaware of who is actually getting which specific treatment.Immunity, Active: Resistance to a disease agent resulting from the production of specific antibodies by the host, either after exposure to the disease or after vaccination.Injections, Subcutaneous: Forceful administration under the skin of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through a hollow needle piercing the skin.Chickenpox: A highly contagious infectious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN). It usually affects children, is spread by direct contact or respiratory route via droplet nuclei, and is characterized by the appearance on the skin and mucous membranes of successive crops of typical pruritic vesicular lesions that are easily broken and become scabbed. Chickenpox is relatively benign in children, but may be complicated by pneumonia and encephalitis in adults. (From Dorland, 27th ed)Cholera: An acute diarrheal disease endemic in India and Southeast Asia whose causative agent is VIBRIO CHOLERAE. This condition can lead to severe dehydration in a matter of hours unless quickly treated.Ferrets: Semidomesticated variety of European polecat much used for hunting RODENTS and/or RABBITS and as a laboratory animal. It is in the subfamily Mustelinae, family MUSTELIDAE.Virulence: The degree of pathogenicity within a group or species of microorganisms or viruses as indicated by case fatality rates and/or the ability of the organism to invade the tissues of the host. The pathogenic capacity of an organism is determined by its VIRULENCE FACTORS.Cytokines: Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.Technology, Pharmaceutical: The application of scientific knowledge or technology to pharmacy and the pharmaceutical industry. It includes methods, techniques, and instrumentation in the manufacture, preparation, compounding, dispensing, packaging, and storing of drugs and other preparations used in diagnostic and determinative procedures, and in the treatment of patients.Product Surveillance, Postmarketing: Surveillance of drugs, devices, appliances, etc., for efficacy or adverse effects, after they have been released for general sale.Cell Line: Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.Immunization, Passive: Transfer of immunity from immunized to non-immune host by administration of serum antibodies, or transplantation of lymphocytes (ADOPTIVE TRANSFER).Infant, Newborn: An infant during the first month after birth.Plasmids: Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.Salmonella typhi: A serotype of SALMONELLA ENTERICA which is the etiologic agent of TYPHOID FEVER.Toxoids: Preparations of pathogenic organisms or their derivatives made nontoxic and intended for active immunologic prophylaxis. They include deactivated toxins. Anatoxin toxoids are distinct from anatoxins that are TROPANES found in CYANOBACTERIA.Adenovirus Vaccines: Vaccines used to prevent infection by any virus from the family ADENOVIRIDAE.Orthomyxoviridae: A family of RNA viruses causing INFLUENZA and other diseases. There are five recognized genera: INFLUENZAVIRUS A; INFLUENZAVIRUS B; INFLUENZAVIRUS C; ISAVIRUS; and THOGOTOVIRUS.Adenoviridae: A family of non-enveloped viruses infecting mammals (MASTADENOVIRUS) and birds (AVIADENOVIRUS) or both (ATADENOVIRUS). Infections may be asymptomatic or result in a variety of diseases.Alzheimer Vaccines: Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent or treat ALZHEIMER DISEASE.Simian immunodeficiency virus: Species of the genus LENTIVIRUS, subgenus primate immunodeficiency viruses (IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES, PRIMATE), that induces acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in monkeys and apes (SAIDS). The genetic organization of SIV is virtually identical to HIV.Dengue Virus: A species of the genus FLAVIVIRUS which causes an acute febrile and sometimes hemorrhagic disease in man. Dengue is mosquito-borne and four serotypes are known.Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola: A highly fatal, acute hemorrhagic fever, clinically very similar to MARBURG VIRUS DISEASE, caused by EBOLAVIRUS, first occurring in the Sudan and adjacent northwestern (what was then) Zaire.Plague: An acute infectious disease caused by YERSINIA PESTIS that affects humans, wild rodents, and their ectoparasites. This condition persists due to its firm entrenchment in sylvatic rodent-flea ecosystems throughout the world. Bubonic plague is the most common form.Recombinant Proteins: Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

Interrupting the transmission of respiratory tract infections: theory and practice. (1/1781)

Interruption of transmission has always been one of the most attractive approaches for infection control. The technologies available were severely limited before the development of appropriate vaccines. Mathematically, the proportion of those who need to be immune to interrupt transmission can be derived from the Ro, which represents the number of new cases infected by a single case when all contacts are susceptible. Purely respiratory infections have critical characteristics affecting transmission that are different from key childhood vaccine-preventable diseases spread by the respiratory route. They include frequent reinfections and antigenic changes of the agents. Pragmatic approaches to understanding their potential effect can be found in experimental and programmatic use of vaccines such as those for Haemophilus influenzae type b and influenza virus infections. Results of these experiences can in turn strengthen the development of transmission theory.  (+info)

Home delivery of heat-stable vaccines in Indonesia: outreach immunization with a prefilled, single-use injection device. (2/1781)

Extending immunization coverage to underserved populations will require innovative immunization strategies. This study evaluated one such strategy: the use of a prefilled, single-use injection device for outreach immunization by village midwives. The device, UniJect, is designed to prevent refilling or reuse. Stored at ambient temperatures for up to 1 month in midwives' homes, vaccine-filled UniJect devices were immediately available for outreach. Between July 1995 and April 1996, 110 midwives on the Indonesia islands of Lombok and Bali visited the homes of newborn infants to deliver hepatitis B vaccine to the infants and tetanus toxoid to their mothers. Observations and interviews showed that the midwives used the device properly and safely to administer approximately 10,000 sterile injections in home settings. There were no problems with excessive heat exposure during the storage or delivery of vaccine. Injection recipients and midwives expressed a strong preference for the UniJect device over a standard syringe. Use of the prefilled device outside the cold chain simplified the logistics and facilitated the speed and efficiency of home visits, while the single-dose format minimized vaccine wastage.  (+info)

A contraceptive peptide vaccine targeting sulfated glycoprotein ZP2 of the mouse zona pellucida. (3/1781)

In this study, we have mapped and characterized a B cell epitope of sulfated glycoprotein ZP2 (ZP2) as a step toward the development of a multi-epitope zona pellucida (ZP) vaccine. Recombinant polypeptides expressed by random deoxyribonuclease-digested fragments of ZP2 cDNA were screened for binding to IE-3, a monoclonal antibody to murine ZP2. Positive clones contained cDNA inserts encoding polypeptide corresponding to ZP2(103-134). When normal or ovariectomized female mice were immunized with three overlapping peptides that span this region of ZP2 (101-120, 111-130, 121-140), only ZP2(121-140) elicited IgG antibodies that reacted with mouse ovarian ZP, indicative of the presence of native B epitope and helper T cell epitope in ZP2(121-140). To more finely map the ZP2 B cell epitope, a random peptide display library was screened with the IE-3 antibody, and a consensus tetramer sequence VxYK that matched the ZP2(123-126) sequence VRYK was located. Competitive immunofluorescence analysis with single alanine-substituted VxYK peptides ranked the relative contribution of the three critical B cell epitope residues as Y > V > K. A chimeric peptide was constructed that contained the YRYK motif of ZP2 and a bovine RNase T cell epitope. Although (C57BL/6xA/J) F1 (B6AF1) female mice immunized with the chimeric peptide developed ZP antibody response, this peptide elicited antibody only in mice of the histocompatibility complex (MHC) H-2(k or b) haplotype. In contrast, ZP2(121-140) peptide elicited antibody in inbred mice with three additional mouse MHC haplotypes. Moreover, although ZP2(121-140) contained a T cell epitope, no oophoritis was observed after immunization of B6AF1 mice with ZP2(121-140) in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). In a preliminary trial, female B6AF1 mice immunized with ZP2(121-140) in CFA had reduced litter sizes as compared with mice injected with CFA alone.  (+info)

Molecular characterization of a Haemaphysalis longicornis tick salivary gland-associated 29-kilodalton protein and its effect as a vaccine against tick infestation in rabbits. (4/1781)

The use of tick vaccines in mammalian hosts has been shown to be the most promising alternative tick control method to current use of acaricides, which suffers from a number of limitations. However, the success of this method is dependent on the identification, cloning, and in vitro expression of tick molecules involved in the mediation of key physiological roles with respect to the biological success of a tick as a vector and pest. We have sequenced and characterized a Haemaphysalis longicornis tick salivary gland-associated cDNA coding for a 29-kDa extracellular matrix-like protein. This protein is expressed in both unfed and fed immature and mature H. longicornis ticks. The predicted amino acid sequence of p29 shows high homology to sequences of some known extracellular matrix like-proteins with the structural conservation similar to all known collagen proteins. Immunization with the recombinant p29 conferred a significant protective immunity in rabbits, resulting in reduced engorgement weight for adult ticks and up to 40 and 56% mortality in larvae and nymphs that fed on the immunized rabbits. We speculate that this protein is associated with formation of tick cement, a chemical compound that enables the tick to remain attached to the host, and suggest a role for p29 as a candidate tick vaccine molecule for the control of ticks. We have discussed our findings with respect to the search of tick molecules for vaccine candidates.  (+info)

Impact of vaccines universally recommended for children--United States, 1990-1998. (5/1781)

At the beginning of the 20th century, infectious diseases were widely prevalent in the United States and exacted an enormous toll on the population. For example, in 1900, 21,064 smallpox cases were reported, and 894 patients died. In 1920, 469,924 measles cases were reported, and 7575 patients died; 147,991 diphtheria cases were reported, and 13,170 patients died. In 1922, 107,473 pertussis cases were reported, and 5099 patients died.  (+info)

Interleukin-12 as an adjuvant for an antischistosome vaccine consisting of adult worm antigens: protection of rats from cercarial challenge. (6/1781)

Our group previously demonstrated that a detergent extract (fraction S3) prepared from immature (4-week) Schistosoma mansoni parasites can induce partial, serum-transferable immunity to challenge infection in rats when administered as an alum precipitate. In the present study, we examined whether S3 prepared from adult (7-week) worms could similarly induce protection and whether immunity could be positively influenced by treatment with interleukin-12 (IL-12). IL-12 coadministered to Fischer rats and C57BL/6 mice at the time of S3 vaccination altered the prechallenge kinetics of S3-specific antibody titers in both species, ultimately leading to a stable enhancement of titers (relative to those in animals vaccinated without IL-12) in mice but not rats. Immunoblot analysis of prechallenge immune sera demonstrated that IL-12 treatment was associated with changes in the S3 antigen recognition profile in each species. Isotyping of specific antibodies in S3- plus IL-12-vaccinated mice prior to challenge infection revealed a moderate elevation in immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) responses, strongly enhanced IgG2a and IgG2b responses, as well as diminished total serum IgE responses compared to those in mice given S3 only. In vaccinated rats, IL-12 profoundly suppressed specific IgG1 and enhanced IgG2b responses but did not affect IgG2a responses. S3- plus IL-12-vaccinated rats also produced less total IgE upon challenge infection. Enumeration of worm burdens revealed that vaccination with S3 plus IL-12 conferred 50% protection from cercarial challenge to rats, whereas rats given S3 only were not protected; mice were not protected by S3 vaccination regardless of IL-12 coadministration. The protection observed in S3- plus IL-12-vaccinated rats could not be transferred with serum, suggesting participation of an activated cellular component in the expression of immunity.  (+info)

Single-dose mucosal immunization with biodegradable microparticles containing a Schistosoma mansoni antigen. (7/1781)

The purpose of this work was to assess the immunogenicity of a single nasal or oral administration of recombinant 28-kDa glutathione S-transferase of Schistosoma mansoni (rSm28GST) entrapped by poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLG)- or polycaprolactone (PCL)-biodegradable microparticles. Whatever the polymer and the route of administration used, the equivalent of 100 microg of entrapped rSm28GST induced a long-lasting and stable antigen-specific serum antibody response, with a peak at 9 to 10 weeks following immunization. Isotype profiles were comparable, with immunoglobulin G1 being the predominant isotype produced. The abilities of specific antisera to neutralize the rSm28GST enzymatic activity have been used as criteria of immune response quality. Pooled 10-week sera from mice receiving PLG microparticles by the nasal or oral route neutralized the rSm28GST enzymatic activity, whereas sera of mice receiving either PCL microparticles, free rSm28GST, or empty microparticles inefficiently neutralized this enzymatic activity. Finally, this study shows that a single administration of these microparticles could provide distinct and timely release pulses of microencapsulated antigen, which might greatly facilitate future vaccine development.  (+info)

Heat shock protein-based therapeutic strategies against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. (8/1781)

Heat shock proteins (hsps) and cyclophilins (CypA) are intracellular chaperone molecules that facilitate protein folding and assembly. These proteins are selectively expressed in cells following exposure to a range of stress stimuli, including viral infection. Hsp species are highly immunogenic, eliciting humoral, cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL), and natural killer (NK) cell responses against viruses, tumours, and infectious diseases. This review discusses the roles of stress proteins in immunity and viral life cycles, vis-a-vis the development of Hsp-based therapeutic strategies against human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection. Cumulative findings are cited implicating the requirement of CypA in HIV-1 replication and formation of infectious virions. Studies by our group show the upregulated expression of hsp27 and hsp70 during single-cycle HIV infections. These species redistribute to the cell surface following HIV-infection and heat stress, serving as targets for NK and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Co-immunoprecipitation and Western blot studies show that hsp27, hsp70, and hsp78 complex with HIV-1 viral proteins intracellularly. Hsp70, hsp56, and CypA are assembled into HIV-1 virions. The ability of hsps to interact with HIV-1 viral proteins, combined with their inherent adjuvant and immunogenic properties, indicates that hsps may serve as vehicles for antigen delivery and the design of vaccines against acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.  (+info)

The Vaccine Safety Datalink: A Model for Monitoring Immunization Safety | Vaccine-Safety System and Vaccine-Safety Studies |...The Vaccine Safety Datalink: A Model for Monitoring Immunization Safety | Vaccine-Safety System and Vaccine-Safety Studies |...
The VSD has conducted important vaccine-safety research since its inception in 1990, and since 2001 it has made changes that have enhanced its ability to answer urgent questions about vaccine safety and other immunization-related issues and to inform US vaccination policy.. The ability of the VSD to adapt to a changing environment is exemplified by the development of the DDM, the creation of DDFs, and the implementation of RCA projects. The DDM, a system for securely and quickly transferring data within the VSD, was developed in response to heightened confidentiality concerns. The DDM enabled the development of the DDFs. Together, the DDM and DDFs enabled the implementation of RCA, which is allowing researchers to monitor events in near real-time after the introduction of new vaccines and new vaccine recommendations. The VSD continues to refine previously used methodologies and develop new methodologies, such as the maximized sequential probability ratio test (maxSPRT), which is applicable to ...
Active Surveillance for Adverse Events: The Experience of the Vaccine Safety Datalink Project | Vaccine-Safety System and...Active Surveillance for Adverse Events: The Experience of the Vaccine Safety Datalink Project | Vaccine-Safety System and...
On the basis of computerized International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes, 5 apparent cases of GBS generated a signal after vaccination with MCV4. Each of the GBS cases had been reviewed after its appearance, and none represented a true instance of new onset of GBS symptoms during the observation window of days 1 through 42. Two were instances of follow-up for preexisting GBS; 1 had not been diagnosed with GBS but rather with a different neurologic syndrome that did not meet our case definition; 1 was an instance of rule-out of a differential diagnosis of GBS; and 1 had symptom onset on day 0 and, thus, was not considered plausibly related to vaccination.. In summary, the reasons for the 10 signals fell into 1 of 7 categories: (1) a confirmed vaccine-safety problem (MMRV-seizure); (2) temporal changes in incidence or coding (possibly the second RotaTeq gastrointestinal bleeding signal); (3) other confounding (by age: the first RotaTeq-gastrointestinal bleeding signal); (4) ...
Safety of Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Monovalent Vaccines --- United States, October 1--November 24, 2009Safety of Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Monovalent Vaccines --- United States, October 1--November 24, 2009
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) licensed the first 2009 influenza A (H1N1) monovalent vaccines ("H1N1 vaccines") on September 15, 2009 (1). The H1N1 vaccines are available as a live, attenuated monovalent vaccine (LAMV) for intranasal administration and as monovalent, inactivated, split-virus or subunit vaccines for injection (MIV). The licensure and manufacturing processes for the monovalent H1N1 vaccines were the same as those used for seasonal trivalent inactivated (TIV) or trivalent live, attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV); none of these vaccines contains an adjuvant (1). Vaccine safety monitoring is an important component of all vaccination programs. To assess the safety profile of H1N1 vaccines in the United States, CDC reviewed vaccine safety results for the H1N1 vaccines from 3,783 reports received through the U.S. Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) and electronic data from 438,376 persons vaccinated in managed-care organizations in the Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD), ...
adverse events following immunization Archives - Vaccine Choice Canadaadverse events following immunization Archives - Vaccine Choice Canada
By joining Vaccine Choice Canada, you receive our internationally acclaimed newsletter twice a year as well as privileged access to our newsletter archive. To support our educational and outreach work , please join Vaccine Choice Canada today. Sign Me Up!. ...
Coalition for Vaccine Safety Asks Parents to Contact Media - La Leva di Archimede (ENG)Coalition for Vaccine Safety Asks Parents to Contact Media - La Leva di Archimede (ENG)
3. These decisions highlight the inadequacy and possible suppression of vaccine safety science.. a. There is overwhelming, uncontested scientific evidence that mercury causes neurological damage and immune dysfunction.. b. The health of these children improved dramatically when they were treated for heavy metal toxicity and immune dysfunction. Their condition was treatable, not immutable.. c. The government removed thimerosal from routine childhood vaccines because of safety concerns.. d. The government has failed to do serious research on children with regressive autism.. e. Until December 2009, the Centers for Disease Control denied any real rise in autism prevalence.. f. Petitioners were unable to gain access in this Court to taxpayer-financed data from the Vaccine Safety Datalink, the most important source of data on vaccine safety.. g. HHS assertion of no thimerosal-autism link is dubious.. 4. These test cases further erode trust in the National Immunization Program, when trust is already ...
US Government Exposed:.. For 30 Years, it Broke the Law on Vaccine SafetyUS Government Exposed:.. For 30 Years, it Broke the Law on Vaccine Safety
https://jonrappoport.wordpress.com/2018/07/16/us-government-exposed-for-30-years-it-broke-the-law-on-vaccine-safety/. For 30 years, the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) broke the law regarding vaccine safety, and no one noticed or cared.. Then two men came along and discovered the scandal: Robert F Kennedy, Jr. (twitter), head of the World Mercury Project, and Del Bigtree (twitter 1, twitter 2, FB, web), the producer of the film Vaxxed. They filed papers in court, and they won their case.. Here is the issue in a nutshell: In 1986, a law, the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act, was passed. It insanely excused vaccine makers from legal liability stemming from unsafe vaccines and the injuries they cause. Buried in the law was a provision ordering the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to update Congress, every two years, on its efforts to improve vaccine safety.. Kennedy and Bigtree thought it would be very interesting to read these HHS reports-all 16 of them. So ...
Vaccine-preventable diseases - WikipediaVaccine-preventable diseases - Wikipedia
A vaccine-preventable disease is an infectious disease for which an effective preventive vaccine exists. If a person acquires a vaccine-preventable disease and dies from it, the death is considered a vaccine-preventable death. The most common and serious vaccine-preventable diseases tracked by the World Health Organization (WHO) are: diphtheria, Haemophilus influenzae serotype b infection, hepatitis B, measles, meningitis, mumps, pertussis, poliomyelitis, rubella, tetanus, tuberculosis, and yellow fever. The WHO reports licensed vaccines being available to prevent, or contribute to the prevention and control of, 25 vaccine-preventable infections. In 2012, the World Health Organization estimated that vaccination prevents 2.5 million deaths each year. If there is 100% immunization, and 100% efficacy of the vaccines, one out of seven deaths among young children could be prevented, mostly in developing countries, making this an important global health issue. Four diseases were responsible for 98% of ...
TSRI scientists design nicotine vaccine that provokes robust immune response | EurekAlert! Science NewsTSRI scientists design nicotine vaccine that provokes robust immune response | EurekAlert! Science News
When a promising nicotine vaccine failed in clinical trials a few years ago, scientists from The Scripps Research Institute were determined to keep trying to help smokers overcome their addiction. Now the team has designed a more effective nicotine vaccine and proven that the structures of molecules used in vaccines is critical.
Childhood vaccines: Tough questions, straight answers - Mayo ClinicChildhood vaccines: Tough questions, straight answers - Mayo Clinic
Childhood vaccines protect children from a variety of serious or potentially fatal diseases, including diphtheria, measles, polio and whooping cough (pertussis). If these diseases seem uncommon - or even unheard of - its usually because these vaccines are doing their job.. Still, you might wonder about the benefits and risks of childhood vaccines. Here are straight answers to common questions about childhood vaccines.. A natural infection might provide better immunity than vaccination - but there are serious risks. For example, a natural chickenpox (varicella) infection could lead to pneumonia. A natural polio infection could cause permanent paralysis. A natural mumps infection could lead to deafness. A natural Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) infection could result in permanent brain damage. Vaccination can help prevent these diseases and their potentially serious complications.. Vaccines do not cause autism. Despite much controversy on the topic, researchers havent found a connection ...
IOM report on national vaccine planIOM report on national vaccine plan
Given the absence of a framework to set a national vaccine-safety research agenda, the National Vaccine Plan should call for expanded funding for safety research and include establishing a permanent group to advise the government on safety issues, the report says. Little vaccine research supported by the National Institutes of Health appears to be geared toward safety, the committee noted. Moreover, as the number and kinds of vaccines have increased, funding to monitor safety has not. The monitoring system has successfully caught problems such as a rare but severe intestinal injury linked to a discontinued rotavirus vaccine, but the Immunization Safety Office within the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention needs more resources to do its work. A new vaccine safety advisory group could guide efforts to address potential safety concerns and the development of a research agenda with clear priorities ...
The CDC Claimed To Epidemiological Safety Studies - Verses - The Independent Physiological Vaccine Safety Science - Dirty Big...The CDC Claimed To Epidemiological Safety Studies - Verses - The Independent Physiological Vaccine Safety Science - Dirty Big...
And we are told by the CDC that all the science has shown no connection between vaccines and ASD. But what did they actually look at? Did they do actual physiological studies on and as to the effect of vaccines and multiple vaccines on actual human being, and/or lab animals? No, they did not. What did they do and have they done? They did only population studies on one single vaccine, (the MMR vaccine); and population studies on one single vaccine ingredient, (Thimerosal, aka ethyl mercury). No studies were done on any other vaccines, nor other vaccine ingredients, nor were any done on combined multiple and nor repeated vaccine doses. And they tell us that they have done and looked at all the vaccine safety science; and apparently all the science that they feel would and should ever being needed. The general population and even the medical profession has believed this to be sufficient. There has as well never been done any officially recognized small nor large scale epidemiological study done, ...
Independent Studies On Vaccine Safety | Australian Vaccination-skeptics Network Inc.Independent Studies On Vaccine Safety | Australian Vaccination-skeptics Network Inc.
This article in Pace International Law Review reports on how the pharmaceutical companies have been given immunity from being sued for vaccine damage, in the USA. This lack of accountability is of great concern.. Supreme Court Gives Big Pharmaceuticals a Vaccination Against Lawsuits. "Vaccines are a type of unavoidably unsafe product; that is, a vaccine is a product that is incapable of being made safe for its intended and ordinary use … The Court takes as true the premise that vaccines are unavoidably unsafe. Since the government mandates the use of an unavoidably unsafe product, it is reasonable to believe that some people will be injured by it. Vaccine makers will take a big hit if everyone that is injured sues, and an even bigger hit if plaintiffs are successful - since vaccine makers will then be obligated to compensate their victims.". ...
Vaccine SafetyVaccine Safety
CDC Clinical Immunization Safety Assessment (CISA) Project. National network of vaccine safety experts from the CDCs Immunization Safety Office (ISO), seven medical research centers, and other partners, which provides a comprehensive vaccine safety public health service to the nation.. Ensuring the Safety of Vaccines in the United States. Information from the CDC. If You Choose Not to Vaccinate Your Child, Understand the Risks and Responsibilities. If you choose to delay some vaccines or reject some vaccines entirely, there can be risks. Follow these steps from the CDC to protect your child, your family, and others.. Influenza Vaccine Safety. Childhood Influenza Immunization Coaltion (CIIC) FAQs. The Childhood Immunization Schedule and Safety: Stakeholder Concerns, Scientific Evidence, and Future Studies. Institute of Medicine (IOM). The Journey of Your Childs Vaccine. The vaccines your child gets have a long journey before they arrive at your pediatricians office. All along the way, ...
ActHIB vaccine Archives - SaneVax, Inc.ActHIB vaccine Archives - SaneVax, Inc.
Posted: March 18, 2011 05:46 PM. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention wants to study autism as a possible clinical outcome of immunization, as part of its newly adopted 5-year research agenda for vaccine safety, the agency said on its website.. The CDC will also study mitochondrial dysfunction and the potential risk for post-vaccine "neurological deterioration," and convene an expert panel on the feasibility of studying health outcomes such as autism among vaccinated and unvaccinated children.. The CDC plan adopts recommendations approved by the National Vaccine Advisory Committee of the US Department of Health and Human Services. It also comes one month after the federal governments leading autism body, the Interagency Autism Coordinating Committee (IACC), announced a shift in research priorities toward environmental triggers for autism, which the IACC said could include toxins, biological agents and "adverse events following immunization.". The Centers for Disease Control and ...
Warning: Many childhood vaccines contain aborted human fetal protein, DNAWarning: Many childhood vaccines contain aborted human fetal protein, DNA
The National Vaccine Information Center (NVIC), a non-profit vaccine safety group, recently conducted an independent review of the contents of childhood vaccines and found that many of them are tainted with ingredients that would shock most parents. According to the manufacturer-produced package inserts included with each vaccine batch, many vaccines are made with disturbing ingredients like aborted human fetal proteins, altered DNA material, and even genetically-modified (GM) human albumin.. This shocking information was compiled as part of an NVIC safety review on the childhood vaccination schedule, which has been called into question in recent years due to a steady increase in cases of autism and other forms of neurological and brain damage among vaccinated children. As it turns out, there are at least eight, and as many as 23, vaccines routinely administered to children that contain one or more of these questionable ingredients - and if the general public truly knew about this, there would ...
SMS Mobile Technology for Vaccine Coverage and Acceptance - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govSMS Mobile Technology for Vaccine Coverage and Acceptance - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
To pilot test a mobile phone SMS system that will provide periodical messaging texts to mothers or custodians of infants who come for their first dose vaccines within the first 3 months of life to improve timely immunization coverage, vaccine acceptance and ensure vaccine safety monitoring. The intervention will include a cloud-based information system alimented by mobile phone data entry at the health post nurse level, that links child vaccination status and is able to remind parents and nurses of the need for next vaccination appointment and provide a system for reporting of adverse events following immunization in the immediate post-vaccination period ...
Menactra Archives - SaneVax, Inc.Menactra Archives - SaneVax, Inc.
Posted: March 18, 2011 05:46 PM. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention wants to study autism as a possible clinical outcome of immunization, as part of its newly adopted 5-year research agenda for vaccine safety, the agency said on its website.. The CDC will also study mitochondrial dysfunction and the potential risk for post-vaccine "neurological deterioration," and convene an expert panel on the feasibility of studying health outcomes such as autism among vaccinated and unvaccinated children.. The CDC plan adopts recommendations approved by the National Vaccine Advisory Committee of the US Department of Health and Human Services. It also comes one month after the federal governments leading autism body, the Interagency Autism Coordinating Committee (IACC), announced a shift in research priorities toward environmental triggers for autism, which the IACC said could include toxins, biological agents and "adverse events following immunization.". The Centers for Disease Control and ...
Science and Policy on Vaccine Safety Science:Absence of Evidence Abused as Evidence of Absence: Part 1 - jameslyonsweiler...Science and Policy on Vaccine Safety Science:'Absence of Evidence' Abused as 'Evidence of Absence': Part 1 - jameslyonsweiler...
THERE IS A DISTURBING AND CONSISTENT trend in the vaccine safety literature for government-affiliated researchers in the misinterpretation of negative results from studies of specific, serious adverse events from vaccines, such as autism, encephalopathy, ADHD, and other serious neurological injuries. Heres the (il)logic flow: Conduct a retrospective epidemiological study (case/control, or cohort) with a relatively…
Scientists closer to develop protection against Zika, with multiple vaccines | India Live TodayScientists closer to develop protection against Zika, with multiple vaccines | India Live Today
Our data demonstrate that a single dose of a DNA vaccine or a purified inactivated virus vaccine provides complete protection against the ZIKV challenge in mice," said senior author Dan H. Barouch, adding "Importantly, we showed that vaccine-induced antibodies provided protection, similar to existing vaccines for other flaviviruses.". The researchers tested two vaccine candidates: a DNA vaccine developed in the Barouch laboratory at BIDMC, and a purified inactivated virus vaccine developed at WRAIR. The DNA vaccine used gene sequences from a ZIKV strain from Brazil to elicit immune responses.. Four weeks following vaccination, mice were exposed to the Brazilian strain of ZIKV, which had previously been shown to cause defects in fetal mice similar to those observed in ZIKV infected humans. All vaccinated mice were protected from ZIKV replication. Other mice were vaccinated and exposed to infection eight weeks later and were also protected from infection.. Barouch noted that the effectiveness of ...
NewYork-Presbyterian Queens - Whats New with Childhood Vaccines?NewYork-Presbyterian Queens - What's New with Childhood Vaccines?
Most parents have their children vaccinated. However, some parents have concerns about the safety of vaccines.. For instance, some worry that the MMR vaccine might cause autism. But vaccine safety experts agree that the rise in autism rates is not due to the vaccine. In addition, the Institute of Medicine looked into these claims and found no link between autism and the MMR vaccine. Whats more, the Lancet recently retracted the 1998 study that first suggested a link between the two.. Most health experts agree that the benefits of vaccination outweigh the risks. Nonetheless, if you are worried about childhood vaccines, talk with your childs doctor. Here are some questions you might ask:. ...
NewYork-Presbyterian Queens - Whats New with Childhood Vaccines?NewYork-Presbyterian Queens - What's New with Childhood Vaccines?
Most parents have their children vaccinated. However, some parents have concerns about the safety of vaccines.. For instance, some worry that the MMR vaccine might cause autism. But vaccine safety experts agree that the rise in autism rates is not due to the vaccine. In addition, the Institute of Medicine looked into these claims and found no link between autism and the MMR vaccine. Whats more, the Lancet recently retracted the 1998 study that first suggested a link between the two.. Most health experts agree that the benefits of vaccination outweigh the risks. Nonetheless, if you are worried about childhood vaccines, talk with your childs doctor. Here are some questions you might ask:. ...
Global Vaccines Market is anticipated to reach US$ 60 Billion by 2022 | New Jersey HeadlinesGlobal Vaccines Market is anticipated to reach US$ 60 Billion by 2022 | New Jersey Headlines
Global Vaccines Market to reach US$ 60 Billion by the year 2022. Pediatric vaccines market is having a dominant market share compared to Adult vaccines market. By 2022 Pediatric vaccines market share will be double the size of adult vaccines market share. Worldwide the number of infants immunized by influenza vaccines remain considerably low than that of adults immunized in year 2017. While the number of Rotavirus doses administered in infants is forecast to increase over the years and reach nearly 15 Million by the year 2022. Adult Vaccine Market Share Analysis. Out of the total 9 Adult vaccines (Influenza, Cervical Cancer, Zoster, MMRV, Pneumococcal, Meningococcal, Hepatitis, TdaP, Travel) studied in the report Influenza vaccines dominates the adult vaccine market in 2017.. Pediatric Vaccine Market Share Analysis. Our analysis found that in year 2017; Pneumococcal and Combination vaccine together accounts for nearly 50% of the pediatric vaccine market share. Other Pediatric vaccines market ...
Welcome to CDC stacks | MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, Vol. 63, no. 34, August 29, 2014 - 29258 | Morbidity and...Welcome to CDC stacks | MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, Vol. 63, no. 34, August 29, 2014 - 29258 | Morbidity and...
National, State, and Selected Local Area Vaccination Coverage Among Children Aged 19-35 Months - United States, 2013 -- Assessment of Rabies Exposure Risk in a Group of U.S. Air Force Basic Trainees - Texas, January 2014 -- Update on Cases of Delayed Hemolysis After Parenteral Artesunate Therapy for Malaria - United States, 2008 and 2013 -- Assessing and Mitigating the Risks for Polio Outbreaks in Polio-Free Countries - Africa, 2013-2014 -- QuickStats: Weight Perception Among Children and Adolescents Aged 8-15 Years, by Sex and Body Mass Index (BMI) Category - National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), United States, 2005-2012 -- Notifiable Diseases and Mortality Tables ...
H9N2 Avian Flu Vaccine Paired With Adjuvant Provokes Strong Human Immune Response At Low Doses | EmaxHealthH9N2 Avian Flu Vaccine Paired With Adjuvant Provokes Strong Human Immune Response At Low Doses | EmaxHealth
In 2004, NIAID directed Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics (formerly Chiron Corporation) to produce 40,000 doses of an experimental H9N2 vaccine at its vaccine manufacturing facility in Siena, Italy. Some of the vaccines were formulated with Novartiss MF59 adjuvant.. Dr. Atmar and his colleagues tested the vaccines in volunteers aged 18 to 34 in this Phase I clinical trial. Phase I vaccine trials assess candidate vaccines safety and ability to stimulate an immune system response, and are not designed to determine whether the vaccine would prevent infection by naturally occurring virus. The researchers vaccinated 48 volunteers with non-adjuvanted H9N2 vaccine (made from inactivated virus) at one of four dosages - 3.75, 7.5, 15 or 30 micrograms. An additional 48 volunteers received MF59-adjuvanted vaccine at one of the same four dosages. Volunteers were vaccinated twice, with inoculations spaced 28 days apart. An avian flu vaccine, like the seasonal flu vaccine, should stimulate antibodies, which ...
Vaccine Safety Research, Data Access, and Public Trust : Health and Medicine DivisionVaccine Safety Research, Data Access, and Public Trust : Health and Medicine Division
In this report, the committee who was asked to review aspects of this program, recommends that two new oversight groups are needed to ensure that the policies and procedures of the Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) and its data sharing program -- which is intended to give researchers access to patient data that will help them study vaccine safety issues -- are implemented as fairly and openly as possible.
How to Know What Vaccines Your Dog Needs - Happy Dog InnHow to Know What Vaccines Your Dog Needs - Happy Dog Inn
Vaccines are an important part of your dogs health but knowing which vaccines your dog needs can be a little confusing. The best source of advice for what vaccines your dog needs is your veterinarian who knows your dogs unique health history. Things like dog breed, age, and the region in which you live will influence what vaccines your dog needs to stay healthy and prevent illness and disease. Vaccines should not be over-administered, though, because it increases the risk of adverse reactions in your dog. For this reason, it is important to educate yourself about what vaccines may be necessary for your dog so that you can make an informed decision about what vaccines your dog really needs. There are vaccines that are considered "core vaccines" - vaccines that are necessary for all dogs, and "non-core vaccines" - vaccines that should only be administered if your dog has increased risk of various disease/illness from a variety of factors. Below are general vaccine recommendations for dogs based ...
FLAWED HPV VACCINE SAFETY STATEMENT TRIGGERS BUTTERFLY EFFECT | Global PossibilitiesFLAWED HPV VACCINE SAFETY STATEMENT TRIGGERS BUTTERFLY EFFECT | 'Global Possibilities'
In an open letter to the head of the World Health Organization, Dr. Sing Hang Lee, MD, the director of the Milford Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory in Milford, Connecticut, claims members of the WHOs Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety (GACVS) deliberately manipulated scientific data relating to the safety of HPV vaccines Gardasil® and Cervarix®.. The letter states that the emails, obtained via a Freedom of Information request, clearly demonstrate members of the GAVCS, the CDC and the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare knew before the February 26, 2014 Tokyo public hearing that one of their own experts showed scientific evidence that HPV vaccination does increase cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF), particularly at the injection site compared to other vaccines. This increase can be attributed to HPV L1 gene DNA fragments, the viral DNA fragments, in the HPV vaccines that bind to aluminum adjuvants. This mechanism explains why serious adverse reactions occur ...
UK Government In Secret Payments For Childhood Vaccine DamageUK Government In Secret Payments For Childhood Vaccine Damage
... London Evening Standard , March 16 2005. Secret payments to patients disabled by childhood vaccines are revealed today. New figures show the Government has paid out £3.5 million to families who claim their children fell sick after jabs. Over the years, up to 30,000 people have battled for compensation, with only a handful winning their cases.. The payouts - all made since 1997 - were revealed under the Freedom of Information Act. But ministers refuse to say which injections were involved - claiming such records are not kept. The money was paid under a little-known government scheme for patients who have suffered adverse effects from immunisations. Details of successful claims are never publicised - with ministers anxious not to encourage applications. Families must convince health chiefs that the injections their children were given as part of public health programmes were directly responsible for making them seriously ill. Payouts ...
ASPPH | Pertussis Epidemic Did Not Affect Vaccination Rates, Washington Study FindsASPPH | Pertussis Epidemic Did Not Affect Vaccination Rates, Washington Study Finds
This may challenge the conventional wisdom," said senior author Dr. Ali Rowhani-Rahbar, assistant professor of epidemiology. "Usually, we look to see if a drop in immunization results in an outbreak. But we were interested in looking at the relationship the other way around: Does an outbreak lead to increased immunization? We found that it did not in Washington state.". Dr. Rowhani-Rahbar said many factors affect parental decisions on whether to delay or refuse vaccines, including fears of adverse effects. But the added risk of adverse events following immunization is very small - roughly one in a few thousand for some of the most common events (e.g., febrile seizures following immunization with measles-containing vaccines), he said. Washington has one of the highest U.S. non-medical exemption rates in the country from required kindergarten vaccinations.. While overall immunization rates remained the same for the state, researchers found significant changes on the county level. Vaccination rates ...
Vaccine Adjuvants: Key Tools for Innovative Vaccine Design | Bentham ScienceVaccine Adjuvants: Key Tools for Innovative Vaccine Design | Bentham Science
Title:Vaccine Adjuvants: Key Tools for Innovative Vaccine Design. VOLUME: 13 ISSUE: 20. Author(s):Peggy Riese, Kai Schulze, Thomas Ebensen, Blair Prochnow and Carlos A. Guzmán. Affiliation:Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7 38124 Braunschweig, Germany.. Keywords:Adjuvants, adjuvant combinations, adjuvant licensing, delivery systems, limitations, regulatory aspects, vaccines, parenteral vaccination, mucosal vaccination.. Abstract:Vaccines represent the most efficient tool for preventing diseases caused by infectious pathogens. During the last century significant progress has been made in vaccine development, resulting in the eradication or control of several diseases. However, the emergence of new pathogens and the inadequate protection conferred by some existing vaccines render necessary new vaccination strategies. Newly arising immunization approaches, such as subunit vaccines and mucosal administration, make the use ...
Towards Rational Vaccine DesignTowards Rational Vaccine Design
The immune system recognizes vaccine agents as foreign, destroys them, and "remembers" them. When the virulent version of an agent comes along, the immune system is thus prepared to respond. This long term immunity relies heavily upon the generation of so called B cells, which will generate antibodies that will bind to pathogens and mark them for destruction. Specifically, almost all vaccine formulations induce two types of B-cells: memory B cells and antibody producing B-cells called plasma cells. Adjuvants, agents which modify the effect of other agents while having few, if any direct effects when given by themselves, are many times used to modify (in this case augment) the effects that a vaccine has on disease resistance. However, the reasons why certain vaccine adjuvants are more or less effective at inducing immune responses often remains unclear.. "This article provides a very exciting new insight because it seems to change the traditional textbook paradigm on relationship between plasma ...
Global Vaccine Market and Trends by the WHO | | The Truth LibraryGlobal Vaccine Market and Trends by the WHO | | The Truth Library
http://who.int/influenza_vaccines_plan/resources/session_10_kaddar.pdf. 1 , Global Vaccine Market Features and Trends Miloud Kaddar Senior Adviser, Health Economist WHO, IVB, Geneva 2 , GLOBAL VACCINE MARKET  MAIN FEATURES OF THE VACCINE MARKET ?  NEW TRENDS SINCE 2000 ?  IMPLICATIONS ? 3 , Vaccine Market North - South GAP Industrialised countries Developing countries Population BoD Vaccine sales 15% 85% 7% 93% 82% 18% 4 , VACCINE MARKET STRUCTURE 2010 World sales for drugs Vaccines US share Non- US Paediatric US Adult Small size market : 2/3% of the global pharmaceutical market but … Spectacular growth rate : 10 - 15% per year versus 5-7 % for Pharmaceuticals 5 , Vaccine segments Human vaccines Pediatrics Adolescents Adults Elderly 6 , GLOBAL VACCINE MARKET: RAPID GROWTH and CHANGING STATUS  Tripled in value from USD 5B in 2000 to almost USD 24 B in 2013 - Influenza vaccine market: estimated at $2.9 billion in 2011 to $3.8 billion by 2018 - US : $1.6 billion in 2011 to $2.2 ...
Ask us: Archive | Immunize BCAsk us: Archive | Immunize BC
Children can usually get vaccinated if they have a mild common illness like a cold, ear infection, or diarrhea. Mild common illnesses do not interference with the immune response to vaccines and do not increase the risk of adverse events following immunization. Children taking antibiotics can also receive vaccines as antibiotics do not interfere with the immune response to the vaccine. If yo. Read Full Answer [field_profile_first_name] [field_profile_last_name] ...
healster.com: SAFETY OF H1N1 VACCINEhealster.com: SAFETY OF H1N1 VACCINE
SAFETY OF H1N1 VACCINE IN PREGNANT WOMEN :. H1N1 Vaccine have similar safety profiles of seasonal flu vaccine. Seasonal Flu Vaccines which are given to number of pregnant women for years with extreme safety. Hence we can consider H1N1 vaccination as safe to pregnant women.. SAFETY OF H1N1 VACCINE IN CHILDREN :. H1N1 Vaccine is considered to be very safe in children.During clinical trials, 10,000 to 15,000 children and adults have received various manufacturers brands of H1N1 swine flu vaccine. There is no serious side effects reported so far.. SAFETY OF THIOMERSAL IN H1N1 VACCINE. Thiomersal is a mercury based preservative that has been used in multi dose vials of most of the vaccines available in market. This compound act as a preservative which will prevent the growth of microorganism in vaccines. Use of thiomersal not have any direct impact on growth of children.. SAFETY OF SQUALENE IN H1N1 VACCINE Squalene is an ingredient of some vaccines to enhance immune responses which has been used in ...
FDA Approves 2008-2009 Vaccines - HealthyLifeInfo.com Wellness and Health InformationFDA Approves 2008-2009 Vaccines - HealthyLifeInfo.com Wellness and Health Information
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Vaccines are not just for infants. As kids get older, protection provided by some childhood vaccines can begin to wear off. Kids can also develop risks for more diseases as they enter their pre-teen years. Help your child transition into adolescence in a healthy way by staying up-to-date on pre-teen vaccines. Which Vaccines Do Pre-teens Need? Doctors recommend that all 11 and 12 year olds get the Tdap and meningococcal vaccines; 11- and 12-year-old girls should also get the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine.. Tdap vaccine This vaccine prevents pertussis, or "whooping cough," which causes severe coughing fits. The coughing can cause pre-teens and teens to miss weeks of school, sports, and social activities. Parents may also have to miss work in order to take care of a sick child. Whooping cough is very contagious. It can be passed on to infants, who can die from it. Meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MCV4) This vaccine protects against meningitis and ...
J.B. Handley Talks to CNNs Ali Velshi on Vaccine Safety - AGE OF AUTISMJ.B. Handley Talks to CNN's Ali Velshi on Vaccine Safety - AGE OF AUTISM
J.B. provides vaccine facts that you can share with friends and neighbors who are concerned about safety. Thank you to CNNs Ali Velshi. To read the original Lancet paper and to learn more, please visit Generation Rescue.
J.B. Handley Talks to CNNs Ali Velshi on Vaccine Safety - AGE OF AUTISMJ.B. Handley Talks to CNN's Ali Velshi on Vaccine Safety - AGE OF AUTISM
J.B. provides vaccine facts that you can share with friends and neighbors who are concerned about safety. Thank you to CNNs Ali Velshi. To read the original Lancet paper and to learn more, please visit Generation Rescue.
Trump in talks with anti-vaxxer to chair commission on vaccine safety. Seriously.Trump in talks with anti-vaxxer to chair commission on vaccine safety. Seriously.
Because taking health insurance away from millions of Americans isnt bad enough, President-elect Trump has reportedly asked an outspoken critic of vaccines - a
Glutathione, Tylenol, Vaccine Adverse Reactions, and ASD - Dirty Big Pharma TruthGlutathione, Tylenol, Vaccine Adverse Reactions, and ASD - Dirty Big Pharma Truth
When a child has an adverse reaction to vaccines, doctors and pediatricians tell parents to give the child Tylenol, correct? Tylenol can deplete glutathione necessary for detoxification, and especially in regard to the detoxification of substances such as vaccine aluminum adjuvants, and Thimerosal. Multiple vaccines can clearly have a load of and a variety of ingredient toxicity, no matter how much mainstream wants to ignore and or deny it. Fever is actually necessary for the child to recover from pathogen created illness and or immune challenge, even be it vaccine induced. Vaccine contamination known and unknown is as well an issue; and indeed both the CDC and the FDA are aware of it. The issues of vaccine contamination such as has been known in regard to the SV40 contaminant in the late 50s early 60s polio vaccine. Eradication of that type of contamination in regard to even the more modern day vaccine step process of so called purification, has as of yet never resolved such problems, nor the ...
Roll Up Your Sleeves Folks: 271 New Vaccines in Big Pharmas Pipeline - Natural HealingRoll Up Your Sleeves Folks: 271 New Vaccines in Big Pharma's Pipeline - Natural Healing
Pharma companies are creating vaccines like theyre candy! They have now released over 270 new vaccines, and each with their own individual toxins, chemicals, and side effects. The most controversial vaccine so far, the flu shot, has been linked to causing autism in over 22 different studies. The flu shot isnt the only one either. Another study published in the Journal Annals of Epidemiology showed that giving the hepatitis B vaccine to newborn baby males could triple their risk of developing autism spectrum disorder! The research was conducted at Stony Brook University Medical Center in New York. It seems as if the vaccines they have unveiled upon us time after time does very little good. In fact, some vaccines have even worsened or increased peoples chances of contracting the said disease.. With vaccines causing more and more adverse effects, you would expect to see a little bit of reform in this area, but there has never been. "No vaccine manufacturer shall be liable…for damages arising ...
A Government Call for Vaccine ResearchA Government Call for Vaccine Research
... The National Institutes of Health has put out a call for answers By Bernadine Healy M.D. Posted December 11, 2008 The way to cool the hot debate on vaccine safety is to turn to science and get the facts, and here, there is reason for optimism. Last August, the…
Top 10 Facts About Vaccines and Immunisation - Natural MedicineTop 10 Facts About Vaccines and 'Immunisation' - Natural Medicine
If you are discussing vaccination online, you may like to include these basic facts about vaccination.. 1) Vaccination is a medical procedure that has real risks. (You can find out the side effects, as listed on the vaccine manufacturers datasheets by going to this link:. http://www.medsafe.govt.nz/profs/datasheet/dsform.asp and typing in the name of the vaccine (or relevant disease, for example "measles". 2) In addition to either dead bacteria or viruses (or fragments thereof) or live viruses (in the case of the measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccine) vaccines contain a wide range of chemicals. These vary from vaccine to vaccine but can include formaldehyde, neomycin, phenoxyethanol and many others. (You can find the ingredients by looking up the relevant vaccine at this link: http://www.medsafe.govt.nz/profs/datasheet/dsform.asp 3) Some vaccines use "human diploid cells" derived from aborted human foetal tissue as a culture medium for viruses used in the vaccine. The rubella viruses in the MMR ...
Ask the Experts: Vaccine SafetyAsk the Experts: Vaccine Safety
Vaccine recommendations are determined after extensive studies in large clinical trials. They include studies on how vaccine recipients respond to multiple vaccines given simultaneously. The overall aim is to provide early protection for infants and children against vaccine-preventable diseases that could endanger their health and life. No scientific evidence exists to support that delaying vaccinations or separating them into individual antigens is beneficial for children. Rather, this practice prolongs susceptibility to disease, which could result in a greater likelihood of the child becoming sick with a serious or life-threatening disease. There could also be added expense (e.g., multiple office visits), additional time off from work for parents, and increased likelihood that the child will fail to get all necessary vaccinations. ...
Vaccines Safe Or Not ? - Page 4 - Our ForumVaccines Safe Or Not ? - Page 4 - Our Forum
Vaccine efficacy is never truly established before a vaccine comes to market. Vaccine efficacy in human populations is not rooted in clinical studies measuring its true effectiveness in the field. Vaccines are often approved based on animal studies that show that the vaccine induces an immunological response. A vaccine can be licensed based on the assumption that the animals immune response will be replicated in the human body through similar pathways. Even worse, vaccines can be licensed without even this correlation. According to the FDAs "animal rule" the animal efficacy data of the vaccine may establish that there is a reasonable likelihood that the product would produce clinical benefit in humans, with or without any correlation at all. This means that some vaccines are approved without any scientific conclusion, just an untested hypothesis. This means that vaccines are highly experimental, not based on any short or long term outcomes observed in human participants in clinical settings. ...
Genomics, Medicine, and Pseudoscience: Vaccines, autism, and bad scienceGenomics, Medicine, and Pseudoscience: Vaccines, autism, and bad science
Now along comes this vaccine court case that has awarded compensation to the parents of an autistic child based on a supposed vaccine link. There are nearly 5000 other autism cases pending, and if the court starts awarding funds in many of them, the vaccine fund will quickly go bankrupt. This fund has been a tremendous success - it was created by Congress (along with the vaccine court) as a mechanism to compensate people who are, in very rare cases, hurt in some way by vaccines. Vaccines provide a tremendous public good, and in order to be successful, we need to have as many people vaccinated as possible. The vaccine fund sets aside federal money to achieve this public benefit, and to avoid scaring off vaccine manufacturers from producing vaccines (a very real possibility in our overly-litigious society ...
SMD - Research shows link between rise of European populism and vaccine hesitancy - Queen Mary University of LondonSMD - Research shows link between rise of European populism and vaccine hesitancy - Queen Mary University of London
There is additional anecdotal evidence suggesting a connection between the rise of populist politicians and political movements in Western Europe and increasing levels of vaccine hesitancy, Kennedy writes.. The most prominent example is Italy. The Five Star Movement (5SM) have raised concerns about vaccine safety and the link between MMR and autism. It is argued that these concerns caused MMR vaccination coverage to fall from 90 per cent in 2013 to 85 per cent in 2016, and resulted in an increase in measles cases from 840 in 2016 to 5000 in 2017. Despite this, the upper house of the Italian Parliament-bolstered by newly elected representatives from 5SM and League-recently passed a law to repeal legislation that makes vaccines compulsory for children enrolling in state schools.. In France, the right-wing Front National have also raised concerns about vaccine safety and laws that make childhood vaccinations mandatory.. And in Greece, the left-wing SYRIZA government proposed that parents should be ...
COVID-19 mutations no problem for vaccine candidates, experts sayCOVID-19 mutations no problem for vaccine candidates, experts say
The genome of the novel coronavirus is generally stable across the globe and current mutations of the virus will not affect the potency or development of vaccine candidates, Chinese experts said on Friday.. According to the journal Nature, there are nine COVID-19 vaccine candidates in phase three clinical trials around the world, with four of the vaccines from China. Yang Sheng, deputy director of the bureau of drug registration at the National Medical Products Administration, said that all four Chinese vaccines are conducting their trials overseas with approval from foreign health authorities.. The four vaccines consist of three inactivated vaccines and one recombinant adenovirus vector vaccine, Yang said, adding that China also has seven other vaccines in different stages of clinical testing.. Because the COVID-19 vaccine is an innovative product that requires sufficient amounts of preclinical and clinical data to verify its safety and efficacy, vaccine developers need to launch third-stage ...
New generation vectored vaccines - Vaccine NationNew generation vectored vaccines - Vaccine Nation
Thermostable Vaccine Formulations: to make vaccine deployment free of the cold-chain Three types of adjuvant are being investigated: Signalling, Structural and Cellular Trafficking.. Why not download the full presentation and discover more about new generation vectored vaccines - Pushing innovation beyond the antigen to meet the health needs of resource-poor settings. · Genetic adjuvants: (i) pro-inflammatory activators (ii) multimerisation of the antigen (iii) modulators of antigen processing · Thermostable formulations for vaccines · How to translate clinical efficacy to field effectiveness Download the full presentation here ,. For more information about this and other topics discussed at the World Vaccine Congress Lyon, subscribe to the Vaccine Nation newsletter, or visit the event website. For more updates on the vaccines industry, follow us on Twitter: @vaccinenation or join our LinkedIn group: Vaccine Nation. ...
Analysis and evaluation on the surveillance data of adverse events following immunization in 2008 in Jiangsu Province--...Analysis and evaluation on the surveillance data of adverse events following immunization in 2008 in Jiangsu Province--...
To evaluate the operation status of the adverse events following immunization(AEFI) surveillance system in Jiangsu Province in 2008.The description epidemiological methods were used in this study.6197 AEFI cases reported in 2008 were collected.The cases reaction were classified into vaccine reaction,its incidente is 98.97%,and coincidental,unknown and pending cases account for 0.95%,0.02% and 0.06%,respectively.Fever,absces in injection site and Dants scleroma are dominant clinical reaction of AEFI cases.The incidence rates of allergia rash and sterile abscess is rather higher than orthers.The operation status of AEFI Surveillance System is normal and the indicators are matched the requirements of MOH.Benefiting from the introduction of the standardized AEFI classification,case definition and direct network report,the data quality is being improved step by step.The safety of NIP vaccines and the quality of immunization services is satisfactory.
Using automated text messages to monitor adverse events following immunisation in general practiceUsing automated text messages to monitor adverse events following immunisation in general practice
Objective: To assess the performance of SmartVax, a prototypic active monitoring system for adverse events following immunisation (AEFI) using short message service (SMS) text messages and clinical data extracted from commercially available medical practice management software. Design, setting and participants: Between 11 November 2011 and 10 June 2013, adult patients and parents of paediatric patients receiving routine vaccinations in general practice were sent an SMS by SmartVax enquiring if they had experienced any AEFI and requesting a reply by SMS. Attempts were made to telephone patients who did not reply by SMS. Main outcome measures: The proportion of patients sent an SMS who replied by SMS, and the proportion of respondents indicating possible AEFI. Results: Of 3281 vaccinated patients, 3226 (98.3%) had a mobile telephone number on record and were sent an SMS. Of 2342 patients (72.6%; 95% CI, 70.0%-75.1%) who responded by SMS, 264 (11.3%; 95 CI, 9.9%-12.7%) reported possible AEFI. The ...
Department of Health | Supplementary report: surveillance of adverse events following immunisation among children aged less...Department of Health | Supplementary report: surveillance of adverse events following immunisation among children aged less...
The adverse events following immunisation surveillance aims to monitor vaccine and immunisation program safety and to detect population-specific, rare, late-onset or unexpected adverse events that may not be detected in pre-licensure vaccine trials. This report provides an update on date for 1 January to 30 June 2011.
Department of Health | Surveillance of adverse events following immunisation in Australia annual report, 2013Department of Health | Surveillance of adverse events following immunisation in Australia annual report, 2013
This report summarises Australian passive surveillance data for adverse events following immunisation (AEFI) reported to the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) for 2013. It also describes reporting trends over the 13-year period 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2013.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine policy and evidence-based | autismone.orgHuman papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine policy and evidence-based | autismone.org
28. Menzies R, Mahajan D, Gold MS, Roomiani I, McIntyre P, Lawrence G. Annual report: Surveillance of adverse events following immunisation in Australia, 2008. Commun Dis Intell. 2009;33:365-81. Available from: http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/ cdi3304 29. Mahajan D, Roomiani I, Gold MS, Lawrence GL, McIntyre PB, Menzies RI. Annual report: Surveillance of adverse events following immunisation in Australia, 2009. Comm Dis Intell. 2010;34:259-76. Available from: http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content /cdi3403-1 30. Slade BA, Leidel L, Vellozzi C, Woo EJ, Hua W, Sutherland A, et al. Postlicensure safety surveillance for quadrivalent human papillomavirus recombinant vaccine. JAMA. 2009;302:750-7. 31. Medicines and Healthcare productsRegulatory Agency (MHRA). Paper provided by MHRA for Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation June 2009: Vaccine associated suspected adverse reactions reported via the Yellow Card scheme during 2008 [cited 2011 ...
Linked vaccine adverse event data from VAERS for biomedical data analysis and longitudinal studies | BioData Mining | Full TextLinked vaccine adverse event data from VAERS for biomedical data analysis and longitudinal studies | BioData Mining | Full Text
Vaccines have been one of the most successful public health interventions to date with most vaccine-preventable diseases having declined in the United States by at least 95-99%. However, vaccines are pharmaceutical products that carry risks. They interact with the human immune systems and could permanently alter gene molecular structures. "Under the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act of 1986, over $2 billion has been awarded to children and adults for whom the risks of vaccine injury were 100%" [1]. Potential relationships between vaccines and particular vaccine adverse events (VAE) may exist, but not well studied yet. The U.S. FDA/CDC Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) is a national vaccine safety surveillance program for post-vaccination adverse events (AE) that occur after the administration of vaccines licensed in the United States [2]. Currently the VAERS contains more than 200,000 reports in total. Patients or healthcare providers submit reports about cases of adverse events ...
Department of Health | Adverse Events Following Immunisation associated with the 1998 Australian Measles Control CampaignDepartment of Health | Adverse Events Following Immunisation associated with the 1998 Australian Measles Control Campaign
This report published in Communicable Diseases Intelligence Volume 24, No 2, 17 February 2000 contains information on the the Measles Control Campaign, which was conducted in Australia from August to November 1998 and resulted in a total of 1.7 million school children being vaccinated.
WHO | Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety, 9-10 June 2005WHO | Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety, 9-10 June 2005
GACVS considered recent data on the safety profile of live attenuated SA 14-14-2 JE vaccine, provided in a number of expert presentations to the Committee. Live attenuated SA 14-14-2 JE vaccine constitutes more than 50% of the global production of all JE vaccines. The anticipated global demand for JE vaccine in 2012 is expected to exceed the present requirement twofold. Even though several new vaccine candidates are in development, their production and distribution remain uncertain for the time being. The current production of live attenuated SA 14-14-2 vaccine exceeds 50 million doses annually, most of which are used in China. Neuroattenuation of the virulent JE SA 14-14-2 strain is reported to be based on 57 nucleotide changes and 24 amino acid substitutions, suggesting that reversion to neurovirulence of the vaccine strain would be highly unlikely. Vaccine production is in accordance with WHO technical specifications, including detailed screening for adventitious viruses. Data reported from ...
Richard Moeller, Author at Vaccine InjuryRichard Moeller, Author at Vaccine Injury
If you are searching for the term "Vaccine Injury Table," you may be looking for information about the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (NVICP). The NVICP is a federal program which compensates persons who experience a Vaccine Injury, which occurs when a child or adult experiences certain adverse reactions after receiving one of several vaccinations covered under the NVICP.. Claims for compensation to the NVICP are made to the U.S. Court of Federal Claims located in Washington, D.C., by filing a petition. Most "petitioners" are represented by lawyers. An attorney representing a petitioner must be admitted to practice in the U.S. Court of Federal Claims. The "Vaccine Injury Table" refers to a chart listing the most common vaccines or immunizations administered, such as DTaP vaccine, MMR vaccine, varicella (chicken pox) vaccine, and polio vaccine for children, the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine (Gardasil) for adolescents and young adults, tetanus/diphtheria/pertussis booster ...
News - Getting to the bottom of vaccine hesitancy...News - Getting to the bottom of vaccine hesitancy...
Oduwoles presentation was entitled Investigating vaccine hesitancy and validating a measuring tool in the Western Cape Province. Her study looks at understanding some of the reasons for vaccine hesitancy in the Western Cape and aims to answer three questions: (1) What are the major causes and drivers of vaccine hesitancy in the province? (2) What measuring tools exist? And (3) are the survey tools valid in the context and setting.. Oduwole pointed out that there are currently vaccines available for 25 vaccine-preventable diseases, of which 13 are routinely administered in South Africa in accordance with the Expanded Programme on Immunisation. Vaccination progress in many countries have stalled or regressed in recent years due to a number of reasons. These include issues to do with resource constraints such as missed opportunities for vaccination; vaccine stock-outs and programme and infrastructural challenges; and issues to do with personal choice and vaccine hesitancy.. "The Western Cape is ...
Get the Flu Vaccine with an Egg Allergy? The CDC Answers Your Questions | SnackSafely.comGet the Flu Vaccine with an Egg Allergy? The CDC Answers Your Questions | SnackSafely.com
Yes, allergic reactions can happen, but they occur very rarely with the flu vaccines available in the United States today. Occasional cases of anaphylaxis, a severe life-threatening reaction that involves multiple organ systems and can progress rapidly, in egg-allergic persons have been reported to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) after administration of flu vaccine. Flu vaccines contain various components that may cause allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis. In a Vaccine Safety Datalink study, there were 10 cases of anaphylaxis after more than 7.4 million doses of inactivated flu vaccine, trivalent (IIV3) given without other vaccines, (rate of 1.35 per one million doses). Most of these cases of anaphylaxis were not related to the egg protein present in the vaccine. CDC and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices continue to review available data regarding anaphylaxis cases following flu vaccines.. ...
Immunise - 3.0 The Australian Regulatory System for Drugs and VaccinesImmunise - 3.0 The Australian Regulatory System for Drugs and Vaccines
All countries considered by the Review have a national passive AEFI surveillance system, but there are differences in the ways the systems are structured and administered. At the global level and in most countries, AEFI reporting is included in the general medicines adverse event reporting system. In the USA and in Canada, AEFIs are reported to a specific system for vaccines. The USA system is called the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS). The database is held by the Department of Health and Human Services and jointly managed by two of the Departments agencies, the FDA and the CDC. In Canada, the system is called the Canadian Adverse Events Following Immunization Surveillance System (CAEFISS). It is currently administered by the Vaccine Safety Unit (VSU) of the Centre for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (CIPD) of the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC). The Canadian system has a specific committee, the Advisory Committee on Causality Assessment (ACCA), with broad-based ...
National Vaccine Plan Should Prioritize Efforts To Tackle Unmet Health Needs - RedorbitNational Vaccine Plan Should Prioritize Efforts To Tackle Unmet Health Needs - Redorbit
While vaccines help prevent many diseases in the United States, we lack immunization protection against several serious illnesses, says a new report from the Institute of Medicine that identifies priority areas for updating the National Vaccine Plan. The revised plan should include a strategy to accelerate development of high-priority vaccines, said the committee that wrote the report. In addition, it should emphasize the importance of expanding funding for safety research and monitoring, and include the development of a national communications strategy to clarify the importance of vaccines and bolster public confidence in the immunization system.. The National Vaccine Plan aims to provide centralized coordination of the various components involved in protecting Americans from vaccine-preventable illnesses and vaccine-related adverse reactions. The immunization system engages many partners -- including multiple government agencies and departments, vaccine researchers, manufacturers, public ...
VACCINES ARE UNAVOIDABLY UNSAFE - by Dr John Piesse | Australian Vaccination-skeptics Network Inc.VACCINES ARE UNAVOIDABLY UNSAFE - by Dr John Piesse | Australian Vaccination-skeptics Network Inc.
The writer has become embroiled in the controversy about whether or not it is wise to vaccinate.. I have been encountering cases of vaccine injury for over 40 years. In June it was a happy, healthy nearly 5-year-old whose parents were required to put her on a catch-up schedule, in order to get her into kindergarten. She wont be going to kinder. Shes in a wheel-chair, brain-damaged. Her life ruined. Then came a friends father who died after a flu vaccine, and last week a 4 year old boy, made autistic by a catch-up schedule.. In 1988, the US National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program was created. It has paid out over US$3.5 billion to the vaccine-injured. The NVICP was set up to protect vaccine manufacturers from ruinous costs of litigation by vaccine-damaged people. It was deemed preferable to have unavoidably unsafe vaccines than no vaccines. Unfortunately the protection provided to vaccine manufacturers also reduced incentives to develop safer vaccines in USA.. Politicians and doctors ...
Templeton Times: The French National Debate on Vaccine Safety by Marco Cáceres from The Vaccine ReactionTempleton Times: The French National Debate on Vaccine Safety by Marco Cáceres from The Vaccine Reaction
The issue of vaccine safety in France received renewed media coverage in April following a report by the countrys Technical Committee of Pharmacovigilance to the Directorate General of Health regarding the deaths of two newborn babies from intussusception in 2012 and 2014 after receiving the Rotarix and RotaTeq vaccines.4 Intussusception is a "serious disorder in which part of the intestine slides into an adjacent part of the intestine."5 The oral vaccines, produced by GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) and Merck respectively, have also been reported to have caused 500 adverse events-200 of which have been designated as "serious."4 ...
NVICs International Vaccine Conference About Vaccine Safety - National Vaccine Information CenterNVIC's International Vaccine Conference About Vaccine Safety - National Vaccine Information Center
Participate in the international vaccine conference and learn about childhood vaccine safety, public vaccination and vaccine safety information provided on NVIC.
Intervals between live vaccines and other rules. :: Documents.OK.GovIntervals between live vaccines and other rules. :: Documents.OK.Gov
H 845.1 I61b 2011 c.2 Intervals between Live Vaccines and Other Rules All vaccines can be administered simultaneously (on the same day). 2 Live Vaccines Live vaccines can be given on the same day. If they are not given on the same day, they should be separated by a minimum 4-week interval, because the immune response to one of the vaccines might be impaired. If two live vaccines are not given on the same day and are given less than four weeks apart, the second vaccine should be repeated. Alternatively, the effectiveness of the second vaccine can be checked by serologic testing. H Dont do this less than 4 weeks at least 4 weeks This applies to MMR, varicella, zoster, yellow fever vaccines & LAIV; but, it does not apply to oral typhoid and rotavirus vaccines. Inactivated vaccines do not interfere with live vaccines and live vaccines do not interfere with inactivated vaccines. An inactivated vaccine can be administered either simultaneously or at any time before or after a different inactivated or ...
Can You Handle the Truth About Vaccines?Can You Handle the Truth About Vaccines?
As I reported in my column, the one exception to this drumbeat of misleading and inaccurate coverage about "vaccine safety" is on the local level, where correspondent Michael Chen of ABC 10 News in San Diego, California noted a case of a boy who suffered serious injuries, including fever, seizures, nervous tics and autism, as a result of two vaccines. The mother, almost in tears as she described what happened to her son, was paid $55,000 in damages through the federal program. But the damage award didnt cover the autism diagnosis. She said she wished she had more thoroughly researched the safety of vaccines.. The National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program grew out of the 1986 National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act. Fisher explains what happened: "The companies threatened Congress that they were going to leave the people without any childhood vaccines if they did not get liability protection. The companies wanted this liability protection and it was mainly for losses at that time for DPT and ...
The National Immunisation Programme in the Netherlands : Surveillance and developments in 2016-2017 - Webbased Archive of RIVM...The National Immunisation Programme in the Netherlands : Surveillance and developments in 2016-2017 - Webbased Archive of RIVM...
Surveillance and developments in 2016-2017 In 2016, about 760,000 children aged 0 to 19 years received a total of 2,140,000 vaccinations within the National Immunisation Programme (NIP). Participation in the NIP was high (more than 90% depending on the vaccine), but dropped by around 0.5% for newborns for the third consecutive year. The participation in vaccinations against human papillomavirus (HPV) declined from 61 to 53 per cent. The number of reports (1,483) of adverse events following immunisation (in total 3,665) in 2016 was comparable to the number of reports in 2015. NIP target diseases The number of reported cases of most NIP target diseases was again low. However, the number of cases of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) disease in 2016 (n=44) was considerably higher than in the previous five years (22-34 cases), with the highest incidence occurring among children under five years of age. Pertussis incidence in 2016 fits within the usual fluctuations. However, six people died from ...
130 Studies Linking Vaccines To Neurological And Autoimmune Issues Common To Autism - InvestmentWatch130 Studies Linking Vaccines To Neurological And Autoimmune Issues Common To Autism - InvestmentWatch
I never really questioned vaccine safety and I thought I understood the reasoning of why vaccines worked. I had been in a pre-med curriculum in my undergraduate study and my children were vaccinated in the 1980s when they were young. I was a practicing R.N. for many years and I received a number of vaccines during that time and I administered many. I was injured by the Hep B vaccine series in 1992-93, but no one was very interested in reporting or tracking that injury. I began studying vaccination in 2009 when I was out on a disability leave of absence.. There is an explosion of vaccine related injuries occurring across our country. There is something very, very wrong happening to our children; many are suffering from allergies, neurological and immune-system damage. In 1986 the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act was passed where The National Vaccine Injury Compensation Board was formed by Congress at the bequest of the vaccine manufacturers because they were being inundated with lawsuits ...
Vaccine Reactions: Underreported and Unrecognized, Not Unimportant - Truth4Pets | Truth4PetsVaccine Reactions: Underreported and Unrecognized, Not Unimportant - Truth4Pets | Truth4Pets
Dr. James R. Shannon, former Director of the US National Institute of Health, has been widely quoted as saying: "The only safe vaccine is one that is never used." But are adverse vaccine reactions really a big deal? Arent they just the "fever and fatigue" were warned about after yearly shots? Or is there more to learn?. And arent moderate and severe adverse reactions rare? Lets answer this question first.. Reactions are considered rare, in part, because reporting is rare. Unlike reporting for human vaccine reactions, required by the National Vaccine Injury Act of 1986, reporting is voluntary for reactions experienced by animals. Furthermore, there is no federal Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) for animals as there is for humans, nor is there a National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (VICP). That does not mean that adverse events arent a serious a problem for animals. In fact, because animals are given numerous vaccines repeatedly (and unnecessarily) throughout their ...
Vaccine Reactions: Underreported and Unrecognized, Not Unimportant - Truth4Pets | Truth4PetsVaccine Reactions: Underreported and Unrecognized, Not Unimportant - Truth4Pets | Truth4Pets
Dr. James R. Shannon, former Director of the US National Institute of Health, has been widely quoted as saying: "The only safe vaccine is one that is never used." But are adverse vaccine reactions really a big deal? Arent they just the "fever and fatigue" were warned about after yearly shots? Or is there more to learn?. And arent moderate and severe adverse reactions rare? Lets answer this question first.. Reactions are considered rare, in part, because reporting is rare. Unlike reporting for human vaccine reactions, required by the National Vaccine Injury Act of 1986, reporting is voluntary for reactions experienced by animals. Furthermore, there is no federal Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) for animals as there is for humans, nor is there a National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (VICP). That does not mean that adverse events arent a serious a problem for animals. In fact, because animals are given numerous vaccines repeatedly (and unnecessarily) throughout their ...
VaccinesVaccines
Reposted from World Vaccine Congress. What technology has had the biggest impact on vaccine supply chains over the last 10 years?. There is no magic bullet that has revolutionized vaccine supply chains over the last ten years. Instead, a range of technologies working in concert with one another have contributed to more effective and efficient supply chains. Developments in cold chain technology, data gathering and analytics, and even in transportation have all had significant impacts on the availability of vaccines. These technologies all must work in-sync with each other to provide both the infrastructure and information needed to ensure vaccines are available where and when they are needed and in the right condition. We must also ensure these technologies are appropriate and available at all levels of the supply chain. As a global community, we have greatly improved the systems, infrastructure and financing to ensure sufficient vaccines reach low-resource countries, but the real impact comes ...
Child hood and maternal vaccinesChild hood and maternal vaccines
Vaccines help make you immune to serious diseases without getting sick first. Without a vaccine, you must actually get a disease in order to become immune to the germ that causes it. Vaccines work best when they are given at certain ages. For example, children dont receive measles vaccine until they are at least one year old. If it is given earlier it might not work as well. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention publishes a schedule for childhood vaccines.. Related Conferences: Children Vaccines 2016 Oct 10-12, 2016 Rome, Italy; International Conference on H1N1 & Influenza Vaccines July 25-26, 2016 Chicago, USA; International Conference on Hepatitis Vaccines Conference June 16-18, 2016 Rome, Italy; Annual Conference on Virulent Hiv Vaccines Conference Oct 3-5, 2016 Miami, USA; 10th Euro Global Summit and Expo on Vaccines & Vaccination 16-18, 2016 Rome, Italy; 13th Vaccines Asia Pacific Global summit and Expo on Vaccines & Vaccination Conference November 03-05, 2016 Melbourne, ...
Announcements: 16th Annual Conference on Vaccine ResearchAnnouncements: 16th Annual Conference on Vaccine Research
The 16th Annual Conference on Vaccine Research, the largest scientific forum devoted exclusively to research and development of vaccines and related technologies for prevention and treatment of disease through immunization, will be held April 22-24, 2013, at the Hyatt Regency Inner Harbor Hotel in Baltimore, Maryland. The conference brings together the diverse fields of human and veterinary vaccinology to encourage collaboration and multidisciplinary approaches among methodologic experts and experts in specific diseases. Clinical developments in vaccine discovery, rotavirus, meningococcal vaccine, vaccines for enteric diseases, food safety vaccines, vaccine adjuvants, and adverse events are among topics scheduled for discussion during the conference. In addition, a preconference workshop, Creating Outstanding Scientific Communications: Talks, Abstracts, and Posters, will be offered by expert faculty. Applications for travel grants to subsidize attendees from countries with limited resources must ...
Less Than 1% of Vaccine Injuries Reported in the Government National Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting SystemLess Than 1% of Vaccine Injuries Reported in the Government National Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System
The Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) was created by Congress under the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act of 1986 and became operational in
Facts, Not Fantasy!: News in Science (7 Jul 10)Facts, Not Fantasy!: News in Science (7 Jul 10)
Additional authors on this paper include: Bruce Fireman, MS, from the Kaiser Permanete Division of Research; Katherine Yih, MPH, PhD, from Harvard Pilgrim HealthCare Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Edwin Lewis, MPH, from the Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center; Martin Kulldorff, PhD, from Harvard Pilgrim Healthcare Institute; Paula Ray, MPH, from the Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center; Roger Baxter, MD, from the Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center; Simon Hambridge, MD, PhD, from Kaiser Permanente, Denver, Co; James Nordin, MD, MPA, from Health Partners Research Foundation, Minneapolis, MN; Allison Naleway, PhD, Kaiser Permanente, Portland, OR; Edward A. Belongia, MD, from Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation; Tracy Lieu, MD, MPH, from Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute; James Baggs, PhD, from the Immunization Safety Office, CDC; Eric Weintraub, MPH, from the Vaccine Safety Datalink. Funding for the study was provided by the Vaccine Safety Datalink contract with ...
Study of adverse events of A/H1N1 vaccine among health care staff in selected provinces of Afghanistan, 2010Study of adverse events of A/H1N1 vaccine among health care staff in selected provinces of Afghanistan, 2010
At the end of March 2010 an A/H1N1 vaccination campaign was conducted in Afghanistan using donated vaccines. However, no surveillance system for detection of adverse events following immunization was in place. We report a cross-sectional, descriptive survey in 4 provinces of Afghanistan to assess the rate of adverse events among health care staff immunized with A/H1N1 monovalent vaccine 4 weeks after vaccination. Using random sampling proportionate to size, 350 staff [‎mean age 36 years, range 16-65 years]‎ were surveyed using a questionnaire. The highest self-reported rates of adverse events were pain at the injection site [‎53%]‎, fever in the first 3 days after immunization [‎40%]‎, body pain [‎39%]‎, tiredness [‎33%]‎, swelling at the injection site [‎29%]‎ and redness at the injection site [‎28%]‎. More females than males suffered adverse reactions and the rates varied across different provinces, ranging from 79% in Balkh to 23% in ...
Safety in numbers: anaphylaxis risk in childhood immunisation | Archives of Disease in ChildhoodSafety in numbers: anaphylaxis risk in childhood immunisation | Archives of Disease in Childhood
The history of immunisation can be traced through two major narratives. The first is a story of profound benefit to global health, the other a complex tale of risk and uncertainty versus safety and public confidence. These narratives are forever intertwined, not least because as successful immunisation programmes lead to progressive reductions in disease risk, so the prospect of adverse vaccine-related events becomes a dominant public concern.. Anaphylaxis has long been recognised as a rare but serious complication of vaccination, but despite millions of infants and children receiving vaccine doses every year, data describing the incidence of anaphylaxis as an adverse event following immunisation (AEFI) are surprisingly sparse. Erlewyn-Lajeunesse et als prospective survey of anaphylaxis as an AEFI, published in this issue, provides a valuable addition to the existing evidence concerning vaccination safety.1. Serious allergic reaction in childhood sits alongside meningitis in the public ...
Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System plays vital role in safety | AAP News | AAP GatewayVaccine Adverse Event Reporting System plays vital role in safety | AAP News | AAP Gateway
VAERS was established after Congress passed the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act in 1986 requiring providers and vaccine manufacturers to report possible adverse events that occur during or following the administration of vaccines licensed in the United States. VAERS receives approximately 30,000 reports a year (Shimabukuro TT et al. Vaccine. 2015;30:4398). About 85% of VAERS reports describe mild adverse events such as fever or local reactions. Which three of the following statements are true:. a) An adverse reaction is defined as any side effect, injury, toxicity or sensitivity reaction, or failure of pharmacologic action. b) An adverse reaction occurring after vaccine administration does not need to be reported if it is considered to be unrelated to the vaccine. c) Serious adverse events include death, life-threatening conditions, hospitalization, permanent disability, congenital anomaly or impairment of a body function. While these events may occur after vaccination, they rarely are ...
The Vaccine Book - Google LibrosThe Vaccine Book - Google Libros
A definitive and readable reference guide to the world of vaccines!The Vaccine Book provides concrete information on the current and future world of vaccines. It reveals the scientific opportunities and potential impact of vaccines, including economic and ethical challenges, problems encountered when producing vaccines, how clinical vaccine trials are designed, and how to introduce vaccines into widespread use. Although vaccines are now available for many diseases, there are still challenges ahead for major diseases such as AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria. The Vaccine Book is designed to increase the understanding of vaccines for students, researchers, public health officials, and all others working to address such challenges. Topics unique to this book:* Ethics * Economics * Diseases that could be prevented* Clinical trial designs* Ideas about the future of vaccines* Challenges facing research scientists in the vaccine area* Burden of vaccine-preventable illness and the impact of vaccines* Scientific
Adventures in Autism: Why Wont the CDC Allow Access to the Vaccine Safety Datalink?Adventures in Autism: Why Won't the CDC Allow Access to the Vaccine Safety Datalink?
It sounds reasonable, it sounds nice. But dont hold your breath. The CDC is hardly issuing engraved invitations to come trawl its mainframes, despite a harshly written report earlier this year from the Institute of Medicine. The IOM complained of CDC foot dragging, and even insolence, on this matter, and suggested that vaccine officials at the health agency seek "legal counsel." Why? Because the original datasets of children used by the government have, as they say, gone missing. (Actually, the official explanation was that they "were not archived in a standard fashion.") The intentional loss or destruction of taxpayer funded data or datasets is a violation of the Federal Data Quality Act. It is a felony, and someone could go to jail for it ...
Therapeutic Vaccines Market - Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast (2012 - 2018) ~ Pharmaceutical...Therapeutic Vaccines Market - Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast (2012 - 2018) ~ Pharmaceutical...
Therapeutic vaccines function by triggering a body immune response against a disease. The global therapeutic vaccines market was valued at USD 292 million in 2011. The introduction of therapeutic vaccines has opened up new avenues in the field of chronic disease treatment and prophylactic immunization. Provenge was the first U.S. FDA approved immunotherapy drug to treat prostate cancer in men in 2010, which has encouraged rigorous research and development initiatives by pharmaceutical companies to develop novel vaccines for untapped disease segments. As a result of these initiatives, many more therapeutic vaccines are currently in the pipeline such as breast cancer vaccine, lung cancer vaccine; Alzheimers vaccine, malaria vaccine, and diabetes vaccine are expected to be introduced in the market during the period from 2012 to 2018. ...
Vaccines Market Introduces New Vaccine With A Capability Of Preventing Possible Number Of Infections With Single Vaccine |...Vaccines Market Introduces New Vaccine With A Capability Of Preventing Possible Number Of Infections With Single Vaccine |...
According to the latest report "Vaccines Market: By Type (Monovalent, Multivalent); By Technology (Conjugate Vaccines, Inactivated and Subunit Vaccines, Others); By Disease Indication (Pneumococcal Disease, DTP, Others); By End User (Paediatrics, Adults) & Region-Forecast (2016-2022)", published by IndustryARC, estimates that Asia-Pacific will register the fastest growth over the forecast period.. Browse Market Report @ http://industryarc.com/Report/17004/vaccines-market.html. Vaccine is a biological preparation that is used for prevention of infectious diseases. The vaccination saves provides better and healthier life to millions of lives including adults, children and animals. World Health Organization and many other international organizations had approved the vaccination as the one of the bes methods for the prevention of infectious diseases. There are different kinds of vaccines present in the market like polio vaccine, rubella vaccine, chickenpox vaccine, TB vaccine, yellow fever vaccine, ...
Vaccines Market Introduces New Vaccine With A Capability Of Preventing Possible Number Of Infections With Single Vaccine |...Vaccines Market Introduces New Vaccine With A Capability Of Preventing Possible Number Of Infections With Single Vaccine |...
According to the latest report "Vaccines Market: By Type (Monovalent, Multivalent); By Technology (Conjugate Vaccines, Inactivated and Subunit Vaccines, Others); By Disease Indication (Pneumococcal Disease, DTP, Others); By End User (Paediatrics, Adults) & Region-Forecast (2016-2022)", published by IndustryARC, estimates that Asia-Pacific will register the fastest growth over the forecast period.. Browse Market Report @ http://industryarc.com/Report/17004/vaccines-market.html. Vaccine is a biological preparation that is used for prevention of infectious diseases. The vaccination saves provides better and healthier life to millions of lives including adults, children and animals. World Health Organization and many other international organizations had approved the vaccination as the one of the bes methods for the prevention of infectious diseases. There are different kinds of vaccines present in the market like polio vaccine, rubella vaccine, chickenpox vaccine, TB vaccine, yellow fever vaccine, ...
Plus itPlus it
The Indian Academy of Pediatrics has called for doctors working in the private sector to report adverse events after immunisations to the national surveillance system to ensure more complete vaccine safety data. In a position paper published in Indian Pediatrics, the academy said that the adverse event following immunization (AEFI) surveillance system run by the government needed to be strengthened by including reports from the private sector.1. India has one of the largest universal immunisation programmes in the world, with 26 million babies born every year. Approximately … ...
Welcome to CDC stacks | VAERS : Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System : a national program for monitoring vaccine safety -...Welcome to CDC stacks | VAERS : Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System : a national program for monitoring vaccine safety -...
The Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), is a national program managed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to monitor the safety of all vaccines licensed in the United States. VAERS collects and reviews reports of adverse events that occur after vaccination. An "adverse event" is any health problem or "side effect" that happens after a vaccination. VAERS cannot determine if a vaccine caused an adverse event, but can determine if further investigation is needed ...
Nicotine vaccine prevents nicotine from reaching the brainNicotine vaccine prevents nicotine from reaching the brain
If smoking a cigarette no longer delivers pleasure, will smokers quit? Its the idea behind a nicotine vaccine being created by MIT and Harvard researchers, in which an injection of synthetic nanoparticles prompts the immune ...
Nicotine vaccine could help smokers quit | 89lpNicotine vaccine could help smokers quit | 89lp
Breaking a smoking addiction isnt an easy feat and nicotine patches and gum often do little to help.But scientists at Selecta Biosciences in Boston have developed a new solution for those looking to quit the nasty habit: a nicotine vaccine. The long-lasting immunizing agent would essentially eradicate the physiological effects of nicotine, eliminating the jolt…
Metabolites as biomarkers of adverse reactions following vaccination | RTIMetabolites as biomarkers of adverse reactions following vaccination | RTI
An Adverse Event Following Immunization (AEFI) is an adverse reaction to a vaccination that goes above and beyond the usual side effects associated with vaccinations. One serious AEFI related to the smallpox vaccine is myopericarditis. Metabolomics involves the study of the low molecular weight metabolite profile of cells, tissues, and biological fluids, and provides a
Comparative Genomics and Immunoinformatics Approach for the Identification of Vaccine Candidates for Enterohemorrhagic...Comparative Genomics and Immunoinformatics Approach for the Identification of Vaccine Candidates for Enterohemorrhagic...
Most EHEC subunit vaccine candidates tested to date are comprised of known virulence factors, such as Stx and the T3SS-related proteins. These virulence factors are well characterized and are known to be essential for the onset of EHEC colonization and/or host damage. Further, it is well documented that the main protection mechanism for these vaccine candidates is the induction of neutralizing antibodies (4). However, the DNA sequences encoded in the genome of EHEC strains may contain unveiled gene-encoding antigenic proteins, which have not yet been investigated as vaccine candidates. Computational vaccinology tools have been proposed as a potentially powerful aid in vaccine development, particularly for new or emerging pathogens for which critical antigenic determinants and/or virulence factors knowledge is limited (56). This work combines comparative genomics and immunoinformatics analysis of available EHEC genomes in the search for vaccine candidates. This approach represent an unbiased ...
PublicationsPublications
Ouandaogo C, Yaméogo T, Diomandé F, Sawadogo C, Ouédraogo B. Adverse events following immunization during mass vaccination campaigns at first introduction of a meningococcal A conjugate vaccine in Burkina Faso, 2010. Vaccine. 2012 May 30;30 Suppl 2:B46-51 ...
Publications (En Anglais)<...Publications (En Anglais)<...
Ouandaogo C, Yaméogo T, Diomandé F, Sawadogo C, Ouédraogo B. Adverse events following immunization during mass vaccination campaigns at first introduction of a meningococcal A conjugate vaccine in Burkina Faso, 2010. Vaccine. 2012 May 30;30 Suppl 2:B46-51 ...
Inside VaccinesInside Vaccines
Part 1. By Myvaccinelawyer As an attorney focusing my practice on representing people injured by vaccines, I am well-versed in the vaccine claims process. Unfortunately, many people are not even aware that there is a legal recourse for such vaccine-related injuries. The law provides only three years from the start of symptoms to file a claim, and unfortunately clients often call when it is too late. Usually they inform me that they did not even know about this program. It is our goal to change this by spreading the word about the vaccine claims program. It is a fact that vaccines can hurt people. The Vaccine Compensation Trust Fund was created solely to compensate people who are afflicted with injuries, conditions, or reactions after receiving vaccines. The Vaccine Injury Compensation Program ("VICP") is a Federal program created to provide compensation to people found to be injured by certain vaccines. The VICP was created by Congress in 1986 as a no-fault alternative to the traditional tort ...
Streptococcus pneumoniaeStreptococcus pneumoniae
Genetically modified tomatoGenetically modified tomato
Plasmodium knowlesiPlasmodium knowlesi
CholeraCholera
ChickenpoxChickenpox
PfizerPfizer
Royal Free HospitalRoyal Free Hospital
WHO Model List of Essential MedicinesWHO Model List of Essential Medicines
Mantoux testMantoux test
Talk:Causes of autismTalk:Causes of autism
Diabetes mellitus type 1Diabetes mellitus type 1
Ebola virus diseaseEbola virus disease
DTaP-IPV-HepB vaccineDTaP-IPV-HepB vaccine
Paul OffitPaul Offit
HIV/AIDS researchHIV/AIDS research
Misinformation related to the 2019-20 coronavirus outbreakMisinformation related to the 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak
Sublingual administrationSublingual administration
Influenza researchInfluenza research
VirusVirus
Influenza A virus subtype H5N1Influenza A virus subtype H5N1
Hepatitis EHepatitis E
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic feverCrimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever
Heat shock proteinHeat shock protein
Salon (website)Salon (website)
ImmunosignatureImmunosignature
BiopharmaceuticalBiopharmaceutical
CysticercosisCysticercosis
Autism spectrumAutism spectrum
Human chorionic gonadotropinHuman chorionic gonadotropin
ParasitismParasitism
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth CareGeographicals
VaccinesVaccines, InactivatedViral VaccinesVaccines, CombinedVaccines, DNAVaccines, SyntheticBacterial VaccinesAIDS VaccinesVaccines, SubunitVaccines, ConjugateVaccinationMalaria VaccinesPapillomavirus VaccinesMeningococcal VaccinesHepatitis B VaccinesMeasles VaccinePertussis VaccineHaemophilus VaccinesBCG VaccinePoliovirus Vaccine, InactivatedRabies VaccinesRotavirus VaccinesCholera VaccinesTyphoid-Paratyphoid VaccinesSmallpox VaccineTuberculosis VaccinesAntibodies, ViralChickenpox VaccineDiphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis VaccineMumps VaccineHepatitis A VaccinesImmunization ScheduleAdjuvants, ImmunologicImmunization, SecondaryMeasles-Mumps-Rubella VaccineStreptococcal VaccinesAnthrax VaccinesDengue VaccinesVaccines, VirosomeImmunizationViral Hepatitis VaccinesPoliovirus Vaccine, OralYellow Fever VaccineAntibodies, BacterialPlague VaccineFungal VaccinesRubella VaccineVaccines, AcellularSAIDS VaccinesSalmonella VaccinesVaccines, Virus-Like ParticleMice, Inbred BALB CEbola VaccinesInfluenza, HumanAntibodies, NeutralizingStaphylococcal VaccinesDiphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis VaccinesCytomegalovirus VaccinesImmunization ProgramsInjections, IntramuscularDiphtheria-Tetanus VaccinePoliovirus VaccinesAdministration, IntranasalEscherichia coli VaccinesImmunoglobulin GWest Nile Virus VaccinesHemagglutination Inhibition TestsShigella VaccinesNeutralization TestsAntibody FormationHerpes Zoster VaccinePolysorbatesImmunity, HumoralBrucella VaccineTetanus ToxoidHerpesvirus VaccinesInjections, IntradermalLeishmaniasis VaccinesAluminum HydroxideInfluenza A Virus, H1N1 SubtypeAlum CompoundsHerpes Simplex Virus VaccinesAntigens, BacterialDiphtheria ToxoidSqualeneRespiratory Syncytial Virus VaccinesCross ProtectionJapanese Encephalitis VaccinesMass VaccinationVaccines, ContraceptiveCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesGenetic VectorsVaccines, EdibleEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayImmunity, CellularWhooping CoughImmunotherapy, ActiveAntigens, ProtozoanVaccine PotencyCross ReactionsMeaslesRickettsial VaccinesSmallpoxMolecular Sequence DataInterferon-gammaParainfluenza VaccinesImmunity, MucosalRotavirus InfectionsInfluenza A Virus, H5N1 SubtypeInfluenza A Virus, H3N2 SubtypeMice, Inbred C57BLInfluenza B virusPseudorabies VaccinesMacaca mulattaVaccinia virusT-Lymphocytes, CytotoxicHemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza VirusPapillomavirus InfectionsCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesPoliomyelitisDrug StorageAntigens, ViralRabiesClinical Trials as TopicT-LymphocytesEpitopes, T-LymphocyteOrthomyxoviridae InfectionsDose-Response Relationship, ImmunologicProtozoan ProteinsInfluenza A virusMeningococcal InfectionsVaccines, MarkerHaemophilus influenzae type bSerotypingYellow fever virusNeisseria meningitidis, Serogroup BImmunity, HerdDendritic CellsLyme Disease VaccinesMumpsImmunotherapyAmino Acid SequenceDisease OutbreaksTetanusVirus SheddingPandemicsPseudomonas VaccinesHIV-1ImmunityDisease Models, AnimalViral Envelope ProteinsAdministration, OralMeningitis, MeningococcalHIV AntibodiesHepatitis B AntibodiesDiphtheriaUnited StatesImmunologic MemoryBordetella pertussisEpitopes, B-LymphocyteEnzyme-Linked Immunospot AssayPlasmodium falciparumReassortant VirusesBiolisticsVero CellsTime FactorsRabies virusRotavirusAntigens, NeoplasmBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsHIV InfectionsBacterial ProteinsLymphocyte ActivationHaemophilus InfectionsCercopithecus aethiopsAntibody SpecificityDouble-Blind MethodImmunity, ActiveInjections, SubcutaneousChickenpoxCholeraFerretsVirulenceCytokinesTechnology, PharmaceuticalProduct Surveillance, PostmarketingCell LineImmunization, PassiveInfant, NewbornPlasmidsSalmonella typhiToxoidsAdenovirus VaccinesOrthomyxoviridaeAdenoviridaeAlzheimer VaccinesSimian immunodeficiency virusDengue VirusHemorrhagic Fever, EbolaPlagueRecombinant Proteins
Vaccine SafetyVaccine Safety
Rotavirus | Vaccination | CDCRotavirus | Vaccination | CDC
Vaccines for Your Children By Age | CDCVaccines for Your Children By Age | CDC
Vaccine Information Statement | MMR | Measles-Mumps-Rubella | VIS | CDCVaccine Information Statement | MMR | Measles-Mumps-Rubella | VIS | CDC
Vaccine Recommendations for Infants & Children - Chapter 7 - 2020 Yellow Book | Travelers Health | CDCVaccine Recommendations for Infants & Children - Chapter 7 - 2020 Yellow Book | Travelers' Health | CDC
Countering Vaccine Hesitancy | From the American Academy of Pediatrics | PediatricsCountering Vaccine Hesitancy | From the American Academy of Pediatrics | Pediatrics
New Shingles Vaccine: What You Need To KnowNew Shingles Vaccine: What You Need To Know
The Adult Vaccine Quiz | CDCThe Adult Vaccine Quiz | CDC
Addressing Parents Concerns: Do Multiple Vaccines Overwhelm or Weaken the Infants Immune System? | Special Articles |...Addressing Parents' Concerns: Do Multiple Vaccines Overwhelm or Weaken the Infant's Immune System? | Special Articles |...
Vaccine Market by Technology (Live, Conjugate, Toxoid, Recombinant), Disease (Influenza, DTaP, HPV, Hepatitis, Rotavirus, TT,...Vaccine Market by Technology (Live, Conjugate, Toxoid, Recombinant), Disease (Influenza, DTaP, HPV, Hepatitis, Rotavirus, TT,...
Health Guide: Vaccine Research | GreenMedInfo | Health GuideHealth Guide: Vaccine Research | GreenMedInfo | Health Guide
New evidence emerges: Coronavirus bioweapon might have been a Chinese vaccine experiment gone wrong… genes contain pShuttle...New evidence emerges: Coronavirus "bioweapon" might have been a Chinese vaccine experiment gone wrong… genes contain "pShuttle...
Vaccination: Mumps-Measles-Rubella MMR | GreenMedInfoVaccination: Mumps-Measles-Rubella MMR | GreenMedInfo
2017-2018 Flu Vaccine Update2017-2018 Flu Vaccine Update
Vaccine Types | VaccinesVaccine Types | Vaccines
Adjuvants found in vaccines have led to an increase of autoimmune disease - NaturalNews.comAdjuvants found in vaccines have led to an increase of autoimmune disease - NaturalNews.com
Health system and immunisation strengthening support framework - Gavi, the Vaccine AllianceHealth system and immunisation strengthening support framework - Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance
Effects of Vaccine Program against Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1) Virus, United States, 2009-2010 - Volume 19, Number 3-March 2013 ...Effects of Vaccine Program against Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1) Virus, United States, 2009-2010 - Volume 19, Number 3-March 2013 ...
HPV VaccinesHPV Vaccines
WHO | Experimental Ebola vaccinesWHO | Experimental Ebola vaccines
Vaccines - healthfinder.govVaccines - healthfinder.gov
Vaccines - Lulu.comVaccines - Lulu.com
Vaccines - Reason.comVaccines - Reason.com
Safer Smallpox Vaccines In WorksSafer Smallpox Vaccines In Works
DETOXICATED VACCINES | The BMJDETOXICATED VACCINES | The BMJ
Vaccines and Neurologic DiseaseVaccines and Neurologic Disease
vaccinesvaccines
The Vaccines You Need During PregnancyThe Vaccines You Need During Pregnancy
Rotavirus vaccine - WikipediaRotavirus vaccine - Wikipedia
Hantavirus vaccine - WikipediaHantavirus vaccine - Wikipedia
Drug makers signal interest in exiting vaccine development during crisesDrug makers signal interest in exiting vaccine development during crises
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth CareGeographicals
VaccinesVaccines, InactivatedViral VaccinesVaccines, CombinedVaccines, DNAVaccines, SyntheticBacterial VaccinesAIDS VaccinesVaccines, SubunitVaccines, ConjugateVaccinationMalaria VaccinesPapillomavirus VaccinesMeningococcal VaccinesHepatitis B VaccinesMeasles VaccinePertussis VaccineHaemophilus VaccinesBCG VaccinePoliovirus Vaccine, InactivatedRabies VaccinesRotavirus VaccinesCholera VaccinesTyphoid-Paratyphoid VaccinesSmallpox VaccineTuberculosis VaccinesAntibodies, ViralChickenpox VaccineDiphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis VaccineMumps VaccineHepatitis A VaccinesImmunization ScheduleAdjuvants, ImmunologicImmunization, SecondaryMeasles-Mumps-Rubella VaccineStreptococcal VaccinesAnthrax VaccinesDengue VaccinesVaccines, VirosomeImmunizationViral Hepatitis VaccinesPoliovirus Vaccine, OralYellow Fever VaccineAntibodies, BacterialPlague VaccineFungal VaccinesRubella VaccineVaccines, AcellularSAIDS VaccinesSalmonella VaccinesVaccines, Virus-Like ParticleMice, Inbred BALB CEbola VaccinesInfluenza, HumanAntibodies, NeutralizingStaphylococcal VaccinesDiphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis VaccinesCytomegalovirus VaccinesImmunization ProgramsInjections, IntramuscularDiphtheria-Tetanus VaccinePoliovirus VaccinesAdministration, IntranasalEscherichia coli VaccinesImmunoglobulin GWest Nile Virus VaccinesHemagglutination Inhibition TestsShigella VaccinesNeutralization TestsAntibody FormationHerpes Zoster VaccinePolysorbatesImmunity, HumoralBrucella VaccineTetanus ToxoidHerpesvirus VaccinesInjections, IntradermalLeishmaniasis VaccinesAluminum HydroxideInfluenza A Virus, H1N1 SubtypeAlum CompoundsHerpes Simplex Virus VaccinesAntigens, BacterialDiphtheria ToxoidSqualeneRespiratory Syncytial Virus VaccinesCross ProtectionJapanese Encephalitis VaccinesMass VaccinationVaccines, ContraceptiveCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesGenetic VectorsVaccines, EdibleEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayImmunity, CellularWhooping CoughImmunotherapy, ActiveAntigens, ProtozoanVaccine PotencyCross ReactionsMeaslesRickettsial VaccinesSmallpoxMolecular Sequence DataInterferon-gammaParainfluenza VaccinesImmunity, MucosalRotavirus InfectionsInfluenza A Virus, H5N1 SubtypeInfluenza A Virus, H3N2 SubtypeMice, Inbred C57BLInfluenza B virusPseudorabies VaccinesMacaca mulattaVaccinia virusT-Lymphocytes, CytotoxicHemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza VirusPapillomavirus InfectionsCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesPoliomyelitisDrug StorageAntigens, ViralRabiesClinical Trials as TopicT-LymphocytesEpitopes, T-LymphocyteOrthomyxoviridae InfectionsDose-Response Relationship, ImmunologicProtozoan ProteinsInfluenza A virusMeningococcal InfectionsVaccines, MarkerHaemophilus influenzae type bSerotypingYellow fever virusNeisseria meningitidis, Serogroup BImmunity, HerdDendritic CellsLyme Disease VaccinesMumpsImmunotherapyAmino Acid SequenceDisease OutbreaksTetanusVirus SheddingPandemicsPseudomonas VaccinesHIV-1ImmunityDisease Models, AnimalViral Envelope ProteinsAdministration, OralMeningitis, MeningococcalHIV AntibodiesHepatitis B AntibodiesDiphtheriaUnited StatesImmunologic MemoryBordetella pertussisEpitopes, B-LymphocyteEnzyme-Linked Immunospot AssayPlasmodium falciparumReassortant VirusesBiolisticsVero CellsTime FactorsRabies virusRotavirusAntigens, NeoplasmBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsHIV InfectionsBacterial ProteinsLymphocyte ActivationHaemophilus InfectionsCercopithecus aethiopsAntibody SpecificityDouble-Blind MethodImmunity, ActiveInjections, SubcutaneousChickenpoxCholeraFerretsVirulenceCytokinesTechnology, PharmaceuticalProduct Surveillance, PostmarketingCell LineImmunization, PassiveInfant, NewbornPlasmidsSalmonella typhiToxoidsAdenovirus VaccinesOrthomyxoviridaeAdenoviridaeAlzheimer VaccinesSimian immunodeficiency virusDengue VirusHemorrhagic Fever, EbolaPlagueRecombinant Proteins
Specific vaccinesAdultsConjugateViralBiologicalDevelopmentRubellaDiphtheriaSkipInfluenza vaccineImmunizationPertussis vaccineChickenpoxViralChildhood2019DiseaseRecombinantType of vaccineSAFETY OF VACCINESThimerosalCoughMalariaVaricella vaccineCancer vaccinesAntigen vaccinesSearchCoronavirusHistory of vaccinesSchedules2020PneumococcalRabiesClinical trialsPolio vaccinesTuberculosis vaccineRecommended vaccine scheduleTherapeuticAnti-VaccineProphylacticOutweighTypes of vaccinesHepatitis B vacciBenefits of vaccinesBabiesMonovalent
Specific vaccines1
Adults1
  • Pneumonia vaccines are primarily given to the children less than 2 years and to the adults of 65 years and older. (giiresearch.com)
Conjugate1
Viral1
Biological1
Development3
Rubella18
Diphtheria7
Skip1
Influenza vaccine5
  • At the end of that same year, a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) analysis 2 of flu vaccine effectiveness revealed that, between 2005 and 2015, the influenza vaccine was actually less than 50 percent effective more than half of the time. (mercola.com)
  • There are many other examples of the influenza vaccine not protecting people as promised. (mercola.com)
  • For example, influenza vaccine is prepared in multidose vials that contain thimerosal and is also available in single syringes without thimerosal. (aap.org)
  • In a similar study of the viral influenza vaccine, caregivers and former caregivers both exhibited a weaker immune status than did the control group almost immediately after innoculation. (scientificamerican.com)
  • At Acambis he oversaw the licensure of the smallpox vaccine ACAM2000®, the R&D of Chimerivax® based vaccines against Japanese encephalitis, and West Nile Fever, an M2e universal Influenza vaccine, ACAM-FLU-A™, and the worlds most advanced C. difficile vaccine, as well as a number of pre-clinical stage projects including an HSV-2 vaccine and a number of innovative new vaccine delivery platforms. (terrapinn.com)
Immunization9
  • The recommended childhood and adolescent immunization schedule is available at www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules/hcp/imz/child-adolescent.html . (cdc.gov)
  • The immunization schedules for infants and children in the United States do not provide specific guidelines for those traveling internationally before the age when specific vaccines are routinely recommended. (cdc.gov)
  • The CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) hasn't confirmed whether the vaccine is safe for people who have a weakened immune system because of a disease or medicine. (webmd.com)
  • 4 Its failure was so epic, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended FluMist be taken off the list of recommended flu vaccines for the 2016 to 2017 season, a recommendation CDC officials ended up heeding. (mercola.com)
  • Samoan authorities warned Friday that anti-vaccine propaganda would not be tolerated, after a social media campaigner was arrested for opposing a mass immunization drive aimed at containing the Pacific nation's deadly measles epidemic. (courthousenews.com)
  • The Ministry of Health and Social Protection in Albania funds 100 per cent of the National Immunization Program vaccine procurement and expansion of the immunization schedule with new vaccines on a continuous basis. (unicef.org)
  • They noted that while overall childhood vaccine rates remain high in the U.S., there are areas where nonmedical exemption policies are materializing into declining immunization coverage. (scienceblogs.com)
  • Industry involvement is growing, says Michel Zaffran, deputy executive secretary of the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization, 'but it's still not at the level one would like to see. (scientificamerican.com)
  • The World Health Organization says making vaccines mandatory is one of the best ways to boost immunization rates. (reuters.com)
Pertussis vaccine6
Chickenpox6
Viral8
  • Have you ever used Combined vaccine -Viral 3 + Rabies? (medhelp.org)
  • This Review examines prophylactic HPV subunit vaccines based on the ability of the viral L1 capsid protein to form virus-like particles (VLPs) that induce high levels of neutralizing antibodies. (nih.gov)
  • The news is based on research on using two special membranes to dry the viral particles used in vaccines in order to keep them stable when stored at warm temperatures. (www.nhs.uk)
  • Many scientists are trying to develop new viral vector-based vaccines for malaria, tuberculosis, HIV-AIDs and influenza. (www.nhs.uk)
  • Theoretically, combining the viral molecules with sugars immobilises them and prevents any chemical reaction that might break down the vaccine. (www.nhs.uk)
  • The researchers used two viral vaccine vectors, called AdHu5 and MVA, both of which are unstable at warm temperatures. (www.nhs.uk)
  • Preventive (prophylactic) vaccines are used to prevent viral infections that cause cancer or contribute to cancer development. (cancer.ca)
  • What about contracting paralytic polio or vaccine-strain polio viral infection from a polio live virus-containing vaccine, or intussusception (prolapsed intestine) from vaccines containing live, oral, rhesus-based rotavirus? (wnd.com)
Childhood9
  • 4 In a national telephone survey of 1500 parents of children 6 to 23 months of age conducted in 2010 with a response rate of 46%, approximately 3% of respondents had refused all vaccines and 19.4% had refused or delayed at least 1 of the recommended childhood vaccines. (aappublications.org)
  • Coverage for the basic package of childhood vaccines is now the highest it's ever been, at 86 percent. (kottke.org)
  • Vaccines are the biggest reason for the drop in childhood deaths. (kottke.org)
  • Most safety studies on childhood vaccines have not been conducted thoroughly enough to tell whether the jabs cause side effects, a leading authority on vaccine research has warned. (telegraph.co.uk)
  • 1 By comparison, rates for most recommended early childhood vaccines are at or above 90 percent. (hhs.gov)
  • We were very close to a situation where we simply wouldn't have childhood vaccines in this country. (forbes.com)
  • Then, remarkably, the federal government passed the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act of 1986.This set up a special fund to compensate anyone damaged by vaccines, covered by a tax on all vaccines.It also created a special Vaccine Court to hear cases, and required that vaccine cases go through this court. (forbes.com)
  • One of five children in a Christian homeschooling family I know well, the child suffered an extreme and life-altering reaction to the common childhood vaccine. (wnd.com)
  • Childhood Tuberculosis: Old And New Vaccines. (wikipedia.org)
20194
  • Nov. 13, 2019 -- Unlike some vaccines , there's been so much demand for the new shingles vaccine Shingrix that it's not always easy to find. (webmd.com)
  • A 2019 Cochrane review concluded that RV1, RV5, and Rotavac vaccines are safe and are effective at preventing diarrhea. (wikipedia.org)
  • On 24-30 April 2019, we celebrate the vaccine heroes: countless individuals - from scientists to parents, from nurses to bloggers - who each play a part in helping to immunize the people. (unicef.org)
  • A vaccine for the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) isn't currently available. (healthline.com)
Disease51
  • Rotavirus vaccine is the best way to protect your child against rotavirus disease. (cdc.gov)
  • Most children (about 9 out of 10) who get the vaccine will be protected from severe rotavirus disease. (cdc.gov)
  • Administration of varicella vaccine before the age of 15 months, and the prescription of oral steroids, may be associated with a slightly increased risk of breakthrough disease. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • Live vaccines use a weakened (or attenuated) form of the germ that causes a disease. (vaccines.gov)
  • Inactivated vaccines use the killed version of the germ that causes a disease. (vaccines.gov)
  • Toxoid vaccines use a toxin (harmful product) made by the germ that causes a disease. (vaccines.gov)
  • Natural News ) Despite Big Pharma's attempts at slandering science that sheds light on the toxic reality of vaccine ingredients and their potential to cause harm, scientists around the world have continued to study vaccine adjuvants and their relationship to autoimmune disease . (naturalnews.com)
  • Immunologists from Israel have recently confirmed what past research has long suggested: Vaccine-induced disease is an increasingly common, yet unrecognized, phenomenon - and vaccine adjuvants like aluminum are indeed a threat to human health. (naturalnews.com)
  • The ASIA model ultimately explains that adverse vaccine reactions have been occurring since the practice began - and that the adjuvants used to stoke the immune system into action are a major vector for disease. (naturalnews.com)
  • In other words, vaccines likely start making people sick years before a disease actually manifests. (naturalnews.com)
  • By the end of 2017, 58 countries had immunised more than 143 million children against pneumococcal disease with support from the Vaccine Alliance. (gavi.org)
  • A parent can not make fully informed vaccine choices without first being familiar with each vaccine and each disease. (lulu.com)
  • There are suggested topics of research for each disease/vaccine to help parents come to a better understanding of how each disease is contracted, what the symptoms are, treatment options, which vaccines are available, and more. (lulu.com)
  • Some groups are at particular risk of vaccine complications: infants, pregnant women, cancer survivors, AIDS patients, organ-transplant recipients, anyone who has ever had the skin disease eczema and some others. (washingtonpost.com)
  • Scientists said Tuesday they are closing in on a new game-changing vaccine for tuberculosis, the world's deadliest infectious disease that claimed some 1.5 million lives last year. (courthousenews.com)
  • But only about half of pregnant women received these vaccines during the very severe 2017 to 2018 flu season, according to a survey from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . (yahoo.com)
  • Safety and efficacy trials in Africa and Asia found that the vaccines dramatically reduced severe disease among infants in developing countries, where a majority of rotavirus-related deaths occur. (wikipedia.org)
  • In Mexico, which in 2006 was among the first countries in the world to introduce rotavirus vaccine, the diarrheal disease death rates from rotavirus dropped by more than 65% among children age two and under during the 2009 rotavirus season. (wikipedia.org)
  • The harm from vaccines has seriously exceeded the non-existent benefit of disease prevention. (statnews.com)
  • Whenever I hear the term "vaccine-preventable" disease, I automatically think "magic-bean preventable" disease. (statnews.com)
  • Vaccines protect children against disease and death, saving up to three million lives every year or more than five lives saved every minute. (unicef.org)
  • Despite clear evidence around the power of vaccines to save lives and control disease, millions of young children around the world are missing out, putting them and their communities at risk of disease and deadly outbreaks. (unicef.org)
  • No vaccine is perfect, and some people who receive a vaccine can still get the disease. (medicinenet.com)
  • The American Academy of Pediatrics, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the Institute of Medicine all conclude that the benefits of vaccines outweigh their risks. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Hopefully GlaxoSmithKline's vaccine will be just the first generation of a series of improving vaccines that will one day relieve the world of a dangerous disease. (gadling.com)
  • Vaccines take advantage of the body's natural ability to learn how to eliminate almost any disease-causing germ, or microbe, that attacks it. (news-medical.net)
  • Traditional vaccines contain either parts of microbes or whole microbes that have been killed or weakened so that they don't cause disease. (news-medical.net)
  • Before vaccines, the only way to become immune to a disease was to actually get it and, with luck, survive it. (news-medical.net)
  • Vaccines can prevent a disease from occurring in the first place and also decrease the risk of complications and risk of transmission. (news-medical.net)
  • The vaccine is associated with serious adverse reactions including permanent nervous system damage and thrombocytopenia (a decrease in blood platelets responsible for blood clotting with accompanying spontaneous bleeding) all resulting from autoimmune disease triggered by the vaccine. (healthy.net)
  • The meningococcal vaccine helps prevent the meningococcal disease caused by a bacterium called meningococcus. (sheknows.com)
  • Smallpox -- a disease estimated to have killed 500 million people -- was eradicated from the face of the earth by vaccines. (google.com)
  • Their false premise is that vaccines cause more disease than they prevent. (google.com)
  • In the 1990's, he wanted to show that the measles vaccine (MMR) caused Crohn's disease (a chronic bowel condition). (google.com)
  • When someone immunised with this vaccine is infected with the mutant whooping cough bacterium, they lose only part of their ability to fight the disease. (newscientist.com)
  • This vaccine and others in development offer the potential to broaden population protection against meningococcal disease. (nih.gov)
  • Young children get a large number of vaccines, which help protect them from disease as they grow. (hhs.gov)
  • Vaccines as tools to reduce AMR have historically been under-recognized in these discussions, even though their effectiveness in reducing disease and AMR is well documented 10 . (nature.com)
  • But many pharmaceutical companies are developing vaccines in the hopes of protecting against the COVID-19, the disease caused by the virus. (healthline.com)
  • With the exception of some forms of premalignant disease, the proportion of patients benefiting from treatment with cancer vaccines, in addition to the mean survival advantages, leaves much to be desired. (jci.org)
  • In many phase I/II studies, these vaccines have shown clinical benefit, in particular extended overall or disease-free survival, while objective durable regressions of the type associated with targeted or immunomodulatory mAb therapy ( 2 - 6 ) or chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) ( 7 - 10 ) or adoptive T cell ( 11 , 12 ) therapy were rarely seen. (jci.org)
  • Between 1993 and 1997 they adapted their hypothesis to include the claim that not just the measles virus, but perhaps also the measles vaccine, could play a role in the onset of Crohn's disease. (jhu.edu)
  • It's especially important for people with certain medical conditions (like kidney disease, diabetes, HIV, heart problems, or asthma) to get a flu vaccine. (kidshealth.org)
  • There is a nasal spray form of the flu vaccine, but it is no longer recommended by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), for teens or adults. (kidshealth.org)
  • Some parents' groups and doctors particularly objected because the vaccine protects against a sexually transmitted disease, human papilloma virus, which causes cervical cancer. (washingtonpost.com)
  • A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe , its toxins , or one of its surface proteins . (wikiquote.org)
  • His first foray into financial incentives for disease treatment was in 1998, when he studied the idea that the public sector could buy out the patents of working vaccines. (scientificamerican.com)
  • A vaccine stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies to fight a disease. (cancer.ca)
  • When we vaccinate children, it stimulates their immune system to make antibodies that protect them against the bacteria or virus targeted by the vaccine,' says Kristen Feemster, M.D., an infectious - disease specialist at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. (parents.com)
  • On one side you have the medical establishment, including the federal government's Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which endlessly repeats the mantra that vaccines are safe and effective and everybody should get them. (wnd.com)
  • Once approved by the government, will there be another push like the current one to immunize schoolgirls against a sexually transmitted disease, only this time to mandate the AIDS vaccine for everybody? (wnd.com)
Recombinant5
Type of vaccine4
  • Based on a number of these factors, scientists decide which type of vaccine they will make. (vaccines.gov)
  • The authors' examination of the type of vaccine produced is also a significant achievement. (pnas.org)
  • The likelihood of the mutation causing an epidemic in other European countries depends on the type of vaccine used locally. (newscientist.com)
  • Side effects of cancer vaccines will depend mainly on the type of vaccine and usually last for only a short time. (cancer.ca)
SAFETY OF VACCINES2
  • Attempts to publicize the overwhelming body of evidence about the benefits/ safety of vaccines are downplayed. (google.com)
  • The French have emerged in a large global survey as the biggest skeptics in the world about the safety of vaccines. (reuters.com)
Thimerosal6
  • Thimerosal is a mercury-based preservative that has been used to prevent contamination of vaccines with bacteria and fungi. (aap.org)
  • MMR vaccine has never contained thimerosal. (aap.org)
  • Thimerosal is a preservative that was found in most vaccines in the past. (medlineplus.gov)
  • There are infant and child flu vaccines that have no thimerosal. (medlineplus.gov)
  • NO other vaccines commonly used for children or adults contain thimerosal. (medlineplus.gov)
  • As with Robert F. Kennedy Jr.'s criticisms of officials' attitude toward thimerosal, Wakefield argues that if we want to maintain high levels of vaccine compliance, we need to be especially careful about maintaining the public's confidence in their safety. (jhu.edu)
Cough3
  • I've been doing research about vaccines and vaccine safety because I recently caught a mild case of pertussis (whooping cough). (mattcutts.com)
  • A STRAIN of whooping cough that is resistant to a leading vaccine is causing an epidemic among children in the Netherlands and is spreading across Europe. (newscientist.com)
  • A recent study finds vaccine refusals have, indeed, accelerated the resurgence of whooping cough and measles here in the U.S. The findings are making headlines around the country - and comment sections are filling up with vitriol from anti-vaxxers - but it would feel amiss not to highlight the study on a blog dedicated to public health. (scienceblogs.com)
Malaria7
  • Could A Malaria Vaccine Be On The Way? (gadling.com)
  • The UK drug company GlaxoSmithKline is applying for regulatory approval of the world's first malaria vaccine, the BBC reports . (gadling.com)
  • GlaxoSmithKline's research was supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and the company says it will make the vaccine affordable for poorer nations.Ninety percent of the world's malaria cases are in the poorer regions of sub-Saharan Africa where the vaccine was tested. (gadling.com)
  • This will be of particular importance for the distribution of any HIV and malaria vaccines that may be developed, as these illnesses are very common in some hot, remote parts of Africa. (www.nhs.uk)
  • Gates rattles off milestones in the history of global health and the prices of vaccines down to the penny, but blanks on the name of one of his favorite vaccine heroes, John Enders, the late Nobel laureate, or Joe Cohen, a key inventor of the new malaria vaccine Gates helped bankroll. (forbes.com)
  • He has championed the idea that governments and other donors should try to make a malaria or tuberculosis vaccine as attractive to industry as the average drug market is. (scientificamerican.com)
  • Malaria or Tuberculosis vaccines should be as attractive to industry as the average drug market is. (scientificamerican.com)
Varicella vaccine1
  • Children 12 months through 12 years of age might receive MMR vaccine together with varicella vaccine in a single shot, known as MMRV. (cdc.gov)
Cancer vaccines5
  • In Handbook of Cancer Vaccines, leading scientific investigators and clinicians distill the vast body of literature on cancer vaccines to create an authoritative survey of the scientific background for such therapeutic vaccines, the challenges to their development, and their current uses in treating cancer. (springer.com)
  • Some vaccines however may also be therapeutic for example cancer vaccines that are being developed against cancer. (news-medical.net)
  • The clinical benefit of therapeutic cancer vaccines has been established. (jci.org)
  • Effective cancer vaccines deliver concentrated antigen to both HLA class I and II molecules of DCs, promoting both CD4 and CD8 T cell responses. (jci.org)
  • Tell your healthcare team if you have these side effects or others you think might be from cancer vaccines. (cancer.ca)
Antigen vaccines3
Search1
Coronavirus7
History of vaccines2
  • The College of Physicians of Philadelphia has launched a site on The History of Vaccines . (scienceblogs.com)
  • Chinese Smallpox Inoculation , History of vaccines.org , College of Physicians of Philadelphia . (wikiquote.org)
Schedules3
  • 1 month behind can be accessed at www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules/hcp/imz/catchup.html . (cdc.gov)
  • 9 Although the majority of parents accept vaccines, the increasing frequency of refusal and the requests for alternative vaccine schedules indicate that there are still significant barriers to overcome. (aappublications.org)
  • Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules/downloads/teen/parent-version-schedule-7-18yrs.pdf . (hhs.gov)
20203
  • Human clinical studies of the vaccine began in September followed by a Phase 3 study in December 2020. (thesun.co.uk)
  • 2 Overall, in 2017 about 53 percent of girls and 44 percent of boys ages 13-17 were up to date with the HPV vaccine, 1 well under the Healthy People 2020 target of 80 percent . (hhs.gov)
  • In the European H2020 funded project MycoSynVac (2015-2020), CRG together with INRA, the global healthcare leader MSD Animal Health , and other partners across Europe, are now working on the first synthetic biology-derived animal vaccine. (nature.com)
Pneumococcal1
  • Initially, participants in all three groups showed a positive response to the vaccine, including high levels of immunoglobin-G (IgG), an antibody the body produces to fight pneumococcal bacteria. (scientificamerican.com)
Rabies2
  • Rabies Pre-Exposure Vaccine: Will Not Getting One Come Back To Bite You In The Butt? (gadling.com)
  • In 1885, Pasteur produced his celebrated first vaccine for rabies by growing the virus in rabbits and then weakening it by drying the affected nerve tissue. (wikipedia.org)
Clinical trials5
Polio vaccines2
Tuberculosis vaccine4
  • Scientists think they've figured out how to make a century-old tuberculosis vaccine far more protective: Simply give the shot a different way. (courthousenews.com)
  • Today, the only effective tuberculosis vaccine in common use is bacilli Calmette-Guérin (BCG), first used in 1921. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other tuberculosis vaccines are at various stages of development, including: MVA85A rBCG30 72F fusion protein ESAT6-Ag85b fusion protein New vaccines are being developed by the Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, including TBVI and Aeras. (wikipedia.org)
  • Evaluation of the Safety and Immunogenicity of a Candidate Tuberculosis Vaccine, MVA85A, Delivered by Aerosol to the Lungs of Macaques. (wikipedia.org)
Recommended vaccine schedule2
  • Inside you will find each component of the CDC recommended vaccine schedule laid out in an easy-to-read fashion, allowing parents to keep track of their personal research directly in the book. (lulu.com)
  • When Katie Shutters's 13-month-old daughter, Averie, was born, she followed the recommended vaccine schedule for two months. (cnn.com)
Therapeutic2
Anti-Vaccine4
  • The medical community wrongly believes the anti-vaccine movement began with Jenny McCarthy and Andrew Wakefield, when in fact, the movement began long before that. (statnews.com)
  • The anti-vaccine movement began the same day Edward Jenner created his worthless invention and damaged his own son with it, creating the very first recorded vaccine injury in history. (statnews.com)
  • In fact, there have been resurgences of preventable illnesses due to anti-vaccine propaganda. (google.com)
  • A lot of the anti-vaccine pseudoscience and propaganda started in England with Dr. Andrew Wakefield. (google.com)
Prophylactic1
Outweigh3
Types of vaccines3
  • There are several different types of vaccines. (vaccines.gov)
  • Did you know that scientists are still working to create new types of vaccines? (vaccines.gov)
  • There are two types of vaccines: MPSV4 and MCV4. (sheknows.com)
Hepatitis B vacci3
Benefits of vaccines1
  • Another day, another study that underscores the societal benefits of vaccines and the consequences we'd face without them. (scienceblogs.com)
Babies5
  • Get answers to common questions about babies and vaccines. (healthfinder.gov)
  • And had this sort of information been available years ago when vaccine development using aborted babies began, the practice would have come to a grinding halt through public outrage. (archive.org)
  • Babies are exposed to many more antigens every day than what they will get in the vaccines. (aap.org)
  • In fact, research suggests that babies can theoretically make antibodies to 100,000 vaccines at one time. (parents.com)
  • France decided last year to up the number of compulsory vaccines to 11 from three for babies under two years old. (reuters.com)
Monovalent3
Wisconsin vaccines: State health department launches ad campaign
Wisconsin vaccines: State health department launches ad campaign (jsonline.com)
Chasm of conspiricy Part 3 Mercury, Squalene, H1N1, Vaccines - YouTube
Chasm of conspiricy Part 3 Mercury, Squalene, H1N1, Vaccines - YouTube (youtube.com)
Investigative Journalist Exposes Bill Gates UK Govt. Takeover & Glaxo Infertility Vaccines! - YouTube
Investigative Journalist Exposes Bill Gates UK Govt. Takeover & Glaxo Infertility Vaccines! - YouTube (youtube.com)
Pinterest searches about vaccines will surface content from public health organizations - CNN
Pinterest searches about vaccines will surface content from public health organizations - CNN (cnn.com)
US hopes to start virus vaccines in December as pandemic surges
US hopes to start virus vaccines in December as pandemic surges (uk.news.yahoo.com)
CDC announces availability of free influenza vaccines - Taipei Times
CDC announces availability of free influenza vaccines - Taipei Times (taipeitimes.com)
Optimization of Multimeric Human Papillomavirus L2 Vaccines
Optimization of Multimeric Human Papillomavirus L2 Vaccines (journals.plos.org)
Immune Memory and Vaccines: Great Debates by Shane Crotty, Hardcover | Barnes & Noble®
Immune Memory and Vaccines: Great Debates by Shane Crotty, Hardcover | Barnes & Noble® (barnesandnoble.com)
Vaccines by the Numbers: A public health achievement | The Olympian
Vaccines by the Numbers: A public health achievement | The Olympian (theolympian.com)
Should babies, children get routine vaccines during coronavirus pandemic? | KOMO
Should babies, children get routine vaccines during coronavirus pandemic? | KOMO (komonews.com)
Lucilla Steinaa: Improved Vaccines for the Control of East Coast Fever Inception Workshop - YouTube
Lucilla Steinaa: Improved Vaccines for the Control of East Coast Fever Inception Workshop - YouTube (youtube.com)
Cynthia Baldwin: Improved Vaccines for the Control of East Coast Fever Inception Workshop - YouTube
Cynthia Baldwin: Improved Vaccines for the Control of East Coast Fever Inception Workshop - YouTube (youtube.com)
Medicare Coverage of Vaccinations and Vaccines | Caring.com
Medicare Coverage of Vaccinations and Vaccines | Caring.com (caring.com)
Vaccines can be blamed for illness without scientific evidence, says EU court - CNN
Vaccines can be blamed for illness without scientific evidence, says EU court - CNN (edition.cnn.com)
Vaccines by the Numbers: A public health achievement | Biloxi Sun Herald
Vaccines by the Numbers: A public health achievement | Biloxi Sun Herald (sunherald.com)
Calgary flu cases rising but vaccines are still available | Calgary Herald
Calgary flu cases rising but vaccines are still available | Calgary Herald (calgaryherald.com)
Taliban to U.S.: End drone strikes in Pakistan, or no more polio vaccines - CNN
Taliban to U.S.: End drone strikes in Pakistan, or no more polio vaccines - CNN (cnn.com)
What Should Vaccine Developers Ask? Simulation of the Effectiveness of Malaria Vaccines
What Should Vaccine Developers Ask? Simulation of the Effectiveness of Malaria Vaccines (journals.plos.org)
NHSGGC : Primary school flu vaccines
NHSGGC : Primary school flu vaccines (nhsggc.org.uk)
Ventura County clinics may have given ineffective vaccines to patients
Ventura County clinics may have given ineffective vaccines to patients (vcstar.com)
Micromotors Deliver Oral Vaccines | Pharmaceutical Technology
Micromotors Deliver Oral Vaccines | Pharmaceutical Technology (pharmtech.com)
'vaccines combined' Protocols and Video...
'vaccines combined' Protocols and Video... (jove.com)
Flu Vaccines for 2020 | Get Your Flu Jab | LloydsPharmacy
Flu Vaccines for 2020 | Get Your Flu Jab | LloydsPharmacy (lloydspharmacy.com)
Mumps: Read About Symptoms and Vaccines for the Virus
Mumps: Read About Symptoms and Vaccines for the Virus (emedicinehealth.com)
The case of a baby's chickenpox-related stroke underscores the importance of vaccines | MinnPost
The case of a baby's chickenpox-related stroke underscores the importance of vaccines | MinnPost (minnpost.com)
Vaccinations: Some in NC use religious exemption to avoid vaccines | The Herald Sun
Vaccinations: Some in NC use religious exemption to avoid vaccines | The Herald Sun (heraldsun.com)
Schools are cracking down on new law for MMR vaccines | KEPR
Schools are cracking down on new law for MMR vaccines | KEPR (keprtv.com)
Videos - Vaccines: Gregory A. Poland, Richard B. Kennedy - Mayo Clinic Research
Videos - Vaccines: Gregory A. Poland, Richard B. Kennedy - Mayo Clinic Research (mayo.edu)
On COVID vaccines, Big Pharma knows to just say 'no' | Fortune
On COVID vaccines, Big Pharma knows to just say 'no' | Fortune (fortune.com)
Seth Berkley: The troubling reason why vaccines are made too late ... if they're made at all | TED Talk
Seth Berkley: The troubling reason why vaccines are made too late ... if they're made at all | TED Talk (ted.com)