An antibiotic produced by the soil actinomycete Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting the initiation and elongation processes during protein synthesis.
A semi-synthetic aminoglycoside antibiotic that is used in the treatment of TUBERCULOSIS.
An actinomycete from which the antibiotics STREPTOMYCIN, grisein, and CANDICIDIN are obtained.
The ability of microorganisms, especially bacteria, to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents, antimicrobial agents, or antibiotics. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS).
Substances that reduce the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA.
Antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus from Japanese soil. Comprises 3 components: kanamycin A, the major component, and kanamycins B and C, the minor components.
An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces spectabilis. It is active against gram-negative bacteria and used for the treatment of gonorrhea.
A class of plasmids that transfer antibiotic resistance from one bacterium to another by conjugation.
Any tests that demonstrate the relative efficacy of different chemotherapeutic agents against specific microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, fungi, viruses).
An antitubercular agent that inhibits the transfer of mycolic acids into the cell wall of the tubercle bacillus. It may also inhibit the synthesis of spermidine in mycobacteria. The action is usually bactericidal, and the drug can penetrate human cell membranes to exert its lethal effect. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p863)
Drugs used in the treatment of tuberculosis. They are divided into two main classes: "first-line" agents, those with the greatest efficacy and acceptable degrees of toxicity used successfully in the great majority of cases; and "second-line" drugs used in drug-resistant cases or those in which some other patient-related condition has compromised the effectiveness of primary therapy.
Glycosylated compounds in which there is an amino substituent on the glycoside. Some of them are clinically important ANTIBIOTICS.
A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.
A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)
Antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces fradiae. It is composed of neomycins A, B, and C. It acts by inhibiting translation during protein synthesis.
Antibacterial agent used primarily as a tuberculostatic. It remains the treatment of choice for tuberculosis.
A naphthacene antibiotic that inhibits AMINO ACYL TRNA binding during protein synthesis.
An antibiotic first isolated from cultures of Streptomyces venequelae in 1947 but now produced synthetically. It has a relatively simple structure and was the first broad-spectrum antibiotic to be discovered. It acts by interfering with bacterial protein synthesis and is mainly bacteriostatic. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p106)
The ability of bacteria to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents, antimicrobial agents, or antibiotics. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS).
A complex of closely related aminoglycosides obtained from MICROMONOSPORA purpurea and related species. They are broad-spectrum antibiotics, but may cause ear and kidney damage. They act to inhibit PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS.
A parasexual process in BACTERIA; ALGAE; FUNGI; and ciliate EUKARYOTA for achieving exchange of chromosome material during fusion of two cells. In bacteria, this is a uni-directional transfer of genetic material; in protozoa it is a bi-directional exchange. In algae and fungi, it is a form of sexual reproduction, with the union of male and female gametes.
The ability of bacteria to resist or to become tolerant to several structurally and functionally distinct drugs simultaneously. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS).
Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria.
A species of gram-positive, aerobic bacteria that produces TUBERCULOSIS in humans, other primates, CATTLE; DOGS; and some other animals which have contact with humans. Growth tends to be in serpentine, cordlike masses in which the bacilli show a parallel orientation.
DNA elements that include the component genes and insertion site for a site-specific recombination system that enables them to capture mobile gene cassettes.
A lesion in the skin and subcutaneous tissues due to infections by MYCOBACTERIUM ULCERANS. It was first reported in Uganda, Africa.
Vertical transmission of hereditary characters by DNA from cytoplasmic organelles such as MITOCHONDRIA; CHLOROPLASTS; and PLASTIDS, or from PLASMIDS or viral episomal DNA.
Tuberculosis resistant to chemotherapy with two or more ANTITUBERCULAR AGENTS, including at least ISONIAZID and RIFAMPICIN. The problem of resistance is particularly troublesome in tuberculous OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS associated with HIV INFECTIONS. It requires the use of second line drugs which are more toxic than the first line regimens. TB with isolates that have developed further resistance to at least three of the six classes of second line drugs is defined as EXTENSIVELY DRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS.
A species of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria commonly isolated from clinical specimens and the human intestinal tract. Most strains are nonhemolytic.
Semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic.
An oligosaccharide antibiotic produced by various STREPTOMYCES.
Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.
Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.
A group of antibiotics that contain 6-aminopenicillanic acid with a side chain attached to the 6-amino group. The penicillin nucleus is the chief structural requirement for biological activity. The side-chain structure determines many of the antibacterial and pharmacological characteristics. (Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p1065)
Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.
Substances obtained from various species of microorganisms that are, alone or in combination with other agents, of use in treating various forms of tuberculosis; most of these agents are merely bacteriostatic, induce resistance in the organisms, and may be toxic.
Infections in animals with bacteria of the genus SALMONELLA.
A component of NEOMYCIN that is produced by Streptomyces fradiae. On hydrolysis it yields neamine and neobiosamine B. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
Multicomponent ribonucleoprotein structures found in the CYTOPLASM of all cells, and in MITOCHONDRIA, and PLASTIDS. They function in PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS via GENETIC TRANSLATION.
Proteins found in any species of bacterium.
A genus of bacteria that form a nonfragmented aerial mycelium. Many species have been identified with some being pathogenic. This genus is responsible for producing a majority of the ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS of practical value.
The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA.
Infection caused by bacteria of the genus BRUCELLA mainly involving the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM. This condition is characterized by fever, weakness, malaise, and weight loss.
A genus of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria whose organisms occur in pairs or chains. No endospores are produced. Many species exist as commensals or parasites on man or animals with some being highly pathogenic. A few species are saprophytes and occur in the natural environment.
A lactose-fermenting bacterium causing dysentery.
Discrete segments of DNA which can excise and reintegrate to another site in the genome. Most are inactive, i.e., have not been found to exist outside the integrated state. DNA transposable elements include bacterial IS (insertion sequence) elements, Tn elements, the maize controlling elements Ac and Ds, Drosophila P, gypsy, and pogo elements, the human Tigger elements and the Tc and mariner elements which are found throughout the animal kingdom.
The study of the origin, nature, properties, and actions of drugs and their effects on living organisms.
Nonsusceptibility of an organism to the action of penicillins.
A serotype of Salmonella enterica that is a frequent agent of Salmonella gastroenteritis in humans. It also causes PARATYPHOID FEVER.
Enzymes of a subclass of TRANSFERASES that catalyze the transfer of an amidino group from donor to acceptor. EC 2.1.4.
Infections with bacteria of the genus SALMONELLA.
Ribonucleic acid in bacteria having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis.
One of the FURANS with a carbonyl thereby forming a cyclic lactone. It is an endogenous compound made from gamma-aminobutyrate and is the precursor of gamma-hydroxybutyrate. It is also used as a pharmacological agent and solvent.
Cyclic peptide antibiotic similar to VIOMYCIN. It is produced by Streptomyces capreolus.
A slow-growing mycobacterium that infects the skin and subcutaneous tissues, giving rise to indolent BURULI ULCER.
A technique of bacterial typing which differentiates between bacteria or strains of bacteria by their susceptibility to one or more bacteriophages.

Efflux-mediated aminoglycoside and macrolide resistance in Burkholderia pseudomallei. (1/1407)

Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, is intrinsically resistant to a wide range of antimicrobial agents including beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, macrolides, and polymyxins. We used Tn5-OT182 to mutagenize B. pseudomallei to identify the genes involved in aminoglycoside resistance. We report here on the identification of AmrAB-OprA, a multidrug efflux system in B. pseudomallei which is specific for both aminoglycoside and macrolide antibiotics. We isolated two transposon mutants, RM101 and RM102, which had 8- to 128-fold increases in their susceptibilities to the aminoglycosides streptomycin, gentamicin, neomycin, tobramycin, kanamycin, and spectinomycin. In addition, both mutants, in contrast to the parent, were susceptible to the macrolides erythromycin and clarithromycin but not to the lincosamide clindamycin. Sequencing of the DNA flanking the transposon insertions revealed a putative operon consisting of a resistance, nodulation, division-type transporter, a membrane fusion protein, an outer membrane protein, and a divergently transcribed regulatorprotein. Consistent with the presence of an efflux system, both mutants accumulated [3H] dihydro streptomycin, whereas the parent strain did not. We constructed an amr deletion strain, B. pseudomallei DD503, which was hypersusceptible to aminoglycosides and macrolides and which was used successfully in allelic exchange experiments. These results suggest that an efflux system is a major contributor to the inherent high-level aminoglycoside and macrolide resistance found in B. pseudomallei.  (+info)

The effect of streptomycin, oxytetracycline, tilmicosin and phenylbutazone on spermatogenesis in bulls. (2/1407)

To determine whether declining semen quality associated with health problems may be due to certain antibiotic or anti-inflammatory treatments, semen was collected 3 times per week for up to 42 d from 6 normal bulls after treatment with oxytetracycline, tilmicosin, dihydrostreptomycin, or phenylbutazone. No adverse effects on semen quality were observed.  (+info)

Enterococcal endocarditis: duration and mode of treatment. (3/1407)

This report summarizes data on sixteen patients with enterococcal endocarditis treated with penicillin and streptomycin. The experience reported suggests that a four week period is adequate for routine therapy in these patients, as in other forms of streptococcal endocarditis. It provides an additional group of patients successfully treated with penicillin and streptomycin. Two relapses were encountered. One of these received inadequate daily doses of penicillin. The other patient was clearly a failure of penicillin and streptomycin, but the failure in this instance could not be attributed to foreshortened treatment (6 weeks) or to high level streptomycin resistance of the infecting strain of Enterococcus.  (+info)

A five-year assessment of controlled trials of in-patient and out-patient treatment and of plaster-of-Paris jackets for tuberculosis of the spine in children on standard chemotherapy. Studies in Masan and Pusan, Korea. Fifth report of the Medical Research Council Working Party on tuberculosis of the spine. (4/1407)

In two centres in Korea 350 patients with a diagnosis of tuberculosis of the thoracic and/or lumbar spine were allocated at random: in Masan to in-patient rest in bed (IP) for six months followed by out-patient treatment or to ambulatory out-patient treatment (OP) from the start; in Pusan to out-patient treatment with a plaster-of-Paris jacket (J) for nine months or to ambulatory treatment without any support (No J). All patients recieved chemotherapy with PAS with isoniazid for eighteen months, either supplemented with streptomycin for the first three months (SPH) or without this supplement (PH), by random allocation. The main analysis of this report concerns 299 patients (eighty-three IP, eighty-three OP, sixty-three J, seventy No J; 143 SPH, 156 PH). Pre-treatment factors were similar in both centres except that the patients in Pusan had, on average, less extensive lesions although in a greater proportion the disease was radiographically active. One patient (J/SPH) died with active spinal disease and three (all No J/SPH) with paraplegia. A fifth patient (IP/PH) who died from cardio respiratory failure also had pulmonary tuberculosis. Twenty-three patients required operation and/or additional chemotherapy for the spinal lesion. A sinus or clinically evident abscess was either present initially or developed during treatment in 41 per cent of patients. Residual lesions persisted in ten patients (four IP, two OP, one J, three No J; six SPH, four PH) at five years. Thirty-two patients had paraparesis on admission or developing later. Complete resolution occurred in twenty on the allocated regimen and in eight after operation or additional chemotherapy or both. Of the remaining four atients, all of whom had operation and additional chemotherapy, three died and one still had paraparesis at five years. Of 295 patients assessed at five years 89 per cent had a favourable status. The proportions of the patients responding favourably were similar in the IP (91 per cent) and OP (89 per cent) series, in the J (90 per cent) and No J (84 per cent) series and in the SPH (86 per cent) and PH (92 per cent) series.  (+info)

In vitro activities of antibiotics alone and in combination against Brucella melitensis at neutral and acidic pHs. (5/1407)

Brucellae survive acidic pHs in phagolysosomes. Azithromycin, streptomycin, and quinolones were active against Brucella melitensis at pH 7.0 but not at pH 5.0; rifampin and doxycycline retained activity at pH 5.0. Regardless of pH, azithromycin-rifampin and ofloxacin-rifampin showed less synergy than established streptomycin-doxycycline and rifampin-doxycycline combinations.  (+info)

Estimation of growth rates of Escherichia coli BJ4 in streptomycin-treated and previously germfree mice by in situ rRNA hybridization. (6/1407)

The growth physiology of Escherichia coli during colonization of the intestinal tract was studied with four animal models: the streptomycin-treated mouse carrying a reduced microflora, the monoassociated mouse with no other microflora than the introduced strain, the conventionalized streptomycin-treated mouse, and the conventionalized monoassociated mouse harboring a full microflora. A 23S rRNA fluorescent oligonucleotide probe was used for hybridization to whole E. coli cells fixed directly after being taken from the animals, and the respective growth rates of E. coli BJ4 in the four animal models were estimated by correlating the cellular concentrations of ribosomes with the growth rate of the strain. The growth rates thus estimated from the ribosomal content of E. coli BJ4 in vivo did not differ in the streptomycin-treated and the monoassociated mice. After conventionalization there was a slight decrease of the bacterial growth rates in both animal models.  (+info)

Alkalinization-induced K+ current of the mouse megakaryocyte. (7/1407)

We have recently found that mouse megakaryocytes responded to extracellular alkalinization to pH > 8.0, generating a K+ current under voltage-clamped conditions with the whole cell recording mode of the patch-clamp technique. The purpose of this study was to physiologically and pharmacologically characterize the alkaline-dependent K+ conductance of the megakaryocyte membrane. The alkalinization-induced K+ current (I(ALK)) did not seem to be Ca2+-dependent since I(ALK) was allowed to be generated under intracellularly Ca2+-buffered conditions with 10 mM EGTA, which completely prevented the generation of caffeine-induced Ca2+-activated currents of mouse megakaryocytes; and no [Ca2+]i elevation was evoked by the alkalinization protocol in contrast to a significant increase in [Ca2+]i in response to caffeine when [Ca2+]i was measured with a fura 2 ratiometry. I(ALK) was strongly suppressed with tetraethylammonium (TEA), 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) and streptomycin (SM), but was completely resistant to quinidine (QND). The values of IC50 for the suppression of I(ALK) with TEA, 4-AP and SM were 5.6, 0.47 and 1.5 mM, respectively. Voltage-gated K+ currents (I(K)) of the same megakaryocyte preparation were weakly suppressed with TEA and 4-AP, while they were significantly suppressed with either SM or QND. These results suggest that mouse megakaryocytes possess K+ conductance that was activated by extracellular alkalinization and that probably differs from conventional K+ conductance in its pharmacological properties.  (+info)

Frequency of F116-mediated transduction of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a freshwater environment. (8/1407)

Transduction of Pseudomonas aeruginosa streptomycin resistance by a generalized transducing phage, F116, was shown to occur during a 10-day incubation in a flow-through environmental test chamber suspended in a freshwater reservoir. Mean F116 transduction frequencies ranged from 1.4 X 10(-5) to 8.3 X 10(-2) transductants per recipient during the in situ incubation. These transduction frequencies were comparable to transduction frequencies determined in preliminary laboratory transduction experiments. The results demonstrate the potential for naturally occurring transduction in aquatic environments and concurrent environmental and ecological ramifications.  (+info)

Buruli ulcer is most commonly seen in children and young adults, and the infection is more prevalent in areas with poor sanitation and hygiene. The disease may be acquired through contact with contaminated water or soil, or through direct skin-to-skin contact with an infected person.

The symptoms of Buruli ulcer can vary in severity and may include:

* Painless ulcers or nodules on the skin
* Swelling and redness around the affected area
* Fever
* Fatigue
* Loss of mobility or disfigurement if the infection is severe or left untreated

Buruli ulcer can be diagnosed through a combination of clinical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. Treatment typically involves antibiotics and surgical debridement of the affected tissue. In some cases, amputation may be necessary if the infection is severe or has caused significant tissue damage.

Prevention of Buruli ulcer is challenging, but it can be reduced by:

* Improving access to clean water and sanitation
* Practicing good hygiene, such as washing hands regularly
* Avoiding contact with contaminated water or soil
* Seeking medical attention promptly if skin lesions or ulcers develop.

Overall, Buruli ulcer is a debilitating and disfiguring disease that can have significant social and economic impacts on individuals and communities. Early diagnosis and treatment are critical to prevent long-term complications and improve outcomes for those affected.

Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) can develop when a person with TB does not complete their full treatment course as prescribed by a healthcare provider, or if they do not take their medications correctly. It can also develop in people who have weakened immune systems or other underlying health conditions that make them more susceptible to the development of drug-resistant bacteria.

MDR-TB is a significant global public health concern because it is harder to treat and can spread more easily than drug-sensitive TB. Treatment for MDR-TB typically involves using stronger medications that are more effective against drug-resistant bacteria, such as fluoroquinolones or aminoglycosides. However, these medications can have more side effects and may be less effective in some cases.

Preventing the development of MDR-TB is crucial, and this can be achieved by ensuring that all patients with TB receive complete and correct treatment as prescribed by a healthcare provider. Additionally, screening for drug resistance before starting treatment can help identify patients who may have MDR-TB and ensure they receive appropriate treatment from the outset.

The term "Salmonella Infections, Animal" is used to distinguish these infections from Salmonella infections that are caused by contaminated food or water, which are referred to as "Salmonella Infections, Human."

There are several types of brucellosis, including:

1. Brucella abortus: This type is primarily found in cattle and is the most common form of the disease in humans.
2. Brucella suis: This type is found in pigs and is less common in humans.
3. Brucella melitensis: This type is found in sheep, goats, and other animals, and is more virulent than B. abortus.
4. Brucella canis: This type is found in dogs and is rare in humans.

The symptoms of brucellosis can vary depending on the severity of the infection and the individual's overall health. Common symptoms include:

1. Fever
2. Headache
3. Joint pain
4. Muscle pain
5. Swelling of the lymph nodes and spleen
6. Fatigue
7. Loss of appetite
8. Weight loss

In severe cases, brucellosis can cause complications such as:

1. Endocarditis (infection of the heart valves)
2. Meningitis (inflammation of the lining around the brain and spinal cord)
3. Osteomyelitis (infection of the bone)
4. Testicular inflammation in men
5. Epididymitis (inflammation of the epididymis, a tube that carries sperm from the testicle to the penis)
6. Inflammation of the heart muscle and valves
7. Pneumonia
8. Inflammation of the liver and spleen

Brucellosis is diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. Treatment typically involves antibiotics, and early treatment can help prevent complications. Prevention measures include avoiding contact with infected animals and ensuring proper hygiene practices when handling livestock or wild game.

Prevention of Salmonella Infections includes proper food handling and storage practices, such as cooking foods to the correct temperature, storing foods at the right refrigerator temperature, and washing hands frequently. Vaccines are also available for people who are at high risk of developing severe Salmonella infections.

Complications of a Salmonella Infection can include dehydration, bacteremia (the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream), and meningitis (inflammation of the lining around the brain and spinal cord). In rare cases, a Salmonella infection can lead to long-term health problems such as irritable bowel syndrome or reactive arthritis.

Overall, prompt treatment and proper prevention measures are important for reducing the risk of complications from a Salmonella infection.

Look up streptomycin in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Streptomycin is an antibiotic medication used to treat a number of ... Streptomycin also is used as a pesticide, to combat the growth of bacteria beyond human applications. Streptomycin controls ... Of these, streptomycin and neomycin found extensive application in the treatment of numerous infectious diseases. Streptomycin ... "Streptomycin Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. October 24, 2019. Retrieved February 11, 2020. "Streptomycin Sulfate". The ...
... streptomycin adenyltransferase, streptomycin adenylylase, streptomycin adenylyltransferase, streptomycin-spectinomycin ... streptomycin 3"-adenylyltransferase. Other names in common use include streptomycin adenylate synthetase, ... In enzymology, a streptomycin 3"-adenylyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.47) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP + ... Harwood JH, Smith DH (1969). "Resistance factor-mediated streptomycin resistance". J. Bacteriol. 97 (3): 1262-71. PMC 249843. ...
In enzymology, a streptomycin 3"-kinase (EC 2.7.1.87) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP + streptomycin ⇌ {\ ... Other names in common use include streptomycin 3"-kinase (phosphorylating), and streptomycin 3"-phosphotransferase. Walker JB, ... the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and streptomycin, whereas its two products are ADP and streptomycin 3''-phosphate. ... The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP:streptomycin 3"-phosphotransferase. ...
... streptomycin 6-O-phosphotransferase, and streptomycin 6-phosphotransferase. This enzyme participates in streptomycin ... In enzymology, a streptomycin 6-kinase (EC 2.7.1.72) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP + streptomycin ⇌ {\ ... the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and streptomycin, whereas its two products are ADP and streptomycin 6-phosphate. This ... The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP:streptomycin 6-phosphotransferase. Other names in common use include ...
... streptomycin 6-phosphate phosphohydrolase, and streptomycin-6-P phosphohydrolase. This enzyme participates in streptomycin ... The enzyme streptomycin-6-phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.39) catalyzes the reaction streptomycin 6-phosphate + H2O ⇌ {\displaystyle \ ... The systematic name is streptomycin-6-phosphate phosphohydrolase. Other names in common use include streptomycin 6-phosphate ... Walker MS, Walker JB (1971). "Streptomycin biosynthesis. Separation and substrate specificities of phosphatases acting on ...
Walker JB, Walker MS (1969). "Streptomycin biosynthesis. Transamination reactions involving inosamines and inosadiamines". ...
Streptomycin, the first antibiotic ever reported from a bacterium, comes from strains of S. griseus. Recently, the whole genome ... The discovery of streptomycin, an antituberculosis antibiotic, earned Selman Waksman the Nobel Prize in 1952. The award was not ... Wainwright, M. (1991). "Streptomycin: discovery and resultant controversy". Journal of the History and Philosophy of the Life ... Streptomycin is noteworthy because it is the first significant antibiotic discovered after penicillin, the first systemic ...
Walker JB (1971). "Enzymatic reactions involved in streptomycin biosynthesis and metabolism". Lloydia. 34 (4): 363-71. PMID ... Walker JB, Walker MS (1969). "Streptomycin biosynthesis. Transamination reactions involving inosamines and inosadiamines". ...
Walker MS, Walker JB (1971). "Streptomycin biosynthesis. Separation and substrate specificities of phosphatases acting on ... guanidinodeoxy-scyllo-inositol phosphate and streptomycin-(streptidino)phosphate". J. Biol. Chem. 246 (22): 7034-40. PMID ...
"Biosynthesis of streptomycin. Purification and properties of a dTDP-L-dihydrostreptose: streptidine-6-phosphate ...
... (also known as penicillin-streptomycin) is a mixture of penicillin G and streptomycin that is widely used in ... Streptomycin is a broad spectrum antibiotic against Gram negative bacteria and is also relatively inexpensive, but can be ... Penicillin-Streptomycin Solution. TOKU-E. Retrieved 19 June 2018. Martinez-Liarte, Jose H; Solano, Francisco; Lozano, Jose A ( ... Penicillin is a beta-lactam antibiotic that is effective in inhibiting Gram-positive bacteria, whereas streptomycin is an ...
Later, Alexander and Leidy studied the effect of antibiotics on Hib, finding streptomycin to be highly effective. The combined ... Alexander, HE; Leidy, G (1946), "Influence of Streptomycin on Type b Haemophilus influenzae", Science (published Aug 2, 1946), ... Alexander, Hattie E. (1946-08-01). "Streptomycin in pediatrics". The Journal of Pediatrics. 29 (2): 192-198. doi:10.1016/S0022- ...
In the late 1940s he furthered the introduction and use of streptomycin for pulmonary tuberculosis. He was appointed chairman ... Rubie J, Marshall G (6 November 1948). "Streptomycin: Present Position". Br Med J. 2 (4583): 831-832. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.4583. ...
Bugie was eventually awarded 0.2% of the royalties for streptomycin. After the discovery of streptomycin, Bugie worked on ... Bugie stated that she was informed about streptomycin by Waksman and Shatz and had no part in the discovery of streptomycin. ... When looking at the contributions made to the study and discovery of streptomycin, Bugie contributed as much, if not more than ... "Streptomycin - arrogance and anger". Pharmaceutical Journal. Retrieved 2018-08-16.[dead link] "Their Dispute Over Discovery of ...
UL was streptomycin resistant. The aerobiological stability of UL was a major concern, being sensitive to sunlight, and losing ... Gentamicin may be easier to obtain than streptomycin. There is also tentative evidence to support the use of quinolone ... Treatment is typically with the antibiotic streptomycin. Gentamicin, doxycycline, or ciprofloxacin may also be used. Between ... chloramphenicol or streptomycin. Long treatment courses may be necessary as relapses are common. Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, ...
Streptomycin followed by 10 months of Isoniazid and Ethambutol • No hepatotoxic drugs - 18-24 months of Streptomycin, ... In the US only, streptomycin is not considered a first line drug by ATS/IDSA/CDC because of high rates of resistance. The WHO ... streptomycin is SM or S First-line anti-tuberculous drug names are often remembered with the mnemonic "RIPE," referring to the ... streptomycin is abbreviated STM. Other abbreviations have been widely used (for example, the notations RIF, RFP, and RMP have ...
... produces streptomycin. List of Streptomyces species LPSN bacterio.net Straininfo of Streptomyces niger ...
Waksman and his student Schatz named it streptomycin. A sample was given by Dr. Waksman to the Mayo Clinic's expert researchers ... Feldman, William H.; Henshaw, H. Corwin (17 January 1948). "Streptomycin: A Valuable Anti-tuberculosis Agent". Br Med J. 1 ( ... Feldman WH; Hinshaw HC (1944). "Effects of streptomycin on experimental tuberculosis in guinea pigs". Proc. Staff Meet. Mayo ... Feldman, W. H.; Hinshaw, H. C.; Mann, F. C. (1945). "Streptomycin in experimental tuberculosis". American Review of ...
... requested a sample of streptomycin for testing in their guinea pig animal model of tuberculosis infection. After streptomycin ... When streptomycin was isolated from Streptomyces griseus by Albert Schatz, Elizabeth Bugie, and Selman Waksman at Rutgers ... Feldman, William H.; Hinshaw, H. Corwin (17 January 1948). "Streptomycin: A Valuable Anti-tuberculosis Agent". Br Med J. 1 ( ... Hinshaw HC; Feldman WH (1945). "Streptomycin in treatment of clinical tuberculosis: a preliminary report". Proc Staff Meet Mayo ...
... produces streptomycin, monazomycin. List of Streptomyces species LPSN bacterio.net Straininfo of ... "Streptomycin production by a new strain. Streptomyces mashuensis". The Journal of Antibiotics. 8 (2): 44-7. PMID 13242478. ed.- ... "Streptomycin production by a new strain. Streptomyces mashuensis". The Journal of Antibiotics. 8 (2): 44-7. PMID 13242478. ...
"Streptomycin treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis". Br Med J. 2 (4582): 769-82. October 1948. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.4582.769. PMC ... In this trial, there were two test groups: those "treated by streptomycin and bed-rest", and those "[treated] by bed-rest alone ... Yoshioka A (October 1998). "Use of randomisation in the Medical Research Council's clinical trial of streptomycin in pulmonary ... in 1948 into the efficacy of streptomycin in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. ...
Wainwright, M. (1991). Streptomycin: discovery and resultant controversy. Journal of the History and Philosophy of the Life ... and streptomycin and on the hypothesis that bacteria and other non-virus microbes cause cancer. In the 1980´s Wainwright ...
... discovery of Streptomycin); Rosalind Franklin (DNA); Carl Djerassi (the pill); Stephen Jay Gould (Evolutionary biology); Baruch ...
The 1952 prize, awarded solely to Selman Waksman for his discovery of streptomycin, omitted the recognition some felt due to ... Ainsworth, Steve (2006). "Streptomycin: arrogance and anger" (PDF). The Pharmaceutical Journal. 276: 237-238. Archived from the ... There was litigation brought by Schatz against Waksman over the details and credit of the streptomycin discovery; Schatz was ... Wainwright, Milton "A Response to William Kingston, "Streptomycin, Schatz versus Waksman, and the balance of Credit for ...
Streptomycin in Tuberculosis Trials Committee (1948). "Streptomycin treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. A Medical Research ...
"Streptomycin in Non-tuberculous Infections". Br Med J. 2 (4576): 552-553. 18 September 1948. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.4576.552. PMC ...
Streptomycin has been commonly used for some bacterial diseases here since the 1950s. Overreliance in treatment of Fire Blight ... See also § Streptomycin and § Pear. For one disease caused by Podosphaera aphanis see § Powdery Mildew of Strawberry. ... For a common disease and treatment see § Fire blight and § Streptomycin. For a common pest see § Cucumber Beetle. California ... 1981 found resistance had declined to ~5% at the original location and streptomycin usage resumed, but in 2006 pear again ...
Streptomycin in Tuberculosis Trials Committee (1948). "Streptomycin treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. A Medical Research ... The first published Randomized Controlled Trial in medicine appeared in the 1948 paper entitled "Streptomycin treatment of ...
The 1952 prize was awarded to Selman Waksman "for his discovery of streptomycin, the first antibiotic effective against ... Milton Wainwright (2005). "A Response to William Kingston, "Streptomycin, Schatz versus Waksman, and the balance of credit for ... Retrieved 21 March 2011.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) Wainwright, M. (1991). "Streptomycin: discovery and ... "Streptomycin: arrogance and anger" (PDF). The Pharmaceutical Journal. 276: 237. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 June ...
Resistant to isoniazid and streptomycin. Differential characteristics Phylogenetic position between rapidly and slowly growing ...
Availability of Streptomycin and Para-Aminosalicylic Acid -- United States Since April 1992, CDC has distributed streptomycin ... Additional information concerning streptomycin or para-aminosalicylic acid is available from CDCs Drug Service, Scientific ... Beginning July 6, 1993, CDC will no longer accept new requests from clinicians to place their patients on streptomycin. Such ... domestic production of streptomycin could be reestablished in the United States. In April 1993, the Food and Drug ...
STREPTOMYCIN SULFATE (UNII: CW25IKJ202) (STREPTOMYCIN SULFATE - UNII:CW25IKJ202) STREPTOMYCIN SULFATE. 1 kg in 1 kg. ... STREPTOMYCIN SULFATE powder. To receive this label RSS feed. Copy the URL below and paste it into your RSS Reader application. ... STREPTOMYCIN SULFATE powder. Out of scope - Out of scope for RxNorm and will not receive RxNorm normal forms. Out of scope ... STREPTOMYCIN SULFATE powder. If this SPL contains inactivated NDCs listed by the FDA initiated compliance action, they will be ...
The antibiotics streptomycin and tetracycline are commonly used to treat this ... gentamicin, has been tried as an alternative ... Antibiotics such as streptomycin, gentamicin, doxycycline, or ciprofloxacin are used to treat ... ... These include: Doxycycline Streptomycin Gentamicin Rifampin Often, you need to take the ... ...
Streptomycin is usually used in combination with agents that are known to be hepatotoxic and the role of streptomycin in liver ... Streptomycin is a broad spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic typically used for treatment of active tuberculosis, always in ... Streptomycin is usually used in combination with agents that are known to be hepatotoxic and the role of streptomycin in liver ... Streptomycin and antituberculosis antibiotic substances]. MENGHI P. MENGHI P. Med Ital. 1948 Jan-Feb;28(1):54-62. Med Ital. ...
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Streptomycin: discovery and resultant controversy. Hist Philos Life Sci. 1991;13:97-124.PubMedGoogle Scholar ... Etymologia: Streptomycin. Volume 25, Number 3-March 2019. Article Views: 537. Data is collected weekly and does not include ... Henry R. Etymologia: Streptomycin. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2019;25(3):450. doi:10.3201/eid2503.et2503.. ... Waksman was awarded a Nobel Prize in 1952 for his discovery of streptomycin, although much of the credit for the discovery has ...
Penicillins and Streptomycins in Dosage Market Size Value Per Capita in Vietnam 2022 - 2026 ... Forecast: Penicillins and Streptomycins in Dosage Market Size Value Per Capita in Vietnam 2022 - 2026 *US Dollars Per Capita ... Penicillins and Streptomycins in Dosage Market Size Value Per Capita in Vietnam *US Dollars Per Capita ... Forecast: Penicillins and Streptomycins in Dosage Market Size Value in Vietnam *US Dollars ...
Streptomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic recommended when less potentially hazardous therapeutic agents are ineffective or ...
STREPTOMYCIN SULFATE (UNII: CW25IKJ202) (STREPTOMYCIN - UNII:Y45QSO73OB) STREPTOMYCIN. 24.75 kg in 25 kg. ... AX PHARMACEUTICAL CORP- streptomycin sulfate powder. To receive this label RSS feed. Copy the URL below and paste it into your ... AX PHARMACEUTICAL CORP- streptomycin sulfate powder. Out of scope - Out of scope for RxNorm and will not receive RxNorm normal ... AX PHARMACEUTICAL CORP- streptomycin sulfate powder. If this SPL contains inactivated NDCs listed by the FDA initiated ...
LipF expression reduced the rifampicin (RIF) and streptomycin (STR) minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) from 3.12 μg/mL to ... Arriaga-Guerrero, A.L., Hernández-Luna, C.E., Rigal-Leal, J. et al. LipF increases rifampicin and streptomycin sensitivity in a ... LipF increases rifampicin and streptomycin sensitivity in a Mycobacterium tuberculosis surrogate. *Ana Leticia Arriaga-Guerrero ... LipF expression reduced the rifampicin (RIF) and streptomycin (STR) minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) from 3.12 μg/mL to ...
is backordered. We will ship it separately in 10 to 15 days.. ...
Streptomycin. Streptomycin is bactericidal in an alkaline environment. Because the drug is not absorbed from the gut, it must ... Without streptomycin, the frequency is approximately 3%. Because ethambutol can be used instead of streptomycin, and it appears ... Ethambutol or streptomycin (or streptomycin in children too young to be monitored for visual acuity) should be included in the ... and streptomycin or ethambutol for 2 wk followed pyrazinamide, and ethambutol or streptomycin isoniazid and rifampin daily or 2 ...
Streptomycin treatment of acute tuberculosis in children; a report on the meeting of experts organized by UNICEF and WHO, Paris ... dihydrostreptomycin and streptomycin, enrofloxacin, gentamicin, neomycin, oxolinic acid, spiramycin / monographs prepared by ...
Streptomycin. *Gentamicin. *Rifampin. Often, you need to take the drugs for 6 weeks. If there are complications from ...
Similar to streptomycin in its action and side effects, most organisms that are resistant to streptomycin are susceptible to ... Streptomycin. 15 mg/kg IM/IV. Ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, hypokalemia. Ethionamide. 15-20 mg/kg PO (usually 250-500 mg once or ... In the past, streptomycin had been greatly effective in treating many patients with TB. However, it is no longer used routinely ... Streptomycin is contraindicated in pregnancy because it is reported to damage the eighth cranial nerve in the fetus. ...
Altered S4 proteins in Escherichia coli revertants from streptomycin dependence to independence. (English) ... Altered S4 proteins in Escherichia coli revertants from streptomycin dependence to independence.. scientific article ... Escherichia coli: Reversion from streptomycin dependence, a mutation in a specific 30 s ribosomal protein ...
Streptomycin ELISA Kit , MBS846469 , MyBiosourceProduct Short Name: [Streptomycin]Product Name Synonyme: N/AOther Names: N/ ...
In persons older then 60 yr of age the daily dose of streptomycin should be limited to 10 mg/kg with a maximal dose of 750 mg. ... Streptomycin. 25 to 30 mg/kg. IM. 25 to 30 mg/kg. IM. ... Streptomycin. 20 to 40mg/ kg. IM. 15mg/kg**. IM. Ethambutol. 15 ...
penicillin trials and then streptomycin trials. Subsequently, he became the special assistant to the Secretary of Health, ...
... penicillin-streptomycin (PS; Gibco; NY, USA) in 5% CO2 at 37 °C. Fifth-passage hDPSCs were used for the bone tissue engineering ...
Pretreatment of Mice with Streptomycin Provides a Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Colitis Model That Allows Analysis of ... Comparison of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium colitis in germfree mice and mice pretreated with streptomycin. ... Flagella and chemotaxis are required for efficient induction of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium colitis in streptomycin ... Chronic Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium-induced colitis and cholangitis in streptomycin-pretreated Nramp1+/+ mice. ...
Penicillin-Streptomycin Solution, 10,000 units/ml Penicillin G Sodium Salt, 10mg/ml Streptomycin Sulfate. Toevoegen aan offerte ... Penicillin-Streptomycin Nystatin Solution, 10,000 units/ml Penicillin G Sodium Salt, 10mg/ml Streptomycin Sulfate, 1,250 units/ ... Penicillin-Streptomycin Nystatin Solution, 10,000 units/ml Penicillin G Sodium Salt, 10mg/ml Streptomycin Sulfate, 1,250 units/ ... Penicillin-Streptomycin Nystatin Solution, 10,000 units/ml Penicillin G Sodium Salt, 10mg/ml Streptomycin Sulfate, 1,250 units/ ...
Streptomycin, 15 mg/kg IM twice daily (should not exceed 2 gm/d) Gentamicin, 2.5 mg/kg IM or IV 3 times daily† ... Streptomycin is the drug of choice. Gentamicin, which is more widely available and can be used intravenously, is an acceptable ... Treatment with streptomycin, gentamicin, or ciprofloxacin should be continued for 10 days; treatment with doxycycline or ... Streptomycin, 1g IM twice daily Gentamicin, 5 mg/kg IM or IV once daily† ...
Example Values: "kanamycin MIC 100 μg/ml; streptomycin MIC 20 μg/ml." Data Source: Comments: 2. Bacteria Biovar Project- ...
streptomycin (T36.5-). T37. Excludes1: anti-infectives topically used for ear, nose and throat (T49.6-). anti-infectives ...
Streptomycin (1). * Substance P (2). * Tetracycline (1). * Thyroxine (T4) (2). * Transferrin (2). ...
... penicillin and streptomycin; InVitrogen, USA). To a T-75 Polypropylene culture flask (Corning, USA), 50 mls of complete media ...
Waksman was also cited for his discovery of streptomycin.. 1948. R. E. Dyer‡. NIH. Public Service Award. For his scientific ...
  • The antibiotics investigated were Penicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline and chloramphenicol. (academicjournals.org)
  • Selman Abraham Waksman, left, discoverer of streptomycin and neomycin, and Alexander Fleming, discoverer of penicillin, examine cultures at Rutgers University in 1949. (statnews.com)
  • Ethambutol (or streptomycin in children too young to be monitored for visual acuity) should also be included until the results of drug susceptibility studies are available, unless there is little possibility of drug resistance (see Section 1 above). (cdc.gov)
  • Since April 1992, CDC has distributed streptomycin to more than 1000 patients with active tuberculosis under an Investigational New Drug (IND) agreement until licensed, domestic production of streptomycin could be reestablished in the United States. (cdc.gov)
  • The first antibiotic discovered to treat tuberculosis in 1947 was streptomycin (STR) [ 2 ], this drug acts inhibiting protein synthesis through 30S ribosomal subunit inhibition [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • bacteria, which produces the antibiotic streptomycin. (cdc.gov)
  • In April 1993, the Food and Drug Administration issued a license allowing Pfizer Inc. to produce and distribute streptomycin. (cdc.gov)
  • Beginning July 6, 1993, CDC will no longer accept new requests from clinicians to place their patients on streptomycin. (cdc.gov)
  • CDC will continue to resupply any patients enrolled in the IND protocol before July 6, 1993, until they have completed their course of streptomycin therapy. (cdc.gov)
  • 34 medical practitioners are better in Nigeria than in the (40%) practitioners wrongly stated that streptomycin public hospitals and, therefore, about 70% of patients should be used for ND cases. (who.int)
  • 7005. Streptomycin-procaine penicillin. (nih.gov)
  • penicillin trials and then streptomycin trials. (nih.gov)
  • quinidine will increase the level or effect of streptomycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. (medscape.com)
  • Waksman was awarded a Nobel Prize in 1952 for his discovery of streptomycin, although much of the credit for the discovery has since been ascribed to Schatz. (cdc.gov)
  • Streptomycin, Schatz v. Waksman, and the balance of credit for discovery. (nih.gov)
  • Selman Waksman (1888-1973), discoverer of streptomycin: a centenary review. (nih.gov)
  • Wainwright M . Streptomycin: discovery and resultant controversy. (cdc.gov)
  • streptomycin increases effects of atracurium by pharmacodynamic synergism. (medscape.com)
  • streptomycin increases effects of cisatracurium by pharmacodynamic synergism. (medscape.com)
  • streptomycin increases effects of rapacuronium by pharmacodynamic synergism. (medscape.com)
  • streptomycin decreases effects of BCG vaccine live by pharmacodynamic antagonism. (medscape.com)
  • Ethambutol (or streptomycin in children too young to be monitored for visual acuity) should also be included until the results of drug susceptibility studies are available, unless there is little possibility of drug resistance (see Section 1 above). (cdc.gov)
  • Comroe JH Jr . Pay dirt: the story of streptomycin. (cdc.gov)
  • The aim of this essay is to discuss the streptomycin story, largely using previously unquoted archival material, and in particular to provide further evidence for the important role which Schatz played in the discovery. (nih.gov)

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