AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsInformation Science
TestisRete TestisSpermatogenesisSertoli CellsCryptorchidismLeydig CellsSpermatidsSpermatozoaSpermatogoniaEpididymisSeminiferous EpitheliumTesticular DiseasesTestosteroneSpermatocytesTesticular NeoplasmsSperm CountOrgan SizeSpermatic Cord TorsionInfertility, MaleGerm CellsOrchitisGenitalia, MaleSexual MaturationScrotumMolecular Sequence DataRNA, MessengerBlood-Testis BarrierTissue DistributionSex DifferentiationOrgan SpecificityAmino Acid SequenceBase SequenceImmunohistochemistryOrchiectomyOvarySex-Determining Region Y ProteinFertilitySeminal VesiclesDNA, ComplementarySex Determination ProcessesFollicle Stimulating HormoneGonadsSertoli Cell TumorIn Situ HybridizationOrchiopexyDibutyl PhthalateReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalRats, Sprague-DawleyBlotting, NorthernCloning, MolecularSperm MotilityLuteinizing HormoneSeminomaTesticular HormonesGene ExpressionSperm MaturationVaricoceleSpermatic CordMeiosisInhibinsSOX9 Transcription FactorGenes, sryDiethylhexyl PhthalateReproduction
Testis: The male gonad containing two functional parts: the SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES for the production and transport of male germ cells (SPERMATOGENESIS) and the interstitial compartment containing LEYDIG CELLS that produce ANDROGENS.Rete Testis: The network of channels formed at the termination of the straight SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES in the mediastinum testis. Rete testis channels drain into the efferent ductules that pass into the caput EPIDIDYMIS.Spermatogenesis: The process of germ cell development in the male from the primordial germ cells, through SPERMATOGONIA; SPERMATOCYTES; SPERMATIDS; to the mature haploid SPERMATOZOA.Sertoli Cells: Supporting cells projecting inward from the basement membrane of SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES. They surround and nourish the developing male germ cells and secrete ANDROGEN-BINDING PROTEIN and hormones such as ANTI-MULLERIAN HORMONE. The tight junctions of Sertoli cells with the SPERMATOGONIA and SPERMATOCYTES provide a BLOOD-TESTIS BARRIER.Cryptorchidism: A developmental defect in which a TESTIS or both TESTES failed to descend from high in the ABDOMEN to the bottom of the SCROTUM. Testicular descent is essential to normal SPERMATOGENESIS which requires temperature lower than the BODY TEMPERATURE. Cryptorchidism can be subclassified by the location of the maldescended testis.Leydig Cells: Steroid-producing cells in the interstitial tissue of the TESTIS. They are under the regulation of PITUITARY HORMONES; LUTEINIZING HORMONE; or interstitial cell-stimulating hormone. TESTOSTERONE is the major androgen (ANDROGENS) produced.Spermatids: Male germ cells derived from the haploid secondary SPERMATOCYTES. Without further division, spermatids undergo structural changes and give rise to SPERMATOZOA.Spermatozoa: Mature male germ cells derived from SPERMATIDS. As spermatids move toward the lumen of the SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES, they undergo extensive structural changes including the loss of cytoplasm, condensation of CHROMATIN into the SPERM HEAD, formation of the ACROSOME cap, the SPERM MIDPIECE and the SPERM TAIL that provides motility.Spermatogonia: Euploid male germ cells of an early stage of SPERMATOGENESIS, derived from prespermatogonia. With the onset of puberty, spermatogonia at the basement membrane of the seminiferous tubule proliferate by mitotic then meiotic divisions and give rise to the haploid SPERMATOCYTES.Epididymis: The convoluted cordlike structure attached to the posterior of the TESTIS. Epididymis consists of the head (caput), the body (corpus), and the tail (cauda). A network of ducts leaving the testis joins into a common epididymal tubule proper which provides the transport, storage, and maturation of SPERMATOZOA.Seminiferous Epithelium: The epithelium lining the seminiferous tubules composed of primary male germ cells (SPERMATOGONIA) and supporting SERTOLI CELLS. As SPERMATOGENESIS proceeds, the developing germ cells migrate toward the lumen. The adluminal compartment, the inner two thirds of the tubules, contains SPERMATOCYTES and the more advanced germ cells.Testicular Diseases: Pathological processes of the TESTIS.Testosterone: A potent androgenic steroid and major product secreted by the LEYDIG CELLS of the TESTIS. Its production is stimulated by LUTEINIZING HORMONE from the PITUITARY GLAND. In turn, testosterone exerts feedback control of the pituitary LH and FSH secretion. Depending on the tissues, testosterone can be further converted to DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE or ESTRADIOL.Spermatocytes: Male germ cells derived from SPERMATOGONIA. The euploid primary spermatocytes undergo MEIOSIS and give rise to the haploid secondary spermatocytes which in turn give rise to SPERMATIDS.Testicular Neoplasms: Tumors or cancer of the TESTIS. Germ cell tumors (GERMINOMA) of the testis constitute 95% of all testicular neoplasms.Sperm Count: A count of SPERM in the ejaculum, expressed as number per milliliter.Organ Size: The measurement of an organ in volume, mass, or heaviness.Spermatic Cord Torsion: The twisting of the SPERMATIC CORD due to an anatomical abnormality that left the TESTIS mobile and dangling in the SCROTUM. The initial effect of testicular torsion is obstruction of venous return. Depending on the duration and degree of cord rotation, testicular symptoms range from EDEMA to interrupted arterial flow and testicular pain. If blood flow to testis is absent for 4 to 6 h, SPERMATOGENESIS may be permanently lost.Infertility, Male: The inability of the male to effect FERTILIZATION of an OVUM after a specified period of unprotected intercourse. Male sterility is permanent infertility.Germ Cells: The reproductive cells in multicellular organisms at various stages during GAMETOGENESIS.Orchitis: Inflammation of a TESTIS. It has many features of EPIDIDYMITIS, such as swollen SCROTUM; PAIN; PYURIA; and FEVER. It is usually related to infections in the URINARY TRACT, which likely spread to the EPIDIDYMIS and then the TESTIS through either the VAS DEFERENS or the lymphatics of the SPERMATIC CORD.Genitalia, Male: The male reproductive organs. They are divided into the external organs (PENIS; SCROTUM;and URETHRA) and the internal organs (TESTIS; EPIDIDYMIS; VAS DEFERENS; SEMINAL VESICLES; EJACULATORY DUCTS; PROSTATE; and BULBOURETHRAL GLANDS).Sexual Maturation: Achievement of full sexual capacity in animals and in humans.Scrotum: A cutaneous pouch of skin containing the testicles and spermatic cords.Molecular Sequence Data: Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.RNA, Messenger: RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.Blood-Testis Barrier: A specialized barrier, in the TESTIS, between the interstitial BLOOD compartment and the adluminal compartment of the SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES. The barrier is formed by layers of cells from the VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM of the capillary BLOOD VESSELS, to the SEMINIFEROUS EPITHELIUM of the seminiferous tubules. TIGHT JUNCTIONS form between adjacent SERTOLI CELLS, as well as between the ENDOTHELIAL CELLS.Tissue Distribution: Accumulation of a drug or chemical substance in various organs (including those not relevant to its pharmacologic or therapeutic action). This distribution depends on the blood flow or perfusion rate of the organ, the ability of the drug to penetrate organ membranes, tissue specificity, protein binding. The distribution is usually expressed as tissue to plasma ratios.Sex Differentiation: The process in developing sex- or gender-specific tissue, organ, or function after SEX DETERMINATION PROCESSES have set the sex of the GONADS. Major areas of sex differentiation occur in the reproductive tract (GENITALIA) and the brain.Organ Specificity: Characteristic restricted to a particular organ of the body, such as a cell type, metabolic response or expression of a particular protein or antigen.Amino Acid Sequence: The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.Base Sequence: The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.Immunohistochemistry: Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.Orchiectomy: The surgical removal of one or both testicles.Ovary: The reproductive organ (GONADS) in female animals. In vertebrates, the ovary contains two functional parts: the OVARIAN FOLLICLE for the production of female germ cells (OOGENESIS); and the endocrine cells (GRANULOSA CELLS; THECA CELLS; and LUTEAL CELLS) for the production of ESTROGENS and PROGESTERONE.Sex-Determining Region Y Protein: A transcription factor that plays an essential role in the development of the TESTES. It is encoded by a gene on the Y chromosome and contains a specific HMG-BOX DOMAIN that is found within members of the SOX family of transcription factors.Fertility: The capacity to conceive or to induce conception. It may refer to either the male or female.Seminal Vesicles: A saclike, glandular diverticulum on each ductus deferens in male vertebrates. It is united with the excretory duct and serves for temporary storage of semen. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)DNA, Complementary: Single-stranded complementary DNA synthesized from an RNA template by the action of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. cDNA (i.e., complementary DNA, not circular DNA, not C-DNA) is used in a variety of molecular cloning experiments as well as serving as a specific hybridization probe.Sex Determination Processes: The mechanisms by which the SEX of an individual's GONADS are fixed.Follicle Stimulating Hormone: A major gonadotropin secreted by the adenohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). Follicle-stimulating hormone stimulates GAMETOGENESIS and the supporting cells such as the ovarian GRANULOSA CELLS, the testicular SERTOLI CELLS, and LEYDIG CELLS. FSH consists of two noncovalently linked subunits, alpha and beta. Within a species, the alpha subunit is common in the three pituitary glycoprotein hormones (TSH, LH, and FSH), but the beta subunit is unique and confers its biological specificity.Gonads: The gamete-producing glands, OVARY or TESTIS.Sertoli Cell Tumor: Gonadal neoplasm composed entirely of SERTOLI CELLS or may have a component of GRANULOSA CELLS. Some of the Sertoli cell tumors produce ESTROGEN or ANDROGENS, but seldom in sufficient quantity to cause clinical symptoms such as FEMINIZATION or masculinization (VIRILISM).In Situ Hybridization: A technique that localizes specific nucleic acid sequences within intact chromosomes, eukaryotic cells, or bacterial cells through the use of specific nucleic acid-labeled probes.Orchiopexy: A surgical procedure in which an undescended testicle is sutured inside the SCROTUM in male infants or children to correct CRYPTORCHIDISM. Orchiopexy is also performed to treat TESTICULAR TORSION in adults and adolescents.Dibutyl Phthalate: A plasticizer used in most plastics and found in water, air, soil, plants and animals. It may have some adverse effects with long-term exposure.Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction: A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental: Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action during the developmental stages of an organism.Rats, Sprague-Dawley: A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.Blotting, Northern: Detection of RNA that has been electrophoretically separated and immobilized by blotting on nitrocellulose or other type of paper or nylon membrane followed by hybridization with labeled NUCLEIC ACID PROBES.Cloning, Molecular: The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.Sperm Motility: Movement characteristics of SPERMATOZOA in a fresh specimen. It is measured as the percentage of sperms that are moving, and as the percentage of sperms with productive flagellar motion such as rapid, linear, and forward progression.Luteinizing Hormone: A major gonadotropin secreted by the adenohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). Luteinizing hormone regulates steroid production by the interstitial cells of the TESTIS and the OVARY. The preovulatory LUTEINIZING HORMONE surge in females induces OVULATION, and subsequent LUTEINIZATION of the follicle. LUTEINIZING HORMONE consists of two noncovalently linked subunits, alpha and beta. Within a species, the alpha subunit is common in the three pituitary glycoprotein hormones (TSH, LH and FSH), but the beta subunit is unique and confers its biological specificity.Seminoma: A radiosensitive, malignant neoplasm of the testis, thought to be derived from primordial germ cells of the sexually undifferentiated embryonic gonad. There are three variants: classical (typical), the most common type; anaplastic; and spermatocytic. The classical seminoma is composed of fairly well differentiated sheets or cords of uniform polygonal or round cells (seminoma cells), each cell having abundant clear cytoplasm, distinct cell membranes, a centrally placed round nucleus, and one or more nucleoli. In the female, a grossly and histologically identical neoplasm, known as dysgerminoma, occurs. (Dorland, 27th ed)Testicular Hormones: Hormones produced in the testis.Gene Expression: The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.Sperm Maturation: The maturing process of SPERMATOZOA after leaving the testicular SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES. Maturation in SPERM MOTILITY and FERTILITY takes place in the EPIDIDYMIS as the sperm migrate from caput epididymis to cauda epididymis.Varicocele: A condition characterized by the dilated tortuous veins of the SPERMATIC CORD with a marked left-sided predominance. Adverse effect on male fertility occurs when varicocele leads to an increased scrotal (and testicular) temperature and reduced testicular volume.Spermatic Cord: Either of a pair of tubular structures formed by DUCTUS DEFERENS; ARTERIES; VEINS; LYMPHATIC VESSELS; and nerves. The spermatic cord extends from the deep inguinal ring through the INGUINAL CANAL to the TESTIS in the SCROTUM.Meiosis: A type of CELL NUCLEUS division, occurring during maturation of the GERM CELLS. Two successive cell nucleus divisions following a single chromosome duplication (S PHASE) result in daughter cells with half the number of CHROMOSOMES as the parent cells.Inhibins: Glycoproteins that inhibit pituitary FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE secretion. Inhibins are secreted by the Sertoli cells of the testes, the granulosa cells of the ovarian follicles, the placenta, and other tissues. Inhibins and ACTIVINS are modulators of FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE secretions; both groups belong to the TGF-beta superfamily, as the TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA. Inhibins consist of a disulfide-linked heterodimer with a unique alpha linked to either a beta A or a beta B subunit to form inhibin A or inhibin B, respectivelySOX9 Transcription Factor: A SOXE transcription factor that plays a critical role in regulating CHONDROGENESIS; OSTEOGENESIS; and male sex determination. Loss of function of the SOX9 transcription factor due to genetic mutations is a cause of CAMPOMELIC DYSPLASIA.Genes, sry: The primary testis-determining gene in mammalians, located on the Y CHROMOSOME. It codes for a high mobility group box transcription factor (TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS) which initiates the development of the TESTES from the embryonic GONADS.Diethylhexyl Phthalate: An ester of phthalic acid. It appears as a light-colored, odorless liquid and is used as a plasticizer for many resins and elastomers.Reproduction: The total process by which organisms produce offspring. (Stedman, 25th ed)

Effect of sex difference on the in vitro and in vivo metabolism of aflatoxin B1 by the rat. (1/10446)

Hepatic microsome-catalyzed metabolism of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) to aflatoxin M1 and aflatoxin Q1 and the "metabolic activation" of AFB1 to DNA-alylating metabolite(s) were studied in normal male and female Sprague-Dawley rats, in gonadectomized animals, and in castrated males and normal females treated with testosterone. Microsomes from male animals formed 2 to 5 times more aflatoxin M1, aflatoxin Q1, and DNA-alkylating metabolite(s) than those from females. Castration reduced the metabolism of AFB1 by the microsomes from males by about 50%, whereas ovariectomy had no significant effect on AFB1 metabolism by the microsomes from females. Testosterone treatment (4 mg/rat, 3 times/week for about 6 weeks) of castrated immature males and immature females enhanced the metabolism of AFB1 by their microsomes. A sex difference in the metabolism of AFB1 by liver microsomes was also seen in other strains of rats tested: Wistar, Long-Evans, and Fischer. The activity of kidney microsomes for metabolic activation was 1 to 4% that of the liver activity and was generally lower in microsomes from male rats as compared to those from female rats of Sprague-Dawley, Wistar, and Long-Evans strains. The in vitro results obtained with hepatic microsomes correlated well with the in vivo metabolism of AFB1, in that more AFB1 became bound in vivo to hepatic DNA isolated from male rats and from a female rat treated with testosterone than that isolated from control female rats. These data suggest that the differences in hepatic AFB1 metabolism may be the underlying cause of the sex difference in toxicity and carcinogenicity of AFB1 observed in rats.  (+info)

Expression of novel alternatively spliced isoforms of the oct-1 transcription factor. (2/10446)

Analysis of the alternatively spliced isoforms of the human and mouse oct-1 genes, combined with their exon-intron structure, show a high level of evolutionary conservation between these two species. The differential expression of several oct-1 isoforms was examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction performed on the 3' region of the murine oct-1 cDNA. Variations in the relative levels and patterns of expression of the isoforms were found among different tissues. Three novel isoforms originating from the 3'-distal region of oct-1, were isolated and sequenced: Two were derived from testis, and one from myeloma cells. Splicing out of different exons as revealed in the structure of these isoforms results in reading frameshifts that presumably lead to the expression of shortened Oct-1 proteins, with distinct C-terminal tails. Altogether, six out of the eight known murine oct-1 isoforms may have distinct C-termini, implying that these multiple tails have different functional roles in cellular differentiation and physiology.  (+info)

Differential regulation of p21waf-1/cip-1 and Mdm2 by etoposide: etoposide inhibits the p53-Mdm2 autoregulatory feedback loop. (3/10446)

The Mdm2 protein is frequently overexpressed in human non-seminomatous germ cell tumours and transitional carcinoma of the bladder where it may contribute to tolerance of wtp53. Mdm2 forms an autoregulatory feedback loop with p53; the Mdm2 gene is responsive to transactivation by p53 and once synthesized the Mdm2 protein terminates the p53 response. We show here that the topoisomerase poison etoposide, like ultra violet irradiation, inhibits Mdm2 synthesis. Cytotoxic concentrations of etoposide (IC90 for > 3 h) result in inhibition of Mdm2 induction at both the RNA and protein level. Rapid apoptosis ensues. Global transcription is not inhibited: p21waf-1/cip1 and GADD45 expression increase in a dose dependent manner. Inhibition of Mdm2 synthesis depends on the continuous presence of etoposide, suggesting the DNA damage may prevent transcription. Downregulation of Mdm2 transcript occurs in cells expressing HPV16-E6 suggesting that inhibition of Mdm2 transcription is p53-independent. When cells are -treated with a pulse (1 h) of etoposide and reincubated in drug free medium, Mdm2 synthesis commences immediately after damage is repaired (3 h) and the p53 response is attenuated. Induction of apoptosis and loss of clonogenicity are 3-5-fold lower under pulse treatment conditions. This is the first observation of inhibition of Mdm2 transcription following treatment with topoisomerase (topo II) poisons, a feature that may be useful in tumour types where p53 is tolerated by overexpression of Mdm2.  (+info)

Glutathione-independent prostaglandin D2 synthase in ram and stallion epididymal fluids: origin and regulation. (4/10446)

Microsequencing after two-dimensional electrophoresis revealed a major protein, glutathione-independent prostaglandin D2 synthase (PGDS) in the anterior epididymal region fluid of the ram and stallion. In this epididymal region, PGDS was a polymorphic compound with a molecular mass around 30 kDa and a range of pI from 4 to 7. PGDS represented 15% and 8% of the total luminal proteins present in this region in the ram and stallion, respectively. The secretion of the protein as judged by in vitro biosynthesis, and the presence of its mRNA as studied by Northern blot analysis, were limited to the proximal caput epididymidis. Using a specific polyclonal antibody raised against a synthetic peptide, PGDS was found throughout the epididymis, decreasing in concentration toward the cauda region. PGDS was also detected in the testicular fluid and seminal plasma by Western blotting. Castration and efferent duct ligation in the ram led to a decrease in PGDS mRNA and secretion. PGDS mRNA was not detected in the stallion 1 mo after castration, and it was restored by testosterone supplementation. This study showed that PGDS is present in the environment of spermatozoa throughout the male genital tract. Its function in the maturation and/or protection of spermatozoa is unknown.  (+info)

Identification of a nuclear localization signal in activin/inhibin betaA subunit; intranuclear betaA in rat spermatogenic cells. (5/10446)

Activin is a dimeric glycoprotein hormone that was initially characterized by its ability to stimulate pituitary FSH secretion and was subsequently recognized as a growth factor with diverse biological functions in a large variety of tissues. In the testis, activin has been implicated in the auto/paracrine regulation of spermatogenesis through its cognate cell membrane receptors on Sertoli and germ cells. In this study we provide evidence for intranuclear activin/inhibin betaA subunit and show its distribution in the rat seminiferous epithelium. We have shown by transient expression in HeLa cells of beta-galactosidase fusion proteins that the betaA subunit precursor contains a functional nuclear localization signal within the lysine-rich sequence corresponding to amino acids 231-244. In all stages of the rat seminiferous epithelial cycle, an intense immunohistochemical staining of nuclear betaA was demonstrated in intermediate or type B spermatogonia or primary spermatocytes in their initial stages of the first meiotic prophase, as well as in pachytene spermatocytes and elongating spermatids primarily in stages IX-XII. In some pachytene spermatocytes, the pattern of betaA immunoreactivity was consistent with the characteristic distribution of pachytene chromosomes. In the nuclei of round spermatids, betaA immunoreactivity was less intense, and in late spermatids it was localized in the residual cytoplasm, suggesting disposal of betaA before spermatozoal maturation. Immunoblot analysis of a protein extract from isolated testicular nuclei revealed a nuclear betaA species with a molecular mass of approximately 24 kDa, which is more than 1.5 times that of the mature activin betaA subunit present in activin dimers. These results suggest that activin/inhibin betaA may elicit its biological functions through two parallel signal transduction pathways, one involving the dimeric molecule and cell surface receptors and the other an alternately processed betaA sequence acting directly within the nucleus. According to our immunohistochemical data, betaA may play a significant role in the regulation of nuclear functions during meiosis and spermiogenesis.  (+info)

Prolactin replacement fails to inhibit reactivation of gonadotropin secretion in rams treated with melatonin under long days. (6/10446)

This study tested the hypothesis that prolactin (PRL) inhibits gonadotropin secretion in rams maintained under long days and that treatment with melatonin (s.c. continuous-release implant; MEL-IMP) reactivates the reproductive axis by suppressing PRL secretion. Adult Soay rams were maintained under long days (16L:8D) and received 1) no further treatment (control, C); 2) MEL-IMP for 16 wk and injections of saline/vehicle for the first 8 wk (M); 3) MEL-IMP for 16 wk and exogenous PRL (s.c. 5 mg ovine PRL 3x daily) for the first 8 wk (M+P). The treatment with melatonin induced a rapid increase in the blood concentrations of FSH and testosterone, rapid growth of the testes, an increase in the frequency of LH pulses, and a decrease in the LH response to N-methyl-D,L-aspartic acid. The concomitant treatment with exogenous PRL had no effect on these reproductive responses but caused a significant delay in the timing of the sexual skin color and growth of the winter pelage. These results do not support the hypothesis and suggest that PRL at physiological long-day concentrations, while being totally ineffective as an inhibitor of gonadotropin secretion, acts in the peripheral tissues and skin to maintain summer characteristics.  (+info)

Effects of spinal cord injury on spermatogenesis and the expression of messenger ribonucleic acid for Sertoli cell proteins in rat Sertoli cell-enriched testes. (7/10446)

The study was an examination of the effects of spinal cord injury (SCI) on spermatogenesis and Sertoli cell functions in adult rats with Sertoli cell-enriched (SCE) testes. The effects of SCI on the seminiferous epithelium were characterized by abnormalities in the remaining spermatogenic cells during the first month after SCI. Three days after SCI, serum testosterone levels were 80% lower, while serum FSH and LH levels were 25% and 50% higher, respectively, than those of sham control SCE rats. At this time, the levels of mRNA for androgen receptor (AR), FSH receptor (FSH-R), and androgen-binding protein (ABP) were normal whereas those for transferrin (Trf) had decreased by 40%. Thereafter, serum testosterone levels increased, but they remained lower than those of the sham control rats 28 days after SCI; and serum FSH and LH levels returned to normal. The levels of mRNA for AR, ABP, and Trf exhibited a biphasic increase 7 days after SCI and remained elevated 28 days after SCI. FSH-R mRNA levels were also elevated 90 days after SCI. Unexpectedly, active spermatogenesis, including qualitatively complete spermatogenesis, persisted in > 40% of the tubules 90 days after SCI. These results suggest that the stem cells and/or undifferentiated spermatogonia in SCE testes are less susceptible to the deleterious effects of SCI than the normal testes and that they were able to proliferate and differentiate after SCI. The presence of elevated levels of mRNA for Sertoli cell FSH-R and AR, as well as of that for the Sertoli cell proteins, in the SCE testes during the chronic stage of SCI suggests a modification of Sertoli cell physiology. Such changes in Sertoli cell functions may provide a beneficial environment for the proliferation of the stem cells and differentiation of postmeiotic cells, thus resulting in the persistence of spermatogenesis in these testes.  (+info)

X inactive-specific transcript (Xist) expression and X chromosome inactivation in the preattachment bovine embryo. (8/10446)

Expression of the X inactive-specific transcript (Xist) is thought to be essential for the initiation of X chromosome inactivation and dosage compensation during female embryo development. In the present study, we analyzed the patterns of Xist transcription and the onset of X chromosome inactivation in bovine preattachment embryos. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) revealed the presence of Xist transcripts in all adult female somatic tissues evaluated. In contrast, among the male tissues examined, Xist expression was detected only in testis. No evidence for Xist transcription was observed after a single round of RT-PCR from pools of in vitro-derived embryos at the 2- to 4-cell stage. Xist transcripts were detected as a faint amplicon at the 8-cell stage initially, and consistently thereafter in all stages examined up to and including the expanded blastocyst stage. Xist transcripts, however, were subsequently detected from the 2-cell stage onward after nested RT-PCR. Preferential [3H]thymidine labeling indicative of late replication of one of the X chromosomes was noted in female embryos of different developmental ages as follows: 2 of 7 (28.5%) early blastocysts, 6 of 13 (46.1%) blastocysts, 8 of 11 (72.1%) expanded blastocysts, and 14 of 17 (77.7%) hatched blastocysts. These results suggest that Xist expression precedes the onset of late replication in the bovine embryo, in a pattern compatible with a possible role of bovine Xist in the initiation of X chromosome inactivation.  (+info)

Relative testis size and mating systems in anurans: large testis in multiple-male mating in foam-nesting frogs » Brill OnlineRelative testis size and mating systems in anurans: large testis in multiple-male mating in foam-nesting frogs » Brill Online
Comparative studies of the relative testes size in animals show that promiscuous species have relatively larger testes than monogamous species. Sperm competition favours the evolution of larger ejaculates in many animals - they give bigger testes. In the view, we presented data on relative testis mass for 17 Chinese species including 3 polyandrous species. We analyzed relative testis mass within the Chinese data set and combining those data with published data sets on Japanese and African frogs. We found that polyandrous foam nesting species have relatively large testes, suggesting that sperm competition was an important factor affecting the evolution of relative testes size. For 4 polyandrous species testes mass is positively correlated with intensity (males/mating) but not with risk (frequency of polyandrous matings) of sperm competition.
Mesonephric contribution to testis differentiation in the fetal mouse | DevelopmentMesonephric contribution to testis differentiation in the fetal mouse | Development
Testes from 11.5-day-old mouse embryos, with and without attached mesonephroi, were cultured for 7 days. Isolated testes failed to develop well-differentiated testis cords: however, when cultured attached to a mesonephros from either a male or a female donor embryo, testes developed cords that were normal in appearance. Testes cultured next to a mesonephric region but separated from it by a permeable filter, did not develop normal cords, nor did testes grafted to fragments of embryonic limb or heart. When testes were grafted to mesonephric regions from mice carrying a transgenic marker, the marker was found in some of the peritubular myoid cells and other interstitial cells of the testis, but not in the Sertoli cells or the germ cells. We conclude that after 11.5 days post coitum, cells can migrate from the mesonephric region into the differentiating testis and can contribute to the interstitial cell population, and that this contribution is necessary for the establishment of normal cord ...
U-Health Topics-Undescended TestisU-Health Topics-Undescended Testis
Very rarely, there may be an absent testis which has not developed at all.. Can the testis still descend after birth?. In some cases, the testis that is undescended will still descend after birth. However, this is less likely the older the baby becomes. Both testes should be in the scrotum by the time your child is 1 year old.. How do you diagnose undescended testis?. This is usually found when the baby is examined, either shortly after birth or during the six- or eight-week baby check. This is found by examining the babys scrotum gently to feel for the presence (or absence) of the testes.. In some children, the testes may have descended to the scrotum but are not always able to be felt there. This is because the testes can sometimes rise back into the body, especially when the baby is cold. If you can feel both testes in the scrotum at other times - for example, when your baby is having a bath - then your baby does not have undescended testes and does not need any treatment.. How does ...
Testis - WikipediaTestis - Wikipedia
Testis iku klanjer kelamin lanang ing kéwan lan manungsa. Manungsa (priya) duwé testis loro kang dibungkus skrotum. Ing mamalia, testis papané ing njaban awak, digandhéngaké karo tubulus spermatikus lan papané ing njeron skrotum. Iki cocog karo kasunyatan manawa prosès spermatogenesis mamalia bakal luwih efisien kanthi suhu luwih asor saka suhu badan (, 37 °C). Ing tubulus spermatikus ana otot kremaster kang manawa kontraksi bakal ngangkat testis nyeraki awak. Yèn suhu testis didhunaké, otot kremaster bakal relaksasi lan testis bakal ngedohi awak. Fenomena iki dikenal kanthi sebutan refleks kremaster. Kéwan saliyané mamalia ora duwé testis ing njaba. Manuk, kang suhu awaké dhuwur, duwé testis ing njeron awak. Miturut téyori para ahli, manuk migunakaké kanthong udharané kanggo njaga suhu optimal testis, nanging ing panlitèn saterusé disebutaké manawa testis manuk fungsiné bakal apik ing suhu awak. [1] Samangsa pubertas, testis tumuwuh kanggo miwiti spermatogenesis. Ukuran ...
Identification of the human testis protein phosphatase 1 interactome - Research Database, The University of DundeeIdentification of the human testis protein phosphatase 1 interactome - Research Database, The University of Dundee
Protein phosphorylation is a critical regulatory mechanism in cellular signalling. To this end, PP1 is a major eukaryotic serine/threonine-specific phosphatase whose cellular functions, in turn, depend on complexes it forms with PP1 interacting proteins - PIPs. The importance of the testis/sperm-enriched variant, PP1?2, in sperm motility and spermatogenesis has previously been shown. Given the key role of PIPs, it is imperative to identify the physiologically relevant PIPs in testis and sperm. Hence, we performed Yeast Two-Hybrid screens of a human testis cDNA library using as baits the different PP1 isoforms and also a proteomic approach aimed at identifying PP1?2 binding proteins. To the best of our knowledge this is the largest data set of the human testis PP1 interactome. We report the identification of 77 proteins in human testis and 7 proteins in human sperm that bind PP1. The data obtained increased the known PP1 interactome by reporting 72 novel interactions. Confirmation of the ...
Bovine Testis Membrane Lysate, Total Protein Testis-762B - Creative BioMartBovine Testis Membrane Lysate, Total Protein Testis-762B - Creative BioMart
Purified Bovine Testis Membrane Lysate, Total Protein from Creative Biomart. Bovine Testis Membrane Lysate, Total Protein can be used for research.
Immunolocalisation and expression of Smad2 and Smad4 proteins in dog testis during postnatal development. - Semantic ScholarImmunolocalisation and expression of Smad2 and Smad4 proteins in dog testis during postnatal development. - Semantic Scholar
The expression and localisation of downstream signalling molecules of transforming growth factor beta superfamily, Smad2 and Smad4 proteins, was investigated in immature and mature dog testis. Cellular localisation of Smad2 and Smad4 proteins was examined using immunohistochemistry. Quantitative analysis of immunostaining was determined by the image analysis system. The specificity of the antibodies was examined using Western blotting assay. Smad2 and Smad4 were widely expressed in the testes, mainly immunolocalised in the cytoplasm of gonocytes, Leydig cells and Sertoli cells of immature testes, and Leydig cells and Sertoli cells of mature testes. At the same time, the expression levels for both proteins were different between immature and mature age groups: the expression of Smad2 and Smad4 proteins in the Sertoli cells of mature testis was higher than in the immature group (P | 0.05), but the expression of these two proteins in Leydig cells of mature testis was weaker than that seen in immature stage
Testicular receptor 4 - WikipediaTesticular receptor 4 - Wikipedia
Testicular receptor 4 also known as NR2C2 (nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group C, member 2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NR2C2 gene. The testicular receptor 4 is a member of the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors. Testicular receptor 4 has been shown to interact with Androgen receptor, Estrogen receptor alpha, and Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha. Testicular receptor GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000177463 - Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000005893 - Ensembl, May 2017 "Human PubMed Reference:". "Mouse PubMed Reference:". "Entrez Gene: NR2C2". Chang C, Da Silva SL, Ideta R, Lee Y, Yeh S, Burbach JP (Jun 1994). "Human and rat TR4 orphan receptors specify a subclass of the steroid receptor superfamily". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 91 (13): 6040-4. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.13.6040. PMC 44133 . PMID 8016112. Yoshikawa T, DuPont BR, Leach RJ, Detera-Wadleigh SD (Jul 1996). "New variants of the ...
Asymmetric division of cyst stem cells in Drosophila testis is ensured by anaphase spindle repositioning | DevelopmentAsymmetric division of cyst stem cells in Drosophila testis is ensured by anaphase spindle repositioning | Development
Many stem cells divide asymmetrically to balance self-renewal and differentiation. In Drosophila testes, two stem cell populations, germline stem cells (GSCs) and somatic cyst stem cells (CySCs), cohere and regulate one another. Here, we report that CySCs divide asymmetrically through repositioning the mitotic spindle around anaphase. CySC spindle repositioning requires functional centrosomes, Dynein and the actin-membrane linker Moesin. Anaphase spindle repositioning is required to achieve high-fidelity asymmetric divisions in CySCs, thus maintaining both GSC and CySC numbers. We propose that dynamic spindle repositioning allows CySCs to divide asymmetrically while accommodating the structure of the GSCs they encapsulate.. ...
Guinea Pig Testis Lysate, Total Protein Testis-663G - Creative BioMartGuinea Pig Testis Lysate, Total Protein Testis-663G - Creative BioMart
Purified Guinea Pig Testis Lysate, Total Protein from Creative Biomart. Guinea Pig Testis Lysate, Total Protein can be used for research.
Molecular Cloning and Primary Structure of Rat Testes Metalloendopeptidase EC 3.4.24.15<...Molecular Cloning and Primary Structure of Rat Testes Metalloendopeptidase EC 3.4.24.15<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Molecular Cloning and Primary Structure of Rat Testes Metalloendopeptidase EC 3.4.24.15. AU - Pierotti, Adrian. AU - Glucksman, Marc J.. AU - Roberts, James L.. AU - Dong, Ke Wen. AU - Pierotti, Adrian. AU - Orlowski, Marian. PY - 1990/11/1. Y1 - 1990/11/1. N2 - The complete amino acid sequence of rat testes metalloendopeptidase (EC 3.4.24.15) was deduced from the nucleotide sequence of a cDNA clone isolated by screening a rat testes library with a polyclonal antibody raised against a homogeneous preparation of the rat testes enzyme. The correctness of the sequence was verified by N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis of the isolated enzyme and by partial amino acid sequence analysis of three tryptic peptides located near the N-terminus, the middle, and C-terminus of the native protein. The enzyme is composed of 645 amino acids with a molecular weight of 72 985. This value is close to that of the purified rat testes and brain enzyme as determined by polyacrylamide gel ...
Repozytorium Instytucjonalne KUL: Biblijno-rzymskie korzenie procesowej zasady testis unus testis nullusRepozytorium Instytucjonalne KUL: Biblijno-rzymskie korzenie procesowej zasady testis unus testis nullus
The requirement for at least two consistent statements in the Roman cognito extra ordinem was introduced by Constantine the Great in 334. The Constitution provided that for a valid conviction of an accused person, at least to consistent statements of witnesses were necessary. Later, in the Middle Ages, the adoption of that evidence requirement was referred to as the rule testis unus testis nullus. The rule was of fundamental importance in the law of evidence to strengthen the protection of the accused and the guarantee of their rights in the trial. It is worth noting that a few centuries before the Emperor Constantine the Great announced the above mentioned Constitution, the rule testis unus testis nullus in its essence, although not literally in the same wording, was already well-known in the Old and New Testament. This work aims to present the origins of the testis unus testis nullus rule as well as to trace its evolution in the Biblical sources and the sources of classical ad post- classical ...
Effects of Human Growth-hormone (hgh) and Gonadotropins (gn) On the Testicular Response To Human Chorionic-gonadotropin (hcg)...Effects of Human Growth-hormone (hgh) and Gonadotropins (gn) On the Testicular Response To Human Chorionic-gonadotropin (hcg)...
Maes, Marc ; Wolter, R. ; Malvaux, Paul ; Vanderschueren, M.. Effects of Human Growth-hormone (hgh) and Gonadotropins (gn) On the Testicular Response To Human Chorionic-gonadotropin (hcg) in Prepubertal Gh-deficient Children.In: Pediatric Research : international journal of human developmental biology, Vol. 18, no. 11, p. 1218-1218 (1984 ...
Estimação bayesiana para medidas de desempenho de testes diagnósticos.Estimação bayesiana para medidas de desempenho de testes diagnósticos.
Na área médica testes diagnósticos são usados para classi9car um paciente como positivo ou negativo com relação a uma determinada condição ou moléstia. Existem testes mais simples e outros mais elaborados, cada um fornecendo diferentes chances de erro de classi9cação dos pacientes. Para quanti9car a precisão dos testes diagnósticos, podemos compará-los com testes Padrão Ouro , termo utilizado para testes com satisfatória exatidão, como biopsias, inspeções cirúrgicas e outros. Existem algumas condições que não possuem testes considerados Padrão Ouro, outras até possuem, mas não é ético aplicá-los em indivíduos sem a evidência da moléstia, ou ainda o seu uso pode ser inviável devido a seu alto custo ou por oferecer risco ao paciente. Joseph et al. (1999) [16] propõem a abordagem Bayesiana que supera o problema de pacientes não veri9cados pelo teste Padrão Ouro introduzindo variáveis latentes. Apresentamos também esta metodologia considerando a presença de ...
RELATIONSHIPS AMONG MEASURES OF TESTICULAR DEVELOPMENT AND ENDOCRINE F by A. P. Schinckel, R. K. Johnson et al."RELATIONSHIPS AMONG MEASURES OF TESTICULAR DEVELOPMENT AND ENDOCRINE F" by A. P. Schinckel, R. K. Johnson et al.
Nine blood samples were taken at 30-min intervals from 36 Landrace x Large White boars at each of eight ages (42, 56, 70, 84, 98, 112, 126 and 140 d). Serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone (T) and estradiol- 17β (E-2) were quantified by radioimmunoassay procedures. The maximum concentration of LH and the age at maximum concentration were predicted for each boar. Variability of LH samples was described for each boar by the pooled within age variance among LH samples and by the number of LH peaks. Measurements of testicular development taken at 140 d of age included: in situ testis width and length, excised testis weights and histological traits of excised testes (seminiferous tubule diameter, percentage of tubules with a lumen and percentage of tubules with active spermatogenesis). Pooled within line correlations were calculated with data from boars selected for either high or low testis weight. Correlations among the testicular traits ranged
Ectopic testis | Radiology Case | Radiopaedia.orgEctopic testis | Radiology Case | Radiopaedia.org
Empty right scrotal sac noted. Right testis is superficial to rectus muscle. It is located near lateral margin of right rectus muscle. Cord entering the testis is noted. Right testis is upside down. Right testis is smaller than left. No fo...
Antagonism of the testis- and ovary-determining pathways during ovotes by D Wilhelm, L L. Washburn et al."Antagonism of the testis- and ovary-determining pathways during ovotes" by D Wilhelm, L L. Washburn et al.
Ovotestis development in B6-XY(POS) mice provides a rare opportunity to study the interaction of the testis- and ovary-determining pathways in the same tissue. We studied expression of several markers of mouse fetal testis (SRY, SOX9) or ovary (FOXL2, Rspo1) development in B6-XY(POS) ovotestes by immunofluorescence, using normal testes and ovaries as controls. In ovotestes, SOX9 was expressed only in the central region where SRY is expressed earliest, resulting in testis cord formation. Surprisingly, FOXL2-expressing cells also were found in this region, but individual cells expressed either FOXL2 or SOX9, not both. At the poles, even though SOX9 was not up-regulated, SRY expression was down-regulated normally as in XY testes, and FOXL2 was expressed from an early stage, demonstrating ovarian differentiation in these areas. Our data (1) show that SRY must act within a specific developmental window to activate Sox9; (2) challenge the established view that SOX9 is responsible for down
Testis-expressed sequence 12 protein elisa and antibodyTestis-expressed sequence 12 protein elisa and antibody
Shop Testis-expressed sequence 12 protein ELISA Kit, Recombinant Protein and Testis-expressed sequence 12 protein Antibody at MyBioSource. Custom ELISA Kit, Recombinant Protein and Antibody are available.
Effects of graded doses of estrogen benzoate on the microanatomy of testis in male albino rats | International Journal of...Effects of graded doses of estrogen benzoate on the microanatomy of testis in male albino rats | International Journal of...
The research was conducted in the department of Anatomy Government Medical College Srinagar. The aim of our study was to elucidate the effects of estrogen treatment on the microanatomy of Testis in male Albino rats with reference to the treatment regimen received. For this research we selected sixty male albino rats with an average weight of100gms. The animals were kept in the animal house of Government Medical College Srinagar and divided randomly into three groups. Group A served as control, while Group B and C received daily low and high doses of estrogen benzoate diluted in coconut oil respectively. From each group animals were sacrificed at intervals of one, three, six and twelve weeks. 5-6 micrometer thick histological sections of testis were cut, fixed on glass slides and stained with Haematoxyline & Eosin. Microscopic changes in the testis were recorded. It was observed that estrogen benzoate produces dose and duration dependent histopathological changes in the testis of male albino ...
Femoral testis synonyms, femoral testis antonyms - FreeThesaurus.comFemoral testis synonyms, femoral testis antonyms - FreeThesaurus.com
Synonyms for femoral testis in Free Thesaurus. Antonyms for femoral testis. 7 synonyms for testis: ballock, bollock, testicle, orchis, egg, ball, nut. What are synonyms for femoral testis?
Modelo:Páigina de testes de outelizador - BiquipédiaModelo:Páigina de testes de outelizador - Biquipédia
Esta ye ua páigina de testes de Páigina de testes de outelizador, ua subpáigina de la percipal. Sirbe cumo un lhocal de testes i spácio de zambolbimiento desta feita, nun ye un artigo anciclopédico. Pa ua páigina de testes sue, crie ua eiqui.. Cumo eiditar: FAQ • Tutorial • Páigina percipal • Páigina de testes • Cumo puodo dar ua upa • Cinco pedamiegos. ...
Testis de visu praeponderat aliis legal definition of Testis de visu praeponderat aliisTestis de visu praeponderat aliis legal definition of Testis de visu praeponderat aliis
Definition of Testis de visu praeponderat aliis in the Legal Dictionary - by Free online English dictionary and encyclopedia. What is Testis de visu praeponderat aliis? Meaning of Testis de visu praeponderat aliis as a legal term. What does Testis de visu praeponderat aliis mean in law?
Testes legal definition of TestesTestes legal definition of Testes
Definition of Testes in the Legal Dictionary - by Free online English dictionary and encyclopedia. What is Testes? Meaning of Testes as a legal term. What does Testes mean in law?
Testis cord differentiation after the sex determination stage is independent of Sox9 but fails in the combined absence of Sox9...Testis cord differentiation after the sex determination stage is independent of Sox9 but fails in the combined absence of Sox9...
Autor: Barrionuevo, Francisco et al.; Genre: Zeitschriftenartikel; Im Druck veröffentlicht: 2009-03-15; Keywords: Sox9; Sox8; Testis cords; Amh; Mouse testis differentiation; Titel: Testis cord differentiation after the sex determination stage is independent of Sox9 but fails in the combined absence of Sox9 and Sox8
Expression analysis of the human testis-specific serine/threonine kina by ZL Hao, KN Jha et al."Expression analysis of the human testis-specific serine/threonine kina" by ZL Hao, KN Jha et al.
Hao, ZL; Jha, KN; Kim, YH; Vemuganti, S; Westbrook, VA; Chertihin, O; Markgraf, K; Flickinger, CJ; Coppola, M; Herr, JC; and Visconti, PE, "Expression analysis of the human testis-specific serine/threonine kinase (TSSK) homologues. A TSSK member is present in the equatorial segment of human sperm" (2004). MOLECULAR HUMAN REPRODUCTION. 134 ...
Phenotype Image DetailPhenotype Image Detail
Histology of seminiferous tubules. Histological analyses of testicular sections of wild-type (+/+), Hsf1tm1Miv/Hsf1tm1Miv (hsf1-/-), Hsf2tm1Miv/Hsf2tm1Miv (hsf2-/-), or Hsf1tm1Miv/Hsf1tm1Miv Hsf2tm1Miv/Hsf2tm1Miv (hsf1-/- hsf2-/-) adult (12 weeks) mice. A: Paraffin-embedded sections were stained with H&E. Testes from Hsf2tm1Miv/Hsf2tm1Miv mice show seminiferous tubules with disruption of spermatogenesis (marked by arrow) such as reduction of spermatocytes and spermatids. Note the severe testicular tissue degeneration such as reduced number of spermatogonia, complete absence of developing spermatocytes and spermatids, tubular vacuolization, and formation of multinuclear giant cells (right panel, marked by arrow) in testes of double homozygous mice. Note the Sertoli cells visible at the basal layer in testes of double homozygous mice (right panel); no visible abnormalities were observed in testes of Hsf1tm1Miv/Hsf1tm1Miv or wild-type mice. Testicular sections were viewed at relatively low x200 ...
Dokument bez názvuDokument bez názvu
A significant aspermatogenic activity, ascertained by microscopic studies of seminiferous tubules and interstitial tissue, and by the observation of the entrance of immunity and fibrocytic cells in mice injected with polyspermine (PS) or polyspermine conjugated to monomeric or dimeric RNase A (PS-RNase A or PS-dimeric RNase A, respectively), was found either in mice injected or in non-injected testes. Polyspermine and its complexes with RNase A destroyed all spermatogenic and intertestitial tissue, including Leydic cells, as well as their ability to secrete testosterone. The total loss of spermatogenic activity in injected testes is irreversible because spermatogonia cells also were destroyed. The injection of PS into both mice testes determined the total degeneration of testicle tissue in 50% of injected testes. The second half of testes was also partly degenerated, and if they were re-injected, almost all testes were fully destroyed. PS-dimeric RNase A injected once into both testicles ...
The clinical value - The Drosophila Testis Gene Expression DatabaseThe clinical value - The Drosophila Testis Gene Expression Database
Newest genomic analyses in Drosophila and mammals of inter-chromosomal retroposition have revealed that in evolution the retroposed genes that current male-biased expression generally tend to go away the X chromosome and go for autosomal positions.. Such a phenomenon may be a technique of fundamental, genomic and evolutionary relevance. It contributed to the sudden overrepresentation of male-biased genes on the autosomes currently observed in microarray expression experiments. On this paper, we report our genomic analysis of within-chromosomal retroposition in Drosophila melanogaster, and consider it with the beforehand acknowledged pattern of the between-chromosomal retroposition.. We uncover {{that a}} surfeit of autosomal retroposed genes originated from parental genes positioned on the similar chromosome, in distinction to the X chromosome by which solely few genes retroposed in cis. Such an autosomal proximity influence implicates a job of the mutation course of for retroposition in ...
NY-ESO-1 - EDRN Public PortalNY-ESO-1 - EDRN Public Portal
NY-ESO-1, official name CTAG1B, is an antigen that is expressed in normal testis and ovary and overexpressed in a wide variety of cancers. The CTAG1B gene is found in a duplicated region of the X-chromosome and therefore has a neighboring gene of identical sequence. CTAG1B is expressed from 18 weeks until birth in human fetal testis. In the adult testis, is strongly expressed in spermatogonia and in primary spermatocytes, but not in post-meiotic cells or in testicular somatic cells (at protein level).
Governo do Estado da Bahia (via Public) / Sesab realiza 4,6 mil testes para detecção de DSTs no CarnavalGoverno do Estado da Bahia (via Public) / Sesab realiza 4,6 mil testes para detecção de DSTs no Carnaval
Carnaval é tempo de diversão e brincadeira, mas também de ficar ligado na saúde. Desde a ultima quinta-feira (8), a Secretaria da Saúde do Estado (Sesab) tem reforçado o cuidado com quem curte o Carnaval em Salvador e Porto Seguro, disponibilizando testes gratuitos para detecção de HIV/Aids, sífilis e hepatites virais. Na capital, os pontos de atendimento funcionam no circuito Dodô: na Avenida Ademar de Barros, em Ondina, e na Avenida Centenário, na Barra. Até esta segunda-feira (12), mais de 4,6 mil testes já foram realizados em Salvador, identificando 22 foliões infectados com HIV e outros 112 reagentes para hepatite B (4), C (9) e sífilis (99). É importante o diagnóstico precoce para que o tratamento possa ser iniciado o quanto antes. Os testes são feitos de maneira bem simples e rápida. O sangue é colhido da ponta dos dedos e posteriormente avaliado, explica a coordenadora do Programa Estadual de IST/Aids da Sesab, Aparecida Rodrigues. Os testes rápidos para sífilis e ...
Testes de Usabilidade x Estudos de Campo x Testes Analíticos - The Blog of Tássio AuadTestes de Usabilidade x Estudos de Campo x Testes Analíticos - The Blog of Tássio Auad
Nos testes de usabilidade, um teste é aplicado em um usuário que faz uma tarefa em protótipo dentro de um laboratório objetivando levantar medidas quantitativas e erros. Esses testes podem ser realizados por meio de observação, por meio de questionários dados aos usuários ou por meio de testes controlados em um laboratório. Nos estudos de…
Background Post-meiotically expressed genes within the testis are crucial for the | High-Throughput Screen for the Chemical...Background Post-meiotically expressed genes within the testis are crucial for the | High-Throughput Screen for the Chemical...
Background Post-meiotically expressed genes within the testis are crucial for the correct progression of spermatogenesis, yet, apart from the structure of individual transgenic mice using specific promoters to operate a vehicle reporter plasmids, there are just not a lot of possibilities for quantitative and relevant analysis of gene promoters. seminiferous tubules for 48 h without apparent cell loss and death of post-meiotic cellular material. Transfection of unchanged seminiferous tubules by PA-824 manufacture electroporation and microinjection was optimized to attain high appearance efficiencies of control plasmids, using either fluorescent luciferase or proteins as reporters, enabling both morphological aswell as quantitative assessment thereby. Results Effective transfection was attained into all cellular types aside from mature spermatozoa. Nevertheless, there were just limited cell-type specificity for the promoters utilized, despite the fact that these had were specific when found in ...
Bilateral Undescended testes - Ask The DoctorBilateral Undescended testes - Ask The Doctor
Patient: Hi !!! This is Abdul….My age is 21 It took me 20 years to find out that i have Bilateral undescended unpalpable testesso i went to a doctor ther ran some tests to find out its position and sizein result they found that testes are normal in size so they proposed laproscopy to move testes downwardthey did orcheopexy and placed testes just above scortum under the skin above penis on the sidesNow its passed almost 1 year donot have any painthere isnt any problm in errection…What do you propose for me in future ..Can i have Marriage life and what are chances of fertility ???Will be looking forward to your reply ...
Oral Presentation - ASN EventsOral Presentation - ASN Events
Retroposed copies of new genes (also known as retrogenes) are copies of genes that are produced from an mRNA intermediate. It has been observed that retrogenes often acquire testis-specific expression in a variety of lineages including mammals and dipterans, possibly as a consequence of new genes being inserted close to testis-expressed genes. In addition, in Drosophila, it has been shown that testis-expressed retrogenes often evolve under positive selection, show pattern of recurrent duplication in different lineages and exhibit an overrepresentation of particular gene ontologies, including nuclear-encoded mitochondria genes, nuclear transport and proteasome functions. We have proposed a model that postulates the existence of intralocus sexually antagonistic variation (i.e., allelic variation conferring opposite fitness effects for males and females due to the effects in male germline) in the parental gene, followed by gene duplication that resolves this antagonism. While DNA-mediated ...
KAKEN - Research Projects | Isolation, characterization, and transplantation of testicular stem cell (spermatogonia) (KAKENHI...KAKEN - Research Projects | Isolation, characterization, and transplantation of testicular stem cell (spermatogonia) (KAKENHI...
Principal Investigator：SAWADA Hajime, Project Period (FY)：1998 - 1999, Research Category：Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Section：一般, Research Field：General anatomy (including Histology/Embryology)
Write two major functions each of testes and ovaries - CBSE Class 12 Biology - Learn CBSE ForumWrite two major functions each of testes and ovaries - CBSE Class 12 Biology - Learn CBSE Forum
Testes and ovaries are the primary sex organs in the males and females respectively. Each testes bear large number of seminiferous tubules, which are the spermatogenic tissue of the testis. Similarly, ovaries bear the Gr…
Sertoli cell injury and mechanisms of testicular germ cell apoptosis - John RichburgSertoli cell injury and mechanisms of testicular germ cell apoptosis - John Richburg
The long-term goal of this project is to understand the cellular and molecular signals instigated in the testis that lead to germ cell apoptosis as a result of...
eScienceCommons: Testes size correlates with mens involvement in toddler careeScienceCommons: Testes size correlates with men's involvement in toddler care
A key question raised by the study findings is the direction of casualty. "Were assuming that testes size drives how involved the fathers are," Rilling says, "but it could also be that when men become more involved as caregivers, their testes shrink. Environmental influences can change biology. We know, for instance, that testosterone levels go down when men become involved fathers ...
Redd1 Is a Novel Marker of Testis Development but Is Not Required for Normal Male Reproduction | Murdoch Childrens Research...Redd1 Is a Novel Marker of Testis Development but Is Not Required for Normal Male Reproduction | Murdoch Children's Research...
Notini AJ, McClive PJ, Meachem SJ, van den Bergen JA, Western PS, Gustin SE, Harley VR, Koopman P, Sinclair AH. Redd1 Is a Novel Marker of Testis Development but Is Not Required for Normal Male Reproduction. SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT 6 (5) : 223 - 230(2012) PubMed ...
Microscopic Description -- Case 40Microscopic Description -- Case 40
A section of the left testis shows a well circumscribed but unencapsulated nodule just outside the tunica albuginea composed of medium-sized oval to polygonal cells with abundant dense granular eosinophilic cytoplasm, round to oval nuclei, stippled chromatin and no mitoses. The cells are arranged in nests and cords. There are numerous congested capillaries within the nodule (some containing fibrin) and several compressed ducts around the periphery. The testis is atrophic with markedly decreased spermatogenesis, multifocal tubular and peritubular fibrosis, moderate interstitial edema, and very few interstitial Leydig cells. The right testis contains no lesions. An immunostain for vimentin was lightly and diffusely positive.. ...
The Inhibin B Response to the Testicular Toxicant 1, 3 Dinitrobenzene in Male Rats - Sonee - 2013 - Birth Defects Research Part...The Inhibin B Response to the Testicular Toxicant 1, 3 Dinitrobenzene in Male Rats - Sonee - 2013 - Birth Defects Research Part...
Daily administration of 1,3-DNB resulted in decreased testis weight only on day 5 and only at the high dose (6 mg/kg/day). There was a time-dependent increase in incidence and severity of testicular findings characterized by degeneration of the germinal epithelium with loss of pachytene spermatocytes and vacuolization of the Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules at the high dose. Inhibin B levels in 1,3-DNB-treated animals were decreased with treatment only on day 5 at the high dose; there were no associated changes in follicle stimulating hormone. ...
A variant of Runx2 that differs from the bone isoform in its splicing is expressed in spermatogenic cells [PeerJ]A variant of Runx2 that differs from the bone isoform in its splicing is expressed in spermatogenic cells [PeerJ]
Background. Members of the Runx gene family encode transcription factors that bind to DNA in a sequence-specific manner. Among the three Runx proteins, Runx2 comprises 607 amino acid (aa) residues, is expressed in bone, and plays crucial roles in osteoblast differentiation and bone development. We examined whether the Runx2 gene is also expressed in testes. Methods. Murine testes from 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 10-week-old male mice of the C57BL/6J strain and W∕Wv strain were used throughout the study. Northern Blot Analyses were performed using extracts form the murine testes. Sequencing of cDNA clones and 5′-rapid amplification of cDNA ends were performed to determine the full length of the transcripts, which revealed that the testicular Runx2 comprises 106 aa residues coding novel protein. Generating an antiserum using the amino-terminal 15 aa of Runx2 (Met1 to Gly15) as an antigen, immunoblot analyses were performed to detect the predicted polypeptide of 106 aa residues with the initiating Met1. With
Morphologic and morphometric analysis of testis of Pseudis limellum (Cope, 1862) (Anura, Hylidae) during the reproductive cycle...Morphologic and morphometric analysis of testis of Pseudis limellum (Cope, 1862) (Anura, Hylidae) during the reproductive cycle...
The spermatogenesis of Pseudis limellum, from the Southern Pantanal, Brazil, was studied from July 1995 to May 1996, through histological sections of the testis. The cells could be differentiated as: primary spermatogonia, large cells, generally with bilobed nucleus; secondary spermatogonia, smaller cells, with darker cytoplasm, chromatin of radial form; primary and secondary spermatocytes, differentiated according to the different stages of the nucleus during the successive cells divisions. Furthermore, we observed cells in process of morphologic differentiation: rounded spermatids much smaller, with nucleus containing chromatin in compacting process and cytoplasm reduction; elongated spermatids, generally parallel organized in well defined bundles, with the anterior region directed toward the periphery of the seminiferous tubule and the tail directed toward the lumen. Spermatozoa are free in the lumen of the seminiferous tubule. All the cells are organized as cysts, which are supported by a ...
Newcastle Hospitals - Radiotherapy of the testes leukaemia for childrenNewcastle Hospitals - Radiotherapy of the testes leukaemia for children
When the testes contain some leukaemia cells, radiation treatment (radiotherapy) to the testes is recommended. The total radiation dose has to be spread out over quite a long time to make the individual treatments safe. We usually give 12 treatments, one every day (usually excluding weekends and bank holidays). At each session, the patient spends about ten minutes in the treatment room but most of this time is spent getting him/her into exactly the right position.. Radiotherapy does not hurt; it is rather like having an ordinary X-ray. So that we can treat both testes the patient must lie very still on their back. Lying still can be very difficult for some children, especially very young ones. Occasionally we have to use a general anaesthetic.. ...
Patent US5017378 - Intraorgan injection of biologically active compounds contained in slow ... - Google PatentsPatent US5017378 - Intraorgan injection of biologically active compounds contained in slow ... - Google Patents
A method for increasing fertility in males with impairment of testosterone synthesis, comprising the step of injecting slow-release microcapsules or microspheres containing testosterone directly into the testes. The testosterone-laden microcapsules or microspheres act as temporary Leydig cells and release testosterone directly into the testicular parenchyma and maintain high intratesticular concentrations of testosterone needed for spermatogenesis.
Projeto PC RYZEN 1800x - Testes em JOGOS em Full HD e 4K vs I7 5820k/6700k - Stock e OC (Parte 3) - Peperaio HardwareProjeto PC RYZEN 1800x - Testes em JOGOS em Full HD e 4K vs I7 5820k/6700k - Stock e OC (Parte 3) - Peperaio Hardware
No terceiro episódio do Projeto PC RYZEN veremos como o RYZEN 1800x e os dois I7 se sairão em games com a GTX 1080 Ti em Full HD e 4K com a configuração gráfica no Alto, privilegiando uma grande quantidade de frames a fim de comparar o desempenho dos processadores. Os três CPUs serão testados em stock e em overclock, com as memórias também em stock e até 3200 Mhz, buscando encontrar os pontos de maior e menor performance dentre as combinações. Ao final, o veredito final acerca dos comparativos. Qual a melhor opção em cada objetivo? É o que veremos ⇒ Menu 1:17 - Metodologia dos testes 3:34 - Testes em Full HD - Ashes of the Singularity 4:45 - Battlefield 1 DX11 5:35 - Battlefield 1 DX12 6:04 - Doom Vulkan 6:39 - Far Cry Primal 7:21 - GTA 5 8:36 - Resident Evil 7 9:28 - RIse of the Tomb Raider DX11 10:14 - Rise of the Tomb Raider DX12 10:51 - The Witcher 3 11:23 - Tom Clancys Ghost Recon Wildlands 11:45 - Watch Dogs 2 12:37 - 3DMark e Unigine Superposition 12:53 - Testes em 4K 13:45 -
O aluno sob medida: os testes psicológicos e educacionais como tecnologiaO aluno sob medida: os testes psicológicos e educacionais como tecnologia
SASS, Odair. O aluno sob medida: os testes psicológicos e educacionais como tecnologia. Educ. Soc. [online]. 2011, vol.32, n.117, pp.971-987. ISSN 0101-7330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0101-73302011000400005.. Discute-se a relação entre a psicologia e a estatística, no campo educacional, procurando evidenciar que tal relação não se esgota com a explicação do progresso científico inexorável; antes, ela é indissociável da realização objetiva da racionalidade tecnológica, característica da sociedade industrial e administrada. Essa perspectiva é explorada por meio da psicotécnica, primeiramente, recorrendo a um momento importante do desenvolvimento da noção de inteligência, exemplificada pela teoria bifatorial de Spearman; depois, por meio da aplicação de testes psicológicos e educacionais, na escola primária brasileira, conforme os educadores Isaias Alves e Lourenço Filho.. Keywords : Psicologia; Estatística; Testes; Tecnologia; Educação. ...
Inscrições para o 1° Encontro Carioca de Testes | Agile TestersInscrições para o 1° Encontro Carioca de Testes | Agile Testers
Depois de 6 Edições do Café com Testes, o GTC - Grupo de Testes Carioca encerra as atividades 2015 com o 1° Encontro Carioca de Testes. Inscrições abertas e vagas limitadas. Data: 08/12 http://www.eventick.com.br/10-encontro-carioca-de-testes Palestras: 1...
Testes de Estatística com Respostas - 40 testes de múltipla escolha selecionados a...Testes de Estatística com Respostas - 40 testes de múltipla escolha selecionados a...
Baixe grátis o arquivo Testes de Bioestat?stica com Respostas.doc enviado por Ivan na UNESP. Sobre: 40 testes de múltipla escolha selecionados a partir do site de Carl James Schwarz http://www.stat.sfu.ca/~cschwarz/ http://www.stat.sfu.ca/~cschwarz/MultipleChoice/
CDH1 is a specific marker for undifferentiated spermatogonia in mouse testes<...CDH1 is a specific marker for undifferentiated spermatogonia in mouse testes<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - CDH1 is a specific marker for undifferentiated spermatogonia in mouse testes. AU - Tokuda, Masutaka. AU - Kadokawa, Yuzo. AU - Kurahashi, Hiroki. AU - Marunouchi, Tohru. PY - 2007/1/1. Y1 - 2007/1/1. N2 - In the mammalian testis, spermatogenesis is initiated from a subset of stem cells belonging to undifferentiated type A spermatogonia. In spite of the biologic significance of undifferentiated type A spermatogonia, little is known about their behavior and properties because of a lack of specific cell surface markers. Here we show that CDH1 (previously known as E-cadherin) is expressed specifically in undifferentiated type A spermatogonia in the mouse testis. Histologic analysis showed that CDH1-positive cells had all the characteristics of undifferentiated type A spermatogonia. Whole-mount immunohistochemistry showed that CDH1-positive cells made clusters mainly comprising one, two, four, or eight cells. They survived after administration of the cytotoxic agent busulfan to mice, ...
Abdominal testis | Article about abdominal testis by The Free DictionaryAbdominal testis | Article about abdominal testis by The Free Dictionary
Looking for abdominal testis? Find out information about abdominal testis. or , one of a pair of glands that produce the male reproductive cells, or sperm sperm or spermatozoon , in biology, the male gamete , corresponding to the... Explanation of abdominal testis
Undescended TestesUndescended Testes
Normally testicles develop in the abdomen, near the kidney, and descend through the abdominal wall, then through the inguinal canal, and enter the scrotum. Cryptorchidism (or undescended testes) is a condition seen in newborns when one or both of the male testes have not passed down into the scrotal sac. Thirty percent of cases are bilateral (involve both testes).. Undescended testes may occur for several reasons. Known causes may include hormonal disorders, abdominal wall disorders, and chromosomal defects. Retractile testes can occur in boys where the testicle descended completely but a muscle reflex causes a testicle to move back and forth from the scrotum to the groin.. ...
Ibuprofen results in alterations of human fetal testis development - Université de Rennes 1Ibuprofen results in alterations of human fetal testis development - Université de Rennes 1
Among pregnant women ibuprofen is one of the most frequently used pharmaceutical compounds with up to 28% reporting use. Regardless of this, it remains unknown whether ibuprofen could act as an endocrine disruptor as reported for fellow analgesics paracetamol and aspirin. To investigate this, we exposed human fetal testes (7-17 gestational weeks (GW)) to ibuprofen using ex vivo culture and xenograft systems. Ibuprofen suppressed testosterone and Leydig cell hormone INSL3 during culture of 8-9 GW fetal testes with concomitant reduction in expression of the steroidogenic enzymes CYP11A1, CYP17A1 and HSD17B3, and of INSL3. Testosterone was not suppressed in testes from fetuses younger than 8 GW, older than 10-12 GW, or in second trimester xenografted testes (14-17 GW). Ex vivo, ibuprofen also affected Sertoli cell by suppressing AMH production and mRNA expression of AMH, SOX9, DHH, and COL2A1. While PGE2 production was suppressed by ibuprofen, PGD2 production was not. Germ cell transcripts POU5F1, TFAP2C,
Testis Cancer | Kiavash Nikkhou, M.D.Testis Cancer | Kiavash Nikkhou, M.D.
There are approximately 8,800 new diagnosis of testis cancer each year, which account for 0.5% of all new cancer diagnoses. Most testis tumors present with a painless mass or swelling in the testis. The patients exam typically reveals a firm, nontender testis mass. Men between 20 and 34 years of age are at highest risk of testis cancer, with decreasing risk over time.. An abnormal testicular exam will trigger a full workup including tumor markers (HCG, AFP, B-HCG), testicular ultrasound and cross-sectional imaging (CT or MRI) to evaluate for metastatic disease. Unless bulky metastatic disease is seen, the patient will need to undergo radical orchiectomy. During this procedure, the affected testis will be removed through an incision in the groin as to not violate or disturb the lymphatic channels in the scrotum. The pathologist will evaluate for the type of tumor cells present which, in conjunction with postoperative tumor marker levels, will determine further therapy.. Testis cancers are ...
Effect of Selection for Size of Testes in Boars on Semen and Testis Tr by Ying-Tsorn Huang and Rodger K. Johnson"Effect of Selection for Size of Testes in Boars on Semen and Testis Tr" by Ying-Tsorn Huang and Rodger K. Johnson
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of selection for increased size of testes on semen and testis characteristics. Boars from a line selected for increased size of testes at 150 d of age (TS, n = 25) and a randomly selected control line (C, n = 18) were used. Semen was collected three times per week for 3 wk (TRT1) then daily for 3 wk (TRT2) beginning when boar age averaged 276 d. It was followed by a 4-wk period of one collection per week and then the TRT1-TRT2 sequence was repeated. After 64 collections, boars were castrated and testes were evaluated for sperm numbers. Volume of semen, percentage of motile sperm cells, and percentage of abnormal cells in the semen did not differ (P | .05) between lines. Concentration of sperm cells in the semen was greater for TS boars at TRT 1 (35.0 million cells/mL, P | .10) and TRT 2 (29.5 million cells/mL, P | .01). Number of sperm cells per ejaculate was greater for TS boars (6.1 and 4.3 billion cells for TRT 1 and TRT 2, respectively; P | .05
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NLRP3 in somatic non-immune cells of rodent and primate testes NLRP3 is part of the NLRP3 inflammasome and a global sensor of cellular damage. It was recently discovered in rodent Sertoli cells. We investigated NLRP3 in mouse, human and non-human primate (marmoset and rhesus macaque) testes, employing immunohistochemistry. Sertoli cells of all species expressed NLRP3, and the expression preceded puberty. In addition, peritubular cells of the adult human testes expressed NLRP3. NLRP3 and associated genes (PYCARD, CASP1, IL1B) were also found in isolated human testicular peritubular cells and the mouse Sertoli cell line TM4. Male infertility due to impairments of spermatogenesis may be related to sterile inflammatory events. We observed that the expression of NLRP3 was altered in the testes of patients suffering from mixed atrophy syndrome, in which tubules with impairments of spermatogenesis showed prominent NLRP3 staining. In order to explore a possible role of NLRP3 in male infertility, ...
Endocrine tests in phenotypic children with bilateral impalpable testes can reliably predict congenital anorchism<...Endocrine tests in phenotypic children with bilateral impalpable testes can reliably predict "congenital" anorchism<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Endocrine tests in phenotypic children with bilateral impalpable testes can reliably predict "congenital" anorchism. AU - Levitt, Selwyn B.. AU - Sobel, Edna H.. AU - Kogan, Stanley J.. AU - Mortimer, Robin H.. AU - Schneider, Keith M.. AU - Engel, Rainer M E. AU - Becker, Jerrold M.. PY - 1978. Y1 - 1978. N2 - Congenital anorchism is a rare condition. Bilateral impalpable undescended testes are relatively common by comparison. Surgical exploration has been regarded as the final arbiter between anorchism and bilateral cryptorchism. Exploration has not proved completely reliable in making this differentiation. Endocrine studies, particularly the human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) stimulation test together with measurements of basal plasma gonadotropins, can reliably exclude "functioning" testicular tissue. Eleven fully evaluated and operated cases support this contention. In the specific clinical setting of a normal phenotypic male child with a 46XY karyotype and no müllerian ...
Quantitative histological analysis and ultrastructure of the aging human testis - Semantic ScholarQuantitative histological analysis and ultrastructure of the aging human testis - Semantic Scholar
To quantitatively assess the histological and ultrastructural changes resulting from aging in the human testis. Age-related histological and ultrastructural changes were evaluated using light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and immunohistochemistry on 41 testicular samples obtained from elderly men and, respectively, assigned to group A (n = 20), 54-69 years old or group B (n = 21), 70-89 years old. Testicular samples derived from 17 young men were used for control. The numbers of Sertoli cells in the aged groups were significantly lower than that in the controls (p | 0.05). With the exception of the Sertoli cell ratios (germ cells/Sertoli cells) of spermatogonia and primary spermatocytes, results showed lower levels of the Sertoli cell ratios of round spermatids and elongated spermatids in the elderly men compared with the young men (p | 0.05). A similar degenerative pattern of the organelles was shown in germ cells and Sertoli cells in the aging testes under TEM.
Bovine testis and human erythrocytes contain different subtypes of membrane-associated Ins(1,4,5)P3/Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 5...Bovine testis and human erythrocytes contain different subtypes of membrane-associated Ins(1,4,5)P3/Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 5...
1. We have purified membrane-associated Ins(1,4,5)P3/Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 5-phosphatases from bovine testis and human erythrocytes by chromatography on several media, including a novel 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate affinity column. 2. The enzymes have apparent molecular masses of 42 kDa (testis) and 70 kDa (erythrocyte), as determined by SDS/PAGE, and affinities for Ins(1,4,5)P3 of 14 microM and 22 microM respectively. 3. The two enzymes hydrolyse both Ins(1,4,5)P3 and Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 and are therefore type I Ins(1,4,5)P3 5-phosphatases [nomenclature of Hansen, Johanson, Williamson and Williamson (1987) J. Biol. Chem. 262, 17319-17326]. 4. On chromatofocusing, the partially purified testicular enzyme migrates as two peaks of activity, with pI values of about 5.8 and 5.5. The erythrocyte enzyme exhibits only the latter peak. 5. The testis 5-phosphatase is labile at 37 degrees C, but its activity can be maintained in the presence of 50 mM phorbol dibutyrate (PdBu). After PdBu treatment, a third form of the ...
Undescended Testes (Cryptorchidism) | Department of UrologyUndescended Testes (Cryptorchidism) | Department of Urology
Cryptorchidism (or undescended testes) is a condition seen in newborns when one or both of the male testes have not passed down into the scrotal sac. About 10% of cases involve both testes. Cryptorchidism is more commonly seen in premature males because the testes do not descend from the abdomen to the scrotal sac until the seventh month of fetal development. ...
p53 Regulates Homeostasis in Irradiation-Injured Tissue in the Developing Brain and Mature Testis in the Small-Fish Model,...p53 Regulates Homeostasis in Irradiation-Injured Tissue in the Developing Brain and Mature Testis in the Small-Fish Model,...
The tumor suppressor protein p53 is considered a guardian of genome integrity, regulating the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in response to irradiation to block the transmission of teratogenic mutations to progeny cells. We examined the function of p53 in highly radiosensitive tissues, the developing brain and mature testis, using a small fish model, medaka (Oryzias latipes). Medaka offer advantages as a vertebrate model system, as the transparency and small size of the embryos enables clear detection of apoptotic cells in the developing brain. In addition, the simple architecture of medaka testes enables more precise identification of the differentiating spermatogenic stages compared with mammals. We found that in irradiated p53-deficient embryonic brain, diminished induction of apoptosis facilitated tissue regeneration earlier compared to irradiated wild-type embryos, which remained structural abnormalities in the retina at hatching. Moreover, the prominent delay in apoptotic induction
Adult testis stem cells to replace embryonic stem cells?Adult testis stem cells to replace embryonic stem cells?
Pluripotency of spermatogonial stem cells from adult mouse testis. Guan, Kaomei; Nayernia, Karim; Maier, Lars S.; Wagner, Stefan; Dressel, Ralf; Jae Ho Lee; Nolte, Jessica; Wolf, Frieder; Manyu Li; Engel, Wolfgang; Hasenfuss, Gerd // Nature;4/27/2006, Vol. 440 Issue 7088, p1199 Embryonic germ cells as well as germline stem cells from neonatal mouse testis are pluripotent and have differentiation potential similar to embryonic stem cells, suggesting that the germline lineage may retain the ability to generate pluripotent cells. However, until now there has been no... ...
Associations between body size, mating pattern, testis size and sperm lengths across butterflies | Proceedings of the Royal...Associations between body size, mating pattern, testis size and sperm lengths across butterflies | Proceedings of the Royal...
This paper investigates mechanisms of sperm competition by comparing reproductive characteristics across 74 butterfly species. Testis size scales with body size and, after controlling for this allometry, relative testis size increases with risk of sperm competition, as defined by female mating frequency. Both eupyrene (fertilizing) and apyrene (non-fertile) sperm lengths correlate positively with body size. After controlling for body size, relative eupyrene sperm lengths are greater in species where males experience higher risks of sperm competition. These results suggest that sperm competition in butterflies selects for increased investment in spermatogenesis, and specifically longer fertilizing sperm. Because longer sperm may be faster and more powerful, eupyrene sperm may therefore compete energetically, and are not selected to be minimally sized to maximize numbers for a purely raffle-based sperm competition mode. Apyrene sperm lengths are not affected directly by risk of encountering rival ...
In situ localization of rat testis-specific calcineurin B subunit isoform β1 in the developing rat testis<...In situ localization of rat testis-specific calcineurin B subunit isoform β1 in the developing rat testis<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - In situ localization of rat testis-specific calcineurin B subunit isoform β1 in the developing rat testis. AU - Miyamoto, Kazuhiro. AU - Matsui, Hideki. AU - Tomizawa, Kazuhito. AU - Kuwata, Yoshihiro. AU - Itano, Toshifumi. AU - Tokuda, Masaaki. AU - Hatase, Osamu. PY - 1994/9/15. Y1 - 1994/9/15. N2 - In situ localization and developmental changes in expression of testis-specific calcineurin B subunit isoform β1 was examined in rat testis. Two different sizes of mRNA signal, 4.0 kb and 0.9 kb, were detected by Northern blot hybridization. Both signals were expressed synchronously with the start of meiosis at 3 weeks after birth, and increased depending on the maturation of spermatogenesis. In situ hybridization using non-radioactive riboprobes showed that the β1 mRNA was specifically localized to spermatocytes where meiosis occurs but none or very little was observed in spermatogonia, spermatids, Sertoli or Leydig cells.. AB - In situ localization and developmental changes in ...
Germinal epithelium (male) - WikipediaGerminal epithelium (male) - Wikipedia
The germinal epithelium is the innermost layer of the testicle. Germinal epithelium is also known as the wall of the seminiferous tubule within the testes. The cells in the epithelium are connected via tight junctions. One may observe two types of cell in the germinal epithelium: The large Sertoli cells (which are not dividing) function as supportive cells to the developing sperm. The second cell type are the cells belonging to the spermatogenic cell lineage. These develop to eventually become sperm cells (Spermatozoon). Typically the spermatogenic cells will make four to eight layers in the germinal epithelium.[1] ...
Pdgfr-alpha mediates testis cord organization and fetal Leydig...Pdgfr-alpha mediates testis cord organization and fetal Leydig...
Pdgfr-alpha mediates testis cord organization and fetal Leydig cell development in the XY gonad.: During testis development, the rapid morphological changes ini
Comparison of enzymatic digestion and mechanical dissociation of human testicular tissues | Fertility and Sterility DialogComparison of enzymatic digestion and mechanical dissociation of human testicular tissues | Fertility and Sterility Dialog
Medimachine dissociation of human testicular tissues results in a cell suspension enriched for SALL4-positive undifferentiated spermatogonia.
The expression of mouse gene P1A in testis does not prevent safe induction of cytolytic T cells against a P1A-encoded tumor...The expression of mouse gene P1A in testis does not prevent safe induction of cytolytic T cells against a P1A-encoded tumor...
Tumor antigen P815AB is recognized by cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) on mouse mastocytoma P815. This antigen is encoded by P1A, a gene activated in several tumors but silent in normal tissues except for testis and placenta. Notwithstanding the expression of P1A in testis, we found that male mice mounted P815AB-specific CTL responses as efficiently as females. The responding males remained fertile and no autoimmune lesions were observed in their testes. By immunohistochemistry with a rabbit antiserum directed against the P1A protein, we identified spermatogonia as the testicular cells expressing P1A. The absence of MHC class-I molecules on spermatogonia could be one of the mechanisms of protection against testicular autoimmunity, as the antigenic peptide should not be displayed at the cell surface. Human genes MAGE, BAGE and GAGE, which also code for tumor antigens recognized by autologous CTL, are not expressed in normal tissues other than testis. The results obtained in mice with antigen P815AB ...
Studies on the regulation of testosterone delta four-5 alpha- Reductase in the rat testis :: MUSC Theses and DissertationsStudies on the regulation of testosterone delta four-5 alpha- Reductase in the rat testis :: MUSC Theses and Dissertations
The reduction of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone in the testis is catalyzed by Δ4-5α-reductase (EC 1. 3.1.4). Dihydrotestosterone is reduced further to 5α-androstane-3α, 17β-diol. The 5α-reductase is the rate-limiting step in the conversion of testosterone to androstanediol. The in vitro activity of this enzyme in the rat testis is notably elevated in prepubertal animals but decreases to low levels in the mature rat. Previous in viv~ studies have indicated that gonadotropins may regulate the activity of 5α-reductase in the rat testis. In this work, in vitro and..:in vivo experiments have been performed in order to study the role of gonadotropins and cyclic nucleotides in the regulation of testicular 5α-reductase in the rat. The 5α-reductase activity has been determined in testicular tissue from rats 5 to 60 days of age using an in vitro assay. The level of activity was low in the neonatal rat. The levels were increased at 20 days of age with a peak activity at about day 30. In the ...
Mammalian spermatogenesis consists of many cell types and biological processes and - Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel PI3K...Mammalian spermatogenesis consists of many cell types and biological processes and - Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel PI3K...
Mammalian spermatogenesis consists of many cell types and biological processes and serves as an excellent model for studying gene regulation at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. identified five major regulatory mechanisms termed transcript only, transcript degradation, translation repression, translation de-repression, and protein degradation based on changes in protein level relative to changes in mRNA level at the mitosis/meiosis transition and the meiosis/post-meiotic development transition. We found that post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms are related to the generation of piRNAs and antisense transcripts. Our results provide a valuable inventory of proteins produced during mouse spermatogenesis and contribute to elucidating the mechanisms of the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in mammalian spermatogenesis. Spermatogenesis in animals is usually a complex yet tightly regulated developmental process that involves many cell types. Similar to other ...
Sertoli cells are the target of environmental toxicants in the testis- by Ying Gao, Dolores D. Mruk et al."Sertoli cells are the target of environmental toxicants in the testis-" by Ying Gao, Dolores D. Mruk et al.
Introduction: Sertoli cells support germ cell development in the testis via an elaborate network of cell junctions that confers structural, communicating, and signaling support. However, Sertoli cell junctions and cytoskeletons are the target of environmental toxicants. Because germ cells rely on Sertoli cells for the provision of structural/functional/nutritional support, exposure of males to toxicants leads to germ cell exfoliation due to Sertoli cell injuries. Interestingly, the molecular mechanism(s) by which toxicants induce cytoskeletal disruption that leads to germ cell exfoliation is unclear, until recent years, which are discussed herein. This information can possibly be used to therapeutically manage toxicant-induced infertility/subfertility in human males. Areas covered: In this review, we provide a brief update on the use of Sertoli cell system developed for rodents and humans in vitro, which can be deployed in any research laboratory with minimal upfront setup costs. These systems can be
Effect of neonatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol on testicular gene expressionEffect of neonatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol on testicular gene expression
Neonatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol DES leads to the alteration of gene expression in the testis in the long term. NCBI, 2004.
Mammalian spermatogenesis is certainly a complicated differentiation process that occurs inMammalian spermatogenesis is certainly a complicated differentiation process that occurs in
... many stages in the seminiferous tubules of the testes. attained from entire testes to end up being separated with a water lean. The STA-PUT technique, exhibited right here, uses a linear BSA gradient and basic sedimentation to individual spermatogenic cells centered on size and mass6-9. The STA-PUT technique offers many advantages over the additional two most broadly utilized strategies to individual spermatogenic cell types: FACS and elutriation10-13. The STA-PUT equipment needs just many items of specific glassware put together in a chilly space or huge refrigerator. Therefore, it is usually much less costly than using a cell sorter or an elutriator. The STA-PUT technique produces higher quantities of cells per cell type and testis than can become categorized by FACS in a similar period framework, although the chastity of each cell 158013-43-5 supplier populace is usually not really as high as those ...
Gey With Hot Penis Testis Pictures, Photos, Images and Graphics - Myspace, HI5 & FriendsterGey With Hot Penis Testis Pictures, Photos, Images and Graphics - Myspace, HI5 & Friendster
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5.1.1 Testis5.1.1 Testis
... (Interactive Diagram) -What are the principal functional compartments of the testis? -What are the functions of the testis? -What is cryptorchidism and what are its consequences? -What is the blood-testis barrier? -What is the function of androgen-binding protein and where is it synthesized ...
5.1.1 Testis5.1.1 Testis
... (Interactive Diagram) -What are the principal functional compartments of the testis? -What are the functions of the testis? -What is cryptorchidism and what are its consequences? -What is the blood-testis barrier? -What is the function of androgen-binding protein and where is it synthesized ...
Desenvolvimento de testes de atividade específica de bactérias nitrificantesDesenvolvimento de testes de atividade específica de bactérias nitrificantes
A presença, em altas concentrações, de nitrogênio, em suas diversas formas, causada pela descarga de efluentes em corpos receptores, pode causar diversos, e sérios, problemas ambientais. O tratamento biológico oferece uma alternativa para a eliminação deste contaminante, onde, uma das etapas consiste na nitrificação do efluente através de bactérias nitrificantes conhecidas como Nitrosomonas e Nitrobacter. Testes de nitrificação em batelada foram realizados afim de estabelecer-se parâmetros a serem adotados em testes de atividade específica de bactérias nitrificantes. Os testes de nitrificação foram realizados, utilizando-se, como substrato, efluentes sintético e de uma unidade frigorífica da Sadia, e como inóculo, um lodo coletado de uma estação de tratamento de esgotos da CASAN em Florianópolis,SC. Os testes foram conduzidos em reatores em batelada confeccionados em vidro e posteriormente em garrafas de PET de 2L, onde foram controlados os seguintes fatores: temperatura ...
Question on Intratesticular Testosterone and AI Ineffectiveness? - T Replacement - Forums - T NationQuestion on Intratesticular Testosterone and AI Ineffectiveness? - T Replacement - Forums - T Nation
KSman I Have seen on a few of Your post that once intratesticular testosterone levels reach a higher level an AI is ineffective, as Im a little confused? From my findings an AI should reduce aromatase by large percentage( dose depending ), in other words if 1 mg of arimidex isnt reducing aromatase,raise dosage accordingly to a level to effectively lower aromatase at the cell or blood serum estrogen levels. Please understand that Im not doubting your words or findings, Im trying to find an ...
Spontaneous in vitro seminiferous tubule formation from human isolated testis cells - Université de Rennes 1Spontaneous in vitro seminiferous tubule formation from human isolated testis cells - Université de Rennes 1
R. Alvarenga, G Avelar, S. Lacerda, Ap Satie, Dominique Mahé, et al.. Spontaneous in vitro seminiferous tubule formation from human isolated testis cells. V Workshop on Male Reproductive Biology (V WMRB), Dec 2015, Sao Paulo, Brazil. ⟨hal-02435234⟩ ...
Undescended Testes and Retractile Testes - Childrens Health Issues - MSD Manual Consumer VersionUndescended Testes and Retractile Testes - Children's Health Issues - MSD Manual Consumer Version
Undescended Testes and Retractile Testes - Learn about the causes, symptoms, diagnosis & treatment from the MSD Manuals - Medical Consumer Version.
Cadmium-induced testicular injury | Population CouncilCadmium-induced testicular injury | Population Council
Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental toxicant and an endocrine disruptor in humans and rodents. Several organs (e.g., kidney, liver) are affected by Cd and recent studies have illustrated that the testis is exceedingly sensitive to Cd toxicity. More important, Cd and other toxicants, such as heavy metals (e.g., lead, mercury) and estrogenic-based compounds (e.g., bisphenols) may account for the recent declining fertility in men among developed countries by reducing sperm count and testis function. In this review, we critically discuss recent data in the field that have demonstrated the Cd-induced toxicity to the testis is probably the result of interactions of a complex network of causes. This is likely to involve the disruption of the blood-testis barrier (BTB) via specific signal transduction pathways and signaling molecules, such as p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). We also summarize current studies on factors that confer and/or regulate the testis sensitivity to Cd, such as Cd ...
Suggest treatment for undescended testis - Doctors insight on HealthcareMagicSuggest treatment for undescended testis - Doctor's insight on HealthcareMagic
Brief answer: Needs immediate surgery. Detailed answer: Hi, welcome to HCM. In your child, there is microphallus and both testis are undescended and are in inguinal region, this will need immediate surgery as undescended testis may lead to complications in future. It can lead to carcinoma. I...
The Testes And Their Coverings - ProhealthsysThe Testes And Their Coverings - Prohealthsys
Structure. The glandular structure of the testis consists of numerous lobules. Their number, in a single testis, is estimated by Berres at 250, and by Krause at 400. They differ in size according to their position, those in the middle of the gland being larger and longer. The lobules (Fig. 91149) are conical in shape, the base being directed toward the circumference of the organ, the apex toward the mediastinum. Each lobule is contained in one of the intervals between the fibrous septa which extend between the mediastinum testis and the tunica albuginea, and consists of from one to three, or more, minute convoluted tubes, the tubuli seminiferi. The tubules may be separately unravelled, by careful dissection under water, and may be seen to commence either by free cecal ends or by anastomotic loops. They are supported by loose connective tissue which contains here and there groups of interstitial cells containing yellow pigment granules. The total number of tubules is estimated by Lauth at 840, ...
Undescended Testes in Children - Memorial Health SystemUndescended Testes in Children - Memorial Health System
Undescended testes is when one or both of the male testes have not passed down into the scrotal sac. This is a condition seen in some newborn baby boys.
Undescended Testes in ChildrenUndescended Testes in Children
Undescended testes is when one or both of the male testes have not passed down into the scrotal sac. This is a condition seen in some newborn baby boys.
Undescended Testes in ChildrenUndescended Testes in Children
Undescended testes is when one or both of the male testes have not passed down into the scrotal sac. This is a condition seen in some newborn baby boys.
Undescended Testes in ChildrenUndescended Testes in Children
Undescended testes is when one or both of the male testes have not passed down into the scrotal sac. This is a condition seen in some newborn baby boys.
Pituitary and testicular response to hypothalamic LH-releasing hormone (LH-RH) in normal and oligospermic men | MetaPituitary and testicular response to hypothalamic LH-releasing hormone (LH-RH) in normal and oligospermic men | Meta
A comparative study was done of the basal and post-LH-RH stimulation levels of LH, FSH and Testosterone (T) in 10 healthy, male volunteers, aged 24-35 years, and in 25 normogonadotropic oligospermic men aged 23-43 years in whom other endocrine, urologic and/or vascular diseases had been rules out. Seventeen of the latter group underwent bilateral testicular biopsy. Each subject received rapid i.v. injection of 50 mug synthetic LH-RH at 8:00 A.M. Serum levels of LH, FSH and T were determined by radioimmunoassay on samples obtained immediately before and 30 and 45 minutes after injection. As compared to normals, oligospermic men had a lower average LH response, although the basal values did not differ significantly from normal. FSH levels did not differ significantly between groups, although some individual patients showed higher and some lower than normal values. The possibility of stimulating T secretion with LH-RH was confirmed. Average serum T levels rose more slowly and reached lower levels ...
HP1γ function is required for male germ cell survival and spermatogenesis | Epigenetics & Chromatin | Full TextHP1γ function is required for male germ cell survival and spermatogenesis | Epigenetics & Chromatin | Full Text
The similarity of the Cbx3hypo/hypospermatogenesis defect to Dnmt3L and Miwi2 mutants [21, 22] prompted us to investigate whether there were any changes in the expression of retrotransposon expression in the mutant testes. For this, we used a polyclonal antibody to the L1-encoded ORF1 protein [23]. ORF1p is required for L1 transposition, and its levels of expression are increased in germ cells, as the L1 transposons become de-repressed [24, 25]. Using this antibody, we found that 45% of the tubules in Cbx3hypo/hypotestes that contained germ cells were positive by immunohistochemistry for ORF1 protein expression, compared with 5% in wild-type testes (see Additional file 6 and 7, Figure s6 and Figure s7). Again, this indicates that the Cbx3hypo/hypomutation may affect the same silencing pathway that is affected in the Dnmt3L and Miwi2 mutants [21, 22].. We next investigated whether the Cbx3 hypo mutation affects the expression of the other two HP1 isotypes, HP1α and HP1β. Accordingly, we stained ...
Doctors Hub: Why Your Testes Are Hanging Outside The Body?Doctors' Hub: Why Your Testes Are Hanging Outside The Body?
The testes or testicles work their best at temperatures slightly less than the ones core body temperature. The spematogenesis (formation of sperms) does not occur properly at higher temperatures. This is presumably why the Nature has kept the testes outside the body in the scrotum. In this way, the heat dissipates easily through the skin of the scrotum. ...
pTestis - Phosphorylation in TestispTestis - Phosphorylation in Testis
Spermatogenesis, the sperm-generating process, is a complex process involving mitosis of spermatogonia, meiosis of spermatocytes and spermiogenesis of spermatids. The protein expression levels have been well studied by high-throughput proteomic studies, however, the PTMs including phosphorylation have been less explored. Using advanced mass spectrometry, we successfully identified 17,971 phosphorylation sites of 4131 phosphoproteins from adult mouse testes. Gene ontology annotation reveals that those phosphoproteins mainly function in spermatogenesis, mitosis, transcription, translational regulation and RNA splicing. Substrate and kinase annotation reveals important roles of PLK family kinases in the testicular phosphoproteome. Using small molecule inhibitor of PLKs, we found that PLKs play important functions in the spermatocyte cell line GC2. This mouse testicular phosphoproteome can be a rich resource for the study of mechanisms of spermatogenesis ...
Vaga para Analista de Automação de Testes - BH, MG | Agile TestersVaga para Analista de Automação de Testes - BH, MG | Agile Testers
Vaga para Analista de Automação de Testes - BH, MG A Base2, empresa mineira há 13 anos trabalhando exclusivamente com testes de software, está recrutando um analisa de automação de testes. Requisitos obrigatórios: Experiência prática de pelo menos 1 ano ...
THE DISTRIBUTION OF INORGANIC CATIONS IN MOUSE TESTIS | JCBTHE DISTRIBUTION OF INORGANIC CATIONS IN MOUSE TESTIS | JCB
For localization of pyroantimonate-precipitable cations, mouse testes were fixed with a saturated aqueous solution of potassium pyroantimonate (pH about 9.2, without addition of any conventional fixative), hardened with formaldehyde, and postosmicated. A good preservation of the cell membranes and over-all cell morphology is obtained as well as a consistent and reproducible localization of the insoluble antimonate salts of magnesium, calcium, and sodium. Four sites of prominent antimonate deposits are revealed, besides a more or less uniform distribution of the precipitates. These sites are: (a) In the walls of the seminiferous tubules, localized in two concentric layers corresponding to the inner and outer layers of the tubular wall; (b) Around the blood vessels and adjacent connective tissue; (c) At the area of contact between the Sertoli cell and spermatids, where a double line of precipitate surrounds the head of the mature spermatids; and (d) In the cell nuclei, disposed between regions of ...
Temperature-induced elevation of basal metabolic rate does not affect testis growth in great tits › KNAW Research PortalTemperature-induced elevation of basal metabolic rate does not affect testis growth in great tits › KNAW Research Portal
The timing of reproduction varies from year to year in many bird species. To adjust their timing to the prevailing conditions of that year, birds use cues from their environment. However, the relative importance of these cues, such as the initial predictive (e. g. photoperiod) and the supplemental factors (e. g. temperature), on the seasonal sexual development are difficult to distinguish. In particular, the fine-tuning effect of temperature on gonadal growth is not well known. One way temperature may affect timing is via its strong effect on energy expenditure as gonadal growth is an energy-demanding process. To study the interaction of photoperiod and temperature on gonadal development, we first exposed 35 individually housed male great tits (Parus major) to mid-long days (after 6 weeks of 8h L:16 h D at 15 degrees C, photoperiod was set to 13h L:11 h D at 15 degrees C). Two weeks later, for half of the males the temperature was set to 8 degrees C, and for the other half t! o 22 degrees C. ...
Cancer testis antigen vaccination affords long-term protection in a murine model of ovarian cancer. - Science ExchangeCancer testis antigen vaccination affords long-term protection in a murine model of ovarian cancer. - Science Exchange
Sperm protein (Sp17) is an attractive target for ovarian cancer (OC) vaccines because of its over-expression in primary as well as in metastatic lesions, at all stages of the disease. Our studies suggest that a Sp17-based vaccine can induce an enduring defense against OC development in C57BL/6 mice with ID8 cells, following prophylactic and therapeutic treatments. This is the first time that a mouse counterpart of a cancer testis antigen (Sp17) was shown to be expressed in an OC mouse model, and that vaccination against this antigen significantly controlled tumor growth. Our study shows that the CpG-adjuvated Sp17 vaccine overcomes the issue of immunologic tolerance, the major barrier to the development of effective immunotherapy for OC. Furthermore, this study provides a better understanding of OC biology by showing that Th-17 cells activation and contemporary immunosuppressive T-reg cells inhibition is required for vaccine efficacy. Taken together, these results indicate that prophylactic and ...
Cryptorchidism - Undescended Testes Summary Report | CureHunterCryptorchidism - Undescended Testes Summary Report | CureHunter
Cryptorchidism: A developmental defect in which a TESTIS or both TESTES failed to descend from high in the ABDOMEN to the bottom of the SCROTUM. Testicular descent is essential to normal SPERMATOGENESIS which requires temperature lower than the BODY TEMPERATURE. Cryptorchidism can be subclassified by the location of the maldescended testis.
IJERPH | Free Full-Text | Effects of Benzo(a)pyrene on Intra-testicular Function in F-344 RatsIJERPH | Free Full-Text | Effects of Benzo(a)pyrene on Intra-testicular Function in F-344 Rats
The objective of this study was to evaluate the reproductive risk associated with exposure of adult male Fisher-344 (F-344) rats to inhaled benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), a ubiquitous environmental toxicant present in cigarette smoke, automobile exhaust fumes and industrial emissions. Rats were assigned randomly to a treatment or control group. Treatment consisted of exposure of rats via nose-only inhalation to 75μg BaP/m3, 4 hours daily for 60 days, while control animals were unexposed (UNC). Blood samples were collected immediately on day 60 of exposures (time 0) and subsequently at 24, 48, and 72 hours, to assess the effect of exposures to BaP on plasma testosterone and luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations. Mean testis weight, total weight of tubules and total tubular length per paired testes were reduced 33% (P| 0.025), 27% (P | 0.01) and 39%, respectively in exposed rats (P | 0.01) compared with UNC rats. The number of homogenization -resistant spermatids was significantly reduced in BaP-exposed versus
Pseudorhabdosynochus hyphessometochusPseudorhabdosynochus hyphessometochus
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Deoxyhypusine monooxygenaseDeoxyhypusine monooxygenase
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Serine/threonine-specific protein kinaseSerine/threonine-specific protein kinase
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsInformation Science
TestisRete TestisSpermatogenesisSertoli CellsCryptorchidismLeydig CellsSpermatidsSpermatozoaSpermatogoniaEpididymisSeminiferous EpitheliumTesticular DiseasesTestosteroneSpermatocytesTesticular NeoplasmsSperm CountOrgan SizeSpermatic Cord TorsionInfertility, MaleGerm CellsOrchitisGenitalia, MaleSexual MaturationScrotumMolecular Sequence DataRNA, MessengerBlood-Testis BarrierTissue DistributionSex DifferentiationOrgan SpecificityAmino Acid SequenceBase SequenceImmunohistochemistryOrchiectomyOvarySex-Determining Region Y ProteinFertilitySeminal VesiclesDNA, ComplementarySex Determination ProcessesFollicle Stimulating HormoneGonadsSertoli Cell TumorIn Situ HybridizationOrchiopexyDibutyl PhthalateReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalRats, Sprague-DawleyBlotting, NorthernCloning, MolecularSperm MotilityLuteinizing HormoneSeminomaTesticular HormonesGene ExpressionSperm MaturationVaricoceleSpermatic CordMeiosisInhibinsSOX9 Transcription FactorGenes, sryDiethylhexyl PhthalateReproduction
Testis library requestTestis library request
Testes legal definition of TestesTestes legal definition of Testes
Expression of Fas-Fas Ligand in Murine Testis - Xu - 2011 - American Journal of Reproductive Immunology - Wiley Online LibraryExpression of Fas-Fas Ligand in Murine Testis - Xu - 2011 - American Journal of Reproductive Immunology - Wiley Online Library
INILAH KISAH HIDUP ANE,SANG PENGIDAP UNDESENSUS TESTIS | KASKUSINILAH KISAH HIDUP ANE,SANG PENGIDAP UNDESENSUS TESTIS | KASKUS
Mesonephric contribution to testis differentiation in the fetal mouse | DevelopmentMesonephric contribution to testis differentiation in the fetal mouse | Development
Testes de Inglês - English ExpertsTestes de Inglês - English Experts
O aluno sob medida: os testes psicológicos e educacionais como tecnologiaO aluno sob medida: os testes psicológicos e educacionais como tecnologia
Ectopic testis | Radiology Case | Radiopaedia.orgEctopic testis | Radiology Case | Radiopaedia.org
Newcastle Hospitals - Radiotherapy of the testes leukaemia for childrenNewcastle Hospitals - Radiotherapy of the testes leukaemia for children
Testes Histology - Seminiferous tubules, mouse - histology slideTestes Histology - Seminiferous tubules, mouse - histology slide
RE: Mouse testes processingRE: Mouse testes processing
Casa Thomas Jefferson | Testes InternacionaisCasa Thomas Jefferson | Testes Internacionais
Congenital absence of testes - RightDiagnosis.comCongenital absence of testes - RightDiagnosis.com
Transplanting rat testes to secondary rats neck to preserve spermatogenesisTransplanting rat testes to secondary rat's neck to preserve spermatogenesis
Asymmetric division of cyst stem cells in Drosophila testis is ensured by anaphase spindle repositioning | DevelopmentAsymmetric division of cyst stem cells in Drosophila testis is ensured by anaphase spindle repositioning | Development
Expression analysis of the human testis-specific serine/threonine kina by ZL Hao, KN Jha et al."Expression analysis of the human testis-specific serine/threonine kina" by ZL Hao, KN Jha et al.
Lobules of testis - WikipediaLobules of testis - Wikipedia
Testis | anatomy | Britannica.comTestis | anatomy | Britannica.com
Teratoma of Testis | The BMJTeratoma of Testis | The BMJ
testes - Wiktionarytestes - Wiktionary
Testes diagnósticos - EnglishTestes diagnósticos - English
Transabdominal Migration of the Testis | SpringerLinkTransabdominal Migration of the Testis | SpringerLink
Bacillus testisBacillus testis
Two Cases of Pubopenile Testis | The BMJTwo Cases of Pubopenile Testis | The BMJ
Spermatogonial stem cells of the testis | PNASSpermatogonial stem cells of the testis | PNAS
Testes: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaTestes: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
Undescended Testes | Encyclopedia.comUndescended Testes | Encyclopedia.com
Descensus testis | Define Descensus testis at Dictionary.comDescensus testis | Define Descensus testis at Dictionary.com
Definitions of blood-testis barrier - OneLook Dictionary SearchDefinitions of blood-testis barrier - OneLook Dictionary Search
Now, artificial testis from AIIMS | delhi | Hindustan TimesNow, artificial testis from AIIMS | delhi | Hindustan Times
Palestra Testes Unidade Com JUnitPalestra Testes Unidade Com JUnit
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Testes de IntegraçãoTestes de Integração
Salmon Testes Spawn Data Storage Device | WIREDSalmon Testes Spawn Data Storage Device | WIRED
TestesTestes
Gubernaculum testis | Definition of Gubernaculum testis at Dictionary.comGubernaculum testis | Definition of Gubernaculum testis at Dictionary.com
American Urological Association - Rete TestisAmerican Urological Association - Rete Testis
About: Hormones of the testisAbout: Hormones of the testis
Testis - Medical Dictionary / Glossary | MedindiaTestis - Medical Dictionary / Glossary | Medindia
About: Hormones of the testisAbout: Hormones of the testis
Testis cancer - definition of Testis cancer by The Free DictionaryTestis cancer - definition of Testis cancer by The Free Dictionary
Cryptorchid testis - definition of cryptorchid testis by The Free DictionaryCryptorchid testis - definition of cryptorchid testis by The Free Dictionary
Interstitial cell tumor of testis definition | Drugs.comInterstitial cell tumor of testis definition | Drugs.com
Testis Cancer Rates Continue to Rise | Medpage TodayTestis Cancer Rates Continue to Rise | Medpage Today
Varicocele and a Vascular Tumor in the TestisVaricocele and a Vascular Tumor in the Testis
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsInformation Science
TestisRete TestisSpermatogenesisSertoli CellsCryptorchidismLeydig CellsSpermatidsSpermatozoaSpermatogoniaEpididymisSeminiferous EpitheliumTesticular DiseasesTestosteroneSpermatocytesTesticular NeoplasmsSperm CountOrgan SizeSpermatic Cord TorsionInfertility, MaleGerm CellsOrchitisGenitalia, MaleSexual MaturationScrotumMolecular Sequence DataRNA, MessengerBlood-Testis BarrierTissue DistributionSex DifferentiationOrgan SpecificityAmino Acid SequenceBase SequenceImmunohistochemistryOrchiectomyOvarySex-Determining Region Y ProteinFertilitySeminal VesiclesDNA, ComplementarySex Determination ProcessesFollicle Stimulating HormoneGonadsSertoli Cell TumorIn Situ HybridizationOrchiopexyDibutyl PhthalateReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalRats, Sprague-DawleyBlotting, NorthernCloning, MolecularSperm MotilityLuteinizing HormoneSeminomaTesticular HormonesGene ExpressionSperm MaturationVaricoceleSpermatic CordMeiosisInhibinsSOX9 Transcription FactorGenes, sryDiethylhexyl PhthalateReproduction
Right testisEpididymisDrosophilaOvarySpermSpermatogenesisCancerRatsProteinKanker testisImmunologyRealizadosHistologicalDifferentiationReteSizeMiceBakalSkrotumCord formationScrotumMediastinum testisTesticlesGubernaculum testisTumorsTorsionAssociated with hydrocele testisCryptorchidismSpermatic cordTesticular cancerSmall testesInduced by varicoceleCancerSingle testisMister TestisSearchHydrocelePluralTunica albugineaReproductiveTumorPathwaysOvariesTissueAbdomenRetroperitonealSeminiferousAbnormalHormoneCancersSeminomaInguinalSperm countsGeneBlood-testisTumoursDescentSpermatocytesResultadosOccursSPECIESAdult human
Right testis4
Epididymis1
Drosophila1
  • The PPI neighborhood predicted that STK31 was bodily associated to the PIWI (initially P-element Induced WImpy testis in Drosophila ) and Tudor households. (fly-ted.org)
Ovary5
  • Antagonism of the testis- and ovary-determining pathways during ovotes" by D Wilhelm, L L. Washburn et al. (jax.org)
  • Antagonism of the testis- and ovary-determining pathways during ovotestis development in mice. (jax.org)
  • Ovotestis development in B6-XY(POS) mice provides a rare opportunity to study the interaction of the testis- and ovary-determining pathways in the same tissue. (jax.org)
  • We studied expression of several markers of mouse fetal testis (SRY, SOX9) or ovary (FOXL2, Rspo1) development in B6-XY(POS) ovotestes by immunofluorescence, using normal testes and ovaries as controls. (jax.org)
  • Together these findings provide important new insights into the molecular regulation of testis and ovary development. (jax.org)
Sperm8
  • If the transplanted testes continue to produce sperm, they can be harvested at a later date, or even better, be returned to the original patient after completion of cancer treatment. (medicalxpress.com)
  • More testing is required to learn about the survival rates of testes in the neck and how long they will continue to produce sperm. (medicalxpress.com)
  • The Aussie researchers found that male frogs living in rainier environments have larger testes and more motile sperm than those of the same species in drier areas. (wsbuzz.com)
  • We found a striking divergence in testes size, sperm quantity, motility and length among P. guentheri populations that corresponded with annual rainfall and rainfall seasonality,' the scientists from University of Western Australia say in their study. (wsbuzz.com)
  • During measurements, researchers focused on a range of traits related to sperm competition, including testes size, sperm density, sperm length and 'sperm motility' - its ability to move independently. (wsbuzz.com)
  • Males from the northern and drier edge of the species range were found to have smaller testes containing fewer, smaller and less motile sperm, meanwhile. (wsbuzz.com)
  • Other factors, such as differences in resource availability and genetics, may also play a role in testes and sperm. (wsbuzz.com)
  • Increased variability in nuclear dna content of testis cells and sperm" by M L. Meistrich, S Lake et al. (jax.org)
Spermatogenesis5
  • Medical Xpress)-A team of researchers with members from Tokyo Medical University and Aichi Medical University, both in Japan, has tested the feasibility of removing testes from one rat and surgically implanting them into the neck of another rat to preserve spermatogenesis for the first rat. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Samangsa pubertas, testis tumuwuh kanggo miwiti spermatogenesis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ukuran testis gumantung ing prodhuksi sperma (akèhé spermatogenesis), cuwèran intersisial, lan prodhuksi cuwèran saka sel Sertoli . (wikipedia.org)
  • The spermatogenesis of Pseudis limellum, from the Southern Pantanal, Brazil, was studied from July 1995 to May 1996, through histological sections of the testis. (unesp.br)
  • The spermatogenesis in P limellum is very similar to that of other anurans, but peculiarities were observed regarding the organization of the germ cells, the great amount of free Sertoli cells in the lumen of testis collected in May, and the long cytoplasmatic extensions of the cells bearing pigments and involving the seminiferous tubule. (unesp.br)
Cancer1
  • The medical price, regulatory mechanisms, and gene neighborhood of the cancer-testis gene STK31 in pancreatic most cancers. (fly-ted.org)
Rats5
  • In this case, the researchers removed testes from several rats and placed them inside the necks of other rats to test the feasibility of such an approach. (medicalxpress.com)
  • The researchers report that they conducted the procedure on 12 rats and, for comparison, also implanted testes into the testicular sacks of several host rats . (medicalxpress.com)
  • In the present study, we developed a new and simple model of the heterotopic testis transplantation (HTT), which is donor testis transplantation into the cervical region of recipients, in a syngeneic model in rats [donor Lewis (LEW) graft to LEW recipient]. (medicalxpress.com)
  • 93 94 95 96 96 97 98 100 101 102 102 105 107 112 113 INTRODUCTION This paper deals with a similar type of degeneration found in the testes of two groups of albino rats which had been subjected to very different treatment. (booksc.org)
  • 24 22 20 18 DEGENERATION IN THE RAT TESTIS 95 inability to stand, but frequently to render the rats absolutely motionless. (booksc.org)
Protein1
Kanker testis1
Immunology1
Realizados1
Histological1
Differentiation1
  • At the poles, even though SOX9 was not up-regulated, SRY expression was down-regulated normally as in XY testes, and FOXL2 was expressed from an early stage, demonstrating ovarian differentiation in these areas. (jax.org)
Rete1
  • Spermatozoa (sel winih kang wis siyap kanggo diejakulasiké ), bakal gerak saka tubulus nuju rete testis , duktus efferen , lan epididimis . (wikipedia.org)
Size1
Mice1
Bakal5
  • Apakah ane bakal tetep punya keturunan?Apakah testis ane yang satunya bakal balik ke skrotum? (kaskus.co.id)
  • Ing tubulus spermatikus ana otot kremaster kang manawa kontraksi bakal ngangkat testis nyeraki awak. (wikipedia.org)
  • Yèn suhu testis didhunaké, otot kremaster bakal relaksasi lan testis bakal ngedohi awak. (wikipedia.org)
  • Miturut téyori para ahli, manuk migunakaké kanthong udharané kanggo njaga suhu optimal testis, nanging ing panlitèn saterusé disebutaké manawa testis manuk fungsiné bakal apik ing suhu awak. (wikipedia.org)
  • Yèn spérma ana reaksi karo antibodi bakal njalari radhang testis lan ngurangi kasuburan. (wikipedia.org)
Skrotum4
  • Menurut cerita ibu ane,dulu waktu ngelahirin ngga sempurna jadi testis ane nggak berada di skrotum (kantong testis)cuma 1 testis aja yang berada di skrotum. (kaskus.co.id)
  • Waktu itu ane lagi main petak umpet,waktu ane lagi asyik lari eh tiba tiba testis satunya yang disebelah kanan (bukan yg berada di skrotum) nyeri banget. (kaskus.co.id)
  • Manungsa (priya) duwé testis loro kang dibungkus skrotum . (wikipedia.org)
  • Ing mamalia , testis papané ing njaban awak, digandhéngaké karo tubulus spermatikus lan papané ing njeron skrotum. (wikipedia.org)
Cord formation1
  • In ovotestes, SOX9 was expressed only in the central region where SRY is expressed earliest, resulting in testis cord formation. (jax.org)
Scrotum17
Mediastinum testis4
Testicles3
Gubernaculum testis2
Tumors4
Torsion6
Associated with hydrocele testis1
Cryptorchidism3
Spermatic cord1
Testicular cancer7
  • An adult man is three to 17 times more likely to develop testicular cancer if he has had a testis that did not descend naturally. (encyclopedia.com)
  • The incidence of testicular cancer in men who did not have both testes descend normally is about 1 in 2000. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Undescended testes are of concern because, although they are not known to be a threat to the child's immediate health, they are associated with an increased likelihood of negative outcomes later in life, including an increased likelihood of sterility and an increased incidence of testicular cancer. (encyclopedia.com)
  • The positive association of testis cancer with hyperemesis gravidarum, (33,34) an increased frequency of testicular cancer in the firstborn of sibships, (35) and the temporary decline in testis cancer incidence in Norwegian babies born during the deprivations of World War II (36,37) support an important role of maternal hyperestrogenism in predisposing to testicular cancer. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • FRIDAY, Aug. 31, 2018 (HealthDay News) -- Young boys with undescended testes are at increased risk for testicular cancer and infertility in adulthood, new research suggests. (healthday.com)
  • Boys born with undescended testes had 2.4 times the risk of adult testicular cancer compared to other boys, the University of Sydney researchers reported. (healthday.com)
  • The study provides new evidence to support international guidelines recommending surgery before 18 months for boys with undescended testes to reduce the risk of both testicular cancer and infertility later in life," senior author Natasha Nassar, an epidemiologist, said in a university news release. (healthday.com)
Small testes3
Induced by varicocele2
Cancer21
  • Undescended testes are twice as likely to develop cancer as normally descended testes. (encyclopedia.com)
  • The All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) has developed artificial testis that is a boon to people suffering from the problem of having both underdeveloped male and female genitals as well as cancer in the abdomen. (hindustantimes.com)
  • The abnormal testis are a source of cancer in the abdomen and we remove them for the sake of patients' safety. (hindustantimes.com)
  • We found that this father and son had a set of genes that predispose them to both genitourinary or urologie cancers, and testis cancer is within that group, as well as stomach cancers," Pastuszak said in a press briefing. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Gilligan, "Quality of life among testis cancer survivors," Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations, vol. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Characterizing the morbidity of postchemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for testis cancer in a national cohort of privately insured patients," Urology, vol. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Chest staging in testis cancer patients: imaging modality selection based upon risk assessment as determined by abdominal computerized tomography scan results. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Progression detection of stage I non-seminomatous testis cancer on surveillance: Implications for the followup protocol. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • With one amazing development, the introduction of Cisplatin into standard chemotherapy for testis cancer , there was a complete transformation from the expectation of early death to the potential of long-term survival in most young men with this dreadful disease. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • In addition to the increased risk of malignant diseases particularly testis cancer , sperm counts, sperm quality (especially chromatin integrity), sex hormones and sex drive decrease during aging of men and all of them lead to a decline in fecundity in older men (1). (thefreedictionary.com)
  • None of the patients had been previously diagnosed with or treated for prostate or testis cancer , and none of the patients had received hormone therapy. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Cancer of the testis is relatively uncommon in B.C., but the incidence rate has almost quadrupled in the past 40 years. (bccancer.bc.ca)
  • Patients with testicular atrophy of any cause such as cryptorchism, mumps orchitis, or ectopic testis have an increased risk for developing testis cancer. (bccancer.bc.ca)
  • There is also a 3-5% risk for testis cancer patients to develop a contralateral testis cancer. (bccancer.bc.ca)
  • First degree relatives of a testis cancer patient have a 3-10 fold increase in risk for developing a testis cancer. (bccancer.bc.ca)
  • Due to the overall low incidence and high cure rate of testis cancer there is no need for additional preventive measures besides self examination for first-degree relatives. (bccancer.bc.ca)
  • Cancer/testis (CT) antigens are immunogenic in cancer patients, exhibit highly tissue-restricted expression, and are considered promising target molecules for cancer vaccines. (nih.gov)
  • Expression of cancer-testis antigens in endometrial carcinomas using a tissue microarray. (nih.gov)
  • Estrogen is a potent proliferative agent and can lead to cancer of the female breast and male testes. (rainbow.coop)
  • Odiele, whom Vogue refers to as an Alexander Wang staple, says being intersex is 'not that big of a deal,' but she can't say the same for the two surgeries she has undergone, one at age 10 to remove those testes, which doctors told her parents could lead to cancer. (newser.com)
  • Usually caused by some sort of medical situation such as a surgery, birth defect, cancer or an injury, some men have one, or fewer, testes. (ranker.com)
Single testis2
Mister Testis3
  • At seven thirty in the evening, three bulls from the Kukuxumusu bull-ranch , the mythical Mister Testis bull-breed , came rushing out from the corner of Mercaderes to run the approx.400 meters that covers the distance all the way to the top of Estafeta Street. (sanfermin.com)
  • In order to celebrate the final calendar step leading to Sanfermin fiestas, and taking advantage of the "Red and White" night organized by the commercial association of the Old Quarter of Pamplona on Friday 5th of June, we brought Mister Testis along with us in order to let the general public try out some selfie shots with him from some new angles and unusual altitudes. (sanfermin.com)
  • The personality of the drawings of the Kukuxumusu blue bull towards the final creation of Mister Testis, where the animal can now walk on two hind legs and take a step out of the world of beasts in order to mix in with the humans, whenever he feels like it. (sanfermin.com)
Search1
  • Your search returned 4 prion locus lncRNA, testis expressed Antibodies across 4 suppliers. (biocompare.com)
Hydrocele13
Plural1
  • Testis , plural testes, also called testicle , in animals, the organ that produces sperm , the male reproductive cell , and androgens , the male hormones. (britannica.com)
Tunica albuginea1
Reproductive1
  • Boys with undescended testes were 20 percent less likely to father children, and were more than twice as likely to use assisted reproductive technology, according to the study. (healthday.com)
Tumor4
Pathways1
  • Although mechanisms regulating testis cord formation during sex determination have been well-studied, the genes and signaling pathways involving in testis cord maintenance after the cords have formed are not well characterized. (bioone.org)
Ovaries1
  • The embryonic differentiation of the primitive, indifferent gonad into either the testes or the ovaries is determined by the presence or absence of genes carried on the Y chromosome . (britannica.com)
Tissue11
  • during adolescence, gonadotropic hormones from the pituitary gland at the base of the brain stimulate the development of tissue, and the testes become capable of producing sperm and androgens. (britannica.com)
  • Researchers have designed a compound that homes in on the testis and prevents sperm from accessing a key tissue, halting their development. (scientificamerican.com)
  • In normal tissues, standardized RT-PCR experiments showed that 19/43 CT genes were testis-restricted, 10/43 CT genes were tissue-restricted (mRNA detected in 2 or fewer non-gametogenic tissues), 9/43 CT genes were differentially expressed (mRNA detected in 3-6 non-gametogenic tissues), and 5/43 CT genes were ubiquitously expressed. (nih.gov)
  • In terms of immunogenicity, 14/29 testis/tissue-restricted CT gene families have been shown to induce a cellular and/or humoral immune response in humans. (nih.gov)
  • The testis is then fixed into position by stitching it to the surrounding tissue to prevent a recurrence. (privatehealth.co.uk)
  • The appendix testis is a small piece of tissue that is usually located on the upper part of the testis. (childrens.com)
  • Formerly, when doctors performed a testis biopsy, they would send only one chunk of tissue for testing. (drmalpani.com)
  • In a new report, scientists describe a technique that yields fertile primate sperm when tissue from the testes of young rhesus monkeys are grafted into mice. (scienceblog.com)
  • In a report set for publication in the journal Biology of Reproduction, scientists at the University of Pennsylvania and the University of California, Davis, describe a technique that yields fertile primate sperm when tissue from the testes of young rhesus monkeys are grafted into mice. (scienceblog.com)
  • In the experiment, donor tissue from the testes of two 13-month-old rhesus monkeys was grafted under the back skin of specially prepared mice. (scienceblog.com)
  • The tunica vasculosa is the vascular layer of the testis , consisting of a plexus of bloodvessels, held together by delicate areolar tissue. (wikidoc.org)
Abdomen1
Retroperitoneal1
Seminiferous1
  • Testis cords, embryonic precursors of the seminiferous tubules, are fundamental for testis structure and function. (bioone.org)
Abnormal4
Hormone5
Cancers1
Seminoma1
Inguinal1
Sperm counts1
  • induced oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner, (2) improved the mean weight of the cryptorchid testis , (3) maintained sperm counts, motility, and spermatogenic cell density, (4) decreased levels of 8-OHdG and increased levels of SOD, demonstrating its antioxidant effect, (5) significantly increased Nrf2 and HO-1, and (6) significantly decreased apoptosis. (thefreedictionary.com)
Gene2
  • Further efforts and new genetic models are needed to unveil the gene networks and underlying mechanisms regulating testis cord integrity and morphology after sex determination. (bioone.org)
  • Her research team found that the mutation blocked the function of a specific gene in the stem cells that becomes support cells in the testis, causing the fruit flies to change from a male to a female identity. (eurekalert.org)
Blood-testis5
  • Cutting-edge studies of the blood-testis barrier promise to help the Council develop novel male contraceptives. (popcouncil.org)
  • The blood-testis barrier is a physical barrier separating the testes from the bloodstream. (popcouncil.org)
  • Further, the Council has discovered a peptide that regulates the expression of FAK, thereby compromising the integrity and function of the blood-testis barrier. (popcouncil.org)
  • These axes are found between the blood-testis barrier and the basement membrane, involving fragments of collagen-α3 chain and also laminin-α2 chain, both are constituent components of the basement membrane. (popcouncil.org)
  • Additionally, it could serve to hold open the blood-testis barrier to allow more Adjudin to enter the testes, thus boosting Adjudin's effectiveness at a lower dosage with potentially fewer side effects. (popcouncil.org)
Tumours1
  • Screening is advised in individuals who are deemed at high risk of testis tumours, e.g. affected first degree relative (especially an identical twin), history of a delayed or undescended testis, and particularly patients who have had a prior malignancy in the contralateral testicle. (bccancer.bc.ca)
Descent2
Spermatocytes1
  • Normal young adult male testis and enriched populations of pachytene spermatocytes and round spermatids displayed significantly higher levels of Xrcc-1 expression than other mouse tissues, although Xrcc-1 transcripts were found in low abundance in all tested tissues. (nih.gov)
Resultados2
  • Este trabalho teve o objetivo de descrever o protótipo de um novo modelo de órtese funcional para mão, conhecida como Luva Funcional, e os resultados dos testes preliminares. (mendeley.com)
  • Devido a estes desconhecidos, o FDA adverte pacientes contra a utilização dos resultados destes testes, ou todo o teste do serology, como uma indicação que possam parar de tomar as etapas para proteger elas mesmas e outro, tais como a parada de se afastar social, interrompendo vestindo máscaras ou retornando ao trabalho. (news-medical.net)
Occurs1
  • By studying the formation of sperm in fruit flies, which is remarkably similar to the process that occurs in people, investigators serendipitously found a mutation that gave testes a very unusual appearance. (eurekalert.org)
SPECIES2
  • I am looking for a plasmid based testis expression library (from any species). (bio.net)
  • Some species, however, have adapted sexual organs, such as enlarged testes that produce massive amounts of sperm, that enable fertilization to take place in rapidly flowing waters. (microscopyu.com)
Adult human1
  • A unique form of lactate dehydrogenase was observed in the starch-gel electrophoretic patterns of adult human testes. (sciencemag.org)
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