An element of the alkaline earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Sr, atomic number 38, and atomic weight 87.62.
Stable strontium atoms that have the same atomic number as the element strontium, but differ in the atomic weight. Sr-84, 86, 87, and 88 are the stable strontium isotopes.
Unstable isotopes of strontium that decay or disintegrate spontaneously emitting radiation. Sr 80-83, 85, and 89-95 are radioactive strontium isotopes.
Thiophenes are aromatic heterocyclic organic compounds containing a five-membered ring with four carbon atoms and one sulfur atom, which are found in various natural substances and synthesized for use in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.
A class of compounds of the type R-M, where a C atom is joined directly to any other element except H, C, N, O, F, Cl, Br, I, or At. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Stable calcium atoms that have the same atomic number as the element calcium, but differ in atomic weight. Ca-42-44, 46, and 48 are stable calcium isotopes.
Agents that inhibit BONE RESORPTION and/or favor BONE MINERALIZATION and BONE REGENERATION. They are used to heal BONE FRACTURES and to treat METABOLIC BONE DISEASES such as OSTEOPOROSIS.
Metabolic disorder associated with fractures of the femoral neck, vertebrae, and distal forearm. It occurs commonly in women within 15-20 years after menopause, and is caused by factors associated with menopause including estrogen deficiency.
A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.
Disorder caused by an interruption of the mineralization of organic bone matrix leading to bone softening, bone pain, and weakness. It is the adult form of rickets resulting from disruption of VITAMIN D; PHOSPHORUS; or CALCIUM homeostasis.
Metals that constitute the group 2 (formerly group IIa) of the periodic table.
Breaks in bones resulting from low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration characteristic of OSTEOPOROSIS.
An element of the alkaline earth group of metals. It has an atomic symbol Ba, atomic number 56, and atomic weight 138. All of its acid-soluble salts are poisonous.
A specialized CONNECTIVE TISSUE that is the main constituent of the SKELETON. The principle cellular component of bone is comprised of OSTEOBLASTS; OSTEOCYTES; and OSTEOCLASTS, while FIBRILLAR COLLAGENS and hydroxyapatite crystals form the BONE MATRIX.
The constricted portion of the thigh bone between the femur head and the trochanters.
Identification and measurement of ELEMENTS and their location based on the fact that X-RAYS emitted by an element excited by an electron beam have a wavelength characteristic of that element and an intensity related to its concentration. It is performed with an electron microscope fitted with an x-ray spectrometer, in scanning or transmission mode.
A phylum of radially symmetrical invertebrates characterized by possession of stinging cells called nematocysts. It includes the classes ANTHOZOA; CUBOZOA; HYDROZOA, and SCYPHOZOA. Members carry CNIDARIAN VENOMS.
A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that is the source of mucuna gum.
Disorders in the processing of calcium in the body: its absorption, transport, storage, and utilization.
The inanimate matter of Earth, the structures and properties of this matter, and the processes that affect it.
A dilated cavity extended caudally from the hindgut. In adult birds, reptiles, amphibians, and many fishes but few mammals, cloaca is a common chamber into which the digestive, urinary and reproductive tracts discharge their contents. In most mammals, cloaca gives rise to LARGE INTESTINE; URINARY BLADDER; and GENITALIA.
Salts of alginic acid that are extracted from marine kelp and used to make dental impressions and as absorbent material for surgical dressings.
A peninsula in Southeast EUROPE between the Adriatic and Ionian seas on the West and Aegean and Black Seas on the East. (from www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/balkan%20peninsula)
The growth action of bone tissue as it assimilates surgically implanted devices or prostheses to be used as either replacement parts (e.g., hip) or as anchors (e.g., endosseous dental implants).
The use of light interaction (scattering, absorption, and fluorescence) with biological tissue to obtain morphologically based information. It includes measuring inherent tissue optical properties such as scattering, absorption, and autofluorescence; or optical properties of exogenous targeted fluorescent molecular probes such as those used in optical MOLECULAR IMAGING, or nontargeted optical CONTRAST AGENTS.
Liquid, solid, or gaseous waste resulting from mining of radioactive ore, production of reactor fuel materials, reactor operation, processing of irradiated reactor fuels, and related operations, and from use of radioactive materials in research, industry, and medicine. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Positively charged atoms, radicals or groups of atoms with a valence of plus 2, which travel to the cathode or negative pole during electrolysis.
Uptake of substances through the lining of the INTESTINES.
Those customs and ceremonies pertaining to the dead.
A superorder in the class CEPHALOPODA, consisting of the orders Octopoda (octopus) with over 200 species and Vampyromorpha with a single species. The latter is a phylogenetic relic but holds the key to the origins of Octopoda.
A unisexual reproduction without the fusion of a male and a female gamete (FERTILIZATION). In parthenogenesis, an individual is formed from an unfertilized OVUM that did not complete MEIOSIS. Parthenogenesis occurs in nature and can be artificially induced.
Spectrophotometric techniques by which the absorption or emmision spectra of radiation from atoms are produced and analyzed.
Uncontrolled release of radioactive material from its containment. This either threatens to, or does, cause exposure to a radioactive hazard. Such an incident may occur accidentally or deliberately.
The use of chemical agents in TERRORISM. This includes the malevolent use of nerve agents, blood agents, blister agents, and choking agents (NOXAE).
The use or threatened use of force or violence against persons or property in violation of criminal laws for purposes of intimidation, coercion, or ransom, in support of political or social objectives.
A shiny gray element with atomic symbol As, atomic number 33, and atomic weight 75. It occurs throughout the universe, mostly in the form of metallic arsenides. Most forms are toxic. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), arsenic and certain arsenic compounds have been listed as known carcinogens. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
Planned and coordinated pre-event accumulation of ESSENTIAL DRUGS and medical supplies.

Ca-releasing action of beta, gamma-methylene adenosine triphosphate on fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum. (1/715)

beta,gamma-Methylene adenosine triphosphate (AMPOPCP) has two effects on fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum (FSR), i.e., inhibition of the rate of Ca uptake and the induction of Ca release from FSR filled with Ca. The Ca release brought about by AMPOPCP has many features in common with the mechanism of Ca-induced Ca release: i) it is inhibited by 10 mM procaine; ii) the amount of Ca release increases with increase in the extent of saturation of FSR with Ca; iii) increase of the Ca concentration in the extent of saturation of FSR with Ca; iii) increase of the Ca concentration in the medium facilitates the release of Ca. However, no facilitation of Ca release upon decrease of Mg concentration in the medium is observable. AMPOPCP and caffeine potentiate each other remarkably in their Ca-releasing action, irrespective of the kind of substrate. From the mode of action of AMPOPCP on the rate of Ca uptake, the amount of phosphorylated intermediate (EP), and the effect on Sr release, it is suggested that the state of the FSR-ATP complex is crucial for Ca-induced Ca release.  (+info)

Regulated exopolysaccharide production in Myxococcus xanthus. (2/715)

Myxococcus xanthus fibrils are cell surface-associated structures composed of roughly equal amounts of polysaccharide and protein. The level of M. xanthus polysaccharide production under different conditions in the wild type and in several mutants known to have alterations in fibril production was investigated. Wild-type exopolysaccharide increased significantly as cells entered the stationary phase of growth or upon addition of Ca2+ to growing cells, and the polysaccharide-induced cells exhibited an enhanced capacity for cell-cell agglutination. The activity of the key gluconeogenic pathway enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (Pck) also increased under these conditions. Most fibril-deficient mutants failed to produce polysaccharide in a stationary-phase- or Ca2+-dependent fashion. However, regulation of Pck activity was generally unimpaired in these mutant strains. In an stk mutant, which overproduces fibrils, polysaccharide production and Pck activity were constitutively high under the conditions tested. Polysaccharide production increased in most fibril-deficient strains when an stk mutant allele was present, indicating that these fibril-deficient mutants retained the basic cellular components required for fibril polysaccharide production. In contrast to other divalent cations tested, Sr2+ effectively replaced Ca2+ in stimulating polysaccharide production, and either Ca2+ or Sr2+ was required for fruiting-body formation by wild-type cells. By using transmission electron microscopy of freeze-substituted log-phase wild-type cells, fibril material was observed as a cell surface-associated layer of uniform thickness composed of filaments with an ordered structure.  (+info)

Stimulation of strontium accumulation in linoleate-enriched Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a result of reduced Sr2+ efflux. (3/715)

The influence of modified plasma membrane fatty acid composition on cellular strontium accumulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae was investigated. Growth of S. cerevisiae in the presence of 1 mM linoleate (18:2) (which results in 18:2 incorporation to approximately 70% of total cellular and plasma membrane fatty acids, with no effect on growth rate) yielded cells that accumulated Sr2+ intracellularly at approximately twice the rate of S. cerevisiae grown without a fatty acid supplement. This effect was evident over a wide range of external Sr2+ concentrations (25 microM to 5 mM) and increased with the extent of cellular 18:2 incorporation. Stimulation of Sr2+ accumulation was not evident following enrichment of S. cerevisiae with either palmitoleate (16:1), linolenate (18:3) (n-3 and n-6 isomers), or eicosadienoate (20:2) (n-6 and n-9 isomers). Competition experiments revealed that Ca2+- and Mg2+-induced inhibition of Sr2+ accumulation did not differ between unsupplemented and 18:2-supplemented cells. Treatment with trifluoperazine (TFP) (which can act as a calmodulin antagonist and Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor), at a low concentration that precluded nonspecific K+ efflux, increased intracellular Sr2+ accumulation by approximately 3.6- and 1.4-fold in unsupplemented and 18:2-supplemented cells, respectively. Thus, TFP abolished the enhanced Sr2+ accumulation ability of 18:2-supplemented cells. Moreover, the rate of Sr2+ release from Sr2+-loaded fatty acid-unsupplemented cells was found to be at least twice as great as that from Sr2+-loaded 18:2-enriched cells. The influence of enrichment with other fatty acids on Sr2+ efflux was variable. The results reveal an enhanced Sr2+ accumulation ability of S. cerevisiae following 18:2-enrichment, which is attributed to diminished Sr2+ efflux activity in these cells.  (+info)

Quantal amplitude and quantal variance of strontium-induced asynchronous EPSCs in rat dentate granule neurons. (4/715)

1. Excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) were recorded from granule cells of the dentate gyrus in acute slices of 17- to 21-day-old rats (22-25 C) using tissue cuts and minimal extracellular stimulation to selectively activate a small number of synaptic contacts. 2. Adding millimolar Sr2+ to the external solution produced asynchronous EPSCs (aEPSCs) lasting for several hundred milliseconds after the stimulus. Minimally stimulated aEPSCs resembled miniature EPSCs (mEPSCs) recorded in the same cell but differed from them in ways expected from the greater range of dendritic filtering experienced by mEPSCs. aEPSCs had the same stimulus threshold as the synchronous EPSCs (sEPSCs) that followed the stimulus with a brief latency. aEPSCs following stimulation of distal inputs had a slower mean rise time than those following stimulation of proximal inputs. These results suggest that aEPSCs arose from the same synapses that generated sEPSCs. 3. Proximally elicited aEPSCs had a mean amplitude of 6.7 +/- 2.2 pA (+/- s.d., n = 23 cells) at -70 mV and an amplitude coefficient of variation of 0. 46 +/- 0.08. 4. The amplitude distributions of sEPSCs never exhibited distinct peaks. 5. Monte Carlo modelling of the shapes of aEPSC amplitude distributions indicated that our data were best explained by an intrasite model of quantal variance. 6. It is concluded that Sr2+-evoked aEPSCs are uniquantal events arising at synaptic terminals that were recently invaded by an action potential, and so provide direct information about the quantal amplitude and quantal variance at those terminals. The large quantal variance obscures quantization of the amplitudes of evoked sEPSCs at this class of excitatory synapse.  (+info)

Voltage-dependent entry and generation of slow Ca2+ oscillations in glucose-stimulated pancreatic beta-cells. (5/715)

The role of voltage-dependent Ca2+ entry for glucose generation of slow oscillations of the cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) was evaluated in individual mouse pancreatic beta-cells. Like depolarization with K+, a rise of the glucose concentration resulted in an enhanced influx of Mn2+, which was inhibited by nifedipine. This antagonist of L-type Ca2+ channels also blocked the slow oscillations of [Ca2+]i induced by glucose. The slow oscillations occurred in synchrony with variations in Mn2+ influx and bursts of action currents, with the elevation of [Ca2+]i being proportional to the frequency of the action currents. A similar relationship was obtained when Ca2+ was replaced with Sr2+. Occasionally, the slow [Ca2+]i oscillations were superimposed with pronounced spikes temporarily arresting the action currents. It is concluded that the glucose-induced slow oscillations of [Ca2+]i are caused by periodic depolarization with Ca2+ influx through L-type channels. Ca2+ spiking, due to intracellular mobilization, may be important for chopping the slow oscillations of [Ca2+]i into shorter ones characterizing beta-cells situated in pancreatic islets.  (+info)

Evolution of contractile and elastic properties of rat soleus muscle fibres under unloading conditions. (6/715)

Rats were submitted to 14 days of hindlimb suspension in order to examine the contractile and elastic properties of the soleus muscles under disuse conditions. The calcium/strontium activation properties, the maximal shortening velocity (V0), as well as the time behaviour of force transients following quick releases and the T1 curves characterizing the active part of the series elastic elements, were determined on single chemically skinned fibres. After the functional measurements, the fibres were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in order to analyse both the myosin heavy (MHC) and light (MLC) chain isoforms. According to the MHC and MLC composition, two groups of fibres were defined after hindlimb suspension: a group of slow fibres expressing the slow set of both MHC and MLC isoforms, and a group of fast fibres co-expressing the slow and fast MHC and MLC isoforms with a predominant expression of the fast ones. For the first group, the contractile as well as the elastic properties were found to be close to those of control slow soleus fibres. For the second group, both contractile and elastic properties were modified insofar as they became close to those found in a fast muscle such as the extensor digitorum longus. We suggested that between the two populations found in the soleus muscle after hindlimb suspension the modifications in the contractile properties, as well as the alterations in the elastic characteristics, were concomitant to the changes in both MHC and MLC compositions.  (+info)

Two components of transmitter release from the chick ciliary presynaptic terminal and their regulation by protein kinase C. (7/715)

1. A study was made of the effects of phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, PMA, 0.1 microM) on the two components of evoked transmitter release, namely the fast synchronous and the slow asynchronous components, from the giant presynaptic terminal of the chick ciliary ganglion. The excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) were recorded under whole-cell voltage clamp of the postsynaptic neuron. 2. The decay time constant of the slow component was prolonged by replacing Ca2+ with Sr2+. In 5 mM [Sr2+]o the fast component decayed with a time constant of 2.6 +/- 1.4 ms whereas the slow component decayed with a time constant of 19 +/- 7 ms. 3. When stimulated with twin pulses with a short interpulse interval, the fast component of the second EPSC was often depressed whereas the slow component was usually facilitated. Both components were positively dependent on [Sr2+]o in a saturable manner, but the fast component approached its maximum at a lower [Sr2+]o than the slow component. 4. PMA potentiated both the fast and slow components to a similar extent and with a similar time course. For each component, the effect of PMA was less potent at high [Sr2+]o than at low [Sr2+]o. For either the fast or the slow component the PMA-induced potentiation was accompanied by a reduction in the paired-pulse ratio (PPR). 5. Despite the different dissociation constant for dextran-conjugated fura-2, the fluorescent ratio for intraterminal [Sr2+] ([Sr2+]i) decayed to the baseline after the nerve-evoked increment with a time course similar to that for [Ca2+]i, suggesting that intraterminal Sr2+ is buffered less efficiently than Ca2+. PMA did not increase the [Sr2+]i transients produced by stimulation of the presynaptic oculomotor nerve. 6. It is suggested that protein kinase C (PKC) modulates both the fast and slow components through common molecular mechanisms that upregulate the Sr2+ sensitivity of the vesicle fusion probability.  (+info)

Presynaptic strontium dynamics and synaptic transmission. (8/715)

Strontium can replace calcium in triggering neurotransmitter release, although peak release is reduced and the duration of release is prolonged. Strontium has therefore become useful in probing release, but its mechanism of action is not well understood. Here we study the action of strontium at the granule cell to Purkinje cell synapse in mouse cerebellar slices. Presynaptic residual strontium levels were monitored with fluorescent indicators, which all responded to strontium (fura-2, calcium orange, fura-2FF, magnesium green, and mag-fura-5). When calcium was replaced by equimolar concentrations of strontium in the external bath, strontium and calcium both entered presynaptic terminals. Contaminating calcium was eliminated by including EGTA in the extracellular bath, or by loading parallel fibers with EGTA, enabling the actions of strontium to be studied in isolation. After a single stimulus, strontium reached higher peak free levels than did calcium (approximately 1.7 times greater), and decayed more slowly (half-decay time 189 ms for strontium and 32 ms for calcium). These differences in calcium and strontium dynamics are likely a consequence of greater strontium permeability through calcium channels, lower affinity of the endogenous buffer for strontium, and less efficient extrusion of strontium. Measurements of presynaptic divalent levels help to explain properties of release evoked by strontium. Parallel fiber synaptic currents triggered by strontium are smaller in amplitude and longer in duration than those triggered by calcium. In both calcium and strontium, release consists of two components, one more steeply dependent on divalent levels than the other. Strontium drives both components less effectively than does calcium, suggesting that the affinities of the sensors involved in both phases of release are lower for strontium than for calcium. Thus, the larger and slower strontium transients account for the prominent slow component of release triggered by strontium.  (+info)

Strontium is not a medical term, but it is a chemical element with the symbol Sr and atomic number 38. It is a soft silver-white or yellowish metallic element that is highly reactive chemically. In the medical field, strontium ranelate is a medication used to treat osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. It works by increasing the formation of new bone and decreasing bone resorption (breakdown).

It is important to note that strontium ranelate has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events, such as heart attack and stroke, so it is not recommended for people with a history of these conditions. Additionally, the use of strontium supplements in high doses can be toxic and should be avoided.

Strontium isotopes are different forms of the element strontium that have different numbers of neutrons in their atomic nuclei. The most common strontium isotopes are Sr-84, Sr-86, Sr-87, and Sr-88, with atomic masses of 83.913, 85.909, 86.909, and 87.905 atomic mass units (amu), respectively.

Strontium-87 is a radioactive isotope that is produced naturally in the Earth's crust through the decay of rubidium-87. The ratio of strontium-87 to strontium-86 can be used as a geological dating tool, as well as a forensic tool for determining the origin of objects or materials.

In medical applications, strontium ranelate, which contains stable strontium isotopes, has been used in the treatment of osteoporosis due to its ability to increase bone density and reduce the risk of fractures. However, its use has been limited due to concerns about potential side effects, including cardiovascular risks.

Strontium radioisotopes are radioactive isotopes of the element strontium. Strontium is an alkaline earth metal that is found in nature and has several isotopes, some of which are stable and some of which are radioactive. The radioactive isotopes of strontium, also known as strontium radionuclides, decay and emit radiation in the form of beta particles.

Strontium-89 (^89Sr) and strontium-90 (^90Sr) are two common radioisotopes of strontium that are used in medical applications. Strontium-89 is a pure beta emitter with a half-life of 50.5 days, which makes it useful for the treatment of bone pain associated with metastatic cancer. When administered, strontium-89 is taken up by bones and irradiates the bone tissue, reducing pain and improving quality of life in some patients.

Strontium-90, on the other hand, has a longer half-life of 28.8 years and emits more powerful beta particles than strontium-89. It is used as a component in radioactive waste and in some nuclear weapons, but it is not used in medical applications due to its long half-life and high radiation dose.

It's important to note that exposure to strontium radioisotopes can be harmful to human health, especially if ingested or inhaled. Therefore, handling and disposal of strontium radioisotopes require special precautions and regulations.

Thiophenes are organic compounds that contain a heterocyclic ring made up of four carbon atoms and one sulfur atom. The structure of thiophene is similar to benzene, with the benzene ring being replaced by a thiophene ring. Thiophenes are aromatic compounds, which means they have a stable, planar ring structure and delocalized electrons.

Thiophenes can be found in various natural sources such as coal tar, crude oil, and some foods like onions and garlic. They also occur in certain medications, dyes, and pesticides. Some thiophene derivatives have been synthesized and studied for their potential therapeutic uses, including anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antitumor activities.

In the medical field, thiophenes are used in some pharmaceuticals as building blocks to create drugs with various therapeutic effects. For example, tipepidine, a cough suppressant, contains a thiophene ring. Additionally, some anesthetics and antipsychotic medications also contain thiophene moieties.

It is important to note that while thiophenes themselves are not typically considered medical terms, they play a role in the chemistry of various pharmaceuticals and other medical-related compounds.

Organometallic compounds are a type of chemical compound that contain at least one metal-carbon bond. This means that the metal is directly attached to carbon atom(s) from an organic molecule. These compounds can be synthesized through various methods, and they have found widespread use in industrial and medicinal applications, including catalysis, polymerization, and pharmaceuticals.

It's worth noting that while organometallic compounds contain metal-carbon bonds, not all compounds with metal-carbon bonds are considered organometallic. For example, in classical inorganic chemistry, simple salts of metal carbonyls (M(CO)n) are not typically classified as organometallic, but rather as metal carbonyl complexes. The distinction between these classes of compounds can sometimes be subtle and is a matter of ongoing debate among chemists.

Calcium isotopes refer to variants of the chemical element calcium (ca) that have different numbers of neutrons in their atomic nuclei, and therefore differ in their atomic masses while having the same number of protons. The most common and stable calcium isotope is Calcium-40, which contains 20 protons and 20 neutrons. However, calcium has several other isotopes, including Calcium-42, Calcium-43, Calcium-44, and Calcium-46 to -52, each with different numbers of neutrons. Some of these isotopes are radioactive and decay over time. The relative abundances of calcium isotopes can vary in different environments and can provide information about geological and biological processes.

Bone density conservation agents, also known as anti-resorptive agents or bone-sparing drugs, are a class of medications that help to prevent the loss of bone mass and reduce the risk of fractures. They work by inhibiting the activity of osteoclasts, the cells responsible for breaking down and reabsorbing bone tissue during the natural remodeling process.

Examples of bone density conservation agents include:

1. Bisphosphonates (e.g., alendronate, risedronate, ibandronate, zoledronic acid) - These are the most commonly prescribed class of bone density conservation agents. They bind to hydroxyapatite crystals in bone tissue and inhibit osteoclast activity, thereby reducing bone resorption.
2. Denosumab (Prolia) - This is a monoclonal antibody that targets RANKL (Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-κB Ligand), a key signaling molecule involved in osteoclast differentiation and activation. By inhibiting RANKL, denosumab reduces osteoclast activity and bone resorption.
3. Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) (e.g., raloxifene) - These medications act as estrogen agonists or antagonists in different tissues. In bone tissue, SERMs mimic the bone-preserving effects of estrogen by inhibiting osteoclast activity and reducing bone resorption.
4. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) - Estrogen hormone replacement therapy has been shown to preserve bone density in postmenopausal women; however, its use is limited due to increased risks of breast cancer, cardiovascular disease, and thromboembolic events.
5. Calcitonin - This hormone, secreted by the thyroid gland, inhibits osteoclast activity and reduces bone resorption. However, it has largely been replaced by other more effective bone density conservation agents.

These medications are often prescribed for individuals at high risk of fractures due to conditions such as osteoporosis or metabolic disorders that affect bone health. It is essential to follow the recommended dosage and administration guidelines to maximize their benefits while minimizing potential side effects. Regular monitoring of bone density, blood calcium levels, and other relevant parameters is also necessary during treatment with these medications.

Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a specific type of osteoporosis that occurs in women after they have gone through menopause. It is defined as a skeletal disorder characterized by compromised bone strength, leading to an increased risk of fractures. In this condition, the decline in estrogen levels that occurs during menopause accelerates bone loss, resulting in a decrease in bone density and quality, which can lead to fragility fractures, particularly in the hips, wrists, and spine.

It's important to note that while postmenopausal osteoporosis is more common in women, men can also develop osteoporosis due to other factors such as aging, lifestyle choices, and medical conditions.

Calcium is an essential mineral that is vital for various physiological processes in the human body. The medical definition of calcium is as follows:

Calcium (Ca2+) is a crucial cation and the most abundant mineral in the human body, with approximately 99% of it found in bones and teeth. It plays a vital role in maintaining structural integrity, nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction, hormonal secretion, blood coagulation, and enzyme activation.

Calcium homeostasis is tightly regulated through the interplay of several hormones, including parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitonin, and vitamin D. Dietary calcium intake, absorption, and excretion are also critical factors in maintaining optimal calcium levels in the body.

Hypocalcemia refers to low serum calcium levels, while hypercalcemia indicates high serum calcium levels. Both conditions can have detrimental effects on various organ systems and require medical intervention to correct.

Osteomalacia is a medical condition characterized by the softening of bones due to defective bone mineralization, resulting from inadequate vitamin D, phosphate, or calcium. It mainly affects adults and is different from rickets, which occurs in children. The primary symptom is bone pain, but muscle weakness can also occur. Prolonged osteomalacia may lead to skeletal deformities and an increased risk of fractures. Treatment typically involves supplementation with vitamin D, calcium, and sometimes phosphate.

Alkaline earth metals are a group of elements in the periodic table that include beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), and radium (Ra). These metals are called "alkaline earth" because they form alkaline solutions when reacted with water, and they comprise the second group of elements in the periodic table's s-block.

These metals share several common properties:

1. They have two electrons in their outermost energy level, which makes them highly reactive and willing to lose those electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration.
2. They are all shiny, silvery-white, and solid at room temperature.
3. They have relatively low densities and melting points compared to transition metals.
4. They form oxides and hydroxides that are basic in nature, hence the term "alkaline."
5. They readily react with halogens, nitrogen, carbon, and hydrogen to form various compounds.

In a medical context, alkaline earth metals don't typically have a direct role in human physiology or pathology. However, some of their salts are used in medical applications, such as:

1. Calcium salts (e.g., calcium carbonate) are commonly used as dietary supplements and antacids to treat or prevent calcium deficiency and acid reflux.
2. Magnesium salts (e.g., magnesium sulfate) have various medical uses, including treating eclampsia, hypomagnesemia, and constipation.
3. Barium salts are used in radiology as a contrast agent for gastrointestinal imaging studies.

It is worth noting that exposure to excessive amounts of these metals can be harmful. For instance, overexposure to beryllium can lead to chronic beryllium disease, while calcium and magnesium in large quantities may cause hypercalcemia or hypermagnesemia, respectively, which can have detrimental health effects.

Osteoporotic fractures are breaks or cracks in bones that occur as a result of osteoporosis, a condition characterized by weak and brittle bones. Osteoporosis causes bones to lose density and strength, making them more susceptible to fractures, even from minor injuries or falls.

The most common types of osteoporotic fractures are:

1. Hip fractures: These occur when the upper part of the thigh bone (femur) breaks, often due to a fall. Hip fractures can be serious and may require surgery and hospitalization.
2. Vertebral compression fractures: These occur when the bones in the spine (vertebrae) collapse, causing height loss, back pain, and deformity. They are often caused by everyday activities, such as bending or lifting.
3. Wrist fractures: These occur when the bones in the wrist break, often due to a fall. Wrist fractures are common in older adults with osteoporosis.
4. Other fractures: Osteoporotic fractures can also occur in other bones, such as the pelvis, ribs, and humerus (upper arm bone).

Prevention is key in managing osteoporosis and reducing the risk of osteoporotic fractures. This includes getting enough calcium and vitamin D, engaging in regular weight-bearing exercise, avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, and taking medications as prescribed by a healthcare provider.

Barium is a naturally occurring, silvery-white metallic chemical element with the symbol Ba and atomic number 56. In medical terms, barium is commonly used as a contrast agent in radiology, particularly in X-ray examinations such as an upper GI series or barium enema. The barium sulfate powder is mixed with water to create a liquid or thick paste that is swallowed or inserted through the rectum. This provides a white coating on the inside lining of the digestive tract, allowing it to be seen more clearly on X-ray images and helping doctors diagnose various conditions such as ulcers, tumors, or inflammation.

It's important to note that barium is not absorbed by the body and does not cause any harm when used in medical imaging procedures. However, if it is accidentally inhaled or aspirated into the lungs during administration, it can cause chemical pneumonitis, a potentially serious condition. Therefore, it should only be administered under the supervision of trained medical professionals.

"Bone" is the hard, dense connective tissue that makes up the skeleton of vertebrate animals. It provides support and protection for the body's internal organs, and serves as a attachment site for muscles, tendons, and ligaments. Bone is composed of cells called osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are responsible for bone formation and resorption, respectively, and an extracellular matrix made up of collagen fibers and mineral crystals.

Bones can be classified into two main types: compact bone and spongy bone. Compact bone is dense and hard, and makes up the outer layer of all bones and the shafts of long bones. Spongy bone is less dense and contains large spaces, and makes up the ends of long bones and the interior of flat and irregular bones.

The human body has 206 bones in total. They can be further classified into five categories based on their shape: long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones, and sesamoid bones.

The "femur neck" is the narrow, upper part of the femur (thigh bone) where it connects to the pelvis. It is the region through which the femoral head articulates with the acetabulum to form the hip joint. The femur neck is a common site for fractures, especially in older adults with osteoporosis.

Electron Probe Microanalysis (EPMA) is a technique used in materials science and geology to analyze the chemical composition of materials at very small scales, typically on the order of microns or less. In this technique, a focused beam of electrons is directed at a sample, causing the emission of X-rays that are characteristic of the elements present in the sample. By analyzing the energy and intensity of these X-rays, researchers can determine the concentration of different elements in the sample with high precision and accuracy.

EPMA is typically performed using a specialized instrument called an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA), which consists of an electron column for generating and focusing the electron beam, an X-ray spectrometer for analyzing the emitted X-rays, and a stage for positioning and manipulating the sample. The technique is widely used in fields such as mineralogy, geochemistry, metallurgy, and materials science to study the composition and structure of minerals, alloys, semiconductors, and other materials.

One of the key advantages of EPMA is its ability to analyze the chemical composition of small regions within a sample, even in cases where there are spatial variations in composition or where the sample is heterogeneous. This makes it an ideal technique for studying the distribution and behavior of trace elements in minerals, the microstructure of alloys and other materials, and the composition of individual grains or phases within a polyphase material. Additionally, EPMA can be used to analyze both conductive and non-conductive samples, making it a versatile tool for a wide range of applications.

Cnidaria is a phylum of aquatic animals that includes jellyfish, sea anemones, hydra, and corals. They are characterized by the presence of specialized stinging cells called cnidocytes, which they use for defense and capturing prey. Cnidarians have a simple body organization with two basic forms: polyps, which are typically cylindrical and attached to a substrate; and medusae, which are free-swimming and bell-shaped. Some species can exist in both forms during their life cycle.

Cnidarians have no true organs or organ systems, but they do have a unique tissue arrangement with two main layers: an outer epidermis and an inner gastrodermis, separated by a jelly-like mesoglea. They have a digestive cavity called the coelenteron, where they absorb nutrients after capturing and digesting prey. Cnidarians reproduce both sexually and asexually, with some species exhibiting complex life cycles involving multiple forms and reproductive strategies.

Mucuna is a genus of tropical leguminous plants, and the term is often used in a medical context to refer to one specific species: Mucuna pruriens. This plant, also known as velvet bean, has been used in traditional medicine for various purposes, including the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

Mucuna pruriens contains high levels of L-dopa, a precursor to dopamine, which is a neurotransmitter that plays an important role in regulating movement and mood. As such, Mucuna has been studied as a potential alternative treatment for Parkinson's disease, which is characterized by low levels of dopamine in the brain.

It's worth noting that while some studies have suggested that Mucuna may be effective in reducing symptoms of Parkinson's disease, more research is needed to fully understand its safety and efficacy. Additionally, Mucuna can contain other compounds that may have negative effects, so it should only be used under the guidance of a healthcare professional.

Calcium metabolism disorders refer to a group of medical conditions that affect the body's ability to properly regulate the levels of calcium in the blood and tissues. Calcium is an essential mineral that plays a critical role in many bodily functions, including bone health, muscle contraction, nerve function, and blood clotting.

There are several types of calcium metabolism disorders, including:

1. Hypocalcemia: This is a condition characterized by low levels of calcium in the blood. It can be caused by various factors such as vitamin D deficiency, hypoparathyroidism, and certain medications. Symptoms may include muscle cramps, spasms, and tingling sensations in the fingers and toes.
2. Hypercalcemia: This is a condition characterized by high levels of calcium in the blood. It can be caused by various factors such as hyperparathyroidism, cancer, and certain medications. Symptoms may include fatigue, weakness, confusion, and kidney stones.
3. Osteoporosis: This is a condition characterized by weak and brittle bones due to low calcium levels in the bones. It can be caused by various factors such as aging, menopause, vitamin D deficiency, and certain medications. Symptoms may include bone fractures and loss of height.
4. Paget's disease: This is a condition characterized by abnormal bone growth and deformities due to disordered calcium metabolism. It can be caused by various factors such as genetics, age, and certain medications. Symptoms may include bone pain, fractures, and deformities.

Treatment for calcium metabolism disorders depends on the underlying cause of the condition. It may involve supplements, medication, dietary changes, or surgery. Proper diagnosis and management are essential to prevent complications such as kidney stones, bone fractures, and neurological damage.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "geological phenomena" is not a term typically used in medical definitions. Geological phenomena refer to natural processes and features related to the earth's physical structure, composition, and the various changes it undergoes over time. This could include things like volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, rock formations, or the formation of fossil fuels. If you have a term that you would like me to provide a medical definition for, I'd be happy to help!

A cloaca is a common cavity or channel in some animals, including many birds and reptiles, that serves as the combined endpoint for the digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems. Feces, urine, and in some cases, eggs are all expelled through this single opening. In humans and other mammals, these systems have separate openings. Anatomical anomalies can result in a human born with a cloaca, which is very rare and typically requires surgical correction.

Alginates are a type of polysaccharide derived from brown algae or produced synthetically, which have gelling and thickening properties. In medical context, they are commonly used as a component in wound dressings, dental impressions, and bowel cleansing products. The gels formed by alginates can provide a protective barrier to wounds, help maintain a moist environment, and promote healing. They can also be used to create a mold of the mouth or other body parts in dental and medical applications. In bowel cleansing, sodium alginates are often combined with sodium bicarbonate and water to form a solution that expands and stimulates bowel movements, helping to prepare the colon for procedures such as colonoscopy.

The Balkan Peninsula, also known as the Balkans, is a geographical region located in southeastern Europe. It is surrounded by the Adriatic Sea to the west, the Ionian Sea to the southwest, the Aegean Sea to the south and the Black Sea to the east. The peninsula is made up of several countries including Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, Slovenia, and parts of Greece and Romania.

The Balkan Peninsula has a diverse landscape with mountain ranges, rivers, and coastlines. It is home to a variety of cultures, languages, and religions, making it a unique and complex region in Europe. The term "Balkanization" was coined based on the political fragmentation that occurred in this region during the 19th and 20th centuries.

Osseointegration is a direct structural and functional connection between living bone and the surface of an implant. It's a process where the bone grows in and around the implant, which is typically made of titanium or another biocompatible material. This process provides a solid foundation for dental prosthetics, such as crowns, bridges, or dentures, or for orthopedic devices like artificial limbs. The success of osseointegration depends on various factors, including the patient's overall health, the quality and quantity of available bone, and the surgical technique used for implant placement.

Optical imaging is a non-invasive medical imaging technique that uses light to capture images of internal structures and processes within the body. This method often involves the use of endoscopes, microscopes, or specialized cameras to visualize targeted areas, such as organs, tissues, or cells. Optical imaging can be used for various diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including monitoring disease progression, guiding surgical procedures, and studying biological functions at the cellular level. Different optical imaging techniques include reflectance imaging, fluorescence imaging, bioluminescence imaging, and optical coherence tomography (OCT).

In summary, optical imaging is a versatile and non-ionizing medical imaging technique that utilizes light to visualize internal body structures and processes for diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

Radioactive waste is defined in the medical context as any material that contains radioactive nuclides in sufficient concentrations or for such durations that it is considered a threat to human health and the environment. It includes materials ranging from used hospital supplies, equipment, and substances contaminated with radionuclides, to liquids and gases released during the reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel.

Radioactive waste can be classified into two main categories:

1. Exempt waste: Waste that does not require long-term management as a radioactive waste due to its low activity and short half-life.
2. Radioactive waste: Waste that requires long-term management as a radioactive waste due to its higher activity or longer half-life, which can pose a threat to human health and the environment for many years.

Radioactive waste management is a critical aspect of nuclear medicine and radiation safety, with regulations in place to ensure proper handling, storage, transportation, and disposal of such materials.

Divalent cations are ions that carry a positive charge of +2. They are called divalent because they have two positive charges. Common examples of divalent cations include calcium (Ca²+), magnesium (Mg²+), and iron (Fe²+). These ions play important roles in various biological processes, such as muscle contraction, nerve impulse transmission, and bone metabolism. They can also interact with certain drugs and affect their absorption, distribution, and elimination in the body.

Intestinal absorption refers to the process by which the small intestine absorbs water, nutrients, and electrolytes from food into the bloodstream. This is a critical part of the digestive process, allowing the body to utilize the nutrients it needs and eliminate waste products. The inner wall of the small intestine contains tiny finger-like projections called villi, which increase the surface area for absorption. Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream through the walls of the capillaries in these villi, and then transported to other parts of the body for use or storage.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Funeral Rites" is not a term that has a specific medical definition. Funeral rites generally refer to the customs, practices, and rituals associated with paying respects to the dead and disposing of their remains in a culturally or religiously significant manner. These practices can vary widely between different cultures, societies, and religious groups. If you have any questions related to medical terminology or health-related topics, I'd be happy to try to help answer those for you!

Octopodiformes is a taxonomic order that includes two main groups: octopuses (Octopoda) and vampire squids (Vampyroteuthis infernalis). This grouping is based on similarities in their fossil record and molecular data. Although they are commonly referred to as squids, vampire squids are not true squids, which belong to a different order called Teuthida.

Octopodiformes are characterized by several features, including:

1. A highly developed brain and complex nervous system.
2. Eight arms with suckers, but no tentacles.
3. The ability to change their skin color and texture for camouflage.
4. Three hearts that pump blood through their bodies.
5. Blue blood due to the copper-based protein hemocyanin.
6. A siphon used for jet propulsion and other functions, such as waste expulsion and mating.
7. Ink sacs for defense against predators.

Octopuses are known for their intelligence, problem-solving abilities, and short lifespans (usually less than two years). Vampire squids, on the other hand, live in deep ocean environments and have a unique feeding strategy that involves filtering organic matter from the water. They can also produce bioluminescent displays to confuse predators.

It is important to note that while Octopodiformes is a well-supported taxonomic group, there is still ongoing research and debate about the relationships among cephalopods (the class that includes octopuses, squids, cuttlefish, and nautiluses) and their classification.

Parthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction in which offspring develop from unfertilized eggs or ovums. It occurs naturally in some plant and insect species, as well as a few vertebrates such as reptiles and fish. Parthenogenesis does not involve the fusion of sperm and egg cells; instead, the development of offspring is initiated by some other trigger, such as a chemical or physical stimulus. This type of reproduction results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent organism. In humans and other mammals, parthenogenesis is not a natural occurrence and would require scientific intervention to induce.

Atomic spectrophotometry is a type of analytical technique used to determine the concentration of specific atoms or ions in a sample by measuring the intensity of light absorbed or emitted at wavelengths characteristic of those atoms or ions. This technique involves the use of an atomic spectrometer, which uses a source of energy (such as a flame, plasma, or electrode) to excite the atoms or ions in the sample, causing them to emit light at specific wavelengths. The intensity of this emitted light is then measured and used to calculate the concentration of the element of interest.

Atomic spectrophotometry can be further divided into two main categories: atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) and atomic emission spectrophotometry (AES). In AAS, the sample is atomized in a flame or graphite furnace and the light from a lamp that emits light at the same wavelength as one of the elements in the sample is passed through the atoms. The amount of light absorbed by the atoms is then measured and used to determine the concentration of the element. In AES, the sample is atomized and excited to emit its own light, which is then measured and analyzed to determine the concentration of the element.

Atomic spectrophotometry is widely used in various fields such as environmental monitoring, clinical chemistry, forensic science, and industrial quality control for the determination of trace elements in a variety of sample types including liquids, solids, and gases.

A "Radioactive Hazard Release" is defined in medical and environmental health terms as an uncontrolled or accidental release of radioactive material into the environment, which can pose significant risks to human health and the ecosystem. This can occur due to various reasons such as nuclear accidents, improper handling or disposal of radioactive sources, or failure of radiation-generating equipment.

The released radioactive materials can contaminate air, water, and soil, leading to both external and internal exposure pathways. External exposure occurs through direct contact with the skin or by inhaling radioactive particles, while internal exposure happens when radioactive substances are ingested or inhaled and become deposited within the body.

The health effects of radioactive hazard release depend on several factors, including the type and amount of radiation released, the duration and intensity of exposure, and the sensitivity of the exposed individuals. Potential health impacts range from mild radiation sickness to severe diseases such as cancer and genetic mutations, depending on the level and length of exposure.

Prompt identification, assessment, and management of radioactive hazard releases are crucial to minimize potential health risks and protect public health.

Chemical terrorism is the use or threatened use of chemicals, typically in the form of toxic gases or liquids, with the intent to cause harm, death, disruption, or fear among a population. This type of terrorism falls under the broader category of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and can pose significant risks to public health and safety. Chemical agents used in terrorist attacks can range from industrial chemicals that are easily accessible, such as chlorine and ammonia, to more sophisticated and deadly nerve agents like sarin and VX. The effects of chemical terrorism can be immediate and catastrophic, causing mass casualties and long-term health consequences for survivors. Preparation, response, and recovery efforts require a coordinated effort among local, state, and federal agencies, as well as the medical community, to effectively mitigate the impact of such attacks.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "terrorism" is not a term that has a specific medical definition. It is a concept that is typically defined within the contexts of criminal law, international relations, and political science. Generally, terrorism refers to the use of violence or threat of violence, especially against civilians, in the pursuit of political, religious, or ideological objectives. If you have any questions related to medicine or health, I'd be happy to try to help answer those for you!

Arsenic is a naturally occurring semi-metal element that can be found in the earth's crust. It has the symbol "As" and atomic number 33 on the periodic table. Arsenic can exist in several forms, including inorganic and organic compounds. In its pure form, arsenic is a steel-gray, shiny solid that is brittle and easily pulverized.

Arsenic is well known for its toxicity to living organisms, including humans. Exposure to high levels of arsenic can cause various health problems, such as skin lesions, neurological damage, and an increased risk of cancer. Arsenic can enter the body through contaminated food, water, or air, and it can also be absorbed through the skin.

In medicine, arsenic has been used historically in the treatment of various diseases, including syphilis and parasitic infections. However, its use as a therapeutic agent is limited due to its toxicity. Today, arsenic trioxide is still used as a chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), a type of blood cancer. The drug works by inducing differentiation and apoptosis (programmed cell death) in APL cells, which contain a specific genetic abnormality. However, its use is closely monitored due to the potential for severe side effects and toxicity.

A Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) refers to a large supply of medicines and medical supplies that are prepositioned by a government to ensure rapid response to public health emergencies, including bioterrorist attacks, epidemics, and natural disasters. The SNS is designed to supplement and expand state and local public health resources during a crisis, providing necessary medical countermeasures to protect the health and safety of the population.

The specific composition of the stockpile may vary depending on the nature of the threat but typically includes vaccines, antitoxins, antibiotics, antiviral drugs, diagnostic tests, personal protective equipment (PPE), and other medical supplies. The SNS is managed and maintained by a central government agency, such as the Department of Health and Human Services in the United States, and is regularly reviewed and updated to ensure its effectiveness in addressing emerging threats.

... metal burns in air to produce both strontium oxide and strontium nitride, but since it does not react with nitrogen ... While natural strontium (which is mostly the isotope strontium-88) is stable, the synthetic strontium-90 is radioactive and is ... Strontium also bioaccumulates in the body. Despite restrictions on strontium ranelate, strontium is still contained in some ... Strontium is the chemical element with the symbol Sr and atomic number 38. An alkaline earth metal, strontium is a soft silver- ...
... is an oxide of strontium and titanium with the chemical formula SrTiO3. At room temperature, it is a ... An electron micrograph of strontium titanate, as artwork entitled "Strontium" at the DeYoung Museum in San Francisco (CS1 ... Beginning c. 1955, large quantities of strontium titanate were manufactured for this sole purpose. Strontium titanate was in ... Under extremely low oxygen partial pressure, strontium titanate decomposes via incongruent sublimation of strontium well below ...
It can be prepared by oxidizing strontium chlorate with hypochlorites. Strontium perchlorate forms a crystal structure in the ... Strontium perchlorate is a white powder or colorless crystals with the formula Sr(ClO4)2. It is a strong oxidizer which gives ... It can be used in pyrotechnics; however, usually the more common strontium nitrate is used. It is also used in Liquid Injection ... Hyoung, Jooeun; Lee, Hyeon Woo; Kim, So Jin; Shin, Hong Rim; Hong, Seung-Tae (2019). "Crystal structure of strontium ...
... absorbs carbon dioxide from the air to form strontium carbonate. Strontium hydroxide is a severe skin, eye ... Strontium hydroxide, Sr(OH)2, is a caustic alkali composed of one strontium ion and two hydroxide ions. It is synthesized by ... It may be used as a source of strontium ions when the chlorine from strontium chloride is undesirable. ... drop by drop to a solution of any soluble strontium salt, most commonly Sr(NO3)2 (strontium nitrate). The Sr(OH)2 will ...
... (90 Sr ) is a radioactive isotope of strontium produced by nuclear fission, with a half-life of 28.8 years. It ... The radioactive decay of strontium-90 generates a significant amount of heat, 0.95 W/g in the form of pure strontium metal or ... A study of the pond alga Closterium moniliferum using stable strontium found that varying the ratio of barium to strontium in ... Strontium-90 is not quite as likely as caesium-137 to be released as a part of a nuclear reactor accident because it is much ...
SrS + H2O + CO2 → SrCO3 + H2S SrS + Na2CO3 → SrCO3 + Na2S Strontium nitrate can also be prepared in this way. Strontium sulfide ... The compound is an intermediate in the conversion of strontium sulfate, the main strontium ore called celestite (or, more ... strontium carbonate: a mixture of strontium sulfide with either carbon dioxide gas or sodium carbonate leads to formation of a ... "Strontium and Strontium Compounds" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2002, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. doi:10.1002/ ...
... imparts a bright red colour in a flame test, showing the presence of strontium ions. It is used in flares and ... Alternatively strontium carbonate can also be used as strontium source. S r C O 3 + 2 H B r ⟶ S r B r 2 + H 2 O + C O 2 ↑ {\ ... Strontium bromide melts at 930 K (657 °C). Space-filling model of the packing of Sr2+ and Br− ions in α-SrBr2 Distorted square ... SrBr2 can be prepared from strontium hydroxide and hydrobromic acid. S r ( O H ) 2 + 2 H B r ⟶ S r B r 2 + 2 H 2 O {\ ...
The current list of Strontium Dog plays includes: 3. Strontium Dog: Down to Earth by Jonathan Clements 10. Strontium Dog: Fire ... The first Strontium Dog stories in Starlord and 2000 AD were said to be set in the year 2180. During the Strontium Dog series ... Strontium Dog profile from 2000 AD website Strontium Dogs profile from 2000 AD website Tales From the Doghouse profile from ... strontium-90). The mutants of Strontium Dog differ from the usual depiction of mutants in American comics, such as those ...
... is a precursor to other compounds of strontium, such as yellow strontium chromate, strontium carbonate, and ... Strontium chloride can be prepared by treating aqueous strontium hydroxide or strontium carbonate with hydrochloric acid: Sr(OH ... Strontium chloride (SrCl2) is a salt of strontium and chloride. It is a 'typical' salt, forming neutral aqueous solutions. As ... The radioactive isotope strontium-89, used for the treatment of bone cancer, is usually administered in the form of strontium ...
The strontium unit is a unit used to measure the amount of radioactivity from strontium-90, a radionuclide found in nuclear ... One strontium unit is equal to one picocurie from strontium-90 per gram of calcium (37 becquerels per kilogram) in the ... The average American is estimated to have three to four strontium units. The strontium unit was formerly known briefly as the ... The United States National Academy of Sciences holds that the maximum safe measure of strontium-90 in a person is one hundred ...
... is a chemical compound, with the formula Sr(ClO3)2. It is a strong oxidizing agent. Strontium chlorate is ... with a small quantity of strontium hypochlorite also being produced. PubChem Konigel-Weisberg, J. (1 January 1879). "Ueber die ... Strontium compounds, All stub articles, Inorganic compound stubs). ... created by warming a solution of strontium hydroxide, and adding chlorine to it, which subsequent crystallization. Chlorine has ...
... can be prepared by reducing strontium selenate with hydrogen at 600 °C. It can also be produced by reacting ... Strontium selenide crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system with space group Fm3m. It has a NaCl structure. It ... ISBN 5-217-02932-3. Predel, B. (1998), Madelung, O. (ed.), "Se-Sr (Selenium-Strontium)", Pu-Re - Zn-Zr, Landolt-Börnstein - ... Mabel K. Slattery (1925-03-01). "The Crystal Structure of Metallic Tellurium and Selenium and of Strontium and Barium Selenide ...
"Strontium Adopts a New Brand Identity". Hardware Zone. 25 August 2010. Retrieved 10 July 2011. "Strontium eyes Fortune 500 spot ... Strontium Technology serves an international network of distributors, resellers, retailers and OEM customers. Strontium ... with many of their integrated circuits incorporated into Strontium-branded memory. 2010 - Singapore Top 50 "Strontium enters ... "Strontium Starts Free Door-To-Door Warranty Service in India". CRN. 4 March 2014. Archived from the original on 16 August 2014 ...
... is produced by passing oxygen over heated strontium oxide. Upon heating in the absence of O2, it degrades to ... Strontium peroxide is an inorganic compound with the formula Sr O2 that exists in both anhydrous and octahydrate form, both of ... "Strontium Peroxide". American Elements. Retrieved March 7, 2019. Bernal, J. D.; D'yatlova, E.; Kasarnovskii, I.; Raikhstein, S ... Octahydrated strontium peroxide" Gazzetta Chimica Italiana (1932), 62, 444-56. Middleburgh, Simon C.; Lagerlof, Karl Peter D.; ...
... , Sr3N2, is produced by burning strontium metal in air (resulting in a mixture with strontium oxide) or in ... Like other metal nitrides, it reacts with water to give strontium hydroxide and ammonia: Sr3N2 + 6 H2O → 3 Sr(OH)2 + 2 NH3 ... Strontium compounds, All stub articles, Inorganic compound stubs). ...
... (SrI2) is a salt of strontium and iodine. It is an ionic, water-soluble, and deliquescent compound that can be ... Strontium iodide can be prepared by reacting strontium carbonate with hydroiodic acid: SrCO3 + 2 HI → SrI2 + H2O + CO2 ... At high temperatures (in the presence of air) strontium iodide completely decomposes to form strontium oxide and free iodine. ... In recent years, europium-doped strontium iodide (SrI2:Eu2+) has emerged as a promising scintillation material for gamma-ray ...
... (89 Sr ) is a radioactive isotope of strontium produced by nuclear fission, with a half-life of 50.57 days. It ... Strontium-89 has an application in medicine. Strontium-89 was first synthesized in 1937 by D. W. Stewart et al. at the ... and described the therapeutic use of strontium. Strontium belongs to the same periodic family as calcium (alkaline earth metals ... Isotopes of strontium Alpharadin, radium-223 with similar clinical use Delacroix, D.; Guerre, J. P.; Leblanc, P.; Hickman, C. ( ...
... , SrF2, also called strontium difluoride and strontium(II) fluoride, is a fluoride of strontium. It is a ... Strontium fluoride is prepared by the action of hydrofluoric acid on strontium carbonate. The solid adopts the fluorite ... Strontium". Archived from the original on 2005-12-14. Mediatopia Ltd. "Strontium Fluoride (SrF2) Optical Material". Crystran.co ... Strontium fluoride is used as an optical material for a small range of special applications, for example, as an optical coating ...
... or strontia, SrO, is formed when strontium reacts with oxygen. Burning strontium in air results in a mixture of ... Elemental strontium is formed when strontium oxide is heated with aluminium in a vacuum. Lide, David R. (1998). Handbook of ... Hansen, Tony, "SrO (Strontium Oxide, Strontia)", ceramic-materials.com v t e (Chemical pages without ChemSpiderID, Articles ... About 8% by weight of cathode ray tubes is strontium oxide, which has been the major use of strontium since 1970. Color ...
... is an inorganic chemical compound with the formula SrCrO4. Strontium chromate is prepared from strontium ... As a pigment used in oil painting named strontium yellow. "Strontium yellow". CAMEO database. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. 2022 ... Therefore, the yellow strontium chromate can be suspended in a hot solution of a soluble sulfate to digest until fully ... Strontium chromate is approximately 30 times more soluble in water at 100 °C than at room temperature. ...
... is a rarely considered chemical in the laboratory or in industries. It is, however, mentioned in the book ... Strontium bromate is toxic if ingested and irritates the skin and respiratory tract if come into contact with or inhaled, ... "Strontium Bromate". American Elements. Retrieved 25 July 2013. v t e (Chemical pages without ChemSpiderID, Articles without EBI ... Strontium compounds, Bromates, Inorganic compounds, Oxidizing agents, All stub articles, Inorganic compound stubs). ...
... (SrSO4) is the sulfate salt of strontium. It is a white crystalline powder and occurs in nature as the ... Strontium sulfate is of interest as a naturally occurring precursor to other strontium compounds, which are more useful. In ... J. Paul MacMillan, Jai Won Park, Rolf Gerstenberg, Heinz Wagner, Karl Köhler, Peter Wallbrecht "Strontium and Strontium ... Strontium sulfate is a polymeric material, isostructural with barium sulfate. Crystallized strontium sulfate is utilized by a ...
... is formed by reacting strontium hydroxide or strontium carbonate in acetic acid. "STRONTIUM ACETATE , 543-94- ... Strontium acetate is a compound of strontium. It is a white solid and is soluble in water like other acetates. It is used as a ... "Strontium Acetate". American Elements. "MFCD00036392 , C4H6O4Sr". ChemSpider. v t e (Articles without InChI source, Articles ... Strontium compounds, Acetates, All stub articles, Inorganic compound stubs). ...
... is an inorganic chemical compound with the formula Sr(N3)2. It is composed of the strontium cation (Sr2+) and ... Zhu, Weihua; Xu, Xiaojuan; Xiao, Heming (8 May 2007). "Electronic structure and optical properties of crystalline strontium ... Strontium compounds, Azides, Explosive chemicals, All stub articles, Inorganic compound stubs). ... the azide anions (N−3). Strontium azide crystallizes in an orthorhombic Fddd space group. ...
"Synthesis of strontium hexaboride powder by the reaction of strontium carbonate with boron carbide and carbon". Journal of ... Alternatively, a solid-phase synthesis of strontium boride can be carried out by reacting two moles of strontium carbonate with ... In his book The Electric Furnace, Henri Moissan describes an early synthesis of strontium boride by mixing strontium borate, ... Strontium boride is used in insulation and nuclear control rods. A recent patent filed for aircraft windows uses SrB6 ...
... can be prepared by combining strontium and hydrogen: Sr + H2 → SrH2 Strontium hydride reacts with water and ... Strontium hydride is an inorganic compound with a chemical formula SrH2. ... Ueber die Reindarstellung von Strontium und Strontiumhydrid und die Bestimmung des Dissoziationsdruckes des Hydrides (PDF) ( ... produces hydrogen and strontium hydroxide: SrH2 + 2 H2O → 2 H2 + Sr(OH)2 Beryllium hydride Magnesium hydride Calcium hydride ...
... is an inorganic compound composed of the elements strontium, nitrogen and oxygen with the formula Sr(NO3)2. ... Strontium nitrate is typically generated by the reaction of nitric acid on strontium carbonate. 2 HNO3 + SrCO3 → Sr(NO3)2 + H2O ... Strontium nitrate can aid in eliminating and lessening skin irritations. When mixed with glycolic acid, strontium nitrate ... CO2 Like many other strontium salts, strontium nitrate is used to produce a rich red flame in fireworks and road flares. The ...
... may refer to two compounds: Monostrontium ruthenate, SrRuO3, a ferromagnetic perovskite. Distrontium ... Strontium compounds, Ruthenium(IV) compounds, Transition metal oxides). ...
... is insoluble in water and has an approximate pH of 8(very slightly basic). Strontium aluminate cement can ... The use of strontium aluminate cements is limited by the availability of the raw materials. Strontium aluminates have been ... It can be prepared by sintering of a blend of strontium oxide or strontium carbonate with alumina in a roughly equimolar ratio ... Reusable and non-toxic glow stick alternatives are now being developed using strontium aluminate particles. Cubic strontium ...
... is a metal-organic compound, a salt of strontium and stearic acid with the chemical formula C 36H 70SrO 4. ... "Strontium Stearate - CAS No. 10196-69-7 - World Metal, Stafford TX". worldmetalllc.com. Retrieved 28 February 2023. "STRONTIUM ... Strontium stearate is used in grease and wax compounding. It is also used as a lubricant to improve the flow characteristics of ... A reaction of strontium hydroxide with stearic acid. The compound forms white powder. Insoluble in alcohol, soluble (forms gel ...
Strontium metal burns in air to produce both strontium oxide and strontium nitride, but since it does not react with nitrogen ... While natural strontium (which is mostly the isotope strontium-88) is stable, the synthetic strontium-90 is radioactive and is ... Strontium also bioaccumulates in the body. Despite restrictions on strontium ranelate, strontium is still contained in some ... Strontium is the chemical element with the symbol Sr and atomic number 38. An alkaline earth metal, strontium is a soft silver- ...
In children, high levels of stable strontium can impair bone growth. High levels of radioactive strontium can cause anemia or ... Strontium has been found at 101 of the 1,585 National Priority List sites identified by the Environmental Protection Agency ( ... Exposure to stable or radioactive strontium occurs from ingesting contaminated food or drinking water or breathing contaminated ... Naturally occurring strontium is not radioactive and is either referred to as stable strontium or strontium. Strontium in the ...
Information on arsenic, a potential agent for chemical terrorism. Provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
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This WebElements periodic table page contains radii of atoms and ions for the element strontium ... Strontium - 38Sr Your user agent does not support the HTML5 Audio element. 🔊 ... Table: valence shell orbital radii for strontium.. Orbital. Radius [/pm]. Radius [/AU]. Periodicity link. ... This table shows Pauling radii for strontium. Ion. Pauling radius / pm. Periodicity link. ...
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Author adminCategories Time and FrequencyTags absorption, experiment, laser, movie, strontium One thought on "Strontium Blues" ... Strontium Blues. Weve been playing with a blue laser at 461 nm in the lab lately. If tuned to just the right frequency ( ... wavelength) neutral Strontium atoms will strongly absorb the laser light. Shortly (5 nanoseconds) after that the atoms emit at ...
  • Due to its high melting point and insolubility, strontium titanate has been used as a strontium-90-containing material in radioisotope thermoelectric generators. (lookchem.com)
  • Strontium titanate is a wide gap oxide perovskite that has been studied for numerous applications. (umass.edu)
  • We present a study of thermal Hall conductivity in strontium titanate, a non-magnetic insulator known to be a quantum paralectric. (aps.org)
  • Strontium titanate is a material of considerable interest for electronic applications. (uab.edu)
  • A recent study revealed that strontium titanate (STO) annealed in strontium oxide (SrO) powder exhibits large persistent photoconductivity (PPC) after exposed to sub-bandgap light of 2.9 eV or higher. (uab.edu)
  • In particular, strontium titanate (STO) with perovskite structure exhibits advantageous dielectric, piezoelectric, and ferroelectric properties that can be observed at low temperatures. (uab.edu)
  • Strontium titanate with the general formula ABO3 has a simple cubic perovskite structure at room temperature, consisting of a simple cubic lattice of 8 strontium atoms occupying each corner, 6 oxygen atoms at the face center, and 1 titanium atom at the body center as seen in Fig. 1. (uab.edu)
  • Using density functional theory and nonlinear vibrational spectroscopy, we present a method to determine the interfacial Brønsted-Lowry acidity of aliphatic alcohols adsorbed on the (100) surface of the model perovskite, strontium titanate. (rsc.org)
  • 1.25ct marquise cut lab created Fabulite™ Strontium Titanate and 1.20ctw round white zircon, rhodium over sterling silver ring. (jtv.com)
  • If you are looking for an intense sparkle that won't go unnoticed, Fabulite™ Strontium Titanate is the jewel for you. (jtv.com)
  • JTV has one of the largest Fabulite™ Strontium Titanate jewelry assortments available in the U.S. in both sterling silver and 10 karat gold. (jtv.com)
  • Look fabulous without spending a fortune when you add Fabulite™ Strontium Titanate to your jewelry collection. (jtv.com)
  • As its name implies, strontium titanate, also known as Fabulite, is an oxide combination of strontium and titanium. (jtv.com)
  • While strontium titanate was originally believed to only be available via laboratory creation, it was discovered in natural form in the 1980's in Siberia and named tausonite in honor of a Russian geochemist. (jtv.com)
  • In 2002, AOR introduced the world's first supplemental strontium citrate for those with osteoporosis, osteopenia, post-menopausal women and those at an increased risk of bone fractures. (purepharmacy.com)
  • Strontium (citrate) 341mg. (purepharmacy.com)
  • Strontium metal burns in air to produce both strontium oxide and strontium nitride, but since it does not react with nitrogen below 380 °C, at room temperature it forms only the oxide spontaneously. (wikipedia.org)
  • Besides the simple oxide SrO, the peroxide SrO2 can be made by direct oxidation of strontium metal under a high pressure of oxygen, and there is some evidence for a yellow superoxide Sr(O2)2. (wikipedia.org)
  • 1. Strontium titanium oxide is used in tunable microwave capacitors, flat panel displays, field emission displays, microwave solitons, PTC thermistors and varistors, magnetic field insensitive thermometers, ultralow-temperature scanning microscopes, semiconductive ceramics, pyroelectric far-infrared detectors and in alloy and catalyst applications. (lookchem.com)
  • Strontium is intermediate between calcium and barium in its reactivity toward water, with which it reacts on contact to produce strontium hydroxide and hydrogen gas. (wikipedia.org)
  • Strontium hydroxide, Sr(OH)2, is a strong base, though it is not as strong as the hydroxides of barium or the alkali metals. (wikipedia.org)
  • The only stable strontium compound that may cause cancer is strontium chromate, but this is due to chromium not strontium. (cdc.gov)
  • German team measures effect of temperature on strontium atoms, cutting measurement uncertainty by order of magnitude. (optics.org)
  • Split-second accuracy: vacuum chamber where strontium atoms are held. (optics.org)
  • An optical clock based on neutral strontium atoms is considered to be a leading candidates for definition a "new" second. (optics.org)
  • Its definition would then no longer be based on the interaction of microwave radiation with caesium atoms, but on the interaction of optical radiation with strontium atoms or ions. (optics.org)
  • In an optical strontium clock, a cloud of neutral strontium atoms is cooled down in two steps by means of laser radiation until the atoms finally exhibit a speed of only a few centimeters per second. (optics.org)
  • If tuned to just the right frequency (wavelength) neutral Strontium atoms will strongly absorb the laser light. (anderswallin.net)
  • While natural strontium (which is mostly the isotope strontium-88) is stable, the synthetic strontium-90 is radioactive and is one of the most dangerous components of nuclear fallout, as strontium is absorbed by the body in a similar manner to calcium. (wikipedia.org)
  • Exposure to stable or radioactive strontium occurs from ingesting contaminated food or drinking water or breathing contaminated air. (cdc.gov)
  • High levels of radioactive strontium can cause anemia or cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • Radioactive strontium generates beta particles as it decays. (cdc.gov)
  • You can be exposed to low levels of stable strontium and radioactive strontium by breathing air, eating food, or drinking water. (cdc.gov)
  • You can be exposed to radioactive strontium if you eat food that was grown in contaminated soil, or if you come near a source of radioactive strontium. (cdc.gov)
  • Breathing or ingesting low levels of radioactive strontium have not been shown to affect health. (cdc.gov)
  • High levels of radioactive strontium can damage bone marrow and cause anemia and prevent the blood from clotting properly. (cdc.gov)
  • Exposure to high levels of radioactive strontium may cause cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • Leukemia has been seen in humans exposed to relatively large amounts of radioactive strontium. (cdc.gov)
  • The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has determined that radioactive strontium is a human carcinogen. (cdc.gov)
  • Birth defects have been observed in animals exposed to radioactive strontium. (cdc.gov)
  • Children may be more susceptible than adults to the harmful effects of radioactive strontium. (cdc.gov)
  • strontium-90 ( a radioactive strontium not related or used for humans). (qvc.com)
  • Strontium has physical and chemical properties similar to those of its two vertical neighbors in the periodic table, calcium and barium. (wikipedia.org)
  • Strontium is an alkaline earth element in Group IIA of the periodic table. (cdc.gov)
  • Her love for the creative arts points to the Silver series in the Periodic Table, together with her lack of confidence, marked passivity, and being conscious of how she looks to others indicate the second stage in the Periodic Table, which is Strontium. (interhomeopathy.org)
  • Strontium is a divalent silvery metal with a pale yellow tint whose properties are mostly intermediate between and similar to those of its group neighbors calcium and barium. (wikipedia.org)
  • barium continues this downward trend in the melting point (727 °C), but not in the boiling point (1900 °C). The density of strontium (2.64 g/cm3) is similarly intermediate between those of calcium (1.54 g/cm3) and barium (3.594 g/cm3). (wikipedia.org)
  • The large size of strontium and barium plays a significant part in stabilising strontium complexes with polydentate macrocyclic ligands such as crown ethers: for example, while 18-crown-6 forms relatively weak complexes with calcium and the alkali metals, its strontium and barium complexes are much stronger. (wikipedia.org)
  • Having a balanced diet with sufficient amounts of vitamin D, calcium, and protein will reduce the amount of strontium that is absorbed. (cdc.gov)
  • In that study, researchers in Europe and Australia randomly assigned 1,649 women age 50 and older who had at least one vertebral fracture due to osteoporosis to take calcium plus vitamin D and two grams of strontium ranelate or just calcium and vitamin D without the drug. (qvc.com)
  • Strontium and calcium are metals. (qvc.com)
  • Strontium reacts with calcium receptors in the formation of collagen to make bone tissue strong. (qvc.com)
  • Strontium is heavier than calcium so when strontium is incorporated into bone tissue it only appears to increase bone density when in fact no new bone tissue has formed. (qvc.com)
  • Strontium is an important mineral for bone health and it is found in most foods where calcium is found. (purepharmacy.com)
  • While supplements like calcium, vitamin D and vitamin K maintain bone health, and conventional bone drugs reduce bone degradation, strontium actually helps rebuild bone. (purepharmacy.com)
  • Since strontium is similar in molecular structure to calcium, it is thought to activate the calcium receptors in the bone, stimulating the building of new bone and telling the body to use calcium effectively in bone tissue, while inhibiting bone breakdown. (purepharmacy.com)
  • Strontium Support II is an excellent addition to calcium supplementation for those with osteoporosis or osteopenia, post-menopausal women or those at an increased risk of bone fractures. (purepharmacy.com)
  • Adults 50 years of age and over: Take 1 or 2 capsules daily on an empty stomach, at least two hours before or after consuming food, calcium or milk since these can significantly reduce strontium absorption if taken together. (purepharmacy.com)
  • In terms of technological innovation, not only has a municipal-level R&D center, but as a national-level high-tech enterprise, the core products of strontium chloride, strontium nitrate, high-purity strontium carbonate, and high-purity barium carbonate have a number of independent intellectual property rights such as invention patents and utility model patents. (justilien.com)
  • Carbonate Of Strontia, Stronticum carb, Stront-c. (abchomeopathy.com)
  • Strontium carbonate is mainly used in the fields of electronics, magnetic materials, fluorescent materials and military products. (justilien.com)
  • Strontium ions are known to reduce bone resorption, induce osteoblastic activity and thus stimulate bone formation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Organostrontium compounds contain one or more strontium-carbon bonds. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although strontium is in the same group as magnesium, and organomagnesium compounds are very commonly used throughout chemistry, organostrontium compounds are not similarly widespread because they are more difficult to make and more reactive. (wikipedia.org)
  • Because of its extreme reactivity with oxygen and water, strontium occurs naturally only in compounds with other elements, such as in the minerals strontianite and celestine. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some strontium compounds dissolve in water. (cdc.gov)
  • Some strontium compounds in soil can dissolve in water and move deeper in the soil to underground water. (cdc.gov)
  • The chemical information for elemental strontium and some of its compounds is listed in Table 4-1. (cdc.gov)
  • The physical properties of strontium metal and selected strontium compounds are listed in Table 4-2. (cdc.gov)
  • 1.1 This test method covers the determination of dissolved and total recoverable strontium in water and wastewater by atomic absorption spectroscopy. (astm.org)
  • The drug you no doubt read about is strontium ranelate, a combination of the mineral strontium with ranelic acid. (qvc.com)
  • Use of strontium ranelate to strengthen bone and prevent fractures has been escalating since the positive results of a three-year clinical trial were published in the January 29, 2004 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine . (qvc.com)
  • Since then at least one other study has shown that strontium ranelate reduces the risk of non-vertebral fractures, including hip fractures. (qvc.com)
  • Strontium ranelate is not yet approved by the FDA for treatment or prevention of osteoporosis in the United States. (qvc.com)
  • I just checked on Amazon and they have several Strontium products for bone strength, but no strontium ranelate. (qvc.com)
  • To estimate the cost-effectiveness of strontium ranelate in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporotic women aged over 75 years. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • A validated Markov microsimulation model with a Belgian payer's perspective estimated the cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) of a 3-year strontium ranelate treatment compared with no treatment and with the bisphosphonate risedronate. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • Strontium ranelate was dominant (i.e. more effective and less costly) versus risedronate for women with osteoporosis aged over 75 years and for women with PVF aged 80 years. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • The cost per QALY gained of strontium ranelate compared with risedronate at 75 years of age was euro 11,435 for women with PVF. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • Probabilistic sensitivity analyses showed that strontium ranelate was generally more cost-effective than risedronate, in the range of 60% in all cases. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • The results of this study suggest that strontium ranelate is a cost-effective strategy, in a Belgian setting, for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporotic women aged over 75 years. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • Naturally occurring strontium is not radioactive and is either referred to as stable strontium or strontium. (cdc.gov)
  • However, strontium is not involved in making new bone tissue but it makes it stronger by strengthening the bonds between silica and collagen. (qvc.com)
  • Natural stable strontium, on the other hand, is not hazardous to health. (wikipedia.org)
  • In children, high levels of stable strontium can impair bone growth. (cdc.gov)
  • Strontium in the environment exists in four stable isotopes, 84 Sr (read as strontium eighty-four), 86 Sr, 87 Sr, 88 Sr. (cdc.gov)
  • Exposure to low levels of stable strontium has not been shown to affect adult health, but may harm children (see following section). (cdc.gov)
  • Exposure to high levels of stable strontium can result in impaired bone growth in children. (cdc.gov)
  • All people have small amounts of stable strontium in their bodies. (cdc.gov)
  • Radioactive isotopes of strontium (e.g., 89Sr and 90Sr, see Section 4.2) are the primary cause of concern with regard to human health (see Chapter 3). (cdc.gov)
  • The percent occurrence of strontium isotopes and the radiologic properties of strontium isotopes are listed in Table 4-3. (cdc.gov)
  • There are 26 isotopes of strontium, 4 of which occur naturally. (cdc.gov)
  • CAS # 21028-48-8, Magnesium Strontium Phosphate: more information. (chemblink.com)
  • Nature''s Life® Strontium is a naturally occurring mineral present in water and food. (ralphs.com)
  • AOR's Strontium Support II comes in two sizes and provides an effective dose of this bone health powerhouse in a convenient two capsule-a-day formula. (purepharmacy.com)
  • Trace amounts of strontium are found in the human skeleton. (ralphs.com)
  • Strontium is a trace mineral found primarily in the human skeleton. (vitacost.com)
  • Strontium is a trace mineral important for normal bone structure by supporting normal osteoclast activity. (acuatlanta.net)
  • The trace mineral strontium supports normal bone structure by promoting normal osteoblast activity while maintaining normal osteoclast activity. (acuatlanta.net)
  • Founded in 2002 in Singapore, Strontium is one of the many memory manufacturers who have turned to SSDs to expand their product portfolio and increase revenues. (anandtech.com)
  • Strontium can exist in two oxidation states: 0 and +2. (cdc.gov)
  • We do not know if exposure to strontium will result in birth defects or other developmental effects in people. (cdc.gov)
  • The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility and osteoconductive in surgical defects filled with spheres of nano-hydroxyapatite containing strontium 1% (nano-SrHA), nano-hydroxyapatite stoichiometric (nano-HA) when compared to the blood clot (control). (bvsalud.org)
  • An alkaline earth metal, strontium is a soft silver-white yellowish metallic element that is highly chemically reactive. (wikipedia.org)
  • Human studies have shown the supplementation with strontium containing products helps support normal bone structure, including hip bones and vertebrae. (acuatlanta.net)
  • The medicines below all contain the following active ingredient(s): strontium. (healthdirect.gov.au)
  • abstract = "The contact resistance of strontium-doped lanthanum manganite (LSM) contact pairs is investigated by polarisation analysis at different temperatures and atmospheres.The ceramic contacts have a high contact resistance, and strongly nonlinear current-voltage behaviour is observed at low temperatures. (dtu.dk)
  • Three allotropes of metallic strontium exist, with transition points at 235 and 540 °C.[citation needed] The standard electrode potential for the Sr2+/Sr couple is −2.89 V, approximately midway between those of the Ca2+/Ca (−2.84 V) and Ba2+/Ba (−2.92 V) couples, and close to those of the neighboring alkali metals. (wikipedia.org)
  • Below are the main rubriks (i.e strongest indications or symptoms) of Strontium Carbonicum in traditional homeopathic usage , not approved by the FDA. (abchomeopathy.com)
  • Here we report on a new absolute frequency measurement of the NRC's strontium ion atomic clock reference transition using the GPS PPP method. (ion.org)
  • Jian, Bin, Dubé, Pierre, Gertsvolf, Marina, "Absolute Frequency Measurement of the NRC's Strontium ion Clock Using the GPS PPP Method," Proceedings of the 52nd Annual Precise Time and Time Interval Systems and Applications Meeting , January 2021, pp. 236-249. (ion.org)
  • Strontium told me that after long-term evaluation they decided to go with a proven, high-quality product and focus their resources on other aspects such as validation and marketing. (anandtech.com)
  • The diastolic blood pressure in the high strontium water group(84.74±5.49 mmHg) was significantly lower than that of the model control group (92.21±10.08 mmHg). (bvsalud.org)
  • Food and drinking water are the largest sources of exposure to strontium. (cdc.gov)
  • How can families reduce the risk of exposure to strontium? (cdc.gov)
  • Esomeprazole strontium decreases exposure to the active metabolite of clopidogrel. (nih.gov)
  • A recently published study showed that strontium was not only safe to take over the course of 10 years, but also that it continued to reduce the risk of osteoporotic fractures throughout this time period. (purepharmacy.com)
  • In air, strontium is present as dust, which eventually settles over land and water. (cdc.gov)
  • Effect of strontium in drinking water on blood pressure and inflammatory function in hypertension mice]. (bvsalud.org)
  • To explore the effect of strontium in drinking water on blood pressure in hypertensive mice and its possible mechanism. (bvsalud.org)
  • Eighty hypertensive mice were randomly divided into model control group (n=20), 2.5 mg/L strontium water group(n=20), 5.0 mg/L strontium water group(n=20) and 10.0 mg/L strontium water group(n=20). (bvsalud.org)
  • This fact sheet answers the most frequently asked health questions about strontium. (cdc.gov)
  • How can strontium affect my health? (cdc.gov)
  • These tests cannot determine the exact levels of strontium you may have been exposed to or predict how the levels in your tissues will affect your health. (cdc.gov)
  • Strontium didn't go into detail about their validation methods but they told me that they verify that the products they ship perform to the spec provided by the actual manufacturer (including reliability tests). (anandtech.com)
  • Magnet Materials: Oftentimes ultra-small magnets are limited to bonded magnetic products, but now Dura can deliver miniature, fully dense Neodymium Iron Boron (Neo), Samarium Cobalt (SmCo), and Strontium Ferrite (Ceramic). (duramag.com)
  • Strontium has been found in at least 102 of the 1,636 National Priority List sites identified by the Environmental Protection Agency. (cdc.gov)
  • A team of European researchers, using data from the X-shooter instrument on ESO's Very Large Telescope, has found signatures of strontium formed in a neutron-star merger. (eso.org)
  • One of the radioactive properties of strontium is half-life, or the time it takes for half of the isotope to give off its radiation and change into another substance. (cdc.gov)