Triamcinolone
Triamcinolone Acetonide
Glucocorticoids
Macular Edema
Vitreous Body
Intravitreal Injections
Laser Coagulation
Diabetic Retinopathy
Visual Acuity
Ointment Bases
Retinal Vein Occlusion
Preservatives, Pharmaceutical
Fluocinolone Acetonide
Tomography, Optical Coherence
Receptors, Glucocorticoid
Demeclocycline
Vitrectomy
Tenon Capsule
Fluorescein Angiography
Keloid
Fundus Oculi
Cicatrix, Hypertrophic
Benzyl Alcohol
Treatment Outcome
Receptors, Steroid
Fovea Centralis
Rats, Hairless
Choroidal Neovascularization
Photochemotherapy
Macula Lutea
Macular Degeneration
Adrenal Cortex Hormones
Injections, Epidural
Infusions, Intralesional
Uveitis, Posterior
Retreatment
Erbium
Granuloma, Foreign-Body
Porphyrins
Samarium
Angiogenesis Inhibitors
Microscopy, Acoustic
Prednisolone
Photosensitizing Agents
Propoxycaine
Arthritis, Gouty
Loratadine
Pharmaceutical Vehicles
Follow-Up Studies
Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative
Cortodoxone
Endophthalmitis
Retardation of bone growth in triamcinolone-treated mice. (1/212)
Immature mice were treated for up to 8 weeks with daily doses of triamcinolone diacetate. The epiphyseal cartilage plate and its surrounding bone from the humeral head were studied histologically at regular intervals. Concomitantly, roentgenographic measurements were performed on the humeri in toto. By the tenth injection significant morphological changes were noted in the cartilaginous plate, followed by complete cessation of bone growth. Severe triglyceride accumulation appeared in the experimental livers and humeral bone marrow. Osteoporosis also occurred and became severe from the fifth week of triamcinolone administration. Possible explanations for the above findings are discussed. (+info)Modulation of irritation-induced increase of E-selectin mRNA in vivo by topically applied corticosteroids. (2/212)
There is a continuous need for methods to evaluate the biologic effects of topically applied drugs in the skin. Irritation of the epidermis with sodium dodecyl sulfate leads to an upregulation of E-selectin on endothelial cells and E-selectin mRNA can be detected in vivo within a short time. This study was aimed to investigate whether this biologic response can be used as a read-out for the anti-inflammatory effect of topically administered corticosteroids. We investigated skin of healthy volunteers treated according to the two following experimental protocols: (i) topical application of different corticosteroids (versus basic ointments as controls) for 12 h and irritation with sodium dodecyl sulfate 1% for 4 h; (ii) irritation with sodium dodecyl sulfate 1% for 12 h and application of the corticosteroids for 5 h. The biopsy specimens were subjected to RNA extraction and reverse transcription and competitive reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was performed using defined concentrations of a pre-constructed mimic DNA. As result, we found strong positive signals for wild-type E-selectin mRNA in all biopsies pretreated with basic ointments, whereas in biopsies from areas pretreated with corticosteroids the bands for wild-type E-selectin DNA could be detected at 10-1000 lower levels of mimic DNA concentrations. The reverse experiment, application of corticosteroids after the irritation, again yielded significantly reduced signals for E-selectin mRNA. In both experimental settings, the different strength of the topical corticosteroids used was reflected by significant differences in the amount of E-selectin mRNA found in the biopsies. This study demonstrates the pharmacologic effect of topical corticosteroids on the irritation-induced E-selectin mRNA expression on dermal endothelial cells in vivo using very small tissue samples and this approach may be of value for further pharmaceutical studies. (+info)Common extensor tendon rupture following corticosteroid injection for lateral tendinosis of the elbow. (3/212)
Corticosteroid injections are commonly administered to athletes to relieve symptoms of lateral elbow tendinosis. This report presents a case of almost total rupture of the common extensor origin in a 45 year old female squash player secondary to such a procedure. (+info)Corticosteroids decrease mRNA levels of SERCA pumps, whereas they increase sarcolipin mRNA in the rat diaphragm. (4/212)
1. In order to explore the potential role of the sarcoplasmic-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA)-type pumps and of their modulators phospholamban (PLB) and sarcolipin (SLN) in the functional alterations of the diaphragm induced by corticosteroid treatment, expression of SERCA, PLB and SLN was assessed by RT-PCR in the diaphragm of rats treated daily for 5 days either with triamcinolone (80 mg kg-1, n = 8) or with saline (control; 0.6 ml, n = 8). 2. Triamcinolone treatment reduced the normalised overall amount of all SERCA mRNA in diaphragm by 70 % compared to controls (P < 0.05). This reduction was accounted for by a relatively larger decrease in the SERCA1 mRNA (-69 %, P < 0.05) whilst the decrease in SERCA2 mRNA (-49 %, P = 0.09) did not reach statistical significance. As a result the relative proportion of SERCA2 mRNA was increased from 43 +/- 7 % in control diaphragm to 52 +/- 4 % after triamcinolone treatment (P < 0.05). 3. Only the adult isoform of SERCA1 (i.e. SERCA1a) mRNA was found in the diaphragm of the 15-week-old control rats. Furthermore, triamcinolone treatment resulted in reduced levels of SERCA2a (-40 %, P < 0.05) and increased levels of SLN mRNA (+100 %, P < 0.05), while the decrease in PLB mRNA (-31 %, P = 0.277) did not reach statistical significance. SERCA1b, SERCA2b and SERCA3 mRNA levels fell below the detection limit in the diaphragm of both control and triamcinolone-treated rats. 4. Compared to control diaphragm, control rat heart showed a relatively high PLB/(SERCA1 + SERCA2) mRNA ratio of 7.88 while this ratio amounted only to 0.16 in control extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle. Remarkably, the SLN/(SERCA1 + SERCA2) mRNA ratio in normal cardiac muscle (0.96) was nearly the same as in diaphragm, but in EDL it amounted to only 0.05 that in diaphragm. This indicates the very low expression of SLN in rat EDL. 5. These data reveal that considerable alterations in SERCA mRNA levels accompany the functional changes seen in diaphragm after corticosteroid treatment. The relatively larger decrease in SERCA1 mRNA is in agreement with the selective type II fibre atrophy previously observed in the diaphragm of triamcinolone-treated rats, but the magnitude of SERCA alterations is more pronounced than expected on the basis of the structural changes in the diaphragm. The increase in SLN mRNA levels may represent a compensatory mechanism. (+info)Local anaesthetic injection with and without corticosteroids for subacromial impingement syndrome. (5/212)
Fifty patients with impingement syndrome refractory to long-term conservative treatment were randomized to three treatment groups. All patients received an injection of 10 ml 0.5% bupivacaine, in group 1 without corticosteroid, in group 2 with crystalline corticosteroid and in group 3 with lipoid corticosteroid. Treatment in group 1 had to be stopped because of inefficacy. In groups 2 and 3 favorable results were achieved in 19 out of 40 patients. (+info)Elevated glucocorticoid receptor transactivation and down-regulation of alpha 1 integrin are associated with loss of plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase isoform 1. (6/212)
We have previously shown that inhibition of expression of the plasma membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase isoform 1 in PC6 cells leads to loss of nerve growth factor-mediated neurite extension (Brandt, P.C., Sisken, J.E., Neve, R.L., and Vanaman, T.C. (1996) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93, 13843-13848). Cells lacking plasma membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase 1 did not attach to collagen-coated plates as tightly as controls, suggesting that a defect in adhesion might be underlying the inability to extend neurites. We report here that cell lines lacking plasma membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase 1 do not produce alpha(1) integrin, which is required for both collagen adherence and neurite extension. Because alpha(1) integrin gene transcription can be down-regulated by glucocorticoids, the response of cells to glucocorticoids was investigated. Cortisol-dependent transactivation from the mouse mammary tumor virus promoter in cells lacking plasma membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase 1 was stimulated 145-216-fold over untreated cells compared with 15-26-fold for controls. This increase was not due to increased binding affinity of the receptor for cortisol, an increased number of cortisol-binding sites, or increased translocation of the receptor to the nucleus. Expression of additional glucocorticoid receptor-dependent genes required for neurite extension must also be altered in cells missing the plasma membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase 1 because constitutive expression of alpha(1) integrin did not restore their nerve growth factor-mediated neurite extension capability. The impact of plasma membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase isoform 1 on other signaling systems and the resultant profound yet subtle effects on PC6 cells strongly suggests that it plays an important role in modulating signal transduction pathways downstream of Ca(2+)-mediated signals. (+info)Does wound irrigation with triamcinolone reduce pain after surgery to the lumbar spine? (7/212)
This prospective, randomized study compared postoperative pain scores, morphine consumption and length of stay in 95 adults who underwent elective lumbar spine surgery via a posterior incision. Immediately prior to closure the wound was irrigated with triamcinolone 40, 20 or 0 mg. Visual analogue scale pain scores at 24 h after surgery were median 12 (interquartile range 3-24), 15 (6-34) and 33 (20-59) mm for patients receiving triamcinolone 40, 20 mg or no steroid, respectively (P < 0.0005, Kruskal-Wallis test). Total morphine usage after 24 h was 26 (21-39), 27 (17-43) and 43 (27-73) mg for the same groups (P < 0.001, Kruskal-Wallis test). The proportion of patients discharged from hospital on the first day after surgery was 83.9, 77.4 and 54.8% for patients receiving triamcinolone 40, 20 mg and no steroid, respectively (P < 0.028, chi-squared test). Extra-dural triamcinolone reduces pain after lumbar spine surgery and reduces time to discharge from hospital. (+info)Corticosteroid injection for the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome. (8/212)
OBJECTIVE: To compare low and high dose, and short and long acting corticosteroids in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome. METHODS: A randomised, controlled, single blind trial with electromyographic and subjective outcome measures. RESULTS: 25 mg hydrocortisone is as effective as higher doses or long acting triamcinolone at a six week and six month follow up. CONCLUSION: As low dose steroid is as effective, and potentially less toxic, this should be the recommended dose for injection of carpal tunnel syndrome. (+info)Triamcinolone is a synthetic corticosteroid medication that is used to treat a variety of medical conditions. It is a powerful anti-inflammatory agent that can help reduce swelling, redness, and itching caused by conditions such as allergies, skin disorders, and autoimmune diseases. Triamcinolone is available in various forms, including creams, ointments, injections, and inhalers. It is typically prescribed for conditions such as eczema, psoriasis, contact dermatitis, and allergic reactions. It can also be used to treat respiratory conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Triamcinolone works by suppressing the immune system and reducing inflammation in the affected area. It can also help reduce the production of certain chemicals that contribute to inflammation and swelling. While triamcinolone is generally safe and effective when used as directed, it can cause side effects such as skin thinning, stretch marks, and increased risk of infection. It is important to follow your doctor's instructions carefully and to report any side effects to your healthcare provider.
Triamcinolone acetonide is a synthetic corticosteroid medication that is used to treat a variety of medical conditions. It is a potent anti-inflammatory agent that works by reducing inflammation and suppressing the immune system. Triamcinolone acetonide is available in various forms, including injectable solutions, ointments, creams, and inhalers. It is commonly used to treat conditions such as asthma, allergic reactions, skin disorders, and joint pain. In higher doses, triamcinolone acetonide can have serious side effects, including weight gain, high blood pressure, diabetes, and osteoporosis. It is important to use this medication only as directed by a healthcare provider and to monitor for any potential side effects.
Glucocorticoids are a class of hormones produced by the adrenal gland that regulate glucose metabolism and have anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. They are commonly used in medicine to treat a variety of conditions, including: 1. Inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and asthma 2. Autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis and inflammatory bowel disease 3. Allergies and anaphylaxis 4. Skin conditions such as eczema and psoriasis 5. Cancer treatment to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system 6. Endocrine disorders such as Cushing's syndrome and Addison's disease Glucocorticoids work by binding to specific receptors in cells throughout the body, leading to changes in gene expression and protein synthesis. They can also increase blood sugar levels by stimulating the liver to produce glucose and decreasing the body's sensitivity to insulin. Long-term use of high doses of glucocorticoids can have serious side effects, including weight gain, high blood pressure, osteoporosis, and increased risk of infection.
Macular edema is a medical condition that occurs when there is fluid accumulation in the macula, which is the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, central vision. This fluid accumulation can cause swelling and damage to the macula, leading to vision loss or distortion. Macular edema can be caused by a variety of factors, including diabetes, high blood pressure, retinal vein occlusion, and age-related macular degeneration. It can also be a complication of certain eye surgeries or injuries. Treatment for macular edema depends on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. In some cases, medications such as anti-inflammatory drugs or steroids may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and swelling. Laser therapy or photodynamic therapy may also be used to treat certain types of macular edema. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the fluid and restore vision.
Diabetic Retinopathy is a medical condition that affects the blood vessels in the retina, which is the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. It is a common complication of diabetes mellitus, and it can lead to vision loss if left untreated. Diabetic Retinopathy occurs when high blood sugar levels damage the blood vessels in the retina, causing them to leak or become blocked. This can lead to swelling, bleeding, and the formation of abnormal blood vessels, which can further damage the retina and cause vision loss. There are two main types of diabetic retinopathy: non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy and proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy is the more common type and is characterized by damage to the blood vessels in the retina, but without the formation of new blood vessels. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy is a more advanced form of the disease, and it is characterized by the growth of new blood vessels in the retina, which can cause bleeding and further vision loss. Diabetic Retinopathy is typically diagnosed through a comprehensive eye exam, which may include dilating the pupils to allow for a better view of the retina. Treatment options for Diabetic Retinopathy may include laser therapy, medication, or surgery, depending on the severity of the condition. Early detection and treatment are crucial for preventing vision loss in people with diabetes.
Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is a medical condition that occurs when a vein in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye, becomes blocked or narrowed. This blockage can cause blood to build up and damage the retina, leading to vision loss or even blindness. There are two main types of RVO: central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). CRVO occurs when the main vein that carries blood out of the retina becomes blocked, while BRVO occurs when a smaller vein branch becomes blocked. Symptoms of RVO may include sudden vision loss, floaters (spots or specks that appear in your field of vision), and vision distortion. Treatment options for RVO may include medications, laser therapy, or surgery, depending on the severity and location of the blockage. Early detection and treatment are important to prevent further vision loss.
Fluocinolone acetonide is a synthetic corticosteroid medication that is used to treat a variety of inflammatory skin conditions, such as eczema, psoriasis, and dermatitis. It is available in various forms, including creams, ointments, gels, and solutions, and is applied topically to the affected area of the skin. Fluocinolone acetonide works by reducing inflammation and suppressing the immune system, which helps to reduce redness, swelling, itching, and other symptoms of skin conditions. It is generally considered to be effective in treating mild to moderate cases of these conditions, but it may not be suitable for severe cases or for long-term use. However, fluocinolone acetonide can also have potential side effects, including thinning of the skin, stretch marks, and increased risk of infection. It is important to follow the instructions for use carefully and to consult a healthcare professional if you experience any adverse effects while using this medication.
Receptors, Glucocorticoid are proteins found on the surface of cells in the body that bind to and respond to hormones called glucocorticoids. Glucocorticoids are a type of steroid hormone that are produced by the adrenal gland in response to stress or injury. They play a role in regulating a wide range of physiological processes, including metabolism, immune function, and inflammation. When glucocorticoid hormones bind to their receptors, they trigger a cascade of chemical reactions within the cell that leads to changes in gene expression and cellular function. This allows the body to respond to stress and maintain homeostasis.
Demeclocycline is an antibiotic medication that is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, including acne, urinary tract infections, and respiratory infections. It is a tetracycline antibiotic, which means that it works by inhibiting the growth of bacteria by interfering with their ability to synthesize proteins. Demeclocycline is available in both oral and intravenous forms and is typically taken once or twice a day, depending on the specific infection being treated. It is important to note that demeclocycline can cause side effects, including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and photosensitivity, and should only be used under the guidance of a healthcare professional.
A keloid is a type of scar that forms when the body produces too much collagen in response to an injury or inflammation. Keloids are typically raised, firm, and pink or red in color. They can develop anywhere on the body, but are most common on areas that have been previously injured, such as the face, neck, and upper chest. Keloids can be painful and itchy, and they may also cause discomfort due to their size and location. They can also be cosmetically unappealing, which can affect a person's self-esteem and quality of life. Treatment for keloids may include corticosteroid injections, silicone gel sheets, laser therapy, and surgical excision. However, keloids are prone to recurrence, so it is important to work with a healthcare provider to develop a treatment plan that is tailored to the individual's needs.
A cicatrix, hypertrophic is a scar that has thickened and become raised above the surrounding skin due to an excessive healing response. It is typically caused by an injury or surgery that damages the dermis, the middle layer of the skin, and triggers the production of excess collagen fibers. Cicatrices can be unsightly and may cause discomfort or pain, but they are usually not a cause for concern from a medical standpoint. However, in some cases, a hypertrophic cicatrix may require treatment to reduce its size or improve its appearance. This can be done through various methods, such as corticosteroid injections, silicone gel sheets, or laser therapy.
Benzyl alcohol is a colorless liquid with a sweet, fruity odor. It is a type of alcohol that is derived from benzene, a chemical compound that is found in many plants and is also produced synthetically. In the medical field, benzyl alcohol is used as a preservative in a variety of medications and other products, such as eye drops, nasal sprays, and topical creams. It is also used as a solvent and a fragrance in some products. However, benzyl alcohol can be toxic if ingested in large amounts, and it can cause skin irritation and other adverse reactions in some people. As a result, it is important to use benzyl alcohol-containing products carefully and to follow the instructions on the label.
A chalazion is a common eyelid disorder that occurs when a small, cyst-like structure called a meibomian gland becomes blocked or inflamed. These glands are located along the eyelid margin and produce an oily substance called meibum that helps to keep the eye lubricated and protected from dust and other foreign particles. When a meibomian gland becomes blocked, the gland can become infected and inflamed, leading to the formation of a chalazion. Chalazions are usually painless and may take several weeks to resolve on their own. However, if left untreated, they can become infected and cause discomfort, redness, and swelling. Treatment for chalazions typically involves the use of warm compresses to help soften and break up the blockage in the gland. In some cases, a doctor may need to drain the chalazion or prescribe antibiotics to treat an infection. In rare cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the gland if it is severely damaged or infected.
Receptors, Steroid are proteins found on the surface of cells that bind to and respond to steroid hormones, such as cortisol, estrogen, and testosterone. These hormones are important regulators of various physiological processes, including metabolism, growth and development, and immune function. When a steroid hormone binds to its receptor, it triggers a cascade of events within the cell that leads to changes in gene expression and ultimately alters the cell's behavior. Receptors, Steroid play a critical role in the body's response to hormones and are the target of many drugs used to treat conditions such as diabetes, cancer, and autoimmune diseases.
Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a condition in which new blood vessels grow abnormally in the choroid, a layer of tissue in the eye that supplies blood to the retina. CNV can occur as a result of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a common eye disease that affects the central part of the retina, or as a complication of other eye diseases such as diabetic retinopathy or uveitis. CNV can cause vision loss and is a leading cause of blindness in people over the age of 50. The new blood vessels that form in the choroid can leak fluid and blood into the retina, causing swelling and damage to the delicate tissue. This can lead to a distortion of vision, including blurry or distorted vision, and in severe cases, complete vision loss. Treatment for CNV depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the condition. In some cases, laser therapy or photodynamic therapy may be used to destroy the abnormal blood vessels and prevent further damage to the retina. In other cases, medications such as anti-VEGF drugs may be used to reduce the growth of new blood vessels and slow the progression of the disease. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the abnormal blood vessels or repair the damage to the retina.
Trypan Blue is a dye that is used in medical and research settings to stain cells and tissues. It is a blue-colored dye that is taken up by living cells, but not by dead cells. This makes it useful for identifying and counting live cells in a sample, as well as for staining specific structures within cells, such as the nuclei. Trypan Blue is often used in cell culture experiments to assess the viability of cells, as well as in histology to stain and visualize cells and tissues in tissue sections. It is also used in some types of cancer research to stain and identify cancer cells in tissue samples. Trypan Blue is generally considered to be safe for use in humans and animals, although it can cause skin irritation if it comes into contact with the skin. It is important to handle Trypan Blue with care and to follow proper safety protocols when using it in the laboratory.
Macular degeneration is a medical condition that affects the macula, which is the central part of the retina in the eye responsible for sharp, central vision. There are two main types of macular degeneration: dry and wet. Dry macular degeneration is the most common form and is characterized by the gradual accumulation of small yellow deposits called drusen in the macula. These deposits can cause the retina to thin and the macula to become damaged, leading to a loss of central vision. Wet macular degeneration is less common but more severe. It occurs when abnormal blood vessels grow beneath the retina and leak fluid or blood, causing damage to the macula and leading to a rapid loss of vision. Both forms of macular degeneration can be treated, but the best course of action depends on the severity of the condition and the individual patient's needs. Treatment options may include lifestyle changes, medications, or surgery.
Dexamethasone is a synthetic glucocorticoid hormone that is used in the medical field as an anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, and antipyretic agent. It is a potent corticosteroid that has a wide range of therapeutic applications, including the treatment of allergic reactions, inflammatory diseases, autoimmune disorders, and cancer. Dexamethasone is available in various forms, including tablets, injections, and inhalers, and is used to treat a variety of conditions, such as asthma, COPD, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, multiple sclerosis, and inflammatory bowel disease. It is also used to treat severe cases of COVID-19, as it has been shown to reduce inflammation and improve outcomes in patients with severe illness. However, dexamethasone is a potent drug that can have significant side effects, including weight gain, fluid retention, high blood pressure, increased risk of infection, and mood changes. Therefore, it is typically prescribed only when other treatments have failed or when the potential benefits outweigh the risks.
Adrenal cortex hormones are a group of hormones produced by the adrenal gland's outer layer, the cortex. These hormones play a crucial role in regulating various bodily functions, including metabolism, blood pressure, and the body's response to stress. The adrenal cortex hormones are divided into three main categories based on their chemical structure and function: 1. Glucocorticoids: These hormones, including cortisol, are responsible for regulating metabolism and the body's response to stress. They help the body break down stored carbohydrates and fats to provide energy, and they also suppress the immune system to reduce inflammation. 2. Mineralocorticoids: These hormones, including aldosterone, regulate the body's electrolyte balance and blood pressure. They help the kidneys retain sodium and excrete potassium, which helps maintain proper blood pressure. 3. Androgens: These hormones, including dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), are responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics, such as facial hair and deepening of the voice. They also play a role in the body's response to stress. Adrenal cortex hormones are produced in response to signals from the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, and their levels can be affected by a variety of factors, including stress, illness, and medications. Imbalances in adrenal cortex hormone levels can lead to a range of health problems, including Cushing's syndrome, Addison's disease, and adrenal insufficiency.
Uveitis, posterior, also known as posterior uveitis, is a type of inflammation that affects the posterior segment of the eye, which includes the choroid, retina, and vitreous humor. It is a serious condition that can lead to vision loss if left untreated. Posterior uveitis can be caused by a variety of factors, including infections, autoimmune disorders, and certain medications. Symptoms may include blurred vision, eye pain, sensitivity to light, and floaters in the vision. Diagnosis of posterior uveitis typically involves a comprehensive eye exam, including visual acuity testing, dilated eye exam, and imaging tests such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) or fluorescein angiography. Treatment for posterior uveitis depends on the underlying cause and may include medications such as corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, or biologics. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to treat complications such as retinal detachment or vitreous hemorrhage. Early detection and treatment are crucial for preventing vision loss in patients with posterior uveitis.
Erbium is a chemical element with the symbol Er and atomic number 68. It is a rare earth element that is used in a variety of medical applications, including: 1. Medical imaging: Erbium is used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a contrast agent to enhance the visibility of certain tissues in the body. 2. Cancer treatment: Erbium is used in radiation therapy to treat cancer. It is often combined with other elements, such as yttrium or holmium, to form a radioactive compound that can be targeted to specific areas of the body. 3. Dental applications: Erbium is used in dental procedures, such as tooth whitening and tooth reshaping, to remove stains and reshape the surface of the tooth. 4. Orthopedic applications: Erbium is used in orthopedic procedures, such as bone grafting, to stimulate bone growth and promote healing. Overall, erbium is a versatile element with a range of medical applications that make it an important tool in the field of medicine.
A granuloma, foreign-body is a type of inflammatory response that occurs when the body's immune system reacts to a foreign substance, such as a particle or a piece of material, that has been introduced into the body. The foreign substance is typically surrounded by a layer of white blood cells called macrophages, which engulf and try to break down the foreign substance. This process can lead to the formation of a granuloma, which is a small, hard lump of tissue that contains the foreign substance and the macrophages that are trying to break it down. Granulomas can occur in various parts of the body, including the lungs, liver, and skin, and they can be caused by a variety of factors, including infections, allergies, and exposure to certain chemicals or toxins.
Porphyrins are a group of organic compounds that are essential for the production of hemoglobin, a protein found in red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout the body. Porphyrins are also involved in the metabolism of other substances, such as bile pigments and vitamin B12. In the medical field, porphyrins are often used as diagnostic tools for certain diseases. For example, elevated levels of porphyrins in the blood or urine can be a sign of liver disease, kidney disease, or anemia. Porphyrins can also accumulate in the skin and other tissues in conditions such as porphyria, a group of rare genetic disorders that affect the metabolism of porphyrins. In addition, porphyrins have been studied for their potential therapeutic applications. Some porphyrins have been shown to have anti-cancer properties, while others have been used to treat certain types of infections and to deliver drugs to specific cells in the body.
Samarium is a rare earth element that is used in the medical field as a radioactive tracer in nuclear medicine. It is typically used in the treatment of certain types of cancer, such as bone metastases, by delivering targeted radiation to cancer cells. Samarium is also used in the diagnosis of certain medical conditions, such as bone disorders, by imaging the bones and identifying areas of abnormal activity. Samarium is administered to the patient in the form of a radioactive compound, which is then taken up by the cancer cells or bones and emits radiation that can be detected by medical imaging equipment.
Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid hormone that is used in the medical field to treat a variety of conditions. It is a potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive agent that is commonly used to treat inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and psoriasis. It is also used to treat allergies, asthma, and other respiratory conditions, as well as to reduce swelling and inflammation in the body. In addition, prednisolone is used to treat certain types of cancer, such as lymphoma and leukemia, and to prevent rejection of transplanted organs. It is available in various forms, including tablets, injections, and eye drops, and is typically prescribed by a doctor or other healthcare professional.
Propoxycaine is a local anesthetic medication that is used to numb a specific area of the body during medical procedures or surgeries. It is a type of amide local anesthetic, which means that it works by blocking the transmission of pain signals from nerve endings to the brain. Propoxycaine is commonly used in dental procedures, as well as in other types of surgeries and medical procedures where local anesthesia is needed. It is usually administered as a cream, gel, or solution that is applied directly to the skin or mucous membranes of the affected area. Propoxycaine is a relatively safe and effective medication, but like all anesthetics, it can cause side effects such as nausea, dizziness, and allergic reactions in some people.
Gouty arthritis, also known as gout, is a type of inflammatory arthritis that occurs when uric acid crystals accumulate in the joints, causing inflammation, pain, and swelling. Uric acid is a waste product that is produced when the body breaks down purines, which are found in many foods and drinks. Gout is more common in men than women and is often associated with certain lifestyle factors, such as a diet high in purines, obesity, and excessive alcohol consumption. The first episode of gout usually affects a single joint, most commonly the big toe, but it can also affect the knees, ankles, wrists, fingers, and elbows. Symptoms of gouty arthritis typically include sudden and severe pain, redness, swelling, and warmth in the affected joint. The pain is usually worse at night and can be accompanied by fever, chills, and nausea. Treatment for gouty arthritis typically involves medications to reduce inflammation and pain, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or colchicine. In some cases, corticosteroids may be prescribed. Lifestyle changes, such as a low-purine diet, weight loss, and limiting alcohol consumption, can also help prevent gout attacks.
Loratadine is a medication used to treat allergy symptoms such as runny nose, sneezing, itching, and watery eyes. It belongs to a class of drugs called antihistamines, which work by blocking the action of histamine, a chemical produced by the body in response to an allergen. Loratadine is available over-the-counter (OTC) and is also used to treat seasonal allergies and chronic idiopathic urticaria (hives). It is generally well-tolerated and has fewer side effects than older antihistamines.
Vitreoretinopathy, proliferative refers to a group of eye diseases that affect the retina and the vitreous humor, the clear gel-like substance that fills the inside of the eye. These diseases are characterized by the growth of abnormal blood vessels in the retina or the vitreous humor, which can lead to vision loss, bleeding, and detachment of the retina. Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a specific type of vitreoretinopathy that is characterized by the growth of abnormal blood vessels on the surface of the retina or into the vitreous humor. These blood vessels can cause the retina to detach from the back of the eye, leading to vision loss. PVR is often seen in people with diabetes, retinal detachment, or other eye diseases that damage the retina. Treatment for proliferative vitreoretinopathy may include laser therapy, surgery to remove the abnormal blood vessels, or the use of medications to prevent blood vessel growth. The specific treatment approach will depend on the severity of the disease and the individual patient's needs.
I'm sorry, but I couldn't find any information on a medication called "Cortodoxone" in the medical field. It's possible that you may have misspelled the name of the medication or that it is not a commonly used medication. Can you please provide more information or clarify your question?
Endophthalmitis is a serious medical condition that occurs when the inner part of the eye, called the vitreous humor, becomes infected or inflamed. This can happen as a result of a bacterial, fungal, or viral infection, or it can be caused by a traumatic injury to the eye. Symptoms of endophthalmitis may include severe eye pain, redness, sensitivity to light, and vision loss. If left untreated, endophthalmitis can lead to permanent vision loss or even blindness. Treatment for endophthalmitis typically involves the use of antibiotics or antifungal medications to fight the infection, as well as surgery to remove any infected or damaged tissue from the eye. It is important to seek medical attention immediately if you suspect that you or someone else may have endophthalmitis, as prompt treatment is crucial for preventing permanent damage to the eye.
Triamcinolone
Triamcinolone hexacetonide
Triamcinolone benetonide
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