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Staphylococcus aureusStaphylococcusStaphylococcus epidermidisStaphylococcal InfectionsMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusStaphylococcus PhagesMethicillin ResistanceCoagulaseAnti-Bacterial AgentsMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMethicillinStaphylococcus haemolyticusOxacillinVancomycinStaphylococcal Protein ABacterial ProteinsStaphylococcal Skin InfectionsLysostaphinStaphylococcus lugdunensisBacteremiaNoseDNA, BacterialCross InfectionStaphylococcus hominisPneumonia, StaphylococcalLeukocidinsGram-Positive BacteriaDrug Resistance, MicrobialDrug Resistance, BacterialBiofilmsCarrier StatePenicillin ResistanceOxazolidinonesEndocarditis, BacterialMupirocinAcetamidesVancomycin ResistanceAnti-Infective AgentsDaptomycinBacterial ToxinsElectrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-FieldExotoxinsMastitis, BovineBacterial Typing TechniquesCommunity-Acquired InfectionsColony Count, MicrobialBacteriological TechniquesBacteriophage TypingBacteriaFusidic AcidCulture MediaTeicoplaninAbscessStaphylococcus saprophyticusExfoliatinsMicrococcusGenes, BacterialPenicillinsOsteomyelitisEnterotoxinsTeichoic AcidsNasal CavityStaphylococcal VaccinesVirulence FactorsPenicillin-Binding ProteinsHemolysin ProteinsCell WallNafcillinGene Expression Regulation, BacterialMolecular Sequence DataGram-Negative BacteriaBacterial AdhesionGentamicinsCloxacillinSoft Tissue InfectionsStaphylococcus hyicusDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialBacteriolysisPeptidoglycanMuramoylpentapeptide CarboxypeptidaseStaphylococcal Food PoisoningPeptidyl TransferasesSuperantigensMicrobial ViabilityBacterial InfectionsHexosyltransferasesEnterococcusClindamycinWound InfectionVirginiamycinVirulenceCephalosporinsCiprofloxacinProsthesis-Related InfectionsPenicillinaseMolecular TypingMastitisEquipment ContaminationPolymerase Chain ReactionAdhesins, BacterialStreptococcusDNA FingerprintingFluoroquinolonesErythromycinGram-Positive CocciAgarStaphylococcus intermediusGlycopeptidesBloodEscherichia coliGram-Positive Bacterial InfectionsAnti-Infective Agents, LocalSkin Diseases, InfectiousNovobiocinPhagocytosisAminoglycosidesCefazolinSequence Analysis, DNAAmino Acid SequenceArthritis, InfectiousEye Infections, BacterialNasal MucosaMilkChromosomes, BacterialMolecular EpidemiologyBase SequencePseudomonas aeruginosaPlasmidsLincosamidesRifampinSurgical Wound InfectionEnterococcus faecalisSpecies SpecificityRabbitsFood MicrobiologyN-Acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine AmidaseMutationPolysaccharides, BacterialTetracyclineCatheters, IndwellingGenotypeSepsisInfection ControlAminoacyltransferasesBacteria, AerobicPenicillin GDicloxacillinCefoxitinRNA, BacterialFurunculosisHospitalsTime FactorsImpetigoSkin Diseases, BacterialCephalothinMultilocus Sequence TypingOfloxacinbeta-LactamsFloxacillinPyodermaQuinolonesLincomycinNeutrophilsCattleCarrier ProteinsOpsonin ProteinsLivestockR FactorsBacterial LoadPhenotypeBlood Bactericidal ActivityMinocyclineLatex Fixation TestsCatheter-Related InfectionsSkinNaphthyridinesHospitals, AnimalDisk Diffusion Antimicrobial TestsGenome, BacterialEvaluation Studies as TopicHemolysisMacrolidesEndocarditisChromogenic CompoundsDisinfectantsPeritonitisSensitivity and SpecificityLactamsCluster AnalysisPhylogenyAza CompoundsEnterobacteriaceaeNorfloxacinEndophthalmitisCefamandoleMicrococcal NucleaseDNA Transposable ElementsInterspersed Repetitive SequencesDibekacinAntibodies, BacterialDisease Models, Animal
Staphylococcus aureus: Potentially pathogenic bacteria found in nasal membranes, skin, hair follicles, and perineum of warm-blooded animals. They may cause a wide range of infections and intoxications.Staphylococcus: A genus of gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic, coccoid bacteria. Its organisms occur singly, in pairs, and in tetrads and characteristically divide in more than one plane to form irregular clusters. Natural populations of Staphylococcus are found on the skin and mucous membranes of warm-blooded animals. Some species are opportunistic pathogens of humans and animals.Staphylococcus epidermidis: A species of STAPHYLOCOCCUS that is a spherical, non-motile, gram-positive, chemoorganotrophic, facultative anaerobe. Mainly found on the skin and mucous membrane of warm-blooded animals, it can be primary pathogen or secondary invader.Staphylococcal Infections: Infections with bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS.Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: A strain of Staphylococcus aureus that is non-susceptible to the action of METHICILLIN. The mechanism of resistance usually involves modification of normal or the presence of acquired PENICILLIN BINDING PROTEINS.Staphylococcus Phages: Viruses whose host is Staphylococcus.Methicillin Resistance: Non-susceptibility of a microbe to the action of METHICILLIN, a semi-synthetic penicillin derivative.Coagulase: Enzymes that cause coagulation in plasma by forming a complex with human PROTHROMBIN. Coagulases are produced by certain STAPHYLOCOCCUS and YERSINIA PESTIS. Staphylococci produce two types of coagulase: Staphylocoagulase, a free coagulase that produces true clotting of plasma, and Staphylococcal clumping factor, a bound coagulase in the cell wall that induces clumping of cells in the presence of fibrinogen.Anti-Bacterial Agents: Substances that reduce the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA.Microbial Sensitivity Tests: Any tests that demonstrate the relative efficacy of different chemotherapeutic agents against specific microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, fungi, viruses).Methicillin: One of the PENICILLINS which is resistant to PENICILLINASE but susceptible to a penicillin-binding protein. It is inactivated by gastric acid so administered by injection.Staphylococcus haemolyticus: A species of STAPHYLOCOCCUS found on the skin of humans (and non-human primates), often causing hospital-acquired infections (CROSS INFECTION).Oxacillin: An antibiotic similar to FLUCLOXACILLIN used in resistant staphylococci infections.Vancomycin: Antibacterial obtained from Streptomyces orientalis. It is a glycopeptide related to RISTOCETIN that inhibits bacterial cell wall assembly and is toxic to kidneys and the inner ear.Staphylococcal Protein A: A protein present in the cell wall of most Staphylococcus aureus strains. The protein selectively binds to the Fc region of human normal and myeloma-derived IMMUNOGLOBULIN G. It elicits antibody activity and may cause hypersensitivity reactions due to histamine release; has also been used as cell surface antigen marker and in the clinical assessment of B lymphocyte function.Bacterial Proteins: Proteins found in any species of bacterium.Staphylococcal Skin Infections: Infections to the skin caused by bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS.Lysostaphin: A 25-kDa peptidase produced by Staphylococcus simulans which cleaves a glycine-glcyine bond unique to an inter-peptide cross-bridge of the STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS cell wall. EC 3.4.24.75.Staphylococcus lugdunensis: A species of gram-positive bacteria in the family STAPHYLOCOCCACEAE. It is responsible for skin and soft-tissue infections among others, and is part of the normal human skin flora.Bacteremia: The presence of viable bacteria circulating in the blood. Fever, chills, tachycardia, and tachypnea are common acute manifestations of bacteremia. The majority of cases are seen in already hospitalized patients, most of whom have underlying diseases or procedures which render their bloodstreams susceptible to invasion.Nose: A part of the upper respiratory tract. It contains the organ of SMELL. The term includes the external nose, the nasal cavity, and the PARANASAL SINUSES.DNA, Bacterial: Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria.Cross Infection: Any infection which a patient contracts in a health-care institution.Staphylococcus hominis: A species of STAPHYLOCOCCUS similar to STAPHYLOCOCCUS HAEMOLYTICUS, but containing different esterases. The subspecies Staphylococcus hominis novobiosepticus is highly virulent and novobiocin resistant.Pneumonia, Staphylococcal: Pneumonia caused by infections with bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS, usually with STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS.Leukocidins: Pore forming proteins originally discovered for toxic activity to LEUKOCYTES. They are EXOTOXINS produced by some pathogenic STAPHYLOCOCCUS and STREPTOCOCCUS that destroy leukocytes by lysis of the cytoplasmic granules and are partially responsible for the pathogenicity of the organisms.Gram-Positive Bacteria: Bacteria which retain the crystal violet stain when treated by Gram's method.Drug Resistance, Microbial: The ability of microorganisms, especially bacteria, to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents, antimicrobial agents, or antibiotics. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS).Drug Resistance, Bacterial: The ability of bacteria to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents, antimicrobial agents, or antibiotics. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS).Biofilms: Encrustations, formed from microbes (bacteria, algae, fungi, plankton, or protozoa) embedding in extracellular polymers, that adhere to surfaces such as teeth (DENTAL DEPOSITS); PROSTHESES AND IMPLANTS; and catheters. Biofilms are prevented from forming by treating surfaces with DENTIFRICES; DISINFECTANTS; ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS; and antifouling agents.Carrier State: The condition of harboring an infective organism without manifesting symptoms of infection. The organism must be readily transmissible to another susceptible host.Penicillin Resistance: Nonsusceptibility of an organism to the action of penicillins.Oxazolidinones: Derivatives of oxazolidin-2-one. They represent an important class of synthetic antibiotic agents.Endocarditis, Bacterial: Inflammation of the ENDOCARDIUM caused by BACTERIA that entered the bloodstream. The strains of bacteria vary with predisposing factors, such as CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS; HEART VALVE DISEASES; HEART VALVE PROSTHESIS IMPLANTATION; or intravenous drug use.Mupirocin: A topically used antibiotic from a strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens. It has shown excellent activity against gram-positive staphylococci and streptococci. The antibiotic is used primarily for the treatment of primary and secondary skin disorders, nasal infections, and wound healing.Acetamides: Derivatives of acetamide that are used as solvents, as mild irritants, and in organic synthesis.Vancomycin Resistance: Nonsusceptibility of bacteria to the action of VANCOMYCIN, an inhibitor of cell wall synthesis.Anti-Infective Agents: Substances that prevent infectious agents or organisms from spreading or kill infectious agents in order to prevent the spread of infection.Daptomycin: A cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic that inhibits GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIA.Bacterial Toxins: Toxic substances formed in or elaborated by bacteria; they are usually proteins with high molecular weight and antigenicity; some are used as antibiotics and some to skin test for the presence of or susceptibility to certain diseases.Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field: Gel electrophoresis in which the direction of the electric field is changed periodically. This technique is similar to other electrophoretic methods normally used to separate double-stranded DNA molecules ranging in size up to tens of thousands of base-pairs. However, by alternating the electric field direction one is able to separate DNA molecules up to several million base-pairs in length.Exotoxins: Toxins produced, especially by bacterial or fungal cells, and released into the culture medium or environment.Mastitis, Bovine: INFLAMMATION of the UDDER in cows.Bacterial Typing Techniques: Procedures for identifying types and strains of bacteria. The most frequently employed typing systems are BACTERIOPHAGE TYPING and SEROTYPING as well as bacteriocin typing and biotyping.Community-Acquired Infections: Any infection acquired in the community, that is, contrasted with those acquired in a health care facility (CROSS INFECTION). An infection would be classified as community-acquired if the patient had not recently been in a health care facility or been in contact with someone who had been recently in a health care facility.Colony Count, Microbial: Enumeration by direct count of viable, isolated bacterial, archaeal, or fungal CELLS or SPORES capable of growth on solid CULTURE MEDIA. The method is used routinely by environmental microbiologists for quantifying organisms in AIR; FOOD; and WATER; by clinicians for measuring patients' microbial load; and in antimicrobial drug testing.Bacteriological Techniques: Techniques used in studying bacteria.Bacteriophage Typing: A technique of bacterial typing which differentiates between bacteria or strains of bacteria by their susceptibility to one or more bacteriophages.Bacteria: One of the three domains of life (the others being Eukarya and ARCHAEA), also called Eubacteria. They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. Bacteria can be classified by their response to OXYGEN: aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic; by the mode by which they obtain their energy: chemotrophy (via chemical reaction) or PHOTOTROPHY (via light reaction); for chemotrophs by their source of chemical energy: CHEMOLITHOTROPHY (from inorganic compounds) or chemoorganotrophy (from organic compounds); and by their source for CARBON; NITROGEN; etc.; HETEROTROPHY (from organic sources) or AUTOTROPHY (from CARBON DIOXIDE). They can also be classified by whether or not they stain (based on the structure of their CELL WALLS) with CRYSTAL VIOLET dye: gram-negative or gram-positive.Fusidic Acid: An antibiotic isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). It acts by inhibiting translocation during protein synthesis.Culture Media: Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.Teicoplanin: Glycopeptide antibiotic complex from Actinoplanes teichomyceticus active against gram-positive bacteria. It consists of five major components each with a different fatty acid moiety.Abscess: Accumulation of purulent material in tissues, organs, or circumscribed spaces, usually associated with signs of infection.Staphylococcus saprophyticus: A species of gram-positive bacteria in the family STAPHYLOCOCCACEAE. It commonly causes urinary tract infections in humans.Exfoliatins: Protein exotoxins from Staphylococcus aureus, phage type II, which cause epidermal necrolysis. They are proteins with a molecular weight of 26,000 to 32,000. They cause a condition variously called scaled skin, Lyell or Ritter syndrome, epidermal exfoliative disease, toxic epidermal necrolysis, etc.Micrococcus: A genus of gram-positive, spherical bacteria found in soils and fresh water, and frequently on the skin of man and other animals.Genes, Bacterial: The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA.Penicillins: A group of antibiotics that contain 6-aminopenicillanic acid with a side chain attached to the 6-amino group. The penicillin nucleus is the chief structural requirement for biological activity. The side-chain structure determines many of the antibacterial and pharmacological characteristics. (Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p1065)OsteomyelitisEnterotoxins: Substances that are toxic to the intestinal tract causing vomiting, diarrhea, etc.; most common enterotoxins are produced by bacteria.Teichoic Acids: Bacterial polysaccharides that are rich in phosphodiester linkages. They are the major components of the cell walls and membranes of many bacteria.Nasal Cavity: The proximal portion of the respiratory passages on either side of the NASAL SEPTUM. Nasal cavities, extending from the nares to the NASOPHARYNX, are lined with ciliated NASAL MUCOSA.Staphylococcal VaccinesVirulence Factors: Those components of an organism that determine its capacity to cause disease but are not required for its viability per se. Two classes have been characterized: TOXINS, BIOLOGICAL and surface adhesion molecules that effect the ability of the microorganism to invade and colonize a host. (From Davis et al., Microbiology, 4th ed. p486)Penicillin-Binding Proteins: Bacterial proteins that share the property of binding irreversibly to PENICILLINS and other ANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS derived from LACTAMS. The penicillin-binding proteins are primarily enzymes involved in CELL WALL biosynthesis including MURAMOYLPENTAPEPTIDE CARBOXYPEPTIDASE; PEPTIDE SYNTHASES; TRANSPEPTIDASES; and HEXOSYLTRANSFERASES.Hemolysin Proteins: Proteins from BACTERIA and FUNGI that are soluble enough to be secreted to target ERYTHROCYTES and insert into the membrane to form beta-barrel pores. Biosynthesis may be regulated by HEMOLYSIN FACTORS.Cell Wall: The outermost layer of a cell in most PLANTS; BACTERIA; FUNGI; and ALGAE. The cell wall is usually a rigid structure that lies external to the CELL MEMBRANE, and provides a protective barrier against physical or chemical agents.Nafcillin: A semi-synthetic antibiotic related to penicillin.Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial: Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in bacteria.Molecular Sequence Data: Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.Gram-Negative Bacteria: Bacteria which lose crystal violet stain but are stained pink when treated by Gram's method.Bacterial Adhesion: Physicochemical property of fimbriated (FIMBRIAE, BACTERIAL) and non-fimbriated bacteria of attaching to cells, tissue, and nonbiological surfaces. It is a factor in bacterial colonization and pathogenicity.Gentamicins: A complex of closely related aminoglycosides obtained from MICROMONOSPORA purpurea and related species. They are broad-spectrum antibiotics, but may cause ear and kidney damage. They act to inhibit PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS.Cloxacillin: A semi-synthetic antibiotic that is a chlorinated derivative of OXACILLIN.Soft Tissue Infections: Infections of non-skeletal tissue, i.e., exclusive of bone, ligaments, cartilage, and fibrous tissue. The concept is usually referred to as skin and soft tissue infections and usually subcutaneous and muscle tissue are involved. The predisposing factors in anaerobic infections are trauma, ischemia, and surgery. The organisms often derive from the fecal or oral flora, particularly in wounds associated with intestinal surgery, decubitus ulcer, and human bites. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1688)Staphylococcus hyicus: A species of gram-positive bacteria in the family STAPHYLOCOCCACEAE. It is an important opportunistic pathogen in swine.Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial: The ability of bacteria to resist or to become tolerant to several structurally and functionally distinct drugs simultaneously. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS).Bacteriolysis: Rupture of bacterial cells due to mechanical force, chemical action, or the lytic growth of BACTERIOPHAGES.PeptidoglycanMuramoylpentapeptide Carboxypeptidase: Enzyme which catalyzes the peptide cross-linking of nascent CELL WALL; PEPTIDOGLYCAN.Staphylococcal Food Poisoning: Poisoning by staphylococcal toxins present in contaminated food.Peptidyl Transferases: Acyltransferases that use AMINO ACYL TRNA as the amino acid donor in formation of a peptide bond. There are ribosomal and non-ribosomal peptidyltransferases.Superantigens: Microbial antigens that have in common an extremely potent activating effect on T-cells that bear a specific variable region. Superantigens cross-link the variable region with class II MHC proteins regardless of the peptide binding in the T-cell receptor's pocket. The result is a transient expansion and subsequent death and anergy of the T-cells with the appropriate variable regions.Microbial Viability: Ability of a microbe to survive under given conditions. This can also be related to a colony's ability to replicate.Bacterial Infections: Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified.Hexosyltransferases: Enzymes that catalyze the transfer of hexose groups. EC 2.4.1.-.Enterococcus: A genus of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria consisting of organisms causing variable hemolysis that are normal flora of the intestinal tract. Previously thought to be a member of the genus STREPTOCOCCUS, it is now recognized as a separate genus.Clindamycin: An antibacterial agent that is a semisynthetic analog of LINCOMYCIN.Wound Infection: Invasion of the site of trauma by pathogenic microorganisms.Virginiamycin: A cyclic polypeptide antibiotic complex from Streptomyces virginiae, S. loidensis, S. mitakaensis, S. pristina-spiralis, S. ostreogriseus, and others. It consists of 2 major components, VIRGINIAMYCIN FACTOR M1 and virginiamycin Factor S1. It is used to treat infections with gram-positive organisms and as a growth promoter in cattle, swine, and poultry.Virulence: The degree of pathogenicity within a group or species of microorganisms or viruses as indicated by case fatality rates and/or the ability of the organism to invade the tissues of the host. The pathogenic capacity of an organism is determined by its VIRULENCE FACTORS.Cephalosporins: A group of broad-spectrum antibiotics first isolated from the Mediterranean fungus ACREMONIUM. They contain the beta-lactam moiety thia-azabicyclo-octenecarboxylic acid also called 7-aminocephalosporanic acid.Ciprofloxacin: A broad-spectrum antimicrobial carboxyfluoroquinoline.Prosthesis-Related Infections: Infections resulting from the implantation of prosthetic devices. The infections may be acquired from intraoperative contamination (early) or hematogenously acquired from other sites (late).Penicillinase: A beta-lactamase preferentially cleaving penicillins. (Dorland, 28th ed) EC 3.5.2.-.Molecular Typing: Using MOLECULAR BIOLOGY techniques, such as DNA SEQUENCE ANALYSIS; PULSED-FIELD GEL ELECTROPHORESIS; and DNA FINGERPRINTING, to identify, classify, and compare organisms and their subtypes.Mastitis: INFLAMMATION of the BREAST, or MAMMARY GLAND.Equipment Contamination: The presence of an infectious agent on instruments, prostheses, or other inanimate articles.Polymerase Chain Reaction: In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.Adhesins, Bacterial: Cell-surface components or appendages of bacteria that facilitate adhesion (BACTERIAL ADHESION) to other cells or to inanimate surfaces. Most fimbriae (FIMBRIAE, BACTERIAL) of gram-negative bacteria function as adhesins, but in many cases it is a minor subunit protein at the tip of the fimbriae that is the actual adhesin. In gram-positive bacteria, a protein or polysaccharide surface layer serves as the specific adhesin. What is sometimes called polymeric adhesin (BIOFILMS) is distinct from protein adhesin.Streptococcus: A genus of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria whose organisms occur in pairs or chains. No endospores are produced. Many species exist as commensals or parasites on man or animals with some being highly pathogenic. A few species are saprophytes and occur in the natural environment.DNA Fingerprinting: A technique for identifying individuals of a species that is based on the uniqueness of their DNA sequence. Uniqueness is determined by identifying which combination of allelic variations occur in the individual at a statistically relevant number of different loci. In forensic studies, RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM of multiple, highly polymorphic VNTR LOCI or MICROSATELLITE REPEAT loci are analyzed. The number of loci used for the profile depends on the ALLELE FREQUENCY in the population.Fluoroquinolones: A group of QUINOLONES with at least one fluorine atom and a piperazinyl group.Erythromycin: A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.Gram-Positive Cocci: Coccus-shaped bacteria that retain the crystal violet stain when treated by Gram's method.Agar: A complex sulfated polymer of galactose units, extracted from Gelidium cartilagineum, Gracilaria confervoides, and related red algae. It is used as a gel in the preparation of solid culture media for microorganisms, as a bulk laxative, in making emulsions, and as a supporting medium for immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis.Staphylococcus intermedius: A species of gram-positive bacteria in the family STAPHYLOCOCCACEAE. It is a zoonotic organism and common commensal in dogs, but can cause disease in dogs and other animals. It also can be associated with human disease.Glycopeptides: Proteins which contain carbohydrate groups attached covalently to the polypeptide chain. The protein moiety is the predominant group with the carbohydrate making up only a small percentage of the total weight.Blood: The body fluid that circulates in the vascular system (BLOOD VESSELS). Whole blood includes PLASMA and BLOOD CELLS.Escherichia coli: A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections: Infections caused by bacteria that retain the crystal violet stain (positive) when treated by the gram-staining method.Anti-Infective Agents, Local: Substances used on humans and other animals that destroy harmful microorganisms or inhibit their activity. They are distinguished from DISINFECTANTS, which are used on inanimate objects.Skin Diseases, Infectious: Skin diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, parasites, or viruses.Novobiocin: An antibiotic compound derived from Streptomyces niveus. It has a chemical structure similar to coumarin. Novobiocin binds to DNA gyrase, and blocks adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p189)Phagocytosis: The engulfing and degradation of microorganisms; other cells that are dead, dying, or pathogenic; and foreign particles by phagocytic cells (PHAGOCYTES).Aminoglycosides: Glycosylated compounds in which there is an amino substituent on the glycoside. Some of them are clinically important ANTIBIOTICS.Cefazolin: A semisynthetic cephalosporin analog with broad-spectrum antibiotic action due to inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. It attains high serum levels and is excreted quickly via the urine.Sequence Analysis, DNA: A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.Amino Acid Sequence: The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.Arthritis, Infectious: Arthritis caused by BACTERIA; RICKETTSIA; MYCOPLASMA; VIRUSES; FUNGI; or PARASITES.Eye Infections, Bacterial: Infections in the inner or external eye caused by microorganisms belonging to several families of bacteria. Some of the more common genera found are Haemophilus, Neisseria, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Chlamydia.Nasal Mucosa: The mucous lining of the NASAL CAVITY, including lining of the nostril (vestibule) and the OLFACTORY MUCOSA. Nasal mucosa consists of ciliated cells, GOBLET CELLS, brush cells, small granule cells, basal cells (STEM CELLS) and glands containing both mucous and serous cells.Milk: The white liquid secreted by the mammary glands. It contains proteins, sugar, lipids, vitamins, and minerals.Chromosomes, Bacterial: Structures within the nucleus of bacterial cells consisting of or containing DNA, which carry genetic information essential to the cell.Molecular Epidemiology: The application of molecular biology to the answering of epidemiological questions. The examination of patterns of changes in DNA to implicate particular carcinogens and the use of molecular markers to predict which individuals are at highest risk for a disease are common examples.Base Sequence: The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.Pseudomonas aeruginosa: A species of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria commonly isolated from clinical specimens (wound, burn, and urinary tract infections). It is also found widely distributed in soil and water. P. aeruginosa is a major agent of nosocomial infection.Plasmids: Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.Lincosamides: A family of LINCOMYCIN-related glycosides that contain a pyrrolidine ring linked via an amide-bond to a pyranose moiety. Individual members of this family are defined by the arrangement of specific constituent groups on the lyncomycin molecule. Many lincosamides are ANTIBIOTICS produced by a variety STREPTOMYCES species.Rifampin: A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)Surgical Wound Infection: Infection occurring at the site of a surgical incision.Enterococcus faecalis: A species of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria commonly isolated from clinical specimens and the human intestinal tract. Most strains are nonhemolytic.Species Specificity: The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.Rabbits: The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.Food Microbiology: The presence of bacteria, viruses, and fungi in food and food products. This term is not restricted to pathogenic organisms: the presence of various non-pathogenic bacteria and fungi in cheeses and wines, for example, is included in this concept.N-Acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine Amidase: An autolytic enzyme bound to the surface of bacterial cell walls. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of the link between N-acetylmuramoyl residues and L-amino acid residues in certain cell wall glycopeptides, particularly peptidoglycan. EC 3.5.1.28.Mutation: Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.Polysaccharides, Bacterial: Polysaccharides found in bacteria and in capsules thereof.Tetracycline: A naphthacene antibiotic that inhibits AMINO ACYL TRNA binding during protein synthesis.Catheters, Indwelling: Catheters designed to be left within an organ or passage for an extended period of time.Genotype: The genetic constitution of the individual, comprising the ALLELES present at each GENETIC LOCUS.Sepsis: Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is associated with organ dysfunction distant from the site of infection, it is called severe sepsis. When sepsis is accompanied by HYPOTENSION despite adequate fluid infusion, it is called SEPTIC SHOCK.Infection Control: Programs of disease surveillance, generally within health care facilities, designed to investigate, prevent, and control the spread of infections and their causative microorganisms.Aminoacyltransferases: Enzymes that catalyze the transfer of an aminoacyl group from donor to acceptor resulting in the formation of an ester or amide linkage. EC 2.3.2.Bacteria, AerobicPenicillin G: A penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment of a variety of infections. It is effective against most gram-positive bacteria and against gram-negative cocci. It has also been used as an experimental convulsant because of its actions on GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID mediated synaptic transmission.Dicloxacillin: One of the PENICILLINS which is resistant to PENICILLINASE.Cefoxitin: A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic resistant to beta-lactamase.RNA, Bacterial: Ribonucleic acid in bacteria having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis.Furunculosis: A persistent skin infection marked by the presence of furuncles, often chronic and recurrent. In humans, the causative agent is various species of STAPHYLOCOCCUS. In salmonid fish (SALMONIDS), the pathogen is AEROMONAS SALMONICIDA.Hospitals: Institutions with an organized medical staff which provide medical care to patients.Time Factors: Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.Impetigo: A common superficial bacterial infection caused by STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS or group A beta-hemolytic streptococci. Characteristics include pustular lesions that rupture and discharge a thin, amber-colored fluid that dries and forms a crust. This condition is commonly located on the face, especially about the mouth and nose.Skin Diseases, Bacterial: Skin diseases caused by bacteria.Cephalothin: A cephalosporin antibiotic.Multilocus Sequence Typing: Direct nucleotide sequencing of gene fragments from multiple housekeeping genes for the purpose of phylogenetic analysis, organism identification, and typing of species, strain, serovar, or other distinguishable phylogenetic level.Ofloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent that inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA GYRASE, halting DNA REPLICATION.beta-Lactams: Four-membered cyclic AMIDES, best known for the PENICILLINS based on a bicyclo-thiazolidine, as well as the CEPHALOSPORINS based on a bicyclo-thiazine, and including monocyclic MONOBACTAMS. The BETA-LACTAMASES hydrolyze the beta lactam ring, accounting for BETA-LACTAM RESISTANCE of infective bacteria.Floxacillin: Antibiotic analog of CLOXACILLIN.Pyoderma: Any purulent skin disease (Dorland, 27th ed).Quinolones: A group of derivatives of naphthyridine carboxylic acid, quinoline carboxylic acid, or NALIDIXIC ACID.Lincomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces lincolnensis var. lincolnensis. It has been used in the treatment of staphylococcal, streptococcal, and Bacteroides fragilis infections.Neutrophils: Granular leukocytes having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes.Cattle: Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.Carrier Proteins: Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes.Opsonin Proteins: Proteins that bind to particles and cells to increase susceptibility to PHAGOCYTOSIS, especially ANTIBODIES bound to EPITOPES that attach to FC RECEPTORS. COMPLEMENT C3B may also participate.Livestock: Domesticated farm animals raised for home use or profit but excluding POULTRY. Typically livestock includes CATTLE; SHEEP; HORSES; SWINE; GOATS; and others.R Factors: A class of plasmids that transfer antibiotic resistance from one bacterium to another by conjugation.Bacterial Load: Measurable quantity of bacteria in an object, organism, or organism compartment.Phenotype: The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.Blood Bactericidal Activity: The natural bactericidal property of BLOOD due to normally occurring antibacterial substances such as beta lysin, leukin, etc. This activity needs to be distinguished from the bactericidal activity contained in a patient's serum as a result of antimicrobial therapy, which is measured by a SERUM BACTERICIDAL TEST.Minocycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog, having a 7-dimethylamino and lacking the 5 methyl and hydroxyl groups, which is effective against tetracycline-resistant STAPHYLOCOCCUS infections.Latex Fixation Tests: Passive agglutination tests in which antigen is adsorbed onto latex particles which then clump in the presence of antibody specific for the adsorbed antigen. (From Stedman, 26th ed)Catheter-Related Infections: Infections resulting from the use of catheters. Proper aseptic technique, site of catheter placement, material composition, and virulence of the organism are all factors that can influence possible infection.Skin: The outer covering of the body that protects it from the environment. It is composed of the DERMIS and the EPIDERMIS.NaphthyridinesHospitals, AnimalDisk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests: A method where a culturing surface inoculated with microbe is exposed to small disks containing known amounts of a chemical agent resulting in a zone of inhibition (usually in millimeters) of growth of the microbe corresponding to the susceptibility of the strain to the agent.Genome, Bacterial: The genetic complement of a BACTERIA as represented in its DNA.Evaluation Studies as Topic: Studies determining the effectiveness or value of processes, personnel, and equipment, or the material on conducting such studies. For drugs and devices, CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; DRUG EVALUATION; and DRUG EVALUATION, PRECLINICAL are available.Hemolysis: The destruction of ERYTHROCYTES by many different causal agents such as antibodies, bacteria, chemicals, temperature, and changes in tonicity.Macrolides: A group of often glycosylated macrocyclic compounds formed by chain extension of multiple PROPIONATES cyclized into a large (typically 12, 14, or 16)-membered lactone. Macrolides belong to the POLYKETIDES class of natural products, and many members exhibit ANTIBIOTIC properties.Endocarditis: Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart (ENDOCARDIUM), the continuous membrane lining the four chambers and HEART VALVES. It is often caused by microorganisms including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and rickettsiae. Left untreated, endocarditis can damage heart valves and become life-threatening.Chromogenic Compounds: Colorless, endogenous or exogenous pigment precursors that may be transformed by biological mechanisms into colored compounds; used in biochemical assays and in diagnosis as indicators, especially in the form of enzyme substrates. Synonym: chromogens (not to be confused with pigment-synthesizing bacteria also called chromogens).Disinfectants: Substances used on inanimate objects that destroy harmful microorganisms or inhibit their activity. Disinfectants are classed as complete, destroying SPORES as well as vegetative forms of microorganisms, or incomplete, destroying only vegetative forms of the organisms. They are distinguished from ANTISEPTICS, which are local anti-infective agents used on humans and other animals. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed)Peritonitis: INFLAMMATION of the PERITONEUM lining the ABDOMINAL CAVITY as the result of infectious, autoimmune, or chemical processes. Primary peritonitis is due to infection of the PERITONEAL CAVITY via hematogenous or lymphatic spread and without intra-abdominal source. Secondary peritonitis arises from the ABDOMINAL CAVITY itself through RUPTURE or ABSCESS of intra-abdominal organs.Sensitivity and Specificity: Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)Lactams: Cyclic AMIDES formed from aminocarboxylic acids by the elimination of water. Lactims are the enol forms of lactams.Cluster Analysis: A set of statistical methods used to group variables or observations into strongly inter-related subgroups. In epidemiology, it may be used to analyze a closely grouped series of events or cases of disease or other health-related phenomenon with well-defined distribution patterns in relation to time or place or both.Phylogeny: The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.Aza CompoundsEnterobacteriaceae: A family of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that do not form endospores. Its organisms are distributed worldwide with some being saprophytes and others being plant and animal parasites. Many species are of considerable economic importance due to their pathogenic effects on agriculture and livestock.Norfloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone (FLUOROQUINOLONES) with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA GYRASE.Endophthalmitis: Suppurative inflammation of the tissues of the internal structures of the eye frequently associated with an infection.Cefamandole: Semisynthetic wide-spectrum cephalosporin with prolonged action, probably due to beta-lactamase resistance. It is used also as the nafate.Micrococcal Nuclease: An enzyme that catalyzes the endonucleolytic cleavage to 3'-phosphomononucleotide and 3'-phospholigonucleotide end-products. It can cause hydrolysis of double- or single-stranded DNA or RNA. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 3.1.31.1.DNA Transposable Elements: Discrete segments of DNA which can excise and reintegrate to another site in the genome. Most are inactive, i.e., have not been found to exist outside the integrated state. DNA transposable elements include bacterial IS (insertion sequence) elements, Tn elements, the maize controlling elements Ac and Ds, Drosophila P, gypsy, and pogo elements, the human Tigger elements and the Tc and mariner elements which are found throughout the animal kingdom.Interspersed Repetitive Sequences: Copies of transposable elements interspersed throughout the genome, some of which are still active and often referred to as "jumping genes". There are two classes of interspersed repetitive elements. Class I elements (or RETROELEMENTS - such as retrotransposons, retroviruses, LONG INTERSPERSED NUCLEOTIDE ELEMENTS and SHORT INTERSPERSED NUCLEOTIDE ELEMENTS) transpose via reverse transcription of an RNA intermediate. Class II elements (or DNA TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS - such as transposons, Tn elements, insertion sequence elements and mobile gene cassettes of bacterial integrons) transpose directly from one site in the DNA to another.Dibekacin: Analog of KANAMYCIN with antitubercular as well as broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties.Antibodies, Bacterial: Immunoglobulins produced in a response to BACTERIAL ANTIGENS.Disease Models, Animal: Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

Effect of a staphylococcin on Neisseria gonorrhoeae. (1/3560)

Phage group 2 staphylococcal strain UT0002 contains a large 56S virulence plasmid with genes that code for both exfoliative toxin and a specific staphylococcin termed Bac R(1). Four penicillinase-producing strains and three penicillin-susceptible strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae were killed by Bac R(1). After 30 min of growth of the penicillin-resistant TR1 strain in 62.5 arbitrary units of Bac R(1) per ml, loss of viability was approximately 90%, and, after 5 h, an approximately 99.99% loss of viability was observed. Lysis did not accompany cell death, and 84% of the Bac R(1) added to the growth medium was adsorbed to the gonococcal cells. The extracellular supernatant fluid from a substrain of staphylococcal strain UT0002 cured of the plasmid for Bac R(1) production had no lethal effect on the gonococcal strains. Bac R(1) was also shown to have bactericidal activity against an L-form of N. meningitidis, indicating that the outer envelope of a neisserial cell is not needed for bacteriocin activity. Ten different normal human sera were unable to neutralize Bac R(1) activity. The bacteriocin lacks adsorption specificity. It binds to but does not kill Escherichia coli cells, indicating that the cell envelope of gram-negative organisms can provide protection against the staphylococcin.  (+info)

Prodigious substrate specificity of AAC(6')-APH(2"), an aminoglycoside antibiotic resistance determinant in enterococci and staphylococci. (2/3560)

BACKGROUND: High-level gentamicin resistance in enterococci and staphylococci is conferred by AAC(6')-APH(2"), an enzyme with 6'-N-acetyltransferase and 2"-O-phosphotransferase activities. The presence of this enzyme in pathogenic gram-positive bacteria prevents the successful use of gentamicin C and most other aminoglycosides as therapeutic agents. RESULTS: In an effort to understand the mechanism of aminoglycoside modification, we expressed AAC(6')-APH(2") in Bacillus subtilis. The purified enzyme is monomeric with a molecular mass of 57 kDa and displays both the expected aminoglycoside N-acetyltransferase and O-phosphotransferase activities. Structure-function analysis with various aminoglycosides substrates reveals an enzyme with broad specificity in both enzymatic activities, accounting for AAC(6')-APH(2")'s dramatic negative impact on clinical aminoglycoside therapy. Both lividomycin A and paromomycin, aminoglycosides lacking a 6'-amino group, were acetylated by AAC(6')-APH(2"). The infrared spectrum of the product of paromomycin acetylation yielded a signal consistent with O-acetylation. Mass spectral and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of the products of neomycin phosphorylation indicated that phosphoryl transfer occurred primarily at the 3'-OH of the 6-aminohexose ring A, and that some diphosphorylated material was also present with phosphates at the 3'-OH and the 3"'-OH of ring D, both unprecedented observations for this enzyme. Furthermore, the phosphorylation site of lividomycin A was determined to be the 5"-OH of the pentose ring C. CONCLUSIONS: The bifunctional AAC(6')-APH(2") has the capacity to inactivate virtually all clinically important aminoglycosides through N- and O-acetylation and phosphorylation of hydroxyl groups. The extremely broad substrate specificity of this enzyme will impact on future development of aminoglycosides and presents a significant challenge for antibiotic design.  (+info)

The staphylococcal transferrin-binding protein is a cell wall glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. (3/3560)

Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis possess a 42-kDa cell wall transferrin-binding protein (Tpn) which is involved in the acquisition of transferrin-bound iron. To characterize this protein further, cell wall fractions were subjected to two-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis blotted, and the N-terminus of Tpn was sequenced. Comparison of the first 20 amino acid residues of Tpn with the protein databases revealed a high degree of homology to the glycolytic enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). Analysis of staphylococcal cell wall fractions for GAPDH activity confirmed the presence of a functional enzyme which, like Tpn, is regulated by the availability of iron in the growth medium. To determine whether Tpn is responsible for this GAPDH activity, it was affinity purified with NAD+ agarose. Both S. epidermidis and S. aureus Tpn catalyzed the conversion of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to 1,3-diphosphoglycerate. In contrast, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, which lacks a Tpn, has no cell wall-associated GAPDH activity. Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the affinity-purified Tpn revealed that it was present in the cell wall as a tetramer, consistent with the structures of all known cytoplasmic GAPDHs. Furthermore, the affinity-purified Tpn retained its ability to bind human transferrin both in its native tetrameric and SDS-denatured monomeric forms. Apart from interacting with human transferrin, Tpn, in common with the group A streptococcal cell wall GAPDH, binds human plasmin. Tpn-bound plasmin is enzymatically active and therefore may contribute to the ability of staphylococci to penetrate tissues during infections. These studies demonstrate that the staphylococcal transferrin receptor protein, Tpn, is a multifunctional cell wall GAPDH.  (+info)

Molecular characterization of the nitrite-reducing system of Staphylococcus carnosus. (4/3560)

Characterization of a nitrite reductase-negative Staphylococcus carnosus Tn917 mutant led to the identification of the nir operon, which encodes NirBD, the dissimilatory NADH-dependent nitrite reductase; SirA, the putative oxidase and chelatase, and SirB, the uroporphyrinogen III methylase, both of which are necessary for biosynthesis of the siroheme prosthetic group; and NirR, which revealed no convincing similarity to proteins with known functions. We suggest that NirR is essential for nir promoter activity. In the absence of NirR, a weak promoter upstream of sirA seems to drive transcription of sirA, nirB, nirD, and sirB in the stationary-growth phase. In primer extension experiments one predominant and several weaker transcription start sites were identified in the nir promoter region. Northern blot analyses indicated that anaerobiosis and nitrite are induction factors of the nir operon: cells grown aerobically with nitrite revealed small amounts of full-length transcript whereas cells grown anaerobically with or without nitrite showed large amounts of full-length transcript. Although a transcript is detectable, no nitrite reduction occurs in cells grown aerobically with nitrite, indicating an additional oxygen-controlled step at the level of translation, enzyme folding, assembly, or insertion of prosthetic groups. The nitrite-reducing activity expressed during anaerobiosis is switched off reversibly when the oxygen tension increases, most likely due to competition for electrons with the aerobic respiratory chain. Another gene, nirC, is located upstream of the nir operon. nirC encodes a putative integral membrane-spanning protein of unknown function. A nirC mutant showed no distinct phenotype.  (+info)

Changing susceptibilities of coagulase-negative staphylococci to teicoplanin in a teaching hospital. (5/3560)

The susceptibility of two collections of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) isolated from clinical specimens for teicoplanin and vancomycin were compared. They comprised 91 and 101 isolates, collected in 1985 and 1994 respectively, from different departments of a teaching hospital. MICs of vancomycin and teicoplanin were determined by a modified Etest method. Additionally, a disc diffusion test was performed for teicoplanin. All isolates were susceptible to vancomycin (MIC < or = 4 mg/L). Two of the 91 isolates collected in 1985 were intermediate to teicoplanin (MIC between 8 and 32 mg/L), whereas in 1994 the number of intermediate isolates was 20 out of 101 (P < 0.01). The correlation between MICs, as determined by the modified Etest assay, and disc diffusion zones was poor (r = -0.35). Results show that resistance to teicoplanin in CNS has increased in the study hospital over a period of 9 years. This increase is likely to be correlated with the introduction of teicoplanin. Furthermore, a disc diffusion method does not appear to be the first method of choice for detection of strains of CNS with diminished susceptibility to teicoplanin.  (+info)

Evidence for nasal carriage of methicillin-resistant staphylococci colonizing intravascular devices. (6/3560)

Nasal surveillance cultures were performed for 54 patients exhibiting >/=10(3) CFU of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci per ml in central venous catheter (CVC) rinse cultures over a 6-month period. Forty-two of the nasal cultures yielded growth of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci, and 33 of the 42 cultures contained organisms that belonged to the same species as the CVC isolates. Of the 33 same-species isolates, 20 appeared to be identical strains by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis. These data suggest that measures should be taken to reduce cross-contamination between the respiratory tract and intravascular devices. However, the potential interest in detecting methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococcus carriage in high-risk patients is hampered by the lack of sensitivity of nasal surveillance cultures.  (+info)

Penicillin-binding protein-mediated resistance in pneumococci and staphylococci. (7/3560)

Target alteration underlies resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics in both Staphylococcus species and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The penicillin-binding protein (PBP) targets in penicillin-resistant strains of S. pneumoniae are modified, low-binding-affinity versions of the native PBPs. Multiple PBP targets may be modified by transformation and homologous recombination with DNA from PBP genes of viridans streptococci. The level of resistance is determined by how many and to what extent targets are modified. In contrast, methicillin resistance in staphylococci is due to expression of PBP 2a, a novel, low-affinity PBP for which there is no homologue in methicillin-susceptible strains. PBP 2a is encoded by mecA, a highly conserved gene most likely acquired by a rare transposition from Staphylococcus sciuri or a closely related ancestor. Expression of resistance can be highly variable, but this seems not to be determined by PBP modifications. Several non-PBP factors are required for high-level resistance.  (+info)

Preparation of labeled staphylococcal enterotoxin A with high specific activity. (8/3560)

Staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) was labeled by the chloramine-T method with 125I to a specific activity of 68 to 300 muCi per mug of SEA and with 131I to specific activity of 8 to 218 muCi per mug of SEA. SEA was partially damaged and aggregated during the labeling and storage. The damage seemed not to be greatly dependent on the specific activity of labeled entertoxin. Crossed immunoelectrophoresis showed two antigenically active and three inactive components in the ascending part of the labeled enterotoxin peak during fractionation by gel chromatography. During storage at 4 degrees C, the antigenic activity of label decreased faster when labeling had been with 131I than when with 125I. The antigenic activity of labeled SEA was lowered remarkably in the ascending part of the protein peak. Greatest release of radioiodine during storage was in the same part of protein peak. According to these results, the most suitable label for radioimmunoassay is obtained from the descending part of protein peak.  (+info)

Staphylococcus cohnii - WikipediaStaphylococcus cohnii - Wikipedia
Staphylococcus cohnii is a Gram-positive, coagulase-negative member of the bacterial genus Staphylococcus consisting of clustered cocci. The species commonly lives on human skin; clinical isolates have shown high levels of antibiotic resistance. A strain of S. cohnii was found to contain a mobile genetic element very similar to the staphylococcal cassette chromosome encoding methicillin resistance element seen in Staphylococcus aureus. Garza-Gonz Lez, E; Morfin-Otero, R; Mart Nez-V; Zquez, MA; Gonzalez-Diaz, E; Gonz Lez-Santiago, O; Rodr Guez-Noriega, E (December 2011). "Microbiological and molecular characterization of human clinical isolates of Staphylococcus cohnii, Staphylococcus hominis, and Staphylococcus sciuri". Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases. 43 (11-12): 930-6. doi:10.3109/00365548.2011.598873. PMID 21851333. Zong, Zhiyong; Lü, Xiaoju; DeLeo, Frank R. (17 November 2010). "Characterization of a New SCCmec Element in Staphylococcus cohnii". PLoS ONE. 5 (11): e14016. ...
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della SardegnaIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna
Salmonella abortus ovis; Salmonella blockley; Salmonella gallinarum - pullorum; Salmonella spp; Salmonella wentworth; Sarcocystis spp; Serratia liquefaciens; Serratia marcescens; Serratia spp; Shewanella putrefaciens; Shewanella spp; Shigella flexneri; Shigella spp; Sordaria fimicola; Stafilococco coagulasi negativo; Stafilococco coagulasi positivo; Stafilococcus lentus; Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus aureus subsp. anaerobius; Staphylococcus auricularis; Staphylococcus capitis; Staphylococcus caprae; Staphylococcus chromogenes; Staphylococcus cohnii ssp cohnii ; Staphylococcus epidermidis; Staphylococcus equorum; Staphylococcus equorum sub. equorum; Staphylococcus haemolyticus; Staphylococcus hominis; Staphylococcus hyicus; Staphylococcus intermedius; Staphylococcus saprophyticus ; Staphylococcus schleiferi ; Staphylococcus sciuri; Staphylococcus simulans; Staphylococcus spp; Staphylococcus warneri; Staphylococcus xylosus; Stenotrophomonas maltophilia; Streptococco beta-emolitico; ...
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della SardegnaIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna
Salmonella abortus ovis; Salmonella blockley; Salmonella gallinarum - pullorum; Salmonella spp; Salmonella wentworth; Sarcocystis spp; Serratia liquefaciens; Serratia marcescens; Serratia spp; Shewanella putrefaciens; Shewanella spp; Shigella flexneri; Shigella spp; Sordaria fimicola; Stafilococco coagulasi negativo; Stafilococco coagulasi positivo; Stafilococcus lentus; Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus aureus subsp. anaerobius; Staphylococcus auricularis; Staphylococcus capitis; Staphylococcus caprae; Staphylococcus chromogenes; Staphylococcus cohnii ssp cohnii ; Staphylococcus epidermidis; Staphylococcus equorum; Staphylococcus equorum sub. equorum; Staphylococcus haemolyticus; Staphylococcus hominis; Staphylococcus hyicus; Staphylococcus intermedius; Staphylococcus saprophyticus ; Staphylococcus schleiferi ; Staphylococcus sciuri; Staphylococcus simulans; Staphylococcus spp; Staphylococcus warneri; Staphylococcus xylosus; Stenotrophomonas maltophilia; Streptococco beta-emolitico; ...
Staphylococcus capitis - definition of Staphylococcus capitis by The Free DictionaryStaphylococcus capitis - definition of Staphylococcus capitis by The Free Dictionary
Define Staphylococcus capitis. Staphylococcus capitis synonyms, Staphylococcus capitis pronunciation, Staphylococcus capitis translation, English dictionary definition of Staphylococcus capitis. n. pl. staph·y·lo·coc·ci Any of various spherical gram-positive parasitic bacteria of the genus Staphylococcus that usually occur in grapelike clusters and...
Staphylococcus sciuri - WikipediaStaphylococcus sciuri - Wikipedia
Staphylococcus sciuri is a Gram-positive, oxidase-positive, coagulase-negative member of the bacterial genus Staphylococcus consisting of clustered cocci. The type subspecies S. sciuri subsp. sciuri was originally used to categorize 35 strains shown to use cellobiose, galactose, sucrose, and glycerol. Kloos, W. E.; Schliefer, K. H.; Smith R. F. (1 January 1976). "Characterization of Staphylococcus sciuri sp.nov. and its Subspecies". International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 26 (1): 22-37. doi:10.1099/00207713-26-1-22. Nemeghaire, Stéphanie; Argudín, M. Ángeles; Feßler, Andrea T.; Hauschild, Tomasz; Schwarz, Stefan; Butaye, Patrick (16 July 2014). "The ecological importance of the Staphylococcus sciuri species group as a reservoir for resistance and virulence genes". Veterinary Microbiology. 171 (3-4): 342-356. doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.02.005. Retrieved 4 November 2014. Type strain of Staphylococcus sciuri at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity ...
Staphylococcus warneri, coccoid prokaryote, SEM - Stock Image F017/4255 - Science Photo LibraryStaphylococcus warneri, coccoid prokaryote, SEM - Stock Image F017/4255 - Science Photo Library
Coloured scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of Staphylococcus warneri, coccoid, Gram-positive prokaryote. Staphylococcus warneri is a common commensal bacterium found on the skin of humans and animals. It is a coagulase-negative Staphylococcus sp. that rarely causes disease but it may cause infection in immunocompromised patients. It occasionally has been associated with cases of septicaemia and bacteraemia. Staphylococcus warneri is sensitive to the antibiotic, vancomycin. Magnification: x6,000 when shortest axis printed at 25 millimetres. - Stock Image F017/4255
Direct repeat unit (dru) typing and antimicrobial resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolated...Direct repeat unit (dru) typing and antimicrobial resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolated...
There are few reports investigating the characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) in dogs in Canada and none from Atlantic Canada. The objectives of this study were to strain type MRSP isolates cultured at a regional diagnostic laboratory using direct repeat unit (dru) typing and to describe their antimicrobial resistance profiles. Ninety-four isolates recovered from dogs between 2010 and 2012 had dru typing, cluster analysis, and antimicrobial Show moreThere are few reports investigating the characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) in dogs in Canada and none from Atlantic Canada. The objectives of this study were to strain type MRSP isolates cultured at a regional diagnostic laboratory using direct repeat unit (dru) typing and to describe their antimicrobial resistance profiles. Ninety-four isolates recovered from dogs between 2010 and 2012 had dru typing, cluster analysis, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing ...
Staphylococcus capitis isolated from prosthetic joint infectionsStaphylococcus capitis isolated from prosthetic joint infections
Staphylococci constitute a major part of our commensal flora but are also the most common bacteria causing prosthetic joint infections (PJIs), a dreaded complication of arthroplasty surgery. However, not all staphylococci are the same. The virulent Staphylococcus aureus has the ability to cause severe disease such as bacteremia and infective endocarditis in previously healthy people, while the coagulase-negative staphylococci Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus capitis rarely act as pathogens unless the patient is immunocompromised or has an implanted medical device, such as a prosthetic joint. This thesis accordingly explores similarities and differences between these three staphylococci in PJIs.. S. capitis can cause early postinterventional and chronic PJIs, a finding that has not previously been described. Furthermore, its nosocomial NRCS-A outbreak sublineage, recently observed in neonatal intensive care units, is also present in adult PJIs. When comparing nasal and PJI isolates, ...
Staphylococcus aureus</I> and Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci: Virulence, Antimicrobial Resistance and Molecular...Staphylococcus aureus</I> and Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci: Virulence, Antimicrobial Resistance and Molecular...
The book covers updated topics on the genus Staphylococcus, including the latest discoveries. In each chapter, the author discusses the results obtained and published during her more than 20 years as a researcher in this area. The book is divided into eight chapters, with a presentation of the genus Staphylococcus, current classification, general characteristics of these bacteria and the clinical significance of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), which are often classified as mere blood culture contaminants, but are the etiological agents most commonly associated with neonatal infections and peritonitis in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Coagulase-negative staphylococci can colonize the surface of catheters and produce an extracellular polysaccharide that leads to the formation of biofilms which potentiate their pathogenicity. The book also focuses on the identification of CoNS, virulence factors responsible for the symptoms and severity of infections caused by Staphylococcus spp. ...
Staphylococcus warneri lipase 2 Summary Report | CureHunterStaphylococcus warneri lipase 2 Summary Report | CureHunter
Staphylococcus warneri lipase 2: A gene encoding an extracellular lipase was identified in Staphylococcus warneri 863; amino acid sequence in first source
Recombinant Staphylococcus capitis subsp. capitis (strain: AYP1020, sub-species: capitis) AYP1020 RS03160 protein, His-tagged...Recombinant Staphylococcus capitis subsp. capitis (strain: AYP1020, sub-species: capitis) AYP1020 RS03160 protein, His-tagged...
Purified Recombinant Staphylococcus capitis subsp. capitis (strain: AYP1020, sub-species: capitis) AYP1020_RS03160 protein, His-tagged from Creative Biomart. Recombinant Staphylococcus capitis subsp. capitis (strain: AYP1020, sub-species: capitis) AYP1020_RS03160 protein, His-tagged can be used for research.
Recombinant Staphylococcus capitis subsp. capitis (strain: AYP1020, sub-species: capitis) AYP1020 RS00520 protein, His-tagged...Recombinant Staphylococcus capitis subsp. capitis (strain: AYP1020, sub-species: capitis) AYP1020 RS00520 protein, His-tagged...
Purified Recombinant Staphylococcus capitis subsp. capitis (strain: AYP1020, sub-species: capitis) AYP1020_RS00520 protein, His-tagged from Creative Biomart. Recombinant Staphylococcus capitis subsp. capitis (strain: AYP1020, sub-species: capitis) AYP1020_RS00520 protein, His-tagged can be used for research.
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in Rats - Volume 19, Number 1-January 2013 - Emerging Infectious Disease...Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in Rats - Volume 19, Number 1-January 2013 - Emerging Infectious Disease...
To the Editor: Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is a coagulase-positive species in the S. intermedius group. Previously misidentified as S. intermedius, S. pseudintermedius is now recognized as a leading cause of opportunistic infection in dogs (1) and a cause of sporadic infections in other species, including humans (1,2). Additionally, evidence of zoonotic transmission of S. pseudintermedius from dogs to humans has been reported (3,4). Although information regarding the pathogenic process of S. pseudintermedius is limited, the bacterium is known to possess virulence factors similar to those found in S. aureus, including a leukotoxin comparable to the Panton-Valentine leukocidase associated with community-acquired S. aureus infection (1).. Of concern is the emergence and widespread international recognition of methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) (1). One veterinary laboratory noted a 272% increase in MRSP cases from 2007-2008 through 2010-2011 (5). As with methicillin-resistant S. ...
A novel hybrid SCCmec-mecC region in Staphylococcus sciuriA novel hybrid SCCmec-mecC region in Staphylococcus sciuri
Methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus spp. results from the expression of an alternative penicillin-binding protein 2a (encoded by mecA) with a low affinity for β-lactam antibiotics. Recently, a novel variant of mecA known as mecC (formerly mecALGA251) was identified in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from both humans and animals. In this study, we identified two Staphylococcus sciuri subsp. carnaticus isolates from bovine infections that harbour three different mecA homologues: mecA, mecA1 and mecC ...
PHAGE FORMATION IN STAPHYLOCOCCUS MUSCAE CULTURES | JGPPHAGE FORMATION IN STAPHYLOCOCCUS MUSCAE CULTURES | JGP
1. Experiments carried out in Fildes synthetic medium show that there is a competition between the host and virus for a substance present in acid-hydrolyzed casein. This substance appears to be essential for the multiplication of the virus but not for the host.. ...
Sharing More than Friendship - Nasal Colonization with Coagulase-Positive Staphylococci CPS and Co-Habitation Aspects of Dogs...Sharing More than Friendship - Nasal Colonization with Coagulase-Positive Staphylococci CPS and Co-Habitation Aspects of Dogs...
Sharing More than Friendship - Nasal Colonization with Coagulase-Positive Staphylococci CPS and Co-Habitation Aspects of Dogs and Their Owners. . Biblioteca virtual para leer y descargar libros, documentos, trabajos y tesis universitarias en PDF. Material universiario, documentación y tareas realizadas por universitarios en nuestra biblioteca. Para descargar gratis y para leer online.
Species: Staphylococcus warneriSpecies: Staphylococcus warneri
Name: Staphylococcus warneri Kloos and Schleifer 1975 (Approved Lists 1980). Category: Species. Proposed as: sp. nov.. Etymology: N.L. gen. masc. n. warneri, of Warner, named for Arthur Warner, from whom this organism was originally isolated Type strains: ATCC 27836; CCUG 7325; CIP 81.65; DSM 20316; JCM 2415; LMG 13354; NCTC 11044; NRRL B-14736 See detailed strain information at ...
Prevalence of Toxigenic and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococci in Poultry Chain Production | Journal of Advanced...Prevalence of Toxigenic and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococci in Poultry Chain Production | Journal of Advanced...
Staphylococci are a worldwide cause of human and animal infection and are considered to be of the most common causes of infections in birds. Enterotoxins produced by some staphylococcal species were recognized as a causative agent of staphylococcal food poisoning (SFP). Only enterotoxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus were as yet well characterized. Much less is known about enterotoxigenic potential of coagulase-negative species of genus Staphylococcus (CNS). It has been reported that enterotoxigenic CNS strains have been associated with human and animal infections and food poisoning. Samples collected from chicken production cycle (un hatched eggs, baby chicks, broilers, chicken meat and table eggs) in Luxor, Egypt were tested to investigate the presence of Staphylococcus species and detection of their enterotoxines genes with more special attention for detection of methicillin resistance gene (mec A). Samples were tested for S. aureus and CNS on the basis of cultural and biochemical ...
Macrophage binding of staphylococcus albus is blocked by anti i-region by J Stewart, E J. Glass et al."Macrophage binding of staphylococcus albus is blocked by anti i-region" by J Stewart, E J. Glass et al.
Stewart, J; Glass, E J.; and Weir, D M., "Macrophage binding of staphylococcus albus is blocked by anti i-region alloantibody." (1982). Subject Strain Bibliography 1982. 4410 ...
Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, SEM - Stock Image C023/9968 - Science Photo LibraryStaphylococcus pseudintermedius, SEM - Stock Image C023/9968 - Science Photo Library
Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. Coloured scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius bacteria. These Gram-positive cocci (spherical bacteria) are found on the skin of domestic dogs and cats but rarely infects humans. It is resistant to almost all antibiotics. Magnification: x1330 when printed 10 centimetres wide. - Stock Image C023/9968
A novel approach to eliminate detection of contaminating Staphylococcal species introduced during clinical testingA novel approach to eliminate detection of contaminating Staphylococcal species introduced during clinical testing
We describe here a strategy that can distinguish between Staphylococcus species truly present in a clinical sample from contaminating Staphylococcus species introduced during the testing process. Contaminating Staphylococcus species are present at low levels in PCR reagents and colonize lab personnel. To eliminate detection of contaminants, we describe an approach that utilizes addition of sufficient quantities of either non-target Staphylococcal cells (Staphylococcus succinus or Staphylococcus muscae) or synthetic oligonucleotide templates to helicase dependent isothermal amplification reactions to consume Staphylococcus-specific tuf and mecA gene primers such that contaminating Staphylococcus amplification is suppressed to below assay limits of detection. The suppressor template DNA is designed with perfect homology to the primers used in the assay but an internal sequence that is unrelated to the Staphylococcal species targeted for detection. Input amount of the suppressor is determined by a
Risk factors for oxacillin/methicillin resistance in coagulase-negative staphylococci. - Nuffield Department of MedicineRisk factors for oxacillin/methicillin resistance in coagulase-negative staphylococci. - Nuffield Department of Medicine
The clinical variables associated with isolation of oxacillin- and methicillin-resistant, coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) from blood cultures of hospitalized patients were studied. One hundred CNS strains (49 oxacillin-susceptible; 51 oxacillin-resistant) isolated consecutively from one of two or more sets of blood cultures were collected. Only two variables were independently associated with recovery of oxacillin/methicillin-resistant strains by a multivariate analysis: length of hospital stay | 10 days (OR 5.2, 95% CI = 1.7-15.7), and administration of antimicrobial agents in the previous 14 days (OR 4.5, 95% CI = 1.7-11.7). Analysis of the antibiotics administered indicated that only beta-lactams were associated with a statistically significant risk of resistance to oxacillin/methicillin (OR of beta-lactams vs no antibiotics = 6.94, 95% CI = 1.9-25.3; OR of non-beta-lactams vs no antibiotics = 2.64, 95% CI = 0.8-8.3). Length of hospital stay (especially | 10 days) and prior administration of
Domain combinations for YppE-like superfamily in Staphylococcus carnosus subsp. carnosus TM300Domain combinations for YppE-like superfamily in Staphylococcus carnosus subsp. carnosus TM300
Domain combinations containing the YppE-like superfamily in Staphylococcus carnosus subsp. carnosus TM300. Domain architectures illustrate each occurrence of the YppE-like superfamily.
Risk factors for oxacillin/methicillin resistance in coagulase-negative staphylococci. - ORA - Oxford University Research...Risk factors for oxacillin/methicillin resistance in coagulase-negative staphylococci. - ORA - Oxford University Research...
The clinical variables associated with isolation of oxacillin- and methicillin-resistant, coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) from blood cultures of hospitalized patients were studied. One hundred CNS strains (49 oxacillin-susceptible; 51 oxacillin-resistant) isolated consecutively from one of
Staphylococcus xylosus Schleifer and Kloos ATCC ® 29971™Staphylococcus xylosus Schleifer and Kloos ATCC ® 29971™
Staphylococcus xylosus ATCC ® 29971™ Designation: KL 162 TypeStrain=True Application: Media testing Quality control strain Food testing
Staphylococcus xylosus Schleifer and Kloos ATCC ® 29971™Staphylococcus xylosus Schleifer and Kloos ATCC ® 29971™
Staphylococcus xylosus ATCC ® 29971™ Designation: KL 162 TypeStrain=True Application: Media testing Quality control strain Food testing
Structural Comparison of Three Types of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec Integrated in the Chromosome in Methicillin...Structural Comparison of Three Types of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec Integrated in the Chromosome in Methicillin...
We have shown that there are at least three distinct types of SCCmec in the chromosome of MRSA worldwide. SCCmec was defined as the DNA element on the MRSA chromosome demarcated by a pair of direct repeats and inverted repeats, havingccr genes required for its movement and carrying themecA gene (14, 17). As far as we could judge from the structure of the two elements newly identified in this study, they seem to constitute a family of SCCmec together with N315-type SCCmec.. The mecA gene is considered to have originated in some coagulase-negative staphylococcus species (36) and was then transferred into S. aureus to generate MRSA (1,13, 32). It is likely that SCCmec serves as the carrier of the mecA gene moving across staphylococcal species, since mecA genes in other staphylococcal species have never been found without the accompaniment of SCCmec-like structure (T. Ito and Y. Katayama, unpublished observation). Since both ccrA and ccrB genes are required for the integration event, we considered ...
Avicenna Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infection - 3, 1Avicenna Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infection - 3, 1
Results: The results showed 91 isolates (56.88%) were coagulase-positive, and 69 isolates (43.12%) were coagulase-negative Staphylococcus aureus (CNSA). Out of 91 (56.88%) coagulase-positive staphylococci, 32 isolates (35.16%) were resistant to cefoxitin, and 30 isolates (32.96%) were resistant to oxacillin, using disc diffusion method. PCR revealed the presence of the femA gene (510 bp band) in all coagulase-positive isolates (100%), and the mecA gene (513 bp band) was detected in 32 isolates (35.16%); out of 32 MRSA isolates, 13 isolates (40.62%) were positive for presence of the luk-pv gene (433 bp band). ...
Staphylococci are the most abundant skin-colonizing bacteria and the most important - Pharmacodynamic Biomarker DevelopmentStaphylococci are the most abundant skin-colonizing bacteria and the most important - Pharmacodynamic Biomarker Development
Staphylococci are the most abundant skin-colonizing bacteria and the most important causes of nosocomial infections and community-associated skin infections. and birds [1]. Two main groups are distinguished by their ability to coagulate blood: coagulase-positive staphylococci, with the most important species being or as a subject, owing to its eminent role in human contamination. The nose is the most important site PNU 282987 of colonization [3], but is situated in the pharynx also, perineum, axillae and on your skin (predominantly over the hands, upper body and abdomen) [4C6]. Consistent colonization with is normally observed in around 20% of the populace, while 30% bring transiently, and around 50% are non-carriers [7,8]. In consistent providers, who all possess within their noses, the regularity of colonization of various other body sites is normally increased weighed against the general people [9]. Consistent carriage prices are higher in kids than adults [4]. Oddly enough, theres been a ...
Species: Staphylococcus delphiniSpecies: Staphylococcus delphini
16S rRNA gene accession number: AB009938 Valid publication: Varaldo PE, Kilpper-Bälz R, Biavasco F, Satta G, Schleifer KH. Staphylococcus delphini sp. nov., a coagulase-positive species isolated from dolphins. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1988; 38:436-439. ...
Staphylococcus sp. H3.1 | Semantic ScholarStaphylococcus sp. H3.1 | Semantic Scholar
Semantic Scholar is a free, AI-powered research tool for scientific literature, based at the Allen Institute for AI.. Learn More → ...
Staphylococcus sp. GYZ | Semantic ScholarStaphylococcus sp. GYZ | Semantic Scholar
Semantic Scholar is a free, AI-powered research tool for scientific literature, based at the Allen Institute for AI.. Learn More → ...
MRSA - Resistant yellow staphylococci - zeepedia.comMRSA - Resistant yellow staphylococci - zeepedia.com
MRSA is a yellow staphylococcus bacterium. The difference between other yellow staphylococci and MRSA is that MRSA is resistant to certain antibiotics. This means that if you get an infection, there are fewer antibiotics that can be used. Another word for resilience is resistance.. It is common to have bacteria like yellow staphylococci on the body without having any problems. Its called being a carrier. The staphylococci are usually present in the nose, throat or other mucous membranes. You can also wear them on the skin, for example in groin and armpits.. ...
Test shows profuse growth of staphylococcus species and moderate candida yeast. What are the chances of pregnancy? - Doctors...Test shows profuse growth of staphylococcus species and moderate candida yeast. What are the chances of pregnancy? - Doctor's...
Question - Test shows profuse growth of staphylococcus species and moderate candida yeast. What are the chances of pregnancy?. Ask a Doctor about Staphylococcus, Ask an Endocrinologist
Whole genome seq of Staphylococcus warneri clinical isolate: Sample 6... - SRA - NCBIWhole genome seq of Staphylococcus warneri clinical isolate: Sample 6... - SRA - NCBI
Design: DNA was extracted using UltraClean microbial DNA isolation kit (Mo Bio). Shotgun sequencing libraries were prepared using Fragmentase (Epicentre BioTechnologies), standard Y-adaptor ligation, PCR amplification using Kapa HiFi (KAPA Biosystems), and were purified using Agencourt AMPure XP (Beckman Coulter). ...
Validating an empiric sulfadiazine-trimethoprim dosage regimen for treatment of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus delphini...Validating an empiric sulfadiazine-trimethoprim dosage regimen for treatment of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus delphini...
Antimicrobial agents are used extensively off‐label in mink, as almost no agents are registered for this animal species. Pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) data are required to determine antimicrobial dosages specifically targeting mink bacterial pathogens. The aims of this study were to assess, in a PKPD framework, the empirical dosage regimen for a combination of trimethoprim (TMP) and sulfadiazine (SDZ) in mink, and secondarily to produce data for future setting of clinical breakpoints. TMP and SDZ PK parameters were obtained experimentally in 22 minks following IV or oral administration of TMP/SDZ (30 mg/kg, i.e. 5 mg/kg TMP and 25 mg/kg SDZ). fAUC/MIC with a target value of 24 hr was selected as the PKPD index predictive of TMP/SDZ efficacy. Using a modeling approach, PKPD cutoffs for TMP and SDZ were determined as 0.062 and 16 mg/L, respectively. By incorporating an anticipated potentiation effect of SDZ on TMP against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus delphini, the PKPD ...
Staphylococcus | bacteria genus | Britannica.comStaphylococcus | bacteria genus | Britannica.com
Staphylococcus: Staphylococcus, (genus Staphylococcus), group of spherical bacteria, the best-known species of which are universally present in great numbers on the mucous membranes and skin
Deadly superbug on the rise ( According to a study some of the boils...)Deadly superbug on the rise ( According to a study some of the boils...)
Health,According to a study some of the boils and pimples severe enough to s...The deadly superbug or Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (... I think we were all surprised by how common and widespread it has b...MRSA is a type of bacterium resistant to some of the antibiotics. Th...Staphylococcus sp. had become resistant to Methicillin a synthetic ...,Deadly,superbug,on,the,rise,medicine,medical news today,latest medical news,medical newsletters,current medical news,latest medicine news
ISO 6888-1:1999/Amd 1:2003 | Microbiology of food and ... | SAI GlobalISO 6888-1:1999/Amd 1:2003 | Microbiology of food and ... | SAI Global
Buy ISO 6888-1:1999/Amd 1:2003 Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs - Horizontal method for the enumeration of coagulase-positive staphylococci (Staphylococcus aureus and other species) Part 1: Technique using Baird-Parker agar medium - Amendment 1: Inclusion of precision data from SAI Global
Report: The Battle against ResistanceReport: The Battle against Resistance
Free-living bacteria, particularly those living in the soil or in hostile environments, represent another rich but poorly explored source of antimicrobial compounds. Many of them are difficult to cultivate in the laboratory, but recently developed techniques such as DNA transfer and metagenomics are allowing the sequencing of their entire genome and the identification of candidate molecules with antibacterial activity.. Our body also harbors a large quantity of bacteria, virus and fungi. In our gut alone we have trillions of bacteria (more than 1,000 different species and 3 million genes). This microbiota is not only harmless, but it can also defend us against pathogenic bacteria. Thus, a Staphylococcus that normally inhabits our nose secretes a peptide (called lugdunin) that inhibits colonization by the pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus.. Nature offers numerous options to fight antibiotic-resistant bacteria, such as natural products derived from the sea, bacteria living in hostile environments, ...
Structure of the full-length HPr kinase/phosphatase from Staphylococcus xylosus at 1.95 Å resolution: Mimicking the product...Structure of the full-length HPr kinase/phosphatase from Staphylococcus xylosus at 1.95 Å resolution: Mimicking the product...
HPrKC is very similar to the corresponding domain from the L. casei enzyme (27). The two molecules have an amino acid sequence identity of 48% and superimpose with an rmsd value of 1.3 Å, aligning 148 Cα atoms out of 155 corresponding residues. It is made up of a central five-stranded mixed β-sheet flanked by four α-helices and by two smaller β-sheets (Fig. 6, which is published as supporting information on the PNAS web site). According to DALI (31), the structure resembles AdK (27, 32) and has an even higher similarity with the C-terminal domain of PCK (Fig. 6; ref. 33), which DALI returns with a score of 7.8, aligning 128 structurally equivalent Cα atoms with an rmsd value of 2.8 Å. A multiple sequence alignment (not shown), including members of HPrK and PCK families, indicates significant sequence similarity, suggesting that the two proteins are, in fact, evolutionarily related.. It was not unexpected from the crystallization conditions to find a phosphate ion Pi in the P-loop (ref. ...
Sequence Similarity - 1KO7: X-ray structure of the HPr kinase/phosphatase from Staphylococcus xylosus at 1.95 A...Sequence Similarity - 1KO7: X-ray structure of the HPr kinase/phosphatase from Staphylococcus xylosus at 1.95 A...
1KO7: Structure of the full-length HPr kinase/phosphatase from Staphylococcus xylosus at 1.95 A resolution: Mimicking the product/substrate of the phospho transfer reactions.
Fluoroquinolone susceptibilities to methicillin-resistant and susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus isolated from eye...Fluoroquinolone susceptibilities to methicillin-resistant and susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococcus isolated from eye...
PURPOSE: To evaluate the fluoroquinolone susceptibilities of ocular isolate coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), identified at the Microbiology Laboratory - UNIFESP. DESIGN: Experimental laboratory investigation. METHODS: The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 21 strains of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCoNS) and 22 methicillin-sensitive coagulase-negative staphylococci (MSCoNS) to ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin were determined, using the E-test method standardized by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI/NCCLS). RESULTS: The MIC90s (µg/ml) for the second generation of tested fluoroquinolones were higher than the fourth generation, especially for the methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci group. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that methicillin-sensitive coagulase-negative staphylococci are more susceptible to quinolones than are methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci and that ...
Microbiology Society Journals | Staphylococcus lugdunensis sp. nov. and Staphylococcus schleiferi sp. nov., Two Species from...Microbiology Society Journals | Staphylococcus lugdunensis sp. nov. and Staphylococcus schleiferi sp. nov., Two Species from...
Deoxyribonucleic acid relatedness studies (S1 nuclease method) showed that 23 unidentified Staphylococcus strains form two homogeneous genomic species related 1 to 9% to 24 type strains representing known Staphylococcus species. These new species were named Staphylococcus lugdunensis and Staphylococcus schleiferi. Strains of S. lugdunensis were susceptible to novobiocin, produced a fibrinogen affinity factor, and failed to produce coagulase, heat-stable nuclease, and staphylokinase. S. lugdunensis strains differed from S. hominis (the phenotypically closest species) by production of ornithine decarboxylase and the fibrinogen affinity factor. The guanine-plus-cytosine content of the deoxyribonucleic acid was 32 mol%. The type strain is N860297 (= ATCC 43809). Strains of S. schleiferi were susceptible to novobiocin, produced a heat-stable nuclease and a fibrinogen affinity factor, and failed to produce coagulase and staphylokinase. S. schleiferi strains differed from S. aureus by production of an
Determination of the chromosomal relationship between mecA and gyrA in methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci<...Determination of the chromosomal relationship between mecA and gyrA in methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Determination of the chromosomal relationship between mecA and gyrA in methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci. AU - Fey, Paul D.. AU - Climo, Michael W.. AU - Archer, Gordon L.. PY - 1998/2. Y1 - 1998/2. N2 - mecA, the gene that mediates methicillin resistance, and its accompanying mec locus DNA, insert near the gyrA gene in Staphylococcus aureus. To investigate whether there is a similar relationship between mecA and gyrA in coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), mecA- and gyrA-specific DNA fragments were used to probe methicillin-resistant isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) (n = 11) and Staphylococcus haemolyticus (MRSH) (n = 11). The gyrA probe hybridized to the same SmaI DNA fragment as the mecA probe in all strains tested. However, since the size of the SmaI fragments containing meca and gyrA varied from 73 to 600 kb, the distance between the two genes was determined more precisely. Cloned mecA or gyrA fragments plus vector sequences each ...
From clinical microbiology to infection pathogenesis: How daring to be different works for Staphylococcus lugdunensis<...From clinical microbiology to infection pathogenesis: How daring to be different works for Staphylococcus lugdunensis<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - From clinical microbiology to infection pathogenesis. T2 - How daring to be different works for Staphylococcus lugdunensis. AU - Frank, Kristi L.. AU - Del Pozo, José Luis. AU - Patel, Robin. PY - 2008/1. Y1 - 2008/1. N2 - Staphylococcus lugdunensis has gained recognition as an atypically virulent pathogen with a unique microbiological and clinical profile. S. lugdunensis is coagulase negative due to the lack of production of secreted coagulase, but a membrane-bound form of the enzyme present in some isolates can result in misidentification of the organism as Staphylococcus aureus in the clinical microbiology laboratory. S. lugdunensis is a skin commensal and an infrequent pathogen compared to S. aureus and S. epidermidis, but clinically, infections caused by this organism resemble those caused by S. aureus rather than those caused by other coagulase-negative staphylococci. S. lugdunensis can cause acute and highly destructive cases of native valve endocarditis that often ...
Staphylococcus lugdunensis Biofilm Formation - Infectious Diseases Lab: Robin Patel - Mayo Clinic ResearchStaphylococcus lugdunensis Biofilm Formation - Infectious Diseases Lab: Robin Patel - Mayo Clinic Research
S. lugdunensis is a recently described coagulase negative Staphylococcus species that has been determined by our group and others to be a virulent human pathogen, capable of causing diseases more akin to Staphylococcus aureus than a typical coagulase negative Staphylococcus species (e.g., native valve endocarditis). This suggests that this species has unique characteristics differentiating it from other coagulase negative Staphylococcus species. The types of infection caused by S. lugdunensis, supported by data generated in our laboratory demonstrating the ability of this organism to form biofilm, suggest that biofilm formation contributes to this species virulence.. We have identified a locus with homology to the S. aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis ica loci in S. lugdunensis. Interestingly, S. lugdunensis forms biofilm, but its biofilm extracellular matrix is predominantly proteinaceous. Understanding the mechanisms of biofilm formation in S. lugdunensis should enable new, more effective ...
First record of isolation and characterization of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus lugdunensis from clinical samples in...First record of isolation and characterization of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus lugdunensis from clinical samples in...
This study was conducted to determine the frequency of Staphylococcus lugdunensis in different clinical samples. Out of 690 clinical samples, a total of 178 coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) isolates were recovered. CoNS were identified as 10 different species; 22 isolates belonged to Staphylococcus lugdunensis. Two specific genes for S. lugdunensis were used (tanA gene and fbl gene) to confirm identification. Both of these specific genes were detected in 15 (68.1%) of 22 isolates that were identified phenotypically. The results of oxacillin MIC showed that 7 of the 15 (46.6%) S. lugdunensis isolates were oxacillin resistant. The antibiotic susceptibility testing against 16 antibiotics showed that resistance rates were variable towards these antibiotics. Eight of fifteen S. lugdunensis isolates (53.3%) were β-lactamase producer. Results of molecular detection of mecA gene found that mecA gene was detected in 6 (40%) of 15 S. lugdunensis. All of these 6 isolates (S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, and ...
Diferenzas entre revisións de «Staphylococcus epidermidis» - Wikipedia, a enciclopedia libreDiferenzas entre revisións de «Staphylococcus epidermidis» - Wikipedia, a enciclopedia libre
Staphylococcus epidermidis é unha especie [[bacteria]]na [[Gram positiva]], unha das arredor de 40 especies pertencentes ao xénero [[Staphylococcus]].,ref name="SchleiferKloos1975",{{cite journal,last1=Schleifer,first1=K. H.,last2=Kloos,first2=W. E.,title=Isolation and Characterization of Staphylococci from Human Skin I. Amended Descriptions of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Descriptions of Three New Species: Staphylococcus cohnii, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, and Staphylococcus xylosus,journal=International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology,volume=25,issue=1,year=1975,pages=50-61,issn=0020-7713,doi=10.1099/00207713-25-1-50}},/ref, Forma parte da flora bacteriana humana normal, normalmente da [[flora da pel]], e máis raramente da flora das mucosas.,ref name="FeyOlson2010",{{cite journal,last1=Fey,first1=P. D.,last2=Olson,first2=M. E.,title=Current concepts in biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis,journal=Future ...
UafB is a serine-rich repeat adhesin of Staphylococcus saprophyticus that mediates binding to fibronectin, fibrinogen and human...UafB is a serine-rich repeat adhesin of Staphylococcus saprophyticus that mediates binding to fibronectin, fibrinogen and human...
Staphylococcus saprophyticus is an important cause of urinary tract infection (UTI), particularly among young women, and is second only to uropathogenic Escherichia coli as the most frequent cause of UTI. The molecular mechanisms of urinary tract colonization by S. saprophyticus remain poorly understood. We have identified a novel 6.84 kb plasmid-located adhesin-encoding gene in S. saprophyticus strain MS1146 which we have termed uro-adherence factor B (uafB). UafB is a glycosylated serine-rich repeat protein that is expressed on the surface of S. saprophyticus MS1146. UafB also functions as a major cell surface hydrophobicity factor. To characterize the role of UafB we generated an isogenic uafB mutant in S. saprophyticus MS1146 by interruption with a group II intron. The uafB mutant had a significantly reduced ability to bind to fibronectin and fibrinogen. Furthermore, we show that a recombinant protein containing the putative binding domain of UafB binds specifically to fibronectin and ...
Phenotypic characterisation of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from blood cultures in newborn infants, with a special...Phenotypic characterisation of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from blood cultures in newborn infants, with a special...
Aim: This Swedish study determined which species of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) were found in neonatal blood cultures and whether they included Staphylococcus capitis clones with decreased susceptibility to vancomycin. Methods: CoNS isolates (n = 332) from neonatal blood cultures collected at orebro University Hospital during 1987-2014 were identified to species level with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The antibiotic susceptibility pattern of S. capitis isolates was determined by the disc diffusion test and Etest, and the presence of heterogeneous glycopeptide-intermediate S. capitis (hGISC) was evaluated. Results: Staphylococcus epidermidis (67.4%), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (10.5%) and S. capitis (9.6%) were the most common CoNS species. Of the S. capitis isolates, 75% were methicillin-resistant and 44% were multidrug-resistant. No isolate showed decreased susceptibility to vancomycin, but at least 59% displayed the ...
Antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative Staphylococci isolated from goats with subclinical...Antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative Staphylococci isolated from goats with subclinical...
Antimicrobial resistance patterns and gene coding for methicillin resistance (mecA) were determined in 25 S. aureus and 75 Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (CNS) strains isolates from half-udder milk samples collected from goats with subclinical mastitis. Fourteen (56.0%) S. aureus and thirty-one (41.3%) CNS isolates were resistant to one or more antimicrobial agents. S. aureus showed the highest resistance rate against kanamycin (28.0%), oxytetracycline (16.0%), and ampicillin (12.0%). The CNS tested were more frequently resistant to ampicillin (36.0%) and kanamycin (6.7%). Multiple antimicrobial resistance was observed in eight isolates, and one Staphylococcus epidermidis was found to be resistant to six antibiotics. The mecA gene was not found in any of the tested isolates. Single resistance against β-lactamics or aminoglicosides is the most common trait observed while multiresistance is less frequent. ...
Coagulase negative staphylococci | DermNet NZCoagulase negative staphylococci | DermNet NZ
Coagulase negative staphylococci, CoNS infection, Staphylococcus coagulase negative, Non-pathogenic staphylococci. Authoritative facts from DermNet New Zealand.
Metabolites | Free Full-Text | Production of a New Cyclic Depsipeptide by the Culture Broth of Staphylococcus sp. Isolated from...Metabolites | Free Full-Text | Production of a New Cyclic Depsipeptide by the Culture Broth of Staphylococcus sp. Isolated from...
A new cyclic depsipeptide (1) has been isolated from culture broth of Staphylococcus sp. (No. P-100826-4-6) derived from Corallina officinalis L., together with the known compounds indol-3-carboxylic acid (2), 1,5-dideoxy-3-C-methyl arabinitol (3), thymine (4), uracil (5), cyclo (L-pro-L-omet) (6) and macrolactin B (7). The structure of (1) was established to be cyclo (2α, 3-diaminopropoinc acid-L-Asn-3-β-hydroxy-5-methyl-tetradecanoic acid-L-Leu1-L-Asp-L-Val-L-Leu2-L-Leu3) by extensive spectroscopic techniques including 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 1H‒1H COSY, HMBC, HSQC, NOESY, and HRFABMS. The antimicrobial activities of compounds 1–7 were evaluated. Compounds 1–5, and 7 showed moderate antimicrobial activity while compound 6 exhibited a potent antimicrobial and antifungal activities.
Rapid colonization with methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci after surgery - Zurich Open Repository and...Rapid colonization with methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci after surgery - Zurich Open Repository and...
BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance may compromise the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis before surgery. The aim of this study was to measure susceptibility and clonal distribution of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) colonizing the skin around the surgery access site before and after the procedure. METHODS: From March to September 2004, a series of 140 patients undergoing elective major abdominal surgery were screened for CoNS colonization at admission and 5 days after surgery. All isolates were tested for antibiotic susceptibility and genotyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). RESULTS: Colonization rates with CoNS at admission and after surgery were 85% and 55%, respectively. The methicillin-resistant CoNS rate increased from 20% at admission to 47% after surgery (P = 0.001). The PFGE pattern after surgery revealed more patients colonized with identical clones: 8/140 patients (8/119 strains) and 26/140 patients (26/77 strains), respectively (P , 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our ...
Peer Evaluation : Antimicrobial Sensitivity, Biochemical Characteristics and Biotyping of Staphylococcus saprophyticus: An...Peer Evaluation : Antimicrobial Sensitivity, Biochemical Characteristics and Biotyping of Staphylococcus saprophyticus: An...
Abstract : Staphylococcus saprophyticus (S. saprophyticus) is a frequent cause of urinary tract infection in the young women.The current study was designed to analyze the effect of biofield energy treatment on S. saprophyticus for evaluationof its antibiogram profile, biochemical reactions pattern and biotyping characteristics. Two sets of ATCC sampleswere taken in this experiment and denoted as A and B. Sample A was revived and divided into two parts Group (Gr.I)(control) and Gr.II (revived); likewise, sample B was labeled as Gr.III (lyophilized). Gr. II and III were given with Mr.Trivedis biofield energy treatment. The control and treated groups of S. saprophyticus cells were tested with respect toantimicrobial susceptibility, biochemical reactions pattern and biotype number using MicroScan Walk-Away® system.The 50% out of twenty-eight tested antimicrobials showed significant alteration in susceptibility and 36.67% out of thirtyantimicrobials showed an alteration in minimum inhibitory ...
Tandem repeat sequence analysis of staphylococcal protein A (spa) gene in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius...Tandem repeat sequence analysis of staphylococcal protein A (spa) gene in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius...
A putative staphylococcal protein A (spa) gene was discovered in the genome of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and used for developing a species-specific spa typing protocol. Thirty-one clinical methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) isolates from dogs and cats in four countries were characterized by spa typing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and staphylococcal cassette chromosome (SCCmec) typing. The results indicated the occurrence of two MRSP clones that acquired distinct SCCmec elements in Europe (t02, PFGE type A, SCCmec type III,) and California (t06, PFGE type B, SCCmec type V). Sequence analysis of mecA revealed the occurrence of four alleles (mecA1 to mecA4), which correlated with the geographical origin of the isolates and enabled discrimination of two distinct subtypes within the European clone. The newly developed spa typing method appeared to be a promising tool for easy and rapid typing of MRSP, either alone or in combination with SCCmec and mecA typing for ...
Cloning of an agr homologue of Staphylococcus saprophyticus : FEMS Microbiology Letters - oiCloning of an agr homologue of Staphylococcus saprophyticus : FEMS Microbiology Letters - oi
An agr homologue of Staphylococcus saprophyticus was identified, cloned and sequenced. The gene locus shows homologies to other staphylococcal agr systems, especially to those of S. epidermidis and S. lugdunensis. A putative RNAIII was identified and found to be differentially expressed during the growth phases. In contrast to the RNAIII molecules of S. epidermidis and S. aureus it does not contain an open reading frame that codes for a protein with homologies to the d-toxin. Using PCR, the agr was found to be present in clinical isolates of S. saprophyticus. ...
Epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in FinlandEpidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in Finland
Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (SP) is part of the normal microbiota of dogs and cats. Since the mid-1980s, an ever-increasing number of methicillin-resistant SP (MRSP) isolates have been reported. In the mid-2000s, two predominant MRSP clones, ST71 (sequence type 71) and ST68, spread through Europe and North America, respectively. MRSP isolates are commonly multidrug resistant (MDR), and are thus capable of causing infections that do not respond to routinely used antimicrobials. MRSP appeared in the small animal population of Finland in the late 2000s, also causing numerous infections at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH) of the University of Helsinki. No data on the epidemiology of MRSP in Finland have been published. This thesis study aimed to explore the epidemiology of MRSP in the Finnish small animal population. This was done by investigating and describing the MRSP outbreak at the VTH, and investigating risk factors for patients being colonized or infected by MRSP in the hospital ...
Effects of oxygen volumetric mass transfer coefficient and pH on lipase production by Staphylococcus warneri EX17 - Fashion &...Effects of oxygen volumetric mass transfer coefficient and pH on lipase production by Staphylococcus warneri EX17 - Fashion &...
The principal objectives of this study were to evaluate the kinetics of lipase production by Staphylococcus warneri EX17 under different oxygen volumetric mass…
Characterisation of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible isolates of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius from cases of...Characterisation of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible isolates of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius from cases of...
Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) has recently emerged as a worldwide cause of canine pyoderma. In this study, we characterized 22 S. pseudintermedius isolates cultured from 19 dogs with pyoderma that attended a veterinary dermatology referral clinic in Australia in 2011 and 2012. Twelve isolates were identified as MRSP by mecA real-time PCR and phenotypic resistance to oxacillin. In addition to β-lactam resistance, MRSP isolates were resistant to erythromycin (91.6 %), gentamicin (83.3 %), ciprofloxacin (83.3 %), chloramphenicol (75 %), clindamycin (66 %), oxytetracycline (66 %) and tetracycline (50 %), as shown by disc-diffusion susceptibility testing. Meticillin-susceptible S. pseudintermedius isolates only showed resistance to penicillin/ampicillin (90 %) and tetracycline (10 %). PFGE using the SmaI restriction enzyme was unable to type nine of the 12 MRSP isolates. However the nine isolates provided the same PFGE pulsotype using the Cfr91 restriction enzyme. ...
IJMS | Free Full-Text | Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Planktonic and Biofilm Cells of Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase...IJMS | Free Full-Text | Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Planktonic and Biofilm Cells of Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase...
The objective of the present study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance profile of planktonic and biofilm cells of Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS). Two hundred Staphylococcus spp. strains were studied, including 50 S. aureus and 150 CoNS strains (50 S. epidermidis, 20 S. haemolyticus, 20 S. warneri, 20 S. hominis, 20 S. lugdunensis, and 20 S. saprophyticus). Biofilm formation was investigated by adherence to polystyrene plates. Positive strains were submitted to the broth microdilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for planktonic and biofilm cells and the minimal bactericidal concentration for biofilm cells (MBCB). Forty-nine Staphylococcus spp. strains (14 S. aureus, 13 S. epidermidis, 13 S. saprophyticus, 3 S. haemolyticus, 1 S. hominis, 3 S. warneri, and 2 S. lugdunensis) were biofilm producers. These isolates were evaluated regarding their resistance profile. Determination of planktonic cell MIC identified three (21.4%) S.
Speciation of clinically significant coagulase negative staphylococci and their antibiotic resistant patterns in a tertiary...Speciation of clinically significant coagulase negative staphylococci and their antibiotic resistant patterns in a tertiary...
Author: Surekha.Y.Asangi , Mariraj.J , Sathyanarayan.M.S , Nagabhushan , Rashmi :: Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (cons) Are The Indigenous Flora Of The Human Skin And Mucous Membrane. They Are Usually Contaminants, When Isolated From A Clinical Specimen. These Organisms Are Becoming Increasingly Recognized As Agents Of Clinically...
Characterization of coagulase-negative staphylococcal isolates from blood with reduced susceptibility to glycopeptides and...Characterization of coagulase-negative staphylococcal isolates from blood with reduced susceptibility to glycopeptides and...
Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are a major cause of nosocomial blood stream infection, especially in critically ill and haematology patients. CoNS are usually multidrug-resistant and glycopeptide antibiotics have been to date considered the drugs of choice for treatment. The aim of this study was to characterize CoNS with reduced susceptibility to glycopeptides causing blood stream infection (BSI) in critically ill and haematology patients at the University Hospital Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy, in 2007. Hospital microbiology records for transplant haematology and ICU were reviewed to identify CoNS with elevated MICs for glycopeptides, and isolates were matched to clinical records to determine whether the isolates caused a BSI. The isolates were tested for susceptibility to new drugs daptomicin and tigecycline and the genetic relationship was assessed using f-AFLP. Of a total of 17,418 blood cultures, 1,609 were positive for CoNS and of these, 87 (5.4%) displayed reduced susceptibility to
Reclassification of Phenotypically Identified Staphylococcus intermedius Strains | Journal of Clinical MicrobiologyReclassification of Phenotypically Identified Staphylococcus intermedius Strains | Journal of Clinical Microbiology
Our results suggest that the majority of SIG strains isolated from commensal flora or infection sites in dogs are reclassified as being S. pseudintermedius strains. In fact, S. intermedius CCUG 50815 and S. intermedius CCUG 51770 (both of dog origin) obtained from the Culture Collections of the University Göteborg (CCUG) were also identified as being S. pseudintermedius strains by molecular phylogenetic analyses. Previously, we also reported that S. pseudintermedius was a common species among methicillin-resistant coagulase-positive staphylococci in dogs (28).. Van Hoovels et al. reported the first case of S. pseudintermedius infection in a human (33). In the present study, we also identified two strains from humans as being S. pseudintermedius strains, one of which (strain TW 6698) had been identified as being S. intermedius before our reclassification (18). Although there have been reports that S. intermedius strains were isolated from human infection or food poisoning from dog origins (15, ...
Caractérisation du système de sécrétion Ess/Type VII (SST7) chez Staphylococcus lugdunensis - Normandie UniversitéCaractérisation du système de sécrétion Ess/Type VII (SST7) chez Staphylococcus lugdunensis - Normandie Université
C. Dubos, J Lebeurre, S Dahyot, M. Pestel-Caron. Caractérisation du système de sécrétion Ess/Type VII (SST7) chez Staphylococcus lugdunensis. Journée Normande de Recherche Biomédicale, Nov 2017, Caen, France. ⟨hal-02266192⟩ ...
Staphylococcus - WikipediaStaphylococcus - Wikipedia
One of the most important phenotypical features used in the classification of staphylococci is their ability to produce coagulase, an enzyme that causes blood clot formation. Seven species are currently recognised as being coagulase-positive: S. aureus, S. delphini, S. hyicus, S. intermedius, S. lutrae, S. pseudintermedius, and S. schleiferi subsp. coagulans. These species belong to two separate groups - the S. aureus (S. aureus alone) group and the S. hyicus-intermedius group (the remaining five). An eighth species has also been described - Staphylococcus leei - from patients with gastritis.[17]. S. aureus is coagulase-positive, meaning it produces coagulase. However, while the majority of S. aureus strains are coagulase-positive, some may be atypical in that they do not produce coagulase. S. aureus is catalase-positive (meaning that it can produce the enzyme catalase) and able to convert hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to water and oxygen, which makes the catalase test useful to distinguish ...
Antibiotikaresistenz von Staphylococcus aureus und Koagulase-negativen Staphylokokken isoliert aus Mastitismilchproben von...Antibiotikaresistenz von Staphylococcus aureus und Koagulase-negativen Staphylokokken isoliert aus Mastitismilchproben von...
Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS) were isolated from ovine and caprine mastitis milk samples originating from more than 40 Swiss farms. CNS dominated as causal microorganisms of mastitis in small ruminants. By restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the groEL gene and sequencing of 16S rDNA, various CNS species were identified, albeit certain of them predominated. For susceptibility testing of mastitis pathogens to selected antibiotics, minimal inhibitory concentrations were determined. Of the 67 S. aureus and 208 CNS strains, 31.3 % and 8.2 % were resistant to penicillin, 29.9 % and 1.0 % to ampicillin, 1.5 % and 10.6 % to erythromycin, and 3.0 % and 7.7 % to tetracycline, respectively. Moreover, 10 CNS strains (4.8 %) were resistant to oxacillin and one CNS strain to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim. The results obtained describe for the first time the resistance situation of mastitis pathogens from sheep and goats in Switzerland. However, ...
eap Gene as Novel Target for Specific Identification of Staphylococcus aureus | Journal of Clinical Microbiologyeap Gene as Novel Target for Specific Identification of Staphylococcus aureus | Journal of Clinical Microbiology
The cell surface-associated extracellular adherence protein (Eap) mediates adherence of Staphylococcus aureus to host extracellular matrix components and inhibits inflammation, wound healing, and angiogenesis. A well-characterized collection of S. aureus and non-S. aureus staphylococcal isolates (n = 813) was tested for the presence of the Eap-encoding gene (eap) by PCR to investigate the use of the eap gene as a specific diagnostic tool for identification of S. aureus. Whereas all 597 S. aureus isolates were eap positive, this gene was not detectable in 216 non-S. aureus staphylococcal isolates comprising 47 different species and subspecies of coagulase-negative staphylococci and non-S. aureus coagulase-positive or coagulase-variable staphylococci. Furthermore, non-S. aureus isolates did not express Eap homologs, as verified on the transcriptional and protein levels. Based on these data, the sensitivity and specificity of the newly developed PCR targeting the eap gene were both 100%. Thus, the ...
Can you give me information about Staphylococcus simulans?Can you give me information about Staphylococcus simulans?
Question - Can you give me information about Staphylococcus simulans?. Ask a Doctor about uses, dosages and side-effects of Clindamycin, Ask a Urologist
Risk of colonization or gene transfer to owners of dogs with meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius - Frank -...Risk of colonization or gene transfer to owners of dogs with meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius - Frank -...
Frank, L. A., Kania, S. A., Kirzeder, E. M., Eberlein, L. C. and Bemis, D. A. (2009), Risk of colonization or gene transfer to owners of dogs with meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. Veterinary Dermatology, 20: 496-501. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2009.00826.x ...
Avicenna Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infection - 2, 3Avicenna Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infection - 2, 3
Results: The incidence of NIs was low (i.e. , 2%). Among 16936 admitted patients in this hospital, 174 patients (79 males and 95 females) with a mean age of 51.7 ± 24.6 years (range, 5 to 90 years) were diagnosed with an NI. Incidence density of NIs were 3.18% in infectious diseases ward, 2.17% in intensive care unit (ICU), 2% in orthopedic ward, 0.68% in obstetrics and gynecology (OBGYN) ward and 0.278% in general surgery. Regarding the etiology of infection, coagulase-negative staphylococci in 23.69%, Bacillus in 21.05%, Escherichia coli was found in 18.42%, and coagulase-positive staphylococci in 13.16% of the cases. The results indicated that coagulase-negative staphylococci was the most frequent pathogen. ...
Ch.19 L.2 (More about staphylococcus (Coagulase-negative are usually S.…Ch.19 L.2 (More about staphylococcus (Coagulase-negative are usually S.…
... : Ch.19 L.2 (More about staphylococcus, Folliculitis, Enzymes (Coagulase, Hyaluronidase, Staphylokinase, Lipases, β-Lactamase, Virulent strains of S. aureus make several enzymes that help them to survive:), Toxins (Cytolytic toxins, Leukocidin, Epidermal dell differentiation inhibitor , Exfoliative toxin or toxic shock syndrome toxin), Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis)
Repositório Institucional UNIFESP: Oxacilin-resistant Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) bacteremia in a general hospital...Repositório Institucional UNIFESP: Oxacilin-resistant Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) bacteremia in a general hospital...
Staphylococcus coagulase negativos (SCoN), especialmente Staphylococcus epidermidis tem se tornado causa importante de infecções da corrente circulatória nas últimas décadas. Além disso, percentuais de resistência a meticilina entre os SCoN têm aumentado significativamente, levando ao uso de glicopeptídeos nestes pacientes. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar onze casos consecutivos de bacteremia clinicamente relevantes por SCoN oxacilina resistentes em um hospital localizado na cidade de São Paulo, Brasil. Cinco diferentes espécies foram identificadas por diferentes métodos fenotípicos, incluindo S. epidermidis (5), S. haemolyticus (3), S. hominis (1), S. warneri (1) e S. cohnii subsp urealyticus (1). Diferentes perfis eletroforéticos obtidos pela técnica de Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis foram observados na análise da macrorestrição do DNA nos isolados de S. epidermidis, mas dois dos três isolados de S. haemolyticus apresentaram o mesmo perfil. Esses dados indicam uma ...
Aislamiento de Staphylococcus epidermidis portador de integrón clase 1 en un paciente con sepsis neonatalAislamiento de Staphylococcus epidermidis portador de integrón clase 1 en un paciente con sepsis neonatal
PINILLA, Gladys et al. Isolation of Staphylococcus epidermidis strain carrier of the class one integron in a septic neonatal patient. Infect. [online]. 2009, vol.13, n.3, pp.196-202. ISSN 0123-9392.. Objective: To determine the presence and the sequence of the class one integron in a Staphylococcus epidermidis strain isolated from a septic neonatal patient. Materials and methods: The S. epidermidis strain was isolated from a blood culture of a newborn. The microbiological identification, test of sensitivity and molecular characterization of the integrase gene int/1, the cassette gene aac6; aac6´aph2´´ resistant gene to aminoglycoside antibiotics and mecA gene resistant to ß-lactamics were realized. Results: The nucleotide sequence of the integrase gen intl1 in S. epidermidis is reported, which showed a 78% similarity to the reported sequence of the NCBI data base in Gram negative bacteria. The gene cassette aac6 aac6´ (aminoglycoside acetilation) was also identified within the class one ...
Staphylococcus aureus | Trust Pharmacy With Top-Quality Generic DrugsStaphylococcus aureus | Trust Pharmacy With Top-Quality Generic Drugs
Staphylococcus aureus is a widespread gram-positive motionless facultative anaerobic non-spore-forming bacterium related to cocci, spherical bacteria. This microorganism is part of the normal microflora of the skin and mucous membranes in 15-50% of healthy people and animals.. Staphylococcus aureus is found in soil and water, often contaminates food products. It is able to infect all tissues and organs: skin, subcutaneous tissue, lungs, central nervous system, bones, and joints, etc. This bacterium can cause sepsis, purulent skin lesions, and wound infections.. The optimum temperature for Staphylococcus aureus is 30-37 °C. It withstands for 20-30 minutes when 70-80 °C + dry heat. It survives for up to 2 hours. This bacterium is resistant to drying and salinization. It is able to grow on media with 5-10% sodium chloride content, including fish, meat and other products. Most disinfectants destroy Staphylococcus aureus.. Staphylococcus aureus releases a wide variety of toxins. Membranotoxins ...
Rapid detection of Staphylococcus aureus and genus Staphylococcus by Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH) - ISMJRapid detection of Staphylococcus aureus and genus Staphylococcus by Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH) - ISMJ
Fluorescent in situ hybridization ( FISH ) is a new diagnostic technique for specific detection of microorganisms at molecular level and direct visualization of microbial morphology. In this study, FISH technique was evaluated for detection of staphylococci. A set of 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes were used for FISH. For detection of Staphylococcus aureus in ...
Staphylococci in Competition | Applied and Environmental MicrobiologyStaphylococci in Competition | Applied and Environmental Microbiology
In studies carried on in bacteriological media with selected cultures, definite repressive effects were noted on the growth of the Staphylococcus population by a mixture of saprophytic, psychrophilic bacterial species. This repressive effect became more pronounced as the relative proportion of the bacterial population which was staphylococcal became smaller. A varied saprophytic bacterial flora of some numbers apparently would offer definite protection to foods through repression of staphylococcal growth and by rendering the food inedible before the rise of appreciable numbers of staphylococci. It would appear that at the optimal temperature for staphylococcal growth, staphylococci could multiply rapidly in the mixed population due to the comparative shortness of the generation time of this species and because of the lengthened lag phase of the saprophytic bacterial species at this elevated temperature, especially when only cultures having psychrophilic characteristics were present. This ...
Colony-forming unitColony-forming unit
CoccusCoccus
Vaginal floraVaginal flora
HypothiocyaniteHypothiocyanite
ThrombocytopeniaThrombocytopenia
MesophileMesophile
PneumoniaPneumonia
FolliculitisFolliculitis
BacteremiaBacteremia
Staphylococcal enteritisStaphylococcal enteritis
StaphylokinaseStaphylokinase
Anaerobic infectionAnaerobic infection
Staphylococcal infectionStaphylococcal infection
TetracyclineTetracycline
AngiokeratomaAngiokeratoma
DesquamationDesquamation
Protein AProtein A
Glutamyl endopeptidase GluV8Glutamyl endopeptidase GluV8
CarambolaCarambola
Breastfeeding difficultiesBreastfeeding difficulties
Production of antibioticsProduction of antibiotics
Brodie abscessBrodie abscess
AureolysinAureolysin
Toxic shock syndrome toxinToxic shock syndrome toxin
ProteinProtein
Dock8Dock8
AGG01AGG01
HemolysisHemolysis
VancomycinVancomycin
Foodborne illnessFoodborne illness
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth Care
Staphylococcus aureusStaphylococcusStaphylococcus epidermidisStaphylococcal InfectionsMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusStaphylococcus PhagesMethicillin ResistanceCoagulaseAnti-Bacterial AgentsMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMethicillinStaphylococcus haemolyticusOxacillinVancomycinStaphylococcal Protein ABacterial ProteinsStaphylococcal Skin InfectionsLysostaphinStaphylococcus lugdunensisBacteremiaNoseDNA, BacterialCross InfectionStaphylococcus hominisPneumonia, StaphylococcalLeukocidinsGram-Positive BacteriaDrug Resistance, MicrobialDrug Resistance, BacterialBiofilmsCarrier StatePenicillin ResistanceOxazolidinonesEndocarditis, BacterialMupirocinAcetamidesVancomycin ResistanceAnti-Infective AgentsDaptomycinBacterial ToxinsElectrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-FieldExotoxinsMastitis, BovineBacterial Typing TechniquesCommunity-Acquired InfectionsColony Count, MicrobialBacteriological TechniquesBacteriophage TypingBacteriaFusidic AcidCulture MediaTeicoplaninAbscessStaphylococcus saprophyticusExfoliatinsMicrococcusGenes, BacterialPenicillinsOsteomyelitisEnterotoxinsTeichoic AcidsNasal CavityStaphylococcal VaccinesVirulence FactorsPenicillin-Binding ProteinsHemolysin ProteinsCell WallNafcillinGene Expression Regulation, BacterialMolecular Sequence DataGram-Negative BacteriaBacterial AdhesionGentamicinsCloxacillinSoft Tissue InfectionsStaphylococcus hyicusDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialBacteriolysisPeptidoglycanMuramoylpentapeptide CarboxypeptidaseStaphylococcal Food PoisoningPeptidyl TransferasesSuperantigensMicrobial ViabilityBacterial InfectionsHexosyltransferasesEnterococcusClindamycinWound InfectionVirginiamycinVirulenceCephalosporinsCiprofloxacinProsthesis-Related InfectionsPenicillinaseMolecular TypingMastitisEquipment ContaminationPolymerase Chain ReactionAdhesins, BacterialStreptococcusDNA FingerprintingFluoroquinolonesErythromycinGram-Positive CocciAgarStaphylococcus intermediusGlycopeptidesBloodEscherichia coliGram-Positive Bacterial InfectionsAnti-Infective Agents, LocalSkin Diseases, InfectiousNovobiocinPhagocytosisAminoglycosidesCefazolinSequence Analysis, DNAAmino Acid SequenceArthritis, InfectiousEye Infections, BacterialNasal MucosaMilkChromosomes, BacterialMolecular EpidemiologyBase SequencePseudomonas aeruginosaPlasmidsLincosamidesRifampinSurgical Wound InfectionEnterococcus faecalisSpecies SpecificityRabbitsFood MicrobiologyN-Acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine AmidaseMutationPolysaccharides, BacterialTetracyclineCatheters, IndwellingGenotypeSepsisInfection ControlAminoacyltransferasesBacteria, AerobicPenicillin GDicloxacillinCefoxitinRNA, BacterialFurunculosisHospitalsTime FactorsImpetigoSkin Diseases, BacterialCephalothinMultilocus Sequence TypingOfloxacinbeta-LactamsFloxacillinPyodermaQuinolonesLincomycinNeutrophilsCattleCarrier ProteinsOpsonin ProteinsLivestockR FactorsBacterial LoadPhenotypeBlood Bactericidal ActivityMinocyclineLatex Fixation TestsCatheter-Related InfectionsSkinNaphthyridinesHospitals, AnimalDisk Diffusion Antimicrobial TestsGenome, BacterialEvaluation Studies as TopicHemolysisMacrolidesEndocarditisChromogenic CompoundsDisinfectantsPeritonitisSensitivity and SpecificityLactamsCluster AnalysisPhylogenyAza CompoundsEnterobacteriaceaeNorfloxacinEndophthalmitisCefamandoleMicrococcal NucleaseDNA Transposable ElementsInterspersed Repetitive SequencesDibekacinAntibodies, BacterialDisease Models, Animal
Staphylococcus | bacteria genus | Britannica.comStaphylococcus | bacteria genus | Britannica.com
Staphylococcus pseudintermedius ATCC ® 49444™Staphylococcus pseudintermedius ATCC ® 49444™
Staphylococcus capitis - definition of Staphylococcus capitis by The Free DictionaryStaphylococcus capitis - definition of Staphylococcus capitis by The Free Dictionary
VISA/VRSA in Healthcare Settings | HAI | CDCVISA/VRSA in Healthcare Settings | HAI | CDC
Staphylococcus haemolyticus - WikipediaStaphylococcus haemolyticus - Wikipedia
staphylococcus aureus | ScienceBlogsstaphylococcus aureus | ScienceBlogs
Staphylococcus | Encyclopedia.comStaphylococcus | Encyclopedia.com
Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus - WikipediaVancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus - Wikipedia
Staphylococcus aureus | bacterium | Britannica.comStaphylococcus aureus | bacterium | Britannica.com
Staphylococcus Aureus DiagnosisStaphylococcus Aureus Diagnosis
Staphylococcus Aureus MicrobiologyStaphylococcus Aureus Microbiology
Sensory deprivation in Staphylococcus aureus | Nature CommunicationsSensory deprivation in Staphylococcus aureus | Nature Communications
Staphylococcus aureus in Healthcare Settings | HAI | CDCStaphylococcus aureus in Healthcare Settings | HAI | CDC
Genetically Diverse Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus AureusGenetically Diverse Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) | MedscapeMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) | Medscape
Staphylococcus epidermidisStaphylococcus epidermidis
Staphylococcus kloosiiStaphylococcus kloosii
Staphylococcus aureus ( ...)Staphylococcus aureus ( ...)
About: StaphylococcusAbout: Staphylococcus
Staphylococcus - WikipediaStaphylococcus - Wikipedia
Green monkeys acquired Staphylococcus aureus from humansGreen monkeys acquired Staphylococcus aureus from humans
Who are you--Staphylococcus saprophyticus? - PubMed - NCBIWho are you--Staphylococcus saprophyticus? - PubMed - NCBI
Development of resistant Staphylococcus aureus over timeDevelopment of resistant Staphylococcus aureus over time
A Link Between Staphylococcus Infection And SIDSA Link Between Staphylococcus Infection And SIDS
mishra nn staphylococcus - PubMed - NCBImishra nn staphylococcus - PubMed - NCBI
Plus itPlus it
Staphylococcus felis - WikipediaStaphylococcus felis - Wikipedia
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
JCI - Quorum sensing in Staphylococcus infectionsJCI - Quorum sensing in Staphylococcus infections
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infectionMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection
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Staphylococcus aureusStaphylococcusStaphylococcus epidermidisStaphylococcal InfectionsMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusStaphylococcus PhagesMethicillin ResistanceCoagulaseAnti-Bacterial AgentsMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMethicillinStaphylococcus haemolyticusOxacillinVancomycinStaphylococcal Protein ABacterial ProteinsStaphylococcal Skin InfectionsLysostaphinStaphylococcus lugdunensisBacteremiaNoseDNA, BacterialCross InfectionStaphylococcus hominisPneumonia, StaphylococcalLeukocidinsGram-Positive BacteriaDrug Resistance, MicrobialDrug Resistance, BacterialBiofilmsCarrier StatePenicillin ResistanceOxazolidinonesEndocarditis, BacterialMupirocinAcetamidesVancomycin ResistanceAnti-Infective AgentsDaptomycinBacterial ToxinsElectrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-FieldExotoxinsMastitis, BovineBacterial Typing TechniquesCommunity-Acquired InfectionsColony Count, MicrobialBacteriological TechniquesBacteriophage TypingBacteriaFusidic AcidCulture MediaTeicoplaninAbscessStaphylococcus saprophyticusExfoliatinsMicrococcusGenes, BacterialPenicillinsOsteomyelitisEnterotoxinsTeichoic AcidsNasal CavityStaphylococcal VaccinesVirulence FactorsPenicillin-Binding ProteinsHemolysin ProteinsCell WallNafcillinGene Expression Regulation, BacterialMolecular Sequence DataGram-Negative BacteriaBacterial AdhesionGentamicinsCloxacillinSoft Tissue InfectionsStaphylococcus hyicusDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialBacteriolysisPeptidoglycanMuramoylpentapeptide CarboxypeptidaseStaphylococcal Food PoisoningPeptidyl TransferasesSuperantigensMicrobial ViabilityBacterial InfectionsHexosyltransferasesEnterococcusClindamycinWound InfectionVirginiamycinVirulenceCephalosporinsCiprofloxacinProsthesis-Related InfectionsPenicillinaseMolecular TypingMastitisEquipment ContaminationPolymerase Chain ReactionAdhesins, BacterialStreptococcusDNA FingerprintingFluoroquinolonesErythromycinGram-Positive CocciAgarStaphylococcus intermediusGlycopeptidesBloodEscherichia coliGram-Positive Bacterial InfectionsAnti-Infective Agents, LocalSkin Diseases, InfectiousNovobiocinPhagocytosisAminoglycosidesCefazolinSequence Analysis, DNAAmino Acid SequenceArthritis, InfectiousEye Infections, BacterialNasal MucosaMilkChromosomes, BacterialMolecular EpidemiologyBase SequencePseudomonas aeruginosaPlasmidsLincosamidesRifampinSurgical Wound InfectionEnterococcus faecalisSpecies SpecificityRabbitsFood MicrobiologyN-Acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine AmidaseMutationPolysaccharides, BacterialTetracyclineCatheters, IndwellingGenotypeSepsisInfection ControlAminoacyltransferasesBacteria, AerobicPenicillin GDicloxacillinCefoxitinRNA, BacterialFurunculosisHospitalsTime FactorsImpetigoSkin Diseases, BacterialCephalothinMultilocus Sequence TypingOfloxacinbeta-LactamsFloxacillinPyodermaQuinolonesLincomycinNeutrophilsCattleCarrier ProteinsOpsonin ProteinsLivestockR FactorsBacterial LoadPhenotypeBlood Bactericidal ActivityMinocyclineLatex Fixation TestsCatheter-Related InfectionsSkinNaphthyridinesHospitals, AnimalDisk Diffusion Antimicrobial TestsGenome, BacterialEvaluation Studies as TopicHemolysisMacrolidesEndocarditisChromogenic CompoundsDisinfectantsPeritonitisSensitivity and SpecificityLactamsCluster AnalysisPhylogenyAza CompoundsEnterobacteriaceaeNorfloxacinEndophthalmitisCefamandoleMicrococcal NucleaseDNA Transposable ElementsInterspersed Repetitive SequencesDibekacinAntibodies, BacterialDisease Models, Animal
EpidermidisSpeciesSubspGenusInfectionsIsolatesCapitisSimulansBacteriaStrainPseudintermediusSusceptibilityCharacterizationResistance in staphylococcusMRSAAlbusCoagulaseSciuriClinical Specimens from CatsInfectionStaphStrainsPathogensAcquired Staphylococcus aureusATCCStaphylococcaceaePathogenicVancomycin-resistMethicillin resistantHuman pathogenResistanceSchleiferEscherichiaAnti-StaphylococcusGenBank2019NasalPathogen that causesAntimicrobial PeptidesSearch
Epidermidis1
Species7
Subsp5
Genus3
Infections4
Isolates1
Capitis1
Simulans1
  • because the biochemical characteristics of staphylococcus felis were very similar to those of staphylococcus simulans, results were submitted to numerical analysis and dna homology. (liverpool.ac.uk)
Bacteria2
Strain1
Pseudintermedius2
Susceptibility1
Characterization2
Resistance in staphylococcus1
MRSA2
Albus2
Coagulase5
Sciuri2
Clinical Specimens from Cats1
Infection28
Staph2
Strains10
Pathogens1
Acquired Staphylococcus aureus1
ATCC2
Staphylococcaceae2
  • Gli Stafilococchi (Staphylococcus Pasteur, 1880) sono batteri Gram-positivi appartenenti alla famiglia Staphylococcaceae. (dbpedia.org)
  • Het geslacht Staphylococcus (uit het Grieks betekent letterlijk: druiventrosbes) zijn bacteriën die behoren tot de familie Staphylococcaceae. (dbpedia.org)
Pathogenic2
Vancomycin-resist1
Methicillin resistant6
Human pathogen3
Resistance3
Schleifer1
Escherichia2
Anti-Staphylococcus1
GenBank1
  • Ribotyping and nucleotide sequence analysis of the 16s rRNA gene (GenBank FJ536211) and the sodA gene (GenBank FJ872832) indicate that this isolate is Staphylococcus pseudintermedius . (atcc.org)
20191
Nasal6
Pathogen that causes1
Antimicrobial Peptides1
Search1
Rapid, Culture-Free Detection of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia
Rapid, Culture-Free Detection of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia (journals.plos.org)
Staphylococcus aureus 10 000 cfu ml, how to grow a pineapple from its top video
Staphylococcus aureus 10 000 cfu ml, how to grow a pineapple from its top video (s3.amazonaws.com)
Maple Leaf chicken breast strips recalled due to possible Staphylococcus bacteria toxins | Ottawa Citizen
Maple Leaf chicken breast strips recalled due to possible Staphylococcus bacteria toxins | Ottawa Citizen (ottawacitizen.com)
Staphylococcus aureus, Including Meticillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, among General Practitioners and Their Patients: A...
Staphylococcus aureus, Including Meticillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, among General Practitioners and Their Patients: A... (journals.plos.org)
PLOS Genetics: Base Pairing Interaction between 5′- and 3′-UTRs Controls icaR mRNA Translation in Staphylococcus aureus
PLOS Genetics: Base Pairing Interaction between 5′- and 3′-UTRs Controls icaR mRNA Translation in Staphylococcus aureus (journals.plos.org)
Ways To Cure Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus(MRSA) Naturally | Girlishh.com
Ways To Cure Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus(MRSA) Naturally | Girlishh.com (girlishh.com)
Chain A, Crystal Structure Of Staphylococcus Epidermidis S192a Mevalonate Diphosphate Decarboxylase Complexed With Inhibitor 6...
Chain A, Crystal Structure Of Staphylococcus Epidermidis S192a Mevalonate Diphosphate Decarboxylase Complexed With Inhibitor 6... (pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
JCDR - Inducible clindamycin resistance, D test, Methicillin resistance, Staphylococci, MLSB
JCDR - Inducible clindamycin resistance, D test, Methicillin resistance, Staphylococci, MLSB (jcdr.net)
Staphylococcus aureus | bacterium | Britannica.com
Staphylococcus aureus | bacterium | Britannica.com (britannica.com)
Surmounting antimicrobial resistance in the Millennium Superbug: Staphylococcus aureus | SpringerLink
Surmounting antimicrobial resistance in the Millennium Superbug: Staphylococcus aureus | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
Active Bacterial Core Surveillance (ABCs) Reports | CDC
Active Bacterial Core Surveillance (ABCs) Reports | CDC (cdc.gov)
VISA/VRSA in Healthcare Settings | HAI | CDC
VISA/VRSA in Healthcare Settings | HAI | CDC (cdc.gov)
Diabetes Breakthrough
Diabetes Breakthrough (s3.amazonaws.com)
Medical Care of Ill Disaster Evacuees|Natural Disasters and Severe Weather
Medical Care of Ill Disaster Evacuees|Natural Disasters and Severe Weather (cdc.gov)
Sensory deprivation in Staphylococcus aureus | Nature Communications
Sensory deprivation in Staphylococcus aureus | Nature Communications (nature.com)
Staphylococcus aureus in Healthcare Settings | HAI | CDC
Staphylococcus aureus in Healthcare Settings | HAI | CDC (cdc.gov)
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) | Breastfeeding | CDC
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) | Breastfeeding | CDC (cdc.gov)
Pandemic! 10 of the Deadliest Diseases | Popular Science
Pandemic! 10 of the Deadliest Diseases | Popular Science (popsci.com)
Food poisoning in children: Symptoms and treatment | BabyCenter
Food poisoning in children: Symptoms and treatment | BabyCenter (babycenter.com)
Bacteria Associated with Foodborne Diseases - IFT.org
Bacteria Associated with Foodborne Diseases - IFT.org (ift.org)
Skin rash Archives - familydoctor.org
Skin rash Archives - familydoctor.org (familydoctor.org)
Controlling methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Quantifying the effects of interventions and rapid diagnostic testing ...
Controlling methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Quantifying the effects of interventions and rapid diagnostic testing ... (pnas.org)
Staph Infection (<i>Staphylococcus Aureus</i>) Center by...
Staph Infection (<i>Staphylococcus Aureus</i>) Center by... (medicinenet.com)
Sacha Vignieri | Science | AAAS
Sacha Vignieri | Science | AAAS (sciencemag.org)
Bacteria & Diseases Posters, Prints, Paintings & Wall Art for Sale | AllPosters.com
Bacteria & Diseases Posters, Prints, Paintings & Wall Art for Sale | AllPosters.com (allposters.com)
Staphylococcus Aureus Diagnosis
Staphylococcus Aureus Diagnosis (news-medical.net)
Biggest Threats and Data | Antibiotic/Antimicrobial Resistance | CDC
Biggest Threats and Data | Antibiotic/Antimicrobial Resistance | CDC (cdc.gov)
Active Bacterial Core Surveillance (ABCs) 2014 MRSA Report | CDC
Active Bacterial Core Surveillance (ABCs) 2014 MRSA Report | CDC (cdc.gov)
Armed Forces Health Surveillance Branch | Health.mil
Armed Forces Health Surveillance Branch | Health.mil (health.mil)
In This Issue | PNAS
In This Issue | PNAS (pnas.org)
Https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/321381.php
Https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/321381.php (medicalnewstoday.com)