AnatomyDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesNamed GroupsHealth CareGeographicals
Tetralogy of FallotPulmonary Valve InsufficiencyPulmonary ValvePulmonary Valve StenosisPulmonary AtresiaHeart Defects, CongenitalVentricular Function, RightHeart Septal Defects, VentricularCyanosisCardiac Surgical ProceduresTrilogy of FallotVentricular Dysfunction, RightVentricular Outflow ObstructionPulmonary ArteryAngiocardiographyPostoperative ComplicationsPulmonary Subvalvular StenosisCineangiographyAbnormalities, MultipleEchocardiographyHeart VentriclesTricuspid ValveHeart Septal DefectsHypertrophy, Right VentricularElectrocardiographyTachycardia, Ectopic JunctionalInfant, NewbornChromosomes, Human, Pair 22Dilatation, PathologicTruncus Arteriosus, PersistentCardiovascular Surgical ProceduresTachycardia, VentricularPostoperative PeriodReoperationHeart Valve Prosthesis ImplantationBethanidineArrhythmias, CardiacCoronary Vessel AnomaliesEchocardiography, DopplerCardiac CatheterizationFollow-Up StudiesTreatment OutcomeMaltaBlalock-Taussig ProcedureMagnetic Resonance Imaging, CineDouble Outlet Right VentricleStroke VolumeCardiopulmonary BypassTransposition of Great VesselsHeart Septal Defects, AtrialPalliative CareBalloon ValvuloplastyRetrospective Studies
Tetralogy of Fallot
A combination of congenital heart defects consisting of four key features including VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECTS; PULMONARY STENOSIS; RIGHT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY; and a dextro-positioned AORTA. In this condition, blood from both ventricles (oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor) is pumped into the body often causing CYANOSIS.
Pulmonary Valve Insufficiency
Backflow of blood from the PULMONARY ARTERY into the RIGHT VENTRICLE due to imperfect closure of the PULMONARY VALVE.
Pulmonary Valve
A valve situated at the entrance to the pulmonary trunk from the right ventricle.
Pulmonary Valve Stenosis
The pathologic narrowing of the orifice of the PULMONARY VALVE. This lesion restricts blood outflow from the RIGHT VENTRICLE to the PULMONARY ARTERY. When the trileaflet valve is fused into an imperforate membrane, the blockage is complete.
Pulmonary Atresia
A congenital heart defect characterized by the narrowing or complete absence of the opening between the RIGHT VENTRICLE and the PULMONARY ARTERY. Lacking a normal PULMONARY VALVE, unoxygenated blood in the right ventricle can not be effectively pumped into the lung for oxygenation. Clinical features include rapid breathing, CYANOSIS, right ventricle atrophy, and abnormal heart sounds (HEART MURMURS).
Heart Defects, Congenital
Developmental abnormalities involving structures of the heart. These defects are present at birth but may be discovered later in life.
Ventricular Function, Right
The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the right HEART VENTRICLE.
Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular
Developmental abnormalities in any portion of the VENTRICULAR SEPTUM resulting in abnormal communications between the two lower chambers of the heart. Classification of ventricular septal defects is based on location of the communication, such as perimembranous, inlet, outlet (infundibular), central muscular, marginal muscular, or apical muscular defect.
Cyanosis
A bluish or purplish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes due to an increase in the amount of deoxygenated hemoglobin in the blood or a structural defect in the hemoglobin molecule.
Cardiac Surgical Procedures
Surgery performed on the heart.
Trilogy of Fallot
A combination of congenital heart defects consisting of three key features including ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECTS; PULMONARY STENOSIS; and RIGHT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY.
Ventricular Dysfunction, Right
A condition in which the RIGHT VENTRICLE of the heart was functionally impaired. This condition usually leads to HEART FAILURE or MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, and other cardiovascular complications. Diagnosis is made by measuring the diminished ejection fraction and a depressed level of motility of the right ventricular wall.
Ventricular Outflow Obstruction
Occlusion of the outflow tract in either the LEFT VENTRICLE or the RIGHT VENTRICLE of the heart. This may result from CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS, predisposing heart diseases, complications of surgery, or HEART NEOPLASMS.
Pulmonary Artery
The short wide vessel arising from the conus arteriosus of the right ventricle and conveying unaerated blood to the lungs.
Angiocardiography
Radiography of the heart and great vessels after injection of a contrast medium.
Postoperative Complications
Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.
Pulmonary Subvalvular Stenosis
Narrowing below the PULMONARY VALVE or well below it in the infundibuluar chamber where the pulmonary artery originates, usually caused by a defective VENTRICULAR SEPTUM or presence of fibrous tissues. It is characterized by restricted blood outflow from the RIGHT VENTRICLE into the PULMONARY ARTERY, exertional fatigue, DYSPNEA, and chest discomfort.
Cineangiography
Motion pictures of the passage of contrast medium through blood vessels.
Abnormalities, Multiple
Echocardiography
Ultrasonic recording of the size, motion, and composition of the heart and surrounding tissues. The standard approach is transthoracic.
Heart Ventricles
The lower right and left chambers of the heart. The right ventricle pumps venous BLOOD into the LUNGS and the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the systemic arterial circulation.
Tricuspid Valve
The valve consisting of three cusps situated between the right atrium and right ventricle of the heart.
Heart Septal Defects
Abnormalities in any part of the HEART SEPTUM resulting in abnormal communication between the left and the right chambers of the heart. The abnormal blood flow inside the heart may be caused by defects in the ATRIAL SEPTUM, the VENTRICULAR SEPTUM, or both.
Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular
Enlargement of the RIGHT VENTRICLE of the heart. This increase in ventricular mass is often attributed to PULMONARY HYPERTENSION and is a contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
Electrocardiography
Recording of the moment-to-moment electromotive forces of the HEART as projected onto various sites on the body's surface, delineated as a scalar function of time. The recording is monitored by a tracing on slow moving chart paper or by observing it on a cardioscope, which is a CATHODE RAY TUBE DISPLAY.
Tachycardia, Ectopic Junctional
A rare form of supraventricular tachycardia caused by automatic, not reentrant, conduction initiated from sites at the atrioventricular junction, but not the ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE. It usually occurs during myocardial infarction, after heart surgery, or in digitalis intoxication with a HEART RATE ranging from 140 to 250 beats per minute.
Infant, Newborn
An infant during the first month after birth.
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22
A specific pair of GROUP G CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.
Dilatation, Pathologic
The condition of an anatomical structure's being dilated beyond normal dimensions.
Truncus Arteriosus, Persistent
A congenital anomaly caused by the failed development of TRUNCUS ARTERIOSUS into separate AORTA and PULMONARY ARTERY. It is characterized by a single arterial trunk that forms the outlet for both HEART VENTRICLES and gives rise to the systemic, pulmonary, and coronary arteries. It is always accompanied by a ventricular septal defect.
Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures
Surgery performed on the heart or blood vessels.
Tachycardia, Ventricular
An abnormally rapid ventricular rhythm usually in excess of 150 beats per minute. It is generated within the ventricle below the BUNDLE OF HIS, either as autonomic impulse formation or reentrant impulse conduction. Depending on the etiology, onset of ventricular tachycardia can be paroxysmal (sudden) or nonparoxysmal, its wide QRS complexes can be uniform or polymorphic, and the ventricular beating may be independent of the atrial beating (AV dissociation).
Postoperative Period
The period following a surgical operation.
Reoperation
A repeat operation for the same condition in the same patient due to disease progression or recurrence, or as followup to failed previous surgery.
Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation
Surgical insertion of synthetic material to repair injured or diseased heart valves.
Bethanidine
A guanidinium antihypertensive agent that acts by blocking adrenergic transmission. The precise mode of action is not clear.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac
Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction.
Coronary Vessel Anomalies
Malformations of CORONARY VESSELS, either arteries or veins. Included are anomalous origins of coronary arteries; ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULA; CORONARY ANEURYSM; MYOCARDIAL BRIDGING; and others.
Echocardiography, Doppler
Measurement of intracardiac blood flow using an M-mode and/or two-dimensional (2-D) echocardiogram while simultaneously recording the spectrum of the audible Doppler signal (e.g., velocity, direction, amplitude, intensity, timing) reflected from the moving column of red blood cells.
Cardiac Catheterization
Procedures in which placement of CARDIAC CATHETERS is performed for therapeutic or diagnostic procedures.
Follow-Up Studies
Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.
Treatment Outcome
Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.
Malta
An independent state consisting of three islands in the Mediterranean Sea, south of Sicily. Its capital is Valetta. The major island is Malta, the two smaller islands are Comino and Gozo. It was a Phoenician and Carthaginian colony, captured by the Romans in 218 B.C. It was overrun by Saracens in 870, taken by the Normans in 1090, and subsequently held by the French and later the British who allotted them a dominion government in 1921. It became a crown colony in 1933, achieving independence in 1964. The name possibly comes from a pre-Indoeuropean root mel, high, referring to its rocks, but a more picturesque origin derives the name from the Greek melitta or melissa, honey, with reference to its early fame for its honey production. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p719 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p330)
Blalock-Taussig Procedure
A cardiovascular procedure performed to create a blood supply to the PULMONARY CIRCULATION. It involves making a connection between the subclavian, or carotid branch of the AORTA, or the AORTIC ARCH to the PULMONARY ARTERY.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine
A type of imaging technique used primarily in the field of cardiology. By coordinating the fast gradient-echo MRI sequence with retrospective ECG-gating, numerous short time frames evenly spaced in the cardiac cycle are produced. These images are laced together in a cinematic display so that wall motion of the ventricles, valve motion, and blood flow patterns in the heart and great vessels can be visualized.
Double Outlet Right Ventricle
Incomplete transposition of the great vessels in which both the AORTA and the PULMONARY ARTERY arise from the RIGHT VENTRICLE. The only outlet of the LEFT VENTRICLE is a large ventricular septal defect (VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECTS or VSD). The various subtypes are classified by the location of the septal defect, such as subaortic, subpulmonary, or noncommitted.
Stroke Volume
The amount of BLOOD pumped out of the HEART per beat, not to be confused with cardiac output (volume/time). It is calculated as the difference between the end-diastolic volume and the end-systolic volume.
Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Diversion of the flow of blood from the entrance of the right atrium directly to the aorta (or femoral artery) via an oxygenator thus bypassing both the heart and lungs.
Transposition of Great Vessels
A congenital cardiovascular malformation in which the AORTA arises entirely from the RIGHT VENTRICLE, and the PULMONARY ARTERY arises from the LEFT VENTRICLE. Consequently, the pulmonary and the systemic circulations are parallel and not sequential, so that the venous return from the peripheral circulation is re-circulated by the right ventricle via aorta to the systemic circulation without being oxygenated in the lungs. This is a potentially lethal form of heart disease in newborns and infants.
Heart Septal Defects, Atrial
Developmental abnormalities in any portion of the ATRIAL SEPTUM resulting in abnormal communications between the two upper chambers of the heart. Classification of atrial septal defects is based on location of the communication and types of incomplete fusion of atrial septa with the ENDOCARDIAL CUSHIONS in the fetal heart. They include ostium primum, ostium secundum, sinus venosus, and coronary sinus defects.
Palliative Care
Care alleviating symptoms without curing the underlying disease. (Stedman, 25th ed)
Balloon Valvuloplasty
Widening of a stenosed HEART VALVE by the insertion of a balloon CATHETER into the valve and inflation of the balloon.
Retrospective Studies
Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

Outcome of pregnancy in women with congenital shunt lesions. (1/500)

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcome of pregnancy in women with congenital shunt lesions. SETTING: Retrospective study in a tertiary care centre. METHODS: Pregnancy history was obtained by a standardised questionnaire and medical records were reviewed. PATIENTS: 175 women were identified, at a mean (SD) age of 42 (14) years. Pregnancies occurred in 126 women: 50 with an atrial septal defect, 22 with a ventricular septal defect, 22 with an atrioventricular septal defect, 19 with tetralogy of Fallot, and 13 with other complex shunt lesions. RESULTS: 309 pregnancies were reported by 126 woman (2.5 (1.6) pregnancies per woman). The shortening fraction of the systemic ventricle was 40 (8)%, and 98% were in New York Heart Association class I-II at last follow up. Spontaneous abortions occurred in 17% of pregnancies (abortion rate, 0.4 (0.9) per woman). Gestational age of the 241 newborn infants was 8.8 (0.8) months. There were no maternal deaths related to pregnancy. Pre-eclampsia and embolic events were observed in 1.3% and 0.6%, respectively of all pregnancies. Women with complex shunt lesions more often underwent caesarean section (70% v 15-30%, p = 0.005) and gave birth to smaller babies for equivalent gestation (2577 (671) g v 3016 (572) to 3207 (610) g, p < 0.05). The recurrence risk of congenital heart disease was 2.5%. CONCLUSIONS: The outcome of pregnancy is favourable in women with congenital shunt lesions if their functional class and their systolic ventricular function are good. Such patients can be reassured.  (+info)

Echocardiographic and morphological correlations in tetralogy of Fallot. (2/500)

AIMS: Our aim was to clarify the location and structure of the outlet septum relative to the free-standing subpulmonary infundibulum in the setting of tetralogy of Fallot and to examine its relationship to the other components of the subpulmonary outflow tract, determining their potential influence on clinical outcome. METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied prospectively 41 patients with tetralogy of Fallot (mean age 14 +/- 10.9 months) prior to surgical repair, and compared them with 15 patients undergoing closure of a ventricular septal defect associated with malalignment of the outlet septum but no subpulmonary infundibular stenosis (Eisenmenger ventricular septal defect), and 20 healthy controls. We also examined available autopsied hearts from cases with uncorrected tetralogy of Fallot (8) and Eisenmenger ventricular septal defect (13). Data were indexed for body surface area, and diameter of the tricuspid valve, respectively. The overall length of the subpulmonary infundibulum, including the extent of the muscular outlet septum, was significantly greater for patients with tetralogy of Fallot compared to normals (2.34 +/- 0.6 vs 1.46 +/- 0.34 cm/BSA0.5, P<0.001), whereas the difference between those with tetralogy of Fallot and an Eisenmenger ventricular septal defect was confined to the degree of narrowing of the subpulmonary outlet (0.43 +/- 0.22 vs 2.17 +/- 0.64 cm/BSA0.5, P<0.001). Within the tetralogy of Fallot group, there were linear relationships between deviation of the outlet septum (r= -0.61, P<0.005) and the diameter of the pulmonary valvar orifice (r=0.75, P<0.001), suggesting that growth of the pulmonary arteries may be related to this feature. When patients requiring a transannular patch as part of their surgical repair were compared with those not needing this procedure, differences were found in the diameter of the pulmonary valvar orifice and the pulmonary trunk, but not in the dimensions of the outlet septum. CONCLUSION: The position of the outlet septum in relationship to the remainder of the muscular subpulmonary infundibulum represents a hallmark of tetralogy of Fallot, permitting its differentiation from Eisenmenger ventricular septal defects and normal hearts.  (+info)

Decreased left ventricular filling pressure 8 months after corrective surgery in a 55-year-old man with tetralogy of Fallot: adaptation for increased preload. (3/500)

A 55-year-old man with tetralogy of Fallot underwent corrective surgery. Left ventricular filling pressure increased markedly with increased left ventricular volume one month after surgery, then decreased over the next 7 months, presumably due to increased left ventricular compliance.  (+info)

Disopyramide improves hypoxia in patients with tetralogy of Fallot through a negative inotropic action. (4/500)

The hemodynamic and right ventricular volumetric effects of disopyramide were investigated in patients with tetralogy of Fallot (TF). Intracardiac pressure and oxygen saturation were measured, before and after intravenous administration of disopyramide (2 mg/kg) in 7 patients who had not had previous surgery. Right ventricular volume and the diameter of its outflow tract were analyzed in these 7 and in a further 4 patients with a previous shunt. Aortic oxygen saturation increased from 90.4+/-7.5 (mean+/-SD) to 94.1+/-5.5% (p<0.05) with an increase in pulmonary blood flow and pressure. The systolic pressure gradient between the main pulmonary artery and the right ventricle decreased from 59+/-8 to 42+/-9 mmHg (p<0.01). Aortic pressure fell from 77+/-5 to 67+/-4 mmHg (p<0.05). Systemic vascular resistance increased from 15.3+/-2.2 to 19.4+/-3.3 u x m2 (p<0.05). Pulmonary vascular resistance remained unchanged. The diastolic and systolic diameter indices of the right ventricular outflow tract increased from 17.8+/-3.8 to 20.5+/-3.4 and from 6.5+/-3.0 to 10.4+/-2.2 mm/m2, respectively (p<0.01), whereas the right ventricular ejection fraction decreased. Disopyramide improves systemic oxygen saturation in patients with TF through its negative inotropic action on the right ventricle.  (+info)

The myocardial profile of the cytosolic isozymes of creatine kinase is apparently not related to cyanosis in congenital heart disease. (5/500)

BACKGROUND: CKMB, the cardiac-specific heterodimer of cytosolic creatine-kinase (CK), is developmentally and physiologically regulated, tissue hypoxia being a proposed regulator. In patients with cyanotic heart disease the myocardium is perfused with partially saturated blood. We questioned whether the myocardium of cyanotic subjects contains higher proportions of CKMB. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CK activity, the distribution of cytosolic CK isozymes, activity of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), and tissue protein content were determined in obstructive tissues removed at corrective surgery of patients with congenital heart defects. Cyanotic (n = 13) and acyanotic (n = 12) subjects were compared. RESULTS: In cyanotic and acyanotic patients, CK activity was 8.4 +/- 0.6 and 7.6 +/- 0.6 IU/mg protein and the proportion of CKMB was 21 +/- 1.4 and 22 +/- 2. 0% (mean +/- S.E.M), respectively. In the two groups of patients, the activity related to the B subunit corresponded to the steady-state level of the CKBmRNA. The tissue content of protein and the activities of CK and LDH were similar in cyanotic and acyanotic subjects and increased with the age. CONCLUSIONS: The lack of difference in CKMB distribution between the cyanotic and acyanotic patients may either indicate that hypooxygenation is not a regulator of CK isozyme expression, or may be attributed to the already high proportion of this isozyme in hypertrophied, obstructive tissues. Recruitment of additional CKMB, in the cyanotic hearts, may thus not be required.  (+info)

Accuracy of electrocardiographic and echocardiographic indices in predicting life threatening ventricular arrhythmias in patients operated for tetralogy of Fallot. (6/500)

OBJECTIVE: To validate the accuracy of the prognostic significance of non-invasive clinical diagnostic indices as predictors of sustained ventricular tachycardia (sVT) or fibrillation (VF) in patients undergoing repair for tetralogy of Fallot. METHODS: One way analysis of variance and pairwise comparison of the values with the Bonferroni correction, logistic multivariate analysis, and ordinal logistic analysis were used to study quantitative electrocardiographic and echocardiographic variables in 66 patients who had undergone surgery for tetralogy of Fallot by ventriculotomy at a mean (SD) age of 11.8 (9.5) years. The mean (SD) period of follow up was 16.1 (5.7) years after surgery. RESULTS: Four groups of patients were identified by ECG and 24 hour Holter monitoring: 19 (28.7%) without ventricular arrhythmias, 34 (51.5%) with minor ventricular arrhythmias, seven (10.6%) with non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (nsVT), and six (9.0%) with sVT or VF. One way analysis indicated significant differences in QT dispersion (QTd) and end diastolic volume of the right ventricle (EDVRV) among the groups. Univariate logistic analysis showed EDVRV, QTd, and QRS duration to be significantly associated with sVT or VF. Stepwise multivariate analysis and ordinal logistic analysis showed QTd to be preferable to QRS duration as an indicator, because it was unrelated to EDVRV, and was capable of separating different probability curves for nsVT as opposed to sVT or VF. CONCLUSIONS: Stratification of patients undergoing corrective surgery for tetralogy of Fallot and at risk of life threatening arrhythmias is possible by simple and inexpensive means, which provide sensitive and specific indices.  (+info)

Reduced heart rate variability following repair of tetralogy of Fallot. (7/500)

OBJECTIVE: To examine autonomic function as assessed by heart rate variability in patients 10 or more years after repair of tetralogy of Fallot, and to relate this to cardiac structure, function, and electrocardiographic indices. METHODS: Heart rate variability was measured by standard time domain techniques on a 24 hour Holter ECG in 28 patients, aged 12 to 34 years (mean 19.5), who had undergone repair of tetralogy of Fallot at least 10 years previously. Echocardiography was performed to assess left ventricular size and function, right ventricular size and pressure, and any proximal pulmonary arterial stenosis. Right ventricular function was evaluated by radionuclide scan. QRS duration, QT interval, and QT dispersion were measured on a standard 12 lead ECG. Measurements of heart rate variability were compared with values from 28 age matched healthy controls (mean age 19.9 years). Interrelations between variables were assessed using Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise regression analysis. RESULTS: Heart rate variability was reduced, compared with values for age matched normal controls, in 12 of the 28 patients. Reduced heart rate variability was associated with increased age, increased right ventricular size and pressure, and widening of the QRS complex. CONCLUSIONS: Reduced heart rate variability is a feature following repair of tetralogy of Fallot. It is associated with increasing age, impaired right ventricular haemodynamics, and widening of the QRS complex. Under these circumstances, reduced heart rate variability may be a marker for deteriorating right ventricular function. Increased QRS duration has been identified as a risk factor for sudden death following repair of tetralogy of Fallot, and impaired cardiac autonomic control may be one of the mechanisms involved.  (+info)

Tetralogy of Fallot in the fetus: findings at targeted sonography. (8/500)

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the findings of tetralogy of Fallot in various fetal sonographic views. METHODS: We reviewed the fetal sonograms and medical records of 20 fetuses with prenatal diagnosis of tetralogy of Fallot. We analyzed the indications for targeted sonography, the abnormalities seen in various sonographic views, the postnatal echocardiographic and angiographic findings and autopsy findings. RESULTS: The most common indication for targeted sonography was an abnormal (n = 12) or inadequate (n = 3) finding on sonographic screening in which the abnormality was most frequently found on the three-vessel view (n = 9). The key pathological features of tetralogy of Fallot were uniformly demonstrated in the ventricular outflow tract, three-vessel and short-axis views. The ductus arteriosus was small in 70% of cases and not identifiable in the remaining fetuses. In three of six fetuses with no identifiable ductus, the ductus was shown to be absent at autopsy. The direction of ductal flow was variable. CONCLUSION: The key features of tetralogy of Fallot were always demonstrable in the ventricular outflow tract, three-vessel and short-axis views. The most common reason for referral was the abnormal three-vessel view.  (+info)

Treatment of Tetralogy Of Fallot, Tetrology Of Fallot, Tetralogy Of Fallot Definition, Causes, Risk Factors, Symptoms,...
Treatment of Tetralogy of Fallot is an uncommon condition consisting of four defects within the heart structures of infants and young children. Together these defects cause reduced blood flow to the lungs and mixing of blood from both sides of the heart. This results in oxygen-poor blood flowing out of the heart and into the body. Consequently, infants and children with tetralogy of Fallot usually have blue-tinged skin, Tetralogy of Fallot, which is present at birth, is usually diagnosed during infancy. However, it may not be detected until later in life, depending on the severity of the heart defects and symptoms. Tetralogy of Fallot occurs in about five out of every 10,000 babies and affects males and females equally. With early diagnosis followed by corrective surgery and ongoing care, the majority of children with tetralogy of Fallot survive to adulthood, Tetralogy Of Fallot, Tetrology Of Fallot, Tetralogy Of Fallot Definition, Tetralogy Of Fallot Diagnosis, Tetralogy Of Fallot Symptoms, Tetralogy
http://www.knowyourdisease.com/treatment-of-tetralogy-fallot.html
Tetralogy of Fallot synonyms, tetralogy of Fallot antonyms - FreeThesaurus.comTetralogy of Fallot synonyms, tetralogy of Fallot antonyms - FreeThesaurus.com
Synonyms for tetralogy of Fallot in Free Thesaurus. Antonyms for tetralogy of Fallot. 2 synonyms for tetralogy of Fallot: Fallots syndrome, Fallots tetralogy. What are synonyms for tetralogy of Fallot?
http://www.freethesaurus.com/tetralogy+of+Fallot
Relation of right ventricular mechanics to exercise tolerance in children after tetralogy of Fallot repair<...Relation of right ventricular mechanics to exercise tolerance in children after tetralogy of Fallot repair<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Relation of right ventricular mechanics to exercise tolerance in children after tetralogy of Fallot repair. AU - Friedberg, Mark K.. AU - Fernandes, Fernanda P.. AU - Roche, Susan L.. AU - Slorach, Cameron. AU - Grosse-Wortmann, Lars. AU - Manlhiot, Cedric. AU - Fackoury, Cheryl. AU - McCrindle, Brian W.. AU - Mertens, Luc. AU - Kantor, Paul F.. N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Grants Program of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and Sickkids Foundation . The authors are solely responsible for the design and conduct of this study; all study analyses, the drafting and editing of the paper, and its final contents. PY - 2013/4. Y1 - 2013/4. N2 - Background Progressive right ventricular (RV) dysfunction and exercise intolerance are common problems after tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) repair. We investigated RV myocardial deformation and dyssynchrony in children after TOF repair and their association with exercise capacity. Methods Asymptomatic ...
https://ohsu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/relation-of-right-ventricular-mechanics-to-exercise-tolerance-in-
General Anatomy/Tetralogy of Fallot - Wikibooks, open books for an open worldGeneral Anatomy/Tetralogy of Fallot - Wikibooks, open books for an open world
Tetralogy of Fallot includes a Large Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD), the aorta overrides left and right ventricles, right ventricular outflow tract is obstructed, and the wall of the right ventricle thickens. More blood shunts through the VSD to the left side as the obstruction impedes the RV outflow, resulting in Cyanosis;[1] Tetralogy of Fallot has four key features. A Ventricular Septal Defect (a hole between the ventricles) and many levels of obstruction from the right ventricle to the lungs (Pulmonary Stenosis) are the most important. Also, the Aorta (major artery from the heart to the body) lies directly over the Ventricular Septal Defect, and the right ventricle develops thickened muscle.[2]. Adults with Tetralogy of Fallot suffer shortness of breath and cant tolerate exercise. Brain abscesses, strokes and heart infections can arise as complications. Tetralogy of Fallot patients fingers may have clubbing which is enlargements at the distal ends. If Tetralogy of Fallot remains ...
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/General_Anatomy/Tetralogy_of_Fallot
Anchor balloon, buddy wire, and wire and sheath techniques to deploy percutaneous pulmonary valves in tetralogy of fallot...Anchor balloon, buddy wire, and wire and sheath techniques to deploy percutaneous pulmonary valves in tetralogy of fallot...
2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Advances in surgical techniques in tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) patients have improved survival of these patients into adulthood. The procedure requires right ventricular outflow tract or trans-annular patch with resultant pulmonary stenosis and/or regurgitation. As such, adult patients seen with this condition may have increasing right ventricular hypertrophy and/or right ventricular dilation. Recently, the Sapien XT valve (Edwards Lifesciences, CA) was approved by the FDA for pulmonary implantation. In some cases, advancing the valve in right ventricular outflow tract is difficult. This is a case series of delivering Sapien XT valves in TOF patients with severe pulmonary regurgitation and/or stenosis, using the anchor balloon, buddy wire, and the novel, wire and sheath techniques. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc ...
http://scholars.uab.edu/display/pub1346258
DNA methylation status of NKX2-5, GATA4 and HAND1 in patients with tetralogy of fallot | BMC Medical Genomics | Full TextDNA methylation status of NKX2-5, GATA4 and HAND1 in patients with tetralogy of fallot | BMC Medical Genomics | Full Text
NKX2-5, GATA4 and HAND1 are essential for heart development, however, little is known regarding their epigenetic regulation in the pathogenesis of tetralogy of fallot (TOF). Methylation levels were measured in three regions of NKX2-5 (M1: -1596 bp ~ -1374 bp, M2: -159 bp ~ 217 bp and M3: 1058 bp ~ 1524 bp), one region of GATA4 (M: -392 bp ~ 107 bp) and three regions of HAND1 (M1: -887 bp ~ -414 bp, M2: -436 bp ~ 2 bp and M3: 37 bp ~ 398 bp) using the Sequenom MassARRAY platform. QRT-PCR was used to analyze NKX2-5 and HAND1 mRNA levels in the right ventricular myocardium of TOF patients. TOF patients had a significantly higher NKX2-5_M3 median methylation level than controls (41.65% vs. 22.18%; p = 0.0074; interquartile range [IQR]: 30.46%-53.35%, N = 30 and 20.07%-24.31%, N = 5; respectively). The HAND1_M1 median methylation level was also significantly higher in TOF patients than controls (30.05% vs. 17.54%; p = 0.0054; IQR: 20.77%-40.89%, N = 30 and IQR: 14.69%-20.64%; N = 6; respectively). The
https://bmcmedgenomics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1755-8794-6-46/figures/1
Long-Term Evaluation of Tetralogy Patients with Pulmonary Valvular Insufficiency Resulting from Outflow-Patch Correction Across...Long-Term Evaluation of Tetralogy Patients with Pulmonary Valvular Insufficiency Resulting from Outflow-Patch Correction Across...
In the operative correction of tetralogy of Fallot with a severely narrowed right ventricular outflow tract, widening of the pulmonic annulus is frequently necessary to prevent a high residual pressure gradient and to reduce right ventricular pressure overload. This can be accomplished by incising the pulmonic annulus and inserting a patch graft across the valve, but this usually results in pulmonary valvular insufficiency.. Of 426 patients who underwent total correction of Fallots tetralogy between 1959 and 1970, 63 required a patch across the pulmonic annulus. The mortality rate for this group was 30.1%, compared with a total mortality among the 426 patients of 18%. The high mortality rate is influenced by the fact that the majority were corrected in the early years of the series.. Fifteen patients were restudied by cardiac catheterization and cineangiography an average of 9.1 years after total correction. Twelve patients were asymptomatic and three patients had only mild symptoms on exertion ...
http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/48/1S3/III-11
Does Pharmacological Therapy Still Play a Role in Preventing Sudden Death in Surgically Treated Tetralogy of Fallot? | Bentham...Does Pharmacological Therapy Still Play a Role in Preventing Sudden Death in Surgically Treated Tetralogy of Fallot? | Bentham...
Title:Does Pharmacological Therapy Still Play a Role in Preventing Sudden Death in Surgically Treated Tetralogy of Fallot?. VOLUME: 18 ISSUE: 6. Author(s):Bronzetti Gabriele*, Brighenti Maurizio and Bonvicini Marco. Affiliation:Pediatric Cardiology and Adult Congenital Unit, University of Bologna, Bologna, Pediatric Cardiology and Adult Congenital Unit, University of Bologna, Bologna, Pediatric Cardiology and Adult Congenital Unit, University of Bologna, Bologna. Keywords:Tetralogy of Fallot, congenital heart disease, sudden death, follow up, ventricular arrhythmias, antiarrhythmic drugs.. Abstract:Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease, with a familial recurrence risk of 3%. Despite performing an optimal surgical repair, TOF patients may feature a poor medium and long-term survival rate: atrial re-entrant tachycardia will develop in more than 30% of patients and high-grade ventricular arrhythmias will be seen in about 10% of patients. These ...
http://www.eurekaselect.com/153911/article
NOREPINEPHRINE AND CYANOTIC ATTACKS IN FALLOTS TETRALOGY | HeartNOREPINEPHRINE AND CYANOTIC ATTACKS IN FALLOTS TETRALOGY | Heart
If you wish to reuse any or all of this article please use the link below which will take you to the Copyright Clearance Centers RightsLink service. You will be able to get a quick price and instant permission to reuse the content in many different ways.. ...
http://heart.bmj.com/content/23/2/197
PRIME PubMed | Right ventricular diastolic function 15 to 35 years after repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Restrictive physiology...PRIME PubMed | Right ventricular diastolic function 15 to 35 years after repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Restrictive physiology...
PubMed journal article: Right ventricular diastolic function 15 to 35 years after repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Restrictive physiology predicts superior exercise performance. Download Prime PubMed App to iPhone, iPad, or Android
https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/7882487/Right_ventricular_diastolic_function_15_to_35_years_after_repair_of_tetralogy_of_Fallot__Restrictive_physiology_predicts_superior_exercise_performance_
Fallots tetralogy رباعي فالوت - العيادة السورية - دليل المعلومات الطبيFallots tetralogy رباعي فالوت - العيادة السورية - دليل المعلومات الطبي
دليل المعلومات الطبي يحتوي على مكتبة طبية, موسوعات, منتديات, والمزيد من المعلومات الطبية المفيدة لكل الطلاب والدارسين في المجال الطبي.
https://syrianclinic.com/medical-encyclopedia/medicine-encyclopedias/clinical-cases/47-clinical-cases/cardiology/283-fallots-tetralogy.html
Right Ventricular Diastolic Function in Children With Pulmonary Regurgitation After Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot: Volumetric...Right Ventricular Diastolic Function in Children With Pulmonary Regurgitation After Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot: Volumetric...
Right ventricular diastolic function in patients with repair of tetralogy of Fallot. In the present study, we demonstrated abnormalities in right ventricular diastolic function in young patients with residual pulmonary regurgitation after surgical correction of tetralogy of Fallot. The filling pattern in group I, characterized by prolonged early filling, as indicated by longer deceleration times, and low early filling rates, is consistent with impaired relaxation (14,17-19). When restriction to filling occurs, early filling rates increase and deceleration time decreases, as was observed in group II (17,19). Differences in diastolic function between the patient groups were limited and most likely reflect a continuum of changes, with signs of impaired relaxation and restriction to filling present in both groups (14,17). In patients with predominantly restrictive right ventricular physiology, exercise performance was clearly diminished. This result could only be explained by differences in ...
http://www.onlinejacc.org/content/28/7/1827
Mechanism and Risk Factors for Death in Adults With Tetralogy of Fallot<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Mechanism and Risk Factors for Death in Adults With Tetralogy of Fallot. AU - Egbe, Alexander. AU - Kothapalli, Srikanth. AU - Borlaug, Barry A. AU - Ammash, Naser M.. AU - Najam, Maria. AU - Bajwa, Numra. AU - Tarek, Karim. AU - Matthew, Jessey. AU - Connolly, Heidi M.. PY - 2019/1/1. Y1 - 2019/1/1. N2 - One of the goals of lifelong care in adults with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is early identification and treatment of patients at high risk for adverse events. Clinical risk stratification tools are critical for achieving this goal. We reviewed the Mayo Adult Congenital Heart Disease database and identified 465 TOF patients (age 37 ± 14 years, men 223 [48%]) seen at Mayo Clinic Rochester between 1990 and 2017. The aim was to determine the risk factors for death and/or heart transplant through a comprehensive analysis of 8 groups of variables (demographics, co-morbidities, medications, heart rhythm, echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, cardiac catheterization, and ...
https://mayoclinic.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/mechanism-and-risk-factors-for-death-in-adults-with-tetralogy-of-
Treatment of tetralogy of Fallot with complete intracardiac repair (corrective surgery): Costs for treatment #139935 in Germany...Treatment of tetralogy of Fallot with complete intracardiac repair (corrective surgery): Costs for treatment #139935 in Germany...
Treatment of tetralogy of Fallot with complete intracardiac repair (corrective surgery) (costs for program #139935) ✔ University Hospital Münster ✔ Department of Congenital (CHD) and Acquired Heart Defects ✔ BookingHealth.com
https://bookinghealth.com/university-hospital-m-nster/treatment-programs/139935-treatment-of-tetralogy-of-fallot-with-complete-intracardiac-repair-corrective-surgery.html
Treatment of tetralogy of Fallot with complete intracardiac repair (corrective surgery): Costs for treatment #106305 in Germany...Treatment of tetralogy of Fallot with complete intracardiac repair (corrective surgery): Costs for treatment #106305 in Germany...
Treatment of tetralogy of Fallot with complete intracardiac repair (corrective surgery) (costs for program #106305) ✔ University Hospital RWTH Aachen ✔ Department of Thoracic, Vascular Surgery and Cardiac Surgery ✔ BookingHealth.com
https://bookinghealth.com/rwth-university-hospital-aachen/treatment-programs/106305-treatment-of-tetralogy-of-fallot-with-complete-intracardiac-repair-corrective-surgery.html
Long-term follow-up in adults after tetralogy of Fallot repair | Cardiovascular Ultrasound | Full TextLong-term follow-up in adults after tetralogy of Fallot repair | Cardiovascular Ultrasound | Full Text
Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease and the population of ToF repair survivors is growing rapidly. Adults with repaired ToF develop late complications. The aim of this study was to describe and analyze long-term follow-up of patients with repaired ToF. This is a retrospective cohort study. Consecutive 83 patients with repaired ToF who did not undergo pulmonary valve replacement were included. Mean age of all patients was 30.5 ± 10.7. There were 49 (59%) male. Patients were divided into two groups according to the time since the repair (| 25 years and ≥ 25 years). The electrocardiographic (ECG), cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), echocardiographic and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) data were reviewed retrospectively. In CPET values were not significantly different in the two groups. In CMR volumes of left and right ventricles were not significantly different in the two groups. There were no differences between the groups in ventricular ejection
https://cardiovascularultrasound.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12947-018-0146-7/email/correspondent/c1/new
Long-term follow-up in adults after tetralogy of Fallot repair | Cardiovascular Ultrasound | Full TextLong-term follow-up in adults after tetralogy of Fallot repair | Cardiovascular Ultrasound | Full Text
Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease and the population of ToF repair survivors is growing rapidly. Adults with repaired ToF develop late complications. The aim of this study was to describe and analyze long-term follow-up of patients with repaired ToF. This is a retrospective cohort study. Consecutive 83 patients with repaired ToF who did not undergo pulmonary valve replacement were included. Mean age of all patients was 30.5 ± 10.7. There were 49 (59%) male. Patients were divided into two groups according to the time since the repair (| 25 years and ≥ 25 years). The electrocardiographic (ECG), cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), echocardiographic and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) data were reviewed retrospectively. In CPET values were not significantly different in the two groups. In CMR volumes of left and right ventricles were not significantly different in the two groups. There were no differences between the groups in ventricular ejection
https://cardiovascularultrasound.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12947-018-0146-7
Tetralogy of Fallot With Pulmonary Atresia: Background, Anatomy, EtiologyTetralogy of Fallot With Pulmonary Atresia: Background, Anatomy, Etiology
Because of the wide variability of pulmonary blood supply, diagnosis and surgical management of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) with pulmonary atresia (PA) is more difficult than that of classic tetralogy of Fallot, and therefore, it is worthy of separate consideration. Tetralogy of Fallot is composed of a malaligned ventricular septal defect (VSD...
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/899368-overview
Staged surgical management of tetralogy of Fallot in infants. | CirculationStaged surgical management of tetralogy of Fallot in infants. | Circulation
A cohort of 61 consecutive patients 24 months of age of younger had palliative shunts for symptoms of tetralogy of Fallot during a 12-year period. Thirty-six of these patients have been followed through definitive intracardiac repair or to death. For analysis palliative operations were separated into two six-year periods, 1965--1970. During the first period seven of 30 infants operated on died; all 31 infants operated on during the second period survived. The Waterston anastomosis was performed most frequently (67%) during the first period; the Blalock-Taussig anastomosis was performed in 68% of infants during the second period. Of 54 hospital survivors, three died before definitive intracardiac repair. Two of the three interim deaths were related to heart disease. Twenty-six of the remaining 51 patients have had definitive intracardiac repair with two deaths (8%). Twenty-four in this group had intracardiac repair since 1973 with one hospital death (4%). The cumulative mortality for the entire ...
http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/58/5/837
Arrhythmia in the long-term follow-up after intracardiac repair of tetralogy of Fallot]. - literature database - CNGBdbArrhythmia in the long-term follow-up after intracardiac repair of tetralogy of Fallot]. - literature database - CNGBdb
The long-term success of intracardiac repair of tetralogy of Fallot is hampered by the occurrence of arrhythmias. The aim of the present study was to determine the incidence of arrhythmias after intra...
https://db.cngb.org/search/literature/14731348/
Tetralogy of Fallot - Young Scientists JournalTetralogy of Fallot - Young Scientists Journal
Tetralogy of Fallot What is Tetralogy of Fallot? Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital heart defect (one which is present at birth.) In fact, it is one of the most common congenital heart defects. It affects approximately 5 in 10,000 live births. Fallot was the name of the doctor who discovered this condition and the…
https://ysjournal.com/tetralogy-of-fallot/
Tetralogy of Fallot<...Tetralogy of Fallot<...
Searching for the best surgeons and doctors for Tetralogy of Fallot? Lyfboat, the most trusted Patient Enablement Platform, is on a mission to help patients find top specialists for Tetralogy of Fallot! We enable patients to connect, communicate and find the most experienced doctor for Tetralogy of Fallot.
https://www.lyfboat.com/doctors/pediatric-cardiology/tetralogy-of-fallot-tof/
Right Ventricular Contractility Reserve Following Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govRight Ventricular Contractility Reserve Following Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Background: Residual pulmonary regurgitation following repair of tetralogy of Fallot, in particular the use of a transannular patch, has been shown to correlate with the development of right ventricular dysfunction. Optimal timing of pulmonary valve replacement, therefore, is important to preserve right ventricular function. Several recent studies suggested that a threshold of right ventricular end-diastolic volume for intervention, in order to preserve the likelihood of adequate reverse remodeling, is in the region of 150 to 200 ml/m2 body surface area. However, there is evidence that right ventricular function does not always recover following pulmonary valve replacement even if the end-diastolic volume is below this cut-off.. In addition, previous studies suggested that early dysfunction may be present before symptoms occur. However, early dysfunction is difficult to assess.. Methods: Analysis of right ventricular function by pressure-volume loops has been extensively evaluated in ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00557934
Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot: Ratio of Right Ventricular Volume to Left Ventricular Volume as a Marker of Right Ventricular...
Purpose:To compare indexed right ventricular (RV) end-diastolic volume (RVEDVi) and the ratio of RV volume to left ventricular (LV) volume (RV/LV ratio) in prediction of significant pulmonary regurgitation (PR) after tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) repair
http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Repaired-Tetralogy-Fallot-Ratio-Right/22771877.html
TOF Repair in United Kingdom: Costs, Doctors, and top Hospitals | MediGenceTOF Repair in United Kingdom: Costs, Doctors, and top Hospitals | MediGence
Find out more about TOF Repair in United Kingdom. Costs, Treatments, and Prioritized Appointments with best Doctors at top JCI-Certified Hospitals
https://medigence.com/hospitals/cardiac-sciences/tof-repair/united-kingdom
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) in Adults: Practice Essentials, Background, AnatomyTetralogy of Fallot (TOF) in Adults: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is one of the most common congenital heart disorders (CHDs). This condition is classified as a cyanotic heart disorder, because tetralogy of Fallot results in an inadequate flow of blood to the lungs for oxygenation (right-to-left shunt) (see the following image).
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2035949-overview
tetralogy of Fallot
The tetralogy of Fallot is a complex of congenital malformation of the heart which consists of a ventricular septal defect, right ventricular hypertrophy with outflow tract obstruction (infundibular stenosis), rightward-displaced overriding aorta, and pulmonary stenosis. Patients with the tetralogy are usually cyanotic, but may not be (the so-called pink tet). Remediation is surgical. (The condition is a tetralogy because it has four basic elements, by the way.) ...
http://drhull.com/EncyMaster/T/tetralogy_of_Fallot.html
Individualised prediction of pulmonary homograft durability in tetralogy of Fallot | HeartIndividualised prediction of pulmonary homograft durability in tetralogy of Fallot | Heart
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common form of cyanotic congenital heart disease, and occurs in 4-5 of 10 000 live births.1 Advances in the early management have led to a survival of over 95% into adulthood.2 However, longstanding RV overload due to pulmonary regurgitation (PR) after cardiac surgery may lead to RV dysfunction and subsequently heart failure, sustained ventricular tachycardia and sudden cardiac death.3 ,4 Consequently, morbidity and mortality rise substantially from the third decade of life in patients with repaired TOF (rTOF).5 Pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) can be performed by implantation of several types of RV outflow tract conduits, usually bioprosthetic valves or homografts.6 ,7 Early beneficial effects after PVR include a reduction in RV volumes, a decrease of PR and an improvement in New York Heart Association functional class.6 ,8 ,9 However, a major concern after PVR is the need for future reoperations or reinterventions due to bioprosthetic conduit or homograft ...
https://heart.bmj.com/content/101/21/1717
Tetralogy of Fallot
Science has not yet identified a specific cause for tetralogy of Fallot in all cases, but genetics is believed to play a role. Someone born with TOF seems more likely to have a child with it.. Mothers who contract rubella or other viral illnesses during their pregnancies are at a higher risk of giving birth to babies with TOF. Other risk factors and conditions include poor nutrition, alcohol abuse, diabetes, and mothers age (over 40).. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the presence of certain environmental factors, such as carbon monoxide, might increase a mothers chances of delivering a baby with TOF. In addition, children who have certain genetic disorders, such as Down syndrome and DiGeorge syndrome, often have congenital heart defects, including tetralogy of Fallot.. ...
https://www.rchsd.org/health-articles/tetralogy-of-fallot/
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)
Tetralogy of Fallot is 4 congenital heart defects. This means that your child is born with them. These 4 problems occur together (tetralogy refers to 4).
http://healthlibrary.uchospitals.edu/Library/DiseasesConditions/Pediatric/Cardiology/90,P01822
Incidence of tetralogy of fallot in dogs pdf
Tetralogy of Fallot in a 6-year-old albino ferret (Mustela putorius - Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital heart defect that causes cyanosis, severe progressive weakness and activity intolerance, polycythemia, and shortened life span in dogs. Open surgical repair of
https://kavitshah.com/la-serena/incidence-of-tetralogy-of-fallot-in-dogs-pdf.php
Tetralogy of Fallot a congenital defectTetralogy of Fallot a congenital defect
Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital heart defect. This is a condition of the hearts structure thats present at birth. Tetralogy of Fallot
https://www.veterinarydiscussions.net/tetralogy-of-fallot-a-congenital-defect/
Heart Birth Defects | Tetralogy of Fallot
The exact cause of tetralogy of Fallot is not known, but research has shown a link between the use of certain antidepressants during pregnancy and a higher incidence of certain birth defects, including heart defects like tetralogy of Fallot.
http://www.heartbirthdefect.com/heart-birth-defects/tetralogy-of-fallot.php
Chromosome 22q11 microdeletions in tetralogy of Fallot. | Archives of Disease in ChildhoodChromosome 22q11 microdeletions in tetralogy of Fallot. | Archives of Disease in Childhood
Chromosome 22q11 fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) studies were performed on 33 consecutive individuals attending a paediatric cardiology clinic with tetralogy of Fallot. Seven children had 22q11 microdeletions but only four had other clinical features associated with the newly recognised chromosome 22 deletion syndrome (CATCH 22). Chromosome 22q11 FISH studies should therefore be performed on all patients with tetralogy of Fallot.. ...
http://adc.bmj.com/content/74/1/62
Tetralogy of Fallot | Springer for Research & DevelopmentTetralogy of Fallot | Springer for Research & Development
It is now almost four decades since total correction of tetralogy of Fallot was first reported by Lillehei and demonstrated to be a feasible, low-risk operation by Kirklin. During that time...
https://rd.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4612-2324-5_21
Tetralogy of Fallot Information | Erins FundTetralogy of Fallot Information | Erins Fund
Surgery is required to repair tetralogy of Fallot. Typically in the first few months of life we will perform open heart surgery to patch the hole (VSD) and widen the pulmonary valve or artery.. In some cases, depending on the unique needs of the patient, we will perform a temporary repair until a complete repair can be done. The temporary repair involves connecting the pulmonary arteries (which carry blood from heart to lungs) with one of the large arteries that carry blood away from the heart to the body. This increases the amount of blood that reaches the lungs, and so increases the amount of oxygen in the blood.. ...
http://fromerinsheart.org/learn/
Clinical utility of fetal magnetic resonance imaging in tetralogy of f by Anjali Chelliah, John T. Berger et al.Clinical utility of fetal magnetic resonance imaging in tetralogy of f by Anjali Chelliah, John T. Berger et al.
Chelliah, A., Berger, J. T., Blask, A., & Donofrio, M. T. (2013). Clinical utility of fetal magnetic resonance imaging in tetralogy of fallot with absent pulmonary valve. Circulation, 127(6), 757-759.. ...
https://hsrc.himmelfarb.gwu.edu/smhs_rad_facpubs/8/
Tetralogy of fallot (TOF) | Primum non nocereTetralogy of fallot (TOF) | Primum non nocere
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a congenital (present at birth) heart defect which is classically understood to involve four anatomical abnormalities. 4 characteristic abnormalities: pulmonary stenosis ventricular septal defect malposition of the aorta over both ventricles hypertrophy of the right ventricle Symptoms: cyanosis at birth (blueish tinge of skin and mucus membranes indicative of inadequate…
https://gardenrain.wordpress.com/2009/06/24/tetralogy-of-fallot-tof/
Antipsychotics learning module : MHRA
Feedback on other responses. iv. Tetralogy of Fallot. Tetralogy of Fallot can be caused by environmental or genetic factors. Drugs (eg isotretinoin) have been linked with this congenital heart defect but there is no convincing evidence linking antipsychotics to tetralogy of Fallot.. Tetralogy of Fallot comprises: (a) a hole in the wall (septum) between the two ventricles; (b) narrowing of the valve at the top of the right ventricle (pulmonary valve) that allows blood to enter the pulmonary artery on its way to the lungs; (c) mis-positioned aorta such that the blood vessel lies directly above the hole between the ventricles; and (d) thickening of the muscle around the right ventricle (right ventricular hypertrophy).. v. Short QTc syndrome. Antipsychotics are associated prolongation (rather than shortening) of QT interval, which represents an interference with the electromechanical function of the heart and which can lead to arrhythmia and death.. Short QTc syndrome is linked to genetic factors. ...
http://www.mhra.gov.uk/antipsychotics-learning-module/con155606?useSecondary=&showpage=44
Tetralogy of Fallot | Fairfield, Hamilton, West Chester, Harrison, OH | Pediatric Associates of FairfieldTetralogy of Fallot | Fairfield, Hamilton, West Chester, Harrison, OH | Pediatric Associates of Fairfield
Surgery is the only definitive treatment for children with tetralogy of Fallot. Your doctors will likely schedule your childs surgery by the time he or she turns one year old.. During the surgery, a pediatric cardiac surgeon will fix the hole between the ventricles (the ventricular septal defect) using a patch. The surgeon will also widen the pulmonary artery and fix any problems with the pulmonary valve. This repair will help more blood reach the lungs. The entire procedure is known as intra-cardiac repair.. If your child is too ill or too small for intra-cardiac repair, surgeons will create a temporary solution called a shunt. This is a bypass from the aorta to the pulmonary artery, which will increase blood flow to the lungs until your child is big enough for the final procedure.. top. ...
https://pediatricassociates.us/Parent-Information/Medical-Conditions/Tetralogy-of-Fallot
what is a tetralogy of fallot? | Answers from Doctors | HealthTapwhat is a tetralogy of fallot? | Answers from Doctors | HealthTap
Dr. Nikolaos Zacharias answered: VSD-overriding aorta: Tetralogy of fallot is a congenital heart anomaly consisting of ventricular septal defect, right ventricular...
https://www.healthtap.com/questions/256903-what-is-a-tetralogy-of-fallot/
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) (for Parents) - Nicklaus Childrens Hospital (SX/BC off)Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) (for Parents) - Nicklaus Childrens Hospital (SX/BC off)
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a combination of problems caused by a birth defect that changes the way blood flows through the heart.
https://kidshealth.org/NicklausChildrens/en/parents/tetralogy-of-fallot.html?WT.ac=p-ra
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) Animated Video | Childrens Hospital of PhiladelphiaTetralogy of Fallot (TOF) Animated Video | Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia
In this video, doctors at The Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia describe the structure of a heart with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF).
https://www.chop.edu/video/tetralogy-fallot-tof-animated-video
Fallots tetralogy | definition of Fallots tetralogy by Medical dictionaryFallots tetralogy | definition of Fallots tetralogy by Medical dictionary
Looking for online definition of Fallot's tetralogy in the Medical Dictionary? Fallot's tetralogy explanation free. What is Fallot's tetralogy? Meaning of Fallot's tetralogy medical term. What does Fallot's tetralogy mean?
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Fallot
Papers with the keyword Regurgitant Fraction and branch pulmonary artery stenosis and Tetralogy of fallot | Read by QxMDPapers with the keyword Regurgitant Fraction and branch pulmonary artery stenosis and Tetralogy of fallot | Read by QxMD
BACKGROUND: Pulmonary regurgitation (PR) is an important determinant of outcome after repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Baseline PR was measured by magnetic resonance (MR) phase velocity mapping and from real-time right ventricular pressure-volume loops with a conductance catheter. Subsequently, the impact of two loading maneuvers (increased airway pressure, simulated branch pulmonary artery stenosis) on PR was assessed by the conductance catheter method. METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirteen patients, 3 to 35 years after tetralogy of Fallot repair or pulmonary valvotomy, had PR measured by MR phase velocity mapping while breathing spontaneously ...
https://www.readbyqxmd.com/keyword/3906
Anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the pulmonary artery associated with tetralogy of Fallot: Description of the...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the pulmonary artery associated with tetralogy of Fallot. T2 - Description of the pre-surgical diagnosis and surgical repair. AU - Pluchinotta, Francesca R.. AU - Vida, Vladimiro. AU - Milanesi, Ornella. PY - 2011/8. Y1 - 2011/8. N2 - Anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the pulmonary artery is a rare congenital defect. We describe the case of an infant with anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the pulmonary artery in association with tetralogy of Fallot. This patient had a pre-operative echocardiographic diagnosis, which was confirmed by angiography, and later underwent a successful surgical repair.. AB - Anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the pulmonary artery is a rare congenital defect. We describe the case of an infant with anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the pulmonary artery in association with tetralogy of Fallot. This patient had a pre-operative ...
https://moh-it.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/anomalous-origin-of-the-right-coronary-artery-from-the-pulmonary-
Repair of anomalous origin of right pulmonary artery in Tetralogy of Fallot with anomalous coronary artery - AuthoreaRepair of anomalous origin of right pulmonary artery in Tetralogy of Fallot with anomalous coronary artery - Authorea
We present an unusual combination of lesions in an eight months old child diagnosed with Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), Anomalous origin of Right Pulmonary artery (AORPA) and anomalous coronary artery (ACA) crossing the pulmonary annulus. The association
https://www.authorea.com/users/338098/articles/464115-repair-of-anomalous-origin-of-right-pulmonary-artery-in-tetralogy-of-fallot-with-anomalous-coronary-artery?commit=8f87825fae677fff9b60e77c3c9d8cb225ea2ba3
Cardiopulmonary performance during exercise in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve.
In patients with tetralogy of Fallot and absent pulmonary valve, the dilated pulmonary arteries sometimes result in bronchial compression and pulmonary symptoms due to airway obstruction, recurrent pulmonary infection, and development of bronchiectas
http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Cardiopulmonary-performance-during-exercise-in/7617505.html
Tetralogy of Fallot | Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases | Full TextTetralogy of Fallot | Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases | Full Text
Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital cardiac malformation that consists of an interventricular communication, also known as a ventricular septal defect, obstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract, override of the ventricular septum by the aortic root, and right ventricular hypertrophy. This combination of lesions occurs in 3 of every 10,000 live births, and accounts for 7-10% of all congenital cardiac malformations. Patients nowadays usually present as neonates, with cyanosis of varying intensity based on the degree of obstruction to flow of blood to the lungs. The aetiology is multifactorial, but reported associations include untreated maternal diabetes, phenylketonuria, and intake of retinoic acid. Associated chromosomal anomalies can include trisomies 21, 18, and 13, but recent experience points to the much more frequent association of microdeletions of chromosome 22. The risk of recurrence in families is 3%. Useful diagnostic tests are the chest radiograph, electrocardiogram, and
https://ojrd.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1750-1172-4-2/figures/5
Tetralogy of Fallot - WikipediaTetralogy of Fallot - Wikipedia
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a congenital heart defect that is present at birth. Symptoms include episodes of bluish color to the skin. When affected babies cry or have a bowel movement, they may develop a tet spell where they turn very blue, have difficulty breathing, become limp, and occasionally lose consciousness. Other symptoms may include a heart murmur, finger clubbing, and easy tiring upon breastfeeding. The cause is typically not known. Risk factors include a mother who uses alcohol, has diabetes, is over the age of 40, or gets rubella during pregnancy. It may also be associated with Down syndrome. Classically there are four defects: a ventricular septal defect, a hole between the two ventricles pulmonary stenosis, narrowing of the exit from the right ventricle right ventricular hypertrophy, enlargement of the right ventricle an overriding aorta, which allows blood from both ventricles to enter the aorta TOF is typically treated by open heart surgery in the first year of life. Timing ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetralogy_of_Fallot
Effects of Right Ventricular Hemodynamic Burden on Intraventricular Flow in Tetralogy of Fallot: An Echocardiographic Contrast...Effects of Right Ventricular Hemodynamic Burden on Intraventricular Flow in Tetralogy of Fallot: An Echocardiographic Contrast...
Background: The purpose of this investigation was to test the hypothesis that flow patterns in the right ventricle are abnormal in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). High-resolution echocardiographic contrast particle imaging velocimetry was used to investigate rotation intensity and kinetic energy dissipation of right ventricular (RV) flow in patients with TOF compared with normal controls. Methods: Forty-one subjects (16 with repaired TOF and varying degrees of RV dilation and 25 normal controls) underwent prospective contrast imaging using the lipid-encapsulated microbubble (Definity) on Sequoia systems. A mechanical index of 0.4, three-beat high-frame rate (,60 Hz) captures, and harmonic frequencies were used. Rotation intensity and kinetic energy dissipation of flow in the right and left ventricles were studied (Hyperflow). Ventricular volumes and ejection fractions in all subjects were derived from same-day cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). Results: Measurable planar maps ...
https://arts.units.it/handle/11368/2825530
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) | Boston Childrens HospitalTetralogy of Fallot (TOF) | Boston Childrens Hospital
Learn about tetralogy of Fallot (ToF), a congenital condition affecting blood flow from the heart, and the care available at Boston Childrens Hospital.
https://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions-and-treatments/conditions/t/tetralogy-of-fallot/overview
Cyanotic CHD lesions with decreased pulmonary blood flow<...
TY - CHAP. T1 - Cyanotic CHD lesions with decreased pulmonary blood flow. AU - Costello, John M.. AU - Laussen, Peter C.. PY - 2014/1/1. Y1 - 2014/1/1. N2 - Infants with congenital heart defects associated with cyanosis and decreased pulmonary blood flow are a heterogenous group of patients. The complex aspects of the provision of intensive care for this patient population are largely concentrated in the newborn period, which is the focus of this chapter. An approach to the initial evaluation and stabilization of the cyanotic neonate with suspected congenital heart disease is provided. The anatomy, pathophysiology and clinical presentation, preoperative evaluation, surgical or transcatheter intervention, and postoperative care and outcome for tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary stenosis are discussed. The concept of restrictive right ventricular physiology is covered in detail. The salient features of complex variants of tetralogy of Fallot are also noted, including pulmonary atresia, absent ...
https://www.scholars.northwestern.edu/en/publications/cyanotic-chd-lesions-with-decreased-pulmonary-blood-flow
Minimally Invasive ToF Repair in Adult Patient | CTSNetMinimally Invasive ToF Repair in Adult Patient | CTSNet
The operation plan was to perform total repair of ToF through the left anterior minithoracotomy. The patient was positioned with an inflatable pillow under the left chest. The anesthesiologist inserted venous cannula in the right internal jugular vein. The right femoral artery and vein preparation was made for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). After heparin was given, femoral arterial and venous cannulations were carried out.. A 6 cm skin incision was performed over the 4th intercostal space (ICS) from the left sternal border to the left midclavicular line, and the left pleural space was entered through the same ICS.. Before CPB was started, peak between right ventricle (RV) and left ventricle (LV) pressure ratio was measured. For better exposure, the authors encircled the ascending aorta with the tape. The cardioplegia catheter was inserted under direct vision in the aortic root. The Chitwood cross-clamp was inserted in the second ICS at the left anterior axillary line. After the aortic cross-clamp ...
https://www.ctsnet.org/article/minimally-invasive-tof-repair-adult-patient
Chasing Red Herrings | Circulation: Arrhythmia and ElectrophysiologyChasing Red Herrings | Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology
A 50-year-old man presented with sustained wide complex tachycardia and was treated with cardioversion. He gave a history of 2 such episodes within the past 7 years, requiring cardioversion each time. Ten years previously, he had undergone surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Review of operative notes indicated that the procedure included patch closure of the ventricular septal defect, right ventricular outflow tract resection, repair with a transannular patch, and pulmonary valve replacement with a porcine valve.. Editors Perspective see p 557. ECG recorded during the tachycardia showed a regular wide complex tachycardia at a rate of 240 beats per minute of left bundle branch block morphology with left axis deviation. ECG in sinus rhythm showed PR interval of 200 ms, right bundle branch block with normal axis, and QRS duration of 170 ms. Echocardiography showed mild right ventricular dilatation with normal left and right ventricular function. The ventricular septum was intact, there was no ...
http://circep.ahajournals.org/content/7/3/553.short?rss=1
Most recent papers in the shared collection Lurie Cardiology Fellow Collection-Imaging | Read by QxMDMost recent papers in the shared collection Lurie Cardiology Fellow Collection-Imaging | Read by QxMD
Surgical management of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) results in anatomic and functional abnormalities in the majority of patients. Although right ventricular volume load due to severe pulmonary regurgitation can be tolerated for many years, there is now evidence that the compensatory mechanisms of the right ventricular myocardium ultimately fail and that if the volume load is not eliminated or reduced by pulmonary valve replacement the dysfunction might be irreversible. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has evolved during the last 2 decades as the reference standard imaging modality to assess the anatomic and functional sequelae in patients with repaired TOF ...
https://www.readbyqxmd.com/shared-collection/5714
Best absent pulmonary valve program - Doctor answersBest absent pulmonary valve program - Doctor answers
Doctor answers on Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, and More: Dr. Giannone on best absent pulmonary valve program: Anoxic brain injury can occur after cardiac arrest. The heart disease you mention could lead to cardiac arrest but you did not mention this in your history. I am concerned about endocarditis, infection of the heart valve, with history of mssa bacteremia. for topic: Best Absent Pulmonary Valve Program
https://www.healthtap.com/topics/best-absent-pulmonary-valve-program
When Your Child Has Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)When Your Child Has Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)
In rare cases, your child may need a temporary procedure to increase blood flow to the lungs until complete repair can be done. A Surgical shunt may be required to provide stable pulmonary blood flow with complete repair deferred until your child is older. Your child may also need a cardiac catheterization procedure. This will give the doctor more details about the condition. The doctor may also use the procedure to widen the pulmonary valve before the surgery. To widen the valve, the doctor uses a thin, flexible tube (catheter) with a balloon to stretch the valve open. Your childs cardiologist will tell you more about this, if needed.. ...
https://www.baycare.org/health-library/when-your-child-has-tetralogy-of-fallot-tof
BMJ Best PracticeBMJ Best Practice
Pulmonary regurgitation is rare and is infrequently symptomatic. It gradually develops over many years and results in volume overload and right ventricular (RV) dysfunction. It can be congenital or acquired, caused by conditions that increase pulmonary artery pressure, such as left ventricular (LV) dysfunction or severe lung disease. The acquired form occurs from any secondary cause that leads to pulmonary regurgitation through increased pulmonary pressure secondary to left-sided failure, or after surgical intervention for tetralogy of Fallot, pulmonary stenosis, or pulmonary atresia. Isolated pulmonary regurgitation occurs as a result of any cause that impacts the valve directly, such as endocarditis. The murmur of pulmonary regurgitation is diastolic and is associated with RV lift. [1] Ansari A. Isolated pulmonary valvular regurgitation: current perspectives. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 1991;33:329-344. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2003147?tool=bestpractice.com ...
http://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-us/474
Plus it
In a group of 339 patients with acute myocardial infarction treated in a coronary care unit, 273 left the unit while improving and were expected to leave hospital alive; 23 had a cardiac arrest or died suddenly while still in hospital-17 died immediately or after temporary resuscitation and six were resuscitated to leave hospital alive. Ventricular fibrillation was found in 13 of the 20 patients attended by the cardiac arrest team. The incidents were scattered from the 4th to the 24th day after the onset of infarction. Risk factors in these late sudden death patients were compared with the 250 patients who left the unit while improving and did not die or suffer cardiac arrest. The patients susceptible to late sudden death were characterized early in their hospital course by the findings of severe, predominantly anterior infarction, left ventricular failure, persistent sinus tachycardia, and frequent ventricular arrhythmias. It is suggested that such patients be chosen for prolonged observation ...
http://www.bmj.com/content/4/5780/136
Pattern and outcome of congenital heart defects managed at Innova Children Heart Hospital, Hyderabad, India as a skill...
RESULTS: A total of 805 patients with CHD were managed during the period. The age range was 9 days to 18 years, with a mean age of one and half years. The most common CHD managed was tetralogy of Fallot (38.5%), followed by ventricular septal defect (15.4%) and atrial septal defect (14.8%). Treatment received varied from modified Blalock-Taussig shunt to intracardiac repair among others. The length of hospital stay ranged from 7 days to 21 days with average of 9.3 days. The outcome depended on the type of CHD, time of presentation, associated comorbidity and the extent of accuracy of preoperative echocardiography diagnosis. The success rate of 85-95% on the average was recorded ...
https://www.minervamedica.it/en/journals/chirurgia/article.php?cod=R20Y2017N01A0001
Tetralogy of Fallot | Cardiovascular diseases | ePharmaPedia
This is the corrective surgery in which the condition is treated in most of the children within their first year of life. The procedure involves placing a patch on the ventricular septal defect to close the hole between the two ventricles along with widening the pulmonary valve and pulmonary arteries, which results in an increased blood flow to the lungs. Upon completion of the procedure, the symptoms are diminished due to oxygen level increase in the blood. In some cases, when babies are born prematurely or their pulmonary arteries are not yet fully developed (hypoplastic), there might be a need for a temporary surgery before the main one. This temporary surgery involves creating a bypass between the aorta and the pulmonary arteries to increase blood flow to the lungs. When the time comes for the intercardiac repair, the bypass is removed.. ...
https://epharmapedia.com/diseases/profile/643/Tetralogy-of-Falot.html?lang=en
Dr. Schwarz Cardio - ECG Decoder
QRS axis +95 Interpretation: Abnormal ECG. Sinus rhythm, one PVC, one PAC. First degree AV block. Bi-atrial abnormality. Right axis deviation. Left ventricular hypertrophy. Non-specific repolarization abnormalities. The patient has tetralogy of Fallot, pulmonary atresia, underwent right Blalock-Taussig shunt at the age of 8 but no complete correction of tetralogy. Developed Eisenmenger s syndrome. Right sided hemiparesis was a consequence of brain abscess requiring drainage and prolonged antibiotic therapy.
http://drschwarzcardio.com/ecg0404.htm
Absent Pulmonary Valve -- Child | TriStar CentennialAbsent Pulmonary Valve -- Child | TriStar Centennial
Learn more about Absent Pulmonary Valve -- Child at TriStar Centennial DefinitionCausesRisk FactorsSymptomsDiagnosisTreatmentPreventionrevision ...
https://tristarcentennial.com/hl/?/2010817735/Absent-Pulmonary-Valve----Child&com.dotmarketing.htmlpage.language=1
Monsieur Délire: 2009Monsieur Délire: 2009
Une autre proposition incongrue de Frank Rothkamm, second volet de sa Tetralogy. Zahra Fugues est son premier disque entièrement acoustique (mais doit-on le prendre au mot?) depuis des lustres. Il sagit dune série de 26 courtes pièces pour piano à huit mains, toutes les siennes (par la magie du multipiste), toutes sinspirant de ce quil a retenu de lart de la fugue. La facture est classique en surface, beaucoup plus schizophrénique en profondeur (influences éclectiques), occasionnallement carrément étrange (le décalement des parties dans Zahra Fugue 21, à la limite de laccidentel et de lintentionnel. Par le style et linstrument, Zahra Fugues est à rapprocher dOpus Spongebobicum, mais cest une autre bête, qui peut être agréable et douce à lécoute si vous connaissez peu la musique classique, et savérer troublante, voire dérangeante, si vous êtes versé dans la fugue.. Another odd proposition from Frank Rothkamm, the second installment in his Tetralogy series. Zahra ...
http://blog.monsieurdelire.com/2009/?m=0
Squidco: Rutherford, Paul: Tetralogy 2CDSquidco: Rutherford, Paul: Tetralogy 2CD
Squidco sells CDs, DVDs, Vinyl LPs and magazines of unusual music in the fields of improvisation, compositional music, experimental, chamber rock, and Rock In Opposition
http://www.squidco.com/miva/merchant.mvc?Screen=PROD&Product_Code=12212&Store_Code=S&search=Emanem&offset=50&filter_cat=&PowerSearch_Begin_Only=&sort=code.desc&range_low=&range_high=&srch_label=1
Philippine Heart Association - Philhealth Z Packages for Heart Diseases
Last February 2013, the PHILHEALTH launched the Case Type Z Packages for heart surgeries, in particular, for coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), total correction of Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), patch repair of ventricular septal defect (VSD), to patients who are eligible PHILHEALTH members or dependents.. Details of the packages are as follows:. I. Fund support ...
http://www.philheart.org/index.php/aboutpha/councils/93-lay-education/388-philhealth-z-packages-for-heart-diseases
Indian Heart JournalIndian Heart Journal
Management of Tetralogy Fallot With Absent Pulmonary Valve:Early and Mid-Term Results Of a Uniform Approach-Ujjwal K Choudary,Balram Airan,rajesh sharma,Anil Bhan,Shyam S Kothari,Anita Saxena,R Juneja,Panagipalli ...
http://indianheartjournal.com/Jan-Feb2000/Jan-Feb2000.htm
Ventricular septal defects - Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment | BMJ Best PracticeVentricular septal defects - Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment | BMJ Best Practice
A defect in the interventricular septum that allows shunting of blood between the left and right ventricles. Usually congenital, but rarely acquired after myocardial infarction or trauma. May be associated with other congenital defects such as tetralogy of Fallot. Significant left-to-right shunti...
https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-gb/1100
Cardiac Scan (Fetal Echo) - Innermost HealthcareCardiac Scan (Fetal Echo) - Innermost Healthcare
A detailed Anatomy Scan at around 20 weeks is offered to screen for abnormalities in the baby including cardiac defects but at this time the heart is still only the size of a pea and the detection rates are poor across the UK.. Originally most hospitals check only One View, the 4 Chamber View, which has been around for about 20 years and looks at the four main pumping chambers (left and right atria and left and right ventricles). The 4-chamber view is still the most crucial view, as it takes into account the hearts size/position and examines in detail the four pumping chambers (for disproportion), walls & septum.. The 4 Chamber View will generally pick up about half of fetal cardiac anomalies. However, just looking at the 4-chamber view can result in missing important problems such as Tetralogy of Fallot, hidden septal defects which are; holes in the midline wall that divides the left and right side of the heart, Transposition of the Great Arteries (TGA) where the main vessels supplying ...
http://innermosthealthcare.com/info-for-you/pregnancy/second-trimester/cardiac-scan-fetal-echo/
I Was Born With a Heart Defect That Couldve Killed Me | Health.comI Was Born With a Heart Defect That Couldve Killed Me | Health.com
Emily Straley shares her experience with Tetralogy of Fallot, a rare heart defect that meant she didnt have enough oxygen in her blood. Find out what her treatment has been like with an invisible illness.
https://www.health.com/condition/heart-disease/emily-straley-heart-month-survivor
Your Stories Archives - Page 2 of 23 - Tiny TickersYour Stories Archives - Page 2 of 23 - Tiny Tickers
My surprise youngest, Zach, was diagnosed at our 20 week scan and we were immediately referred to UCL for further scans. We were met by the foetal medical team and GOSH a week later and Zach was diagnosed with Transposition of the Great Arteries (TGA) and Double Outlet Right Ventricle (DORV). We were put in…. ...
https://www.tinytickers.org/category/your-stories/page/2/
Surgery helps child escape family history of heart problems | News Center | Stanford MedicineSurgery helps child escape family history of heart problems | News Center | Stanford Medicine
Tara Sharp will never forget the moment she received the sonogram results.. The doctor said, Theres something wrong with the babys heart; we dont know if she will survive, Sharp said. I was devastated.. Six months pregnant, Tara and her husband, Ben, were eagerly awaiting their second child. Now, instead of telling their older daughter to expect a sister, they wondered if the baby would live.. A genetic counselor soon asked about family history of heart problems. One aunt, Sharp learned from her mother, had a mild version of tetralogy of Fallot, the defect detected in a severe form on her own babys sonogram. But Sharps mom, Heather, revealed more: More than 50 babies on her family tree, including one of Heathers own siblings, had died in infancy because of severe versions of the same heart defect. It was the first time Sharp had heard this element of her familys past.. But Sharps pediatric cardiologist in Santa Rosa, Calif., offered hope. She told us the best surgeon in the world ...
http://med.stanford.edu/news/all-news/2012/11/surgery-helps-child-escape-family-history-of-heart-problems.html
Oral Fluconazole in Pregnancy Not Linked to Most Birth Defects - MPROral Fluconazole in Pregnancy Not Linked to Most Birth Defects - MPR
Low doses of fluconazole during pregnancy do not increase the risk of most birth defects but may confer an increased risk of tetralogy of Fallot.
http://www.empr.com/drug-news/oral-fluconazole-in-pregnancy-not-linked-to-most-birth-defects/article/309298/
Gene | JAG1Gene | JAG1
The JAG1 gene is associated with autosomal dominant Alagille syndrome (MedGen UID: 365434) and tetralogy of Fallot (MedGen UID: 21498).
https://www.invitae.com/en/physician/genes/20276/
blog - Cincinnati Childrens Blogblog - Cincinnati Childrens Blog
Our son, Henry, is a patient in the Heart Institute. He has tetralogy of Fallot and had open heart surgery on November 17, 2015. He had this procedure when he was five months old to correct some of the defects caused by his condition. We have pursued › Continue Reading. ...
http://blog.cincinnatichildrens.org/blog/
Fadzleen Ezyani: 2013Fadzleen Ezyani: 2013
Dekat sekolah saya, posting ni consists of 11 weeks all together, 6 minggu masa kami di Tahun 4, the remaining 5 weeks masa kami di tahun 5.. Sewaktu kami di tahun 4, kami dihantar ke Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab 2, atau nama famousnya Hospital KB.. Kasihan kami, ibarat pergi menumpang mencari sesuap makan di tempat orang.. Kadang kami dilayan, kadang terbuang dan dianggap seperti invisible.. kih2.. Hari-hari pergi clerk patient, clerk patient, clerk patient.. Pastu ikut round, pastu balik sekolah balik.. Tak dinafikan, Hosp. KB ada banyak kes yang menarik.. Obvious hypercyanotic spell n clubbing - pesakit Tetralogy of Fallot.. Ada Kawasaki disease yg manifest secara jelas.. Ada laryngomalacia yang dari jauh kita dah leh dengar stridor yang kuat.. Ada ramai patient thalassemia yang kita dah boleh kenal sekilas ikan dilaut sudah tahu jantan betinanya.. cewaaaah!! Thats the pros la kan..Tapi, saya sebenarnya bersemangat assabiyah sikit, tak suka pergi tempat orang.. rasa macam menumpang.. tak ...
http://thelonersecret.blogspot.com/2013/
Jaxs Story | Childrens Hospital FoundationJaxs Story | Childrens Hospital Foundation
An ultrasound showed Jax had a heart condition called tetralogy of Fallot. Fortunately, he was able to be treated by the physician who literally wrote the book on how to repair such hearts.
https://childrensnational.org/giving/why-give/who-you-help/jax
Seizures - Approach To Medicine
Lamotrigine. - Very good, low S/E profile. (does not cause classic fatigue, but causes alertness!!). (but also has insomnia, dose in AM and early PM.. - Safe in ELDERLY. - Cognitively neutral, very potent mood stabilizer. - Disadvantages:. - SJS - warn patients of rash and tell them to stop!. - To minimize SJS risk, need to titrate up SLOWLY. - Insomnia (move second dose to 5pm if issue). - BID dosing. - SLOW titration, takes long time to be theraputic.. Start (sometimes 12.5mg BID x2w) 25mg BID (25+25) x2 weeks,. then 50+25 x2 weeks, then..... target: 75-125mg BID. - Final dose target based on age, weight, and clinical judgement.. - Can order levels, but take ~2 weeks to come back.. Often just titrated up until patient gets side-effects.. Interactions: Valproic acid + Lamotrigine Pregnancy: cleft lip, palate, tetralogy of fallot, transposition (1/1000 --, 1/300). Topiramate (Topamax) - Weight LOSS! Slows thinking and word finding difficulty. Other indications: migraine, pain, pseudotumor ...
http://medref.ca/Neurology/Seizures
A visit with Santa and a trip to the gardens...A visit with Santa and a trip to the gardens...
In 2008, we went to the Jiangxi Province to adopt a little girl who needed open-heart surgery for Tetralogy of Fallot and hand surgery to remove an extra thumb. Im always happy to share our experience with a SN adoption with others. When Im home from work, I love to sneak in a weekly craft project or a trip to my favorite antique/thrift stores. Come play with me ...
http://kenward.blogspot.com/2010/12/visit-with-santa-and-trip-to-gardens.html
For all the Dads...For all the Dads...
In 2008, we went to the Jiangxi Province to adopt a little girl who needed open-heart surgery for Tetralogy of Fallot and hand surgery to remove an extra thumb. Im always happy to share our experience with a SN adoption with others. When Im home from work, I love to sneak in a weekly craft project or a trip to my favorite antique/thrift stores. Come play with me ...
http://kenward.blogspot.com/2012/06/for-all-dads.html
View source for 2011 Group Project 6 - Embryology
2011ProjectsMH}} =Tetralogy of Fallot= --[[User:S8600021,Mark Hill]] 15:50, 8 September 2011 (EST) This has reasonable sub-heading structure, but several sections still lack any content, which they should by now. There are only 2 figures and the text in places is verbose, and very poorly structured for ease of reading/understanding. * Introduction - No text here? This is where the reader starts and it should grab their attention to your topic. * History - Good early background. Quoted text should be indented. You have included only a few time points in the disease up to 1945-50s and only broadly thereafter. The text is also very clinically technical, suggesting that you have just copied without understanding the content itself. * Signs and Symptoms - this should have subsections for each description. * Genetics/Aetiology - No text here? * Pathophysiology and Abnormalities - Seems to overlap with the Signs and Symptoms content. * Diagnostic Tests - you name the tests but do not describe how they ...
https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php?title=2011_Group_Project_6&action=edit&oldid=68546
My son has a preexisting condition thats why I am voting for ObamaMy son has a preexisting condition thats why I am voting for Obama
When my son was born, I was on Medi-Cal. Income and asset requirements are different when you are pregnant, thankfully, or else we would not qualify. I own my home; I have money in the bank; I own some stocks. All of this would disqualify me under normal circumstances, despite my income, for Medi-Cal. Exceptions are made from pregnant women and children.. When my son was born, I was working under a grant as a school readiness teacher. Since it was grant funded, the school district would only grant me temporary status, thus no access to employer-based group plan health insurance that by law would have to cover a preexisting condition. Try buying health insurance privately when you are pregnant. It was impossible.. After my son was born, the Medi-Cal coverage lasted for two months. He was diagnosed at two weeks of age with Tetralogy of Fallot, and the social workers were great at getting him signed up for California Childrens Services (CCS). We automatically qualified since I was on Medi-Cal. Our ...
https://ecochildsplay.com/2012/10/07/my-son-has-a-preexisting-condition-thats-why-i-am-voting-for-obama/
Sally Responds - Sally FernandezSally Responds - Sally Fernandez
Writing the sequels to my first novel, Brotherhood Beyond the Yard was a major challenge. I wanted the subsequent novels in The Simon Tetralogy to stand on their own. At times, I found it necessary to refer to some past events so the new reader could follow the plot, but I had to include them in a way that a reader of my earlier books would not find it repetitive. It required striking a fine balance. And of course, I also wanted to pique the interests of readers to continue with the narrative in the succeeding books in the series. So they can be read out of order. But as the author, I believe you will find them more enjoyable if you read: Brotherhood Beyond the Yard, Nobles Quest, The Ultimate Revenge, and then Redemption in that order. The novels in my new Max Ford Thriller series can definitely be read in any order, but I hope everyone reads them the moment they are published…then the order wont matter ...
https://sallyfernandez.com/about/faq/
Sentencing Guidelines: Stanley Fishs How to Write a Sentence - The MillionsSentencing Guidelines: Stanley Fishs How to Write a Sentence - The Millions
When writers marry other writers, the union can prove to be painfully inequitable. One career often soars above the other, sometimes in a permanent fashion, with the spouse dwelling seemingly in the shadows. Nick Laird, despite his achievements as a prize-winning poet, is probably primarily recognizable to the public as the husband of Zadie Smith. Likewise, Raymond Carvers widow, Tess Gallagher, is an accomplished but unheralded poet herself. Not since Mary and Percy Bysshe Shelley, one could argue, has there been a writer-couple of parallel impact, a husband and wife duo making contributions of equal standing to literary history.. It was revealed last year that global phenomenon Elena Ferrante was married to another writer, Domenico Starnone, a name known primarily in Italian literary circles. Ferrante, of course, has achieved deserved renown in America and worldwide for her astounding Neapolitan tetralogy. As of now, Starnone, winner of one of Europes most prestigious literary awards, the ...
https://themillions.com/2011/02/sentencing-guidelines-stanley-fishs-how-to-write-a-sentence.html
Tetralogy of FallotTetralogy of Fallot
What Is Tetralogy of Fallot? at the National Institutes of Health Understanding your child's heart: Tetralogy of Fallot by the ... Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), formerly known as Steno-Fallot tetralogy, is a congenital heart defect characterized by four ... including tetralogy of Fallot). Below are the four heart malformations that present together in tetralogy of Fallot: There is ... Trilogy of Fallot Congenital rubella syndrome Lehn M. "Fallot's tetralogy". Whonamedit?. Archived from the original on 3 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetralogy_of_Fallot
Helen B. TaussigHelen B. Taussig
While this was going on, Taussig observed that infants with cyanotic heart defects such as Tetralogy of Fallot or pulmonary ... Neill, C A; Clark, E B (1994). "Tetralogy of Fallot. The first 300 years". Texas Heart Institute Journal. 21 (4): 272-279. ISSN ... Taussig diagnosed her with Tetralogy of Fallot, a diagnosis which meant that without intervention she certainly would not ... and is used in the care of patients with Tetralogy of Fallot, pulmonary atresia, and more rare and complex abnormalities. At ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_B._Taussig
HeartHeart
Tetralogy of Fallot). Some congenital heart defects allow blood that is low in oxygen that would normally be returned to the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart
Multan Institute of CardiologyMultan Institute of Cardiology
Repair of Fallot's Tetralogy • PDA • Surgery for Coarctation of aorta • PA banding • Right Heart bypass in uni ventricular ... "Surgical repair of Tetralogy of Fallot in children and adult patients". Archived from the original on 17 October 2013. ... Tariq Waqar, Yasir Khan, Anjum Jalal Surgical repair of Tetralogy of Fallot in children and adult patients: A Retrospective ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multan_Institute_of_Cardiology
List of OMIM disorder codesList of OMIM disorder codes
WNT3 Tetralogy of Fallot; 187500; GDF1 Tetralogy of Fallot; 187500; JAG1 Tetralogy of Fallot; 187500; ZFPM2 Tetrology of Fallot ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_OMIM_disorder_codes
Blue baby syndromeBlue baby syndrome
In tetralogy of Fallot, episodes in which infants become cyanotic are called tet spells, typically occurring during feeding or ... Tetralogy of Fallot is the most common cyanotic cardiac heart defect. Methemoglobinemia is considered to be rare, with acquired ... "Orphanet: Tetralogy of Fallot". www.orpha.net. Retrieved 20 November 2019. CDC (19 November 2019). "Congenital Heart Defects - ... Death can occur when levels reach 70%. The first successful operation to treat blue baby syndrome caused by Tetralogy of Fallot ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_baby_syndrome
Sussex SpanielSussex Spaniel
A heart condition uncommon to the breed is tetralogy of Fallot, which is more common in the Keeshond and English Bulldog breeds ... "What is Tetralogy of Fallot?". Canine Inherited Disorders Database. 2001-10-30. Retrieved 2009-11-23. Lundgren, Becky. " ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sussex_Spaniel
Squatting positionSquatting position
"Tetralogy of Fallot - Symptoms and causes". Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 21 August 2021. Murakami T (2002). "Squatting: the ... Guntheroth WG, Mortan BC, Mullins GL, Baum D. Am "Venous return with knee-chest position and squatting in tetralogy of Fallot ... Toddlers and older children with the congenital heart disease tetralogy of Fallot will often instinctively squat during a "tet ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squatting_position
Homeobox protein Nkx-2.5Homeobox protein Nkx-2.5
Goldmuntz E, Geiger E, Benson DW (November 2001). "NKX2.5 mutations in patients with tetralogy of fallot". Circulation. 104 (21 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeobox_protein_Nkx-2.5
Subclavian steal syndromeSubclavian steal syndrome
Another example is Blalock-Taussig anastomosis for treatment of tetralogy of Fallot. The procedure involves dividing the ... Vertebrobasilar ischemia after correction of tetralogy of Fallot". Stroke. 15 (2): 359-62. doi:10.1161/01.str.15.2.359. PMID ... Kurlan, R; Krall, RL; Deweese, JA (March 1984). "Vertebrobasilar ischemia after total repair of tetralogy of Fallot: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subclavian_steal_syndrome
Trilogy of FallotTrilogy of Fallot
The first two of these are also found in the more common tetralogy of Fallot. However, the tetralogy has a ventricular septal ... CDC (2019-11-19). "Congenital Heart Defects - Facts about Tetralogy of Fallot , CDC". Centers for Disease Control and ... The Trilogy of Fallot also called Fallot's trilogy is a rare congenital heart disease consisting of the following defects: ... It is named in honor of its discoverer: Etienne Fallot. "Fallot trilogy (Concept Id: C0041022) - MedGen - NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trilogy_of_Fallot
PhonocardiogramPhonocardiogram
"Phonocardiogram in adult patients with tetralogy of Fallot". Journal of Cardiology. 65 (1): 82-86. doi:10.1016/j.jjcc.2014.03. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonocardiogram
Riaz HaiderRiaz Haider
Twelve year follow-up of Tetralogy of Fallot after surgical Correction of Fallots Tetralogy in Childhood. Brit. H.J. 34, 2,205 ... "Results of total correction of the tetralogy of Fallot. Long-term haemodynamic evaluation at rest and during exercise". Heart. ... "Results of total correction of the tetralogy of Fallot. Long-term haemodynamic evaluation at rest and during exercise". Heart. ... "Twelve years follow-up after surgical correction of Fallot's tetralogy in childhood". British Heart Journal. 34 (2): 205-206. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riaz_Haider
PITX2PITX2
In Congenital Heart Disease, heterozygous mutations in Pitx2 have been involved in the development of Tetralogy of Fallot, ... Sun, Y (February 15, 2016). "PITX2 loss-of-function mutation contributes to tetralogy of Fallot". Gene. 577 (2): 258-264. doi: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PITX2
Absent pulmonary valve syndromeAbsent pulmonary valve syndrome
It is sometimes considered a variant of Tetralogy of Fallot. Nölke, Lars; Azakie, Anthony; Anagnostopoulos, Petrous V.; ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absent_pulmonary_valve_syndrome
Right atrial enlargementRight atrial enlargement
... pulmonary stenosis or Tetralogy of Fallot i.e. congenital diseases; chronic lung disease, such as cor pulmonale. Other ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right_atrial_enlargement
Tinman (gene)Tinman (gene)
These include atrial and ventricular septal defects and tetralogy of Fallot. Abnormal placental expression of Nkx2.5 has been ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinman_(gene)
Dennis McEldowneyDennis McEldowney
Auto-biographical in nature, it described how he dealt with being an invalid due to having a Tetralogy of Fallot. This book won ... He was born with a congenital heart defect, Tetralogy of Fallot. Owing to this heart condition, McEldowney was an invalid until ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dennis_McEldowney
MYL4MYL4
Auckland LM, Lambert SJ, Cummins P (November 1986). "Cardiac myosin light and heavy chain isotypes in tetralogy of Fallot". ... tetralogy of Fallot. Altered ALC-1 expression is also altered in other congenital heart diseases, Double outlet right ventricle ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MYL4
Pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defectPulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect
The condition has been called a severe form of Tetralogy of Fallot. If deformed blood vessels coming from the thoracic aorta ... and tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)". FEBS Open Bio. 11 (2): 375-385. doi:10.1002/2211-5463.13044. PMC 7876499. PMID 33211401. Shi X ... "A review of the options for treatment of major aortopulmonary collateral arteries in the setting of tetralogy of Fallot with ... and reoperations after repair of tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia". The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_atresia_with_ventricular_septal_defect
SNX8SNX8
A candidate gene for 7p22 cardiac malformations including tetralogy of fallot". American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A. ... "7p22.3 microdeletion disrupting SNX8 in a patient presenting with intellectual disability but no tetralogy of Fallot". American ... dysmorphic features and cardiac malformations encompassing tetralogy of Fallot, one of the most common cyanotic congenital ... "Correspondence regarding SNX8 haploinsufficiency and its potential for cardiac anomalies including tetralogy of Fallot". ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNX8
Panangipalli VenugopalPanangipalli Venugopal
Pseudoaneurysm of ascending aorta 35 years after repair of tetralogy of Fallot". Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panangipalli_Venugopal
Townes-Brocks syndromeTownes-Brocks syndrome
Heart abnormalities, including tetralogy of fallot and defects of the ventricular septum. Hand and foot abnormalities, such as ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Townes–Brocks_syndrome
HAND2HAND2
Tetralogy of Fallot experienced significantly decreased Hand2 interactions with other key developmental genes such as GATA4 and ... "A novel HAND2 loss-of-function mutation responsible for tetralogy of Fallot". International Journal of Molecular Medicine. 37 ( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HAND2
John W. KirklinJohn W. Kirklin
The Tetralogy of Fallot from a surgical viewpoint, with Robert B. Karp, Philadelphia: Saunders (1970), ISBN 978-0721654744 ... Kirklin's modifications and team work also allowed repairs of tetralogy of Fallot. Varying in style and character, Lillehei and ... ASDs and tetralogy of Fallot. 30 survived and 20 were still alive 50 years later. Following the experimental trial in dogs, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_W._Kirklin
JAG1JAG1
Notch signaling Alagille syndrome Autosomal dominant Haploinsufficiency Tetralogy of fallot In situ hybridization Conditional ... there is a subset of individuals with JAG1 mutations who present with tetralogy of fallot/pulmonary stenosis that do not show ... mutations in patients with tetralogy of Fallot or pulmonic stenosis". Hum. Mutat. 31 (5): 594-601. doi:10.1002/humu.21231. PMC ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JAG1
Down syndromeDown syndrome
Other problems that may occur include tetralogy of Fallot and patent ductus arteriosus. People with Down syndrome have a lower ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Down_syndrome
1q21.1 duplication syndrome1q21.1 duplication syndrome
In case of a duplication of GJA5 tetralogy of Fallot is more common. In case of a deletion other congenital heart diseases than ... tetralogy of Fallot are more common. A. Ploeger; 'Towards an integration of evolutionary psychology and developmental science: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1q21.1_duplication_syndrome
1q21.1 deletion syndrome1q21.1 deletion syndrome
In case of a duplication of GJA5 tetralogy of Fallot is more common. In case of a deletion other congenital heart diseases than ... tetralogy of Fallot are more common. "Overview: 1q21.1 microdeletion syndrome". Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center ( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1q21.1_deletion_syndrome
John Maurice Hardman CampbellJohn Maurice Hardman Campbell
"Results of pulmonary valvotomy and infundibular resection in 100 Cases of Fallot's tetralogy". Br Med J. 2 (4880): 111-122. doi ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Maurice_Hardman_Campbell
Pulmonary agenesisPulmonary agenesis
... tetralogy of Fallot and anomalies of the great vessels. Although pulmonary agenesis, aplasia and hypoplasia are lethal ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_agenesis
Ectopia cordisEctopia cordis
Intracardiac defects Atrial septal defect Ventricular septal defect Tetralogy of Fallot Tricuspid atresia Double outlet right ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ectopia_cordis
List of circulatory system conditionsList of circulatory system conditions
Double aortic arch Double inlet left ventricle Double outlet right ventricle Ebstein's anomaly GUCH Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_circulatory_system_conditions
Percutaneous pulmonary valve implantationPercutaneous pulmonary valve implantation
Tetralogy of Fallot, or persistent truncus arteriosus. PPVI can also be used to replace dysfunctional artificial heart valves. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percutaneous_pulmonary_valve_implantation
C. Walton LilleheiC. Walton Lillehei
These operations included the first repairs of the atrioventricular canal and tetralogy of Fallot. In July of that year, a ... had begun successfully performing surgery on the great vessels around the heart to relieve the symptoms of tetralogy of Fallot ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C._Walton_Lillehei
Henry F. GilbertHenry F. Gilbert
He had a congenital heart condition known as Tetralogy of Fallot, and his case was published by White and Sprague in the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_F._Gilbert
TOFTOF
... mass spectrometry uses the time of flight of an ion in the gas phase to resolve its mass-to-charge ratio Tetralogy of Fallot, a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TOF
Congenital heart defectCongenital heart defect
Such defects include persistent truncus arteriosus, total anomalous pulmonary venous connection, tetralogy of Fallot, ... tetralogy of Fallot in 13% of cases), liver, eyes, face, and bones. Though less than 1% of all cases, where no defects are ... and tetralogy of Fallot are the most common congenital heart defects seen in the VACTERL association. Less common defects in ... Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) Pentalogy of Cantrell Shone's syndrome/ Shone's complex / Shone's anomaly CHD may require surgery and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_heart_defect
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorderFetal alcohol spectrum disorder
Ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, tetralogy of Fallot, coarctation of the aorta, and/or cardiac rhythm ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetal_alcohol_spectrum_disorder
List of fetal abnormalitiesList of fetal abnormalities
... valves Renal agenesis Rh incompatibility Sacrococcygeal teratoma Spina bifida Spinal dysraphism Syndactyly Tetralogy of Fallot ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fetal_abnormalities
Russell M. NelsonRussell M. Nelson
In March 1956, he performed the first successful pediatric cardiac operation at the SLGH, a total repair of tetralogy of Fallot ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_M._Nelson
Cri du chat syndromeCri du chat syndrome
... tetralogy of Fallot). Infertility is not associated with Cri du chat. It has also been observed that people with the condition ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cri_du_chat_syndrome
Atrial fibrillationAtrial fibrillation
In particular, people who had atrial septal defects, Tetralogy of Fallot, or Ebstein's anomaly, and those who underwent the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_fibrillation
MFSD6LMFSD6L
A disease associated with the MFSD6L gene is the Tetralogy of Fallot, which is a series of four congenital heart defects that ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MFSD6L
Major aortopulmonary collateral arteryMajor aortopulmonary collateral artery
Management of Tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia - contains angiographic images of MAPCAs. Maeda, Eriko; Masaaki ... Though it is usually associated with congenital heart diseases with decreased pulmonary blood flow like tetralogy of Fallot or ... Pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect (or Tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia) will result in the development ... Interactive videogame graphic showing repair of tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia - from Lucile Packard Children's ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_aortopulmonary_collateral_artery
Double outlet right ventricleDouble outlet right ventricle
... physiology resembles Tetralogy of Fallot in other forms of DORV, blood from both ventricles is substantially mixed in the RV, ... physiology resembles Tetralogy of Fallot DORV is treated with surgery.[citation needed] DORV affects between 1% and 3% of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_outlet_right_ventricle
DiGeorge syndromeDiGeorge syndrome
... tetralogy of Fallot, and ventricular septal defect) Cyanosis (bluish skin due to poor circulation of oxygen-rich blood) Palatal ... truncus arteriosus and tetralogy of Fallot) Abnormal facies Thymic aplasia or hypoplasia Cleft palate Hypocalcemia/ ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DiGeorge_syndrome
Atrioventricular septal defectAtrioventricular septal defect
Certain complications such as tetralogy of Fallot or highly unbalanced flow across the common AV valve can increase risk ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrioventricular_septal_defect
Jane SomervilleJane Somerville
... whose achievements in treating tetralogy of Fallot with the Blalock Taussig shunt, transformed the lives of children. The once ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Somerville
1p36 deletion syndrome1p36 deletion syndrome
... patients may have congenital heart defects ranging from cardiac septal defects to valvular anomalies and tetralogy of Fallot. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1p36_deletion_syndrome
List of ICD-9 codes 740-759: congenital anomaliesList of ICD-9 codes 740-759: congenital anomalies
... and anomalies of cardiac septal closure 745.0 Common truncus 745.1 Transposition of great vessels 745.2 Tetralogy of fallot ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ICD-9_codes_740–759:_congenital_anomalies
List of syndromesList of syndromes
... syndrome Tension myositis syndrome Terson syndrome Testicular dysgenesis syndrome Tetra-amelia syndrome Tetralogy of Fallot ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_syndromes
Protein signalling in heart developmentProtein signalling in heart development
... aortic and pulmonary valve stenosis or tetralogy of fallot. The heart valves are formed. Defects in this process are known as ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_signalling_in_heart_development
Tetralogy of Fallot - Care at Mayo Clinic - Mayo ClinicTetralogy of Fallot - Care at Mayo Clinic - Mayo Clinic
Tetralogy of Fallot care at Mayo Clinic. Your Mayo Clinic team. Mayo Clinic doctors treat people with all types of heart ... Innovative research. Mayo Clinic doctors conduct research in new diagnostic tests and treatments for tetralogy of Fallot and ... Advanced diagnosis and treatment. Mayo cardiovascular surgeons have experience and expertise treating tetralogy of Fallot and ... Each Mayo Clinic location offers care for adults with tetralogy of Fallot and other congenital heart diseases. ...
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/tetralogy-of-fallot/care-at-mayo-clinic/mac-20353486
Tetralogy of Fallot | NCBDDD | CDCTetralogy of Fallot | NCBDDD | CDC
Tetralogy of Fallot is in fact a spectrum of diseases and might be clinically severe or mild, depending on the degree of ... Key findings in tetralogy of Fallot:. *Stenosis at or below the pulmonary valve, or pulmonary valve atresia (absent pulmonary ... Tetralogy of Fallot - Documentation Checklist. Describe in detail the clinical and echocardiographic findings: *Anatomy - ... Tetralogy of Fallot is a structural heart anomaly characterized clinically by cyanosis, and anatomically by an obstructed right ...
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/birthdefects/surveillancemanual/quick-reference-handbook/tetralogy-of-fallot.html
Tetralogy of Fallot: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaTetralogy of Fallot: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
Tetralogy of Fallot is a type of congenital heart defect. Congenital means that it is present at birth. ... Tet; TOF; Congenital heart defect - tetralogy; Cyanotic heart disease - tetralogy; Birth defect - tetralogy ... Tetralogy of Fallot is rare, but it is the most common form of cyanotic congenital heart disease. It occurs equally as often in ... Surgery to repair tetralogy of Fallot is done when the infant is very young, typically before 6 months of age. Sometimes, more ...
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001567.htm
Tetralogy of Fallot - Mayo ClinicTetralogy of Fallot - Mayo Clinic
Tetralogy of Fallot is a combination of four congenital heart defects. The four defects are a ventricular septal defect (VSD), ...
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/tetralogy-of-fallot/multimedia/tetralogy-of-fallot/img-20005627
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) in Adults: Practice Essentials, Background, AnatomyTetralogy of Fallot (TOF) in Adults: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy
... because tetralogy of Fallot results in an inadequate flow of blood to the lungs for oxygenation (right-to-left shunt) (see the ... Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is one of the most common congenital heart disorders (CHDs). This condition is classified as a ... See also Tetralogy of Fallot With Pulmonary Stenosis, Tetralogy of Fallot With Pulmonary Atresia, and Tetralogy of Fallot With ... encoded search term (Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) in Adults) and Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) in Adults What to Read Next on Medscape ...
https://www.medscape.com/answers/2035949-167725/what-are-the-typical-features-of-tetralogy-of-fallot-tof
Tetralogy of Fallot With Absent Pulmonary Valve: Background, Pathophysiology, EtiologyTetralogy of Fallot With Absent Pulmonary Valve: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology
... with absent pulmonary valve is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by features of tetralogy of Fallot with either ... See Tetralogy of Fallot, Tetralogy of Fallot With Pulmonary Stenosis, and Tetralogy of Fallot With Pulmonary Atresia for more ... encoded search term (Tetralogy of Fallot With Absent Pulmonary Valve) and Tetralogy of Fallot With Absent Pulmonary Valve What ... However, tetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve is rare, with approximately 3% of patients with tetralogy of Fallot ...
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/899249-overview
Tetralogy of Fallot: Aidans Story | Childrens Hospital of PhiladelphiaTetralogy of Fallot: Aidan's Story | Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
From his prenatal diagnosis of tetralogy of Fallot, to treatment after birth and follow-up care, Aidan has benefited from the ... Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a congenital heart defect that can be diagnosed either before or after a baby is born. Learn more ... The diagnosis: Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Maria was 20 weeks pregnant when an ultrasound showed an irregularity in her babys ... When Ben was 2-years-old, he had open heart surgery to repair tetralogy of Fallot. Today, he is a happy and energetic boy. ...
https://www.chop.edu/stories/tetralogy-fallot-aidans-story
Tetralogy of Fallot - Pediatrics - Merck Manuals Professional EditionTetralogy of Fallot - Pediatrics - Merck Manuals Professional Edition
Tetralogy of Fallot - Etiology, pathophysiology, symptoms, signs, diagnosis & prognosis from the Merck Manuals - Medical ... Tetralogy of Fallot (see figure Tetralogy of Fallot Tetralogy of Fallot ) accounts for 7 to 10% of congenital heart anomalies. ... Pathophysiology of Tetralogy of Fallot The ventricular septal defect in tetralogy of Fallot is often described as a ... Tetralogy of Fallot By Lee B. Beerman , MD, Childrens Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh School of ...
https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pediatrics/congenital-cardiovascular-anomalies/tetralogy-of-fallot
What is Tetralogy of FallotWhat is Tetralogy of Fallot
Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) is a heart defect that features 4 main defects. Less blood will flow to the lungs so oxygen levels in ... Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) What is Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF)?. The heart is made up of 4 chambers. The lower two equal sized ... Tetralogy of Fallot is a heart condition that is named after the French doctor Etienne-Louis Arthur Fallot who described it in ... Babies born with Tetralogy of Fallot, often abbreviated to ToF, have less blood flowing to the lungs, meaning that the level of ...
https://www.tinytickers.org/support-info/what-is-chd/different-types-congenital-heart-defects/tetralogy-of-fallot/
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)
Tetralogy of Fallot is 4 congenital heart defects. This means that your child is born with them. These 4 problems occur ... Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). What is tetralogy of Fallot?. Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a set of 4 congenital heart defects that ... Key points about tetralogy of Fallot. * Tetralogy of Fallot is a set of 4 congenital heart defects. Children are born with this ... What causes tetralogy of Fallot?. Genes and family history may play a part in TOF. It may also be caused by Down syndrome or ...
https://healthlibrary.brighamandwomens.org/Library/DiseasesConditions/Pediatric/90,P01822
Tetralogy of Fallot in Cats: A Rare but Serious Birth DefectTetralogy of Fallot in Cats: A Rare but Serious Birth Defect
... ... "Tetralogy of Fallot." Vetstream.com. Web.. *DJ Brockman, DE Holt, JW Gaynor, and TE Theman. "Long-term Palliation of Tetralogy ... Tetralogy of Fallot is the most common of rare diseases that produce cyanosis as a main finding. It is said to make up 6% of ... Symptoms of Tetralogy of Fallot. While uncommon in dogs it is even less frequently reported in cats. Most cases are first seen ...
https://pethealthnetwork.com/cat-health/cat-diseases-conditions-a-z/tetralogy-fallot-cats-a-rare-serious-birth-defect
What you should know about tetralogy of Fallot and surgeryWhat you should know about tetralogy of Fallot and surgery
Can you explain the condition and treatment? Can I expect him to live a normal life? ANSWER: Tetralogy of Fallot is a ... Tetralogy of Fallot causes oxygen-poor blood to flow out of the heart and to the rest of the body, often resulting in babies ... Most tetralogy of Fallot children generally do well after surgery. The blood flow to the lungs is restored, and they are no ... Most people with tetralogy of Fallot will need a pulmonary valve replacement at some time in the future. The age when this ...
https://observerxtra.com/2021/11/18/what-you-should-know-about-tetralogy-of-fallot-and-surgery/
Outlier-based identification of copy number variations using targeted resequencing in a small cohort of patients with tetralogy...Outlier-based identification of copy number variations using targeted resequencing in a small cohort of patients with tetralogy...
... identification of copy number variations using targeted resequencing in a small cohort of patients with tetralogy of fallot ... HapMap exome samples and subsequently applied both methods to targeted resequencing data of patients with Tetralogy of Fallot ( ...
https://www.mdc-berlin.de/research/publications/outlier-based-identification-copy-number-variations-using-targeted
The anatomy of tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary stenosis.<...
Anderson, R. H., & Jacobs, M. L. (2008). The anatomy of tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary stenosis. Cardiology in the young, ... The anatomy of tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary stenosis. Cardiology in the young. 2008 Dec;18 Suppl 3:12-21. doi: 10.1017/ ... Anderson, Robert H. ; Jacobs, Marshall L. / The anatomy of tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary stenosis. In: Cardiology in the ... Anderson, RH & Jacobs, ML 2008, The anatomy of tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary stenosis., Cardiology in the young, vol. 18 ...
https://jhu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/the-anatomy-of-tetralogy-of-fallot-with-pulmonary-stenosis-4
UMN Medical School Researchers Study the Long-Term Effects of Tetralogy of Fallot | Medical School - University of MinnesotaUMN Medical School Researchers Study the Long-Term Effects of Tetralogy of Fallot | Medical School - University of Minnesota
This project was in collaboration with researchers at Emory University.Tetralogy of Fallot is a birth defect that affects ... School researchers evaluated the long-term survival rate of patients with a very serious cardiac defect called tetralogy of ... Tetralogy of Fallot is a birth defect that affects normal blood flow through the heart. This heart defect can cause reduced ... Infants with tetralogy of Fallot can have a bluish-looking skin color, called cyanosis, because their blood doesnt carry ...
https://med.umn.edu/news-events/umn-medical-school-researchers-study-long-term-effects-tetralogy-fallot
External Compression of the Abdominal Aorta Reversing Tetralogy of Fallot Cyanotic Crisis | Anesthesiology | American Society...External Compression of the Abdominal Aorta Reversing Tetralogy of Fallot Cyanotic Crisis | Anesthesiology | American Society...
External Compression of the Abdominal Aorta Reversing Tetralogy of Fallot Cyanotic Crisis Philippe L. Baele, M.D.; Philippe L. ... Anesthetic Management of Tetralogy of Fallot with Absent Pulmonary Valve Anesthesiology (May 1989) ... External Compression of the Abdominal Aorta Reversing Tetralogy of Fallot Cyanotic Crisis. Anesthesiology 1991; 75:146-148 doi ...
https://pubs.asahq.org/anesthesiology/article/75/1/146/32079/External-Compression-of-the-Abdominal-Aorta
Tetralogy of Fallot (Fallot Tetralogy): Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment - SymptomaTetralogy of Fallot (Fallot Tetralogy): Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment - Symptoma
Tetralogy of Fallot (Fallot Tetralogy): Read more about Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, Complications, Causes and Prognosis. ... Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a congenital disorder of the heart. It is made up of four anatomical malformations, hence the ... Fallot Tetralogy Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a congenital disorder of the heart. It is made up of four anatomical ... Tetralogy of Fallot is a common congenital heart disorder. It is a cyanotic heart disease and is the most common cause of blue ...
https://www.symptoma.com/en/info/tetralogy-of-fallot
ESC 365 - Right ventricular apical bulging in repaired tetralogy of Fallot with severe pulmonary regurgitationESC 365 - Right ventricular apical bulging in repaired tetralogy of Fallot with severe pulmonary regurgitation
Right ventricular apical bulging in repaired tetralogy of Fallot with severe pulmonary regurgitation. ...
https://esc365.escardio.org/presentation/182406?resource=slide
Exploring the cause of conduction delays in patients with repaired Tetralogy of Fallot<...
Exploring the cause of conduction delays in patients with repaired Tetralogy of Fallot. EP Europace. 2021 Mar 1;23:I105-I112. ... Exploring the cause of conduction delays in patients with repaired Tetralogy of Fallot. In: EP Europace. 2021 ; Vol. 23. pp. ... Exploring the cause of conduction delays in patients with repaired Tetralogy of Fallot. / Verzaal, N.J.; Masse, S.; Downar, E. ... N2 - Aim Cardiac dyssynchrony in patients with repaired Tetralogy of Fallot (rToF) has been attributed to right bundle branch ...
https://cris.maastrichtuniversity.nl/en/publications/exploring-the-cause-of-conduction-delays-in-patients-with-repaire
Low-frequency intermediate penetrance variants in the ROCK1 gene predispose to Tetralogy of Fallot - Wellcome Centre for Human...
Low-frequency intermediate penetrance variants in the ROCK1 gene predispose to Tetralogy of Fallot ... Low-frequency intermediate penetrance variants in the ROCK1 gene predispose to Tetralogy of Fallot ...
https://www.well.ox.ac.uk/publications/407855
Prenatal images of left hemitruncus in tetralogy of fallot with an absent pulmonary valve<...
Tsukimori, K, Morihana, E, Fusazaki, N & Fujita, Y 2013, Prenatal images of left hemitruncus in tetralogy of fallot with an ... Tsukimori, K., Morihana, E., Fusazaki, N., & Fujita, Y. (2013). Prenatal images of left hemitruncus in tetralogy of fallot with ... Prenatal images of left hemitruncus in tetralogy of fallot with an absent pulmonary valve. Pediatric Cardiology. 2013 Jun;34(5 ... Prenatal images of left hemitruncus in tetralogy of fallot with an absent pulmonary valve. In: Pediatric Cardiology. 2013 ; Vol ...
https://kyushu-u.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/prenatal-images-of-left-hemitruncus-in-tetralogy-of-fallot-with-a
Tetralogy of Fallot With Pulmonary Stenosis Differential DiagnosesTetralogy of Fallot With Pulmonary Stenosis Differential Diagnoses
... with pulmonary stenosis is the common form of tetralogy of Fallot, and it is the focus of this article. Tetralogy of Fallot is ... encoded search term (Tetralogy of Fallot With Pulmonary Stenosis) and Tetralogy of Fallot With Pulmonary Stenosis What to Read ... Direct vision intracardiac surgical correction of the tetralogy of Fallot, pentalogy of Fallot, and pulmonary atresia defects; ... Treatment of Fallots tetralogy in children under 1 year of age]. Rozhl Chir. 1962 Mar. 41:181-3. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. ...
https://emedicine.staging.medscape.com/article/2063480-differential
IMSEAR at SEARO: Tetralogy of Fallot--clinical profile.
Tetralogy of Fallot--clinical profile. Indian Heart Journal. 1972 Jan; 24(1): 14-9. ...
https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/2872?locale=es
4mos Tetralogy of Fallot, s/p BT shunt | NIH 3D Print Exchange4mos Tetralogy of Fallot, s/p BT shunt | NIH 3D Print Exchange
4 mos male, 3.95kg, 47.6cm, 0.24m^2 Tetralogy of Fallot, Right aortic arch, s/p 3.5 mm BT Shunt. Image Description: 5 mL of ... 4mos Tetralogy of Fallot, s/p BT shunt. .shs-wrapper-processed { display:flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; } .shs- ...
https://3dprint.nih.gov/discover/3dpx-001684
Tetralogy of Fallot - Ethos Veterinary HealthTetralogy of Fallot - Ethos Veterinary Health
Tetralogy of Fallot. September 30, 2016 Tetralogy of Fallot is an uncommon congenital cardiac abnormality that can affect both ... In some cases of Tetralogy of Fallot, the pulmonic stenosis is so great, that the easiest path for the blood to take is from ...
https://www.ethosvet.com/blog-post/tetralogy-of-fallot/
Our Little Braveheart | Surviving Tetralogy of FallotOur Little Braveheart | Surviving Tetralogy of Fallot
As with most Tetralogy of Fallot patients, he has leakage in his pulmonary valve. Weve always been told that its possible he ... I will say that I am very grateful that there is a generation of adults ahead of Jake who are living with Tetralogy of Fallot. ... Tagged as CHD, CHD Awareness Week, congenital heart defect, congenital heart disease, heart defect, Tetralogy of Fallot. ... It was then that we discovered Jake had a congenital heart defect called Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). ...
https://ourlittlebraveheart.com/
Tetralogy of Fallot | Cyanotic Heart Disease | Geeky MedicsTetralogy of Fallot | Cyanotic Heart Disease | Geeky Medics
A summary of Tetralogy of Fallot including pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical features (symptoms, signs), key ... Tetralogy of Fallot diagram.. Development of Tetralogy of Fallot. The development of Tetralogy of Fallot begins in utero and is ... Causes of Tetralogy of Fallot. There is no single cause for Tetralogy of Fallot. Instead, the development of TOF is ... A, W., Tetralogy of Fallot- antenatal. Case Study Radiopaedia 2020.. *Lee, W., et al., Tetralogy of Fallot: prenatal diagnosis ...
https://geekymedics.com/tetralogy-of-fallot/
Duodenal atresia tetralogy of Fallot - Rare Psychiatry NewsDuodenal atresia tetralogy of Fallot - Rare Psychiatry News
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct. ...
https://www.rarepsychiatrynews.com/rarediseases/duodenal-atresia-tetralogy-of-fallot/
Tetralogy of Fallot in Children | NYU Langone HealthTetralogy of Fallot in Children | NYU Langone Health
Pediatric Congenital Heart Program at Hassenfeld Childrens Hospital at NYU Langone treat children who have tetralogy of Fallot ... Treatment for Tetralogy of Fallot. Babies diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot require a series of heart surgeries, referred to ... Diagnosing Tetralogy of Fallot. Tetralogy of Fallot is often detected before birth during a prenatal ultrasound or fetal ... Tetralogy of Fallot in Children. Facebook. Opens in a new tab Twitter. Opens in a new tab ...
https://universal.nyulangone.org/conditions/tetralogy-of-fallot-in-children
plastic injection mold defects images tetralogy of fallot brainplastic injection mold defects images tetralogy of fallot brain
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) , Johns Hopkins Medicine. Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a combination of ... Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) , Johns Hopkins Medicine. Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a combination of ... Tetralogy of Fallot , NCBDDD , CDC. Mar 30, 2021·Tetralogy of Fallot is a structural heart anomaly characterized clinically by ... Congenital Heart Defects: Tetralogy of Fallot - Childrens Health .... The four problems caused by tetralogy of Fallot include ...
https://www.isarkarinokari.com/custom2/11880/plastic-injection-mold-defects-images-tetralogy-of-fallot-brain.html
DiagnosisCase of tetralogy of falCoarctation of thFindings in tetralogyFeatures of tetralogyEtienne-Louis Arthur FallotChild with tetralogyAorticSymptomsAbsent pulmonary valveCyanoticDefectsAdultsAtrialPatientsSeptalPediatricAnomaliesCyanosisCardiologyFlowing to the lungsPulmonary valve replacementRepairTransannularRight ventricleAdulthoodAnomalyCongenital cardiacOxygenRefersBabiesHeart surgeryUncommonClinical trialsPrenatalSurgeryBloodGeneticAnatomyBirthOutflowOutcomes
Diagnosis1
Case of tetralogy of fal1
  • We report a case of tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia, total anomalous pulmonary venous return, complete atrioventricular septal defects, absence of central pulmonary arteries and a double aortic arch. (researchwithrutgers.com)
Coarctation of th1
  • 10 microns and sulfur dioxide with coarctation of the aorta, tetralogy of Fallot and atrial septal defects. (cdc.gov)
Findings in tetralogy1
  • Anatomic findings in tetralogy of Fallot are depicted. (medscape.com)
Features of tetralogy2
  • Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) with absent pulmonary valve is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by features of tetralogy of Fallot with either rudimentary ridges or the complete absence of pulmonic valve tissue and usually with a hypoplastic pulmonary valve annulus. (medscape.com)
  • Drawing showing absence of the pulmonary valve with features of tetralogy of Fallot. (medscape.com)
Etienne-Louis Arthur Fallot1
  • The syndrome is named for French physician Etienne-Louis Arthur Fallot, M.D., who first published a description of the defect in 1888. (observerxtra.com)
Child with tetralogy2
  • If a child with tetralogy of Fallot becomes blue, immediately place the child on their side or back and put the knees up to the chest. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Compared with a normal heart, the heart in a child with tetralogy of Fallot has several changes that affect blood flow and make it difficult for blood to receive enough oxygen. (nyulangone.org)
Aortic3
  • Tetralogy of Fallot and right-sided aortic arch configuration was noted. (springeropen.com)
  • The aortic valve overrides the interventricular septum in this heart with tetralogy of Fallot. (ipccc.net)
  • Postoperative transcatheter intervention was needed in 2 patients (1.8%): one for dilatation of aortic arch stenosis after repair of hypoplastic left heart syndrome with equine pericardium and one for dilatation of pulmonary artery branches after repair of tetralogy of Fallot using bovine pericardium. (autotissue.de)
Symptoms4
  • [ 1 , 2 ] Some patients who never underwent surgery for mild tetralogy during childhood may present as adults with a variety of symptoms, and other patients who may only have had a palliative procedure (eg, shunt placement) can also present as adults. (medscape.com)
  • What are the symptoms of tetralogy of Fallot? (brighamandwomens.org)
  • Wide variation in the basic anatomic morphology, pathophysiology, clinical signs and symptoms, and surgical methods of therapy is noted for tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). (medscape.com)
  • There was also a background of tetralogy of Fallot(TOF) with symptoms of chronic breathlessness and palpitations. (springeropen.com)
Absent pulmonary valve2
  • However, tetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve is rare, with approximately 3% of patients with tetralogy of Fallot having the absent pulmonary valve syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • Etiologic factors for tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) with absent pulmonary valve are not known in most cases. (medscape.com)
Cyanotic6
  • Tetralogy of Fallot is rare, but it is the most common form of cyanotic congenital heart disease. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Tetralogy of Fallot is the most common cause of cyanotic heart disease and may occur at a rate of 1-3 cases per 1000 live births. (medscape.com)
  • We evaluated our outlier- based method in comparison to the CNV calling tool CoNIFER using eight HapMap exome samples and subsequently applied both methods to targeted resequencing data of patients with Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease. (mdc-berlin.de)
  • Stenting of the right ventricular outflow tract in the high-risk infant with cyanotic teratology of Fallot. (medscape.com)
  • Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD) presenting after the neonatal period 1,2 . (geekymedics.com)
  • Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease and the population of ToF repair survivors is growing rapidly. (biomedcentral.com)
Defects13
  • People with tetralogy of Fallot are more likely to also have other congenital defects. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Children with tetralogy of Fallot are more likely to have chromosome disorders, such as Down syndrome, Alagille syndrome, and DiGeorge syndrome (a condition that causes heart defects, low calcium levels, and poor immune function). (medlineplus.gov)
  • Tetralogy of Fallot is a combination of four congenital heart defects. (mayoclinic.org)
  • Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a set of 4 congenital heart defects that occur together. (brighamandwomens.org)
  • Doctors at Johns Hopkins were the first to devise a procedure to place a shunt to bypass cardiac defects related to tetralogy of Fallot and redirect unoxygenated blood directly to the lungs. (observerxtra.com)
  • Therefore, Tetralogy of Fallot is characterised by four defects. (geekymedics.com)
  • Lesions include Tetralogy of Fallot, atrial septal defect and ventricular septal defects. (geekymedics.com)
  • Babies diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot require a series of heart surgeries , referred to as complete repair, to treat the defects associated with this condition. (nyulangone.org)
  • Elastron TPE- plastic injection mold defects images tetralogy of fallot brain ,Increase the melt temperature: If two different flows meet together and are colder than normal, weld lines will appear. (isarkarinokari.com)
  • Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a combination of four congenital (present at birth) heart defects that affect infants and children. (isarkarinokari.com)
  • The most common congenital defects in horses are ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, tetralogy of Fallot, and tricuspid dysplasia. (msdvetmanual.com)
  • Direct vision intracardiac surgical correction of the Tetralogy of Fallot, Pentalogy of Fallot and pulmonary atresia defects. (ijsurgery.com)
  • Tetralogy of Fallot is a rare combination of four defects that required her to undergo surgery as a baby and to be examined regularly by a cardiologist. (empoweredtoserve.org)
Adults5
  • Doctors in the Center for Congenital Heart Disease at Mayo Clinic's campus in Minnesota treat children and adults with tetralogy of Fallot and other congenital heart diseases. (mayoclinic.org)
  • Each Mayo Clinic location offers care for adults with tetralogy of Fallot and other congenital heart diseases. (mayoclinic.org)
  • About half of all tetralogy of Fallot patients develop heart rhythm problems as adults, and they may need a pacemaker or defibrillator. (observerxtra.com)
  • Arya S, Kovach J, Singh H, Karpawich PP. Arrhythmias and sudden death among older children and young adults following tetralogy of Fallot repair in the current era: are previously reported risk factors still applicable? (medscape.com)
  • I will say that I am very grateful that there is a generation of adults ahead of Jake who are living with Tetralogy of Fallot. (ourlittlebraveheart.com)
Atrial3
  • To compare trans-atrial/Trans-pulmonary and trans-annular/trans-ventricular techniques of surgical correction of tetralogy of fallot. (pafmj.org)
  • Fifteen years' experience of Tetralogy of fallot corrections at AFIC-NIHD indicates that Trans-atrial / Trans-pulmonary approach is more beneficial to patients due to high survival rate, less morbidity, less hospital stay and an early discharge. (pafmj.org)
  • Right atrial approach for surgical correction of tetrology of Fallot. (ijsurgery.com)
Patients15
  • The mortality rate in untreated patients reaches 50% by age 6 years, but in the present era of cardiac surgery, children with simple forms of tetralogy of Fallot enjoy good long-term survival with an excellent quality of life. (medscape.com)
  • Although the classic boot-shaped heart ( coeur en sabot ) is the hallmark of the disorder in infants, this shape of the heart may not be seen in adult patients. (medscape.com)
  • MINNEAPOLIS, MN- December 19, 2018 - University of Minnesota Medical School researchers evaluated the long-term survival rate of patients with a very serious cardiac defect called tetralogy of Fallot. (umn.edu)
  • In a cohort study funded by a grant from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), researchers studied nearly 3,300 patients who had surgery which repaired their tetralogy of Fallot. (umn.edu)
  • Researchers found the overall survival of patients in the database of tetralogy of Fallot surgery was almost 95 percent over 25 years, but there were survival differences among patients. (umn.edu)
  • Aim Cardiac dyssynchrony in patients with repaired Tetralogy of Fallot (rToF) has been attributed to right bundle branch block (RBBB), fibrosis and/or the patches that are inserted during repair surgery. (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
  • Shah RR, Poommipanit P, Law MA, Amin Z. Anchor balloon, buddy wire, and wire and sheath techniques to deploy percutaneous pulmonary valves in tetralogy of fallot patients. (medscape.com)
  • Nollert G, Fischlein T, Bouterwek S, Bohmer C, Klinner W, Reichart B. Long-term survival in patients with repair of tetralogy of Fallot: 36-year follow-up of 490 survivors of the first year after surgical repair. (medscape.com)
  • Contemporary predictors of death and sustained ventricular tachycardia in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot enrolled in the INDICATOR cohort. (medscape.com)
  • As with most Tetralogy of Fallot patients, he has leakage in his pulmonary valve. (ourlittlebraveheart.com)
  • The aim of the study was to assess the hemodynamic impact and prognostic relevance of RV pressure load in a population of patients following tetralogy of Fallot repair. (thechipnetwork.org)
  • Relation between right ventricular enlargement, QRS duration, and right ventricular function in patients with tetralogy of Fallot and pulmonary regurgitation after surgical repair. (ijsurgery.com)
  • Long-term outcome in patients undergoing surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot. (ijsurgery.com)
  • Background: Ventricular tachycardia (VT) in patients following tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) repair is challenging to map because of the presence of scar, patch material, and hemodynamic residua of surgery. (elsevier.com)
  • Background: Studies suggest that right ventricular (RV) fibrosis is associated with RV remodeling and long-term outcomes in patients with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). (mssm.edu)
Septal7
  • Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) (pronounced te-tral-uh-jee of Fal-oh), one of the most common congenital heart disorders, comprises right ventricular (RV) outflow tract obstruction (RVOTO) (infundibular stenosis), ventricular septal defect (VSD), aorta dextroposition (overriding aorta), and RV hypertrophy (see the image below). (medscape.com)
  • Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) consists of a malalignment ventricular septal defect (VSD), infundibular pulmonary stenosis, overriding aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH). (medscape.com)
  • Tetralogy of Fallot consists of 4 features: a large ventricular septal defect, right ventricular outflow tract obstruction and pulmonic valve stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy, and over-riding of the aorta. (merckmanuals.com)
  • The ventricular septal defect in tetralogy of Fallot is often described as a malalignment type, since the conal septum is displaced anteriorly. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Other conditions to consider when evaluating a patient with suspected Tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary stenosis include acute anemia, asthma and reactive airway disease, bacteremia and sepsis, cardiogenic shock, Ebstein malformation of the tricuspid valve, pseudotruncus arteriosus, pulmonary atresia, septic shock, and ventricular septal defect (VSD). (medscape.com)
  • Home 1 / IPCCC Structure 2 / 01.01.20 - Atrioventricular septal defect and tetralogy of Fallot. (ipccc.net)
  • IPCCC Definition A congenital cardiac malformation with both an atrioventricular septal defect (atrioventricular canal defect) and tetralogy of Fallot. (ipccc.net)
Pediatric6
  • Mayo Clinic cardiologists, pediatric cardiologists and cardiac surgeons have extensive experience diagnosing and treating people with tetralogy of Fallot and other congenital heart diseases. (mayoclinic.org)
  • After the fetal echocardiography, pediatric cardiologist Shobha Natarajan, MD , confirmed that the baby did have tetralogy of Fallot. (chop.edu)
  • Long-term Outcomes of Tetralogy of Fallot: A Study From the Pediatric Cardiac Care Consortium," published in JAMA Cardiology, is one of several papers published looking at pediatric mortality. (umn.edu)
  • Our team at the Pediatric Congenital Heart Program , part of Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU Langone , includes pediatric cardiac surgeons, cardiologists, anesthesiologists, and cardiothoracic nurse practitioners who are experts in the care of children who have tetralogy of Fallot. (nyulangone.org)
  • All babies with tetralogy of Fallot are closely monitored by our team at the Pediatric Congenital Heart Program, who develop a treatment plan based on your baby's individual needs. (nyulangone.org)
  • As they grow, children with tetralogy of Fallot are closely followed by our team at the Pediatric Congenital Heart Program, and as they get older, through the Congenital Heart Transition Program . (nyulangone.org)
Anomalies1
  • BAE is effective even in presence of underlying vascular anomalies such as Fallot of Tetralogy. (springeropen.com)
Cyanosis4
  • In some children with unrepaired tetralogy of Fallot, most often those several months up to 2 years of age, sudden episodes of profound cyanosis and hypoxia (hypercyanotic or "tet" spells) may occur, which may be lethal. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Tetralogy of Fallot is the most common of rare diseases that produce cyanosis as a main finding. (pethealthnetwork.com)
  • Infants with tetralogy of Fallot can have a bluish-looking skin color, called cyanosis, because their blood doesn't carry enough oxygen. (umn.edu)
  • Fallot A. Contribution to the pathological anatomy of the blue disease (cardiac cyanosis), Marseille. (ijsurgery.com)
Cardiology1
  • As a result, many children with repaired tetralogy of Fallot survive into adulthood and are seen at cardiology clinics. (medscape.com)
Flowing to the lungs1
  • Babies born with Tetralogy of Fallot, often abbreviated to ToF, have less blood flowing to the lungs, meaning that the level of oxygen in their blood is low. (tinytickers.org)
Pulmonary valve replacement1
  • Most people with tetralogy of Fallot will need a pulmonary valve replacement at some time in the future. (observerxtra.com)
Repair12
  • Cardiovascular surgeons have experience performing intracardiac repair surgery - a procedure that improves and redirects blood flow in the heart so that blood flows in the correct direction - to treat tetralogy of Fallot. (mayoclinic.org)
  • Surgery to repair tetralogy of Fallot is done when the infant is very young, typically before 6 months of age. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The patient's oxygenation status, serum lactate levels, and base excess value appear to be prognostic markers for mortality in those undergoing surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot. (medscape.com)
  • Effect of transannular patching on outcome after repair of tetralogy of Fallot. (medscape.com)
  • Low incidence of arrhythmias in the right ventricular infundibulum sparing approach to tetralogy of Fallot repair. (medscape.com)
  • Gellis L, Banka P, Marshall A, Emani S, Porras D. Transcatheter balloon dilation for recurrent right ventricular outflow tract obstruction following valve-sparing repair of tetralogy of Fallot. (medscape.com)
  • Right ventricular outflow tract stenting in tetralogy of Fallot infants with risk factors for early primary repair. (medscape.com)
  • Hill G. Repair and follow-up of Tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary stenosis. (medscape.com)
  • Background: Recent data have demonstrated that overall mortality and adverse events are not significantly different for primary repair (PR) and staged repair (SR) approaches to management of neonates with symptomatic tetralogy of Fallot (sTOF). (uab.edu)
  • Fatal arrhythmia late after repair of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is related to right ventricular volume load caused by pulmonary valve regurgitation (PR). (jspccs.jp)
  • Transatrial transpulmonary repair of tetrology of Fallot. (ijsurgery.com)
  • Early results after transatrial/ transpulmonary repair of tetralogy of Fallot. (ijsurgery.com)
Transannular2
  • The objective of this study was to evaluate the early and mid-term outcome of total correction of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) done through transatrial approach avoiding ventriculotomy with or without transannular patching. (ijsurgery.com)
  • Tetralogy of Fallot: transannular and right ventricular patching equally affect late functional status. (ijsurgery.com)
Right ventricle1
  • In some cases of Tetralogy of Fallot, the pulmonic stenosis is so great, that the easiest path for the blood to take is from the right ventricle, through the hole in the septum to the left ventricle and out the aorta. (ethosvet.com)
Adulthood1
  • Most people with tetralogy of Fallot are diagnosed in infancy, but in rare cases the condition is not detected until adulthood. (nyulangone.org)
Anomaly1
  • The term "tetralogy" refers to the four main features of the anomaly, but it is actually due to a single defect. (observerxtra.com)
Congenital cardiac1
  • Tetralogy of Fallot is an uncommon congenital cardiac abnormality that can affect both cats and dogs. (ethosvet.com)
Oxygen5
  • Pulse oximetry, available in many nurseries, is a helpful initial tool to screen for low blood oxygenation, though not specifically for tetralogy of Fallot as there are many causes of low oxygen saturation in the newborn, including sepsis, lung disease and a variety of CHDs. (cdc.gov)
  • Tetralogy of Fallot causes low oxygen levels in the blood. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Some babies with Tetralogy may also have "spells" - caused by a sudden drop in the oxygen level of the blood. (tinytickers.org)
  • Tetralogy of Fallot causes oxygen-poor blood to flow out of the heart and to the rest of the body, often resulting in babies having blue-tinged skin because their blood doesn't carry enough oxygen. (observerxtra.com)
  • Our doctors are among the most skilled in the country at treating babies born with tetralogy of Fallot, a congenital heart defect that has an impact on the way blood moves from the heart to the lungs and makes it difficult for blood to receive enough oxygen. (nyulangone.org)
Refers2
Babies2
  • Most babies diagnosed with Tetralogy of Fallot will not need immediate treatment so can be discharged as normal, soon after birth. (tinytickers.org)
  • There are tetralogy babies who have sufficient blood flow to the lungs, and these babies are commonly termed "pink tets. (observerxtra.com)
Heart surgery3
  • Three days later, Aidan had open heart surgery to treat his tetralogy of Fallot. (chop.edu)
  • Due to the issues caused by tetralogy of Fallot, your grandson will need heart surgery, though the timing will depend on the specifics of his situation. (observerxtra.com)
  • Beau Casson: Tetralogy of Fallot, Heart Surgery and Meeting Ajmal Shahzad! (wordpress.com)
Uncommon1
  • An uncommon cardiac defect called "Tetralogy of Fallot" is a devastating birth defect of cats 1 . (pethealthnetwork.com)
Clinical trials1
  • Mayo Clinic doctors conduct research in new diagnostic tests and treatments for tetralogy of Fallot and conduct clinical trials. (mayoclinic.org)
Prenatal1
  • Tetralogy of Fallot is often detected before birth during a prenatal ultrasound or fetal echocardiogram , a scan that provides a detailed picture of your child's beating heart in the womb. (nyulangone.org)
Surgery2
  • However, it is important to understand that corrective surgery for tetralogy of Fallot performed in childhood is not curative surgery. (medscape.com)
  • Most tetralogy of Fallot children generally do well after surgery. (observerxtra.com)
Blood2
  • Several cases of polycythemia (excess red blood cells) have been associated with Tetralogy of Fallot. (pethealthnetwork.com)
  • Tetralogy of Fallot is a birth defect that affects normal blood flow through the heart. (umn.edu)
Genetic2
  • A common genetic condition with tetralogy of Fallot (seen in about 15-20 % of cases) is deletion 22q11, a condition in which a small part of chromosome 22 is missing. (cdc.gov)
  • However, Tetralogy of Fallot is associated with various genetic conditions . (geekymedics.com)
Anatomy2
  • The anatomy of tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary stenosis. (elsevier.com)
  • Anderson RH, Weinberg PM. The clinical anatomy of tetralogy of Fallot. (ijsurgery.com)
Birth1
  • He was diagnosed with Tetralogy of Fallot antenatally and was born at term (a normal vaginal birth). (symptoma.com)
Outflow1
  • Tetralogy of Fallot is in fact a spectrum of diseases and might be clinically severe or mild, depending on the degree of obstruction in the right ventricular outflow tract. (cdc.gov)
Outcomes1
  • Challenges and outcomes of pregnancy in an uncorrected Tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia and major aorta-pulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCA): a case report. (bvsalud.org)
Tetralogy of Fallot - Care at Mayo Clinic - Mayo Clinic
Tetralogy of Fallot - Care at Mayo Clinic - Mayo Clinic (mayoclinic.org)
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) in Adults: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) in Adults: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy (medscape.com)
(emedicine.medscape.com)
Tetralogy of Fallot With Absent Pulmonary Valve: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology
Tetralogy of Fallot With Absent Pulmonary Valve: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology (emedicine.medscape.com)
Racial Differences by Gestational Age in Neonatal Deaths Attributable to Congenital Heart Defects --- United States, 2003--2006
Racial Differences by Gestational Age in Neonatal Deaths Attributable to Congenital Heart Defects --- United States, 2003--2006 (cdc.gov)
Data & Statistics on Birth Defects | CDC
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Learn about Specific Birth Defects | CDC
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Birth Defects | Tracking | NCEH | CDC
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5.5 Coding of Congenital Anomalies | Birth Defects Surveillance Toolkit | CDC
5.5 Coding of Congenital Anomalies | Birth Defects Surveillance Toolkit | CDC (cdc.gov)
Ventricular Fibrillation: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology
Ventricular Fibrillation: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology (medscape.com)
Tetralogy of Fallot: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
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Down Syndrome Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination, Complications
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Sudden Cardiac Death: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology
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Pediatric Apnea: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology
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Tetralogy of Fallot: Aidan's Story | Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Tetralogy of Fallot: Aidan's Story | Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (chop.edu)
Handbook for Civil Aviation Medical Examiners - TP 13312
Handbook for Civil Aviation Medical Examiners - TP 13312 (tc.canada.ca)
Ventricular Tachycardia: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology
Ventricular Tachycardia: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology (medscape.com)
Pulmonary Atresia With Ventricular Septal Defect Differential Diagnoses
Pulmonary Atresia With Ventricular Septal Defect Differential Diagnoses (emedicine.medscape.com)
Alagille syndrome: MedlinePlus Genetics
Alagille syndrome: MedlinePlus Genetics (medlineplus.gov)
Dr. Elizabeth De Oliveira, MD | Cardiology in Pasadena, CA | Healthline FindCare
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How Can VATER Syndrome Effect Toddlers? - FamilyEducation
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Congenital Heart Disease | Congenital Heart Defects | MedlinePlus
Congenital Heart Disease | Congenital Heart Defects | MedlinePlus (medlineplus.gov)
Urine Tumor Markers in Bladder Cancer Diagnosis: Overview of Urine Tumor Markers, Genetic Aberrations in Bladder Cancer,...
Urine Tumor Markers in Bladder Cancer Diagnosis: Overview of Urine Tumor Markers, Genetic Aberrations in Bladder Cancer,... (medscape.com)
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Congenital Heart Defects - Types | NHLBI, NIH
Congenital Heart Defects - Types | NHLBI, NIH (nhlbi.nih.gov)
Pulmonary Regurgitation (Pulmonic Regurgitation): Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology
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