Toxicity Tests, Acute
Toxicity Tests
Toxicity Tests, Subchronic
Toxicity Tests, Chronic
Toxicity Tests, Subacute
Lethal Dose 50
Morinda
Animal Testing Alternatives
Water Pollutants, Chemical
Daphnia
Skin Irritancy Tests
Amphipoda
An order of mostly marine CRUSTACEA containing more than 5500 species in over 100 families. Like ISOPODA, the other large order in the superorder Peracarida, members are shrimp-like in appearance, have sessile compound eyes, and no carapace. But unlike Isopoda, they possess thoracic gills and their bodies are laterally compressed.
Toxicology
Artemia
Plant Extracts
Preclinical safety evaluation of human gene therapy products. (1/1374)
Human gene therapy products include naked DNA and viral as well as non-viral vectors containing nucleic acids. There is limited experience on the preclinical toxicity studies necessary for the safety evaluation of these products, which have been outlined in several recently released guidelines. Requirements for the preclinical safety evaluation of human gene therapy products are both specific and non-specific. All key preclinical studies should be performed in compliance with Good Laboratory Practices. Non-specific requirements are in fact common to all pharmaceutical products. Critical specific issues to be addressed are: the safety evaluation of the vector and the toxicity of the expressed protein(s), which are the two components of gene therapy products, the quality of the test article, the selection of animal species, and the verification that the administration method successfully transports the gene of interest, with the vector, to the target site(s). The treatment schedule should mimic the intended human therapeutic design. The host's immune response against the gene therapy product has to be evaluated to detect possible adverse effects and immune neutralization by antibodies. The biodistribution of the gene of interest is also essential and can be evaluated by molecular biology techniques, such as PCR. Specific confinement is required for the safe manipulation of viral vectors. (+info)The contribution of acute toxicity in animals to occupational exposure limits of chemical substances. (2/1374)
The correlations of lethal doses of various industrial chemicals for rats and mice with occupational exposure limit values were investigated. 50% lethal dose (LD50) values obtained by oral (p.o.) and intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection and 50% lethal concentration (LC50) values obtained by inhalation exposure were collected from Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). Threshold Limit Value (Time-Weighted Average) (TLVs-TWA) and Threshold Limit Value (Short Term Exposure Limit) (TLVs-STEL) recommended by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) were used as exposure limits. TLVs-TWA or TLVs-STEL and LD50 or LC50 values obtained for the rats were plotted on logarithmic scales on the ordinate and abscissa, respectively. High correlations were obtained between these parameters. The order of correlations was: TLVs-STEL vs. LC50s > TLVs-TWA vs. LC50s > TLVs-TWA vs. LD50s i.p. > TLVs vs. LD50s p.o. The same calculations for the relationship between TLVs and lethal doses in mice were also performed. The order of the three types of correlations was same as that of the rats; however, correlation coefficients for TLVs-STEL vs. LC50s and for TLVs-TWA vs. LC50s obtained in mice were smaller than those in rats. TLVs-TWA are, therefore, well correlated with LC50 values rather than LD50 values, particularly with those in rats. High correlations between TLVs-STEL vs. LC50s were also obtained, as had been expected before calculation. The equation: TLV-TWA = 10b x (LC50)a can be obtained from these plottings, where the values a and b are taken from each linear regression line. TLV-TWA for each chemical can be calculated by using LC50 and the equation. The upper and lower 95% confidence limits for calculated TLV-TWA were TLV-TWA (calculated from LC50) x 22.9 and TLV-TWA (calculated)/22.9, respectively, where LC50 for rats expressed in ppm x hr was used. (+info)The marginalization of hormesis. (3/1374)
Despite the substantial development and publication of highly reproducible toxicological data, the concept of hormetic dose-response relationships was never integrated into the mainstream of toxicological thought. Review of the historical foundations of the interpretation of the bioassay and assessment of competitive theories of dose-response relationships lead to the conclusion that multiple factors contributed to the marginalization of hormesis during the middle and subsequent decades of the 20th Century. These factors include the following: (a) the close association of hormesis with homeopathy, which led to the hostility of modern medicine toward homeopathy, thereby creating a guilt-by-association framework, and the carryover influence of that hostility toward hormesis in the judgements of medically based pharmacologists/toxicologists; (b) the emphasis of high-dose effects linked with a lack of appreciation of the significance of the implications of low-dose stimulatory effects; (c) the lack of an evolution-based mechanism(s) to account for hormetic effects; and (d) lack of appropriate scientific advocates to counter aggressive and intellectually powerful critics of the hormetic perspective. (+info)Chemical hormesis: its historical foundations as a biological hypothesis. (4/1374)
Despite the long history of hormesis-related experimental research, no systematic effort to describe its early history has been undertaken. The present paper attempts to reconstruct and assess the early history of such research and to evaluate how advances in related scientific fields affected the course of hormesis-related research. The purpose of this paper is not only to satisfy this gap in current knowledge but also to provide a foundation for the assessment of how the concept of hormetic dose-response relationships may have affected the nature of the bioassay, especially with respect to hazard assessment practices within a modern risk assessment framework. (+info)Serum vitellogenin levels and reproductive impairment of male Japanese Medaka (Oryzias latipes) exposed to 4-tert-octylphenol. (5/1374)
The induction of synthesis of the "female" yolk precursor protein vitellogenin (VTG) in male fish by estrogenic chemicals in the environment has been demonstrated in many recent reports. However, little is known about the organismal and biological significance of this phenomenon. To examine the relationship between VTG production in male fish and reproductive impairment, adult male medaka were exposed to 4-tert-octylphenol (OP), a known environmental estrogen, in concentrations ranging from 20 to 230 ppb for 21 days, under flow-through conditions. Following exposure, male fish were mated, in the absence of OP, with unexposed females. Breeding groups composed of exposed males and control females produced about 50% fewer eggs than control groups. VTG levels in serum of male fish increased with increasing OP exposure concentration and decreased after OP exposure was discontinued. Nevertheless, significant correlations (p<0.01) were observed between VTG levels in exposed male fish and 1) OP exposure concentrations, 2) percent of fertilized eggs, and 3) survival of embryos. OP-induced VTG synthesis and reproductive impairment appear to be closely linked phenomena. Histological examination indicated spermatogenesis in OP-exposed fish was inhibited, and some exposed fish had oocytes in their testes. Finally, OP caused a significant increase in the number of abnormally developing embryos, suggesting that OP may be genotoxic as well as estrogenic. (+info)Demonstration of the pathogenic effect of point mutated keratin 9 in vivo. (6/1374)
A wild type keratin 9 (K9) cDNA and a point mutated keratin 9 cDNA were injected subcutaneously into mouse skin. The hemagglutinin tag staining of the wild type K9 cDNA injected specimens mainly showed a homogeneous pattern, whereas the point mutated K9 cDNA injected specimens mainly showed a granular pattern in the suprabasal cells. Double staining of K9 and the endogenous keratin revealed the incorporation of de novo synthesized K9 into the keratin network. These results demonstrate that (1) a naked DNA transfection into mouse skin can detect the pathogenic changes of point mutated keratin in vivo and (2) the keratin 9 mutation disrupts the keratin network formation in the suprabasal cells in vivo. (+info)Changes in thyroid gland morphology after acute acrylamide exposure. (7/1374)
High exposure to the acrylamide monomer has been associated with neuropathy and neurotoxic effects. Chronic lower exposure causes endocrine disruption associated with thyroid, testicular, and mammary tumors. To investigate mechanisms of endocrine disruption, short-term, low-level oral dosing studies were conducted. Weanling female Fischer 344 rats were acclimatized for two weeks before dosing. Controls were given distilled water by gavage and rats in other groups were given acrylamide at doses of 2 mg/kg/day and 15 mg/kg/day for 2 or 7 days by gavage. Twenty-four h after the last dose, the rats were killed by decapitation. Trunk blood was collected for hormone analyses and tissues for histopathological examination. There were no toxicity-related deaths, no clinical signs of toxicity, and no significant difference in the mean body weight of animal groups. Histopathological examination of select tissues showed no lesions of pathologic significance. Plasma thyroxine (T4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), prolactin (PRL), and pituitary TSH and PRL analyses did not reveal significant changes between control vs. treated rats. In the 7-day study, however, there was a slight dose-dependent increase in plasma T4 and a slight dose-dependent decrease in plasma TSH. Thyroid gland morphometry showed a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the colloid area and a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the follicular cell height of treated rats as compared to controls. The follicular area shrinkage was similar in both studies. These results show a very early endocrine response to very low levels of toxic insult and opens other venues to further investigate the mechanisms of endocrine disruption by acrylamide. (+info)Effects of acute exposure to PCBs 126 and 153 on anterior pituitary and thyroid hormones and FSH isoforms in adult Sprague Dawley male rats. (8/1374)
3,3'4,4',5-Pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 126) and 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 153) were administered to adult male rats in order to identify sensitive indicators of endocrine disruption. We tested the hypothesis that PCB exposure modifies follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) pituitary isoforms, as well as the pituitary and serum concentrations of FSH, luteinizing hormone (LH), growth hormone, prolactin, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Effects on serum levels of thyroxine (T4) and testosterone (T), and prostate androgen receptor content, were also tested. In one experiment, 5 groups of 8 rats each received two i.p. injections, one day apart, of either corn oil or 6.25, 25, 100 or 400 micrograms/kg/day of PCB 126. Decreases (p < 0.05) in the serum concentrations of T4 and LH started at doses of 25 and 100 micrograms/kg/day, respectively. Serum FSH concentrations were reduced (p = 0.07) in the highest dose group. In contrast, pituitary content of FSH and LH increased with PCB-126 doses (p = 0.004, p = 0.002, respectively). Despite changes in reproductive hormones, PCB-126 had no effect on the androgen receptor content of the prostate. The effect of PCB-126 was tested in the hemicastrated rat, and suggested adverse effects on testosterone secretion. To test the effects of PCB exposure on FSH pituitary isoforms, 4 groups of 10 male rats received two i.p. injections, one day apart, of either corn oil, PCB 153 (25 mg/kg/day), estradiol-17 beta (E2; 20 micrograms/kg/day), or PCB 126 (0.1 mg/kg/day). Serum T4 levels were higher (p < 0.01) in the E2 and PCB 153 groups, and slightly reduced in the PCB 126-treated groups, compared to controls. Simultaneous purification of pituitary FSH and TSH isoforms was performed by HPLC, using two chromatofocusing columns in series. In contrast to TSH isoforms, the distribution of FSH isoforms over the chromatography run differed slightly between treatment groups; the amounts of FSH isoform eluted during the pH gradient were lower (p < 0.05) in E2 and PCB 153-treated rats than in control or PCB 126-treated rats. The similarity between the effects of E2 and PCB 153 on T4 and FSH isoforms supports the contention that PCB 153 possesses estrogenic properties. Serum LH and T4 concentrations were the most sensitive and practical endocrine indicators of PCBs 126 and 153 exposure in male rats. (+info)
Toxicity
"Definition of TOXICITY". "Toxicity Endpoints & Tests". AltTox.org. Archived from the original on October 1, 2018. Retrieved 25 ... Toxicity testing also helps calculate the No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) dose and is helpful for clinical studies. ... Aquatic toxicity testing subjects key indicator species of fish or crustacea to certain concentrations of a substance in their ... The preclinical toxicity testing on various biological systems reveals the species-, organ- and dose-specific toxic effects of ...
Protein toxicity
A creatinine blood test and BUN test are usually performed together along with other blood panels for diagnosis. Treatment ... Symptoms of protein toxicity include unexplained vomiting and loss of appetite. Untreated protein toxicity can lead to serious ... The prevalence of protein toxicity cannot be accurately quantified as there are numerous etiologies from which protein toxicity ... causing them to accumulate in the body and lead to toxicity. Although there are many causes of protein toxicity, this condition ...
Animal testing
There are several different types of acute toxicity tests. The LD50 ("Lethal Dose 50%") test is used to evaluate the toxicity ... Abbott writes that, as of 2005, "the LD50 acute toxicity test ... still accounts for one-third of all animal [toxicity] tests ... toxicology tests, which gauge acute, sub-acute, and chronic toxicity. Acute toxicity is studied by using a rising dose until ... Such tests, which are still conducted in the U.S., involve general toxicity, eye and skin irritancy, phototoxicity (toxicity ...
Timeline of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill (June 2010)
"Toxicity Testing of Dispersants , EPA Response to BP Spill in the Gulf of Mexico , US EPA". Epa.gov. Retrieved 2010-07-01. " ... "Unified Command for the BP Oil Spill , NOAA Conducts Tests to Determine Fate of Whale Found Dead in Gulf of Mexico". ... "EPA's results indicated that none of the eight dispersants tested, including the product in use in the Gulf, displayed ... BP announces plans to have the well testing vessel Toisa Pisces replace the Discoverer Enterprise for bringing oil to the ...
Timeline of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill (August 2010)
"Toxicity Testing of Dispersants , EPA Response to BP Spill in the Gulf of Mexico , US EPA". Epa.gov. Retrieved 2010-08-03. " ... "Comparative Toxicity of Louisiana Sweet Crude Oil (LSC) and Chemically Dispersed LSC to Two Gulf of Mexico Aquatic Test Species ... "EPA Releases Second Phase of Toxicity Testing Data for Eight Oil Dispersants , Restore the Gulf". App.restorethegulf.gov. ... BP exec Doug Suttles says he would eat seafood from the Gulf saying, "There's been a tremendous amount of testing done by NOAA ...
Timeline of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill
"Toxicity Testing of Dispersants , EPA Response to BP Spill in the Gulf of Mexico , US EPA". Epa.gov. Retrieved August 3, 2010 ... Conducting the test would have taken 9-12 hours and $128,000. By canceling the cement test BP paid only $10,000. Crew leaves on ... "EPA Releases Second Phase of Toxicity Testing Data for Eight Oil Dispersants , Restore the Gulf". App.restorethegulf.gov. ... Tests begin on testing well integrity. Salazar issues a new moratorium until November 30 on deepwater wells that use a blowout ...
Joseph F. Holson
"Nonclinical Juvenile Toxicity Testing". In Hood, R.D. (ed.). Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology: A Practical Approach, ... Early in Holson's career, while at NCTR, he led studies that assessed the developmental toxicity of FD&C Red No. 2, an amaranth ... Holson, J. F.; Stump, D. G.; Pearce, L. B.; Watson, R. E.; DeSesso, J. M. (2015-04-01). "Absence of developmental toxicity in a ... Stump, D. G.; Holson, J. F.; Harris, C.; Pearce, L. B.; Watson, R. E.; DeSesso, J. M. (2015-04-01). "Developmental toxicity in ...
Bromobenzene
Animal tests indicate low toxicity. Little is known about chronic effects. For liver toxicity, the 3,4-epoxide are proposed ...
Toxicology testing
... , also known as safety assessment, or toxicity testing, is the process of determining the degree to which a ... Animal testing for cosmetic purposes is currently banned all across the European Union Toxicity tests examine finished products ... Toxicity tests can also be conducted on materials need to be disposed such as sediment to be disposed in marine environment. ... Initial toxicity tests often involve computer modelling (in silico) to predict toxicokenetic pathways or to predict potential ...
Michael Balls
Balls, Michael; Combes, Robert D.; Bhogal, Nirmala (22 March 2012). New Technologies for Toxicity Testing. Springer Science & ... He is best known for his work on laboratory animal welfare and alternatives to animal testing. Balls was born in 1938 in ... "In recognition of his pioneering work in promoting animal welfare and alternatives to animal testing" Marchig Animal Welfare ...
Blood lead level
"Lead Toxicity and Human Health , Bone Lead Testing Facility". labs.icahn.mssm.edu. 21 August 2018. Retrieved 26 April 2019. " ... aware that children testing higher than the reference level are testing higher than 97.5% of all US children. The CDC expects ... "Lead Toxicity What Are the Physiologic Effects of Lead Exposure?". Retrieved 5 February 2016. Aizer, Anna; Currie, Janet; Simon ... An x-ray fluorescence test provides measurements from the bone because lead is predominantly stored in the human body in ...
Classification of Pharmaco-Therapeutic Referrals
Toxicity S 2. Interaction S 3. Allergy S 4. Addiction (dependence) S 5. Other side effects S 6. Contraindication S 7. ... Complementary test for treatment control N 7. Administrative activity N 8. On patient request (fears, doubts, wants). S 0. ...
Fish acute toxicity syndrome
In addition, models and computer systems that predict toxicity are also cost-effective in comparison to running toxicity tests ... This due to the quantity of industrial chemicals with unknown toxicity, for which individual toxicity testing is not realistic ... 96-hour acute toxicity tests data, FATS data and QSARs to create a computer based expert system that predicts chemical toxicity ... polar compounds have exhibited greater toxicity than predicted by baseline toxicity models. This difference in toxicity between ...
A1 broth
Variants of this test has been used for potable water across the globe, for example by the Cree community of Split Lake, ... Toxicity Assessment. 3 (5): 551-564. doi:10.1002/tox.2540030510. Archived from the original on 2012-12-16. Retrieved 2020-09-09 ... "Portable Water-testing Kit: International Development Research Centre". Archived from the original on December 4, 2007. Suan, ... Gently heat until completely dissolved and distribute 9 mL into test tubes with an inverted Durham tube. Sterilize in an ...
Bacteriological water analysis
"Performance Verification Testing; Rapid Toxicity Monitoring and Detection Systems; Overview and Analysis". Washington, DC: US ... An ATP test is the process of rapidly measuring active microorganisms in water through detection adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ... Second generation ATP tests are specifically designed for water, wastewater and industrial applications where, for the most ... Approved CWA Microbiological Test Methods. EPA. October 2002. EPA 821-R-02-026. Hanaor, Dorian A. H.; Sorrell, Charles C. (2014 ...
Mysida
Nimmo, D. R.; Hamaker, T. L. (1982). "Mysids in toxicity testing - a review". Hydrobiologia. 93 (1-2): 171-178. doi:10.1007/ ... Americamysis bahia and Americamysis almyra are frequently used to test for pesticides and other toxic substances, with A. bahia ...
Draize test
The Draize test is an acute toxicity test devised in 1944 by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) toxicologists John H. Draize ... Swanston DW: Eye irritancy testing. In: Balls M, Riddell RJ, Warden AN (Eds). Animals and Alternatives in Toxicity Testing. ... The FDA supports the test, stating that "to date, no single test, or battery of tests, has been accepted by the scientific ... Eye irritation testing. OECD guidelines for testing of chemicals. Test guideline 405, Paris. OECD, 1992. Acute skin irritation ...
Brachydesmus superus
L?kke, Hans; Gestel, Cornelis A. M. van (May 5, 1998). "Handbook of Soil Invertebrate Toxicity Tests". Wiley - via Google Books ...
Monsanto legal cases
Marshall, E. (1983). "The murky world of toxicity testing". Science. 220 (4602): 1130-1132. Bibcode:1983Sci...220.1130M. doi: ... Bowman tested the new seeds, and found that, as he had expected, some were resistant to glyphosate. He intentionally replanted ... "Mass Roundup Settlement Could Test the Limits of Tort Law". Walden Consultants LLC. 2019-05-24. Retrieved 2019-12-18. "Bayer's ... Schneider, Keith "Faking it: The Case against Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories", Amicus Journal, Spring 1983. Novak, Roger A. ( ...
Florence Margaret Durham
Toxicity Tests for Novarseno-benzene (Neosalvarsan). London, Medical Research Council Special Report No. 128 Hurst, C. C. ( ...
Wang Aiping (physician)
Blood and Biochemical Test Manual; Dermal Toxicity Test Standard Operating Manual";"Genetic Toxicology Testing Standard ... For over 20 years, Wang has researched drug and toxicity testing and has experience in new drug development. Since 2001, he has ... Long-Term Toxicity Test Standard Operating Manual; Common Instruments Using Standard Operating Manual; Animal Husbandry ... He has developed test methods, several of which are included in Pharmacology Research Methodology (Peoples Health Press, 2nd ...
Viability assay
High-Throughput Screening Methods in Toxicity Testing. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. pp. 107-127. doi:10.1002/9781118538203.ch5. ISBN ... These techniques can be used to assess the success of cell culture techniques, cryopreservation techniques, the toxicity of ... Wusteman MC, Pegg DE, Robinson MP, Wang LH, Fitch P (February 2002). "Vitrification media: toxicity, permeability, and ... but its test cells are diluted in liquid and then kept in liquid through the examination process. The "tadpoling" method can be ...
Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories
Marshall, Eliot (1983-06-10). "The murky world of toxicity testing" (PDF). Science. 220 (4602): 1130-1132. Bibcode:1983Sci... ... Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories (IBT Labs) was an American industrial product safety testing laboratory. IBT conducted ... In a number of cases, sick test animals were replaced with healthy ones, resulting in invalid test results.[page needed] In ... Broad, William J. (1983-05-22). "Who Tests the Product-Testing Labs?". The New York Times. Retrieved 2012-07-11. Steyer, Robert ...
2,4-DB
It is classified in toxicity class III. It shows some evidence of toxicity to dogs and cats, such as changes in body weight and ... Tests of carcinogenicity in this range yielded differing results. It is moderately toxic to fish. "Extension Toxicology Network ...
Syntex
Marshall, Eliot (1983-06-10). "The murky world of toxicity testing" (PDF). Science. 220 (4602): 1130-1132. Bibcode:1983Sci... ... Merrell, Paul (Winter 1981). "The Industrial Bio-Test Caper" (PDF). NCAP News. 2 (3): 2-4. Archived from the original (PDF) on ... "The Scandal in Chemical Testing". The New York Times. 1983-05-16. Retrieved 2012-07-27. The problem was discovered only by ... naproxen largely led to the Food and Drug Administration's uncovering of extensive scientific misconduct by Industrial Bio-Test ...
Pulmonary toxicity
The correct diagnosis is an exclusion diagnosis and can require some tests. The treatment of pulmonary toxicity due to ... Pulmonary toxicity is the medical name for side effects on the lungs. Although most cases of pulmonary toxicity in medicine are ... Within all classes of medicinal drugs that possibly can lead to pulmonary toxicity as a side effect, most pulmonary toxicity is ... Many medicinal drugs can lead to pulmonary toxicity. A few medicinal drugs can lead to pulmonary toxicity frequently (in ...
Up-and-down procedure
... for toxicology tests in medicine is an alternative to the LD50 test, in which animals are used for acute toxicity testing. It ... Bruce, R (February 1985). "An up-and-down procedure for acute toxicity testing". Fundamental and Applied Toxicology. 5 (1): 151 ... Gaul, Gilbert M. (12 April 2008). "In U.S., Few Alternatives To Testing On Animals". The Washington Post. Dixon, W. J. (1965 ... "Acute Oral Toxicity Up-And-Down-Procedure". US EPA. 2 June 2015. ... v t e (Toxicology tests, All stub articles, Toxicology stubs). ...
Ecover
... continues to use the Daphtox acute toxicity test that observes daphnia behaviour to calculate the EC50 values of their ... to test the effects of its products on aquatic life, plus rabbit blood to test stain removal. Daphnia are not vertebrates and ... Due to the open refusal of owner SC Johnson to abandon its use of animal testing, the Naturewatch Foundation revoked Ecover and ... "Ecover loses green backing over 'animal tests' on a 0.2mm flea". Evening Standard. 11 August 2007. Archived from the original ...
Cnidaria
Blaise, C.; Férard, J-F. (2005). Small-scale Freshwater Toxicity Investigations: Toxicity Test Methods. Springer. p. 398. ISBN ...
Brine shrimp
... has had extensive use as a test organism and in some circumstances is an acceptable alternative to the toxicity testing of ... L. Lewan; M. Anderrson & P. Morales-Gomez (1992). "The use of Artemia salina in toxicity testing". Alternatives to Laboratory ... makes them ideal animals running biological toxicity assays and it has become a model organism used to test the toxicity of ... Some eggs were kept on Earth as experimental controls as part of the tests. Also, as the take-off in a spacecraft involves a ...
Tricholoma terreum
Recent chemical tests show that this species may contain toxins which can cause rhabdomyolysis. However, from more recent ... A Systematic Review and Critical Viewpoints on the Toxicity of Tricholoma equestre, Wiley online library, first published: 25 ...
Bohemic acid
The original studies on the individual components of bohemic acid have tested them all for antitumor activity in mice, upon ... the major site of toxicity being the gastrointestinal tract. Bohemamine has several structural varieties and derivatives, such ...
Scuba set
These gas mixes allow longer dives, better management of the risks of decompression sickness, oxygen toxicity or lack of oxygen ... Open circuit scuba is considered highly reliable if correctly assembled, tested, filled, maintained and used, and the risk of ... Oxygen rebreathers are severely depth limited due to oxygen toxicity risk, which increases with depth, and the available ... rebreather systems limited the depth at which they could be used due to the risk of convulsions caused by acute oxygen toxicity ...
Cortinarius gentilis
An unspecific cell culture toxicity test and a feeding test on mice revealed no toxicity in C. gentilis. List of deadly fungi " ... The toxicity of the Cortinarius orellanus group of mushrooms became apparent in the 1950s. C. gentilis was considered toxic in ... In order to examine the possible toxicity of Finnish C. gentilis mushrooms, the present authors studied 28 samples of this ... Hintikka, Eeva-Liisa (December 9, 2003). "A note on the claimed toxicity of Cortinarius gentilis" (PDF). Funga. Archived (PDF) ...
Neodymium
... compounds, as with all rare-earth metals, are of low to moderate toxicity; however, its toxicity has not been ... Neodymium magnets have been tested for medical uses such as magnetic braces and bone repair, but biocompatibility issues have ... its use is increasingly hampered by regulations by governments due to its radioactive properties as well as its high toxicity. ... J Appl Electrochem 23, 1017-1024 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00266123 Hopp, M., Rogaschewski, S. & Groth, T. Testing the ...
Congestion pricing
A new toxicity charge, known as T-charge was introduced from 23 October 2017. Older and more polluting cars and vans that do ... Hong Kong conducted a pilot test on an electronic congestion pricing system between 1983 and 1985 with positive results. ...
Indinavir
They started to test L-735,524 on animals a couple months later and found that it was safe for animals. Consequently, the ... However, it failed safety assessments because of its toxicity. Seeing that the research on their drug was heading in the ... MacGill M (July 24, 2018). "High bilirubin levels: Meaning, symptoms, and tests". Medical News Today. Retrieved 2018-10-21. ...
Selpercatinib
The most common side effects include changes in laboratory tests (including increased liver enzymes, increased blood sugar, ... Selpercatinib can cause serious side effects including liver toxicity, high blood pressure, heart rhythm changes due to ... Before beginning treatment, the identification of a RET gene alteration must be determined using laboratory testing. ... Participants received selpercatinib until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The US Food and Drug Administration ( ...
Tylosin
Loke ML, Ingerslev F, Halling-Sørensen B, Tjørnelund J (April 2000). "Stability of Tylosin A in manure containing test systems ... Tylosin may increase digitalis blood levels, thus its toxicity, and may be antagonistic to chloramphenicol or lincosamides. ...
Esthesioneuroblastoma
Histological tests such as keratin, CK5/6, S-100 protein or NSE can be run to further differentiate esthesioneuroblastoma from ... while delivering less toxicity to the nervous system. Chemotherapy is used in a multimodality treatment plan generally for more ...
Pemoline
Clinicians were little-aware of liver toxicity with pemoline until the 1990s. Warnings for liver toxicity for pemoline were ... Because of this, the FDA recommended that regular liver tests be performed in those treated with it. Since being introduced, it ... before suddenly developing severe liver toxicity. There was no clear exposure-toxicity relationship, and no characteristic ... Serious liver toxicity with pemoline was first described in the medical literature in 1984 and 1989 letters to the editor. ...
Saksenaea vasiformis
For S. vasiformis, even though exoantigen testing is helpful with positive test, it is rarely used because of the high false- ... The side effect of amphotericin B is renal toxicity, but the chances of side effect can be reduced by administering ... To ease the identification of fungus producing sterile mycelium such as S. vasiformis and A. elegans, exoantigen test has been ... negative rate, requiring confirmation by sporulating morphology with all the negative tests. - see cultural characteristics. ...
Evidence-based Toxicology Collaboration
... speakers presented the concept of EBT as it pertains to decision-making about the utility of new toxicity tests and their ... The need to improve how the performance of toxicological test methods is assessed was the main impetus for translating these ... EBTC scientists are promoting and conducting systematic reviews of toxicological test methods. The EBTC is governed by a Board ... of evidence-based approaches for helping researchers evaluate new laboratory tools and tests for assessing chemical toxicity. ...
Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive
For both paste and bar solders, all of the lead-free solder alternatives had a lower (better) LCA score in toxicity categories ... New testing is capable of detecting much smaller concentrations of environmental toxicants. Researchers are associating these ... This is primarily due to the toxicity of lead, and the amount of lead that leaches from printed wiring board assemblies, as ... The directive requires the manufacturer to demonstrate conformity by the use of test data for all materials or by following a ...
Paleolithic
Urquhart, James (8 August 2007). "Finds test human origins theory". BBC News. Retrieved 20 March 2008. Christopher Boehm (1999 ... decreased their toxicity, and maximised their nutritional value Thermally altered rock (heated stones) are easily identifiable ...
Bumblebee
This discrepancy is likely because the chill-coma temperature was determined by tests done in a laboratory setting. However, ... While most work on neonicotinoid toxicity has looked at honeybees, a study on B. terrestris showed that "field-realistic" ...
Aflatoxin B1
Several aflatoxin B1 toxicity studies have been conducted on various animal species. Acute toxicity The oral LD50 range of ... have been used to test for aflatoxin B1 contamination in foods. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the ... Subacute toxicity Subacute toxicity studies of aflatoxin B1 in animals showed moderate to severe liver damage. In monkeys for ... Subchronic toxicity Subchronic toxicity studies of aflatoxin B1 in fish showed fish to present with preneoplastic lesions, ...
The Age of Pioneers
The Kosmos 57 test vehicle, representing the Voskhod 2 spacecraft, breaks up in flight two weeks before the planned launch and ... Pavel passes out from oxygen toxicity, and Alexei takes control, reaching for the wire. The oxygen causes Alexei to hallucinate ... Ex-WW2 pilot, Pavel Belyayev, and military test pilot Alexei Leonov are called to man the craft, but during a skydive Pavel ...
Pembrolizumab
As of 2017[update], the drug had not been tested in people with active infections (including any HIV, hepatitis B or hepatitis ... Linardou, Helena; Gogas, Helen (July 2016). "Toxicity management of immunotherapy for patients with metastatic melanoma". ... Scientists at the company argued for developing a companion diagnostic and limiting testing of the drug only to patients with ... approved test. The FDA also expanded the intended use for the PD-L1 IHC 22C3 pharmDx kit to include use as a companion ...
Baltimore Lead Paint Study
Lead's toxicity was established as a valid concern that modern medicine in the early half of the 20th century could address ... the researchers measured lead content of homes and took periodic blood tests over a two-year period. If the repairs were ...
History of scuba diving
Fleuss tested his device in 1879 by spending an hour submerged in a water tank, then one week later by diving to a depth of 5.5 ... Oxygen rebreathers are severely depth limited due to oxygen toxicity risk, which increases with depth, and the available ... A similar system was used in 1831 by the American Charles Condert, who died in 1832 while testing his invention in the East ... In 1985, the French nuclear weapons tests at Moruroa in the Pacific Ocean was being contested by environmental protesters led ...
New car smell
Researchers tested more than 200 U.S. vehicles of model years 2011-2012 for chemicals such as organobromine compounds ( ... The researchers observed that the potential toxicity of many of these compounds could pose a danger to human health. The total ... another study showed little toxicity in new car odors. The most common side-effects from new car smell are headaches, sore ...
Milk-alkali syndrome
Several lab test results, such as elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and elevated creatinine, are illustrative of azotemia and ... In the acute phase of milk-alkali syndrome (Cope syndrome), the first symptoms of toxicity are nausea, vomiting, anorexia, ... Other laboratory tests, such as measuring serum bicarbonate, pH, 1,25-OH vitamin D, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) can show ...
Levothyroxine
Repeat thyroid function tests should be done five weeks after the dosage is increased. While a minimal amount of thyroid ... Irizarry, Lisandro (23 April 2010). "Toxicity, Thyroid Hormone". WebMd. Archived from the original on 14 October 2008. ... For people who do switch products, their TSH and free T4 levels should be tested after six weeks to check that they are within ... and tricyclic and tetracyclic antidepressants increase its toxicity. Lithium, though, can cause hyperthyroidism (but most often ...
P-Anisidine
This colorimetric reaction is used to test for the presence of oxidation products in fats and oils, an official method for ... p-Anisidine toxicity "p-Anisidine". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for ... making it particularly useful in food quality testing. p-Anisidine is a relatively toxic compound with a permissible exposure ...
Effects range low and effects range median
In summary, the key links between the compiled studies are the testing of a specific analyte - toxicity assays used are for ... There is no concentration above which toxicity will occur and below which toxicity will not occur. This fact may be overlooked ... NOAA originally calculated ERL/ERMs using existing toxicity data compiled from completed toxicity assays with varying endpoints ... and juvenile survival in sediment toxicity data sets for all organisms for which tests have been conducted. Studies are ...
14-Cinnamoyloxycodeinone
In another paper, Buckett assigns the potency as 177 with a range (depending on animal and test) of ×101 - ×310. It may be of ... Buckett WR (December 1964). "The relationship between analgesic activity, acute toxicity and chemical structure in esters of 14 ...
Herbal medicine
Twenty-four products were tested by DNA barcoding as part of the investigation, with all but five containing DNA that did not ... causing toxicity to the consumer. Herbal remedies can also be dangerously contaminated, and herbal medicines without ... animal testing is not appropriate to indicate human effects, anecdotal evidence is an effective means of proving a substance ...
RNA-targeting small molecule drugs
Much of the current work that has progressed to in vivo testing has been directed to the RNA repeat expansions implicated in ... In 2011, Artero and coworkers discovered that a peptide could reduce the toxicity associated with r(CUG) repeats in Drosophila ... Targaprimir-96 was further tested in cells and in mice, inhibiting tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model of triple negative ... These molecules were only modestly selective and showed unfavorable toxicity levels at relevant therapeutic concentrations. As ...
Oxycodone
Many commercial opiate screening tests cross-react appreciably with oxycodone and its metabolites, but chromatographic ... resulting in polymorphism-dependent alterations in relative analgesia and toxicity. While higher CYP2D6 activity increases the ...
Caffeine Toxicity Workup: Laboratory Studies, Imaging Studies, Other Tests
encoded search term (Caffeine Toxicity) and Caffeine Toxicity What to Read Next on Medscape ... Other Tests. Patients with chest pain, palpitations, tachycardia, or an irregular heart rhythm should be evaluated with an ... Such testing is essential if the patient ingested analgesic medications containing caffeine combined with other drugs (eg, ... EMA Panel Recommends DPD Testing Prior to Fluorouracil Treatment * Cultural Competency and Cancer Survivorship: Humility, ...
Asbestos Toxicity: Clinical Assessment - Tests | Environmental Medicine | ATSDR
Pulmonary function tests.. Other tests and procedures that are sometimes used to diagnose asbestos-associated diseases by ... Screening Pulmonary Function Tests. Screening pulmonary function tests are useful for finding restrictive deficits most ... Pulmonary Function Test Results Associated with Asbestos-related Diseases. Asbestos-Associated Disease. Findings. ... Other tests that can be useful include BAL, lung biopsy, and colon cancer screening. ...
Theophylline Toxicity Workup: Laboratory Studies, Imaging Studies, Other Tests
Order electrolytes and glucose tests to evaluate for the following:. * Hypokalemia (serial testing of serum potassium levels ... encoded search term (Theophylline Toxicity) and Theophylline Toxicity What to Read Next on Medscape ... Theophylline Toxicity Workup. Updated: Aug 31, 2020 * Author: Christopher P Holstege, MD; Chief Editor: Stephen L Thornton, MD ... Other Tests. An electrocardiogram (ECG) is performed to look for evidence of dysrhythmias from electrolyte abnormalities. The ...
Acute Systemic Toxicity Testing
These tests are used to determine if substances need protective packaging, warning labels, and environmental release guides, or ... Learn about alternatives to animal use for these tests. ... Acute systemic toxicity tests are used to assess the toxicity ... Acute Systemic Toxicity Testing. Acute systemic toxicity tests are used to assess the toxicity of chemicals, medical products, ... ICCVAM evaluated the use of cytotoxicity test methods for acute toxicity testing. Read more about the evaluation. Go » ...
ISO/TR 9122-1:1989 - Toxicity testing of fire effluents - Part 1: General
Nano World: Nanoparticle toxicity tests
... Scientists have for the first time compared how toxic several different kinds of ... When scientists test a nanoparticle for its toxicity, often they are not compared with other nanoparticles, or with known toxic ... Citation: Nano World: Nanoparticle toxicity tests (2006, April 5) retrieved 27 May 2023 from https://phys.org/news/2006-04-nano ... Stark and his colleagues tested compounds against human and rodent cells. They discovered the mildly soluble nanoparticles ...
New Shellfish Toxicity Test Could Save Thousands of Mice | Food Safety News
A newly approved shellfish toxicity test is quickly becoming music to the ears of fishery laboratory personnel, as well as the ... The new test has been designed to replace the current industry-standard mouse bioassay toxicity test, which involves blending ... The test is currently only available to completely replace the mouse test for mussel testing and for limited screenings on ... New Shellfish Toxicity Test Could Save Thousands of Mice. By James Andrews on February 10, 2014. ...
Hepatotoxicity and subchronic toxicity tests of Morinda citrifolia (noni) fruit - PubMed
Hepatotoxicity and subchronic toxicity tests of Morinda citrifolia (noni) fruit Brett J West et al. J Toxicol Sci. 2009 Oct. ... Hepatotoxicity and subchronic toxicity tests of Morinda citrifolia (noni) fruit Brett J West, Chen X Su, C Jarakae Jensen ... Prenatal toxicity test of Morinda citrifolia (noni) fruit. West BJ, Su CX, Jensen CJ. West BJ, et al. J Toxicol Sci. 2008 Dec; ... A subchronic oral toxicity test of noni fruit was also performed in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats to provide benchmark data for ...
Hepatotoxicity and subchronic toxicity tests of Morinda citrifolia (noni) fruit - PubMed
Hepatotoxicity and subchronic toxicity tests of Morinda citrifolia (noni) fruit Brett J West et al. J Toxicol Sci. 2009 Oct. ... Hepatotoxicity and subchronic toxicity tests of Morinda citrifolia (noni) fruit Brett J West, Chen X Su, C Jarakae Jensen ... Prenatal toxicity test of Morinda citrifolia (noni) fruit. West BJ, Su CX, Jensen CJ. West BJ, et al. J Toxicol Sci. 2008 Dec; ... A subchronic oral toxicity test of noni fruit was also performed in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats to provide benchmark data for ...
PERFUSED ORGAN PANEL AS AN ANIMAL SURROGATE FOR CHEMICAL TOXICITY TESTING
NIEHS intramural scientists have defined descriptive terms of particular relevance to their own research, and have ranked those terms accordingly. This search feature obtains best-matches with the terms you choose, and shows an overall score based on the scientific rankings.. View our page to search various areas of interest and methodology.. ...
RFA-ES-20-008: New Approaches for Incorporating Genetic Diversity into Toxicity Testing (R43/R44 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)
New Approaches for Incorporating Genetic Diversity into Toxicity Testing (R43/R44 Clinical Trial Not Allowed) RFA-ES-20-008. ... that can better reflect the variability in human populations in chemical toxicity testing. Current toxicology testing is often ... The goal of this FOA is to enhance the capability of introducing genetic diversity in toxicity testing. Development of ... Especially for Phase I, the applicants should propose to test chemicals or compounds for which relevant toxicity data already ...
Toxicity Testing: The Effect of Chemicals on Radish Seeds | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
AID 184523 - Compound was tested for neuronal cell toxicity in cortical neuron cell cultures extracted from fetal rat brains at...
Test No. 453: Combined Chronic Toxicity/Carcinogenicity Studies | READ online
The Test Guideline focuses on the oral route of administration. The period of dosing and duration of the study is normally 12 ... At least three dose levels should be used, in addition to the concurrent control group for both the chronic toxicity phase and ... while for the chronic toxicity phase of the study should contain at least 10 animals of each sex. ... permit the detection of neoplastic effects and a determination of carcinogenic potential as well as the general toxicity. ...
Subjects: Toxicity Tests - Digital Collections - National Library of Medicine Search Results
Immunologic Tests. Mutagenicity Tests. Pediatrics. Pharmacokinetics. Photochemistry. Safety. Toxicity Tests. Humans. United ... Start Over You searched for: Subjects Toxicity Tests ✖Remove constraint Subjects: Toxicity Tests ... Carcinogenicity Tests. Infant. Infant, Newborn. Toxicity Tests. Humans. United States. United States. Department of Health and ... Antineoplastic Agents -- toxicity. Drug Approval. Drug Contamination. Research Design. Toxicity Tests. Humans. United States. ...
Acute Systemic Toxicity Testing
These tests are used to determine if substances need protective packaging, warning labels, and environmental release guides, or ... Learn about alternatives to animal use for these tests. ... Acute systemic toxicity tests are used to assess the toxicity ... Acute Systemic Toxicity Testing. Acute systemic toxicity tests are used to assess the toxicity of chemicals, medical products, ... ICCVAM evaluated the use of cytotoxicity test methods for acute toxicity testing. Read more about the evaluation. Go » ...
DailyMed - IBU- ibuprofen tablet
Fetal Toxicity Inform pregnant women to avoid use of Ibuprofen and other NSAIDs starting at 30 weeks gestation because of the ... Laboratory Tests Because serious GI tract ulcerations and bleeding can occur withoutwarning symptoms, physicians should monitor ... Renal toxicity has also been seen in patients in whom renal prostaglandins have a compensatory role in the maintenance of renal ... Borderline elevations of one or more liver tests may occur in upto 15% of patients taking NSAIDs, including Ibuprofen tablets. ...
Toxicity Tests | Profiles RNS
"Toxicity Tests" by people in this website by year, and whether "Toxicity Tests" was a major or minor topic of these ... An array of tests used to determine the toxicity of a substance to living systems. These include tests on clinical drugs, foods ... "Toxicity Tests" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject ... Below are the most recent publications written about "Toxicity Tests" by people in Profiles. ...
SEURAT-1 - Towards the Replacement of in vivo Repeated Dose Systemic Toxicity Testing
Towards the Replacement of in vivo Repeated Dose Systemic Toxicity Testing ... SEURAT-1 - Towards the Replacement of in vivo Repeated Dose Systemic Toxicity Testing. ... Though in vivo tests give an insight into systemic effects of chemicals, the physiological differences between animals and man ... Animals are traditionally used for hazard identification, safety testing or disease modelling in pharmaceutical, (agro)chemical ...
Digitalis toxicity: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
Digitalis toxicity can be a side effect of digitalis therapy. It may occur when you take too much of the drug at one time. It ... Blood tests should also be done to check for conditions that make this toxicity more common. ... A low level of potassium in the body can increase the risk of digitalis toxicity. Digitalis toxicity may also develop in people ... Digitalis toxicity can be a side effect of digitalis therapy. It may occur when you take too much of the drug at one time. It ...
Results of search for 'su:{Toxicity tests.}'
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WHO HQ Library catalog
An Adaption of Human-Induced Hepatocytes to In Vitro Genetic Toxicity Tests. | Mutagenesis;34(2): 165-171, 2019 05 29. |...
... were tested by the cytokinesis-block micronucleus test and the comet assay. Results from genotoxicity tests showed that the ... An Adaption of Human-Induced Hepatocytes to In Vitro Genetic Toxicity Tests.. Liu, Weiying; Xi, Jing; Cao, Yiyi; You, Xinyue; ... Metabolic activation is essential in standard in vitro genotoxicity test systems. At present, there is a lack of suitable cell ... models that can express the major characteristics of liver function for predicting substance toxicity in humans. Human-induced ...
How To Test For Mold Toxicity
... May 19, 2023. by edi Mold toxicity is a serious health issue that can lead to a range of ... So dont wait - get tested for mold toxicity today! Categories How to Tags mold, toxicity Grass Seed How To: Tips And Tricks ... How to Test for Mold Toxicity. If you suspect that you may be suffering from mold toxicity, there are several different types ... These tests include: 1. Blood Tests. Blood tests can be used to measure the levels of antibodies in the blood that are produced ...
Collaborations Reporting System - Microphysiological Systems for Drug Efficacy and Toxicity Testing
Environmental Factor - March 2019: New toxicity test offers speed, accuracy, savings
A new test directly measures cell survival more quickly and cheaply than other ways of testing toxicity of chemicals and other ... A new test directly measures cell survival more quickly and cheaply than other ways of testing toxicity of chemicals and other ... "This new method solves a major problem in toxicity testing today," said Daniel Shaughnessy, Ph.D., program officer in the NIEHS ... NIEHS grantees from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) developed a new toxicity test that can directly and ...
Topics in Heavy Metal Toxicity | The Environmental Illness Resource Forums
Heavy Metal Toxicity (1/1) - The Environmental Illness Resource Forums - English (United Kingdom) ... A Brazilian experience of the self transglutaminase based test for celiac disease 1 minute ago ... Heavy Metal Toxicity. Hypoglycemia. Lupus. Mold Illness. Restless Legs Syndrome. Seasonal Affective Disorder. Sick Building ...
Sublethal Toxicity Tests of Mercury (Hg) to Nilem Fish (Osteochilus hasselti) Gills Tissue Damage | E3S Web of Conferences
Lethal toxicity concentration data were descriptive and data from sublethal toxicity test were One Way. The analysis showed ... Sublethal Toxicity Tests of Mercury (Hg) to Nilem Fish (Osteochilus hasselti) Gills Tissue Damage. Asrul Sahri Siregar1, Norman ... It was concluded that the value of LC50-96 hours in nilem fish (Osteochilus hasselti) toxicity test was 0,3938 ppm; and damage ... An aquatic organism, which is usually used as toxicity test, is nilem fish (Osteochilus hasselti). The objective of the study ...
Systemic Toxicity TestingAcute systemic toxicityMold toxicityCell toxicityChemicalsDevelopmental toxicity2019AssayAquaticTheophyllineSymptomsHematologicalSubstancesEvaluation2020LethalSprague-DawleySerumSubstancePotassiumExposureAdverseFindingsOrganismCytotoxicity testVitroConcentrationsPopulationsRodentOralEvaluateInvertebratesClinicalStudiesIrregular heart rhythmSpeciesToxic effectsHazardRoutineExtractsPreventionScientistsInvolvesSafetyHealthToxinsSearchPotentiallyDataApproachesUrinePulmonaryCompoundsDrugMiceRiskDetermine
Systemic Toxicity Testing2
Acute systemic toxicity5
- Acute systemic toxicity tests are used to assess the toxicity of chemicals, medical products, and other substances resulting from different types of exposure. (nih.gov)
- A number of international efforts have been directed at identifying non-animal alternatives for in vivo acute systemic toxicity tests. (nih.gov)
- A September 2015 workshop, Alternative Approaches for Identifying Acute Systemic Toxicity: Moving from Research to Regulatory Testing, reviewed the state-of-the-science of non-animal alternatives for this testing and explored ways to facilitate implementation of alternatives. (nih.gov)
- This table provides an outline of the some of the known mechanisms involved in acute systemic toxicity along with prototypical initiators. (nih.gov)
- Acute systemic toxicity data are often used to set a variety of reference values. (nih.gov)
Mold toxicity15
- Mold toxicity is a serious health issue that can lead to a range of symptoms and health problems. (editorialelduende.com)
- If you suspect that you may be suffering from mold toxicity, it is important to get tested as soon as possible. (editorialelduende.com)
- In this article, we will explore how to test for mold toxicity and what you can do if you are diagnosed with this condition. (editorialelduende.com)
- What is Mold Toxicity? (editorialelduende.com)
- Mold toxicity refers to the negative health effects that can result from exposure to mold. (editorialelduende.com)
- If you suspect that you may be suffering from mold toxicity, there are several different types of tests that can be used to diagnose the condition. (editorialelduende.com)
- How can I tell if I have mold toxicity? (editorialelduende.com)
- Symptoms of mold toxicity can include respiratory issues, skin irritation, neurological symptoms, and digestive problems. (editorialelduende.com)
- What are the long-term effects of mold toxicity? (editorialelduende.com)
- What can I do if I am diagnosed with mold toxicity? (editorialelduende.com)
- If you are diagnosed with mold toxicity, there are several steps you can take to improve your health. (editorialelduende.com)
- So don't wait - get tested for mold toxicity today! (editorialelduende.com)
- Mycotoxins suppress the immune system and inactivate white blood cells causing many adverse symptoms, serious health problems, mold toxicity and mycotoxin illness. (keine-ruhe.org)
- Many factors can play a role in mold toxicity from water damage in your home, school or workplace, to indoor humidity levels, genetic susceptibility, and your unique immune function. (keine-ruhe.org)
- Because many signs and symptoms of mold toxicity are invisible to everyone else, it often goes unsuspected until symptoms become disabling. (keine-ruhe.org)
Cell toxicity1
- Geochemical characterization and renal cell toxicity of water-soluble extracts from U.S. Gulf Coast lignite. (ouhsc.edu)
Chemicals5
- Though in vivo tests give an insight into systemic effects of chemicals, the physiological differences between animals and man can undermine extrapolation of animal data to the human system. (seurat-1.eu)
- Some plants contain chemicals that can cause symptoms similar to digitalis toxicity if they are eaten. (medlineplus.gov)
- A new test directly measures cell survival more quickly and cheaply than other ways of testing toxicity of chemicals and other exposures. (nih.gov)
- NIEHS grantees from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) developed a new toxicity test that can directly and accurately measure the impact of chemicals on cell survival in a matter of days. (nih.gov)
- Proposed prioritization strategy for testing of chemicals for acute toxicity. (nih.gov)
Developmental toxicity1
- Human embryonic stem cell proliferation and differentiation as parameters to evaluate developmental toxicity. (ouhsc.edu)
20192
- During January-May 2020, 34% fewer U.S. children had BLL testing compared with those during January-May 2019, with an estimated 9,603 children with elevated BLLs missed. (cdc.gov)
- Compared with testing in 2019, testing during January-May 2020 decreased by 34%, with 480,172 fewer children tested. (cdc.gov)
Assay9
- Because theophylline is a minor metabolite of caffeine, a positive theophylline assay may be helpful in confirming suspected caffeine toxicity. (medscape.com)
- Instead, the new test, called the receptor binding assay for paralytic shellfish poisoning, uses the brain tissue of one rat to test about 200 shellfish samples. (foodsafetynews.com)
- For decades, the gold standard for measuring cell survival has been a test called the colony formation assay. (nih.gov)
- Few people use the colony formation assay anymore because it's difficult, way too slow, and requires huge amounts of cell growth media, so you need a lot of the compound being tested," said Bevin Engelward, Sc.D. , in the press release. (nih.gov)
- In their study, Engelward and her team set out to develop a test as accurate as the traditional assay and as quick as newer methods. (nih.gov)
- When the researchers compared results of the MicroColonyChip with both the traditional colony formation assay and newer, indirect tests, they found their invention performed as well, and in some cases better, than current approaches. (nih.gov)
- For example, when measuring cell survival after exposure to radiation, the MicroColonyChip was several times more sensitive than a popular cytotoxicity test called the XTT assay. (nih.gov)
- During Phase II of testing, the assay is optimized, validated, and miniaturized into a 1536-well plate format, followed by the robotic validation. (nih.gov)
- This format was applied in a 48 h Daphnia magna immobilisation assay to test the toxicity of a range of PAHs at their aqueous solubility. (uantwerpen.be)
Aquatic7
- To know the influence of mercury's toxic against aquatic organisms by using toxicity test. (e3s-conferences.org)
- An aquatic organism, which is usually used as toxicity test, is nilem fish ( Osteochilus hasselti ). (e3s-conferences.org)
- The acute fish toxicity test is used to assess the potential risk of substances to aquatic organisms. (toxstrategies.com)
- While the substance did meet the ecological categorization criteria for inherent toxicity to aquatic organisms, it did not meet the criteria for persistence or bioaccumulation. (gc.ca)
- The risk assessment of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) in aquatic toxicity or bioconcentration tests is a challenge due to their low aqueous solubilities, sorption and losses leading to poorly defined exposure and reduced test sensitivity. (uantwerpen.be)
- This study characterised the performance of a passive dosing format for aquatic tests with small organism such as invertebrates and algae, consisting of PDMS silicone cast into the base of the glass test vessel. (uantwerpen.be)
- Therefore, passive dosing is a practical and economical means of improving the exposure of HOCs in aquatic toxicity or bioconcentration tests. (uantwerpen.be)
Theophylline5
- Patients with severe caffeine toxicity have had serum theophylline concentrations in the therapeutic range (10-20 mg/L). (medscape.com)
- Theophylline capsules can form bezoars, resulting in ongoing absorption and toxicity despite gastrointestinal decontamination. (medscape.com)
- Fisher J, Graudins A. Intermittent haemodialysis and sustained low-efficiency dialysis (SLED) for acute theophylline toxicity. (medscape.com)
- Seneff M, Scott J, Friedman B, Smith M. Acute theophylline toxicity and the use of esmolol to reverse cardiovascular instability. (medscape.com)
- Kearney TE, Manoguerra AS, Curtis GP, Ziegler MG. Theophylline toxicity and the beta-adrenergic system. (medscape.com)
Symptoms4
- The following laboratory studies are indicated in patients with moderate-to-severe symptoms of caffeine toxicity (ie, hemodynamic instability, dysrhythmias, seizures, altered mental status). (medscape.com)
- Call your provider if you are taking a digitalis medicine and you have symptoms of toxicity. (medlineplus.gov)
- These tests can help to determine whether you are allergic to mold and whether your symptoms are related to mold exposure. (editorialelduende.com)
- If you are experiencing any of these symptoms and suspect that you may have been exposed to mold, it is important to get tested. (editorialelduende.com)
Hematological1
- There were no histopathological changes or evidence of dose-responses in hematological and clinical chemistry measurements, including liver function tests. (nih.gov)
Substances1
- These tests are used to determine if substances need protective packaging, warning labels, and environmental release guides, or if protective equipment may be required for handling. (nih.gov)
Evaluation3
- Designed to provide essential information to all those involved with the evaluation of the toxicity of fire effluents not only in the development of meaningful test procedures but also in their use for mitigating hazards. (iso.org)
- Genetic Toxicity Evaluation of Dipropylene Glycol in Salmonella/E.coli Mutagenicity Test or Ames Test. (nih.gov)
- Home » Chemical Effects in Biological Systems (CEBS) » Genetic Toxicity Evaluation of Dipropylene Glycol in Salmonella/E.coli Mutagenicity Test or Ames Test. (nih.gov)
20201
- Despite geographic variability, all health departments reported fewer children tested for BLL after the national COVID-19 emergency declaration (March-May 2020). (cdc.gov)
Lethal3
- Participants can use more concentrated stock solutions to test concentrations that determine the range for lethal, sub-lethal, or no effect. (nih.gov)
- Lethal toxicity concentration data were descriptive and data from sublethal toxicity test were One Way. (e3s-conferences.org)
- Lethal concentration 50% (LC50) values and experimental details were extracted and curated from 762 acute fish toxicity studies submitted to EPA for pesticide registrations. (toxstrategies.com)
Sprague-Dawley1
- A subchronic oral toxicity test of noni fruit was also performed in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats to provide benchmark data for understanding the safety of noni juice, without the potential confounding variables associated with many commercial noni juice products. (nih.gov)
Serum1
- A serum pregnancy test is indicated in all women of childbearing age. (medscape.com)
Substance2
- An array of tests used to determine the toxicity of a substance to living systems. (ouhsc.edu)
- At present, there is a lack of suitable cell models that can express the major characteristics of liver function for predicting substance toxicity in humans . (bvsalud.org)
Potassium1
- A low level of potassium in the body can increase the risk of digitalis toxicity. (medlineplus.gov)
Exposure4
- A Comparison of Rodent and Nonrodent Laryngeal and Tracheal Bifurcation Sensitivities in Inhalation Toxicity Studies and Their Relevance for Human Exposure. (ouhsc.edu)
- Blood tests can be used to measure the levels of antibodies in the blood that are produced in response to mold exposure. (editorialelduende.com)
- This new method solves a major problem in toxicity testing today," said Daniel Shaughnessy, Ph.D. , program officer in the NIEHS Exposure, Response, and Technology Branch. (nih.gov)
- CDC and other health care organizations recommend routine blood lead level (BLL) testing among children as part of well-child examinations to facilitate prompt identification of elevated BLL, eliminate source exposure, and provide medical and other services ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
Adverse1
- They also noted the importance of understanding the mechanisms of acute toxicity, which could be facilitated by the development of adverse outcome pathways. (nih.gov)
Findings2
- An increased anion gap (resulting from lactic acidosis) and hyperglycemia are also common findings in severe toxicity. (medscape.com)
- Describe pulmonary function test findings associated with asbestosis. (cdc.gov)
Organism1
- These can include panels of human cells or cell lines, rodent panels, including cell lines generated from rodent diversity panels, lower organism strains with well-characterized genetic backgrounds, or in silico approaches to enhance the ability to characterize the effects of genetic variation in toxicity testing. (nih.gov)
Cytotoxicity test2
Vitro4
- To more fully evaluate the hepatotoxic potential of noni fruit juice, in vitro hepatotoxicity tests were conducted in human liver cells, HepG2 cell line. (nih.gov)
- An Adaption of Human-Induced Hepatocytes to In Vitro Genetic Toxicity Tests. (bvsalud.org)
- Metabolic activation is essential in standard in vitro genotoxicity test systems. (bvsalud.org)
- Resources identified as necessary for meaningful progress in implementing alternatives included compiling and making available high-quality reference data, training on use and interpretation of in vitro and in silico approaches, and global harmonization of testing requirements. (nih.gov)
Concentrations1
- Measure total creatine kinase (CK) concentrations to check for rhabdomyolysis, which is occasionally associated with severe caffeine toxicity. (medscape.com)
Populations1
- This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) supports Phase I (R43), Direct to Phase II (R44), and Fast Track (R44) Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) grant applications from small businesses concerns (SBCs) to develop resources and approaches, including panels of cells or model organisms, that can better reflect the variability in human populations in chemical toxicity testing. (nih.gov)
Rodent2
- Stark and his colleagues tested compounds against human and rodent cells. (phys.org)
- Current toxicology testing is often limited to studies conducted in a small number of laboratory rodent strains, which can fail to identify clinically relevant toxicity if the conventional rodent strain is particularly resistant to the toxic effects of the test compound. (nih.gov)
Oral3
Evaluate1
- The ECG should also be used to evaluate for the signs of other cardioactive drug toxicity, especially in cases of suicidal overdose. (medscape.com)
Invertebrates1
- Cigarette butts may have low toxicity to soil-dwelling invertebrates: Evidence from a land snail. (ouhsc.edu)
Clinical2
Studies1
- Thyroid studies should be considered because thyrotoxicosis can mimic caffeine toxicity. (medscape.com)
Irregular heart rhythm1
- How well a person does depends on the severity of the toxicity and if it has caused an irregular heart rhythm. (medlineplus.gov)
Species4
- The toxins come from algae and can be found in mussels, oysters, lobsters, crabs and even salmon, as well as other seafood species off the northern coasts of the U.S. So far, California is the only state that has agreed to switch over to the new test since it was approved by the Interstate Shellfish Sanitation Conference, Clippinger said, but others are likely on the way. (foodsafetynews.com)
- In the United States (U.S.), the test is typically conducted in three different fish species: a cold and a warm freshwater species and a marine/estuarine species. (toxstrategies.com)
- We conducted a retrospective analysis of data submitted to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to support pesticide registrations to determine whether reducing the number of species tested would impact the ability of pesticide risk assessments to identify and characterize potential risks to fish. (toxstrategies.com)
- Data were analyzed to determine any trends among species in terms of relative differences in acute toxicity LC50 values. (toxstrategies.com)
Toxic effects1
- This guidance document addresses the approach to be taken for providing information on potential toxic effects, indicate target organs of toxicity and the possibility of accumulation, and to provide an estimate of a no-observed-effect level (NOAEL) of feed ingredients. (iccffeed.org)
Hazard1
- Animals are traditionally used for hazard identification, safety testing or disease modelling in pharmaceutical, (agro)chemical, food and environmental industry laboratories. (seurat-1.eu)
Routine1
- Routine testing can detect elevated BLLs. (cdc.gov)
Extracts1
- Skin tests involve injecting small amounts of mold extracts into the skin to see if an allergic reaction occurs. (editorialelduende.com)
Prevention1
- CDC funds 53 state and local childhood lead poisoning prevention programs to conduct ongoing surveillance of BLL testing among children. (cdc.gov)
Scientists2
Involves1
- The new test has been designed to replace the current industry-standard mouse bioassay toxicity test, which involves blending up samples of shellfish and injecting the mixture into the abdomens of live mice. (foodsafetynews.com)
Safety2
- The people in California are very excited and want to start using the new test right away," Clippinger told Food Safety News . (foodsafetynews.com)
- Regulatory statutes governing systemic toxicity data at the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission. (nih.gov)
Health1
- Providers and public health agencies need to take action to ensure that children who missed their scheduled blood lead screening test, or who required follow-up on an earlier high BLL, be tested as soon as possible and receive appropriate care. (cdc.gov)
Toxins2
- That means U.S. state fishery labs testing for shellfish toxins now have a more accurate and less expensive test that could save tens of thousands of mice a year, according to Amy Clippinger, science advisor for the PETA International Science Consortium. (foodsafetynews.com)
- Eight coastal state fisheries test for these paralytic shellfish toxins, which can cause a number of ailments, including facial paralysis, hypotension, vomiting and cardiovascular shock. (foodsafetynews.com)
Search1
- Results of search for 'su:{Toxicity tests. (who.int)
Potentially1
- Therefore, three separate acute fish toxicity tests are conducted for a single chemical, with each test potentially requiring 200 or more fish per chemical. (toxstrategies.com)
Data2
- Once fisheries amass enough screening data on clams and scallops, the test will be approved to replace the mouse test on those commodities as well. (foodsafetynews.com)
- Regulatory statutes governing systemic toxicity data. (nih.gov)
Approaches1
- Workshop breakout groups explored different approaches to reducing or replacing animal use for acute toxicity testing, with each group crafting a roadmap and strategy to accomplish near-term progress. (nih.gov)
Urine2
- Standard urine drug tests usually cannot detect ecstasy or methamphetamines. (medscape.com)
- Urine tests can be used to measure the levels of mycotoxins in the body. (editorialelduende.com)
Pulmonary4
- Pulmonary function tests. (cdc.gov)
- Screening pulmonary function tests are useful for finding restrictive deficits most commonly associated with asbestosis (see table). (cdc.gov)
- Some sources report abnormal pulmonary function tests in 50% to 60% of patients with asbestosis [Ross 2003]. (cdc.gov)
- The pulmonologist may recommend more extensive pulmonary function tests. (cdc.gov)
Compounds1
- Naphthalene and phenanthrene showed full toxicity at aqueous solubility, and passive dosing was also used for the concentrationresponse testing of these compounds. (uantwerpen.be)
Drug2
- A lower tolerance to the drug can also cause digitalis toxicity. (medlineplus.gov)
- The researchers say the test could be used for a wide variety of applications, such as drug development, environmental regulation, and personalized medicine. (nih.gov)
Mice1
- A newly approved shellfish toxicity test is quickly becoming music to the ears of fishery laboratory personnel, as well as the tens of thousands of mice whose lives the new test aims to save each year. (foodsafetynews.com)
Risk1
- They may develop digitalis toxicity if they have other risk factors. (medlineplus.gov)
Determine1
- These tests can help to determine whether you have been exposed to mold and whether your body is producing an immune response to the mold. (editorialelduende.com)