The innermost layer of an artery or vein, made up of one layer of endothelial cells and supported by an internal elastic lamina.
The middle layer of blood vessel walls, composed principally of thin, cylindrical, smooth muscle cells and elastic tissue. It accounts for the bulk of the wall of most arteries. The smooth muscle cells are arranged in circular layers around the vessel, and the thickness of the coat varies with the size of the vessel.
A condition characterized by hardening of the PENIS due to the formation of fibrous plaques on the dorsolateral aspect of the PENIS, usually involving the membrane (tunica albuginea) surrounding the erectile tissue (corpus cavernosum penis). This may eventually cause a painful deformity of the shaft or constriction of the urethra, or both.
Accumulation of serous fluid between the layers of membrane (tunica vaginalis) covering the TESTIS in the SCROTUM.
The external reproductive organ of males. It is composed of a mass of erectile tissue enclosed in three cylindrical fibrous compartments. Two of the three compartments, the corpus cavernosa, are placed side-by-side along the upper part of the organ. The third compartment below, the corpus spongiosum, houses the urethra.
Surgery performed on the male genitalia.
Connective tissue comprised chiefly of elastic fibers. Elastic fibers have two components: ELASTIN and MICROFIBRILS.
Surgical insertion of cylindric hydraulic devices for the treatment of organic ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION.
Thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES of all sizes. There are many forms classified by the types of lesions and arteries involved, such as ATHEROSCLEROSIS with fatty lesions in the ARTERIAL INTIMA of medium and large muscular arteries.
Rigid, semi-rigid, or inflatable cylindric hydraulic devices, with either combined or separate reservoir and pumping systems, implanted for the surgical treatment of organic ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION.
The main trunk of the systemic arteries.
Inability to achieve and maintain an erection (ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION) due to defects in the arterial blood flow to the PENIS, defect in venous occlusive function allowing blood drainage (leakage) from the erectile tissue (corpus cavernosum penis), or both.
The nonstriated involuntary muscle tissue of blood vessels.
Either of the two principal arteries on both sides of the neck that supply blood to the head and neck; each divides into two branches, the internal carotid artery and the external carotid artery.

Accelerated intimal hyperplasia and increased endogenous inhibitors for NO synthesis in rabbits with alloxan-induced hyperglycaemia. (1/3315)

1. We examined whether endogenous inhibitors of NO synthesis are involved in the augmentation of intimal hyperplasia in rabbits with hyperglycaemia induced by alloxan. 2. Four weeks after the endothelial denudation of carotid artery which had been performed 12 weeks after alloxan, the intimal hyperplasia was greatly augmented with hyperglycaemia. The degree of hyperplasia was assessed using three different parameters of histopathological findings as well as changes in luminal area and intima: media ratio. 3. There were positive and significant correlations between intima:media ratio, plasma glucose, and concentrations of N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) and N(G), N(G)-dimethyl-L-arginine (ADMA) in endothelial cells, that is, the intima:media ratio became greater as plasma glucose and endothelial L-NMMA and ADMA were increased. Furthermore, endothelial L-NMMA and ADMA were increased in proportion to the increase in plasma glucose. 4. In contrast, there were inverse and significant correlations between cyclic GMP production by carotid artery strips with endothelium and plasma glucose, between cyclic GMP production and endothelial L-NMMA and ADMA, and between the intima:media ratio and cyclic GMP production. 5. Exogenously applied L-NMMA and ADMA inhibited cyclic GMP production in a concentration-dependent manner. IC50 values were determined to be 12.1 microM for the former and 26.2 microM for the latter. The cyclic GMP production was abolished after the deliberate removal of endothelium from the artery strips. 6. These results suggest that the augmentation of intimal hyperplasia with hyperglycaemia is closely related to increased accumulation of L-NMMA and ADMA with hyperglycaemia, which would result in an accelerated reduction in NO production/release by endothelial cells.  (+info)

Studies on structural changes of the carotid arteries and the heart in asymptomatic renal transplant recipients. (2/3315)

BACKGROUND: The present study was designed to characterize early structural changes of large arteries in renal transplant recipients with no clinical evidence of cardiovascular disease and normal blood pressure values, and to analyse the relationship between arterial alterations and those of the heart. METHODS: Intima media thickness and atherosclerotic plaques of the carotid arteries as well as left ventricular geometry and function were examined in 35 asymtomatic renal transplant recipients and 29 age- and sex-matched healthy controls by high resolution B-mode ultrasound and by echocardiography. RESULTS: Intima-media thickness of the carotid arteries was significantly higher in renal transplant recipients (1.21+/-0.08 mm) than in healthy controls (0.74+/-0.04 mm) (P<0.001). Atherosclerotic plaques were found in the majority of renal transplant recipients (71% vs 14% in healthy controls, P<0.001). Left ventricular mass index was significantly increased in the group of renal transplant recipients (264+/-13 g, 146+/-7 g/m2) when compared with healthy controls (155+/-8 g, 83+/-4 g/m2) (P<0.001). Multiple regression analysis in renal transplant recipients showed that intima media thickness of the carotid arteries was significantly related to left ventricular mass index (P<0.02), but not to age, blood pressure, body mass index, serum creatinine, cholesterol and lipoprotein (a) levels. In the group of healthy controls, intima-media thickness of the carotid artery was related to age (P<0.002), but not to left ventricular mass index or the other independent variables. CONCLUSIONS: The present study documents pronounced intima-media thickening in asymptomatic renal transplant recipients. Atherosclerotic lesions are present in most renal transplant recipients with no clinical evidence of cardiovascular disease. We observed a parallelism between arterial wall thickening and left ventricular hypertrophy, although blood pressure levels were normal during haemodialysis therapy and after renal transplantation.  (+info)

Arterial damage induced by cryopreservation is irreversible following organ culture. (3/3315)

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to investigate the changes which occur to the arterial wall following cryopreservation and thawing and to determine whether these changes are reversible after a week of culture in an organ bath. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rat iliac arterial segments were cryopreserved. Once thawed, the arterial segments were cultured for a period of 0, 1, 2, 4 or 7 days. Freshly isolated rat iliac vessels cultured for 7 days served as the control group. Evaluation was made of ultrastructural changes, the expression of metalloproteinase activity (MMP-1, MMP-3 and MMP-9) and the apoptotic state of cells. RESULTS: The freezing-thawing process induced damage to the arterial segments compared to fresh control vessels. After 1 week of culture, arteries showed a high degree of tissue degeneration. Only a few individual endothelial cells remained on the luminal surface. There was a gradual increase in the proportion of apoptotic cells. The sequential expression of MMP-1 during the first 2 days and subsequent expression of MMP-3 and MMP-9 were of most significance. CONCLUSIONS: Cryopreservation induced damage to the vessels which could not be reversed by organ culture. The changes observed in the expression of metalloproteinases may be indicative of the degenerative process which occurs in the extracellular matrix.  (+info)

Endothelial implants inhibit intimal hyperplasia after porcine angioplasty. (4/3315)

The perivascular implantation of tissue-engineered endothelial cells around injured arteries offers an opportunity to study fundamental vascular physiology as well as restore and improve tissue function. Cell source is an important issue because the ability to implant either xenogeneic or allogeneic cells would greatly enhance the clinical applications of tissue-engineered grafts. We investigated the biological and immunological responses to endothelial cell xenografts and allografts in pigs 4 weeks after angioplasty of the carotid arteries. Porcine or bovine aortic endothelial cells were cultured within Gelfoam matrices and implanted in the perivascular space of 42 injured arteries. Both porcine and bovine endothelial cell grafts reduced the restenosis index compared with control by 54% and 46%, respectively. Perivascular heparin release devices, formulated to release heparin at twice the rate of release of heparan sulfate proteoglycan from endothelial cell implants, produced no significant reduction in the restenosis index. Endothelial cell implants also reduced occlusive thrombosis compared with control and heparin release devices. Host immune responses to endothelial implants were investigated by immunohistochemical examination of explanted devices and by immunocytochemistry of serum samples. The bovine cell grafts displayed infiltration of leukocytes, consisting primarily of lymphocytes, and caused an increase in antibodies detected in serum samples. Reduced cellular infiltration and no humoral response were detected in animals that received allografts. Despite the difference in immune response, the biological effects of xenografts or allografts did not differ significantly.  (+info)

Cross-sectional and 4-year longitudinal associations between brachial pulse pressure and common carotid intima-media thickness in a general population. The EVA study. (5/3315)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The cross-sectional and 4-year longitudinal associations between brachial pulse pressure (PP) and ultrasound measurements of common carotid intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT) were assessed. METHODS: A population of 957 volunteers aged 59 to 71 years was recruited from the electoral rolls of the city of Nantes (western France) and reexamined 4 years later. Longitudinal changes in PP and CCA-IMT were computed as the difference between 4-year follow-up and baseline values. RESULTS: Baseline CCA-IMT and PP were positively associated in both age- and sex-adjusted analysis (partial correlation coefficient=0.20, P<0.001) and in multivariate analysis adjusted for traditional cardiovascular risk factors and mean blood pressure (partial correlation coefficient=0.18, P<0.001). In longitudinal analysis, baseline PP was associated with the change in 4-year CCA-IMT (partial correlation coefficient=0.11, P<0.001), and baseline CCA-IMT was a predictor of the 4-year change in PP (partial correlation coefficient=0.10, 0.001+info)

Prevention of neointimal formation by a serine protease inhibitor, FUT-175, after carotid balloon injury in rats. (6/3315)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In vivo and vitro studies revealed the activation of thrombin and the complement system in vascular lesion formation during the process of atherosclerosis, along with pathological proliferation of smooth muscle cells. We examined the effect of the synthetic serine protease inhibitor FUT-175 (developed as a potent inhibitor of thrombin and the complement system) on vascular lesions using balloon dilatation-induced neointimal formation in the carotid artery of rats. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats underwent balloon dilatation injury of the left carotid artery to induce neointimal formation. Three groups of these rats (n=8, each) were treated with daily intraperitoneal injections of 1 of the following doses of FUT-175: 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 mg/d in 1 mL of saline for 7 consecutive days. The control group (n=8) was similarly treated with 1 mL of saline for 7 days. The injections were started immediately after balloon injury. Two weeks after the injury, the left carotid arteries were perfusion-fixed, and the areas of the neointimal and medial layer were analyzed under a microscope. RESULTS: A morphometric analysis revealed that there were significant differences in the intima-media ratio between the 4 groups treated with vehicle (saline) or a low, medium, or high dose of FUT-175 (1.45+/-0.11, 1.08+/-0.06, 0.71+/-0.04, or 0.32+/-0.04, respectively). This suppression was achieved in a dose-dependent manner by the administration of FUT-175 after balloon injury. In the histological study, it was demonstrated that FUT-175 suppresses the production of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB in the neointima and the medial smooth muscle cell layer. CONCLUSIONS: After balloon injury activated proteases that were inhibited by FUT-175 were demonstrated to have an essential role in the development of the pathological thickening of the arterial wall.  (+info)

Endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitor: a novel marker of atherosclerosis. (7/3315)

BACKGROUND: Exposure to risk factors such as hypertension or hypercholesterolemia decreases the bioavailability of endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) and impairs endothelium-dependent vasodilation. Recently, a circulating endogenous NO synthase inhibitor, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), has been detected in human plasma. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between plasma ADMA and atherosclerosis in humans. METHODS AND RESULTS: Subjects (n=116; age, 52+/-1 years; male:female ratio, 100:16) underwent a complete history and physical examination, determination of serum chemistries and ADMA levels, and duplex scanning of the carotid arteries. These individuals had no symptoms of coronary or peripheral artery disease and were taking no medications. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that plasma levels of ADMA were positively correlated with age (P<0.0001), mean arterial pressure (P<0.0001), and Sigma glucose (an index of glucose tolerance) (P=0.0006). Most intriguingly, stepwise regression analysis revealed that plasma ADMA levels were significantly correlated to the intima-media thickness of the carotid artery (as measured by high-resolution ultrasonography). CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals that plasma ADMA levels are positively correlated with risk factors for atherosclerosis. Furthermore, plasma ADMA level is significantly correlated with carotid intima-media thickness. Our results suggest that this endogenous antagonist of NO synthase may be a marker of atherosclerosis.  (+info)

Immunohistochemical analysis of arterial wall cellular infiltration in Buerger's disease (endarteritis obliterans). (8/3315)

PURPOSE: The diagnosis of Buerger's disease has depended on clinical symptoms and angiographic findings, whereas pathologic findings are considered to be of secondary importance. Arteries from patients with Buerger's tissue were analyzed histologically, including immunophenotyping of the infiltrating cells, to elucidate the nature of Buerger's disease as a vasculitis. METHODS: Thirty-three specimens from nine patients, in whom Buerger's disease was diagnosed on the basis of our clinical and angiographic criteria between 1980 and 1995 at Nagoya University Hospital, were studied. Immunohistochemical studies were performed on paraffin-embedded tissue with a labeled streptoavidin-biotin method. RESULTS: The general architecture of vessel walls was well preserved regardless of the stage of disease, and cell infiltration was observed mainly in the thrombus and the intima. Among infiltrating cells, CD3(+) T cells greatly outnumbered CD20(+) B cells. CD68(+) macrophages or S-100(+) dendritic cells were detected, especially in the intima during acute and subacute stages. All cases except one showed infiltration by the human leukocyte antigen-D region (HLA-DR) antigen-bearing macrophages and dendritic cells in the intima. Immunoglobulins G, A, and M (IgG, IgA, IgM) and complement factors 3d and 4c (C3d, C4c) were deposited along the internal elastic lamina. CONCLUSION: Buerger's disease is strictly an endarteritis that is introduced by T-cell mediated cellular immunity and by B-cell mediated humoral immunity associated with activation of macrophages or dendritic cells in the intima.  (+info)

TY - JOUR. T1 - Clinical and dietary predictors of common carotid artery intima media thickness in a population with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study. AU - Petersen, Kristina S. AU - Keogh, Jennifer B. AU - Meikle, Peter J. AU - Garg, Manohar L. AU - Clifton, Peter M. PY - 2017/1/6. Y1 - 2017/1/6. N2 - � 2017 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. AIM To determine the clinical and dietary predictors of common carotid artery intima media thickness (CCA IMT) in a cohort of subjects with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. METHODS Participants with type 1 (n = 23) and type 2 diabetes (n = 127) had mean and mean maximum CCA IMT measured using B mode ultrasound. Dietary intake was measured using a food frequency questionnaire. Clinical and dietary predictors of mean and mean maximum CCA IMT were determined using linear regression analysis adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS The main predictors of mean and mean maximum CCA IMT were age and weight. After ...
The tunica intima (New Latin inner coat), or intima for short, is the innermost tunica (layer) of an artery or vein. It is made up of one layer of endothelial cells and is supported by an internal elastic lamina. The endothelial cells are in direct contact with the blood flow. The tunicae of blood vessels are three layers-an inner layer (the tunica intima), a middle layer (the tunica media), and an outer layer (the tunica adventitia). In dissection, the inner coat (tunica intima) can be separated from the middle (tunica media) by a little maceration, or it may be stripped off in small pieces; but, because of its friability, it cannot be separated as a complete membrane. It is a fine, transparent, colorless structure which is highly elastic, and, after death, is commonly corrugated into longitudinal wrinkles. The inner coat consists of: A layer of pavement endothelium, the cells of which are polygonal, oval, or fusiform, and have very distinct round or oval nuclei. This endothelium is brought ...
International Journal of Nephrology is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies focusing on the prevention, diagnosis, and management of kidney diseases and associated disorders. The journal welcomes submissions related to cell biology, developmental biology, genetics, immunology, pathology, pathophysiology of renal disease and progression, clinical nephrology, dialysis, and transplantation.
Aim: To investigate risk factors which impact on common carotid artery intima media thickness (IMT). Methods: A total of 86 obese children and adolescents and 22 healthy children and ...
Intima-media thickness (IMT), also called intimal medial thickness, is a measurement of the thickness of tunica intima and tunica media, the innermost two layers of the wall of an artery. The measurement is usually made by external ultrasound and occasionally by internal, invasive ultrasound catheters; see Intravascular ultrasound. Measurements of the total wall thickness of blood vessels can also be done using other imaging modalities. IMT is used to detect the presence of atherosclerosis in humans and, more contentiously, to track the regression, arrest or progression of atherosclerosis. Ultrasound IMT measurements were first proposed and validated in vitro by Paolo Pignoli in 1984 and further details were subsequently published in a highly cited article. The use of IMT as a non-invasive tool to track changes in arterial walls has increased substantially since the mid-1990s. Although IMT is predictive of future cardiovascular events, the usefulness of measuring change in IMT over time is ...
Differences in thyroid function status within the euthyroid range have been proposed to affect the development of (subclinical) atherosclerosis [1], as evidenced by a greater carotid artery intima media thickness and progression of coronary artery calcification in the context of low normal thyroid function, i.e. a higher thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) or a lower free thyroxine (FT4) thyroid hormone in the euthyroid range [2,3]. Importantly, with respect to high density lipoproteins (HDL) the concept is emerging that abnormalities in function rather than low concentrations of HDL cholesterol per se may give rise to impaired atheroprotective potential of this lipoprotein fraction ...
This proposal is currently approved by CHR (#H9577-18534-03C, exp date 3/26/04); the purpose of this new application is to split the currently approved protocol into a separate protocol with a separate PI. Data collected and patients seen under the previously approved protocol will be carried over into this new separate protocol. This is a longitudinal observational study of HIV-infected patients and HIV-negative control patients, and individuals with autoimmune diseases. We plan to obtain measurement of carotid artery intima media thickness (IMT) using high resolution ultrasound as a noninvasive means for tracking atherosclerotic progression. In addition, patients will undergo ct scan for coronary calcium and single slice abdominal ct scan to assess visceral fat. We will also measure lipid and lipoprotein levels, inflammatory markers, markers of CMV infection, thrombotic markers, atherogenic lipoproteins, and markers of immune function. Immunophenotyping will be performed on freshly collected ...
C) Chest X-ray (Extra HK$160). D) Carotid Artery Intima Media Thickness (IMT) (Extra HK$990). E) Treadmill/Exercise ECG (Extra HK$1,980) (Evaluate the risk of coronary heart disease). F) Echocardiogram (Extra HK$2,700). (Evaluate cardiac function, overall contraction of the heart and blood flows in narrow tubes or backwards caused by valvular heard disease). G) 64 Slice CT Coronary Ca Score (Extra HK$2,000). (Delete any of coronary heart disease, blood lipid, calcium and other material accumulation). H) Healthy Heart Cell Assessment (Extra HK$1,730). ...
主動脈剝離(英語:aortic dissection;法語:dissection aortique;德語:Aortendissektion),又譯為「主動脈夾層」或「心血管動脈撕裂」,是因為主動脈血管內膜(英語:Tunica intima)受傷,使得血液可以流入主動脈壁各層之間,使血管層剝離(英語:Dissection (medical))的症狀[3]。大部份的情形下,在主動脈剝離時會有嚴重、撕裂狀的胸痛或是背痛(英語:Acute aortic syndrome)[1][2],同時會有嘔吐、冒汗、頭重腳輕等症狀[2]。因為無法提供足夠血液到其他器官,也會有像中風或腸繫膜缺血等症狀[2]。主動脈剝離後,因為無法提供心臟足夠的血液或是主動脈破裂(英語:Aortic rupture),可能很快會致命[2]。 主動脈剝離較常出現在有高血壓及主動脈瓣二葉畸形(英語:Bicuspid aortic ...
A previous animal study (16) reported a significant decrease of inflammation following implantation of dexamethasone-eluting stents in pig coronary arteries at 5 days. However, no beneficial effect on neointimal growth was observed at 28 days, which reinforces the need for appropriate animal models and drug dosage to simulate human atherosclerotic disease.. Furthermore, the local or systemic administration is of cardinal importance to determine the efficacy of glucocorticoids with respect to their antirestenotic properties. In contrast to corticosteroids, preclinical models using paclitaxel have shown effective suppression of neointima at short term. In a previous experimental model of healthy rabbits implanted with stents loaded with a lower dose of paclitaxel (42.0 μg), neointimal thickness was reduced by 48% compared to BMS at 28 days (12). However, as in our study, paclitaxel-DES were associated with significantly larger areas of fibrin deposition surrounding stent struts and sparse ...
Artery. Coloured transmission electron micrograph (TEM) of a transverse section through part of an artery. Red blood cells (erythrocytes, red) and platelets (pink) can be seen in the central canal (lumen). The lumen is lined with a layer called the tunica intima, which is made up of endothelial cells (blue) and elastic fibres (dark blue). This layer lies underneath a layer of smooth muscle called the tunica media (orange). The outermost layer of the artery is known as the tunica externa (red) which is mainly composed of collagen. Magnification: x400 when printed 10cm wide. - Stock Image C033/7106
The significance of the strong P2Y2 expression observed in balloon-induced intimal lesions is not clear. Nevertheless, this strong expression could reflect an increased reactivity to extracellular nucleotides with consequent modulation of proliferation or vasoreactivity. Indeed, extracellular nucleotides, particularly ATP and UTP, have been shown to induce cell cycle progression and proliferation of cultured arterial SMCs3 4 5 6 7 and to induce a vasoconstriction in the absence of endothelial cells.11 12 13 Since both neointimal hyperplasia and vasoconstrictive remodeling have been found to be involved in postangioplasty restenosis,1 30 31 32 our data suggest that extracellular nucleotides might play a significant role in this process, at least as long as the functional endothelial cells, which control intimal thickening33 34 and nucleotide vasorelaxant effects,35 36 are not regenerated.. The increased P2Y2 receptor expression in the neointima may by itself be sufficient to enhance the local ...
Cand vine vorba despre igiena intima parerile sunt impartite, iar discutiile sunt mereu controversate. Dorind sa aflu cat mai multe pareri despre produsele de igiena intima am provocat la discutii o serie de prietene si am dat o raita printre forumuri.. Imi este foarte clar ca fiecare femeie alege un produs de igiena intima in functie de convingerile legate de eficienta ingredientelor pe care le contine un produs X si pret 맥 음악 다운로드.. Nu sunt experta in ale produselor de igiena intima, dar sunt convinsa de faptul ca zona intima feminina are nevoie de atentie speciala si de produse create pentru igienta intima. Asa cum folosim produse destinate ingrijirii parului, mainilor, picioarelor, fetei, este important sa folosim un produs de igiena dedicat zonei intime - un produs cu actiune blanda care sa nu actioneze agresiv catia v5 r20.. In cautarile mele am aflat ca sunt femei care au o sensibilitate exagerata care dupa ce au incercat aproape toate produsele de igiena intima de pe piata, ...
Intimal re-layering technique for type A acute aortic dissection-reconstructing the intimal layer continuity to induce remodeling of the false channel
PhD Project - Exploring the similarities between neointimal formation after vascular injury and tumour growth at University of Bristol, listed on FindAPhD.com
Herbal Care Gel Calmant Pentru Igiena Intima Cu Extract De Albastrele Si Acid Lactic 330ml din magazinele online, 45 produse. Cele mai noi prețuri pentru 330ml. Herbal cumparaturi online.
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This report is the final of the Veterans and Agent Orange series, which was required by Public Law 102-4, The Agent Orange Act of 1991, and extended by Public Law 107-103. The Secretary of Veterans Affairs was directed to contract with the National ...
The triple line pattern on carotid intima media thickness imaging and its relationship to cardiovascular risk factors in patients on lipid lowering therapy Tania A Singh,1 Todd C Villines,2 Allen J Taylor31Division of Cardiology, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, 2Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, 3Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA Background: Carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) infrequently identifies a triple line pattern (TLP) in the visualization of the internal elastic lamina. We examined the prevalence and predictors of the TLP among a consecutive series of subjects enrolled in a CIMT clinical trial, and also the effects of lipid lowering therapy.Methods: Baseline CIMT studies of subjects with known heart disease, or high risk for heart disease, were evaluated from a single site of the Arterial Biology for the Investigation of the Treatment Effects of Reducing Cholesterol 6-HDL and LDL Treatment Strategies in Atherosclerosis trial (N
Association of Carotid Intima Media Thickness and Periscope Markers with Coronary Artery Disease, Risk factors and Biomarkers in Asian Indians Surrogate sub clinical mar..
TY - JOUR. T1 - Thapsigargin inhibits smooth muscle cell proliferation and intima formation in human saphenous vein. AU - George, SJ. AU - Angelini, GD. AU - Jeremy, JY. PY - 1997. Y1 - 1997. M3 - Article (Academic Journal). VL - 17. SP - 2500. EP - 2506. JO - Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. JF - Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. SN - 1079-5642. ER - ...
Background: A metabolic syndrome associated with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease has been seen in HIV (+) individuals receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Functional vascular changes can be non-invasively assessed and may precede the development of atherosclerosis.. Methods: We measured carotid artery intima media thickness (IMT) and brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) by vascular ultrasonography in 61 HIV (+) patients (mean age 41.8 ± 13 yrs, 88.5 % male) attending a tertiary care center, in 30 patients with angiographically documented CAD (positive control) and in 30 healthy subjects. Both control groups had similar age, sex and atherosclerotic risk factors to HIV infected patients. Carotid to femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV-Complior apparatus) was also measured in HIV (+) patients.. Results: By ANOVA, HIV patients had higher IMT than healthy controls and similar IMT to matched CAD patients (0.64±0.2 vs. 0.54±0.05 vs .0.66±0.08 mm respectively, ...
We have used carotid IMT rather than CHD as our outcome. Carotid IMT has been shown to be strongly associated with prevalent and incident CHD.13,18 It has been suggested that the difference in IMT between women and men may be explained by differences in luminal diameter.22 However, this has been shown not to be the case in the large Tromso study.14 There was a differential in the response between women and men in our study and a difference in the nature of the sampling frame for women and men. Men were survivors of a prospective cohort, whereas women were a newly selected random sample. While among the men responders did not appear to differ from non-responders with respect to age, women who responded were younger than those who did not and women were on average slightly younger than men in the final study sample. All results presented in this study are adjusted for age. Mean blood pressure, lipid levels, and waist-hip ratios for both women and men from this study are similar to those for ...
Continuous and dichotomous metabolic syndrome definitions in youth predict adult type 2 diabetes and carotid artery intima media thickness: the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study
The KEEPS is designed to explore the hypothesis that early initiation of hormone therapy, in women who are at the inception of their menopause, will decrease the rate of accumulation of atherosclerotic plaque, indicating a likely delay in the onset of clinical cardiovascular disease. The study is designed as a multicenter, 4 year randomized clinical trial. It will evaluate the effectiveness of of 0.45 mg/day of oral conjugated equine estrogens or 50 mcg/day of transdermal estradiol via skin patch changed weekly (each in combination with cyclic oral, micronized progesterone, 200 mg daily for 12 days per month), versus placebo in preventing progression of carotid intimal medial thickness by sonogram and the accrual of coronary calcium in women aged 42-58 who are within 36 months of their final menstrual period at initiation of treatment. A number of secondary endpoints including biochemical and genetic risk factors for cardiovascular and thrombotic disease, and effects on cognition will also be ...
The walls of all blood vessels, except the smallest, have three layers, or tunics, that surround a central blood-containing space, the vessel lumen.. The innermost tunic is the tunica intima. The tunica intima contains the endothelium, the simple squamous epithelium that lines the lumen of all vessels. The endothelium is continuous with the endocardial lining of the heart, and its flat cells fit closely together, forming a slippery surface that minimizes friction so blood moves smoothly through the lumen. In vessels larger than 1 mm in diameter, a subendothelial layer, consisting of a basement membrane and loose connective tissue, supports the endothelium.. The middle tunic, the tunica media, is mostly circularly arranged smooth muscle cells and sheets of elastin. The activity of the smooth muscle is regulated by sympathetic vasomotor nerve fibers of the autonomic nervous system and chemicals. Depending on the bodys needs at any given moment, regulation causes either vasoconstriction (lumen ...
The major finding of this study is that GIT1 is an important regulator of vascular remodeling. Specifically, we found that GIT1 depletion inhibited intima formation after carotid ligation by 50%. In vivo and in vitro analysis showed a key role for GIT1 in VSMC proliferation, migration, and apoptosis during vascular remodeling (Figure III in the online-only Data Supplement). Furthermore, GIT1 is required for VSMC proliferation through PLCγ and ERK1/2 by regulating the expression of cell cycle-related proteins, such as cyclin D1. GIT1 is also essential for cell survival by regulating VSMC apoptosis through PLCγ and cell migration through PLCγ and ERK1/2.. VSMC proliferation and migration are key components in vascular remodeling.1,2 The present study shows that GIT1 expression is highly regulated by AngII and PDGF in vitro, and during vascular remodeling in vivo. The role of GIT1 in mediating VSMC proliferation was demonstrated by several assays, including in vitro cell count, [3H]-thymidine ...
Bronner Handwerger, ND. Assessing cardiovascular risk factors is always part of the naturopathic intake. The question arises as to how we assess these risks. We recognize that traditional markers like cholesterol, HDL, LDL, Lp(a), fibrinogen, homocysteine and even cardio CRP provide us with valuable information, along with family history. Although these are important to assess, they still do not give us the kind of reliable information we are looking for.. Cardiovascular disease is the No. 1 killer in the U.S. for both men and women. Heart disease and stroke account for almost six million hospitalizations each year, and more than 40% of all people age 45 and older have some form of cardiovascular disease. Approximately 1.1 million Americans are expected to have a new or recurrent heart attack this year, and 60% of all deaths in the U.S. are attributed to cardiovascular disease. A more sobering statistic is that 40%-50% of all heart attack patients have a normal cholesterol or lipid profile, ...
Results A total of 76 patients were screened and 22 RA patients who were in low disease activity or remission were included. Patients with RA had significantly higher median cIMT, 0.53 (IQR0.13) mm compared to controls, 0.47 (IQR 0.14) mm, p=0.01. In RA patients, the cIMT had significant positive correlation with age (rs=0.84, p=0.00), systolic BP (rs=0.45, p=0.04), waist circumference (rs=0.43, p=0.04), total cholesterol (rs=0.54, p=0.01), BMI (rs=0.45, p=0.04) and serum IL-17 (rs=0.45, p=0.03) but negative correlation with total HDL (rs=-0.43, p=0.05). ...
Looking for internal elastic membrane? Find out information about internal elastic membrane. A sheet of elastin found between the tunica intima and the tunica media in medium- and small-caliber arteries Explanation of internal elastic membrane
TY - JOUR. T1 - Gene transfer of dominant negative Rho kinase suppresses neointimal formation after balloon injury in pigs. AU - Eto, Yasuhiro. AU - Shimokawa, Hiroaki. AU - Hiroki, Junko. AU - Morishige, Kunio. AU - Kandabashi, Tadashi. AU - Matsumoto, Yasuharu. AU - Amano, Mutsuki. AU - Hoshijima, Masahiko. AU - Kaibuchi, Kozo. AU - Takeshita, Akira. PY - 2000/6. Y1 - 2000/6. N2 - Restenosis after angioplasty still remains a major problem for which neointimal formation appears to play an important role. Recent studies in vitro suggested that Rho kinase, a target protein of Rho, is important in various cellular functions. We thus examined whether Rho kinase is involved in the restenotic changes after balloon injury. In vivo gene transfer was performed immediately after balloon injury in both sides of the porcine femoral arteries with adenoviral vector encoding either a dominant negative form of Rho kinase (AdDNRhoK) or β-galactosidase (AdLacZ) as a control. One week after the transfer, ...
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) proliferation and migration, that are central within the development of vascular diseases, are controlled by several hormones and humoral factors. D4 receptor suppresses the proliferation and migration of VSMCs, consequently, inhibit atherosclerosis. The D4 receptor could be a potential restorative target to lessen the consequences of insulin on artery redesigning. strong course=kwd-title Keywords: Dopamine receptor, BIBX1382 manufacture Insulin receptor, Vascular soft muscle tissue cell, Proliferation, Migration, Atherosclerosis Intro The irregular proliferation and migration of vascular soft muscle tissue cells (VSMCs) perform a crucial part in neointimal development and vascular redesigning during atherosclerosis and restenosis [1-3]. It really is currently approved that proliferation and migration of medial VSMCs get excited about neointimal development after injury, that could become induced by cytokines and development elements, including insulin. ...
The Common carotid intima media thickness (CCIMT), an established indicator of atherosclerosis and an important functional predictor of cardiovascular system3,9 can effectively be used to measure progress of atherosclerosis and also to assess the success of interventions 2,8.. What is known is that measurement of CCIMT by non-invasive B-mode ultrasonography can detect atherosclerosis at the earliest preclinical stage and help in the prediction and diagnosis of asymptomatic vascular disease.3,14,15. Our study demonstrates the factors which have the strongest correlation with CCIMT and hence with pan-atherosclerosis.. In the present study, comparison of the cases (Group I) with the age- and sex-matched controls (Group II), revealed a higher duration of diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidaemia in the latter Group 2. These patients also had a significantly higher mean CCIMT value. With these points in mind let us consider the correlation of risk factors with CCIMT in our patients. In our analysis, ...
In this study, placement of a cuff around the femoral artery was used to investigate the role of plasminogen and fibrinogen in neointima formation and compensatory vascular remodeling. A smooth muscle cell-rich neointima developed in the arteries of mice within 28 days after cuff placement and was associated with marked elastic lamina degradation. Homozygous deficiencies of plasminogen or fibrinogen did not affect the extent of either neointima formation or elastic lamina breakdown. However, plasminogen was found to be critical in compensatory remodeling, via fibrin-dependent mechanisms, and appeared to prevent medial atrophy independently of fibrinolytic mechanisms.. Like the sequence of events that occur during wound healing, an initial accumulation of inflammatory cells and deposition of fibrin occurred in the adventitia of the arteries, followed by subsequent fibrin clearance and collagen scar formation. Although the detailed mechanisms for neointimal development after cuff placement have ...
In a series of experiments examining neointimal lesion formation in injured rat arteries, it became apparent that the migration of SMCs into the intima was a critical event. Early work focused on the role of plasminogen activators and the formation of plasmin as a necessary protease for SMC migration.10,11⇓ Recently, we have become interested in the role of MMPs in neointimal growth. Arteries express MMP-9 within hours after injury and continue to do so for up to 7 days, and this is accompanied with an increase in MMP-2 activation.1 We hypothesized that these MMPs regulate SMC migration, because many metastatic cells express these same proteinases, and we know that SMCs migrate into the intima at times when MMP activity is increased (,7 days). Furthermore, we were able to block SMC migration in injured arteries by the administration of an MMP inhibitor, although the size of the neointimal lesion 14 days after injury was identical to that of injured control arteries.8 This occurred despite the ...
Background: Intima-Media thickness is an acknowledged surrogate marker for predicting and profiling of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. It displays geographical an..
Atherosclerosis is a vascular disorder involving inflammation, a narrowed vascular lumen in the entire tunica intima, and reduced elasticity of the arterial wall. It has been found that Hsp60 from Chlamydia pneumoniae, an obligate bacterial pathogen associated with atheroma lesions, mimics human Hsp …
Spirometry Ultrasonography Electro Cardiology (Ekg) Echocardiogram Holter Monitor Carotid Intima Media Thickness (CIMT) A scan that is one of the most accurate
VSMC and HUVEC proliferation and apoptosis were measured by BrdU and TdT staining, respectively. Balloon injury of the right carotid was produced in Wistar rats. Straight after the vascular injury, the balloon-dilated arteries were randomly transfected with p85active (n = 8), dominant negative p85 (p85DN) (n = 8) or green fluorescent protein (GFP, n = 6; controls). Transfection of p85active decreased VSMC proliferation in the absence of cAMP while cAMP inhibition of VSMC growth was prevented by p85DN. p85active formed a stable complex with ras proteins, resulting in a selective switch-off of ras effectors in VSMCs. On the other hand, p85active did not affect HUVEC growth in vitro. Interestingly, p85active significantly reduced VSMC and HUVEC apoptosis in vitro. In both vascular cell lineages, p85active increased while p85DN decreased Akt phosphorylation. Importantly, the in vivo transfection of activated p85-active significantly reduced VSMC proliferation and then neointimal formation after ...
A method is disclosed for inhibiting intimal hyperplasia in a warm-blooded mammal which comprises administering topically at the site and time of a vascular injury induced by arterial intervention in said mammal a small but inhibitorily effective amount of tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) sufficient to inhibit said intimal hyperplasia.
A method is disclosed for inhibiting intimal hyperplasia in a warm-blooded mammal which comprises administering topically at the site and time of a vascular injury induced by arterial intervention in said mammal a small but inhibitorily effective amount of tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) sufficient to inhibit said intimal hyperplasia.
.. Associated with decreased carotid artery intimal medial thickness (IMT), explained by genetic factors the tendency for this variant is to act in a recessive manner with effects on multiple traits, to include only individuals with U.S.-born parents and grandparents eliminated the stratification using the sum of the case-control allele frequency chi square, short tandem…
among patients given either simvastatin (40 mg/d) or atorvastatin leading proponents of the lipid hypothesis dominated the (80 mg/d), but declined over the next 2 years to a greater extent in subsequent extensive media coverage, enthusiastically hailing the latter group. A significant correlation was found between the these results as triumphant confirmation of the PROVE-IT decrease of CRP and reduction in intima media thickness (IMT) of findings. According to these prestigious commentators, the carotid artery segments. No correlation was observed between lower is better era of LDL reduction had officially arrived. The fact that all-cause mortality did not differ between the twogroups, owing to an increase in noncardiovascular deaths among Conclusion ...
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R.S.M.P., R.A.M.P. போட்டுக்கொண்டாலும் அவர்களுக்கு உரிய மருத்துவ கவுன்சிலில் பதிவு செய்திருக்க மாட்டார்கள். பதிவு செய்ய வேண்டுமென்றால் அவர்கள் பட்டம் பெற்றிருக்க வேண்டும். பக்கத்தில் உள்ள அச்சகத்திலோ (இப்போது கம்யூட்டர் செண்டரில் ) ஒரு காகிதத்தில் அச்சடித்து பிரேம் போட்டு மாட்டிக் கொண்டு தொழில் செய்பவர்களை காவல்துறை அவ்வப்போது கைது செய்து கொண்டேதான் இருக்கிறார்கள். I M Aவும் இது ...
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The tunica intima (New Latin "inner coat"), or intima for short, is the innermost tunica (layer) of an artery or vein. It is ... the tunica intima), a middle layer (the tunica media), and an outer layer (the tunica externa). In dissection, the inner coat ( ... tunica intima) can be separated from the middle (tunica media) by a little maceration, or it may be stripped off in small ... The structure of the tunica intima depends on the blood vessel type. Elastic arteries - A single layer of Endothelial and a ...
It separates tunica intima from tunica media. It is readily visualized with light microscopy in sections of muscular arteries, ... elastic lamina or internal elastic lamella is a layer of elastic tissue that forms the outermost part of the tunica intima of ... which have very regular elastic laminae between layers of smooth muscle cells in their tunica media, the internal elastic ...
The interior is lined with endothelial cells called tunica intima. The precise location of veins varies much more from person ... Microscopically, veins have a thick outer layer made of connective tissue, called the tunica externa or tunica adventitia. ... The middle layer of bands of smooth muscle are called tunica media and are, in general, much thinner than those of arteries, as ...
The innermost layer, which is in direct contact with the flow of blood, is the tunica intima, commonly called the intima. The ... It consists of three tunics: Tunica media, intima, and external. Systemic arteries are the arteries (including the peripheral ... The outermost layer of an artery (or vein) is known as the tunica externa, also known as tunica adventitia, and is composed of ... Inside this layer is the tunica media, or media, which is made up of smooth muscle cells, elastic tissue (also called ...
The elastic layer of the tunica intima is a fenestrated membrane. In surgery, a fenestration is a new opening made in a part of ...
Tunica intima - Inner layer of blood vessel Pozzi A, Yurchenco PD, Iozzo RV (January 2017). "The nature and biology of basement ...
A thin membrane of elastic fibers in the tunica intima run parallel to the vessel. The middle layer tunica media is the ... The middle layer is thicker in the arteries than it is in the veins: The inner layer, tunica intima, is the thinnest layer. It ... The tunica media is thicker in the arteries rather than the veins. The outer layer is the tunica adventitia and the thickest ... The tunica media may (especially in arteries) be rich in vascular smooth muscle, which controls the caliber of the vessel. ...
842 It is characterized by fibrosis of the tunica intima and calcification of the tunica media. Arteriosclerosis Monckeberg's ...
It lies between the tunica intima on the inside and the tunica externa on the outside. Tunica media is made up of smooth muscle ... It lies between the tunica intima on the inside and the tunica externa on the outside. The middle coat (tunica media) is ... The tunica media (New Latin "middle coat"), or media for short, is the middle tunica (layer) of an artery or vein. ... tunica intima) by its color and by the transverse arrangement of its fibers. In the smaller arteries it consists principally of ...
... starting with the innermost endothelial tunica intima. The middle layer is the tunica media, composed of smooth muscle tissue, ... The tunica adventitia contains three zones, with the middle zone consisting of few smooth muscle fibers; this differs from the ... and the outermost and thickest layer is the tunica adventitia, composed of collagen and elastic connective tissue that allow ...
... the tunica intima, media, and adventitia. Atheroma and changes in the artery wall usually result in small aneurysms ( ... is always in the tunica intima, between the endothelium lining and the smooth muscle middle layer of the artery wall.[citation ... Regression analysis revealed that thickening of the mean intima-media complex more than 1.0 was predictive of significant CAD ... Promising results are found using carotid intima-media thickness scanning (CIMT can be measured by B-mode ultrasonography), B- ...
Most AAA are true aneurysms that involve all three layers (tunica intima, tunica media and tunica adventitia). The prevalence ...
The intima, tunica media, and tunica intima layers of these arteries remain intact and are generally unaffected. Thus, this ...
... s form the fatty streaks of the plaques of atheroma in the tunica intima of arteries. Foam cells are not dangerous as ... In chronic hyperlipidemia, lipoproteins aggregate within the intima of blood vessels and become oxidized by the action of ...
The vascular wall is subdivided into three layers known as the tunica externa, tunica media, and tunica intima. The aorta is ... which feed the tunica externa and tunica media, the outer layers of the aorta. The aortic arch contains baroreceptors and ... Within the tunica media, smooth muscle and the extracellular matrix are quantitatively the largest components, these are ...
The most striking histopathological changes of the aneurysmatic aorta are seen in the tunica media and intima layers. These ... However, the degradation of the tunica media by means of a proteolytic process seems to be the basic pathophysiologic mechanism ... the tunica media must rely mostly on diffusion for nutrition, which makes it more susceptible to damage. Hemodynamics affect ...
Capillaries are composed of only the tunica intima, consisting of a thin wall of simple squamous endothelial cells. They are ...
... an inner tunica intima, a middle tunica media, and an outer tunica externa. The tunica externa is made from collagen and ... The tunica externa (New Latin "outer coat"), also known as the tunica adventitia (New Latin "additional coat"), is the ... The tunica externa provides basic structural support to blood vessels. It prevents vessels from expanding too much from ... Tunica adventitia is at 'a') Microphotography of arterial wall with calcified (violet colour) atherosclerotic plaque ( ...
Intimal hyperplasia - The thickening of the tunica intima of a blood vessel as a complication of a reconstruction procedure or ...
... is the thickening of the tunica intima of a blood vessel as a complication of a reconstruction procedure or ...
Like all other arteries, the vascular wall of resistance vessels can be split into three sections: the tunica intima, media, ... Endothelial cells in the tunica intima of these arteries are unique in that they can communicate directly with VSMCs through ... holes in the internal elastic lamina (IEL). Another distinct feature is the thick tunica media, which is mainly composed of ...
... tunica media) layer almost to the inner (tunica intima) layer. In smaller vessels it penetrates only the outer layer. In the ... This means that it would take longer for any oxygen to diffuse through to the cells in the tunica adventitia and the tunica ... These small vessels serve to provide blood supply and nourishment for tunica adventitia and outer parts of tunica media of ... In the human descending aorta, vasa vasorum cease to supply the arterial tunica media with oxygenated blood at the level of the ...
... known as the tunica intima). Blood is then able to enter the space between the inner and outer layers of the vessel, causing ...
There are the tunica interna intima made up of endothelial cells, tunica media made up of muscle, and the tunica externa for ...
In arteries and veins the inner wall is the tunica intima, the outer wall is the tunica adventitia, and they are separated by ... Tunica serosa is the serous membrane Tunica vaginalis is the serous covering of the testis within the scrotum. Tunica vasculosa ... In human anatomy it generally refers either to Tunica vasculosa lentis or to Tunica vasculosa testis "tunica". Dictionary.com ... Tunica fibrosa oculi, is the fibrous tunic of the eyeball, the outer layer that includes both the cornea and sclera. Tunica ...
Stola Long, pleated dress, worn over an undergarment called a tunic or tunica intima, usually sleeveless but versions of it did ...
... atheromatous plaques accumulate in the vascular tunica intima thereby narrowing blood vessel size and decreasing blood flow. In ...
... refers to proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells primarily in the tunica intima, ... is used because the cells in the hyperplastic regions of the vascular wall have histological characteristics of both intima and ...
The ensuing inflammation leads to the formation of atheromatous plaques in the arterial tunica intima, a region of the vessel ... there is also smooth muscle proliferation and migration from the tunica media into the intima in response to cytokines secreted ... The fibrous plaque is also localized under the intima, within the wall of the artery resulting in thickening and expansion of ... Provost EB, Madhloum N, Int Panis L, De Boever P, Nawrot TS (2015). "Carotid intima-media thickness, a marker of subclinical ...
The tunica intima, which surrounds the lumen and is composed of simple squamal epithelial cells; the tunica media, composed of ... smooth cell muscles and elastic fibers; and, the tunica adventitia, composed of loose collagen fibers. Innervated by barometric ...
... surrounding the tunica media Tunica intima, for short, is the innermost tunica (layer) of an artery or vein Tunica, a flowering ... Mississippi Tunica County, Mississippi Tunica Lake, Lee County, Arkansas and Tunica County, Mississippi Tunica Academy, a non- ... Look up tunica in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Tunica may refer to: The Latin word for tunic, a type of clothing typical in ... a Native American group in the central Mississippi River Valley Tunica language, an isolate of the associated Tunica historic ...
... s begin initially with a small tear in the innermost layer of the arterial wall, the tunica intima, ... Arterial walls are composed of three layers: an intima (the innermost layer), media (the middle muscular layer), and adventitia ...
This is most likely due to a tear in the tunica intima (the inner layer), allowing blood to enter the tunica media, although ...
Platelet activation Susac's syndrome Tunica intima VE-cadherin Weibel-Palade body Angiocrine growth factors Endothelial Cell ... This state of endothelial cells promotes accumulation of lipids and lipoproteins in the intima, leading to atherosclerosis, and ... The lesions formed in the intima, and persistent inflammation lead to desquamation of endothelium, which disrupts the ...
The third stage of syphilis also manifests as aneurysm of the aorta, which is due to loss of the vasa vasorum in the tunica ... A true aneurysm is one that involves all three layers of the wall of an artery (intima, media and adventitia). True aneurysms ...
... a layer of the tunica intima or tunica media), a dissection creates two lumens or passages within the vessel, the native or ...
... tunica intima) and subsequent dissection/separation between tunica intima and tunica media. Pseudoaneurysm being close to the ...
... leading to rupture of the lamina and occlusive changes in the tunica intima with stenosis and decreased elasticity of the ...
... meaning a layer of the blood vessel called tunica intima may thicken and the blood vessels will have a smaller opening ...
... tunica intima MeSH A10.272.497 - epidermis MeSH A10.272.497.500 - hair follicle MeSH A10.272.510 - epithelium, corneal MeSH ... tunica media MeSH A10.690.467.500 - myometrium MeSH A10.690.637 - myocardium MeSH A10.755.260 - ependyma MeSH A10.755.503 - ...
... (IMT), also called intimal medial thickness, is a measurement of the thickness of tunica intima and ... Although carotid intima-media thickness is strongly associated with atherosclerosis, thickening of the intima-media may not ... Various Newscasts on Carotid IMT (Intima Media Thickness) Bortel L (2005). "What does intima-media thickness tell us?". Journal ... Intima-medial thickening is a complex process, depending on a variety of factors, including blood pressure, local hemodynamics ...
Tunica intima. The luminal and valvular surfaces of the duct and cisterna chili are covered by endothelial cells, which measure ... The tunica media is the thickest coat of the thoracic duct and consists of 4-9 layers of smooth muscle cells organized into ... The tunica adventitia is the outermost layer of the thoracic duct. It consists of a connective tissue complex, which includes ... Near the tunica media, there is a layer of collagen fibrils disposed mainly longitudinally. This layer merges with the ...
Tunica Intima / drug effects* * Tunica Intima / injuries * Tunica Intima / metabolism* * Tunica Intima / pathology ...
The inflammatory process is initiated within the tunica intima. ... The inflammatory process is initiated within the tunica intima ...
Inner layer (tunica intima): This is the tube through which blood passes. It contains smooth muscle tissue, connective tissue ... Outer layer (tunica adventitia): The outer layer anchors the aorta in place. It also connects to nearby nerves and tissue. ... Middle layer (tunica media): This layer is made of smooth muscle tissue, elastin and collagen (proteins). These substances ...
Internal elastic lamina between the tunica intima and media, and an external elastic lamina between tunica media and tunica ... If blood somehow breaks the endothelium and works its way into the tunica media, it can start getting between the elastic ... Why are the muscle cells of the tunica media connected by gap junctions in muscular arteries? ... Depolarisation is propagated to all cells of the tunica media via gap junctions ...
MeSH Terms: Aging/physiology*; Animals; Endothelium, Vascular/physiology*; Leukocytes/physiology*; Tunica Intima/physiology* ...
The aortic wall has three layers, the tunica adventitia, tunica media, and tunica intima. The layers add strength to the aorta ...
Tunica intima. The luminal and valvular surfaces of the duct and cisterna chili are covered by endothelial cells, which measure ... The tunica media is the thickest coat of the thoracic duct and consists of 4-9 layers of smooth muscle cells organized into ... The tunica adventitia is the outermost layer of the thoracic duct. It consists of a connective tissue complex, which includes ... Near the tunica media, there is a layer of collagen fibrils disposed mainly longitudinally. This layer merges with the ...
Tunica Intima / pathology* Actions. * Search in PubMed * Search in MeSH * Add to Search ... Carotid intima-media thickness for the practicing lipidologist. Liviakis L, Pogue B, Paramsothy P, Bourne A, Gill EA. Liviakis ... Causes of changes in carotid intima-media thickness: a literature review. Qu B, Qu T. Qu B, et al. Cardiovasc Ultrasound. 2015 ... Carotid intima-media thickness as a marker of cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients with coronary artery disease. ...
Tunica Intima / pathology* Actions. * Search in PubMed * Search in MeSH * Add to Search ... Carotid intima-media thickness: knowledge and application to everyday practice. Cobble M, Bale B. Cobble M, et al. Postgrad Med ... Carotid intima-media thickness measurement in cardiovascular screening programmes. Plantinga Y, Dogan S, Grobbee DE, Bots ML. ... Predicted standardized intima-media thickness values as a function of Agreeableness and sex. The Agreeableness × sex ...
Similar changes occurred in the rat carcinogenicity study along with alterations in the tunica intima of the aorta. Vascular ...
arteriosclerosis or hardening of the artery walls characterized by lipid deposits in the tunica intima. atherosclerosis. ...
both types of blood vessels have a layer called tunica intima in their walls. ... Walls of arteries and veins are made up of three layers namely tunica externa, tunica media, and tunica interna….Complete ... Tunica adventitia (tunica externa) is the outer layer of a blood vessel,… 2 Middle. The middle layer of the walls of arteries ... and veins is called the tunica media. 3 Inner. The inner layer of the blood vessel wall is called tunica intima. ...
Note the fatty deposits, or plaque, that coated the arterys innermost layer, the tunica intima. Plaque is made up of ...
Tunica Intima A07.015.700.500 Endothelium, Vascular A07.015.700.750 Pericytes A07.015.733 Tunica Media A07.015.733.500 Muscle, ...
The innermost tunic is the tunica intima, which includes the endothelial cells; the next one is the tunica media, or middle ... Now, within endothelial cells of the tunica intima, theres an enzyme called nitric oxide synthase, which uses the amino acid L ... Moreover, the tunica media can contract, causing vasoconstriction, where the lumen gets a lot smaller; or it can relax, or ... Once synthesized, nitric oxide diffuses to adjacent smooth muscle cells in the tunica media, where it binds and activates an ...
Tunica Intima Medicine & Life Sciences 99% * Head and Neck Neoplasms Medicine & Life Sciences 92% ...
A carotid or vertebral artery dissection starts of as a tear in the tunica intima or directly within the tunica media.5 Blood ... 6 The dissection plane can also lie between the tunica media and adventitia, resulting in expansion of the arterial wall and ...
1. Tunica intima (inner, endocardium)*2. Tunica media (middle, myocardium)*3. Tunica adventitia (outer, epicardium) ... Tunica Intima*- endothelial cells rest on thin subendothelium*- internal elastic lamina not usually visible*Tunica Media*- ... Tunica Intima *- very thin*- valves formed by subendothelial CT (not in large veins)*- valves have covering of endothelium. * ... Tunica Intima *Lumenal (inner) layer*Endothelium (simple squam.) contacts blood*Subendothelium (loose CT / some smooth m. cells ...
Tunica intima (the innermost layer). *. Tunica media (the middle layer). *. Tunica adventitia (the outermost layer) ...
Tunica_Intima,modify,27-JUN-08,(null),(null) C12372,Artery,modify,27-JUN-08,(null),(null) C12414,Bladder,modify,27-JUN-08,(null ...
Tunica Intima Medicine & Life Sciences 87% * nicotine Social Sciences 76% * smoking Social Sciences 76% ...
Tunica Intima 9% * Cellular Structures 9% * oxidized low density lipoprotein 9% * Wounds and Injuries 8% ...
The histologic analysis also showed that the thickness of the aortic intima and the ratio of the intima and aortic tunica media ...
Tunica Intima Medicine & Life Sciences 100% * Common Carotid Artery Medicine & Life Sciences 86% ...
Tunica Intima Medicine & Life Sciences 13% * Hyperplasia Medicine & Life Sciences 10% * Protein Isoforms Medicine & Life ...
Intimas, Vascular. Intimas, Venous. Tunica Intima Vasorum. Vascular Intima. Vascular Intimas. Venous Intima. Venous Intimas. ... Intima, Vascular Intimas, Vascular Tunica Intima Vasorum Vascular Intima Vascular Intimas Arterial Intima - Narrower Concept UI ... Arterial Intima. Arterial Intimas. Intima, Arterial. Intima, Vascular. Intima, Venous. Intimas, Arterial. ... Tunica Intima - Preferred Concept UI. M0026599. Scope note. The innermost layer of an artery or vein, made up of one layer of ...
  • The tunica intima, or intima for short, is the innermost tunica (layer) of an artery or vein. (combster.tv)
  • Carotid intima-media wall thickness (IMT) and carotid plaques were measured in the right common carotid artery. (nih.gov)
  • Carotid artery dissection begins as a tear in the tunica intima or directly within the tunica media (possibly originating from the vasa vasorum). (medscape.com)
  • A) Tear and elevation of intima from wall of artery, resulting in luminal stenosis. (medscape.com)
  • Phenylbutazone was able to cause arterial damage, mainly in the tunica intima of the artery in which the medication was administered, with perivascular inflammatory infiltrate and subsequent skin necrosis at the site of administration. (ufrgs.br)
  • The most common clinical detection of atherosclerosis is to measure the intima-media thickness (IMT) of common carotid artery by using ultrasonic imaging. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Sometimes, the dissection plane lies between the tunica media and the tunica adventitia, resulting in an aneurysmal outpouching of the arterial wall that may also become a source of distal emboli. (medscape.com)
  • Tunica Adventitia, T. Media and T. Intima. (epainassist.com)
  • The neoplasm arises from the tunica intima of the aorta and fills the aortic lumen. (avma.org)
  • The aortic tunica intima in young and aging rats. (wikidata.org)
  • C, Tunica externa. (co.ma)
  • Note the fatty deposits, or plaque, that coated the artery's innermost layer, the tunica intima. (cdc.gov)
  • Tunica intima (innermost layer). (3d4medical.com)
  • Arteries generally have a thicker tunica media than veins and mainly rely on this muscle for their transport of blood. (3d4medical.com)
  • Veins have a thinner tunica media, and are less flexible than arteries. (3d4medical.com)
  • In the majority of the veins the tunica intima includes an internal endothelial layer, a middle layer of subendothelial connective tissue, and an outer layer of elastic tissue. (co.ma)
  • Similarly, the intima to media ratio (I:M) of the balloon injured carotid arteries in A1 fed animals (0.77+/-0.07) was higher than in those that consumed A2 (0.57+/-0.04) or whey (0.58+/-0.04), but this did not reach significance. (bris.ac.uk)
  • Abnormalities found included muscularization of pulmonary arterioles, the development of longitudinal muscle in the intima of pulmonary arteries and arterioles, and the formation of muscular tubes lining the longitudinal muscle which extended through arterioles into the precapillaries of the lung. (umsa.bo)
  • Atherosclerosis begins when the cholesterol transport protein enters the wall of the tunica media, whose first layer is the endothelium. (captivate.fm)
  • This paper presents quantitative analysis of blood flow shear stress by measuring the carotid arterial wall shear stress (WSS) and the intima-media thickness (IMT) of experimental rabbits fed with high-fat feedstuff on a weekly basis in order to cause atherosclerosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The right vein is opened throughout in the anterior segment, revealing the orifice of a feeder vein and two venous valves, i.e. flap valves, formed by a duplication of the tunica intima. (boreal.com)
  • Histopathological examination confirmed the vein which was showing destruction of tunica intima as in chronic inflammatory condition. (who.int)
  • Illustration shows stasis of flow in false lumen beneath elevated intima. (medscape.com)
  • Mononuclear cell infiltration of the arterial intima occurs in the absence of C6, but C6 deficiency limits the release of vWF from arterial endothelial cells. (elsevier.com)
  • One of the chief peculiarities of the tunica intima is the presence of folds of its substance which constitute valves. (co.ma)
  • Increased frequency of proangiogenic tunica intima endothelial kinase 2 (Tie2) expressing monocytes in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. (monocyte.eu)
  • Now, within endothelial cells of the tunica intima, there's an enzyme called nitric oxide synthase, which uses the amino acid L-arginine and molecular oxygen to synthesize nitric oxide or NO for short. (osmosis.org)
  • The inner surface of the intima, called the endothelium, is lined with endothelial cells. (healthvigil.com)
  • Proliferation of endothelial cells and fibrosis in the tunica intima narrows and ultimately occludes the blood vessel. (pathwaymedicine.org)
  • Arteries, veins, and capillaries have a tunica intima comprised of endothelial cells (EC), which regulate coagulation, confer selective permeability, and participate in immune cell trafficking ( Herbert and Stainier, 2011 , Potente et al. (issca.us)
  • a middle layer of smooth muscle called the tunica media , and the inner layer lined with endothelial cells called the tunica intima . (enwik.org)
  • The interior is lined with endothelial cells called tunica intima . (enwik.org)
  • and finally, there's the tunica externa, or outside tunic, which is made up of loosely woven fibers of collagen. (osmosis.org)
  • and the outer layer (tunica externa) has connective tissue. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Intimal proliferation (Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4, Figure 5, and Figure 6) is characterized by thickening of the tunica intima of blood vessels, with the normal single-layered intima, beneath the endothelium, expanded into a multilayered cellular lining. (nih.gov)
  • The tunica intima of the cardiovascular system is composed of a layer of endothelium which is invested with a basement membrane lying on top of a thin collagenous meshwork. (pathwaymedicine.org)
  • The inner portion of the tunica intima is called the endothelium. (clinicalanatomy.com)
  • 10 The tunica intima includes the endothelium , a single layer of cells that makes direct contact with the blood. (nordic.com)
  • The tunica intima, the innermost layer, is composed of an inner surface of smooth endothelium that is covered by an outer surface of elastic tissues, which is the most superficial layer. (diverseyyachtclub.org)
  • Carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a subclinical marker of atherosclerosis associated with stroke. (nih.gov)
  • Using a large, community-based sample from Sardinia, Italy (n=5614), this study examined how trait antagonism (low agreeableness) and its facets are associated with carotid artery intima-media thickness, a measure of arterial thickening. (nih.gov)
  • Controlling for demographic and cardiovascular risk factors, low agreeableness and, in particular, low straightforwardness and low compliance, were associated with greater carotid thickening, measured concurrently and prospectively, and with increases in intima-media thickness over 3 years. (nih.gov)
  • Indeed, those in the bottom 10% of agreeableness had a 40% increase in risk for elevated intima-media thickness. (nih.gov)
  • The increased thickness of the intima results from a combination of endothelial hypertrophy, proliferation of smooth muscle cells, and accumulation of glycosaminoglycans. (nih.gov)
  • Variations in carotid artery intima-media thickness during the cardiac" by Spencer Menees, Danna Zhang et al. (childrensmercy.org)
  • Variations in carotid artery intima-media thickness during the cardiac cycle in children. (childrensmercy.org)
  • BACKGROUND: There is paucity of research looking at variations in carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) during the cardiac cycle in children. (childrensmercy.org)
  • Markers of coronary atherosclerosis, including brachial artery flow-mediated dilation, carotid intima-media thickness, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, were measured before GBS and 6, 12, and 24 months after GBS. (omeka.net)
  • Long-term health benefits and costs of measurement of carotid intima-media thickness in prevention of coronary heart disease. (nih.gov)
  • den Ruijter HM, Vaartjes I, Sutton-Tyrrell K, Bots ML, Koffijberg H. Long-term health benefits and costs of measurement of carotid intima-media thickness in prevention of coronary heart disease. (nih.gov)
  • OBJECTIVE: Recently, it was demonstrated that information on carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and plaque may improve coronary heart disease (CHD) risk prediction through reclassification of some individuals to the correct risk category using the Framingham risk score. (nih.gov)
  • Furthermore, we studied the mean intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery in relation to hypertension, smoking, and the HFE genotype in subjects without stroke. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Clinical ultrasound is typically implemented for measuring intima-media thickness, which allows medical experts to be able to determine if they should intervene clinically [ 31 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The primary endpoint was progression of mean distal carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) over 18 months in the modified intention-to-treat population. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Increased thickness of intima-media layers in the distal right common carotid artery. (jamanetwork.com)
  • Atherosclerosis begins to develop when the inner layer of the arterial wall, the tunica intima, gets damaged. (healthvigil.com)
  • The initiating injury in atherosclerosis appears to be deposition of LDL lipid particles and their subsequent oxidation in the tunica intima. (pathwaymedicine.org)
  • Atherosclerosis is a buildup of lipids and fibrous material just under the inner lining of the blood vessel, called the tunica intima . (osmosis.org)
  • use AORTIC ANEURYSM, THORACIC 2008-2022 BX - TAA Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm MH - Aortic Intramural Hematoma UI - D000094666 MN - C14.907.109.70.625 MN - C23.550.414.838.175 MS - An atypical form of AORTIC DISSECTION in which subintimal dissection of the aortic TUNICA MEDIA without initial laceration of the aortic TUNICA INTIMA. (nih.gov)
  • There is a distinct demarcation between the thickened tunica intima and the tunica media (arrows). (nih.gov)
  • The junction between tunica media and the tunica intima (arrows) is distinct. (nih.gov)
  • The line of demarcation between the proliferating tunica intima and the tunica media (arrows) is conspicuous. (nih.gov)
  • These cells express growth factors that promote smooth muscle cel migration from the tunica media into the intima. (nih.gov)
  • Once synthesized, nitric oxide diffuses to adjacent smooth muscle cells in the tunica media, where it binds and activates an enzyme guanylyl cyclase. (osmosis.org)
  • A carotid or vertebral artery dissection starts of as a tear in the tunica intima or directly within the tunica media. (appliedradiology.com)
  • What synthesizes all the ECM in the tunica media? (freezingblue.com)
  • What separates the t. intima and t. media? (freezingblue.com)
  • For example, the myocardium of the heart is a giant expansion of the tunica media, while capillaries do not possess this particular layer at all. (pathwaymedicine.org)
  • The middle layer is called the "tunica media" and is composed by a varying number of elastic fibers and smooth muscle fibers arranged as shown in the image. (clinicalanatomy.com)
  • The tunica media, or middle layer, is made of smooth muscle and elastic connective tissue. (ipsnews.info)
  • The tunica media is the middle layer, and is composed of alternating layers of muscle and structural fibers. (nordic.com)
  • Nitric oxide then travels into the middle (tunica media) of the blood vessel and causes the muscle layer to relax. (nordic.com)
  • As the atherosclerotic plaque grows, vascular smooth muscle cells migrate into the lesion, likely from the tunica media, proliferate, and begin elaborating extracellular matrix. (pathwaymedicine.org)
  • The tunica media also contains various amounts of elastic and collagen fibers. (byui.edu)
  • The tunica media is composed of smooth muscle tissue, but contains few layers. (byui.edu)
  • The tunica media has less smooth muscle in it. (byui.edu)
  • These cells proliferate in the tunica intima and deposit extracellular matrix, leading to thickening of the intima and a reduction in the vascular lumen. (nih.gov)
  • Atherosclerotic plaques appear to begin as "Fatty Streaks" which represent focal accumulations of lipids in the vascular tunica intima. (pathwaymedicine.org)
  • Why LDL particles begin to deposit in the vascular intima is still begin understood, although increased levels of plasma LDL observed as hyperlipidemia clearly contribute. (pathwaymedicine.org)
  • This 3D medical animation shows an artery wall "blocked", or occluded, by a thrombus (stationary) plaque formation.rnrnAs blood cells and other elements flow through the arterial lumen, the interior wall of the blood vessel (tunica intima) tears, allowing cholesterol deposits to form a plaque thrombus within the wall itself. (smartimagebase.com)
  • The excision of the thickened, atheromatous tunica intima of a carotid artery. (uchicago.edu)
  • It is intima that stands between the blood and your artery wall. (healthvigil.com)
  • The innermost tunica intima is composed of an endothelial layer, a connective tissue basement membrane and a slim layer of connective tissue known as the lamina propria. (byui.edu)
  • The inner layer of the blood vessel wall is called tunica intima. (onteenstoday.com)
  • The tunica intima of a deep vein usually has a one-way valve to prevent blood from flowing backward. (proudme.online)
  • The tunica intima does not have an internal elastic membrane. (byui.edu)