Survival analysis. Medical search

A class of statistical procedures for estimating the survival function (function of time, starting with a population 100% well at a given time and providing the percentage of the population still well at later times). The survival analysis is then used for making inferences about the effects of treatments, prognostic factors, exposures, and other covariates on the function.

The proportion of survivors in a group, e.g., of patients, studied and followed over a period, or the proportion of persons in a specified group alive at the beginning of a time interval who survive to the end of the interval. It is often studied using life table methods.

The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability.

A nonparametric method of compiling LIFE TABLES or survival tables. It combines calculated probabilities of survival and estimates to allow for observations occurring beyond a measurement threshold, which are assumed to occur randomly. Time intervals are defined as ending each time an event occurs and are therefore unequal. (From Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1995)

Period after successful treatment in which there is no appearance of the symptoms or effects of the disease.

A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.

Statistical models used in survival analysis that assert that the effect of the study factors on the hazard rate in the study population is multiplicative and does not change over time.

Continuance of life or existence especially under adverse conditions; includes methods and philosophy of survival.

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Methods which attempt to express in replicable terms the extent of the neoplasm in the patient.

The survival of a graft in a host, the factors responsible for the survival and the changes occurring within the graft during growth in the host.

A set of techniques used when variation in several variables has to be studied simultaneously. In statistics, multivariate analysis is interpreted as any analytic method that allows simultaneous study of two or more dependent variables.

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.

Molecular products metabolized and secreted by neoplastic tissue and characterized biochemically in cells or body fluids. They are indicators of tumor stage and grade as well as useful for monitoring responses to treatment and predicting recurrence. Many chemical groups are represented including hormones, antigens, amino and nucleic acids, enzymes, polyamines, and specific cell membrane proteins and lipids.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.

In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.

Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.

The local recurrence of a neoplasm following treatment. It arises from microscopic cells of the original neoplasm that have escaped therapeutic intervention and later become clinically visible at the original site.

The systems and processes involved in the establishment, support, management, and operation of registers, e.g., disease registers.

Summarizing techniques used to describe the pattern of mortality and survival in populations. These methods can be applied to the study not only of death, but also of any defined endpoint such as the onset of disease or the occurrence of disease complications.

The worsening of a disease over time. This concept is most often used for chronic and incurable diseases where the stage of the disease is an important determinant of therapy and prognosis.

Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.

Transfer of a neoplasm from its primary site to lymph nodes or to distant parts of the body by way of the lymphatic system.

The treatment of a disease or condition by several different means simultaneously or sequentially. Chemoimmunotherapy, RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY, chemoradiotherapy, cryochemotherapy, and SALVAGE THERAPY are seen most frequently, but their combinations with each other and surgery are also used.

A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.

The use of two or more chemicals simultaneously or sequentially in the drug therapy of neoplasms. The drugs need not be in the same dosage form.

The return of a sign, symptom, or disease after a remission.

The qualitative or quantitative estimation of the likelihood of adverse effects that may result from exposure to specified health hazards or from the absence of beneficial influences. (Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1988)

The number of new cases of a given disease during a given period in a specified population. It also is used for the rate at which new events occur in a defined population. It is differentiated from PREVALENCE, which refers to all cases, new or old, in the population at a given time.

The simultaneous analysis of multiple samples of TISSUES or CELLS from BIOPSY or in vitro culture that have been arranged in an array format on slides or microchips.

Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.

Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain.

Drug therapy given to augment or stimulate some other form of treatment such as surgery or radiation therapy. Adjuvant chemotherapy is commonly used in the therapy of cancer and can be administered before or after the primary treatment.

Malfunction of implantation shunts, valves, etc., and prosthesis loosening, migration, and breaking.

A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)

A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm but is often wrongly used as a synonym for "cancer." (From Dorland, 27th ed)

Methods which attempt to express in replicable terms the level of CELL DIFFERENTIATION in neoplasms as increasing ANAPLASIA correlates with the aggressiveness of the neoplasm.

Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI.

The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in neoplastic tissue.

Procedures for finding the mathematical function which best describes the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. In linear regression (see LINEAR MODELS) the relationship is constrained to be a straight line and LEAST-SQUARES ANALYSIS is used to determine the best fit. In logistic regression (see LOGISTIC MODELS) the dependent variable is qualitative rather than continuously variable and LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS are used to find the best relationship. In multiple regression, the dependent variable is considered to depend on more than a single independent variable.

One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA; (DNA FRAGMENTATION); at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.

A repeat operation for the same condition in the same patient due to disease progression or recurrence, or as followup to failed previous surgery.

Substances that inhibit or prevent the proliferation of NEOPLASMS.

Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH.

Ability of neoplasms to infiltrate and actively destroy surrounding tissue.

Studies in which variables relating to an individual or group of individuals are assessed over a period of time.

Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS.

A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; and LARGE CELL CARCINOMA. They are dealt with collectively because of their shared treatment strategy.

Maleness or femaleness as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from SEX CHARACTERISTICS, anatomical or physiological manifestations of sex, and from SEX DISTRIBUTION, the number of males and females in given circumstances.

Statistical formulations or analyses which, when applied to data and found to fit the data, are then used to verify the assumptions and parameters used in the analysis. Examples of statistical models are the linear model, binomial model, polynomial model, two-parameter model, etc.

A cancer registry mandated under the National Cancer Act of 1971 to operate and maintain a population-based cancer reporting system, reporting periodically estimates of cancer incidence and mortality in the United States. The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program is a continuing project of the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health. Among its goals, in addition to assembling and reporting cancer statistics, are the monitoring of annual cancer incident trends and the promoting of studies designed to identify factors amenable to cancer control interventions. (From National Cancer Institute, NIH Publication No. 91-3074, October 1990)

The application of STATISTICS to biological systems and organisms involving the retrieval or collection, analysis, reduction, and interpretation of qualitative and quantitative data.

New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.

The normal length of time of an organism's life.

Factors which produce cessation of all vital bodily functions. They can be analyzed from an epidemiologic viewpoint.

A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.

A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.

A distribution in which a variable is distributed like the sum of the squares of any given independent random variable, each of which has a normal distribution with mean of zero and variance of one. The chi-square test is a statistical test based on comparison of a test statistic to a chi-square distribution. The oldest of these tests are used to detect whether two or more population distributions differ from one another.

The study of chance processes or the relative frequency characterizing a chance process.

A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested.

A CELL CYCLE and tumor growth marker which can be readily detected using IMMUNOCYTOCHEMISTRY methods. Ki-67 is a nuclear antigen present only in the nuclei of cycling cells.

A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia, microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures.

Radiotherapy given to augment some other form of treatment such as surgery or chemotherapy. Adjuvant radiotherapy is commonly used in the therapy of cancer and can be administered before or after the primary treatment.

The age, developmental stage, or period of life at which a disease or the initial symptoms or manifestations of a disease appear in an individual.

The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION.

The determination of the pattern of genes expressed at the level of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION, under specific circumstances or in a specific cell.

The probability that an event will occur. It encompasses a variety of measures of the probability of a generally unfavorable outcome.

A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445)

Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.

The application of probability and statistical methods to calculate the risk of occurrence of any event, such as onset of illness, recurrent disease, hospitalization, disability, or death. It may include calculation of the anticipated money costs of such events and of the premiums necessary to provide for payment of such costs.

Eating other individuals of one's own species.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

Tumors or cancer of the ESOPHAGUS.

Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.

All deaths reported in a given population.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

An order of nematodes of the subclass SECERNENTEA. Characteristics include an H-shaped excretory system with two subventral glands.

All of the processes involved in increasing CELL NUMBER including CELL DIVISION.

An inorganic and water-soluble platinum complex. After undergoing hydrolysis, it reacts with DNA to produce both intra and interstrand crosslinks. These crosslinks appear to impair replication and transcription of DNA. The cytotoxicity of cisplatin correlates with cellular arrest in the G2 phase of the cell cycle.

Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA).

The transference of a kidney from one human or animal to another.

The joining of objects by means of a cement (e.g., in fracture fixation, such as in hip arthroplasty for joining of the acetabular component to the femoral component). In dentistry, it is used for the process of attaching parts of a tooth or restorative material to a natural tooth or for the attaching of orthodontic bands to teeth by means of an adhesive.

Preliminary cancer therapy (chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormone/endocrine therapy, immunotherapy, hyperthermia, etc.) that precedes a necessary second modality of treatment.

Precursor of an alkylating nitrogen mustard antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent that must be activated in the LIVER to form the active aldophosphamide. It has been used in the treatment of LYMPHOMA and LEUKEMIA. Its side effect, ALOPECIA, has been used for defleecing sheep. Cyclophosphamide may also cause sterility, birth defects, mutations, and cancer.

The presence of co-existing or additional diseases with reference to an initial diagnosis or with reference to the index condition that is the subject of study. Comorbidity may affect the ability of affected individuals to function and also their survival; it may be used as a prognostic indicator for length of hospital stay, cost factors, and outcome or survival.

Replacement for a hip joint.

A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.

Immunologic techniques based on the use of: (1) enzyme-antibody conjugates; (2) enzyme-antigen conjugates; (3) antienzyme antibody followed by its homologous enzyme; or (4) enzyme-antienzyme complexes. These are used histologically for visualizing or labeling tissue specimens.

A cell surface protein-tyrosine kinase receptor that is overexpressed in a variety of ADENOCARCINOMAS. It has extensive homology to and heterodimerizes with the EGF RECEPTOR, the ERBB-3 RECEPTOR, and the ERBB-4 RECEPTOR. Activation of the erbB-2 receptor occurs through heterodimer formation with a ligand-bound erbB receptor family member.

A measure of the quality of health care by assessment of unsuccessful results of management and procedures used in combating disease, in individual cases or series.

Nuclear phosphoprotein encoded by the p53 gene (GENES, P53) whose normal function is to control CELL PROLIFERATION and APOPTOSIS. A mutant or absent p53 protein has been found in LEUKEMIA; OSTEOSARCOMA; LUNG CANCER; and COLORECTAL CANCER.

Time schedule for administration of a drug in order to achieve optimum effectiveness and convenience.

A malignant tumor arising from the epithelium of the BILE DUCTS.

Extensive collections, reputedly complete, of facts and data garnered from material of a specialized subject area and made available for analysis and application. The collection can be automated by various contemporary methods for retrieval. The concept should be differentiated from DATABASES, BIBLIOGRAPHIC which is restricted to collections of bibliographic references.

Proteins whose abnormal expression (gain or loss) are associated with the development, growth, or progression of NEOPLASMS. Some neoplasm proteins are tumor antigens (ANTIGENS, NEOPLASM), i.e. they induce an immune reaction to their tumor. Many neoplasm proteins have been characterized and are used as tumor markers (BIOMARKERS, TUMOR) when they are detectable in cells and body fluids as monitors for the presence or growth of tumors. Abnormal expression of ONCOGENE PROTEINS is involved in neoplastic transformation, whereas the loss of expression of TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEINS is involved with the loss of growth control and progression of the neoplasm.

A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.

Tumors or cancer of the RECTUM.

An infant during the first month after birth.

Application of statistical procedures to analyze specific observed or assumed facts from a particular study.

Antineoplastic antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces peucetius. It is a hydroxy derivative of DAUNORUBICIN.

Tumors or cancer located in bone tissue or specific BONES.

Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.

The total amount (cell number, weight, size or volume) of tumor cells or tissue in the body.

Tumors or cancers of the KIDNEY.

Therapeutic act or process that initiates a response to a complete or partial remission level.

A class of statistical methods applicable to a large set of probability distributions used to test for correlation, location, independence, etc. In most nonparametric statistical tests, the original scores or observations are replaced by another variable containing less information. An important class of nonparametric tests employs the ordinal properties of the data. Another class of tests uses information about whether an observation is above or below some fixed value such as the median, and a third class is based on the frequency of the occurrence of runs in the data. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1284; Corsini, Concise Encyclopedia of Psychology, 1987, p764-5)

Statistical models which describe the relationship between a qualitative dependent variable (that is, one which can take only certain discrete values, such as the presence or absence of a disease) and an independent variable. A common application is in epidemiology for estimating an individual's risk (probability of a disease) as a function of a given risk factor.

Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.

Cytoplasmic proteins that bind estrogens and migrate to the nucleus where they regulate DNA transcription. Evaluation of the state of estrogen receptors in breast cancer patients has become clinically important.

An immune response with both cellular and humoral components, directed against an allogeneic transplant, whose tissue antigens are not compatible with those of the recipient.

Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21)

Hybridization of a nucleic acid sample to a very large set of OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBES, which have been attached individually in columns and rows to a solid support, to determine a BASE SEQUENCE, or to detect variations in a gene sequence, GENE EXPRESSION, or for GENE MAPPING.

The plan and delineation of prostheses in general or a specific prosthesis.

Therapy for the insufficient cleansing of the BLOOD by the kidneys based on dialysis and including hemodialysis, PERITONEAL DIALYSIS, and HEMODIAFILTRATION.

The transference of a part of or an entire liver from one human or animal to another.

Tumors or cancer of the NASOPHARYNX.

A graphic means for assessing the ability of a screening test to discriminate between healthy and diseased persons; may also be used in other studies, e.g., distinguishing stimuli responses as to a faint stimuli or nonstimuli.

Discontinuance of care received by patient(s) due to reasons other than full recovery from the disease.

The production of offspring by selective mating or HYBRIDIZATION, GENETIC in animals or plants.

Transplantation between individuals of the same species. Usually refers to genetically disparate individuals in contradistinction to isogeneic transplantation for genetically identical individuals.

Tumors or cancer of the BILE DUCTS.

The genetic constitution of the individual, comprising the ALLELES present at each GENETIC LOCUS.

Specific proteins found in or on cells of progesterone target tissues that specifically combine with progesterone. The cytosol progesterone-receptor complex then associates with the nucleic acids to initiate protein synthesis. There are two kinds of progesterone receptors, A and B. Both are induced by estrogen and have short half-lives.

Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.

A heterogeneous group of sporadic or hereditary carcinoma derived from cells of the KIDNEYS. There are several subtypes including the clear cells, the papillary, the chromophobe, the collecting duct, the spindle cells (sarcomatoid), or mixed cell-type carcinoma.

Illicit use of chemicals and products whose vapors can be inhaled to produce a rapid mind-altering effect. Inhalants include aerosols, gases, and volatile solvents that are often inhaled repeatedly to achieve the short-lived intoxicating effect.

Soft tissue tumors or cancer arising from the mucosal surfaces of the LIP; oral cavity; PHARYNX; LARYNX; and cervical esophagus. Other sites included are the NOSE and PARANASAL SINUSES; SALIVARY GLANDS; THYROID GLAND and PARATHYROID GLANDS; and MELANOMA and non-melanoma skin cancers of the head and neck. (from Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 4th ed, p1651)

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

Passages within the liver for the conveyance of bile. Includes right and left hepatic ducts even though these may join outside the liver to form the common hepatic duct.

Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China since December 20, 1999 with its own constitution. The island of Macau and adjacent islands are located off the southeast coast of China.

A sarcoma originating in bone-forming cells, affecting the ends of long bones. It is the most common and most malignant of sarcomas of the bones, and occurs chiefly among 10- to 25-year-old youths. (From Stedman, 25th ed)

A synthetic anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid derived from CORTISONE. It is biologically inert and converted to PREDNISOLONE in the liver.

Neoplasms of the brain and spinal cord derived from glial cells which vary from histologically benign forms to highly anaplastic and malignant tumors. Fibrillary astrocytomas are the most common type and may be classified in order of increasing malignancy (grades I through IV). In the first two decades of life, astrocytomas tend to originate in the cerebellar hemispheres; in adults, they most frequently arise in the cerebrum and frequently undergo malignant transformation. (From Devita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2013-7; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1082)

The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.

An expression of the number of mitoses found in a stated number of cells.

Works about clinical trials that involve at least one test treatment and one control treatment, concurrent enrollment and follow-up of the test- and control-treated groups, and in which the treatments to be administered are selected by a random process, such as the use of a random-numbers table.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Persons who have experienced a prolonged survival after serious disease or who continue to live with a usually life-threatening condition as well as family members, significant others, or individuals surviving traumatic life events.

An antitumor alkaloid isolated from VINCA ROSEA. (Merck, 11th ed.)

Based on known statistical data, the number of years which any person of a given age may reasonably expected to live.

They are oval or bean shaped bodies (1 - 30 mm in diameter) located along the lymphatic system.

A country in western Europe bordered by the Atlantic Ocean, the English Channel, the Mediterranean Sea, and the countries of Belgium, Germany, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, the principalities of Andorra and Monaco, and by the duchy of Luxembourg. Its capital is Paris.

Criteria and standards used for the determination of the appropriateness of the inclusion of patients with specific conditions in proposed treatment plans and the criteria used for the inclusion of subjects in various clinical trials and other research protocols.

Treatment that combines chemotherapy with radiotherapy.

A connective tissue neoplasm formed by proliferation of mesodermal cells; it is usually highly malignant.

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

Any deviation of results or inferences from the truth, or processes leading to such deviation. Bias can result from several sources: one-sided or systematic variations in measurement from the true value (systematic error); flaws in study design; deviation of inferences, interpretations, or analyses based on flawed data or data collection; etc. There is no sense of prejudice or subjectivity implied in the assessment of bias under these conditions.

A range of values for a variable of interest, e.g., a rate, constructed so that this range has a specified probability of including the true value of the variable.

Products of proto-oncogenes. Normally they do not have oncogenic or transforming properties, but are involved in the regulation or differentiation of cell growth. They often have protein kinase activity.

Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.

Research techniques that focus on study designs and data gathering methods in human and animal populations.

Excision of all or part of the liver. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Works about pre-planned studies of the safety, efficacy, or optimum dosage schedule (if appropriate) of one or more diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic drugs, devices, or techniques selected according to predetermined criteria of eligibility and observed for predefined evidence of favorable and unfavorable effects. This concept includes clinical trials conducted both in the U.S. and in other countries.

Parliamentary democracy located between France on the northeast and Portugual on the west and bordered by the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.

Administration of antineoplastic agents together with an embolizing vehicle. This allows slow release of the agent as well as obstruction of the blood supply to the neoplasm.

Therapy with two or more separate preparations given for a combined effect.

Replacement for a knee joint.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

Tumors or cancer of the COLON.

The complete summaries of the frequencies of the values or categories of a measurement made on a group of items, a population, or other collection of data. The distribution tells either how many or what proportion of the group was found to have each value (or each range of values) out of all the possible values that the quantitative measure can have.

Surgical excision of one or more lymph nodes. Its most common use is in cancer surgery. (From Dorland, 28th ed, p966)

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

The frequency of different ages or age groups in a given population. The distribution may refer to either how many or what proportion of the group. The population is usually patients with a specific disease but the concept is not restricted to humans and is not restricted to medicine.

Care alleviating symptoms without curing the underlying disease. (Stedman, 25th ed)

The ratio of two odds. The exposure-odds ratio for case control data is the ratio of the odds in favor of exposure among cases to the odds in favor of exposure among noncases. The disease-odds ratio for a cohort or cross section is the ratio of the odds in favor of disease among the exposed to the odds in favor of disease among the unexposed. The prevalence-odds ratio refers to an odds ratio derived cross-sectionally from studies of prevalent cases.

The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER.

Replacement of the hip joint.

A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in monoclonal immunoglobulin production. It is characterized by hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction, bone pain, and fractures. Other features include ANEMIA; HYPERCALCEMIA; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.

Works about controlled studies which are planned and carried out by several cooperating institutions to assess certain variables and outcomes in specific patient populations, for example, a multicenter study of congenital anomalies in children.

The transference of a heart from one human or animal to another.

An invasive (infiltrating) CARCINOMA of the mammary ductal system (MAMMARY GLANDS) in the human BREAST.

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

Tumors or cancer of ENDOMETRIUM, the mucous lining of the UTERUS. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. Their classification and grading are based on the various cell types and the percent of undifferentiated cells.

Establishment of the level of a quantifiable effect indicative of a biologic process. The evaluation is frequently to detect the degree of toxic or therapeutic effect.

Inhaling and exhaling the smoke of burning TOBACCO.

Excision of the whole (total gastrectomy) or part (subtotal gastrectomy, partial gastrectomy, gastric resection) of the stomach. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Proteins that are normally involved in holding cellular growth in check. Deficiencies or abnormalities in these proteins may lead to unregulated cell growth and tumor development.

A positive regulatory effect on physiological processes at the molecular, cellular, or systemic level. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins.

A procedure consisting of a sequence of algebraic formulas and/or logical steps to calculate or determine a given task.

Malignant lymphoma composed of large B lymphoid cells whose nuclear size can exceed normal macrophage nuclei, or more than twice the size of a normal lymphocyte. The pattern is predominantly diffuse. Most of these lymphomas represent the malignant counterpart of B-lymphocytes at midstage in the process of differentiation.

Excision of part (partial) or all (total) of the esophagus. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Individuals whose ancestral origins are in the continent of Europe.

Research aimed at assessing the quality and effectiveness of health care as measured by the attainment of a specified end result or outcome. Measures include parameters such as improved health, lowered morbidity or mortality, and improvement of abnormal states (such as elevated blood pressure).

The degree to which BLOOD VESSELS are not blocked or obstructed.

Tumors or cancer of the MOUTH.

Agents that suppress immune function by one of several mechanisms of action. Classical cytotoxic immunosuppressants act by inhibiting DNA synthesis. Others may act through activation of T-CELLS or by inhibiting the activation of HELPER CELLS. While immunosuppression has been brought about in the past primarily to prevent rejection of transplanted organs, new applications involving mediation of the effects of INTERLEUKINS and other CYTOKINES are emerging.

A malignant neoplasm derived from TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIAL CELLS, occurring chiefly in the URINARY BLADDER; URETERS; or RENAL PELVIS.

Hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation for the treatment of severe combined immunodeficiency. (1/24672)

BACKGROUND: Since 1968 it has been known that bone marrow transplantation can ameliorate severe combined immunodeficiency, but data on the long-term efficacy of this treatment are limited. We prospectively studied immunologic function in 89 consecutive infants with severe combined immunodeficiency who received hematopoietic stem-cell transplants at Duke University Medical Center between May 1982 and September 1998. METHODS: Serum immunoglobulin levels and lymphocyte phenotypes and function were assessed and genetic analyses performed according to standard methods. Bone marrow was depleted of T cells by agglutination with soybean lectin and by sheep-erythrocyte rosetting before transplantation. RESULTS: Seventy-seven of the infants received T-cell-depleted, HLA-haploidentical parental marrow, and 12 received HLA-identical marrow from a related donor; 3 of the recipients of haploidentical marrow also received placental-blood transplants from unrelated donors. Except for two patients who received placental blood, none of the recipients received chemotherapy before transplantation or prophylaxis against graft-versus-host disease. Of the 89 infants, 72 (81 percent) were still alive 3 months to 16.5 years after transplantation, including all of the 12 who received HLA-identical marrow, 60 of the 77 (78 percent) who were given haploidentical marrow, and 2 of the 3 (67 percent) who received both haploidentical marrow and placental blood. T-cell function became normal within two weeks after transplantation in the patients who received unfractionated HLA-identical marrow but usually not until three to four months after transplantation in those who received T-cell-depleted marrow. At the time of the most recent evaluation, all but 4 of the 72 survivors had normal T-cell function, and all the T cells in their blood were of donor origin. B-cell function remained abnormal in many of the recipients of haploidentical marrow. In 26 children (5 recipients of HLA-identical marrow and 21 recipients of haploidentical marrow) between 2 percent and 100 percent of B cells were of donor origin. Forty-five of the 72 children were receiving intravenous immune globulin. CONCLUSIONS: Transplantation of marrow from a related donor is a life-saving and life-sustaining treatment for patients with any type of severe combined immunodeficiency, even when there is no HLA-identical donor. (+info)

Optimal thrombolytic strategies for acute myocardial infarction--bolus administration. (2/24672)

Optimal strategies for thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) are still being sought because the TIMI 3 flow rates achievable using standard regimens average approximately 60%. Double bolus administration of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is a novel approach with potential for earlier patency combined with ease of administration. We reviewed total patency rates, TIMI 3 patency rates, mortality, stroke and intracranial haemorrhage rates in the major trials of accelerated infusion tPA/bolus tPA/reteplase in acute myocardial infarction. A direct comparison was performed with results of two recent trials of double bolus (two 50 mg boli, 30 min apart) vs. accelerated infusion tPA: the Double Bolus Lytic Efficacy Trial (DBLE), an angiographic study, and the COBALT Trial, a mortality study. The DBLE trial showed equivalent patency rates for accelerated infusion and double bolus administration of tPA. Reviewing other angiographic trials, total patency and TIMI 3 patency rates achievable with double bolus tPA were comparable to those with accelerated infusion tPA or bolus reteplase administration. The COBALT study demonstrated a 30-day mortality of 7.53% in patients treated with accelerated infusion tPA compared with 7.98% for double bolus tPA treated patients. The small excess in mortality with double bolus treatment was confined to the elderly; in those < or = 75 years, mortality rates were 5.6% and 5.7%, for double bolus and accelerated infusion, respectively, and rates for death or non-fatal stroke were 6.35% and 6.3%, respectively. Comparison with other trials demonstrated mortality, stroke and intracranial haemorrhage rates with double bolus treatment similar to those associated with either accelerated infusion tPA or bolus reteplase treatment. Double bolus administration of tPA to patients with acute myocardial infarction is associated with total patency, TIMI 3 patency, mortality, stroke and intracranial haemorrhage rates similar to those associated with either accelerated infusion of tPA or bolus reteplase. (+info)

Emergent immunoregulatory properties of combined glucocorticoid and anti-glucocorticoid steroids in a model of tuberculosis. (3/24672)

In Balb/c mice with pulmonary tuberculosis, there is a switch from a protective Th1-dominated cytokine profile to a non-protective profile with a Th2 component. This switch occurs while the adrenals are undergoing marked hyperplasia. Treatment with the anti-glucocorticoid hormones dehydroepiandrosterone or 3 beta, 17 beta-androstenediol, during the period of adrenal hyperplasia, maintains Th1 dominance and is protective. We investigated the effects of these hormones as therapeutic agents by administering them from day 60, when the switch to the non-protective cytokine profile was already well established. Given at this time (day 60), doses that were protective when given early (from day 0) were rapidly fatal. A physiological dose of the glucocorticoid corticosterone was also rapidly fatal. However when the corticosterone and the anti-glucocorticoid (AED or DHEA) were co-administered, there was protection, with restoration of a Th1-dominated cytokine profile, enhanced DTH responses, and enhanced expression of IL-1 alpha and TNF alpha. Therefore this combination of steroids has an emergent property that is quite unlike that of either type of steroid given alone. It may be possible to exploit the ant-inflammatory properties of glucocorticoids while preserving a Th1 bias, by combining glucocorticoids with DHEA or suitable metabolites. (+info)

Intensive weekly chemotherapy is not effective in advanced pancreatic cancer patients: a report from the Italian Group for the Study of Digestive Tract Cancer (GISCAD). (4/24672)

Twenty-two patients, with locally advanced unresectable and/or metastatic pancreatic carcinoma, received weekly administration of cisplatin 40 mg m(-2), 5-fluorouracil 500 mg m(-2), epidoxorubicin 35 mg m(-2), 6S stereoisomer of leucovorin 250 mg m(-2) and glutathione 1.5 mg m(-2), supported by a daily administration of lenograstim at a dose of 5 microg kg(-1). Nineteen patients were men and three were women. Median age was 63 years (range 47-70). At study entry, pain was present in 15 out of 22 patients (68%) with a mean value of Scott-Huskisson scale of 27.6+/-23.8, whereas a weight loss >10% was present in 15 patients. After eight weekly treatments, three partial responses were achieved for a response rate of 13% (95% CI 0-26%), five patients had stable disease and 14 progressed on therapy. Pain was present in 9 out of 22 patients (40%) with a mean value of Scott-Huskisson scale of 12.3+/-18.4. Eight patients (36%) (three partial response and five stable disease) had a positive weight change. Toxicity was mild: WHO grade III or IV toxicity was recorded in terms of anaemia in 7 out of 188 cycles (3.7%), of neutropenia in 9 out of 188 cycles (4.7%) and of thrombocytopenia in 3 out of 188 cycles (1.5%). Median survival of all patients was 6 months. The outcome of this intensive chemotherapy regimen does not support its use in pancreatic cancer. (+info)

Early death during chemotherapy in patients with small-cell lung cancer: derivation of a prognostic index for toxic death and progression. (5/24672)

Based on an increased frequency of early death (death within the first treatment cycle) in our two latest randomized trials of combination chemotherapy in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), we wanted to identify patients at risk of early non-toxic death (ENTD) and early toxic death (ETD). Data were stored in a database and logistic regression analyses were performed to identify predictive factors for early death. During the first cycle, 118 out of 937 patients (12.6%) died. In 38 patients (4%), the cause of death was sepsis. Significant risk factors were age, performance status (PS), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and treatment with epipodophyllotoxins and platinum in the first cycle (EP). Risk factors for ENTD were age, PS and LDH. Extensive stage had a hazard ratio of 1.9 (P = 0.07). Risk factors for ETD were EP, PS and LDH, whereas age and stage were not. For EP, the hazard ratio was as high as 6.7 (P = 0.0001). We introduced a simple prognostic algorithm including performance status, LDH and age. Using a prognostic algorithm to exclude poor-risk patients from trials, we could minimize early death, improve long-term survival and increase the survival differences between different regimens. We suggest that other groups evaluate our algorithm and exclude poor prognosis patients from trials of dose intensification. (+info)

Peritoneal cytology in the surgical evaluation of gastric carcinoma. (6/24672)

Many patients undergoing surgery for gastric carcinoma will develop peritoneal metastases. A method to identify those patients at risk of peritoneal recurrence would help in the selection of patients for adjuvant therapy. Peritoneal cytology has received little attention in the West, but may prove a useful additional means of evaluating patients with gastric cancer. The aims of this study were to evaluate sampling techniques for peritoneal cytology in patients with gastric cancer, to assess the prognostic significance of free peritoneal malignant cells and to discover the effect of the operative procedure on dissemination of malignant cells. The study is based on 85 consecutive patients undergoing surgical treatment of gastric cancer and followed up for 2 years or until death. Peritoneal cytology samples were collected at laparoscopy, and at operation prior to resection by intraperitoneal lavage and serosal brushings. After resection, samples were taken by peritoneal lavage, imprint cytology of the resected specimen and post-operatively by peritoneal irrigation via a percutaneous catheter. Malignant cells were diagnosed by two independent microscopists. Preoperative peritoneal lavage yielded malignant cells in 16 out of 85 cases (19%). The yield of free malignant cells was increased by using serosal brushings (by four cases) and imprint cytology (by two cases); all of the cases had evidence of serosal penetration. One serosa-negative case exhibited positive cytology in the post-resection peritoneal specimen in which the preresection cytology specimen was negative. Survival was worse in the cytology-positive group (chi2 = 25.1; P< 0.0001). Among serosa-positive patients, survival was significantly reduced if cytology was positive, if cases yielded by brushings and imprint cytology were included (log-rank test = 8.44; 1 df, P = 0.004). In conclusion, free peritoneal malignant cells can be identified in patients with gastric cancer who have a poor prognosis; the yield can be increased with brushings and imprint cytology in addition to conventional peritoneal lavage. Evaluation of peritoneal cytology by these methods may have a role in the selection of patients with the poorest prognosis who may benefit most from adjuvant therapy. (+info)

Second-line treatment for primary central nervous system lymphoma. (7/24672)

Failure after first-line treatment was reported in 35-60% of immunocompetent patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). There are currently no reports focusing on salvage therapy. This review analyses prognostic factors and the efficacy of salvage therapy by focusing on data from papers reporting results of first-line treatment in 355 cases. The study group consisted of 173 patients presenting treatment failure. The interval between failure and death (TTD) was compared for age at relapse (< or =60 vs. >60 years), type of failure (relapse vs. progression), time to relapse (< or =12 vs. >12 months) and salvage treatment (yes vs no). Median TTD was similar in younger and older patients (P = 0.09). Relapsed patients had a longer TTD than patients with progressive disease (P = 0.002). Early relapse led to a shorter TTD than late relapse (P = 0.005). Median TTD was 14 months for patients who underwent salvage therapy and 2 months for untreated cases (P<0.00001). A multivariate analysis showed an independent prognostic role for salvage therapy and time to relapse. Age and type of failure had no predictive value. Salvage therapy significantly improves outcome and, possibly, quality of life. As many different treatments were used conclusions cannot be made regarding an optimal treatment schedule. (+info)

Treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer with the long-acting somatostatin analogue lanreotide: in vitro and in vivo results. (8/24672)

Fourteen patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma were treated with the long-acting somatostatin (SST) analogue lanreotide. No objective response was obtained, and the median survival was 4 months (range 1.8-7 months). Pancreatic cancer could not be visualized by means of SST-receptor (R) scintigraphy in our patients. In vitro data also demonstrated absence of SSTR2 expression, suggesting pancreatic cancer not to be a potential target for treatment with SST analogues. (+info)

Parametric survival models Survival trees Survival random forests The following terms are commonly used in survival analyses: ... duration analysis or duration modelling in economics, and event history analysis in sociology. Survival analysis attempts to ... Survival analysis is used in several ways: To describe the survival times of members of a group Life tables Kaplan-Meier curves ... This is the method underlying the survival random forest models. Survival random forest analysis is available in the R package ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Survival_analysis

Survival analysis is normally carried out using parametric models, semi-parametric models, non-parametric models to estimate ... However recently Bayesian models are also used to estimate the survival rate due to their ability to handle design and analysis ... Ibrahim, Joseph G.; Chen, Ming-Hui; Sinha, Debajyoti (2001). Bayesian Survival Analysis - Springer. Springer Series in ... v t e (Bayesian statistics, Survival analysis, All stub articles, Statistics stubs). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayesian_survival_analysis

... is a part of survival analysis. It is the proportion of people in a study or treatment group still alive at a ... The two main ways to calculate net survival are relative survival and cause-specific survival or disease-specific survival. ... Relative survival is calculated by dividing the overall survival after diagnosis of a disease by the survival as observed in a ... Five-year survival rate measures survival at five years after diagnosis. In cancer research, various types of survival rate can ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Survival_rate

In survival analysis, the cumulative distribution function gives the probability that the survival time is less than or equal ... Median survival may be determined from the survival function. For example, for survival function 2, 50% of the subjects survive ... The survival function is one of several ways to describe and display survival data. Another useful way to display data is a ... These distributions and tests are described in textbooks on survival analysis. Lawless has extensive coverage of parametric ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Survival_function

"Clinical and multiple gene expression variables in survival analysis of breast cancer: Analysis with the hypertabastic survival ... Other fields may use different names for the same analysis. These survival models are applicable in many fields such as ... The conditional survival function C S {\displaystyle C_{S}} is a function of time t {\displaystyle t} and survival time t s {\ ... Tabatabai, Mohammad A.; Eby, Wayne M.; Nimeh, Nadim (2012). "Role of Metastasis in Hypertabastic Survival Analysis of Breast ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertabastic_survival_models

... there are two ways in performing a cause-specific survival analysis "competing risks survival analysis" and "relative survival ... Relative survival of a disease, in survival analysis, is calculated by dividing the overall survival after diagnosis by the ... In traditional overall survival analysis, the cause of death is irrelevant to the analysis. In a competing risks survival ... survival analysis is interested in the deaths by a disease rather than all causes. Thus, a "cause-specific survival analysis" ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relative_survival

Ibrahim, Joseph G.; Chen, Ming-Hui; Sinha, Debajyoti (2001). "Bayesian Information Criterion". Bayesian Survival Analysis. New ... ISBN 0-471-05669-3. Gelman, A.; Carlin, J.; Stern, H.; Rubin, D. (1995). Bayesian Data Analysis. London: Chapman & Hall. ISBN 0 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayes_factor

... or survival time; see survival analysis). While under some scenarios (such as real estate) this correlation appeared to work ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_X._Li

A survival analysis". Annals of Internal Medicine. 147 (4): 224-233. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-147-4-200708210-00179. PMID 17638714 ... Shapiro S (November 1994). "Meta-analysis/Shmeta-analysis". American Journal of Epidemiology. 140 (9): 771-778. doi:10.1093/ ... The combination of data from a meta-analysis can sometimes be visualised. One method uses a forest plot (also called a ... Altman DG, 1994 Methodological limitations of meta-analysis have also been noted. Another concern is that the methods used to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systematic_review

One element of survival analysis is the survival rate, the percentage of people in a study or treatment group still alive for a ... Survival analysis is a branch of statistics for analyzing the expected duration of time until one or more survival-ending ... In film, the survival film is a genre in which one or more characters make an effort at physical survival, generally while ... Miller, Rupert G. (1997), Survival analysis, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 0-471-25218-2 "NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms". National ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Survival

Continuous distributions, Survival analysis). ... applied the generalized Weibull distribution to model survival ... Liu, J.; Wang, Y. (2013). "On Crevecoeur's bathtub-shaped failure rate model". Computational Statistics & Data Analysis. 57 (1 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponentiated_Weibull_distribution

Dynamic Prediction in Clinical Survival Analysis. ISBN 9781439835432. Retrieved 15 February 2021. "Handbook of Survival ... ISBN 9781439835333 Handbook of Survival Analysis, 2013, with John P. Klein, Joseph G. Ibrahim, and Thomas H. Scheike, published ... ISBN 9789036813037 Dynamic Prediction in Clinical Survival Analysis, 2011, with Hein Putter, published by Taylor & Francis, ... Analysis". Taylor & Francis Inc. Retrieved 15 February 2021. Profile page (Leiden University) List of publications on Google ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_van_Houwelingen

Survival analysis Kippley, John; Sheila Kippley (1996). The Art of Natural Family Planning (4th addition ed.). Cincinnati, OH: ... Trussell J, Grummer-Strawn L (1991). "Further analysis of contraceptive failure of the ovulation method". American Journal of ... Trussell J (1991). "Methodological pitfalls in the analysis of contraceptive failure". Statistics in Medicine. 10 (2): 201-220 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decrement_table

1] "Survival analysis: A Primer". The American Statistician (2008) 62: 110-119. Freedman-Diaconis rule Freedman's paradox "John ... He was a distinguished mathematical statistician whose wide-ranging research included the analysis of martingale inequalities, ... including rigorous foundations for Bayesian inference and trenchant analysis of census adjustment." He was a Fellow at the ... which ruled unanimously in favor of the Commerce Department and Freedman and Wachter's analysis. With David Kaye, Freedman ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_A._Freedman

Cascales-Miñana B, Cleal CJ (2011). "Plant fossil record and survival analyses". Lethaia. 45: 71-82. doi:10.1111/j.1502- ... However, statistical analysis shows that this can only account for 50% of the observed pattern,[citation needed] and other ... Morgan J, Lana C, Kersley A, Coles B, Belcher C, Montanari S, Diaz-Martinez E, Barbosa A, Neumann V (2006). "Analyses of ... Their statistical analysis of marine extinction rates throughout the Phanerozoic suggested that neither long-term pressure ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extinction_event

D. Sinha and D. K. Dey (1997). "Semiparametric Bayesian analysis of survival data". Journal of the American Statistical ... During his career at the University of Connecticut, Dey has worked on a large number of problems on Bayesian analysis and ... such as survival, image, spatial and temporal data. His contributions to science is not only reflected in the methodological ... especially in Bayesian analysis, decision science and model selection. Dey has published more than 10 books and edited volumes ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipak_K._Dey

Weber, Tim (May 30, 2009). "Analysis: Opel's survival still at stake". BBC News. "Opel". www.tagesschau.de. Archived from the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Motors_Europe

ISBN 978-0-19-088267-9. Cascales-Miñana, B.; Cleal, C. J. (2011). "Plant fossil record and survival analyses". Lethaia. 45: 71- ... "A factor analysis approach to modelling the early diversification of terrestrial vegetation". Palaeogeography, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silurian-Devonian_Terrestrial_Revolution

ISBN 978-1-934977-04-0. (Engineering failures, Reliability engineering, Survival analysis). ... The predictions have been shown to be more accurate than field warranty return analysis or even typical field failure analysis ... A failure modes and effects analysis, FMEA, is a structured qualitative analysis of a system, subsystem, process, design or ... Failure modes, effects, and diagnostic analysis (FMEDA) is a systematic analysis technique to obtain subsystem / product level ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Failure_modes,_effects,_and_diagnostic_analysis

"Plant fossil record and survival analyses". Lethaia. 45: 71-82. doi:10.1111/j.1502-3931.2011.00262.x. Gulbranson, Erik L.; ... An analysis of marine fossils from the Permian's final Changhsingian stage found that marine organisms with a low tolerance for ... Analysis of marine fossils from the period indicated a decrease in the abundance of sessile epifaunal suspension feeders such ... However, this analysis addressed only CO2 produced by the magma itself, not from interactions with carbon bearing sediments, as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permian–Triassic_extinction_event

Weber, Tim (May 30, 2009). "Analysis: Opel's survival still at stake". BBC News. Vlasic, Bill (November 3, 2009). "G.M. Decides ... Langlois, Shawn; Goldstein, Steve (March 5, 2009). "GM, auditor express doubts over survival". MarketWatch. Tom Krisher (March ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Motors_Chapter_11_reorganization

"Introducing Survival and Event History Analysis". SAGE Publications Ltd. 14 May 2018. Retrieved 8 June 2018. Mills, Melinda; ... 2016 Barban, N.......M.C. Mills (2016). Genome-wide analysis identifies 12 loci influencing human reproductive behavior, Nature ... She has also published various statistics textbooks using the computer program R to introduce survival and event history ... A Mixed-Method Couple Analysis". Social Forces. 93 (3): 957-988. doi:10.1093/sf/sou110. ISSN 0037-7732. S2CID 144403468. " ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melinda_Mills

In survival analysis, the hazard ratio (HR) is the ratio of the hazard rates corresponding to the conditions characterised by ... Survival analysis Failure rate and Hazard rate Proportional hazards models Relative risk Najjar-Debbiny, R.; Gronich, N.; Weber ... David G. Kleinbaum; Mitchel Klein (2005). Survival Analysis: A Self-Learning Text (2 ed.). Springer. ISBN 9780387239187. ... Retrieved 7 December 2012.[page needed] Cantor, Alan (2003). Sas Survival Analysis Techniques for Medical Research. SAS ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hazard_ratio

271-320 (Survival analysis). ... i Lancaster, T. (1990): The Econometric Analysis of Transition ... 39-57 Wooldridge, J. (2002): Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass. Lancaster, T. ( ... Wooldridge, J. (2002): Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass. ... 1990): The Econometric Analysis of Transition Data. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unobserved_heterogeneity_in_duration_models

"Survival analysis of weekend emergency medical admissions". QJM. 110 (5): 291-297. doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcw219. PMID 28069914.{{ ... "Effect of time and day of admission on 1-month survival and neurologically favourable 1-month survival in out-of-hospital ... In multivariable analysis, patients admitted on a weekend to a stroke unit with 1.5 nurses/ten beds had an estimated adjusted ... In multivariate analysis, weekend admission (OR = 1.19; 95% CI 1.02-1.38) was an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weekend_effect

Balakrishnan, N.; Rao, C. R. (2004). Handbook of Statistics 23: Advances in Survival Analysis. Elsevier. p. 126. Bickel, P. J ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiparametric_model

A survival analysis of candidate biomarkers was performed. One of eight biomarkers and hub genes identified in colon cancer is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZBTB32

Murphy, S.A. (1995). Likelihood ratio-based confidence intervals in survival analysis. Journal of the American Statistical ... Probability bounds analysis, Risk analysis methodologies, Numerical analysis). ... 2009). Uncertainty analysis based on probability bounds (p-box) approach in probabilistic safety assessment. Risk Analysis 29: ... 2010). Bounding uncertainty analyses. Pages 89-122 in Application of Uncertainty Analysis to Ecological Risks of Pesticides, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability_box

with N. Balakrishnan). Handbook of Statistics 23: Advances in Survival Analysis. North Holland 2003. (Ed. with Ravindra ... Multivariate Analysis and Its Applications. PN 1988. Linear Transformations, Projection Operators and Generalized Inverses; A ... with S. Ghosh). Handbook of Statistics 13: Design and Analysis of Experiments. North Holland 1994. (Ed. with G.P. Patil). ... with Tata Subba Rao and Suhasini Subba Rao). Handbook of Statistics 30: Time Series Analysis: Methods and Applications . North ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C._R._Rao

Klein, J. P.; Moeschberger, M. L. (2003). Survival Analysis: Techniques for Censored and Truncated Data. New York: Springer. p ... A common application of the inverse Mills ratio (sometimes also called "non-selection hazard") arises in regression analysis to ... ISBN 978-1-4200-1102-9.. Greene, W. H. (2003). Econometric Analysis (Fifth ed.). Prentice-Hall. p. 759. ISBN 0-13-066189-9. ... also called survival function). The concept is named after John P. Mills. The Mills ratio is related to the hazard rate h(x) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mills_ratio

Rukayadi, Y; Suwanto, A; Tjahjono, B; Harling, R (2000). "Survival and epiphytic fitness of a nonpathogenic mutant of ... Methods for Microbial Community Analysis in Indonesian Tempe Employing Amplified Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer Analysis". HAYATI ... Microbiological and Molecular Biological Analysis Based on 16S rRNA Gene". Microbiology Indonesia. 2 (1): 17-21. doi:10.5454/mi ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonius_Suwanto

The following cladogram shows a possible phylogenetic position of Caypullisaurus in Ophthalmosauridae according to the analysis ... "New Ophthalmosaurid Ichthyosaurs from the European Lower Cretaceous Demonstrate Extensive Ichthyosaur Survival across the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caypullisaurus

... the analysis of which would occupy too large a space. The work is thus a complete summary of the common law as it stood at the ... we recognise survivals of a time before the iron rule of feudalism had moulded the law of land in the interests of the king and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_de_Littleton

Survival rates decrease to 58% for women with stage III cancer and 17% or fewer of those with stage IV cancer five years after ... Zhang X, Dai B, Zhang B, Wang Z (February 2012). "Vitamin A and risk of cervical cancer: a meta-analysis". Gynecologic Oncology ... Five year survival in the United States for White women is 69% and for Black women is 57%.[needs update] Regular screening has ... Five-year survival rates in the United States are 68%. Outcomes, however, depend very much on how early the cancer is detected ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_cancer

Fleming, Thomas, The Perils of Peace: America's Struggle for Survival, (Collins, New York, 2007) p. 30 Fleming, p. 236 " ... text, contemporary documents and 20th century analysis Houston, Alan, ed. Franklin: The Autobiography and other Writings on ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin

From an analysis of the PANO1 protein, it was observed that the protein contains a low amount of lysine and a very low amount ... p14ARF is a protein that is a known tumor suppressor.It does this by controlling cell proliferation and cell survival, however ... A functional analysis of these types of genes revealed that they often have tissue-specific expression in tissues such as the ... The same analysis indicated that the protein does not contain any hydrophobic or transmembrane regions. PANO1 contains 2 cAMP ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PANO1

Sathyajith, C.; Yamanoue, Y.; Yokobori, S.; Thampy, S.; Vattiringal Jayadradhan, R.K. (December 2019). "Mitogenome analysis of ... Anupama, K.M.; Harikrishnan, M. (2015). "Improved survival of Malabar puffer fish, Carinotetraodon travancoricus (Hora and Nair ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwarf_pufferfish

Since the activation of c-Src leads to the promotion of survival, angiogenesis, proliferation and invasion pathways, the ... An immunohistochemical and biochemical analysis". J. Pathol. 180 (4): 383-8. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9896(199612)180:4. 3.0.CO;2 ... When src is activated, it promotes survival, angiogenesis, proliferation and invasion pathways. It also regulates angiogenic ... correlation of relapse and survival with amplification of the HER-2/neu oncogene". Science. 235 (4785): 177-82. Bibcode:1987Sci ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-oncogene_tyrosine-protein_kinase_Src

After a thorough analysis of all the elements of the investigation, from the testimony of the witnesses (and the contradictions ... which out of subordination and financial survival reasons agreed and aided Marinakis' right-hand Giorgos Sarris to become ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Greek_football_match-fixing_scandal

... "meta-analysis [had demonstrated that] the overall effect size for both randomized and correlational studies was small for ... non-violent survival horror first-person game from Japan Though infrequently regarded as explicitly violent, role-playing video ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonviolent_video_game

This estimate was based on life-cycle analysis, including feed production, land use changes, etc., and used GWP (global warming ... which deprives other species of land needed for their survival, with the meat industry playing a significant role in this ... who noted that the authors had not performed a similar life-cycle analysis for transportation, causing the relative ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_vegetarianism

Similarly, an analysis of early-20th century oil booms in Texas and neighboring states found no effect of oil discoveries on ... Wright, Joseph; Frantz, Erica (2017-07-01). "How oil income and missing hydrocarbon rents data influence autocratic survival: A ... A 2021 meta-analysis of 46 natural experiments found that price increases in oil and lootable minerals increased the likelihood ... A 2019 meta-analysis of 69 studies found "that there is no aggregate relationship between natural resources and conflict." ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_curse

She attempted to support her claim by releasing a video with DNA analysis, but her DNA claims were rejected by the Cherokee ... Garroutte, Eva Marie (2003). Real Indians: Identity and the Survival of Native America. Berkeley, California: University of ... kilometres of land". The CBC investigation used handwriting analysis, and other methods of archival and historical evaluation ... Analysis revealed letter linked to 1,000 Indigenous ancestry claims is likely fake". CBC News. Archived from the original on ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pretendian

Before the "Final Solution": Toward a Comparative Analysis of Political Antisemitism in Interwar Germany and Poland. Journal of ... as most Poles saw similarities between Israel's fight for survival and Poland's past struggles for independence. Many Poles ... Toward a Comparative Analysis of Political Anti-Semitism in Interwar Germany and Poland, The Journal of Modern History, Vol. 68 ... Toward a Comparative Analysis of Political Anti-Semitism in Interwar Germany and Poland", The Journal of Modern History, Vol. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Poland

"BioTechniques - Antarctic Microbe's Survival Tricks Revealed". www.biotechniques.com. Retrieved 2016-07-11. "Extremophiles and ... Coker, James A.; DasSarma, Shiladitya (2007-01-01). "Genetic and transcriptomic analysis of transcription factor genes in the ... "Understanding the Adaptation of Halobacterium Species NRC-1 to Its Extreme Environment through Computational Analysis of Its ... baltimore.cbslocal.com/2013/03/14/researchers-study-survival-secrets-of-mars/ Baltimore Sun Story http://www.baltimoresun.com/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiladitya_DasSarma

Gene analyses studies have reported that EPS tumor cells in some individuals have copy number variations such as loses of ... Overall, EPC tumors have prognoses similar to in situ breast carcinomas with 10-year survival rates approaching 100% and 10- ... Gene analysis studies find molecular alterations in the SPC tumor cells of some individuals. These include loses in the long ... Immunohistochemcal analyses find that most cases of SPC have tumor cells that express the estrogen and progesterone receptors ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papillary_carcinomas_of_the_breast

Once we attend to our emotional feedback, our survival/growth tendency ensures that we are constantly attempting to make the ... A latent variable analysis". Cognitive Psychology. 41 (1): 49-100. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.485.1953. doi:10.1006/cogp.1999.0734. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flexibility_(personality)

Factor analysis was also brought into play by both psychologists and sociologists of religion, to establish a fixed core of ... Like all biological systems, the mind is optimised to promote survival and reproduction in the evolutionary environment. On ... Gary Leak's Faith Development Scale, or FDS, has been subject to factor analysis by Leak. Other theorists in developmental ... Leak, Gary K (2002). "Exploratory factor analysis of the religious maturity scale". BNET UK. CBS Interactive Inc. Retrieved 22 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychology_of_religion

In many cases, ruling agencies deem the necessary for business survival. There is a section of Business that is dedicated to ... In order to enforce the new policies in an ethical manner Business Ethicists have created a cost-benefit analysis, placing an ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_development

Bensimon G, Ludolph A, Agid Y, Vidailhet M, Payan C, Leigh PN (January 2009). "Riluzole treatment, survival and diagnostic ... revealed robust α-synuclein pathology in the pontine nuclei and medullary inferior olivary nucleus upon histological analysis ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_system_atrophy

UNU-WIDER's mandate is to undertake multidisciplinary research and policy analysis on structural changes affecting the living ... and the dissemination of knowledge related to the pressing global problems of human survival, development, and welfare. The UNU ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Institute_for_Development_Economics_Research

Davenport, Christian, "SpaceX rocket hits barge, Elon Musk says, but 'too hard for survival'," washingtonpost.com, 14 April ... Ryan, Missy, "Pentagon: Initial analysis suggests Libya strike killed senior militant," washingtonpost.com, "U.S. planes target ... "too hard for survival," according to SpaceX founder, chief executive officer, and chief designer Elon Musk. The rocket had been ... "keeping out fuel needed for the Yemeni population's survival, in violation of the laws of war.". 12 May A United States Marine ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_in_aviation

Himmelreich R, Hilbert H, Plagens H, Pirkl E, Li BC, Herrmann R (November 1996). "Complete sequence analysis of the genome of ... For example, in some parasites metabolic processes that are not essential for survival are lost and preformed amino acids, ... These models are now used in network analysis, to classify human diseases into groups that share common proteins or metabolites ... ISBN 978-0-7167-4339-2. Kelleher JK, Bryan BM, Mallet RT, Holleran AL, Murphy AN, Fiskum G (September 1987). "Analysis of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolism

Gregg C, Zhang J, Weissbourd B, Luo S, Schroth GP, Haig D, Dulac C (August 2010). "High-resolution analysis of parent-of-origin ... The mother's evolutionary imperative is often to conserve resources for her own survival while providing sufficient nourishment ... ISBN 0-470-02262-0. Wolf JB, Cheverud JM, Roseman C, Hager R (June 2008). "Genome-wide analysis reveals a complex pattern of ... Lazaraviciute G, Kauser M, Bhattacharya S, Haggarty P, Bhattacharya S (2014). "A systematic review and meta-analysis of DNA ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genomic_imprinting

This hypothesis is confirmed by the analysis of the pseudogenes of Buchnera where the number of deletions was more than ten ... which were capable of surviving within the host cell and which the host cell likewise needed for survival. Many present-day ... Wernegreen, J. J.; Moran, N. A. (1999-01-01). "Evidence for genetic drift in endosymbionts (Buchnera): analyses of protein- ... "Functional and evolutionary analysis of a eukaryotic parasitic genome". Current Opinion in Microbiology. 5 (5): 499-505. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genome_size

Wei SQ, Luo ZC, Xu H, Fraser WD (September 2009). "The effect of early oxytocin augmentation in labor: a meta-analysis". ... The World Health Organization has developed guidelines with recommendations to improve the chances of survival and health ... Hsia RY, Akosa Antwi Y, Weber E (January 2014). "Analysis of variation in charges and prices paid for vaginal and caesarean ... According to a 2013 analysis performed commissioned by the New York Times and performed by Truven Healthcare Analytics, the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Childbirth

Right to Laziness, or Right to Survival?"). In 2013, activists and social scientists joined the European Citizens' Initiative ... which he analyses as a new emerging social class. He concludes on the necessity for "governments to provide basic security as a ... 5 June 2007.[permanent dead link] Osmo Soininvaara, "Hyvinvointivaltion eloonjäämisoppi" (A survival doctrine for the welfare ... He argued the grant was offering a survival lifeline to millions. Mary Burton, writing an opinion piece for Business Day in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_basic_income_around_the_world

In an interview with Staley, Lil B agrees with this analysis, saying, "I can do 'Swag OD' but then my favorite musical artist ... Lil B took offense to the lyrics in the song "Survival Tactics" by late rapper Capital STEEZ, a founding member of the group ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lil_B

The Special Group (aka 4 Vikas/22 SF/22 SG), a clandestine special forces unit which operates under Research and Analysis Wing ... survival skills, linguistic training, logistic training, trade-craft training is imparted by the intelligence agencies. The ... "Manipur: Operation 'Summer Storm' called off". Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses. Retrieved 7 March 2018. "Myanmar ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Para_(Special_Forces)

He is considered the best hope for the survival of this sire line into the 21st century. He made a promising start to his ... http://www.bloodhorse.com/horse-racing/articles/90474/pedigree-analysis-is-bigger-always-better[bare URL] "Jay Robbins, Trainer ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiznow

Parametric survival models have not previously been applied to survival following a diagnosis of HIV/ AIDS in Australia. Four ... Survival of patients with urinary bladder cancer in Jordan, 2005-2014 Nour Abdo; Majd Alsoukhni; Anwar Batieha; Kamal Arqoub ... No research on survival from bladder cancer at the national level has been conducted before. Aims: This study aimed to estimate ... Parametric modelling of survival following HIV and AIDS in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy: data from Australia ...

https://apps.who.int:80/iris/browse?authority=Survival+Analysis&type=mesh

Survival analysis of mutation motifs. Contribute to matsengrp/samm development by creating an account on GitHub. ... The method is based on a survival analysis model and uses MCEM to find parameters that maximize the likelihood of the data. ... A mutation model is defined by the parameters in the survival model, which describes how the mutation rate changes when ...

https://github.com/matsengrp/samm

... yielding a latent representation optimized for survival prediction. To handle right-censored survival outcomes, our network ... This dense motion model forms the input to a supervised system called 4Dsurvival that can efficiently predict human survival. ... Motion analysis is used in computer vision to understand the behaviour of moving objects in sequences of images. Optimizing the ... how a complex computer vision task using high-dimensional medical image data can efficiently predict human survival. A fully ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/s42256-019-0019-2?error=cookies_not_supported&code=e1b7922b-7051-4030-9b42-9ee77ab05f08

https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/browse?locale-attribute=en&authority=Survival+Analysis&type=mesh

The field of survival analysis emerged in the 20th century and experienced tremendous growth during the latter half of the ... Survival analysis in clinical trials: past developments and future directions Biometrics. 2000 Dec;56(4):971-83. doi: 10.1111/j ... The field of survival analysis emerged in the 20th century and experienced tremendous growth during the latter half of the ... and large-sample properties of survival analysis statistics. Significant progress has been achieved and further developments ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11129494/?dopt=Abstract

Doctoral course within the doctoral programme in Epidemiology Course Number: 3142 Credit points: 1,5

https://ki.se/en/meb/biostatistics-iii-survival-analysis-for-epidemiologists

... such as patient survival during the COVID-19 pandemic, the time to failure of engineering products, or even the time to closing ... This three-part series covers a review with step-by-step explanations and code for how to perform statistical survival analysis ... Survival Analysis Basics. Survival analysis is a set of statistical approaches used to find out the time it takes for an event ... Survival analysis is used to study the time until some event of interest (often referred to as death) occurs. Time could be ...

https://www.kdnuggets.com/2020/07/complete-guide-survival-analysis-python-part1.html

... The provisional mortality update for ...

https://wonder.cdc.gov/cancer-survival-v2011.html

UK solar industry fighting for survival after losing up to one third of workforce ... Enjoy exclusive news, insights and analysis from Europes leading source of information on the green economy and business. ... Tap into our extensive archive of exclusive articles, news, analysis and guides ...

https://www.businessgreen.com/analysis/2465878/uk-solar-industry-fighting-for-survival-after-losing-up-to-one-third-of-workforce

The Zombie Survival and Risk Analysis Quiz October 5, 2012 1:03 PM Subscribe The Zombie Survival and Risk Analysis Quiz. Are ... I suspect this analysis isnt strictly scientific.. Seriously, its a sort of funny quiz. Though theres already several others ...

https://projects.metafilter.com/3742/The-Zombie-Survival-and-Risk-Analysis-Quiz

The goal of this study was to understand factors associated with treatment-free survival in the general population, because ... Treatment-free survival, which is living without the need for treatment for recurrent cancer, is an important outcome for ... Disease-specific survival was defined as the time interval from diagnosis to death from thyroid cancer or time of analysis. A ... The 10-year treatment-free survival rates were 94%, 87%, 80%, 64% and 39%. The 10-year disease-specific survival rates were 99 ...

https://www.thyroid.org/patient-thyroid-information/ct-for-patients/september-2018/vol-11-issue-9-p-3-4/

... data and the objectives of survival analysis are described. Some fundamental concepts of survival analysis are introduced and ... The distinguishing features of survival, or time-to-event, ... 2016Survival analysis is the analysis of data involving times ... data and the objectives of survival analysis are described. Some fundamental concepts of survival analysis are introduced and ... 2016Survival analysis is the analysis of data involving times to some event of interest. The distinguishing features of ...

https://www.ndph.ox.ac.uk/publications/637817?7582cbd4-7049-11ed-a561-061ab7f93640

Analysis of Sexual Dimorphism in Newly-hatched Podocnemis expansa - Welloyane Gomes. CLICK IMAGE TO SEE FULL POSTER. ... Copyright © 2022, Turtle Survival Alliance. All Rights Reserved.Payment icons * ...

https://turtlesurvival.org/blogs/news/analysis-of-sexual-dimorphism-in-newly-hatched-podocnemis-expansa-welloyane-gomes

PROGNOSTIC FACTORS AND SURVIVAL ANALYSIS IN ESOPHAGEAL CARCINOMA Francisco TUSTUMI Cancer Institute of São Paulo State, São ... By univariate and multivariate analysis (Tables 1 and 2), variables associated to poor survival rate in EA was weight loss, ... Statistical Analysis. Regarding statistical analysis, to compare group means, ANOVA test was used; to analyze Kaplan-Meier ... No difference was noted between SCC and EA overall survival curves. After five years, SCC presented 22.81% survival rate ...

https://www.scielo.br/j/abcd/a/dLzpj3CqPtqcjrNNKd8KJRG/?lang=en

It improved the quality of life (QoL) of all patients and in two cases extended overall survival.Conclusion: The extended ... It improved the quality of life (QoL) of all patients and in two cases extended overall survival. Conclusions: The extended ... Data collection and analysis of these cases were in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Patients clinical ... Report of a Case with Long Survival (Seventeen Years) Analyzed by Cgh-Array. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 18, 1818. doi:10.3390/ ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.867907/full

Sex Differences in Cancer Incidence and Survival: A Pan-Cancer Analysis. ... Sex Differences in Cancer Incidence and Survival: A Pan-Cancer Analysis. Journal Article (Journal Article) ... incidence and survival of cancer vary significantly by sex, with males generally having lower incidence and survival compared ... RESULTS: In general, cancer incidence and overall survival were lower in males than females, with Kaposi sarcoma (IRR: 9.751; ...

https://scholars.duke.edu/display/pub1470406

Abstract The mixture cure model in survival analysis has received large and growing attention in the last few decades. Here we ... Methods for the analysis of such survival data have long been known. See for example Kalbfleisch and Prentice (1981). A good ... bullet\) Its very common in survival analysis to encounter a KME which has levelled off at a value less than 1. This may ... "Survival Analysis with Long Term Survivors." Wiley, Chichester. National Cancer Institute, DCCPS. 2019. "Surveillance, ...

https://www.r-bloggers.com/2022/10/some-recent-developments-in-mixture-cure-model-methodology-for-survival-analysis/

Predicting patient survival probabilities based on observed covariates is an important assessment in clinical practice. These ... Retarded kernels for longitudinal survival analysis and dynamic prediction. Davies, Annabel L.; Coolen, Anthony C. C.; Galla, ... Landmark analysis is simpler, but discards a proportion of the available data at each `landmark time. In this work we propose ... Predicting patient survival probabilities based on observed covariates is an important assessment in clinical practice. These ...

https://ifisc.uib-csic.es/es/publications/retarded-kernels-for-longitudinal-survival-analysi/

Improved survival of gastric cancer with tumour Epstein-Barr virus positivity: an international pooled analysis ... Improved survival of gastric cancer with tumour Epstein-Barr virus positivity: an international pooled analysis ... Improved survival of gastric cancer with tumour Epstein-Barr virus positivity: an international pooled analysis ...

https://gut.bmj.com/content/63/2/236.citation-tools

PROVENGE overall survival benefit in black men with metastatic prostate cancer (mCRCP), ... Sipuleucel-T overall Survival Benefit with African-American Patients Oliver Sartor, ... Prospective, Real-World Data Analysis Showed Additional Overall Survival Benefit with Sipuleucel-T in African American Patients ... But we did a direct comparison between the African American outcomes for survival because of course, we can ascertain survival ...

https://www.urotoday.com/video-lectures/mcrpc-treatment/video/1368-prospective-real-world-data-analysis-showed-additional-overall-survival-benefit-with-sipuleucel-t-in-african-american-patients-oliver-sartor.html

Meta-analysis of five cohort studies found volunteers to be at lower risk of mortality (risk ratio: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.66, 0.90). ... Data synthesis was based on vote counting and random effects meta-analysis of mortality risk ratios. Forty papers were selected ... Observational evidence suggested that volunteering may benefit mental health and survival although the causal mechanisms remain ... physical and mental health and survival, and to explore the influence of volunteering type and intensity on health outcomes. ...

https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2458-13-773/tables/1

A Statistical Analysis of Trends in Light-duty Vehicle Scrappage and Survival: 2003-2020. ... A Statistical Analysis of Trends in Light-duty Vehicle Scrappage and Survival: 2003-2020. David Greene and Benjamin Leard, for ... A-Statistical-Analysis-of-Trends-in-Light-duty-Vehicle-Scrappage-and-Survival-2003-2020.Report ...

https://bakercenter.utk.edu/energy-and-environment-reports/a-statistical-analysis-of-trends-in-light-duty-vehicle-scrappage-and-survival-2003-2020/

Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis, Kaplan-Meier survival plot with hazard ratio and logrank P value are ... As a demonstration, we used the tool to validate 21 previously published survival associated biomarkers. Of these, survival was ... Here we present the development of an online tool suitable for the real-time meta-analysis of published lung cancer microarray ... In summary, we established an integrated database and an online tool capable of uni- and multivariate analysis for in silico ...

https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0082241

To account for this distinction, we will perform a survival analysis. Focusing on the time after the snap, we will then ... Survival analysis for offensive lines. With sacks eliminated from the discussion, we are left with basically nothing to ... In practice, it turns out that seven seconds is a reasonable point to stop the analysis, as our data shows if a quarterback ... Without further ado, here is the league-average survival curve for 2019 (the dashed black line). To get an idea of the spread ...

https://www.pff.com/news/nfl-pff-quantitative-insights-investigating-pass-protection-with-survival-analysis

I have to do the survival analysis. but for that actually i need only the copy numbers and survival time of patients. I cant ... TCGA survival analysis copy number variation • 508 views ADD COMMENT • link 23 months ago by anjuraas ▴ 10 ... I am totally new to survival analysis. Please help me with this. ... a study to know the effect of copy number gain in survival of ...

https://www.biostars.org/p/481577/

5225 - Survival analysis of sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with microvascular invasion after hepatectomy. ... The recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were observed. Associated factors were analyzed using univariate ... The use of sorafenib after hepatectomy in HCC patients with MVI can prolong survival time. ... and prolong the survival time. The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of sorafenib on the clinical outcomes in HCC ...

https://oncologypro.esmo.org/meeting-resources/esmo-2018-congress/survival-analysis-of-sorafenib-in-hepatocellular-carcinoma-patients-with-microvascular-invasion-after-hepatectomy?page=4

Epidemiology of breast cancer in women in Jordan: patient characteristics and survival analysis ... Furthermore, the size of the study was sufficiently large to perform survival analysis across different subgroups of breast ... Vahdaninia M, Montazeri A. Breast cancer in Iran: survival analysis. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 2004, 5(2):223 ... Dickman PW, Hakulinen T. Population-based cancer survival analysis (statistics in practice series). New Jersey, John Wiley, ...

http://www.emro.who.int/emhj-volume-16-2010/volume-16-issue-10/article-03.html

Socioeconomic gaps over time in colorectal cancer survival in England: flexible parametric survival analysis ... Socioeconomic gaps over time in colorectal cancer survival in England: flexible parametric survival analysis ...

https://jech.bmj.com/content/75/12/1155.altmetrics

... ... This study proposes a new metric for QOL analysis gathered from qualitative physician remarks on patient mood in the clinical ... The results of this study demonstrate a strong relationship between CIM and survival duration. Further research into the ... A chi-square test was used to compare binary factors and a linear regression model was used for continuous metric analysis. ...

https://smartech.gatech.edu/handle/1853/63820

The type of transcript analysis performed in this study sets the foundation for more detailed functional and genome level ... analyses of the genes involved in desiccation tolerance in nematodes. ... From: Desiccation survival in an Antarctic nematode: molecular analysis using expressed sequenced tags ...

https://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2164-10-69/tables/3

Topics covered include methods for estimating survival (life table and Kaplan-Meier methods), comparing survival between subgroups (log-rank test), and modelling survival (primarily Poisson regression and the Cox proportional hazards model). (ki.se)
1) Kaplan-Meier plots to visualize survival curves. (kdnuggets.com)
A good place to start is simply to look at the data, literally, in the form of the Kaplan-Meier Estimator (KME, Kaplan and Meier ( 1958 ) ), which is a nonparametric estimator of the survival function (the tail, or complement, of the distribution describing the lifetimes) which takes into account the censoring. (r-bloggers.com)
function from the survival package computes the Kaplan-Meier estimator for truncated and/or censored data. (microsoft.com)
function in package rhosp plots the survival function using a variant of the Kaplan-Meier estimator in a hospitalisation risk context. (microsoft.com)
Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox-hazard regression were used to characterize the independent survival benefits of prehospital plasma for transport origin groups. (surgjournal.com)
Kaplan-Meier analysis or Cox regression)? (ki.se)
Due to the frequency of utilization of survival analysis in medical literature, healthcare providers must understand common concepts and analyses associated with these techniques, including Kaplan-Meier, log-rank tests, and Cox proportional hazards models. (statpearls.com)
One of the most frequently used methods of survival analysis is the Kaplan-Meier (KM) approach. (statpearls.com)
Survival function probabilities of patients and rational risk factors of survival functions were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses, respectively. (hvt-journal.com)
According to Kaplan-Meier results survival probabilities calculated for 1st year: 0.96 (0.014), for 3rd year: 0.94 (0.018), for 5th year: 0.86 (0.04), for 7th year: 0.75 (0.10). (hvt-journal.com)
From other factors influencing mortality, sex did not show strong impact on survival by Kaplan-Meier analysis, but significant association was found by Cox regression analysis. (hvt-journal.com)
Survival analysis included the Kaplan-Meier method for calculation of the cumulative incidence of the survival event and the log rank method for comparison of survival curves between groups. (silverchair.com)
Flu vaccination coverage estimates were calculated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis to determine the cumulative flu vaccination coverage (≥1 dose) during July 2017 through May 2018 using monthly interview data collected September 2017 through June 2018. (cdc.gov)

No difference was noted between squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal adenocarcinoma overall survival curves. (scielo.br)
These analyses are usually required on a routine basis by all biomedical research laboratories involved in cell survival assays generating dose-response curves aimed at characterizing radiosensitive mutant cell strains or individuals whose body cells exhibit enhanced sensitivity to radiation and other genotoxic agents. (elsevier.com)
Chaudhary, MA & Hannan, MA 2002, ' A SAS macro for the analysis of cell survival curves ', Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine , vol. 67, no. 3, pp. 201-207. (elsevier.com)
Hannan, Mohammad A. / A SAS macro for the analysis of cell survival curves . (elsevier.com)
function in survival compares survival curves using the Fleming-Harrington G-rho family of test. (microsoft.com)
Cost and utility are automatically calculated from the underlying survival curves. (treeage.com)
[7] One can calculate confidence intervals (CIs) for KM probabilities and plot CIs in the survival curves to provide a range of possible values for the population based on the sample. (statpearls.com)

We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to evaluate if propofol reduced survival compared to any other hypnotic agent in any clinical setting. (medscape.com)
1) What is the impact of certain clinical characteristics on patient's survival? (kdnuggets.com)
They were divided according to histological diagnosis (444 squamous cell carcinoma patients and 105 adenocarcinoma), and their demographic, pathological and clinical characteristics were analyzed and compared to clinical stage and overall survival. (scielo.br)
Predicting patient survival probabilities based on observed covariates is an important assessment in clinical practice. (uib-csic.es)
This study proposes a new metric for QOL analysis gathered from qualitative physician remarks on patient mood in the clinical setting, referred to as clinic impression of mood (CIM). (gatech.edu)
Clinical outcomes and survival analysis of Remdesivir as a treatment option for moderate to severe COVID-19 patients. (researchsquare.com)
We performed a secondary analysis of data from a recently completed prehospital plasma clinical trial. (surgjournal.com)
A long-term analysis of the IMvigor211 clinical trial shows that patients with metastatic bladder cancer who received atezolizumab lived longer and had more manageable side effects compared with those who received chemotherapy. (facmedicine.com)
Liver retransplantation in children is associated with decreased survival compared with primary LT, particularly, in the clinical settings of those patients requiring ErLT. (emmes.com)
Clinical Characteristics and Survival Analysis in Frequent Alcohol Consumers With COVID-19. (bvsalud.org)
International benchmarking studies on cancer survival is an important aspect in cancer surveillance and plays a key role to develop and assess early-detection strategies, the quality of clinical care, and the management of cancer patients. (who.int)
Nine clinical factors can be used to model survival in mRCC and form distinct prognostic groups. (emmes.com)
Data for analysis of YIF1B mRNA expression were downloaded from the website portals: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), GTEx, Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC), including clinical and mutational information. (silverchair.com)
Through clinical trials, research, and collaboration, the 5-year survival rate for acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the U.S. increased from 60% in 1975 to about 90% in 2010 for children 0-14 years 1 . (cdc.gov)
For advanced-stage blight (on the brink of 90 % are high-grade serous carcinomas), a recent clinical experiment from Japan showed that dose-dense paclitaxel in trust with type carboplatin improved the median progression-free survival from 17 to 28 months when com- pared to conventional conduct of carboplatin/pacli- taxel [68]. (daubnet.com)
Within clinical trials, we are testing whether empiric use of a broad-spectrum antibiotic improves post-infection survival in Kenyan children. (washington.edu)
Data from eleven registries were utilized for eliciting survival trend and seventeen registries for reporting survival by clinical extent of disease. (who.int)

Subgroup analyses showed that RDV utilization had a non-significant effect on the risk of all three outcomes across different groups. (researchsquare.com)
FIP subgroup analysis revealed an association with telomerase mutated FIP (p=2.0x10 −4 ) and FIP with unknown genetic cause (p=2.5x10 −9 ), but not with surfactant mutated FIP. (ersjournals.com)
However, the mechanism by which patients achieved the added survival benefit in this subgroup is not known. (onclive.com)

Five groups were defined with progressively reduced recurrence-free survival based on history of additional neck surgery, use of radioactive iodine or external radiation done at 1 or more years after initial diagnosis. (thyroid.org)
The recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were observed. (esmo.org)
The multivariate analysis indicated that patients with decreased TRG scores had a better recurrence-free survival (RFS) compared with those with stable TRG scores (HR=0.42, P =0.034), and a similar trend was observed in the validation cohort ( P =0.068). (jcancer.org)

To handle right-censored survival outcomes, our network used a Cox partial likelihood loss function. (nature.com)
Their outcomes formed the basis for the analysis. (thyroid.org)
Here we present a post-hoc analysis of the role of initial rhythm on patient outcomes. (resuscitationjournal.com)
This analysis examines survival outcomes for children whose mothers die during or shortly after childbirth in Butajira, Ethiopia. (escholarship.org)
Child outcomes were assessed using statistical tests to compare survival trajectories and age-specific mortality rates for children who did and did not experience a maternal death. (escholarship.org)
To examine outcomes and identify prognostic factors affecting survival after pediatric liver transplantation, data from 246 children who underwent a second liver transplantation (rLT) between 1996 and 2004 were analyzed from the SPLIT registry, a multi-center database currently comprised of 45 North American pediatric liver transplant programs. (emmes.com)
Outcomes analysed in the research were overall survival, transplant failure, risk of infections and rebound in HIV viral load. (aidsmap.com)
Continued improvement in survival in multiple myeloma: changes in early mortality and outcomes in older patients. (springermedizin.at)

The method is based on a survival analysis model and uses MCEM to find parameters that maximize the likelihood of the data. (github.com)
This dense motion model formed the input to a supervised denoising autoencoder (4Dsurvival), which is a hybrid network consisting of an autoencoder that learns a task-specific latent code representation trained on observed outcome data, yielding a latent representation optimized for survival prediction. (nature.com)
This work demonstrates how a complex computer vision task using high-dimensional medical image data can efficiently predict human survival. (nature.com)
However, data regarding treatmentfree survival in the general population does not exist. (thyroid.org)
A complex statistical analysis was employed to analyze data obtained. (thyroid.org)
METHODS: We quantified sex differences in cancer incidence using the United States Cancer Statistics (USCS) public use database and sex differences in cancer survival using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) public use data from 2001 to 2016. (duke.edu)
2018 ) , the times of occurrence of four endpoints (overall survival, disease-specific survival, disease-free interval, or progression-free interval) for 11,160 patients across 33 cancer types were obtained from follow-up data files, with a view to making recommendations to clinicians regarding their patient's status. (r-bloggers.com)
Methods for the analysis of such survival data have long been known. (r-bloggers.com)
This analysis provides data on 221 African American (AA) patients and 1649 Caucasian (CAU) patients who received sipuleucel-T. In terms of all patients, the median overall survival (OS) for AA patients was 35.2 months and the median OS for CAU patients was 25.8 months. (urotoday.com)
In practice, it turns out that seven seconds is a reasonable point to stop the analysis, as our data shows if a quarterback held the ball for seven seconds on each snap, he would be pressured 199 out of 200 times, hence the survival rate is close to zero at this point. (pff.com)
I am analyzing a data set - analysis of newspaper failure- over a 55 year time span and also looking at a time span of the last ten years. (talkstats.com)
I have the survival data (survival time + time of death) of a population after a certain treatment, as well as a standard population built from year-, age- and sex-specific mortality rates in the general population. (talkstats.com)
Hi all, We use survival data of 90 patients that were divided in two sub groups. (talkstats.com)
This paper describes a SAS macro for the statistical analyses of cell survival data obtained after radiation treatment using the methods of R.E. Tarone et al. (elsevier.com)
This task view aims at presenting the useful R packages for the analysis of time to event data. (microsoft.com)
in NestedCohort estimates the survival curve for each level of categorical variables with missing data. (microsoft.com)
The survPresmooth package computes presmoothed estimates of the main quantities used for right-censored data, i.e., survival, hazard and density functions. (microsoft.com)
The condSURV package provides methods for estimating the conditional survival function for ordered multivariate failure time data. (microsoft.com)
The gte package implements the generalised Turnbull estimator proposed by Dehghan and Duchesne for estimating the conditional survival function with interval-censored data. (microsoft.com)
The DTDA package implements several algorithms permitting to analyse possibly doubly truncated survival data. (microsoft.com)
npsurv computes the NPMLE of a survival function for general interval-censored data. (microsoft.com)
I'm working on a survival analysis involving transplant data. (talkstats.com)
This course will focus on the specialized issues related to the analysis of survival or time-to-event data. (upenn.edu)
The course begins by closely examining the features unique to survival data which distinguishes these data from other more familiar types. (upenn.edu)
Survival analysis : techniques for censored and truncated data / by John P. Klein, Melvin L. Moeschberger. (who.int)
Using SURVCAN data, in Thailand for example, regional differences in survival were also noted for three preventable cancer sites (cervical, breast and colorectal). (who.int)
Lungfunction and survival data were collected for IPF and FIP. (ersjournals.com)
I carried out survival analysis on real life liver transplant data, in order to help with the research used to develop the new transplant benefit score, which assigns an available liver to the patient on the waiting list that will benefit the most from it. (port.ac.uk)
The service comprises the choice of an appropriate statistical model and analysis tools for a data set at hand (e.g. generalized linear models, survival analysis, mixed models, nonparametric regression etc.), general questions concerning different kinds of data (e.g. cross-sectional data vs. panel data vs. time series data) as well as the choice of an appropriate estimation method (e.g. likelihood vs. bayesian). (uni-goettingen.de)
Furthermore, the consulting service includes the support in implementing the data analysis in established software packages (Excel, R, Stata, SPSS etc.), as well as interpretation and presentation of the obtained results. (uni-goettingen.de)
Age and organ damage correlate with poor survival in myeloma patients: meta-analysis of 1435 individual patient data from 4 randomized trials. (springermedizin.at)
Amgen and BMS have each submitted retrospective analyses as part of applications to update their drugs' labels with gene-response data [see PGx Reporter 12-17-2008 ]. (genomeweb.com)
The meta-analysis included six randomized trials that enrolled both men and women and compare the two operative strategies with follow-up data reported to at least 4 years. (medscape.com)
Besides chapters on every registry and general chapters on methodology, database and overview, the availability of online comparative statistics on cancer survival data by participating registries or cancer site in the form of tables or graphs is an added feature. (who.int)
The researchers created a time-to-event survival model adjusted for sociodemographic data and comorbidities. (acc.org)
Modelling childhood caries using parametric competing risks survival analysis methods for clustered data. (bvsalud.org)

However, survival analysis for mortality, MV, and transfer to a higher level revealed insignificant differences in the median time between groups. (researchsquare.com)
Consequences of maternal mortality on infant and child survival: a 25-year longitudinal analysis in Butajira Ethiopia (1987-2011). (escholarship.org)
Survival analysis was used to determine the association between HIV infection/exposure with mortality, and linear regression was used to examine the association with length of stay and duration of mechanical ventilation. (who.int)
63% of current mortality if implemented at very high levels of coverage.2 New and increased commitments are necessary to prioritize and accelerate child survival efforts and allocate resources within countries. (who.int)
Mortality was slightly lower at least 4 years after coronary bypass surgery performed "on-pump," that is, with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) support, compared with beating-heart "off-pump" bypass surgery in a new meta-analysis. (medscape.com)

4) Cox proportional hazards regression to find out the effect of different variables like age, sex, weight on survival. (kdnuggets.com)
Methods The authors conducted Cox proportional hazards regression analyses of lung cancer risk with cumulative, mean and maximum 'daily weighted average' (DWA) exposure among 5436 workers, using age-based risk sets. (bmj.com)

Algorithms, motion models and statistical analysis are publicly available on Github under a GNU General Public License ( https://github.com/UK-Digital-Heart-Project/4Dsurvival ) 76 . (nature.com)
These programs are not easily accessible to most biomedical statisticians and researchers because APL is not a common software tool for statistical analysis. (elsevier.com)
Implementation of these methods in SAS, a widely used commercial software for statistical analysis, is expected to help resolve this issue. (elsevier.com)

This three-part series covers a review with step-by-step explanations and code for how to perform statistical survival analysis used to investigate the time some event takes to occur, such as patient survival during the COVID-19 pandemic, the time to failure of engineering products, or even the time to closing a sale after an initial customer contact. (kdnuggets.com)
Three-month, 1- and 2-year patient survival rates were inferior after rLT (74%, 67% and 65%) compared with primary LT (92%, 88% and 85%, respectively). (emmes.com)
30 days after LT (late rLT, LrLT): 3-month, 1- and 2-year patient survival rates 66%, 59%, and 56% versus 80%, 74% and 61%, respectively, log-rank p = 0.0141. (emmes.com)
However, while analysis of the TCGA grade II/III tumour dataset showed a trend towards high CD147 gene expression and reduced patient survival (HR=2.34, p=0.064, n=132), the results were not statistically significant. (edu.au)

The landest package allows landmark estimation and testing of survival probabilities. (microsoft.com)

Although the primary analysis did not demonstrate statistically significant longer OS for patients receiving atezolizumab versus chemotherapy, updated OS showed long-term durable remission,' they note. (facmedicine.com)
I think the practical application of our paper is, if you are in any way uncertain as to whether to do on-pump or off-pump, do on-pump as it may carry a small statistically significant long-term survival benefit," King said. (medscape.com)

Prognosis factor analysis in 487 patients. (scielo.br)
[1] Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has a fairly onerous prognosis, with an overall 5-year survival rate ranging from 40% to 58% due to late diagnosis, metastatic behavior and recurrence potential, thus encouraging further research on factors that might modify the disease outcome. (jomfp.in)

Initial rhythm and survival in refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. (resuscitationjournal.com)

ABSTRACT The 5-year survival rate of female breast cancer cases in Jordan and some of the factors that affected survival were measured. (who.int)

A multi-variable Cox Hazard Regression analysis showed that significant prognostic factors associated with decreased survival in mesothelioma cases are sex (male) and work experience in utility-related industry, while factor associated with increased survival are epithelial or epithelioid histological type, prior history of surgery and immunotherapy, and industry experience in accommodation and food services. (cdc.gov)

1. The past 20 years have witnessed improvements in child survival due to effective public health interventions and better economic and social performance worldwide. (who.int)
New and serious commitments are necessary to prioritize and accelerate child survival efforts and allocate resources within countries. (who.int)
Child survival, which refers to survival of children aged 0-5 years, is a major public health concern in most countries in Africa. (who.int)

With the SEER 18 registries, Risk Estimate Distance Survival Neural Network (RED_SNN) was applied for modeling. (cns.org)
The International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP) SURVMARK-2 is a global, multidisciplinary partnership of clinicians, academics, and policy makers seeking to understand how and why cancer survival differs across countries that have high-quality cancer registries and universal access to, and comparable expenditure on, health care. (who.int)
In some places we do not know the survival rate because there are no cancer registries. (cdc.gov)

Multivariate analysis of pretransplant variables revealed donor age less than 1 year, use of a technical variant allograft and INR at time of rLT as independent predictive factors for survival after rLT. (emmes.com)

Parametric survival models have not previously been applied to survival following a diagnosis of HIV/ AIDS in Australia. (who.int)
Topics include non-parametric survival analysis methods, common survival functions, parametric survival models, the proportional hazards model, and common model checking methods. (upenn.edu)

Prognostic model for survival in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: results from the international kidney cancer working group. (emmes.com)
To develop a single validated model for survival in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) using a comprehensive international database. (emmes.com)
CHAARTED demonstrated that upfront chemo-therapy with docetaxel added to ADT improved survival over ADT alone in men with hormone- sensitive metastatic prostate cancer. (onclive.com)

3) We can find which treatment has the highest survival probability. (kdnuggets.com)
According to estimated survival probability (by 62 months), we divided the test group into five subgroups. (cns.org)
[1] Typically, multiple groups are compared, for example, a group may have treatment A, and another group may have treatment B. The survival function is the probability of surviving (or not experiencing an event) up to a specified time point, whereas hazard rate is the rate of occurrence for the event within a given period. (statpearls.com)

Case-control analysis showed significant allelic association of rs35705950 with FIP (p=4.3x10 −10 ), IPF (p=1.3x10 −10 ) and iNSIP (p=0.001). (ersjournals.com)

Univariate analyses were conducted using proportional hazards models. (emmes.com)

Non-linear survival analysis using neural networks. (ox.ac.uk)

In this study, we investigated posttransplantational survival analysis of patients who underwent renal transplantation in Kyrgyzstan and other Eurasian, predominantly neighboring countries. (hvt-journal.com)
Besides the general analysis of survival after renal transplantation, analysis by transplantation years and differences among countries was also included in our study. (hvt-journal.com)
Factors affecting remission, relapse, renal function and overall survival were identified. (bmj.com)
The rate of renal survival in WG varied from 23% at 15 months to 23% at 120 months. (bmj.com)
Ignoring the variations in definitions of the stage of disease, factors influencing remission, relapse, renal and overall survival included immunosuppressive therapy used, type of organ involvement, presence of ANCA, older age and male gender. (bmj.com)
Factors influencing remission, relapse, renal and overall survival include the type of immunosuppressive therapy used, pattern of organ involvement, presence of ANCA, older age and male gender. (bmj.com)

The survival analysis is then used for making inferences about the effects of treatments, prognostic factors, exposures, and other covariates on the function. (bvsalud.org)

CONCLUSIONS: Overall, incidence and survival of cancer vary significantly by sex, with males generally having lower incidence and survival compared with females. (duke.edu)
However, Cox proportional regression showed that tumour stage was the only factor that significantly influenced survival analysis after controlling for other factors. (who.int)

An Introduction to Survival Analysis Using Stata, 2nd edition. (ki.se)

Survival analysis is a set of statistical approaches used to find out the time it takes for an event of interest to occur. (kdnuggets.com)
Survival analysis is used to study the time until some event of interest (often referred to as death ) occurs. (kdnuggets.com)
4) We can find whether a person's sex has a significant effect on their survival time? (kdnuggets.com)
Cancer studies for patients survival time analyses. (kdnuggets.com)
Now our goal here will be to find out if there is a significant difference between the survival time for those 2 different groups based on the treatment they were given. (kdnuggets.com)
Survival time and event. (kdnuggets.com)
Survival Time: referred to an amount of time until when a subject is alive or actively participates in a survey. (kdnuggets.com)
Treatment-free survival was the time interval between diagnosis and treatment of recurrent/persistent cancer or to the time of analysis. (thyroid.org)
Disease-specific survival was defined as the time interval from diagnosis to death from thyroid cancer or time of analysis. (thyroid.org)
but for that actually i need only the copy numbers and survival time of patients. (biostars.org)
If patients with MVI can receive timely and effective treatment, it will help reduce the recurrence rate, and prolong the survival time. (esmo.org)
The use of sorafenib after hepatectomy in HCC patients with MVI can prolong survival time. (esmo.org)
I'm from psychology, and my discipline does not tend to conduct survival analysis) At the moment, I am having difficulty calculating time dependent variables in cox regressions. (talkstats.com)
Survival analysis, also called event history analysis in social science, or reliability analysis in engineering, deals with time until occurrence of an event of interest. (microsoft.com)
Visualize survival over time. (treeage.com)
Survival analysis is widely used in evidence-based medicine to examine the time-to-event series. (statpearls.com)
[1] Often used for survival/death events, time-to-event series can illustrate time to any dichotomous event. (statpearls.com)
[3] To determine survival time, one must know the time of the original event at origin and the time of the final event. (statpearls.com)
[5] Survival analysis examines the time before an individual or group experiences the event or outcome of interest or until censored. (statpearls.com)
Life tables (also known as actuarial life tables) differ from other methods of survival analysis in that the observation outputs categorize into distinct time events. (statpearls.com)
[10] The KM plots a survival curve, which often reports median survival time(s), a reliable estimate if the majority of the observations are uncensored. (statpearls.com)
In this paper we describe seven different neural network survival models and illustrate their use by comparing their performance in predicting the time to relapse for breast cancer patients. (ox.ac.uk)
The SURVMARK-2 study showed marked improvements in cancer survival over time and across countries. (who.int)
FIP survival analysis showed longer survival time for MUC5B minor allele carriers. (ersjournals.com)
This study aims to examine work histories of mesothelioma patients and their survival time. (cdc.gov)
A class of statistical procedures for estimating the survival function (function of time, starting with a population 100% well at a given time and providing the percentage of the population still well at later times). (bvsalud.org)

As mentioned above, survival analysis focuses on the occurrence of an event of interest (e.g., birth, death, retirement). (kdnuggets.com)

Treatment-free survival, which is living without the need for treatment for recurrent cancer, is an important outcome for patients. (thyroid.org)
Survival analysis is used with a binary or dichotomous outcome of interest. (statpearls.com)
Liver retransplantation in children: a SPLIT database analysis of outcome and predictive factors for survival. (emmes.com)

IMSEAR at SEARO: Survival analysis: Cox proportional hazards model. (who.int)

This course introduces statistical methods for survival analysis with emphasis on the application of such methods to the analysis of epidemiological cohort studies. (ki.se)
Statistical Methods in Cancer Research: The Design and Analysis of Cohort Studies. (ki.se)

Descriptive and survival analyses were conducted. (cdc.gov)

As well as providing significant extra information beyond that of a standard survival analysis, ignoring the presence of cures in an analysis can lead to biased and misleading conclusions, sometimes with profound consequences for diagnostic prognostications and evaluations. (r-bloggers.com)

Stage, laterality and grade had a significant effect on survival rate. (who.int)
The survival analysis was compared according to countries and revealed significant results (Breslow p˂0.05). (hvt-journal.com)
Its incidence is rising worldwide without significant improvement in survival in spite of improving therapies. (intechopen.com)
The analysis showed no significant difference in stroke rate between the strategies or in rates of myocardial infarction, angina, or repeat revascularization. (medscape.com)

Run the same analyses you already use for decision trees and Markov models - Cost-Effectiveness Analysis, Tornado Diagrams, Probabilistic Sensitivity Analysis and more. (treeage.com)

It is then of interest to predict survival based on the history of these longitudinal measurements, and to update predictions as more observations become available. (uib-csic.es)
We sought to develop and validate deep survival neural network ML algorithms to predict survival following diagnosis of chondrosarcoma, using a SEER database. (cns.org)

Glioblastomas (GBMs) are fatal WHO grade IV astrocytomas with a median survival of 14.6 months. (edu.au)
Treatment of high-risk patients is a major challenge in multiple myeloma (MM). Median survival rates of these patients remain poor at about 2 years and there were no major improvements with the introduction of immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) and proteasome inhibitors (PIs). (springermedizin.at)

Banerjee M, Reyes-Gastelum D and Haymart MR 2018 Treatment-free survival in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. (thyroid.org)

3) Are there differences in survival between groups of patients? (kdnuggets.com)
Sex Differences in Cancer Incidence and Survival: A Pan-Cancer Analysis. (duke.edu)
IMPACT: This study represents the most recent and comprehensive reporting of sex differences in cancer incidence and survival in the United States. (duke.edu)
In-depth studies also highlighted differences in survival by histological subtypes. (who.int)

Squamous cell carcinoma presented 22.8% survival after five years against 20.2% for adenocarcinoma. (scielo.br)
Mean survival for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is 13.95±SD 11.2 months and for esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA) is 13.22±SD 10.23 months 4 4. (scielo.br)

Further correlation analyses between YIF1B expression and mutation indicators such as tumor mutation burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), and mismatch repair (MMR) were also examined by the Spearman test. (silverchair.com)

critically evaluate the methodological aspects (design and analysis) of a scientific article reporting a cohort study. (ki.se)
The goal of this study was to understand factors associated with treatmentfree survival in the general population, because this will enable the care teams to tailor long term follow up to a particular situation, and, many times, help decrease patient worry. (thyroid.org)
Hi I am doing a study to know the effect of copy number gain in survival of cancer patients. (biostars.org)
The results of this study demonstrate a strong relationship between CIM and survival duration. (gatech.edu)
Dear all, I am co-author on a manuscript on a study which follows a group of patients from a certain diagnosis and studies risk factors for survival. (talkstats.com)
When a woman in this study population experienced a maternal death, her infant was much more likely to die than to survive--and the survival trajectory of these children is far worse than those of mothers who do not die postpartum. (escholarship.org)
For example, 5-year survival of rectal cancer increased by more than 13 percentage points during the 20-year study period in Denmark, Ireland and the U.K. Most of the international variations in survival were due to stage and age at diagnosis. (who.int)
In this study, survival analysis techniques were used to compare fatigue failure responses of elderly motion segments to a middle-aged sample. (cdc.gov)

Here, we report that peripheral administration of the hypothalamic neuropeptide orexin improves the survival of mice with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced endotoxin shock, a well-studied septic shock model. (elifesciences.org)
We found that peripherally administered orexin penetrates the blood-brain barrier under endotoxin shock, and that central administration of orexin also suppresses the cytokine production and improves the survival, indicating orexin's direct action in the central nervous system (CNS). (elifesciences.org)

Our findings suggest the potential for long-term survival in this setting and support the recommended use of atezolizumab in prior platinum-treated patients with mUC regardless of PD-L1 status,' the authors conclude. (facmedicine.com)

The lbiassurv package offers various length-bias corrections to survival curve estimation. (microsoft.com)
Survival curve nodes support survival and hazard functions. (treeage.com)
[9] This approach often utilizes a KM survival curve to represent the survival function. (statpearls.com)

permanently excluded from 1969 Numerical Analysis and Algol Programming, London Institute of Actuaries. (medicpdf.com)

Anatomy4

Organisms3

Diseases61

Chemicals and Drugs26

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment105

Psychiatry and Psychology3

Phenomena and Processes31

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena5

Humanities1

Information Science13

Named Groups4

Health Care62

Geographicals14

Hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation for the treatment of severe combined immunodeficiency. (1/24672)

Optimal thrombolytic strategies for acute myocardial infarction--bolus administration. (2/24672)

Emergent immunoregulatory properties of combined glucocorticoid and anti-glucocorticoid steroids in a model of tuberculosis. (3/24672)

Intensive weekly chemotherapy is not effective in advanced pancreatic cancer patients: a report from the Italian Group for the Study of Digestive Tract Cancer (GISCAD). (4/24672)

Early death during chemotherapy in patients with small-cell lung cancer: derivation of a prognostic index for toxic death and progression. (5/24672)

Peritoneal cytology in the surgical evaluation of gastric carcinoma. (6/24672)

Second-line treatment for primary central nervous system lymphoma. (7/24672)

Treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer with the long-acting somatostatin analogue lanreotide: in vitro and in vivo results. (8/24672)

Survival Analysis

Survival Rate

Cell Survival

Kaplan-Meier Estimate

Disease-Free Survival

Prognosis

Proportional Hazards Models

Survival

Retrospective Studies

Treatment Outcome

Follow-Up Studies

Time Factors

Neoplasm Staging

Graft Survival

Multivariate Analysis

Risk Factors

Cohort Studies

Tumor Markers, Biological

Prospective Studies

Immunohistochemistry

Breast Neoplasms

Predictive Value of Tests

Age Factors

Neoplasm Recurrence, Local

Registries

Life Tables

Disease Progression

Lung Neoplasms

Lymphatic Metastasis

Combined Modality Therapy

Adenocarcinoma

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols

Recurrence

Risk Assessment

Incidence

Tissue Array Analysis

Liver Neoplasms

Brain Neoplasms

Chemotherapy, Adjuvant

Prosthesis Failure

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell

Carcinoma

Neoplasm Grading

Colorectal Neoplasms

Neoplasm Metastasis

Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic

Regression Analysis

Apoptosis

Reoperation

Antineoplastic Agents

Stomach Neoplasms

Neoplasm Invasiveness

Longitudinal Studies

Ovarian Neoplasms

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung

Sex Factors

Models, Statistical

United States

SEER Program

Biostatistics

Neoplasms

Longevity

Cause of Death

Cell Line, Tumor

Analysis of Variance

Chi-Square Distribution

Probability

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular

Ki-67 Antigen

Glioblastoma

Radiotherapy, Adjuvant

Age of Onset

Kidney Failure, Chronic

Gene Expression Profiling

Risk

Melanoma

Severity of Illness Index

Actuarial Analysis

Cannibalism

Signal Transduction