Thiamine Pyrophosphate
Thiamine Monophosphate
Thiamine Triphosphate
3-((4-Amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl)-4-methyl-5-(4,6,8,8-tetrahydroxy-3,5,7-trioxa-4,6,8-triphosphaoct-1-yl)thiazolium hydroxide, inner salt, P,P',P''-trioxide. The triphosphate ester of thiamine. In Leigh's disease, this compound is present in decreased amounts in the brain due to a metabolic block in its formation.
Pyrithiamine
Wernicke Encephalopathy
An acute neurological disorder characterized by the triad of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and disturbances of mental activity or consciousness. Eye movement abnormalities include nystagmus, external rectus palsies, and reduced conjugate gaze. THIAMINE DEFICIENCY and chronic ALCOHOLISM are associated conditions. Pathologic features include periventricular petechial hemorrhages and neuropil breakdown in the diencephalon and brainstem. Chronic thiamine deficiency may lead to KORSAKOFF SYNDROME. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1139-42; Davis & Robertson, Textbook of Neuropathology, 2nd ed, pp452-3)
Beriberi
A disease caused by a deficiency of thiamine (vitamin B1) and characterized by polyneuritis, cardiac pathology, and edema. The epidemic form is found primarily in areas in which white (polished) rice is the staple food, as in Japan, China, the Philippines, India, and other countries of southeast Asia. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Pyruvate Decarboxylase
Korsakoff Syndrome
An acquired cognitive disorder characterized by inattentiveness and the inability to form short term memories. This disorder is frequently associated with chronic ALCOHOLISM; but it may also result from dietary deficiencies; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; NEOPLASMS; CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS; ENCEPHALITIS; EPILEPSY; and other conditions. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1139)
Anemia, Megaloblastic
Alcohol Amnestic Disorder
Encephalomalacia
Softening or loss of brain tissue following CEREBRAL INFARCTION; cerebral ischemia (see BRAIN ISCHEMIA), infection, CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA, or other injury. The term is often used during gross pathologic inspection to describe blurred cortical margins and decreased consistency of brain tissue following infarction. Multicystic encephalomalacia refers to the formation of multiple cystic cavities of various sizes in the cerebral cortex of neonates and infants following injury, most notably perinatal hypoxia-ischemic events. (From Davis et al., Textbook of Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p665; J Neuropathol Exp Neurol, 1995 Mar;54(2):268-75)
Phosphotransferases (Phosphate Group Acceptor)
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex
A multienzyme complex responsible for the formation of ACETYL COENZYME A from pyruvate. The enzyme components are PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE (LIPOAMIDE); dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase; and LIPOAMIDE DEHYDROGENASE. Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is subject to three types of control: inhibited by acetyl-CoA and NADH; influenced by the energy state of the cell; and inhibited when a specific serine residue in the pyruvate decarboxylase is phosphorylated by ATP. PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE (LIPOAMIDE)-PHOSPHATASE catalyzes reactivation of the complex. (From Concise Encyclopedia Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 3rd ed)
Membrane Transport Proteins
Riboflavin
Nutritional factor found in milk, eggs, malted barley, liver, kidney, heart, and leafy vegetables. The richest natural source is yeast. It occurs in the free form only in the retina of the eye, in whey, and in urine; its principal forms in tissues and cells are as FLAVIN MONONUCLEOTIDE and FLAVIN-ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE.
Defective high-affinity thiamine transporter leads to cell death in thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome fibroblasts. (1/735)
We have investigated the cellular pathology of the syndrome called thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia (TRMA) with diabetes and deafness. Cultured diploid fibroblasts were grown in thiamine-free medium and dialyzed serum. Normal fibroblasts survived indefinitely without supplemental thiamine, whereas patient cells died in 5-14 days (mean 9.5 days), and heterozygous cells survived for more than 30 days. TRMA fibroblasts were rescued from death with 10-30 nM thiamine (in the range of normal plasma thiamine concentrations). Positive terminal deoxynucleotide transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) staining suggested that cell death was due to apoptosis. We assessed cellular uptake of [3H]thiamine at submicromolar concentrations. Normal fibroblasts exhibited saturable, high-affinity thiamine uptake (Km 400-550 nM; Vmax 11 pmol/min/10(6) cells) in addition to a low-affinity unsaturable component. Mutant cells lacked detectable high-affinity uptake. At 30 nM thiamine, the rate of uptake of thiamine by TRMA fibroblasts was 10-fold less than that of wild-type, and cells from obligate heterozygotes had an intermediate phenotype. Transfection of TRMA fibroblasts with the yeast thiamine transporter gene THI10 prevented cell death when cells were grown in the absence of supplemental thiamine. We therefore propose that the primary abnormality in TRMA is absence of a high-affinity thiamine transporter and that low intracellular thiamine concentrations in the mutant cells cause biochemical abnormalities that lead to apoptotic cell death. (+info)Cloning and characterization of the thiD/J gene of Escherichia coli encoding a thiamin-synthesizing bifunctional enzyme, hydroxymethylpyrimidine kinase/phosphomethylpyrimidine kinase. (2/735)
A 1.7 kb DNA fragment isolated from an E. coli genomic library was able to complement the thiamin requirement of strains carrying the thiM, thiJ and thiD mutations. The three genes encode hydroxyethylthiazole kinase, hydroxymethylpyrimidine (HMP) kinase and phosphomethylpyrimidine (HMP-p) kinase, respectively. Sequence analysis revealed that the 1.7 kb fragment contained two ORFs of 708 bp and 801 bp. The former ORF complemented the thiM mutation and the latter ORF both the thiJ and thiD mutations. The latter ORF was cloned into the expression vector pET3a, and the encoded protein was purified through three successive column chromatographies. The purified protein was able to convert HMP to its monophosphate and the monophosphate to its pyrophosphate. These results suggest that the two distinct enzyme activities, HMP kinase and HMP-P kinase, are indeed a bifunctional enzyme encoded by a single gene, designated thiDIJ. (+info)Efficient sequence analysis of the six gene products (7-74 kDa) from the Escherichia coli thiamin biosynthetic operon by tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry. (3/735)
The 10(5) resolving power and MS/MS capabilities of Fourier-transform mass spectrometry provide electrospray ionization mass spectra containing >100 molecular and fragment ion mass values of high accuracy. Applying these spectra to the detection and localization of errors and modifications in the DNA-derived sequences of proteins is illustrated with the thiCEFSGH thiamin biosynthesis operon from Escherichia coli. Direct fragmentation of the multiply-charged intact protein ions produces large fragment ions covering the entire sequence; further dissociation of these fragment ions provides information on their sequences. For ThiE (23 kDa), the entire sequence was verified in a single spectrum with an accurate (0.3 Da) molecular weight (Mr) value, with confirmation from MS/MS fragment masses. Those for ThiH (46 kDa) showed that the Mr value (1 Da error) represented the protein without the start Met residue. For ThiF (27 kDa), MS/MS localized a sequence discrepancy to a 34 residue peptide. The first 107 residues of ThiC (74 kDa) were shown to be correct, with C-terminal heterogeneity indicated. For ThiG (predicted Mr = 34 kDa), ESI/FTMS showed two components of 7,310.74 (ThiS) and 26,896.5 Da (ThiG); MS/MS uncovered three reading frame errors and a stop codon for the first protein. MS/MS ions are consistent with 68 fragments predicted by the corrected ThiS/ThiG DNA sequences. (+info)Overexpression of recombinant proteins with a C-terminal thiocarboxylate: implications for protein semisynthesis and thiamin biosynthesis. (4/735)
A facile and rapid method for the production of protein C-terminal thiocarboxylates on DNA-encoded polypeptides is described. This method, which relies on the mechanism of the cleavage reaction of intein-containing fusion proteins, can produce multi-milligram quantities of protein C-terminal thiocarboxylate quickly and inexpensively. The utility of this method for protein semisynthesis and implications for studies on the biosynthesis of thiamin are discussed. (+info)Dietary thiamin level influences levels of its diphosphate form and thiamin-dependent enzymic activities of rat liver. (5/735)
This study was prompted by our incomplete understanding of the mechanism responsible for the clinical benefits of pharmacological doses of thiamin in some patients with maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) and the question of whether thiamin diphosphate (TDP), a potent inhibitor of the activity of the protein kinase that phosphorylates and inactivates the isolated branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase (BCKDH) complex, affects the activity state of the complex. Rats were fed a chemically-defined diet containing graded levels of thiamin (0, 0.275, 0.55, 5.5, and 55 mg thiamin/kg diet). Maximal weight gain was attained over a 3-wk period only in rats fed diets with 5.5 and 55 mg thiamin/kg. Feeding rats the thiamin-free diet for just 2 d caused loss of nearly half of the TDP from liver mitochondria. Three more days caused over 70% loss, an additional 3 wk, over 90%. Starvation for 2 d had no effect, suggesting a mechanism for conservation of TDP in this nutritional state. Mitochondrial TDP was higher in rats fed pharmacological amounts of thiamin (55 mg thiamin/kg diet) than in rats fed adequate thiamin for maximal growth. Varying dietary thiamin had marked but opposite effects on the activities of alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (alpha-KGDH) and BCKDH. Thiamin deficiency decreased alpha-KGDH activity, increased BCKDH activity, and increased the proportion of BCKDH in the active, dephosphorylated, state. Excess dietary thiamin had the opposite effects. TDP appears to be more tightly associated with alpha-KGDH than BCKDH in thiamin-deficient rats, perhaps denoting retention of alpha-KGDH activity at the expense of BCKDH activity. Thus, thiamin deficiency and excess cause large changes in mitochondrial TDP levels that have a major influence on the activities of the keto acid dehydrogenase complexes. (+info)Thiamine repression and pyruvate decarboxylase autoregulation independently control the expression of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae PDC5 gene. (6/735)
The Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene PDC5 encodes the minor isoform of pyruvate decarboxylase (Pdc). In this work we show that expression of PDC5 but not that of PDC1, which encodes the major isoform, is repressed by thiamine. Hence, under thiamine limitation both PDC1 and PDC5 are expressed. PDC5 also becomes strongly expressed in a pdc1delta mutant. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of whole protein extracts shows that thiamine limitation stimulates the production of THI gene products and of Pdc5p. Deletion of PDC1 only stimulates production of Pdc5p. We conclude that the stimulation of PDC5 expression in a pdc1delta mutant is not due to a response to thiamine limitation. (+info)Rereplication phenomenon in fission yeast requires MCM proteins and other S phase genes. (7/735)
The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe can be induced to perform multiple rounds of DNA replication without intervening mitoses by manipulating the activity of the cyclin-dependent kinase p34(cdc2). We have examined the role in this abnormal rereplication of a large panel of genes known to be involved in normal S phase. The genes analyzed can be grouped into four classes: (1) those that have no effect on rereplication, (2) others that delay DNA accumulation, (3) several that allow a gradual increase in DNA content but not in genome equivalents, and finally, (4) mutations that completely block rereplication. The rereplication induced by overexpression of the CDK inhibitor Rum1p or depletion of the Cdc13p cyclin is essentially the same and requires the activity of two minor B-type cyclins, cig1(+) and cig2(+). In particular, the level, composition, and localization of the MCM protein complex does not alter during rereplication. Thus rereplication in fission yeast mimics the DNA synthesis of normal S phase, and the inability to rereplicate provides an excellent assay for novel S-phase mutants. (+info)Characterization and hormonal modulation of immunoreactive thiamin carrier protein secreted by adult rat Leydig cells in vitro. (8/735)
Leydig cells isolated from adult rats and maintained under defined conditions in culture secrete a protein of molecular weight (Mr) 70 000 which is immunologically similar to chicken thiamin carrier protein (TCP). Synthesis of immunoreactive TCP by these cells is demonstrated by immunoprecipitation of [35S]methionine incorporated, newly synthesized proteins with monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies to chicken TCP. The amount of immunoreactive TCP secreted into the culture supernatant is quantitated by using a specific radioimmunoassay. Under the influence of LH, secretion of immunoreactive TCP is enhanced 3-fold and can be inhibited by up to 70% with aromatase inhibitor (1,4,6-androstatrien-3,17-dione). Cyclic AMP acts as a second messenger in the sequence of events involved in LH-induced elevation of immunoreactive TCP in Leydig cells. The effects of exogenous estradiol-17beta and diethylstilbestrol are comparable in terms of stimulation of secretion of immunoreactive TCP by these cells. Tamoxifen brought about a 70% decrease in the elevated levels of immunoreactive TCP. These results suggest that estrogen mediates immunoreactive TCP induction in hormonally stimulated adult rat Leydig cells. (+info) Wernicke Encephalopathy (WE) is a type of brain disorder caused by a deficiency in thiamine (vitamin B1). It is characterized by damage to the brain's gray matter, particularly in the cortex and hippocampus. This condition is often seen in individuals who consume a diet that is low in thiamine or have certain medical conditions that interfere with thiamine absorption.
The symptoms of WE can vary depending on the severity of the deficiency, but common manifestations include:
1. Confusion and disorientation
2. Memory loss and difficulty learning new information
3. Difficulty with coordination and balance
4. Loss of muscle tone and weakness in the arms and legs
5. Disturbances in vision, hearing, and taste
6. Nausea and vomiting
7. Abnormalities in heart rate and blood pressure
8. Increased risk of seizures and coma
If left untreated, WE can lead to more severe complications such as Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome (WKS), a condition that involves the loss of brain tissue and memory loss. Treatment for WE typically involves thiamine supplements and addressing any underlying causes of the deficiency. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary to monitor and treat complications.
Beri-beri is a disease caused by a deficiency of thiamine (vitamin B1) in the diet. It was first identified in Sri Lanka in the 19th century and was once a major public health problem in many parts of Asia. The name "beriberi" comes from the Sinhalese word for "I am weak."
The symptoms of beriberi include weakness, fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and heart failure. In severe cases, it can cause paralysis, psychosis, and even death. Beriberi is most commonly seen in areas where polished rice is a major part of the diet, as thiamine is lost during the processing of rice.
Treatment of beriberi involves replacing the missing thiamine through dietary supplements or injections. Prevention includes ensuring adequate intake of thiamine-rich foods, such as whole grains, legumes, and leafy greens, and avoiding the consumption of polished rice.
Beri-beri is a significant public health issue in many developing countries, where access to nutritious food may be limited and poverty and malnutrition are widespread. It is also an important reminder of the importance of proper nutrition in maintaining good health.
Korsakoff syndrome, also known as amnesic dissociative disorder, is a psychological condition that affects memory and cognition. It is caused by severe alcoholism or malnutrition, particularly thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency. This condition was first described by the Russian neuropsychiatrist Sergei Korsakoff in 1881.
The key symptoms of Korsakoff syndrome are:
* Memory loss: Sufferers experience difficulty in forming new memories, which can result in short-term memory loss. They may not remember recent events or conversations, and may have trouble recalling information they learned recently.
* Confabulation: Individuals with Korsakoff syndrome may fill in memory gaps with fabricated information, leading to confabulation (false memories). This can result in inaccurate or distorted recollections of past events.
* Dissociation: The condition can lead to dissociative symptoms such as depersonalization (feeling detached from oneself) and derealization (feeling detached from the world around them).
Korsakoff syndrome is a serious condition that requires prompt medical attention, particularly if it is caused by severe alcoholism or malnutrition. Treatment typically involves addressing the underlying cause of the disorder, such as stopping alcohol consumption and correcting any nutritional deficiencies. In some cases, medication may be prescribed to manage symptoms like anxiety or depression.
The condition is often seen in people who have a history of chronic alcoholism, although it can also occur in individuals with other conditions that affect the brain and central nervous system. Korsakoff syndrome can significantly impact an individual's ability to function in daily life, particularly if left untreated.
Megaloblastic anemia is a type of anemia that occurs when the body produces abnormally large red blood cells (megaloblasts) due to a deficiency of vitamin B12 or folate. This condition is characterized by anemia, fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath. Megaloblastic anemia can be caused by a variety of factors, including pernicious anemia (an autoimmune disorder that affects the absorption of vitamin B12), atrophic gastritis (inflammation of the stomach lining that interferes with vitamin B12 absorption), and folate deficiency.
Symptoms of megaloblastic anemia may include fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, pale skin, and weight loss. The condition is typically diagnosed through a physical examination, blood tests (including a complete blood count and blood chemistry tests), and possibly a bone marrow biopsy.
Treatment for megaloblastic anemia usually involves addressing the underlying cause of the condition, such as vitamin B12 or folate supplements. In some cases, medications to stimulate the production of red blood cells may be prescribed. If left untreated, megaloblastic anemia can lead to complications such as heart problems and increased risk of infections.
Alcohol Amnestic Disorder is a condition where an individual experiences memory loss due to excessive alcohol consumption over a prolonged period. It is also known as Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome or Alcohol-Related Dementia.
The disorder is caused by the damage of brain cells due to the deficiency of thiamine (Vitamin B1) which is essential for proper brain functioning. The condition can be divided into two main categories:
1. Wernicke's Encephalopathy: This is the acute form of the disorder where the individual experiences confusion, ataxia (loss of coordination), and oculomotor dysfunction (abnormal eye movements).
2. Korsakoff's Psychosis: This is the chronic form of the disorder where the individual experiences memory loss and confabulation (making up memories).
Symptoms of Alcohol Amnestic Disorder include:
* Memory loss for events that occurred both short-term and long-term
* Difficulty learning new information
* Confusion and disorientation
* Slurred speech and difficulty with coordination
* Increased risk of seizures
Diagnosis of the disorder is based on a combination of medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests such as blood tests to check for thiamine deficiency. Treatment typically involves abstinence from alcohol, thiamine supplements, and supportive care to manage symptoms.
Prognosis for Alcohol Amnestic Disorder varies depending on the severity of the condition and the individual's response to treatment. In general, the earlier the diagnosis and treatment, the better the prognosis. However, if left untreated, the condition can lead to permanent brain damage and even death.
It is important to note that Alcohol Amnestic Disorder is preventable by avoiding excessive alcohol consumption and ensuring adequate thiamine intake through a balanced diet or supplements. Early detection and treatment can help to reduce the risk of long-term cognitive impairment and improve overall outcomes.
Encephalomalacia refers to a softening or degeneration of the brain tissue, typically due to injury, infection, or other forms of damage. The term is derived from the Greek words "enkephalos," meaning "brain," and "malakos," meaning "soft."
Encephalomalacia can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
1. Traumatic brain injury: A blow to the head or other form of trauma can cause the brain to become bruised or damaged, leading to encephalomalacia.
2. Infection: Certain infections, such as meningitis or encephalitis, can damage brain tissue and lead to encephalomalacia.
3. Stroke or other forms of ischemia: A lack of blood flow to the brain can cause damage to brain tissue and lead to encephalomalacia.
4. Neurodegenerative diseases: Conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease can cause progressive degeneration of brain tissue over time.
5. Toxins: Exposure to certain toxins, such as lead or other heavy metals, can damage brain tissue and lead to encephalomalacia.
Symptoms of encephalomalacia may include:
1. Cognitive decline
2. Memory loss
3. Confusion
4. Difficulty with coordination and balance
5. Weakness or paralysis of certain muscle groups
6. Seizures
7. Vision problems
8. Hearing loss
Encephalomalacia is typically diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and imaging tests such as CT or MRI scans. Treatment depends on the underlying cause of the condition and may include medication, surgery, or other forms of therapy. In some cases, encephalomalacia may be a chronic and progressive condition, while in others it may resolve with treatment.
Thiamine
Five natural thiamine phosphate derivatives are known: thiamine monophosphate (ThMP), thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), thiamine ... In lactating women, thiamine is delivered in breast milk even if it results in thiamine deficiency in the mother. Thiamine is ... ThMP is hydrolyzed to thiamine and then pyrophosphorylated to TPP by thiamine diphosphokinase (thiamine + ATP → TPP + AMP). The ... Thiamine, also known as thiamin and vitamin B1, is a vitamin, an essential micronutrient, that cannot be made in the body. It ...
Thiamine oxidase
Other names in common use include thiamin dehydrogenase, thiamine dehydrogenase, and thiamin:oxygen 5-oxidoreductase. This ... thiamine acetic acid + 2 H2O2 The 3 substrates of this enzyme are thiamine, O2, and H2O, whereas its two products are thiamine ... In enzymology, a thiamine oxidase (EC 1.1.3.23) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction thiamine + 2 O2 + H2O ⇌ {\ ... 3. Metabolism of thiamine to 3-(2'-methyl-4'-amino-5'-pyrimidylmethyl)-4-methyl-thiazole-5-acetic acid (thiamine acetic acid) ...
Thiamine monophosphate
... is a thiamine derivative. It occurs naturally in milk. Schmidt, Anatol; Pratsch, Herbert; Schreiner, ...
Thiamine-triphosphatase
... is an enzyme involved in thiamine metabolism. It catalyzes the chemical reaction thiamine triphosphate ... Thiamine-diphosphate kinase Hashitani Y, Cooper JR (1972). "The partial purification of thiamine triphosphatase from rat brain ... Its systematic name is thiamine triphosphate phosphohydrolase. As of late 2007, only one structure has been solved for this ... H2O ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } thiamine diphosphate + phosphate This enzyme belongs to the family of acid anhydride ...
Thiamine pyrophosphate
... (TPP or ThPP), or thiamine diphosphate (ThDP), or cocarboxylase is a thiamine (vitamin B1) derivative ... Thiamine pyrophosphate is synthesized in the cytosol and is required in the cytosol for the activity of transketolase and in ... Thiamine pyrophosphate is a cofactor that is present in all living systems, in which it catalyzes several biochemical reactions ... Begley, Tadhg P.; Ealick, Steven E. (2010-01-01), Liu, Hung-Wen (Ben); Mander, Lew (eds.), "7.15 - Thiamin Biosynthesis", ...
Thiamine deficiency
Impaired thiamine utilization: Magnesium, which is required for the binding of thiamine to thiamine-using enzymes within the ... Thiamine deficiency is a medical condition of low levels of thiamine (Vitamin B1). A severe and chronic form is known as ... The normal thiamine concentration in EDTA-blood is about 20-100 µg/L. Many people with beriberi can be treated with thiamine ... A derivative of thiamine, thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), is a cofactor involved in the citric acid cycle, as well as connecting ...
Thiamine triphosphate
... by a specific thiamine-triphosphatase. It can also be converted into ThDP by thiamine-diphosphate kinase. Thiamine triphosphate ... Yusa T. (1962). "Studies on thiamine triphosphate II. Thiamine triphosphate as phosphate donor". Plant Cell. 3: 95-103. Rindi G ... "Thiamine triphosphate and thiamine triphosphatase activities: from bacteria to mammals". Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 60 (7): 1477-88. ... Thiamine triphosphate (ThTP) is a biomolecule found in most organisms including bacteria, fungi, plants and animals. Chemically ...
Thiamine kinase
... thiamin phosphokinase, ATP:thiamin phosphotransferase, and thiamin kinase. This enzyme participates in thiamine metabolism. ... thiamine phosphate Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and thiamine, whereas its two products are ADP and thiamine ... In enzymology, a thiamine kinase (EC 2.7.1.89) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP + thiamine ⇌ {\ ... The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP:thiamine phosphotransferase. Other names in common use include thiamin kinase ( ...
Thiamine transporter
Members of this protein family have been assigned as thiamine transporters by a phylogenomic analysis of families of genes ... Evidence from Bacillus cereus indicates thiamine uptake is coupled to proton translocation. This family includes human solute ... Erkens GB, Slotboom DJ (April 2010). "Biochemical characterization of ThiT from Lactococcus lactis: a thiamin transporter with ... levels can regulate transcription of many genes related to thiamine transport, salvage, and de novo biosynthesis. Species with ...
Thiamine diphosphokinase
Other names in common use include thiamin kinase, thiamine pyrophosphokinase, ATP:thiamin pyrophosphotransferase, thiamin ... In enzymology, a thiamine diphosphokinase (EC 2.7.6.2) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP + thiamine ⇌ {\ ... displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } AMP + thiamine diphosphate Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and thiamine, ... thiamin:ATP pyrophosphotransferase, and TPTase. This enzyme participates in thiamine metabolism. As of late 2007, six ...
Thiamine-diphosphate kinase
... thiamin diphosphate phosphotransferase, thiamin pyrophosphate kinase, thiamine diphosphate kinase, and protein bound thiamin ... a thiamine-diphosphate kinase is an enzyme involved in thiamine metabolism. It catalyzes the chemical reaction thiamine ... Other names in common use include ATP:thiamin-diphosphate phosphotransferase, TDP kinase, thiamin diphosphate kinase, ... the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and thiamine diphosphate, whereas its two products are ADP and thiamine triphosphate ...
Adenosine thiamine triphosphate
... (AThTP), or thiaminylated adenosine triphosphate, is a natural thiamine adenine nucleotide. It ... In E. coli AThTP is synthesized from thiamine diphosphate (ThDP) according to the following reaction catalyzed by thiamine ... 2007). "Discovery of a natural thiamine adenine nucleotide". Nat. Chem. Biol. 3 (4): 211-2. doi:10.1038/nchembio867. PMID ... Jordan F (2007). "Adenosine triphosphate and thiamine cross paths". Nat. Chem. Biol. 3 (4): 202-3. doi:10.1038/nchembio0407-202 ...
Thiamine-phosphate diphosphorylase
Other names in common use include thiamine phosphate synthase, thiamine phosphate pyrophosphorylase, thiamine monophosphate ... In enzymology, a thiamine-phosphate diphosphorylase (EC 2.5.1.3) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction 2-methyl-4- ... This enzyme is on the biosynthetic pathway to thiamine. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 2-methyl-4-amino-5- ... Camiener GW, Brown GM (August 1960). "The biosynthesis of thiamine. 2. Fractionation of enzyme system and identification of ...
Thiamine-phosphate kinase
Other names in common use include thiamin-monophosphate kinase, thiamin monophosphatase, and thiamin monophosphokinase. This ... In enzymology, a thiamine-phosphate kinase (EC 2.7.4.16) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP + thiamine ... the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and thiamine phosphate, whereas its two products are ADP and thiamine diphosphate. ... Partial purification and some properties of thiamine monophosphate kinase". Journal of Biochemistry. 72 (5): 1093-100. doi: ...
Thiamine transporter 2
SLC19A3 is a thiamine transporter. ThTr-2 is a ubiquitously expressed transmembrane thiamine transporter that lacks folate ... Liu S, Stromberg A, Tai HH, Moscow JA (2004). "Thiamine transporter gene expression and exogenous thiamine modulate the ... Thiamine transporter 2 (ThTr-2), also known as solute carrier family 19 member 3, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ... Administration of thiamine is ineffective in the treatment of this disorder. Experiments have failed to show that this protein ...
Adenosine thiamine diphosphate
... (AThDP), or thiaminylated adenosine diphosphate (ADP) is a naturally occurring thiamine adenine ... Adenosine thiamine triphosphate Bettendorff L (November 2021). "Update on Thiamine Triphosphorylated Derivatives and ...
Thiamine transporter 1
... , also known as thiamine carrier 1 (TC1) or solute carrier family 19 member 2 (SLC19A2) is a protein that ... SLC19A2 is a thiamine transporter. Mutations in this gene cause thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome (TRMA), which ... The encoded protein is a high-affinity transporter specific to the intake of thiamine. Thiamine transport is not inhibited by ... "SLC19A2 - Thiamine transporter 1". Cardiac Organellar Protein Atlas Knowledgebase (COPaKB). "SLC19A2 - Thiamine transporter 1 ...
Mitochondrial thiamine pyrophosphate carrier
... is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC25A19 gene. Solute carrier family ... 2010). "The biochemical properties of the mitochondrial thiamine pyrophosphate carrier from Drosophila melanogaster". FEBS J. ... 2006). "Knockout of Slc25a19 causes mitochondrial thiamine pyrophosphate depletion, embryonic lethality, CNS malformations, and ... 2013). "Transport of platinum bonded nucleotides into proteoliposomes, mediated by Drosophila melanogaster thiamine ...
Thiamine responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome
... (also known as Rogers Syndrome) is a very rare autosomal recessive genetic ... Treatment consists of high doses of oral thiamine. Treatment can delay the onset of diabetes mellitus, and reverses anemia. If ... "Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome". Genetics Home Reference. US National Library of Medicine. (Articles with ... The condition is treated with high doses of thiamine (vitamin B1). In most cases (80-99%), people with this condition ...
Biotin-thiamine-responsive basal ganglia disease
SLC19A3 is a gene on chromosome 2q36.3 that encodes the protein thiamine transporter 2. Thiamine transporter 2 moves thiamine ( ... biotin or thiamine-responsive type) (THMD2) Thiamine-responsive encephalopathy Thiamine transporter-2 deficiency The onset of ... 607483 - THIAMINE METABOLISM DYSFUNCTION SYNDROME 2 (BIOTIN- OR THIAMINE-RESPONSIVE TYPE); THMD2". omim.org. Retrieved 2022-11- ... Biotin-thiamine-responsive basal ganglia disease (BTBGD) is a rare disease that affects the nervous system, particularly the ...
Allithiamine
... (thiamine allyl disulfide or TAD) is a lipid-soluble form of vitamin B1 which was discovered in garlic (Allium ... They were both investigated for their ability to treat Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome and beriberi better than thiamine. Vitamin ... Rogers EF (April 1962). "Thiamine antagonists". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 98 (2): 412-29. Bibcode:1962NYASA.. ... Thiamine, Allyl compounds, All stub articles, Organic compound stubs). ...
4-Amino-5-hydroxymethyl-2-methylpyrimidine
In higher plants, thiamine biogenesis resembles that of bacteria. In some circumstances, thiamine forms and precursors may be ... Commercially available salts thiamine chloride and thiamine nitrate are produced at scales of thousands of tons annually by ... has led to higher levels of thiamine in foodstuffs, such as rice. Use of thiamine forms and their bio-precursors by various ... Methodologies are being sought for biotechnology-based production of thiamine forms and for increasing thiamine content in food ...
Thiochrome
"Biochemistry of Thiamine and Thiamine Phosphate Compounds". Encyclopedia of Biological Chemistry. pp. 202-209. doi:10.1016/B978 ... Hydrolysis of thiamine can yield a thiol derivative (TSH), which is also susceptible to oxidation to the disulfide (TSST). ... Being highly fluorescent, it is often the derivative that is quantified in the analysis of thiamine. The oxidation can be ... Thiochrome (TChr)is a tricyclic organic compound that arises from the oxidation of the vitamin thiamine. ...
Allicin
These compounds are hydrophobic, easily pass from the intestines to the bloodstream, and are reduced to thiamine by cysteine or ... Bettendorff L (2014). "Chapter 7 - Thiamine". In Zempleni J, Suttie JW, Gregory JF, Stover PJ (eds.). Handbook of vitamins ( ... Allicin became a model for medicinal chemistry efforts to create other thiamine disulfides. The results included sulbutiamine, ... Allicin was discovered as part of efforts to create thiamine derivatives in the 1940s, mainly in Japan. ...
Sulbutiamine
Efforts to develop thiamine derivatives with better bioavailability than thiamine were conducted in the 1950s, mainly in Japan ... Because thiamine deficiency causes problems with memory and other cognitive functions, thiamine and analogs like sulbutiamine ... Sulbutiamine (brand names Arcalion, Enerion) is a synthetic derivative of thiamine (vitamin B1). In France, it is used to treat ... Sulbutiamine was discovered in Japan as part of an effort to develop useful thiamine derivatives. Sulbutiamine is used to treat ...
Hydroxymethylpyrimidine kinase
Lewin LM, Brown GM (1961). "The biosynthesis of thiamine. III. Mechanism of enzymatic formation of the pyrophosphate ester of 2 ... This enzyme is also called hydroxymethylpyrimidine kinase (phosphorylating). This enzyme participates in thiamine metabolism. ...
Phosphomethylpyrimidine kinase
This enzyme participates in thiamine metabolism. As of late 2007, 4 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with ... Lewin LM, Brown GM (1961). "The biosynthesis of thiamine. III. Mechanism of enzymatic formation of the pyrophosphate ester of 2 ...
Nutritional neuroscience
Thiamin deficiency during critical periods of early development can disrupts neurogenesis in animal models. Lack of thiamin ... A 50% reduction of thiamine stores in rats becomes apparent after only 4 days of being put on a thiamine-deficient diet. ... Ingesting a diet rich in thiamine may stave off the adverse effects of deficiency. Foods providing rich sources of thiamine ... Chronic alcoholism can disrupt thiamin absorption and thiamin deficiency contributes to neurodegeneration and memory loss in ...
Chloroquine
... inhibits thiamine uptake. It acts specifically on the transporter SLC19A3. Against rheumatoid arthritis, it ... 2012). "Discovering thiamine transporters as targets of chloroquine using a novel functional genomics strategy". PLOS Genetics ...
Heterocyclic amine
An example of a molecule that contains pyrimidine is thiamine, which is also known as vitamin B1. Thiamine deficiency produces ...
Deaths Associated with Thiamine-Deficient
Total Parenteral Nutrition
Thiamine requirement in the adult human as measured by urinary excretion of thiamine metabolites. J Nutr 1965;85:297-304. 9. ... Unlike the fat-soluble vitamins, the body stores of thiamine are minimal; the duration of availability of thiamine reserves is ... to0.2 mg thiamine daily, urinary excretion of thiamine stopped within 18 days (8). The case studies reported here suggest that ... with lactic acidosis secondary to iatrogenic thiamine deficiency (1,2). In other reports of thiamine deficiency attributed to ...
ciprofloxacin otic and thiamine pyrophosphate oral Drug Interactions - RxList
Learn about drug interactions between ciprofloxacin otic and thiamine pyrophosphate oral and use the RxList drug interaction ... ciprofloxacin otic and thiamine pyrophosphate oral. ciprofloxacin otic will decrease the level or effect of thiamine ... ciprofloxacin otic and thiamine pyrophosphate oral. ciprofloxacin otic will decrease the level or effect of thiamine ... Drug interactions with ciprofloxacin otic and thiamine pyrophosphate oral. home drug interactions checker , ciprofloxacin otic ...
Thiamine HCl
Hydrocortisone-Ascorbic Acid-Thiamine Use Associated with Lower Mortality in Pediatric Septic Shock
Thiamine Prices - U.S. & International | PharmacyChecker.com
Free coupons for thiamine. Discounts up to 80% off the retail price. ... Compare Thiamine 100 mg prices from verified online pharmacies or local U.S. pharmacies. ... Thiamine Prices Compare thiamine prices available at Canadian and international online pharmacies with local U.S. pharmacy ... Compare thiamine prices available at Canadian and international online pharmacies with local U.S. pharmacy coupon prices. The ...
Thiamine (Vitamin B1) : MedlinePlus Drug Information
Thiamine (Vitamin B1) : learn about side effects, dosage, special precautions, and more on MedlinePlus ... Thiamine (vitamin B1) is used as a dietary supplement when the amount of thiamine in the diet is not enough. People most at ... Before taking thiamine,. *tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to thiamine, any other medications, or any of the ... confusion caused by a lack of thiamine in the diet). Thiamine is in a class of medications called vitamins. It is needed by the ...
Thiamin Pyrophosphokinase | Harvard Catalyst Profiles | Harvard Catalyst
An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of thiamine pyrophosphate from ATP and thiamine. EC 2.7.6.2. ... "Thiamin Pyrophosphokinase" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical ... This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Thiamin Pyrophosphokinase" by people in Harvard Catalyst ... Below are the most recent publications written about "Thiamin Pyrophosphokinase" by people in Profiles. ...
VITAMINS: Vitamin B-1 (Thiamin)
Thiamine, Vitamin B2, Riboflavin, Vitamin B6, Pyridoxine, Vitamin B12, Cyanocobalamin, vitamin b complex, Vitamin C. ... Recommended dietary allowance for Thiamin. See Recommended dietary allowances for vitamins.. Food sources of Thiamin. Thiamin ... Toxicity of Thiamin. * Oral thiamin: no toxicity.. * Intravenous thiamin: only a few reports of toxic reactions, resulting ... Vitamin B-1 (Thiamin). Functions of Thiamin. * Plays a key role in the bodys metabolic cycle for generating energy. ...
Willner Chemists | Life Extension Benfotiamine With Thiamine 100 mg
vitamin B1 (thiamine) dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and more
... thiamine), frequency-based adverse effects, comprehensive interactions, contraindications, pregnancy & lactation schedules, and ... encoded search term (thiamine (vitamin B1)) and thiamine (vitamin B1) What to Read Next on Medscape ... Acute thiamine deficiency reported with dextrose administration; use caution when thiamine status uncertain ... thiamine will decrease the level or effect of omadacycline by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both ...
Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) for the treatment of Loss of Appetite | What Helps?
Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) for the Treatment of Loss of Appetite. Vitamin B1 or Thiamine is an essential nutrient required for ... What Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) May Help. Our user data reports Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) used in conjunction with the following ... You may want to focus on treating a specific side effect of Vitamin B1 (Thiamine). Select one to see what may help. ... There are possible interactions between Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) and other supplements and drugs. It is extremely important that ...
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli infection inhibits colonic thiamin pyrophosphate uptake via transcriptional mechanism.
Thiamine Hydrochloride Market - Sample Enquiry Form
Thiamine | ncapsulate®
thiamine - Natural Wellness Academy
Can thiamine treatment reduce potato virus Y on potatoes? | College of Agricultural Sciences
Neuralin Relief - Drugs.com
thiamin - TranscendingSquare
Thiamin (also called Thiamine or vitamin B1):. Food Sources of Thiamin (vitamin B1) include:. *fortified flour or rice, whole ... Thiamin or vitamin B1 may have been the first vitamin to be discovered.. Thiamin is also known as vitamin B1. Historically it ... Around 2600 BC the symptoms of thiamin deficiency were described in Chinese literature. Thiamin deficiency, or beriberi as it ... Tag: thiamin. Posted on September 24, 2015. January 5, 2021. Elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) and 1-25-D, calcium deficiency ...
thiamin hydrochloride Archives - naturalie
Nutritional yeast is a deactivated yeast, that is an essential part of any plant-based eaters pantry. It comes as yellow flakes or powder usually in a tub the same size as a typical can of parmesean cheese. But some grocery stores, such as Wegmans, have nutritional yeast in bulk aisles in those big […]. Continue reading... ...
Acute Lactic Acidosis: Overview, Treatment Overview, Prehospital Care
Thiamine (Vitamin B1) - UNILINE GROUP FOR VETERINARY EQUIPMENT
Acute Lactic Acidosis: Overview, Treatment Overview, Prehospital Care
You searched for thiamine - Page 2 of 25 - Hormones Matter
thiamine deficiency. This same study also found reduced serum levels of the active form of thiamine - thiamine pyrophosphate ( ... showed an increase in intestinal contractions for all forms of thiamine including thiamine hydrochloride (thiamine HCL), S- ... began to suspect thiamine was the problem because I had run out of my normal thiamine pyrophosphate sublingual and switched to ... thiamine excretion. In some people, diabetic and non-diabetic alike, thiamine deficiency can be exacerbated even further by a ...
Top Fruits High in Thiamin (Vit B1)
We found the fruits highest in thiamin (Vit B1) by calories and their common measurement. Included are raisins, jackfruit, ... About Fruits and Thiamin (Vit B1). There are quite a number of fruits rich in thiamin, and most of this list will provide a ... We calculated the top fruits for thiamin by both their common measurement as well as in 200 calories, including by gender daily ... Other thiamin rich fruits are honeydew, blueberry, nectarine, watermelon, raspberries, apricot, mango, plums, kiwi and cherries ...
Vitamin B1 (Thiamin) - Meldonium in modern sport
Thiamine status and risk of early renal function decline in type 1 diabetic patients - WRAP: Warwick Research Archive Portal
Planteome: Term Details for 'thiamine-containing compound biosynthetic process' (GO:0042724)
thiamin and derivative biosynthesis, thiamin and derivative biosynthetic process, thiamin-containing compound biosynthetic ... thiamine and derivative biosynthetic process, thiamine-containing compound anabolism, thiamine-containing compound biosynthesis ... thiamine-containing compound biosynthetic process is_a thiamine-containing compound metabolic process (GO:0042723) ... thiamine biosynthetic process (GO:0009228) is_a thiamine-containing compound biosynthetic process ...
Search
Can thiamine substitution restore cognitive function in alcohol use disorder? | Read by QxMD
This study aimed to compare the effect of two best practice TS regimens on thiamine blood levels (i.e. thiamine pyrophosphate, ... Can thiamine substitution restore cognitive function in alcohol use disorder?. Stephan Listabarth, Benjamin Vyssoki, Rodrig ... AIMS: While clinical consequences of thiamine deficiency in alcohol use disorder (AUD) are severe, evidence-based ... recommendations on dosage, type of administration and duration of thiamine substitution (TS), and its target levels remain ...
Deficiency14
- For the two patients on whom autopsies were performed, examination of the brain showed lesions diagnostic of acute thiamine deficiency: necrosis and petechial hemorrhages in each mammillary body, hypothalamic neovascularization, and petechial hemorrhage with gliosis and engorgement of parenchymal periaqueductal blood vessels near the third and fourth ventricles. (cdc.gov)
- Editorial Note: Each of these three patients developed lactic acidosis within 5 weeks of initiation of treatment with thiamine-deficient TPN, as did four patients reported previously with lactic acidosis secondary to iatrogenic thiamine deficiency (1,2). (cdc.gov)
- In other reports of thiamine deficiency attributed to IV therapy containing insufficient or no thiamine supplementation, the deficiency was manifested by Wernicke's encephalopathy without lactic acidosis. (cdc.gov)
- In one study, deficiency was detected after approximately 6 weeks without thiamine (7). (cdc.gov)
- The case studies reported here suggest that fatal deficiency can develop in as few as 3 weeks without thiamine intake. (cdc.gov)
- Measuring whole blood or erythrocyte transketolase activity, with and without addition of thiamine diphosphate, is the most reliable method of detecting thiamine deficiency (9). (cdc.gov)
- People most at risk for thiamine deficiency are older adults, those who are dependent on alcohol, or who have HIV/AIDS, diabetes, malabsorption syndrome (problems absorbing food), or have had bariatric surgery (an operation that helps you lose weight by making changes to your digestive system). (medlineplus.gov)
- Therapeutic in case of thiamin deficiency: therapy is urgent, should bypass the intestinal tract, and consists of parenteral administration of thiamin (intramuscular or intravenous) as 50-100 mg/day for 7-14 days, followed by oral thiamin therapy. (allnutritionals.com)
- In clinical disorders related to thiamin deficiency. (allnutritionals.com)
- Prophylactic in persons susceptible to thiamin deficiency: More moderate doses may be prudent for cancer patients in need of nourishment. (allnutritionals.com)
- thiamine deficiency. (hormonesmatter.com)
- cellular energy, producing biochemical changes which are similar to clinical thiamine deficiency. (hormonesmatter.com)
- This could basically be referred to as "functional" thiamine deficiency. (hormonesmatter.com)
- SIBO, IBS, and Constipation: Unrecognized Thiamine Deficiency? (hormonesmatter.com)
Vitamin B15
- Vitamin B1 or Thiamine is an essential nutrient required for energy metabolism. (whathelps.com)
- There are possible interactions between Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) and other supplements and drugs. (whathelps.com)
- You may want to focus on treating a specific side effect of Vitamin B1 (Thiamine). (whathelps.com)
- Our user data reports Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) used in conjunction with the following conditions. (whathelps.com)
- The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of thiamine (vitamin B1), and related compounds. (planteome.org)
Pyrophosphate5
- ciprofloxacin otic will decrease the level or effect of thiamine pyrophosphate oral by suppressing bacteria in the stomach that may assist with drug absorption. (rxlist.com)
- ciprofloxacin otic will decrease the level or effect of thiamine pyrophosphate oral by altering intestinal flora. (rxlist.com)
- An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of thiamine pyrophosphate from ATP and thiamine. (harvard.edu)
- Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli infection inhibits colonic thiamin pyrophosphate uptake via transcriptional mechanism. (escholarship.org)
- This same study also found reduced serum levels of the active form of thiamine - thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP). (hormonesmatter.com)
Anti-thiamine factors2
- Coffee, tea are high in anti-thiamine factors. (medscape.com)
- but some have anti-thiamine factors and are high in what are called oxalates. (hormonesmatter.com)
Excretion2
- In a study of healthy young men ingesting less than or equal to0.2 mg thiamine daily, urinary excretion of thiamine stopped within 18 days (8). (cdc.gov)
- thiamine excretion. (hormonesmatter.com)
Supplementation1
- read about thiamine and dysautonomia before starting, and learn how thiamine supplementation in a person long deficient can cause refeeding syndrome. (hormonesmatter.com)
Vitamins2
- Thiamine is in a class of medications called vitamins. (medlineplus.gov)
- Thiamine supplements are available alone and in combination with other vitamins. (medlineplus.gov)
Renal1
- bumetanide decreases levels of thiamine by increasing renal clearance. (medscape.com)
Clinical2
- Each died within 5 weeks of receiving TPN without thiamine and had had a clinical course strongly suggestive of acute beriberi. (cdc.gov)
- thiamine testing), clinical response to thiamine treatment has been confirmatory. (hormonesmatter.com)
Carbohydrate1
- and a chronically malnourished 22-year-old man with ulcerative colitis who developed Wernicke's encephalopathy 5 days after colectomy and 17 days after beginning a TPN regimen providing 300 g of carbohydrate (50 g on the last 3 days) and 3.2 mg of thiamine daily (6). (cdc.gov)
MeSH1
- Thiamin Pyrophosphokinase" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (harvard.edu)
Toxicity1
- Oral thiamin: no toxicity. (allnutritionals.com)
Enzyme1
- Butterworth, R. F., Kril, J. J. & Harper, C. G. (1993) Thiamine-dependent enzyme changes in the brains of alcoholics: relationship to the Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. (allnutritionals.com)
Search1
- Results of search for 'su:{Thiamine. (who.int)
Capsule1
- Thiamine comes as a tablet, capsule, and solution (liquid drops) to take by mouth. (medlineplus.gov)
Fruits2
- There are quite a number of fruits rich in thiamin, and most of this list will provide a significant portion of your recommended daily values. (soupersage.com)
- We calculated the top fruits for thiamin by both their common measurement as well as in 200 calories, including by gender daily requirements. (soupersage.com)
Intestinal6
- azithromycin will decrease the level or effect of thiamine by altering intestinal flora. (medscape.com)
- clarithromycin will decrease the level or effect of thiamine by altering intestinal flora. (medscape.com)
- erythromycin base will decrease the level or effect of thiamine by altering intestinal flora. (medscape.com)
- amikacin will decrease the level or effect of thiamine by altering intestinal flora. (medscape.com)
- cefadroxil will decrease the level or effect of thiamine by altering intestinal flora. (medscape.com)
- cefamandole will decrease the level or effect of thiamine by altering intestinal flora. (medscape.com)
Sulfur1
- Got the name "thiamine" due to the presence of sulfur in its molecule. (meldonium-mildronate.com)
Products2
- Thiamine, one of the components in the multivitamin products, is essential for two enzymes needed for aerobic metabolism: pyruvate dehydrogenase and ga-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase. (cdc.gov)
- tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to thiamine, any other medications, or any of the ingredients in thiamine products. (medlineplus.gov)
Treatment1
- Can thiamine treatment reduce potato virus Y on potatoes? (oregonstate.edu)
Reports1
- Intravenous thiamin: only a few reports of toxic reactions, resulting mainly in an anaphylactic reaction. (allnutritionals.com)
Dietary1
- Thiamine (vitamin B 1 ) is used as a dietary supplement when the amount of thiamine in the diet is not enough. (medlineplus.gov)
Mechanism1
- thiamine increases effects of atracurium by unspecified interaction mechanism. (medscape.com)
People2
- This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Thiamin Pyrophosphokinase" by people in Harvard Catalyst Profiles by year, and whether "Thiamin Pyrophosphokinase" was a major or minor topic of these publication. (harvard.edu)
- Below are the most recent publications written about "Thiamin Pyrophosphokinase" by people in Profiles. (harvard.edu)
Loss1
- Thiamine is used to treat beriberi (tingling and numbness in feet and hands, muscle loss, and poor reflexes caused by a lack of thiamine in the diet) and to treat and prevent Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (tingling and numbness in hands and feet, memory loss, confusion caused by a lack of thiamine in the diet). (medlineplus.gov)
Unknown1
- the duration of availability of thiamine reserves is unknown. (cdc.gov)
Found1
- Thiamin is found in large amounts in lean pork, legumes and yeast. (allnutritionals.com)
Daily6
- In 1 cup, raisin has 0.18mg of thiamin, or about 17% of daily values for women and 15% for men. (soupersage.com)
- 1 cup of jackfruit contains 0.17mg of thiamin, or about 16% of daily values for women and 14% for men. (soupersage.com)
- 1 cup of pineapple contains 0.13mg of thiamin, or about 12% of daily values for women and 11% for men. (soupersage.com)
- 1 cup of grapefruit contains 0.1mg of thiamin, or about 9% of daily values for women and 8% for men. (soupersage.com)
- In 1 melon, cantaloupe has 0.33mg of thiamin, or about 30% of daily values for women and 28% for men. (soupersage.com)
- 1 cup of watermelon contains 0.05mg of thiamin, or about 5% of daily values for women and 4% for men. (soupersage.com)
Enter1
- In the absence of thiamine, pyruvate cannot enter the Krebs cycle, resulting in pyruvate accumulation and conversion to lactate (Figure 1). (cdc.gov)
Similar1
- They contain thiamine, which enhances memory - similar to the herb gingko biloba. (naturalwellnessacademy.org)
Levels1
- caffeine decreases levels of thiamine by inhibition of GI absorption. (medscape.com)
Major1
- Thiamine was absent from the TPN fluids given these patients during a nationwide shortage of intravenous (IV) multivitamins resulting from substantially reduced production by one of the two major domestic manufacturers of multivitamins in June 1988. (cdc.gov)
Process2
- Link to all annotated objects annotated to thiamine-containing compound biosynthetic process. (planteome.org)
- Link to all direct and indirect annotations to thiamine-containing compound biosynthetic process. (planteome.org)
Large1
- 1 large fig has 0.04mg of thiamin, or about 3% for adults. (soupersage.com)
