Streptomycin
Dihydrostreptomycin Sulfate
Streptomyces griseus
Drug Resistance, Microbial
Kanamycin
Spectinomycin
R Factors
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Ethambutol
An antitubercular agent that inhibits the transfer of mycolic acids into the cell wall of the tubercle bacillus. It may also inhibit the synthesis of spermidine in mycobacteria. The action is usually bactericidal, and the drug can penetrate human cell membranes to exert its lethal effect. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p863)
Antitubercular Agents
Drugs used in the treatment of tuberculosis. They are divided into two main classes: "first-line" agents, those with the greatest efficacy and acceptable degrees of toxicity used successfully in the great majority of cases; and "second-line" drugs used in drug-resistant cases or those in which some other patient-related condition has compromised the effectiveness of primary therapy.
Aminoglycosides
Escherichia coli
A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.
Rifampin
A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)
Neomycin
Isoniazid
Tetracycline
Chloramphenicol
An antibiotic first isolated from cultures of Streptomyces venequelae in 1947 but now produced synthetically. It has a relatively simple structure and was the first broad-spectrum antibiotic to be discovered. It acts by interfering with bacterial protein synthesis and is mainly bacteriostatic. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p106)
Drug Resistance, Bacterial
Gentamicins
Conjugation, Genetic
A parasexual process in BACTERIA; ALGAE; FUNGI; and ciliate EUKARYOTA for achieving exchange of chromosome material during fusion of two cells. In bacteria, this is a uni-directional transfer of genetic material; in protozoa it is a bi-directional exchange. In algae and fungi, it is a form of sexual reproduction, with the union of male and female gametes.
Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Integrons
Buruli Ulcer
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant
Tuberculosis resistant to chemotherapy with two or more ANTITUBERCULAR AGENTS, including at least ISONIAZID and RIFAMPICIN. The problem of resistance is particularly troublesome in tuberculous OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS associated with HIV INFECTIONS. It requires the use of second line drugs which are more toxic than the first line regimens. TB with isolates that have developed further resistance to at least three of the six classes of second line drugs is defined as EXTENSIVELY DRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS.
Enterococcus faecalis
Ampicillin
Mutation
Plasmids
Penicillins
A group of antibiotics that contain 6-aminopenicillanic acid with a side chain attached to the 6-amino group. The penicillin nucleus is the chief structural requirement for biological activity. The side-chain structure determines many of the antibacterial and pharmacological characteristics. (Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p1065)
Culture Media
Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.
Antibiotics, Antitubercular
Framycetin
Ribosomes
Streptomyces
Brucellosis
Streptococcus
DNA Transposable Elements
Discrete segments of DNA which can excise and reintegrate to another site in the genome. Most are inactive, i.e., have not been found to exist outside the integrated state. DNA transposable elements include bacterial IS (insertion sequence) elements, Tn elements, the maize controlling elements Ac and Ds, Drosophila P, gypsy, and pogo elements, the human Tigger elements and the Tc and mariner elements which are found throughout the animal kingdom.
Pharmacology
Salmonella typhimurium
Amidinotransferases
RNA, Bacterial
4-Butyrolactone
Mycobacterium ulcerans
Efflux-mediated aminoglycoside and macrolide resistance in Burkholderia pseudomallei. (1/1407)
Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, is intrinsically resistant to a wide range of antimicrobial agents including beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, macrolides, and polymyxins. We used Tn5-OT182 to mutagenize B. pseudomallei to identify the genes involved in aminoglycoside resistance. We report here on the identification of AmrAB-OprA, a multidrug efflux system in B. pseudomallei which is specific for both aminoglycoside and macrolide antibiotics. We isolated two transposon mutants, RM101 and RM102, which had 8- to 128-fold increases in their susceptibilities to the aminoglycosides streptomycin, gentamicin, neomycin, tobramycin, kanamycin, and spectinomycin. In addition, both mutants, in contrast to the parent, were susceptible to the macrolides erythromycin and clarithromycin but not to the lincosamide clindamycin. Sequencing of the DNA flanking the transposon insertions revealed a putative operon consisting of a resistance, nodulation, division-type transporter, a membrane fusion protein, an outer membrane protein, and a divergently transcribed regulatorprotein. Consistent with the presence of an efflux system, both mutants accumulated [3H] dihydro streptomycin, whereas the parent strain did not. We constructed an amr deletion strain, B. pseudomallei DD503, which was hypersusceptible to aminoglycosides and macrolides and which was used successfully in allelic exchange experiments. These results suggest that an efflux system is a major contributor to the inherent high-level aminoglycoside and macrolide resistance found in B. pseudomallei. (+info)The effect of streptomycin, oxytetracycline, tilmicosin and phenylbutazone on spermatogenesis in bulls. (2/1407)
To determine whether declining semen quality associated with health problems may be due to certain antibiotic or anti-inflammatory treatments, semen was collected 3 times per week for up to 42 d from 6 normal bulls after treatment with oxytetracycline, tilmicosin, dihydrostreptomycin, or phenylbutazone. No adverse effects on semen quality were observed. (+info)Enterococcal endocarditis: duration and mode of treatment. (3/1407)
This report summarizes data on sixteen patients with enterococcal endocarditis treated with penicillin and streptomycin. The experience reported suggests that a four week period is adequate for routine therapy in these patients, as in other forms of streptococcal endocarditis. It provides an additional group of patients successfully treated with penicillin and streptomycin. Two relapses were encountered. One of these received inadequate daily doses of penicillin. The other patient was clearly a failure of penicillin and streptomycin, but the failure in this instance could not be attributed to foreshortened treatment (6 weeks) or to high level streptomycin resistance of the infecting strain of Enterococcus. (+info)A five-year assessment of controlled trials of in-patient and out-patient treatment and of plaster-of-Paris jackets for tuberculosis of the spine in children on standard chemotherapy. Studies in Masan and Pusan, Korea. Fifth report of the Medical Research Council Working Party on tuberculosis of the spine. (4/1407)
In two centres in Korea 350 patients with a diagnosis of tuberculosis of the thoracic and/or lumbar spine were allocated at random: in Masan to in-patient rest in bed (IP) for six months followed by out-patient treatment or to ambulatory out-patient treatment (OP) from the start; in Pusan to out-patient treatment with a plaster-of-Paris jacket (J) for nine months or to ambulatory treatment without any support (No J). All patients recieved chemotherapy with PAS with isoniazid for eighteen months, either supplemented with streptomycin for the first three months (SPH) or without this supplement (PH), by random allocation. The main analysis of this report concerns 299 patients (eighty-three IP, eighty-three OP, sixty-three J, seventy No J; 143 SPH, 156 PH). Pre-treatment factors were similar in both centres except that the patients in Pusan had, on average, less extensive lesions although in a greater proportion the disease was radiographically active. One patient (J/SPH) died with active spinal disease and three (all No J/SPH) with paraplegia. A fifth patient (IP/PH) who died from cardio respiratory failure also had pulmonary tuberculosis. Twenty-three patients required operation and/or additional chemotherapy for the spinal lesion. A sinus or clinically evident abscess was either present initially or developed during treatment in 41 per cent of patients. Residual lesions persisted in ten patients (four IP, two OP, one J, three No J; six SPH, four PH) at five years. Thirty-two patients had paraparesis on admission or developing later. Complete resolution occurred in twenty on the allocated regimen and in eight after operation or additional chemotherapy or both. Of the remaining four atients, all of whom had operation and additional chemotherapy, three died and one still had paraparesis at five years. Of 295 patients assessed at five years 89 per cent had a favourable status. The proportions of the patients responding favourably were similar in the IP (91 per cent) and OP (89 per cent) series, in the J (90 per cent) and No J (84 per cent) series and in the SPH (86 per cent) and PH (92 per cent) series. (+info)In vitro activities of antibiotics alone and in combination against Brucella melitensis at neutral and acidic pHs. (5/1407)
Brucellae survive acidic pHs in phagolysosomes. Azithromycin, streptomycin, and quinolones were active against Brucella melitensis at pH 7.0 but not at pH 5.0; rifampin and doxycycline retained activity at pH 5.0. Regardless of pH, azithromycin-rifampin and ofloxacin-rifampin showed less synergy than established streptomycin-doxycycline and rifampin-doxycycline combinations. (+info)Estimation of growth rates of Escherichia coli BJ4 in streptomycin-treated and previously germfree mice by in situ rRNA hybridization. (6/1407)
The growth physiology of Escherichia coli during colonization of the intestinal tract was studied with four animal models: the streptomycin-treated mouse carrying a reduced microflora, the monoassociated mouse with no other microflora than the introduced strain, the conventionalized streptomycin-treated mouse, and the conventionalized monoassociated mouse harboring a full microflora. A 23S rRNA fluorescent oligonucleotide probe was used for hybridization to whole E. coli cells fixed directly after being taken from the animals, and the respective growth rates of E. coli BJ4 in the four animal models were estimated by correlating the cellular concentrations of ribosomes with the growth rate of the strain. The growth rates thus estimated from the ribosomal content of E. coli BJ4 in vivo did not differ in the streptomycin-treated and the monoassociated mice. After conventionalization there was a slight decrease of the bacterial growth rates in both animal models. (+info)Alkalinization-induced K+ current of the mouse megakaryocyte. (7/1407)
We have recently found that mouse megakaryocytes responded to extracellular alkalinization to pH > 8.0, generating a K+ current under voltage-clamped conditions with the whole cell recording mode of the patch-clamp technique. The purpose of this study was to physiologically and pharmacologically characterize the alkaline-dependent K+ conductance of the megakaryocyte membrane. The alkalinization-induced K+ current (I(ALK)) did not seem to be Ca2+-dependent since I(ALK) was allowed to be generated under intracellularly Ca2+-buffered conditions with 10 mM EGTA, which completely prevented the generation of caffeine-induced Ca2+-activated currents of mouse megakaryocytes; and no [Ca2+]i elevation was evoked by the alkalinization protocol in contrast to a significant increase in [Ca2+]i in response to caffeine when [Ca2+]i was measured with a fura 2 ratiometry. I(ALK) was strongly suppressed with tetraethylammonium (TEA), 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) and streptomycin (SM), but was completely resistant to quinidine (QND). The values of IC50 for the suppression of I(ALK) with TEA, 4-AP and SM were 5.6, 0.47 and 1.5 mM, respectively. Voltage-gated K+ currents (I(K)) of the same megakaryocyte preparation were weakly suppressed with TEA and 4-AP, while they were significantly suppressed with either SM or QND. These results suggest that mouse megakaryocytes possess K+ conductance that was activated by extracellular alkalinization and that probably differs from conventional K+ conductance in its pharmacological properties. (+info)Frequency of F116-mediated transduction of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a freshwater environment. (8/1407)
Transduction of Pseudomonas aeruginosa streptomycin resistance by a generalized transducing phage, F116, was shown to occur during a 10-day incubation in a flow-through environmental test chamber suspended in a freshwater reservoir. Mean F116 transduction frequencies ranged from 1.4 X 10(-5) to 8.3 X 10(-2) transductants per recipient during the in situ incubation. These transduction frequencies were comparable to transduction frequencies determined in preliminary laboratory transduction experiments. The results demonstrate the potential for naturally occurring transduction in aquatic environments and concurrent environmental and ecological ramifications. (+info)
Distribution of Tetracycline and Streptomycin Resistance Genes and Class 1 Integrons inEnterobacteriaceaeIsolated from Dairy...
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STREPTOMYCIN - PAMFA
Detection of a streptomycin-resistant Mycobacterium bovis strain through antitubercular drug susceptibility testing of Tunisian...
A method for detection of mutations, using streptomycin dependence in Escherichia coli - CSHL Scientific Digital Repository
Analysis of mutations in streptomycin-resistant strains reveals a simple and reliable genetic marker for identification of the...
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Streptomycin sulfate Global Market and Forecast Research : ReportsnReports
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene | Rapid, simple, and culture-independent detection of rpsL codon 43...
Action of streptomycin on Vibrio cholerae | Biochemical Journal
PLEUROPULMONARY TULAREMIA: OBSERVATIONS ON 12 CASES TREATED WITH STREPTOMYCIN* | Annals of Internal Medicine | American College...
Streptomycin sulfate / streptomycin sulfate FDA New drug application 060107 global drug patent coverage, generic alternatives...
Penicillin/Streptomycin Market: Global Industry Analysis and Opportunity Assessment 2019-2025 - World Analytics
Streptomycin and breastfeeding. Is Streptomycin compatible with breastfeeding? | E-lactation
Streptomycin - Everything2.com
Development of Streptomycin Resistant Strains of Tubercle Bacilli in Pulmonary Tuberculosis | Thorax
IJERPH | Free Full-Text | Effect of Ampicillin, Streptomycin, Penicillin and Tetracycline on Metal Resistant and Non-Resistant...
Streptomycin | drug | Britannica
Penicillin and Streptomycin Markets in Africa to 2021 - Market Size, Development, and Forecasts
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Phosphorylation of c-Jun Is Necessary for Apoptosis Induced by Survival Signal Withdrawal in Cerebellar Granule Neurons |...
The Virtual Ames Test: Are Chemicals, Mutations, and Cancer Linked? - TeachSpatial
Tong, Mol Vis 2006; 12:1490-1495.
Plant-biology] Agrobacterium
Dielectrophoretic assay of bacterial resistance to antibiotics - Surrey Research Insight Open Access
Plus it
ASMscience | Mechanism Explaining Low-Level Strep Resistance Raises Bigger Questions
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Suffering with lung TB, given AKT-4 with streptomycin injection. Suggest?
Streptomycin preferentially perturbs ribosomal proofreading
Gentaur Molecular :Wanger \ Streptomycin ELISA kit Sensitivity 0.05ppb Sample animal tissue,serum, \ HA111
Question Test microorganism used in the microbiological assay of Streptomycin is
Streptomycin: Indications, Side Effects, Warnings - Drugs.com
硫酸鏈黴素 STREPTOMYCIN SULPHATE STERILE-藥品(物)/適應症查詢|網路藥典|KingNet國家網路醫藥|Second Opinion
Macomb Mathematics Science Technology Center - MMSTC
Publications
A Modified Janus Cassette (Sweet Janus) to Improve Allelic Replacement Efficiency by High-Stringency Negative Selection in...
Junctional actin assembly is mediated by Formin-like 2 downstream of Rac1 | JCB
Glutamine-scyllo-inositol transaminase
Walker JB, Walker MS (1969). "Streptomycin biosynthesis. Transamination reactions involving inosamines and inosadiamines". ...
1D-1-guanidino-3-amino-1,3-dideoxy-scyllo-inositol transaminase
Walker JB (1971). "Enzymatic reactions involved in streptomycin biosynthesis and metabolism". Lloydia. 34 (4): 363-71. PMID ... Walker JB, Walker MS (1969). "Streptomycin biosynthesis. Transamination reactions involving inosamines and inosadiamines". ...
Guanidinodeoxy-scyllo-inositol-4-phosphatase
Walker MS, Walker JB (1971). "Streptomycin biosynthesis. Separation and substrate specificities of phosphatases acting on ... guanidinodeoxy-scyllo-inositol phosphate and streptomycin-(streptidino)phosphate". J. Biol. Chem. 246 (22): 7034-40. PMID ...
Pen-Strep
... (also known as penicillin-streptomycin) is a mixture of penicillin G and streptomycin that is widely used in ... Streptomycin is a broad spectrum antibiotic against Gram negative bacteria and is also relatively inexpensive, but can be ... Penicillin-Streptomycin Solution. TOKU-E. Retrieved 19 June 2018. Martinez-Liarte, Jose H; Solano, Francisco; Lozano, Jose A ( ... Penicillin is a beta-lactam antibiotic that is effective in inhibiting Gram-positive bacteria, whereas streptomycin is an ...
Hattie Alexander
Later, Alexander and Leidy studied the effect of antibiotics on Hib, finding streptomycin to be highly effective. The combined ... Alexander, Hattie E. (1946-08-01). "Streptomycin in pediatrics". The Journal of Pediatrics. 29 (2): 192-198. doi:10.1016/S0022- ... Alexander, HE; Leidy, G (1946), "Influence of Streptomycin on Type b Haemophilus influenzae.", Science (published Aug 2, 1946 ...
Geoffrey Marshall (physician)
In the late 1940s he furthered the introduction and use of streptomycin for pulmonary tuberculosis. He was appointed chairman ... Rubie J, Marshall G (6 November 1948). "Streptomycin: Present Position". Br Med J. 2 (4583): 831-832. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.4583. ...
Elizabeth Bugie
Bugie was eventually awarded 0.2% of the royalties for streptomycin. After the discovery of streptomycin, Bugie worked on ... In 1944 Bugie, Waksman and Schatz identified streptomycin in cultures of soil organisms, an antibiotic which was found to be ... "Streptomycin - arrogance and anger". Pharmaceutical Journal. Retrieved 2018-08-16. "Their Dispute Over Discovery of ... "Elizabeth Bugie - the invisible woman in the discovery of streptomycin". Scientista , Women in STEM. Retrieved 2018-08-16. ...
Tularemia
UL was streptomycin resistant. The aerobiological stability of UL was a major concern, being sensitive to sunlight, and losing ... Gentamicin may be easier to obtain than streptomycin. There is also tentative evidence to support the use of quinolone ... Treatment is typically with the antibiotic streptomycin. Gentamicin, doxycycline, or ciprofloxacin may also be used. Between ... chloramphenicol or streptomycin. Long treatment courses may be necessary as relapses are common. Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, ...
Tuberculosis management
Streptomycin followed by 10 months of Isoniazid and Ethambutol • No hepatotoxic drugs - 18-24 months of Streptomycin, ... In the US only, streptomycin is not considered a first line drug by ATS/IDSA/CDC because of high rates of resistance. The WHO ... streptomycin is SM or S. First-line anti-tuberculous drug names are often remembered with the mnemonic "RIPE," referring to the ... streptomycin is abbreviated STM. Other abbreviations have been widely used (for example, the notations RIF, RFP, and RMP have ...
Streptomyces mashuensis
... produces streptomycin, monazomycin. List of Streptomyces species LPSN bacterio.net Straininfo of ... "Streptomycin production by a new strain. Streptomyces mashuensis". The Journal of Antibiotics. 8 (2): 44-7. PMID 13242478. ed.- ... "Streptomycin production by a new strain. Streptomyces mashuensis". The Journal of Antibiotics. 8 (2): 44-7. PMID 13242478. ...
Milton Wainwright
Wainwright, M. (1991). Streptomycin: discovery and resultant controversy. Journal of the History and Philosophy of the Life ... and streptomycin and on the hypothesis that bacteria and other non-virus microbes cause cancer. Wainwright identifies as an ...
Jewish culture
... discovery of Streptomycin); Rosalind Franklin (DNA); Carl Djerassi (the pill); Stephen Jay Gould (Evolutionary biology); Baruch ...
Timeline of global health
Streptomycin in Tuberculosis Trials Committee (1948). "Streptomycin treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. A Medical Research ...
Clifford Wilson (nephrologist)
"Streptomycin in Non-tuberculous Infections". Br Med J. 2 (4576): 552-553. 18 September 1948. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.4576.552. PMC ...
Randomized controlled trial
Streptomycin in Tuberculosis Trials Committee (1948). "Streptomycin treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. A Medical Research ... The first published RCT in medicine appeared in the 1948 paper entitled "Streptomycin treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis", ...
Nobel Prize controversies
The 1952 prize was awarded solely to Selman Waksman "for his discovery of streptomycin, the first antibiotic effective against ... Milton Wainwright (2005). "A Response to William Kingston, "Streptomycin, Schatz versus Waksman, and the balance of credit for ... Steve Ainsworth (25 February 2006). "Streptomycin: arrogance and anger" (PDF). The Pharmaceutical Journal. 276: 237. Archived ...
Mycobacterium intermedium
Resistant to isoniazid and streptomycin. Differential characteristics Phylogenetic position between rapidly and slowly growing ...
The BMJ
Medical Research Council (October 1948). "STREPTOMYCIN treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis". British Medical Journal. 2 (4582 ...
Jadavpur
Comroe JH Jr (1978). "Pay dirt: the story of streptomycin. Part I: from Waksman to Waksman". American Review of Respiratory ... With the discovery of streptomycin, the first antibiotic effective against tuberculosis, in 1943, the lethal impact of the ... "Streptomycin, Schatz v. Waksman, and the balance of credit for discovery". Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied ...
Production of antibiotics
Streptomycin is produced by Streptomyces griseus. Tetracycline is produced by Streptomyces aureofaciens Vancomycin is produced ... which can produce antibiotics including streptomycin and tetracycline. Microorganisms used in fermentation are rarely identical ...
Scyllo-inosamine-4-phosphate amidinotransferase
This enzyme participates in streptomycin biosynthesis. As of late 2007, only one structure has been solved for this class of ... Walker MS, Walker JB (1966). "Enzymic studies on the biosynthesis of streptomycin, transamidation of inosamine and streptamine ...
1943 in science
Comroe, J. H. Jr (1978). "Pay dirt: the story of streptomycin. Part I: from Waksman to Waksman". American Review of Respiratory ... October 19 - The antibiotic streptomycin (the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis) is first isolated by Albert Schatz in ...
Timeline of United States discoveries
1943 Streptomycin Streptomycin is an antibiotic drug, the first of a class of drugs called aminoglycosides to be discovered, ... Streptomycin cannot be given orally as it must be administered by regular intramuscular injection. In 1943, Albert Schatz ... discovered Streptomycin. 1944 Americium Americium is a synthetic element that has the symbol Am and atomic number 95. A ...
Streptomyces bikiniensis
... produces streptomycin II and carboxypeptidase. List of Streptomyces species LPSN bacterio.net ...
Seymour Hutner
Streptomycin-induced chlorophyll-less races of Euglena. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 69, 279-282 Lwoff, A. (Ed.) 1951. ... With his colleague Luigi Provasoli he showed that photosynthetic organisms could be 'bleached' by the antibiotic streptomycin ...
Dihydrostreptomycin-6-phosphate 3'alpha-kinase
Walker JB, Skorvaga M (1973). "Phosphorylation of streptomycin and dihydrostreptomycin by Streptomyces. Enzymatic synthesis of ...
Broad-spectrum antibiotic
In humans: Doxycycline Minocycline Aminoglycosides (except for streptomycin) Ampicillin Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (Augmentin ... streptomycin and oxytetracycline (in farm animals); penicillin and potentiated sulfonamides (in horses). Ory EM, Yow EM (July ...
Chronic atrophic rhinitis
Systemic streptomycin (1g/day) against Klebsiella organisms. Oral potassium iodide for liquefaction of secretion. Placental ...
William French Anderson
Role of ribosomes in streptomycin activated suppression. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 54: 1076-1083, 1965. Nirenberg, M.; Caskey ...
Streptomyces rameus
... produces streptomycin and endo-xylanase. List of Streptomyces species LPSN bacterio.net Straininfo of ...
Inoculants: Seedland.com
SulfateStreptomycesGriseusPenicillinsTuberculosisBiosynthesisStrainsGenesBacteriaAntibiotic streptomycinAntibioticsInjection2021Penicillin-Streptomycin SolutionSterileAlbert SchatzIsolatesSulphateEscherichiaStrep toe2017Persistence of streptomycinDetectionIntramuscularlyConcentrations2016Infections10,000AmpicillinSelman WaksmanSchatzFire blight pathogenInhibitEthambutolSpectinomycinPlasmidSalmonellaSelectiveControl fire blightProteinGeneAntibodyFlasksRibosomeBacterial cellAdenylyltransferaseAntimicrobialIntramuscular
Sulfate8
- medical citation needed] When purifying protein from a biological extract, streptomycin sulfate is sometimes added as a means of removing nucleic acids. (wikipedia.org)
- Penicillin Streptomycin mixtures contain 5,000 units of penicillin (base) and 5,000 µg of streptomycin (base)/ml utilizing penicillin G (sodium salt) and streptomycin sulfate in 0.85% saline. (thermofisher.com)
- A formulation for preparing Streptomycin Sulfate 400-mg/mL Injection. (ijpc.com)
- We provide independent and unbiased information on manufacturers, prices, production news and consumers for the global and regional (North America, Asia and Europe) market of Streptomycin sulfate. (reportsnreports.com)
- Seventy eight and twenty six μg of streptomycin per fruit and per leaf were recovered from apple tree just after spraying (200 μg streptomycin sulfate/ml). (ishs.org)
- NDA 060107 describes STREPTOMYCIN SULFATE , which is a drug marketed by Copanos , Lilly , Pfizer , and X Gen Pharms , and is included in six NDAs. (drugpatentwatch.com)
- Additional details are available on the STREPTOMYCIN SULFATE profile page. (drugpatentwatch.com)
- The generic ingredient in STREPTOMYCIN SULFATE is streptomycin sulfate . (drugpatentwatch.com)
Streptomyces10
- Streptomycin , antibiotic synthesized by the soil organism Streptomyces griseus . (britannica.com)
- Streptomycin is produced by Streptomyces griseus and contains three groups: N- methyl -L-2- glucosamine , a methyl pentose and an inositol derivative with two guanidyl residues (therefore I'm not even trying to draw it here). (everything2.com)
- Albert Schatz first isolated streptomycin in 1943 from Streptomyces griseus. (wikipedia.org)
- For example, streptomycin , which has been used to treat tuberculosis and plague, is produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus. (merriam-webster.com)
- Ed Yong, The Atlantic , "The Absurdity of the Nobel Prizes in Science," 3 Oct. 2017 Waksman was awarded a Nobel Prize for Medicine and Physiology in 1952 for his work in discovering Streptomyces grieses and creating streptomycin . (merriam-webster.com)
- Streptomycin is an aminocyclitol-aminoglycoside antibiotic produced by Streptomyces griseus. (genome.jp)
- The production of streptomycin using Streptomyces griseus using two types of chitin as a substrate was studied using a variety of fermentation techniques. (bl.uk)
- Streptomycin is naturally produced by the actinobacterium Streptomyces griseus, and its activity is directed against gram-negative bacteria and the tubercle bacillus. (rapidtest.com)
- Extracts of the bluensomycin producer Streptomyces hygroscopicus form glebosus ATCC 14607 (S. glebosus) were found to have aminodeoxy-scyllo-inositol kinase activity but to lack 1D-1-guanidino-3-amino-1,3-dideoxy-scyllo-inositol kinase activity, showing for the first time that these two reactions in streptomycin producers must be catalyzed by different enzymes. (asm.org)
- Actinomycetes were isolated from soybean rhizosphere soil collected at two field sites in Brazil, All the isolates were identified as Streptomyces species and were screened for streptomycin production and the presence of two genes, strA and strB1, known to be involved in streptomycin biosynthesis in Streptomyces griseus. (warwick.ac.uk)
Griseus3
- In previous work, we showed that S. coelicolor AtrA binds in vitro to the promoter of S. griseus strR , the streptomycin cluster-situated regulator. (springer.com)
- We show here that S. griseus carries a single close homologue of atrA and that expression of S. coelicolor AtrA in S. griseus causes a DNA binding-dependent reduction in streptomycin production and in the mRNA levels of strR and genes of streptomycin biosynthesis. (springer.com)
- Therefore, to our knowledge, our results provide the first in vivo evidence that A-factor-ArpA-AdpA-StrR regulatory cascade represents only part of the full complexity of regulation of streptomycin biosynthesis in S. griseus . (springer.com)
Penicillins4
- Since 2014, Estonia Import of Penicillins or Streptomycins in Dosage Forms was down by 8% year on year. (nationmaster.com)
- In 2019, the country was number 97 comparing other countries in Import of Penicillins or Streptomycins in Dosage Forms with $2,915,759.71. (nationmaster.com)
- Since 2014, Malawi Import of Penicillins or Streptomycins in Dosage Forms rose 6.3% year on year. (nationmaster.com)
- The industry report Penicillin and Streptomycin Market in Italy to 2022 - Market Size, Development, and Forecasts offers the most up-to-date market data on the actual market situation, and future outlook for penicillins and streptomycins in Italy. (reportlinker.com)
Tuberculosis7
- Because it was effective against a wide variety of diseases, streptomycin was used often, with the result that many initially sensitive microorganisms, including the bacterium that causes tuberculosis, became resistant to the antibiotic. (britannica.com)
- Can be as effective as ethambutol when used in the initial phase of antituberculosis treatment and was previously included in recommendations for this treatment phase, but M. tuberculosis resistant to streptomycin has been reported with increasing frequency worldwide and the drug has become less useful. (drugs.com)
- She was diagnosed with tuberculosis during her imprisonment and was able to receive the life-saving streptomycin after her immigration to America. (abebooks.co.uk)
- Down and almost out in Scotland: George Orwell, tuberculosis and getting streptomycin in 1948. (jameslindlibrary.org)
- Streptomycin had had a dramatic effect on tuberculous meningitis ( MRC 1948a ), a form of tuberculosis that was always fatal. (jameslindlibrary.org)
- After I was appointed as a registrar at the Brompton Hospital in September 1946, Professor Scadding suggested that I should become a half-time member of the Medical Research Council (MRC) Tuberculosis Unit, with responsibility for coordinating the Brompton Hospital component of the MRC trial of streptomycin for pulmonary tuberculosis (Scadding was a member of the committee appointed to oversee the trial). (jameslindlibrary.org)
- Given the uncertain prognosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and the limited supply of the drug, Bradford Hill proposed that it would be unethical not to assess what advantage streptomycin offered in this form of the disease compared with the current standard treatment - bed rest. (jameslindlibrary.org)
Biosynthesis2
- Horinouchi S, Kumada Y, Beppu T (1984) Unstable genetic determinant of A-factor biosynthesis in streptomycin-producing organisms: cloning and characterization. (springer.com)
- Below are the list of possible Streptomycin biosynthesis protein products. (mybiosource.com)
Strains4
- There is no cross-resistance between Kasumin and streptomycin as Kasumin controls streptomycin-resistant strains of E. amylovora . (msu.edu)
- In 2008 and 2009, severe fire blight ( Erwinia amylovora ) occurred in Illinois apple orchards, leading to speculation that streptomycin-resistant strains of E. amylovora might be present in some orchards. (apsnet.org)
- The plasmid was transferred by electrotransformation into the recipient strains P. multocida P4000 ( 18 ) and Escherichia coli JM109 (Stratagene, Amsterdam, The Netherlands), where it mediated resistance to spectinomycin (MIC ≥ 512 μg/ml) and streptomycin (MIC = 256 μg/ml). (asm.org)
- Antibiotic resistance profiles were determined for 53 isolates from cultivated and uncultivated sites, and approximately half the strains were streptomycin resistant. (warwick.ac.uk)
Genes14
- Isolates were investigated by polymerase chain reaction for aadA, strA, and strB streptomycin resistance genes. (wur.nl)
- The prevalence of selected tetracycline and streptomycin resistance genes and class 1 integrons in Enterobacteriaceae ( n = 80) isolated from dairy farm soil and nondairy soils was evaluated. (springer.com)
- Similarly, a higher prevalence of streptomycin resistance genes including strA (12.5%), strB (12.5%), ant(3″) (12.5), aph(6)-1c (12.5%), aph(3″) (10.8%), and addA (5.4%) was detected in bacteria isolated from dairy farm soils than in nondairy soils. (springer.com)
- Other tetracycline ( tetC , tetD , tetE , tetK , tetL , tetQ , and tetT ) and streptomycin ( aph(6)-1c and ant(6) ) resistance genes were not detected in both dairy and nondairy soil isolates. (springer.com)
- Among 36 tetracycline- and 17 streptomycin-resistant isolates from dairy farm soils, 11 (30.6%) and 9 (52.9%) isolates carried multiple resistance genes encoding resistance to tetracycline and streptomycin, respectively, which was higher than in bacteria isolated from nondairy soils. (springer.com)
- Since PCR detection for the known spectinomycin/streptomycin or spectinomycin resistance genes ( 31 ) yielded negative results, it was assumed that plasmid pCCK647 harbored a so-far-undescribed type of spectinomycin/streptomycin resistance gene. (asm.org)
- The arrows indicate the extents of the genes tet (B) (tetracycline resistance), aadA14 (spectinomycin/streptomycin resistance), rep (plasmid replication), bla ROB-1 (ampicillin resistance), mobA , mobB , and mobC (plasmid mobilization), with the arrowheads showing the directions of transcription. (asm.org)
- Genes encoding streptomycin/spectinomycin adenylyltransferases [ANT(3")(9)] have been reported to exist in gram-negative organisms and Staphylococcus aureus . (asm.org)
- Streptomycin and chloramphenicol resistance genes in Escherich. (mysciencework.com)
- Streptomycin and chloramphenicol resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolates from cattle, pigs, and chicken in Kenya. (mysciencework.com)
- Seven of the 29 streptomycin-resistant isolates harbored both the strA and strB genes. (mysciencework.com)
- The strA gene was disrupted by a functional trimethoprim gene, dfrA14 in 10 of the 21 isolates harboring the three streptomycin resistance genes. (mysciencework.com)
- The strB, strA, and catA1 genes were transferable by conjugation and this points to the significance of conjugative resistance plasmids in the spread and persistence of streptomycin and chloramphenicol resistance in food animals in Kenya. (mysciencework.com)
- Sequence comparison of 16S rRNA and trpBA (tryptophan synthetase) genes revealed that streptomycin-producing streptomycetes were phylogenetically diverse, It appeared that a population of streptomycetes had colonized the rhizosphere and that a proportion of these were capable of streptomycin production. (warwick.ac.uk)
Bacteria21
- Streptomycin is usually only used in the UK when the bacteria causing a case of TB have become resistant to the other medicines that are usually prescribed. (netdoctor.co.uk)
- Streptomycin will be given in combination with other medications that target the bacteria in different ways. (netdoctor.co.uk)
- The antibiotic streptomycin inhibit s initiation and causes misreading of mRNA in prokaryote s (bacteria). (everything2.com)
- Because initially only several bacteria were resistant to streptomycin, it was fairly easy to find out the trick of the resistant bacteria. (everything2.com)
- medical citation needed] In veterinary medicine, streptomycin is the first-line antibiotic for use against gram negative bacteria in large animals (horses, cattle, sheep, etc. (wikipedia.org)
- Streptomycin also is used as a pesticide, to combat the growth of bacteria beyond human applications. (wikipedia.org)
- We have studied the influence of streptomycin (Sm) on the kinetics and accuracy of translation by wild-type as well as Ram-mutant ribosomes in an in vitro system that mimics the performance characteristics of ribosomes in bacteria. (nih.gov)
- Antimicrobial spectrum: Streptomycin acts against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- bacteria, which produces the antibiotic streptomycin. (cdc.gov)
- Antimicrobial activity of phenolics and glucosinolate hydrolysis products and their synergy with streptomycin against pathogenic bacteria. (nih.gov)
- A disc diffusion assay was used to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the phytochemicals and 3 standard antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and streptomycin) against the four bacteria. (nih.gov)
- The application of dual combinations demonstrated synergy between streptomycin and gallic acid, ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid, allylisothiocyanate and 2-phenylethylisothiocyanate against the Gram-negative bacteria. (nih.gov)
- Streptomycin is partially systemic and can reach fire blight bacteria that have entered flower nectaries. (msu.edu)
- This study addresses the important topic of the influence of the use of streptomycin in agriculture on the total bacteria community within the soil ecosystem. (frontiersin.org)
- Bacterial species such as Pseudomonas , Burkholderia , and Stenotrophomonas are intrinsically resistant to many antibiotics and as such it is of interest to investigate if the use of streptomycin provided a selective advantage for these bacteria in the soil ecosystem. (frontiersin.org)
- The application of streptomycin did not influence the abundance and diversities of major bacteria taxa of the soils or the Pseudomonas , Burkholderia , and Stenotrophomonas species. (frontiersin.org)
- Among 56 bacteria isolated from dairy farm soils, 36 (64.3%) were resistant to tetracycline, and 17 (30.4%) were resistant to streptomycin. (springer.com)
- Lower frequencies of tetracycline (9 of 24 or 37.5%) and streptomycin (1 of 24 or 4.2%) resistance were observed in bacteria isolated from nondairy soils. (springer.com)
- 3. Streptomycin suppressed the aerobic bacteria in some of the cultures and it was observed that slants of Endamoeba medium overlaid with serum-saline supported the growth of certain anaerobic bacteria under aerobic conditions. (ajtmh.org)
- Streptomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic primarily effective against gram-negative bacteria and Mycobacterium species. (goldbio.com)
- MCE Penicillin-Streptomycin (100×), Sterile is used to prevent bacterial contamination of cell culture due to their effective combined action against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. (medchemexpress.com)
Antibiotic streptomycin5
- Albert Israel Schatz (2 February 1920 - 17 January 2005) was an American microbiologist and science educator, best known as the discoverer of the antibiotic streptomycin . (yahoo.com)
- Sarah Kaplan, ajc , "Scientists discover potentially powerful new antibiotic in dirt," 13 Feb. 2018 The 1952 medicine and physiology prize went to Selman Waksman for the discovery of the antibiotic streptomycin , and ignored Waksman's graduate student Albert Schatz, who actually found the chemical. (merriam-webster.com)
- It voted today to no longer allow farmers to use the antibiotic streptomycin to prevent a type of fruit blight. (wbur.org)
- Another application of the antibiotic streptomycin under the brand name of Plantomycin is the treatment of the illness of fruit trees called fire blight. (rapidtest.com)
- One group consists of enzymes [referred to as AAD(3")(9) or ANT(3")(9)] which adenylylate spectinomycin at the 9-OH position of the spectinomycin actinamine ring but also adenylylate the aminoglycoside antibiotic streptomycin at the 3"-OH position of the streptomycin glucosamine ring and thereby mediate combined resistance to spectinomycin and streptomycin ( 39 ). (asm.org)
Antibiotics8
- While some antibacterial antibiotics are inhibitory to certain eukaryotes, this seems not to be the case for streptomycin, especially in the case of anti-fungal activity. (wikipedia.org)
- Today, streptomycin has been replaced with more effective antibiotics. (merriam-webster.com)
- Streptomycin, Kasumin and oxytetracycline are registered for blossom blight control on pome fruit in the U.S. Informational summaries about these antibiotics and their use patterns are explained. (msu.edu)
- Due to the perceived health and environmental risks associated with the use of antibiotics in agriculture, the use of streptomycin in plant agriculture was restricted within the EU in 2004 ( Phillips, 2007 ). (frontiersin.org)
- Streptomycin consists of three components, which are linked together by glycoside bonds, and it belongs to the group of the aminoglycoside antibiotics. (rapidtest.com)
- Approval of the antibiotics streptomycin and tetracycline to control fire blight in organic apples and pears expired in October 2014, and the NOSB did not renew it. (ccof.org)
- Pigs are reservoir hosts of the pathogen and streptomycin is among the antibiotics proposed to eliminate leptospiral infection. (thescipub.com)
- Streptomycin belongs to the class of medicines known as aminoglycoside antibiotics. (findatopdoc.com)
Injection7
- Streptomycin injection is used to treat moderate to severe bacterial infections in many different parts of the body. (findatopdoc.com)
- Streptomycin injection is usually used for serious bacterial infections for which other medicines may not work. (findatopdoc.com)
- Pediatric Population: Appropriate studies performed to date have not demonstrated pediatric-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of streptomycin injection in children. (findatopdoc.com)
- Geriatric Population: No information is available on the relationship of age to the effects of streptomycin injection in geriatric patients. (findatopdoc.com)
- However, elderly patients are more likely to have kidney problems, which may require caution and an adjustment in the dose for patients receiving streptomycin injection. (findatopdoc.com)
- Suffering with lung TB, given AKT-4 with streptomycin injection. (healthcaremagic.com)
- My daughter is suffering with lung TB doctor has given her AKT-4 for three months with streptomycin injection twice in a week.how long she has to take AKT-4. (healthcaremagic.com)
20219
- Deerfield Beach, FL -- ( SBWIRE ) -- 03/20/2017 -- Global Streptomycin Market 2017-2021 industry mainly involves of companies following and operating different processes such as manufacturing, producing, distribution, sales, and meeting the supply and demand chain of the market regarding various types of medical products. (sbwire.com)
- Even though the technological advancement in Global Streptomycin Market 2017-2021 industries has supported this field, various value-added stages in production of medical & health products have lend a helping hand in the up surge of Global Streptomycin Market 2017-2021 industries in various regions. (sbwire.com)
- Significant factors boosting the Global Streptomycin Market 2017-2021 market consists of increasing pressure to curtail spending on healthcare, rising government initiatives to improve medical adoption, accessibility of big data in healthcare, need for better patient outcomes, technological advancements, and increase in venture capital investments. (sbwire.com)
- In addition to this, rising spotlight on cloud-based healthcare system and value-based medicine, forecast trends regarding the medical & healthcare product, utilization of analytics in precision and personalized medicine, emergence of social media, and growing number of patient registries also escalate the Global Streptomycin Market 2017-2021 market. (sbwire.com)
- Adding to the list, the growing awareness among the people is also one of the main factor that is escalating the global Global Streptomycin Market 2017-2021 market. (sbwire.com)
- The Global Streptomycin Market 2017-2021 research analysis in the report includes each and every characteristic of the Global Streptomycin Market 2017-2021 market worldwide, which begins from the description of the Global Streptomycin Market 2017-2021market and concludes towards the Global Streptomycin Market 2017-2021 market separation. (sbwire.com)
- Moreover, every category of the Global Streptomycin Market 2017-2021 market is divided and examined based on size of the market, types of goods, their uses, the end-use companies of the Global Streptomycin Market 2017-2021 market, and their share of profit as well as loss. (sbwire.com)
- The geological separation of the Global Streptomycin Market 2017-2021 market has also been analyzed deeply in this market research report. (sbwire.com)
- The competitive background of the global market for Global Streptomycin Market 2017-2021 is based on the valuation of capability of production, different market contestants, the total generated income by every company in the Global Streptomycin Market 2017-2021 market throughout the globe, and production chain of Global Streptomycin Market 2017-2021 market. (sbwire.com)
Penicillin-Streptomycin Solution1
- Between 0.5 and 1 mL of Penicillin-Streptomycin solution are added to 100 mL of cell culture media for a final concentration of 50 to 100 I.U./mL penicillin and 50 to 100 (μg/mL) streptomycin. (atcc.org)
Sterile1
- Streptomycin (Sigma) was introduced to various final concentrations by adding appropriate volumes of freshly prepared stock solutions (1 and 10 mg/ml in sterile water), and the cultures were allowed to grow at 37°C with vigorous aeration to an optical density at 600 nm of 0.3 to 0.4 (5 × 10 7 to 1 × 10 8 cells/ml). (asm.org)
Albert Schatz2
- Streptomycin was discovered by American biochemists Selman Waksman , Albert Schatz, and Elizabeth Bugie in 1943. (britannica.com)
- An American soil biologist, Selman Waksman, had been systematically testing soil fungi, and one of his assistants, Albert Schatz, had isolated two fungi that produced streptomycin. (jameslindlibrary.org)
Isolates4
- None of the 416 E. amylovora isolates tested were resistant to streptomycin (Agri-Mycin 17WP) at 50 mg/liter. (apsnet.org)
- Seven non- E. amylovora bacterial isolates were collected from E. amylovora -infected shoots that contained both a str A- str B streptomycin resistance gene and IS 1133 on transposon Tn 5393 , which could be a potential source of streptomycin resistance for E. amylovora in Illinois in the future. (apsnet.org)
- Although there have been reports of streptomycin adenylyltransferases in enterococci ( 6 , 8 , 18 ), none of the isolates reported were resistant to spectinomycin, suggesting a mechanism other than one involving the ANT(3")(9) enzyme. (asm.org)
- The aims of this study were to determine the genetic basis of streptomycin and chloramphenicol resistance in 30 Escherichia coli isolates from food animals in Kenya and the role of plasmids in the spread of the resistance. (mysciencework.com)
Sulphate1
- Our various ranges include Streptomycin Sulphate, Aspartame Sweetener, Calcium D Pentothenate, Homophthalic Acid, Anhydride, Vitamin E-50, 4-Chloro-1 Butanol and similar such other chemicals. (indiamart.com)
Escherichia5
- The effect of mutation to streptomycin resistance on the speed of polypeptide elongation in Escherichia coli was investigated. (osti.gov)
- Escherichia coli]} author = {Galas, D J, and Branscomb, E W} abstractNote = {The effect of mutation to streptomycin resistance on the speed of polypeptide elongation in Escherichia coli was investigated. (osti.gov)
- Establishing streptomycin epidemiological cut-off values for Salmonella and Escherichia coli. (wur.nl)
- This study was conducted to elucidate the accuracy of the current streptomycin epidemiological cut-off value (ECOFF) for Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. (wur.nl)
- The growth physiology of Escherichia coli during colonization of the intestinal tract was studied with four animal models: the streptomycin-treated mouse carrying a reduced microflora, the monoassociated mouse with no other microflora than the introduced strain, the conventionalized streptomycin-treated mouse, and the conventionalized monoassociated mouse harboring a full microflora. (asm.org)
Strep toe1
- STREPTOMYCIN (strep toe MYE sin) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic. (nationwidechildrens.org)
20179
- Global and Chinese Streptomycin Industry, 2017 Market Research Report' is a professional and in-depth study on the current state of the Chinease with a focus on the China market. (sbwire.com)
- In the recent times, the global market for Emea europe middle east and africa penicillin and streptomycin market report 2017 has surfaced as one of the most promising markets in the pharmaceutical industry, thanks to the significant rise in research and development activities by leading vendors of Emea europe middle east and africa penicillin and streptomycin market report 2017 across the world. (qyresearchreports.com)
- Manufacturers have turned to technological innovations and data-driven customization to satisfy the augmenting consumer demand for efficiency and more accuracy in results, leading to an increased usage of technology in the Emea europe middle east and africa penicillin and streptomycin market report 2017 production processes, which is also reflecting positively on the growth of this market. (qyresearchreports.com)
- The research report on the Emea europe middle east and africa penicillin and streptomycin market report 2017 is an analytical study which comprehensively analyzes the competitive framework of this market. (qyresearchreports.com)
- Using a number of effective assessment tools, such as porter's five forces and value chain analysis, it performs in-depth analyses of the production and supply as well as the demand and sales of Emea europe middle east and africa penicillin and streptomycin market report 2017 and provides deep insights into the future prospects of this market. (qyresearchreports.com)
- The study begins with a detailed overview of the market for Emea europe middle east and africa penicillin and streptomycin market report 2017, including the definition, classification, and industry chain structure of Emea europe middle east and africa penicillin and streptomycin market report 2017, and move forward to cover every aspect of this market, counting several criteria based on which the market is classified. (qyresearchreports.com)
- With chemical industry undergoing a phase of technological disruption, innovations in products are likely to shape the future of the Emea europe middle east and africa penicillin and streptomycin market report 2017. (qyresearchreports.com)
- Further, it offers an estimation of the market size in terms of value (US$) and in volume (kilo tons) and talks about the key segments and the geographical subdivisions of the market for Emea europe middle east and africa penicillin and streptomycin market report 2017 in details. (qyresearchreports.com)
- It provides in-depth information on the development trends and the policies and regulations, concerning Emea europe middle east and africa penicillin and streptomycin market report 2017, implemented in each of the geographical segments. (qyresearchreports.com)
Persistence of streptomycin1
- A longer persistence of streptomycin (more than 98 days) was noticed with higher concentrations of spray (400 μg/ml). (ishs.org)
Detection2
- Possible evolutionary relationships between streptomycin and bluensomycin biosynthetic pathways: detection of novel inositol kinase and O-carbamoyltransferase activities. (asm.org)
- However, a clinical isolate of Enterococcus faecalis exhibiting high-level resistance to streptomycin and spectinomycin (MICs of ≥2,000 μg/ml) was recently recognized in a multilaboratory study of screening methods for detection of high-level aminoglycoside resistance in enterococci ( 32 ). (asm.org)
Intramuscularly3
- Streptomycin is traditionally given intramuscularly, and in many nations is only licensed to be administered intramuscularly, though in some regions the drug may also be administered intravenously. (wikipedia.org)
- Thirty-three patients with viridans streptococcal infective endocarditis were treated for two weeks with intramuscular procaine pencillin, 1.2 million units every 6 hours, plus streptomycin, 500 mg intramuscularly every 12 hours. (ahajournals.org)
- Six pigs with leptospirosis and six age, gender and breed matched healthy pigs were intramuscularly administered streptomycin at a dose of 10 mg kg -1 bodyweight once daily for four consecutive days. (thescipub.com)
Concentrations5
- A range of submerged fermentations were undertaken in a standard 2 L bioreactor fitted with Rushton Turbines, at chitin concentrations from 0.4 %w/v to 10 %w/v, to study the effect on streptomycin yield. (bl.uk)
- Maximum streptomycin yields were obtained at a chitin concentration of 10 %w/v. The total streptomycin yields from submerged fermentation were fairly consistent over the range of chitin concentrations used. (bl.uk)
- The purpose of this study was to determine streptomycin concentrations and the possible effect of the presence of Leptospira in the liver and kidneys on drug distribution. (thescipub.com)
- All pigs were euthanized and the concentrations of streptomycin in their liver and kidney were determined employing an HPLC-MC method. (thescipub.com)
- The decreased concentrations of streptomycin in infected pigs could be at least partially attributed to the hepatic and renal damage caused by leptospirae and in turn the possible reduced efficacy of streptomycin to its reduced concentrations at the main sites of infection. (thescipub.com)
20162
- 2016. https://www.unboundmedicine.com/washingtonmanual/view/Washington-Manual-of-Medical-Therapeutics/602265/all/Streptomycin. (unboundmedicine.com)
- In this report, the EMEA Penicillin and Streptomycin market is valued at USD XX million in 2016 and is expected to reach USD XX million by the end of 2022, growing at a CAGR of XX% between 2016 and 2022. (qyresearchreports.com)
Infections4
- Streptomycin is also occasionally used to treat infections such as brucellosis and endocarditis. (netdoctor.co.uk)
- As for TB, when treating these infections, streptomycin should be used in combination with another antibiotic to help prevent resistance occuring. (netdoctor.co.uk)
- medical citation needed] Tularemia infections have been treated mostly with streptomycin. (wikipedia.org)
- Streptomycin continues to be an important drug for synergistic therapy of serious enterococcal infections ( 10 ). (asm.org)
10,0003
- 10,000 I.U./mL Penicillin, 10,000 (μg/mL) Streptomycin For reducing the chances of microbial contamination in cell culture. (atcc.org)
- This antibiotic solution is formulated as follows: Penicillin 10,000 Units/mL, Streptomycin 10 mg/mL, Amphotericin B 25 µg/mL. (atcc.org)
- Penicillin-Streptomycin (100×) is a liquid formulation which contains 10,000 units/mL of penicillin and 10 mg/mL of streptomycin in 0.9% NaCl. (medchemexpress.com)
Ampicillin1
- On the other hand, the addition of streptomycin and ampicillin did not inhibit the growth of lead resistant strain. (mdpi.com)
Selman Waksman1
- A recent article in Nature, arguing that "the misallocation of credit is endemic in science," used Selman Waksman as an illustration, claiming that the true discoverer of streptomycin was one of his graduate students. (jhu.edu)
Schatz4
- Waksman was awarded a Nobel Prize in 1952 for his discovery of streptomycin, although much of the credit for the discovery has since been ascribed to Schatz. (cdc.gov)
- Schatz later successfully sued to be legally recognized as a co-discoverer of streptomycin. (cdc.gov)
- In October of 1943, Schatz discovered streptomycin. (abebooks.co.uk)
- She learned of the controversy surrounding the discovery of streptomycin and Schatz s ultimate recognition for his work. (abebooks.co.uk)
Fire blight pathogen2
- These suggestions will differ based on the occurrence of streptomycin resistance in the fire blight pathogen in your orchard or in your region. (msu.edu)
- The restricted application of streptomycin in the protection of apple orchards from the fire blight pathogen Erwinia amylovora under the guidelines in Switzerland did not alter either the bacterial diversity or abundance within these soil ecosystems. (frontiersin.org)
Inhibit1
- A study of chitosan oligomers showed that short chain oligosaccharides inhibit Bacillus subtilis in a similar manner to streptomycin. (bl.uk)
Ethambutol4
- 100 ATS, CDC, and IDSA state that streptomycin is no longer considered interchangeable with ethambutol unless the strain is known to be susceptible to streptomycin or the patient is from a population in which streptomycin resistance is unlikely. (drugs.com)
- 26 For initial treatment of fibrocavitary or severe nodular/bronchiectatic pulmonary disease caused by macrolide-susceptible MAC, ATS and IDSA recommend a daily regimen of clarithromycin (or azithromycin), ethambutol, and rifampin (or rifabutin) and state that consideration can be given to adding amikacin or streptomycin during the first 2-3 months of treatment for extensive (especially fibrocavitary) disease or when previous therapy has failed. (drugs.com)
- Streptomycin is an aminoglycoside that can be used as a substitute for ethambutol and for drug-resistant MTB. (unboundmedicine.com)
- ethambutol .pyrazanamide and streptomycin she must be treated under category 2. (healthcaremagic.com)
Spectinomycin2
- A novel spectinomycin/streptomycin resistance gene, designated aadA14 , was detected on the mobilizable 5,198-bp plasmid pCCK647 from Pasteurella multocida . (asm.org)
- The aadA gene, which encodes resistance to streptomycin and spectinomycin via an adenylyltransferase [ANT(3")(9)] enzyme, has been reported to exist in gram-negative organisms ( 3 , 6 , 15 , 16 , 33 ) and Staphylococcus aureus ( 7 ). (asm.org)
Plasmid1
- Transferable plasmid-mediated resistance to streptomycin in a clinical isolate of Yersinia pestis. (cdc.gov)
Salmonella1
- Gut colonization ability was assayed by the streptomycin-treated mouse colonization model, which was previously used to study the colonization abilities and growth physiologies of E. coli and Salmonella typhimurium in the intestinal environment ( 13 , 15-17 ). (asm.org)
Selective3
- This makes streptomycin a more suitable selective agent as it causes bleaching rather than cell death (Klee et al. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Thermo Scientific Remel BHI agar with Sheep Blood, Penicillin, Streptomycin is for selective isolation of fastidious fungi and yeast. (fishersci.com)
- Magliulo G, Parrotto D, Gagliardi M, Alla FR.Selective damage of the vestibular apparatus following toxic effects of streptomycin. (springer.com)
Control fire blight1
- Organic orchardists have been allowed to use streptomycin, as a last resort, to control fire blight. (fruitgrowersnews.com)
Protein6
- But if it gets that far for the translation to start, misreading occurs because the streptomycin causes isoleucine (with triplet AUU) to be build in too, when only a phenylalanine (UUU) is ment to go into the polypeptide chain, resulting in a "wrong" protein. (everything2.com)
- Streptomycin is a protein synthesis inhibitor. (wikipedia.org)
- Mode of Action: Streptomycin acts by inhibiting prokaryote protein synthesis by binding to the S12 protein of the 30S ribosomal subunit, thus preventing the transition from imitation complex to chain-elongating ribosome. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- Mode of Resistance: A mutation in rpsL, a gene for S12 ribosomal protein, prevents binding of streptomycin to the ribosome. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- It has also been used to precipitate nucleic acids during protein purification techniques and to study mechanisms of Streptomycin resistance. (goldbio.com)
- Streptomycin inhibits elongation at transpeptidation step during protein synthesis and binds to 30S subunit, causing misreading. (medchemexpress.com)
Gene4
- The rpsL50 gene mutation conveys streptomycin resistance. (openwetware.org)
- Comparison of the streptomycin and bluensomycin biosynthetic pathways provides a unique opportunity to evaluate those proposed mechanisms for the evolutionary acquisition of new biosynthetic capabilities that involve gene duplication and subsequent mutational changes in one member of the pair. (asm.org)
- During a study of high-level aminoglycoside resistance in enterococci, we encountered an isolate of Enterococcus faecalis that was streptomycin resistant but did not appear to contain the 6′-adenylyltransferase gene ( aadE ) when examined by PCR with specific primers. (asm.org)
- 32,000 μg/ml, failed to produce an aadE (also referred to as the ant6 ′ gene)-specific product when tested by PCR, and did not hybridize with an aadE -specific gene probe, suggesting an alternate mechanism of streptomycin resistance. (asm.org)
Antibody1
- Monoclonal Antibody to Streptomycin/Dihydrostreptomycin (includes BSA Conjugated Control). (abgent.com)
Flasks1
- Shake flasks were also used to evaluate any effect of chitin concentration on streptomycin production. (bl.uk)
Ribosome2
Bacterial cell1
- The change in a bacterial cell from average susceptibility to streptomycin to resistance to 1000 µg. (rupress.org)
Adenylyltransferase2
- In enzymology, a streptomycin 3"-adenylyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.47) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP + streptomycin ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } diphosphate + 3"-adenylylstreptomycin Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and streptomycin, whereas its two products are diphosphate and 3''-adenylylstreptomycin. (wikipedia.org)
- The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP:streptomycin 3"-adenylyltransferase. (wikipedia.org)
Antimicrobial1
- The antimicrobial activity of single compounds and dual combinations (streptomycin-phytochemicals) were quantitatively assessed by measuring the inhibitory halos. (nih.gov)
Intramuscular1
- Short-term intramuscular therapy with procaine penicillin plus streptomycin for infective endocarditis due to viridans streptococci. (ahajournals.org)