Stem cell factor. Medical search

A hematopoietic growth factor and the ligand of the cell surface c-kit protein (PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEINS C-KIT). It is expressed during embryogenesis and is a growth factor for a number of cell types including the MAST CELLS and the MELANOCYTES in addition to the HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS.

Relatively undifferentiated cells that retain the ability to divide and proliferate throughout postnatal life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells.

A protein-tyrosine kinase receptor that is specific for STEM CELL FACTOR. This interaction is crucial for the development of hematopoietic, gonadal, and pigment stem cells. Genetic mutations that disrupt the expression of PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEINS C-KIT are associated with PIEBALDISM, while overexpression or constitutive activation of the c-kit protein-tyrosine kinase is associated with tumorigenesis.

Progenitor cells from which all blood cells derive.

These growth factors comprise a family of hematopoietic regulators with biological specificities defined by their ability to support proliferation and differentiation of blood cells of different lineages. ERYTHROPOIETIN and the COLONY-STIMULATING FACTORS belong to this family. Some of these factors have been studied and used in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia, myelodysplastic syndromes, and bone marrow failure syndromes.

Cells derived from the BLASTOCYST INNER CELL MASS which forms before implantation in the uterine wall. They retain the ability to divide, proliferate and provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells.

The transfer of STEM CELLS from one individual to another within the same species (TRANSPLANTATION, HOMOLOGOUS) or between species (XENOTRANSPLANTATION), or transfer within the same individual (TRANSPLANTATION, AUTOLOGOUS). The source and location of the stem cells determines their potency or pluripotency to differentiate into various cell types.

Cells with high proliferative and self renewal capacities derived from adults.

Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.

Transfer of HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS from BONE MARROW or BLOOD between individuals within the same species (TRANSPLANTATION, HOMOLOGOUS) or transfer within the same individual (TRANSPLANTATION, AUTOLOGOUS). Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has been used as an alternative to BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION in the treatment of a variety of neoplasms.

Cells that can give rise to cells of the three different GERM LAYERS.

Glycoproteins found on immature hematopoietic cells and endothelial cells. They are the only molecules to date whose expression within the blood system is restricted to a small number of progenitor cells in the bone marrow.

A multilineage cell growth factor secreted by LYMPHOCYTES; EPITHELIAL CELLS; and ASTROCYTES which stimulates clonal proliferation and differentiation of various types of blood and tissue cells.

Cells contained in the bone marrow including fat cells (see ADIPOCYTES); STROMAL CELLS; MEGAKARYOCYTES; and the immediate precursors of most blood cells.

Granulated cells that are found in almost all tissues, most abundantly in the skin and the gastrointestinal tract. Like the BASOPHILS, mast cells contain large amounts of HISTAMINE and HEPARIN. Unlike basophils, mast cells normally remain in the tissues and do not circulate in the blood. Mast cells, derived from the bone marrow stem cells, are regulated by the STEM CELL FACTOR.

A particular zone of tissue composed of a specialized microenvironment where stem cells are retained in a undifferentiated, self-renewable state.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

Self-renewing cells that generate the main phenotypes of the nervous system in both the embryo and adult. Neural stem cells are precursors to both NEURONS and NEUROGLIA.

Cells from adult organisms that have been reprogrammed into a pluripotential state similar to that of EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS.

A cytologic technique for measuring the functional capacity of stem cells by assaying their activity.

Cell surface receptors for colony stimulating factors, local mediators, and hormones that regulate the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of hemopoietic cells.

The development and formation of various types of BLOOD CELLS. Hematopoiesis can take place in the BONE MARROW (medullary) or outside the bone marrow (HEMATOPOIESIS, EXTRAMEDULLARY).

The developmental history of specific differentiated cell types as traced back to the original STEM CELLS in the embryo.

Specialized stem cells that are committed to give rise to cells that have a particular function; examples are MYOBLASTS; MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS; and skin stem cells. (Stem Cells: A Primer [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institutes of Health (US); 2000 May [cited 2002 Apr 5]. Available from: http://www.nih.gov/news/stemcell/primer.htm)

Transfer of MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS between individuals within the same species (TRANSPLANTATION, HOMOLOGOUS) or transfer within the same individual (TRANSPLANTATION, AUTOLOGOUS).

The fission of a CELL. It includes CYTOKINESIS, when the CYTOPLASM of a cell is divided, and CELL NUCLEUS DIVISION.

A glycoprotein of MW 25 kDa containing internal disulfide bonds. It induces the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of neutrophilic granulocyte precursor cells and functionally activates mature blood neutrophils. Among the family of colony-stimulating factors, G-CSF is the most potent inducer of terminal differentiation to granulocytes and macrophages of leukemic myeloid cell lines.

A humoral factor that stimulates the production of thrombocytes (BLOOD PLATELETS). Thrombopoietin stimulates the proliferation of bone marrow MEGAKARYOCYTES and their release of blood platelets. The process is called THROMBOPOIESIS.

Bone-marrow-derived, non-hematopoietic cells that support HEMATOPOETIC STEM CELLS. They have also been isolated from other organs and tissues such as UMBILICAL CORD BLOOD, umbilical vein subendothelium, and WHARTON JELLY. These cells are considered to be a source of multipotent stem cells because they include subpopulations of mesenchymal stem cells.

The release of stem cells from the bone marrow into the peripheral blood circulation for the purpose of leukapheresis, prior to stem cell transplantation. Hematopoietic growth factors or chemotherapeutic agents often are used to stimulate the mobilization.

The cells in the erythroid series derived from MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS or from the bi-potential MEGAKARYOCYTE-ERYTHROID PROGENITOR CELLS which eventually give rise to mature RED BLOOD CELLS. The erythroid progenitor cells develop in two phases: erythroid burst-forming units (BFU-E) followed by erythroid colony-forming units (CFU-E); BFU-E differentiate into CFU-E on stimulation by ERYTHROPOIETIN, and then further differentiate into ERYTHROBLASTS when stimulated by other factors.

Blood of the fetus. Exchange of nutrients and waste between the fetal and maternal blood occurs via the PLACENTA. The cord blood is blood contained in the umbilical vessels (UMBILICAL CORD) at the time of delivery.

All of the processes involved in increasing CELL NUMBER including CELL DIVISION.

Methods for maintaining or growing CELLS in vitro.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake.

The soft tissue filling the cavities of bones. Bone marrow exists in two types, yellow and red. Yellow marrow is found in the large cavities of large bones and consists mostly of fat cells and a few primitive blood cells. Red marrow is a hematopoietic tissue and is the site of production of erythrocytes and granular leukocytes. Bone marrow is made up of a framework of connective tissue containing branching fibers with the frame being filled with marrow cells.

Experimentation on STEM CELLS and on the use of stem cells.

Very large BONE MARROW CELLS which release mature BLOOD PLATELETS.

CULTURE MEDIA free of serum proteins but including the minimal essential substances required for cell growth. This type of medium avoids the presence of extraneous substances that may affect cell proliferation or unwanted activation of cells.

An acidic glycoprotein of MW 23 kDa with internal disulfide bonds. The protein is produced in response to a number of inflammatory mediators by mesenchymal cells present in the hemopoietic environment and at peripheral sites of inflammation. GM-CSF is able to stimulate the production of neutrophilic granulocytes, macrophages, and mixed granulocyte-macrophage colonies from bone marrow cells and can stimulate the formation of eosinophil colonies from fetal liver progenitor cells. GM-CSF can also stimulate some functional activities in mature granulocytes and macrophages.

Parts of plants that usually grow vertically upwards towards the light and support the leaves, buds, and reproductive structures. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)

A heterogenous group of disorders characterized by the abnormal increase of MAST CELLS in only the skin (MASTOCYTOSIS, CUTANEOUS), in extracutaneous tissues involving multiple organs (MASTOCYTOSIS, SYSTEMIC), or in solid tumors (MASTOCYTOMA).

Cells derived from a FETUS that retain the ability to divide, proliferate and provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells.

Highly proliferative, self-renewing, and colony-forming stem cells which give rise to NEOPLASMS.

Differentiation antigens residing on mammalian leukocytes. CD stands for cluster of differentiation, which refers to groups of monoclonal antibodies that show similar reactivity with certain subpopulations of antigens of a particular lineage or differentiation stage. The subpopulations of antigens are also known by the same CD designation.

Glycoprotein hormone, secreted chiefly by the KIDNEY in the adult and the LIVER in the FETUS, that acts on erythroid stem cells of the BONE MARROW to stimulate proliferation and differentiation.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

Mammalian pigment cells that produce MELANINS, pigments found mainly in the EPIDERMIS, but also in the eyes and the hair, by a process called melanogenesis. Coloration can be altered by the number of melanocytes or the amount of pigment produced and stored in the organelles called MELANOSOMES. The large non-mammalian melanin-containing cells are called MELANOPHORES.

A family of neutral serine proteases with CHYMOTRYPSIN-like activity. Chymases are primarily found in the SECRETORY GRANULES of MAST CELLS and are released during mast cell degranulation.

The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability.

Euploid male germ cells of an early stage of SPERMATOGENESIS, derived from prespermatogonia. With the onset of puberty, spermatogonia at the basement membrane of the seminiferous tubule proliferate by mitotic then meiotic divisions and give rise to the haploid SPERMATOCYTES.

An octamer transcription factor that is expressed primarily in totipotent embryonic STEM CELLS and GERM CELLS and is down-regulated during CELL DIFFERENTIATION.

A technique of culturing mixed cell types in vitro to allow their synergistic or antagonistic interactions, such as on CELL DIFFERENTIATION or APOPTOSIS. Coculture can be of different types of cells, tissues, or organs from normal or disease states.

A lymphohematopoietic cytokine that plays a role in regulating the proliferation of ERYTHROID PRECURSOR CELLS. It induces maturation of MEGAKARYOCYTES which results in increased production of BLOOD PLATELETS. Interleukin-11 was also initially described as an inhibitor of ADIPOGENESIS of cultured preadipocytes.

A family of neutral serine proteases with TRYPSIN-like activity. Tryptases are primarily found in the SECRETORY GRANULES of MAST CELLS and are released during mast cell degranulation.

Products of proto-oncogenes. Normally they do not have oncogenic or transforming properties, but are involved in the regulation or differentiation of cell growth. They often have protein kinase activity.

A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

The preparation of leukocyte concentrates with the return of red cells and leukocyte-poor plasma to the donor.

Mice homozygous for the mutant autosomal recessive gene "scid" which is located on the centromeric end of chromosome 16. These mice lack mature, functional lymphocytes and are thus highly susceptible to lethal opportunistic infections if not chronically treated with antibiotics. The lack of B- and T-cell immunity resembles severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) syndrome in human infants. SCID mice are useful as animal models since they are receptive to implantation of a human immune system producing SCID-human (SCID-hu) hematochimeric mice.

Transplantation of an individual's own tissue from one site to another site.

Connective tissue cells of an organ found in the loose connective tissue. These are most often associated with the uterine mucosa and the ovary as well as the hematopoietic system and elsewhere.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

A cellular transcriptional coactivator that was originally identified by its requirement for the stable assembly IMMEDIATE-EARLY PROTEINS of the HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS. It is a nuclear protein that is a transcriptional coactivator for a number of transcription factors including VP16 PROTEIN; GA-BINDING PROTEIN; EARLY GROWTH RESPONSE PROTEIN 2; and E2F4 TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR. It also interacts with and stabilizes HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS PROTEIN VMW65 and helps regulate GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION of IMMEDIATE-EARLY GENES in HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS.

The production of red blood cells (ERYTHROCYTES). In humans, erythrocytes are produced by the YOLK SAC in the first trimester; by the liver in the second trimester; by the BONE MARROW in the third trimester and after birth. In normal individuals, the erythrocyte count in the peripheral blood remains relatively constant implying a balance between the rate of erythrocyte production and rate of destruction.

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.

The physiological renewal, repair, or replacement of tissue.

A cytokine that stimulates the growth and differentiation of B-LYMPHOCYTES and is also a growth factor for HYBRIDOMAS and plasmacytomas. It is produced by many different cells including T-LYMPHOCYTES; MONOCYTES; and FIBROBLASTS.

The number of CELLS of a specific kind, usually measured per unit volume or area of sample.

The action of a drug in promoting or enhancing the effectiveness of another drug.

The entity of a developing mammal (MAMMALS), generally from the cleavage of a ZYGOTE to the end of embryonic differentiation of basic structures. For the human embryo, this represents the first two months of intrauterine development preceding the stages of the FETUS.

Leukocytes with abundant granules in the cytoplasm. They are divided into three groups according to the staining properties of the granules: neutrophilic, eosinophilic, and basophilic. Mature granulocytes are the NEUTROPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and BASOPHILS.

The transference of BONE MARROW from one human or animal to another for a variety of purposes including HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION or MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION.

Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.

A membrane-bound or cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of CYCLIC ADP-RIBOSE (cADPR) from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). This enzyme generally catalyzes the hydrolysis of cADPR to ADP-RIBOSE, as well, and sometimes the synthesis of cyclic ADP-ribose 2' phosphate (2'-P-cADPR) from NADP.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action during the developmental stages of an organism.

Culture media containing biologically active components obtained from previously cultured cells or tissues that have released into the media substances affecting certain cell functions (e.g., growth, lysis).

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

A field of medicine concerned with developing and using strategies aimed at repair or replacement of damaged, diseased, or metabolically deficient organs, tissues, and cells via TISSUE ENGINEERING; CELL TRANSPLANTATION; and ARTIFICIAL ORGANS and BIOARTIFICIAL ORGANS and tissues.

Process of classifying cells of the immune system based on structural and functional differences. The process is commonly used to analyze and sort T-lymphocytes into subsets based on CD antigens by the technique of flow cytometry.

The process of generating white blood cells (LEUKOCYTES) from the pluripotent HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS of the BONE MARROW. There are two significant pathways to generate various types of leukocytes: MYELOPOIESIS, in which leukocytes in the blood are derived from MYELOID STEM CELLS, and LYMPHOPOIESIS, in which leukocytes of the lymphatic system (LYMPHOCYTES) are generated from lymphoid stem cells.

Coloration of the skin.

One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA; (DNA FRAGMENTATION); at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.

The movement of cells from one location to another. Distinguish from CYTOKINESIS which is the process of dividing the CYTOPLASM of a cell.

A class of cellular receptors that have an intrinsic PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASE activity.

The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.

Transplantation of stem cells collected from the peripheral blood. It is a less invasive alternative to direct marrow harvesting of hematopoietic stem cells. Enrichment of stem cells in peripheral blood can be achieved by inducing mobilization of stem cells from the BONE MARROW.

Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.

The reproductive cells in multicellular organisms at various stages during GAMETOGENESIS.

A bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis and HYDROLYSIS of CYCLIC ADP-RIBOSE (cADPR) from NAD+ to ADP-RIBOSE. It is a cell surface molecule which is predominantly expressed on LYMPHOID CELLS and MYELOID CELLS.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Cell surface proteins that bind erythropoietin with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behavior of cells.

A group of genetically identical cells all descended from a single common ancestral cell by mitosis in eukaryotes or by binary fission in prokaryotes. Clone cells also include populations of recombinant DNA molecules all carrying the same inserted sequence. (From King & Stansfield, Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

Single cells that have the potential to form an entire organism. They have the capacity to specialize into extraembryonic membranes and tissues, the embryo, and all postembryonic tissues and organs. (Stem Cells: A Primer [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institutes of Health (US); 2000 May [cited 2002 Apr 5]. Available from: http://www.nih.gov/news/stemcell/primer.htm)

Proteins encoded by homeobox genes (GENES, HOMEOBOX) that exhibit structural similarity to certain prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA-binding proteins. Homeodomain proteins are involved in the control of gene expression during morphogenesis and development (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, DEVELOPMENTAL).

Transplantation between individuals of the same species. Usually refers to genetically disparate individuals in contradistinction to isogeneic transplantation for genetically identical individuals.

Family of RNA viruses that infects birds and mammals and encodes the enzyme reverse transcriptase. The family contains seven genera: DELTARETROVIRUS; LENTIVIRUS; RETROVIRUSES TYPE B, MAMMALIAN; ALPHARETROVIRUS; GAMMARETROVIRUS; RETROVIRUSES TYPE D; and SPUMAVIRUS. A key feature of retrovirus biology is the synthesis of a DNA copy of the genome which is integrated into cellular DNA. After integration it is sometimes not expressed but maintained in a latent state (PROVIRUSES).

An INTERLEUKIN-6 related cytokine that exhibits pleiotrophic effects on many physiological systems that involve cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Leukemia inhibitory factor binds to and acts through the lif receptor.

A tube-like invagination of the EPIDERMIS from which the hair shaft develops and into which SEBACEOUS GLANDS open. The hair follicle is lined by a cellular inner and outer root sheath of epidermal origin and is invested with a fibrous sheath derived from the dermis. (Stedman, 26th ed) Follicles of very long hairs extend into the subcutaneous layer of tissue under the SKIN.

Mice bearing mutant genes which are phenotypically expressed in the animals.

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

The cells found in the body fluid circulating throughout the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.

BENZOIC ACID amides.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

A multi-functional catenin that participates in CELL ADHESION and nuclear signaling. Beta catenin binds CADHERINS and helps link their cytoplasmic tails to the ACTIN in the CYTOSKELETON via ALPHA CATENIN. It also serves as a transcriptional co-activator and downstream component of WNT PROTEIN-mediated SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS.

The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

Protein analogs and derivatives of the Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein that emit light (FLUORESCENCE) when excited with ULTRAVIOLET RAYS. They are used in REPORTER GENES in doing GENETIC TECHNIQUES. Numerous mutants have been made to emit other colors or be sensitive to pH.

A subclass of SOX transcription factors that are expressed in neuronal tissue where they may play a role in the regulation of CELL DIFFERENTIATION. Members of this subclass are generally considered to be transcriptional activators.

Antigens expressed primarily on the membranes of living cells during sequential stages of maturation and differentiation. As immunologic markers they have high organ and tissue specificity and are useful as probes in studies of normal cell development as well as neoplastic transformation.

Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. If they can be established as a TUMOR CELL LINE, they can be propagated in cell culture indefinitely.

Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.

DNA molecules capable of autonomous replication within a host cell and into which other DNA sequences can be inserted and thus amplified. Many are derived from PLASMIDS; BACTERIOPHAGES; or VIRUSES. They are used for transporting foreign genes into recipient cells. Genetic vectors possess a functional replicator site and contain GENETIC MARKERS to facilitate their selective recognition.

The determination of the pattern of genes expressed at the level of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION, under specific circumstances or in a specific cell.

The transfer of bacterial DNA by phages from an infected bacterium to another bacterium. This also refers to the transfer of genes into eukaryotic cells by viruses. This naturally occurring process is routinely employed as a GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUE.

A strain of non-obese diabetic mice developed in Japan that has been widely studied as a model for T-cell-dependent autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in which insulitis is a major histopathologic feature, and in which genetic susceptibility is strongly MHC-linked.

Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.

A family of 6-membered heterocyclic compounds occurring in nature in a wide variety of forms. They include several nucleic acid constituents (CYTOSINE; THYMINE; and URACIL) and form the basic structure of the barbiturates.

A CXC chemokine that is chemotactic for T-LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES. It has specificity for CXCR4 RECEPTORS. Two isoforms of CXCL12 are produced by alternative mRNA splicing.

Transplantation between animals of different species.

A genus of the family RETROVIRIDAE consisting of non-oncogenic retroviruses that produce multi-organ diseases characterized by long incubation periods and persistent infection. Lentiviruses are unique in that they contain open reading frames (ORFs) between the pol and env genes and in the 3' env region. Five serogroups are recognized, reflecting the mammalian hosts with which they are associated. HIV-1 is the type species.

The complex series of phenomena, occurring between the end of one CELL DIVISION and the end of the next, by which cellular material is duplicated and then divided between two daughter cells. The cell cycle includes INTERPHASE, which includes G0 PHASE; G1 PHASE; S PHASE; and G2 PHASE, and CELL DIVISION PHASE.

Connective tissue cells which secrete an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.

Adherence of cells to surfaces or to other cells.

The survival of a graft in a host, the factors responsible for the survival and the changes occurring within the graft during growth in the host.

Signal molecules that are involved in the control of cell growth and differentiation.

Any procedure in which blood is withdrawn from a donor, a portion is separated and retained and the remainder is returned to the donor.

Therapies that involve the TRANSPLANTATION of CELLS or TISSUES developed for the purpose of restoring the function of diseased or dysfunctional cells or tissues.

Generating tissue in vitro for clinical applications, such as replacing wounded tissues or impaired organs. The use of TISSUE SCAFFOLDING enables the generation of complex multi-layered tissues and tissue structures.

A group of cells that includes FIBROBLASTS, cartilage cells, ADIPOCYTES, smooth muscle cells, and bone cells.

Proteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases.

A mononuclear phagocyte colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) synthesized by mesenchymal cells. The compound stimulates the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of hematopoietic cells of the monocyte-macrophage series. M-CSF is a disulfide-bonded glycoprotein dimer with a MW of 70 kDa. It binds to a specific high affinity receptor (RECEPTOR, MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR).

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

A cytokine produced by bone marrow stromal cells that promotes the growth of B-LYMPHOCYTE precursors and is co-mitogenic with INTERLEUKIN-2 for mature T-LYMPHOCYTE activation.

One of a pair of excretory organs (mesonephroi) which grows caudally to the first pair (PRONEPHROI) during development. Mesonephroi are the permanent kidneys in adult amphibians and fish. In higher vertebrates, proneprhoi and most of mesonephroi degenerate with the appearance of metanephroi. The remaining ducts become WOLFFIAN DUCTS.

The introduction of a phosphoryl group into a compound through the formation of an ester bond between the compound and a phosphorus moiety.

The unborn young of a viviparous mammal, in the postembryonic period, after the major structures have been outlined. In humans, the unborn young from the end of the eighth week after CONCEPTION until BIRTH, as distinguished from the earlier EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.

Diffusible gene products that act on homologous or heterologous molecules of viral or cellular DNA to regulate the expression of proteins.

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

Immature, nucleated ERYTHROCYTES occupying the stage of ERYTHROPOIESIS that follows formation of ERYTHROID PRECURSOR CELLS and precedes formation of RETICULOCYTES. The normal series is called normoblasts. Cells called MEGALOBLASTS are a pathologic series of erythroblasts.

An organism whose body contains cell populations of different genotypes as a result of the TRANSPLANTATION of donor cells after sufficient ionizing radiation to destroy the mature recipient's cells which would otherwise reject the donor cells.

A family of DNA-binding proteins that are primarily expressed in T-LYMPHOCYTES. They interact with BETA CATENIN and serve as transcriptional activators and repressors in a variety of developmental processes.

Transplantation of STEM CELLS collected from the fetal blood remaining in the UMBILICAL CORD and the PLACENTA after delivery. Included are the HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS.

In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.

A type VI intermediate filament protein expressed mostly in nerve cells where it is associated with the survival, renewal and mitogen-stimulated proliferation of neural progenitor cells.

The formation and development of blood cells outside the BONE MARROW, as in the SPLEEN; LIVER; or LYMPH NODES.

Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations, or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. All animals within an inbred strain trace back to a common ancestor in the twentieth generation.

The male gonad containing two functional parts: the SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES for the production and transport of male germ cells (SPERMATOGENESIS) and the interstitial compartment containing LEYDIG CELLS that produce ANDROGENS.

A TCF transcription factor that was originally identified as a DNA-binding protein that interacts with the enhancers of T-CELL RECEPTOR ALPHA GENES. It plays a role in T-LYMPHOCYTE development.

A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.

The external, nonvascular layer of the skin. It is made up, from within outward, of five layers of EPITHELIUM: (1) basal layer (stratum basale epidermidis); (2) spinous layer (stratum spinosum epidermidis); (3) granular layer (stratum granulosum epidermidis); (4) clear layer (stratum lucidum epidermidis); and (5) horny layer (stratum corneum epidermidis).

Cellular signaling in which a factor secreted by a cell affects other cells in the local environment. This term is often used to denote the action of INTERCELLULAR SIGNALING PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS on surrounding cells.

A cell-separation technique where magnetizable microspheres or beads are first coated with monoclonal antibody, allowed to search and bind to target cells, and are then selectively removed when passed through a magnetic field. Among other applications, the technique is commonly used to remove tumor cells from the marrow (BONE MARROW PURGING) of patients who are to undergo autologous bone marrow transplantation.

The number of LEUKOCYTES and ERYTHROCYTES per unit volume in a sample of venous BLOOD. A complete blood count (CBC) also includes measurement of the HEMOGLOBIN; HEMATOCRIT; and ERYTHROCYTE INDICES.

Stem cells derived from HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS. Derived from these myeloid progenitor cells are the MEGAKARYOCYTES; ERYTHROID CELLS; MYELOID CELLS; and some DENDRITIC CELLS.

Wnt proteins are a large family of secreted glycoproteins that play essential roles in EMBRYONIC AND FETAL DEVELOPMENT, and tissue maintenance. They bind to FRIZZLED RECEPTORS and act as PARACRINE PROTEIN FACTORS to initiate a variety of SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS. The canonical Wnt signaling pathway stabilizes the transcriptional coactivator BETA CATENIN.

A genus of the subfamily CERCOPITHECINAE, family CERCOPITHECIDAE, consisting of five named species: PAPIO URSINUS (chacma baboon), PAPIO CYNOCEPHALUS (yellow baboon), PAPIO PAPIO (western baboon), PAPIO ANUBIS (or olive baboon), and PAPIO HAMADRYAS (hamadryas baboon). Members of the Papio genus inhabit open woodland, savannahs, grassland, and rocky hill country. Some authors consider MANDRILLUS a subgenus of Papio.

The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Irradiation of the whole body with ionizing or non-ionizing radiation. It is applicable to humans or animals but not to microorganisms.

A negative regulatory effect on physiological processes at the molecular, cellular, or systemic level. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins.

The part of the brain that connects the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES with the SPINAL CORD. It consists of the MESENCEPHALON; PONS; and MEDULLA OBLONGATA.

A group of lymphocyte surface antigens located on mouse LYMPHOCYTES. Specific Ly antigens are useful markers for distinguishing subpopulations of lymphocytes.

A multifunctional cytokine secreted by primarily by activated TH2 CELLS that may play a role as a regulator of allergic INFLAMMATION. It has been shown to enhance the growth and CELL DIFFERENTIATION of MAST CELLS, and can act on a variety of other immune cells.

Specific molecular sites on the surface of B- and T-lymphocytes which combine with IgEs. Two subclasses exist: low affinity receptors (Fc epsilon RII) and high affinity receptors (Fc epsilon RI).

c-Kit positive cells related to SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS that are intercalated between the autonomic nerves and the effector smooth muscle cells of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT. Different phenotypic classes play roles as pacemakers, mediators of neural inputs, and mechanosensors.

Experimentation on, or using the organs or tissues from, a human or other mammalian conceptus during the prenatal stage of development that is characterized by rapid morphological changes and the differentiation of basic structures. In humans, this includes the period from the time of fertilization to the end of the eighth week after fertilization.

Proteins whose abnormal expression (gain or loss) are associated with the development, growth, or progression of NEOPLASMS. Some neoplasm proteins are tumor antigens (ANTIGENS, NEOPLASM), i.e. they induce an immune reaction to their tumor. Many neoplasm proteins have been characterized and are used as tumor markers (BIOMARKERS, TUMOR) when they are detectable in cells and body fluids as monitors for the presence or growth of tumors. Abnormal expression of ONCOGENE PROTEINS is involved in neoplastic transformation, whereas the loss of expression of TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEINS is involved with the loss of growth control and progression of the neoplasm.

Endogenous or exogenous substances which inhibit the normal growth of human and animal cells or micro-organisms, as distinguished from those affecting plant growth (= PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS).

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

An acute myeloid leukemia in which 20-30% of the bone marrow or peripheral blood cells are of megakaryocyte lineage. MYELOFIBROSIS or increased bone marrow RETICULIN is common.

The introduction of functional (usually cloned) GENES into cells. A variety of techniques and naturally occurring processes are used for the gene transfer such as cell hybridization, LIPOSOMES or microcell-mediated gene transfer, ELECTROPORATION, chromosome-mediated gene transfer, TRANSFECTION, and GENETIC TRANSDUCTION. Gene transfer may result in genetically transformed cells and individual organisms.

Protein kinases that catalyze the PHOSPHORYLATION of TYROSINE residues in proteins with ATP or other nucleotides as phosphate donors.

Any of several ways in which living cells of an organism communicate with one another, whether by direct contact between cells or by means of chemical signals carried by neurotransmitter substances, hormones, and cyclic AMP.

Cell changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the ability to invade, metastasize, and kill.

Techniques and strategies which include the use of coding sequences and other conventional or radical means to transform or modify cells for the purpose of treating or reversing disease conditions.

A cytologic technique for measuring the functional capacity of tumor stem cells by assaying their activity. It is used primarily for the in vitro testing of antineoplastic agents.

The movement of cells or organisms toward or away from a substance in response to its concentration gradient.

A reverse developmental process in which terminally differentiated cells with specialized functions revert back to a less differentiated stage within their own CELL LINEAGE.

The process of losing secretory granules (SECRETORY VESICLES). This occurs, for example, in mast cells, basophils, neutrophils, eosinophils, and platelets when secretory products are released from the granules by EXOCYTOSIS.

The outer covering of the body that protects it from the environment. It is composed of the DERMIS and the EPIDERMIS.

Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.

A single-chain polypeptide growth factor that plays a significant role in the process of WOUND HEALING and is a potent inducer of PHYSIOLOGIC ANGIOGENESIS. Several different forms of the human protein exist ranging from 18-24 kDa in size due to the use of alternative start sites within the fgf-2 gene. It has a 55 percent amino acid residue identity to FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR 1 and has potent heparin-binding activity. The growth factor is an extremely potent inducer of DNA synthesis in a variety of cell types from mesoderm and neuroectoderm lineages. It was originally named basic fibroblast growth factor based upon its chemical properties and to distinguish it from acidic fibroblast growth factor (FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR 1).

CXCR receptors with specificity for CXCL12 CHEMOKINE. The receptors may play a role in HEMATOPOIESIS regulation and can also function as coreceptors for the HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS.

Preparative treatment of transplant recipient with various conditioning regimens including radiation, immune sera, chemotherapy, and/or immunosuppressive agents, prior to transplantation. Transplantation conditioning is very common before bone marrow transplantation.

A true neoplasm composed of a number of different types of tissue, none of which is native to the area in which it occurs. It is composed of tissues that are derived from three germinal layers, the endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. They are classified histologically as mature (benign) or immature (malignant). (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1642)

Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques.

DNA sequences which are recognized (directly or indirectly) and bound by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase during the initiation of transcription. Highly conserved sequences within the promoter include the Pribnow box in bacteria and the TATA BOX in eukaryotes.

The secretion of histamine from mast cell and basophil granules by exocytosis. This can be initiated by a number of factors, all of which involve binding of IgE, cross-linked by antigen, to the mast cell or basophil's Fc receptors. Once released, histamine binds to a number of different target cell receptors and exerts a wide variety of effects.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

A factor synthesized in a wide variety of tissues. It acts synergistically with TGF-alpha in inducing phenotypic transformation and can also act as a negative autocrine growth factor. TGF-beta has a potential role in embryonal development, cellular differentiation, hormone secretion, and immune function. TGF-beta is found mostly as homodimer forms of separate gene products TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3. Heterodimers composed of TGF-beta1 and 2 (TGF-beta1.2) or of TGF-beta2 and 3 (TGF-beta2.3) have been isolated. The TGF-beta proteins are synthesized as precursor proteins.

Cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body by forming cellular layers (EPITHELIUM) or masses. Epithelial cells lining the SKIN; the MOUTH; the NOSE; and the ANAL CANAL derive from ectoderm; those lining the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM and the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM derive from endoderm; others (CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM and LYMPHATIC SYSTEM) derive from mesoderm. Epithelial cells can be classified mainly by cell shape and function into squamous, glandular and transitional epithelial cells.

A technique that localizes specific nucleic acid sequences within intact chromosomes, eukaryotic cells, or bacterial cells through the use of specific nucleic acid-labeled probes.

Spontaneous aggregations of human embryonic stem cells that occur in vitro after culturing in a medium that lacks LEUKEMIC INHIBITORY FACTOR. The embryoid bodies can further differentiate into cells that represent different lineages.

Socs1 binds to multiple signalling proteins and suppresses steel factor-dependent proliferation. (1/1661)

We have identified Socs1 as a downstream component of the Kit receptor tyrosine kinase signalling pathway. We show that the expression of Socs1 mRNA is rapidly increased in primary bone marrow-derived mast cells following exposure to Steel factor, and Socs1 inducibly binds to the Kit receptor tyrosine kinase via its Src homology 2 (SH2) domain. Previous studies have shown that Socs1 suppresses cytokine-mediated differentiation in M1 cells inhibiting Janus family kinases. In contrast, constitutive expression of Socs1 suppresses the mitogenic potential of Kit while maintaining Steel factor-dependent cell survival signals. Unlike Janus kinases, Socs1 does not inhibit the catalytic activity of the Kit tyrosine kinase. In order to define the mechanism by which Socs1-mediated suppression of Kit-dependent mitogenesis occurs, we demonstrate that Socs1 binds to the signalling proteins Grb-2 and the Rho-family guanine nucleotide exchange factors Vav. We show that Grb2 binds Socs1 via its SH3 domains to putative diproline determinants located in the N-terminus of Socs1, and Socs1 binds to the N-terminal regulatory region of Vav. These data suggest that Socs1 is an inducible switch which modulates proliferative signals in favour of cell survival signals and functions as an adaptor protein in receptor tyrosine kinase signalling pathways. (+info)

Increase of hematopoietic responses by triple or single helical conformer of an antitumor (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan preparation, Sonifilan, in cyclophosphamide-induced leukopenic mice. (2/1661)

It has been suggested that the immunopharmacological activity of soluble (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan depends on its conformation in mice. In this study, we examined the relationship between the conformation of Sonifilan (SPG) and hematopietic responses in cyclophosphamide (Cy)-induced leukopenic mice. SPG, a high molecular weight (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan, has a triple helical conformation in water, and it was changed by treatment with aqueous sodium hydroxide to the single helical conformer (SPG-OH). The effects of SPG or SPG-OH on hematopoietic responses in cyclophosphamide induced leukopenic mice were investigated by monitoring i) gene expression of cytokines by RT-PCR, ii) protein synthesis of interleukin 6 (IL-6) by ELISA and iii) colony formation of bone marrow cells (BMC). The mice administered Cy and SPG or SPG-OH expressed and produced higher levels of IL-6 mRNA and protein than the mice administered only Cy. Gene expression of NK1.1 was also induced by Cy/SPG (or SPG-OH) treatment. Induced gene expression of stem cell factor (SCF) and macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) by SPG/SPG-OH were also found in in vitro culture of BMC from Cy treated mice. These results strongly suggested that conformation of the glucans, single and triple helix, are independent of the hematopietic response. (+info)

Influence of monoclonal antiplatelet glycoprotein antibodies on in vitro human megakaryocyte colony formation and proplatelet formation. (3/1661)

The influence of antiplatelet glycoprotein (GP) antibodies on megakaryocytopoiesis in patients with idiopathic or immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) has been well studied. However, the influence of GP antibodies on proplatelet formation is poorly understood. Here we investigated whether in vitro human megakaryocyte colony formation and proplatelet formation are affected by various monoclonal antiplatelet GP antibodies (MoAb). The megakaryocyte colony formation inhibition assay was performed by methylcellulose culture with modifications, using peripheral blood nonadherent mononuclear cells. The proplatelet formation inhibition assay was performed by megakaryocytes derived from CD34(+) cells, stimulated with thrombopoietin + stem cell factor, which were then incubated with antiplatelet GP MoAb for 24 or 48 hours. Anti-GP-Ibalpha MoAb (CD42b; HIP1) slightly inhibited megakaryocyte colony formation (P < .05). and strongly inhibited proplatelet formation (after 24 hours incubation, P < .0002; after 48 hours incubation, P < .0007). Anti-GP-IIb MoAb (CD41; 5B12) inhibited only proplatelet formation (only after 24 hours incubation, P <. 03). Anti-integrin alphavbeta3 MoAb (CD51/CD61; 23C6) only slightly inhibited colony size (P < .05). However, anti-GP-IIIa MoAb (CD61; Y2/51) did not inhibit either colony formation or proplatelet formation. These results suggest that antiplatelet GP MoAbs have differing effects on in vitro megakaryocyte colony formation and proplatelet formation. (+info)

Cytokine treatment or accessory cells are required to initiate engraftment of purified primitive human hematopoietic cells transplanted at limiting doses into NOD/SCID mice. (4/1661)

Little is known about the cell types or mechanisms that underlie the engraftment process. Here, we have examined parameters affecting the engraftment of purified human Lin-CD34+CD38- normal and AML cells transplanted at limiting doses into NOD/SCID recipients. Mice transplanted with 500 to 1000 Lin-CD34+CD38- cord blood (CB) or AML cells required the co-transplantation of accessory cells (ACs) or short-term in vivo cytokine treatment for engraftment, whereas transplantation of higher doses (>5000 Lin-CD34+CD38- cells) did not show these requirements suggesting that ACs are effective for both normal and leukemic stem cell engraftment in this model. Mature Lin+CD34- and primitive Lin-CD34+CD38+ cells were capable of acting as ACs even though no repopulating cells are present. Cytokine treatment of NOD/SCID mice could partially replace the requirement for co-transplantation of AC. Furthermore, no difference was seen between the percentage of engrafted mice treated with cytokines for only the first 10 days after transplant compared to those receiving cytokines for the entire time of repopulation. Surprisingly, no engraftment was detected in mice when cytokine treatment was delayed until 10 days posttransplant. Together, these studies suggest that the engraftment process requires pluripotent stem cells plus accessory cells or cytokine treatment which act early after transplantation. The NOD/SCID xenotransplant system provides the means to further clarify the processes underlying human stem cell engraftment. (+info)

Comparative study of the in vitro behavior of cord blood subpopulations after short-term cytokine exposure. (5/1661)

We investigated the effect of short-term cytokine exposure on defined cord blood subpopulations. CD34+Thy1+, CD34+Thy1-, CD34+38-, CD34+38+, CD34+DR+, CD34+DR-, CD34+Rhodamine123 (Rh123)- and CD34+Rh123+ cells were incubated for 7 days in IMDM + 10% FCS + IL3 + IL6 + G-CSF + SCF (36GS) + flt3L. We evaluated LTHC-IC, immunophenotype and nucleated cell count for each cell population before and after cytokine exposure. Short-term exposure of CD34+38+, CD34+Thy1-, CD34+DR+, CD34+DR- and CD34+Rh123+ cells to 36GS causes a significant increase in cell number, whereas CD34+38-, CD34+Thy1+, and CD34+Rh123- cells show only a limited increase. CD34 status post cytokine incubation shows that CD34+38+, CD34+Thy1-, CD34+DR+, and CD34+Rh123+ fractions have a lower proportion of cells remaining CD34+ than CD34+38- CD34+Thy1+, CD34+DR- and CD34+Rh123- fractions. LTHC-IC analyses among input subpopulations show a higher frequency among CD34+38+, CD34+Thy1-, CD34+DR+, CD34+DR- and CD34+Rh123+ cells as compared with CD34+38-, CD34+Thy1+ and CD34+Rh123- cells. However, when LTHC-IC were evaluated after cytokine exposure, CD34+38-, CD34+Thy1+, and CD34+Rh123- cells showed a higher frequency of LTHC-IC as compared with other subpopulations. Addition of flt3L to 36GS doubled the numbers in all subpopulations without altering the proportion of CD34+ cells. Results suggest that CD34+38-, CD34+Thy1+ and CD34+Rh123- cells have a limited proliferative response to cytokines, the stem cell component of these populations is largely maintained and that expansion is derived from mature cell populations. (+info)

Long-term culture of human CD34(+) progenitors with FLT3-ligand, thrombopoietin, and stem cell factor induces extensive amplification of a CD34(-)CD14(-) and a CD34(-)CD14(+) dendritic cell precursor. (6/1661)

Current in vitro culture systems allow the generation of human dendritic cells (DCs), but the output of mature cells remains modest. This contrasts with the extensive amplification of hematopoietic progenitors achieved when culturing CD34(+) cells with FLT3-ligand and thrombopoietin. To test whether such cultures contained DC precursors, CD34(+) cord blood cells were incubated with the above cytokines, inducing on the mean a 250-fold and a 16,600-fold increase in total cell number after 4 and 8 weeks, respectively. The addition of stem cell factor induced a further fivefold increase in proliferation. The majority of the cells produced were CD34(-)CD1a- CD14(+) (p14(+)) and CD34(-)CD1a-CD14(-) (p14(-)) and did not display the morphology, surface markers, or allostimulatory capacity of DC. When cultured with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4), both subsets differentiated without further proliferation into immature (CD1a+, CD14(-), CD83(-)) macropinocytic DC. Mature (CD1a+, CD14(-), CD83(+)) DCs with high allostimulatory activity were generated if such cultures were supplemented with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF). In addition, p14(-) cells generated CD14(+) cells with GM-CSF and TNF, which in turn, differentiated into DC when exposed to GM-CSF and IL-4. Similar results were obtained with frozen DC precursors and also when using pooled human serum AB+ instead of bovine serum, emphasizing that this system using CD34(+) cells may improve future prospects for immunotherapy. (+info)

Cellulose as an inert matrix for presenting cytokines to target cells: production and properties of a stem cell factor-cellulose-binding domain fusion protein. (7/1661)

A chimaera of stem cell factor (SCF) and a cellulose-binding domain from the xylanase Cex (CBDCex) effectively immobilizes SCF on a cellulose surface. The fusion protein retains both the cytokine properties of SCF and the cellulose-binding characteristics of CBDCex. When adsorbed on cellulose, SCF-CBDCex is up to 7-fold more potent than soluble SCF-CBDCex and than native SCF at stimulating the proliferation of factor-dependent cell lines. When cells are incubated with cellulose-bound SCF-CBDCex, activated receptors and SCF-CBDCex co-localize on the cellulose matrix. The strong binding of SCF-CBDCex to the cellulose surface permits the effective and localized stimulation of target cells; this is potentially significant for long-term perfusion culturing of factor-dependent cells. It also permits the direct analysis of the effects of surface-bound cytokines on target cells. (+info)

A randomized phase 3 study of peripheral blood progenitor cell mobilization with stem cell factor and filgrastim in high-risk breast cancer patients. (8/1661)

This randomized study compared the number of leukaphereses required to collect an optimal target yield of 5 x 10(6) CD34(+) peripheral blood progenitor cells/kg, using either stem cell factor (SCF) at 20 micrograms/kg/d in combination with Filgrastim at 10 micrograms/kg/d or Filgrastim alone at 10 micrograms/kg/d, from 203 patients with high-risk stage II, III, or IV breast cancer. Leukapheresis began on day 5 of cytokine administration and continued daily until the target yield of CD34(+) cells had been reached or a maximum of 5 leukaphereses performed. By day 5 of leukapheresis, 63% of the patients treated with SCF plus Filgrastim (n = 100) compared with 47% of those receiving Filgrastim alone (n = 103) reached the CD34(+) cell target yield. There was a clinically and statistically significant reduction (P <.05) in the number of leukaphereses required to reach the target yield for the patients receiving SCF plus Filgrastim (median, 4 leukaphereses) compared with patients receiving Filgrastim alone (median, 6 or more leukapherses; ie, <50% of patients reached the target in 5 leukaphereses). All patients receiving SCF were premedicated with antihistamines, albuterol, and pseudoephedrine. Treatment was safe, generally well tolerated, and not associated with life-threatening or fatal toxicity. In conclusion, SCF plus Filgrastim is a more effective peripheral blood progenitor cell (PBPC)-mobilization regimen than Filgrastim alone. In addition to the potential for reduced leukapheresis-related morbidity and costs, SCF offers additional options for obtaining cells for further graft manipulation. (+info)

Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF). *Interleukins/T-cell growth factors (see here instead) ... It has received regulatory approval for use as a treatment for non-small cell lung cancer,[6][4][7][8] although there is ... Afatinib, sold under the brand name Gilotrif among others, is a medication used to treat non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). ... It is mainly used to treat cases of NSCLC that harbour mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene.[5] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afatinib

Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF). *Interleukins/T-cell growth factors (see here instead) ... Pegaptanib is a pegylated anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) aptamer, a single strand of nucleic acid that binds ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pegaptanib

Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF). *Interleukins/T-cell growth factors (see here instead) ... Common side effects may include low platelets, low white blood cells, anemia, rashes, vomiting, diarrhea, and joint pains.[3] ... and reduced blood cell count. Less typical side effects are those of the cardiovascular system, such as high blood pressure, ... Nilotinib is a Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor and works by interfering with signalling within the cancer cell.[3] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nilotinib

Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF). *Interleukins/T-cell growth factors (see here instead) ... cell-cell signaling. • ephrin receptor signaling pathway. • axon guidance. • osteoclast differentiation. • bone remodeling. ... Cells. 9 (4): 440-5. PMID 10515610.. *. Aasheim HC, Munthe E, Funderud S, et al. (2000). "A splice variant of human ephrin-A4 ... Eph Nomenclature Committee". Cell. 90 (3): 403-4. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80500-0. PMID 9267020.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EFNA4

Nerve growth factor (NGF), the prototypical growth factor, is a protein secreted by a neuron's target cell. NGF is critical for ... retain the ability to grow new neurons from neural stem cells, a process known as neurogenesis.[4] Neurotrophins are chemicals ... Brain-derived neurotrophic factor[edit]. Main article: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor ( ... In the PNS (where NGF, NT-3 and NT-4 are mainly secreted) cell fate is determined by a single growth factor (i.e. neurotrophins ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurotrophy

Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF). *Interleukins/T-cell growth factors (see here instead) ... regulation of cell-cell adhesion. • positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation. • regulation of focal adhesion ... regulation of cell morphogenesis. • collateral sprouting. • negative regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading ... cell periphery. • GABA-ergic synapse. Biological process. • positive regulation of synapse assembly. • apoptotic process. • ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EFNA5

"Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation and personalized therapy in advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC)". ... sensitizes small cell lung cancer cell lines to the effects of chemotherapy". Clin Cancer Res. 11 (4): 1563-71. doi:10.1158/ ... Erlotinib hydrochloride (trade name Tarceva) is a drug used to treat non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer and several ... "Determinants of Tumor Response and Survival With Erlotinib in Patients With Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer, Journal of Clinical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erlotinib

The RET proto-oncogene encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase for members of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF ... positive regulation of cell migration. • neuron cell-cell adhesion. • nervous system development. • neuron maturation. • ... glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor receptor signaling pathway. • positive regulation of MAPK cascade. • positive regulation ... regulation of cell adhesion. • lymphocyte migration into lymphoid organs. • cell adhesion. • positive regulation of gene ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RET_proto-oncogene

The drug is approved in multiple contexts of Philadelphia chromosome-positive CML, including after stem cell transplant, in ... the Ras/MapK pathway, which leads to increased proliferation due to increased growth factor-independent cell growth. ... "Cell. 135 (3): 437-48. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2008.08.041. PMC 2788814. PMID 18984156. Lay summary - Science Daily.. ... Some tumor cells, however, have a dependence on bcr-abl.[28] Inhibition of the bcr-abl tyrosine kinase also stimulates its ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imatinib

Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF). *Interleukins/T-cell growth factors (see here instead) ... Fibroblast growth factor 20 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the FGF20 gene.[1] ... The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. FGF family members possess broad ... cell growth, morphogenesis, tissue repair, tumor growth and invasion. This gene was shown to be expressed in normal brain, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FGF20

Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF). *Interleukins/T-cell growth factors (see here instead) ... cell-cell signaling. • neuron projection morphogenesis. • innervation. • negative regulation of cell death. • long-term memory ... Lung Cell Mol. Physiol. 291 (3): L447-56. doi:10.1152/ajplung.00501.2005. PMID 16648236.. ... 2008). "Neurotrophins and their receptors stimulate melanoma cell proliferation and migration". J. Invest. Dermatol. 128 (8): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NT-4

Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF). *Interleukins/T-cell growth factors (see here instead) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GFRα

Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF). *Interleukins/T-cell growth factors (see here instead) ... "Sorafenib in advanced clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma". New England Journal of Medicine. 356 (2): 125-34. doi:10.1056/ ... particularly clear cell renal cell carcinoma, which is associated with the von Hippel-Lindau gene) ... treatment with sorafenib prolongs progression-free survival in patients with advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma in whom ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorafenib

... binds to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) on the outer membrane of normal and tumor cells. The matuzumab ... Activation of the EGFR has diverse effects on target cells depending on cell type and tissue context. It directs cell fate ... epidermal growth factor) and other members of the EGF family of growth factors, resulting in activation of its tyrosine kinase ... It binds to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with high affinity.[1] The mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb425) from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matuzumab

Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF). *Interleukins/T-cell growth factors (see here instead) ... Osherov N, Gazit A, Gilon C, Levitzki A (1993). "Selective inhibition of the epidermal growth factor and HER2/neu receptors by ... Yaish P, Gazit A, Gilon C, Levitzki A (1988). "Blocking of EGF-dependent cell proliferation by EGF receptor kinase inhibitors ... "Effects of a selective inhibitor of the Abl tyrosine kinase on the growth of Bcr-Abl positive cells". Nat Med. 2 (5): 561-6. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrosine-kinase_inhibitor

It acts as a kinase inhibitor of a number of cell receptors, mainly the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), ... Vandetanib is an inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2, epidermal growth factor receptor, and RET tyrosine ... AstraZeneca tested Vandetanib in clinical trials for non-small cell lung cancer and submitted an application for approval to ... the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and the RET-tyrosine kinase.[3][4] The drug was developed by AstraZeneca[1] and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vandetanib

"HASF is a stem cell paracrine factor that activates PKC epsilon mediated cytoprotection". Journal of Molecular and Cellular ... hypoxia and Akt-induced stem cell factor; ROS generated via pharmacologic activation of the mitochondrial potassium-sensitive ... "Protein kinase C-epsilon protects MCF-7 cells from TNF-mediated cell death by inhibiting Bax translocation". Apoptosis. 12 (10 ... "Arachidonic acid stimulates protein kinase C-epsilon redistribution in heart cells". Journal of Cell Science. 110 (14): 1625-34 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRKCE

One of the key players in self-renewal and development of haematopoietic cells is stem cell factor (SCF), which binds to the c- ... The lymphoid lineage is composed of T-cells, B-cells and natural killer cells. This is lymphopoiesis. Cells of the myeloid ... differentiated cells may regain attributes of progenitor cells. An example is PAX5 factor, which is important in B cell ... As a stem cell matures it undergoes changes in gene expression that limit the cell types that it can become and moves it closer ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haematopoiesis

"Induction of Pluripotent Stem Cells from Adult Human Fibroblasts by Defined Factors". Cell. 131 (5): 861-872. doi:10.1016/j. ... Scalable Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation Culture". Stem Cells. 22 (3): 275-282. doi:10.1634/stemcells.22-3-275. PMID ... and BMP Signaling Regulate Distinct Stages in the Developmental Pathway from Embryonic Stem Cells to Blood". Cell Stem Cell. 2 ... "Cell Stem Cell. 3 (5): 508-518. doi:10.1016/j.stem.2008.09.013. PMC 2683270. PMID 18983966.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embryoid_body

"SOX9 Stem-Cell Factor: Clinical and Functional Relevance in Cancer". Journal of Oncology. 2019: 6754040. doi:10.1155/2019/ ... The process starts when the transcription factor Testis determining factor (encoded by the sex-determining region SRY of the Y ... stem cells, and human diseases". Genes & Diseases. 1 (2): 149-161. doi:10.1016/j.gendis.2014.09.004. PMC 4326072. PMID 25685828 ... Transcription factor SOX-9 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SOX9 gene. SOX-9 recognizes the sequence CCTTGAG along ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOX9

In mouse ESCs, Sall4 was found to bind the essential stem cell factor, octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (Oct4), in two ... implications for stem cell biology, development, and disease". Cell Stem Cell. 6 (4): 382-395. doi:10.1016/j.stem.2010.03.004. ... "An Oct4-centered protein interaction network in embryonic stem cells". Cell Stem Cell. 6 (4): 369-381. doi:10.1016/j.stem. ... a stem cell transcription factor". Cell Cycle. 13 (9): 1456-1462. doi:10.4161/cc.28418. PMC 4050143. PMID 24626181. Gao C, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SALL4

Huang, Yanqing (August 2015). Fibroblast Growth Factor Signaling In Prostate Stem Cells And Prostate Cancer. TAMU: Texas A&M ... "Novel secretory heparin-binding factors from human glioma cells (glia-activating factors) involved in glial cell growth. ... a type of cell signaling protein. This gene signals embryonic stem cell development and sex determination. FGF9 gene expression ... This protein was isolated as a secreted factor that exhibits a growth-stimulating effect on cultured glial cells. In nervous ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FGF9

"ISG15 is a critical microenvironmental factor for pancreatic cancer stem cells". Cancer Research. 74 (24): 7309-20. doi:10.1158 ... In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, tumor-associated macrophages secrete ISG15 enhancing the phenotype of cancer stem cells in ... IFN regulatory factor-8/IFN consensus sequence binding protein, and IFN regulatory factor-4: characterization of a new subtype ... "Interferon stimulated gene 15 constitutively produced by melanoma cells induces e-cadherin expression on human dendritic cells ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISG15

"Stem cell factor induces phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase-dependent Lyn/Tec/Dok-1 complex formation in hematopoietic cells". ... cell projection. • cell-cell junction. • ruffle. • plasma membrane. • COP9 signalosome. • lamellipodium. • Schaffer collateral ... cell migration. • leukocyte migration. • calcium-mediated signaling. • epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway. • ... "Cell. 138 (3): 514-24. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2009.05.028. PMC 4764080. PMID 19665973.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PLCG1

"Induction of pluripotent stem cells from adult human fibroblasts by defined factors". Cell. 131 (5): 861-72. doi:10.1016/j.cell ... Glis1 can be used as one of the four factors used in reprogramming somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells. The three ... "Induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast cultures by defined factors". Cell. 126 (4): 663- ... The transcription factor c-Myc can also be used as the fourth factor and was the original fourth factor used by Shinya Yamanaka ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GLIS1

"Enhanced cardiogenesis in embryonic stem cells overexpressing the GATA-4 transcription factor". Development. 124 (12): 2387- ... "A Murine Model of Holt-Oram Syndrome Defines Roles of the T-box Transcription Factor Tbx5 in Cardiogenesis and Disease". Cell. ... Viger, R. S.; Mertineit, C.; Trasler, J. M.; Nemer, M. (1998-07-15). "Transcription factor GATA-4 is expressed in a sexually ... "The cardiac transcription factors Nkx2‐5 and GATA‐4 are mutual cofactors". The EMBO Journal. 16 (18): 5687-5696. doi:10.1093/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mona_Nemer

Huang, Lixiang; Wang, Gan (2017). "The Effects of Different Factors on the Behavior of Neural Stem Cells". Stem Cells ... Neural stem cells (NSCs), however, are able to differentiate into many different types of nerve cells. This is one way that ... Schwann cells have the ability to regenerate, but the capacity that these cells can repair nerve cells declines as time goes on ... This is different from the motor neuron, which includes a cell body and branching of dendrites, while the nerve is made up of a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_nerve

... "c-kit expression profile and regulatory factors during spermatogonial stem cell differentiation". BMC Developmental Biology. 13 ... These cells are called post migratory germ cells (PGCs). The gonocyte population develops from the post migratory germ cells ( ... This period consists of the primordial germ cells (PGC), the initial cells that commence germ cell development in the embryo, ... rather than spermatogonial stem cells (type A). Gonocytes are long-lived precursor germ cells responsible for the production of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonocyte

"Induction of Pluripotent Stem Cells from Adult Human Fibroblasts by Defined Factors". Cell. 131 (5): 861-72. doi:10.1016/j.cell ... The cells of the inner cell mass (embryoblast), which are known as human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), will further ... "Induction of Pluripotent Stem Cells from Mouse Embryonic and Adult Fibroblast Cultures by Defined Factors" (PDF). Cell. 126 (4 ... then four-cells, and finally eight-cells. One more cell division brings the number of cells to 16, at which time it is called a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embryomics

To confer pluripotency in an embryonic stem cell, factors inhibit Xist transcription. These factors also upregulate ... "Tsix RNA and the germline factor, PRDM14, link X reactivation and stem cell reprogramming". Mol. Cell. 52 (6): 805-18. doi: ... Alternately, it may be necessary to study cells closer to the X inactivation stage rather than older cells in order to ... This cell is then able to remain pluripotent as X inactivation is not accomplished. The marker Rex1, as well as other members ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsix

Cell-intrinsic transforming growth factor-beta signaling mediates virus-specific CD8+ T cell deletion and viral persistence in ... T cells associate with and predict leukemia relapse in AML patients post allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Blood Cancer ... T Cells to protect tumour cells. Nature Communications. March 2018, 9 (1): 948. PMC 5838096. PMID 29507342. doi:10.1038/s41467- ... 细胞毒性T细胞(CTLs, killer T cells)负责杀伤被病毒感染的细胞和癌细胞，在对器官移植的

https://zh.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/T细胞

... a type 2 diabetic will have lost about half of their beta cells.[52] Fatty acids in the beta cells activate FOXO1, resulting in ... While some of these factors are under personal control, such as diet and obesity, other factors are not, such as increasing age ... Lifestyle factors are important to the development of type 2 diabetes, including obesity and being overweight (defined by a ... Type 2 diabetes is due to insufficient insulin production from beta cells in the setting of insulin resistance.[13] Insulin ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_2_diabetes_mellitus

The brain stem can control food intake, because it contains neural circuits that detect hunger and satiety signals from other ... The size of an animal is also a factor in determining diet type (Allen's rule). Since small mammals have a high ratio of heat- ... The brain detects insulin in the blood, which indicates that nutrients are being absorbed by cells and a person is getting full ... Rats that have had the motor neurons in the brain stem disconnected from the neural circuits of the cerebral hemispheres ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eat

Halaschek-Wiener J, Brooks-Wilson A. Progeria of stem cells: stem cell exhaustion in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome. J. ... Dreuillet C, Tillit J, Kress M, Ernoult-Lange M. In vivo and in vitro interaction between human transcription factor MOK2 and ... M phase of mitotic cell cycle. · mitotic prophase. · mitotic anaphase. · mitotic cell cycle. · apoptotic process. · cellular ... Cell. December 2002, 13 (12): 4401-13. PMC 138642. PMID 12475961. doi:10.1091/mbc.E02-07-0450.. ...

https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/LMNA

Flores ER, Halder G (2011). "Stem cell proliferation in the skin: alpha-catenin takes over the hippo pathway". Sci Signal. 4 ( ... Yi ZY, Feng LJ, Xiang Z, Yao H (2011). "Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 activation mediates epithelial to ... F9 embryonal carcinoma cells are similar to the P19 cells shown in Figure 1 and normally have cell-to-cell adhesion mediated by ... A tumor cell line with defective δ-catenin, low levels of E-cadherin and poor cell-to-cell adhesion could be restored to normal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catenin

... epidermal hair cells (trichomes), cells in the stomatal complex; guard cells and subsidiary cells. The epidermal cells are the ... along the stem.. Basal. Arising from the base of the stem.. Cauline. Arising from the aerial stem.. Opposite. Two leaves, ... Plants respond and adapt to environmental factors, such as light and mechanical stress from wind. Leaves need to support their ... Cells that bring water and minerals from the roots into the leaf.. Phloem. Cells that usually move sap, with dissolved sucrose( ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cauline

Cell Genet. 84: 39-42. PMID 10343098.. *^ Booth (2002). „The CXCR3 binding chemokine IP-10/CXCL10: structure and receptor ... Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 8 (3): 207-19. PMID 9462486. doi:10.1016/S1359-6101(97)00015-4.. ... Dufour (2002). „IFN-gamma-inducible protein 10 (IP-10; CXCL10) -deficient mice reveal a role for IP-10 in effector T cell ...

https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/CXCL10

... stem cells, white blood cells) in many tissues and organs. SP amplifies or excites most cellular processes.[15][16] ... Koon HW, Zhao D, Na X, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C (Oct 2004). "Metalloproteinases and transforming growth factor-alpha mediate ... Substance P has been known to stimulate cell growth in normal and cancer cell line cultures,[37] and it was shown that ... on cells (including cancer cells) bestowing upon them mobility.[40] and metastasis.[41] It has been suggested that cancer ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substance_P

The peripheral stem cell yield is boosted with daily subcutaneous injections of Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, serving ... who have lost their stem cells after birth. Other conditions[13] treated with stem cell transplants include sickle-cell disease ... Peripheral blood stem cells[26] are now the most common source of stem cells for HSCT. They are collected from the blood ... Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the transplantation of multipotent hematopoietic stem cells, usually derived ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_Marrow_Transplant

In medicine, this era brought innovations such as open-heart surgery and later stem cell therapy along with new medications and ... Superpower § Possible factors. Theories and concepts in technology. *Appropriate technology. *Diffusion of innovations ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological

Osteochondroprogenitor cells are progenitor cells that arise from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in the bone marrow. They have ... are necessary for osteochondroprogenitor cells to differentiate into the osteoblast cell lineage. These factors also have a ... McBride, SH; Falls T; Knothe Tate ML (2008). "Modulation of stem cell shape and fate B: mechanical modulation of cell shape and ... the uncommitted stem cells of the embryo will undergo differentiation into certain cell lineages. However the exact mechanism ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteochondroprogenitor_cell

"Factors influencing transformation frequency of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)". Plant Cell Reports. 12: 644-647. doi: ... "The Plant Cell. 3 (11): 1187-1193. doi:10.2307/3869226. JSTOR 3869226. PMC 160085 . PMID 1821764.. ... "Fruit Cell Wall Proteins Help Fungus Turn Tomatoes From Ripe To Rotten". Science Daily. Jan 31, 2008. Retrieved 29 August 2010. ... One group added a transcription factor for the production of anthocyanin from Arabidopsis thaliana[33] whereas another used ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_tomato

Multiple tornadoes produced by the same storm cell are referred to as a "tornado family".[21] Several tornadoes are sometimes ... Lighting conditions are a major factor in the appearance of a tornado. A tornado which is "back-lit" (viewed with the sun ... The name stems from their characterization as a "fair weather waterspout on land". Waterspouts and landspouts share many ... Dust kicked up by the winds of the parent thunderstorm, heavy rain and hail, and the darkness of night are all factors which ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tornadoes

The generative cell in the pollen grain divides into two haploid sperm cells by mitosis leading to the development of the ... Apical growth of the stem was slow from 1926 through 1936 when the tree was competing with herbs and shrubs and probably shaded ... 1964).[16] External factors also influence growth and form. Fraser recorded the development of a single white spruce tree from ... Then, the first tracheids of the transition zone are formed, where the radial size of cells and thickness of their cell walls ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coniferous_forest

"B cell maturation protein is a receptor for the tumor necrosis factor family member TALL-1". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 ( ... Monokin • Limfokin (Limfotoksin, Faktor transfera) • Faktor rasta • Hematopoeza (Faktor stem ćelija, Faktor stimulacije ... "B cell maturation protein is a receptor for the tumor necrosis factor family member TALL-1.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 ... a tumor necrosis factor family member involved in B cell regulation". J. Exp. Med. 192 (1): 137-43. PMC 1887716. PMID 10880535 ...

https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faktor_aktivacije_B-ćelija

... with beta-catenin and T-cell factor 4 may bypass canonical Wnt signaling to down-regulate adipogenic transcription factors". ... An androgen (from Greek andr-, the stem of the word meaning "man") is any natural or synthetic steroid hormone that regulates ... The mesoderm-derived epithelial cells of the sex cords in developing testes become the Sertoli cells, which will function to ... These are Leydig cells. Soon after they differentiate, Leydig cells begin to produce androgens. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Androgen

Potassium is the major cation (positive ion) inside animal cells,[223] while sodium is the major cation outside animal cells.[ ... The first factor depends on the volume of the atom and thus the atomic radius, which increases going down the group; thus, the ... and unsepttrium stems from the fact that they are located close to the expected locations of islands of stability, centered at ... The balance between potassium and sodium is maintained by ion transporter proteins in the cell membrane.[231] The cell membrane ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali_metal

Necrosis: the (premature) death of cells, caused by external factors such as infection, toxin or trauma. Necrotic cells send ... the dedifferentiation causes the cells to lose all of their normal structure/function), or cancer stem cells can increase their ... Anaplastic cells have lost total control of their normal functions and many have deteriorated cell structures. Anaplastic cells ... Glial cells such as Schwann cells in the periphery or, within the cord itself, oligodendrocytes, wrap themselves around the ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_tumors

When collected into a trade paperback, only the portions from The Uncanny X-Men, X-Factor, and The New Mutants were included, ... Face: Weaponized brain stem. Capable of emitting a highly destructive energy blast from face. Due to the nature of his mutation ... Meanwhile, as Domino (who was placed in a fiery prison cell) works her charm on a familiar looking kid to exploit an ... ISBN 978-0-7851-3777-1) was announced in December 2008, for publication on May 28, 2009, which would collect X-Factor #33-40, X ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inferno_

These studies show that inbreeding depression and ecological factors have an influence on survival.[20] ... and the Hutterites stem from very small founder populations. The same is true for some Hasidic and Haredi Jewish groups. ... "The evolution of hermaphroditism by an infectious male-derived cell lineage: an inclusive-fitness analysis" (PDF). The ... breeding or natural environmental factors, the deleterious inherited traits are culled.[6][7][32] ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_breeding

An example is the p53 gene, which suppresses cancer but also suppresses stem cells, which replenish worn-out tissue.[13] ... Selectional pleiotropy occurs when the resulting phenotype has many effects on fitness (depending on factors such as age and ... "sickle cell disease". Genetics Home Reference. Retrieved 2016-11-11.. *^ MD, Kenneth R. Bridges. "How Does Sickle Cell Cause ... Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disease that causes deformed red blood cells with a rigid, crescent shape instead of the normal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleiotropic

Further in the future, stem cell biotechnology may also make this possible, with no need for anti-rejection drugs. ... Lawrence, A. A. (2003). "Factors associated with satisfaction or regret following male-to-female sex reassignment surgery". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_reassignment_surgery

If we consider a cell of the lattice formed, we can see that it is a rhombus with the four sides equal to d = p/sin α; (we have ... However, if probe aberration-corrected high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) ... Gustafsson, M. G. L. (2000). "Surpassing the lateral resolution limit by a factor of two using structured illumination ... A live demonstration of the moiré effect that stems from interferences between circles ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moire_pattern

In fact, age-related alterations are evident in all stages of T-cell development, making them a significant factor in the ... Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), which provide the regulated lifelong supply of leukocyte progenitors that are in turn able to ... The cytotoxicity of Natural Killer (NK) cells and the antigen-presenting function of dendritic cells is known to diminish with ... Mocchegiani, E; M. Malavolta (2004). "NK and NKT cell functions in immunosenescence". Aging Cell. 3 (4): 177-184. doi:10.1111/j ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunosenescence

There, CRH and vasopressin act synergistically to stimulate the secretion of stored ACTH from corticotrope cells. ACTH is ... It comprises corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), released by the hypothalamus; adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), released ... associated with decreased glucocorticoid receptor gene methylation in the context of post-traumatic stress disorder stemming ... in immune cells, such as monocytes and neutrophils [8][9][11][12] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal_axis

This stems from society investing differences with cultural and social meaning. Gendered work patterns may make their marks on ... That as the body attempts to compensate for low iron levels by increasing red blood cell production in the young, sieve-like ... Unless evidence of bone healing or other factors are present, researchers may choose to regard all weathered fractures as post- ... and is constantly being made and re-made by both biological and cultural factors. Buikstra considers her work to be aligned ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioarchaeology

Analysis of histone modifications in embryonic stem cells (and other stem cells) revealed many gene promoters carrying both ... the sole cell cycle-regulated factor required for regulation of histone mRNA processing, at the end of S phase". Molecular and ... "A bivalent chromatin structure marks key developmental genes in embryonic stem cells". Cell. 125 (2): 315-26. doi:10.1016/j. ... they are not required in stem cells, but are rapidly required after differentiation into some lineages. Once the cell starts to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone_modification

Plant genome sequencing; epigenetics and stem cell fate; stem cell signaling; plant-environment interactions; using genetic ... Waga, S; Bauer, G; Stillman, B (April 1994). "Reconstitution of complete SV40 DNA replication with purified replication factors ... "Cell. 171 (3): 522-539.e20. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.08.032. ISSN 0092-8674.. ... Cell biology and genomics. RNA interference (RNAi) and small-RNA biology; DNA replication; RNA splicing; signal transduction; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_Spring_Harbor_Laboratory

Stem-cell therapy. *Tissue engineering. *Robot-assisted surgery. *Synthetic biology *Synthetic genomics ... and also by factors such as oil price spikes and the need for increased energy security. ... Syngas may be burned directly in internal combustion engines, turbines or high-temperature fuel cells.[27] The wood gas ... Electricity from wood through the combination of gasification and solid oxide fuel cells, Ph.D. Thesis by Florian Nagel, Swiss ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofuels

... and progenitor-cell development. Here we use a recently identified hemopoietic growth factor, stem-cell factor (SCF) (a form of ... Rat Stem-Cell Factor Induces Splenocytes Capable Of Regenerating The Thymus. Eugene S. Medlock,1 Russell T. Migita,1 Lisa D. ... Cytokine regulation of prethymic T-lymphoid progenitor-cell proliferation and/or differentiation has not been well-defined, ... thymocyte progenitor-cell activity. We show that recombinant rat SCF (rrSCF164 administered to weanling rats selectively ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jir/1992/078751/abs/

The Niche is a blog hosted by Nature Reports Stem Cells to provide an informal forum for debate and commentary on stem cell ... Stem cells, down to one factor. 28 Aug 2009 , 16:09 BST. , Posted by Monya Baker , Category: Reprogramming/Pluripotency ... The ability to make induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells using cells from specific patients could enable unprecedented new ways ... This produced reprogrammed cells that passed all standard tests of pluripotency.. The current study reprogrammed neural stem ...

http://blogs.nature.com/theniche/2009/08/stem_cells_down_to_one_factor.html

Stem Cell Factor Medication for Aplastic Anemia. The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the ... A Phase I/II Trial of Recombinant Methionyl Human Stem Cell Factor (r-metHuSCF) in Patients Diagnosed With Acquired Aplastic ... This trial, sponsored by Amgen, Inc., which produces the recombinant methionyl human stem cell factor (r-metHuSCF), also ... This trial, sponsored by Amgen, Inc., which produces the recombinant methionyl human stem cell factor (r-metHuSCF), also ...

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00001398?cond=%22Aplastic+anemia%22&rank=13

... and clinical studies in all areas of stem cell biology and applications. The journal will consider basic, translational, and ... Stem Cells International is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, ... "The cancer stem cell niche: how essential is the niche in regulating stemness of tumor cells?" Cell Stem Cell, vol. 16, no. 3, ... A. Kreso and J. E. Dick, "Evolution of the cancer stem cell model," Cell Stem Cell, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 275-291, 2014. View at ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/sci/2016/5285892/ref/

Stem cell factor (also known as SCF, KIT-ligand, KL, or steel factor) is a cytokine that binds to the c-KIT receptor (CD117). ... Rönnstrand L (2004). "Signal transduction via the stem cell factor receptor/c-Kit". Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 61 (19-20): 2535-48. ... Rönnstrand L (October 2004). "Signal transduction via the stem cell factor receptor/c-Kit". Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 61 (19-20): ... It is adjacent to stromal cells that secrete ligands, such as stem cell factor (SCF). ...

https://wikidoc.org/index.php/Stem_cell_factor

stem cell factor;. IL-3,. interleukin 3;. GM-CSF,. granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor;. wt,. wild type. ... After infection, cells were plated in triplicate in α-methylcellulose (Stem Cell Technologies) without growth factor (−), or ... Functional interaction of erythropoietin and stem cell factor receptors is essential for erythroid colony formation. Hong Wu, ... Previous studies suggested that stem cell factor (SCF), interleukin 3 (IL-3), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/94/5/1806?ijkey=b0fbbc1fae03056f300ce0cfb0e8e4e2a89d8c02&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

... cells, and their over-expression can induce pluripotency in both mouse and human somatic cells, indicating that these factors ... We further analyzed data from a recent study examining Yamanaka factors in mouse ES cells. Interestingly, this analysis also ... developmental signaling pathways to maintain the pluripotency of ES cells and probably also to induce pluripotent stem cells. ... Interestingly, when Oct4 and Sox2 were analyzed as core factors, Klf4 functioned to enhance the core factors for development ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/cr2008309?error=cookies_not_supported&code=2e6a8222-757d-49a1-8306-0f2aa1dd748c

Cellular responses to oxygen levels are monitored, in part, by the transcriptional activity of the hypoxia inducible factors ( ... Hypoxia inducible factors in cancer stem cells Br J Cancer. 2010 Mar 2;102(5):789-95. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605551. Epub 2010 ... Restricted oxygen conditions increase the CSC fraction and promote acquisition of a stem-like state. Cancer stem cells are ... These observations and those from normal stem cell biology provide a new mechanistic explanation for the contribution of ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20104230/?dopt=Abstract

Nodal protein processing and fibroblast growth factor 4 synergize to maintain a trophoblast stem cell microenvironment. Marcela ... Nodal protein processing and fibroblast growth factor 4 synergize to maintain a trophoblast stem cell microenvironment ... Nodal protein processing and fibroblast growth factor 4 synergize to maintain a trophoblast stem cell microenvironment ... Nodal protein processing and fibroblast growth factor 4 synergize to maintain a trophoblast stem cell microenvironment ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/101/44/15656?ijkey=3d67c441e8b2761d599d7406ce614df2676140af&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Stem cell factor (SCF) is a molecule with known proliferative effects on hematopoietic cells. More recent studies suggest that ... Stem cell factor restores hepatocyte proliferation in IL-6 knockout mice following 70% hepatectomy. ... Stem cell factor restores hepatocyte proliferation in IL-6 knockout mice following 70% hepatectomy. ... this molecule may also have effects on cellular differentiation and proliferation in other types of cells. The current ...

https://www.jci.org/articles/view/17391/figure/6

Cell. 2007 Nov 30;131(5):861-72. Research Support, Non-U.S. Govt ... Human iPS cells were similar to human embryonic stem (ES) cells ... Cell. 2007 Nov 30;131(5):861-72.. Induction of pluripotent stem cells from adult human fibroblasts by defined factors.. ... Induction of pluripotency: from mouse to human. [Cell. 2007]. *Induced pluripotent cells mimicking human embryonic stem cells. ... and disease-specific stem cells. We previously reported generation of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, capable of germline ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18035408?dopt=Abstract

OZON ??? ?????? ??????? Stem cell and growth factor delivery vehicles for cartilage repair ????????? LAP Lambert Academic ... Co-delivery of embedded growth factor-loaded microspheres and adult stem cells in a hydrogel matrix was studied for its ... Co-delivery of growth factor-loaded microspheres and human adipose stem cells in a gel matrix for cartilage repair ... in situ gel that was embedded with two formulations of growth factor-loaded microspheres and human adipose-derived stem cells ( ...

https://www.ozon.ru/context/detail/id/31900961/

Stem cell factor (also known as SCF, KIT-ligand, KL, or steel factor) is a cytokine that binds to the c-KIT receptor (CD117). ... Rönnstrand L (October 2004). "Signal transduction via the stem cell factor receptor/c-Kit". Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 61 (19-20): ... Rönnstrand L (2004). "Signal transduction via the stem cell factor receptor/c-Kit". Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 61 (19-20): 2535-48. ... SCF may serve as guidance cues that direct hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to their stem cell niche (the microenvironment in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cell_factor

2006) Embryonic stem cells assume a primitive neural stem cell fate in the absence of extrinsic influences. J Cell Biol 172:79- ... 2004) Primitive neural stem cells from the mammalian epiblast differentiate to definitive neural stem cells under the control ... Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Promotes Neural Stem Cell Self-Renewal in the Adult Brain. Sylvian Bauer and Paul H. Patterson ... 2003) Gene expression in human neural stem cells: effects of leukemia inhibitory factor. J Neurochem 86:179-195. ...

http://www.jneurosci.org/content/26/46/12089.long

... during and after stem cell transplantation. Three early acting (stem cell factor (SCF), Flt3 ligand (Flt3) and fetal antigen 1 ... On the other hand, none of the analyzed factors significantly predicted myeloid or erythroid recovery. These findings need to ... Three factors were identified as having a significant impact on platelet recovery. First, the level of Tpo in blood at the time ... CD34+ progenitor cells were measured by flow cytometry in the leukapheresis product used for transplantation in a subgroup of ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/1702554?error=cookies_not_supported&code=aff15eed-0de7-408f-a17e-507cf207388d

What is stem cell factor? Meaning of stem cell factor as a legal term. What does stem cell factor mean in law? ... Definition of stem cell factor in the Legal Dictionary - by Free online English dictionary and encyclopedia. ... Stem cell factor legal definition of stem cell factor https://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/stem+cell+factor ... LIF: leukemia inhibitory factor; SCF: stem cell factor; SDF-1: stromal cell-derived factor; BMP-4: bone morphogenetic protein 4 ...

https://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/stem+cell+factor

Stem cell niche and designs. (A) Soluble and matrix-bound factors combine with cell-cell contact, cell-matrix adhesion, and ... Growth factors added to culture or secreted by stem cells and nearby niche cells are often potent in their effects on cell fate ... Although growth factor regulation by matrix and cell force has yet to be reported for stem cells, developmentally critical cell ... In vivo, when stem cells egress from their niche into the circulation (24) or when stem cells are injected intravenously as ...

https://science.sciencemag.org/content/324/5935/1673?ijkey=d83f6128bf75af5e9f295d8aeb60c906ab67bbc6&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Factors regulating quiescent stem cells: insights from the intestine and other self-renewing tissues.. Richmond CA1, Shah MS1, ... Factors regulating quiescent stem cells: insights from the intestine and other self‐renewing tissues ... Long-lived and self-renewing adult stem cells (SCs) are essential for homeostasis in a wide range of tissues and can include ... The regulatory mechanisms underlying the quiescent state include factors essential for cell cycle control, stress response and ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26670741

... is due to the production of trophic and angiogenic factors by these cells, and one of the efforts to improve the therapeutic ... The signaling cascade responsible for the production of angiogenic factors by C3a or C5a could be defined as activation of the ... C3a caused significant up-regulation of various angiogenic factors, including VEGF, CXCL8/IL-8 and IL-6. In contrast there was ... Although C5a also caused moderate up-regulation of angiogenic factors, the effect was borderline significant. Furthermore the ...

https://www.scirp.org/Journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=35741

... cells. Little is known about factors that induce this reprogramming. Here, we demonstrate induction of pluripotent stem cells ... Differentiated cells can be reprogrammed to an embryonic-like state by transfer of nuclear contents into oocytes or by fusion ... Induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast cultures by defined factors Cell. 2006 Aug 25;126 ... These cells, which we designated iPS (induced pluripotent stem) cells, exhibit the morphology and growth properties of ES cells ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16904174/

Mast/stem cell growth factor recept.... Mast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit, SCFR, EC 2.7.10.1 (Proto-oncogene c-Kit) ( ... Mast/stem cell growth factor receptorUniRule annotation. Automatic assertion according to rulesi ... Mast/stem cell growth factor receptorUniRule annotation. Automatic assertion according to rulesi ... tr,F6YAJ6,F6YAJ6_CALJA Mast/stem cell growth factor receptor OS=Callithrix jacchus OX=9483 GN=KIT PE=3 SV=2 ...

https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/F6YAJ6

TET2 deficiency leads to stem cell factor-dependent clonal expansion of dysfunctional erythroid progenitors. Xiaoli Qu, Shijie ... TET2 deficiency leads to stem cell factor-dependent clonal expansion of dysfunctional erythroid progenitors. Blood, 132(22), ... Here, we show that TET2 deficiency leads initially to stem cell factor (SCF)-dependent hyperproliferation and impaired ... Tet2 loss leads to increased hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal and myeloid transformation. Cancer Cell. 2011;20(1):11-24. ...

http://www.bloodjournal.org/content/132/22/2406?ijkey=72719c84143a9d803424bd9cee6fd4aa192f74f7&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha&sso-checked=true

Californias Stem Cell Agency California Institute for Regenerative Medicine. * For Researchers * Funding Opportunities * All ... Transcription factor (TF) networks are a key determinant of cell fate decisions in mammalian development and adult tissue ... Recent technological advances, in particular large-scale genome-wide approaches, single-cell methodologies, live-cell imaging, ... Recent technological advances, in particular large-scale genome-wide approaches, single-cell methodologies, live-cell imaging, ...

https://www.cirm.ca.gov/node/142892/

Californias Stem Cell Agency California Institute for Regenerative Medicine. * For Researchers * Funding Opportunities * All ... Cultivating liver cells on printed arrays of hepatocyte growth factor.. Cultivating liver cells on printed arrays of hepatocyte ... Growth factors are commonly present in soluble form during in vitro cell cultivation experiments in order to provide signals ... An in vitro and in vivo comparison among three different human hepatic stem cell populations. ...

https://www.cirm.ca.gov/about-cirm/publications/cultivating-liver-cells-printed-arrays-hepatocyte-growth-factor

Cord blood is the youngest stem cells available for harvest. ... could be associated reliably with patient survival in stem cell ... Studies show younger donor age to be the only secondary factor that ... Stem cells from cord blood are among the youngest retrievable adult stem cells. Cord blood stem cells have not been exposed to ... Several factors are believed to inhibit the proper functioning of stem cells as the donor ages, making the young stem cells in ...

https://www.cryo-cell.com/stem-cell-insider/march-2018/stem-cell-age-major-factor-transplants

Abstract 18703: Novel MicroRNA 874 is a Unique Angiogenic Modulator of Stem Cell Paracrine Factor Epidermacan. Ying Zhang, ... Introduction: We have previously shown that treatment with epidermacan a novel stem cell derived paracrine factor promoted ... Abstract 18703: Novel MicroRNA 874 is a Unique Angiogenic Modulator of Stem Cell Paracrine Factor Epidermacan ... Abstract 18703: Novel MicroRNA 874 is a Unique Angiogenic Modulator of Stem Cell Paracrine Factor Epidermacan ...

http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/126/Suppl_21/A18703

... factor,in,stem,cells,may,spur,recovery,from,MS,biological,biology news articles,biology news today,latest biology news,current ... In animals injected with hepatocyte growth factor inflammation declin... The importance of this work is we think weve ... A substance in human mesenchymal stem cells that promotes growth appea...Their study is embargoed until published in the online ... Growth factor in stem cells may spur recovery from MS. ...A substance in human mesenchymal stem cells that promotes growth ...

http://www.bio-medicine.org/biology-news-1/Growth-factor-in-stem-cells-may-spur-recovery-from-MS-25042-1/

... factor-induced hematopoietic stem cell mobilization in human donors but do not predict the number of mobilized stem cells. In: ... factor-induced hematopoietic stem cell mobilization in human donors but do not predict the number of mobilized stem cells. Van ... factor-induced hematopoietic stem cell mobilization in human donors but do not predict the number of mobilized stem cells. / ... factor-induced hematopoietic stem cell mobilization in human donors but do not predict the number of mobilized stem cells. ...

https://www.rug.nl/research/portal/publications/proteolytic-enzyme-levels-are-increased-during-granulocyte-colonystimulating-factorinduced-hematopoietic-stem-cell-mobilization-in-human-donors-but-do-not-predict-the-number-of-mobilized-stem-cells

Flk1−/− primitive neural stem cells show less cell death than control Flk1+/+ primitive neural stem cells. To test whether the ... Embryonic stem cells assume a primitive neural stem cell fate in the absence of extrinsic influences. J Cell Biol 172:79-90. ... Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Directly Inhibits Primitive Neural Stem Cell Survival But Promotes Definitive Neural Stem ... Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Directly Inhibits Primitive Neural Stem Cell Survival But Promotes Definitive Neural Stem ...

http://www.jneurosci.org/content/26/25/6803

The differentiation of megakaryocytes from human pluripotent stem cells in vitro offers intriguing new perspectives for ... lessons for stem cell derivation and differentiation. Cell Stem Cell 20(1):18-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2016.12.004 ... Cell Stem Cell 9(2):144-155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2011.06.015 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar ... Human pluripotent stem cells Megakaryocytes Transcription factors Forward programming Transfusion medicine Electronic ...

https://link.springer.com/protocol/10.1007%2F978-1-4939-8585-2_10

Response Major

We recently got a paper out in Stem Cell Reports (something of a specialized version of Cell Reports) and I was quite surprised with the response that I received from colleagues. (sharedproteomics.com)

RESULTS: Computational analysis of 275 glioma samples from "The Cancer Genome Atlas" was used to identify the regulatory changes between low grade gliomas with little expression of MS, and high grade glioblastomas with high expression of MS. TF (transcription factor)-gene regulatory networks were constructed for each of the cohorts, and 5 major pathways and 118 transcription factors were identified as involved in the differential regulation of the networks. (refbase.net)

Anatomy55

Organisms12

Diseases10

Chemicals and Drugs78

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment51

Phenomena and Processes54

Disciplines and Occupations4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Socs1 binds to multiple signalling proteins and suppresses steel factor-dependent proliferation. (1/1661)

Increase of hematopoietic responses by triple or single helical conformer of an antitumor (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan preparation, Sonifilan, in cyclophosphamide-induced leukopenic mice. (2/1661)

Influence of monoclonal antiplatelet glycoprotein antibodies on in vitro human megakaryocyte colony formation and proplatelet formation. (3/1661)

Cytokine treatment or accessory cells are required to initiate engraftment of purified primitive human hematopoietic cells transplanted at limiting doses into NOD/SCID mice. (4/1661)

Comparative study of the in vitro behavior of cord blood subpopulations after short-term cytokine exposure. (5/1661)

Long-term culture of human CD34(+) progenitors with FLT3-ligand, thrombopoietin, and stem cell factor induces extensive amplification of a CD34(-)CD14(-) and a CD34(-)CD14(+) dendritic cell precursor. (6/1661)

Cellulose as an inert matrix for presenting cytokines to target cells: production and properties of a stem cell factor-cellulose-binding domain fusion protein. (7/1661)

A randomized phase 3 study of peripheral blood progenitor cell mobilization with stem cell factor and filgrastim in high-risk breast cancer patients. (8/1661)

Stem Cell Factor

Stem Cells

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit

Hematopoietic Stem Cells

Hematopoietic Cell Growth Factors

Embryonic Stem Cells

Stem Cell Transplantation

Adult Stem Cells

Cell Differentiation

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Pluripotent Stem Cells

Antigens, CD34

Interleukin-3

Bone Marrow Cells

Mast Cells

Stem Cell Niche

Cells, Cultured

Neural Stem Cells

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Colony-Forming Units Assay

Receptors, Colony-Stimulating Factor

Hematopoiesis

Cell Lineage

Multipotent Stem Cells

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation

Cell Division

Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor

Thrombopoietin

Mesenchymal Stromal Cells

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization

Erythroid Precursor Cells

Fetal Blood

Cell Proliferation

Cell Culture Techniques

Recombinant Proteins

Signal Transduction

Cell Separation

Mice, Inbred C57BL

Flow Cytometry

Bone Marrow

Stem Cell Research

Megakaryocytes

Culture Media, Serum-Free

Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor

Plant Stems

Mastocytosis

Fetal Stem Cells

Neoplastic Stem Cells

Antigens, CD

Erythropoietin

Cell Line

Melanocytes

Chymases

Cell Survival

Spermatogonia

Octamer Transcription Factor-3

Coculture Techniques

Interleukin-11

Tryptases

Proto-Oncogene Proteins

Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

RNA, Messenger

Leukapheresis

Mice, SCID

Transplantation, Autologous

Stromal Cells

Immunohistochemistry

Host Cell Factor C1

Erythropoiesis

Gene Expression

Cytokines

Regeneration

Interleukin-6

Cell Count

Drug Synergism

Embryo, Mammalian

Granulocytes

Bone Marrow Transplantation

Transcription Factors

Gene Expression Regulation