United States Department of Agriculture
United States Department of Homeland Security
United States Department of Defense
Pathology, Veterinary
Veterinary Medicine
Rabies Vaccines
Agriculture
Rabies
United States
Indiana
Washington
Oklahoma
Government Agencies
Montana
United States Department of Veterans Affairs
Hawaii
New York City
Disease Outbreaks
Emergency Service, Hospital
California
Meat
Crops, Agricultural
Accuracy of application of USDA beef quality and yield grades using the traditional system and the proposed seven-grade yield grade system. (1/209)
Beef carcasses (n = 5,542) were evaluated by three USDA on-line graders and compared with the computed expert USDA quality (QG) and yield grades (YG) during 8-h shifts at a major beef-processing facility for a 2-wk period to evaluate the accuracy of applying USDA QG and YG within the traditional five-grade and the proposed seven-grade (segregating YG 2 and 3 into YG 2A, 2B, 3A, and 3B) YG systems. Quality grade distribution of the carcasses was 1.1% Prime, 50.0% Choice, 43.8% Select, and 5.1% No-Roll. Accuracy of applying QG was not affected (P>.05) by changing from the five-grade (91.5%) to either the seven-grade system, when determining only QG (94.3%), or the seven-grade system, when determining QG and YG (95.0%). Calculated expert YG successfully segregated carcasses into their respective YG, but on-line graders could not differentiate between YG 4 and 5 in the seven-grade systems. The application of YG in the five-grade system was more accurate (P<.05) than either of the seven-grade systems. A trend existed for on-line graders to undergrade carcasses as the numerical YG increased. Total accuracy of applying YG decreased by 19.4 to 21.8% when switching from the five-grade to the seven-grade system. The segmentation of USDA YG 2 and 3 into YG 2A, 2B, 3A, and 3B resulted in a decrease in the ability of on-line graders to accurately apply the YG. (+info)Beef customer satisfaction: cooking method and degree of doneness effects on the top loin steak. (2/209)
The objective of this research was to evaluate the consumer-controlled factors of cooking method and degree of doneness on Top Choice, Low Choice, High Select, and Low Select top loin steaks. The in-home product test was conducted in Chicago, Houston, Philadelphia, and San Francisco. Consumers (n = 2,212) evaluated each top loin steak for overall like (OLIKE), tenderness (TEND), juiciness (JUIC), flavor desirability (DFLAV), and flavor intensity (IFLAV) using 23-point hedonic scales. Respondents in San Francisco and Philadelphia cooked their top loin steaks to lower degrees of doneness than those in Chicago and Houston. Outdoor grilling was the most common method of cookery for top loin steaks in all cities. Consumers had the highest preference for Top Choice steaks (P < .05) and the lowest preference for Low Select steaks (P < .05). Consumer OLIKE scores were the highest (P < .05) for steaks cooked to a medium rare or lesser degree of doneness. Consumers preferred (P < .05) medium and well done or more degrees of doneness over medium well. The interaction of city x cooking method was significant for all steak palatability attributes. The differences in consumer preparation techniques among cities present challenges for the beef industry to develop market-specific promotional campaigns. (+info)Beef customer satisfaction: cooking method and degree of doneness effects on the top sirloin steak. (3/209)
The objective of this research was to evaluate the consumer-controlled factors of cooking method and degree of doneness on Top Choice, Low Choice, High Select, and Low Select top sirloin steaks. The in-home product test was conducted in Chicago, Houston, Philadelphia, and San Francisco. Consumers (n = 2,212) evaluated each top sirloin steak for overall like (OLIKE), tenderness (TEND), juiciness (JUIC), flavor desirability (DFLAV), and flavor intensity (IFLAV) using 23-point hedonic scales. Top sirloin steaks, regardless of city, were consistently cooked to well done or higher degrees of doneness. Dry-heat methods such as outdoor grilling, broiling, and indoor grilling were the most frequent cooking methods used. Four significant interactions existed for OLIKE: USDA quality grade x cooking method (P = .02), city x cooking method (P = .0001), city x degree of doneness (P = .01), and cooking method x degree of doneness (P = .009). Greater differences were found between cooking methods within USDA quality grade than between USDA quality grades within cooking method. Consumers in Houston rated steaks cooked by outdoor grilling higher than those from the other cities, and steaks cooked by indoor grilling were rated the highest among all cooking methods by consumers in Chicago. In Chicago, steaks cooked to more advanced degrees of doneness tended to receive higher ratings, but few differences between degrees of doneness in the other three cities were detected. For outdoor grilling, broiling, and pan-frying, the trend was for OLIKE ratings to decline as degree of doneness increased. The lowest customer satisfaction ratings tended to be given to top sirloin steaks cooked to more advanced degrees of doneness, and consumers most frequently cooked steaks to at least the well done stage. Consumer information programs or the development of postmortem techniques that would ensure acceptable palatability of top sirloin steaks may need to be developed. (+info)Beef customer satisfaction: cooking method and degree of doneness effects on the top round steak. (4/209)
The objective of this research was to evaluate the consumer-controlled factors of cooking method and degree of doneness on Top Choice, Low Choice, High Select, and Low Select top round steaks. The in-home product test was conducted in Chicago, Houston, Philadelphia, and San Francisco. Consumers (n = 2,212) evaluated each top round steak for overall like (OLIKE), tenderness (TEND), juiciness (JUIC), flavor desirability (DFLAV), and flavor intensity (IFLAV) using 23-point hedonic scales. Stir-frying, braising, and simmering and stewing consistently produced higher consumer attribute ratings. There were clear OLIKE rating differences (P = .0001) for top round steaks among the four cities. The highest ratings were given by consumers in Houston, and the lowest ratings were given by consumers in Philadelphia (P < .05). There were two interactions for OLIKE: USDA quality grade x degree of doneness (P = .002) and degree of doneness x cooking method (P = .02). Higher ratings generally were given to steaks cooked to medium rare or less or to very well degrees of doneness. Stir-frying, braising, and simmering and stewing were preferred at lower degrees of doneness. Customer satisfaction with the top round steak is very dependent on how it is cooked and by whom it is consumed. (+info)Tenderness classification of beef: IV. Effect of USDA quality grade on the palatability of "tender" beef longissimus when cooked well done. (5/209)
The objective of this experiment was to determine the impact of USDA quality grade on the palatability of "tender" longissimus when cooked well done. Warner-Bratzler shear force was determined on longissimus thoracis steaks aged 3 or 14 d postmortem (cooked to 70 degrees C) from carcasses of 692 steers and heifers. Steaks from 31 carcasses with Modest or Moderate marbling scores (Top Choice) and steaks from 31 carcasses with Slight00 to Slight40 marbling scores (Low Select) were selected for this experiment from carcasses identified as "tender" (shear force < 5.0 kg at 3 d postmortem). Longissimus thoracis steaks with 3 or 14 d of postmortem aging were cooked to 80 degrees C and evaluated by a trained sensory descriptive attribute panel. Top Choice steaks had higher (P < .05) juiciness (5.8 vs 5.3) and beef flavor intensity ratings (4.9 vs 4.6) than Low Select steaks. Aging of steaks for 14, rather than 3, d postmortem improved (P < .05) beef flavor intensity rating (4.8 vs 4.7) but not (P > .05) juiciness rating (5.6 vs 5.5). The interaction (P < .05) of quality grade and aging time for tenderness rating indicated that Top Choice steaks were more tender (P < .05) with 3 d of aging than steaks from Low Select carcasses (6.3 vs 5.8), but steaks from Top Choice and Low Select carcasses had similar (P > .05) tenderness ratings after 14 d of aging (7.0 and 6.8). Compared to palatability of steaks from Low Select carcasses, the palatability of steaks from Top Choice carcasses was less affected by elevated degree of doneness in "tender" longissimus thoracis, especially when steaks were aged for only 3 d. Although differences in sensory traits between Top Choice and Low Select steaks were small, the consumers who cook beef well done may benefit from implementation of tenderness classification in conjunction with USDA quality grade. (+info)Dual-component video image analysis system (VIASCAN) as a predictor of beef carcass red meat yield percentage and for augmenting application of USDA yield grades. (6/209)
An improved ability to quantify differences in the fabrication yields of beef carcasses would facilitate the application of value-based marketing. This study was conducted to evaluate the ability of the Dual-Component Australian VIASCAN to 1) predict fabricated beef subprimal yields as a percentage of carcass weight at each of three fat-trim levels and 2) augment USDA yield grading, thereby improving accuracy of grade placement. Steer and heifer carcasses (n = 240) were evaluated using VIASCAN, as well as by USDA expert and online graders, before fabrication of carcasses to each of three fat-trim levels. Expert yield grade (YG), online YG, VIASCAN estimates, and VIASCAN estimated ribeye area used to augment actual and expert grader estimates of the remaining YG factors (adjusted fat thickness, percentage of kidney-pelvic-heart fat, and hot carcass weight), respectively, 1) accounted for 51, 37, 46, and 55% of the variation in fabricated yields of commodity-trimmed subprimals, 2) accounted for 74, 54, 66, and 75% of the variation in fabricated yields of closely trimmed subprimals, and 3) accounted for 74, 54, 71, and 75% of the variation in fabricated yields of very closely trimmed subprimals. The VIASCAN system predicted fabrication yields more accurately than current online yield grading and, when certain VIASCAN-measured traits were combined with some USDA yield grade factors in an augmentation system, the accuracy of cutability prediction was improved, at packing plant line speeds, to a level matching that of expert graders applying grades at a comfortable rate. (+info)Food irradiation: a public health opportunity. (7/209)
Public health scientists have had an interest in food irradiation for a hundred years and more. The first investigations occurred within a few years of the discovery of x-ray and short wavelength by the German physicist Roentgen, in 1895. German and French scientists carried on studies on pasteurization of food by radiation until 1914 and the war years. The problem was an unacceptable taste following irradiation. In 1921, the x-ray was reported by the scientists of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) to be effective in killing Trichinella cysts in pork and that it could kill disease-causing organisms and halt food spoilage. (+info)Using live estimates and ultrasound measurements to predict beef carcass cutability. (8/209)
Commercial slaughter steers (n = 329) and heifers (n = 335) were selected to vary in frame size, muscle score, and carcass fat thickness to study the effectiveness of live evaluation and ultrasound as predictors of carcass composition. Three trained personnel evaluated cattle for frame size, muscle score, fat thickness, longissimus muscle area, and USDA quality and yield grade. Live and carcass real-time ultrasound measures for 12th-rib fat thickness and longissimus muscle area were taken on a subset of the cattle. At the time of slaughter, carcass ultrasound measures were taken at "chain speed." After USDA grade data were collected, one side of each carcass was fabricated into boneless primals/subprimals and trimmed to .64 cm of external fat. Simple correlation coefficients showed a moderately high positive relationship between 12th rib fat thickness and fat thickness measures obtained from live estimates (r = .70), live ultrasound (r = .81), and carcass ultrasound (r = .73). The association between estimates of longissimus muscle area and carcass longissimus muscle area were significant (P < .001) and were higher for live evaluation (r = .71) than for the ultrasonic measures (live ultrasound, r = .61; carcass ultrasound, r = .55). Three-variable regression equations, developed from the live ultrasound measures, explained 57% of the variation in percentage yield of boneless subprimals, followed by live estimates (R2 = .49) and carcass ultrasound (R2 = .31). Four-variable equations using frame size, muscle score, and selected fat thickness and weight measures explained from 43% to 66% of the variation for the percentage yield of boneless subprimals trimmed to .64 cm. Live ultrasound and(or) live estimates are viable options for assessing carcass composition before slaughter. (+info)The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) is not a medical organization or entity, so it does not provide medical definitions. However, I can give you some information about what the USDA is and what it does.
The USDA is a federal executive department of the U.S. government responsible for developing and executing federal laws related to farming, forestry, and food. It was established in 1862 by President Abraham Lincoln and is headed by the Secretary of Agriculture, who is a member of the President's cabinet.
The USDA has several key missions, including:
* Promoting agricultural trade and production
* Ensuring the safety of the food supply
* Providing nutrition assistance to vulnerable populations
* Protecting natural resources and the environment
* Promoting rural development and economic stability
In terms of food and nutrition, the USDA plays an important role in setting dietary guidelines for Americans, establishing standards for school meals and other federal food programs, and regulating the safety of meat, poultry, and egg products. The agency also conducts research on agricultural and food-related topics and provides education and outreach to farmers, ranchers, and consumers.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but the 'United States Department of Homeland Security' (DHS) is not a medical term or concept. It's a cabinet department of the U.S. federal government, created in response to the September 11 attacks, with the primary responsibilities of protecting the United States from terrorism and managing border control. The DHS includes several components, including the U.S. Coast Guard, Transportation Security Administration (TSA), Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), Customs and Border Protection (CBP), and Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), among others.
If you have any medical questions or terms you would like defined, I'd be happy to help!
The United States Department of Defense (DoD) is not a medical term or organization, but rather it is the federal department responsible for coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government directly related to national security and the United States Armed Forces. The Secretary of Defense is the head of the department and serves as a member of the President's cabinet.
The Department of Defense includes three main military branches: the Army, Navy, and Air Force, as well as several other organizations such as the National Security Agency (NSA), the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA), and the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA). The DoD also operates a number of medical facilities and research institutions, including military hospitals and the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences. However, it is not primarily a medical organization or institution.
Veterinary pathology is a branch of veterinary medicine that deals with the diagnosis and investigation of diseases in animals through the examination of animal tissue, bodily fluids, and other specimens. It involves the study of causes, mechanisms, and effects of disease processes in animals, which can help to understand the nature of diseases and develop effective treatments and preventive measures.
Veterinary pathologists use various techniques such as histopathology (examination of tissue sections under a microscope), clinical pathology (analysis of blood, urine, and other bodily fluids), and necropsy (post-mortem examination) to diagnose diseases and identify any abnormalities in animals. They also conduct research on animal diseases, develop new diagnostic tests and techniques, and provide guidance to veterinarians and other animal health professionals on disease diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
Veterinary pathology is an essential field that contributes to the advancement of animal health and welfare, food safety, and public health. It plays a critical role in identifying and controlling zoonotic diseases (diseases transmissible from animals to humans) and ensuring the safety of the food supply chain.
Veterinary medicine is the branch of medical science that deals with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases, disorders, and injuries in non-human animals. The profession of veterinary medicine is dedicated to the care, health, and welfare of animals, as well as to the promotion of human health through animal research and public health advancements. Veterinarians employ a variety of diagnostic methods including clinical examination, radiography, laboratory testing, and ultrasound imaging. They use a range of treatments, including medication, surgery, and dietary management. In addition, veterinarians may also advise on preventative healthcare measures such as vaccination schedules and parasite control programs.
Rabies vaccines are medical products that contain antigens of the rabies virus, which stimulate an immune response in individuals who receive them. The purpose of rabies vaccines is to prevent the development of rabies, a viral disease that is almost always fatal once symptoms appear.
There are two primary types of rabies vaccines available:
1. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) vaccines: These vaccines are given to individuals who are at high risk of coming into contact with the rabies virus, such as veterinarians, animal handlers, and travelers visiting areas where rabies is common. The vaccine series typically consists of three doses given over a period of 28 days.
2. Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) vaccines: These vaccines are administered to individuals who have already been exposed to the rabies virus, usually through a bite or scratch from an infected animal. The vaccine series typically consists of four doses given over a period of 14 days, along with a dose of rabies immune globulin (RIG) to provide immediate protection while the immune system responds to the vaccine.
Both types of rabies vaccines are highly effective at preventing the disease, but it is essential to receive them as soon as possible after exposure or before potential exposure, as the virus can be fatal if left untreated.
I apologize for any confusion, but "agriculture" is not a term that has a medical definition. Agriculture refers to the cultivation and breeding of animals, plants, and fungi for food, fiber, biofuel, medicinal plants, and other products used to sustain and enhance human life. It is an important industry and practice that has been developed over thousands of years and continues to play a critical role in global food production and security.
Rabies is a viral zoonotic disease that is typically transmitted through the saliva of infected animals, usually by a bite or scratch. The virus infects the central nervous system, causing encephalopathy and ultimately leading to death in both humans and animals if not treated promptly and effectively.
The rabies virus belongs to the Rhabdoviridae family, with a negative-sense single-stranded RNA genome. It is relatively fragile and cannot survive for long outside of its host, but it can be transmitted through contact with infected tissue or nerve cells.
Initial symptoms of rabies in humans may include fever, headache, and general weakness or discomfort. As the disease progresses, more specific symptoms appear, such as insomnia, anxiety, confusion, partial paralysis, excitation, hallucinations, agitation, hypersalivation (excessive saliva production), difficulty swallowing, and hydrophobia (fear of water).
Once clinical signs of rabies appear, the disease is almost always fatal. However, prompt post-exposure prophylaxis with rabies vaccine and immunoglobulin can prevent the onset of the disease if administered promptly after exposure. Preventive vaccination is also recommended for individuals at high risk of exposure to the virus, such as veterinarians, animal handlers, and travelers to areas where rabies is endemic.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "United States" is a geopolitical entity, specifically the name of the country consisting of 50 states, and it is not a medical term or concept. Therefore, I can't provide a medical definition for it. If you have any questions related to health, medicine, or biology, I would be happy to try to help answer those!
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "New York" is not a medical term or concept. New York refers to a state in the United States, as well as its largest city. If you have any questions about medical terminology or concepts, I would be happy to help with those!
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Indiana" is not a medical term or concept. It is a state located in the Midwestern United States. If you have any questions about medical terminology or concepts, I would be happy to help!
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Washington" is not a medical term. It is a place name, referring to the U.S. state of Washington or the city of Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States. If you have any questions about medical terms or concepts, I would be happy to help answer those for you!
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Oklahoma" is not a medical term or condition. It is a state in the south central region of the United States. If you have any questions about medical terminology or health-related topics, I would be happy to try and help answer them!
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Government Agencies" is a very broad term and does not have a specific medical definition. Government agencies are administrative bodies of a government that carry out certain legislated functions, and these can cover a wide range of areas, including public health, environmental protection, workplace safety, and many others.
However, if you're interested in learning about government agencies that deal with health-related matters, here are a few examples:
1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): A federal agency in the United States that conducts and supports public health activities to decrease preventable diseases, injuries, and disabilities.
2. National Institutes of Health (NIH): A US government agency responsible for biomedical and health-related research. It comprises 27 institutes and centers focusing on various disease areas and other health issues.
3. Food and Drug Administration (FDA): A US government agency that oversees the safety of food, dietary supplements, medications, vaccines, cosmetics, medical devices, and radiation-emitting products.
4. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): A US government agency responsible for protecting human health and the environment by enforcing regulations related to air and water quality, hazardous waste disposal, pesticides, and other environmental concerns.
5. World Health Organization (WHO): An international organization that coordinates global health initiatives, sets international health standards, and provides technical assistance to member countries in addressing various health issues.
These are just a few examples of government agencies that deal with health-related matters. If you have a specific agency or area of interest, I'd be happy to help provide more information!
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Montana" is not a medical term or condition. It is the name of a state in the United States, located in the northwestern region of the country. If you have any questions about medical terminology or health-related topics, I would be happy to help with those instead.
The United States Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) is not a medical term per se, but it is a government agency that provides medical care and benefits to veterans of the US armed forces. Here's the official definition from the VA's website:
"The US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) is an independent federal establishment charged with providing federal benefits, services, and healthcare to eligible United States veterans, their dependents, and certain other specified individuals."
The VA operates a vast network of medical centers, clinics, and benefits offices throughout the country, providing a range of services including medical treatment, long-term care, disability compensation, vocational rehabilitation, education assistance, home loan guarantees, and life insurance.
Public Health Administration refers to the leadership, management, and coordination of public health services and initiatives at the local, state, or national level. It involves overseeing and managing the development, implementation, and evaluation of policies, programs, and services aimed at improving the health and well-being of populations. This may include addressing issues such as infectious disease control, chronic disease prevention, environmental health, emergency preparedness and response, and health promotion and education.
Public Health Administration requires a strong understanding of public health principles, leadership and management skills, and the ability to work collaboratively with a variety of stakeholders, including community members, healthcare providers, policymakers, and other organizations. The ultimate goal of Public Health Administration is to ensure that public health resources are used effectively and efficiently to improve the health outcomes of populations and reduce health disparities.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Hawaii" is not a medical term. It is the 50th and most recent state to have joined the United States, located in the Central Pacific. If you have any questions about medical terms or concepts, I would be happy to help answer those!
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "New York City" is not a medical term or concept. It's a city located in the state of New York, United States. If you have any questions about medical terminology or concepts, I'd be happy to help with those!
A disease outbreak is defined as the occurrence of cases of a disease in excess of what would normally be expected in a given time and place. It may affect a small and localized group or a large number of people spread over a wide area, even internationally. An outbreak may be caused by a new agent, a change in the agent's virulence or host susceptibility, or an increase in the size or density of the host population.
Outbreaks can have significant public health and economic impacts, and require prompt investigation and control measures to prevent further spread of the disease. The investigation typically involves identifying the source of the outbreak, determining the mode of transmission, and implementing measures to interrupt the chain of infection. This may include vaccination, isolation or quarantine, and education of the public about the risks and prevention strategies.
Examples of disease outbreaks include foodborne illnesses linked to contaminated food or water, respiratory infections spread through coughing and sneezing, and mosquito-borne diseases such as Zika virus and West Nile virus. Outbreaks can also occur in healthcare settings, such as hospitals and nursing homes, where vulnerable populations may be at increased risk of infection.
An emergency service in a hospital is a department that provides immediate medical or surgical care for individuals who are experiencing an acute illness, injury, or severe symptoms that require immediate attention. The goal of an emergency service is to quickly assess, stabilize, and treat patients who require urgent medical intervention, with the aim of preventing further harm or death.
Emergency services in hospitals typically operate 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, and are staffed by teams of healthcare professionals including physicians, nurses, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, and other allied health professionals. These teams are trained to provide rapid evaluation and treatment for a wide range of medical conditions, from minor injuries to life-threatening emergencies such as heart attacks, strokes, and severe infections.
In addition to providing emergency care, hospital emergency services also serve as a key point of entry for patients who require further hospitalization or specialized care. They work closely with other departments within the hospital, such as radiology, laboratory, and critical care units, to ensure that patients receive timely and appropriate treatment. Overall, the emergency service in a hospital plays a crucial role in ensuring that patients receive prompt and effective medical care during times of crisis.
"California" is a geographical location and does not have a medical definition. It is a state located on the west coast of the United States, known for its diverse landscape including mountains, beaches, and forests. However, in some contexts, "California" may refer to certain medical conditions or situations that are associated with the state, such as:
* California encephalitis: a viral infection transmitted by mosquitoes that is common in California and other western states.
* California king snake: a non-venomous snake species found in California and other parts of the southwestern United States, which can bite and cause allergic reactions in some people.
* California roll: a type of sushi roll that originated in California and is made with avocado, cucumber, and crab meat, which may pose an allergy risk for some individuals.
It's important to note that these uses of "California" are not medical definitions per se, but rather descriptive terms that refer to specific conditions or situations associated with the state.
In a medical context, "meat" generally refers to the flesh of animals that is consumed as food. This includes muscle tissue, as well as fat and other tissues that are often found in meat products. However, it's worth noting that some people may have dietary restrictions or medical conditions that prevent them from consuming meat, so it's always important to consider individual preferences and needs when discussing food options.
It's also worth noting that the consumption of meat can have both positive and negative health effects. On the one hand, meat is a good source of protein, iron, vitamin B12, and other essential nutrients. On the other hand, consuming large amounts of red and processed meats has been linked to an increased risk of heart disease, stroke, and certain types of cancer. Therefore, it's generally recommended to consume meat in moderation as part of a balanced diet.
Agricultural crops refer to plants that are grown and harvested for the purpose of human or animal consumption, fiber production, or other uses such as biofuels. These crops can include grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, and legumes, among others. They are typically cultivated using various farming practices, including traditional row cropping, companion planting, permaculture, and organic farming methods. The choice of crop and farming method depends on factors such as the local climate, soil conditions, and market demand. Proper management of agricultural crops is essential for ensuring food security, promoting sustainable agriculture, and protecting the environment.
Medical Definition:
"Risk factors" are any attribute, characteristic or exposure of an individual that increases the likelihood of developing a disease or injury. They can be divided into modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Modifiable risk factors are those that can be changed through lifestyle choices or medical treatment, while non-modifiable risk factors are inherent traits such as age, gender, or genetic predisposition. Examples of modifiable risk factors include smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, and unhealthy diet, while non-modifiable risk factors include age, sex, and family history. It is important to note that having a risk factor does not guarantee that a person will develop the disease, but rather indicates an increased susceptibility.
United States Department of Agriculture
United States Department of Agriculture Building
United States Department of Agriculture South Building
List of Department of Agriculture appointments by Donald Trump
James Wilson (Secretary of Agriculture)
List of Department of Agriculture appointments by Joe Biden
Agriculture in Finland
National Agriculture Imagery Program
Under Secretary of Agriculture for Food Safety
Climate change and agriculture in the United States
Agriculture
Agriculture in California
National Association for Sustainable Agriculture Australia
United States Secretary of Agriculture
African-American history of agriculture in the United States
Agriculture in Massachusetts
Under Secretary of Agriculture for Trade and Foreign Agricultural Affairs
Community-supported agriculture
List of ambassadors of the United States to the United Nations Agencies for Food and Agriculture
Glossary of agriculture
Agriculture in India
Agriculture in the Classroom
Japan Agriculture and Forestry Ministry Workers' Unions
Myroxylon balsamum
1989 California medfly attack
Kansas
Economy of Uganda
Sustainable agriculture
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Leptohoplia
Information and communications technology in agriculture
20223
- A person has tested positive for avian influenza A(H5) virus (H5 bird flu) in the U.S., as confirmed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and reported by the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment on April 28, 2022. (cdc.gov)
- During January 13, 2022, through April 27, 2022, USDA APHIS reported more than 899 detections of wild birds infected with HPAI A(H5N1) virus in 33 states [1]. (cdc.gov)
- A second respiratory specimen from the same patient was collected on April 26, 2022, and tested negative for influenza viruses on April 27, 2022, by the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment Laboratory Services. (cdc.gov)
Sonny Perdue1
- USDA is committed to encouraging the development of new technologies and practices to ensure that U.S. agriculture is socially, environmentally, and economically sustainable for years to come," said U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Sonny Perdue . (usda.gov)
Secretary6
- It is headed by the secretary of agriculture, who reports directly to the president of the United States and is a member of the president's Cabinet. (wikipedia.org)
- The United States secretary of agriculture is the head of the United States Department of Agriculture . (wikipedia.org)
- Since February 24, 2021, the current secretary is Tom Vilsack , who had previously served as the 30th secretary of agriculture in the Obama administration . (wikipedia.org)
- The position of secretary of agriculture was created when the department was elevated to Cabinet status in 1889. (wikipedia.org)
- Did the 8th Circuit err in holding that the 1985 Beef Promotion & Research Act, and regulations promulgated there under which impose assessments on beef producers and importers to fund research, education, and promotional activities carried out by special administrative bodies created by Congress for the express purpose of furthering important governmental objectives under direct supervision of Secretary of Agriculture are unconstitutional and unenforceable? (thefire.org)
- Whether the U.S. Secretary of Agriculture may constitutionally require handlers of California peaches, nectarines, and plums to fund generic advertising of those fruits. (thefire.org)
14001
- ADDRESSES: Interested persons are invited to submit written comments to the Standardization Section, Fresh Products Branch, Fruit and Vegetable Programs, Agricultural Marketing Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1400 Independence Ave. SW. (justia.com)
NIFA1
- This website is managed by National Center for Agricultural Literacy at Utah State University (2023) and supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), under Agreement No. 2013-38858-21212 and the National Agriculture in the Classroom Organization. (agclassroom.org)
20211
- In 2021 to best serve state departments of agriculture, NASDA has identified food systems and food safety , infrastructure and capacity , climate resiliency , international trade and workforce development as policy priorities to pursue. (nasda.org)
Forest Service3
- The United States Forest Service is the largest agency within the department, which administers national forests and national grasslands that together comprise about 25% of federal lands. (wikipedia.org)
- The 297,000 mi 2 (770,000 km 2 ) of national forests and grasslands are managed by the United States Forest Service . (wikipedia.org)
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). (usda.gov)
Usda.gov1
- The United States Standards for Grades of Snap Beans is available either through the address cited above or by accessing the Fresh Products Branch Web site at https://www.ams.usda.gov/standards/ stanfrfv.htm. (justia.com)
Pests3
- The keys provide screening and identification support to cultivated palm pests known to occur, as of 2010, in the United States (continental U.S. and Hawaii) and Caribbean Islands. (apple.com)
- Also included are pests of immediate concern to cultivated palms in the United States and Caribbean essentially those species that will likely move to this region in the very near future. (apple.com)
- In 2011, APHIS established a new category of plants for planting whose importation is not authorized pending pest risk analysis in order to prevent the introduction of quarantine pests into the United States. (usda.gov)
Agricultural15
- It aims to meet the needs of commercial farming and livestock food production, promotes agricultural trade and production, works to assure food safety, protects natural resources, fosters rural communities and works to end hunger in the United States and internationally. (wikipedia.org)
- Ellsworth's interest in aiding agriculture was evident in his annual reports that called for a public depository to preserve and distribute the various new seeds and plants, a clerk to collect agricultural statistics, the preparation of statewide reports about crops in different regions, and the application of chemistry to agriculture. (wikipedia.org)
- Jeswiet) was selected and evaluated by scientists at the USDA‐ARS, working cooperatively with the Louisiana State University Agricultural Center and the American Sugar Cane League. (researchgate.net)
- was evaluated and selected by scientists at the USDA‐ARS, working cooperatively with the Louisiana State University Agricultural Center and the American Sugar Cane League, Inc. It was released to growers in Louisiana in 2012. (researchgate.net)
- 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 3410-02-P DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Agricultural Marketing Service [Docket Number FV-05-302] United States Standards for Grades of Snap Beans Agricultural Marketing Service, USDA. (justia.com)
- AGENCY: SUMMARY: The Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS), prior to undertaking research and other work associated with revising official grade standards, is soliciting comments on the possible revisions to the United States Standards for Grades of Snap Beans. (justia.com)
- The intended audience for these keys is non-experts working in the field within Cooperative Agriculture Pest Survey (CAPS), National Plant Diagnostic Network (NPDN), and other national, regional, and state agricultural agencies/organizations with responsibilities associated with pest and disease survey and detection. (apple.com)
- The New Jersey Agricultural Society's mission is to preserve and enhance agriculture, farming and related activities and businesses in New Jersey through educational, informational, and promotional programs. (njfb.org)
- Sussex County Board of Agriculture is the local source for information relating to all things agricultural. (njfb.org)
- Agricultural machinery refers to the number of wheel and crawler tractors (excluding garden tractors) in use in agriculture at the end of the calendar year specified or during the first quarter of the following year. (nationmaster.com)
- In other cases, a history of agriculture results in the establishment of vegetation that differs from pre-agricultural vegetation (Motzkin et al. (springer.com)
- Control Union verifies that products have been cultivated according to sustainable production methods by means of supervising, testing, inspecting, assessing and finally certifying them as per the regulations EEC 834/2007, NOP of USDA (National Organic Programme of United States Department of Agriculture) and JAS (Japanese Agricultural Standard). (organicindia.com)
- The USDA's Farm Service Agency implements agricultural policy, administers credit and loan programs, and manages conservation, commodity, disaster, and farm marketing programs in each U.S. State. (whitehouse.gov)
- WASHINGTON (August 26, 2020) - Today, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) announced the Next Gen Fertilizer Challenges, a joint EPA-USDA partnership and competition to advance agricultural sustainability in the United States. (usda.gov)
- The United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, and the Florida Agricultural Experiment Station announce the release of carrot breeding population B951-1 designed to provide breeders with a source from which high quality, disease resistant inbreds can be extracted. (usda.gov)
Agriculture's3
- Thank you for the opportunity to comment on the United States Department of Agriculture's proposed change to the existing Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) time-limit waiver rule. (policymattersohio.org)
- WASHINGTON, April 22 2013--The U.S. Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) is advising the public of two final rules and two proposals (one notice and one proposed rule) for comment. (usda.gov)
- Starting in January, the U.S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) detected highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) virus in wild birds in the United States followed by multiple detections in U.S. commercial poultry and backyard bird flocks [1,2]. (cdc.gov)
Organization2
- A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. (usda.gov)
- The New Jersey Christmas Tree Growers' Association (NJCTGA) is a State organization of growers, professionals and allied industry leaders dedicated to the advancement of the latest information in the production, promotion and marketing of Christmas trees and related products. (njfb.org)
Secretaries2
- The following is a list of secretaries of agriculture, since the creation of the office in 1889. (wikipedia.org)
- NASDA is a nonpartisan, nonprofit association which represents the elected and appointed commissioners, secretaries, and directors of the departments of agriculture in all fifty states and four U.S. territories. (nasda.org)
Commissioner3
- In 1837, Henry Leavitt Ellsworth became Commissioner of Patents in the Department of State. (wikipedia.org)
- On May 15, 1862, Abraham Lincoln established the independent Department of Agriculture through the Morrill Act to be headed by a commissioner without Cabinet status. (wikipedia.org)
- When the Department of Agriculture was established in 1862, its executive was a non-Cabinet position called the commissioner of agriculture. (wikipedia.org)
Census of Agriculture3
- The Census Data Query Tool (CDQT) is a web based tool that is available to access and download table level data from the Census of Agriculture Volume 1 publication. (usda.gov)
- The Census of Agriculture provides the most detailed and comprehensive data about on agriculture in Guam, the Virgin Islands, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana Islands (collectively referred to the outlying areas). (usda.gov)
- The Census of Agriculture is a complete count of U.S. farms and ranches and the people who operate them. (usda.gov)
20181
- We included infections that had illness and death in the United States: an estimated 1 fully serotyped Salmonella isolates that occurred from million cases, 20,000 hospitalizations, and 400 deaths 1998 through 2018 and excluded isolates confi rmed to occur annually ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
Organizations2
- The department includes several organizations. (wikipedia.org)
- We represent Sussex County on the broader stage to organizations and State agencies. (njfb.org)
Rural development1
- He actively served on the Board of Directors of United States Livestock Genetics Export Inc, Wyoming Rural Development Council, University of Wyoming-College of Agriculture Advisory Committee, and Governor Jim Geringer's Sub-Cabinets on Natural Resources and Economic Development. (whitehouse.gov)
FOODS1
- cause illness related to the Thanksgiving holiday in the United States and to foods disproportionately eaten then (e.g., turkey). (cdc.gov)
Agribusiness3
- Lincoln called it the "people's department", owing to the fact that over half of the nation at the time was directly or indirectly involved in agriculture or agribusiness. (wikipedia.org)
- William "Bill" Bunce brings decades of agriculture production and agribusiness experience to USDA's Farm Service Agency, having managed multiple large-scale Wyoming ranches, including livestock, sheep, and cattle feedlot operations. (whitehouse.gov)
- Bunce has served the State of Wyoming as Marketing Director of the Wyoming Department of Agriculture and as one of the foundational staff directors of the Wyoming Business Council serving in dual roles as Wyoming's Director of International Business and Agribusiness for 7 years. (whitehouse.gov)
Offices2
- Located on the National Mall between 12th Street and 14th SW, the department had offices for its staff and the entire width of the Mall up to B Street NW to plant and experiment with plants. (wikipedia.org)
- State Directors lead offices that offer grants, loans, and loan guarantees to help create jobs and support economic development and essential services. (whitehouse.gov)
Species1
- T monella species in the United States through passive hanksgiving, celebrated annually in the United surveillance of laboratory-confi rmed isolates. (cdc.gov)
Agencies2
- USDA is a member of the United States Interagency Council on Homelessness, where it is committed to working with other agencies to ensure these mainstream benefits have been accessed by those experiencing homelessness. (wikipedia.org)
- In the assisted procedure, public administration agencies coordinate, assist, and supervise the entire administrative process for investment approval and makes state-owned property needed for the investment available to the investor. (state.gov)
Labor2
- SAR authorities stated they encouraged aggrieved workers to file complaints and make use of government conciliation services as well as actively pursued reports of any labor violations. (state.gov)
- The Labor Department effectively enforced these laws and regularly inspected workplaces to enforce compliance with the regulations. (state.gov)
Internationally2
- We are ready to work with the Biden Administration to advance agriculture domestically and internationally, while ensuring America recovers from the COVID-19 pandemic. (nasda.org)
- Providing the means to evaluate certification programmes for organic agriculture & products as per internationally approved criteria. (organicindia.com)
Farms1
- The following sectors are defined as strategic sectors: mining and energy, transport, electronic communication infrastructure, urban waste industry, tourism, agriculture (large farms) and fishing, economic zones, and development priority areas. (state.gov)
Puerto Rico1
- In 2013, across 26 states, DC, and Puerto Rico, the proportion of respondents who reported both taking action and receiving advice to reduce sodium intake varied, with generally higher proportions in states in the Southern U.S. Census Region, Missouri, some states in the Northeastern U.S. Census Region, and Puerto Rico. (cdc.gov)
Regulations4
- The United States Standards for Grades of Fruits and Vegetables not connected with Federal Marketing Orders or U.S. Import Requirements, no longer appear in the Code of Federal Regulations, but are maintained by USDA/AMS/Fruit and Vegetable Programs. (justia.com)
- AMS is proposing to revise the voluntary United States Standards for Grades of Snap Beans using procedures that appear in Part 36 Title 7 of the Code of Federal Regulations (7 CFR Part 36). (justia.com)
- The USDA organic certification verifies that all United States Department of Agriculture regulations, requirements and specifications are adhered to. (organicindia.com)
- Available information on international, national, and state regulations and standards of pyrethrins and pyrethroids is presented in Table 8-1. (cdc.gov)
Health1
- However, fire ants are becoming an increasingly important public health concern in the United States. (medscape.com)
Innovations1
- The second challenge, the Next Gen Fertilizer Innovations Challenge, aims to generate new concepts for novel technologies that can help address environmental concerns surrounding agriculture practices while maintaining or increasing crop yields. (usda.gov)
Practices2
- The developer, United States Department of Agriculture-APHIS , has not provided details about its privacy practices and handling of data to Apple. (apple.com)
- The Court concluded that extending the class-of-one theory to the public-employment context would lead to undue judicial interference in state employment practices and invalidate public at-will employment. (justia.com)
Prohibits1
- Whether a California state law that prohibits the release of arrestees' personal addresses if used for commercial purposes, but allows the release of such information for other purposes, violates the First Amendment. (thefire.org)
Washington3
- In 1868, the department moved into the new Department of Agriculture Building in Washington, designed by famed D.C. architect Adolf Cluss. (wikipedia.org)
- WASHINGTON, D.C. - The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) may be giving hemp farmers the gift of great news just before Christmas. (cbdtoday.com)
- WASHINGTON, D.C. - The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) has extended the comment period for its interim final rules regarding the U.S. Domestic. (cbdtoday.com)
Concern1
- This differential treatment raised a concern of arbitrary classification, and therefore required that the State provide a rational basis for it. (justia.com)
Organic2
- Information about the Northeast Organic Farming Association of New Jersey (NOFA-NJ) is dedicated to supporting organic food and agriculture in New Jersey through education, technical assistance, and policy action. (njfb.org)
- It is one of the most comprehensive and demanding certification systems to ensure absolute commitment to Organic Certification qualifications as established by the United States Department of Agriculture. (organicindia.com)
Food8
- The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) is the federal executive department responsible for developing and executing federal laws related to farming, forestry, rural economic development, and food. (wikipedia.org)
- [2] The safety of food produced and sold in the United States is ensured by the United States Food Safety and Inspection Service . (wikipedia.org)
- [3] The Food Stamp Program works with the states to provide food to low-income people. (wikipedia.org)
- Cultivable land (in hectares) includes land defined by the Food and Agriculture Organisation as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. (nationmaster.com)
- For that reason, we oppose restricting state ability to provide food aid to unemployed and underemployed childless adults living in distressed areas with limited job opportunities. (policymattersohio.org)
- The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) should not make it harder for low-income people to access food. (policymattersohio.org)
- FSIS relies on independent validation by certified entities to ensure that methods used for official sampling programs, such as state or foreign inspection systems, have appropriate specificity, exclusivity, and sensitivity to be able to detect low levels of potentially injured bacteria that may be present in food samples. (usda.gov)
- It has been used in the United States since it was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1993, but its use is not permitted in the European Union, Canada, and some other countries. (cancer.org)
Research4
- Scope and Content Note This series contains the records of the Director of the Textile Research Department, Thomas D. Efland. (clemson.edu)
- Agriculture -- Research -- South Carolina. (clemson.edu)
- Cotton -- Research -- United States. (clemson.edu)
- Guest post by Amanda K. Rinehart, MS, MLIS, Life Sciences Librarian and Associate Professor for the Department of Research and Education, University Libraries, at the Ohio State University. (nih.gov)
Programs4
- This study describes six U.S. Department of Agriculture programs that accelerate the development and use of automation or mechanization in the production or processing of specialty crops. (usda.gov)
- For states that implemented the module, these results can serve as a baseline to monitor the effects of programs designed to reduce sodium intake. (cdc.gov)
- The NOLs were intended to provide domestic establishments with supporting documentation regarding the reliability of verification testing results and were not intended to replace validations conducted by third-party independent certification entities (such as AOAC, AFNOR, MicroVal, or NordVal) that are required for test methods used as part of official sampling programs, such as for state or foreign inspection systems. (usda.gov)
- In 2015, the US Department of Agriculture set minimum education and training requirements (ie, professional standards) to ensure that school nutrition professionals have the knowledge and experience to operate school meal programs. (nih.gov)
Data1
- To support strategies to reduce dietary sodium intake, 2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data from states and territories that implemented the new sodium-related behavior module were assessed. (cdc.gov)
HTTPS1
- Also see the Department of State's Trafficking in Persons Report at https://www.state.gov/trafficking-in-persons-report/ . (state.gov)
Hunger1
- Waivers are an important policy option for states to reduce hunger in distressed areas. (policymattersohio.org)
Search2
Tribal1
- They bring deep expertise in their issue areas as well as critical relationships with federal, state, tribal, and local leaders. (whitehouse.gov)
Cabinet1
- Business interests sought a Department of Commerce and Industry, and farmers tried to raise the Department of Agriculture to Cabinet rank. (wikipedia.org)
Ministers2
- The position carries similar responsibilities to those of agriculture ministers in other governments. (wikipedia.org)
- The Committee is headed by the prime minister and members include ministers covering the respective strategic sectors, the state advocate, and relevant ministers whose portfolios are affected by the strategic investment. (state.gov)
Authorities1
- To boost investments in strategic sectors, the GoA approved a new Law on Strategic Investments in May 2015 that outlines the criteria, rules, and procedures that state authorities employ when approving a strategic investment. (state.gov)
Bureau1
- In the ensuing years, agitation for a separate bureau within the department or a separate department devoted to agriculture kept recurring. (wikipedia.org)
Interior1
- In 1849, the Patent Office was transferred to the newly created Department of the Interior. (wikipedia.org)
Pest1
- The CIP will consolidate and harmonize the various conditions that APHIS imposes on holders of PPQ 588 permits to reduce the possibility of bringing a pest into the United States along with the plant material. (usda.gov)
Partnerships1
- NASDA grows and enhances American agriculture through policy, partnerships and public engagement. (nasda.org)
America2
- NASDA congratulates President Joe Biden and Vice President Kamala Harris on their inauguration as the 46th President and 49th Vice President of the United States of America. (nasda.org)
- Fire ants are thought to have arrived in the United States between 1918 and the 1930s from South America by ships that docked in Mobile, Alabama. (medscape.com)
Architect1
- Positioning the United States as a major architect of a sustainable and resilient CCE is critical for maintaining economic competitiveness in the future, and DOE and USDA will use stakeholder input from this workshop to develop a federal roadmap that identifies the technical advancements needed to realize the CCE. (energy.gov)
University1
- Seed from the third recurrent cycle of selection grown in a screen cage isolation at Madison in 1981 will be distributed on a pro-rata basis to carrot breeders and seedsmen who address a written request to C. E. Peterson, USDA, ARS, Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, before April 1, 1983. (usda.gov)
Farmers1
- The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) is opening the door for farmers across the country to cultivate hemp. (cbdtoday.com)
National1
- The National Renewable Energy Laboratory, in collaboration with the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), will convene a summit to consider the challenges, opportunities, and needs involved in realizing the CCE. (energy.gov)
