Marburg Virus Disease
Marburgvirus
Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral
World Health Organization
International Classification of Diseases
Filoviridae
Ebolavirus
Research
Cooperative Behavior
Biomedical Research
International Cooperation
Phenotypic variability and asymmetry of Rieger syndrome associated with PITX2 mutations. (1/97)
PURPOSE: Rieger syndrome is an autosomal dominant condition characterized by a variable combination of anterior segment dysgenesis, dental anomalies, and umbilical hernia. To date, reports have shown mutations within the PITX2 gene associated with Rieger syndrome, iridogoniodysgenesis, and iris hypoplasia. The purposes of this study were to determine the range of expression and intrafamilial variability of PITX2 mutations in patients with anterior segment dysgenesis. METHODS: Seventy-six patients with different forms of anterior segment dysgenesis were classified clinically. DNA was obtained and screened by means of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-single-stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP) and heteroduplex analysis followed by direct sequencing. RESULTS: Eight of 76 patients had mutations within the PITX2 gene. Anterior segment phenotypes show wide variability and include a phenocopy of aniridia and Peters', Rieger, and Axenfeld anomalies. Mutations include premature terminations and splice-site and homeobox mutations, confirming that haploinsufficiency the likely pathogenic mechanism in the majority of cases. CONCLUSIONS: There is significant phenotypic variability in patients with PITX2 mutations, both within and between families. Developmental glaucoma is common. The umbilical and dental abnormalities are highly penetrant, define those at risk of carrying mutations in this gene, and guide mutation analysis. In addition, there is a range of other extraocular manifestations. (+info)Ocular histopathology of Ehrlichial infections in the dog. (2/97)
Histologic examination of eyes and brains of 27 dogs experimentally infected with either Ehrlichia canis, E. ewingii, E. chaffeensis, or human granulocytic ehrlichia (HGE) was conducted in the course of several experiments, the primary objectives of which were to investigate the susceptibility of the domestic dog to infection with various ehrlichial species and to assess the ability of ixodid tick species to acquire and transmit those infections. Uveitis and meningitis occurred in each of the dogs infected with E. canis but was not observed in dogs infected with the other Ehrlichia species. The inflammatory infiltrate was predominantly lymphocytic, monocytic, and plasmacytic; granulocytes were notably few. Ocular inflammation was most common and most intense in the ciliary body, becoming less intense in the choroid, iris, and retina, respectively. Meningitis was often accompanied by mild neuroparenchymal vascular cuffing and gliosis. The meningeal inflammatory cell infiltrate included a prominent monocyte population. Ocular and meningeal lesions were present in all E. canis-infected dogs from 22 through 200 days postexposure. Neither ocular nor brain lesions were observed with any of the other ehrlichial infections. (+info)Causes of severe visual impairment and blindness in children attending schools for the visually handicapped in the Czech Republic. (3/97)
AIMS: To describe the causes of severe visual impairment and blindness in children in schools for the visually handicapped in the Czech Republic in 1998. METHODS: Pupils attending all 10 primary schools for the visually handicapped were examined. A modified WHO/PBL eye examination record for children with blindness and low vision was used. RESULTS: 229 children (146 males and 83 females) aged 6-15 years were included in the study: 47 children had severe visual impairment (20.5%) (visual acuity in their better eye less than 6/60), and 159 were blind (69.5%) (visual acuity in their better eye less than 3/60). Anatomically, the most affected parts of the eye were the retina (124, 54.2%), optic nerve (35, 15.3%), whole globe (25, 10.9%), lens (20, 8.7%), and uvea (12, 5.2%). Aetiologically (timing of insult leading to visual loss), the major cause of visual impairment was retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) (96, 41.9 %), followed by abnormalities of unknown timing of insult (97, 42.4%), and hereditary disease (21, 9.2%). In 90 children (40%), additional disabilities were present: mental disability (36, 16%), physical handicap (16, 7%), and/or a combination of both (19, 8%). It was estimated that 127 children (56%) suffer from visual impairment caused by potentially preventable and/or treatable conditions (for example, ROP, cataract, glaucoma). CONCLUSIONS: Establishing a study group for comprehensive evaluation of causes of visual handicap in children in the Czech Republic, as well as for detailed analysis of present practice of screening for ROP was recommended. (+info)Immunocytochemical characterization of cysts in the peripheral retina and pars plana of the adult primate. (4/97)
PURPOSE: To better characterize the cellular constituents of cysts in the peripheral retina and pars plana of the adult monkey. METHODS: Frozen sections of the peripheral retinal margin and pars plana from monkeys (Macaca nemestrina) between 1 and 15 years of age were stained with toluidine blue or immunolabeled with a variety of glia- and neuron-specific antibodies. RESULTS: In animals 1 to 2 years of age, the nonpigmented inner layer of the pars plana is a pseudostratified columnar epithelium. In these young animals, the peripheral retina had distinct layers and did not contain cysts. In animals 6 years of age or older, there were numerous cysts in the pars plana and in the peripheral retina. In the peripheral retina, neurons were randomly distributed and did not have a laminar organization. Cells surrounding cysts were immunoreactive for different types of markers for retinal neurons. Some of the cells surrounding cysts in the pars plana were also unexpectedly immunoreactive for antigens normally expressed only in retinal neurons and glia. CONCLUSIONS: Cysts form in the peripheral retina and pars plana in adult monkeys. The peripheral retinal cysts disrupt the normal lamination of the cells, but all types of retinal neurons are still present in the cysts. In an unexpected finding, cysts in the pars plana also contained cells immunoreactive for a few of the markers of retinal cells, suggesting that neurogenesis may occur in the pars plana of the adult primate. (+info)Frequency of ciliary body or retinal breaks and retinal detachment in eyes with atopic cataract. (5/97)
AIM: To determine the frequency of ciliary body or retinal breaks and retinal detachment in eyes with atopic cataract. METHODS: The records of 106 eyes (74 patients) with atopic cataract that underwent cataract extraction were reviewed. The frequency of ciliary body or retinal breaks and retinal detachment was classified by their presence preoperatively and postoperatively, and by cataract type. RESULTS: Breaks were detected preoperatively in 27 eyes (25.5%) of 17 patients in the ciliary body (20 eyes, 18.9%), near the ora serrata (five eyes, 4.7%), and in undefined locations (two eyes, 1.9%). Among these, 16 eyes (15.1%) had already developed retinal detachment. After surgery, a ciliary body break occurred in one eye (0.9%) and retinal detachment in four eyes (3.8%) of three patients. The breaks that caused postoperative retinal detachment were in the ciliary body. When classified by cataract type, the highest frequency of breaks was associated with mature cataracts (35.0%), and all eyes with breaks developed retinal detachment. CONCLUSIONS: One fourth of eyes with atopic cataract had breaks in the ciliary body or ora serrata, or retinal detachment preoperatively. The highest frequency of either breaks or retinal detachment was associated with mature cataract. The frequency of breaks or detachment that occurred postoperatively (approximately 5%) was lower than that present preoperatively. (+info)The indocyanine green findings in idiopathic uveal effusion syndrome. (6/97)
We report two cases clinically diagnosed as idiopathic uveal effusion syndrome, where indocyanine green angiogram suggest non-specific choroidal inflammation as the underlying cause. Treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was beneficial. (+info)Ultrasound biomicroscopic findings in rabbit eyes undergoing scleral suction during lamellar refractive surgery. (7/97)
PURPOSE: To evaluate changes of the central anterior chamber depth, cilio-angular cross-sectional surface area, and intraocular pressure in rabbit eyes undergoing application of the scleral suction ring during lamellar refractive surgery. METHODS: Thirty eyes of 30 rabbits were used in the study. The eyes were assigned to one of the following five surgical groups: group 1, no application of the suction ring; group 2, suction for 2 minutes; group 3, suction for 1 minute; group 4, suction for 20 seconds; and group 5, suction for 10 seconds. Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) was performed to determine tomographic features, including central anterior chamber depth, cross-sectional surface area of the ciliary body, and chamber angle structure before and 10 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 1 day, 2 days, 1 week, and 2 weeks after surgery. Intraocular pressure was also measured at each of these time points. RESULTS: Swelling of the ciliary body occurred in groups 2 to 5 of eyes from 10 minutes up to 1 day after the operation, and its severity was positively related to the duration of suction. Shallowness of the chamber angle was positively related to swelling. All UBM-detectable changes became insignificant compared with baseline values at 2 days after the operation. No significant change was found in the central anterior chamber depth and intraocular pressure during the 2-week postoperative observation period. CONCLUSIONS: Transient change in the ciliary body and the chamber angle occurred frequently after application of the scleral suction ring during lamellar refractive surgery in rabbit eyes. Its severity was positively related to the duration of suction. Swelling of the ciliary body corresponded with the shallowness of the chamber angle without alteration of the corneal-lenticular distance and intraocular pressure. (+info)Gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina: clinical, ophthalmologic, and biochemical considerations. (8/97)
A case of gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina associated with hyperornithinemia has been subjected to extensive clinical and biochemical investigation. The familial occurrence of the ocular disease and of abnormality of amino acid was unique to this 28-year-old male, being absent in parents and siblings. He presented with progressive visual loss, and was found to have cataracts and large areas of peripheral lacunar atrophy. Clinically there was no other abnormality. However, he was hyperuricemic and has an abnormal EEG. Despite otherwise normal biochemical indices of hepatic, renal, and muscle function; selective catheterization of an artery, the hepatic vein, the renal vein, and a deep forearm vein showed all of these circulatory beds to be producing ornithine according to arteriovenous difference measurements. Cerebrospinal fluid and urine contained increased amounts of ornithine. Though electromyography was normal, the muscle biopsy was abnormal. Clinical tests including arginine loading, glucose tolerance testing, and other measurements of blood variables provided inferences as to the metabolic locus of the abnormality. The syndrome is a systemic multiorgan disorder in which the choroid and retina would appear to be target organs and the hyperornithinemia to be of, as yet, undetermined cause and pathogenic significance. (+info)Uveal diseases refer to a group of medical conditions that affect the uvea, which is the middle layer of the eye located between the sclera (the white of the eye) and the retina (the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye). The uvea consists of the iris (the colored part of the eye), the ciliary body (which controls the lens), and the choroid (a layer of blood vessels that provides nutrients to the retina).
Uveal diseases can cause inflammation, damage, or tumors in the uvea, leading to symptoms such as eye pain, redness, light sensitivity, blurred vision, and floaters. Some common uveal diseases include uveitis (inflammation of the uvea), choroidal melanoma (a type of eye cancer that affects the choroid), and iris nevus (a benign growth on the iris). Treatment for uveal diseases depends on the specific condition and may include medications, surgery, or radiation therapy.
Marburg Virus Disease (MVD) is an acute and often fatal viral hemorrhagic fever illness caused by the Marburg virus, a member of the filovirus family. It's a highly infectious disease that can be transmitted from human to human through direct contact with infected bodily fluids, tissues, or indirectly through contaminated surfaces and materials.
The incubation period for MVD ranges from 2 to 21 days, after which symptoms such as fever, chills, headache, muscle aches, severe malaise, and progressive weakness appear. Around the fifth day of illness, a maculopapular rash may occur, followed by diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and non-bloody stools. In some cases, patients may develop severe bleeding disorders, shock, liver failure, and multi-organ dysfunction, which can lead to death in 24-48 hours.
Currently, there are no approved vaccines or antiviral treatments for MVD, but supportive care is crucial for managing the symptoms of the disease. Preventive measures such as avoiding contact with infected individuals and their bodily fluids, wearing protective clothing, and practicing good hygiene can help prevent the spread of the virus.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Marburgviruses are toxiviral hemorrhagic fever-causing agents that belong to the Filoviridae family, which also includes Ebolaviruses. These enveloped, non-segmented, negative-stranded RNA viruses cause a severe and often fatal illness in humans and non-human primates. The Marburg virus was initially discovered in 1967, after simultaneous outbreaks occurred in laboratories in Marburg and Frankfurt, Germany, and in Belgrade, Yugoslavia (now Serbia).
The virions of Marburgviruses are typically filamentous or U-shaped and measure approximately 80 nm in diameter. The genome consists of a single non-segmented, negative-sense RNA molecule that encodes seven structural proteins: nucleoprotein (NP), polymerase cofactor protein (VP35), matrix protein (VP40), glycoprotein (GP), transcription activator protein (VP30), RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (L), and a small hydrophobic protein (sVP24 or VP80).
Marburgviruses are primarily transmitted to humans through contact with the bodily fluids of infected animals, such as bats and non-human primates. Human-to-human transmission can occur via direct contact with infected individuals' blood, secretions, organs, or other bodily fluids, as well as through contaminated surfaces and materials.
The incubation period for Marburg virus disease (MVD) typically ranges from 2 to 21 days. Initial symptoms include fever, chills, headache, muscle aches, and general malaise. As the disease progresses, patients may develop severe watery diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and unexplained bleeding or bruising. In fatal cases, MVD can cause multi-organ failure, shock, and death, often within 7 to 14 days after symptom onset.
Currently, there are no approved vaccines or antiviral treatments specifically for Marburg virus infections. However, supportive care, such as fluid replacement, electrolyte management, and treatment of secondary infections, can help improve outcomes for MVD patients. Preventive measures, including the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and proper infection control practices, are crucial to reducing the risk of transmission during outbreaks.
**Hemorrhagic fevers, viral** are a group of severe, potentially fatal illnesses caused by viruses that affect the body's ability to regulate its blood vessels and clotting abilities. These viruses belong to several different families including *Filoviridae* (e.g., Ebola, Marburg), *Arenaviridae* (e.g., Lassa, Machupo), *Bunyaviridae* (e.g., Hantavirus, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus) and *Flaviviridae* (e.g., Dengue, Yellow Fever).
The initial symptoms are non-specific and include sudden onset of fever, fatigue, muscle aches, joint pains, headache, and vomiting. As the disease progresses, it may lead to capillary leakage, internal and external bleeding, and multi-organ failure resulting in shock and death in severe cases.
The transmission of these viruses can occur through various means depending on the specific virus. For example, some are transmitted via contact with infected animals or their urine/feces (e.g., Hantavirus), others through insect vectors like ticks (Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever) or mosquitoes (Dengue, Yellow Fever), and yet others through direct contact with infected body fluids (Ebola, Marburg).
There are no specific treatments for most viral hemorrhagic fevers. However, some experimental antiviral drugs have shown promise in treating certain types of the disease. Supportive care, such as maintaining blood pressure, replacing lost fluids and electrolytes, and managing pain, is critical to improving outcomes. Prevention measures include avoiding areas where the viruses are common, using personal protective equipment when caring for infected individuals or handling potentially contaminated materials, and controlling insect vectors.
Sources: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), World Health Organization (WHO).
The World Health Organization (WHO) is not a medical condition or term, but rather a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health. Here's a brief description:
The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that acts as the global authority on public health issues. Established in 1948, WHO's primary role is to coordinate and collaborate with its member states to promote health, prevent diseases, and ensure universal access to healthcare services. WHO is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, and has regional offices around the world. It plays a crucial role in setting global health standards, monitoring disease outbreaks, and providing guidance on various public health concerns, including infectious diseases, non-communicable diseases, mental health, environmental health, and maternal, newborn, child, and adolescent health.
The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is a standardized system for classifying and coding mortality and morbidity data, established by the World Health Organization (WHO). It provides a common language and framework for health professionals, researchers, and policymakers to share and compare health-related information across countries and regions.
The ICD codes are used to identify diseases, injuries, causes of death, and other health conditions. The classification includes categories for various body systems, mental disorders, external causes of injury and poisoning, and factors influencing health status. It also includes a section for symptoms, signs, and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings.
The ICD is regularly updated to incorporate new scientific knowledge and changing health needs. The most recent version, ICD-11, was adopted by the World Health Assembly in May 2019 and will come into effect on January 1, 2022. It includes significant revisions and expansions in several areas, such as mental, behavioral, neurological disorders, and conditions related to sexual health.
In summary, the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is a globally recognized system for classifying and coding diseases, injuries, causes of death, and other health-related information, enabling standardized data collection, comparison, and analysis across countries and regions.
Filoviridae is a family of negative-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses that includes three genera: Ebolavirus, Marburgvirus, and Cuevavirus. These viruses are known to cause severe hemorrhagic fever in humans and nonhuman primates, with high fatality rates. The most well-known members of this family are Ebola virus and Marburg virus.
The virions of Filoviridae are filamentous, often having a "U," "6," or "hook" shape, and can be up to 14,000 nanometers in length. The genome of these viruses is non-segmented and contains seven genes that encode for structural proteins and enzymes necessary for replication.
Transmission of Filoviridae occurs through direct contact with infected bodily fluids or contaminated surfaces, and infection can result in a range of symptoms including fever, severe headache, muscle pain, weakness, fatigue, and hemorrhage. There are currently no approved vaccines or antiviral treatments for Filoviridae infections, although several are in development.
Ebolavirus is a genus of viruses in the family Filoviridae, order Mononegavirales. It is named after the Ebola River in the Democratic Republic of Congo (formerly Zaire), where the virus was first identified in 1976. There are six species of Ebolavirus, four of which are known to cause disease in humans: Zaire ebolavirus, Sudan ebolavirus, Bundibugyo ebolavirus, and Tai Forest ebolavirus (formerly Cote d'Ivoire ebolavirus). The fifth species, Reston ebolavirus, is known to cause disease in non-human primates and pigs, but not in humans. The sixth and most recently identified species, Bombali ebolavirus, has not been associated with any human or animal diseases.
Ebolaviruses are enveloped, negative-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses that cause a severe and often fatal hemorrhagic fever in humans and non-human primates. The virus is transmitted to people from wild animals and spreads in the human population through human-to-human transmission. Fruit bats of the Pteropodidae family are considered to be the natural host of Ebolavirus.
The symptoms of Ebolavirus disease (EVD) typically include fever, severe headache, muscle pain, weakness, fatigue, and sore throat, followed by vomiting, diarrhea, rash, impaired kidney and liver function, and in some cases, both internal and external bleeding. The case fatality rate of EVD is variable but has been historically high, ranging from 25% to 90% in past outbreaks depending on the species and the quality of medical care. There are no licensed specific treatments or vaccines available for EVD, although several promising candidates are currently under development.
Research, in the context of medicine, is a systematic and rigorous process of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting information in order to increase our understanding, develop new knowledge, or evaluate current practices and interventions. It can involve various methodologies such as observational studies, experiments, surveys, or literature reviews. The goal of medical research is to advance health care by identifying new treatments, improving diagnostic techniques, and developing prevention strategies. Medical research is typically conducted by teams of researchers including clinicians, scientists, and other healthcare professionals. It is subject to ethical guidelines and regulations to ensure that it is conducted responsibly and with the best interests of patients in mind.
Cooperative behavior, in a medical or healthcare context, refers to the actions and attitudes displayed by individuals or groups working together to achieve a common goal related to health and well-being. This may involve patients following their healthcare providers' advice, healthcare professionals collaborating to diagnose and treat medical conditions, or communities coming together to promote healthy behaviors and environments. Cooperative behavior is essential for positive health outcomes, as it fosters trust, communication, and shared decision-making between patients and healthcare providers, and helps to ensure that everyone involved in the care process is working towards the same goal.
Biomedical research is a branch of scientific research that involves the study of biological processes and diseases in order to develop new treatments and therapies. This type of research often involves the use of laboratory techniques, such as cell culture and genetic engineering, as well as clinical trials in humans. The goal of biomedical research is to advance our understanding of how living organisms function and to find ways to prevent and treat various medical conditions. It encompasses a wide range of disciplines, including molecular biology, genetics, immunology, pharmacology, and neuroscience, among others. Ultimately, the aim of biomedical research is to improve human health and well-being.
Research personnel, in the context of medical and scientific research, refers to individuals who are involved in the design, conduct, or reporting of research studies. This can include, but is not limited to, principal investigators, co-investigators, research assistants, research coordinators, data managers, biostatisticians, and laboratory technicians. These individuals may have various levels of education, training, and expertise, and their roles and responsibilities will depend on the specific research study and their individual qualifications. It is important for research personnel to adhere to ethical guidelines and regulations in order to ensure the integrity and validity of research findings.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "International Cooperation" is not a medical term. It refers to the collaboration and exchange of resources and information between countries or international organizations in various fields, including politics, economics, culture, environment, and security, among others. In the context of healthcare and medicine, international cooperation can involve joint research projects, sharing of data and clinical trial results, collaborative efforts to combat global health issues (such as infectious diseases or chronic conditions), capacity building in low-resource settings, and standardizing medical practices and guidelines across countries.
"Research Support as Topic" is not a specific medical term or diagnosis. However, in the context of medical literature and research, "research support" refers to the resources, funding, and infrastructure that enable and facilitate the conduct of scientific research. This can include financial support from various sources such as government agencies, private organizations, or institutions; access to laboratory facilities, equipment, and databases; and technical assistance in study design, data collection and analysis, and manuscript preparation.
When "research support" is designated as a topic in medical literature, it typically refers to articles that discuss the various aspects of research funding, ethics, and management, including best practices for grant writing, financial conflict of interest disclosures, and responsible conduct of research. It may also include studies that examine the impact of research support on the quality, quantity, and outcomes of scientific research.
"Academies and Institutes" in a medical context typically refer to organizations that are dedicated to advancing knowledge, research, and education in a specific field of medicine or healthcare. These organizations often bring together experts and leaders in the field to share knowledge, conduct research, and develop guidelines or policies. They may also provide training and certification for healthcare professionals.
Examples of medical academies and institutes include:
* The National Academy of Medicine (NAM) in the United States, which provides independent, objective analysis and advice to the nation on medical and health issues.
* The Royal College of Physicians (RCP) in the United Kingdom, which is a professional body dedicated to improving the practice of medicine, with a particular focus on physicians.
* The American Heart Association (AHA) and the American College of Cardiology (ACC), which are two leading organizations focused on cardiovascular disease and healthcare.
* The World Health Organization (WHO) is an international organization that coordinates and directs global health activities, including research, policy-making, and service delivery.
These institutions play a crucial role in shaping medical practice and policy by providing evidence-based recommendations and guidelines, as well as training and certification for healthcare professionals.
Marburg virus disease
Choroidal nevus
Emil Krückmann
Claude Jade
Ardisia crenata
List of diseases (U)
Atul Kumar (ophthalmologist)
Uveal melanoma
Sympathetic ophthalmia
Ebola
Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease
List of diseases (C)
RASEF
UACA
Uvea
Panuveitis
Ocular melanosis
Visual impairment
Intraocular schwannoma
Heterochromia iridum
Melphalan
DecisionDx-UM
Self-portrait with Dr Arrieta
Panophthalmitis
Tebentafusp
Tropical spastic paraparesis
Allan Burns (surgeon)
List of MeSH codes (C11)
Proton therapy
Santosh G. Honavar
Marburg virus disease - Wikipedia
Punctuated evolution of canonical genomic aberrations in uveal melanoma | Nature Communications
The First Liver-directed Treatment for Metastatic Uveal Melanoma - American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
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Uveitis13
- Anterior uveitis in Hansen disease. (medscape.com)
- Uveitis and systemic inflammatory markers in convalescent phase of Ebola virus disease. (cdc.gov)
- Defining features of late-stage disease include sunset glow fundus, or, characteristic uveitis with at least 1 of the following cutaneous findings: vitiligo, poliosis, or alopecia. (medscape.com)
- There are those, such as lens-induced uveitis, which simply represent the end stages of chronic disease. (unboundmedicine.com)
- This session will focus on some of the more common conditions affecting the uveal tract, including uveitis, glaucoma, neoplasia and systemic disease. (cpd-solutions.com)
- Spondyloarthropathies (SpA) encompass a group of chronic inflammatory diseases sharing common genetic and clinical features, including the association with HLA-B27 antigen, the involvement of both the axial and the peripheral skeleton, the presence of dactylitis, enthesitis, and typical extra-articular manifestations such as psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, and acute anterior uveitis (AAU). (hindawi.com)
- The disease course is usually complicated by extra-articular manifestations (EAMs), such as psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and acute anterior uveitis (AAU) [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
- Overview of Uveitis Uveitis is defined as inflammation of the uveal tract-the iris, ciliary body, and choroid. (msdmanuals.com)
- Rheumatoid arthritis, in contrast, is not associated with isolated uveitis but can cause scleritis, which may cause secondary uveal tract inflammation. (msdmanuals.com)
- Uveitis leads to different symptoms depending on the uveal area affected by the disease. (drhuseyinacar.com)
- Golden retriever cystic uveal disease or pigmentary uveitis is an insidious, blinding condition that has become common in the breed. (cahfpets.ca)
- [ 9 ] All these reports point to sex differences in clinical manifestations and pathogenesis of uveitis that may be important for disease prevention and treatment. (medscape.com)
- Late manifestations of complete VKH disease include evidence of previous early manifestations of the disease, as outlined above, with ocular depigmentation and nummular chorioretinal scars, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) clumping and migration, or anterior uveitis. (medscape.com)
Tract12
- The uveal tract is the blood vessel-rich middle layer of the eye wall. (cancer.net)
- In the eye, melanocytes are located within the uveal tract. (cancer.net)
- Melanoma of the uveal tract (iris, ciliary body, and choroid), though rare, is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults. (cigna.com)
- Uveal melanomas can arise in the anterior (iris) or the posterior (ciliary body or choroid) uveal tract. (cigna.com)
- 6 ] Most uveal tract melanomas originate in the choroid. (cigna.com)
- There are lesions of the orbit, eyelid, and uveal tract that epitomize the geriatric penchant for neoplasia. (unboundmedicine.com)
- A melanoma that originates from melanocytes of the uveal tract and has spread to the liver. (nih.gov)
- The uveal tract (the iris, ciliary body and choroid) is frequently affected by disease. (cpd-solutions.com)
- The latter is commonly reported as a noninfectious acute inflammation of the anterior uveal tract and its adjacent structures. (hindawi.com)
- The latter is commonly reported as a noninfectious acute inflammation of the anterior uveal tract and its adjacent structures, which may affect more than 20% of SpA patients representing the most common EAM of the disease [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
- A number of connective tissue diseases cause inflammation of the uveal tract. (msdmanuals.com)
- [ 2 ] The uveitides are a collection of diseases that result in inflammation of the uveal tract that may also involve the retina and vitreous. (medscape.com)
Metastatic disease11
- Liver metastases occur in up to 95% of patients with metastatic disease, and these lesions are often unresectable . (aacr.org)
- Laboratory testing for melanoma should be considered in patients with equivocal histopathologic results following a biopsy, metastatic disease, and in those considering or undergoing treatment for melanoma. (arupconsult.com)
- Although not recommended for routine diagnostic evaluation in cutaneous melanoma, molecular testing may be useful in patients with metastatic disease and in patients being considered for clinical trial participation. (arupconsult.com)
- Its presentation is very aggressive and around half of the affected individuals are likely to develop metastatic disease. (medscape.com)
- Uveal melanoma is notoriously difficult to treat, and is a metastatic disease that lacks any approved therapies. (taconic.com)
- Even with treatment, nearly half of patients will develop metastatic disease, most commonly affecting the liver. (moffitt.org)
- Despite successful treatment of the primary tumor, nearly half of patients will develop metastatic disease several years later. (moffitt.org)
- Metastatic disease from uveal melanoma: treatment options and future prospects. (nih.gov)
- Purpose Up to 50% of sufferers with uveal melanoma (UM) develop metastatic disease with small treatment plans. (bioinbrief.com)
- Up to 50% of individuals develop metastatic disease, typically in the liver organ (89%) [2]. (bioinbrief.com)
- Disease recurrence was observed in 52% of patients until the last follow-up, with 80% of them having a first metastasis in the liver, followed by 7% in the lung, and 7% having a widespread metastatic disease at once. (nesurgical.org)
Called uveal melanoma1
- Eye melanoma is often called uveal melanoma. (cancer.net)
Melanocytes6
- Uveal melanoma, which comprises only 3-5% of melanomas, arises from melanocytes found in the iris, ciliary body, and/or choroid of the eye. (arupconsult.com)
- VKH disease is considered to be a T-cell-mediated autoimmune response directed against melanocytes, although the exact antigens involved are incompletely understood. (medscape.com)
- Like skin melanomas, uveal melanoma starts in melanocytes, the pigment cells that give color to the eyes. (moffitt.org)
- It allows for uveal melanocytes to rapidly multiply. (moffitt.org)
- Uveal melanoma arises from melanocytes within the choroid layer of the eye. (news-medical.net)
- VKH disease currently is considered to be a cell-mediated autoimmune disease directed against melanocytes. (medscape.com)
Ciliary body3
- About 5% to 8% of uveal melanoma starts in the ciliary body. (cancer.net)
- Because the ciliary body is located behind the iris, the disease can grow undetected for a longer time than choroidal melanoma or iris melanoma. (cancer.net)
- Trial Sign up ClinicalTrials.gov "type":"clinical-trial","attrs":"text message":"NCT01355120″,"term_identification":"NCT01355120″NCT01355120 Intro Uveal melanoma (UM), due to the iris, ciliary body, or choroid of the attention, 607742-69-8 represents 3% of most melanomas [1]. (bioinbrief.com)
Metastasis4
- Our team is studying two mutations that we believe play a role in disease progression and metastasis. (moffitt.org)
- Uveal melanoma pathobiology: Metastasis to the liver. (nih.gov)
- A prognostic test to predict the risk of metastasis in uveal melanoma based on a 15-gene expression profile. (jamanetwork.com)
- Augsburger JJ, Corrêa ZM, Trichopoulos N. Surveillance testing for metastasis from primary uveal melanoma and effect on patient survival. (jamanetwork.com)
Malignant3
- Kujala E, Mäkitie T, Kivelä T. Very long-term prognosis of patients with malignant uveal melanoma. (jamanetwork.com)
- Malignant melanoma is a serious disease when metastases occur. (avhandlingar.se)
- In the present investigation 265 patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma and uveal melanoma was investigated with flow cytometry. (avhandlingar.se)
Tumor6
- Scientific literature supports that HEPZATO KIT may have broad applicability in other tumor types, and we intend to expand our development efforts beyond uveal melanoma given the high incidence of unresectable hepatic dominant tumors. (biospace.com)
- Prognostic implications of tumor diameter in association with gene expression profile for uveal melanoma. (jamanetwork.com)
- The management of SpA has dramatically improved over the last decades due to the development of new treat-to-target strategies and to the introduction of biologic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs), particularly tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors (TNFis), currently used for the treatment of nonresponder patients to conventional synthetic agents. (hindawi.com)
- Among biologic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs), tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors (TNFis) are currently widely used for the treatment of SpA. (hindawi.com)
- In patients with advanced uveal melanoma , treatment with the agent selumetinib, compared with chemotherapy, resulted in an improved cancer progression-free survival time and tumor response rate, but no improvement in overall survival, according to a study in the June 18 issue of JAMA . (news-medical.net)
- Intrinsic Tumor Characteristics Related to Recurrence Risk and Overall Survival In Patients with Uveal Melanoma. (nesurgical.org)
Melanoma patients2
- We expect this work to lead to a future clinical trial and hopefully better outcomes for uveal melanoma patients," said Smalley. (moffitt.org)
- This study lays the foundation for the rationale to apply genomic testing in uveal melanoma patients for prognostic prediction and risk stratification. (nesurgical.org)
Lesions3
- Small uveal lesions are observed for growth before making a diagnosis of melanoma. (cigna.com)
- Atlas of Veterinary Surgical Pathology delivers a comprehensive exploration of the lesions and diseases most commonly encountered by veterinary practitioners in small animals and horses. (a3shop.hu)
- Perfect for veterinary pathologists and residents, Veterinary Surgical Pathology is a practical handbook to the lesions and diseases encountered by veterinary professionals in small animal and equine surgical pathology. (a3shop.hu)
Treat metastatic1
- The FDA approved a kit that allows for liver-directed delivery of the chemotherapy melphalan to treat metastatic liver disease from uveal melanoma. (aacr.org)
Metastases6
- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved a kit for hepatic delivery of the chemotherapy agent melphalan (HEPZATO KIT) as a treatment for adult patients with unresectable liver metastases from uveal melanoma, a type of cancer found in the eye. (aacr.org)
- The treatment is indicated for patients whose metastases affect less than 50% of the liver and who have no or limited extrahepatic disease. (aacr.org)
- The approval was based on results from FOCUS , a single-arm, multicenter, open-label phase III clinical trial in 91 patients with uveal melanoma who had unresectable liver metastases and no extrahepatic disease or extrahepatic metastases limited to the bone, lymph nodes, subcutaneous tissues, or lung that could be resected or treated with radiation therapy. (aacr.org)
- Exclusion Criteria: Disease Under Study and Prior Anticancer Therapy Presence of untreated or symptomatic central nervous system (CNS) metastases, leptomeningeal disease, or cord compression. (platohealth.ai)
- Survival of patients with metastases from uveal melanoma. (jamanetwork.com)
- Hepatic intra-arterial versus intravenous fotemustine in patients with liver metastases from uveal melanoma (EORTC 18021): a multicentric randomized trial. (jamanetwork.com)
Genomic1
- To examine the association between clinical, histopathologic, and genomic factors and disease recurrence or mortality in patients with uveal melanoma. (nesurgical.org)
Intraocular melanoma1
- Uveal melanoma , also called intraocular melanoma, is a rare cancer that develops in the middle layer of the eye. (aacr.org)
Systemic diseases2
Prognostic3
- Collaborative Ocular Oncology Group report number 1: prospective validation of a multi-gene prognostic assay in uveal melanoma. (jamanetwork.com)
- Authors of a new study have created and validated a prognostic model they say could accurately predict prognosis of uveal melanoma (UM), a disease that carries a high mortality rate and overall survival (OS) time of approximately 1 year. (ajmc.com)
- Shi K, Li X, Zhang J, Sun X. Development and validation of a novel metabolic signature-based prognostic model for uveal melanoma. (ajmc.com)
Unresectable2
- Tebentafusp for the treatment of HLA-A*02:01-positive adult patients with unresectable or metastatic uveal melanoma. (nih.gov)
- Previously, the FDA has granted Breakthrough Therapy Designation (BTD) to tebentafusp for the treatment of HLA-A*02:01-positive adult patients with unresectable or metastatic uveal melanoma. (immunocore.com)
Effusion1
- Dr. Natasha Ferreira Santos da Cruz and colleagues manage a case of nanophthalmic uveal effusion syndrome, a rare disease that tends to follow a relapsing-remitting course and can be challenging to treat. (aao.org)
Cutaneous4
- Cutaneous melanoma is the primary form of the disease, but other forms can also occur (eg, uveal or mucosal melanoma). (arupconsult.com)
- First, we searched in The Cancer Genome Atlas for commercially available CAR-T targets and found ERBB2 (HER2) to be the most highly expressed for both cutaneous and uveal melanoma. (taconic.com)
- We used cell lines of cutaneous and uveal melanoma to study the specificity of the HER2 CAR-T cells by knocking out the target HER2 in the cells with CRISPR/Cas9 technology. (taconic.com)
- Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease is a multisystemic disorder characterized by granulomatous panuveitis with exudative retinal detachments that is often associated with neurologic and cutaneous manifestations. (medscape.com)
Cancer9
- Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary eye cancer and frequently leads to metastatic death, which is strongly linked to BAP1 mutations. (nature.com)
- Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common cancer of the eye and leads to metastatic death in up to half of patients. (nature.com)
- According to the National Cancer Institute, the mean age-adjusted incidence of uveal melanoma in the U.S. is 4.3 new cases per 1 million people . (aacr.org)
- Thanks to Lifesaving Cancer Research 18,000,000 cancer survivors in the United States are living with, through, and beyond their disease. (aacr.org)
- Dr Paul Nathan, uveal melanoma lead for the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer, said: 'Metastatic uveal melanoma has historically been associated with a particularly poor prognosis and, up until now, has been refractory to most treatments. (medscape.com)
- We are interested to study other types of cancer in the immune-humanized mouse model to see if it is possible to model diseases other than melanoma. (taconic.com)
- Moffitt Cancer Center is leading a five-year research project taking a closer look at the mechanisms behind uveal melanoma, a rare type of eye cancer, including why the disease often spreads to the liver and ways to treat it. (moffitt.org)
- Dr. Keiran Smalley , director of Moffitt's Donald A. Adam Melanoma and Skin Cancer Center of Excellence , has been working with Dr. Jonathan Licht, director of the University of Florida Health Caner Center, and Dr. J. William Harbour, associate director for basic science at Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, since 2016 to better understand the mechanisms driving uveal melanoma. (moffitt.org)
- Uveal melanoma (UM) is a rare subtype of melanoma but the most frequent primary cancer of the eye in adults. (emerginginvestigators.org)
Outcomes3
- A short, patient based questionnaire was developed and validated for evaluating outcomes following treatment for uveal melanoma. (bmj.com)
- CONCLUSIONS The MOOD is a practical and scientifically sound patient based measure which can be used in research and audit to evaluate outcomes following treatment for uveal melanoma. (bmj.com)
- Obstacles to improving outcomes in the treatment of uveal melanoma. (nih.gov)
Clinical12
- Its clinical symptoms are very similar to those of Ebola virus disease (EVD). (wikipedia.org)
- The most detailed study on the frequency, onset, and duration of MVD clinical signs and symptoms was performed during the 1998-2000 mixed MARV/RAVV disease outbreak. (wikipedia.org)
- Early clinical sequelae of Ebola virus disease in Sierra Leone: a cross-sectional study. (cdc.gov)
- Through this collaboration, external researchers may gain access to the NIH Clinical Center and leverage the diverse Clinical Center resources, expertise, and infrastructure available to test promising laboratory- and animal-based discoveries with potential for advancing disease diagnosis, treatment and prevention. (nih.gov)
- Clinical assessment supported by the imaging findings led to the diagnosis of a uveal melanoma. (efsumb.org)
- Advances in the clinical management of uveal melanoma. (nih.gov)
- Effect of selumetinib vs chemotherapy on progression-free survival in uveal melanoma: a randomized clinical trial. (jamanetwork.com)
- Breed-related eyelid disease such as entropion, ectropion and trichiasis can represent significant clinical challenges in practice. (cpd-solutions.com)
- The management of metastatic uveal melanoma still presents a major clinical challenge, and it is important for healthcare providers to be aware of the most current recommendations by the NCCN Panel. (nccn.org)
- Clinicians are challenged to remain up-to-date about the treatment advances that will enable them to make informed decisions to optimize the clinical outcome of patients with relapsed/refractory disease. (nccn.org)
- Spondyloarthropathies (SpA) embrace different chronic inflammatory diseases sharing common genetic (association with HLA-B27 antigen) and clinical features. (hindawi.com)
- Traditional histopathologic and clinical factors, as well as genetic mutations can display a significant correlation with disease recurrence and patient overall survival. (nesurgical.org)
Tumors2
- One notable observation was that in the immune-humanized mouse model, mice receiving T cells would develop a lymphoproliferative disease after the tumors disappeared because the IL-2 signaling was constitutive, driving T cell proliferation. (taconic.com)
- Extra requirements included age group 18 years, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) efficiency status 2, life span of six months (estimation of Mouse monoclonal to KSHV ORF45 life span was in the discretion from the participating researchers), measurable disease relating to Response Evaluation Requirements In Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1. (bioinbrief.com)
Tebentafusp1
- On August 24, 2021, Immunocore Holdings plc issued a press release to announce the acceptance of a Biologics License Application for review by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and a Marketing Authorization Application for review by the European Medicine Agency, respectively, for tebentafusp for the treatment of patients with metastatic uveal melanoma. (immunocore.com)
Retinal4
- Prevalence of retinal scar lesion types in a case-control study of ocular signs in Ebola virus disease survivors, Sierra Leone, 2016. (cdc.gov)
- In vitro disease modeling of oculocutaneous albinism type 1 and 2 using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelium. (nih.gov)
- He specializes in medical retina, vitreo-retinal surgery, retinopathy of prematurity, uveal diseases and cataract surgery. (abstractsnet.com)
- Early manifestations of complete VKH disease include diffuse choroiditis, which may include serous retinal detachment or focal areas of subretinal fluid. (medscape.com)
Diagnosis2
- To help clarify the diagnostic features of VKH disease, the International Committee on Nomenclature established revised criteria for the diagnosis of VKH disease, published in 2001. (medscape.com)
- After diagnosis, the determination of sub type or which sub section is impacted by disease must be done. (drhuseyinacar.com)
Melanomas4
- Most uveal melanomas are initially completely asymptomatic. (cigna.com)
- Uveal melanoma is rarer than melanomas of the skin. (moffitt.org)
- Current immunotherapy drugs showing progress against skin melanomas are far less effective for metastatic uveal melanoma. (moffitt.org)
- Hazard Ratios for each factor were calculated to illuminate any risk factors that can predict the natural history of uveal melanomas. (nesurgical.org)
Incidence2
- The mean age-adjusted incidence of uveal melanoma in the United States is approximately 4.3 new cases per million people, with no clear variation by latitude. (cigna.com)
- Uveal melanoma is diagnosed mostly at older ages, with a progressively rising, age-specific incidence rate that peaks near age 70 years. (cigna.com)
Liver2
- The researchers believe this mutation could be a factor in determining why uveal melanoma so often metastasizes to the liver. (moffitt.org)
- Our work aims to understand why this happens in uveal melanoma and how these mutations cooperate allowing the uveal melanoma cells to colonize the liver," said Smalley. (moffitt.org)
Cataract1
- Given the chronic nature of disease and risk of treatment-related cataract and glaucoma development, long-term control often requires use of a noncorticosteroid immunosuppressive drug (eg, methotrexate , mycophenolate mofetil). (msdmanuals.com)
Iris3
- Iris melanoma is the least common type of uveal melanoma. (cancer.net)
- A case is presented of an intraocular T-cell lymphoma mimicking a ring melanoma of the iris and being the first manifestation of systemic disease. (nih.gov)
- Diseases, dysfunctions, or disorders of or located in the iris. (lookformedical.com)
Manifestations8
- Ocular therapy depends on the manifestations of the disease and may involve medical and surgical measures. (medscape.com)
- Ophthalmic manifestations and causes of vision impairment in Ebola virus disease survivors in Monrovia, Liberia. (cdc.gov)
- Despite differences in their patients, the manifestations appeared to represent a spectrum of disease, and several authors suggested that the disorder should be termed Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome (see the image below). (medscape.com)
- With such a wide spectrum of manifestations, typical cases of VKH disease are uncommon. (medscape.com)
- Complete VKH disease: Although involvement of all 3 systems is necessary for classification as complete disease, the neurologic and auditory manifestations often resolve before an ophthalmic examination. (medscape.com)
- Patients with complete VKH disease also must have evidence of neurologic and auditory manifestations, as well as integumentary signs. (medscape.com)
- Incomplete VKH disease: Patients with incomplete VKH disease have either neurologic and auditory manifestations or integumentary signs, but not both. (medscape.com)
- Although the pathogenesis of VKH disease is uncertain, the wide spectrum of findings in this disorder suggests a central mechanism to account for the multisystem manifestations. (medscape.com)
Selumetinib1
- A subgroup analysis from an earlier trial that included 20 patients with uveal melanoma suggested favorable results with selumetinib treatment, according to background information in the article. (news-medical.net)
Marburg1
- Uveal involvement in Marburg virus disease. (bmj.com)
Immunotherapy2
- Immunocore), a novel immunotherapy agent for the first-line treatment of uveal melanoma. (medscape.com)
- As a result, immunotherapy is a highly promising treatment for uveal melanoma due to the disease's heterogeneous nature. (emerginginvestigators.org)
Treatments1
- Effectiveness of treatments for metastatic uveal melanoma. (jamanetwork.com)
Involvement1
- Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease is a multisystem autoimmune inflammatory disorder with ocular, auditory, skin, and neurologic involvement. (medscape.com)
Adverse effects1
- temozolomide, orally daily for 5 of every 28 days, or dacarbazine, intravenously every 21 days) until disease progression, death, intolerable adverse effects, or withdrawal of consent. (news-medical.net)
Autoimmune2
- These histopathologic changes suggest an infectious or autoimmune basis for the disease. (medscape.com)
- The possibility that VKH disease has an autoimmune pathogenesis is supported by the statistically significant frequency of HLA-DR4, an antigen commonly associated with other autoimmune diseases. (medscape.com)
Anterior1
- As seen on Video 1, the uveal mass protrudes both into the anterior and posterior chambers. (efsumb.org)
Pathology1
- Uveal melanoma (UM), being the most common primary intraocular tumour in adults, is an important pathology that needs to be considered when undertaking ultrasound examination of the orbit. (efsumb.org)
Therapies1
- Moreover, we were also interested to study the use of CAR-T therapies in uveal melanoma in the immune-humanized mouse model, an uncommon type of melanoma arising in the eye. (taconic.com)