Drosophila
Drosophila Proteins
Homeodomain Proteins
Blastoderm
Genes, Homeobox
Fushi Tarazu Transcription Factors
Embryo, Nonmammalian
Transcription Factors
Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
Inflorescence
Body Patterning
Enamel Organ
Repressor Proteins
Tail
Insect Hormones
Animals, Genetically Modified
Gastrulation
In Situ Hybridization
DNA-Binding Proteins
Zebrafish
Mutation
Molecular Sequence Data
Gastrula
Mesoderm
Base Sequence
Enhancer Elements, Genetic
Wnt1 Protein
Amino Acid Sequence
Central Nervous System
Morphogenesis
Gene Expression Regulation
Binding Sites
TATA-Box Binding Protein
Zebrafish Proteins
Cell Lineage
DNA
Phenotype
Models, Genetic
Promoter Regions, Genetic
Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Recombinant Fusion Proteins
Cloning, Molecular
Evolution, Molecular
Nuclear Proteins
Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
Immunohistochemistry
"Drosophila" is a genus of small flies, also known as fruit flies. The most common species used in scientific research is "Drosophila melanogaster," which has been a valuable model organism for many areas of biological and medical research, including genetics, developmental biology, neurobiology, and aging.
The use of Drosophila as a model organism has led to numerous important discoveries in genetics and molecular biology, such as the identification of genes that are associated with human diseases like cancer, Parkinson's disease, and obesity. The short reproductive cycle, large number of offspring, and ease of genetic manipulation make Drosophila a powerful tool for studying complex biological processes.
'Drosophila proteins' refer to the proteins that are expressed in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. This organism is a widely used model system in genetics, developmental biology, and molecular biology research. The study of Drosophila proteins has contributed significantly to our understanding of various biological processes, including gene regulation, cell signaling, development, and aging.
Some examples of well-studied Drosophila proteins include:
1. HSP70 (Heat Shock Protein 70): A chaperone protein involved in protein folding and protection from stress conditions.
2. TUBULIN: A structural protein that forms microtubules, important for cell division and intracellular transport.
3. ACTIN: A cytoskeletal protein involved in muscle contraction, cell motility, and maintenance of cell shape.
4. BETA-GALACTOSIDASE (LACZ): A reporter protein often used to monitor gene expression patterns in transgenic flies.
5. ENDOGLIN: A protein involved in the development of blood vessels during embryogenesis.
6. P53: A tumor suppressor protein that plays a crucial role in preventing cancer by regulating cell growth and division.
7. JUN-KINASE (JNK): A signaling protein involved in stress response, apoptosis, and developmental processes.
8. DECAPENTAPLEGIC (DPP): A member of the TGF-β (Transforming Growth Factor Beta) superfamily, playing essential roles in embryonic development and tissue homeostasis.
These proteins are often studied using various techniques such as biochemistry, genetics, molecular biology, and structural biology to understand their functions, interactions, and regulation within the cell.
Homeodomain proteins are a group of transcription factors that play crucial roles in the development and differentiation of cells in animals and plants. They are characterized by the presence of a highly conserved DNA-binding domain called the homeodomain, which is typically about 60 amino acids long. The homeodomain consists of three helices, with the third helix responsible for recognizing and binding to specific DNA sequences.
Homeodomain proteins are involved in regulating gene expression during embryonic development, tissue maintenance, and organismal growth. They can act as activators or repressors of transcription, depending on the context and the presence of cofactors. Mutations in homeodomain proteins have been associated with various human diseases, including cancer, congenital abnormalities, and neurological disorders.
Some examples of homeodomain proteins include PAX6, which is essential for eye development, HOX genes, which are involved in body patterning, and NANOG, which plays a role in maintaining pluripotency in stem cells.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Holidays" is a term that generally refers to days of celebration or observance that are often recognized by society, cultures, or religions. It does not have a specific medical definition. If you have any medical concerns or questions, I would be happy to try and help answer those for you.
The blastoderm is the layer of cells that forms on the surface of a developing embryo, during the blastula stage of embryonic development. In mammals, this layer of cells is also known as the epiblast. The blastoderm is responsible for giving rise to all of the tissues and organs of the developing organism. It is formed by the cleavage of the fertilized egg, or zygote, and is typically a single layer of cells that surrounds a fluid-filled cavity called the blastocoel. The blastoderm plays a critical role in the early stages of embryonic development, and any disruptions to its formation or function can lead to developmental abnormalities or death of the embryo.
Homeobox genes are a specific class of genes that play a crucial role in the development and regulation of an organism's body plan. They encode transcription factors, which are proteins that regulate the expression of other genes. The homeobox region within these genes contains a highly conserved sequence of about 180 base pairs that encodes a DNA-binding domain called the homeodomain. This domain is responsible for recognizing and binding to specific DNA sequences, thereby controlling the transcription of target genes.
Homeobox genes are particularly important during embryonic development, where they help establish the anterior-posterior axis and regulate the development of various organs and body segments. They also play a role in maintaining adult tissue homeostasis and have been implicated in certain diseases, including cancer. Mutations in homeobox genes can lead to developmental abnormalities and congenital disorders.
Some examples of homeobox gene families include HOX genes, PAX genes, and NKX genes, among others. These genes are highly conserved across species, indicating their fundamental role in the development and regulation of body plans throughout the animal kingdom.
Fushi Tarazu (FTZ) transcription factors are a family of proteins that regulate gene expression during development in various organisms, including insects and mammals. The name "Fushi Tarazu" comes from the phenotype observed in Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) mutants, which have segmentation defects resembling a "broken rosary bead" or "incomplete abdomen."
FTZ transcription factors contain a zinc finger DNA-binding domain and are involved in the regulation of homeotic genes, which control body pattern formation during development. They play crucial roles in establishing and maintaining proper segmentation and regional identity along the anterior-posterior axis of the organism. In mammals, FTZ transcription factors have been implicated in various processes, including neurogenesis, adipogenesis, and energy metabolism.
A nonmammalian embryo refers to the developing organism in animals other than mammals, from the fertilized egg (zygote) stage until hatching or birth. In nonmammalian species, the developmental stages and terminology differ from those used in mammals. The term "embryo" is generally applied to the developing organism up until a specific stage of development that is characterized by the formation of major organs and structures. After this point, the developing organism is referred to as a "larva," "juvenile," or other species-specific terminology.
The study of nonmammalian embryos has played an important role in our understanding of developmental biology and evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo). By comparing the developmental processes across different animal groups, researchers can gain insights into the evolutionary origins and diversification of body plans and structures. Additionally, nonmammalian embryos are often used as model systems for studying basic biological processes, such as cell division, gene regulation, and pattern formation.
Transcription factors are proteins that play a crucial role in regulating gene expression by controlling the transcription of DNA to messenger RNA (mRNA). They function by binding to specific DNA sequences, known as response elements, located in the promoter region or enhancer regions of target genes. This binding can either activate or repress the initiation of transcription, depending on the properties and interactions of the particular transcription factor. Transcription factors often act as part of a complex network of regulatory proteins that determine the precise spatiotemporal patterns of gene expression during development, differentiation, and homeostasis in an organism.
Developmental gene expression regulation refers to the processes that control the activation or repression of specific genes during embryonic and fetal development. These regulatory mechanisms ensure that genes are expressed at the right time, in the right cells, and at appropriate levels to guide proper growth, differentiation, and morphogenesis of an organism.
Developmental gene expression regulation is a complex and dynamic process involving various molecular players, such as transcription factors, chromatin modifiers, non-coding RNAs, and signaling molecules. These regulators can interact with cis-regulatory elements, like enhancers and promoters, to fine-tune the spatiotemporal patterns of gene expression during development.
Dysregulation of developmental gene expression can lead to various congenital disorders and developmental abnormalities. Therefore, understanding the principles and mechanisms governing developmental gene expression regulation is crucial for uncovering the etiology of developmental diseases and devising potential therapeutic strategies.
Inflorescence is a term used in the field of botany, which includes the study of plants. However, I understand that you are asking for a medical definition. In the context of medicine, specifically in pathology, inflorescence may refer to the arrangement or growth pattern of lesions or neoplasms (abnormal growths) in a particular area of the body.
To provide a precise medical definition, I would need more context about how the term is being used. Nonetheless, based on the botanical definition, inflorescence refers to the cluster or arrangement of flowers on a stem or branch. It can take various forms, such as spikes, racemes, panicles, umbels, and corymbs, depending on the pattern in which flowers are arranged.
"Body patterning" is a general term that refers to the process of forming and organizing various tissues and structures into specific patterns during embryonic development. This complex process involves a variety of molecular mechanisms, including gene expression, cell signaling, and cell-cell interactions. It results in the creation of distinct body regions, such as the head, trunk, and limbs, as well as the organization of internal organs and systems.
In medical terminology, "body patterning" may refer to specific developmental processes or abnormalities related to embryonic development. For example, in genetic disorders such as Poland syndrome or Holt-Oram syndrome, mutations in certain genes can lead to abnormal body patterning, resulting in the absence or underdevelopment of certain muscles, bones, or other structures.
It's important to note that "body patterning" is not a formal medical term with a specific definition, but rather a general concept used in developmental biology and genetics.
The enamel organ is a structure found in the developing teeth of vertebrates. It is responsible for the formation of enamel, which is the hard, outermost layer of the tooth crown. The enamel organ is derived from the dental papilla and is composed of several layers: the outer enamel epithelium, the stellate reticulum, the stratum intermedium, and the inner enamel epithelium. These layers work together to produce the enamel matrix, which is then mineralized to form the hard tissue that covers the tooth's crown. The enamel organ disappears after the formation of enamel is complete, leaving only the hardened enamel layer behind.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Insect Proteins" is not a recognized medical term. However, I can provide some information about insect protein from a nutritional and food science perspective.
Insect proteins refer to the proteins that are obtained from insects. Insects are a rich source of protein, and their protein content varies by species. For example, mealworms and crickets have been found to contain approximately 47-63% and 60-72% protein by dry weight, respectively.
In recent years, insect proteins have gained attention as a potential sustainable source of nutrition due to their high protein content, low environmental impact, and the ability to convert feed into protein more efficiently compared to traditional livestock. Insect proteins can be used in various applications such as food and feed additives, nutritional supplements, and even cosmetics.
However, it's important to note that the use of insect proteins in human food is not widely accepted in many Western countries due to cultural and regulatory barriers. Nonetheless, research and development efforts continue to explore the potential benefits and applications of insect proteins in the global food system.
Repressor proteins are a type of regulatory protein in molecular biology that suppress the transcription of specific genes into messenger RNA (mRNA) by binding to DNA. They function as part of gene regulation processes, often working in conjunction with an operator region and a promoter region within the DNA molecule. Repressor proteins can be activated or deactivated by various signals, allowing for precise control over gene expression in response to changing cellular conditions.
There are two main types of repressor proteins:
1. DNA-binding repressors: These directly bind to specific DNA sequences (operator regions) near the target gene and prevent RNA polymerase from transcribing the gene into mRNA.
2. Allosteric repressors: These bind to effector molecules, which then cause a conformational change in the repressor protein, enabling it to bind to DNA and inhibit transcription.
Repressor proteins play crucial roles in various biological processes, such as development, metabolism, and stress response, by controlling gene expression patterns in cells.
In the context of human anatomy, the term "tail" is not used to describe any part of the body. Humans are considered tailless primates, and there is no structure or feature that corresponds directly to the tails found in many other animals.
However, there are some medical terms related to the lower end of the spine that might be confused with a tail:
1. Coccyx (Tailbone): The coccyx is a small triangular bone at the very bottom of the spinal column, formed by the fusion of several rudimentary vertebrae. It's also known as the tailbone because it resembles the end of an animal's tail in its location and appearance.
2. Cauda Equina (Horse's Tail): The cauda equina is a bundle of nerve roots at the lower end of the spinal cord, just above the coccyx. It got its name because it looks like a horse's tail due to the numerous rootlets radiating from the conus medullaris (the tapering end of the spinal cord).
These two structures are not tails in the traditional sense but rather medical terms related to the lower end of the human spine.
Insect hormones are chemical messengers that regulate various physiological and behavioral processes in insects. They are produced and released by endocrine glands and organs, such as the corpora allata, prothoracic glands, and neurosecretory cells located in the brain. Insect hormones play crucial roles in the regulation of growth and development, reproduction, diapause (a state of dormancy), metamorphosis, molting, and other vital functions. Some well-known insect hormones include juvenile hormone (JH), ecdysteroids (such as 20-hydroxyecdysone), and neuropeptides like the brain hormone and adipokinetic hormone. These hormones act through specific receptors, often transmembrane proteins, to elicit intracellular signaling cascades that ultimately lead to changes in gene expression, cell behavior, or organ function. Understanding insect hormones is essential for developing novel strategies for pest management and control, as well as for advancing our knowledge of insect biology and evolution.
Genetically modified animals (GMAs) are those whose genetic makeup has been altered using biotechnological techniques. This is typically done by introducing one or more genes from another species into the animal's genome, resulting in a new trait or characteristic that does not naturally occur in that species. The introduced gene is often referred to as a transgene.
The process of creating GMAs involves several steps:
1. Isolation: The desired gene is isolated from the DNA of another organism.
2. Transfer: The isolated gene is transferred into the target animal's cells, usually using a vector such as a virus or bacterium.
3. Integration: The transgene integrates into the animal's chromosome, becoming a permanent part of its genetic makeup.
4. Selection: The modified cells are allowed to multiply, and those that contain the transgene are selected for further growth and development.
5. Breeding: The genetically modified individuals are bred to produce offspring that carry the desired trait.
GMAs have various applications in research, agriculture, and medicine. In research, they can serve as models for studying human diseases or testing new therapies. In agriculture, GMAs can be developed to exhibit enhanced growth rates, improved disease resistance, or increased nutritional value. In medicine, GMAs may be used to produce pharmaceuticals or other therapeutic agents within their bodies.
Examples of genetically modified animals include mice with added genes for specific proteins that make them useful models for studying human diseases, goats that produce a human protein in their milk to treat hemophilia, and pigs with enhanced resistance to certain viruses that could potentially be used as organ donors for humans.
It is important to note that the use of genetically modified animals raises ethical concerns related to animal welfare, environmental impact, and potential risks to human health. These issues must be carefully considered and addressed when developing and implementing GMA technologies.
Gastrulation is a fundamental process in embryonic development, characterized by the transformation of a initially flat layer of cells called the blastula into a three-layered structure known as the gastrula. This complex series of cellular movements and rearrangements establishes the foundation for the formation of the three primary germ layers: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. These germ layers further differentiate to give rise to all the diverse cell types and tissues in the developing organism, including the nervous system, muscles, bones, and internal organs.
The precise mechanisms of gastrulation vary among different animal groups; however, common features include:
1. Formation of a blastopore: A small indentation or opening that forms on the surface of the blastula, which eventually develops into the primitive gut or anus in the gastrula.
2. Invagination: The process by which cells at the blastopore fold inward and migrate towards the interior of the embryo, forming the endodermal layer.
3. Epiboly: A coordinated movement of cells that spreads over and encloses the yolk within the embryo, contributing to the formation of the ectodermal layer.
4. Delamination: The separation and migration of cells from the epiblast (the outer layer of the blastula) to form the mesodermal layer in between the ectoderm and endoderm.
Gastrulation is a critical period in embryonic development, as errors during this process can lead to severe congenital abnormalities or even embryonic lethality. A thorough understanding of gastrulation has important implications for regenerative medicine, stem cell research, and the study of evolutionary developmental biology (Evo-Devo).
In situ hybridization (ISH) is a molecular biology technique used to detect and localize specific nucleic acid sequences, such as DNA or RNA, within cells or tissues. This technique involves the use of a labeled probe that is complementary to the target nucleic acid sequence. The probe can be labeled with various types of markers, including radioisotopes, fluorescent dyes, or enzymes.
During the ISH procedure, the labeled probe is hybridized to the target nucleic acid sequence in situ, meaning that the hybridization occurs within the intact cells or tissues. After washing away unbound probe, the location of the labeled probe can be visualized using various methods depending on the type of label used.
In situ hybridization has a wide range of applications in both research and diagnostic settings, including the detection of gene expression patterns, identification of viral infections, and diagnosis of genetic disorders.
DNA-binding proteins are a type of protein that have the ability to bind to DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), the genetic material of organisms. These proteins play crucial roles in various biological processes, such as regulation of gene expression, DNA replication, repair and recombination.
The binding of DNA-binding proteins to specific DNA sequences is mediated by non-covalent interactions, including electrostatic, hydrogen bonding, and van der Waals forces. The specificity of binding is determined by the recognition of particular nucleotide sequences or structural features of the DNA molecule.
DNA-binding proteins can be classified into several categories based on their structure and function, such as transcription factors, histones, and restriction enzymes. Transcription factors are a major class of DNA-binding proteins that regulate gene expression by binding to specific DNA sequences in the promoter region of genes and recruiting other proteins to modulate transcription. Histones are DNA-binding proteins that package DNA into nucleosomes, the basic unit of chromatin structure. Restriction enzymes are DNA-binding proteins that recognize and cleave specific DNA sequences, and are widely used in molecular biology research and biotechnology applications.
A zebrafish is a freshwater fish species belonging to the family Cyprinidae and the genus Danio. Its name is derived from its distinctive striped pattern that resembles a zebra's. Zebrafish are often used as model organisms in scientific research, particularly in developmental biology, genetics, and toxicology studies. They have a high fecundity rate, transparent embryos, and a rapid development process, making them an ideal choice for researchers. However, it is important to note that providing a medical definition for zebrafish may not be entirely accurate or relevant since they are primarily used in biological research rather than clinical medicine.
A mutation is a permanent change in the DNA sequence of an organism's genome. Mutations can occur spontaneously or be caused by environmental factors such as exposure to radiation, chemicals, or viruses. They may have various effects on the organism, ranging from benign to harmful, depending on where they occur and whether they alter the function of essential proteins. In some cases, mutations can increase an individual's susceptibility to certain diseases or disorders, while in others, they may confer a survival advantage. Mutations are the driving force behind evolution, as they introduce new genetic variability into populations, which can then be acted upon by natural selection.
Molecular sequence data refers to the specific arrangement of molecules, most commonly nucleotides in DNA or RNA, or amino acids in proteins, that make up a biological macromolecule. This data is generated through laboratory techniques such as sequencing, and provides information about the exact order of the constituent molecules. This data is crucial in various fields of biology, including genetics, evolution, and molecular biology, allowing for comparisons between different organisms, identification of genetic variations, and studies of gene function and regulation.
A gastrula is a stage in the early development of many animals, including humans, that occurs following fertilization and cleavage of the zygote. During this stage, the embryo undergoes a process called gastrulation, which involves a series of cell movements that reorganize the embryo into three distinct layers: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. These germ layers give rise to all the different tissues and organs in the developing organism.
The gastrula is characterized by the presence of a central cavity called the archenteron, which will eventually become the gut or gastrointestinal tract. The opening of the archenteron is called the blastopore, which will give rise to either the mouth or anus, depending on the animal group.
In summary, a gastrula is a developmental stage in which an embryo undergoes gastrulation to form three germ layers and a central cavity, which will eventually develop into various organs and tissues of the body.
In medical and embryological terms, the mesoderm is one of the three primary germ layers in the very early stages of embryonic development. It forms between the ectoderm and endoderm during gastrulation, and it gives rise to a wide variety of cell types, tissues, and organs in the developing embryo.
The mesoderm contributes to the formation of structures such as:
1. The connective tissues (including tendons, ligaments, and most of the bones)
2. Muscular system (skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles)
3. Circulatory system (heart, blood vessels, and blood cells)
4. Excretory system (kidneys and associated structures)
5. Reproductive system (gonads, including ovaries and testes)
6. Dermis of the skin
7. Parts of the eye and inner ear
8. Several organs in the urogenital system
Dysfunctions or abnormalities in mesoderm development can lead to various congenital disorders and birth defects, highlighting its importance during embryogenesis.
A base sequence in the context of molecular biology refers to the specific order of nucleotides in a DNA or RNA molecule. In DNA, these nucleotides are adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). In RNA, uracil (U) takes the place of thymine. The base sequence contains genetic information that is transcribed into RNA and ultimately translated into proteins. It is the exact order of these bases that determines the genetic code and thus the function of the DNA or RNA molecule.
Genetic enhancer elements are DNA sequences that increase the transcription of specific genes. They work by binding to regulatory proteins called transcription factors, which in turn recruit RNA polymerase II, the enzyme responsible for transcribing DNA into messenger RNA (mRNA). This results in the activation of gene transcription and increased production of the protein encoded by that gene.
Enhancer elements can be located upstream, downstream, or even within introns of the genes they regulate, and they can act over long distances along the DNA molecule. They are an important mechanism for controlling gene expression in a tissue-specific and developmental stage-specific manner, allowing for the precise regulation of gene activity during embryonic development and throughout adult life.
It's worth noting that genetic enhancer elements are often referred to simply as "enhancers," and they are distinct from other types of regulatory DNA sequences such as promoters, silencers, and insulators.
Wnt1 protein is a member of the Wnt family, which is a group of secreted signaling proteins that play crucial roles in embryonic development and tissue homeostasis in adults. Specifically, Wnt1 is a highly conserved gene that encodes a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of approximately 40 kDa. It is primarily expressed in the developing nervous system, where it functions as a key regulator of neural crest cell migration and differentiation during embryogenesis.
Wnt1 protein mediates its effects by binding to Frizzled receptors on the surface of target cells, leading to the activation of several intracellular signaling pathways, including the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway and non-canonical Wnt/planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway. In the canonical pathway, Wnt1 protein stabilizes β-catenin, which then translocates to the nucleus and interacts with TCF/LEF transcription factors to regulate gene expression.
Dysregulation of Wnt1 signaling has been implicated in several human diseases, including cancer. For example, aberrant activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by Wnt1 protein has been observed in various types of tumors, such as medulloblastomas and breast cancers, leading to uncontrolled cell proliferation and tumor growth. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying Wnt1 signaling is essential for developing novel therapeutic strategies for treating these diseases.
An amino acid sequence is the specific order of amino acids in a protein or peptide molecule, formed by the linking of the amino group (-NH2) of one amino acid to the carboxyl group (-COOH) of another amino acid through a peptide bond. The sequence is determined by the genetic code and is unique to each type of protein or peptide. It plays a crucial role in determining the three-dimensional structure and function of proteins.
The Central Nervous System (CNS) is the part of the nervous system that consists of the brain and spinal cord. It is called the "central" system because it receives information from, and sends information to, the rest of the body through peripheral nerves, which make up the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).
The CNS is responsible for processing sensory information, controlling motor functions, and regulating various autonomic processes like heart rate, respiration, and digestion. The brain, as the command center of the CNS, interprets sensory stimuli, formulates thoughts, and initiates actions. The spinal cord serves as a conduit for nerve impulses traveling to and from the brain and the rest of the body.
The CNS is protected by several structures, including the skull (which houses the brain) and the vertebral column (which surrounds and protects the spinal cord). Despite these protective measures, the CNS remains vulnerable to injury and disease, which can have severe consequences due to its crucial role in controlling essential bodily functions.
Morphogenesis is a term used in developmental biology and refers to the process by which cells give rise to tissues and organs with specific shapes, structures, and patterns during embryonic development. This process involves complex interactions between genes, cells, and the extracellular environment that result in the coordinated movement and differentiation of cells into specialized functional units.
Morphogenesis is a dynamic and highly regulated process that involves several mechanisms, including cell proliferation, death, migration, adhesion, and differentiation. These processes are controlled by genetic programs and signaling pathways that respond to environmental cues and regulate the behavior of individual cells within a developing tissue or organ.
The study of morphogenesis is important for understanding how complex biological structures form during development and how these processes can go awry in disease states such as cancer, birth defects, and degenerative disorders.
'Gene expression regulation' refers to the processes that control whether, when, and where a particular gene is expressed, meaning the production of a specific protein or functional RNA encoded by that gene. This complex mechanism can be influenced by various factors such as transcription factors, chromatin remodeling, DNA methylation, non-coding RNAs, and post-transcriptional modifications, among others. Proper regulation of gene expression is crucial for normal cellular function, development, and maintaining homeostasis in living organisms. Dysregulation of gene expression can lead to various diseases, including cancer and genetic disorders.
In the context of medical and biological sciences, a "binding site" refers to a specific location on a protein, molecule, or cell where another molecule can attach or bind. This binding interaction can lead to various functional changes in the original protein or molecule. The other molecule that binds to the binding site is often referred to as a ligand, which can be a small molecule, ion, or even another protein.
The binding between a ligand and its target binding site can be specific and selective, meaning that only certain ligands can bind to particular binding sites with high affinity. This specificity plays a crucial role in various biological processes, such as signal transduction, enzyme catalysis, or drug action.
In the case of drug development, understanding the location and properties of binding sites on target proteins is essential for designing drugs that can selectively bind to these sites and modulate protein function. This knowledge can help create more effective and safer therapeutic options for various diseases.
The TATA-box binding protein (TBP) is a general transcription factor that plays a crucial role in the initiation of transcription of protein-coding genes in archaea and eukaryotes. It is named after its ability to bind to the TATA box, a conserved DNA sequence found in the promoter regions of many genes.
TBP is a key component of the transcription preinitiation complex (PIC), which also includes other general transcription factors and RNA polymerase II in eukaryotes. The TBP protein has a unique structure, characterized by a saddle-shaped DNA-binding domain that allows it to recognize and bind to the TATA box in a sequence-specific manner.
By binding to the TATA box, TBP helps to position the RNA polymerase II complex at the start site of transcription, allowing for the initiation of RNA synthesis. TBP also plays a role in regulating gene expression by interacting with various coactivators and corepressors that modulate its activity.
Mutations in the TBP gene have been associated with several human diseases, including some forms of cancer and neurodevelopmental disorders.
Zebrafish proteins refer to the diverse range of protein molecules that are produced by the organism Danio rerio, commonly known as the zebrafish. These proteins play crucial roles in various biological processes such as growth, development, reproduction, and response to environmental stimuli. They are involved in cellular functions like enzymatic reactions, signal transduction, structural support, and regulation of gene expression.
Zebrafish is a popular model organism in biomedical research due to its genetic similarity with humans, rapid development, and transparent embryos that allow for easy observation of biological processes. As a result, the study of zebrafish proteins has contributed significantly to our understanding of protein function, structure, and interaction in both zebrafish and human systems.
Some examples of zebrafish proteins include:
* Transcription factors that regulate gene expression during development
* Enzymes involved in metabolic pathways
* Structural proteins that provide support to cells and tissues
* Receptors and signaling molecules that mediate communication between cells
* Heat shock proteins that assist in protein folding and protect against stress
The analysis of zebrafish proteins can be performed using various techniques, including biochemical assays, mass spectrometry, protein crystallography, and computational modeling. These methods help researchers to identify, characterize, and understand the functions of individual proteins and their interactions within complex networks.
'Cell lineage' is a term used in biology and medicine to describe the developmental history or relationship of a cell or group of cells to other cells, tracing back to the original progenitor or stem cell. It refers to the series of cell divisions and differentiation events that give rise to specific types of cells in an organism over time.
In simpler terms, cell lineage is like a family tree for cells, showing how they are related to each other through a chain of cell division and specialization events. This concept is important in understanding the development, growth, and maintenance of tissues and organs in living beings.
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the genetic material present in the cells of organisms where it is responsible for the storage and transmission of hereditary information. DNA is a long molecule that consists of two strands coiled together to form a double helix. Each strand is made up of a series of four nucleotide bases - adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T) - that are linked together by phosphate and sugar groups. The sequence of these bases along the length of the molecule encodes genetic information, with A always pairing with T and C always pairing with G. This base-pairing allows for the replication and transcription of DNA, which are essential processes in the functioning and reproduction of all living organisms.
A transgene is a segment of DNA that has been artificially transferred from one organism to another, typically between different species, to introduce a new trait or characteristic. The term "transgene" specifically refers to the genetic material that has been transferred and has become integrated into the host organism's genome. This technology is often used in genetic engineering and biomedical research, including the development of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) for agricultural purposes or the creation of animal models for studying human diseases.
Transgenes can be created using various techniques, such as molecular cloning, where a desired gene is isolated, manipulated, and then inserted into a vector (a small DNA molecule, such as a plasmid) that can efficiently enter the host organism's cells. Once inside the cell, the transgene can integrate into the host genome, allowing for the expression of the new trait in the resulting transgenic organism.
It is important to note that while transgenes can provide valuable insights and benefits in research and agriculture, their use and release into the environment are subjects of ongoing debate due to concerns about potential ecological impacts and human health risks.
Motor neurons are specialized nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord that play a crucial role in controlling voluntary muscle movements. They transmit electrical signals from the brain to the muscles, enabling us to perform actions such as walking, talking, and swallowing. There are two types of motor neurons: upper motor neurons, which originate in the brain's motor cortex and travel down to the brainstem and spinal cord; and lower motor neurons, which extend from the brainstem and spinal cord to the muscles. Damage or degeneration of these motor neurons can lead to various neurological disorders, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).
A phenotype is the physical or biochemical expression of an organism's genes, or the observable traits and characteristics resulting from the interaction of its genetic constitution (genotype) with environmental factors. These characteristics can include appearance, development, behavior, and resistance to disease, among others. Phenotypes can vary widely, even among individuals with identical genotypes, due to differences in environmental influences, gene expression, and genetic interactions.
Genetic models are theoretical frameworks used in genetics to describe and explain the inheritance patterns and genetic architecture of traits, diseases, or phenomena. These models are based on mathematical equations and statistical methods that incorporate information about gene frequencies, modes of inheritance, and the effects of environmental factors. They can be used to predict the probability of certain genetic outcomes, to understand the genetic basis of complex traits, and to inform medical management and treatment decisions.
There are several types of genetic models, including:
1. Mendelian models: These models describe the inheritance patterns of simple genetic traits that follow Mendel's laws of segregation and independent assortment. Examples include autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, and X-linked inheritance.
2. Complex trait models: These models describe the inheritance patterns of complex traits that are influenced by multiple genes and environmental factors. Examples include heart disease, diabetes, and cancer.
3. Population genetics models: These models describe the distribution and frequency of genetic variants within populations over time. They can be used to study evolutionary processes, such as natural selection and genetic drift.
4. Quantitative genetics models: These models describe the relationship between genetic variation and phenotypic variation in continuous traits, such as height or IQ. They can be used to estimate heritability and to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that contribute to trait variation.
5. Statistical genetics models: These models use statistical methods to analyze genetic data and infer the presence of genetic associations or linkage. They can be used to identify genetic risk factors for diseases or traits.
Overall, genetic models are essential tools in genetics research and medical genetics, as they allow researchers to make predictions about genetic outcomes, test hypotheses about the genetic basis of traits and diseases, and develop strategies for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.
Promoter regions in genetics refer to specific DNA sequences located near the transcription start site of a gene. They serve as binding sites for RNA polymerase and various transcription factors that regulate the initiation of gene transcription. These regulatory elements help control the rate of transcription and, therefore, the level of gene expression. Promoter regions can be composed of different types of sequences, such as the TATA box and CAAT box, and their organization and composition can vary between different genes and species.
Sequence homology, amino acid, refers to the similarity in the order of amino acids in a protein or a portion of a protein between two or more species. This similarity can be used to infer evolutionary relationships and functional similarities between proteins. The higher the degree of sequence homology, the more likely it is that the proteins are related and have similar functions. Sequence homology can be determined through various methods such as pairwise alignment or multiple sequence alignment, which compare the sequences and calculate a score based on the number and type of matching amino acids.
Recombinant fusion proteins are artificially created biomolecules that combine the functional domains or properties of two or more different proteins into a single protein entity. They are generated through recombinant DNA technology, where the genes encoding the desired protein domains are linked together and expressed as a single, chimeric gene in a host organism, such as bacteria, yeast, or mammalian cells.
The resulting fusion protein retains the functional properties of its individual constituent proteins, allowing for novel applications in research, diagnostics, and therapeutics. For instance, recombinant fusion proteins can be designed to enhance protein stability, solubility, or immunogenicity, making them valuable tools for studying protein-protein interactions, developing targeted therapies, or generating vaccines against infectious diseases or cancer.
Examples of recombinant fusion proteins include:
1. Etaglunatide (ABT-523): A soluble Fc fusion protein that combines the heavy chain fragment crystallizable region (Fc) of an immunoglobulin with the extracellular domain of the human interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R). This fusion protein functions as a decoy receptor, neutralizing IL-6 and its downstream signaling pathways in rheumatoid arthritis.
2. Etanercept (Enbrel): A soluble TNF receptor p75 Fc fusion protein that binds to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and inhibits its proinflammatory activity, making it a valuable therapeutic option for treating autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and psoriasis.
3. Abatacept (Orencia): A fusion protein consisting of the extracellular domain of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) linked to the Fc region of an immunoglobulin, which downregulates T-cell activation and proliferation in autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis.
4. Belimumab (Benlysta): A monoclonal antibody that targets B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) protein, preventing its interaction with the B-cell surface receptor and inhibiting B-cell activation in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
5. Romiplostim (Nplate): A fusion protein consisting of a thrombopoietin receptor agonist peptide linked to an immunoglobulin Fc region, which stimulates platelet production in patients with chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).
6. Darbepoetin alfa (Aranesp): A hyperglycosylated erythropoiesis-stimulating protein that functions as a longer-acting form of recombinant human erythropoietin, used to treat anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease or cancer.
7. Palivizumab (Synagis): A monoclonal antibody directed against the F protein of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), which prevents RSV infection and is administered prophylactically to high-risk infants during the RSV season.
8. Ranibizumab (Lucentis): A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody fragment that binds and inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), used in the treatment of age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and other ocular disorders.
9. Cetuximab (Erbitux): A chimeric monoclonal antibody that binds to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), used in the treatment of colorectal cancer and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
10. Adalimumab (Humira): A fully humanized monoclonal antibody that targets tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), used in the treatment of various inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and Crohn's disease.
11. Bevacizumab (Avastin): A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to VEGF-A, used in the treatment of various cancers, including colorectal, lung, breast, and kidney cancer.
12. Trastuzumab (Herceptin): A humanized monoclonal antibody that targets HER2/neu receptor, used in the treatment of breast cancer.
13. Rituximab (Rituxan): A chimeric monoclonal antibody that binds to CD20 antigen on B cells, used in the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and rheumatoid arthritis.
14. Palivizumab (Synagis): A humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to the F protein of respiratory syncytial virus, used in the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infection in high-risk infants.
15. Infliximab (Remicade): A chimeric monoclonal antibody that targets TNF-α, used in the treatment of various inflammatory diseases, including Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis.
16. Natalizumab (Tysabri): A humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to α4β1 integrin, used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis and Crohn's disease.
17. Adalimumab (Humira): A fully human monoclonal antibody that targets TNF-α, used in the treatment of various inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis.
18. Golimumab (Simponi): A fully human monoclonal antibody that targets TNF-α, used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and ulcerative colitis.
19. Certolizumab pegol (Cimzia): A PEGylated Fab' fragment of a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets TNF-α, used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and Crohn's disease.
20. Ustekinumab (Stelara): A fully human monoclonal antibody that targets IL-12 and IL-23, used in the treatment of psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and Crohn's disease.
21. Secukinumab (Cosentyx): A fully human monoclonal antibody that targets IL-17A, used in the treatment of psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis.
22. Ixekizumab (Taltz): A fully human monoclonal antibody that targets IL-17A, used in the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis.
23. Brodalumab (Siliq): A fully human monoclonal antibody that targets IL-17 receptor A, used in the treatment of psoriasis.
24. Sarilumab (Kevzara): A fully human monoclonal antibody that targets the IL-6 receptor, used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
25. Tocilizumab (Actemra): A humanized monoclonal antibody that targets the IL-6 receptor, used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis, polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis, giant cell arteritis, and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell-induced cytokine release syndrome.
26. Siltuximab (Sylvant): A chimeric monoclonal antibody that targets IL-6, used in the treatment of multicentric Castleman disease.
27. Satralizumab (Enspryng): A humanized monoclonal antibody that targets IL-6 receptor alpha, used in the treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.
28. Sirukumab (Plivensia): A human monoclonal antibody that targets IL-6, used in the treatment
Molecular cloning is a laboratory technique used to create multiple copies of a specific DNA sequence. This process involves several steps:
1. Isolation: The first step in molecular cloning is to isolate the DNA sequence of interest from the rest of the genomic DNA. This can be done using various methods such as PCR (polymerase chain reaction), restriction enzymes, or hybridization.
2. Vector construction: Once the DNA sequence of interest has been isolated, it must be inserted into a vector, which is a small circular DNA molecule that can replicate independently in a host cell. Common vectors used in molecular cloning include plasmids and phages.
3. Transformation: The constructed vector is then introduced into a host cell, usually a bacterial or yeast cell, through a process called transformation. This can be done using various methods such as electroporation or chemical transformation.
4. Selection: After transformation, the host cells are grown in selective media that allow only those cells containing the vector to grow. This ensures that the DNA sequence of interest has been successfully cloned into the vector.
5. Amplification: Once the host cells have been selected, they can be grown in large quantities to amplify the number of copies of the cloned DNA sequence.
Molecular cloning is a powerful tool in molecular biology and has numerous applications, including the production of recombinant proteins, gene therapy, functional analysis of genes, and genetic engineering.
Molecular evolution is the process of change in the DNA sequence or protein structure over time, driven by mechanisms such as mutation, genetic drift, gene flow, and natural selection. It refers to the evolutionary study of changes in DNA, RNA, and proteins, and how these changes accumulate and lead to new species and diversity of life. Molecular evolution can be used to understand the history and relationships among different organisms, as well as the functional consequences of genetic changes.
In medical terms, the heart is a muscular organ located in the thoracic cavity that functions as a pump to circulate blood throughout the body. It's responsible for delivering oxygen and nutrients to the tissues and removing carbon dioxide and other wastes. The human heart is divided into four chambers: two atria on the top and two ventricles on the bottom. The right side of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body and pumps it to the lungs, while the left side receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it out to the rest of the body. The heart's rhythmic contractions and relaxations are regulated by a complex electrical conduction system.
Nuclear proteins are a category of proteins that are primarily found in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell. They play crucial roles in various nuclear functions, such as DNA replication, transcription, repair, and RNA processing. This group includes structural proteins like lamins, which form the nuclear lamina, and regulatory proteins, such as histones and transcription factors, that are involved in gene expression. Nuclear localization signals (NLS) often help target these proteins to the nucleus by interacting with importin proteins during active transport across the nuclear membrane.
Sequence homology in nucleic acids refers to the similarity or identity between the nucleotide sequences of two or more DNA or RNA molecules. It is often used as a measure of biological relationship between genes, organisms, or populations. High sequence homology suggests a recent common ancestry or functional constraint, while low sequence homology may indicate a more distant relationship or different functions.
Nucleic acid sequence homology can be determined by various methods such as pairwise alignment, multiple sequence alignment, and statistical analysis. The degree of homology is typically expressed as a percentage of identical or similar nucleotides in a given window of comparison.
It's important to note that the interpretation of sequence homology depends on the biological context and the evolutionary distance between the sequences compared. Therefore, functional and experimental validation is often necessary to confirm the significance of sequence homology.
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a technique used in pathology and laboratory medicine to identify specific proteins or antigens in tissue sections. It combines the principles of immunology and histology to detect the presence and location of these target molecules within cells and tissues. This technique utilizes antibodies that are specific to the protein or antigen of interest, which are then tagged with a detection system such as a chromogen or fluorophore. The stained tissue sections can be examined under a microscope, allowing for the visualization and analysis of the distribution and expression patterns of the target molecule in the context of the tissue architecture. Immunohistochemistry is widely used in diagnostic pathology to help identify various diseases, including cancer, infectious diseases, and immune-mediated disorders.
In the field of medicine, "time factors" refer to the duration of symptoms or time elapsed since the onset of a medical condition, which can have significant implications for diagnosis and treatment. Understanding time factors is crucial in determining the progression of a disease, evaluating the effectiveness of treatments, and making critical decisions regarding patient care.
For example, in stroke management, "time is brain," meaning that rapid intervention within a specific time frame (usually within 4.5 hours) is essential to administering tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), a clot-busting drug that can minimize brain damage and improve patient outcomes. Similarly, in trauma care, the "golden hour" concept emphasizes the importance of providing definitive care within the first 60 minutes after injury to increase survival rates and reduce morbidity.
Time factors also play a role in monitoring the progression of chronic conditions like diabetes or heart disease, where regular follow-ups and assessments help determine appropriate treatment adjustments and prevent complications. In infectious diseases, time factors are crucial for initiating antibiotic therapy and identifying potential outbreaks to control their spread.
Overall, "time factors" encompass the significance of recognizing and acting promptly in various medical scenarios to optimize patient outcomes and provide effective care.
Time of Eve
Two Times Adam, One Time Eve
Eve Southern
New Year's Eve in London
Killing Eve: Die for Me
Eve Gardiner
Eve Leigh
Eve Vorley
Eve Ash
Murders of Eve Stratford and Lynne Weedon
Eve of the Daleks
The Terror of Hallow's Eve
Eve Myles
Eve Cornwell
The Fall of Eve (play)
Eve Wiltshaw
Eve LaPlante
Eve Muirhead
Eve Fowler
Eve (Thalia Zedek album)
Amelia Eve
Eve Poole (author)
Killing Eve: No Tomorrow
Adam and Eve
Reginald Eves
Eve Branson
BBC New Year's Eve specials
Eve Kirk
Leecia Eve
Eve Palmer
Time of Eve - Wikipedia
eve: Latest News & Videos, Photos about eve | The Economic Times - Page 1
More grim details of Christmas Eve shooting rampage in Covina emerge - Los Angeles Times
6 New Year's Eve Traditions From Around the World | TIME.com
President Kovind extends greetings on eve of Chhath Puja | India News - Times of India
Yemen rebels 'stranded' on eve of Geneva talks | Jordan Times
'Cracking' Building on Christmas Eve Sees 3,000 People Evacuated in Sydney | The Epoch...
SBS Transit to extend train and bus services on Christmas eve | The Straits Times
Trump's 'poor me' Christmas Eve tweet draws mockery as 800,000 federal workers go without pay - Los Angeles Times
Times Square New Year's Eve ball gets new look - Local News 8
Killing Eve: Phoebe Waller Bridge's thriller renewed for series two | Radio Times
Shanghai Authorities Target Critics After New Year's Eve Stampede | Time
Thanksgiving Eve at TV Lounge | TV Lounge | DJ/Dance, Thanksgiving | Detroit Metro Times
New Year's Time Capsule - Apple & Eve
'The right place at the right time': Meryl Streep talks life and love on the eve of...
Rebalancing EVE, One Module At A Time | EVE Online
Who are Eve and Jess Gale? Meet Winter Love Island's 2020 contestants | Radio Times
Time's Up! - 2008-12-17 - New Year's Eve Party Ride - Village Voice
Eve Arnold's Time With Malcolm X and the Nation of Islam, in Her Own Words | Magnum Photos
New York's Times Square New Year's Eve celebration to go virtual - Metro US
SP man dies on Christmas Eve morning from accident - Santa Paula Times
Alice Eve News • Movies.ie - Irish Cinema Site - Movie Times, Reviews & Competitions
The life and times of EVE Online « Video Games Daily
New Year's Eve 2017 In Times Square - New Country 105.1
Turn Back Time: 2024 New Year's Eve Celebration - Inn of the Mountain Gods
Blues greats relive old times on eve of Naughton's 150th celebrations
Lady Gaga in NYCs Times Square on New Years Eve - Videos - Metatube
Strictly's Katya Jones reveals sadness as she spends New Year's Eve away from loved-ones for the very first time | HELLO!
Lakewold Gardens hosts All Hallows' Eve: Poe's Garden of Shadows - The Suburban Times
8 Tips for Spending New Year's Eve in Times Square - GO Airlink Shuttle
York's Times Square3
- New crystals from Irish company Waterford have joined over 2,000 sparkling triangles covering the ball that drops over New York's Times Square every year, days before the countdown to 2022. (localnews8.com)
- NEW YORK (Reuters) - New York's Times Square will bid farewell to 2020 without the usual huddled masses jamming the streets on New Year's Eve, as celebration organizers on Wednesday responded to the global pandemic with plans for a scaled-back, virtual event. (metro.us)
- NEW YORK - Revelers will still ring in the new year in New York's Times Square next week, there just won't be as many of them as usual under new restrictions announced Thursday as the city grapples with a spike in COVID-19 cases. (kclu.org)
Year's41
- The ball drop in New York City's Times Square is ubiquitous, so NewsFeed has decided to round up lesser-known New Year's Eve traditions. (time.com)
- For the second year in a row, New Year's Eve in Times Square will be scaled-back event, with organizers encouraging spectators to attend the virtual show. (localnews8.com)
- S hanghai authorities are seeking to control discussion of the New Year's Eve stampede that caused the deaths of 36 people and raised questions about the ability of police to manage large-scale events in the world's most populous nation. (time.com)
- But despite the central government's pledges of an investigation - as well as the state-run media's flagellation of Shanghai authorities - locals say they are encountering intimidation from local officials as they seek answers to the many questions the stampede raised: Why, if the annual laser-light show at the Bund was canceled for safety reasons this New Year's Eve, were hundreds of thousands of revelers allowed to show up regardless? (time.com)
- Sip some Apple & Eve and reflect with a sweet New Year's time capsule craft (then resist opening for the whole year! (appleandeve.com)
- The New Year's Eve celebration in Times Square is among the biggest in the world, typically drawing about 1 million people, with more than 1 billion more tuning in on television to watch the lighted ball atop One Times Square descend as the new year arrives. (metro.us)
- In fact, the coldest New Year's Eve ball drop ever recorded was in 1917 when it was 1 degree with a -18 degree wind chill. (goairlinkshuttle.com)
- Pack Snacks - You will have a long day ahead of you in order to experience the ultimate New Year's Eve celebration so plan accordingly. (goairlinkshuttle.com)
- Ditch the Bags and Backpacks - New York City always increases security around the holidays, and amplifies it even more on New Year's Eve in Times Square. (goairlinkshuttle.com)
- I was at a New Year's Eve party where the host took the trouble of securing a bottle of non-alcoholic champagne, which struck me as very thoughtful. (suntimes.com)
- This year's Christmas Eve games see twelve pairs of teams in action. (acmepackingcompany.com)
- The 2022 sign that will be lit on top of a building on New Year's Eve is displayed in Times Square, New York, Monday, Dec. 20, 2021. (kclu.org)
- The added precautions for New Year's Eve in Times Square were spurred by the rapid spread of the omicron variant in the Big Apple, where lines for testing have snaked around blocks in recent days. (kclu.org)
- On Tuesday, the Fox network gave its verdict, pulling the plug on a planned live broadcast from the New Year's Eve event. (kclu.org)
- Other networks plan to air the festivities, including Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve on ABC, the stalwart now hosted by Ryan Seacrest. (kclu.org)
- On New Year's Eve last year, Times Square was mostly empty, with Jennifer Lopez and other artists performing behind police barricades. (kclu.org)
- New York is the best place in the world to celebrate New Year's Eve and now it will be one of the safest against COVID as well," Mayor-elect Eric Adams said in a written statement endorsing the new precautions. (kclu.org)
- New Year's Eve at the Diamond Horse-shoe in New York, N.Y., on Dec. 31, 1941. (time.com)
- She points out that one of the earliest recorded references to smooching at midnight on New Year's Eve is in a Jan. 3, 1863, New York Times report on festivities in New York City. (time.com)
- Cities began to get bigger, more and more immigrants are coming and immigrants from Europe bring customs associated with New Year's Eve," says McCrossen, who is a professor of history at Southern Methodist University. (time.com)
- Not long after those German immigrants began setting a New Year's Eve example, another major influence began to spread throughout American cities: electricity. (time.com)
- It was only then that it became normal for people to go out on the town on New Year's Eve and stay out until midnight. (time.com)
- Soon enough, many of the New Year's Eve rituals we recognize today were nationally and internationally known. (time.com)
- St. Louis' "Best Kept Secret" to Play New Year's Eve. (riverfronttimes.com)
- It's that the New Year's Eve party at Orchid Terrace begins at two o'clock -- in the afternoon. (riverfronttimes.com)
- Orchid Terrace retirement community will host Rockin' New Year's Eve , a celebration with live music and refreshments, on Thursday, December 31, 2009, at 2 p.m. (riverfronttimes.com)
- Happy Holidays: I may be late for Christmas but I'm on time for New Year's Eve. (happyholidays.ca)
- I may be late for Christmas but I'm on time for New Year's Eve. (happyholidays.ca)
- With King of ReggaetĂłn Daddy Yankee performing from Puerto Rico, there's no way you won't get into the spirit, so read on as we explain how to watch Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve With Ryan Seacrest 2022 from anywhere - including for free . (techradar.com)
- It's the last and the first must-watch event of the year, so scroll down to find out how to watch a Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve With Ryan Seacrest 2022 stream. (techradar.com)
- As ever, ABC is the home of Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve With Ryan Seacrest 2022, with coverage of the bonanza starting at 8pm ET / 7pm CT / 5pm PT on Friday evening. (techradar.com)
- If you get the channel through your TV package, you can also live stream Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve 2022 via the ABC website , though you'll need to log in with your cable provider details. (techradar.com)
- If you're ringing in the New Year from abroad this year but fancy a taste of home, you won't be able to stream Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve 2022 as you would at home, due to annoying geo-restrictions. (techradar.com)
- The Albright Memorial Library, Lackawanna County Children's Library, and Nancy Kay Holmes Library will close at 5 PM on December 31, 2021 in observation of New Year's Eve. (lclshome.org)
- This was a stellar New Year's Eve in downtown Las Vegas! (vegasexperience.com)
- Here's a look at New Year's Eve at Fremont Street Experience, and we look forward to seeing you in 2020 and beyond. (vegasexperience.com)
- It is time to dust off last year's resolutions and come up with a new list of things to accomplish in 2015. (cdc.gov)
- New Year's Eve parties are a great time to catch up with friends and family. (cdc.gov)
- During an emergency it is usually the people in closest proximity that are first to offer aid, and while it may not be the typical topic of conversation at your New Year's Eve bash, it is an important discussion to have. (cdc.gov)
- I treat birthdays like New Year's Eve, New Year's Day. (cdc.gov)
- That was doctoral researcher Carys Egan-Wyer's promise on New Year's Eve. (lu.se)
20172
20181
- About 300 people were evacuated from Sydney's Opal Tower on Christmas Eve 2018 amid fears it would collapse. (theepochtimes.com)
Ensler2
- She will be joined by the acclaimed U.S. artist and activist Eve Ensler , to discuss the experiences and resilience of women (and all people) in Afghanistan -- and what people in the U.S. can do to raise their voices and support their struggles. (ivaw.org)
- I think we all have a girl in us," Eve Ensler told the crowd at the University of Chicago's International House recently, while speaking about her new book I Am An Emotional Creature: The Secret Life of Girls Around the World . (popmatters.com)
Celebration3
- Many of the details and the live entertainment that make up a good portion of the hours-long celebration leading to the year-end countdown are still being determined, said the Times Square Alliance, which co-produces the event. (metro.us)
- Ringing in the New Year in New York City, in Times Square is one of the most iconic ways to commemorate this annual global celebration. (goairlinkshuttle.com)
- The Time Square celebration streams live on your phone, tablet, computer or any other device you have. (lite987.com)
Unsubscribe at any time1
- You can unsubscribe at any time. (radiotimes.com)
20211
- In a "preliminary teaser" of what was to come on Dec. 31, the Times Square Alliance said that watching the famous ball come down to usher in 2021 will be a digital affair for all but a very limited group of socially distanced, in-person honorees. (metro.us)
Ryan Seacrest1
- Multi-platinum R&B singer Ciara is once again the hostess with the most in the City of Angels, while YouTuber Liza Koshy will be on the ground in Times Square, with Ryan Seacrest threading everything together in his 17th year on hosting duties. (techradar.com)
20221
- New Yorkers and visitors alike can now enjoy Times Square and the rest of our city as we ring in 2022. (kclu.org)
20202
- On Wednesday, the city set yet another one-day testing record with 22,808 new cases, though a true comparison to the number of cases during the initial COVID-19 surge in spring 2020 is impossible because tests were very limited at the time. (kclu.org)
- WHO designated 2020 as the "International Year of the Nurse and the Midwife" and while this designation came prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, we cannot think of a better time to honour and recognize nurses for their commitment to the profession. (who.int)
Trump1
- Marooned in the White House on a gray Christmas Eve, unable to fly off to his beach resort in Florida to play golf, President Trump unleashed a morose tweet Monday bemoaning his fate in the world's most famous gilded prison. (latimes.com)
Square6
- There are many shuttle trains that service the Times Square area, so make sure you do your research to figure out which route is the most efficient from your point of origin. (goairlinkshuttle.com)
- There are plenty of restaurants in Times Square, so if you're aiming to go that route in order to satisfy your appetite, make sure you account for wait times and call ahead to make reservations, if possible. (goairlinkshuttle.com)
- Additionally, every individual will be searched by handheld wand at the various entry points and viewing areas in Times Square. (goairlinkshuttle.com)
- There are not any portable toilets located in Times Square during this massive event so you will certainly want to make note of that and plan accordingly. (goairlinkshuttle.com)
- The new wave of cases has led to the cancellation of concerts, sporting events and Broadway shows, but de Blasio has shown a strong preference for having the annual Times Square ball drop go on as planned - the last major event of his eight-year tenure, which ends Jan. 1. (kclu.org)
- The Time's Square celebrations began in 1904, but it was 1907 when the first New Year's Eve ball made it's decent from a flagpole on One Times Square. (lite987.com)
Lowered at midnight1
- And because the town borders with Canada, "O Canada" is also sung and a red maple leaf is lowered at midnight Atlantic Standard Time (11 p.m. (time.com)
Year6
- The Green Bay Packers are one of 24 NFL teams playing on Christmas Eve this year, as Week 16's Sunday falls on Christmas Day. (acmepackingcompany.com)
- Backed by Embraer's more than 50-year history of aircraft manufacturing and certification expertise, Eve unveils a unique value proposition by positioning itself as an ecosystem partner by offering a comprehensive suite of products and services. (stattimes.com)
- It is that time of year again, a time to reflect on another year gone by and prepare for the new year to come. (cdc.gov)
- The New Year is a perfect time to review your insurance plan and evaluate your home. (cdc.gov)
- Taking time to prepare for emergencies and natural disasters now could be the most important thing you do this year. (cdc.gov)
- Human beings currently consume about one and a half times what the earth is able to provide us with every year, according to the Global Footprint Network , an international research organization. (lu.se)
America2
- Phoebe Waller Bridge's US thriller Killing Eve has been renewed for a second series by BBC America before the first has even begun. (radiotimes.com)
- Killing Eve is set to debut in the US on 8th April on BBC America. (radiotimes.com)
Enforces1
- The link between EVE and Dust ensures the cohesiveness of both and enforces the fact that it happens in the same universe, event though you have to wear different glasses to experience it. (videogamesdaily.com)
Talks2
- SANAA - Yemen's Houthi rebels said Wednesday they were stranded in the capital Sanaa on the eve of United Nations-sponsored peace talks in Geneva with their government rivals. (jordantimes.com)
- VGD talks past, present and future with the Principal Game Designer for EVE Online. (videogamesdaily.com)
20002
- The university chancellor of the time (1839), Crown Prince Oscar I, had donated 2000 riksdaler to the Academic Society and in that way played an important part in the creation of the organisation. (lu.se)
- She began her career as in 2000 and at the time of the outbreak her work was mainly managerial, but with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic she was assigned to oversee the patients placed in an institutional quarantine setting prepared by the Ministry of Health in Oman's biggest sports complex. (who.int)
Dust3
- VGD took time out to chat with Kjartan Pierre Emilsson about EVE's evolution and development of Dust 514, a console-based online shooter set in the same universe. (videogamesdaily.com)
- Would it be true to say that Dust 514 is the long-planned planetary aspect of EVE Online built up into a whole new game? (videogamesdaily.com)
- CCP CEO Hilmar Veigar Petursson has been quoted as saying that the EVE Online and Dust 514 universes will "meld" in time, and that one of the ways this might happen is that EVE players will carry over agreements and alliances to the new game. (videogamesdaily.com)
Midnight2
Years2
- At the same time, he was able to relay his true thoughts and emotions he was holding back for several years. (wikipedia.org)
- I was six years-old at the time and the impetus for the excursion came from the Dublin Evening Herald, which had picked up the daily Roy Rogers comic strip several weeks earlier. (troymedia.com)
Beacon4
- Eve Urban Air Mobility Solutions (Eve) announced cooperation with Beacon, the maintenance coordination platform from EmbraerX, to be included in Eve's portfolio of service and support solutions. (stattimes.com)
- Both Eve and Beacon were incubated by EmbraerX, a market accelerator for disruptive innovation businesses from Embraer. (stattimes.com)
- Eve and Beacon are bringing new capabilities to the market, creating disruptive solutions for urban air mobility. (stattimes.com)
- Beacon, which recently announced agreements with ABS Jets and The Mobile Repair Team (MRT), has been creating a position for itself in the digital and agnostic aviation services industry by bringing together different stakeholders working on unscheduled interruptions to foster real-time collaboration. (stattimes.com)
Event1
- If so, I think we need to alert the general public and start with a public forum event including time to review tools that people may need, and how/where to access information and support. (cdc.gov)
People6
- Local reporters have been barred from speaking with family members of the deceased, as well as from running non-government-approved photos, especially photos that depict people grieving, the Financial Times ( FT ) reports. (time.com)
- One SCMP reporter was interrupted several times while trying to conduct interviews with victims' families by people who identified themselves as hospital volunteers, the Hong Kong-based newspaper says. (time.com)
- It's like people want to be developers for EVE online or something. (eveonline.com)
- People thank me for my service all the time but in reality, I hated that I. (ivaw.org)
- The fact that valuable screen time was being devoted to people singing didn't strike me as a plus. (troymedia.com)
- And support from other people will help you through those times when you are really itching to shop! (lu.se)
World1
- Vast and lawless, a breeding ground for the best and worst tendencies of online socialites, EVE Online has captured imaginations to an extent only World of Warcraft can rival. (videogamesdaily.com)
Ahead4
- The early response to 'Killing Eve' has been incredible - for that reason, as well as the fact that we wholeheartedly love this original, funny, thrillingly entertaining series, we are delighted to move ahead with a second season before we even premiere. (radiotimes.com)
- Use the Bathroom Ahead of Time - Use the restroom before you arrive or at one of the local restaurants or establishments. (goairlinkshuttle.com)
- To say to yourself ahead of time, "I'm not drinking. (suntimes.com)
- As she began her treatments, Carletta found she had a hard time getting motivated for the road ahead. (cdc.gov)
Memories3
- And for me, one the earliest such memories relates to Christmas Eve 1950. (troymedia.com)
- Memories of failed experiments, rejected papers, and frustrat- ing struggles for grant money all seem to kindly fade away with time. (lu.se)
- My plan was to buy less and have less in order to have more time to spend connecting with others and creating memories. (lu.se)
Life1
- Already in EVE, good players can play for free by using in-game money to purchase PLEX (30 day Concord Pilot's License Extensions) on the in-game market, from those who bought them for real life money. (videogamesdaily.com)
Contribute1
- Contribute to matttyson/Mac-Eve-Tools development by creating an account on GitHub. (mindanaotimes.net)
Website3
- The homepage for Xinhua's English website carried no mention of the Shanghai disaster by Monday afternoon local time. (time.com)
- Go to the official website of Eve Skill Planner Login. (mindanaotimes.net)
- Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. (vegasexperience.com)
Great2
- I do hope everyone had a great time shopping, tidying the house, wrapping gifts and opening them Christmas Eve or Christmas morning, visiting with friends and relatives, eating, eating, and more eating, and then finally relaxing the days after. (happyholidays.ca)
- It's 2015 and even though we may not have flying cars or time machines, we do have some great technology for tracking and alerting us to natural disasters that may be in our area. (cdc.gov)
Past1
- I've got to know both Jess and Eve very well over the past week,' he said when announcing his choice. (radiotimes.com)
Team3
- Christmas Eve briefing with my team working on North Korea - Progress being made. (latimes.com)
- Absent at the time the team photo was taken were Glascott and Parkin, in what was perhaps his first foray into the Royal Parade public house. (carltonfc.com.au)
- Also around this time, in 1900, Walter Reed and a team of colleagues demonstrated that yellow fever was transmitted by mosquitoes. (cdc.gov)
Service1
- This is a good way to introduce such a model in a subscription service such as EVE. (videogamesdaily.com)
Request2
Local2
- At about 12.30am on Dec. 25 local time, residents of the units that have been declared safe have returned. (theepochtimes.com)
- Lamees also points to the huge support given by the local community and the private sector, allowing health authorities to convert private buildings, including hotels and sports centres, into a COVID-19 hospital and medical facilities in a short space of time, adding extra beds for future patients and for use as quarantine facilities to isolate those who may have been in contact with confirmed cases. (who.int)
Free1
- Let them be free, Eve. (popmatters.com)
Love3
- Eve Gale has been dumped from Love Island. (radiotimes.com)
- Good day… And a Marvelous Monday to you… It's Christmas eve-day, and so I remember as a young boy, being so darn excited that I thought it took a week for this day to become night… I love Christmas, always have, and hope to always will. (dailypfennig.com)
- Why not use this time surrounded by those you love to talk about preparing for an emergency? (cdc.gov)
Live1
- The synchronous modality includes real-time telephonic or live audio-video interaction, typically with the patient using a smartphone, tablet, or computer. (cdc.gov)
Major2
- However, there have also been some major dumpings, including Eve Gale, half of identical twin duo Jess and Eve. (radiotimes.com)
- I have 2 major features I would like to see implemented into EVE. (eveonline.com)
Good5
- Taking public transit followed by a small walk is a good way to save time and money while also enjoying the festive scenery that will undoubtedly surround you. (goairlinkshuttle.com)
- The Currencies and metals have had a good run of it while I've been gone, as usual, but that's not what I'm here to write about today… And that brings me to Pfennig Tradition for Christmas eve-day. (dailypfennig.com)
- Despite their di erences, Good Time and Boiling Point have managed to impress and a ect numerous critics with their immersive and stressing elements. (lu.se)
- Good time. (lu.se)
- The analysis wil be based around the fol owing research questions: Through which visual and audiovisual elements is stress created and portrayed in Good Time and Boiling Point ? (lu.se)
Find1
- How to find Eve Skill Planner Login? (mindanaotimes.net)
Community1
- How do you think the practice of keeping one version of the universe in play on one set of servers, rather than maintaining several universes across several server sets, has affected how the EVE Online community has evolved? (videogamesdaily.com)
Early1
- Naughton's was established as the Port Phillip Agricultural Hotel and commenced trading in 1873 at a time when Parkville was still rural in character and is built on the site of Melbourne's early Hay, Corn and Horse Market. (carltonfc.com.au)
Place2
- I've been fortunate to have been at the right place at the right time,' Meryl observes. (smh.com.au)
- The Academic Society became a place where students eventually spent time on somewhat more peaceful activities than before. (lu.se)
Turn1
- What are Eve and Jess' turn offs? (radiotimes.com)
Christmas6
- Public transport operator SBS Transit is extending the operating hours of its train and bus services on Dec 24, Christmas eve. (straitstimes.com)
- It was, however, lighted on Christmas Eve. (latimes.com)
- Trump's blizzard of Christmas Eve tweets ranged from self-congratulatory to self-pitying in a now-familiar dynamic for a president who tends to claim either victory - or victimhood. (latimes.com)
- It's Time For Chuck's Traditional Christmas Eve Extranzaganda! (dailypfennig.com)
- It's Christmas time, who cares? (dailypfennig.com)
- It was what I wanted to hear on Christmas Eve. (troymedia.com)