Stem cells. Medical search

Relatively undifferentiated cells that retain the ability to divide and proliferate throughout postnatal life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells.

Progenitor cells from which all blood cells derive.

The transfer of STEM CELLS from one individual to another within the same species (TRANSPLANTATION, HOMOLOGOUS) or between species (XENOTRANSPLANTATION), or transfer within the same individual (TRANSPLANTATION, AUTOLOGOUS). The source and location of the stem cells determines their potency or pluripotency to differentiate into various cell types.

Cells derived from the BLASTOCYST INNER CELL MASS which forms before implantation in the uterine wall. They retain the ability to divide, proliferate and provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells.

Cells with high proliferative and self renewal capacities derived from adults.

Cells that can give rise to cells of the three different GERM LAYERS.

Transfer of HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS from BONE MARROW or BLOOD between individuals within the same species (TRANSPLANTATION, HOMOLOGOUS) or transfer within the same individual (TRANSPLANTATION, AUTOLOGOUS). Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has been used as an alternative to BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION in the treatment of a variety of neoplasms.

A particular zone of tissue composed of a specialized microenvironment where stem cells are retained in a undifferentiated, self-renewable state.

Self-renewing cells that generate the main phenotypes of the nervous system in both the embryo and adult. Neural stem cells are precursors to both NEURONS and NEUROGLIA.

Cells from adult organisms that have been reprogrammed into a pluripotential state similar to that of EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS.

Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.

Specialized stem cells that are committed to give rise to cells that have a particular function; examples are MYOBLASTS; MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS; and skin stem cells. (Stem Cells: A Primer [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institutes of Health (US); 2000 May [cited 2002 Apr 5]. Available from: http://www.nih.gov/news/stemcell/primer.htm)

Transfer of MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS between individuals within the same species (TRANSPLANTATION, HOMOLOGOUS) or transfer within the same individual (TRANSPLANTATION, AUTOLOGOUS).

A hematopoietic growth factor and the ligand of the cell surface c-kit protein (PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEINS C-KIT). It is expressed during embryogenesis and is a growth factor for a number of cell types including the MAST CELLS and the MELANOCYTES in addition to the HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS.

Bone-marrow-derived, non-hematopoietic cells that support HEMATOPOETIC STEM CELLS. They have also been isolated from other organs and tissues such as UMBILICAL CORD BLOOD, umbilical vein subendothelium, and WHARTON JELLY. These cells are considered to be a source of multipotent stem cells because they include subpopulations of mesenchymal stem cells.

The developmental history of specific differentiated cell types as traced back to the original STEM CELLS in the embryo.

Experimentation on STEM CELLS and on the use of stem cells.

Parts of plants that usually grow vertically upwards towards the light and support the leaves, buds, and reproductive structures. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)

Cells derived from a FETUS that retain the ability to divide, proliferate and provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells.

All of the processes involved in increasing CELL NUMBER including CELL DIVISION.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

The release of stem cells from the bone marrow into the peripheral blood circulation for the purpose of leukapheresis, prior to stem cell transplantation. Hematopoietic growth factors or chemotherapeutic agents often are used to stimulate the mobilization.

Highly proliferative, self-renewing, and colony-forming stem cells which give rise to NEOPLASMS.

Cells contained in the bone marrow including fat cells (see ADIPOCYTES); STROMAL CELLS; MEGAKARYOCYTES; and the immediate precursors of most blood cells.

The physiological renewal, repair, or replacement of tissue.

An octamer transcription factor that is expressed primarily in totipotent embryonic STEM CELLS and GERM CELLS and is down-regulated during CELL DIFFERENTIATION.

Methods for maintaining or growing CELLS in vitro.

A field of medicine concerned with developing and using strategies aimed at repair or replacement of damaged, diseased, or metabolically deficient organs, tissues, and cells via TISSUE ENGINEERING; CELL TRANSPLANTATION; and ARTIFICIAL ORGANS and BIOARTIFICIAL ORGANS and tissues.

Transplantation of an individual's own tissue from one site to another site.

The development and formation of various types of BLOOD CELLS. Hematopoiesis can take place in the BONE MARROW (medullary) or outside the bone marrow (HEMATOPOIESIS, EXTRAMEDULLARY).

Transplantation of stem cells collected from the peripheral blood. It is a less invasive alternative to direct marrow harvesting of hematopoietic stem cells. Enrichment of stem cells in peripheral blood can be achieved by inducing mobilization of stem cells from the BONE MARROW.

Single cells that have the potential to form an entire organism. They have the capacity to specialize into extraembryonic membranes and tissues, the embryo, and all postembryonic tissues and organs. (Stem Cells: A Primer [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institutes of Health (US); 2000 May [cited 2002 Apr 5]. Available from: http://www.nih.gov/news/stemcell/primer.htm)

Glycoproteins found on immature hematopoietic cells and endothelial cells. They are the only molecules to date whose expression within the blood system is restricted to a small number of progenitor cells in the bone marrow.

Transplantation between individuals of the same species. Usually refers to genetically disparate individuals in contradistinction to isogeneic transplantation for genetically identical individuals.

Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake.

The entity of a developing mammal (MAMMALS), generally from the cleavage of a ZYGOTE to the end of embryonic differentiation of basic structures. For the human embryo, this represents the first two months of intrauterine development preceding the stages of the FETUS.

A subclass of SOX transcription factors that are expressed in neuronal tissue where they may play a role in the regulation of CELL DIFFERENTIATION. Members of this subclass are generally considered to be transcriptional activators.

Euploid male germ cells of an early stage of SPERMATOGENESIS, derived from prespermatogonia. With the onset of puberty, spermatogonia at the basement membrane of the seminiferous tubule proliferate by mitotic then meiotic divisions and give rise to the haploid SPERMATOCYTES.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

A cytologic technique for measuring the functional capacity of stem cells by assaying their activity.

Therapies that involve the TRANSPLANTATION of CELLS or TISSUES developed for the purpose of restoring the function of diseased or dysfunctional cells or tissues.

Mice homozygous for the mutant autosomal recessive gene "scid" which is located on the centromeric end of chromosome 16. These mice lack mature, functional lymphocytes and are thus highly susceptible to lethal opportunistic infections if not chronically treated with antibiotics. The lack of B- and T-cell immunity resembles severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) syndrome in human infants. SCID mice are useful as animal models since they are receptive to implantation of a human immune system producing SCID-human (SCID-hu) hematochimeric mice.

Generating tissue in vitro for clinical applications, such as replacing wounded tissues or impaired organs. The use of TISSUE SCAFFOLDING enables the generation of complex multi-layered tissues and tissue structures.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action during the developmental stages of an organism.

A protein-tyrosine kinase receptor that is specific for STEM CELL FACTOR. This interaction is crucial for the development of hematopoietic, gonadal, and pigment stem cells. Genetic mutations that disrupt the expression of PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEINS C-KIT are associated with PIEBALDISM, while overexpression or constitutive activation of the c-kit protein-tyrosine kinase is associated with tumorigenesis.

Transplantation of STEM CELLS collected from the fetal blood remaining in the UMBILICAL CORD and the PLACENTA after delivery. Included are the HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS.

A type VI intermediate filament protein expressed mostly in nerve cells where it is associated with the survival, renewal and mitogen-stimulated proliferation of neural progenitor cells.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.

The determination of the pattern of genes expressed at the level of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION, under specific circumstances or in a specific cell.

The reproductive cells in multicellular organisms at various stages during GAMETOGENESIS.

Proteins encoded by homeobox genes (GENES, HOMEOBOX) that exhibit structural similarity to certain prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA-binding proteins. Homeodomain proteins are involved in the control of gene expression during morphogenesis and development (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, DEVELOPMENTAL).

A tube-like invagination of the EPIDERMIS from which the hair shaft develops and into which SEBACEOUS GLANDS open. The hair follicle is lined by a cellular inner and outer root sheath of epidermal origin and is invested with a fibrous sheath derived from the dermis. (Stedman, 26th ed) Follicles of very long hairs extend into the subcutaneous layer of tissue under the SKIN.

The part of the brain that connects the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES with the SPINAL CORD. It consists of the MESENCEPHALON; PONS; and MEDULLA OBLONGATA.

Experimentation on, or using the organs or tissues from, a human or other mammalian conceptus during the prenatal stage of development that is characterized by rapid morphological changes and the differentiation of basic structures. In humans, this includes the period from the time of fertilization to the end of the eighth week after fertilization.

The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.

The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability.

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

A technique of culturing mixed cell types in vitro to allow their synergistic or antagonistic interactions, such as on CELL DIFFERENTIATION or APOPTOSIS. Coculture can be of different types of cells, tissues, or organs from normal or disease states.

Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.

The transference of BONE MARROW from one human or animal to another for a variety of purposes including HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION or MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION.

The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM.

The fission of a CELL. It includes CYTOKINESIS, when the CYTOPLASM of a cell is divided, and CELL NUCLEUS DIVISION.

A reverse developmental process in which terminally differentiated cells with specialized functions revert back to a less differentiated stage within their own CELL LINEAGE.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

Blood of the fetus. Exchange of nutrients and waste between the fetal and maternal blood occurs via the PLACENTA. The cord blood is blood contained in the umbilical vessels (UMBILICAL CORD) at the time of delivery.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process.

Protein analogs and derivatives of the Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein that emit light (FLUORESCENCE) when excited with ULTRAVIOLET RAYS. They are used in REPORTER GENES in doing GENETIC TECHNIQUES. Numerous mutants have been made to emit other colors or be sensitive to pH.

Preparative treatment of transplant recipient with various conditioning regimens including radiation, immune sera, chemotherapy, and/or immunosuppressive agents, prior to transplantation. Transplantation conditioning is very common before bone marrow transplantation.

The soft tissue filling the cavities of bones. Bone marrow exists in two types, yellow and red. Yellow marrow is found in the large cavities of large bones and consists mostly of fat cells and a few primitive blood cells. Red marrow is a hematopoietic tissue and is the site of production of erythrocytes and granular leukocytes. Bone marrow is made up of a framework of connective tissue containing branching fibers with the frame being filled with marrow cells.

A true neoplasm composed of a number of different types of tissue, none of which is native to the area in which it occurs. It is composed of tissues that are derived from three germinal layers, the endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. They are classified histologically as mature (benign) or immature (malignant). (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1642)

Differentiation antigens residing on mammalian leukocytes. CD stands for cluster of differentiation, which refers to groups of monoclonal antibodies that show similar reactivity with certain subpopulations of antigens of a particular lineage or differentiation stage. The subpopulations of antigens are also known by the same CD designation.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.

Spontaneous aggregations of human embryonic stem cells that occur in vitro after culturing in a medium that lacks LEUKEMIC INHIBITORY FACTOR. The embryoid bodies can further differentiate into cells that represent different lineages.

The process that reverts CELL NUCLEI of fully differentiated somatic cells to a pluripotent or totipotent state. This process can be achieved to a certain extent by NUCLEAR TRANSFER TECHNIQUES, such as fusing somatic cell nuclei with enucleated pluripotent embryonic stem cells or enucleated totipotent oocytes. GENE EXPRESSION PROFILING of the fused hybrid cells is used to determine the degree of reprogramming. Dramatic results of nuclear reprogramming include the generation of cloned mammals, such as Dolly the sheep in 1997.

Spherical, heterogeneous aggregates of proliferating, quiescent, and necrotic cells in culture that retain three-dimensional architecture and tissue-specific functions. The ability to form spheroids is a characteristic trait of CULTURED TUMOR CELLS derived from solid TUMORS. Cells from normal tissues can also form spheroids. They represent an in-vitro model for studies of the biology of both normal and malignant cells. (From Bjerkvig, Spheroid Culture in Cancer Research, 1992, p4)

Transference of cells within an individual, between individuals of the same species, or between individuals of different species.

Formation of NEURONS which involves the differentiation and division of STEM CELLS in which one or both of the daughter cells become neurons.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

The formation of cartilage. This process is directed by CHONDROCYTES which continually divide and lay down matrix during development. It is sometimes a precursor to OSTEOGENESIS.

A genus of the family RETROVIRIDAE consisting of non-oncogenic retroviruses that produce multi-organ diseases characterized by long incubation periods and persistent infection. Lentiviruses are unique in that they contain open reading frames (ORFs) between the pol and env genes and in the 3' env region. Five serogroups are recognized, reflecting the mammalian hosts with which they are associated. HIV-1 is the type species.

The clinical entity characterized by anorexia, diarrhea, loss of hair, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, growth retardation, and eventual death brought about by the GRAFT VS HOST REACTION.

The movement of cells from one location to another. Distinguish from CYTOKINESIS which is the process of dividing the CYTOPLASM of a cell.

A strain of non-obese diabetic mice developed in Japan that has been widely studied as a model for T-cell-dependent autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in which insulitis is a major histopathologic feature, and in which genetic susceptibility is strongly MHC-linked.

Non-invasive imaging of cells that have been labeled non-destructively, such as with nanoemulsions or reporter genes that can be detected by molecular imaging, to monitor their location, viability, cell lineage expansion, response to drugs, movement, or other behaviors in vivo.

A glycoprotein of MW 25 kDa containing internal disulfide bonds. It induces the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of neutrophilic granulocyte precursor cells and functionally activates mature blood neutrophils. Among the family of colony-stimulating factors, G-CSF is the most potent inducer of terminal differentiation to granulocytes and macrophages of leukemic myeloid cell lines.

A cell adhesion protein that was originally identified as a heat stable antigen in mice. It is involved in METASTASIS and is highly expressed in many NEOPLASMS.

Cell growth support structures composed of BIOCOMPATIBLE MATERIALS. They are specially designed solid support matrices for cell attachment in TISSUE ENGINEERING and GUIDED TISSUE REGENERATION uses.

A richly vascularized and innervated connective tissue of mesodermal origin, contained in the central cavity of a tooth and delimited by the dentin, and having formative, nutritive, sensory, and protective functions. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)

Transplantation between animals of different species.

An annular transitional zone, approximately 1 mm wide, between the cornea and the bulbar conjunctiva and sclera. It is highly vascular and is involved in the metabolism of the cornea. It is ophthalmologically significant in that it appears on the outer surface of the eyeball as a slight furrow, marking the line between the clear cornea and the sclera. (Dictionary of Visual Science, 3d ed)

The malignant stem cells of TERATOCARCINOMAS, which resemble pluripotent stem cells of the BLASTOCYST INNER CELL MASS. The EC cells can be grown in vitro, and experimentally induced to differentiate. They are used as a model system for studying early embryonic cell differentiation.

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

The number of CELLS of a specific kind, usually measured per unit volume or area of sample.

Cell-surface molecules that exhibit lineage-restricted patterns of expression during EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT. The antigens are useful markers in the identification of EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS.

The differentiation of pre-adipocytes into mature ADIPOCYTES.

Neoplasms located in the blood and blood-forming tissue (the bone marrow and lymphatic tissue). The commonest forms are the various types of LEUKEMIA, of LYMPHOMA, and of the progressive, life-threatening forms of the MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES.

The survival of a graft in a host, the factors responsible for the survival and the changes occurring within the graft during growth in the host.

A group of genetically identical cells all descended from a single common ancestral cell by mitosis in eukaryotes or by binary fission in prokaryotes. Clone cells also include populations of recombinant DNA molecules all carrying the same inserted sequence. (From King & Stansfield, Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

An individual that contains cell populations derived from different zygotes.

A family of conserved cell surface receptors that contain EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR repeats in their extracellular domain and ANKYRIN repeats in their cytoplasmic domains. The cytoplasmic domain of notch receptors is released upon ligand binding and translocates to the CELL NUCLEUS where it acts as transcription factor.

The quality of surface form or outline of CELLS.

The transfer of bacterial DNA by phages from an infected bacterium to another bacterium. This also refers to the transfer of genes into eukaryotic cells by viruses. This naturally occurring process is routinely employed as a GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUE.

A genetic process by which the adult organism is realized via mechanisms that lead to the restriction in the possible fates of cells, eventually leading to their differentiated state. Mechanisms involved cause heritable changes to cells without changes to DNA sequence such as DNA METHYLATION; HISTONE modification; DNA REPLICATION TIMING; NUCLEOSOME positioning; and heterochromatization which result in selective gene expression or repression.

Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.

DNA molecules capable of autonomous replication within a host cell and into which other DNA sequences can be inserted and thus amplified. Many are derived from PLASMIDS; BACTERIOPHAGES; or VIRUSES. They are used for transporting foreign genes into recipient cells. Genetic vectors possess a functional replicator site and contain GENETIC MARKERS to facilitate their selective recognition.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Filaments 7-11 nm in diameter found in the cytoplasm of all cells. Many specific proteins belong to this group, e.g., desmin, vimentin, prekeratin, decamin, skeletin, neurofilin, neurofilament protein, and glial fibrillary acid protein.

Connective tissue cells of an organ found in the loose connective tissue. These are most often associated with the uterine mucosa and the ovary as well as the hematopoietic system and elsewhere.

Wnt proteins are a large family of secreted glycoproteins that play essential roles in EMBRYONIC AND FETAL DEVELOPMENT, and tissue maintenance. They bind to FRIZZLED RECEPTORS and act as PARACRINE PROTEIN FACTORS to initiate a variety of SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS. The canonical Wnt signaling pathway stabilizes the transcriptional coactivator BETA CATENIN.

An organism that, as a result of transplantation of donor tissue or cells, consists of two or more cell lines descended from at least two zygotes. This state may result in the induction of donor-specific TRANSPLANTATION TOLERANCE.

Nonparasitic free-living flatworms of the class Turbellaria. The most common genera are Dugesia, formerly Planaria, which lives in water, and Bipalium, which lives on land. Geoplana occurs in South America and California.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

The decrease in the cell's ability to proliferate with the passing of time. Each cell is programmed for a certain number of cell divisions and at the end of that time proliferation halts. The cell enters a quiescent state after which it experiences CELL DEATH via the process of APOPTOSIS.

Cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body by forming cellular layers (EPITHELIUM) or masses. Epithelial cells lining the SKIN; the MOUTH; the NOSE; and the ANAL CANAL derive from ectoderm; those lining the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM and the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM derive from endoderm; others (CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM and LYMPHATIC SYSTEM) derive from mesoderm. Epithelial cells can be classified mainly by cell shape and function into squamous, glandular and transitional epithelial cells.

Striated muscle cells found in the heart. They are derived from cardiac myoblasts (MYOBLASTS, CARDIAC).

The complex series of phenomena, occurring between the end of one CELL DIVISION and the end of the next, by which cellular material is duplicated and then divided between two daughter cells. The cell cycle includes INTERPHASE, which includes G0 PHASE; G1 PHASE; S PHASE; and G2 PHASE, and CELL DIVISION PHASE.

These growth factors comprise a family of hematopoietic regulators with biological specificities defined by their ability to support proliferation and differentiation of blood cells of different lineages. ERYTHROPOIETIN and the COLONY-STIMULATING FACTORS belong to this family. Some of these factors have been studied and used in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia, myelodysplastic syndromes, and bone marrow failure syndromes.

Cell changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the ability to invade, metastasize, and kill.

A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.

One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA; (DNA FRAGMENTATION); at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.

A naturally occurring phenomenon where terminally differentiated cells dedifferentiate to the point where they can switch CELL LINEAGES. The cells then differentiate into other cell types.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

Acidic sulfated integral membrane glycoproteins expressed in several alternatively spliced and variable glycosylated forms on a wide variety of cell types including mature T-cells, B-cells, medullary thymocytes, granulocytes, macrophages, erythrocytes, and fibroblasts. CD44 antigens are the principle cell surface receptors for hyaluronate and this interaction mediates binding of lymphocytes to high endothelial venules. (From Abbas et al., Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 2d ed, p156)

Local surroundings with which cells interact by processing various chemical and physical signals, and by contributing their own effects to this environment.

The middle germ layer of an embryo derived from three paired mesenchymal aggregates along the neural tube.

Connective tissue cells which secrete an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.

Elongated, spindle-shaped, quiescent myoblasts lying in close contact with adult skeletal muscle. They are thought to play a role in muscle repair and regeneration.

A complex signaling pathway whose name is derived from the DROSOPHILA Wg gene, which when mutated results in the wingless phenotype, and the vertebrate INT gene, which is located near integration sites of MOUSE MAMMARY TUMOR VIRUS. The signaling pathway is initiated by the binding of WNT PROTEINS to cells surface WNT RECEPTORS which interact with the AXIN SIGNALING COMPLEX and an array of second messengers that influence the actions of BETA CATENIN.

Process of classifying cells of the immune system based on structural and functional differences. The process is commonly used to analyze and sort T-lymphocytes into subsets based on CD antigens by the technique of flow cytometry.

Hybridization of a nucleic acid sample to a very large set of OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBES, which have been attached individually in columns and rows to a solid support, to determine a BASE SEQUENCE, or to detect variations in a gene sequence, GENE EXPRESSION, or for GENE MAPPING.

The flexible rope-like structure that connects a developing FETUS to the PLACENTA in mammals. The cord contains blood vessels which carry oxygen and nutrients from the mother to the fetus and waste products away from the fetus.

The three primary germinal layers (ECTODERM; ENDODERM; and MESODERM) developed during GASTRULATION that provide tissues and body plan of a mature organism. They derive from two early layers, hypoblast and epiblast.

An INTERLEUKIN-6 related cytokine that exhibits pleiotrophic effects on many physiological systems that involve cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Leukemia inhibitory factor binds to and acts through the lif receptor.

Irradiation of the whole body with ionizing or non-ionizing radiation. It is applicable to humans or animals but not to microorganisms.

Cells used in COCULTURE TECHNIQUES which support the growth of the other cells in the culture. Feeder cells provide auxillary substances including attachment substrates, nutrients, or other factors that are needed for growth in culture.

The inner of the three germ layers of an embryo.

Culture media containing biologically active components obtained from previously cultured cells or tissues that have released into the media substances affecting certain cell functions (e.g., growth, lysis).

Small double-stranded, non-protein coding RNAs, 21-25 nucleotides in length generated from single-stranded microRNA gene transcripts by the same RIBONUCLEASE III, Dicer, that produces small interfering RNAs (RNA, SMALL INTERFERING). They become part of the RNA-INDUCED SILENCING COMPLEX and repress the translation (TRANSLATION, GENETIC) of target RNA by binding to homologous 3'UTR region as an imperfect match. The small temporal RNAs (stRNAs), let-7 and lin-4, from C. elegans, are the first 2 miRNAs discovered, and are from a class of miRNAs involved in developmental timing.

A group of differentiation surface antigens, among the first to be discovered on thymocytes and T-lymphocytes. Originally identified in the mouse, they are also found in other species including humans, and are expressed on brain neurons and other cells.

A group of plant cells that are capable of dividing infinitely and whose main function is the production of new growth at the growing tip of a root or stem. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)

The male gonad containing two functional parts: the SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES for the production and transport of male germ cells (SPERMATOGENESIS) and the interstitial compartment containing LEYDIG CELLS that produce ANDROGENS.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

The external, nonvascular layer of the skin. It is made up, from within outward, of five layers of EPITHELIUM: (1) basal layer (stratum basale epidermidis); (2) spinous layer (stratum spinosum epidermidis); (3) granular layer (stratum granulosum epidermidis); (4) clear layer (stratum lucidum epidermidis); and (5) horny layer (stratum corneum epidermidis).

The preparation of leukocyte concentrates with the return of red cells and leukocyte-poor plasma to the donor.

The blood-making organs and tissues, principally the bone marrow and lymph nodes.

A multi-functional catenin that participates in CELL ADHESION and nuclear signaling. Beta catenin binds CADHERINS and helps link their cytoplasmic tails to the ACTIN in the CYTOSKELETON via ALPHA CATENIN. It also serves as a transcriptional co-activator and downstream component of WNT PROTEIN-mediated SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS.

Bone-forming cells which secrete an EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX. HYDROXYAPATITE crystals are then deposited into the matrix to form bone.

A nucleoside that substitutes for thymidine in DNA and thus acts as an antimetabolite. It causes breaks in chromosomes and has been proposed as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. It has been given orphan drug status for use in the treatment of primary brain tumors.

A progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. Leukemias were originally termed acute or chronic based on life expectancy but now are classified according to cellular maturity. Acute leukemias consist of predominately immature cells; chronic leukemias are composed of more mature cells. (From The Merck Manual, 2006)

A bone morphogenetic protein that is a potent inducer of bone formation. It also functions as a regulator of MESODERM formation during EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT.

Genes that are introduced into an organism using GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

Family of RNA viruses that infects birds and mammals and encodes the enzyme reverse transcriptase. The family contains seven genera: DELTARETROVIRUS; LENTIVIRUS; RETROVIRUSES TYPE B, MAMMALIAN; ALPHARETROVIRUS; GAMMARETROVIRUS; RETROVIRUSES TYPE D; and SPUMAVIRUS. A key feature of retrovirus biology is the synthesis of a DNA copy of the genome which is integrated into cellular DNA. After integration it is sometimes not expressed but maintained in a latent state (PROVIRUSES).

A family of DNA-binding transcription factors that contain a basic HELIX-LOOP-HELIX MOTIF.

Proteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases.

A cytologic technique for measuring the functional capacity of tumor stem cells by assaying their activity. It is used primarily for the in vitro testing of antineoplastic agents.

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.

CULTURE MEDIA free of serum proteins but including the minimal essential substances required for cell growth. This type of medium avoids the presence of extraneous substances that may affect cell proliferation or unwanted activation of cells.

Antigens expressed primarily on the membranes of living cells during sequential stages of maturation and differentiation. As immunologic markers they have high organ and tissue specificity and are useful as probes in studies of normal cell development as well as neoplastic transformation.

Methods used for detecting the amplified DNA products from the polymerase chain reaction as they accumulate instead of at the end of the reaction.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

A family of zinc finger transcription factors that share homology with Kruppel protein, Drosophila. They contain a highly conserved seven amino acid spacer sequence in between their ZINC FINGER MOTIFS.

Individuals supplying living tissue, organs, cells, blood or blood components for transfer or transplantation to histocompatible recipients.

Cellular signaling in which a factor secreted by a cell affects other cells in the local environment. This term is often used to denote the action of INTERCELLULAR SIGNALING PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS on surrounding cells.

An alkylating agent having a selective immunosuppressive effect on BONE MARROW. It has been used in the palliative treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (MYELOID LEUKEMIA, CHRONIC), but although symptomatic relief is provided, no permanent remission is brought about. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), busulfan is listed as a known carcinogen.

Techniques and strategies which include the use of coding sequences and other conventional or radical means to transform or modify cells for the purpose of treating or reversing disease conditions.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

The integration of exogenous DNA into the genome of an organism at sites where its expression can be suitably controlled. This integration occurs as a result of homologous recombination.

Conjugated protein-carbohydrate compounds including mucins, mucoid, and amyloid glycoproteins.

Bone-growth regulatory factors that are members of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily of proteins. They are synthesized as large precursor molecules which are cleaved by proteolytic enzymes. The active form can consist of a dimer of two identical proteins or a heterodimer of two related bone morphogenetic proteins.

A CXC chemokine that is chemotactic for T-LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES. It has specificity for CXCR4 RECEPTORS. Two isoforms of CXCL12 are produced by alternative mRNA splicing.

A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in monoclonal immunoglobulin production. It is characterized by hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction, bone pain, and fractures. Other features include ANEMIA; HYPERCALCEMIA; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.

An organism whose body contains cell populations of different genotypes as a result of the TRANSPLANTATION of donor cells after sufficient ionizing radiation to destroy the mature recipient's cells which would otherwise reject the donor cells.

Morphological and physiological development of EMBRYOS.

An integrin alpha subunit that primarily associates with INTEGRIN BETA1 or INTEGRIN BETA4 to form laminin-binding heterodimers. Integrin alpha6 has two alternatively spliced isoforms: integrin alpha6A and integrin alpha6B, which differ in their cytoplasmic domains and are regulated in a tissue-specific and developmental stage-specific manner.

Non-human animals, selected because of specific characteristics, for use in experimental research, teaching, or testing.

The treatment of a disease or condition by several different means simultaneously or sequentially. Chemoimmunotherapy, RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY, chemoradiotherapy, cryochemotherapy, and SALVAGE THERAPY are seen most frequently, but their combinations with each other and surgery are also used.

Specialized connective tissue composed of fat cells (ADIPOCYTES). It is the site of stored FATS, usually in the form of TRIGLYCERIDES. In mammals, there are two types of adipose tissue, the WHITE FAT and the BROWN FAT. Their relative distributions vary in different species with most adipose tissue being white.

The unborn young of a viviparous mammal, in the postembryonic period, after the major structures have been outlined. In humans, the unborn young from the end of the eighth week after CONCEPTION until BIRTH, as distinguished from the earlier EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.

Adherence of cells to surfaces or to other cells.

Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.

Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.

A gene silencing phenomenon whereby specific dsRNAs (RNA, DOUBLE-STRANDED) trigger the degradation of homologous mRNA (RNA, MESSENGER). The specific dsRNAs are processed into SMALL INTERFERING RNA (siRNA) which serves as a guide for cleavage of the homologous mRNA in the RNA-INDUCED SILENCING COMPLEX. DNA METHYLATION may also be triggered during this process.

Mutant mice homozygous for the recessive gene "nude" which fail to develop a thymus. They are useful in tumor studies and studies on immune responses.

A group of lymphocyte surface antigens located on mouse LYMPHOCYTES. Specific Ly antigens are useful markers for distinguishing subpopulations of lymphocytes.

The cells found in the body fluid circulating throughout the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.

A type I keratin found in the basal layer of the adult epidermis and in other stratified epithelia.

Regulatory proteins and peptides that are signaling molecules involved in the process of PARACRINE COMMUNICATION. They are generally considered factors that are expressed by one cell and are responded to by receptors on another nearby cell. They are distinguished from HORMONES in that their actions are local rather than distal.

Restoration of integrity to traumatized tissue.

A multisubunit polycomb protein complex with affinity for CHROMATIN that contains methylated HISTONE H3. It contains an E3 ubiquitin ligase activity that is specific for HISTONE H2A and works in conjunction with POLYCOMB REPRESSIVE COMPLEX 2 to effect EPIGENETIC REPRESSION.

A post-MORULA preimplantation mammalian embryo that develops from a 32-cell stage into a fluid-filled hollow ball of over a hundred cells. A blastocyst has two distinctive tissues. The outer layer of trophoblasts gives rise to extra-embryonic tissues. The inner cell mass gives rise to the embryonic disc and eventual embryo proper.

The development of new BLOOD VESSELS during the restoration of BLOOD CIRCULATION during the healing process.

The artificial induction of GENE SILENCING by the use of RNA INTERFERENCE to reduce the expression of a specific gene. It includes the use of DOUBLE-STRANDED RNA, such as SMALL INTERFERING RNA and RNA containing HAIRPIN LOOP SEQUENCE, and ANTI-SENSE OLIGONUCLEOTIDES.

A trisaccharide antigen expressed on glycolipids and many cell-surface glycoproteins. In the blood the antigen is found on the surface of NEUTROPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES. In addition, CD15 antigen is a stage-specific embryonic antigen.

Clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in bone marrow, blood, and other tissue. Myeloid leukemias develop from changes in cells that normally produce NEUTROPHILS; BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES.

Any of several ways in which living cells of an organism communicate with one another, whether by direct contact between cells or by means of chemical signals carried by neurotransmitter substances, hormones, and cyclic AMP.

Clonal hematopoetic disorder caused by an acquired genetic defect in PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS. It starts in MYELOID CELLS of the bone marrow, invades the blood and then other organs. The condition progresses from a stable, more indolent, chronic phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, CHRONIC PHASE) lasting up to 7 years, to an advanced phase composed of an accelerated phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, ACCELERATED PHASE) and BLAST CRISIS.

Inhibition of in vitro enteric neuronal development by endothelin-3: mediation by endothelin B receptors. (1/16085)

The terminal colon is aganglionic in mice lacking endothelin-3 or its receptor, endothelin B. To analyze the effects of endothelin-3/endothelin B on the differentiation of enteric neurons, E11-13 mouse gut was dissociated, and positive and negative immunoselection with antibodies to p75(NTR )were used to isolate neural crest- and non-crest-derived cells. mRNA encoding endothelin B was present in both the crest-and non-crest-derived cells, but that encoding preproendothelin-3 was detected only in the non-crest-derived population. The crest- and non-crest-derived cells were exposed in vitro to endothelin-3, IRL 1620 (an endothelin B agonist), and/or BQ 788 (an endothelin B antagonist). Neurons and glia developed only in cultures of crest-derived cells, and did so even when endothelin-3 was absent and BQ 788 was present. Endothelin-3 inhibited neuronal development, an effect that was mimicked by IRL 1620 and blocked by BQ 788. Endothelin-3 failed to stimulate the incorporation of [3H]thymidine or bromodeoxyuridine. Smooth muscle development in non-crest-derived cell cultures was promoted by endothelin-3 and inhibited by BQ 788. In contrast, transcription of laminin alpha1, a smooth muscle-derived promoter of neuronal development, was inhibited by endothelin-3, but promoted by BQ 788. Neurons did not develop in explants of the terminal bowel of E12 ls/ls (endothelin-3-deficient) mice, but could be induced to do so by endothelin-3 if a source of neural precursors was present. We suggest that endothelin-3/endothelin B normally prevents the premature differentiation of crest-derived precursors migrating to and within the fetal bowel, enabling the precursor population to persist long enough to finish colonizing the bowel. (+info)

A Wnt5a pathway underlies outgrowth of multiple structures in the vertebrate embryo. (2/16085)

Morphogenesis depends on the precise control of basic cellular processes such as cell proliferation and differentiation. Wnt5a may regulate these processes since it is expressed in a gradient at the caudal end of the growing embryo during gastrulation, and later in the distal-most aspect of several structures that extend from the body. A loss-of-function mutation of Wnt5a leads to an inability to extend the A-P axis due to a progressive reduction in the size of caudal structures. In the limbs, truncation of the proximal skeleton and absence of distal digits correlates with reduced proliferation of putative progenitor cells within the progress zone. However, expression of progress zone markers, and several genes implicated in distal outgrowth and patterning including Distalless, Hoxd and Fgf family members was not altered. Taken together with the outgrowth defects observed in the developing face, ears and genitals, our data indicates that Wnt5a regulates a pathway common to many structures whose development requires extension from the primary body axis. The reduced number of proliferating cells in both the progress zone and the primitive streak mesoderm suggests that one function of Wnt5a is to regulate the proliferation of progenitor cells. (+info)

Retinoids are produced by glia in the lateral ganglionic eminence and regulate striatal neuron differentiation. (3/16085)

In order to identify molecular mechanisms involved in striatal development, we employed a subtraction cloning strategy to enrich for genes expressed in the lateral versus the medial ganglionic eminence. Using this approach, the homeobox gene Meis2 was found highly expressed in the lateral ganglionic eminence and developing striatum. Since Meis2 has recently been shown to be upregulated by retinoic acid in P19 EC cells (Oulad-Abdelghani, M., Chazaud, C., Bouillet, P., Sapin, V., Chambon, P. and Dolle, P. (1997) Dev. Dyn. 210, 173-183), we examined a potential role for retinoids in striatal development. Our results demonstrate that the lateral ganglionic eminence, unlike its medial counterpart or the adjacent cerebral cortex, is a localized source of retinoids. Interestingly, glia (likely radial glia) in the lateral ganglionic eminence appear to be a major source of retinoids. Thus, as lateral ganglionic eminence cells migrate along radial glial fibers into the developing striatum, retinoids from these glial cells could exert an effect on striatal neuron differentiation. Indeed, the treatment of lateral ganglionic eminence cells with retinoic acid or agonists for the retinoic acid receptors or retinoid X receptors, specifically enhances their striatal neuron characteristics. These findings, therefore, strongly support the notion that local retinoid signalling within the lateral ganglionic eminence regulates striatal neuron differentiation. (+info)

Deletion analysis of the Drosophila Inscuteable protein reveals domains for cortical localization and asymmetric localization. (4/16085)

The Drosophila Inscuteable protein acts as a key regulator of asymmetric cell division during the development of the nervous system [1] [2]. In neuroblasts, Inscuteable localizes into an apical cortical crescent during late interphase and most of mitosis. During mitosis, Inscuteable is required for the correct apical-basal orientation of the mitotic spindle and for the asymmetric segregation of the proteins Numb [3] [4] [5], Prospero [5] [6] [7] and Miranda [8] [9] into the basal daughter cell. When Inscuteable is ectopically expressed in epidermal cells, which normally orient their mitotic spindle parallel to the embryo surface, these cells reorient their mitotic spindle and divide perpendicularly to the surface [1]. Like the Inscuteable protein, the inscuteable RNA is asymmetrically localized [10]. We show here that inscuteable RNA localization is not required for Inscuteable protein localization. We found that a central 364 amino acid domain - the Inscuteable asymmetry domain - was necessary and sufficient for Inscuteable localization and function. Within this domain, a separate 100 amino acid region was required for asymmetric localization along the cortex, whereas a 158 amino acid region directed localization to the cell cortex. The same 158 amino acid fragment could localize asymmetrically when coexpressed with the full-length protein, however, and could bind to Inscuteable in vitro, suggesting that this domain may be involved in the self-association of Inscuteable in vivo. (+info)

JunB is essential for mammalian placentation. (5/16085)

Lack of JunB, an immediate early gene product and member of the AP-1 transcription factor family causes embryonic lethality between E8.5 and E10.0. Although mutant embryos are severely retarded in growth and development, cellular proliferation is apparently not impaired. Retardation and embryonic death are caused by the inability of JunB-deficient embryos to establish proper vascular interactions with the maternal circulation due to multiple defects in extra-embryonic tissues. The onset of the phenotypic defects correlates well with high expression of junB in wild-type extra-embryonic tissues. In trophoblasts, the lack of JunB causes a deregulation of proliferin, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) gene expression, resulting in a defective neovascularization of the decidua. As a result of downregulation of the VEGF-receptor 1 (flt-1), blood vessels in the yolk sac mesoderm appeared dilated. Mutant embryos which escape these initial defects finally die from a non-vascularized placental labyrinth. Injection of junB-/- embryonic stem (ES) cells into tetraploid wild-type blastocysts resulted in a partial rescue, in which the ES cell-derived fetuses were no longer growth retarded and displayed a normal placental labyrinth. Therefore, JunB appears to be involved in multiple signaling pathways regulating genes involved in the establishment of a proper feto-maternal circulatory system. (+info)

Cloning of a novel gene specifically expressed in clonal mouse chondroprogenitor-like EC cells, ATDC5. (6/16085)

We cloned a full-length cDNA encoding a novel mouse protein, A-C2, by differential display method using mouse embryonic fibroblast C3H10T1/2 cells and mouse chondroprogenitor-like EC cells, ATDC5. The deduced amino acid sequence of A-C2 consisted of 106 amino acids with no significant homology to the sequences previously reported. Northern blot analysis showed two major bands of 2.1 and 1.8 kb sizes. Expression of A-C2 mRNA was exclusive to ATDC5 cells at their undifferentiated stage. None of ATDC5 cells at their differentiated stage and adult mice tissues examined expressed A-C2 gene. (+info)

Reciprocal control of T helper cell and dendritic cell differentiation. (7/16085)

It is not known whether subsets of dendritic cells provide different cytokine microenvironments that determine the differentiation of either type-1 T helper (TH1) or TH2 cells. Human monocyte (pDC1)-derived dendritic cells (DC1) were found to induce TH1 differentiation, whereas dendritic cells (DC2) derived from CD4+CD3-CD11c- plasmacytoid cells (pDC2) induced TH2 differentiation by use of a mechanism unaffected by interleukin-4 (IL-4) or IL-12. The TH2 cytokine IL-4 enhanced DC1 maturation and killed pDC2, an effect potentiated by IL-10 but blocked by CD40 ligand and interferon-gamma. Thus, a negative feedback loop from the mature T helper cells may selectively inhibit prolonged TH1 or TH2 responses by regulating survival of the appropriate dendritic cell subset. (+info)

Endothelial cells modulate the proliferation of mural cell precursors via platelet-derived growth factor-BB and heterotypic cell contact. (8/16085)

Embryological data suggest that endothelial cells (ECs) direct the recruitment and differentiation of mural cell precursors. We have developed in vitro coculture systems to model some of these events and have shown that ECs direct the migration of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells (10T1/2 cells) and induce their differentiation toward a smooth muscle cell/pericyte lineage. The present study was undertaken to investigate cell proliferation in these cocultures. ECs and 10T1/2 cells were cocultured in an underagarose assay in the absence of contact. There was a 2-fold increase in bromodeoxyuridine labeling of 10T1/2 cells in response to ECs, which was completely inhibited by the inclusion of neutralizing antiserum against platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-B. Antisera against PDGF-A, basic fibroblast growth factor, or transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta had no effect on EC-stimulated 10T1/2 cell proliferation. EC proliferation was not influenced by coculture with 10T1/2 cells in the absence of contact. The cells were then cocultured so that contact was permitted. Double labeling and fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis revealed that ECs and 10T1/2 cells were growth-inhibited by 43% and 47%, respectively. Conditioned media from contacting EC-10T1/2 cell cocultures inhibited the growth of both cell types by 61% and 48%, respectively. Although we have previously shown a role for TGF-beta in coculture-induced mural cell differentiation, growth inhibition resulting from contacting cocultures or conditioned media was not suppressed by the presence of neutralizing antiserum against TGF-beta. Furthermore, the decreased proliferation of 10T1/2 cells in the direct cocultures could not be attributed to downregulation of the PDGF-B in ECs or the PDGF receptor-beta in the 10T1/2 cells. Our data suggest that modulation of proliferation occurs during EC recruitment of mesenchymal cells and that heterotypic cell-cell contact and soluble factors play a role in growth control during vessel assembly. (+info)

Isolation and characterization of human spermatogonial stem cell-derived pluripotent cells. Stem Cells. 27(1):138-149, 2009. ... To solve the problem of limited embryonic stem cell availability, Turek and his colleagues invented a process by which the ... testis cancer and stem cell science, and has developed several techniques for evaluating and treating male infertility. While ... embryonic-like stem cells when placed in an appropriate culture environment. This finding has been independently confirmed by ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_J._Turek

Begley, C. Glenn (2015). "My Tribute to a Real Master Craftsman, Don Metcalf". Stem Cells. 33 (5): 1683-1684. doi:10.1002/stem. ... Begley, C. Glenn (2015). "My Tribute to a Real Master Craftsman, Don Metcalf". Stem Cells. 33 (5): 1683-1684. doi:10.1002/stem. ... In 1999 he released an article which he was the co-author of that was solely on SCL and the relationship with T cells and T ... Begley was also involved in more work with mice that found that bone marrow cells are not a contributor to endothelium of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C._Glenn_Begley

... and invasion of prostate cancer cells". Stem Cells. 27 (8): 1712-21. doi:10.1002/stem.101. PMC 3400149. PMID 19544444. ... 4T1 cells) but not in other cells which are unable to colonize (4TO7 cells). Overexpression of miR-200c in non-metastatic 4TO7 ... In a series of mouse mammary isogenic cancer cell lines, the miR-200 family is highly expressed only in the cells that are able ... While the mir-200 family is highly expressed in normal epithelial cells, it is not expressed in normal fibroblast cells that ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mir-200

... "stem cell" to describe limited regeneration ability in the adult brain stem cell. Neural stem cells (NSC) reside in the ... are reported as factors that maintain such properties of NSC in stem cell niche. Like stem cells in SGZ, progenitor cells in ... In the dentate gyrus, putative stem cells, called type 1 cells, proliferate into type 2 and type 3 cells, which are transiently ... multipotent stem cells (those that can generate different types of cells) are present in these regions, and all of these cells ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endogenous_regeneration

Stem Cells. 25 (5): 1156-65. doi:10.1634/stemcells.2006-0720. PMID 17272496. S2CID 32726998. Voet JG, Voet D (1995). ... Small molecules can have a variety of biological functions or applications, serving as cell signaling molecules, drugs in ... which allows for the possibility to rapidly diffuse across cell membranes so that it can reach intracellular sites of action. ... which play a role in cell signaling, pigmentation and in defense against predation. Secondary metabolites are a rich source of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_molecule

Stem Cells Translational Medicine is a sister journal to the Wiley-Blackwell journal Stem Cells. Akers, Katherine G. (2016-11- ... Stem Cells. 33 (2): 316-317. doi:10.1002/stem.1912. ISSN 1066-5099. PMID 25504305.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link) v ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sister_journal

... is shown to regulate neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation in mouse embryonic stem cells, and neuronal ... oligodendroma-derived stem cells, as well as human glioblastoma multiforme-derived stem cells. In addition, miR-137 targets ... Stem Cells. 28 (6): 1060-70. doi:10.1002/stem.431. PMC 3140955. PMID 20506192. Balaguer F, Link A, Lozano JJ, Cuatrecasas M, ... cell cycle signalling and mouse embryonic stem cell development. Balaguer et al. identified a list of 32 genes targeted by miR- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mir-137

"Engineering toxin-resistant therapeutic stem cells to treat brain tumors". Stem Cells. 33 (2): 589-600. doi:10.1002/stem.1874. ... "Pseudomonas exotoxin antisense RNA selectively kills hepatitis B virus infected cells". World Journal of Gastroenterology. 14 ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudomonas_exotoxin

"Cyclopamine-mediated hedgehog pathway inhibition depletes stem-like cancer cells in glioblastoma". Stem Cells. 25 (10): 2524-33 ... tumor cell proliferation, and tumor cell survival. With this in mind, one can imagine cyclopamine as a way of attenuating ... doi:10.1634/stemcells.2007-0166. PMC 2610257. PMID 17628016. Lay summary - ScienceDaily (August 31, 2007). Tabs S, Avci O (2004 ... For example, studies of epithelial cancers have demonstrated that tumor cells secrete Shh ligand to signal adjacent growth ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclopamine

Stem Cell Antigen-1: Expression, Function, and Enigma". Stem Cells. 25 (6): 1339-1347. doi:10.1634/stemcells.2006-0644. PMID ... "Stem cells antigen-1" (official gene symbol: Ly6a). It consist of 18-kDa mouse glycosyl phosphatidylinositol-anchored cell ... Stem Cells. 24 (7): 1779-1788. doi:10.1634/stemcells.2005-0386. PMID 16614004. Bradfute, SB; Graubert, TA; Goodell, MA (2005 ... It is the common biological marker used to identify hematopoitic stem cell (HSC) along with other markers. Sca-1 has a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sca-1

Stem Cells. Wiley. 30 (5): 910-922. doi:10.1002/stem.1070. ISSN 1066-5099. PMC 3787717. PMID 22367759. Hu, G.; Kim, J.; Xu, Q ... Molecular Biology of the Cell. American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB). 20 (17): 3840-3850. doi:10.1091/mbc.e09-02-0146. ISSN ... Miller, Jason E.; Reese, Joseph C. (2012-03-15). "Ccr4-Not complex: the control freak of eukaryotic cells". Critical Reviews in ... "The Ccr4-Not Deadenylase Subunits CNOT7 and CNOT8 Have Overlapping Roles and Modulate Cell Proliferation". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCR4-Not

Although this has not yet been tested with human stem cells, mice transplanted with these cells were able to successfully ... Stem Cells Harbor Homoplasmic and Heteroplasmic Mitochondrial DNA Mutations While Maintaining Human Embryonic Stem Cell-like ... Stem Cells. 29 (9): 1338-1348. doi:10.1002/stem.683. ISSN 1549-4918. PMID 21732474. Salama, M.; Anazodo, A.; Woodruff, T. K. (1 ... There is potential for induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to be used as an alternative source to a patient's own gametes. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_ovary

Generating Desired Cell Types from Abundant and Accessible Cells". Stem Cells. 29 (12): 1933-1941. doi:10.1002/stem.760. PMID ... neural stem/progenitor cells (Oct4, Sox2, c-Myc, Klf4) Transdifferentiation Induced stem cells Pournasr, B.; Khaloughi, K.; ... Nature Cell Biology. 13 (3): 215-222. doi:10.1038/ncb2164. PMID 21278734. Kim, J.; Efe, J. A.; Zhu, S.; Talantova, M.; Yuan, X ... polygonal hyaline chondrogenic cells (Klf4, c-Myc, Sox9) Mouse dermal fibroblasts → cardiomyocytes (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, JI1 and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Examples_of_in_vitro_transdifferentiation_by_initial_epigenetic_activation_phase_approach

Studies have shown that bone marrow-derived stem cells (specifically CD133+) play a role in liver regeneration. A study done by ... showed that patients who received stem cells in addition to PVE had significant increases in both absolute and relative FLR ... This suggests that adjuvant stem cell transplantation can increase the efficacy of PVE without increasing risk. Abdalla, E. K ... Stem Cells. 23 (4): 463-470. doi:10.1634/stemcells.2004-0283. ISSN 1549-4918. PMID 15790766.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal_vein_embolization

"Stochastic choice of allelic expression in human neural stem cells" (PDF). Stem Cells. 30 (9): 1938-47. doi:10.1002/stem.1155. ... Studies that distinguish fixed and dynamic aRME require single-cell analyses of clonally related cells. Allelic exclusion is a ... depending whether or not the allele-specific expression is conserved in daughter cells after mitotic cell division. Fixed aRME ... Allelic exclusion is cell-type specific (as opposed to organism-wide XCI), which increases intercellular diversity, thus ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoallelic_gene_expression

... modifications as a marker of the putative stem cell region of human intestinal crypts". Stem Cells. 26 (1): 108-118. doi: ... 2009). "Discrimination of human stem cells by photothermal microspectroscopy" (PDF). Vibrational Spectroscopy. 49: 22-27. doi: ... 2007). "Near-field photothermal microspectroscopy for adult stem-cell identification and characterization". Journal of ... 2005). "Monitoring Cell Cycle Distributions in MCF-7 Cells Using Near-Field Photothermal Microspectroscopy". Biophysical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photothermal_microspectroscopy

Han, R. (1994). "Highlight on the studies of anticancer drugs derived from plants in China". Stem Cells. 12 (1): 53-63. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cephalotaxus_hainanensis

Stem Cells. 27 (12): 3093-102. doi:10.1002/stem.235. PMID 19816956. Thum T, Gross C, Fiedler J, Fischer T, Kissler S, Bussen M ... Zhong Z, Dong Z, Yang L, Gong Z (October 2012). "miR-21 induces cell cycle at S phase and modulates cell proliferation by down- ... July 2009). "Regulation of the cell cycle gene, BTG2, by miR-21 in human laryngeal carcinoma". Cell Research. 19 (7): 828-37. ... "MiR-21 regulates adipogenic differentiation through the modulation of TGF-beta signaling in mesenchymal stem cells derived from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIRN21

"Cell Mechanosensitivity to Extremely Low-Magnitude Signals Is Enabled by a LINCed Nucleus". Stem Cells. 33 (6): 2063-76. doi: ... The function of the LINC complex appears to be in many cell activities. These include nuclear relocation/movement, moving ... LINC complex, by virtue of providing internal cell connectivity, is required for sensing of various mechanical stimuli ... Current Opinion in Cell Biology. 25 (1): 57-62. doi:10.1016/j.ceb.2012.10.014. PMC 3578026. PMID 23149102. Uzer G, Thompson WR ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LINC_complex

"Growth of mesenchymal stem cells on electrospun type I collagen nanofibers". Stem Cells. 24 (11): 2391-7. doi:10.1634/stemcells ... Yang F, Xu CY, Kotaki M, Wang S, Ramakrishna S (2004). "Characterization of neural stem cells on electrospun poly(L-lactic acid ... found that the engineered collagen scaffold showed an increase in cell adhesion and decrease in cell migration with increasing ... 2016). "Clinical Applications of NanoVelcro Rare-Cell Assays for Detection and Characterization of Circulating Tumor Cells". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanofiber

Stem Cells. 34 (3): 601-613. doi:10.1002/stem.2298. ISSN 1549-4918. PMC 5785927. PMID 26782178. Hood, Leroy; Rowen, Lee (2013- ... whereas proteomes differ from cell to cell and from time to time. Distinct genes are expressed in different cell types, which ... developmental and stem cell biology, medicine, and evolutionary biology. Characterizing the human plasma proteome has become a ... "Comprehensive Proteomic Analysis of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes Reveals Modulation of Angiogenesis via Nuclear Factor-KappaB ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proteomics

Stem Cells. 29:320-31 (2011) Yang DH, Yoon JY, Lee SH, Bryja V, Andersson ER, Arenas E, Kwon YG, and Choi KY. Wnt5a Is Required ... Oncogenic K-Ras Accelerates Cancer Stem Cell Activation via Aberrant Wnt/beta-catenin Signaling. JNCI-Journal of the National ... Cell. 83(1):147-55. (1995) Choi KY, Satterberg B, Lyons DM, and Elion EA. Ste5 thether multiple protein kinase in the MAP ... Cell. 78(3):499-512. (1994) Schumacher MA, Choi KY, Zalkin H, and Brennan RG. Crystal structure of LacI member RurR, bound to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kang-Yell_Choi

Hsu, Ya-Chieh (2015-08-18). "Theory and Practice of Lineage Tracing". Stem Cells. 33 (11): 3197-3204. doi:10.1002/stem.2123. ... "Analysis of Cell Fate from Single-Cell Gene Expression Profiles in C. elegans". Cell. 139 (3): 623-633. doi:10.1016/j.cell. ... stem cell research, and kidney research. Fate mapping and cell lineage are similar but distinct topics, although there is often ... whereas cell lineage shows the relationships between cells at each division. A cell lineage can be used to generate a fate map ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fate_mapping

Thus, by analysing these tissues, one can investigate the capacity of haematopoietic stem cells or other circulating cells to ... Freemartins are occasionally used in stem cell and immunology research. During foetal development cells are exchanged between ... Stem Cells. 22 (1): 12-20. doi:10.1634/stemcells.22-1-12. PMID 14688387.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) ... Up to 95% of the freemartin's blood cells can be derived from those of her twin brother. Male-derived cells and their progeny ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freemartin

Stem Cells. 27 (10): 2602-13. doi:10.1002/stem.180. PMID 19609938. Gasman S, Chasserot-Golaz S, Bader MF, Vitale N (October ... Enterochromaffin and enterochromaffin-like cells, both being enteroendocrine cells, are also considered neuroendocrine cells ... Other neuroendocrine cells are scattered throughout the body.Neurohormone are released by neurosecretory cells Releasing ... A neurohormone is any hormone produced and released by neuroendocrine cells (also called neurosecretory cells) into the blood. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurohormone

"Epigenetic regulation of miR-184 by MBD1 governs neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation". Cell Stem Cell. 6 (5): ... Stem Cells. 30 (5): 898-909. doi:10.1002/stem.1068. PMID 22367714. Iliff BW, Riazuddin SA, Gottsch JD (January 2012), "A Single ... Numblike (Numbl) is known to be important in embryonic neural stem cell function and cortical brain development and has been ... Finally, a recent study identified miR-184 as essential for embryonic corneal commitment of pluripotent stem cells. • A single ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mir-184

Stem Cells. 30 (7): 1556-64. doi:10.1002/stem.1129. PMC 3495063. PMID 22605481. Katakowski M, Buller B, Wang X, Rogers T, Chopp ... "Exosome-mediated transfer of miR-133b from multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells to neural cells contributes to neurite ... M (November 2010). "Functional microRNA is transferred between glioma cells". Cancer Research. 70 (21): 8259-63. doi:10.1158/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mir-67_microRNA_precursor_family

January 2003). "Matrix Cells from Wharton's Jelly Form Neurons and Glia". Stem Cells. 21 (1): 50-60. doi:10.1634/stemcells.21-1 ... Cells in Wharton's jelly express several stem cell genes, including telomerase. They can be extracted, cultured, and induced to ... "Immunomodulatory effect of human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells on lymphocytes". Cell Immunol. ... "Wharton's Jelly, Hair Follicles New Sources of Adult Stem Cells, Studies Find". 13 May 2005.[dead link] Zhou C, Yang B, Tian Y ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wharton's_jelly

Stem Cells. 27 (6): 1330-46. doi:10.1002/stem.80. PMC 2733378. PMID 19489097. Stayte, Sandy; Vissel, Bryce (19 August 2014). " ... Smith, Belinda (6 April 2018). "Does your brain stop making new cells once you're an adult?". ABC News. Retrieved 25 March 2019 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bryce_Vissel

Stem Cells. 27 (8): 2032-43. doi:10.1002/stem.119. PMC 3346259. PMID 19544429. Gonzalez-Perez, O, B; Alvarez-Buylla, A (Jun 24 ... Stem Cells. 27 (8): 2032-43. doi:10.1002/stem.119. PMC 3346259. PMID 19544429. Vallstedt, A; Klos JM; Ericson F (6 January 2005 ... White matter Schwann cells 2',3'-Cyclic-nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNPase) List of human cell types derived from the germ ... Oligodendrocytes interact closely with nerve cells and provide trophic support by the production of glial cell line-derived ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligodendrocyte

Photoelectric cells in a spectrophotometer device worn on the forehead measure the amount of each wavelength of light reflected ... Other disadvantages of HEG mirror current frustrations with fMRI and stem from the indirect nature of both techniques and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemoencephalography

T cells associate with and predict leukemia relapse in AML patients post allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Blood Cancer ... T Cells to protect tumour cells. Nature Communications. March 2018, 9 (1): 948. PMC 5838096. PMID 29507342. doi:10.1038/s41467- ... 细胞毒性T细胞(CTLs, killer T cells)负责杀伤被病毒感染的细胞和癌细胞，在对器官移植的免疫排斥中也有参与。其特点在于细胞表面的CD8蛋白质。它通过识别所有有核细胞表

https://zh.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/T细胞

If the stem cells and sebaceous gland are destroyed, there is then no possibility for regeneration of the hair follicle, and ... However, all cicatricial alopecias involve inflammation directed at the upper part of the hair follicle where the stem cells ... The goal of treatment is to decrease or eliminate the lymphocytic inflammatory cells that are attacking and destroying the hair ... Primary cicatricial alopecias are further classified by the type of inflammatory cells that destroy the hair follicle during ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scarring_hair_loss

... a type 2 diabetic will have lost about half of their beta cells.[52] Fatty acids in the beta cells activate FOXO1, resulting in ... Type 2 diabetes is due to insufficient insulin production from beta cells in the setting of insulin resistance.[13] Insulin ... In the early stages of insulin resistance, the mass of beta cells expands, increasing the output of insulin to compensate for ... Sun T, Han X (2019). "Death versus dedifferentiation: The molecular bases of beta cell mass reduction in type 2 diabetes". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_2_diabetes_mellitus

Initially, small necrotic spots (without exudate) appear on stems and branches. These necrotic lesions then enlarge in ... perforating the middle lamella but damage to either the plasmalemma or cell walls was not observed.[29] The disease is often ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hymenoscyphus_pseudoalbidus

The brain stem can control food intake, because it contains neural circuits that detect hunger and satiety signals from other ... The brain detects insulin in the blood, which indicates that nutrients are being absorbed by cells and a person is getting full ... Rats that have had the motor neurons in the brain stem disconnected from the neural circuits of the cerebral hemispheres ( ... This research shows that the brain stem does in fact play a role in eating. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eat

Halaschek-Wiener J, Brooks-Wilson A. Progeria of stem cells: stem cell exhaustion in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome. J. ... M phase of mitotic cell cycle. · mitotic prophase. · mitotic anaphase. · mitotic cell cycle. · apoptotic process. · cellular ... J. Cell. Sci. October 2000, 113 (19): 3473-84. PMID 10984438.. *^ Dreuillet C, Tillit J, Kress M, Ernoult-Lange M. In vivo and ... Cell. December 2002, 13 (12): 4401-13. PMC 138642. PMID 12475961. doi:10.1091/mbc.E02-07-0450.. ...

https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/LMNA

Flores ER, Halder G (2011). "Stem cell proliferation in the skin: alpha-catenin takes over the hippo pathway". Sci Signal. 4 ( ... F9 embryonal carcinoma cells are similar to the P19 cells shown in Figure 1 and normally have cell-to-cell adhesion mediated by ... A tumor cell line with defective δ-catenin, low levels of E-cadherin and poor cell-to-cell adhesion could be restored to normal ... providing the cell with a means of stable cell adhesion. However, decreases in this adhesion ability of the cell has been ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catenin

The] clave pattern has two opposing rhythm cells: the first cell consists of three strokes, or the rhythm cell, which is called ... Not surprisingly, many misinterpretations of African rhythm and meter stem from a failure to observe the dance. ... The second cell has two strokes and is called the two-side of the weak part of the clave. . . The different accent types in the ... Clave is the basic period, composed of two rhythmically opposed cells, one antecedent and the other consequent.[d][e] Clave was ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clave_(rhythm)

... epidermal hair cells (trichomes), cells in the stomatal complex; guard cells and subsidiary cells. The epidermal cells are the ... along the stem.. Basal. Arising from the base of the stem.. Cauline. Arising from the aerial stem.. Opposite. Two leaves, ... Cells that bring water and minerals from the roots into the leaf.. Phloem. Cells that usually move sap, with dissolved sucrose( ... As a stem grows, leaves tend to appear arranged around the stem in a way that optimizes yield of light. In essence, leaves form ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cauline

It also contains pacemaker cells and nonpacemaker cells that initiate spontaneous breathing. Research is being conducted on the ... "Spatial and Functional Architecture of the Mammalian Brain Stem Respiratory Network: A Hierarchy of Three Oscillatory ... It is one of the four cell groups of the Ventral Respiratory Group (VRG). It is hypothesized that the pre-Bötzinger complex is ... which helps cell regenerate its bursts. The ratio between inward and outward currents helps determine the activity of pacemaker ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-Bötzinger_complex

Cell Genet. 84: 39-42. PMID 10343098.. *^ Booth (2002). „The CXCR3 binding chemokine IP-10/CXCL10: structure and receptor ... Dufour (2002). „IFN-gamma-inducible protein 10 (IP-10; CXCL10) -deficient mice reveal a role for IP-10 in effector T cell ...

https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/CXCL10

"Antibody Transforms Stem Cells Directly Into Brain Cells". Science Daily. 22 April 2013. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/ ... Gyda bodau dynol, mae Cell goch y gwaed yn cael eu cynhyrchu gan rhan tu mewn i'r mer esgyrn ym mhen esgyrn hir mewn proses a ... macroffabau, sy'n cyfrannu'n sylweddol at gynhyrchiad Cell goch y gwaed, gan eu bod yn mynd a Haearn ar gyfer cynhyrchiad ... Mae'n hysbys fod MSCau yn addasu, yn vitro neu'n vivo, i osteoblastau, chondroctyeau (cell cartilag), have been shown to ...

https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mer_esgyrn

... allowing a new population of healthy B cells to develop from lymphoid stem cells. ... cells in destroying these B cells. When an NK cell latched onto the cap, it had an 80% success rate at killing the cell. In ... The antibody binds to the cell surface protein CD20. CD20 is widely expressed on B cells, from early pre-B cells to later in ... It induces apoptosis of CD20+ cells.. The combined effect results in the elimination of B cells (including the cancerous ones) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rituximab

... stem cells, white blood cells) in many tissues and organs. SP amplifies or excites most cellular processes.[15][16] ... Substance P has been known to stimulate cell growth in normal and cancer cell line cultures,[37] and it was shown that ... on cells (including cancer cells) bestowing upon them mobility.[40] and metastasis.[41] It has been suggested that cancer ... a novel potent inhibitor of signal transduction and growth in vitro and in vivo in small cell lung cancer cells". Cancer ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substance_P

... who have lost their stem cells after birth. Other conditions[13] treated with stem cell transplants include sickle-cell disease ... Peripheral blood stem cells[26] are now the most common source of stem cells for HSCT. They are collected from the blood ... Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the transplantation of multipotent hematopoietic stem cells, usually derived ... Stem cell transplantation was pioneered using bone-marrow-derived stem cells by a team at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_Marrow_Transplant

In medicine, this era brought innovations such as open-heart surgery and later stem cell therapy along with new medications and ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological

Lindvall O (2003). "Stem cells for cell therapy in Parkinson's disease". Pharmacol Res 47 (4): 279-87. PMID 12644384. ... "Researchers find new method for turning adult cells into stem cells". Amherst Daily News. Canadian Press. 2009-01-03. Vaadatud ... California Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Tumor Cells Become Drug Resistant by Reverting to a Stem Cell-Like State, New ... Wu DC, Boyd AS, Wood KJ (2007). "Embryonic stem cell transplantation: potential applicability in cell replacement therapy and ...

https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tüvirakud

Osteochondroprogenitor cells are progenitor cells that arise from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in the bone marrow. They have ... McBride, SH; Falls T; Knothe Tate ML (2008). "Modulation of stem cell shape and fate B: mechanical modulation of cell shape and ... the uncommitted stem cells of the embryo will undergo differentiation into certain cell lineages. However the exact mechanism ... Transmission electron micrograph of a mesenchymal stem cell displaying typical ultrastructural characteristics. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteochondroprogenitor_cell

"The Plant Cell. 3 (11): 1187-1193. doi:10.2307/3869226. JSTOR 3869226. PMC 160085 . PMID 1821764.. ... "Plant Cell Reports. 12: 644-647. doi:10.1007/bf00232816.. CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link) ... "Fruit Cell Wall Proteins Help Fungus Turn Tomatoes From Ripe To Rotten". Science Daily. Jan 31, 2008. Retrieved 29 August 2010. ... Plant cell reports. 29 (3): 231-238. doi:10.1007/s00299-009-0815-y. PMID 20054551.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_tomato

One study, however, did make use of human neural stem cells grown into a network to control a robotic actuator. These cells ... Harvesting neural stem cells requires sacrificing the developing fetus, a process considered too costly to perform on many ... Foremost among these abnormalities is the fact that the neurons are usually harvested as neural stem cells from a fetus and are ... Like most cell cultures, neuron cultures are highly susceptible to infection. They are also susceptible to hyperosmolality from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultured_neuronal_network

Multiple tornadoes produced by the same storm cell are referred to as a "tornado family".[21] Several tornadoes are sometimes ... The name stems from their characterization as a "fair weather waterspout on land". Waterspouts and landspouts share many ... Tornadic storms do not contain more lightning than other storms and some tornadic cells never produce lightning at all. More ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tornadoes

The generative cell in the pollen grain divides into two haploid sperm cells by mitosis leading to the development of the ... Apical growth of the stem was slow from 1926 through 1936 when the tree was competing with herbs and shrubs and probably shaded ... Then, the first tracheids of the transition zone are formed, where the radial size of cells and thickness of their cell walls ... At fertilization, one of the sperm cells unites its haploid nucleus with the haploid nucleus of an egg cell. The female cone ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coniferous_forest

It has received regulatory approval for use as a treatment for non-small cell lung cancer,[6][4][7][8] although there is ... Afatinib, sold under the brand name Gilotrif among others, is a medication used to treat non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). ... May 2012). "Afatinib versus placebo for patients with advanced, metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer after failure of ... "Role of afatinib in the treatment of advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma". Clinical Pharmacology. 9: 147-157. doi:10.2147/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afatinib

Zhou T, Zhang J, Carter R, Kimberly R (2003). "BLyS and B cell autoimmunity.". Curr. Dir. Autoimmun. 6: 21-37. PMID 12408045. ... Monokin • Limfokin (Limfotoksin, Faktor transfera) • Faktor rasta • Hematopoeza (Faktor stem ćelija, Faktor stimulacije ... Brink R (2007). "Regulation of B cell self-tolerance by BAFF.". Semin. Immunol. 18 (5): 276-83. PMID 16916609. doi:10.1016/j. ... Mackay F, Leung H (2007). "The role of the BAFF/APRIL system on T cell function.". Semin. Immunol. 18 (5): 284-9. PMID 16931039 ...

https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faktor_aktivacije_B-ćelija

The mesoderm-derived epithelial cells of the sex cords in developing testes become the Sertoli cells, which will function to ... An androgen (from Greek andr-, the stem of the word meaning "man") is any natural or synthetic steroid hormone that regulates ... These are Leydig cells. Soon after they differentiate, Leydig cells begin to produce androgens. ... Dihydrotestosterone increased the number of BrdU cells, while flutamide inhibited these cells. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Androgen

Potassium is the major cation (positive ion) inside animal cells,[223] while sodium is the major cation outside animal cells.[ ... and unsepttrium stems from the fact that they are located close to the expected locations of islands of stability, centered at ... The balance between potassium and sodium is maintained by ion transporter proteins in the cell membrane.[231] The cell membrane ... Unit cell ball-and-stick model of lithium nitride.[118] On the basis of size a tetrahedral structure would be expected, but ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali_metal

... the dedifferentiation causes the cells to lose all of their normal structure/function), or cancer stem cells can increase their ... Anaplastic cells have lost total control of their normal functions and many have deteriorated cell structures. Anaplastic cells ... Necrotic cells send the wrong chemical signals which prevent phagocytes from disposing of the dead cells, leading to a buildup ... Glial cells such as Schwann cells in the periphery or, within the cord itself, oligodendrocytes, wrap themselves around the ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_tumors

Stems carry leaves or the stems may be leafless (in Caulanthus), and some species lack stems altogether. The leaves do not have ... Brassicaceae contain glucosinolates as well as myrosinases inside their cells. When the cell is damaged, the myrosinases ... 1: Leaves, Stem, and Wood in relation to Taxonomy, with notes on economic Uses. Oxford At The Clarendon Press. pp. 79-87.. ... Hairs consist of one cell and occur in many forms: from simple to forked, star-, tree- or T-shaped, rarely taking the form of a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brassicaceae

Face: Weaponized brain stem. Capable of emitting a highly destructive energy blast from face. Due to the nature of his mutation ... Meanwhile, as Domino (who was placed in a fiery prison cell) works her charm on a familiar looking kid to exploit an ... Bob: Blue skinned, can create miniature duplicates from his blood cells.. *Russell: Possesses super speed. Often seen wearing a ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inferno_

Oogonial stem cells (OSCs), also known as egg precursor cells or female germline cells, are diploid germline cells with stem ... "stem cell - definition of stem cell in English , Oxford Dictionaries". Oxford Dictionaries , English. Retrieved 2016-09-28. ... Dunlop, Cheryl E.; Telfer, Evelyn E.; Anderson, Richard A. (2014-01-01). "Ovarian germline stem cells". Stem Cell Research & ... "female germline stem cells" to "OSCs". New research indicates that oogonial stem cells do not exist in mice and there is no ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oogonial_stem_cells

Stem Cells is a peer-review scientific journal of cell biology. It was established as The International Journal of Cell Cloning ... Stem Cells. Retrieved 16 October 2018. CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link) "Stem Cells (journal)". MIAR: Information Matrix ... Stem Cells currently has an impact factor of 5.587, ranking it 4th out of 24 journals in the category "Cell & Tissue ... Cell & Tissue Engineering". 2017 Journal Citation Reports. Web of Science (Science ed.). Clarivate Analytics. 2018. "About: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_Cells_(journal)

Stem cells and Regenerative Technologies Stem cells are undifferentiated cells of various origin with the unique characteristic ... embryonic and non-embryonic induced stem cells are thought to potentially repair organs or replenish important cell losses such ... stem cells have been shown to have the potential for treatment of a wide variety of ailments. A lot of what we know about the ... To date the most widespread use of stem cell transplantation are from autologo. us and allogeneic peripheral and bone marrow. ...

https://sites.google.com/site/assoulineresearch/stem-cells-and-regenerative-technologies

... decision to ban federal funding for new embryonic stem-cell … ... Stem cells for research are drawn from blastocysts-embryos that ... decision to ban federal funding for new embryonic stem-cell lines. "In recent years, when it comes to stem-cell research, ... who was figuring out how to use a preëxisting stem-cell line to develop glial cells, which support the spinal cord and nervous ... Whether these excess blastocysts are simply discarded, as the opponents of stem-cell research would apparently prefer, or ...

https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/reselling-stem-cells

... hematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, neural stem cells, and cancer stem cells. It helps us understand the ... Visvader J, Lindeman G. cancer stem cells: current status and evolving complexities. Cell Stem Cell. 2012;10(6):717.CrossRef ... FoxOs cooperatively regulate diverse pathways governing neural stem cell homeostasis. Cell Stem Cell. 2009;5(5):540-53.CrossRef ... Human mesenchymal stem cells support unrelated donor hematopoietic stem cells and suppress T-cell activation. Bone Marrow ...

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-319-98146-8_1

... edition volume expands on the previous edition with a comprehensive update on recent developments in the Adipose Stromal/Stem ... Cells (ASC) field and the use of stroma vascular fraction (SVF ... Cutting-edge and thorough, Adipose-Derived Stem Cells: Methods ... Isolation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells from Lipoaspirates Jie Li, J. Lowry Curley, Z. Elizabeth Floyd, Xiying Wu, Yuan ... 1.Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative MedicineTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansUSA ...

https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007%2F978-1-4939-7799-4

Understanding of leukemic stem cells and their clinical implications Since leukemic stem cells (LSCs) or cancer stem cells ( ... Cancer Stem Cells. * Content type: Research. Regulation of stem-like cancer cells by glutamine through β-catenin pathway ... Cancer stem cell niche models and contribution by mesenchymal stroma/stem cells The initiation and progression of malignant ... Most cancers contain a subpopulation of highly tumorigenic cells, known as cancer stem cells (CSCs) or tumor-initiating cells ( ...

https://www.biomedcentral.com/collections/cancerstemcells

Keeping up with stem-cell research and the issues surrounding it can be a challenge. We examine some of the science basics and ... FAQ: Whats Up With Stem Cells?. You probably know the difference between a stem cell and a fuel cell. But if your ... Have adult stem cells been used to treat any diseases?. Doctors have been using adult stem cells, such as the blood-forming ... Embryonic stem-cell research is in the early stages. The first embryonic stem cells were isolated only recently - in 1998, by ...

https://www.wired.com/2005/06/faq-whats-up-with-stem-cells/

Hematopoietic stem cells[edit]. Main article: Hematopoietic stem cell. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are stem cells that can ... Stem cell division and differentiation. A - stem cells; B - progenitor cell; C - differentiated cell; 1 - symmetric stem cell ... such as mesenchymal stem cell, adipose-derived stem cell, endothelial stem cell, etc.).[72][73] A great deal of adult stem cell ... Cell Division[edit]. To ensure self-renewal, stem cells undergo two types of cell division (see Stem cell division and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somatic_stem_cell

Human stem cells can come from an embryo or an adult human. They have many possible uses in science and medicine, yet ... Stem cells are basic cells that can become almost any type of cell in the body. ... What are stem cells and why are they important? Stem cells are a type of cell that we all produce. They are nonspecific cells ... At this stage, stem cells begin to differentiate.. Embryonic stem cells can differentiate into more cell types than adult stem ...

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323343.php

Expression of p63 by Stem and TA Cells of Epidermal Cultures.. In the epidermis, stem cells and TA cells are not segregated as ... This engraftment of stem cells will also be essential for successful gene therapy. Second, stem cells are thought to be ... Expression of p63 by Human Limbal/Corneal Stem and TA Cells.. Identification of epithelial stem cells may rely on label- ... Some polypeptides are more abundant in putative epidermal stem cells than in TA cells, but no polypeptide confined to the stem ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/98/6/3156?ijkey=5ef85943f537776fcd707688e8b98930c58a44fd&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Stem cells: Court allows federal funding for embryonic stem.... April 29, 2011 ... that might move public consensus toward a more comprehensive stem cell policy that includes supporting work on any stem cell ... Stem cells, the next step. The Obama administrations draft rules for federally funded research move the science forward, but ... The viewpoint of those who oppose embryonic stem cell research is that it ends human life by destroying embryos made up of just ...

http://articles.latimes.com/2009/apr/25/opinion/ed-stemcell25

... Stem Cell Training course: Human Pluripotent Stem Cells in Culture. 2017-2018 - Course ... basic cell culture training course focusing on induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) and human embryonic stem cells (hESC). The ... Lecture 4: Stem cells in cell therapy and drug discovery. • Lecture 5: The effect of reduced oxygen tension on feeder and ... Ludmila Ruban, Cell Therapy Research Facilitator and Training Coordinator and author of Human pluripotent stem cells in ...

https://www.ucl.ac.uk/biochemeng/research/mbi/courses/hpscc

When a stem cell divides, each new cell has the potential either to remain a stem cell or become another type of cell with a ... Stem Cells News and Research. RSS Stem cells have the remarkable potential to develop into many different cell types in the ... Purification scheme allows collection of elusive blood stem cells from zebrafish Hematopoietic stem cells are multipotent cells ... Patients own stem cells offer a step toward improving motor, sensory function after spinal cord injury Stem cells derived from ...

https://www.news-medical.net/?tag=/Stem+Cells

Stem cell approaches for diabetes: towards beta cell replacement Stem cells hold great promise for pancreatic beta cell ... Human pluripotent cells such as human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and their in ... Focus on stem cells. The explosion of interest in stem cells, over the past decade or so, in both basic and translational ... Stem cell biology and drug discovery There are many reasons to be interested in stem cells, one of the most prominent being ...

https://www.biomedcentral.com/collections/stemcellfocus

Adult stem cells reside in niches that maintain, regulate and protect them. Fresh light has now been shed on how the need for ... Figure 1 , Stem cells under an umbrella. Haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), which give rise to blood-cell ... Cell umbrella protects stem cells from DNA damage. Adult stem cells reside in niches that maintain, regulate and protect them. ... presumably both to prevent stem-cell exhaustion (in which stem cells lose the ability to regenerate cell lineages) and to ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-05166-1?error=cookies_not_supported&code=c98a06ff-2b0f-4bd7-800f-77905e2c8500

... human embryonic stem cells are reshaping biological concepts and starting to move into the clinic. ... It took Douglas Melton at the Harvard Stem Cell Institute in Cambridge 15 years to turn ES cells into functional β-cells - the ... Still, many say that human embryonic stem cells are now more relevant than ever. "I am very excited about embryonic stem cells ... cells. In 2006, stem-cell biologist Shinya Yamanaka at Japans Kyoto University worked out how to return adult mouse cells to ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-03268-4?error=cookies_not_supported&code=ec90a6f1-114f-4f6f-bd28-9069e08c0071

Advances In Stem Cell ResearchResearch Submitted By: M.Z.Arifeen.Submitted By: M.Z.Arifeen. Submitted To: Dr. Aftab Ali Shah… ... skeletal stem cells), These non-hematopoietic stem cells(skeletal stem cells), These non-hematopoietic stem cells make up a ... stem cell niche.called a stem cell niche. Stem cells remain non-dividing for long periods of time untilStem cells remain non- ... goblet cells, paneth cells, and enteroendocrine cells.cells. Skin stem cellsSkin stem cells occur in the basal layer of the ...

https://www.slideshare.net/zainbbt/stem-cell-research-32258236

"Peripheral blood stem cells for allogeneic transplantation: a review". Stem Cells. 19 (2): 108-17. doi:10.1634/stemcells.19-2- ... who have lost their stem cells after birth. Other conditions[13] treated with stem cell transplants include sickle-cell disease ... Peripheral blood stem cells[26] are now the most common source of stem cells for HSCT. They are collected from the blood ... Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the transplantation of multipotent hematopoietic stem cells, usually derived ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_Marrow_Transplant

Similarly, a research group at Lund University in Sweden, has now identified that certain cells during embryonic development ... Short facts pluripotent stem cells Pluripotent stem cells are cells that have the ability to make any specific cell type in the ... They hope in the future to be able to use the system to generate new blood cells, including blood stem cells, for patients in ... They are either derived from embryos (referred to as embryonic stem (ES) cells), or they can be generated from adult cells ...

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2016-10/lu-sca102416.php

... and clinical studies in all areas of stem cell biology and applications. The journal will consider basic, translational, and ... Stem Cells International is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, ... Stem Cells and Ion Channels. Guest Editors: Stefan Liebau, Alexander Kleger, Michael Levin, and Shan Ping Yu *Stem Cells and ... Bioelectric State and Cell Cycle Control of Mammalian Neural Stem Cells, Julieta Aprea and Federico Calegari Review Article (10 ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/sci/si/192421/

A prion protein seems to prevent mesenchymal stem cells from ageing, potentially making them useful for repairing the body for ... stem cells treated with it produced 300 times the number of cells over 250 days than untreated stem cells. The treated cells ... Stem Cells, DOI: 10.1002/stem.1065).. The molecule helps prions protect stem cells from the DNA damage associated with ... COULD we stem the tide of ageing by delaying the deterioration of stem cells? A new compound that appears to do just that could ...

https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg21528784-600-protecting-prion-protein-keeps-stem-cells-young/?ignored=irrelevant

Japanese researchers who invented a way to make powerful stem cells out of ordinary cells say they have now found a safer way ... Stem cells are the bodys master cells, giving rise to all the tissues, organs and blood. Embryonic stem cells are considered ... The mouse embryonic cells reverted to a stem-like state and began behaving like embryonic stem cells. ... Working in mice, they generated induced pluripotent stem cells, or iPS cells, and said they believe the method can work in ...

https://www.reuters.com/article/us-stemcells-skin-idUSTRE4988U120081009

All the hybrid cells became fully converted to embryonic stem cells.". Although not the only controller of stem cells, the team ... Stem cell scientists have pinpointed a molecule that confers the cells with amazing powers of self-renewal and maintains their ... Stem cell trigger pinpointed. The protein that turns back time. By Christopher Williams 16 Jun 2006 at 00:02 ... The stem cells in adult tissues do not have the same breadth of potential as those found in embryos. ...

https://www.theregister.co.uk/2006/06/16/stem_cell_nanog/

... Page Content. Hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) or hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are cells ... HPCs are capable of forming mature blood cells, such as red blood cells (the cells that carry oxygen), platelets (the cells ... Peripheral Blood Progenitor Cells (PBPCs) are another type of cell therapy product that contains HPCs. The cells are collected ... This type of treatment is called a bone marrow or stem cell transplant. HPCs also have been used in clinical trials with U.S. ...

https://www.aabb.org/aabbcct/therapyfacts/Pages/hsc.aspx

... cancer stem cells. As reported in the journal Angewandte Chemie, this dye also selectively kills off the cells. ... Cells with stem-cell characteristics appear to be especially important in the formation and metastasis of tumors. Scientists ... Cells with stem-cell characteristics appear to be especially important in the formation and metastasis of tumors. Scientists ... "Cancer stem cells", also known as tumor-initiating cells (TIC), appear to cause relapses after radiation and chemotherapy ...

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-04/w-mfc040418.php

Scientists have successfully grown complex human brain tissue from human embryonic stem cells and mouse embryonic fibroblasts, ... Popular in: Stem Cell Research. * What are stem cells, and what do they do? ... Scientists grow artificial skin from stem cells of umbilical cord Using stem cells from the human umbilical cord, researchers ... The scientists began the research by using established human embryonic stem cell lines and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells ...

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/265363.php

doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2008.07.041. Epub 2008 Aug 7. Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Govt ... doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2008.07.041. Epub 2008 Aug 7.. Disease-specific induced pluripotent stem cells.. Park IH1, Arora N, Huo H, ... Such disease-specific stem cells offer an unprecedented opportunity to recapitulate both normal and pathologic human tissue ... Here we describe the generation of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells from patients with a variety of genetic diseases with ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18691744?dopt=Abstract

At the same time, Bush did endorse funding for some stem cell research--a reversal of his previous position and an affront to ... That both sides in the stem cell debate see themselves as heroically defending life is one clue to how difficult those issues ... The Tribune has advocated funding for research on stem cells extracted from a limited number of embryos created for the purpose ... But polling suggests that many people see embryonic stem cell research as morally improper--and, at the same time, medically ...

http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2001-08-10/news/0108100303_1_cell-lines-additional-embryos-stem

... and clinical studies in all areas of stem cell biology and applications. The journal will consider basic, translational, and ... Stem Cells International is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, ... Typically, adult stem cells can differentiate into the cell types of the tissue in which they reside. Mesenchymal stem cells ... Stem cells represent unspecialized cells, which have the ability to differentiate into different adult cell types. Here, it is ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/sci/2012/394962/

Here we review the mechanisms and regulation of autophagy in embryonic stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, neural stem cells, and cancer stem cells. (springer.com)
[6] It is an allogenic stem therapy based on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from the bone marrow of adult donors. (wikipedia.org)
ATCC has provided stem cell resources to the research community for more than a decade, with a growing portfolio of cultures to choose from, including mouse embryonic stem cells, human embryonic stem cells, human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), and human iPS cells. (atcc.org)
ATCC offers a targeted array of products for the culture of mesenchymal stem cells. (atcc.org)
At the same time, a large body of evidence pointed towards a role for bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the repair of the damaged heart [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are one of the most investigated adult stem cells. (slideshare.net)
Researchers placed mesenchymal stem cells onto a silicone membrane that was stretched longitudinally once every second. (berkeley.edu)
Mesenchymal stem cells have the ability to turn into different types of connective tissue including bone, cartilage, and muscle. (berkeley.edu)
In an effort to better understand the factors that affect the eventual fate of mesenchymal stem cells, the researchers designed the experiment to simulate the physical forces a cell would encounter if it were to become a blood vessel. (berkeley.edu)
The researchers placed a single layer of mesenchymal stem cells onto a membrane with microgrooves fabricated to resemble the patterns formed in blood vessels by collagen fibers. (berkeley.edu)

In a developing embryo , stem cells can differentiate into all the specialized cells-ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm (see induced pluripotent stem cells )-but also maintain the normal turnover of regenerative organs, such as blood, skin, or intestinal tissues. (wikipedia.org)
In the strictest sense, this requires stem cells to be either totipotent or pluripotent -to be able to give rise to any mature cell type, although multipotent or unipotent progenitor cells are sometimes referred to as stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
Pluripotent, embryonic stem cells originate as inner cell mass (ICM) cells within a blastocyst. (wikipedia.org)
The uproar over stem cells really began in 1998 with the s- cessful derivation of pluripotent human embryonic stem (ES) cells by James Thomson and co-workers. (springer.com)
Scientists call them pluripotent, which means they can become any cell in the body, except for germ cells or the cells that make up the sex organs. (wired.com)
Stem-cell therapy has become controversial following developments such as the ability of scientists to isolate and culture embryonic stem cells , to create stem cells using somatic cell nuclear transfer and their use of techniques to create induced pluripotent stem cells . (wikipedia.org)
This is a hands-on, basic cell culture training course focusing on induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) and human embryonic stem cells (hESC). (ucl.ac.uk)
Lecture 5: The effect of reduced oxygen tension on feeder and feeder free culture of human pluripotent stem cells. (ucl.ac.uk)
Ludmila Ruban, Cell Therapy Research Facilitator and Training Coordinator and author of 'Human pluripotent stem cells in culture', recently published by Springer. (ucl.ac.uk)
52. Trounson and colleagues review recent developments and future prospects of clinical trials for stem cell therapies, highlighting usage of mesenchymal and neural stem cells, and reporting on the start of trials involving lines derived from pluripotent cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) can undergo unlimited self-renewal and are pluripotent, retaining the ability to differentiate into all cell types in the body. (biomedcentral.com)
ES cells are pluripotent and give rise during development to all derivatives of the three primary germ layers: ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm. (slideshare.net)
This is the stage at which pluripotent embryonic stem cell lines are generated. (slideshare.net)
As a licensee of iPS Academia Japan's induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell patent portfolio, ATCC brings to the research community complete cell culturing solutions for iPS cells. (atcc.org)
These multipotent cells can be used for studies of adult stem cell differentiation, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and the creation of induced pluripotent stem cells. (atcc.org)
The researchers use a laboratory based culture system to generate new blood from pluripotent stem cells. (eurekalert.org)
By identifying the negative role of oxidation in new blood cells derived from pluripotent stem cells, we have identified what is perhaps the most significant hurdle in developing laboratory derived blood stem cells for transplantation based therapies. (eurekalert.org)
Pluripotent stem cells are cells that have the ability to make any specific cell type in the body. (eurekalert.org)
They are either derived from embryos (referred to as embryonic stem (ES) cells), or they can be generated from adult cells using a combination of factors that induces them to becoming pluripotent (referred to as induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. (eurekalert.org)
According to new research published in Nature , induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells -which are derived from adult tissue but, like embryonic stem cells, have the potential to proliferate indefinitely and to turn into any type of tissue-trigger an immune reaction when the undifferentiated cells are transplanted into tissue-matched mice. (technologyreview.com)
He then moved on to talk about finding disease-relevant phenotypes, for example using patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). (nature.com)
Andras Nagy talked about his groups attempts to produce a stable pluripotent cell quite different from ESCs. (nature.com)
Working in mice, they generated induced pluripotent stem cells, or iPS cells, and said they believe the method can work in people, too, and is an important step toward a new field called regenerative medicine. (reuters.com)
The scientists began the research by using established human embryonic stem cell lines and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells from mouse embryonic fibroblasts. (medicalnewstoday.com)
We have established a novel approach to studying human neurodevelopmental processes through in vitro culture of cerebral organoids from human pluripotent stem cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The team created induced pluripotent stem cells from a patient with microcephaly . (medicalnewstoday.com)
Disease-specific induced pluripotent stem cells. (nih.gov)
Using a process called cellular reprogramming, the researchers take a patient's skin cells, convert them into so-called induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells , which can differentiate into all the cells within the human body. (freerepublic.com)
We now have the ability to mass produce humanoids, embryonic cells derived from human embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells (the latter can be made from adult cells). (bioethics.net)
Induced stem cells (iSC) are stem cells artificially derived from somatic , reproductive , pluripotent or other cell types by deliberate w:epigenetic reprogramming. (wikiversity.org)
They are classified as either totipotent (iTC), pluripotent (iPSC) or progenitor (multipotent-iMSC, also called an induced multipotent progenitor cell-iMPC) or unipotent -- (iUSC) according to their developmental potential and degree of dedifferentiation . (wikiversity.org)
The researchers were able to identify the minimal conditions and factors that would be sufficient for starting the cascade of molecular and cellular processes to instruct pluripotent cells to organize the w:embryo . (wikiversity.org)
To date, the majority of studies using induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac muscle cells have focused on single cell functional analysis," remarked senior author Dr. Todd J. Herron , an assistant research professor in the Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular & Integrative Physiology at the U-M, in a prepared statement. (redorbit.com)
Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS cell) , immature cell that is generated from an adult (mature) cell and that has regained the capacity to differentiate into any type of cell in the body. (britannica.com)
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) differ from embryonic stem cells (ES cells), which form the inner cell mass of an embryo but also are pluripotent, eventually giving rise to all the cell types that make up the body. (britannica.com)
Induced pluripotent cells were first described in 2006 by Japanese physician and researcher Shinya Yamanaka and colleagues. (britannica.com)
Since the initial development of iPS cells, researchers have been working to improve the techniques and to learn what drives pluripotent stem cells to differentiate in particular ways. (britannica.com)
Induced pluripotent stem cells are made from a patient's own tissue. (zdnet.com)
The standard way to make induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells for medical research is to scrape skin cells and mix up their internal clocks, coaxing them back into pluripotency over a matter of weeks. (scientificamerican.com)
Recently, it was demonstrated that pluripotent cells may be iso- lated from germ-line stem cells within the human testis [12]. (slideshare.net)
A team of researchers has corrected a faulty gene in induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells derived from skin cells of people with an inherited metabolic liver disease. (scientificamerican.com)
maintaining the human pluripotent stem cells in an undifferentiated state for at least 10 weeks. (google.es)
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the human pluripotent stem cells are embryonic stem cells. (google.es)
3. The method of claim 1 , for propagating the human pluripotent stem cells in an undifferentiated state. (google.es)
Embryonic stem (ES) cells are derived from the embryo and are pluripotent, thus possessing the capability of developing into any organ or tissue type or, at least potentially, into a complete embryo. (google.es)
Mouse ES cells are undifferentiated, pluripotent cells derived in vitro from preimplantation embryos (Evans, at al. (google.es)
We are using pluripotent stem cells, so we can make them into any cell type, and with CRISPR, we can remove or insert genes that have the potential to treat many types of disorders. (scienceblog.com)
The team at Kyoto University used induced Pluripotent Stem (iPS) cells for their procedure. (news-medical.net)
The subsequent introduction of patient-derived stem cells, as in the case of induced pluripotent stem cells derived from healthy patients or those diagnosed with a neurological disorder, has further closely approximated cellular development especially under the aging condition. (frontiersin.org)
Stem cells are common in embryos, but within the last 15 years, a technique called cell reprogramming has enabled scientists to turn mature cells back into so-called pluripotent stem cells, with the power to develop into any cell type. (utoronto.ca)
A new technique, however, simplifies the effort required to create what are known as pluripotent stem (iPS) cells stem cells which can become anything from lungs to nerves to bone. (care2.com)
This stress was enough to make the cells pluripotent in as little as 30 minutes. (care2.com)
She developed and proved the method, which combines a very weak acid, physical squeezing and a bacterial toxin to make cells pluripotent. (care2.com)
The next step in the research was to actually prove that the post-stressed cells were, indeed, pluripotent and could be turned into other body cells. (care2.com)
Is the Subject Area "Induced pluripotent stem cells" applicable to this article? (plos.org)
In the latest experiments, he and his colleagues now describe methods for coaxing adult blood cells to become so-called induced-pluripotent stem cells (iPS) --- adult cells reprogrammed to an embryonic like state, and with unprecedented efficiencies. (newswise.com)

2. Stochastic differentiation: when one stem cell develops into two differentiated daughter cells, another stem cell undergoes mitosis and produces two stem cells identical to the original. (wikipedia.org)
Nerve cells, an example of a cell type after differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
Potency specifies the differentiation potential (the potential to differentiate into different cell types) of the stem cell. (wikipedia.org)
The unique self-renewal ability and differentiation ability of stem cells can improve these diseases. (springer.com)
In carcinogenesis ECM degradation triggers metastasis by controlling migration and differentiation including cancer stem cell (CSC) charact. (biomedcentral.com)
By regulating the balance between cell proliferation and differentiation, they maintain. (biomedcentral.com)
Advanced biomaterials have significantly contributed to three-dimensional cell culture systems in recent decades, and more unique and complex biomaterials have been proposed for improving stem-cell proliferation and controlled differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
STEMCELL Technologies: Reprogramming/maintenance/ differentiation. (ucl.ac.uk)
ATCC offers a complete system of tri-lineage-capable neural progenitor cells (NPCs), lineage marker-labeled NPCs, as well as expansion and differentiation media, for generating neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. (atcc.org)
Progenitors are obtained by so-called direct reprogramming or directed differentiation and are also called induced somatic stem cells . (wikiversity.org)
This meant that the cells can change their differentiation pathway. (wikiversity.org)
In w:Drosophila imaginal discs, cells have to choose from a limited number of standard discrete differentiation states. (wikiversity.org)
The fact that transdetermination (change of the path of differentiation) often occurs for a group of cells rather than single cells shows that it is induced rather than part of maturation. (wikiversity.org)
They need to find out how much differentiation these cells require before they become helpful in specific areas of the body. (scientificamerican.com)
Mouse ES cells injected into syngeneic mice form teratocarcinomas that exhibit disorganized differentiation, often with representatives of all three embryonic germ layers. (google.es)
First, we identified a rare fraction of tendon cells that was positive for the known tendon stem cell marker CD146 and exhibited clonogenic capacity, as well as multilineage differentiation ability. (jci.org)
These tendon-resident CD146 + stem/progenitor cells were selectively enriched by connective tissue growth factor delivery (CTGF delivery) in the early phase of tendon healing, followed by tenogenic differentiation in the later phase. (jci.org)
The time-controlled proliferation and differentiation of CD146 + stem/progenitor cells by CTGF delivery successfully led to tendon regeneration with densely aligned collagen fibers, normal level of cellularity, and functional restoration. (jci.org)
Using siRNA knockdown to evaluate factors involved in tendon generation, we demonstrated that the FAK/ERK1/2 signaling pathway regulates CTGF-induced proliferation and differentiation of CD146 + stem/progenitor cells. (jci.org)
The findings, published Oct. 23, in the online early edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, highlight the importance of mechanical forces in stem-cell differentiation. (berkeley.edu)
Experiments in stem-cell differentiation, however, have traditionally relied upon chemical signals to prompt this transformation into the desired cell type. (berkeley.edu)
We are now extending this concept to the cellular level by showing that mechanical stimulation can impact stem-cell differentiation. (berkeley.edu)
This new study is the first to look at the effects of such uniaxial strain on stem-cell differentiation. (berkeley.edu)
Because stem cells recapitulate cellular development, the application of cultured stem cells in a petri dish, which have been upgraded to brain-on-a-chip and organoids, has allowed in-depth probing of cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation under homeostatic and pathologic conditions. (frontiersin.org)
For example, the apparent lineage and differentiation status of tumor cells are significantly affected by signaling abnormalities that are causally related to formation of the tumor. (nih.gov)
Is the Subject Area "Cell differentiation" applicable to this article? (plos.org)

Stem cells are biological cells that can differentiate into other types of cells and can divide to produce more of the same type of stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
the capacity to differentiate into specialized cell types. (wikipedia.org)
Totipotent (a.k.a. omnipotent) stem cells can differentiate into embryonic and extraembryonic cell types. (wikipedia.org)
S tem cells are undifferentiated cells of various origin with the unique characteristic of self-renewal th rough growth and with the potential to differentiate into cells with a specific function. (google.com)
In the past, scientists believed adult stem cells could only differentiate based on their tissue of origin. (medicalnewstoday.com)
However, some evidence now suggests that they can differentiate to become other cell types, as well. (medicalnewstoday.com)
These stem cells generate transient amplifying (TA) cells that terminally differentiate after a discrete number of cell divisions ( 4 ). (pnas.org)
The great proliferative potential of holoclones ( 9 - 12 ), the capacity of a single holoclone to generate a mature epithelium in vivo ( 13 ) and to differentiate into distinct cellular lineages ( 11 ), and the permanent epithelial regeneration achieved in burn victims by means of grafts of autologous cultured keratinocytes ( 14 - 16 ), provide compelling evidence that keratinocyte "stem-ness" can be preserved in culture. (pnas.org)
Stem cells are different from other cells of the body in that they have the ability to differentiate into other cell/tissue types. (slideshare.net)
they can renew themselves and can differentiate to a variety of specialized cells found in the blood. (atcc.org)
Embryonic stem cells are unique in that they are able to develop (or differentiate) into other types of cells. (www.nhs.uk)
They then differentiate the cells into the cell type damaged in the disease and search for the underlying molecular flaws. (technologyreview.com)
their numbers in our bone marrow decline, and those that are left lose the ability to differentiate into the distinct cell types - such as bone, cartilage, fat and possibly muscle cells - that help in the healing process. (newscientist.com)
They identified growth conditions that helped the stem cells differentiate into a variety of brain tissues. (medicalnewstoday.com)
rather, they migrate through the animals' brains, where they differentiate into various types of neural cells including the cells that create the myelin that protects nerve fibers. (freerepublic.com)
After injury, mature terminally differentiated kidney cells dedifferentiate into more primordial versions of themselves, and then differentiate into the cell types needing replacement in the damaged tissue [26] Macrophages can self-renew by local proliferation of mature differentiated cells. (wikiversity.org)
They form characteristic cell clusters in suspension culture that express a set of genes associated with pluripotency and can differentiate into w:endodermal , ectodermal and mesodermal cells both in vitro and in vivo. (wikiversity.org)
GSCs have a broad plasticity and the potential to differentiate into adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic cells. (slideshare.net)
These studies demonstrate that GSCs are easily obtainable stem cells, have growth kinetics and marker expression similar to MSCs, and differentiate into mesodermal lineage cells. (slideshare.net)
The researchers then stimulated the gene-corrected iPS cells to differentiate into cells that exhibited some traits of hepatocytes, the liver cells most affected by A1ATD. (scientificamerican.com)
The embryonic stem cell lines also retain the ability, throughout the culture, to form trophoblast and to differentiate into all tissues derived from all three embryonic germ layers (endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm). (google.es)
b) culturing the primate embryonic stem cells so that they differentiate into derivatives of endoderm. (google.es)
If LIF is removed, mouse ES cells differentiate. (google.es)
Mouse ES cells cultured in non-attaching conditions aggregate and differentiate into simple embryoid bodies, with an outer layer of endoderm and an inner core of primitive ectoderm. (google.es)
Moreover, the Sca-1 + Lin - CD117 - MEF-MSCs induced hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells to differentiate into novel regulatory dendritic cells (DCs) (Sca-1 + Lin - CD117 - MEF-MSC-induced DCs) when cocultured in the absence of exogenous cytokines. (mendeley.com)
The most common method of inducing embryonic stem cells to differentiate is to introduce growth factors or change the chemical composition of the surface on which they grow. (bioedonline.org)
This cell-to-cell interaction, when combined with the introduction of specific growth factors ( in vitro ), can induce cells to differentiate along a specific pathway. (bioedonline.org)
The tumor cells differentiate unidirectionally from the cancer stem cell in a way parallel to normal development. (nih.gov)
Oogonial stem cells (OSCs), also known as egg precursor cells or female germline cells, are diploid germline cells with stem cell characteristics: the ability to renew and differentiate into other cell types, different from their tissue of origin. (wikipedia.org)

Stem cells for research are drawn from blastocysts-embryos that are a few days old, consist of several dozen cells, and are smaller by far than the pinhead on which theology's angels dance. (newyorker.com)
Embryonic stem cells come from embryos between a few days to two weeks old. (wired.com)
Scientists have also derived multipotent stem cells from fetal tissue (taken from embryos older than eight weeks, usually following abortion or spontaneous miscarriage). (wired.com)
Scientists and ethicists have been working on alternatives for obtaining stem cells as powerful as those that come from embryos without actually creating or destroying an embryo. (wired.com)
When scientists take stem cells from embryos, these are usually extra embryos that result from in vitro fertilization (IVF). (medicalnewstoday.com)
If that's the case, the Obama administration made a savvy move with its compromise draft rules on embryonic stem cell science: It greatly expanded the number of embryos available for federally funded research, but refused to open the door to funding research on embryos created for that purpose. (latimes.com)
The compromise proposed by the National Institutes of Health would allow federal money to be used for research on stem cell lines from surplus embryos that were created through fertility treatments. (latimes.com)
The new NIH rules would not allow the use of federal money for studying stem cell lines derived from embryos created specifically for research. (latimes.com)
The viewpoint of those who oppose embryonic stem cell research is that it ends human life by destroying embryos made up of just a few cells. (latimes.com)
Derived from the "inner cell mass" of early stage embryos, mouse ES cells have the potential to generate every cell type found in the body. (atcc.org)
When these stem cells were tested, researchers found that the cells were able to develop into other types of cells in a manner similar to that seen in stem cells derived directly from embryos. (www.nhs.uk)
The discovery could help pave the way for stem cells derived from adult tissues, giving ethical debates over the use of embryos a side-swerve. (theregister.co.uk)
The stem cells in adult tissues do not have the same breadth of potential as those found in embryos. (theregister.co.uk)
Harvard recently announced plans to use private cash to fund research into using human embryos as a source of stem cells. (theregister.co.uk)
The Tribune has advocated funding for research on stem cells extracted from a limited number of embryos created for the purpose of in vitro fertilization, and destined to be discarded. (chicagotribune.com)
The decision Bush announced Wednesday night would fund research on some 60 existing cell lines, though not on new lines from additional embryos. (chicagotribune.com)
And yet, even in recent weeks the issue has grown more complex as competing bands of scientists announced experiments, some in the name of stem cell work, that trouble many Americans--such as the creation of human embryos for the sole purpose of harvesting their stem cells. (chicagotribune.com)
S. 362, the trickily named Stem Cell Research Expansion Act, would allow federal funding for human embryonic stem cell (ESC) research on the condition that no embryos were harmed to derive the stem cells. (wired.com)
Until that time, human stem cells could be obtained only by isolating them from early human embryos. (britannica.com)
Using cells the foetus sheds in amniotic fluid avoids controversy because it doesn't involve destroying embryos to get stem cells. (swissinfo.ch)
In 2004 two-thirds of Swiss voters approved a new law allowing research on stem cells from surplus human embryos. (swissinfo.ch)
The production of stem cells was limited to embryos no older than seven days. (swissinfo.ch)
The scientists hope to use the 'hybrid' embryos to generate embryonic stem (ES) cells for research into regenerative medicine. (scidev.net)
But so far the embryos created by the Chinese scientists have not developed into blastocysts - the stage needed before ES cells can be isolated from human embryos. (scidev.net)
Researchers say the ban has limited their progress and want the opportunity to create new stem cells from human embryos. (cnn.com)
On his campaign Web site, Obama said he supports the creation of new stem cells from embryos created for in vitro fertilization treatments that would otherwise be discarded. (cnn.com)
Second, there are a number of drugs and other interventions, such as endometrial 'scratch', a procedure used to help embryos implant more successfully, that have the potential to increase the stem cell populations in the womb lining. (warwick.ac.uk)
Along with many religious conservatives, Bush opposes research that would result in the destruction of embryos to harvest stem cells despite strong support for the work among researchers and the public. (baltimoresun.com)
Rep. Roscoe G. Bartlett, a Maryland Republican who sponsored legislation that would require federal funding of research into methods of obtaining stem cells without creating or destroying human embryos, welcomed the Bush veto. (baltimoresun.com)
Before the state fund was created in 2006, researchers who wanted to use stem cells derived from embryos were mostly dependant on private grants or were restricted to a few stem cell lines that qualified for federal money. (baltimoresun.com)
But the field has been controversial because the creation of the stem cells usually entails the destruction of human embryos. (nytimes.com)
The new ethical questions relate to extending culture of surplus human embryos generated for in-vitro fertilisation or test-tube babies, generating gametes (reproductive cells) and artificial embryos from stem cells, making animal-human chimeras, and genetically editing the human embryo. (prnewswire.com)

Not so long ago, the study of most stem cells, other than those that regenerated the haematopoietic system, was rather obscure and limited to a relatively small number of researchers and laboratories. (springer.com)
Two years later, Michael Specter took a look at the Bush Administration's approach to science , and found that, despite Proposition 71 and other small-bore efforts, stem-cell researchers were foundering under federal constraints. (newyorker.com)
They also believe embryonic stem cells can provide models to teach researchers about disease progression, and how to stop it. (wired.com)
Additionally, researchers believe that studying stem cells can help them understand how primordial cells transform into all the different types of cells in the human body. (wired.com)
Researchers from the University of Georgia, Emory University School of Medicine and the University of Pittsburgh have received a $2.9 million grant from the National Institutes of Health to test a novel method of producing viable sperm cells from skin cells. (news-medical.net)
Researchers have published the results of their work where stem cell therapy has shown promise in a case of spinal cord injury. (news-medical.net)
The researchers used genetic engineering to generate zebrafish lacking melanocytes, and found that HSPCs developed normally, indicating that the pigmented cells are not essential for HSPC maintenance. (nature.com)
Researchers Dr. Marcelo Rivolta from the University of Sheffield and colleagues have shown that human embryonic stem cells that were differentiated into auditory nerve cells can improve overall by ~45% hearing in gerbils that were treated with ouabain to damage the nerves. (scienceblogs.com)
Researchers have been looking into ways of using a patient's own cells to create embryonic stem cells, as this would ensure that the genetic material in any cells used therapeutically would match the patient's DNA. (www.nhs.uk)
The researchers report that previous attempts to produce embryonic stem cells using this technique have failed, as the cells stopped dividing before they reached an advanced enough stage. (www.nhs.uk)
During their experiments, researchers identified two reasons for this inability to sufficiently grow the cells and developed techniques to overcome these limiting factors. (www.nhs.uk)
This study will no doubt be very exciting for researchers working with stem cells, but we're still a long way from the findings of this study being translated into new treatments for conditions such as Parkinson's disease or heart disease . (www.nhs.uk)
The researchers used a technique called somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) to transfer genetic material from adult human skin cells into a human egg cell in order to produce embryonic stem cells. (www.nhs.uk)
Researchers then optimised methods to prompt the egg cell to start and continue to divide using electricity and chemical compounds, including caffeine. (www.nhs.uk)
When investigating why the derived blood cells did not function as well as donor blood cells, the Lund University researchers found high levels of reactive oxygen species (a class of molecules that cause oxidation) in the newly derived blood cells. (eurekalert.org)
The researchers have also developed a cocktail of factors that could reduce oxidative damage in the cells, and when used resulted in over twenty times more newly generated blood stem cells that could grow. (eurekalert.org)
Researchers have only studied cells from mice, and human iPS cells may not trigger the same reaction. (technologyreview.com)
Researchers from the University of California, San Diego, tested the theory by creating both embryonic stem cells and iPS cells from mice and then transplanting the cells into genetically identical mice. (technologyreview.com)
Researchers emphasize that iPS cells still relatively little studied compared to embryonic stem cells, and extesnvie research is needed before using them in therapies. (technologyreview.com)
In addition to these widely studied stem cell types, researchers have used other extra cardiac stem cell types such as adipose derived stem cells [ 5 ], cortical bone derived stem cells [ 6 ], and cord blood stem cells for cardiac repair. (hindawi.com)
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - Japanese researchers who invented a way to make powerful stem cells out of ordinary cells say they have now found a safer way to do it. (reuters.com)
The researchers induced mouse cells to produce extra quantities of Nanog. (theregister.co.uk)
Led by Nam-Young Kang and Young-Tae Chang, the researchers discovered that their probe, named TiY (for tumor-initiating cell probe yellow), recognizes vimentin, which is a molecule in the cytoskeleton. (eurekalert.org)
In each patient, researchers at University of California, San Francisco, transplanted 75 million neural stem cells into each of four sites in the brain and followed that with immunosuppressive therapy so the recipient wouldn't reject the foreign cells. (freerepublic.com)
University of Michigan ( UM ) researchers recently reported the discovery of a new method that could produce cardiac muscle patches from stem cells. (redorbit.com)
The researchers believe that the stem biology findings will be beneficial to those who suffer from common but life-threatening heart diseases. (redorbit.com)
Bovine mastitis is typically treated with antibiotics, but with the potential threat of antimicrobial resistance and the disease's long-term harm to the animal's teat, researchers at the Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine are laying the foundation for alternative therapies derived from stem cells. (eurekalert.org)
The researchers also found that the secreted factors were more effective against toxins produced by gram-negative bacteria, which are generally more resistant to antibodies because of their thicker cell walls. (eurekalert.org)
But now researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine have turned their attention to another cell type in abundant supply: fat cells. (scientificamerican.com)
Other researchers in the field will be watching to see what further tests might reveal about the practicality of using fat cells instead of skin cells for iPS research. (scientificamerican.com)
The researchers then developed the stem cells into something resembling liver cells. (scientificamerican.com)
Stem cells cultured in labs are known to build up mutations (see Gene defects plague stem-cell lines), so, to check that their changes weren't making things worse, the researchers sequenced the genome of one of the corrected iPS cell lines and compared it to the genomes of the parental skin cells and the uncorrected iPS cells. (scientificamerican.com)
Before the cells can be developed into a clinical therapy, researchers must understand the biological consequences of these mutations, he says. (scientificamerican.com)
Researchers are unable to guarantee that their work with stem cells will produce beneficial results. (pbs.org)
Now Canadian researchers have found a safe way to generate stem cells without using viruses to modify the genome, a process that can have its own dangers. (slashdot.org)
The ethical debate over embryonic stem cell use may soon be moot, thanks to a Canadian team of researchers who, together with a team out of Scotland, has found a safe way to grow stem cells from a patient's own skin. (slashdot.org)
The researchers found that fasting dramatically improves stem cells' ability to regenerate, in both aged and young mice. (scienceblog.com)
After mice fasted for 24 hours, the researchers removed intestinal stem cells and grew them in a culture dish, allowing them to determine whether the cells can give rise to "mini-intestines" known as organoids. (scienceblog.com)
The researchers found that stem cells from the fasting mice doubled their regenerative capacity. (scienceblog.com)
Using new gene-editing technology, researchers have rewired mouse stem cells to fight inflammation caused by arthritis and other chronic conditions. (scienceblog.com)
The cells were developed at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis and Shriners Hospitals for Children-St. Louis, in collaboration with investigators at Duke University and Cytex Therapeutics Inc., both in Durham, N.C. The researchers initially worked with skin cells taken from the tails of mice and converted those cells into stem cells. (scienceblog.com)
The researchers also encoded the stem/cartilage cells with genes that made the cells light up when responding to inflammation, so the scientists easily could determine when the cells were responding. (scienceblog.com)
Japanese researchers have last week transplanted stem cells into a patient's brain as part of an experimental therapy for Parkinson's disease. (news-medical.net)
In a unique initiative, the UMC Utrecht and the Hubrecht Institute facilitated the creation of a newly built location that brings together the largest number of researchers in the field of regenerative medicine and stem cells in the Netherlands. (umcutrecht.nl)
Annelien Bredenoord, Professor in Medical Ethics and member of the Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cells strategic program, investigates ethical aspects of research and research processes: "We work with researchers to identify and address ethical issues, and we develop guidelines or policy. (umcutrecht.nl)
The researchers further found that a stem cell shortage accelerates cellular ageing in the womb. (warwick.ac.uk)
The researchers also looked at the effects of stretching stem cells on a smooth membrane with no microgrooves. (berkeley.edu)
After two days of this cellular exercise regimen, the researchers found a significant increase in the expression of a group of genes that control tensile strength, compared with cells that were not stretched. (berkeley.edu)
As for cell positioning, the researchers found that without the microgrooves, the stem cells would align themselves perpendicular to the direction of the stretch. (berkeley.edu)
In addition to finding that the perpendicular orientation significantly diminished the expression of genes for tensile strength, the researchers also saw a slight increase in cell proliferation when cells were aligned parallel to the axis of strain. (berkeley.edu)
LOS ANGELES - A treatment for eye diseases that is derived from human embryonic stem cells might have improved the vision of two patients, bolstering the beleaguered field, researchers reported Monday. (nytimes.com)
In this case, researchers at Advanced Cell Technology turned embryonic stem cells into retinal pigment epithelial cells. (nytimes.com)
Since these cells offer a tremendous hope for alleviating human suffering, researchers, industry and multicultural societies need to be on the same page with agreed-upon regulatory policy and guidelines that ensure ethical activities, transparency and best practice,' said Professor Arnold Kriegstein, founding director of the Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF). (prnewswire.com)
On Tuesday an appeals court gave US stem cell researchers a boost by permanently lifting a ban imposed on their work in August by a federal judge, reports CNN . (newscientist.com)
The decision by the three appeals court judges following oral evidence from both sides on Monday means that, for now, federally funded researchers can continue their work on human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), which have the potential to turn into all tissues of the body. (newscientist.com)
Researchers in the medical school at the University of California, San Diego (UC San Diego) in a 2016 study repurposed the CRISPR/Cas9 technique to track RNA in live cells in a method called RNA-targeting Cas9 (RCas9). (drugdiscoverynews.com)
Researchers from the University of Toronto's Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (IBBME) and the Donnelly Centre have discovered a population of cells - dubbed to be "elite" - that play a key role in the process of transforming differentiated cells into stem cells. (utoronto.ca)
Some researchers believe that all cells have the capacity to be reprogrammed into an embryonic stem cell-like state, while others believe that only a specific subset of cells have this elite ability. (utoronto.ca)
The researchers hypothesize that the neural crest cells are "fated to be fit. (utoronto.ca)
Temporary squishiness could help drive blood-forming stem cells out of the bone marrow and into the blood, but the cells need to be stiff to stay put and replenish the blood and immune system, the researchers have found. (eurekalert.org)
The book should provide a road map for researchers, clinical investigators and regulators involved in modifying haematopoietic cells. (springer.com)

Adult stem cells are frequently used in various medical therapies (e.g., bone marrow transplantation ). (wikipedia.org)
Embryonic cell lines and autologous embryonic stem cells generated through somatic cell nuclear transfer or dedifferentiation have also been proposed as promising candidates for future therapies. (wikipedia.org)
The result of this 'altered nuclear transfer' would not be an embryo, but a disorganized mass of human cells that would be as useful as embryonic stem cells for medical research and potential therapies. (wired.com)
Bone marrow transplant is the most widely used stem-cell therapy, but some therapies derived from umbilical cord blood are also in use. (wikipedia.org)
[10] In addition to the functions of the cells themselves, paracrine soluble factors produced by stem cells, known as the stem cell secretome , has been found to be another mechanism by which stem cell-based therapies mediate their effects in degenerative , auto-immune and inflammatory diseases. (wikipedia.org)
Stem cell injection therapies have been proposed to overcome the limited efficacy and adverse reactions of bulking agents. (biomedcentral.com)
Cell replacement therapies in Parkinson's disease (PD) aim to provide long-lasting relief of patients' symptoms. (biomedcentral.com)
This may make them potentially useful sources of transplant tissue and cell-based therapies. (slideshare.net)
In addition, most stem cell-based therapies would involve transplantation of differentiated cells, such as brain cells or liver cells, which might not provoke the immune system. (technologyreview.com)
It may be some time before the compound can be used to fight ageing, but similar molecules might have a more immediate benefit in stem cell therapies. (newscientist.com)
YOKOHAMA, JAPAN -For more than a decade, stem cell therapies have been touted as offering hope for those suffering from genetic and degenerative diseases. (freerepublic.com)
This project provides learning resources that help participants learn about Induced stem cells and efforts to produce useful stem cells and obtaining their derivatives for medical therapies. (wikiversity.org)
For potential stem cell-based cardiac regeneration therapies for heart disease, however, it is critical to develop multi-cellular tissue like constructs that beat as a single unit," commented Herron in the statement. (redorbit.com)
The new method could be used in many cardiac research laboratories and allow cardiac stem cell patches to be utilized in disease research, new drug treatment testing, and therapies focused on repairing damaged heart muscles. (redorbit.com)
According to a criminal complaint filed by prosecutors in Turin, Davide Vannoni, head of cell therapy company Stamina Foundation, preyed on hypochondriacs and terminally ill patients who were desperate for experimental therapies when traditional treatments failed. (thedailybeast.com)
Despite the uncertainty around the mecha- nism of adult stem cells action upon transplantation into the in- jured site, these cells are presently the most promising tool for cell-based therapies. (slideshare.net)
In order to broad- en the array of tools for cell-based autologous therapies, we iso- lated a novel renewable stem cell population from the adult testes that has characteristics of MSCs, termed gonadal stem cells (GSCs). (slideshare.net)
SUNRISE, Fla. , May 14, 2018 /PRNewswire/ -- U.S. Stem Cell, Inc. (OTC: USRM), a leader in the development of proprietary, physician-based stem cell therapies and novel regenerative medicine solutions, today announced the release of USRM Chief Science Officer Dr. Kristin Comella's Stem Cell 101 Webinar from last Friday, now available for complimentary playback via live link , http://www.brainshark.com/Stemlogix/vu?pi=zGWzp5LSBz5OLvz0 . (prnewswire.com)
Dr. Comella, a world renowned expert in the development and clinical application of autologous stem cell products and therapies, is one voice in a growing movement recognizing the power of regenerative medicine and, in particular, autologous stem cell therapy . (prnewswire.com)
The attendees at the seminars were excited about regenerative therapies with stem cells, exosomes and growth factors. (prweb.com)
The standing roomy only presentations occurred in front of hundreds of individuals interested in learning the latest advancements and research available regarding stem cell therapies . (prweb.com)
As the leader in offering regenerative therapies in the US, R3 Stem Cell's Centers have performed over 10,000 successful procedures at thirty four Centers across the country. (prweb.com)
The goal of the event, created by the Vatican's Pontifical Council For Culture, The Stem For Life Foundation and STOQ (Science, Theology and the Ontological Quest), is to engage in discussions about the potential for adult stem cells , and other ethical cellular therapies, to treat cancer, diabetes and a other debilitating medical conditions and diseases. (cbsnews.com)
Catalyze the necessary funding to support the development of cell therapies that will cure and treat a broad range of debilitating diseases and medical conditions. (cbsnews.com)
Chris Mason, a University College London professor of regenerative medicine who was not affiliated with the two studies, told the BBC that this is a "game changer" and that it could lead to "personalized, reprogrammed cell therapies" to treat a variety of conditions. (care2.com)
Efficient methods to produce virus-free iPS cells may speed research to develop stem cell therapies, using nearly all cell types, and may provide a more accurate picture of cell development and biology. (newswise.com)

A lot more experimental and technological work has to be done before regenerative stem cell transplantation is a routine occurrence. (google.com)
Ten weeks after transplantation, some of the differentiated cells were shown to grow projections that connected with the brain stem and the animals could perceive more faint sounds. (scienceblogs.com)
Encouraging preclinical results have paved the way for clinical applications of cell therapy and preliminary results obtained from various clinical trials indicate that stem cell transplantation increases cardiac function comparable to the existing interventions for treatment of heart diseases. (hindawi.com)
in the early part of the last decade showed that transplantation of lin − /c-kit+ cells effectively transdifferentiates into cardiac lineages leading to enhanced cardiac function after infarction [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
Despite the excitement, significant concerns persist around the ability of adoptively transferred cells to survive in the ischemic heart and some reports suggest as low as 1% of cells make it in the heart past the first few days of transplantation. (hindawi.com)
This mimics transplantation of cells from one person back into the same person. (zdnet.com)
It will be necessary to characterize the cells in more detail…for their tumorigenicity upon transplantation,' he wrote in an email. (scientificamerican.com)
Recent data on cell transplantation into animal models of degenerative diseases and injuries illustrated the feasibility of the use of adult stem cells for regenerative medicine [1-3]. (slideshare.net)
Suc- cess in transplantation of these cells stimulated the search for other mesenchymal cell populations from different tissues. (slideshare.net)
Recently, the concept that endogenous stem/progenitor cells could be used for regenerating tissues has emerged as a promising approach that potentially overcomes the obstacles related to cell transplantation. (jci.org)
One of the most popular clinical studies being researched these days is stem cell transplantation. (divshare.com)
Embryonic stem cell transplantation is a related course of cells that are in charge of certain functions and systems of the body. (divshare.com)
The cells used in the transplantation process are contrived from "cryopreserved suspensions" from the fetal liver, thymus, bone marrow, spleen, brain, and the pancreas. (divshare.com)
However, because of their immature transplantation to the human body, these cells cause a weaker immune response than mature cells. (divshare.com)
The most extensively used and legitimate stem cell treatment is bone marrow transplantation, used for treating certain blood and immune system disorders. (prnewswire.com)
2) laboratory and clinical investigations on stem cell transplantation. (frontiersin.org)

Adipose tissue (fat cells), which requires extraction by liposuction. (wikipedia.org)
These stem cells can become any tissue in the body, excluding a placenta. (wikipedia.org)
A Stanford bioethicist proposed using human cloning technology, or somatic cell nuclear transfer, to join a human egg and genetically altered human tissue. (wired.com)
It is a necessary requirement to develop a culture system to produce pure populations of tissue-specific stem-cell numbers in vitro without the loss of stem cell potential. (wikipedia.org)
Also called tissue-specific or somatic stem cells, adult stem cells exist throughout the body from the time an embryo develops. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Stem cells are present inside different types of tissue. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Representing 30-40% of our body mass, skeletal muscle is a highly organized tissue made up of a large number of syncytial cells, known as myofibers, which are formed by the fusion of myogenic progenitor cells. (nature.com)
MuSCs typically exist in a quiescent state but may enter the cell cycle following injury in order to regenerate the skeletal muscle tissue and replenish the stem cell pool for future needs. (nature.com)
Moreover, recent studies show that MuSCs are a heterogeneous stem cell population, with different abilities to support tissue regeneration. (nature.com)
The dynamic changes in MuSC behavior are regulated by the microenvironment and by distinct tissue resident cells of the niche that provide molecular cues to regulate MuSC fate. (nature.com)
Tissue-specific stem cells have the crucial role of maintaining and replenishing all the specialized cells that make up a given tissue or system, so it is essential that their functions are preserved throughout an organism's life. (nature.com)
Stem-cell niches have several commonalities, regardless of the type of tissue stem cell they sustain. (nature.com)
They stripped the tissue of all native cells, then added donor stem cells to the scaffolding that was left behind. (scienceblogs.com)
The resulting stem cells could then possibly be used to repair damaged tissue, or even treat genetic conditions. (www.nhs.uk)
In mice, stem cells derived from adult tissue can trigger immune rejection, even when matched to the tissue donor. (technologyreview.com)
A promising type of stem cell may not be as well-suited for tissue replacement transplants as scientists had hoped. (technologyreview.com)
Discovery of tissue specific stem cells capable of forming cardiac cell types has revolutionized cardiac medicine. (hindawi.com)
These are promising outcomes that indicate that the cells have the ability to modulate cardiac repair programs leading to replacement of the lost tissue. (hindawi.com)
The new cells appeared to be of higher quality, too, and readily differentiated into bone and fat cells, as well as those that support the tissue and blood vessels. (newscientist.com)
Embryonic stem cells are considered the most powerful kinds of stem cells, as they have the potential to give rise to any type of tissue. (reuters.com)
If it works, some day doctors may be able to make tailor-made transplants to treat diseases in people by removing a few cells, transforming them in the lab and transplanting the new tissue or organs back in. (reuters.com)
Epithelial cells form the tissue that covers the inner and outer surfaces of the body, forming a boundary with the environment. (eurekalert.org)
The cells are polar, meaning that the side facing toward the underlying tissue and the side directed outward toward the lumen are different. (eurekalert.org)
Scientists have successfully grown complex human brain tissue from stem cells using a new 3D culture system, according to a study published in the journal Nature . (medicalnewstoday.com)
Tissue culture of immortal cell strains from diseased patients is an invaluable resource for medical research but is largely limited to tumor cell lines or transformed derivatives of native tissues. (nih.gov)
Such disease-specific stem cells offer an unprecedented opportunity to recapitulate both normal and pathologic human tissue formation in vitro, thereby enabling disease investigation and drug development. (nih.gov)
The company has created banks of highly purified neural stem cells that are isolated from adult neural tissue. (freerepublic.com)
In the body, tissue homeostasis is established and maintained by resident tissue-specific adult stem cells (aSCs). (biomedcentral.com)
[27] In newts, muscle tissue is regenerated from specialized muscle cells that dedifferentiate and forget the type of cell they had been. (wikiversity.org)
However, it is still an open question whether all cells in the tumor possess the capacity that produces this tissue or not, that is: are there tumor stem cells or there are not. (nih.gov)
In their March 16 paper in Scientific Reports , Van de Walle and Nydam explore how the secretions of bovine mammary stem cells can encourage healing and regrowth of damaged tissue as well as rid the mammary gland of harmful bacteria. (eurekalert.org)
They play a role in the formation of new blood vessels and promote the migration of cells, both of which are integral in healing tissue damaged by mastitis. (eurekalert.org)
It's important to continue pursuing treatments based on human embryonic stem cells," says Xu , "as these have so far proved to be the most reliable and versatile for regenerating new cells and tissue. (zdnet.com)
The potential of iPS cells to help treat everything from damaged heart tissue to Parkinson's disease , has prompted intensive research that has looked into the use of skin fibroblast cells as an alternative to controversial embryonic stem cells. (scientificamerican.com)
Fat stem cells, however, seem especially primed for the job, as they are capable of turning into fat, heart, bone or muscle tissue. (scientificamerican.com)
Over the course of a few days, the team directed the modified stem cells to grow into cartilage cells and produce cartilage tissue. (scienceblog.com)
A shortage of these stem cells in patients suffering recurrent loss is associated with accelerated ageing of the tissue. (warwick.ac.uk)
Current stem cell-based strategies for tissue regeneration involve ex vivo manipulation of these cells to confer features of the desired progenitor population. (jci.org)
Moreover, when HER2-positive cells were implanted in mice, cancer stem cells led the invasion into surrounding tissue. (medpagetoday.com)
The Michigan group also has shown that the stem-cell population in normal and malignant breast tissue exhibits increased expression of the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase as assessed by the Aldefluor assay. (medpagetoday.com)
When stretched, a type of adult stem cell taken from bone marrow can be nudged toward becoming the type of tissue found in blood vessels, according to a new study by Berkeley bioengineers. (berkeley.edu)
It was a cellular-workout routine that helped point the bone-marrow stem cell in the direction of becoming the smooth-muscle tissue of vascular walls. (berkeley.edu)
Embryonic stem cells have the advantage of being able to turn into any kind of body tissue and of being easier to work with in the lab, though that flexibility comes with controversy and ethical questions not found in research on adult stem cells. (berkeley.edu)
Stem cells seem to know the type of tissue they are supposed to become by the type of mechanical strain they are subjected to. (berkeley.edu)
The findings indicate that the stem cells were well on their way to becoming smooth muscle tissue, although they didn't quite get there. (berkeley.edu)

In recent years, when it comes to stem-cell research, rather than furthering discovery, our government has forced what I believe is a false choice between sound science and moral values," Obama announced, flanked by six eminent research scientists. (newyorker.com)
Scientists say these abilities make embryonic stem cells excellent candidates for cell therapy. (wired.com)
Why do scientists want to use stem cells? (wired.com)
Scientists believe they may be able to use stem cells as replacements or patches in people with various diseases. (wired.com)
Scientists have also seen success in heart patients who received stem-cell injections. (wired.com)
Mistakes in that process can lead to cancer, birth defects and many other ailments, so understanding cell development could give scientists insight into how to correct those errors. (wired.com)
Scientists say they have a more limited ability than embryonic stem cells to self-renew. (wired.com)
How hard is it for scientists make the cells into treatments? (wired.com)
Scientists and doctors are interested in stem cells as they help to explain how some functions of the body work, and how they sometimes go wrong. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Scientists are also working on ways to develop stem cells from other cells, using genetic "reprogramming" techniques. (medicalnewstoday.com)
scientists have developed cell lines from people with different disorders, such as Parkinson's. (technologyreview.com)
In the past year, several teams of scientists have reported finding a handful of genes that can transform ordinary skin cells into iPS cells, which look and act like embryonic stem cells. (reuters.com)
Stem cell scientists have pinpointed a molecule that confers the cells with amazing powers of self-renewal and maintains their ability to develop into any other type of cell in the body. (theregister.co.uk)
Syndicated columnist Charles Krauthammer, writing recently in Time magazine, neatly summed up the agony of many who fear the reproductive creativity of some scientists: "I favor federal funding of stem cell research, but now I am scared to death--of my allies. (chicagotribune.com)
Earlier this year, scientists at University of California, Los Angeles, and Advanced Cell Technology of Marlborough, Massachusetts, reported in The Lancet about the safe and successful use of RPE cells derived from human embryonic stem cells, rather than iPS cells, to treat a different type of AMD in a limited number of human patients . (freerepublic.com)
An opportunity for scientists, clinicians, educators and industry professionals to share new data, learn from peers, and discover global advances within the stem cell field. (constantcontact.com)
Regarding the specifics of the project, the goal of the scientists was to use stem cells to develop skin biopsies. (redorbit.com)
To make iPS cells, scientists use a technique called cellular reprogramming , ScienceNOW explains . (zdnet.com)
In the video, scientists discuss the potential of embryonic stem cells to grow into any kind of body cell. (pbs.org)
Scientists want the freedom to work with stem cells but, as is typical with research, they cannot predict where such research will lead. (pbs.org)
Scientists at Zurich University have for the first time grown human heart valves using stem cells from the amniotic fluid that cushions babies in the womb. (swissinfo.ch)
Chinese scientists have revealed that they have transferred nuclei from human cells into rabbit eggs stripped of their own chromosomes. (scidev.net)
New international guidelines on human embryonic stem cell research call for close scrutiny of scientists and clear consent from people donating cells, but do not settle the issue of paying women who donate eggs. (latimes.com)
The International Society for Stem Cell Research, the principal scientific group for stem cell scientists, said its 15 pages of guidelines released Thursday were meant to establish ground rules for a field stung by a fraud scandal and opposition on moral grounds. (latimes.com)
STEM CELL TAKE BACK A study claiming to have grown a mouse fetus with simple stem cells was retracted after scientists couldn't replicate the work. (sciencenews.org)
In January, scientists claimed to have made ultraflexible stem cells, known as STAP cells, by dipping mature cells into acid or by putting the cells under gentle pressure ( SN: 2/22/14, p. 6 ). (sciencenews.org)
Scientists at the University of Warwick have discovered that a lack of stem cells in the womb lining is causing thousands of women to suffer from recurrent miscarriages. (warwick.ac.uk)
Some scientists in Maryland have patched together state grants and private donations to keep embryonic stem cell work going, but others have shied away for lack of federal support, officials said. (baltimoresun.com)
Irina Conboy notes the 'disconnect' on stem-cell issues between scientists and other academics. (berkeley.edu)
Irina Conboy, an assistant professor of bioengineering who uses stem-cell science in an effort to combat degenerative diseases that come with aging, said the interchange is necessary because there is often a "disconnect" between academics and working scientists like herself. (berkeley.edu)
Stem cell research is a big political issue right now and according to some scientists stem cell research is very fragile area but promising area to mankind. (answers.com)
Within the last ten years though, scientists have made leaps and bounds in finding out concrete facts that this stem cell research has supplied. (divshare.com)
Tommy G. Thompson, Secretary of Health Services states, "I believe it will open up a world of opportunity for scientists, not only at the NIH, but elsewhere, because it demonstrates a cooperative atmosphere among academia, the private sector, and government that will allow us to move ahead" ("sign stem"1). (divshare.com)
LISBON, Portugal , June 13, 2019 /PRNewswire/ -- New discoveries from stem cell research have raised hope among scientists for breakthrough cures for common diseases ranging from heart disease to diabetes. (prnewswire.com)
Before this, scientists could harvest the inner cell mass of the blastocyst, but were able to keep them alive only for a very short time. (bioedonline.org)
Scientists at Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Georgia Tech have found that modulating blood-forming stem cells' stiffness could possibly facilitate mobilization procedures used for stem cell-based transplants. (eurekalert.org)
The Ptpn21-mutant cells were indeed squishier, and the scientists were able to measure exactly how much. (eurekalert.org)
In Genetic Modification of Hematopoietic Stem Cells: Methods and Protocols , leading scientists in the field provide a compendium of protocols which cover the subject comprehensively, from the purification and culture of various types of hematopoietic cells for subsequent genetic modification by vector development and technical issues of small and large scale vector production, to the complex issue of monitoring and biosafety studies related to gene-modified hematopoiesis. (springer.com)
Available exclusively to our Member community, Member-to-Member Mentoring is a self-directed mentoring program that matches early career scientists and engineers with experienced STEM professionals for advice and coaching. (nyas.org)
Newswise - Johns Hopkins scientists have developed a reliable method to turn the clock back on blood cells, restoring them to a primitive stem cell state from which they can then develop into any other type of cell in the body. (newswise.com)
Zambidis says his team has managed to develop a "super efficient, virus-free" way to make iPS cells, overcoming a persistent difficulty for scientists working with these cells in the laboratory. (newswise.com)
Traditionally, scientists use viruses to deliver a package of genes to cells to turn on processes that convert the cells from one type (such as skin or blood) back to stem cell states. (newswise.com)
When scientists compared the cells grown using the blood cell method with iPS cells grown from hair cells and from skin cells, they found that the most superior iPS cells came from blood stem cells treated with just four genes and cultured with the bone marrow cells. (newswise.com)
A number of scientists have since then used mathematical models to suggest that, without an oocyte stem cell (OSC) population, the female mammal will not have enough oocytes to complete their reproductive lives due to rate of atresia during the normal cycle is significant. (wikipedia.org)

embryonic stem cells , which are isolated from the inner cell mass of blastocysts , and adult stem cells , which are found in various tissues . (wikipedia.org)
In adult organisms, stem cells and progenitor cells act as a repair system for the body, replenishing adult tissues. (wikipedia.org)
Stem cells can now be artificially grown and transformed (differentiated) into specialized cell types with characteristics consistent with cells of various tissues such as muscles or nerves. (wikipedia.org)
Only cells from an earlier stage of the embryo, known as the morula , are totipotent, able to become all tissues in the body and the extraembryonic placenta. (wikipedia.org)
In some parts of the body, such as the gut and bone marrow , stem cells regularly divide to produce new body tissues for maintenance and repair. (medicalnewstoday.com)
In addition, in many tissues they serve as a sort of internal repair system, dividing essentially without limit to replenish other cells as long as the person or animal is still alive. (news-medical.net)
With this ability, they have been used to replace defective cells/tissues in patients who have certain diseases or defects. (slideshare.net)
Following the blastocyst stage, the tissues of the embryo start to form and the cells become multipotent. (slideshare.net)
It helps to balance the production of new cells with the loss of old ones, to sculpt growing tissues and to destroy potential cancer cells. (scienceblogs.com)
Stem cells are the body's master cells, giving rise to all the tissues, organs and blood. (reuters.com)
They showed when the Nanog cells were joined with cells previously destined to become nerves they were pushed back in time, regaining the ability to become other tissues. (theregister.co.uk)
Although not the only controller of stem cells, the team say the work on Nanog - named after the Celtic mythical forever-young land of Tir Nan Og - is an important step to understanding the mysteries of what stops them becoming differentiated tissues. (theregister.co.uk)
Tissues characterized by constant turnover contain post-mitotic, terminally differentiated cells originating from highly proliferative progenitors, which in turn derive from a relatively small population of st. (biomedcentral.com)
Like embryonic stem cells , iPS cells can grow into many other cell types - an ability called pluripotency - to help replace damaged tissues and organs. (zdnet.com)
The process by which specialized cells and tissues develop from common, unspecialized ancestor cells, such as stem cells. (pbs.org)
Such stem cells, known as SMART cells (Stem cells Modified for Autonomous Regenerative Therapy), develop into cartilage cells that produce a biologic anti-inflammatory drug that, ideally, will replace arthritic cartilage and simultaneously protect joints and other tissues from damage that occurs with chronic inflammation. (scienceblog.com)
With an eye toward further applications of this approach, Brunger added, "The ability to build living tissues from 'smart' stem cells that precisely respond to their environment opens up exciting possibilities for investigation in regenerative medicine. (scienceblog.com)
Our bodies contain stem cells, which are capable of regenerating damaged tissues and we hope that a wide variety of diseases can be treated either through cellular therapy or by stimulating the body's own stem cells into repairing their own tissues. (umcutrecht.nl)
Through grueling research and tests, Embryonic Stem Cells have been used to regenerate tissues and cells using undifferentiated cells and coaxing them into a differentiated state. (divshare.com)
Self-renewing and able to duplicate, stem cells are used to halt or even reverse chronic diseases by repairing or replacing tissues or organs. (prnewswire.com)

Stem cell research" redirects here. (wikipedia.org)
For the journal, see Stem Cell Research (journal) . (wikipedia.org)
[2] Research into stem cells grew out of findings by Ernest A. McCulloch and James E. Till at the University of Toronto in the 1960s. (wikipedia.org)
Signi?cant advances in stem cell research and their potentials for therap- tic applications have attracted the attention of the scienti?c community and captured the imagination of society as a whole. (springer.com)
Since 1998, extensive research endeavours have been devoted to the study of both embryonic and adult stem cells. (springer.com)
Whether these excess blastocysts are simply discarded, as the opponents of stem-cell research would apparently prefer, or whether a few hundred of them become the basis for a biomedical alchemy that could benefit millions, the amount of actual human suffering entailed would be the same: zero. (newyorker.com)
But if your comprehension of stem-cell research doesn't go beyond that, you're not alone. (wired.com)
And everyone should, because stem-cell research brings up issues like where your tax money goes, who you vote for, your family's health and even your most fundamental beliefs about what makes us human. (wired.com)
We hope this list of frequently asked questions will serve as a foundation on which you can form your own opinions about stem-cell research. (wired.com)
Research is underway to develop various sources for stem cells, as well as to apply stem-cell treatments for neurodegenerative diseases and conditions such as diabetes and heart disease . (wikipedia.org)
In order to be used for research or treatment applications, large numbers of high-quality stem cells are needed. (wikipedia.org)
Such research might involve attempts to produce genetically matched organs for transplant or stem cell lines that reflect racial and ethnic diversity. (latimes.com)
The course would be applicable for those in industry aiming to work on stem research and bioprocessing. (ucl.ac.uk)
BD Biosciences: Diverse set of tools for stem cell research. (ucl.ac.uk)
A research team headed by Prof. Dr. Sebastian Arnold and Jelena Tosic from the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Freiburg has now succeeded in deciphering basic molecular control mechanisms by which stem cells decide which embryonic cell types to turn into. (news-medical.net)
The explosion of interest in stem cells, over the past decade or so, in both basic and translational research has encouraged three of BioMed Central's flagship journals, BMC Biology , BMC Medicine and Genome Medicine , to come together to present a series of specially commissioned comment and review articles on stem cell biology and medicine. (biomedcentral.com)
In this thematic series we aim to highlight some of the most important and topical issues - including recent advances, controversies and challenges in stem cell research, and of course their clinical implications. (biomedcentral.com)
This makes them less suitable for establishing cell lines for research. (slideshare.net)
These headlines are based on newly published research into the use of a technique known as somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) as part of embryonic stem cell research. (www.nhs.uk)
This research is the first time the technique has been successful using human cells. (www.nhs.uk)
Media coverage of this study was as varied as people's feelings are about stem cell research. (www.nhs.uk)
Similarly, a research group at Lund University in Sweden, has now identified that certain cells during embryonic development also are negatively affected by oxidation. (eurekalert.org)
Earlier research in mice had suggested that the prion protein expressed by MSCs might play a role in holding back stem cell ageing. (newscientist.com)
The debate over federal funding for research on embryonic stem cells has been intense, exhaustive and, in the end, irreconcilable in a way that bridges all of our passionate differences on this issue. (chicagotribune.com)
But polling suggests that many people see embryonic stem cell research as morally improper--and, at the same time, medically imperative. (chicagotribune.com)
At the same time, Bush did endorse funding for some stem cell research--a reversal of his previous position and an affront to important parts of his political base. (chicagotribune.com)
The promise took another step toward reality last week with announcements here at the annual meeting of the International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR) that two groups are moving forward with human clinical research, one focusing on a rare genetic neurological disease and the other for the loss of vision in the elderly. (freerepublic.com)
In her presentation, Ann Tsukamoto, StemCells' vice president for research, said the company chose to test its neural stem cell approach on PMD because there is currently no treatment for the condition and a diagnosis can be confirmed by genetic testing and magnetic resonance imaging. (freerepublic.com)
The research team has not directly tested whether the transplanted RPE cells improved the animal's vision. (freerepublic.com)
An article collection in Stem Cell Research & Therapy . (biomedcentral.com)
If you're tired of hearing about stem-cell research, brace yourself. (wired.com)
The Senate will vote on the Stem Cell Research Enhancement Act (SCREA) after Easter, Harry Reid confirmed yesterday. (wired.com)
It would provide $5 billion in funding for all forms of stem-cell research (adult and embryonic, animal and human), with up to 10% of the money designated to promote embryo adoption and develop the methods allowed by S. 362. (wired.com)
Side note: A Domestic Policy Council report [.pdf] released earlier this year stated that $3 billion has already been spent on stem-cell research in the first six years of Bush's Presidency, so $5 billion over 10 years is actually a decrease in funding when considering inflation and the 10% of diverted funding. (wired.com)
Given such a case, Reid may have to postpone Senate votes on the stem-cell bill until a veto would give supporters of stem-cell research a political boost. (wired.com)
This entry was posted in Health Care , Stem Cells and tagged Allocation / Access / Public Health , bioethics , biotechnology , Consent / Research , Health Care Practice , human dignity , syndicated . (bioethics.net)
This entry was posted in Clinical Trials & Studies , Cultural , Featured Posts , Global Ethics , Human Subjects Research & IRBs , Stem Cells , Technology . (bioethics.net)
The innovative process was created at UM´s Center for Arrhythmia Research and effectively uses stem cells that can copy the heart´s squeezing action. (redorbit.com)
The New York Stem Cell Foundation (NYSCF, http://www.nyscf.org ), established in 2005, is dedicated to furthering human embryonic stem cell research to advance the search for cures of the major diseases of our time. (idealist.org)
The focus of our research is to understand the link of inflammation and the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) compartment via the effect of the pro-inflammatory cytokines on quiescent HSCs and their niche. (dkfz.de)
According to prosecutors, that's what a controversial Italian professor, now facing criminal charges for the illegal harvesting, research and manipulation of stem cells, has been banking on for the last eight years. (thedailybeast.com)
Stamina Foundation and its subsidiaries Cell Factories, Medestea Stemcells and Biogenesis Research-which are all named in the complaint-had operational offices in Italy, Switzerland, Mexico, and Hong Kong. (thedailybeast.com)
Van de Walle's lab at the Baker Institute for Animal Health performs basic research on viral pathogenesis and stem cell biology, and Nydam is the director of Quality Milk Production Services, a program that addresses milk quality issues for producers, such as disease control and antibiotic use. (eurekalert.org)
Wu and Longaker's research thus far has taken a fairly broad swipe at reprogramming adipose fat stem cells, so the team hopes to refine the process to target only the most efficient candidates. (scientificamerican.com)
A process by which an embryo is created through nuclear transfer in order to obtain stem cells from it for therapeutic and/or research purposes. (pbs.org)
As an extension, have students research what nerve, muscle, blood, and skin cells do and how each cell type's structure is related to its function. (pbs.org)
Explore the ethics of stem cell research. (pbs.org)
No one is able to guarantee that stem cell research will lead to cures. (pbs.org)
Who should have jurisdiction over stem cell research (e.g. (pbs.org)
David Sabatini, an MIT professor of biology and member of the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research and the Koch Institute, is also a senior author of the paper, which appears in the May 3 issue of Cell Stem Cell . (scienceblog.com)
If you have to wait for the baby to arrive to collect cells, it takes another six to eight weeks before a valve is ready to implant, which is often too late," Dr Simon Hoerstrup, the university's head of cardiovascular surgery research, told swissinfo. (swissinfo.ch)
Hoerstrup, who presented the research this week at an American Heart Association conference in Chicago, said that besides heart valves, this stem cell therapy might be used to repair blood vessels or patch up holes in the heart's ventricular wall. (swissinfo.ch)
The research is available online April 27 in the journal Stem Cell Reports. (scienceblog.com)
By also cooperating with companies, we want to develop a mass production system that enables us to deliver nerve cells derived from iPS cells to all over the world," said Jun Takahashi, a professor at the university's Center for iPS Cell Research and Application who led the research team, at a news conference. (news-medical.net)
WASHINGTON (CNN) -- President-elect Barack Obama could reverse some of President Bush's most controversial executive orders, including restrictions on embryonic stem cell research, shortly after taking office in January. (cnn.com)
Obama is expected to use his executive authority to reverse Bush's order limiting the types of embryonic stem cell research that can receive federal tax dollars. (cnn.com)
In August 2001, Bush barred the National Institutes of Health from funding research on embryonic stem cells other than that using 60 cell lines existing when he signed the executive order. (cnn.com)
Unfortunately, the president's position on stem cells has been misconstrued over the years, with the suggestion that President Bush put a ban on research for embryonic stem cell research. (cnn.com)
Advocates say embryonic stem cell research is the best hope for cures for conditions such diseases as Alzheimer's, diabetes and Parkinson's. (latimes.com)
They also require explicit consent from anyone donating cells for such research. (latimes.com)
The rules permit the possibility of experiments creating chimeras -- animals seeded with human cells -- if approved by an institution's stem cell research oversight mechanism. (latimes.com)
Read more about medical ethics in regenerative medicine and stem cell research. (umcutrecht.nl)
An incredibly easy method for making stem cells turned out to be too good to be true, again tainting stem cell research with controversy and stirring up disquiet over some scientific publishing policies. (sciencenews.org)
Stem Cell research and therapy have been growing at a rapid rate over the past fifteen years. (amazon.co.uk)
Several research groups have shown that cancer stem cells constitute 1% to 5% of the primary tumor, can form tumors in immunocompromised mice, and generate the phenotypic heterogeneity of the initial tumor. (medpagetoday.com)
The investigators continued the research in the current study, which focused on the effects of HER2 overexpression on normal and malignant breast stem cells. (medpagetoday.com)
President Bush vetoed legislation to expand federal funding for embryonic stem cell research yesterday, prompting officials at Maryland research institutions to issue warnings that restrictions on the science are slowing medical progress. (baltimoresun.com)
The Bush veto - his second of legislation that would overturn an executive order restricting stem cell funding - means that it's doubtful that there will be any expansion of federally backed stem cell research during his last 19 months in office. (baltimoresun.com)
He issued an executive order requiring the National Institutes of Health to ensure federal funding for research on adult stem cell lines that, like embryonic stem cells, can mature into a number of cell types. (baltimoresun.com)
Democrats will continue to fight to lift the current restrictive policy on federal funding for research on embryonic stem cells so that we can look back on this administration's approach as nothing more than a regrettable, temporary anomaly,' said House Majority Leader Steny H. Hoyer of Maryland. (baltimoresun.com)
Since Bush restricted stem cell research in 2001, Maryland has joined several states in filling the void with state funds. (baltimoresun.com)
Last month, the Maryland Stem Cell Research Commission allotted $14.5 million to 24 stem cell projects, at least 10 of which involved embryonic cells. (baltimoresun.com)
The governor is committed to continuing to fund stem cell research but I can't speak to the exact dollar amounts, given the $1.5 billion structural deficit that this administration inherited,' said Rick Abbruzzese, O'Malley's press secretary. (baltimoresun.com)
Baltimore Democrat Samuel I. Rosenberg, one of the House of Delegates ' leading supporters of stem cell research, said he still hopes for more money in fiscal 2009. (baltimoresun.com)
Conservatives aren't happy about President Obama's reversal on federal funding for embryonic stem-cell research, Politico's Carrie Budoff Brown writes. (christianitytoday.com)
And Dan Gilgoff reports on the faith-based VIPs at President Obama's stem-cell research signing yesterday. (christianitytoday.com)
But research on both types of stem cells holds the promise of treatments for diseased or damaged body parts. (berkeley.edu)
Song Li, associate professor of bioengineering and principal investigator of the study, heads one of the leading research groups in the country investigating the role of a stem cell's physical environment on its development. (berkeley.edu)
Rarely has a medical revolution captured the hopes and horrors of so many as has stem-cell research. (berkeley.edu)
For example, Chancellor Robert Birgeneau allocated funds in early spring 2006 to kick-start the campus's stem-cell program, with a proportion of those funds going to research and training in the societal implications of stem-cell research. (berkeley.edu)
Another example is provided by the Rothschild Foundation, which has funded stem-cell research at Harvard University. (berkeley.edu)
In October the institute sponsored a stem-cell conference at Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute called "Toward Fair Cures. (berkeley.edu)
My own value system says adult stem cell research is "right" while embryonic stem cell research as it has been performed thus far is "wrong. (answers.com)
Several see embryonic stem cell research in a similar light. (answers.com)
I believe embryonic stem cell research could be justified if it was the only way such research could occur and if it showed promise. (answers.com)
Thus far, embryonic stem cell research has cost billions, resulted in the indictment of Korean researcher Hwang Woo-Suki and his research team on fraud and embezzlement charges, and produced no tangible results while requiring the taking of a human life to perform. (answers.com)
On the other hand adult bone marrow stem cell research, while still experimental, has produced several cures including the first patient considered to be "cured" of AIDS. (answers.com)
This research has been accomplished largely with private research funds and does not require the taking of a human life and in fact can be performed with a patient's own stem cells. (answers.com)
What are the advantages of stem cell research? (answers.com)
Stem cell research can potentially treat a wide range of medical problems. (answers.com)
Should stem cell research be continued? (answers.com)
What does Barack Obama think about stem cell research? (answers.com)
He is in favor of stem cell research. (answers.com)
How much is embryonic stem cell research? (answers.com)
How will stem cell research be funded? (answers.com)
Right now most of the stem cells research is funded by government agency i.e, NIH (National Institute of Health). (answers.com)
New ways of conducting stem cell research have made the healing and repairing treatment for many diverse applications. (divshare.com)
New ways of conducting stem cell research have made the. (divshare.com)
Stem cell research is paramount to developing at minimum, treatments, if not outright cures for extremely common illnesses associated with old age, as well as rarer types of disease that tend to strike people in the prime of their lives. (divshare.com)
Professor Timothy Caulfield , research director at the Health Law Institute, University of Alberta , calls this 'scienceploitation': 'Now you see stem cell, genetic, and increasingly, microbiome research being exploited to sell a host of ridiculous products. (prnewswire.com)
Ironically, countries with high poverty rates stand to benefit the most from ethically responsible progress in the field, said Professor El-Nasir Lalani, founding director of AKU's Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research. (prnewswire.com)
Professor Lalani also spoke about a research capacity building partnership between AKU and UCSF in developing a comprehensive and integrated research programme in stem cell biology and regenerative medicine. (prnewswire.com)
Being a research-led University, we believe that investing in stem cell research is a step forward toward achieving the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals. (prnewswire.com)
To stop the train completely would also be unethical, as the hope for breakthrough cures from stem cell research is greater than ever. (prnewswire.com)
Here, we present milestone studies in basic science, translational medicine, and clinical research detailing the discovery, mechanism, and therapeutic applications of stem cells in aging related neurological disorders. (frontiersin.org)
This Research Topic welcomes the critical analysis of the stem cell field as a cellular development tool and as a therapeutic regimen, in the hopes of further advancing the field of cell-based regenerative medicine for aging related neurological disorders. (frontiersin.org)
The results from animal research were published on March 14 in the journal Cell Stem Cell . (eurekalert.org)
How deformable cells are, and thus how stiff or squishy they are, plays an important role in retaining blood-forming stem cells in their marrow niches and thus preserving their long-term repopulation capabilities, says lead author Cheng-Kui Qu, MD, PhD. The research provides insights into how alterations in blood stem cell biomechanics can be associated with certain blood disorders, including leukemias. (eurekalert.org)
With the incredible potential of gene transfer into hematopoietic stem cells, active research in this field has become critically important. (springer.com)
Unique and cutting-edge, Genetic Modification of Hematopoietic Stem Cells: Methods and Protocols is an ideal, thorough resource to promote further research and the implementation of investigator-driven clinical studies using gene-modified hematopoietic cells. (springer.com)
This book is a great help for the design of excellent research in basic hematology, oncology, genetics, and immunology, and also promote the implementation of investigator-driven clinical studies using gene-modified hematopoietic cells. (springer.com)
The book represents an outstanding work, which should not be missed in all biomedical research laboratories dealing with gene therapy of hematopoietic cells. (springer.com)
One of the studies' co-authors, stem-cell research Yoshiki Sasai with the RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology in Japan, told Nature that this discovery is "amazing. (care2.com)
Learn from diverse STEM experts about their research and experience in the field, and participate in a conversation about making STEM more inclusive! (nyas.org)
Should I trust my Medical Doctor and the drugs my MD prescribes or research natural wellness and stem cell nutrition? (scoop.it)
The work was supported by grants from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, (1U01HL099775 and U01HL100397), the National Cancer Institute (CA60441), both part of the National Institutes of Health, and the Maryland Stem Cell Research Fund (2011-MSCRF II-0008-00 and 2007-MSCRF II-0379-00). (newswise.com)
New research indicates that oogonial stem cells do not exist in mice and there is no convincing evidence they exist in other mammals. (wikipedia.org)
However, in 2004, new research by Jonathan Tilly and colleagues came about to suggest that a new population of stem cells in female mammals does exist, which could possibly be used for personalized therapeutics. (wikipedia.org)

removing one cell from a very early embryo and deriving stem cells from that cell. (wired.com)
Around 3-5 days after a sperm fertilizes an egg, the embryo takes the form of a blastocyst or ball of cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)
A blastocyst is an early stage embryo-approximately four to five days old in humans and consisting of 50-150 cells. (slideshare.net)
The fertilized egg (day 1) undergoes cell division to form a 2-cell embryo, followed by 4-cell, etc. until a ball of cells is formed by the fourth day. (slideshare.net)
These are then fused with human cells - in this case skin cells - and the fused cell begins behaving in a similar way to an embryo by producing human stem cells. (www.nhs.uk)
Yamanaka's team tried several different methods but eventually looped three of the genes needed into one plasmid and the fourth into another, and transplanted these into cells from a mouse embryo. (reuters.com)
Gastrulation, simply put, means the embryo develops an axis and distinctly different cell layers. (bioethics.net)
Hence, an important feature of iPS cells is that their generation does not require an embryo, the use of which is fraught with ethical issues. (britannica.com)
Also, since iPS cells don't require embryo use, they're not subject to federal restrictions like embryonic stem cells. (zdnet.com)
By activating a handful of genes, they turn the developmental clock backward in adult cells, converting them into an embryo-like state. (zdnet.com)
A hollow ball of cells that forms early in the development of an animal embryo-about four days after conception of an embryo. (pbs.org)
You take cells from the amniotic fluid without harming the unborn child and there is no sacrifice of an embryo. (swissinfo.ch)
Ageing cells mount an inflammatory response, which may facilitate implantation of an embryo but is detrimental for its further development. (warwick.ac.uk)
Professor Brosens added: "After an embryo has implanted, the lining of the uterus develops into a specialised structure called the decidua, and this process can be replicated when cells from the uterus are cultured in the lab. (warwick.ac.uk)
These cells originate from a part of the embryo known as the neural crest, which play a key role in the development of skin, neuronal and smooth muscle cells. (utoronto.ca)
But here's a new twist on these controversial cells: what if you could do the reverse, and turn almost any human cell into the equivalent of an embryonic stem cell without taking the cells from an embryo in the first place? (care2.com)
They tagged some cells with a fluorescent dye and injected them into a mouse embryo. (care2.com)
Taking a cell from an adult and converting it all the way back to the way it was when that person was a 6-day-old embryo creates a completely new biology toward our understanding of how cells age and what happens when things go wrong, as in cancer development," Zambidis says. (newswise.com)

These agents, however, cannot discriminate between the leukaemia or neoplastic cells, and the hematopoietic stem cells within the bone marrow. (wikipedia.org)
a donor's healthy bone marrow reintroduces functional stem cells to replace the cells lost in the host's body during treatment. (wikipedia.org)
ATCC offers CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells isolated from bone marrow. (atcc.org)
They hope in the future to be able to use the system to generate new blood cells, including blood stem cells, for patients in need of bone marrow transplants. (eurekalert.org)
One of the first stem cell types to be used for cardiac regeneration was derived from the mononuclear fraction of the bone marrow and the cells were designated as bone marrow mononuclear cells [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
Ensuing years saw establishment of the finding that the bone marrow is host to a variety of distinct stem/progenitor cell populations possessing cardiogenic repair potential. (hindawi.com)
Hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) or hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are cells present in blood and bone marrow. (aabb.org)
This type of treatment is called a bone marrow or stem cell transplant. (aabb.org)
Bone marrow cells are collected during a surgical procedure that takes approximately an hour. (aabb.org)
After the marrow is collected, the cell suspension is passed through a series of sterile filters of decreasing size to remove fat, bone particles and cellular debris. (aabb.org)
B) Fibroblast (ADA and GBA) or bone marrow mesenchymal cells (SBDS) were used to generate iPS lines. (nih.gov)
The vast majority of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) reside in specialized niches within the bone marrow during steady state, maintaining lifelong blood cell production. (biomedcentral.com)
mediated remodeling of endothelial cells in the bone marrow niche. (dkfz.de)
Stem cell s are able to divide indefinitely and have the potential to develop into different types of cells, such as muscle, nerve, bone, or heart cells. (pbs.org)
Stem cells obtained from a blastocyst instead of from another source, such as tooth pulp, bone marrow, or an umbilical cord. (pbs.org)
If I am reading correctly, the only "production-ready" stem cell treatments are involving cancer (specifically leukemia and other blood-related cancers) - there's been some success at replenishing bone marrow after a round of chemo knocks out all of the existing marrow. (slashdot.org)
Meanwhile, bone cells (osteoblasts), which are responsible for bone maintenance, are very small and round, and must live embedded in hard calcified bone. (bioedonline.org)
For cartilage and bone, particularly at the joints, cells experience compression forces," Li says. (berkeley.edu)
Active and rapid recovery of the composition of peripheral blood as well as the cell composition of bone marrow- if it was damaged. (divshare.com)
This type of stem cell has the potential to be any cell in the body, and offers less rejection for a recipient that needs a bone marrow or stem cell transplant. (divshare.com)
Instead, doctors use a drug (G-CSF) that encourages blood-forming stem cells to leave the bone marrow and enter the blood, because it generally gives a higher yield. (eurekalert.org)
The mutant mice were very sensitive to chemotherapy drugs, but it was also easier to spur blood stem cells out of their bone marrow. (eurekalert.org)
The blood cells were also given an additional new step in which they were stimulated with their natural bone-marrow environment. (newswise.com)
The scientific team next grew some of the treated cells in a dish alone, and some together with irradiated bone-marrow cells. (newswise.com)
Their techniques also were successful in experiments with blood cells from adult bone marrow and from circulating blood. (newswise.com)

Being able to skip the mouse feeder cell step necessary with skin cells, along with the shortened culturing period, may make the new method more palatable to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which must approve such treatments for human use and prefers methods that reduce opportunities for contamination. (scientificamerican.com)

Barack Obama signed an executive order this morning reversing George W. Bush's August, 2001, decision to ban federal funding for new embryonic stem-cell lines. (newyorker.com)
In October, 2004, Connie Bruck reported on Proposition 71 in California , an ultimately successful ballot initiative authorizing the state to fund new embryonic stem-cell lines. (newyorker.com)
The early stages of embryogenesis are the point at which embryonic stem cell lines are derived. (slideshare.net)
Embryonic stem cell lines derived from human blastocysts. (google.es)
Clonally derived human embryonic stem cell lines maintain pluripotency and proliferative potential for prolonged periods of culture. (google.es)

Here we show that the p63 transcription factor, a p53 homologue essential for regenerative proliferation in epithelial development, distinguishes human keratinocyte stem cells from their TA progeny. (pnas.org)
Most of the salutary effects of cell therapy have been attributed to these few surviving cells and recent efforts have focused on boosting the survival, proliferation, and cardiac commitment of the donated stem cell population. (hindawi.com)
However, their regulatory effects on immune cells, especially regulatory dendritic cells, are not fully understood.We have identified a novel Sca-1 + Lin - CD117 - MSC population isolated from mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) that suppressed lymphocyte proliferation in vitro. (mendeley.com)
All oogonial stem cells in C. elegans are derived from one distal-tip cell (DTC), which acts as a niche to ensure that germline proliferation continues. (wikipedia.org)

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are thought to play an important role in tumor recurrence and drug resistance, and present a major challenge in cancer therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
Most cancers contain a subpopulation of highly tumorigenic cells, known as cancer stem cells (CSCs) or tumor-initiating cells (TICs). (biomedcentral.com)
The initiation and progression of malignant tumors is driven by distinct subsets of tumor-initiating or cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) which develop therapy/apoptosis resistance and self-renewal capacity. (biomedcentral.com)
Glioblastoma multiforme, the most common type of primary brain tumor in adults, is driven by cells with neural stem (NS) cell characteristics. (biomedcentral.com)
Most cancers contain tumor cells that display stem cell-like characteristics. (nih.gov)
Most likely, tumor cells that display stem cell-like characteristics can undergo asymmetric cell division giving rise to tumor cells that trigger angiogenic programs. (nih.gov)
Cancer stem cells", also known as tumor-initiating cells (TIC), appear to cause relapses after radiation and chemotherapy because a single surviving TIC can cause a new tumor to grow. (eurekalert.org)
Healthy cells and "ordinary" tumor cells were not marked. (eurekalert.org)
The Program postulates that self-renewal is a critical function of both cancer stem cells and their normal counterparts and that self-renewal pathways may be co-opted in the process of oncogenesis to support tumor growth. (stanford.edu)
Since tumor cells also exhibit self-renewal capacity, it seems plausible that their regulation is similar to that of the stem cells. (nih.gov)
Existence of tumor stem cells was suggested since it is simpler to retain the self-renewal capacity than to reactivate the immortality program in an already differentiated cell. (nih.gov)
If tumor stem cells exist, they would be the main target for therapy: only these must be killed since the other tumor cells possess limited proliferative capacity, therefore limited life span. (nih.gov)
The only problem is that during tumor progression stem-like cells can develop continuously and the identification but mainly the prevention of their formation is still a great challenge. (nih.gov)
A growing body of evidence suggests that many types of cancer, including breast cancer, may be driven by a small subset of tumor-initiating cells or cancer stem cells that exhibit stem cell-like properties. (medpagetoday.com)
These studies indicate that HER2 signaling regulates the mammary stem-progenitor cell population driving carcinogenesis and tumor invasion," the authors concluded. (medpagetoday.com)
The undifferentiated character of brain tumor cells and recent reports of cancer stem cells prompt questions regarding the involvement of normal stem/progenitor cells in brain tumor biology, their potential contribution to the tumor itself, and whether they are the cause or the consequence of tumor initiation and progression. (nih.gov)
The cancer stem cell model proposes a clonally derived brain tumor arising from a cancer stem cell. (nih.gov)
This tumor cell-of-origin originates from a stem/progenitor or more differentiated cell via acquisition of oncogenic mutations that dysregulate or allow reacquisition of self-renewal mechanisms. (nih.gov)
In addition, these tumors recruit normal CNS stem and progenitor cells to the tumor mass leading to the possibility of a heterogeneous and polyclonal cell population. (nih.gov)
These cells are responsible for tumor relapse, metastasis, and chemoresistance. (jci.org)
thus, CSCs are also known as tumor-initiating cells or tumor-propagating cells. (jci.org)

The HERV driven network partially explains differences in mouse and human stem cells. (nature.com)
The significant differences between mouse and human stem cells were mentioned by several of the speakers throughout the conference. (nature.com)
In a bid to find a compound that might slow MSC ageing, the team tested numerous molecules known to target prion proteins on dishes of human stem cells. (newscientist.com)
For instance, multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells are stress-tolerant adult human stem cells that can self-renew. (wikiversity.org)
A colony of blood-derived human stem cells (center). (newswise.com)

A lot of what we know about the regenerative attributes of progenitor cells comes from the great resources of development biology and embryology. (google.com)
Although there are many unanswered questions, the study of autophagy and stem cell biology can help us to progress in life sciences. (springer.com)
Huck Hui Ng gave the first talk, on his work investigating the systems biology of stem cells. (nature.com)
In a second talk at the meeting, stem cell researcher Masayo Takahashi of the RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology in Kobe reported on progress in her group's preclinical work targeting wet-type age-related macular degeneration (AMD). (freerepublic.com)
Give student teams some colored clays and pictures of stem, nerve, muscle, blood, and skin cells (from a biology book or the Web). (pbs.org)
This activity works well in conjunction with cell model-building activities that are often part of the biology curriculum. (pbs.org)
Exploiting tools from synthetic biology, we found we could re-code the program that stem cells use to orchestrate their response to inflammation," said Jonathan Brunger, PhD, the paper's first author and a postdoctoral fellow in cellular and molecular pharmacology at the University of California, San Francisco. (scienceblog.com)

This breakthrough and the subsequent generation of specialized human cells in vitro led to a paradigm shift within the sci- ti?c community, which transformed this specialized endeavour from a topic of scienti?c interest to a line of investigation with the potential to generate cells - pable of treating serious ailments, including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative disorders. (springer.com)
This means they can generate various cell types from the originating organ or even regenerate the original organ, entirely. (medicalnewstoday.com)
However, one advantage of EG cells is that they do not appear to generate tumours when transferred into the body, as embryonic stem cells do. (slideshare.net)
However, laboratories worldwide attempting to generate laboratory derived blood cells, find these cells do not perform as well as blood cells from donor sources. (eurekalert.org)
They say that these conditions are usually applied to generate particular cell identities from stem cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)
We modified an established approach to generate so-called neuroectoderm, a cell layer from which the nervous system derives. (medicalnewstoday.com)
A variety of nontumorigenic stem cells display the ability to generate multiple cell types. (wikiversity.org)
How- ever, similar to embryonic stem cells, these cells generate teratomas when transplanted into immunodeﬁcient mice bringing into question their potential clinical application. (slideshare.net)
Stem cell cultures grown in the laboratory may be used to generate specialized, differentiated cells. (bioedonline.org)

For the medical therapy, see Stem cell therapy . (wikipedia.org)
Targeting programmed cell death using small-molecule compounds to improve potential cancer therapy. (springer.com)
It is widely believed that targeting the tumour-initiating cancer stem cell (CSC) component of malignancy has great therapeutic potential, particularly in therapy-resistant disease. (biomedcentral.com)
Stem-cell therapy is the use of stem cells to treat or prevent a disease or condition. (wikipedia.org)
this is the only form of stem-cell therapy that is widely practiced. (wikipedia.org)
Another stem-cell therapy called Prochymal , was conditionally approved in Canada in 2012 for the management of acute graft-vs-host disease in children who are unresponsive to steroids. (wikipedia.org)
The identification of p63 as a keratinocyte stem cell marker will be of practical importance for the clinical application of epithelial cultures in cell therapy as well as for studies on epithelial tumorigenesis. (pnas.org)
Secret to safer stem cell therapy or cure for cancer? (scienceblogs.com)
The final talk in this session was from Ralf Huss, about using stem cells as drug delivery tools in cancer therapy, due to their propensity to home in on the tumour. (nature.com)
Homing and migration of the adoptively transferred stem cells are another important determinant for the success of cell therapy. (hindawi.com)
A big problem with using MSCs for therapy is that you need to inject millions of cells, but it's difficult to get millions in a dish," says James Adjaye of the Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics in Berlin, Germany. (newscientist.com)
Peripheral Blood Progenitor Cells (PBPCs) are another type of cell therapy product that contains HPCs. (aabb.org)
Tsukamoto says that if the therapy proves efficacious it could lead to neural stem cell treatments for multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, and Alzheimer's disease. (freerepublic.com)
A Costa Rican stem-cell therapy center is shut down because it failed to follow standard medical bioethical procedures, despite promising results. (wsj.com)
Fans of cell therapy company Stamina say the head doctor's radical therapy is saving lives-but Italian prosecutors say the company is preying on the desperate and the terminally ill. (thedailybeast.com)
They were listed as nonprofit cell therapy groups even though they charged patients up to $50,000 to harvest, manipulate and reinfuse stem cells and up to $12,000 to store them, according to a blistering 69-page court document filed in court last week by Turin prosecutor Raffaele Guariniello and obtained by The Daily Beast. (thedailybeast.com)
Given discoveries about these cells in culture, 'we have to ensure that when one takes on gene-replacement therapy in the context of iPS cells, very considerable effort is made to make sure the cells are normal', he says. (scientificamerican.com)
If the work can be replicated in animals and then developed into a clinical therapy, the engineered cells or cartilage grown from stem cells would respond to inflammation by releasing a biologic drug - the TNF-alpha inhibitor - that would protect the synthetic cartilage cells that Guilak's team created and the natural cartilage cells in specific joints. (scienceblog.com)
When these cells see TNF-alpha, they rapidly activate a therapy that reduces inflammation," Guilak explained. (scienceblog.com)
USRM and its affiliates have vowed to defend the rights of its clients and the practice of regenerative stem cell therapy and its applications. (prnewswire.com)
U.S. Stem Cell, Inc. is a leader in the regenerative medicine / cellular therapy industry specializing in physician training and certification and stem cell products including its lead product Adipocell TM , as well as veterinary stem cell training and stem cell banking and creation and management of stem cell clinics. (prnewswire.com)
Scientific advances coupled with consumer demand have proven that stem cell therapy is the wave of the future, and is poised to change the face of medicine. (amazon.co.uk)
The only hurdles have been religious and regulatory roadblocks slowing down the approval process for fetal stem cell therapy. (amazon.co.uk)
The report, published online in the medical journal The Lancet, is the first to describe the effect on patients of a therapy involving human embryonic stem cells. (nytimes.com)
They come from the second clinical trial involving the stem cells, using a therapy developed by Advanced Cell Technology to treat macular degeneration, a leading cause of blindness. (nytimes.com)
Cell therapy has emerged as an experimental treatment, reaching clinical trials over the last 3 decades for a number of aging-related disorders. (frontiersin.org)
One bottleneck is efficient delivery of RCas9 to patient cells, as the non-infectious adeno-associated viruses that are commonly used in gene therapy are typically too small to hold Cas9 to target DNA. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
In addition, our findings suggest that cell biomechanics can be leveraged to improve current mobilization regimens for stem cell-based therapy. (eurekalert.org)
Haematopoietic stem cells are attractive targets for gene therapy. (springer.com)
The 2-year-old dog will undergo two surgeries for her broken legs and start a stem cell therapy to improve her spinal damages. (ocregister.com)
Dr. Hampel is hopefull that the stem cell therapy will help regenerate stem cells and cause an reduction of swelling around her spine. (ocregister.com)

HPCs are used in the treatment of many malignant (e.g., leukemia, lymphoma) and non-malignant (e.g., sickle cell disease) diseases to replace or rebuild a patient's hematopoietic system. (aabb.org)
Her group's proposed strategy is to surgically remove the problematic blood vessels and replace the damaged RPE cells with new RPE cells derived from a patient's own cells. (freerepublic.com)
Since the iPS approach uses the patient's own cells, they avoid the need for immunosuppressive drugs. (freerepublic.com)
These iPS cells come from healthy donors and are expected to develop into dopamine-producing brain cells that have been damaged in the patient's own brain. (news-medical.net)
Autologous stem cell treatments are possible because of stem cells harvested from the patient's own fat. (prnewswire.com)
Adipocell TM is USRM's proprietary, stem cell kit that enables physicians to separate potent stem cells from a patient's own fat cells, which are harvested and reinserted in a two-hour procedure that is generally minimally invasive and does not require general anesthesia. (prnewswire.com)

Cell stress regulation driving resident progenitor cell function: a potential pan-stem cell mechanism? (constantcontact.com)
"HER2 regulates the mammary stem/progenitor cell population driving tumorigenesis and invasion" Oncogene . (medpagetoday.com)
Also searched for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease , Progenitor Cell , Process and more. (clinicaltrials.gov)

Vimentin is more concentrated in epithelial cells when they transform into mesenchymal cells. (eurekalert.org)
For example, differentiated airway epithelial cells can revert into stable and functional stem cells in vivo after the ablation of airway [24] . (wikiversity.org)
Some secreted factors protect epithelial cells from damage caused by bacterial toxins, and others proved to be antimicrobial peptides that play a role in killing bacteria. (eurekalert.org)
Epithelial cells, which make up the nephron in the kidney, filter waste products. (bioedonline.org)
These epithelial cells must be able to retain nutrients and materials needed by the body and return them to circulation, while leaving wastes, toxins, and excess water to be excreted. (bioedonline.org)

Rare subset of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells control white blood cell production after a myocardial infarction. (constantcontact.com)

11. The aptamer according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the cell is in vivo or in vitro. (freepatentsonline.com)

This entry was posted in Clinical Trials & Studies , Editorial-AJOB , Featured Posts , Health Regulation & Law , Stem Cells . (bioethics.net)
To management's knowledge, USRM has completed more clinical treatments than any other stem cell company in the world in the past 20 years. (prnewswire.com)
Furthermore, the clinical efficacy of trastuzumab may relate to its ability to target the cancer stem cell population in HER2-amplified tumors. (medpagetoday.com)
The paper comes two months after the Geron Corporation cast a pall over the field by abruptly halting the world's first clinical trial based on embryonic stem cells - one aimed at treating spinal cord injury. (nytimes.com)

This self-renewal demands control of cell cycle as well as upkeep of multipotency or pluripotency, which all depends on the stem cell. (wikipedia.org)
Self-renewal: the ability to go through numerous cycles of cell division while maintaining the undifferentiated state. (slideshare.net)
Cancers frequently arise as the consequence of changes in cells' self-renewal pathways. (stanford.edu)

78:7634-7638, 1981) or from fetal germ cells (Matsui, et al. (google.es)
Also, at first I thought, 'are women going to be getting abortions on purpose to provide more fetal stem cells? (amazon.co.uk)

Early reports suggested that adult stem cells had a higher plasticity than previously believed, perhaps even comparable with that demonstrated by embryonic stem cells, but several observations of the so-called transdifferentiation capacity and plasticity of adult stem cells have not been repeated. (springer.com)

ATCC has developed complete cell culture solutions to support human MSCs and iPS cells in the collection. (atcc.org)
Suppression of immune response by mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) is well documented. (mendeley.com)

Other treatments, including administering and infusing manipulated stem cells back into patients, were allegedly conducted in the back room of a beauty salon in San Marino, a tiny city-state within Italy's borders, according to the complaint. (thedailybeast.com)

Homeobox genes are master regulators of cell fate during embryonic development and their expression is altered in cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
The team found that certain genes were expressed at much higher levels in the teratomas formed by iPS cells than in those formed by embryonic stem cells. (technologyreview.com)
Ken Zaret talked about the initiation of cell reprogramming, specifically his efforts to identify "Pioneer factors", these bind to target genes that will turn on later. (nature.com)
To get these genes into the cells, they have had to use retroviruses, which integrate their own genetic material into the cells they infect. (reuters.com)
reports that the protein Nanog acts as a switch, turning on a host of genes which are responsible for stem cell's much-touted special properties of renewal and repair. (theregister.co.uk)
One of the seminal achievements of mammalian embryology of the last decade is the routine insertion of specific genes into the mouse genome through the use of mouse ES cells. (google.es)
However, viruses used in this way can mutate genes and initiate cancers in newly transformed cells. (newswise.com)
To insert the genes without using a virus, Zambidis' team uses plasmids, rings of DNA that replicate briefly inside cells and then degrade. (newswise.com)
For the new study, the Johns Hopkins team took cord blood cells, treated them with growth factors, and used plasmids to transfer four genes into them. (newswise.com)

Stem cells can also be taken from umbilical cord blood just after birth. (wikipedia.org)
The FDA has approved five hematopoietic stem-cell products derived from umbilical cord blood, for the treatment of blood and immunological diseases. (wikipedia.org)
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the human umbilical cord feeder cells consist of 100% human umbilical cord fibroblast feeder cells. (google.es)
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the human umbilical cord feeder cells consists essentially of the human umbilical cord fibroblast feeder cells. (google.es)
However, according to the Texas Cord Blood bank, more than 8,000 people have received umbilical cord stem cell transplants. (divshare.com)
One umbilical cord from a single birth provides up to one million stem cells (Greear, 2003). (divshare.com)

Cues from the niche also restrict unnecessary stem-cell divisions, presumably both to prevent stem-cell exhaustion (in which stem cells lose the ability to regenerate cell lineages) and to minimize the number of genetic mutations that arise during DNA replication, maintaining the fidelity of the genome. (nature.com)
Mice lacking the prion protein were less able to regenerate blood cells. (newscientist.com)
This capacity to regenerate does not decline with age and may be linked to their ability to make new stem cells from muscle cells on demand. (wikiversity.org)
As people age, their intestinal stem cells begin to lose their ability to regenerate. (scienceblog.com)
The hope is the stem cells will create new healthy cells, regenerate existing ones and reduce inflammation at the affected site, Norton said. (ocregister.com)

Large Pore Ion and Metabolite-Permeable Channel Regulation of Postnatal Ventricular Zone Neural Stem and Progenitor Cells: Interplay between Aquaporins, Connexins, and Pannexins? (hindawi.com)
Cells are blue, neural stem cells are red, and neurons are green. (medicalnewstoday.com)
In experiments, myelin produced by injected human neural stem cells (green) formed protective sleeves around the nerve fibers in mouse brains (red). (freerepublic.com)
StemCells Inc. of Newark, California, reported encouraging results of an initial human trial using human neural stem cells to treat Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD). (freerepublic.com)
When neural stem stems were injected into in mice, they showed 'robust engraftment and migration, the formation of new myelin,' Tsukamoto said. (freerepublic.com)

Most of the iPS cells, by contrast, were not able to form teratomas, or made teratomas that were attacked or rejected by the immune systems of the host mice. (technologyreview.com)
The team then injected treated cells into the thigh bones of mice, and three days later found that they had produced three times as many new cells as they would normally produce. (newscientist.com)
Injections of the cells into mice triggered no tumors, she also reported, and the cells survived for more than 6 months when transplanted into monkeys. (freerepublic.com)
Now, Yang Xu and colleagues from UC San Diego show how mice have rejected their transplanted iPS cells. (zdnet.com)
In fasting mice, cells begin breaking down fatty acids instead of glucose, a change that stimulates the stem cells to become more regenerative. (scienceblog.com)
Further studies, including sequencing the messenger RNA of stem cells from the mice that fasted, revealed that fasting induces cells to switch from their usual metabolism, which burns carbohydrates such as sugars, to metabolizing fatty acids. (scienceblog.com)
Blood stem cells from mutant mice could more easily squeeze through narrow pores. (eurekalert.org)
In addition, they showed that treating normal mice with blebbistatin, which interferes with parts of a cell's internal skeleton, also results in mobilization of stem cells into the blood. (eurekalert.org)
Obokata is now continuing her experiments to see if the technique will also work with cells from adult mice (she previously used newborns) as well as humans. (care2.com)

Skeletal muscle has remarkable regeneration capabilities, mainly due to its resident muscle stem cells (MuSCs). (nature.com)
The last ten years however has seen an explosion of cell based therapeutic approaches stimulating cardiac regeneration and in the process augmenting function in the heart following injury. (hindawi.com)
Nevertheless, the search continues for the optimal cell type that can promote "true cardiac regeneration," supplement the lost cardiomyocytes, and at the same time form the angiogenic support structure. (hindawi.com)
For example: transformation of iris cells to lens cells in the process of maturation and transformation of w:retinal pigment epithelium cells into the neural retina during regeneration in adult w:newt eyes. (wikiversity.org)
Understanding how fasting improves overall health, including the role of adult stem cells in intestinal regeneration, in repair, and in aging, is a fundamental interest of my laboratory. (scienceblog.com)
This symposium will bring together experts of the auditory system and hair cell regeneration to give an overview of the recent advancements in the field, identify knowledge gaps, and outline future directions towards a cure for age-related hearing loss. (nyas.org)
One example is the transformation of iris cells to lens cells in the process of maturation and transformation of retinal pigment epithelium cells into the neural retina during regeneration in adult newt eyes. (wikipedia.org)

Transmission electron micrograph of an adult stem cell displaying typical ultrastructural characteristics. (wikipedia.org)
He talked about the different characteristics of "elderly" stem cells. (nature.com)
Cells with stem-cell characteristics appear to be especially important in the formation and metastasis of tumors. (eurekalert.org)
Stem cells possess two basic characteristics: they are able to renew themselves and to develop into different cell types. (nih.gov)
Qu approached Wilbur Lam and Todd Sulchek, biomedical engineers who are experts on studying the mechanical characteristics of cells. (eurekalert.org)

It will also provide managers with insights into the intricacies of cell culture and the necessary laboratory infrastructure requirements. (ucl.ac.uk)
ES cell cultures have been grown for more than two years in the laboratory as immortal cell lines, but embryonic germ cellcultures can only survive about 70 to 80 cell divisions. (slideshare.net)
This was a laboratory study that aimed to produce embryonic stem cells from adult skin cells. (www.nhs.uk)
The average pay for a Stem Cell Laboratory Supervisor is $33.50 per hour. (payscale.com)
The average pay for a Stem Cell Laboratory Supervisor is $85,000 per year. (payscale.com)
In 1998, James Thomson at the University of Wisconsin-Madison was the first scientist to keep human embryonic stem cells alive in the laboratory. (bioedonline.org)
In this proof-of-concept study, Yeo's team used RCas9 to eliminate the problem-causing RNAs associated with microsatellite repeat expansion diseases in patient-derived cells and cellular models of the diseases in the laboratory. (drugdiscoverynews.com)

The presented conceptual advances in the MuSC field impact on our general understanding of stem cells and their therapeutic use in regenerative medicine. (nature.com)
These cells must be eliminated to achieve a complete therapeutic response. (stanford.edu)
In order to broaden the array of tools for therapeutic application, we iso- lated a new population of cells from adult human testis termed gonadal stem cells (GSCs). (slideshare.net)
Introduction The search for an ideal stem cell population for therapeutic pur- poses has been a challenge for years and remains elusive. (slideshare.net)
ANN ARBOR, Mich., July 14 -- Malignant stem cells appear to fuel the growth and spread of aggressive HER2-positive breast cancer, suggesting clues for new therapeutic strategies, investigators here reported. (medpagetoday.com)
The advent of stem cells has provided a key scientific tool and a potent therapeutic agent for understanding the pathology and the treatment of central nervous system disorders. (frontiersin.org)
In parallel, the stemness property of these cells has ushered cell-based regenerative medicine, demonstrating their therapeutic capacity to replace dead or dying cells, as well as affording by-stander effects such as secretion of neurotrophic, neurogenic, angiogenic, vasculogenic, and anti-inflammatory factors. (frontiersin.org)
Other themes of interest include exploring both stem cell tools and therapeutic applications in each of the 4 aging neurological disorders listed above. (frontiersin.org)

34. An editorial by Guest Editor Stuart Orkin introduces this new series of articles, highlighting progress in genomic-scale studies of stem cells and cellular reprogramming that could impact medicine. (biomedcentral.com)

SCNT involves taking donated egg cells from women and removing their genetic material. (www.nhs.uk)
SCNT involved taking the nucleus (the part of a cell containing most of the genetic information) from a person's skin cells, inserting its cells into a donor's unfertilised egg cell that had its nucleus removed. (www.nhs.uk)
Another recent study, for example, showed that iPS cells seem to have more genetic abnormalities than embryonic stem cells. (technologyreview.com)
Shinya Yamanaka of Kyoto University in Japan and colleagues invented a new way to transform ordinary cells into embryonic-like stem cells called iPS cells, using a ring of genetic material called a plasmid. (reuters.com)
The genetic correction doesn't increase the number of genetic anomalies that you can find in iPS cells,' says Ludovic Vallier, a stem-cell biologist at the University of Cambridge, UK, and one of the study's co-authors. (scientificamerican.com)
The kind of cell division that produces two diploid cells-cells with the same genetic information (i.e., number of chromosomes) as the parent cell. (pbs.org)
Although these cells have a similar genetic makeup and outward appearance compared to their siblings, their higher fitness enabled them to produce more progeny, that is, clone themselves with greater frequency. (utoronto.ca)
This book provides a unique and comprehensive resource of protocols for the genetic modification of various hematopoietic cell types and up-to-date procedures for molecular and systemic monitoring. (springer.com)

To this end, a "probe" that marks these cancer stem cells would be useful so that they become visible. (eurekalert.org)
Although there are markers that also recognize TICs associated with some types of cancer, no universal, selective probe for cancer stem cells has been found. (eurekalert.org)
Breast cancer cells that overexpressed HER2 had four to five times as many cancer stem cells compared with HER2-negative breast cancer cells, Hasan Korkaya, Ph.D., of the University of Michigan, and colleagues reported online in Oncogene . (medpagetoday.com)
The experiments showed that HER2 exerts its effects on breast cancer via the cancer stem cells. (medpagetoday.com)
Several hepatic stem/progenitor markers are useful for isolating a subset of liver cells with stem cell features, known as cancer stem cells (CSCs). (jci.org)

Of all stem cell types, autologous harvesting involves the least risk. (wikipedia.org)
Two traits uniquely characterize embryonic stem cells: the ability to develop into many different cell types in the body, and a limitless ability to divide and replenish. (wired.com)
So-called adult stem cells are multipotent because they can develop into several different types of cells, but not as many as embryonic stem cells. (wired.com)
First, cells must be coaxed into becoming the desired cell types. (wired.com)
Stem cells have the remarkable potential to develop into many different cell types in the body during early life and growth. (news-medical.net)
40. Arthur Lander reflects on how current assumptions that stem cells divide asymmetrically and are programmed to produce the right differentiated cell types at the right times may fail to acknowledge a fundamental contribution of stem cell individuality. (biomedcentral.com)
In other words, they can develop into each of the more than 200 cell types of the adult body when given sufficient and necessary stimulation for a specific cell type. (slideshare.net)
Feeder layers are used to support the growth of a variety of fastidious cell types including stem cells. (atcc.org)
When transplanted, the embryonic stem cells gave rise to teratomas - tumours containing a chaotic jumble of cell types, which are used as a signifier of a cell's pluripotency. (technologyreview.com)
Several people showed the classic Waddington depiction of the epigenetic landscape and explained the need to define where in the landscape the various cell types present during human development lie, plus the different varieties of artificially engineered stem cells. (nature.com)
Many early lineage cell types can be grown, and the human ESC are all quite different. (nature.com)
Some types of mature, specialized adult cells can naturally revert to stem cells. (wikiversity.org)
Thus, it is imper- ative to investigate the use of several different cell types for ther- apeutic applications to address the speciﬁc disease condition in the most appropriate way. (slideshare.net)
Remind students that all the cell types arose from stem cells. (pbs.org)
Intestinal stem cells are the workhorses of the intestine that give rise to more stem cells and to all of the various differentiated cell types of the intestine. (scienceblog.com)
For example, a hematopoietic stem cell may give rise to any of the different types of terminally differentiated blood cells. (google.es)
The regenerative procedures at R3 Stem Cell have been very effective for all types of arthritis, neuropathy, organ failure, autoimmune syndromes, diabetes, stroke and dementia. (prweb.com)
There are a number of cell types present within the acinar or alveolar structures in the human. (yahoo.com)
In a new study, published Aug. 10 in Cell , the team took RCas9 a step further, using the technique to correct molecular mistakes that lead to microsatellite repeat expansion diseases, which include myotonic dystrophy types 1 and 2, the most common form of hereditary amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Huntington's disease. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
In ongoing studies, Zambidis and colleagues are testing the quality of the newly formed iPS cells and their ability to convert to other cell types, as compared with iPS cells made by other methods. (newswise.com)

Other signal transduction pathways in stem cell regulation may also play certain roles in carcinogenesis: e.g. (nih.gov)
Moreover, stem cells live much longer than the differentiated ones, and so they are exposed for a long period of time to impairments, collecting gene errors leading to the breakdown of the regulation. (nih.gov)

ATCC iPS cells are tested for pluripotency, karyotype, growth potential and sample purity. (atcc.org)
Several proteins have been identified that are capable of inducing or enhancing pluripotency in nonpluripotent (i.e., adult) cells. (britannica.com)
Pluripotency factors can be introduced into nonpluripotent cells in different ways, such as by plasmids or delivery as proteins or modified RNAs . (britannica.com)
Skin cells, however, take a few weeks to be cultured into pluripotency-a process that also often requires exposing the cells to mouse stem cells, called feeder cells, to nourish and guide the transformation. (scientificamerican.com)

utilized adipose derived stem cells to show that curcumin, a naturally occurring food chemical, can promote angiogenic and survival ability of the cells augmenting their potential for the repair of ischemia reperfusion injury to the heart. (hindawi.com)
The team of cardiologists and plastic surgeons found adipose fat cells to be much more efficient than skin cells at turning back into stem cells. (scientificamerican.com)
Indeed, they were: According to the team's findings, adipose stem cells can be turned into iPS cells twice as quickly as fibroblast skin cells and with 20 times the efficiency. (scientificamerican.com)
Last month, Dr. Comella and her team were the first in the world to publish in-human results in the scientific literature about adipose-derived, autologous stem cells for the treatment of psoriasis - a chronic, painful skin condition that affects more than 7 million Americans every year. (prnewswire.com)

In one instance in the complaint, Guariniello contends that stem cells were harvested from terminally ill children in the unsterilized basement of a residential house in Turin because the procedure could not be done legally (or ethically) in a hospital. (thedailybeast.com)

The blastocyst contains stem cells and will later implant in the womb. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Embryonic stem cells come from a blastocyst that is 4-5 days old. (medicalnewstoday.com)

A population of keratinocyte stem cells in defined locations governs the renewal of mammalian stratified epithelia ( 1 - 3 ). (pnas.org)
The existence of niches has long been predicted from mammalian studies, but identifying stem. (biomedcentral.com)
As described today in two papers ( 1 , 2 ) published in the journal Nature , mammalian cells can be exposed to very low levels of acid and a few other factors. (care2.com)
This study challenged previously expected notions, as it contradicted the central dogma of oogenesis, and has thus led to a rapid increase in the amount of researching being conducted to suggest whether there does indeed exist oocyte stem cells in the mammalian ovary. (wikipedia.org)

By definition, autologous cells are obtained from one's own body, just as one may bank his or her own blood for elective surgical procedures. (wikipedia.org)
Dr. Comella is frequently published in the scientific literature on the practical application of autologous stem cells for regenerative medicine. (prnewswire.com)

What's the difference between adult and embryonic stem cells? (wired.com)

Anatomy55

Organisms16

Diseases13

Chemicals and Drugs69

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment53

Phenomena and Processes49

Disciplines and Occupations3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture4

Humanities1

Information Science1

Named Groups1

Health Care2

Geographicals1

Inhibition of in vitro enteric neuronal development by endothelin-3: mediation by endothelin B receptors. (1/16085)

A Wnt5a pathway underlies outgrowth of multiple structures in the vertebrate embryo. (2/16085)

Retinoids are produced by glia in the lateral ganglionic eminence and regulate striatal neuron differentiation. (3/16085)

Deletion analysis of the Drosophila Inscuteable protein reveals domains for cortical localization and asymmetric localization. (4/16085)

JunB is essential for mammalian placentation. (5/16085)

Cloning of a novel gene specifically expressed in clonal mouse chondroprogenitor-like EC cells, ATDC5. (6/16085)

Reciprocal control of T helper cell and dendritic cell differentiation. (7/16085)

Endothelial cells modulate the proliferation of mural cell precursors via platelet-derived growth factor-BB and heterotypic cell contact. (8/16085)

Stem Cells

Hematopoietic Stem Cells

Stem Cell Transplantation

Embryonic Stem Cells

Adult Stem Cells

Pluripotent Stem Cells

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Stem Cell Niche

Neural Stem Cells

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Cell Differentiation

Multipotent Stem Cells

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation

Stem Cell Factor

Mesenchymal Stromal Cells

Cell Lineage

Stem Cell Research

Plant Stems

Fetal Stem Cells

Cell Proliferation

Cells, Cultured

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization

Neoplastic Stem Cells

Bone Marrow Cells

Regeneration

Octamer Transcription Factor-3

Cell Culture Techniques

Regenerative Medicine

Cell Separation

Transplantation, Autologous

Hematopoiesis

Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation

Totipotent Stem Cells

Antigens, CD34

Transplantation, Homologous

Flow Cytometry

Mice, Inbred C57BL

Embryo, Mammalian

SOXB1 Transcription Factors

Spermatogonia

Signal Transduction

Colony-Forming Units Assay

Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy

Mice, SCID

Tissue Engineering

Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit

Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation

Nestin

Cell Line

Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Gene Expression Profiling

Germ Cells

Homeodomain Proteins

Hair Follicle

Brain Stem

Embryo Research

Phenotype

Cell Survival

Biological Markers

Coculture Techniques

Mice, Transgenic

Bone Marrow Transplantation

Neurons

Cell Division

Cell Dedifferentiation

Models, Biological

Fetal Blood

Immunohistochemistry

Transcription Factors

Green Fluorescent Proteins

Transplantation Conditioning

Bone Marrow

Teratoma

Antigens, CD

Gene Expression Regulation

Embryoid Bodies

Nuclear Reprogramming

Spheroids, Cellular

Cell Transplantation