Surface Properties
Wettability
Bacterial Adhesion
Surface Tension
Titanium
Adsorption
Polystyrenes
Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions
Biocompatible Materials
Countercurrent Distribution
Materials Testing
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Microscopy in which the object is examined directly by an electron beam scanning the specimen point-by-point. The image is constructed by detecting the products of specimen interactions that are projected above the plane of the sample, such as backscattered electrons. Although SCANNING TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY also scans the specimen point by point with the electron beam, the image is constructed by detecting the electrons, or their interaction products that are transmitted through the sample plane, so that is a form of TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY.
Pulmonary Surfactants
Octanes
Nanostructures
Hardness
Acidic Glycosphingolipids
A subclass of GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS containing large polar heads made up of several sugar units. One or more of their terminal sugar units are bound to a negatively charged molecule at pH 7. Members of this class include: GANGLIOSIDES, uronoglycosphingolipids, SULFOGLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS, phosphoglycosphingolipids, and phosphonoglycosphingolipids.
Electron Probe Microanalysis
Identification and measurement of ELEMENTS and their location based on the fact that X-RAYS emitted by an element excited by an electron beam have a wavelength characteristic of that element and an intensity related to its concentration. It is performed with an electron microscope fitted with an x-ray spectrometer, in scanning or transmission mode.
Cell Membrane
Plasma Gases
Ionized gases, consisting of free electrons and ionized atoms or molecules which collectively behave differently than gas, solid, or liquid. Plasma gases are used in biomedical fields in surface modification; biological decontamination; dentistry (e.g., PLASMA ARC DENTAL CURING LIGHTS); and in other treatments (e.g., ARGON PLASMA COAGULATION).
Microscopy, Atomic Force
A type of scanning probe microscopy in which a probe systematically rides across the surface of a sample being scanned in a raster pattern. The vertical position is recorded as a spring attached to the probe rises and falls in response to peaks and valleys on the surface. These deflections produce a topographic map of the sample.
Aluminum Oxide
Pseudomonas alcaligenes
Fatty Alcohols
Usually high-molecular-weight, straight-chain primary alcohols, but can also range from as few as 4 carbons, derived from natural fats and oils, including lauryl, stearyl, oleyl, and linoleyl alcohols. They are used in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, detergents, plastics, and lube oils and in textile manufacture. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)
Nitrosomethylurethane
Nanoparticles
Methylmannosides
Glass
Receptors, Concanavalin A
Water
Congo Red
Polymers
Dental Casting Technique
Color
Poloxamer
A nonionic polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block co-polymer with the general formula HO(C2H4O)a(-C3H6O)b(C2H4O)aH. It is available in different grades which vary from liquids to solids. It is used as an emulsifying agent, solubilizing agent, surfactant, and wetting agent for antibiotics. Poloxamer is also used in ointment and suppository bases and as a tablet binder or coater. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed)
Electrophoresis
Solubility
Dimethylpolysiloxanes
Silicone polymers which consist of silicon atoms substituted with methyl groups and linked by oxygen atoms. They comprise a series of biocompatible materials used as liquids, gels or solids; as film for artificial membranes, gels for implants, and liquids for drug vehicles; and as antifoaming agents.
1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine
Polyethylene Glycols
Polymers of ETHYLENE OXIDE and water, and their ethers. They vary in consistency from liquid to solid depending on the molecular weight indicated by a number following the name. They are used as SURFACTANTS, dispersing agents, solvents, ointment and suppository bases, vehicles, and tablet excipients. Some specific groups are NONOXYNOLS, OCTOXYNOLS, and POLOXAMERS.
Prostheses and Implants
Artificial substitutes for body parts, and materials inserted into tissue for functional, cosmetic, or therapeutic purposes. Prostheses can be functional, as in the case of artificial arms and legs, or cosmetic, as in the case of an artificial eye. Implants, all surgically inserted or grafted into the body, tend to be used therapeutically. IMPLANTS, EXPERIMENTAL is available for those used experimentally.
Surface-Active Agents
Alkanes
Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission
The spectrometric analysis of fluorescent X-RAYS, i.e. X-rays emitted after bombarding matter with high energy particles such as PROTONS; ELECTRONS; or higher energy X-rays. Identification of ELEMENTS by this technique is based on the specific type of X-rays that are emitted which are characteristic of the specific elements in the material being analyzed. The characteristic X-rays are distinguished and/or quantified by either wavelength dispersive or energy dispersive methods.
Biofilms
Encrustations, formed from microbes (bacteria, algae, fungi, plankton, or protozoa) embedding in extracellular polymers, that adhere to surfaces such as teeth (DENTAL DEPOSITS); PROSTHESES AND IMPLANTS; and catheters. Biofilms are prevented from forming by treating surfaces with DENTIFRICES; DISINFECTANTS; ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS; and antifouling agents.
Phosphatidylglycerols
Physicochemical Phenomena
Dental Etching
Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
Coated Materials, Biocompatible
Membranes, Artificial
Powders
Chemistry, Physical
Excipients
Dental Materials
Cell Wall
Microscopy, Electron
Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.
Silicon Dioxide
Biomimetic Materials
Dextrans
Phagocytosis
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Temperature
Culture Media
Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.
Microspheres
Nanotechnology
Fimbriae, Bacterial
Thin, hairlike appendages, 1 to 20 microns in length and often occurring in large numbers, present on the cells of gram-negative bacteria, particularly Enterobacteriaceae and Neisseria. Unlike flagella, they do not possess motility, but being protein (pilin) in nature, they possess antigenic and hemagglutinating properties. They are of medical importance because some fimbriae mediate the attachment of bacteria to cells via adhesins (ADHESINS, BACTERIAL). Bacterial fimbriae refer to common pili, to be distinguished from the preferred use of "pili", which is confined to sex pili (PILI, SEX).
Metal Nanoparticles
Lectins
Proteins that share the common characteristic of binding to carbohydrates. Some ANTIBODIES and carbohydrate-metabolizing proteins (ENZYMES) also bind to carbohydrates, however they are not considered lectins. PLANT LECTINS are carbohydrate-binding proteins that have been primarily identified by their hemagglutinating activity (HEMAGGLUTININS). However, a variety of lectins occur in animal species where they serve diverse array of functions through specific carbohydrate recognition.
Electrochemistry
Gold
Concanavalin A
Antigens, Surface
Phosphatidylcholines
X-Ray Diffraction
The scattering of x-rays by matter, especially crystals, with accompanying variation in intensity due to interference effects. Analysis of the crystal structure of materials is performed by passing x-rays through them and registering the diffraction image of the rays (CRYSTALLOGRAPHY, X-RAY). (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Escherichia coli
A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.
Osteoblasts
Liposomes
Streptococcus mutans
Models, Molecular
Crystallization
Agglutination Tests
Carbon
Teichoic Acids
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Amino Acid Sequence
Calorimetry, Differential Scanning
Pressure
Viscosity
Drug Delivery Systems
Rabbits
Virulence
Phospholipids
Lipids containing one or more phosphate groups, particularly those derived from either glycerol (phosphoglycerides see GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPIDS) or sphingosine (SPHINGOLIPIDS). They are polar lipids that are of great importance for the structure and function of cell membranes and are the most abundant of membrane lipids, although not stored in large amounts in the system.
Cell Aggregation
Lactic Acid
Protein Conformation
The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).
Solutions
Solvents
Streptococcus
Mutation
Cattle
Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins
Cells, Cultured
Protein Binding
Membrane Proteins
Binding Sites
Lipopolysaccharides
Lipid-containing polysaccharides which are endotoxins and important group-specific antigens. They are often derived from the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria and induce immunoglobulin secretion. The lipopolysaccharide molecule consists of three parts: LIPID A, core polysaccharide, and O-specific chains (O ANTIGENS). When derived from Escherichia coli, lipopolysaccharides serve as polyclonal B-cell mitogens commonly used in laboratory immunology. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
Thermodynamics
A rigorously mathematical analysis of energy relationships (heat, work, temperature, and equilibrium). It describes systems whose states are determined by thermal parameters, such as temperature, in addition to mechanical and electromagnetic parameters. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed)
Photic Stimulation
Tissue Engineering
Protein Structure, Secondary
Macromolecular Substances
Microscopy, Fluorescence
Fluorescent Dyes
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Peptides
Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.
Erythrocytes
Molecular Structure
Proteins
Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein.
Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
Models, Chemical
Lipids
A generic term for fats and lipoids, the alcohol-ether-soluble constituents of protoplasm, which are insoluble in water. They comprise the fats, fatty oils, essential oils, waxes, phospholipids, glycolipids, sulfolipids, aminolipids, chromolipids (lipochromes), and fatty acids. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Neuronal activity in somatosensory cortex of monkeys using a precision grip. II. Responses To object texture and weights. (1/8297)
Three monkeys were trained to lift and hold a test object within a 12- to 25-mm position window for 1 s. The activity of single neurons was recorded during performance of the task in which both the weight and surface texture of the object were systematically varied. Whenever possible, each cell was tested with three weights (15, 65, and 115 g) and three textures (smooth metal, fine 200 grit sandpaper, and rough 60 grit sandpaper). Of 386 cells recorded in 3 monkeys, 45 cells had cutaneous receptive fields on the index or thumb or part of the thenar eminence and were held long enough to be tested in all 9 combinations of texture and weight. Recordings were made for the entire anterior-posterior extent of the thumb and index finger areas in somatosensory cortex including area 7b. However, the statistical analysis required a selection of only those cells for which nine complete recording conditions were available limiting the sample to cells in areas 2, 5, and 7b. Significant differences in the grip force accompanied 98% of the changes in texture and 78% of the changes in weight. Increasing the object weight also increased the force tangential to the skin surface as measured by the load or lifting force. The peak discharge during lifting was judged to be the most sensitive index of cell activity and was analyzed with a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). In addition, peak cell discharge was normalized to allow comparisons among different combinations of texture and weight as well as comparisons among different neurons. Overall, the peak firing frequency of 87% of the cells was significantly modulated by changes in object texture, but changes in object weight affected the peak activity of only 58% of the cells. Almost all (17/18, 94%) of the static cells were influenced by the object texture, and 81% of the dynamic cells that were active only briefly at grip and lift onset were modulated by texture. For some cells, surface texture had a significant effect on neuronal discharge that was independent of the object weight. In contrast, weight-related responses were never simple main effects of the weight alone and appeared instead as significant interactions between texture and weight. Four neurons either increased or decreased activity in a graded fashion with surface structure (roughness) regardless of the object weight (P < 0.05). Ten other neurons showed increases or decreases in response to one or two textures, which might represent either a graded response or a tuning preference for a specific texture. The firing frequency of the majority (31/45) of neurons reflected an interaction of both texture and weight. The cells with texture-related but weight-independent activities were thought to encode surface characteristics that are largely independent of the grip and lifting forces used to manipulate the object. Such constancies could be used to construct internal representations or mental models for planning and controlling object manipulation. (+info)The forward rate of binding of surface-tethered reactants: effect of relative motion between two surfaces. (2/8297)
The reaction of molecules confined to two dimensions is of interest in cell adhesion, specifically for the reaction between cell surface receptors and substrate-bound ligand. We have developed a model to describe the overall rate of reaction of species that are bound to surfaces under relative motion, such that the Peclet number is order one or greater. The encounter rate between reactive species is calculated from solution of the two-dimensional convection-diffusion equation. The probability that each encounter will lead to binding depends on the intrinsic rate of reaction and the encounter duration. The encounter duration is obtained from the theory of first passage times. We find that the binding rate increases with relative velocity between the two surfaces, then reaches a plateau. This plateau indicates that the increase in the encounter rate is counterbalanced by the decrease in the encounter duration as the relative velocity increases. The binding rate is fully described by two dimensionless parameters, the Peclet number and the Damkohler number. We use this model to explain data from the cell adhesion literature by incorporating these rate laws into "adhesive dynamics" simulations to model the binding of a cell to a surface under flow. Leukocytes are known to display a "shear threshold effect" when binding selectin-coated surfaces under shear flow, defined as an increase in bind rate with shear; this effect, as calculated here, is due to an increase in collisions between receptor and ligand with increasing shear. The model can be used to explain other published data on the effect of wall shear rate on the binding of cells to surfaces, specifically the mild decrease in binding within a fixed area with increasing shear rate. (+info)Kinetic and thermodynamic aspects of lipid translocation in biological membranes. (3/8297)
A theoretical analysis of the lipid translocation in cellular bilayer membranes is presented. We focus on an integrative model of active and passive transport processes determining the asymmetrical distribution of the major lipid components between the monolayers. The active translocation of the aminophospholipids phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine is mathematically described by kinetic equations resulting from a realistic ATP-dependent transport mechanism. Concerning the passive transport of the aminophospholipids as well as of phosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin, and cholesterol, two different approaches are used. The first treatment makes use of thermodynamic flux-force relationships. Relevant forces are transversal concentration differences of the lipids as well as differences in the mechanical states of the monolayers due to lateral compressions. Both forces, originating primarily from the operation of an aminophospholipid translocase, are expressed as functions of the lipid compositions of the two monolayers. In the case of mechanical forces, lipid-specific parameters such as different molecular surface areas and compression force constants are taken into account. Using invariance principles, it is shown how the phenomenological coefficients depend on the total lipid amounts. In a second approach, passive transport is analyzed in terms of kinetic mechanisms of carrier-mediated translocation, where mechanical effects are incorporated into the translocation rate constants. The thermodynamic as well as the kinetic approach are applied to simulate the time-dependent redistribution of the lipid components in human red blood cells. In the thermodynamic model the steady-state asymmetrical lipid distribution of erythrocyte membranes is simulated well under certain parameter restrictions: 1) the time scales of uncoupled passive transbilayer movement must be different among the lipid species; 2) positive cross-couplings of the passive lipid fluxes are needed, which, however, may be chosen lipid-unspecifically. A comparison of the thermodynamic and the kinetic approaches reveals that antiport mechanisms for passive lipid movements may be excluded. Simulations with kinetic symport mechanisms are in qualitative agreement with experimental data but show discrepancies in the asymmetrical distribution for sphingomyelin. (+info)Surface-induced polymerization of actin. (4/8297)
Living cells contain a very large amount of membrane surface area, which potentially influences the direction, the kinetics, and the localization of biochemical reactions. This paper quantitatively evaluates the possibility that a lipid monolayer can adsorb actin from a nonpolymerizing solution, induce its polymerization, and form a 2D network of individual actin filaments, in conditions that forbid bulk polymerization. G- and F-actin solutions were studied beneath saturated Langmuir monolayers containing phosphatidylcholine (PC, neutral) and stearylamine (SA, a positively charged surfactant) at PC:SA = 3:1 molar ratio. Ellipsometry, tensiometry, shear elastic measurements, electron microscopy, and dark-field light microscopy were used to characterize the adsorption kinetics and the interfacial polymerization of actin. In all cases studied, actin follows a monoexponential reaction-limited adsorption with similar time constants (approximately 10(3) s). At a longer time scale the shear elasticity of the monomeric actin adsorbate increases only in the presence of lipids, to a 2D shear elastic modulus of mu approximately 30 mN/m, indicating the formation of a structure coupled to the monolayer. Electron microscopy shows the formation of a 2D network of actin filaments at the PC:SA surface, and several arguments strongly suggest that this network is indeed causing the observed elasticity. Adsorption of F-actin to PC:SA leads more quickly to a slightly more rigid interface with a modulus of mu approximately 50 mN/m. (+info)Adhesion energy of receptor-mediated interaction measured by elastic deformation. (5/8297)
We investigated the role of receptor binding affinity in surface adhesion. A sensitive technique was developed to measure the surface energy of receptor-mediated adhesion. The experimental system involved a functionalized elastic agarose bead resting on a functionalized glass coverslip. Attractive intersurface forces pulled the two surfaces together, deforming the bead to produce an enlarged contact area. The Johnson-Kendall-Roberts (JKR) model was used to relate the surface energy of the interaction to the elasticity of the bead and the area of contact. The surface energies for different combinations of modified surfaces in solution were obtained from reflection interference contrast microscopy (RICM) measurements of the contact area formed by the bead and the coverslip. Studies with surfaces functionalized with ligand-receptor pairs showed that the relationship between surface energy and the association constant of the ligand binding has two regimes. At low binding affinity, surface energy increased linearly with the association constant, while surface energy increased logarithmically with the association constant in the high affinity regime. (+info)Bacteriophage inactivation at the air-water-solid interface in dynamic batch systems. (6/8297)
Bacteriophages have been widely used as surrogates for human enteric viruses in many studies on virus transport and fate. In this investigation, the fates of three bacteriophages, MS2, R17, and phiX174, were studied in a series of dynamic batch experiments. Both MS2 and R17 readily underwent inactivation in batch experiments where solutions of each phage were percolated through tubes packed with varying ratios of glass and Teflon beads. MS2 and R17 inactivation was the result of exposure to destructive forces at the dynamic air-water-solid interface. phiX174, however, did not undergo inactivation in similar studies, suggesting that this phage does not accumulate at air-water interfaces or is not affected by interfacial forces in the same manner. Other batch experiments showed that MS2 and R17 were increasingly inactivated during mixing in polypropylene tubes as the ionic strength of the solution was raised (phiX174 was not affected). By the addition of Tween 80 to suspensions of MS2 and R17, phage inactivation was prevented. Our data suggest that viral inactivation in simple dynamic batch experiments is dependent upon (i) the presence of a dynamic air-water-solid interface (where the solid is a hydrophobic surface), (ii) the ionic strength of the solution, (iii) the concentration of surface active compounds in the solution, and (iv) the type of virus used. (+info)Native display of complete foreign protein domains on the surface of hepatitis B virus capsids. (7/8297)
The nucleocapsid of hepatitis B virus (HBV), or HBcAg, is a highly symmetric structure formed by multiple dimers of a single core protein that contains potent T helper epitopes in its 183-aa sequence. Both factors make HBcAg an unusually strong immunogen and an attractive candidate as a carrier for foreign epitopes. The immunodominant c/e1 epitope on the capsid has been suggested as a superior location to convey high immunogenicity to a heterologous sequence. Because of its central position, however, any c/e1 insert disrupts the core protein's primary sequence; hence, only peptides, or rather small protein fragments seemed to be compatible with particle formation. According to recent structural data, the epitope is located at the tips of prominent surface spikes formed by the very stable dimer interfaces. We therefore reasoned that much larger inserts might be tolerated, provided the individual parts of a corresponding fusion protein could fold independently. Using the green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a model insert, we show that the chimeric protein efficiently forms fluorescent particles; hence, all of its structurally important parts must be properly folded. We also demonstrate that the GFP domains are surface-exposed and that the chimeric particles elicit a potent humoral response against native GFP. Hence, proteins of at least up to 238 aa can be natively displayed on the surface of HBV core particles. Such chimeras may not only be useful as vaccines but may also open the way for high resolution structural analyses of nonassembling proteins by electron microscopy. (+info)Affinity modulation of small-molecule ligands by borrowing endogenous protein surfaces. (8/8297)
A general strategy is described for improving the binding properties of small-molecule ligands to protein targets. A bifunctional molecule is created by chemically linking a ligand of interest to another small molecule that binds tightly to a second protein. When the ligand of interest is presented to the target protein by the second protein, additional protein-protein interactions outside of the ligand-binding sites serve either to increase or decrease the affinity of the binding event. We have applied this approach to an intractable target, the SH2 domain, and demonstrate a 3-fold enhancement over the natural peptide. This approach provides a way to modulate the potency and specificity of biologically active compounds. (+info)
Surface Engineering of Polymeric Biomaterials - Adhesives
Surface Engineering of Polymeric Biomaterials - Polyamide
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UCD Surface Engineering Research Group
Surface Engineering of Heat-Resistant Alloys | Surface Engineering | Failure Analysis | ASM International
Publications - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC)
Effects of Hydrophobic and Electrostatic Cell Surface Properties of Bacteria on Feeding Rates of Heterotrophic Nanoflagellates ...
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Cell-cycle-dependent Changes of the Negative Surface Charges in L929 Cells<...
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Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics
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Surface Patterning of Nanoparticles with Polymer Patches | MRSEC
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Circuits Assembly Online Magazine - The Interaction of 2 Solder Paste Alloys with 5 Surface Finishes
636-0939/01 - Properties and Surface Treatment of Materials (VaÚPM)
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Pickling & Passivation Products Manufacturer,Supplier
Passivation Cleaner Manufacturer,Supplier
636-0415/01 - Surface Properties and Treatment (VaÚP)
Persulfated flavonoids accelerated re-endothelialization and improved blood compatibility for vascular medical implants - PubAg
CNALH - Dermatocarpon reticulatum
Materials and Surface Engineering -
Publications
- DTU Orbit
An overview of biofunctionalization of metals in Japan | Journal of The Royal Society Interface
Surface engineering - University of Gothenburg, Sweden
Unraveling Surface Properties of Cytochrome [email protected] Nanoparticle Bionanoprobes
Characterization of combinatorially designed polyarylates by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry<...
TOF-SIMS: Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry - E2S: Energy and Environment Solutions - University of Pau and Pays...
Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (TOF SIMS)
Toxics | Free Full-Text | Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS): A New Tool for the Analysis of...
Surface composition age analysis of photo-oxidized polystyrene thin films by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
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Spatial Distributions of Lipids in Atherosclerosis of Human Coronary Arteries Studied by Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass...
Static Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) | Materials Science | NREL
Protein Adsorption on Grafted Zwitterionic Polymers Depends on Chain Density and Molecular Weight<...
Two Postdoctoral Research Positions in Nanoparticle Surface Engineering, Protein Conjugation, Cell Targeting, and Controlled...
STORRE: Characterising the morphological properties and surface composition of radium contaminated particles: a means of...
Relating Surface Viscosity to Monolayer Packing In Model Phospholipid Films Using Active Microrheology | AIChE
DSpace ISS: Gramicidin A aggregation in phospholipid Langmuir-Blodget monolayers: an atomic force microscopy study
BV-2 microglial cells sense micro-nanotextured silicon surface topology<...
X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Market To Witness Enhanced Demand In Medical Research, Minimal Medication Error And...
Atomic Force Microscopy studies of proteins immobilized on silica by thiol-disulfide exchange
Surface oxide and roughness on test samples for the Ultra High Vacuum section of the European XFEL
Fluid flow around model femoral components of differing surface finishes: in vitro investigations. - Nuffield Department of...
Nanometer Surface Roughness Effect on the Magnetic Properties of ...: Ingenta Connect
Construction of hydrophilic surfaces with poly(vinyl ether)s and their interfacial properties in water<...
Wood and Fiber-Based Composites: Surface Properties and Adhesion<...
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies of thin GexSb40-xS6o films - ePrints Soton
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4.3 Water contact angles
CiNii 論文 -
Surface Free Energy of Alloy Nitride Coatings Deposited Using Closed Field...
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PRODUCING METAL CLUSTERS; FUNCTIONALIZED SURFACES; AND DROPLETS INCLUDING SOLVATED METAL IONS - Energy...
Surface and optical properties of Langmuir and LB films of a crown-ether C<sub>60</sub>...
Calculation of surface free energy (SFE) from contact angle results USA KINO Industry Co., Ltd.
Adelaide Research & Scholarship: ToF-SIMS multivariate analysis of surface-grafted small bioactive molecules
EGIT] [core/efl] master 02/07: docs: evas: description for various surface classes
Buckling of nanotubes under compression considering surface effects
Chemical and Spatial Differentiation of Syringyl and Guaiacyl Lignins in Poplar Wood via Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass...
Separating the impact of individual land surface properties on the terrestrial surface energy budget in both the coupled and un...
Influence of surface topography on biofilm development: Experiment and modeling - Université de Limoges
Molecular Control of Self-Assembled Monolayer Films of Imidazole-2-thiones: Adsorption and Reactivity<...
Surface characteristics and wetting properties of sol-gel coated base paper<...
publish.UP Search
publish.UP Search
In vitro and in vivo biofilm formation by pathogenic streptococci
Improvement of osseointegration: Guiding cells with external factors including a novel surface microstructure and recognizing...
Patent US5910471 - Abrasive article for providing a clear surface finish on glass - Google Patents
Analysis of long- and short-range contribution to adhesion work in cardiac fibroblasts: An atomic force microscopy study |...
Alumina Ceramic Metal Bonding Metallization Tube With Surface Finish Ra0.4 Sim Ra0.8 Mum - aluminumoxideceramic
中国科学院上海应用物理研究所机构知识库(CAS OpenIR): Fine structure of DNA bundles: Atomic force microscopy study
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Stadler, DE - Patent applications
ERYTHROCYTE AND GRANULOCYTE INTERACTIONS WITH ENDOTHELIALIZED POLYMER SURFACES.<...
Boron nitride nanosheet
Better surface adsorption. Atomically thin boron nitride has been found to have better surface adsorption capabilities than ... Mechanical properties. Monolayer boron nitride has an average Young's modulus of 0.865 TPa and fracture strength of 70.5 GPa. ... Dielectric properties. Atomically thin hexagonal boron nitride is an excellent dielectric substrate for graphene, molybdenum ... It is similar in geometry to its all-carbon analog graphene, but has very different chemical and electronic properties - ...
Boron nitride
2007). "Surface X-Ray Diffraction Study of Boron-Nitride Nanomesh in Air". Surface Science. 601 (2): L7-L10. Bibcode:2007SurSc. ... The lubricating properties of fine-grained h-BN are used in cosmetics, paints, dental cements, and pencil leads. Hexagonal BN ... Better surface adsorption. Atomically thin boron nitride has been found to have better surface adsorption capabilities than ... It can have a density as low as 0.6 mg/cm3 and a specific surface area as high as 1050 m2/g, and therefore has potential ...
Food powder
The bulk powder properties are the combined effect of particle properties by the conversion of food products in solid state ... The amount and rate of water adsorption depends on the bulk and particles' surface composition, total particle surface area ( ... The properties of food powders including their functionality and their stability are highly dependent on these structures. Many ... In fact, it is very affordable and has been reported to retain most of the nutritional properties of food if dry using ...
Soil erosion
Surface creep is the slow movement of soil and rock debris by gravity which is usually not perceptible except through extended ... ISBN 978-0-8247-8984-8. Styczen, M.E. & Morgan, R.P.C. (1995). "Engineering properties of vegetation". In Morgan, R.P.C. & ... Rainfall, and the surface runoff which may result from rainfall, produces four main types of soil erosion: splash erosion, ... Mass movement is the downward and outward movement of rock and sediments on a sloped surface, mainly due to the force of ...
Walter Houser Brattain
Brattain spoke on Surface Properties of Semiconductors, Bardeen on Semiconductor Research Leading to the Point Contact ... He continued to study the surface properties of solids and the "transistor effect", so as to better understand the various ... Walter Houser Brattain on Nobelprize.org including the Nobel Lecture, December 11, 1956 Surface Properties of Semiconductors. ... doi:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1956.tb03829.x. Brattain, Walter H. (December 11, 1956). "Surface Properties of Semiconductors". ...
Point of zero charge
Marek Kosmulski, "Chemical Properties of Material Surfaces", Marcel Dekker Inc., 2001. Jean-Pierre Jolivet, "Metal Oxide ... For example, the surface charge of adsorbent is described by the ion that lies on the surface of the particle (adsorbent) ... Kosmulski, Marek (2001). "Chemical Properties of Material Surfaces". Surfactant Science. 20011074. doi:10.1201/9780585418049. ... at the surface. This is often the case for pure ("pristine surface") oxides in water. In the presence of specific adsorption, ...
Xie Xide
"Electronic properties of metals chemisorbed on semiconductor surface and metal/semiconductor interfaces". Progress in Surface ... Zi, Jian; Zhang, Kaiming; Xie, Xide (1997). "Vibrational properties of SiGe superlattices". Progress in Surface Science. ... "Overview of Metal/Semiconductor Interfaces," The Structure of Surfaces. Springer Series in Surface Sciences 24. Berlin: ... Her research work was concentrated in solid state physics, semiconductor physics, and surface physics. Xie Xide was appointed ...
Radar astronomy
... surface mapping, esp. of polar regions. Venus - first radar detection in 1961. Rotation period, gross surface properties. The ... Radar images provide information about the shapes and surface properties of solid bodies, which cannot be obtained by other ... Measurements included surface roughness and later mapping of shadowed regions near the poles. The next easiest target is Venus ... Mars - Mapping of surface roughness from Arecibo Observatory. The Mars Express mission carries a ground-penetrating radar. ...
Tharsis Montes
They were among the few surface features visible as the spacecraft entered orbit during a global dust storm. Appearing as faint ... Plescia, J.B. (2004). Morphometric Properties of Martian Volcanoes. J. Geophys. Res. 109(E03003), Table 1. Carr, M.H. (2006). ... ISBN 978-0-511-27041-3.[permanent dead link] Carr, M.H. (2006). The Surface of Mars; Cambridge University Press: New York, p. ... Carr, Michael (2006). The Surface of Mars. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. p. 63. ...
Timothy Leighton
Surface Topography: Metrology and Properties. 4 (3): 034003. doi:10.1088/2051-672X/4/3/034003.CS1 maint: multiple names: ... Surface Topography: Metrology and Properties. 4 (3): 034009. Bibcode:2016SuTMP...4c4009S. doi:10.1088/2051-672x/4/3/034009. ... In the late 1980s, Leighton discovered a new ultrasonic signal that he identified as due to surface waves on the walls of gas ... measurement of the liquid convection and shear from these surface waves; theory on how sound causes the bubbles to generate ...
Pavonis Mons
Zimbleman, J.R. (1985). "Surface Properties of Ascraeus Mons: Dust Deposits on a Tharsis Volcano" (PDF). Lunar and Planetary ... Bell, Jim (2008-06-05). The Martian Surface: Composition, Mineralogy and Physical Properties. ISBN 978-0-521-86698-9. Sleep, ... see Martian surface). The dust forms a mantle over the surface that obscures or mutes much of the fine-scale topography and ... The bulk of the volcano's surface consists of lava flows of the early Amazonian age. The northern flanks of the volcano are ...
List of tallest mountains in the Solar System
"Surface". MESSENGER web site. Johns Hopkins University/Applied Physics Lab. Archived from the original on 30 September 2016. ... "Morphometric properties of Martian volcanoes". Journal of Geophysical Research. 109 (E3): E03003. Bibcode:2004JGRE..109.3003P. ... On other worlds, peak elevations above an equipotential surface or a reference ellipsoid could be used if enough data is ... Lewis, K. W.; Peters, S.; Gonter, K.; Morrison, S.; Schmerr, N.; Vasavada, A. R.; Gabriel, T. (2019). "A surface gravity ...
Planar transmission line
Microstrip consists of a strip conductor on the top surface of a dielectric layer and a ground plane on the bottom surface of ... Thermal properties can be important. Thermal expansion changes the electrical properties of lines and can break plated through ... An important property of the TEM mode is that it can be used at low frequencies, all the way down to zero (i.e. DC). Another ... The electrical properties of the substrate of most interest are the relative permittivity (εr) and the loss tangent (δ). The ...
Tharsis Tholus
Most of the volcano's surface is mantled with a thick layer of fine dust or ash, giving the volcano's flanks a smooth to ... Plescia, J. B. (2004). "Morphometric properties of Martian volcanoes". Journal of Geophysical Research. 109 (E03003): Table 1. ... Carr, M.H. (2006). The Surface of Mars; Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK, p. 57. ...
Filter paper
By surface filtration the particles are caught on the paper surface. Filter paper is mostly used because even a small piece of ... The filter papers may also be treated with reagents or impregnation to get the right properties. The main application for air ... There are two mechanisms of filtration with paper; volume, and surface. By volume filtration the particles are caught in the ... Normally particularly long fibrous pulp that is mercerised is used to get these properties. The paper is normally impregnated ...
St Alphage House
Richard Heap (30 January 2009). "City to 'strip out' St Alphage House". Property Week. Retrieved 2010-11-24. "St Alphage House ... Replacement Surfaces". skyscrapernews.com. 05-11-2010. Check date values in: ,date= (help) https://www.barbicanassociation.co. ...
Albertite
"Localized aliphatic organic material on the surface of Ceres". Science. 355 (6326): 719-722. doi:10.1126/science.aaj2305. ISSN ... their physical properties. ...
Glossary of engineering
A distinctive property of the liquid state is surface tension, leading to wetting phenomena. Water is, by far, the most common ... If both surfaces have the same radius of curvature, the lens is equiconvex. A lens with two concave surfaces is biconcave (or ... If both surfaces have the same radius of curvature, the lens is equiconvex. A lens with two concave surfaces is biconcave (or ... 41-1. "Bulk Elastic Properties". hyperphysics. Georgia State University. "Capillary Action - Liquid, Water, Force, and Surface ...
Cobalt
ISBN 978-3-527-30666-4. Murthy, V. S. R (2003). "Magnetic Properties of Materials". Structure And Properties Of Engineering ... ISBN 978-0-470-05536-6. Lee, B.; Alsenz, R.; Ignatiev, A.; Van Hove, M.; Van Hove, M. A. (1978). "Surface structures of the two ... "Properties and Facts for Cobalt". American Elements. Archived from the original on 2008-10-02. Retrieved 2008-09-19. Cobalt, ... ISBN 0-313-33438-2. Petitto, Sarah C.; Marsh, Erin M.; Carson, Gregory A.; Langell, Marjorie A. (2008). "Cobalt oxide surface ...
Trifluoroiodomethane
Physical properties Data sheet (in Japanese) Material Safety Data Sheet CF3I (in English) CF3I can be used as fire ... dead link 1 April 2019) Duan Y. Y.; Shi L.; Zhu M. S.; Han L. Z. (January 1999). "Surface tension of trifluoroiodomethane (CF3I ... Duan Y. Y.; Shi L.; Sun L. Q.; Zhu M. S.; Han L. Z. (March 2000). "Thermodynamic Properties of Trifluoroiodomethane (CF3I)". ...
Chemical ecology
Müller, Caroline; Riederer, Markus (2005). "Plant Surface Properties in Chemical Ecology". Journal of Chemical Ecology. 31 (11 ... Chemical ecology in plants is the study that integrates the chemistry and biological properties of the plants and their ... they must be able to penetrate the layer of wax that forms a hydrophobic barrier on the plant's surface. Many plant-pathogenic ...
Prosthecobacter
However, surface loops and microtubules are extremely similar. "Genus Prosthecobacter". LPSN. Retrieved 13 May 2018. Nogales E ... These genes are called bacterial tubulin a (BtubA) and bacterial tubulin b (BtubB). The properties are not exactly same. ...
Impact structure
"Surface Properties, Regolith, and Landscape Degradation". In Pappalardo, Robert T. (ed.). Europa. The University of Arizona ... In contrast, an impact crater is the surface expression of an impact structure. In many cases, on Earth, the impact crater has ... On the other hand, geologically inactive bodies with old surfaces, such as Earth's Moon or Callisto, are covered with impact ... has been found on its surface to date. The Earth has about 150 recognized craters, but many have been geologically modified and ...
Aluminium carbonate
Parkyns, N. D. (1969-01-01). "The surface properties of metal oxides. Part II. An infrared study of the adsorption of carbon ... Although aluminium carbonate is highly unstable, carbonate species readily form on the surface of aluminium oxide when exposed ...
Urban climatology
... thermal properties of the surface materials; and morphology of the surface and its specific three-dimensional geometry-building ... 2) The surface of the city corresponds to the level of the urban canopy layer. Fluxes across this plane comprise those from ... Most of these alterations can be traced to causal factors such as air pollution; anthropogenic sources of heat; surface ... Constructing cities changes the physical environment and alters energy, moisture, and motion regimes near the surface. ...
Lotus effect
This biochemical property is responsible for the functioning of the water repellency of the surface. The hydrophobicity of a ... The self-cleaning property of ultrahydrophobic micro-nanostructured surfaces was studied by Wilhelm Barthlott and Ehler in 1977 ... The cause of self-cleaning properties is the hydrophobic water-repellent double structure of the surface. This enables the ... When it was discovered that the self-cleaning qualities of ultrahydrophobic surfaces come from physical-chemical properties at ...
Beer-Lambert law
The wave properties of light must be negligible. In particular interference enhancement or decrease must not occur. If any of ... Attard, Gary; Barnes, Colin (1998). Surfaces. Oxford Chemistry Primers. p. 26. ISBN 978-0198556862. Jürgen Popp, Sonja Höfer, ... or the Beer-Lambert-Bouguer law relates the attenuation of light to the properties of the material through which the light is ... the angle measured from the direction perpendicular to the Earth's surface at the observation site). This equation can be used ...
Diketopyrrolopyrrole dye
Wallquist, O.; Lenz, R. (2002-03-01). "DPP chemistry - continuous innovation". Surface Coatings International Part B: Coatings ... Grzybowski, Marek; Gryko, Daniel T. (2015). "Diketopyrrolopyrroles: Synthesis, Reactivity, and Optical Properties". Advanced ... Encyclopedia of Interfacial Chemistry: Surface Science and Electrochemistry. Elsevier. 2018-03-29. ISBN 978-0-12-809894-3. Jin ... "Enhancement of Electroluminescence Properties of Red Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Doped Copolymers by Oxadiazole and Carbazole Units as ...
Llanfechan
Real property, £927. Pop[ulation], 163. Houses, 25. The surface is hilly, and the rocks include slate. Gwarafog, an ancient ...
Mickleton, County Durham
Real property, £3,169. Pop., 688. Houses, 122. Most of the surface is high moorland. A railway station on the Tees Valley ...
Hemoencephalography
Less subject to surface artifacts, such as eye and facial movements. *Capable of at-home training due to smaller, more portable ... Similar to functional magnetic resonance imaging, which uses changes in the magnetic properties of blood resulting from ...
Razlika između izmjena na stranici "Germanij"
ref name="krxps",{{cite journal,title=KRXPS study of the oxidation of Ge(001) surface,year=1998,author=Tabet, N; Salim Mushtaq ... G.; Bersillon O.; Blachot J.; Wapstra A.H., title = Nubase2003 Evaluation of Nuclear and Decay Properties, journal = Nuclear ... A.,journal=Applied Surface Science,volume=134,issue=1-4,page=275}} {{doi,10.1016/S0169-4332(98)00251-7}} ,/ref, ...
Baytown, Texas
More Mini Murals are lined up for 2019.[needs update] A privately funded mural called Cruisin W. Texas Avenue has surfaced[tone ... As of 2010, the property crime rate in the community was 4.6% compared to 5.45% for Harris County as a whole. The violent crime ... Garcia, T.D. "Subsidence and Surface Faulting at San Jacinto Monument, Goose Creek Oil Field, and Baytown, Texas". Field Trip ... This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties ±water surface only; land in adjacent county ...
Holy Roman Empire
The concept of "property" began to replace more ancient forms of jurisdiction, although they were still very much tied together ... The Pope and the German princes had surfaced as major players in the political system of the empire. ... disputes about property between immediate tenants of the Empire or the subjects of different rulers, and finally suits against ...
Eating
Land, Water & Wool Northern Tablelands Property Fact Sheet. Australian Government - Land and Water Australia. Archived from the ... Since small mammals have a high ratio of heat-losing surface area to heat-generating volume, they tend to have high energy ... "Birds on New England wool properties - A woolgrower guide" (PDF) ...
Food web
Scaling of food web properties with diversity and complexity across ecosystems (PDF). 42. Burlington: Academic Press. pp. 139- ... "Regeneration, recycling, and trophic transfer of trace metals by microbial food-web organisms in the pelagic surface waters of ... Ecologists have identified non-random properties in the topographic structure of food webs. Published examples that are used in ... They can depict different numerical properties of ecosystems, including numbers of individuals per unit of area, biomass (g/m2 ...
United States Merchant Marine Academy
... protect persons and property, prevent breaches of the peace, and enforce rules and regulations for the protection of property ... Of those going on active duty, most enter the Navy as Naval Aviators, Naval Flight Officers, Surface Warfare Officers, ...
Catenin
In F9 cells lacking both β-catenin and plakoglobin, very little E-cadherin and α-catenin accumulated at the cell surface. Mice ... As previously mentioned, the same properties of catenin that give it an important role in normal cell fate determination, ...
Van der Waals radius
The van der Waals volume, Vw, also called the atomic volume or molecular volume, is the atomic property most directly related ... For a molecule, it is the volume enclosed by the van der Waals surface. The van der Waals volume of a molecule is always ... Indeed, there is no reason to assume that the van der Waals radius is a fixed property of the atom in all circumstances: rather ... Van der Waals radii may be determined from the mechanical properties of gases (the original method), from the critical point, ...
Streptococcus pneumoniae
"Pathogenic Properties (Virulence Factors) of Some Common Pathogens" (PDF).. *^ "Clindamycin" (PDF). Davis. 2017. Retrieved ... "The Role of Innate Immune Responses in the Outcome of Interspecies Competition for Colonization of Mucosal Surfaces". PLoS ...
BoPET
To bridge control surface gaps on sailplanes (gliders), reducing profile drag. ScienceEdit. *Amateur and professional visual ... boPET film has been used in the production of banjo & drumheads since 1958 due to its durability and acoustical properties when ... If it were produced without any additives, the surface of the film would be so smooth that layers would adhere strongly to one ... As a thin strip to form an airtight seal between the control surfaces and adjacent structure of aircraft, especially gliders. ...
Leaf
Most leaves have distinct upper surface (adaxial) and lower surface (abaxial) that differ in color, hairiness, the number of ... "it is now generally accepted that compound leaves express both leaf and shoot properties."[39] ... Surface of leaf raised in a series of domes between the veins on the upper surface, and therefore also with marked depressions ... their prominence in relation to the lamina surface and the degree of opacity of the surface, which may hide finer veins. In ...
Ebola
Their life cycle is thought to begin with a virion attaching to specific cell-surface receptors such as C-type lectins, DC-SIGN ... which code for proteins with antiviral properties.[51] EBOV's V24 protein blocks the production of these antiviral proteins by ... patient waste and surfaces that may have come into contact with body fluids need to be disinfected.[111] During the 2014 ... Contact with surfaces or objects contaminated by the virus, particularly needles and syringes, may also transmit the infection. ...
GABRA4
... displaying association of gamma 3-subunits with beta 2/3 and different alpha-subunits exhibit unique pharmacological properties ... Ion channel, cell surface receptor: ligand-gated ion channels. Cys-loop receptors. ...
Final Solution
... expropriation of property; concentration into ghettoes and camps; and, finally, annihilation.[110] Hilberg gives an estimate of ... capable of most digging tasks without disrupting surfaces.[80] Although other methods of extermination, such as the cyanic ... expropriating their money and property, and encouraging them to emigrate.[11] According to the Nazi Party policy statement, the ...
Transistor
In the 1950s, Egyptian engineer Mohamed Atalla investigated the surface properties of silicon semiconductors at Bell Labs, ... and surface-mount, also known as surface-mount device (SMD). The ball grid array (BGA) is the latest surface-mount package ( ... Bradley, W.E. (December 1953). "The Surface-Barrier Transistor: Part I-Principles of the Surface-Barrier Transistor". ... overcoming the surface states that prevented electricity from reaching the semiconducting layer. This is known as surface ...
Prince Andrew, Duke of York
"The Crown Estate - Property Leases with the Royal Family". *^ "Duchess of York 'wanted cash for Prince Andrew access'". BBC ... He saw active service during the Falklands War, flying on multiple missions including anti-surface warfare, Exocet missile ... flying on missions that included anti-submarine warfare and anti-surface warfare, Exocet missile decoy, casualty evacuation, ...
Acne
A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in acne and other skin disorders". Drugs. 28 (1): 6-37. doi ... the skin cells that have died come up to the surface and exit the pore of the hair follicle.[10] In people with acne, the ... Sieber MA, Hegel JK (November 2013). "Azelaic acid: Properties and mode of action". Skin Pharmacology and Physiology (Review). ... Salicylic acid is a topically applied beta-hydroxy acid that stops bacteria from reproducing and has keratolytic properties.[ ...
Aluminijum arsenid - Википедија
... polar surface area as a sum of fragment based contributions and its application to the prediction of drug transport properties" ... Ghose, A.K.; Viswanadhan V.N. & Wendoloski, J.J. (1998). „Prediction of Hydrophobic (Lipophilic) Properties of Small Organic ...
Códigos de classificação JEL - Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre
JEL: K11 - Property Law. JEL: K12 - Contract Law. JEL: K13 - Tort Law and Product Liability. JEL: K14 - Criminal Law. JEL: K19 ... JEL: L92 - Railroads and Other Surface Transportation: Autos, Buses, Trucks, and Water Carriers; Ports. JEL: L93 - Air ... JEL: P14 - Property Rights. JEL: P16 - Political Economy. JEL: P17 - Performance and Prospects. JEL: P19 - Outros. JEL: P2 - ... JEL: P48 - Political Economy; Legal Institutions; Property Rights. JEL: P49 - Outros. JEL: P5 - Comparative Economic Systems ...
4,4'-Metilendianilin - Википедија, слободна енциклопедија
... polar surface area as a sum of fragment based contributions and its application to the prediction of drug transport properties" ... Ghose, A.K.; Viswanadhan V.N. & Wendoloski, J.J. (1998). „Prediction of Hydrophobic (Lipophilic) Properties of Small Organic ...
Substance P
Subsequently, SP is degraded and NK-1 is re-expressed on the cell surface.[10] ... it also has bronchoconstrictive properties, administered through the non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic nervous system (branch of ...
Wikipedia:Reference desk/Science
According to Water (data_page)#Water/steam equilibrium properties, about 0.6 Kg/m3. Mike Turnbull (talk) 11:27, 30 July 2021 ( ... I am asking about those 2 specific things because they are developable surfaces.2804:7F2:691:D026:F49A:3097:3AC3:3524 (talk) 15 ... What we normally call planets are big enough to have substantial surface gravity. So they end up close to spherical or (because ... Even still, they will have surface features like mountains. The Earth itself is slightly pear-shaped: see geoid. 2601:648:8202: ...
Metanefrin
... polar surface area as a sum of fragment based contributions and its application to the prediction of drug transport properties" ... "Prediction of Hydrophobic (Lipophilic) Properties of Small Organic Molecules Using Fragment Methods: An Analysis of AlogP and ...
Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Mathematics
Properties like being Euclidean domain, being principal ideal domains, basis as free abelian group, and many others are more ... Kummer surface Done Jakob.scholbach (talk). *Meta learning (computer science) Done. *Michael Roberts (mathematician) → ... The page still looks skimpy, however, and I feel that more could be added (maybe separate sections on the properties of the ... specific to quadratic integer rings than to quadratic fields, even if these properties are described in Quadratic field. D. ...
Glossary of graph theory terms
A hereditary property of graphs is a property that is closed under induced subgraphs: if G has a hereditary property, then so ... The genus of a graph is the minimum genus of a surface onto which it can be embedded; see embedding.. geodesic. As a noun, a ... A monotone property of graphs is a property that is closed under subgraphs: if G has a hereditary property, then so must every ... property. A graph property is something that can be true of some graphs and false of others, and that depends only on the graph ...
Caulobacter crescentus
The Caulobacter stalked cell stage provides a fitness advantage by anchoring the cell to surfaces to form biofilms and or to ... suggested that aging is probably a fundamental property of all cellular organisms. A similar phenomenon has since been ... with which the stalked cell can adhere to surfaces. Swarmer cells differentiate into stalked cells after a short period of ... "Biological Properties and Classification of the Caulobacter Group". Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 28 (3): 231-95. doi:10.1128/ ...
Color balance
If, say, a surface with R. =. 240. {\displaystyle R=240}. was believed to be a white object, and if 255 is the count which ... that the properties of the display medium must be accounted for, and that the ambient viewing conditions of the acquisition ... are the red, green, and blue components of a pixel which is believed to be a white surface in the image before color balancing ... The right half shows the photo adjusted to make a gray surface neutral in the same light. ...
Tornado
... a surface swirl has already developed, signifying a tornado is on the ground before condensation connects the surface ... many buildings have storm cellars on the property. These underground refuges have saved thousands of lives.[111] ... David C Lewellen; M I Zimmerman (2008-10-28). Using Simulated Tornado Surface Marks to Decipher Near-Ground Winds (PDF). 24th ... A tornado is a rapidly rotating column of air that is in contact with both the surface of the Earth and a cumulonimbus cloud or ...
Smoking ban
Property rights[edit]. Some critics of smoke-free laws emphasise the property rights of business owners, drawing a distinction ... solid particulates from secondhand smoke that are adsorbed onto surfaces and later re-emitted as gases or transferred through ... Many critics, including a substantial number of those who oppose smoking bans on property-rights grounds,[who?] note that where ... some economists suggest that the basic institutions of private property rights and contractual freedom are capable of resolving ...
Surface properties of transition metal oxides - Wikipedia
An example of a polar surface is the rocksalt (111) surface. In general, a polar surface is less stable than a nonpolar surface ... Examples of nonpolar surfaces include the rocksalt (100) surface, the rutile (100), (110) and (001) surfaces and the pervoskite ... the surface will be dipoleless and is considered a nonpolar surface. If the structures are different, the surface will have a ... to obtain the most thermodynamically stable surface. The stability of these surface structures are evaluated by surface ...
Counter-surface finish properties
... The surface properties of the cylinder bore and the piston rod have a great influence on the ... The reason for this is that two surfaces with the same values of Ra but with different surface profile characteristics can lead ... Table 1 shows some surface profiles. To ensure a surface finish with a suitable profile and characteristics for effective ... Parameters for specifying a surface finish are defined by ISO 4287:1997. The most common surface roughness parameter specified ...
Image Tutorial: Surface Properties
... This tutorial describes how to make high-quality images of a protein surface colored by ... Opening an electrostatic potential map starts the Electrostatic Surface Coloring (Surface Color) tool. The surface coloring ... Show the molecular surface, hide the ion, make sticks fatter, and make ligand carbons yellow: Command: surface Command: ~disp ... Start Coulombic Surface Coloring (under Tools... Surface/Binding Analysis). This tool calculates electrostatic potential ...
The surface glycopeptidolipids of mycobacteria: structures and biological properties | SpringerLink
SPR - Surface and Defect Properties of Solids
Surface and Defect Properties of Solids: Volume 1 Surface and Defect Properties of Solids: Volume 1 Surface and Defect ... Surface and Defect Properties of Solids: Volume 3 Surface and Defect Properties of Solids: Volume 3 Surface and Defect ... Surface and Defect Properties of Solids: Volume 6 Surface and Defect Properties of Solids: Volume 6 Surface and Defect ... Surface and Defect Properties of Solids: Volume 4 Surface and Defect Properties of Solids: Volume 4 Surface and Defect ...
Surface Properties - Surface Flux | IASOA
Surface Properties terms for the IASOA data vocabulary are taken from the U.S. Department of Energys Atmospheric Radiation ... Soil surface temperature: The temperature of the soil measured near the surface. ... Sensible heat flux: The time rate of flow for the energy transferred from a warm or hot surface to whatever is touching it, ... The rate of flow of energy, enthalpy, and gases near the surface.. Specific Measurements: ...
Changing Surface Properties for Better Adhesion | 3M Science of Adhesion Educational Series
Read this installment of the 3M Science of Adhesion Educational Series for several different ways to modify surface energy to ... Surface Preparation Process Using Abrading To prepare a surface adequately for bonding, it may be necessary to add an abrasion ... Surface Cleanliness Although we just spent a great deal of time understanding the intricacies of surface energy of materials, ... Plasma treatments expose the surface of a material to an ionized gas which changes the chemical reactivity of the surface atoms ...
Correlations of Materials Surface Properties with Biological Responses
... and predominantly the surface energies of materials controlled their interactions with all biological phases via their ... More than 50 years have passed since it was first recognized that the surface properties, ... Baier, R. (2015) Correlations of Materials Surface Properties with Biological Responses. Journal of Surface Engineered ... More than 50 years have passed since it was first recognized that the surface properties, and predominantly the surface ...
Nanometer Surface Roughness Effect on the Magnetic Properties of ...: Ingenta Connect
This suggests that the quality of the soft magnetic properties of thin film decrease due to the increase in surface roughness. ... This article reports the effects of nanometer surface roughness on the magnetic properties of CoFeHfO thin films, as deposited ... Nanometer Surface Roughness Effect on the Magnetic Properties of CoFeHfO Thin Films ... At surface roughness (R) = 4.66 nm, coercivity (H c) reaches the highest value of 0.42 Oe and magnetic anisotropy (H k) drops ...
Controlling Terahertz Surface Plasmon Properties on a Periodically Structured Silicon Surface
... Gagan Kumar ... The 2D pattern of vertical structures is observed to affect the THz surface plasmon propagation along the waveguide ... The waveguide configurations are found to support resonant surface modes at certain frequencies which can occur anywhere ... The paper presents experimental and numerical investigations on the terahertz (THz) surface plasmon propagation in a ...
Improvement in Surface Properties of Lignocellulosics Using Cold-Plasma Treatment | SpringerLink
Surface characteristics of these "hybrid" structures should exhibit properties which would allow their use under extreme ... Denes F., Young R.A. (1998) Improvement in Surface Properties of Lignocellulosics Using Cold-Plasma Treatment. In: Prasad P.N ... Tailored, special electrical and optical surface properties will also permit the creation of ultra-miniaturized high speed ... Z.Q. Hua, R. Sitaru, F. Denes, and R.A. Young, Mechanism of Oxygen-and Argon-RF-Plasma Induced Surface Chemistry of Cellulose, ...
Colloid And Surface Properties Of Clays And Related Minerals - 1st Edi
2019 by CRC Press Discusses measuring the surface properties of flat or particulate solids with contact angles of drops of ... Measurement of Surface Thermodynamic Properties 7. Electrokinetic Methods 8. Interactions Between Colloids 9. Surface ... Colloid And Surface Properties Of Clays And Related Minerals By Rossman F. Giese. , Carel J. van Oss. ... Discusses measuring the surface properties of flat or particulate solids with contact angles of drops of high-energy liquids ...
Surface property detection apparatus and method (Patent) | DOepatents
Surface property detection apparatus and method Patent Martens, Jon S. ; Ginley, David S. ; Hietala, Vincent M. ; Sorensen, ... Method And Apparatus For Two Dimensional Surface Property Analysis Based On Boundary Measurement ... Surface resistance is determined by analyzing and imaging reflected microwaves; imaging reveals anomalies due to surface ... Surface resistance is determined by analyzing and imaging reflected microwaves; imaging reveals anomalies due to surface ...
Streamline Film Production by Improving Surface Properties - Dow Corning
Dow Cornings silicone additives optimize PP and PE film production by providing slip properties while preventing die build-up ... Streamline Film Production by Improving Surface Properties. High-volume, high-speed production of blown and bi-axially oriented ... do not significantly decrease the COF of the surface of your film, and impact transparency and/or gloss. ... PE and PP film can be affected by the adhesion of the film layers to each other (blocking) and to the metal surfaces of your ...
Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of NdFeB Films through Nd Surface Diffusion Process
... Wenfeng Liu, Mingang Zhang, Kewei ... S. Sinnema, R. J. Radwanski, J. J. M. Franse, D. B. de Mooij, and K. H. J. Buschow, "Magnetic properties of ternary rare-earth ... M.-J. Kim, Y. Li, Y.-B. Kim et al., "Magnetic properties of NdFeB thin film obtained by diffusion annealing," IEEE Transactions ... D. Li, S. Suzuki, T. Horikawa, M. Itoh, and K.-I. Machida, "Grain boundary phase formation and magnetic properties of NdFeB/Nd ...
Transport properties governed by surface barriers in Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8 | Nature
... due to the presence of strong surface barriers. This finding has significant implications for the interpretation of existing ... Transport properties governed by surface barriers in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8. *Dan T. Fuchs. 1. , ... Burlachkov, L., Koshelev, A. E. & Vinokur, V. M. Transport properties of high temperature superconductors: Surface vs bulk ... Bean, C. P. & Livingston, J. D. Surface barriers in Type-II superconductors. Phys. Rev. Lett. 12, 14-16 (1964). ...
Antimicrobial Properties of Copper Alloy Surfaces | ASTM Standardization News
EPA copper alloys approved by use of these proposed methods will be available to be used for such surfaces such as door knobs ... WK42244, Test Method for Residual Self-Sanitizing Activity of Copper Alloy Surfaces; and ... WK42247, Test Method for Continuous Reduction of Bacterial Contamination on Copper Alloy Surfaces. ... WK42235, Test Method for Efficacy of Copper Alloy Surfaces as a Sanitizer; ...
Exploring Properties: Surface Area | Howtosmile
SURFACE PROPERTIES
SURFACE LAYERS, SURFACE PROPERTIES, VENUS (PLANET), VENUS SURFACE ... SURFACE PROPERTIES, TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT, texture, THERMAL PROPERTIES, ULTRAVIOLET, VISIBLE WAVELENGTHS ... SURFACE PROPERTIES, THERMAL EMISSION, VENUS (PLANET), VENUS SURFACE ... OPTICAL PROPERTIES, PHOBOS, PHOBOS 2 MISSION, Radiometry, REFLECTANCE, REGOLITH, SATELLITE SURFACES, Satellites, SPACECRAFT ...
A DFT Calculation of Nb and Ta (001) Surface Properties
... for the surface structural properties at T = 0 K. Thin slabs of 7 - 13 atomic layers of the clean Nb and Ta (001) surfaces are ... considered and relaxations, surface energies, and work functions of the fully relaxed slabs are presented. Consistent results ... for the surface structural properties at T = 0 K. Thin slabs of 7 - 13 atomic layers of the clean Nb and Ta (001) surfaces are ... A. Ramanathan, "A DFT Calculation of Nb and Ta (001) Surface Properties," Journal of Modern Physics, Vol. 4 No. 3A, 2013, pp. ...
752a) Study on Aggregation of Gold Nanoparticles by Tuning the Surface Properties | AIChE
752a) Study on Aggregation of Gold Nanoparticles by Tuning the Surface Properties. *Conference: AIChE Annual Meeting ... Ionic surfactants including SDS and TDTAB have been used to characterize the surface properties of the gold colloid. The ... point for the development of a correlation between the aggregation kinetics of the colloids and their surface properties. We ... surface area, solid volume, and mean particle size. As a result, instead of solving the particle size distribution (PSD), QMOM ...
Magnetic properties and surface resistance of Rb-doped YBaCuO ceramic - IEEE Journals & Magazine
Manipulating Ferroelectrics through Changes in Surface and Interface Properties (Journal Article) | DOE PAGES
... ferroelectric and domain retention properties. By understanding the role of surfaces and interfaces, ferroelectric properties ... Accepted Manuscript: Manipulating Ferroelectrics through Changes in Surface and Interface Properties. Title: Manipulating ... Interface and surface properties are modulated through the selection/redesign of electrode materials as well as tuning the ... Interface and surface properties are modulated through the selection/redesign of electrode materials as well as tuning the ...
NIOSHTIC-2 Publications Search - 20043343 - Properties that influence the specific surface areas of carbon nanotubes and...
Properties found to influence surface area were number of walls/diameter, impurities, and surface functionalization with ... nanotubes and nanofibers were analyzed to examine possible relationships between their Brunauer-Emmett-Teller specific surface ... areas (SSAs) and their physical and chemical properties. ... Properties found to influence surface area were number of walls ... how different properties may influence surface area is discussed. The materials examined have a wide range of surface areas. ...
Influence of Surface Properties Modified with Fine Shot Peening on Scuffing
... the metal surfaces could be obtained with both surface strength and surface lubricity. Herein, the influence of surface ... it is important to understand the influence of the surface properties on the scuffing resistance. If the effective surface ... properties modified with fine shot peening, which can form the arbitrary surface profile, on the scuffing resistance in the ... The influence of the surface roughness of the shot-peened test roller was also discussed. We found that the shot-peened roller ...
Surface Finish Properties | Altium Designer 19.1 User Manual | Documentation
... all Surface Finish object properties are available for editing in the Properties panel when a placed Surface Finish indicator ... The Surface Finish Sign object default settings in the Preferences dialog and the Surface Finish mode of the Properties panel ... The property settings for each type of object are defined in two different ways:. *Pre-placement settings - most Surface Finish ... Parent page: Surface Finish. Draftsman object properties are definable options that specify the visual style, content and ...
Pavement rehabilitation, strength and deformation characteristics, and surface properties-vehicle interaction, 2006. (Book,...
... and surface properties-vehicle interaction, 2006.. [National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research Board.; National ... Committee on Surface Properties-Vehicle Interaction. a schema:Organization ;. schema:name "National Research Council (U.S.). ... Committee on Surface Properties-Vehicle Interaction." ;. schema:name "National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research ... Part 3, Pavement surface properties-vehicle interaction: Analysis of effectiveness of longitudinal grooving against ...
Web-based display of protein surface and pH-dependent properties for assessing the developability of biotherapeutics |...
Tools are presented for calculating and mapping patches of hydrophobicity and charge on the protein surface. In addition, ... This benchmarking process provides the user with thresholds with which to assess non-polar surface patches, and possible ... Display and quantification of surface polarity and pH/ionic strength dependence will be useful generally for investigation of ... Protein solution behaviour is dictated by the physicochemical properties of the protein and the solution. Optimising protein ...