Streptomycin
Dihydrostreptomycin Sulfate
Streptomyces griseus
Drug Resistance, Microbial
Kanamycin
Spectinomycin
R Factors
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Ethambutol
Antitubercular Agents
Aminoglycosides
Escherichia coli
Rifampin
Neomycin
Isoniazid
Tetracycline
Chloramphenicol
Drug Resistance, Bacterial
Gentamicins
Conjugation, Genetic
Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Integrons
Buruli Ulcer
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant
Enterococcus faecalis
Ampicillin
Mutation
Plasmids
Penicillins
Culture Media
Antibiotics, Antitubercular
Framycetin
Ribosomes
Streptomyces
Brucellosis
Streptococcus
DNA Transposable Elements
Pharmacology
Salmonella typhimurium
Amidinotransferases
RNA, Bacterial
4-Butyrolactone
Mycobacterium ulcerans
Efflux-mediated aminoglycoside and macrolide resistance in Burkholderia pseudomallei. (1/1407)
Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, is intrinsically resistant to a wide range of antimicrobial agents including beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, macrolides, and polymyxins. We used Tn5-OT182 to mutagenize B. pseudomallei to identify the genes involved in aminoglycoside resistance. We report here on the identification of AmrAB-OprA, a multidrug efflux system in B. pseudomallei which is specific for both aminoglycoside and macrolide antibiotics. We isolated two transposon mutants, RM101 and RM102, which had 8- to 128-fold increases in their susceptibilities to the aminoglycosides streptomycin, gentamicin, neomycin, tobramycin, kanamycin, and spectinomycin. In addition, both mutants, in contrast to the parent, were susceptible to the macrolides erythromycin and clarithromycin but not to the lincosamide clindamycin. Sequencing of the DNA flanking the transposon insertions revealed a putative operon consisting of a resistance, nodulation, division-type transporter, a membrane fusion protein, an outer membrane protein, and a divergently transcribed regulatorprotein. Consistent with the presence of an efflux system, both mutants accumulated [3H] dihydro streptomycin, whereas the parent strain did not. We constructed an amr deletion strain, B. pseudomallei DD503, which was hypersusceptible to aminoglycosides and macrolides and which was used successfully in allelic exchange experiments. These results suggest that an efflux system is a major contributor to the inherent high-level aminoglycoside and macrolide resistance found in B. pseudomallei. (+info)The effect of streptomycin, oxytetracycline, tilmicosin and phenylbutazone on spermatogenesis in bulls. (2/1407)
To determine whether declining semen quality associated with health problems may be due to certain antibiotic or anti-inflammatory treatments, semen was collected 3 times per week for up to 42 d from 6 normal bulls after treatment with oxytetracycline, tilmicosin, dihydrostreptomycin, or phenylbutazone. No adverse effects on semen quality were observed. (+info)Enterococcal endocarditis: duration and mode of treatment. (3/1407)
This report summarizes data on sixteen patients with enterococcal endocarditis treated with penicillin and streptomycin. The experience reported suggests that a four week period is adequate for routine therapy in these patients, as in other forms of streptococcal endocarditis. It provides an additional group of patients successfully treated with penicillin and streptomycin. Two relapses were encountered. One of these received inadequate daily doses of penicillin. The other patient was clearly a failure of penicillin and streptomycin, but the failure in this instance could not be attributed to foreshortened treatment (6 weeks) or to high level streptomycin resistance of the infecting strain of Enterococcus. (+info)A five-year assessment of controlled trials of in-patient and out-patient treatment and of plaster-of-Paris jackets for tuberculosis of the spine in children on standard chemotherapy. Studies in Masan and Pusan, Korea. Fifth report of the Medical Research Council Working Party on tuberculosis of the spine. (4/1407)
In two centres in Korea 350 patients with a diagnosis of tuberculosis of the thoracic and/or lumbar spine were allocated at random: in Masan to in-patient rest in bed (IP) for six months followed by out-patient treatment or to ambulatory out-patient treatment (OP) from the start; in Pusan to out-patient treatment with a plaster-of-Paris jacket (J) for nine months or to ambulatory treatment without any support (No J). All patients recieved chemotherapy with PAS with isoniazid for eighteen months, either supplemented with streptomycin for the first three months (SPH) or without this supplement (PH), by random allocation. The main analysis of this report concerns 299 patients (eighty-three IP, eighty-three OP, sixty-three J, seventy No J; 143 SPH, 156 PH). Pre-treatment factors were similar in both centres except that the patients in Pusan had, on average, less extensive lesions although in a greater proportion the disease was radiographically active. One patient (J/SPH) died with active spinal disease and three (all No J/SPH) with paraplegia. A fifth patient (IP/PH) who died from cardio respiratory failure also had pulmonary tuberculosis. Twenty-three patients required operation and/or additional chemotherapy for the spinal lesion. A sinus or clinically evident abscess was either present initially or developed during treatment in 41 per cent of patients. Residual lesions persisted in ten patients (four IP, two OP, one J, three No J; six SPH, four PH) at five years. Thirty-two patients had paraparesis on admission or developing later. Complete resolution occurred in twenty on the allocated regimen and in eight after operation or additional chemotherapy or both. Of the remaining four atients, all of whom had operation and additional chemotherapy, three died and one still had paraparesis at five years. Of 295 patients assessed at five years 89 per cent had a favourable status. The proportions of the patients responding favourably were similar in the IP (91 per cent) and OP (89 per cent) series, in the J (90 per cent) and No J (84 per cent) series and in the SPH (86 per cent) and PH (92 per cent) series. (+info)In vitro activities of antibiotics alone and in combination against Brucella melitensis at neutral and acidic pHs. (5/1407)
Brucellae survive acidic pHs in phagolysosomes. Azithromycin, streptomycin, and quinolones were active against Brucella melitensis at pH 7.0 but not at pH 5.0; rifampin and doxycycline retained activity at pH 5.0. Regardless of pH, azithromycin-rifampin and ofloxacin-rifampin showed less synergy than established streptomycin-doxycycline and rifampin-doxycycline combinations. (+info)Estimation of growth rates of Escherichia coli BJ4 in streptomycin-treated and previously germfree mice by in situ rRNA hybridization. (6/1407)
The growth physiology of Escherichia coli during colonization of the intestinal tract was studied with four animal models: the streptomycin-treated mouse carrying a reduced microflora, the monoassociated mouse with no other microflora than the introduced strain, the conventionalized streptomycin-treated mouse, and the conventionalized monoassociated mouse harboring a full microflora. A 23S rRNA fluorescent oligonucleotide probe was used for hybridization to whole E. coli cells fixed directly after being taken from the animals, and the respective growth rates of E. coli BJ4 in the four animal models were estimated by correlating the cellular concentrations of ribosomes with the growth rate of the strain. The growth rates thus estimated from the ribosomal content of E. coli BJ4 in vivo did not differ in the streptomycin-treated and the monoassociated mice. After conventionalization there was a slight decrease of the bacterial growth rates in both animal models. (+info)Alkalinization-induced K+ current of the mouse megakaryocyte. (7/1407)
We have recently found that mouse megakaryocytes responded to extracellular alkalinization to pH > 8.0, generating a K+ current under voltage-clamped conditions with the whole cell recording mode of the patch-clamp technique. The purpose of this study was to physiologically and pharmacologically characterize the alkaline-dependent K+ conductance of the megakaryocyte membrane. The alkalinization-induced K+ current (I(ALK)) did not seem to be Ca2+-dependent since I(ALK) was allowed to be generated under intracellularly Ca2+-buffered conditions with 10 mM EGTA, which completely prevented the generation of caffeine-induced Ca2+-activated currents of mouse megakaryocytes; and no [Ca2+]i elevation was evoked by the alkalinization protocol in contrast to a significant increase in [Ca2+]i in response to caffeine when [Ca2+]i was measured with a fura 2 ratiometry. I(ALK) was strongly suppressed with tetraethylammonium (TEA), 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) and streptomycin (SM), but was completely resistant to quinidine (QND). The values of IC50 for the suppression of I(ALK) with TEA, 4-AP and SM were 5.6, 0.47 and 1.5 mM, respectively. Voltage-gated K+ currents (I(K)) of the same megakaryocyte preparation were weakly suppressed with TEA and 4-AP, while they were significantly suppressed with either SM or QND. These results suggest that mouse megakaryocytes possess K+ conductance that was activated by extracellular alkalinization and that probably differs from conventional K+ conductance in its pharmacological properties. (+info)Frequency of F116-mediated transduction of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a freshwater environment. (8/1407)
Transduction of Pseudomonas aeruginosa streptomycin resistance by a generalized transducing phage, F116, was shown to occur during a 10-day incubation in a flow-through environmental test chamber suspended in a freshwater reservoir. Mean F116 transduction frequencies ranged from 1.4 X 10(-5) to 8.3 X 10(-2) transductants per recipient during the in situ incubation. These transduction frequencies were comparable to transduction frequencies determined in preliminary laboratory transduction experiments. The results demonstrate the potential for naturally occurring transduction in aquatic environments and concurrent environmental and ecological ramifications. (+info)Buruli ulcer is most commonly seen in children and young adults, and the infection is more prevalent in areas with poor sanitation and hygiene. The disease may be acquired through contact with contaminated water or soil, or through direct skin-to-skin contact with an infected person.
The symptoms of Buruli ulcer can vary in severity and may include:
* Painless ulcers or nodules on the skin
* Swelling and redness around the affected area
* Fever
* Fatigue
* Loss of mobility or disfigurement if the infection is severe or left untreated
Buruli ulcer can be diagnosed through a combination of clinical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. Treatment typically involves antibiotics and surgical debridement of the affected tissue. In some cases, amputation may be necessary if the infection is severe or has caused significant tissue damage.
Prevention of Buruli ulcer is challenging, but it can be reduced by:
* Improving access to clean water and sanitation
* Practicing good hygiene, such as washing hands regularly
* Avoiding contact with contaminated water or soil
* Seeking medical attention promptly if skin lesions or ulcers develop.
Overall, Buruli ulcer is a debilitating and disfiguring disease that can have significant social and economic impacts on individuals and communities. Early diagnosis and treatment are critical to prevent long-term complications and improve outcomes for those affected.
Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) can develop when a person with TB does not complete their full treatment course as prescribed by a healthcare provider, or if they do not take their medications correctly. It can also develop in people who have weakened immune systems or other underlying health conditions that make them more susceptible to the development of drug-resistant bacteria.
MDR-TB is a significant global public health concern because it is harder to treat and can spread more easily than drug-sensitive TB. Treatment for MDR-TB typically involves using stronger medications that are more effective against drug-resistant bacteria, such as fluoroquinolones or aminoglycosides. However, these medications can have more side effects and may be less effective in some cases.
Preventing the development of MDR-TB is crucial, and this can be achieved by ensuring that all patients with TB receive complete and correct treatment as prescribed by a healthcare provider. Additionally, screening for drug resistance before starting treatment can help identify patients who may have MDR-TB and ensure they receive appropriate treatment from the outset.
The term "Salmonella Infections, Animal" is used to distinguish these infections from Salmonella infections that are caused by contaminated food or water, which are referred to as "Salmonella Infections, Human."
There are several types of brucellosis, including:
1. Brucella abortus: This type is primarily found in cattle and is the most common form of the disease in humans.
2. Brucella suis: This type is found in pigs and is less common in humans.
3. Brucella melitensis: This type is found in sheep, goats, and other animals, and is more virulent than B. abortus.
4. Brucella canis: This type is found in dogs and is rare in humans.
The symptoms of brucellosis can vary depending on the severity of the infection and the individual's overall health. Common symptoms include:
1. Fever
2. Headache
3. Joint pain
4. Muscle pain
5. Swelling of the lymph nodes and spleen
6. Fatigue
7. Loss of appetite
8. Weight loss
In severe cases, brucellosis can cause complications such as:
1. Endocarditis (infection of the heart valves)
2. Meningitis (inflammation of the lining around the brain and spinal cord)
3. Osteomyelitis (infection of the bone)
4. Testicular inflammation in men
5. Epididymitis (inflammation of the epididymis, a tube that carries sperm from the testicle to the penis)
6. Inflammation of the heart muscle and valves
7. Pneumonia
8. Inflammation of the liver and spleen
Brucellosis is diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. Treatment typically involves antibiotics, and early treatment can help prevent complications. Prevention measures include avoiding contact with infected animals and ensuring proper hygiene practices when handling livestock or wild game.
Prevention of Salmonella Infections includes proper food handling and storage practices, such as cooking foods to the correct temperature, storing foods at the right refrigerator temperature, and washing hands frequently. Vaccines are also available for people who are at high risk of developing severe Salmonella infections.
Complications of a Salmonella Infection can include dehydration, bacteremia (the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream), and meningitis (inflammation of the lining around the brain and spinal cord). In rare cases, a Salmonella infection can lead to long-term health problems such as irritable bowel syndrome or reactive arthritis.
Overall, prompt treatment and proper prevention measures are important for reducing the risk of complications from a Salmonella infection.
Streptomycin
Streptomycin 3"-adenylyltransferase
Streptomycin 3"-kinase
Streptomycin 6-kinase
Streptomycin-6-phosphatase
Glutamine-scyllo-inositol transaminase
Streptomyces griseus
1D-1-guanidino-3-amino-1,3-dideoxy-scyllo-inositol transaminase
Guanidinodeoxy-scyllo-inositol-4-phosphatase
DTDP-dihydrostreptose-streptidine-6-phosphate dihydrostreptosyltransferase
Pen-Strep
Hattie Alexander
Geoffrey Marshall (physician)
Elizabeth Bugie
Tularemia
Tuberculosis management
Streptomyces niger
William Hugh Feldman
Horton Corwin Hinshaw
Streptomyces mashuensis
Placebo-controlled study
Milton Wainwright
Jewish culture
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
Timeline of global health
Clifford Wilson (nephrologist)
Agriculture in California
Randomized controlled trial
Nobel Prize controversies
Mycobacterium intermedium
Availability of Streptomycin and Para-Aminosalicylic Acid --
United States
DailyMed - STREPTOMYCIN SULFATE powder
MedlinePlus - Search Results for: STREPTOMYCIN
Streptomycin - PubMed
Browsing EB3 by Subject "Streptomycin"
Etymologia: Streptomycin - Volume 25, Number 3-March 2019 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
Forecast: Penicillins and Streptomycins in Dosage Market Size Value Per Capita in Vietnam 2022 - 2026
Anthrax Medication: Antibiotics, Other, Corticosteroids, Antidotes, Other, Vaccines
DailyMed - AX PHARMACEUTICAL CORP- streptomycin sulfate powder
LipF increases rifampicin and streptomycin sensitivity in a Mycobacterium tuberculosis surrogate | BMC Microbiology | Full Text
Penicillin:Streptomycin Solution 100X - Buffers and Reagents
Treatment of Tuberculosis and Tuberculosis Infection in Adults and Children
Results of search for 'su:{Streptomycin}'
›
WHO HQ Library catalog
Brucellosis: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
Course Content - #94554: Tuberculosis: An Update - NetCE
Ribosomal proteins. XVI. Altered S4 proteins in Escherichia coli revertants from streptomycin dependence to independence. -...
MBS2702528 | Rat Parathyroid Hormone Related Protein (PTHrP) ELISA Kit | MyBiosource
Pyrazinamide (Pyrazinamide): Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Interactions, Warning
History of Health Services Research Project: Interview with Dr. Philip Randolph Lee
A computer-designed scaffold for bone regeneration within cranial defect using human dental pulp stem cells | Scientific Reports
Pretreatment of Mice with Streptomycin Provides a Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Colitis Model That Allows Analysis of...
Penicillin-Streptomycin Nystatin Solution, 10,000 units/ml Penicillin G Sodium Salt, 10mg/ml Streptomycin Sulfate, 1,250 units...
CDC Tularemia | Abstract: "Consensus Statement: Tularemia as a Biological Weapon: Medical and Public Health Management"
DMID Metadata Standards Bacteria Specific | NIH: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
ICD-10 Code for Poisoning by antimycobacterial drugs, accidental (unintentional)- T37.1X1- Codify by AAPC
Results for 'ELISA and Matched Antibody Pair Kits > Competitive' | Abcam: antibodies, proteins,...
Heart Cells with Regenerative Potential from Pediatric Patients with End Stage Heart Failure: A Translatable Method to Enrich...
Tetracycline1
- The antibiotics investigated were Penicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline and chloramphenicol. (academicjournals.org)
Neomycin1
- Selman Abraham Waksman, left, discoverer of streptomycin and neomycin, and Alexander Fleming, discoverer of penicillin, examine cultures at Rutgers University in 1949. (statnews.com)
Ethambutol1
- Ethambutol (or streptomycin in children too young to be monitored for visual acuity) should also be included until the results of drug susceptibility studies are available, unless there is little possibility of drug resistance (see Section 1 above). (cdc.gov)
Tuberculosis2
- Since April 1992, CDC has distributed streptomycin to more than 1000 patients with active tuberculosis under an Investigational New Drug (IND) agreement until licensed, domestic production of streptomycin could be reestablished in the United States. (cdc.gov)
- The first antibiotic discovered to treat tuberculosis in 1947 was streptomycin (STR) [ 2 ], this drug acts inhibiting protein synthesis through 30S ribosomal subunit inhibition [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Antibiotic1
- bacteria, which produces the antibiotic streptomycin. (cdc.gov)
Drug1
- In April 1993, the Food and Drug Administration issued a license allowing Pfizer Inc. to produce and distribute streptomycin. (cdc.gov)
Patients3
- Beginning July 6, 1993, CDC will no longer accept new requests from clinicians to place their patients on streptomycin. (cdc.gov)
- CDC will continue to resupply any patients enrolled in the IND protocol before July 6, 1993, until they have completed their course of streptomycin therapy. (cdc.gov)
- 34 medical practitioners are better in Nigeria than in the (40%) practitioners wrongly stated that streptomycin public hospitals and, therefore, about 70% of patients should be used for ND cases. (who.int)
Penicillin2
Quinidine1
- quinidine will increase the level or effect of streptomycin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. (medscape.com)
Discovery of streptomycin1
- Waksman was awarded a Nobel Prize in 1952 for his discovery of streptomycin, although much of the credit for the discovery has since been ascribed to Schatz. (cdc.gov)
Waksman2
Wainwright1
- Wainwright M . Streptomycin: discovery and resultant controversy. (cdc.gov)
Increases3
- streptomycin increases effects of atracurium by pharmacodynamic synergism. (medscape.com)
- streptomycin increases effects of cisatracurium by pharmacodynamic synergism. (medscape.com)
- streptomycin increases effects of rapacuronium by pharmacodynamic synergism. (medscape.com)
Effects1
- streptomycin decreases effects of BCG vaccine live by pharmacodynamic antagonism. (medscape.com)
Results1
- Ethambutol (or streptomycin in children too young to be monitored for visual acuity) should also be included until the results of drug susceptibility studies are available, unless there is little possibility of drug resistance (see Section 1 above). (cdc.gov)