Tumors or cancer of the THYROID GLAND.
An adenocarcinoma of the thyroid gland, in which the cells are arranged in the form of follicles. (From Dorland, 27th ed)
A highly vascularized endocrine gland consisting of two lobes joined by a thin band of tissue with one lobe on each side of the TRACHEA. It secretes THYROID HORMONES from the follicular cells and CALCITONIN from the parafollicular cells thereby regulating METABOLISM and CALCIUM level in blood, respectively.
A malignant neoplasm characterized by the formation of numerous, irregular, finger-like projections of fibrous stroma that is covered with a surface layer of neoplastic epithelial cells. (Stedman, 25th ed)
A benign epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.
A small circumscribed mass in the THYROID GLAND that can be of neoplastic growth or non-neoplastic abnormality. It lacks a well-defined capsule or glandular architecture. Thyroid nodules are often benign but can be malignant. The growth of nodules can lead to a multinodular goiter (GOITER, NODULAR).
Using fine needles (finer than 22-gauge) to remove tissue or fluid specimens from the living body for examination in the pathology laboratory and for disease diagnosis.
A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm but is often wrongly used as a synonym for "cancer." (From Dorland, 27th ed)
A usually benign glandular tumor composed of oxyphil cells, large cells with small irregular nuclei and dense acidophilic granules due to the presence of abundant MITOCHONDRIA. Oxyphil cells, also known as oncocytes, are found in oncocytomas of the kidney, salivary glands, and endocrine glands. In the thyroid gland, oxyphil cells are known as Hurthle cells and Askanazy cells.
A multifunctional galactin initially discovered as a macrophage antigen that binds to IMMUNOGLOBULIN E, and as 29-35-kDa lectin that binds LAMININ. It is involved in a variety of biological events including interactions with galactose-containing glycoconjugates, cell proliferation, CELL DIFFERENTIATION, and APOPTOSIS.
Natural hormones secreted by the THYROID GLAND, such as THYROXINE, and their synthetic analogs.
Pathological processes involving the THYROID GLAND.
Surgical removal of the thyroid gland. (Dorland, 28th ed)
Molecular products metabolized and secreted by neoplastic tissue and characterized biochemically in cells or body fluids. They are indicators of tumor stage and grade as well as useful for monitoring responses to treatment and predicting recurrence. Many chemical groups are represented including hormones, antigens, amino and nucleic acids, enzymes, polyamines, and specific cell membrane proteins and lipids.
Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.
Blood tests used to evaluate the functioning of the thyroid gland.
Specific high affinity binding proteins for THYROID HORMONES in target cells. They are usually found in the nucleus and regulate DNA transcription. These receptors are activated by hormones that leads to transcription, cell differentiation, and growth suppression. Thyroid hormone receptors are encoded by two genes (GENES, ERBA): erbA-alpha and erbA-beta for alpha and beta thyroid hormone receptors, respectively.
A glycoprotein hormone secreted by the adenohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). Thyrotropin stimulates THYROID GLAND by increasing the iodide transport, synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (THYROXINE and TRIIODOTHYRONINE). Thyrotropin consists of two noncovalently linked subunits, alpha and beta. Within a species, the alpha subunit is common in the pituitary glycoprotein hormones (TSH; LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FSH), but the beta subunit is unique and confers its biological specificity.
A T3 thyroid hormone normally synthesized and secreted by the thyroid gland in much smaller quantities than thyroxine (T4). Most T3 is derived from peripheral monodeiodination of T4 at the 5' position of the outer ring of the iodothyronine nucleus. The hormone finally delivered and used by the tissues is mainly T3.
The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.
A syndrome that results from abnormally low secretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID GLAND, leading to a decrease in BASAL METABOLIC RATE. In its most severe form, there is accumulation of MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES in the SKIN and EDEMA, known as MYXEDEMA.
Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA).
A hemeprotein that catalyzes the oxidation of the iodide radical to iodine with the subsequent iodination of many organic compounds, particularly proteins. EC 1.11.1.8.
High affinity receptors for THYROID HORMONES, especially TRIIODOTHYRONINE. These receptors are usually found in the nucleus where they regulate DNA transcription. They are encoded by the THRB gene (also known as NR1A2, THRB1, or ERBA2 gene) as several isoforms produced by alternative splicing. Mutations in the THRB gene cause THYROID HORMONE RESISTANCE SYNDROME.
New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.
Enlargement of the THYROID GLAND that may increase from about 20 grams to hundreds of grams in human adults. Goiter is observed in individuals with normal thyroid function (euthyroidism), thyroid deficiency (HYPOTHYROIDISM), or hormone overproduction (HYPERTHYROIDISM). Goiter may be congenital or acquired, sporadic or endemic (GOITER, ENDEMIC).
Hypersecretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID GLAND. Elevated levels of thyroid hormones increase BASAL METABOLIC RATE.
A nonmetallic element of the halogen group that is represented by the atomic symbol I, atomic number 53, and atomic weight of 126.90. It is a nutritionally essential element, especially important in thyroid hormone synthesis. In solution, it has anti-infective properties and is used topically.
Neoplasms containing cyst-like formations or producing mucin or serum.
Inflammatory disease of the THYROID GLAND due to autoimmune responses leading to lymphocytic infiltration of the gland. It is characterized by the presence of circulating thyroid antigen-specific T-CELLS and thyroid AUTOANTIBODIES. The clinical signs can range from HYPOTHYROIDISM to THYROTOXICOSIS depending on the type of autoimmune thyroiditis.
High affinity receptors for THYROID HORMONES, especially TRIIODOTHYRONINE. These receptors are usually found in the nucleus where they regulate DNA transcription. They are encoded by the THRA gene (also known as NR1A1, THRA1, ERBA or ERBA1 gene) as several isoforms produced by alternative splicing.
A common form of hyperthyroidism with a diffuse hyperplastic GOITER. It is an autoimmune disorder that produces antibodies against the THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE RECEPTOR. These autoantibodies activate the TSH receptor, thereby stimulating the THYROID GLAND and hypersecretion of THYROID HORMONES. These autoantibodies can also affect the eyes (GRAVES OPHTHALMOPATHY) and the skin (Graves dermopathy).
Two or more abnormal growths of tissue occurring simultaneously and presumed to be of separate origin. The neoplasms may be histologically the same or different, and may be found in the same or different sites.
An adenocarcinoma containing finger-like processes of vascular connective tissue covered by neoplastic epithelium, projecting into cysts or the cavity of glands or follicles. It occurs most frequently in the ovary and thyroid gland. (Stedman, 25th ed)
Unstable isotopes of iodine that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. I atoms with atomic weights 117-139, except I 127, are radioactive iodine isotopes.
A thyroid neoplasm of mixed papillary and follicular arrangement. Its biological behavior and prognosis is the same as that of a papillary adenocarcinoma of the thyroid. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1271)
An enlarged THYROID GLAND containing multiple nodules (THYROID NODULE), usually resulting from recurrent thyroid HYPERPLASIA and involution over many years to produce the irregular enlargement. Multinodular goiters may be nontoxic or may induce THYROTOXICOSIS.
Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.
A carcinoma composed mainly of epithelial elements with little or no stroma. Medullary carcinomas of the breast constitute 5%-7% of all mammary carcinomas; medullary carcinomas of the thyroid comprise 3%-10% of all thyroid malignancies. (From Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1141; Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)
A dangerous life-threatening hypermetabolic condition characterized by high FEVER and dysfunction of the cardiovascular, the nervous, and the gastrointestinal systems.

Over-representation of a germline RET sequence variant in patients with sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma and somatic RET codon 918 mutation. (1/4130)

The aetiology of sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma is unknown. About 50% harbour a somatic mutation at codon 918 of RET (M918T). To investigate whether other RET sequence variants may be associated with or predispose to the development of sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma, we analysed genomic DNA from the germline and corresponding tumour from 50 patients to identify RET sequence variants. In one patient, tumour DNA showed a novel somatic 12 bp in-frame deletion in exon 15. More interestingly, we found that the rare polymorphism at codon 836 (c.2439C > T; S836S) occurred at a significantly higher frequency than that in control individuals without sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma (Fisher's exact test, P = 0.03). Further, among the nine evaluable cases with germline c.2439C/T, eight also had the somatic M918T mutation in MTC DNA which was more frequent than in patients with the more common c.2439C/C (89% vs 40%, respectively; Fisher's exact test, P = 0.01). These findings suggest that the rare sequence variant at codon 836 may somehow play a role in the genesis of sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma.  (+info)

Medullary thyroid carcinoma with multiple hepatic metastases: treatment with transcatheter arterial embolization and percutaneous ethanol injection. (2/4130)

A 54-year-old man with medullary thyroid carcinoma in the thyroid gland was unable to undergo total thyroidectomy because the tumor had invaded the mediastinum. Radiation therapy and chemotherapy were given. Seven years later, intractable diarrhea and abdominal pain appeared, and computed tomography demonstrated hypervascular tumors in the thyroid gland and in the liver. The tumors were successfully treated with percutaneous ethanol injection to a lesion in the thyroid gland and transcatheter arterial embolization followed by percutaneous ethanol injection to tumors in the liver. Transcatheter arterial embolization and percutaneous ethanol injection may be valuable in treating medullary thyroid carcinoma.  (+info)

Epithelial thyroid tumors in cows. (3/4130)

From 1964 to 1973, 370 tumors were collected from cows of unknown age. Ten (2.7%) of these were primary thyroid tumors. Three were malignant. The benign tumors were solitary encapsulated adenomas in the parenchyma with more or less defined trabeculae, tubular, and microfollicular pattern. One of the malignant tumors was a cystic papillary adenocarcinoma, and two were small cell carcinomas consisting of small, sometimes binuclear, pleomorphic cells.  (+info)

Overexpression of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 in a human thyroid carcinoma cell line results in overgrowth of the confluent cultures. (4/4130)

Recent reports indicate that a gain-of-function mutation in fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR-3) inhibits cell growth in the cartilaginous growth plates. These results suggest that FGFR-3 may be the receptor transducing growth inhibitory signals. Using reverse transcription-PCR we examined seven papillary thyroid carcinomas to determine FGFR-3 expression. Six out of the seven papillary carcinomas expressed FGFR-3. To clarify the role of FGFR-3 in thyroid carcinoma, FGFR-3 was overexpressed in an established human papillary thyroid carcinoma cell line. High levels of FGFR-3 protein were identified in cells stably transfected with the vector containing FGFR-3 cDNA. The specific binding of 125I-FGF-2 of these cells was threefold higher than that of control cells. Growth rates of cells overexpressing FGFR-3 were similar to those of control cells. However, cells overexpressing FGFR-3 continued to grow beyond the density at which control cells stopped proliferating. These results suggest that FGFR-3 in thyroid carcinoma is not involved strongly in the cell proliferation mechanism but may contribute to the malignant extension of some of the carcinomas by modifying cell contact signaling.  (+info)

Psychosocial impact of genetic testing in familial medullary-thyroid carcinoma: a multicentric pilot-evaluation. (5/4130)

BACKGROUND: Many crucial problems are associated with the diagnosis of inherited cancer susceptibility. One of the most important is related to the psychosocial consequences of the knowledge by the patients and their relatives of their own genetical status. Little data are available in the literature, mainly from studies including small numbers of selected and motivated patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From January till December 1997, we studied the psychometric and quality of life parameters of 77 subjects followed in two French specialized centers. These subjects had been treated for either sporadic or familial or were at risk for medullary thyroid carcinoma. All patients had previously attended genetic counselling with detection of germline Ret-mutations, were informed on their own genetic risk, had good short-term prognosis and performance status and did not receive recent cancer treatment. Each patient was invited to answer two questionnaires, the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) and the subjective quality of life profile (SQLP). RESULTS: We report herein the descriptive results of this study (HADS and SQLP scores and distributions) and describe the individual clinical covariates that might explain the observed differences between subgroups of individuals. Although psychometric scores appeared similar in these subgroups, quality of life scores were lower in Ret-mutation carriers. Genetically-predisposed patients were less satisfied and expressed more expectations for favourable change in their quality of life. CONCLUSION: This finding suggests a high level of frustration and latent unsatisfaction related either to the management of the genetic information given by the clinicians and its psychosocial consequences or simply to the knowledge of the genetic risk of cancer. Further studies on the individual consequences of genetic testing, information delivery and when necessary psychotherapeutic interventions, are needed to insure the quality of presymptomatic genetic testing in this field of oncology.  (+info)

A new rapid technique for the fixation of thyroid gland surgical specimens. (6/4130)

One of the main diagnostic problems in thyroid pathology is to distinguish between follicular adenoma and follicular carcinoma. Thorough sampling of the nodule's capsule is recommended in order to identify capsular invasion. However, during the hardening of the tissue, by the usual fixatives the capsule shrinks and rolls downwards and sometimes the capsule separates from the remaining tissue. The present work evaluates the use of "Lymph Node Revealing Solution" (LNRS) for the rapid fixation (2h) of different thyroid lesions as compared to that of formalin. Fifty-one unselected consecutive cases of thyroid nodules, which included various benign and malignant lesions, were examined. Each specimen was cut in two equal parts; one was fixed in LNRS, the other in formalin. Fixation in LNRS for 2 hours gave adequate results in sectioning and staining of the tissue, and excellent immunostains. Its advantage over formalin is the conservation of the natural relationship between the capsule and the rest of the tissue, on the same plane, as well as the short time required for the final diagnosis.  (+info)

Overexpression of c-Ras in hyperplasia and adenomas of the feline thyroid gland: an immunohistochemical analysis of 34 cases. (7/4130)

Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded thyroid glands from 18 cats diagnosed with hyperthyroidism were evaluated immunohistochemically for overexpression of the products of oncogenes c-ras and bcl2 and the tumor suppressor gene p53. Fourteen thyroid glands from euthyroid cats without histologically detectable thyroid lesions were examined similarly as controls. Results from these investigations showed that all cases of nodular follicular hyperplasia/adenomas stained positively for overexpression of c-Ras protein using a mouse monoclonal anti-human pan-Ras antibody. The most intensely positively staining regions were in luminal cells surrounding abortive follicles. Subjacent thyroid and parathyroid glands from euthyroid cats did not stain immunohistochemically for pan-Ras. There was no detectable staining for either Bc12 or p53 in any of the cats. These results indicated that overexpression of c-ras was highly associated with areas of nodular follicular hyperplasia/adenomas of feline thyroid glands, and mutations in this oncogene may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of hyperthyroidism in cats.  (+info)

Human thyroid cancer cells as a source of iso-genic, iso-phenotypic cell lines with or without functional p53. (8/4130)

Differentiated thyroid carcinomas (in contrast to the rarer anaplastic form) are unusual among human cancers in displaying a remarkably low frequency of p53 mutation and appear to retain wild-type (wt) p53 function as assessed by the response of derived cell lines to DNA damage. Using one such cell line, K1, we have tested the effect of experimental abrogation of p53 function by generating matched sub-clones stably expressing either a neo control gene, a dominant-negative mutant p53 (143ala) or human papilloma virus protein HPV16 E6. Loss of p53 function in the latter two groups was confirmed by abolition of p53-dependent 'stress' responses including induction of the cyclin/CDK inhibitor p21WAF1 and G1/S arrest following DNA-damage. In contrast, no change was detected in the phenotype of 'unstressed' clones, with respect to any of the following parameters: proliferation rate in monolayer, serum-dependence for proliferation or survival, tumorigenicity, cellular morphology, or tissue-specific differentiation markers. The K1 line therefore represents a 'neutral' background with respect to p53 function, permitting the derivation of functionally p53 + or - clones which are not only iso-genic but also iso-phenotypic. Such a panel should be an ideal tool with which to test the p53-dependence of cellular stress responses, particularly the sensitivity to potential therapeutic agents, free from the confounding additional phenotypic differences which usually accompany loss of p53 function. The results also further support the hypothesis that p53 mutation alone is not sufficient to drive progression of thyroid cancer to the aggressive anaplastic form.  (+info)

TY - JOUR. T1 - Altered gene expression profiles by sodium/iodide symporter gene transfection in a human anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cell line using a radioactive complementary dna microarray. AU - Gol Choe, Jae. AU - Kim, Yu Ri. AU - Kim, Ki Nam. AU - Choo, Hyo Jung. AU - Shin, Jae Hoon. AU - Lee, Yong Jin. AU - Chung, June Key. AU - Kim, Meyoung Kon. PY - 2005/12. Y1 - 2005/12. N2 - The sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) is a membrane glycoprotein that mediates active I uptake during the treatment of cancer of the thyroid gland and extrathyroidal tissues. NIS gene transfection, a gene-therapy modality, has been introduced in many types of cancer, such as prostate cancer and breast cancer, and has demonstrated a high potential for the treatment of non-thyroidal cancers. To investigate the pattern of NIS gene expression and provide evidence of its beneficial effects in human anaplastic cancer ARO cells by using a radioactive complementary DNA (cDNA) microarray.. AB - The sodium/iodide symporter ...
Noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) is an indolent thyroid tumor that was previously classified as an encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma, necessitating a new classification as it was recognized that encapsulated tumors without invasion have an indolent behavior, and may be over-treated if classified as a type of cancer. Definition of noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP): A noninvasive neoplasm that arises from the thyroid follicular cells (cells that normally make thyroid hormone), showing a predominantly follicular growth pattern and with nuclear features of papillary thyroid carcinoma. There are several specific inclusion and exclusion criteria (see below). When these are met, this tumor has an extremely low malignant potential. Abbreviations: NIFTP: Noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features EFVPTC: Encapsulated follicular variant of ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Comprehensive genetic characterization of human thyroid cancer cell lines. T2 - A validated panel for preclinical studies. AU - Landa, Iñigo. AU - Pozdeyev, Nikita. AU - Korch, Christopher. AU - Marlow, Laura A.. AU - Smallridge, Robert Christian. AU - Copland, John A III. AU - Henderson, Ying C.. AU - Lai, Stephen Y.. AU - Clayman, Gary L.. AU - Onoda, Naoyoshi. AU - Tan, Aik Choon. AU - Garcia-Rendueles, Maria E.R.. AU - Knauf, Jeffrey A.. AU - Haugen, Bryan R.. AU - Fagin, James A.. AU - Schweppe, Rebecca E.. PY - 2019/1/1. Y1 - 2019/1/1. N2 - Purpose: Thyroid cancer cell lines are valuable models but have been neglected in pancancer genomic studies. Moreover, their misidentification has been a significant problem. We aim to provide a validated dataset for thyroid cancer researchers. Experimental Design: We performed next-generation sequencing (NGS) and analyzed the transcriptome of 60 authenticated thyroid cell lines and compared our findings with the known genomic defects ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Sonographic findings predictive of central lymph node metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. T2 - Influence of associated chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis on the diagnostic performance of sonography. AU - Yoo, Yeon Hwa. AU - Kim, Jeong Ah. AU - Son, Eun Ju. AU - Youk, Ji Hyun. AU - Kwak, Jin Young. AU - Kim, Eun Kyung. AU - Park, Cheong Soo. PY - 2013/12/1. Y1 - 2013/12/1. N2 - Objectives-To analyze sonographic findings suggesting central lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma and to evaluate the influence of associated chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis on the diagnostic performance of sonography for predicting central lymph node metastasis. Methods-A total of 124 patients (101 female and 23 male; mean age, 47.5 years; range, 21-74 years) underwent sonographically guided fine-needle aspiration in central lymph nodes from January 2008 to July 2011. Sonographic features of size, shape, margin, thickening of the cortex, cortical echogenicity, presence of ...
Mutation of the BRAF gene is common in thyroid cancer. Follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma is a variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma that has created continuous diagnostic controversies among pathologists. The aims of this study are to (1) investigate whether follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma has a different pattern of BRAF mutation than conventional papillary thyroid carcinoma in a large cohort of patients with typical features of follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma and (2) to study the relationship of clinicopathological features of papillary thyroid carcinomas with BRAF mutation. Tissue blocks from 76 patients with diagnostic features of papillary thyroid carcinomas (40 with conventional type and 36 with follicular variant) were included in the study. From these, DNA was extracted and BRAF V600E mutations were detected by polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction enzyme digestion and sequencing of exon 15. Analysis of the data indicated ...
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, which is one of the most aggressive, malignant tumors in humans, results in an extremely poor prognosis despite chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The present study was designed to evaluate therapeutic effects of radiation by glycerol on p53-mutant anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cells (8305c cells). To examine the effectiveness of glycerol in radiation induced lethality for anaplastic thyroid carcinoma 8305c cells, we performed colony formation assay and apoptosis analysis. Apoptosis was analyzed with Hoechst 33342 staining and DNA ladder formation assay. 8305c cells became radiosensitive when glycerol was added to culture medium before X-ray irradiation. Apoptosis was induced by X-rays in the presence of glycerol. However, there was little apoptosis induced by X-ray irradiation or glycerol alone. The binding activity of whole cell extracts to bax promoter region was induced by X-rays in the presence of glycerol but not by X-rays alone. These findings suggest that glycerol is
TY - JOUR. T1 - Involvement of cysteine-rich protein 61 in the epidermal growth factor-induced migration of human anaplastic thyroid cancer cells. AU - Chin, Li Han. AU - Hsu, Sung Po. AU - Zhong, Wen-Bin. AU - Liang, Yu Chih. PY - 2016. Y1 - 2016. N2 - Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is among the most aggressive types of malignant cancer. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of ATC, and patients with thyroid carcinoma typically exhibit increased cysteine-rich protein 61 (Cyr61). In this study, we found that EGF treatment induced cell migration, stress fiber formation, Cyr61 mRNA and protein expressions, and Cyr61 protein secretion in ATC cells. The recombinant Cyr61 protein significantly induced cell migration; however, inhibition of Cyr61 activity by a Cyr61-specific antibody abrogated EGF-induced cell migration. EGF treatment also affected epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related marker protein expression, as evidenced by an increase in vimentin and ...
An individual with 2 first-degree relatives who have or have had non-medullary thyroid cancer or a documented diagnosis of non-medullary thyroid cancer and one living relative with documented non-medullary thyroid cancer. (Note: as this is a familial study, subjects do not need to present with the disease.). OR. Any member of an affected family. (Note: for this study, an affected family is defined as a family having 2 or more 1st degree relatives with a documented diagnosis of FNMTC.). ...
While cancer can be a terrifying word, the most common kinds of thyroid cancer often have a good prognosis. There are five kinds of thyroid cancer: papillary thyroid cancer, follicular thyroid cancer, Hurthle cell cancer, medullary thyroid cancer, and anaplastic thyroid cancer. The most common form of thyroid cancer is papillary thyroid cancer which represents about 85% of all thyroid cancers. Papillary thyroid cancer generally carries a good prognosis. Follicular thyroid and Hurthle cell cancer represent about 10% of all thyroid cancers. Medullary and Anaplastic thyroid cancers are much more rare making up ,5% of all thyroid cancers.. Treatment for thyroid cancer requires the surgical removal of the thyroid cancer and sometimes the whole thyroid gland. Associated lymph nodes may also be removed if indicated. Approximately 8 weeks after the thyroid removal some patients will receive radioactive iodine if it is indicated. Thyroid replacement hormone will now be needed for life. If you have been ...
Department of Internal Medicine 4, Saitama Medical School, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan. Zinc at concentrations of 150, microM or higher induced necrosis as well as apoptosis in thyroid cancer cell lines. Necrosis was induced by zinc in a dose-dependent manner, whereas apoptosis did not increase at higher concentrations of zinc. The expression of the antiapoptotic protein phosphorylated Bad was markedly increased, whereas the expression of the proapoptotic proteins Bax and Bad decreased following Zn(2+) exposure. Zn(2+) induced rapid degradation of IkappaB, and an increase in the binding of nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB). These observations indicate that antiapoptotic pathways were activated in thyroid cancer cells following exposure to Zn(2+). This may be a self-defence mechanism against apoptosis and may underlie the general resistance of thyroid cancer cells to apoptotic stimuli. Zinc may be a potential cytotoxic agent for the treatment of ...
|i|Background.|/i| Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is a form of thyroid cancer with high risk of cervical lymph node metastasis. |i|Aim.|/i| The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and the predictive factors for occult ipsilateral central lymph node (CLN) metastasis in the patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. |i|Methods.|/i| A total of 916 PTC patients (1017 lesions) undergoing central lymph node dissection in our hospital from 2005 to 2011 were enrolled. The relationship between CLN metastasis and clinical factors such as gender, age, tumor size, tumor number, capsule invasion, and tumor location was analyzed. |i|Results.|/i| Occult CLN metastasis was observed in 52.41% (533/1017) of PTC lesions, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that age ≤ 35 years, tumor size > 1.5 cm, present capsule invasion/extracapsular invasion, and tumor located in upper/middle pole/whole lobe were risk factors of CLN metastasis. |i|Conclusions.|/i| Tumor located in upper
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is fatal if unresectable. However, improved survival has been reported after gross total resection and multimodality therapy. In this report, we describe the contrast-enhanced high-resolution CT characteristics of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma in 57 patients. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma presented as a large neck mass with necrosis in 82% of cases. The tumors demonstrated common extrathyroidal extension (91%). Sixty-two percent of tumors demonstrated calcification. Visceral space invasion involved the esophagus (62%), trachea (57%), and larynx (29%). Carotid artery encasement was present in 42%, and 43% involved the internal jugular vein. Sixty-three percent had lateral compartment lymphadenopathy; 58% of these nodes were necrotic, and 11% were cystic. No metastatic nodes had calcification. Central compartment lymphadenopathy was seen in 56% of cases, and lateral retropharyngeal lymphadenopathy was detected in 12%. Knowledge of these imaging features aids in guiding ...
Introduction: We report an unusual case of adenocarcinoma of lung metachronous with stage IVA papillary thyroid carcinoma. The two tumors are morphologically similar; and the later presence of lung mass could clinically masquerade as metastatic thyroid carcinoma. We discuss the challenges in clinical, imaging and pathologic diagnosis. Case Report: A 64-year-old non-smoking female had a thyroidectomy and neck lymph node dissection for a stage IVA tumor with pathologic findings of one 2 mm microcarcinoma of left thyroid and six positive cervical lymph nodes. The post-surgical I131 whole body scan was negative and thyroglobulin is suppressed and stable (
Rapid progression contributes to treatment failure in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) patients. In a preliminary study, we demonstrated that some hematopoietic factors may be involved in the progression of ATC. The adaptor protein LNK, which is a negative regulator of hematopoietic cytokine signalling, has been studied extensively in malignant hematopoietic cells. However, there are few studies on LNK in solid tumours. Real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blot analysis of LNK were performed on ATC cells, differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) cells and normal thyroid cells. In vitro assays (including pull-down, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), co-IP, MTT and colony formation) were performed to validate the effect of LNK on ATC progression and elucidate the molecular mechanisms. Compared with DTC cells and normal thyroid cells, ATC cells exhibit overexpression of LNK. In addition, LNK overexpression results in increased proliferation of ATC cells. Conversely, LNK
A collision tumor involving a tracheal sarcomatoid carcinoma and a papillary thyroid carcinoma has never been reported in the literature. A 78-year-old female presented with a large neck mass and hoarseness. A fine needle aspiration demonstrated papillary thyroid carcinoma. Imaging revealed a right thyroid mass invading into the tracheal lumen with bulky ipsilateral lymphadenopathy. The patient underwent a total thyroidectomy, tracheal resection, and central and right neck dissections. Pathology demonstrated a tracheal sarcomatoid carcinoma invading the right thyroid, which had multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma with central and lateral neck metastases. The patient subsequently received adjuvant chemoradiotherapy and radioactive iodine. We present a case of a tracheal sarcomatoid carcinoma colliding with a papillary thyroid cancer. Treatment modalities should address the most aggressive tumor, while being tailored to clinical picture, tumor histology, and patient preferences.
Introduction: The commonest metastases to the thyroid are from renal cell carcinomas (RCC) and 23 48% of all thyroid metastases are RCCs. They may occur many years after RCC excision, the longest reported latent period being 20 years. Sunitinib (SUN), a multiple targeted anti-cancer drug, is increasingly used for RCC therapy but may cause thyroid dysfunction in some usually hypothyroidism. We report a patient who presented with thyroid metastases 21 years after RCC excision, who developed biphasic thyroid dysfunction during SUN therapy.. Case presentation: A 76-year-old woman who had a nephrectomy for RCC 21 years before, and was on no relevant medication, presented with an enlarging right thyroid nodule. She had a thyroid lobectomy following inadequate FNAC of the nodule. Histology revealed metastatic clear cell renal carcinoma. CT scans revealed possible pancreatic and ovarian metastases but no recurrence at the original site. She was started on SUN for disseminated disease, after ...
Persistent RET activation is a frequent event in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). In these cancers, RET activates the ERK/MAPK, the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and the JAK/STAT3 pathways. Here, we tested the efficacy of a JAK1/2- inhibitor, AZD1480, in the in vitro and in vivo growth of thyroid cancer cell lines expressing oncogenic RET. Thyroid cancer cell lines harboring RET/PTC1 (TPC-1), RET M918T (MZ-CRC1) and RET C634W (TT) alterations, as well as TPC-1 xenografts, were treated with JAK inhibitor, AZD1480. This inhibitor led to growth inhibition and/or apoptosis of the thyroid cancer cell lines in vitro, as well as to tumor regression of TPC-1 xenografts, where it efficiently blocked STAT3 activation in tumor and stromal cells. This inhibition was associated with decreased proliferation, decreased blood vessel density, coupled with increased necrosis. However, AZD1480 repressed the growth of STAT3- deficient TPC-1 cells in vitro and in vivo, demonstrating that its effects
OBJECTIVE: The role of routine central lymph node dissection (CLND) for clinically central lymph node negative (CN0) papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) remains uncertain. We aim to determine the predictive factors for central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 273 patients diagnosed with clinically central lymph node negative PTMC from 2014 to 2016 were included. The predictive risk factors for CLNM were analyzed with respect to age, sex, tumor size, tumor multifocal, lymphadenectasis of lateral neck, capsular invasion, extra capsular spread (ECS), coexistence of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (Hashimoto thyroiditis, HT) and nodular goiter (NG), BRAFV600E mutation and subtype of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC ...
Studies on genetic susceptibility for thyroid cancer could have important relevance to understand the etiology of this pathology. Thus, association studies aimed to identify genes for thyroid cancer risk have been recently published (9-12), although no specific genes for thyroid cancer susceptibility have yet been described. Our previous study, using the BAT-40 marker in a case-control study, indicated that the chromosome 1p12-13 is related to thyroid cancer susceptibility (13). Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to map the susceptibility loci on this region. In this context, we have scanned a region of ∼2.4 Mb surrounding the BAT-40 marker by genotyping six single-nucleotide polymorphisms in a Spanish population. This study has allowed us to identify in our population two independent genetic susceptibility loci on chromosome 1p12.. Association analysis using a case-control design showed a strong association between the rs2145418 marker and thyroid cancer incidence, and similar results ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - PD-1 Blockade in Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma. AU - Capdevila, Jaume. AU - Wirth, Lori J.. AU - Ernst, Thomas. AU - Ponce Aix, Santiago. AU - Lin, Chia Chi. AU - Ramlau, Rodryg. AU - Butler, Marcus O.. AU - Delord, Jean Pierre. AU - Gelderblom, Hans. AU - Ascierto, Paolo A.. AU - Fasolo, Angelica. AU - Führer, Dagmar. AU - Hütter-Krönke, Marie Luise. AU - Forde, Patrick M.. AU - Wrona, Anna. AU - Santoro, Armando. AU - Sadow, Peter M.. AU - Szpakowski, Sebastian. AU - Wu, Hongqian. AU - Bostel, Geraldine. AU - Faris, Jason. AU - Cameron, Scott. AU - Varga, Andreea. AU - Taylor, Matthew. PY - 2020/8/10. Y1 - 2020/8/10. N2 - PURPOSE: Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is an aggressive malignancy that is almost always fatal and lacks effective systemic treatment options for patients with BRAF-wild type disease. As part of a phase I/II study in patients with advanced/metastatic solid tumors, patients with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma were treated with spartalizumab, a humanized ...
The incidence of thyroid cancer, the most common endocrine malignancy, continues to increase steadily during the past few decades worldwide [1, 2]. The majority of thyroid cancer types are classified as: follicular epithelial cell-derived papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), follicular thyroid cancer (FTC), anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC), and para-follicular C-cell derived medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) [3]. The prognosis of patients with thyroid cancer is closely correlated with local invasion outside the thyroid capsule and the development of distant metastases [4]. Therefore, dissecting the molecular mechanisms underlying thyroid cancer invasion and metastasis is still imperative and may put new insight into the clinical treatment of thyroid cancer.. Human tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2 (TACSTD2), also known as trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (Trop2), is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein originally identified in human placental trophoblastic tissue [5]. As a cell surface ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - New therapeutic options for advanced forms of thyroid cancer. AU - Bernet, Victor. AU - Smallridge, Robert. PY - 2014/6. Y1 - 2014/6. N2 - Introduction: While the vast majority of patients with thyroid cancer have an excellent prognosis, those with more aggressive courses experience significant morbidity and mortality. Advanced forms of thyroid cancer are typically refractory to standard therapy. Numerous agents with potential usefulness in the treatment of advanced thyroid cancer have recently come under study. Areas covered: This article reviews agents identified through a systematic review of the scientific literature as being under investigation for treatment of advanced thyroid cancer. A search of both PubMed and the NCI Clinical Trials website was performed to identify such agents having reached Phase II or III testing. Improved understanding of cancer cell signaling pathways has led to the identification of , 500 kinases as potential therapeutic targets. Additional agents ...
The survival rate of anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is still very poor due to its fast growth and high metastatic potential. Currently, no effective treatment is available. The active form of vitamin D3, 1α,25(OH)2D3, has been shown to have a anti-metastatic effect in pre-clinical studies, however induction of hypercalcemia hampered its clinical application. The new class of less-calcemic vitamin D analog, 19-nor-2α-(3-hydroxypropyl)-1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (MART-10), is much more potent than 1α,25(OH)2D3 to repress cancer growth and metastasis in a variety of cancers. In this study, we demonstrated that both 1α,25(OH)2D3 and MART-10 could effectively inhibit the migration and invasion of ATC cells, 8305C and 8505C, with MART-10 much more potent than 1α,25(OH)2D3. The anti-metastatic effect of 1α,25(OH)2D3 and MART-10 on ATC cells is mediated by reversal of cadherin switch (upregulation of E-cadherin and downregulation of N-cadherin), which led to the attenuation of EMT process, and decrease
A comprehensive analysis of MNG1, TCO1, fPTC, PTEN, TSHR, and TRKA in familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer: Confirmation of linkage to TCO1. About 5% of nonmedullary thyroid cancer is familial. These familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer cases are characterized by an earlier age of onset, more aggressive phenotype, and in some families a high propensity to benign thyroid disease. Little is known about the genes conferring predisposition to nonmedullary thyroid cancer. Three loci have been identified through genetic linkage: MNG1 on 14q32, TCO1 on 19p13.2, and fPTC on 1p21. In addition to these putative genes, a number of loci represent candidate familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer predisposition genes by virtue of their involvement in sporadic disease (TRKA), their role in benign disease (TSHR), and because they underlie syndromes with a risk of nonmedullary thyroid cancer (PTEN). To evaluate the roles of MNG1, TCO1, fPTC, PTEN, TSHR, and TRKA in familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer, we have ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Tumor immune microenvironment characteristics of papillary thyroid carcinoma are associated with histopathological aggressiveness and BRAF mutation status. AU - Means, Casey. AU - Clayburgh, Daniel. AU - Maloney, Lauren. AU - Sauer, David. AU - Taylor, Matthew H.. AU - Shindo, Maisie. AU - Coussens, Lisa. AU - Tsujikawa, Takahiro. PY - 2019/1/1. Y1 - 2019/1/1. N2 - Background: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) follows an indolent course; however, up to 30% of patients develop recurrent disease requiring further treatment. Profiling PTC immune complexity may provide new biomarkers for improved risk prediction. Methods: Immune complexity profiles were quantitatively evaluated by multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) in archived tissue sections from 39 patients with PTC, and were assessed for correlations with aggressive histopathological features based on the presence of lymphovascular invasion and/or extrathyroidal extension, and BRAF V600E mutational status. Results: mIHC ...
Sorafenib (Nexavar), is a multikinase inhibitor, which has demonstrated both antiproliferative and antiangiogenic properties in vitro and in vivo, inhibiting the activity of targets present in the tumoral cells (c-RAF [proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase], BRAF, (V600E)BRAF, c-KIT, and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3) and in tumor vessels (c-RAF, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor [VEGFR]-2, VEGFR-3, and platelet-derived growth factor receptor β). Sorafenib was initially approved for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and advanced renal cell carcinoma. Experimental studies have demonstrated that sorafenib has both antiproliferative and antiangiogenic properties in vitro and in vivo, against thyroid cancer cells. Furthermore, several completed (or ongoing) studies have evaluated the long-term efficacy and tolerability of sorafenib in patients with papillary, follicular and medullary aggressive thyroid cancer. The results of the different studies showed good clinical ...
Inclusion Criteria: - Histologically confirmed locally advanced or metastatic thyroid cancer - Measurable disease - Normal blood pressure (if history of hypertension, blood pressure must be controlled with medication) - Evidence of disease progression within 6 months before starting study (for differentiated thyroid cancer subjects) - Evidence of disease progression within 6 months before starting study OR symptomatic disease (for medullary thyroid cancer subjects) - Not a candidate for surgical resection, external beam radiotherapy, radioiodine therapy, or other local therapy - At least 18 years of age Exclusion Criteria: - Undifferentiated/anaplastic thyroid cancer - Untreated or symptomatic brain metastases - Prior malignancy, unless cured with treatment and no evidence of disease for greater than or equal to 3 years before starting study (history of thyroid cancer, in situ cervical cancer, or basal cell cancer of skin are exceptions) - Myocardial infarction or any unstable cardiac condition ...
Objective: To assess predictors of well-differentiated thyroid cancer (WDTC) persistence/recurrence. Design: This was a retrospective chart review of thyroid carcinoma patients seen 1979-2007 in a Boston, Massachusetts-area multispecialty group. Of 1,025 patients, 431 met eligibility criteria. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess predictors (gender, age, ethnicity, tumor size, surgical histology) of WDTC persistence/recurrence (elevated thyroglobulin levels with negative thyroglobulin-antibodies; or positive imaging). Local extension of disease and lymph node involvement could not be assessed. Results: Mean age at initial surgery (n = 431, 74% women, 79% Caucasian) was 45.8 \(\pm\) 13.5(SD) years. Mean tumor (papillary, 91%; follicular, 5%; Hurthle cell, 2%; \(\ge\)1 type, 2%) size was 2.5 \(\pm\) 1.6(SD) cm. Most tumors were unifocal (57%) and \(\ge\)1 cm (89%). Over 2,600 person-years of follow-up, persistence/recurrence occurred in 52 patients (12%) 4.3 years (median; range ...
Thyroid cancer, the commonest of endocrine malignancies, continues increasing in incidence being the 5th more prevalent cancer among women in the United States in 2012. Familial thyroid cancer has become a well-recognized, unique, clinical entity in patients with thyroid cancer originating from follicular cells, that is, nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma. Hereditary nonmedullary thyroid cancer may occur as a minor component of familial cancer syndromes (familial adenomatous polyposis, Gardners...
Wee1 is a kinase that regulates the G2/M progression by the inhibition of CDK1, which is critical for ensuring DNA damage repair before initiation of mitotic entry. Targeting Wee1 may be a potential strategy in the treatment of anaplastic thyroid cancer, a rare but lethal disease. The therapeutic effects of adavosertib, a Wee1 inhibitor for anaplastic thyroid cancer was evaluated in this study. Adavosertib inhibited cell growth in three anaplastic thyroid cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Cell cycle analysis revealed cells were accumulated in the G2/M phase. Adavosertib induced caspase-3 activity and led to apoptosis. Adavosertib monotherapy showed significant retardation of the growth of two anaplastic thyroid cancer tumor models. The combination of adavosertib with dabrafenib and trametinib revealed strong synergism in vitro and demonstrated robust suppression of tumor growth in vivo in anaplastic thyroid cancer xenograft models with BRAF V600E mutation. The combination of ...
The study objective is to analyze the mutation profile of the tall cell variant (TCV) of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Materials and methods. The main inclusion criteria according to the WHO classification (2017) was PTC composed of at least 30 % of tall cells. Genetic examination was conducted using the FoundationOne CDx assay (USA) with median depth of coverage of |500x. This study included 5 patients (1 man and 4 women) with a mean age of 52.6 years (range: 48-56 years). The tumor size varied between 0.4 x 0.5 cm and 11.0 x 9.0 cm. All patients have undergone surgical treatment: hemithyroidectomy for patient No. 1 with a small tumor (pT1b); thyroidectomy for patient No. 2 (pT3b); extensive thyroidectomy with the removal of paratracheal tissue for patients No. 3, 4, and 5 (No. 3 - pT3bN0; No. 4 - pT3bN1b; No. 5 - pT3bN1b). Three out of the five patients also had adenomatous goiter. The mean follow-up time was 3.4 to 5.2 years. Results. Tumors in all patients were characterized by low mutational
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has given Priority Review designation to the New Drug Application for lenvatinib mesylate as a treatment for progressive radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer. Lenvatinib is an oral multiple receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with a unique binding mode that selectively inhibits the kinase activities of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors, in addition to other proangiogenic and oncogenic pathway-related tyrosine kinases thought to be involved in tumor proliferation.. Priority Review designation is granted when the FDA believes the drug has the potential to provide a significant improvement in safety or effectiveness of the treatment, prevention, or diagnosis of a serious condition.. Lenvatinib was previously granted Orphan Drug designation for use in various types of thyroid cancer in the United States, Japan, and Europe. It is currently under investigation in thyroid, hepatocellular, endometrial, non-small cell lung ...
This study aims to determine the functional roles of microRNA-34b-5p (miR-34b) in the suppression of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. We used hydration-of-freeze-dried-matrix (HFDM) formulated liposomes (liposome-loaded miR-34b) for effective delivery of miR-34b to anaplastic thyroid carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Real time polymerase chain was used to determine the level of miR-34b. Immunocytochemistry, Western blot and ELISA were carried out to determine the effect of this manipulation on VEGF-A expression. In addition, an in vivo xenotransplantation mouse model was used to investigate the functional roles of overexpression of miR-34b in the carcinoma. In anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cells, miR-34b expression was low and significant overexpression (p , 0.05) was noted following transfection with liposome-loaded miR-34b. The miR-34b overexpressed thyroid carcinoma cell lines showed reduction in VEGF-A protein expression, decreased cell proliferation, decreased wound healing, reduced cell cycle ...
Though most types of thyroid cancer are cured by surgery and adjuvant radio- iodine therapy and TSH suppression, patients with radio-iodine refractory thyroid carcinoma as well as with medullary thyroid carcinoma, a neuroendocrine malignancy that does not express iodine transporter, are difficult to treat because of the lack of effective systemic treatment. Therefore, there is an urgent need of novel therapeutic measures for these patients. Thyroid cancer is frequently associated to the oncogenic conversion of protein kinases such as RET (medullary thyroid cancer) and BRAF (papillary and undifferentiated thyroid cancer). Therefore, protein kinase small molecule inhibitors (PKI) have been considered as promising novel agents for the treatment of thyroid carcinoma. Compounds that revealed good RET and BRAF activity both in clinical (vandetanib for RET) and in pre-clinical (vemurafenib for BRAF) settings have been identified. Recently, vandetanib was approved for patients with medullary thyroid ...
Objective: Describe a case of a patient diagnosed with papillary thyroid carcinoma by a retropharyngeal tumor.. Methods: A 46-year-old male was referred from the otorhinolaryngology consult to our department with the post-operative diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma, with 6 months history of upper airway dyspnea and dysphagia to solids. Physical examination: right side adenopathies, not painful on palpation. No goitre. Laryngoscopy: hypertrophy of right posterior pharyngeal wall, epiglottis with rotation. Glotis was permeable. Mobile vocal cords. Pyriform sinus free. Cervical and thoracic TC: right retropharyngeal and internal jugular adenopathic conglomerates. Subcentimetrical mediastinal lymph nodes. Nasopharyngeal MRI: right retropharyngeal paracentral mass rejecting adjacent structures. FNA of cervical lymph node: lymph node with metastases of papillary thyroid carcinoma.. Results: Surgical treatment is decided. Transcervical excision was performed in right parapharyngeal tumor, ...
Anaplastic thyroid cancer arises from cells of the thyroid, which are normally involved in production and secretion of thyroid hormones, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Anaplastic thyroid tumor is always considered as stage IV. Genes involved in the pathogenesis of follicular thyroid cancer include P53 and BRAF. ...
Through a transcriptome microarray analysis, we have isolated Anterior gradient protein 2 (AGR2) as a gene up-regulated in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). AGR2 is a disulfide isomerase over-expressed in several human carcinomas and recently linked to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Here, we analyzed the expression of AGR2 in PTC and its functional role. Expression of AGR2 was studied by immunohistochemistry and real time PCR in normal thyroids and in PTC samples. The function of AGR2 was studied by knockdown in PTC cells and by ectopic expression in non-transformed thyroid cells. The role of AGR2 in the ER stress was analyzed upon treatment of cells, expressing or not AGR2, with Bortezomib and analyzing by Western blot the expression levels of GADD153. PTC over-expressed AGR2 at mRNA and protein levels. Knockdown of AGR2 in PTC cells induced apoptosis and decreased migration and invasion. Ectopic expression of AGR2 in non-transformed human thyroid cells increased migration and invasion and
Background: Recent decades have seen a rise in the incidence of well-differentiated (mainly papillary) thyroid carcinoma around the world. In Germany, the age-adjusted incidence of well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma in 2010 was 3.5 per 100 000 men and 8.7 per 100 000 women per year. Method: This review is based on randomized, controlled trials and multicenter trials on the treatment of well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma that were retrieved by a selective literature search, as well as on three updated guidelines issued in the past two years. Results: The recommended extent of surgical resection depends on whether the tumor is classified as low-risk or high-risk, so that papillary microcar cinomas, which carry a highly favorable prognosis, will not be overtreated. More than 90% of localized, well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas can be cured with a combination of surgery and radioactive iodine therapy. Radio active iodine therapy is also effective in the treatment of well-differentiated ...
Surgery of well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma: the pendulum swings back in the central neck. Endocr Pract. 2010 Sep-Oct; 16(5):913-7 ...
Aschebrook-Kilfoy B, Ward MH, Sabra MM, Devesa SS. Thyroid cancer incidence patterns in the United States by histologic type, 1992-2006. Thyroid 2011;21(2):125-34. https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2010.0021. Lang BH, Yih PCL, Shek TWH, Wan KY, Wong KP, Lo CY. Factors affecting the adequacy of lymph node yield in prophylactic unilateral central neck dissection for papillary thyroid carcinoma. J Surg Oncol 2012;106(8):966-71. https://doi.org/10.1002/jso.23201. American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts & Figures 2016. Atlanta: American Cancer Society; 2016 [cited 2016 November 10]. Available from: https://old.cancer.org/acs/groups/content/@research/documents/document/acspc-047079.pdf. Cooper D, Doherty G, Haugen B, Kloos R, Lee S, Mandel S, et al. American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines task force on thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer. Revised American thyroid association management guidelines for patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroid ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Obatoclax overcomes resistance to cell death in aggressive thyroid carcinomas by countering Bcl2a1 and Mcl1 overexpression. AU - Champa, Devora. AU - Russo, Marika A.. AU - Liao, Xiao Hui. AU - Refetoff, Samuel. AU - Ghossein, Ronald A.. AU - Di Cristofano, Antonio. PY - 2014/10/1. Y1 - 2014/10/1. N2 - Poorly differentiated tumors of the thyroid gland (PDTC) are generally characterized by a poor prognosis due to their resistance to available therapeutic approaches. The relative rarity of these tumors is a major obstacle to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms leading to tumor aggressiveness and drug resistance, and consequently to the development of novel therapies. By simultaneously activating Kras and deleting p53 (Trp53) in thyroid follicular cells, we have generated a novel mouse model that develops papillary thyroid cancer invariably progressing to PDTC. In several cases, tumors further progress to anaplastic carcinomas. The poorly differentiated tumors are ...
Tumor invasiveness is directly related to the ability of tumor cells to migrate and invade surrounding tissues, usually degrading extracellular matrix. Despite significant progress in the knowledge about migration and invasion, there is much more to elucidate about their regulatory mechanisms, especially in cancer cells. MicroRNAs (miRs) were recently described as important regulators of migration. Differential expression of miRs in cancer is frequently associated with progression, invasion and metastasis. In papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), miR-146b-5p is highly expressed and positively correlated to the degree of malignancy. This study aimed to investigate the role of miR-146b-5p on the migratory and invasive behaviors of thyroid cells, using a non tumor rat thyroid follicular cell line (PCCl3) transfected with the miR-146b-5p genomic region, and two PTC cell lines (TPC-1 and BCPAP, bearing distinct oncogenic backgrounds), which express high levels of miR-146b-5p, after miR-146b inhibition by
Results: In 12 out of 4314 cases (0.27%) suspicious FNAB results were found. Suspicious thyroid lesion results were found in 9 patients (8 F, 1 M), aged 46-73 (average 56 years) followed up for 3-57 months after RT: papillary cancer in two patients, Hürthle cell tumour in one patient, and suspicious cells in two patients (with benign lesions on postoperative histopathology). Two patients refused surgery (a suspicion of papillary cancer in one case and suspicious cells in FNAB in the second case). A follicular tumour in FNAB was suspected in two cases (no data about the first, and the second with lung cancer was not operable). In the remaining 3 cases FNAB revealed lymph node metastases due to other cancers ...
Although conventional histology and FNA are considered as gold standards, the pathologists are confronted with difficulties in reaching an accurate differential diagnosis between benign and malignant thyroid nodules. To improve disease identification, immunohistochemical markers, such as cytokeratin-19 (CK19) and galectin-3, have been proposed and their efficiencies for thyroid cancer diagnosis have been evaluated. CK19 is the smallest member of cytokeratin family and belongs to the intermediate filaments. Several studies reported that CK19 expression is strong and diffuse in papillary carcinoma and absent or low in benign thyroid lesions (8,9,15-17). Galectin-3, a structurally unique member of galectin family with an N-terminal tail composed of nine collagen-like repeats and a peptide with sites for Ser phosphorylation (39), is anti-apoptotic, associated with the pathogenesis of well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma (7,10-14). However, these markers have shown some limitations because ...
1.A study by Kim et al evaluated the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation for localized small recurrent thyroid cancers less than 2 cm by comparing them with those at repeat surgery.. 2. 73 patients with recurrent thyroid cancer who had been treated with (RFA) or repeat surgery.. 3. Recurrence-free survival rates and post-treatment complication rates were compared between RFA and reoperation groups.. 4.The 1- and 3-year recurrence-free survival rates and post-treatment hoarseness rates were comparable for RFA and reoperation groups.. 5. Post-treatment hypocalcemia occurred exclusively in the reoperation group.. 6 RFA may be an effective and safe alternative to repeat surgery in patients with locally recurrent small thyroid cancers.. Kim JH et al. Radiology. 2015;276(3):909-918.. RFA can also be used in combination with External beam to shrink thyroid cancer and relieve airway obstruction as seen in this case from Dr.JH Bek for Seoul Korea.. ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - The role of positron emission tomography/computed tomography in the management of recurrent papillary thyroid carcinoma. AU - Nahas, Zayna. AU - Goldenberg, David. AU - Fakhry, Carol. AU - Ewertz, Marjorie. AU - Zeiger, Martha. AU - Ladenson, Paul W.. AU - Wahl, Richard. AU - Tufano, Ralph P.. PY - 2005/2/1. Y1 - 2005/2/1. N2 - Objectives/Hypothesis: The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of combined positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) fusion imaging in the detection and management of recurrent papillary thyroid cancer. Study Design: A retrospective analysis of 33 patients with suspected recurrent papillary thyroid carcinoma who had undergone PET/CT was performed. PET/CT was compared with standard imaging techniques in each patient to determine whether PET/CT contributed to the therapeutic management plan. Histopathological findings were correlated to PET/CT in patients who imderwent surgery. Methods: The senior author reviewed the charts of 33 ...
Second of a new series of Mini-Editorials in Thyroid News. While accounting for only 1% of solid malignancies, thyroid carcinoma is the most common malignancy of the endocrine system. The majority are patients with well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma of follicular cell origin who are cured with adequate surgical management and radioiodine therapy. However, some thyroid malignancies, such as medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) or poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma, frequently metastasize, precluding patients from a curative resection.. The molecular bases of differentiated thyroid carcinoma, MTC, and anaplastic thyroid cancer are well characterized and the critical genetic pathways involved in the development of specific tumor histological types have been elucidated. Of primary importance has been the recognition of key oncogenic mutations such as BRAF, RET and RAS in papillary (PTC) and RET in medullary (MTC) carcinomas. These genes code for kinases that activate signalling through the ...
Six patients experienced voice change immediately after RFA. Voice change was recovered in 5 patients. One patient without recovery was treated with vocal cord medialization. All 6 patients with voice change had tumors in the level VI. There were no other significant complications, and most of the patients tolerated the RFA procedure well. Although some patients reported a burning sensation, pain, or both, the symptoms were relieved by reducing the RF power or stopping the ablation for several seconds.. In conclusion, RFA can be effective in treating loco-regional, recurrent, and well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma in patients at high surgical risk.. ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Peripheral location and infiltrative margin predict invasive features of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. AU - Lee, Woo Kyung. AU - Lee, Jandee. AU - Kim, Hyunji. AU - Lee, Seul Gi. AU - Choi, Sun Hyung. AU - Jeong, Seonhyang. AU - Kwon, Hyeong Ju. AU - Jung, Sang Geun. AU - Jo, Young Suk. PY - 2019. Y1 - 2019. N2 - Objective: Tumor location in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) might determine tumor outgrowth from the thyroid gland. However, the clinical implications of tumor location and minimal extrathyroid extension (mETE) have not been well elucidated. We aimed to investigate the relationship between tumor location and mETE to predict the aggressiveness of PTMC. Methods: A total of 858 patients with PTMC were grouped according to tumor location on ultrasonography: central (cPTMC) and peripheral PTMC (pPTMC). PTMC without mETE (PTMC-mETE(-)) was divided further according to margin shape: encapsulated (E-) or infiltrative (I-). To understand the molecular biologic ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Clinicopathologic features and outcomes in patients with diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma. AU - Akaishi, Junko. AU - Sugino, Kiminori. AU - Kameyama, Kaori. AU - Masaki, Chie. AU - Matsuzu, Kenichi. AU - Suzuki, Akifumi. AU - Uruno, Takashi. AU - Ohkuwa, Keiko. AU - Shibuya, Hiroshi. AU - Kitagawa, Wataru. AU - Nagahama, Mitsuji. AU - Shimizu, Kazuo. AU - Ito, Koichi. PY - 2015/7/5. Y1 - 2015/7/5. N2 - Background: Diffuse sclerosing variant (DSV) of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is a rare variant more common among younger patients. Materials and methods: Excluding patients with microcarcinoma, 5848 patients with PTC underwent initial surgery between 1995 and 2011. Twenty-two patients (0.4 %) were histologically diagnosed with DSV, of whom 20 (91 %) were ,45 years old. We compared clinicopathologic characteristics and outcomes between patients with DSV and those with classical PTC ,45 years old. Univariate analysis by the Kaplan-Meier method in ...
A series of 41 poorly differentiated follicular carcinomas of the thyroid gland without histopathological features of medullary or papillary carcinoma and 9 cases of undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma of the small cell type (diagnosed between 1967 and 1983) were investigated immunohistochemically. Two poorly differentiated follicular carcinomas showed a considerable number of calcitonin-positive cells in addition to the weakly thyroglobulin-positive tumor cells. One of these cases revealed several areas with calcitonin-positive tumor cells with additional squamous metaplasia with keratinization. No medullary carcinomas could be demonstrated among the 9 cases previously diagnosed as undifferentiated thyroid carcinomas of the small cell type. From the epidemiological point of view the application of immunohistochemistry does not significantly increase the proportion of medullary carcinomas detected in our endemic goiter area. The incidence of medullary carcinoma remains surprisingly low when ...
Premenopausal women are at highest risk for papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma, implicating a role for estrogens in thyroid cancer. The expression of estrogen receptors α and β (ER), the effects of estradiol (E2), selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) 4-hydroxytamoxifen and raloxifene, and ER subtype selective agonists were examined in NPA87 and KAT5 papillary and WRO follicular thyroid carcinoma cell lines. All three thyroid cancer cell lines expressed full-length ERα and ERβ proteins with cytoplasmic localization that was unaffected by E2. ICI 182,780 (Fulvestrant, an ER antagonist), and inhibitors of non-genomic E2-activated MAPK and PI3K signaling blocked E2-induced cell proliferation. SERMs acted in a cell line-specific manner. No E2-induced estrogen response element (ERE)-driven reporter activity was observed in transiently transfected thyroid cancer cells. However, E2 increased transcription of established endogenous E2-target genes, i.e., cathepsin D in WRO and ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Cytologic features of infarcted thyroid papillary carcinoma induced by fine needle aspiration. AU - Jang, Se Min. AU - Jun, Young Jin. AU - Na, Woong. AU - Jang, Ki Seok. AU - Paik, Seung Sam. PY - 2010/1/1. Y1 - 2010/1/1. KW - Aspiration biopsy, fine-needle. KW - Carcinoma, papillary. KW - Infarction. KW - Thyroid neoplasms. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=78650508591&partnerID=8YFLogxK. M3 - Letter. C2 - 21053614. AN - SCOPUS:78650508591. VL - 54. SP - 1082. EP - 1083. JO - Acta Cytologica. JF - Acta Cytologica. SN - 0001-5547. IS - 5. ER - ...
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Despite the importance of a low-iodine diet (LID) for thyroid cancer patients preparing for radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy, few studies have evaluated dietary intake during LID. This study evaluated the amount of dietary iodine intake and its major food sources during a typical diet and during LID periods for thyroid cancer patients preparing for RAI therapy, and examined how the type of nutrition education of LID affects iodine intake. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A total of 92 differentiated thyroid cancer patients with total thyroidectomy were enrolled from Seoul National University Hospital. All subjects completed three days of dietary records during usual and low-iodine diets before |TEX|$^{131}I$|/TEX| administration. RESULTS: The median iodine intake was |TEX|$290{\mu}g/day$|/TEX| on the usual diet and |TEX|$63.2{\mu}g/day$|/TEX| on the LID. The major food groups during the usual diet were seaweed, salted vegetables, fish, milk, and dairy products and the consumption of these
It remains controversial whether patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) benefit from total thyroidectomy (TT) or thyroid lobectomy (TL). We aimed to investigate the impact of extent of surgery on the prognosis of patients with unilateral PTMC. Patients were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database from 2004 to 2015. Cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated by Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier curves with propensity score matching. Of 31167 PTMC patients enrolled, 22.2% and 77.8% of which underwent TL and TT, respectively. Patients with TT were more likely to be younger, females, present tumors of multifocality, extrathyroidal extension, cervical lymph node metastasis (CLNM), distant metastasis, and receive radioactive iodine (RAI) compared with those receiving TL. The multivariate Cox regression model showed that TT was not associated with an improved CSS and OS compared with TL with hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval
Hurthle cell tumors are an infrequent neoplasm of the thyroid gland in adults. Hurthle cell tumors represent 4. 5% to 10% of all primary thyroid epithelial neoplasms in the foreign literature. It has been known as Hurthle cell tumor since Ewing was the first to use this term in 1928. Tumor occurring in an infant was described by Symmers(1941) and Morrow(1945). The authors experienced a case of congenital Hurthle cell tumor of the thyroid gland in a 2 months old boy. He was admitted to the pediatric surgical department because of a growing mass in the neck since birth. Ultrasonogram showed a huge lobulated homogenous solid mass with medium level echogenicity in the region of the thyroid gland. Subtotal thyroidectomy of right lobe and total thyroidectomy of left lobe were done. The specimen measures 2x3x1.5 cm and 7x3x3 cm, respectively. It was an encapsulated, yellow gray firm and solid mass. The cut surface was smooth, glistening and homogenous. Microscopicully, the tumor was composed of tightly ...
Treatment with sorafenib in patients with progressive metastatic medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is well tolerated and resulted in disease control.
Thyroid carcinoma is a common endocrine malignancy worldwide, accounting for approximately 1% of all diagnosed cancers and about 91.5% of the malignancies of head and neck. However, differentiating malignant thyroid nodules from benign ones remains a diagnostic challenge. Thus, novel molecular markers that enable non-invasive diagnostics for malignant thyroid nodules are urgently needed. In the present study, a metabonomic investigation based on liquid chromatography-LTQ Orbitrap mass spectrometry was employed for serum metabolic profiling of 30 cases of papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC), 80 cases of nodular goiters (benign thyroid nodules) and 30 cases of healthy controls. According to the results of multivariate statistical data analysis, the significantly changed metabolites among these three groups were defined. It was found that most of these metabolites decreased in the sera of both malignant and benign thyroid cases due to the increased metabolic rate, which is in accordance with ...
Welcome to the ValueMD Albums. Thyroid Ultrasound. Images: WK 1 THYROID Transverse, WK 1 THYROID Papillary thyroid cancer | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org Sonographic ap, WK 1 THYROID Colloid cyst, WK 1 THYROIDAdenomatous goiter. A well-circumscribed isoechoic mass (calipers) with rim-type smo, WK 1 THYROID Thyroid Nodules Surgery + Biopsy FNA, WK 1 THYROIDBenign thyroid adenoma, WK 1 THYROID Biopsy proven papillary carcinoma of thyroid- Right lobe with microcalcifications, WK 1 THYROID Papillary carcinoma of thyroid- Left lobe with increased vascular flow, WK 1 THYROID The thyroid gland is under the control of the pituitary gland, a small gland the size o, WK 1 THYROID adenomatous nodule Thyroid Ultrasound, Thyroid Ultrasound - Normal., Thyroid Gland Ultrasound Image (normal) with labels., WK 1 THYROID ultrasound image multinodular goitre with ectopic thyroid tissue, Large Thyroid Nodule, Thyroid nodule. transverse plane. lots of other thyroid images from ultrasound-images.com,
TY - JOUR. T1 - A comparison of medullary thyroid carcinoma and thyroid adenocarcinoma in dogs. T2 - a retrospective study of 38 cases.. AU - Carver, J. R.. AU - Kapatkin, Amy. AU - Patnaik, A. K.. PY - 1995/7. Y1 - 1995/7. N2 - The medical records of 38 dogs with thyroid neoplasia that were treated by surgical excision of the tumor, or had an incisional biopsy performed as a diagnostic procedure, were reviewed. Of the 38 dogs, 21 (55%) had resectable tumors, whereas 17 (45%) had an incisional biopsy as the tumors were nonresectable. All dogs had an initial diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma. The type of carcinoma was confirmed in 33 dogs by histological and immunohistochemical examination. Twelve dogs (36%) had medullary thyroid carcinoma, and 21 dogs (64%) had thyroid adenocarcinoma. Of the 12 dogs with medullary thyroid carcinoma, 10 (83%) had resectable tumors. Of the 10, three (30%) had at least a 1-year survival. None had radiographic evidence of metastasis at the time of surgery. Of the 21 ...
What is the best surgical treatment for papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC)? Background: Surgeons have debated whether to perform a total or
Medullary thyroid cancer. This type of thyroid cancer accounts for about 4 percent of all thyroid cancers. Medullary thyroid cancer begins in the parafollicular cells or C cells. This type of thyroid cancer is easier to control if it is found and treated early, before it spreads to other parts of the body. There are two types of medullary thyroid cancer: sporadic medullary thyroid cancer and familiar medullary thyroid cancer (FMTC). Because familiar medullary thyroid cancer tends to run in families, screening tests for genetic abnormalities in the blood cells may be conducted ...
Nuclear retinoid receptors (RARs) upon a ligand binding act as all-trans retinoic acid-inducible transcription factors interacting as conditional heterodimers with nuclear retinoid X (rexinoid) receptors (RXRs). The disruption of retinoic acid (RA) signalling pathways is believed to underlie the etiology of a number of malignancies. RAR and RXR ligands are known to play role in reprogramming several tumour cells, and thus the development of appropriate ligands with reduced teratogenic and other side effects are still highly required. In this study, we have investigated expression pattern of retinoid receptor subtypes (RARalpha, RARbeta, RARgamma) and retinoid X nuclear receptor subtypes (RXRalpha, RXRbeta, RXRgamma) in three different human organ malignancies, i) thyroid papillary carcinoma, ii) breast cancer, and iii) renal carcinoma.. ...
Aim: Differentiation of thyroid nodules, either as benign or malignant, is a real diagnostic challenge. Inflammation has an important role in development of the malignancy. Therefore, inflammatory markers are associated with malignant thyroid nodules. Platelet /lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is also one of the novel inflammatory indices derived from hemogram tests. We hypothesized whether PLR was associated with malignant thyroid nodules. For this purpose, we compared PLR levels of the patients with benign thyroid nodules to the PLR of the subjects with malignant nodules.. Methods: The subjects who visited outpatient internal medicine clinics of our institution with a diagnosis of thyroid nodule were enrolled to the present retrospective study. According to the examination of the fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) specimen of the nodules, patients grouped into benign or malignant nodule groups. PLR of groups were compared.. Results: Median PLR values of the benign and malignant thyroid nodule groups ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Interplay between Ret and Fap-1 regulates CD95-mediated apoptosis in medullary thyroid cancer cells. AU - Nicolini, Valentina. AU - Cassinelli, Giuliana. AU - Cuccuru, Giuditta. AU - Bongarzone, Italia. AU - Petrangolini, Giovanna. AU - Tortoreto, Monica. AU - Mondellini, Piera. AU - Casalini, Patrizia. AU - Favini, Enrica. AU - Zaffaroni, Nadia. AU - Zunino, Franco. AU - Lanzi, Cinzia. PY - 2011/10/1. Y1 - 2011/10/1. N2 - Emerging evidence suggests that Ret oncoproteins expressed in medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) might evade the pro-apoptotic function of the dependence receptor proto-Ret by directly impacting the apoptosis machinery. Identification of the molecular determinants of the interplay between Ret signaling and apoptosis might provide a relevant contribution to the optimization of Ret-targeted therapies. Here, we describe the cross-talk between Ret-M918T oncogenic mutant responsible for type 2B multiple endocrine syndrome (MEN2B), and components of death ...
Purpose: While the molecular basis of hereditary medullary thyroid cancer (HMTC) has been well defined, little is known about the molecular pathogenesis of sporadic medullary thyroid cancer (SMTC). In addition, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to be important diagnostic and prognostic markers in cancer but have not been defined in MTC. Our aim was to study the miRNA profile of MTC to identify prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets.. Experimental Design: MiRNA microarray profiling was carried out in fresh frozen tissues from patients with SMTC (n = 12) and HMTC (n = 7). Differential expression of three miRNAs was confirmed in a validation cohort of SMTC and HMTC samples (n = 45) using quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR and correlated with clinical outcomes. The functional role of a selected miRNA was investigated in vitro in the human medullary thyroid carcinoma cell line (TT cells) using cell proliferation assays and Western blotting analysis.. Results: MiRs-183 and 375 ...
BACKGROUND The indications and extent of cervical lymph node dissection in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) are still being debated. The aim of this study was to analyze the patterns of cervical lymph node metastasis in the lateral and central compartment and related factors and suggest the optimal extent of lateral and central neck dissection for PTC patients with clinical lateral lymph node metastasis. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 72 patients with unilateral PTC who underwent therapeutic lateral neck dissections with concomitant total thyroidectomy and central neck dissection between January 2001 and December 2009. RESULTS The 72 patients underwent 79 sides of therapeutic lateral neck dissection. The most frequent metastatic level in the ipsilateral lateral compartment was level IV (75.0%), followed by level III (69.4%), level II (56.9%) and level V (20.8%). Multiple level metastases were common (77.8%) and were correlated with tumor size (≥ 10 mm). The central compartment lymph node
Follicular thyroid carcinoma comprises about 25% of all thyroid cancers, and its malignancy generally exceeds that of papillary carcinoma. It spreads relatively early to distant sites such as bone, lungs, and liver by invasion of blood vessels, and regional lymph nodes are usually involved only late. Production of thyroid hormones is almost exclusively associated with the follicular histologic type. In many reported cases the production of thyroid hormones by metastases has been sufficient to cause hyperthyroidism. One of these cases was that of a patient with T3 thyrotoxicosis (1).. We describe here a patient having metastatic follicular thyroid carcinoma with ...
Familial medullary thyroid cancer (FMTC) is a type of medullary thyroid cancer. About 25% of the reported cases of medullary thyroid cancer are FMTC. FMTC most commonly includes MEN 2A (multiple endocrine neoplasia). Patients with familial medullary thyroid cancer are usually treated with a total thyroidectomy, which is a removal of all or part of the thyroid gland, as well as radiation therapy or chemotherapy ...
The study by Zevallos et al., aimed to determine if the increased thyroid cancer incidence observed corresponded with a similar increase in the use of diagnostic investigations. Thyroid ultrasound and fine needle aspiration. This was achieved by examining the Veterans Affairs health system records. The number of cases of thyroid cancer and the numbers of diagnostic investigations performed in the period between the years 2000 and 2012 were compared. At the commencement of the study in 2000, the incidence of thyroid cancer was 10.3 cases per 100,000 people. In comparison, at the studys conclusion in 2012, the incidence of thyroid cancer was 21.5 cases per 100,000 people.. As with the incidence of thyroid cancer during the study period, the use of ultrasound and fine needle aspiration biopsy also exhibited an increase. In 2000, the rate of thyroid ultrasound was 125.6 per 100,000 people, which had increased to 572.1 per 100,000 people in 2012. Similarly, in 2000 the rate of fine needle ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Somatic deletions and mutations in the Cowden disease gene, PTEN, in sporadic thyroid tumors. AU - Dahia, Patricia L.M.. AU - Marsh, Debbie J.. AU - Zheng, Zimu. AU - Zedenius, Jan. AU - Komminoth, Paul. AU - Frisk, Tony. AU - Wallin, Goran. AU - Parsons, Ramon. AU - Longy, Michel. AU - Larsson, Catharina. AU - Eng, Charis. PY - 1997/11/1. Y1 - 1997/11/1. N2 - The majority of familial medullary thyroid neoplasms are associated with germ-line mutations of the RET proto-oncogene, yet very little is known about the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of familial and sporadic nonmedullary thyroid tumors. A subset of thyroid tumors have loss of heterozygosity of chromosome 10q22-23, a region harboring the gene responsible for Cowden disease, an autosomal dominant hamartoma syndrome associated with thyroid and breast tumors. PTEN/MMAC1/TEP1 codes for a dual- specificity phosphatase and is likely a tumor suppressor gene. We sought to determine the PTEN status in a series of ...
We used US to assess for nodule growth and morphological change in 202 benign thyroid nodules with a mean follow-up of 21 months. However, this study did not show any association between US change and nodule growth. The natural history of benign thyroid nodules, particularly with respect to nodule growth, has been evaluated by only a few studies that demonstrated that nodule growth rarely equated to malignancy [2-5]. In addition, a variety of morphological abnormalities have been previously seen on US in benign nodules during follow-up [10,11]. However, the relationship between morphological change and nodule volume change has rarely been probed. In a study that evaluated US features of benign thyroid nodules, hypoechogenicity was proposed as an independent factor for predicting nodule growth at 15% increases in volume [4]. Another study investigating the effect of FNA on nodule volume showed no statistically significant relationship between the absolute or percent change in thyroid nodule size ...
To identify serum biomarkers of papillary thyroid cancer. Prospective analysis was performed of banked tumor and serum specimens from 99 patients with thyroid masses. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to measure levels of five serum proteins previously demonstrated to be up-regulated in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC): angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1), cytokeratin 19 (CK-19), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), chitinase 3 like-1 (YKL-40), and galectin-3 (GAL-3). Serum levels were compared between patients with PTC and those with benign tumors. A total of 99 patients were enrolled in the study (27 men, 72 women), with a median age of 54 years. Forty-three patients had PTC and 58 cases were benign tumors. There were no statistically significant differences when comparing all five different biomarkers between PTC and other benign thyroid tumors. The p-values were 0.94, 0.48, 0.72, 0.48, and 0.90 for YKL-40, Gal-3, CK19, TIMP-1, and Ang-1, respectively. Serum levels of four of the
Falls Church, Virginia. Sep. 22, 2012-A spectrum of disparities exist in the surgical management of well-differentiated thyroid cancer, according to new data presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the American Thyroid Association (ATA) in Québec City, Québec, Canada.. Current ATA guidelines for well-differentiated thyroid cancer recommend therapeutic neck dissection for clinically involved or metastatic disease and prophylactic central neck dissection for advanced tumors. However, even with established guidelines in place, the surgical management of cervical nodes varies greatly.. A team of researchers led by Katherine Hayes, MD, of Emory University in Atlanta, Ga., reviewed data on 127,192 patients with papillary and follicular thyroid cancer who were treated surgically from 1998 to 2009 to identify disparities in the extent of lymph node dissection during thyroidectomy. Variables examined included patient age, race, gender, insurance status and education level, hospital classification, ...
We report for the first time a synchronous papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma in a 12-year-old girl presenting with a large (5 cm diameter) left thyroid nodule, an increased left and right upper pole technetium tracer uptake at scintigraphy and hyperthyroidism. The uptake at the right lobe was explained by the crossing of the left nodule to the right site of the neck at Computed Tomography (CT) scanning. Although thyroid nodules are less common in children than in adults, there is more vigilance required in children because of the higher risk of malignancy. According to literature, about 5% of the thyroid nodules in adults are malignant versus 20-26% in children. The characteristics of 9 other pediatric cases with a differentiated thyroid carcinoma presenting with a toxic nodule, which have been reported during the last 20 years, are summarized. A nodular size of more than 3.5 cm and female predominance was a common finding. The presence of hyperthyroidism in association with a hyperfunctioning
Start Over You searched for: Copyright Public domain ✖Remove constraint Copyright: Public domain Subjects Thyroid Neoplasms ✖Remove constraint Subjects: Thyroid Neoplasms Titles Sarcoma of the thyroid gland ✖Remove constraint Titles: Sarcoma of the thyroid gland ...
Warthin-like variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (WLV-PTC) is a recently described rare variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma with favorable prognosis. We present a rare case of WLV-PTC in a 29-year-old female patient with graves disease along with emphasis on the difficulty of positive diagnosis both clinically and histologically since the association of thyroid nodules with Graves disease is not common and this variant of thyroid cancer is frequently misdiagnosed with other subtypes.
A patient with an apparent sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma was tested for RET germline mutations by Sanger sequencing of RET exons 10, 11, and 13-16. The patient was heterozygous for two known mutations causative of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 2 disorder, and both mutations were within codon 620 of RET exon 10, c.1859G > T (p.C620F) and c.1860C > G (p.C620W). In order to determine if these adjacent mutations were in cis or in trans, an unlabeled probe method and high-resolution melting analysis were utilized. The mutations were confirmed to occur in cis, representing a novel mutation, c.1859_1860delinsTG (p.C620L). Sanger sequencing of parental samples did not identify any changes at codon 620, so the p.C620L mutation is also de novo. The early age of onset for medullary thyroid carcinoma and the presence of lymph node metastasis in this patient suggests individuals with the p.C620L mutation should be treated and screened (for pheochromocytomas and parathyroid hyperplasia) as Multiple
Medullary thyroid carcinoma comprises less than 10% of all thyroid cancers. This specific type has significant diagnostic importance due to its aggressive nature and close association with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes. Approximately 10% to 20% cases affected by medullary thyroid carcinoma are familial. In the majority of cases nodal metastases are present at the moment of diagnosis ...
Results: CD56 expression was significantly higher in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) (conventional and follicular variants) compared to other categories of follicular thyroid lesions, and it was significantly higher in the follicular variant of papillary carcinoma compared to follicular adenomas (FA) and hyperplastic nodules (HN). A bivariate analysis showed that the malignancy in follicular thyroid lesions was significantly associated with higher CD56 expression and older patients age. Both parameters were used to build a logistic regression model and equation for prediction of malignancy in follicular thyroid lesions. On the application of the equation to the studied cases, it was found to conform to their diagnostic nature ...
Article discusses medullary thyroid cancer basics. Learn about common medullary thyroid cancer symptoms and treatments, such as thyroidectomy.
I just had my thyroid surgery. When can I have my radioactive iodine treatment?. In order for the radioactive iodine treatment to be effective and destroy any remaining thyroid tissue, the levels of TSH, secreted by the pituitary gland must rise to elevated levels. TSH, also known as thyroid stimulating hormone, stimulates the thyroid cells to take up the radioactive iodine. For the levels of TSH to rise, the levels of thyroid hormone must have dropped to very low levels. As thyroid hormone has a long half life, it takes many weeks for levels to drop and TSH levels to rise. Accordingly, the earliest time interval that radioactive iodine can be effectively administered is 4 weeks after surgery (complete removal of the thyroid) if the patients has stopped taking all thyroid hormone supplements. To avoid prolonged hypothyroidism, some patients will use Thyrogen. Others will take Cytomel (T3), which must be stopped ~ 14 days prior to the radioactive iodine treatment. Hence, although many patients ...
Part 1 Low Risk Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: Preoperative diagnosis -- Chapter 1 A patient with a single thyroid nodule suspicious for follicular neoplasm according to the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology: molecular evaluation -- Part 2 Low Risk Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: Initial management: extent of surgery and use of radioactive iodine therapy -- Chapter 2 A case of a small (1 to 2 cm) papillary thyroid cancer in a young patient: lobectomy vs. total thyroidectomy -- Chapter 3 The decision-making process for prophylactic central neck dissection in a patient presenting with nodular thyroid disease suspicious for malignancy on cytology assessment: role of preoperative ultrasound and molecular marker testing -- Chapter 4 Incidentally discovered micropapillary thyroid cancer -- Chapter 5 Completion thyroidectomy in a patient with low risk papillary cancer -- Chapter 6 A case of multifocal micropapillary thyroid cancer -- Chapter 7 A papillary thyroid cancer with minimal ...
Medullary Thyroid Cancer Treatment for children is a lifesaving process. Learn more about Medullary Thyroid Cancer risk factors, symptoms, and treatment.
Image:Medullary thyroid carcinoma - low mag.jpg, Low magnification micrograph of medullary thyroid carcinoma,ref, Medullary thyroid cancer ...
This nonrandomized, parallel-assignment, phase 2, open-label clinical trial will assess the efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab (Keytruda) in patients with medullary thyroid cancer. Patients aged ≥18 years who have recurrent or metastatic medullary thyroid cancer, and for whom surgery is not a curative option, may be eligible for enrollment if other criteria are met. Participants with or without previous vaccine therapy will receive pembrolizumab.. The primary outcome measure is to determine whether administering a PD-1 inhibitor to patients with medullary thyroid cancer will permit a modest fraction to be able to experience a ≥50% decline in calcitonin levels or have a partial or complete response on imaging. The secondary outcome measures are to determine the impact of previous therapeutic cancer vaccination on response rates, evaluate immune responses in each cohort, evaluate changes in carcinoembryonic antigen and calcitonin kinetics, evaluate impact on PFS and OS, and evaluate the ...
Following up this article.. Malignant and possible malignant thyroid tumor of Fukushima children increased from 58 to 75 cases [URL]. Malignant and possible malignant thyroid tumor cases increased from 75 to 90 at the end of this March. Fukushima prefectural government announced on 5/19/2014.. Among 90 cases, 50 cases were confirmed as thyroid cancer.. The youngest child was 6 years old, the oldest child was 18 years old when 311 took place.. However the committee of experts stated it is hard to assume there is a connection with Fukushima nuclear accident.. http://www.pref.fukushima.lg.jp/uploaded/attachment/65174.pdf. http://ceron.jp/url/news.goo.ne.jp/article/jiji/nation/jiji-140519X151.html. ...
Dr. Keshab Paudel answered: Please see below: Papillary and follicular thyroid cancers are referred to as differentiated thyroid...
Introduction: Genomic instability has been proposed to play a role in cancer development and can occur through different mechanisms including telomere association and telomere loss. Studies carried out in our unit have demonstrated that familial papillary thyroid cancer (fPTC) patients display an imbalance, at the germinal level, in telomere-telomerase complex. Aim: We aimed to verify whether familial fPTC patients show an increased spontaneous chromosome fragility. Methods: To this purpose, we compared telomeric fusions and associations as well as other chromosomal fragility features by conventional and molecular cytogenetic analyses, in phytohemagglutinin stimulated T-lymphocytes from fPTC patients, unaffected family members, sporadic papillary thyroid cancer patients, and healthy subjects. Results: We demonstrate that fPTC patients have a significant increase in spontaneous telomeric associations and telomeric fusions compared with healthy subjects and sporadic cases in the frame of an ...
Diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions of thyroid by FNAC and AgNO3, 978-3-659-71714-7, Benign thyroid nodules are common in adults and thyroid malignancy is the most common malignancy of endocrine system. Papillary thyroid carcinoma and follicular thyroid carcinoma are often curable and prognosis is good if identified in early stage.To avoid unnecessary surgery Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is used as a diagnostic tool to differentiate benign nodule from malignant nodule. To improve the diagnostic accuracy of FNAC ,silver nitrate staining technique is applied. Smear from patients is stained with silver nitrate and nucleolar organising regions (segments of DNA) were stained as brown/black spots called AgNORs. Neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions are differentiated by this technique. A total number of 119 cases were subjected to FNAC. Most cases occurred in females(94%) Maximum number of cases were seen in age group 21 to 30 years. There was significant higher AgNORs score in malignant
TY - JOUR. T1 - Angiography effectively supports the diagnosis of hepatic metastases in medullary thyroid carcinoma. AU - Ésik, Olga. AU - Szavcsur, Péter. AU - Szakáll, Szabolcs. AU - Bajzik, Gábor. AU - Repa, Imre. AU - Dabasi, Gabriella. AU - Füzy, Márton. AU - Szentirmay, Zoltán. AU - Perner, Ferenc. AU - Kásler, Miklós. AU - Lengyel, Zsolt. AU - Trón, Lajos. PY - 2001/6/1. Y1 - 2001/6/1. N2 - BACKGROUND. Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) belongs in the group of neuroendocrine tumors with early lymphatic and hepatic dissemination. A high rate of undetectable metastases is hypothesized to be responsible for the frequent mismatch between the apparent relatively small tumor burden and the elevated plasma tumor marker level. METHODS. Thirty-six MTC patients with residual/recurrent biochemical signs (elevated basal calcitonin level) and/or characteristic general symptoms (diarrhea and/or flushing) were systematically examined by conventional radiology, wholebody 18F-deoxyglucose ...
Purpose: To study the safety of prophylactic level VII nodal dissection regarding hypoparathyroidism (temporary and permanent) and vocal cord dysfunction (temporary and permanent) and its impact on disease free survival. Materials and Methods: This prospective study concerned 63 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma with N0 neck node involvement (clinically and radiologically) in the period from December 2009 to May 2013. All patients underwent total thyroidectomy and prophylactic central neck dissection including levels VI and VII lymph nodes in group A (31 patients) and level VI only in group B (32 patients). The thyroid gland, level VI and level VII lymph nodes were each examined histopathologically separately for tumor size, multicentricity, bilaterality, extrathyroidal extension, number of dissected LNs and metastatic LNs. Follow-up of both groups, regarding hypoparathyroidism, vocal cord dysfunction and DFS, ranged from 6-61 months. Results: The mean age was 34.8 and 34.3, female predominance
Purpose: To study the safety of prophylactic level VII nodal dissection regarding hypoparathyroidism (temporary and permanent) and vocal cord dysfunction (temporary and permanent) and its impact on disease free survival. Materials and Methods: This prospective study concerned 63 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma with N0 neck node involvement (clinically and radiologically) in the period from December 2009 to May 2013. All patients underwent total thyroidectomy and prophylactic central neck dissection including levels VI and VII lymph nodes in group A (31 patients) and level VI only in group B (32 patients). The thyroid gland, level VI and level VII lymph nodes were each examined histopathologically separately for tumor size, multicentricity, bilaterality, extrathyroidal extension, number of dissected LNs and metastatic LNs. Follow-up of both groups, regarding hypoparathyroidism, vocal cord dysfunction and DFS, ranged from 6-61 months. Results: The mean age was 34.8 and 34.3, female
... is a neoplasm or tumor of the thyroid. It can be a benign tumor such as thyroid adenoma, or it can be a ... Thyroid adenoma is a benign neoplasm of the thyroid. Thyroid nodules are very common and around 80 percent of adults will have ... Thyroid nodules are a major presentation of thyroid neoplasms, and are diagnosed by ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration ( ... Other thyroid malignancies include thyroid lymphoma, various types of thyroid sarcoma, smooth muscle tumors, teratoma, squamous ...
... (NIFTP) is an indolent thyroid tumor that was ... A noninvasive neoplasm that arises from the thyroid follicular cells (cells that normally make thyroid hormone), showing a ... Abbreviations: NIFTP: Noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features EFVPTC: Encapsulated ... Definition of noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP): ...
Mitchell RS, Kumar V, Abbas AK, Fausto N (2007). "Chapter 20 - Neoplasms of the Thyroid". Robbins Basic Pathology (8th ed.). ...
Erickson, Lori A. "Hurthle Cell Thyroid Neoplasms." Atlas of Endocrine Pathology. Springer New York, 2014. 63-66. Hürthle, Karl ... Hürthle cell is used only to indicate cells of thyroid follicular origin. Hürthle cell neoplasms can be separated into Hürthle ... of all differentiated thyroid cancers. Oncocytes in the thyroid are often called Hürthle cells. Although the terms oncocyte, ... formerly considered a subtype of follicular thyroid cancer). This version is a relatively rare form of differentiated thyroid ...
Hempelmann, L H (1968). "Risk of thyroid neoplasms after irradiation in childhood. Studies of populations exposed to radiation ... Children began to disproportionately develop thyroid cancer (due to exposure to radioiodines), and almost a third of those ... exposed developed neoplasms by 1974.[unreliable medical source?] James Reeves to Frank D. Peel, "Establishment of Program 4 and ...
"Overview of the 2022 WHO Classification of Thyroid Neoplasms". Endocrine Pathology. 33 (1): 27-63. doi:10.1007/s12022-022-09707 ... thyroid gland (now termed salivary gland-type carcinoma of the thyroid), or skin (now termed secretory carcinoma of the skin or ... salivary gland-type carcinomas of the thyroid, and secretory carcinoma of the skin. This translocation is the sole genetic ... "Clinicopathologic and molecular characterization of NTRK-rearranged thyroid carcinoma (NRTC)". Modern Pathology. 33 (11): 2186- ...
"Overview of the 2022 WHO Classification of Thyroid Neoplasms". Endocrine Pathology. 33 (1): 27-63. doi:10.1007/s12022-022-09707 ... In a review of 11 cases, salivary gland-type carcinomas of the thyroid were diagnosed in adult females (9 cases) and males (2 ... Chambers M, Nosé V, Sadow PM, Tafe LJ, Kerr DA (March 2021). "Salivary-Like Tumors of the Thyroid: A Comprehensive Review of ... All cases were treated by thyroidectomy (removal of the thyroid gland) plus radiotherapy in 6 cases and/or chemotherapy in 3 ...
"Overview of the 2022 WHO Classification of Thyroid Neoplasms". Endocrine Pathology. 33 (1): 27-63. doi:10.1007/s12022-022-09707 ... and radiation-induced papillary thyroid carcinoma. Because cancers associated with the expression of the ETV6-NTRK3 fusion ... salivary gland-type carcinoma of the thyroid, secretory carcinoma of the skin, congenital fibrosarcoma, congenital mesoblastic ...
"Overview of the 2022 WHO Classification of Thyroid Neoplasms". Endocrine Pathology. 33 (1): 27-63. doi:10.1007/s12022-022-09707 ... thyroid gland (termed cribriform-morular thyroid carcinoma), colon (termed cribriform colon cancer), and lung (termed ...
... papillary thyroid carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer, glioma, gastric cancer, thyroid neoplasms, and rectal cancer. It is ... papillary thyroid carcinoma and non-small cell lung cancer, glioma, gastric cancer, thyroid neoplasms, and rectal cancer. Barth ... In thyroid neoplasm, TAFAZZIN allows follicular adenomas to be distinguished from follicular carcinomas, while in cervical ... TAFAZZIN overexpression has been linked to rectal cancer, prostate cancer, thyroid neoplasm, and cervical cancer. In a study of ...
2009) Information theoretical methods to deconvolute genetic regulatory networks applied to thyroid neoplasms. (2009) Análisis ... Accuracy of centinel node in papillary thyroid carcinoma (2001) Quality of life in bariatric surgery (2002) Utilidad de la ...
"Expression of N-acetyl transferase human and human Arrest defective 1 proteins in thyroid neoplasms". Thyroid. 15 (10): 1131-6 ...
... putative markers for characterization of follicular thyroid neoplasms from fine-needle aspirates". Laryngoscope. 121 (5): 983-9 ... ARG2 and FAM129A are not useful in diagnosing thyroid follicular tumors". Mod. Pathol. 25 (4): 537-47. doi:10.1038/modpathol. ...
"Expression of N-acetyl transferase human and human Arrest defective 1 proteins in thyroid neoplasms". Thyroid. 15 (10): 1131-6 ... Fluge Ø, Bruland O, Akslen LA, Varhaug JE, Lillehaug JR (2002). "NATH, a novel gene overexpressed in papillary thyroid ...
Pragnell died on 19 November 1905 at 39 Brompton Square, from a thyroid neoplasm. She bequeathed her business to Alice Stewart ...
A challenging neoplasm of the thyroid". Endocrine Practice. 17 (6): e140-3. doi:10.4158/EP11138.CR. PMID 21940281. v t e ( ... Hyalinizing trabecular adenoma (or Hyalinizing trabecular adenoma) is a subtype of thyroid adenoma. Ünlütürk, U; Karaveli, G; ... Thyroid tumor, All stub articles, Medical sign stubs). ...
... is rare malignant neoplasm of thyroid gland which shows tumor cells with distinct squamous ... The incidence of SCTC is less than 1% out of thyroid malignancies. Squamous epithelial cells are not found in normal thyroid, ... Often SCTC is diagnosed in one of the thyroid lobes, but not in the pyramidal lobe. Another possible way of SCTC development ... MI Syed; M Stewart; S Syed; S Dahill; C Adams; DR Mclellan; LJ Clark (2011). "Squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid gland: ...
If fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) suggests follicular neoplasm, thyroid lobectomy should be performed to establish the ... Thyroid follicular cells are the thyroid cells responsible for the production and secretion of thyroid hormones. Approximately ... Thyroid and Parathyroid Cancers Management Guidelines for Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer The ... Follicular thyroid cancer accounts for 15% of thyroid cancer and occurs more commonly in women over 50 years of age. ...
A challenging neoplasm of the thyroid". Endocrine Practice. 17 (6): e140-3. doi:10.4158/EP11138.CR. PMID 21940281. Carlé, Allan ... emedicine > Thyroid, Evaluation of Solitary Thyroid Nodule > Benign Thyroid Nodules By Daniel J Kelley and Arlen D Meyers. ... A thyroid adenoma is a benign tumor of the thyroid gland, that may be inactive or active (functioning autonomously) as a toxic ... A thyroid adenoma is distinguished from a multinodular goiter of the thyroid in that an adenoma is typically solitary, and is a ...
Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma is malignant neoplasm of follicular cell origin showing intermediate histopathological ... v t e (Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Thyroid cancer, All stub articles, Oncology stubs) ... "Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma: the Turin proposal for the use of uniform diagnostic criteria and an algorithmic ... patterns between differentiated and undifferentiated thyroid cancers. Presence of small cells with round nuclei and scant ...
Newly reclassified variant: noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features is considered an ... Stage M1 thyroid cancer Stage N1a thyroid cancer Stage N1b thyroid cancer Stage T1a thyroid cancer Stage T1b thyroid cancer ... The four main types are papillary thyroid cancer, follicular thyroid cancer, medullary thyroid cancer, and anaplastic thyroid ... T2 thyroid cancer Stage T3 thyroid cancer Stage T4a thyroid cancer Stage T4b thyroid cancer Detection of differentiated thyroid ...
Increased risk for thyroid neoplasm remains elevated for at least 40 years after exposure. Potassium iodide tablets prevent ... None had thyroid cancer.[citation needed] Fukushima Medical University gives the number of children diagnosed with thyroid ... Persons exposed to releases of I-131 from any source have a higher risk for developing thyroid cancer or thyroid disease, or ... Ultrasonographic detectable thyroid nodules and cysts are extremely common and can be found at a frequency of up to 67% in ...
Other endocrine and non-endocrine neoplasms including adrenocortical and thyroid tumors, visceral and cutaneous lipomas, ... Medullary Thyroid Ca MEN IIb (1P, 2Ms) - Pheochromocytoma, Medullary Thyroid Ca, Marfanoid habitus/mucosal neuroma MEN1 gene ... of patients with MEN1 and gastrinoma FMTC = familial medullary thyroid cancer MEN 2B is sometimes known as MEN 3 and the ... described medullary (solid) thyroid carcinoma.[citation needed] In 1961 Sipple described a combination of a pheochromocytoma, ...
... one of the Coloured Book protocols Noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features - a tumour ... previously classified as papillary thyroid carcinoma This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title NIFTP. ...
Several severe adverse health effects, such as an increased incidence of cancers, thyroid diseases, CNS neoplasms, and possibly ... and thyroid tissues as the most radiosensitive among women. For example, the FGR 13 has estimated that the ratio of thyroid ... Estimated Exposures and Thyroid Doses Received by the American People from Iodine-131 in Fallout Following Nevada Atmospheric ... The Hanford Thyroid Disease Study, an epidemiologic study of the relationship between estimated exposure doses to radioiodine ...
... system lists a number of morphological subtypes and variants of malignant squamous cell neoplasms, including: Papillary thyroid ... A type of lung cancer Squamous-cell thyroid carcinoma: A type of thyroid cancer Esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma: A type of ... Primary squamous-cell thyroid carcinoma shows an aggressive biological phenotype resulting in poor prognosis for patients. ... Berman JJ (November 2004). "Tumor taxonomy for the developmental lineage classification of neoplasms". BMC Cancer. 4 (1): 88. ...
It can be present in: Thyroid neoplasms: It is a characteristic feature of papillary thyroid carcinoma, but has also been seen ... in other types of thyroid neoplasms, as well as in non-neoplastic thyroid lesions. Ovarian tumors including Brenner tumors, ... Breast carcinomas Vaginal, cervical and/or endometrial neoplasms Papillary neoplasms of several organs: papillary transitional ... Pathogenesis and Diagnostic Significance of Nuclear Grooves in Thyroid and Other Sites". International Journal of Surgical ...
... is a rare tumor of the thyroid, typically seen in women between the ages of 70 and 80 years old. When ... The thyroid gland is responsible for producing the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). Patients with ... "Thyroid Cancer: About Thyroid Cancer , Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center". www.mskcc.org. Retrieved 2015-11-23. Ristevska ... Some patients may only have half of their thyroid removed, this is known as a thyroid lobectomy. Another treatment option ...
"Malignant and benign neoplasms of the thyroid in patients treated for hyperthyroidism: a report of the cooperative ... For example, children treated with moderate dose of 131I for thyroid adenomas had a detectable increase in thyroid cancer, but ... This occurs because when the radioactive iodine destroys the thyroid cells, they can release thyroid hormone into the blood ... and will also accumulate in the thyroid. As it decays, it may cause damage to the thyroid. The primary risk from exposure to ...
"Colloid-Rich" follicular neoplasm/suspicious for follicular neoplasm thyroid fine-needle aspiration specimens: Cytologic, ... Highly accurate diagnosis of cancer in thyroid nodules with follicular neoplasm/suspicious for a follicular neoplasm cytology ... Noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasms cause little risk for patients Dr. Nikiforov on Reclassifying Subtype of Thyroid ... The patients still undergo surgery, in which their thyroid tumors are removed, typically with half, but not all, of the thyroid ...
Pirates:p. 3 Pulmonary: PE, COPD Iatrogenic Rheumatic heart: mitral regurgitation Atherosclerotic: MI, CAD Thyroid: ... Infections Acute renal failure Cardiac infarction Rheumatic fever Injury Neoplasms Dressler's syndrome PericarditiS:p. 34 PR ...
... type 2 Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita Cutis verticis gyrata mental deficiency Cutis verticis gyrata thyroid aplasia ... Carrington syndrome Cartilage hair hypoplasia like syndrome Cartilage-hair hypoplasia Cartilaginous neoplasms Cartwright-Nelson ... hypoxia Cerebral malformations hypertrichosis claw hands Cerebral palsy Cerebral thrombosis Cerebral ventricle neoplasms ... Choriocarcinoma Chorioretinitis Chorioretinopathy dominant form microcephaly Choroid plexus cyst Choroid plexus neoplasms ...
Comparison of Neoplasms in Six Sources of Rats Diamond JM (January 2006). Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed. ... and C-cell adenomas/adenocarcinomas of the thyroid gland and tumors of the haemopoietic system in males. Second, Lewis rats are ... The Lewis rat suffers from several spontaneous pathologies: first, they can suffer from high incidences of neoplasms, with the ... A 1972 study compared neoplasms in Sprague Dawley rats from six different commercial suppliers and found highly significant ...
Thyroid and pancreas cancer may also occur. Although J Aidan Carney also described Carney's triad it is entirely different. ... Melanocytic nevi and neoplasms, Syndromes affecting the skin, Syndromes affecting the heart, Syndromes with tumors). ... Bano G, Hodgson S (2016). "Diagnosis and Management of Hereditary Thyroid Cancer". Recent Results Cancer Res. Recent Results in ... "Pancreatic ductal and acinar cell neoplasms in Carney complex: a possible new association". J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 96 (11): ...
... neoplasm protein - Nernst equation - nerve - nerve growth factor - nerve growth factor receptor - nerve tissue protein - nerve ... thyroid hormone receptor - thyrotropin - thyrotropin receptor - thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor - thyroxine - timeline ...
The immune system, thyroid levels, growth hormone levels, and testosterone levels can be compromised from craniopharygioma. All ... usually suprasellar neoplasm, which may be cystic, that develops from nests of epithelium derived from Rathke's pouch. Rathke's ...
They form a subset of neoplasms. A neoplasm or tumor is a group of cells that have undergone unregulated growth and will often ... "Avoiding the 'C' Word for Low-Risk Thyroid Cancer". Medscape. Retrieved 13 April 2020. "The C word: how we react to cancer ... Autopsy studies in Europe and Asia showed that up to 36% of people have undiagnosed and apparently harmless thyroid cancer at ... and thyroid cancer as well as other cancer types. The efficacy of chemotherapy depends on the type of cancer and the stage. In ...
Hemorrhagic neoplasms are more complex, heterogeneous bleeds often with associated edema. These hemorrhages are related to ... Glioblastomas are the most common primary malignancies to hemorrhage while thyroid, renal cell carcinoma, melanoma, and lung ... of consciousness Hypertension Arteriovenous malformation Aneurysm rupture Cerebral amyloid angiopathy Intracranial neoplasm ...
Neoplasm Carbohydrate malabsorption Pancreatic cancer Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) Trans fats Since hyperinsulinemia and ... possibly connected to an underactive thyroid) Obesity and hyperinsulinemia have some links with some types of cancer Fasting ...
Such mutations and epigenetic alterations can give rise to cancer (see malignant neoplasms).[verification needed] Investigation ... of thyroid cancers, 40-90% of colorectal cancers and 50% of brain cancers.[citation needed] Similarly, epigenetic ...
Examples are the infusion of metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) to treat neuroblastoma, of oral iodine-131 to treat thyroid cancer ... Hypopituitarism commonly develops after radiation therapy for sellar and parasellar neoplasms, extrasellar brain tumours, head ... In contrast, adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) deficiencies are the least common among ... thyroid dysfunction, and pituitary axis dysfunction. Modern radiation therapy aims to reduce side effects to a minimum and to ...
... neoplasms, and cysts are skin lesions that develop from the epidermal layer of the skin. Aberrant basal cell carcinoma ... Thyroid acropachy Eosinophilic cutaneous conditions encompass a wide variety of diseases that are characterized histologically ... an overview with emphasis on the myeloid neoplasms". Chem. Biol. Interact. 184 (1-2): 16-20. doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2009.10.009. ... neoplasms invading or aberrantly present in the dermis. Acquired progressive lymphangioma (benign lymphangioendothelioma) Acral ...
"Salivary Gland Neoplasms". Medscape.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Updated: Jan 13, 2021}} ... Mucoepidermoid carcinoma can also be found in other organs, such as bronchi, lacrimal sac, and thyroid gland. Mucicarmine ... "Primary mucoepidermoid carcinoma and sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma with eosinophilia of the thyroid gland: a report of ...
EMC shows the smallest morphological variation between the tumors among all myxoid soft tissue neoplasms. The myxoid matrix has ... in some of the thyroid papillary carcinomas. Recent evidence demonstrates that tumors with these various translocations have ... Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma (EMC) is a rare low-grade malignant mesenchymal neoplasm of the soft tissues, that differs ... Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Neoplasms, Oncology). ...
Its diagnosis is of exclusion once neoplasm, primary infection and systemic disorders have been ruled out. Once diagnosed, it ... A differential diagnosis includes lymphoproliferative lesions, thyroid ophthalmopathy, IgG4-related ophthalmic disease, ... Its former name, orbital pseudotumor, is derived due to resemblance to a neoplasm. However, histologically it is characterized ... most common cause of exophthalmos following Grave's orbitopathy and the third most common orbital disorder following thyroid ...
ISBN 0-7817-5007-5. Frequency of lymphoid neoplasms. (Source: Modified from WHO Blue Book on Tumour of Hematopoietic and ... and MALT lymphoma of the salivary gland and the thyroid). Owing to the causal relationship between H. pylori infection and MALT ...
Laryngeal neoplasms Abnormal growths in the larynx (voice box) that can be cancerous or noncancerous. Laryngeal nodules ... This surgery is named for its proximity to the thyroid gland. Tinnitus Sensation of a ringing, roaring, or buzzing sound in the ... thyroid problems, or trauma to the larynx (voice box). Hyper neurotic diafragma contractions The hiccups Hypogeusia Diminished ... a window in the thyroid cartilage is created and an implant is inserted into the para-glottic space via an open approach. ...
... dysplasia Thymoma Thymus neoplasm Thyrocerebrorenal syndrome Thyroglossal tract cyst Thyroid agenesis Thyroid cancer Thyroid ... carcinoma, follicular Thyroid carcinoma, papillary (TPC) Thyroid hormone plasma membrane transport defect Thyroid, renal and ... Temtamy-Shalash syndrome TEN Ter Haar-Hamel-Hendricks syndrome Ter Haar syndrome Teratocarcinosarcoma Teratoma Testes neoplasm ... syndrome Tolosa-Hunt syndrome Toluene antenatal infection Tomaculous neuropathy Tome-Brune-Fardeau syndrome Tongue neoplasm ...
... thyroid hormone receptor beta, and nuclear receptor coactivator 1, among others. Cyclin D and CDKs promote cell cycle ... a distinctive aggressive neoplasm showing rhabdoid features. Clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural study ...
... thyroid hormone MeSH D12.776.624.664.700.830.500 - thyroid hormone receptors alpha MeSH D12.776.624.664.700.830.750 - thyroid ... neoplasm MeSH D12.776.377.715.548.114.248 - antibodies, phospho-specific MeSH D12.776.377.715.548.114.252 - antibodies, ... thyroid-stimulating MeSH D12.776.377.715.548.114.323.480.500 - long-acting thyroid stimulator MeSH D12.776.377.715.548.114. ... long-acting thyroid stimulator MeSH D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393.570 - muromonab-cd3 MeSH D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393. ...
Marks, Sidney; George, Lynn A.; Bustad, Leo K. (1957). "Fibrosarcoma involving the thyroid gland of a sheep given I131 daily". ... "Studies on the prevalence of type C virus associated with gibbon hematopoietic neoplasms". Bibliotheca Haematologica. ... Bustad, L. K.; Marks, S.; George, L. A.; Seigneur, L. J. (1957). "Thyroid Adenomas in Sheep administered Iodine-131 Daily". ...
"Down-regulation of the miR-25 and miR-30d contributes to the development of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma targeting the polycomb ... MicroRNA expression pattern in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm]". The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology = Taehan ...
"Increased activities of thymidylate synthetase and thymidine kinase in human thyroid tumors". Thyroid. 1 (4): 347-51. doi: ... Lipkin M, Deschner E, Troncale F (1970). "Cell differentiation and the development of colonic neoplasms". CA: A Cancer Journal ... in thyroid tumors in leukemia and in breast cancer. Therapy that influences the rate of cell proliferation influences the TK ... "Biochemical measure of the volume doubling time of human pulmonary neoplasms". Cancer. 55 (7): 1530-5. doi:10.1002/1097-0142( ...
This conclusion was reached based on the extent of absorption in humans and the incidence of neoplasms in rats in several ... studies where adult rats were found to have increased rates of tumours, including thyroid follicular cell hyperplasias, ...
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The Icd-10 code range for Malignant neoplasms of thyroid and other endocrine glands C73-C75 is medical classification list by ... Malignant neoplasms of thyroid and other endocrine glands contains ICD-10 codes for Malignant neoplasm of thyroid gland, ... Malignant neoplasms of thyroid and other endocrine glands ICD-10-CM Code range C73-C75. The ICD-10 code range for Malignant ... Malignant neoplasm of adrenal gland, Malignant neoplasm of other endocrine glands and related structures ...
MORE STRANGE THYROID TESTS- 2 March 2015. March 2, 2015. *SUPPRESSED TSH WITHOUT CLEAR CAUSE? TREATMENT? 10Jan2015. January 12 ... Contact Thyroid Manager. By letter. Endocrine Education, Inc.. 5490 South Shore Drive, N1. Att: Samuel Refetoff, President ... Clinically it is a thyroid cyst replacing whole of the left lobe. no history in family, exposureto radiation etc. is present. ... TFTs are normal.FNAC has shown follicular neoplasm. I plan to take her up for hemithyroidectomy proceed sos ...
Histological typing of thyroid tumours / Chr. Hedinger, in collaboration with E. D. Williams and L. H. Sobin. by Hedinger, ... Histological typing of thyroid tumours / Chr. Hedinger, in collaboration with L. H. Sobin. by Hedinger, Christoph Ernst , Sobin ... by International Thyroid Congress (9th: 1985: São Paulo, Brazil) , Medeiros-Neto, Geraldo A , Gaitan, Eduardo. ... Treatment of thyroid cancer in childhood : proceedings of a workshop held September 10-11, 1992, at the National Institutes of ...
There are several thyroid cancer types with different treatments. Discover options available. ... Your thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland in your neck. ... ClinicalTrials.gov: Thyroid Neoplasms (National Institutes of ... Thyroid Hormone Treatment (American Thyroid Association) Also in Spanish * Thyroid Surgery (American Thyroid Association) Also ... What is thyroid cancer?. Thyroid cancer is a cancer that starts in the tissues of the thyroid. Your thyroid is a small, ...
Background: Thyroid cancer accounts for approximately 1% of total cancer cases Thyroid neoplasms are most common malignant ... Sireesha Annapoorna, Triveni B., Sai Mallikarjun, K Srilaxmi.. Spectrum of thyroid neoplasms: A one year study at tertiary ... Spectrum of thyroid neoplasms: A one year study at tertiary referral center. ... Follicular adenoma was the most common benign neoplasm We have encountered almost the entire spectrum of thyroid neoplasms ...
... few institutions have extensive experience with Hürthle cell neoplasms. ... Hürthle cell cancer accounts for only about 3-10% of all differentiated thyroid cancers; therefore, ... Hürthle cell carcinoma of the thyroid gland is an unusual and relatively rare type of differentiated thyroid cancer. ... The American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. Thyroid. 2016 Jan ...
Malignant neoplasm of the thyroid.. * Malignant neoplasms of the blood and lymphoid tissues (including, but not limited to, ... Malignant neoplasm of the urinary bladder.. * Malignant neoplasm of the kidney.. * Malignant neoplasms of the renal pelvis; ... Malignant neoplasms of the liver and intrahepatic bile duct.. * Malignant neoplasms of the retroperitoneum and peritoneum; ... Malignant neoplasms of the trachea; bronchus and lung; heart, mediastinum and pleura; and other ill-defined sites in the ...
Thyroid Diseases [‎6]‎. Thyroid Neoplasms [‎12]‎. Tinea Capitis [‎2]‎. Tissue and Organ Procurement [‎18]‎. ...
Use of color Doppler ultrasonography for the prediction of malignancy in follicular thyroid neoplasms: systematic review and ... in predicting malignancy in thyroid follicular neoplasms (FNs). METHODS:. We searched Medical Subject Headings together with ... We included studies that assessed the diagnostic accuracy of CDU in identifying malignancy in thyroid FNs. The assessments of ... Predominant internal flow seen on CDU is associated with malignancy of thyroid FNs. Absence of internal flow or predominantly ...
An aged cat with a thyroid neoplasm showed clinical signs and had laboratory data and post mortem findings similar to those ... An aged cat with a thyroid neoplasm showed clinical signs and had laboratory data and post mortem findings similar to those ...
... is a non-invasive type of thyroid tumour. ... Non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like ... Non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) is a non-invasive type of thyroid tumour ... Non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP).. Exclusion criteria. Your pathologist ... Is non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) a type of cancer?. NIFTP is a non- ...
... kinase are specific and key oncogenic events in the onset of thyroid gland cancers such as the Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma (MTC ... Thyroid Gland / metabolism * Thyroid Gland / pathology * Thyroid Neoplasms / drug therapy* * Thyroid Neoplasms / metabolism ... kinase are specific and key oncogenic events in the onset of thyroid gland cancers such as the Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma (MTC ... Challenging clinically unresponsive medullary thyroid cancer: Discovery and pharmacological activity of novel RET inhibitors ...
Thyroid Neoplasms. Research Interests. Oncogenic transformation requires reprogramming in signaling and metabolism, which ... Mortalin (GRP75/HSPA9) Promotes Survival and Proliferation of Thyroid Carcinoma Cells.. (Starenki D, Sosonkina N, Hong SK, ... in which medullary thyroid cancer is a key pathological presentation. As a member of the American Cancer Society MEN2 ... including thyroid cancer. For example, inherited RET mutations are an important prognostic marker for the multiple endocrine ...
Thyroid gland, Thyroid neoplasms, Thyroid nodule, Thyroidectomy, Thyrotropin, Triiodothyronine", ... Follicular neoplasms: The role for observation, fine needle aspiration biopsy, thyroid suppression, and surgery. Seminars in ... Follicular neoplasms : The role for observation, fine needle aspiration biopsy, thyroid suppression, and surgery. In: Seminars ... Follicular neoplasms : The role for observation, fine needle aspiration biopsy, thyroid suppression, and surgery. / Louis, ...
Thyroid Neoplasms [C19.874.788]. Additional relevant MeSH terms:. Layout table for MeSH terms. ... Several techniques are employed in order to resect the suffering thyroid gland. Classic TT is considered today, the golden ... Patient had a previous thyroid operation. *Patient is participating in another clinical trial which may affect this studys ... surgery of the thyroid gland is considered safe with practically null mortality. Morbidity, although infrequent, is still a ...
Categories: Thyroid Neoplasms Image Types: Photo, Illustrations, Video, Color, Black&White, PublicDomain, CopyrightRestricted 1 ...
... non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) in April 2016. The purpose of this study ... An international group of experts recommended reclassifying non-invasive follicular variant of papillary thyroid cancers (FVPTC ... From: Preoperative prediction of non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features: a Canadian ...
Thyroid Neoplasms. Carcinoma. Hand Joints. Injections, Intra-Articular. Steroids. Ultrasonography, Interventional. Surgical ... Head and Neck Neoplasms. Neurilemmoma. Free Tissue Flaps. Reconstructive Surgical Procedures. Thyroidectomy. ...
Diagnosis and management of pediatric endocrine neoplasms. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2009 Jun. 21(3):379-85. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. ... Management Guidelines for Children with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. Thyroid. 2015 Jul. 25 (7):716-59. [ ... Thyroid nodules, thyroid function and dietary iodine in the Marshall islands. Int J Epidemiol. 1999 Aug. 28(4):742-9. [QxMD ... Canadian Pediatric Thyroid Nodule (CaPTN) Study Group. The Canadian Pediatric Thyroid Nodule Study: an evaluation of current ...
Exposure before age 8 to low doses of radioactive iodine was associated with increased risk of thyroid neoplasms and ... Epidemiology; Nuclear-energy; Nuclear-radiation; Nuclear-wastes; Radioactive-wastes; Thyroid-gland; Thyroid-gland-disorders; ... Thyroid disease associated with exposure to the Nevada test site radiation - a reevaluation based on corrected dosimetry and ... to radioactive iodine in fallout from nuclear weapons testing at the Nevada Test Site and the development of thyroid neoplasms ...
Nicole Cipriani (Follicular Patterned Thyroid Neoplasms). October: Dr. Jiaqi Shi (COMPASS-like Complex Gene-mutated Pancreatic ...
Thyroid Gland, Thyroidectomy, Surgical Procedures, Operative, General Surgery, Therapeutics, Carcinoma, Thyroid Neoplasms, ... Medical Oncology, Neoplasms, Public Health, Internal Medicine, Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures, Clinical Medicine, Nursing ... Gastrointestinal Neoplasms, Lung Neoplasms, Lung, Health Promotion ... Breast Neoplasms, Breast, Drug Therapy, Diagnostic Services, 50233, Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms, Breast ...
Malignant neoplasm of thyroid gland. C74. Malignant neoplasm of adrenal gland. C80.1. Malignant (primary) neoplasm, unspecified ...
Chapter 4, Surgery for Neoplasms of the Thyroid gland. In Bland KI, Karakousis CP, Copeland EM, et al. Atlas of Surgical ... Leuchter I, Becker M, Mickel R, Dulguerov P. Horners syndrome and thyroid neoplasms. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 2002;64 ... Ectopic intrathoracic thyroid is a rare presentation of thyroid disease and of all mediastinal tumors [3]. It is defined as the ... Nuclear Tc99 thyroid scan revealed a cold nodule in the right inferior thyroid gland extending below the sternum (Figure 4). ...
124 Malignant neoplasms of thyroid and other endocrine glands (C73-C75). 125 Other malignant neoplasms of other and unspecified ... 120 Malignant neoplasm of eye and adnexa (C69). 121 1 Malignant neoplasms of meninges, brain and other parts of central nervous ... 096 Malignant neoplasms of bone and articular cartilage (C40-C41). 097 1 Melanoma and other malignant neoplasms of skin (C43- ... 090 1 Malignant neoplasms of respiratory and intrathoracic organs (C30-C39). 091 Of nasal cavity, middle ear and accessory ...
Thyroid Neoplasms (Thyroid Cancer) 08/2012 - 04/2010. 3. Coronary Artery Disease (Coronary Atherosclerosis) 04/2012 - 08/2010. ...
Thyroid Neoplasms. 4. [disabled in preview]. 0. This preview shows a limited data set. Subscribe for full access, or try a ... certain thyroid gland abnormalities. Normal thyroid gland function depends on proper chemical signaling between the thyroid ... Healthy volunteers between 18 and 65 years of age and all patients requiring TRH evaluation of hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid ... Investigate whether a deficiency in endogenous cortisol and/or thyroid hormones after birth influences the severity of lung ...
  • Your thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland in the front of your neck. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Strazisar B, Petric R, Sesek M, Zgajnar J, Hocevar M, Besic N. Predictive factors of carcinoma in 279 patients with Hürthle cell neoplasm of the thyroid gland. (medscape.com)
  • The diagnosis cannot be made after a small tissue sample is removed from the thyroid gland in a procedure called fine-needle aspiration. (mypathologyreport.ca)
  • When examined under the microscope, the tumour cells in NIFTP are often separated from the surrounding normal thyroid gland by a thin tissue barrier called a tumour capsule . (mypathologyreport.ca)
  • If no capsule is seen, the tumour cells should still be separated from the normal thyroid gland by a small space. (mypathologyreport.ca)
  • Like the normal thyroid gland, NIFTP is made up of follicular cells that connect together to form follicles. (mypathologyreport.ca)
  • Your pathologist also needs to examine the tumour to ensure it does not have other features that are seen in cancers of the thyroid gland but not in NIFTP. (mypathologyreport.ca)
  • It is now known that "gain of function" mutations of RET (REarranged during Transfection) kinase are specific and key oncogenic events in the onset of thyroid gland cancers such as the Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma (MTC). (nih.gov)
  • The diagnosis and management of follicular carcinoma of the thyroid gland remains a controversial topic. (utmb.edu)
  • Nowadays, surgery of the thyroid gland is considered safe with practically null mortality. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • Several techniques are employed in order to resect the suffering thyroid gland. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • Nuclear Tc99 thyroid scan revealed a cold nodule in the right inferior thyroid gland extending below the sternum ( Figure 4 ). (ctsnet.org)
  • At operation, through a cervical collar incision 2 cm above the supra-sternal notch, and with the neck extended, the right thyroid gland was explored. (ctsnet.org)
  • The right thyroid gland extended into the middle mediastinum posterior to the innominate vein and lateral to the trachea. (ctsnet.org)
  • The mass was subsequently removed, preserving the superior portion of the right thyroid gland, and measured 8 x 6 x 5 cm ( Figure 6 ). (ctsnet.org)
  • Figure 6: Operative specimen - intra thoracic thyroid gland. (ctsnet.org)
  • This study will determine the safety and activity of a new formulation of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), a drug used for diagnosing and evaluating patients with certain thyroid gland abnormalities. (drugpatentwatch.com)
  • Normal thyroid gland function depends on proper chemical signaling between the thyroid gland, the hypothalamus (the part of the brain where TRH is made), and the pituitary (another part of the brain). (drugpatentwatch.com)
  • Healthy volunteers between 18 and 65 years of age and all patients requiring TRH evaluation of hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid gland interaction may be eligible for this study. (drugpatentwatch.com)
  • It also ensures the proper functioning of the thyroid gland. (mdpi.com)
  • However, Hodgkin s lymphoma affecting thyroid gland is very rare. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
  • Thyroid nodules are growths or swellings on the thyroid gland. (southcarolinablues.com)
  • Primary thyroid lymphoma can be defined as a lymphoma that arises from the thyroid gland. (medscape.com)
  • [ 1 ] This definition excludes those that invade the thyroid gland as a consequence of either metastasis or direct extension. (medscape.com)
  • The most common subtype of NHLs that arise primarily from the thyroid gland is diffuse large-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). (medscape.com)
  • Lymphoma of the thyroid gland. (medscape.com)
  • The book explains the metabolism of purines and pyrimidines in cancer, hypercalcemia in neoplastic disease without evidence of bone metastases, and neoplasms of other organs, such as the pituitary gland, thyroid, testis, and adrenal cortex. (elsevier.com)
  • Tumors or cancer of the THYROID GLAND. (bvsalud.org)
  • The thyroid gland has the function of secreting hormones that play an important role in metabolism. (bvsalud.org)
  • Given these results, the authors discuss the difficulty in diagnosing differentiation from a primary or metastatic neoplasm of the scalp, with the resources currently available, until the conclusion that it was a primary carcinoma of the sweat gland. (bvsalud.org)
  • Jung CK, Bychkov A, Kakudo K. Update from the 2022 World Health Organization Classification of Thyroid Tumors: A Standardized Diagnostic Approach. (medscape.com)
  • Pisanu A, Sias L, Uccheddu A. Factors predicting malignancy of Hürthle cell tumors of the thyroid: influence on surgical treatment. (medscape.com)
  • Although the 2012 American Thyroid Association guidelines do not advocate molecular testing of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma tumors, selective BRAF inhibitors are being tested in patients with BRAF -mutated anaplastic thyroid carcinoma and may hold promise. (medscape.com)
  • Ectopic intrathoracic thyroid is a rare presentation of thyroid disease and of all mediastinal tumors [3]. (ctsnet.org)
  • Patients include those with pituitary reserve, inconsistent thyroid function test, inappropriate TSH secretion, or pre- and post-operative evaluation of pituitary tumors. (drugpatentwatch.com)
  • OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasound in thyroid Hürthle cell tumors. (iospress.com)
  • METHODS: A retrospective analysis was carried out on 27 patients with thyroid Hürthle cell tumors, in terms of the size, shape, boundary, echo, aspect ratio, cystic degeneration, calcification, peripheral halo sign and blood supply of the tumor, through surgical pathological validation. (iospress.com)
  • RESULTS: The maximum diameter of the thyroid Hürthle cell tumors is between 0.6 cm and 4.6 cm. (iospress.com)
  • Biochemistry of Human Cancer focuses on advances in the application of biochemistry to the study of human cancers, such as neoplastic immunoglobulinopathies, cancer of the bladder, tumors of the neural crest, leukemias and lymphomas, and neoplasms of the bone. (elsevier.com)
  • The remaining chapters look at the role of enzymes and immunoglobulins in cancer, the tryptophan metabolism in cancer of the bladder and the carcinoid syndrome, the link between amino acid metabolism and tumors of the neural crest, and the neoplasms of the digestive tract and the accessory organs (pancreas and liver). (elsevier.com)
  • Thyroid cancer cell line mutations recapitulate those found in primary tumors (e.g. (elsevier.com)
  • Thyroid carcinomas are uncommon tumors in pediatric patients. (lww.com)
  • Tumors derived from the thyroid follicle are well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas (WDTC) and include papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) and follicular thyroid carcinomas (FTC). (lww.com)
  • These tumors, although rare (about 2 and 5% of thyroid cancer cases, respectively) ( 3 ), represent the most aggressive thyroid tumors but their median survival time is rather different being of 6-12 months and 3-5 years for ATC and PDTC, respectively ( 4 , 5 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • However, at least two or three histological classifications to better distinguish these two types of advanced thyroid tumors have been proposed and the one chosen by the pathologist for the diagnosis should be indicated in the pathological report ( 8 , 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • for this reason, a more tailored disease management will be possible.Thyroid cancer is the most prevalent neoplasm among endocrine tumors, presenting an increasing incidence trend over the last few years. (unimi.it)
  • The role of electron microscopy in characterization of uncommon epithelial pulmonary neoplasms, metastatic neoplasms to and from lung and other tumors, including mesenchymal neoplasms. (uab.edu)
  • The American Thyroid Association (ATA) issued management guidelines for children with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer. (medscape.com)
  • In this article we review the treatment of both well differentiated thyroid cancer (WDTC), as well as medullary thyroid cancer (MTC). (lww.com)
  • Anaplastic (ATC) and poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (PDTC) are very aggressive cancers whose histological diagnosis is not always straightforward. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Anaplastic (ATC) and poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (PDTC) take origin from the follicular cells but during the process of tumoral transformation, they lose progressively the typical features of these cells, being the ATC completely undifferentiated while PDTC showing an intermediate spectrum of differentiation ( 1 , 2 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Treatment of thyroid cancer in childhood : proceedings of a workshop held September 10-11, 1992, at the National Institutes of Health, in Bethesda, Maryland / edited by Jacob Robbins. (who.int)
  • What is thyroid cancer? (medlineplus.gov)
  • Thyroid cancer is a cancer that starts in the tissues of the thyroid. (medlineplus.gov)
  • What are the different types of thyroid cancer? (medlineplus.gov)
  • Who is more likely to develop thyroid cancer? (medlineplus.gov)
  • Certain people are more likely to develop thyroid cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
  • What are the symptoms of thyroid cancer? (medlineplus.gov)
  • Thyroid cancer may not cause symptoms at first. (medlineplus.gov)
  • How is thyroid cancer diagnosed? (medlineplus.gov)
  • What are the treatments for thyroid cancer? (medlineplus.gov)
  • Treatment for thyroid cancer depends on the type of cancer you have and whether the cancer has spread. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Can Thyroid Cancer Be Found Early? (medlineplus.gov)
  • Can Thyroid Cancer Be Prevented? (medlineplus.gov)
  • It is called pre-cancerous because if not removed, it can over time turn into a type of cancer called papillary thyroid carcinoma . (mypathologyreport.ca)
  • NIFTP is a non-invasive type of thyroid cancer. (mypathologyreport.ca)
  • However, unlike other types of thyroid cancer, it has a very low malignant potential which means it is very unlikely to spread to lymph nodes or other parts of the body. (mypathologyreport.ca)
  • At that time, it was also considered a type of thyroid cancer. (mypathologyreport.ca)
  • The follicular cells show changes that pathologists describe as "papillary-like nuclear features" because they look similar to the cells in a type of cancer called papillary thyroid carcinoma . (mypathologyreport.ca)
  • Papilla are very commonly seen in a type of cancer called papillary thyroid carcinoma and are not seen in NIFTP. (mypathologyreport.ca)
  • See Thyroid Cancer Staging . (medscape.com)
  • Anaplastic thyroid cancer: molecular pathogenesis and emerging therapies. (medscape.com)
  • Fine needle aspiration, although very sensitive with other types of thyroid cancer, has limited accuracy with follicular lesions. (utmb.edu)
  • Global patterns and trends in incidence and mortality of thyroid cancer in children and adolescents: a population-based study. (medscape.com)
  • Thyroid nodules in pediatric patients: sonographic characteristics and likelihood of cancer. (medscape.com)
  • Busko M. ATA Issues First Advice for Thyroid Nodules, Cancer in Children. (medscape.com)
  • The recommendations apply to thyroid nodules ≥1 cm in maximal diameter, evaluated by ultrasonography, in adult patients without a history of thyroid cancer 1 . (radiopaedia.org)
  • However, these nodules may also be caused by thyroid cancer, which occurs in 4-6.5% of nodules. (southcarolinablues.com)
  • A cohort study of 2215 patients with primary thyroid lymphoma from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database of the National Cancer Institute reported 5- and 10-year overall survival rates of 71.61% and 55.95%, respectively. (medscape.com)
  • Mice study showed that CSF1/CSF1R mediated TAMs recruitment in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and targeting CSF1/CSF1R impaired BRAF-induced thyroid cancer progression [ 21 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Purpose: Thyroid cancer cell lines are valuable models but have been neglected in pancancer genomic studies. (elsevier.com)
  • We aim to provide a validated dataset for thyroid cancer researchers. (elsevier.com)
  • 1 The incidence of thyroid cancer increases rapidly between 15 and 29 years of age, and reaches a plateau by the fifth to sixth decades. (lww.com)
  • In the United States from 1975 to 2000, thyroid cancer accounted for about 10% of all malignancies diagnosed in individuals 15 to 29 years of age and was the fourth most common cancer in this age group. (lww.com)
  • The study excluded patients who had undergone partial thyroidectomy, patients who had been operated on with minimally invasive techniques, patients operated on for an overactive nodular goiter, recurrent goiter, cancer or suspected thyroid cancer, patients with clinical signs of vocal fold palsy before surgery, and patients with diseases of the central or peripheral nervous system that may cause damage to the motor system or neuron of the motor system. (researchsquare.com)
  • This practical guide to the management of thyroid nodules and cancer offers the practitioner a common-sense approach to the management of an increasingly common clinical problem. (novapublishers.com)
  • Thyroid cancer is the most rapidly increasing cancer diagnosis in the United States and is now the fifth most common cancer among women. (novapublishers.com)
  • Indeed, an estimated 65,000 adults (15,000 men and 50,000 women) in the United States will be diagnosed this year with thyroid cancer. (novapublishers.com)
  • Practitioners seeking to help their patients and make sense of conflicting thyroid cancer guidelines will discover illustrative cases that represent common situations in clinical practice. (novapublishers.com)
  • Follicular Variant Papillary Cancer-Some Variants are now Reclassified as "Vanishing Thyroid Cancer" Syndrome (Non-Invasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm with Papillary-Like Nuclear Features=NIFTP)! (novapublishers.com)
  • Multikinase inhibitors have shown improved clinical outcome and implemented tumor response in advanced thyroid cancer. (unimi.it)
  • Targeted agents for advanced thyroid cancer: 'knowledge is power'- the role of multikinase inhibitors / A. Mangano, H.Y. Kim, G.D. Lianos, D.H. Roukos, G. Dionigi. (unimi.it)
  • Breast cancer is the most common neoplasm to metastasize to the oral cavity altogether. (washington.edu)
  • Dr. Zhang's research accomplishments include the discovery of diagnostic markers to distinguish thyroid cancer from benign growths and to differentiate between the precursor lesion for esophageal cancer (squamous dysplasia) and other reactive changes in the esophagus. (mayo.edu)
  • Dr. Zhang and colleagues also detected chromosomal alterations by florescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in urothelial carcinoma and rarer histologic variants of bladder cancer, and discovered the diagnostic utility of combination of HMGA2 and IMP3 qRT-PCR in thyroid neoplasms. (mayo.edu)
  • Molecular markers for thyroid cancer. (mayo.edu)
  • Dr. Zhang is developing molecular diagnostic markers for thyroid cancer and collaborating with endocrinologists at Mayo Clinic to develop prognostic markers. (mayo.edu)
  • The tumor-formerly called EFVPTC (encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma) but now known as NIFTP (noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features), with no C on the end to designate 'carcinoma'-is estimated to make up between 10% and 20% of all thyroid cancer diagnoses in Northern America and Europe, according to a press release . (newser.com)
  • All those people were diagnosed with cancer, which is terrifying psychologically for a patient, and also leads to aggressive, risky-and now officially unnecessary-treatments, such as the removal of the thyroid and radioactive iodine treatments. (newser.com)
  • If it's not a cancer, let's not call it a cancer,' the president-elect of the American Thyroid Association tells the Times . (newser.com)
  • Detection of Molecular Alterations in Taiwanese Patients with Medullary Thyroid Cancer Using Whole-Exome Sequencing. (cdc.gov)
  • Thyroid cancers represent approximately 1% of new cancer diagnoses in the United States each year. (medscape.com)
  • For summarized information on staging and treatment, see Thyroid Cancer Staging and Thyroid Cancer Treatment Protocols . (medscape.com)
  • Other studies which have included construction laborers as part of their cohort have observed findings similar to those of ours, with the exception of the excess risk of thyroid cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • The data presented in this edition of Cancer Incidence in Five The CI5 data include all invasive malignant neoplasms and Continents (CI5) are mainly organised according to anatomical some non-invasive malignant neoplasms For most morphology site However, for some sites, the histological type of cancer codes, a fifth digit /1 or /2 automatically excludes the data entry. (who.int)
  • Other specified malignant neoplasm (Other specified cancer tumour Other codes are obsolete, ie the entities have been in the previous edition). (who.int)
  • A neoplasm and malignant tumour are other common names for cancer. (who.int)
  • Lung, prostate, colorectal, stomach and liver cancer are the most common types of cancer in men, while breast, colorectal, lung, cervical and thyroid cancer are the most common among women. (who.int)
  • The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) and the European Society for Medical Oncology recommend consideration of molecular diagnostic testing in patients with indeterminate cytology, including follicular neoplasms to help predict malignancy, assist in management decisions, and aid in identification of clinical trials. (medscape.com)
  • According to the American Thyroid Association guidelines , this patient should now be managed in the same way as a cytologically confirmed thyroid carcinoma. (medscape.com)
  • For children at high risk for thyroid neoplasia, an annual physical examination is recommended and if the examination finds palpable nodules, thyroid asymmetry, and/or abnormal cervical lymphadenopathy, additional imaging is warranted. (medscape.com)
  • Evaluation of cytologically benign solitary thyroid nodules by ultrasonography: A retrospective analysis of 1877 cases. (medscape.com)
  • Management of thyroid nodules in children: a 20-year experience. (medscape.com)
  • Thyroid nodules in children: current profile of a changing disease. (medscape.com)
  • Solitary thyroid nodules in 71 children and adolescents. (medscape.com)
  • Hung W. Solitary thyroid nodules in 93 children and adolescents. (medscape.com)
  • Al-Shaikh A, Ngan B, Daneman A, Daneman D. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy in the management of thyroid nodules in children and adolescents. (medscape.com)
  • Pediatric thyroid nodules: management in the era of fine needle aspiration. (medscape.com)
  • Deng F, Knipe H, SRU guidelines for assessment of thyroid nodules. (radiopaedia.org)
  • The Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound (SRU) guidelines for the assessment of thyroid nodules were defined in a consensus conference statement published in 2005 focused on which thyroid nodules detected on ultrasonography should undergo fine needle aspiration . (radiopaedia.org)
  • Management of thyroid nodules detected at US: Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound consensus conference statement. (radiopaedia.org)
  • Core needle biopsy of thyroid nodules - evaluation of diagnostic utility and pain experience. (nel.edu)
  • A crucial problem in the non-operative diagnosis of thyroid nodules is the significant amount of non-diagnostic biopsies. (nel.edu)
  • Stangierski A, Wolinski K, Martin K, Leitgeber O, Ruchala M. Core needle biopsy of thyroid nodules - evaluation of diagnostic utility and pain experience. (nel.edu)
  • Many more will be treated for thyroid nodules. (novapublishers.com)
  • Alterations in this function may bring complications to individuals, among them thyroid nodules. (bvsalud.org)
  • The prevalence of thyroid nodules is higher in white people, older adults, women, smokers, with accumulated body fat and larger waist circumference. (bvsalud.org)
  • The aim of this study was to compare dietary intake of patients with benign (BN) and malignant (MN) thyroid nodules. (bvsalud.org)
  • History taking, physical examination, laboratory evaluation, and fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) are the mainstays in the evaluation of thyroid nodules. (medscape.com)
  • FNAB is the most important diagnostic tool in evaluating thyroid nodules and should be the first intervention. (medscape.com)
  • Obtain serum calcium levels to rule out medullary thyroid carcinoma or parathyroid neoplasms. (medscape.com)
  • Dr Chambers has an active clinical research program with a focus on diseases of the breast, thyroid and parathyroid glands, and neuroendocrine tumours. (edu.au)
  • Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery: New and Emerging Concepts. (elsevier.com)
  • A prospective study to compare the efficacy of ICG dye Angiography and Parathyroid Hormone measurement in early prediction of risk of decrease in blood calcium levels after thyroid surgery. (who.int)
  • 6. Previous thyroid and parathyroid surgery. (who.int)
  • Hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT) is a rare (orphan) endocrine disease with low calcium and inappropriately low (insufficient) circulating parathyroid hormone levels, most often in adults secondary to thyroid surgery. (bvsalud.org)
  • Experimental Design: We performed next-generation sequencing (NGS) and analyzed the transcriptome of 60 authenticated thyroid cell lines and compared our findings with the known genomic defects in human thyroid cancers. (elsevier.com)
  • Thyroid cancers represent the largest group of pediatric carcinomas. (lww.com)
  • Lung and prostate cancers are the most common neoplasms to metastasize to the oral cavity in men. (washington.edu)
  • Ultrasonography is an essential imaging technique for evaluation of thyroid masses and is used to guide fine-needle aspiration cytologic and core needle biopsy procedures. (medscape.com)
  • Bronner MP, Clevenger CV, Edmonds PR, Lowell DM, McFarland MM, LiVolsi VA. Flow cytometric analysis of DNA content in Hürthle cell adenomas and carcinomas of the thyroid. (medscape.com)
  • Thyroid carcinomas and lung adenocarcinoma share cytomorphological features yet have different prognoses. (elsevier.com)
  • Thyroid carcinomas can be classified according to the cell of origin. (lww.com)
  • In general, PTC represents about 80% and FTC accounts for approximately 20% of the differentiated thyroid carcinomas. (lww.com)
  • Medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTC) are derived from calcitonin-producing cells and account for 5% to 10% of thyroid carcinomas. (lww.com)
  • Theoretically, any malignant neoplasm can metastasize to the oral cavity, but in actuality few do and of the ones that do, the majority is carcinomas. (washington.edu)
  • In both efforts, he works with cytology and paraffin-embedded specimens of thyroid carcinomas. (mayo.edu)
  • Thyroid malignancies are divided into papillary carcinomas (80%), follicular carcinomas (10%), medullary thyroid carcinomas (5-10%), anaplastic carcinomas (1-2%), primary thyroid lymphomas (rare), and primary thyroid sarcomas (rare). (medscape.com)
  • Hürthle cell carcinomas account for 2-3% of all thyroid malignancies. (medscape.com)
  • A rare case of pulmonary metastasis has been reported in a 65-year-old woman diagnosed with a primary thyroid MALToma who underwent total thyroidectomy, followed by chemotherapy. (medscape.com)
  • Exposure before age 8 to low doses of radioactive iodine was associated with increased risk of thyroid neoplasms and thyroiditis in this cohort. (cdc.gov)
  • Thyroid lymphomas are very frequently associated with Hashimoto thyroiditis . (medscape.com)
  • patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis have a 60 times higher risk of developing primary thyroid lymphoma, compared with the general population. (medscape.com)
  • It then discusses the important biochemical aspects of pulmonary and prostatic neoplasms, including the serum acid and alkaline phosphatase activities of prostatic carcinoma. (elsevier.com)
  • General comment: I do not believe that the material recovered from a cystic fluid (if indeed the nodule is entirely fluid) can allow the diagnosis of follicular neoplasm. (thyroidmanager.org)
  • How do pathologists make the diagnosis of non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features? (mypathologyreport.ca)
  • Diagnosis of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) requires cytologic examination of tumor tissue. (medscape.com)
  • The pathological diagnosis confirmed a benign thyroid adenoma. (ctsnet.org)
  • OBJECTIVE: To assess the possible contribution by a multiparametric quantitative approach to the cytologic diagnosis of oxyphilic cell (OC) thyroid lesions. (elsevier.com)
  • The differential diagnosis of follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and follicular adenoma (FA) before surgery is a clinical challenge. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This is a unique case due to the low frequency 2 , the atypical clinical history, but mainly the difficult histopathological differential diagnosis and immunohistochemical evaluation among these neoplasms. (bvsalud.org)
  • Nearly 2400 individuals, 15 to 29 years of age were diagnosed with a malignant thyroid neoplasm in the United States during the year 2000. (lww.com)
  • Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is a rare malignant thyroid neoplasm. (scilit.net)
  • Thyroid hormone therapy is used to replace endogenous production after thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine therapy. (medscape.com)
  • We included 4 studies, which collectively evaluated 457 thyroid FNs, 67 of which had been classified as malignant based on the evaluation of surgical biopsy samples. (bvsalud.org)
  • The anterior pituitary produces six major hormones: (1) prolactin (PRL), (2) growth hormone (GH), (3) adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH), (4) luteinizing hormone (LH), (5) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and (6) thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). (mhmedical.com)
  • In 1993 we reported an association between exposure to radioactive iodine in fallout from nuclear weapons testing at the Nevada Test Site and the development of thyroid neoplasms in a cohort of 2473 exposed as children, and followed for up to 38 years. (cdc.gov)
  • Genomic dissection of Hurthle cell carcinoma reveals a unique class of thyroid malignancy. (medscape.com)
  • Use of color Doppler ultrasonography for the prediction of malignancy in follicular thyroid neoplasms: systematic review and meta-analysis. (bvsalud.org)
  • The purpose of this systematic review was to obtain summary estimates of the diagnostic accuracy of color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) in predicting malignancy in thyroid follicular neoplasms (FNs). (bvsalud.org)
  • We included studies that assessed the diagnostic accuracy of CDU in identifying malignancy in thyroid FNs. (bvsalud.org)
  • Moderate, rich, predominant, or exclusive internal flow on CDU of thyroid FNs was considered indicative of malignancy . (bvsalud.org)
  • Predominant internal flow seen on CDU is associated with malignancy of thyroid FNs. (bvsalud.org)
  • Absence of internal flow or predominantly peripheral flow indicates a low probability of thyroid FN malignancy . (bvsalud.org)
  • For an intrathoracic thyroid, surgical removal is indicated when the mass is large, when there is local compression of adjacent structures, and when there is a possibility of malignancy. (ctsnet.org)
  • The "Indeterminate" Thyroid FNA-What Additional Genomic Testing can Help Differentiate Malignancy Risk? (novapublishers.com)
  • Hürthle cell carcinoma is a rare thyroid malignancy that is often considered a variant of follicular carcinoma. (medscape.com)
  • All patients with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma are classified as having stage IV disease, because of the high mortality of the disease. (medscape.com)
  • Cabanillas ME, Zafereo M, Gunn GB, Ferrarotto R. Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma: Treatment in the Age of Molecular Targeted Therapy. (medscape.com)
  • Identification of novel therapeutic targets in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma using functional genomic mRNA-profiling: Paving the way for new avenues? (medscape.com)
  • Cases of MEC with papillary, insular, and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma have been reported. (scilit.net)
  • Thyroid surgery has evolved over the years from one of the most dangerous procedures to operations that are not only safe, but also well-tolerated and complication rates are low. (researchsquare.com)
  • In an indirect laryngoscopic examination performed by a laryngologist before the surgery, no disturbances in the mobility of the vocal folds were found, and no other voice disorders unrelated to thyroid diseases in the form of hoarseness, aphonia, dyspnea or laryngeal wheezing were found. (researchsquare.com)
  • However, its accuracy has been largely compromised for follicular lesions, namely follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and follicular adenoma (FA). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Rule out lymphoma in the presence of a poorly differentiated large cell thyroid tumor. (medscape.com)
  • 5% of thyroid malignancies. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
  • It represents less than 5% of thyroid malignancies. (medscape.com)
  • primary thyroid lymphoma may constitute 1-8% of all thyroid malignancies and 1-7% of all extranodal lymphomas. (medscape.com)
  • The clinical presentation is similar to that of other thyroid malignancies. (medscape.com)
  • As with other non-Hodgkin lymphomas, the median age of presentation in patients with thyroid lymphoma is approximately 60 years. (medscape.com)
  • The prognosis for patients with thyroid large-cell lymphoma usually is favorable because they typically present with localized disease, which is amenable to treatment with chemotherapy and radiation (see Treatment ). (medscape.com)
  • Patients with thyroid eye disease often have associated globe proptosis and lid lag along with eyelid retraction. (eyewiki.org)
  • Bentley AA, Gillespie C, Malis D. Evaluation and management of a solitary thyroid nodule in a child. (medscape.com)
  • Thyroid carcinoma most commonly manifests as a painless, palpable, solitary thyroid nodule. (medscape.com)
  • The key to the workup of the solitary thyroid nodule is to differentiate malignant from benign disease and, thus, to determine which patients require intervention and which patients may be monitored serially. (medscape.com)
  • An aged cat with a thyroid neoplasm showed clinical signs and had laboratory data and post mortem findings similar to those observed in human and canine patients afflicted with hyperthyroidism. (avmi.net)
  • In light of additional clinical information and TGB immunostain, the diagnoses of these two cases changed to metastatic thyroid carcinoma. (elsevier.com)
  • Commercially available panels of molecular markers utilizing FNA specimens from the thyroid are currently considered to be laboratory-developed tests (LDTs), which are regulated by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) as high-complexity tests under the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA '88). (southcarolinablues.com)
  • Clinical Significance of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Receptor Gene Mutations and/or Sodium-Iodine Symporter Gene Overexpression in Indeterminate Thyroid Fine Needle Biopsies. (bu.edu)
  • To Study the Prevalence of Different Forms of Thyroid Dysfunctions, Their Risk Factors and Clinical Implications in Cases of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Presenting at Tertiary Care Hospital of Kumaon Region of Uttarakhand. (aimdrjournal.com)
  • Non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) is a non-invasive type of thyroid tumour. (mypathologyreport.ca)
  • The tumour was described as non-invasive because the entire tumour was surrounded by a capsule and the tumour cells were not seen spreading into or invading the normal thyroid tissue. (mypathologyreport.ca)
  • This examination needs to be performed in order to make sure that the tumour cells do not cross the tumour capsule or spread into the normal surrounding thyroid tissue. (mypathologyreport.ca)
  • The terms 'neoplasm' and 'tumour' are used interchangeably. (who.int)
  • Primary thyroid lymphomas are practically always non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs). (medscape.com)
  • Thyroid hormone therapy. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The values of total thyroxin 3 (TT3), total thyroxin 4 (TT4), free thyroxin 3 (FT3), free thyroxin 4 (FT4), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were all normal. (ctsnet.org)
  • Lastly, suppression of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) may be one of the most beneficial treatments for WDTC. (lww.com)
  • Hürthle cell lesions of the thyroid: Progress made and challenges remaining. (medscape.com)
  • Grossly, anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid (ATC) is a large, fleshy, off-white tumor. (medscape.com)
  • Classic TT is considered today, the golden standard of total thyroid resection. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • Thyroid Transcription Factor-1 (TTF-1) is an immunohistochemical (IHC) marker used to confirm pulmonary and thyroid carcinoma, while Thyroglobulin (TGB) is expressed by thyroid carcinoma. (elsevier.com)
  • Herrera GA, Alexander CB, Jones M. Ultrastructural characterization of pulmonary neoplasms I. The role of electron microscopy in characterization of the most common epithelial neoplasms. (uab.edu)
  • Herrera GA, Alexander CB, Jones M. Ultrastructural characterization of pulmonary neoplasms II. (uab.edu)
  • Histological typing of thyroid tumours / Chr. (who.int)
  • The main structure of the histological grouping is that Morphology codes specific types of malignant neoplasms are listed as wel as Grouping of morphological codes presents several difficulties. (who.int)
  • Utilities of RAS Mutations in Preoperative Fine Needle Biopsies for Decision Making for Thyroid Nodule Management: Results from a Single-Center Prospective Cohort. (bu.edu)
  • After 5 years of follow-up, she was diagnosed with metastatic thyroid MALT lymphoma. (medscape.com)
  • Cannon J. The significance of hurthle cells in thyroid disease. (medscape.com)
  • Chiesa F. Thyroid disease in northern Italian children born around the time of the Chernobyl nuclear accident. (medscape.com)
  • Nodular thyroid disease in children and adolescents. (medscape.com)
  • Thyroid disease associated with exposure to the Nevada test site radiation - a reevaluation based on corrected dosimetry and examination data. (cdc.gov)
  • A panel of three medical experts, blinded to the exposure history of the subjects and using the most recent diagnostic criteria, reviewed the medical history of the 358 subjects with thyroid disease. (cdc.gov)
  • Investigate whether a deficiency in endogenous cortisol and/or thyroid hormones after birth influences the severity of lung disease and the development of chronic lung disease. (drugpatentwatch.com)
  • The purpose of this study is to evaluate the type and frequency of thyroid disease most often associated with acromegaly patients.Material and methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study analysing the data from the observation charts of 77 patients with acromegaly (58 fem. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
  • The most common causes of upper eyelid retraction include thyroid eye disease, recession of superior rectus muscle, and contralateral ptosis. (eyewiki.org)
  • The most common cause of unilateral or bilateral upper eyelid retraction is Graves' ophthalmopathy, or thyroid eye disease. (eyewiki.org)
  • Upper eyelid retraction in thyroid eye disease often has temporal flare, when retraction is more pronounced at the lateral aspect of the eyelid. (eyewiki.org)
  • If thyroid eye disease has been ruled out, Bartley proposed three categories of upper eyelid retraction: neurogenic, myogenic, and mechanistic causes. (eyewiki.org)
  • Compound 5 was able to significantly reduce proliferation of both commercially available TT cell lines and surgical thyroid tissues obtained from patients with MTC and displayed a suitable drug-like profile, thus standing out as a promising candidate for further development towards the treatment of clinically unresponsive MTC. (nih.gov)
  • A 12-year-old neutered male Husky dog had a neoplasm at the base of the heart which did not invade surrounding tissues. (avmi.net)
  • It is defined as the presence of enlarged thyroid tissue below the plane of the thoracic inlet. (ctsnet.org)
  • Malignant struma ovarii is a rare ovarian neoplasm composed predominantly of mature thyroid tissue. (nel.edu)
  • Adjacent to the neoplasm was a rim of ectopic thyroid tissue that appeared histologically normal. (avmi.net)
  • Malignant neoplasms of the kidney can originate from different types of tissue. (krebsdaten.de)
  • The cytopathology archive of The Johns Hopkins Hospital was searched for cases of lung adenocarcinoma versus thyroid carcinoma with TTF-1 and TGB IHC. (elsevier.com)
  • Forty-four cases of lung adenocarcinoma (25) and thyroid carcinoma (19) were retrieved. (elsevier.com)
  • One was metastatic lung adenocarcinoma to the thyroid and three were metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) to the lung. (elsevier.com)
  • TTF-1 and TGB is a small immunostain panel that can differentiate lung adenocarcinoma from thyroid carcinoma and prevent misdiagnosis and its consequences. (elsevier.com)
  • Sathiyamoorthy, S & Maleki, Z 2014, ' Cytomorphologic overlap of differentiated thyroid carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma and diagnostic value of TTF-1 and TGB on cytologic material ', Diagnostic cytopathology , vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 5-10. (elsevier.com)
  • The ICD-10 code range for Malignant neoplasms of thyroid and other endocrine glands C73-C75 is medical classification list by the World Health Organization (WHO). (aapc.com)
  • Thyroid lymphoma is the only curable condition that may be confused with ATC. (medscape.com)
  • Primary thyroid Hodgkin lymphoma is extremely rare. (medscape.com)
  • It has also been reported that a mutation or deletion in A20, which is a negative regulator of NF-кB signaling pathway, plays a role in the pathogenesis of certain subsets of thyroid B-cell lymphoma, especially MALTomas. (medscape.com)
  • Primary thyroid lymphoma is rare. (medscape.com)
  • Kesireddy M, Lasrado S. Thyroid Lymphoma. (medscape.com)
  • The significance of MALT histology in thyroid lymphoma: a review of patients from the BNLI and Royal Marsden Hospital. (medscape.com)
  • Radiotherapy is a mode of treatment that is often used for malign neoplasms of the head and neck and has a significant cure rate, although it is associated with various oral complications 2 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Accumulation of p27(kip1) is associated with cyclin D3 overexpression in the oxyphilic (Hurthle cell) variant of follicular thyroid carcinoma. (medscape.com)